rdwfquf

bmompum;udk oif,lMuyHk trsdK;rsdK; &Sdwwfonf/ tcsdKUu pmukdzwf&I&rSom oif,lwwfajrmufMuonf/ tcsdKUu

em;axmifum oif,l rSwfrdMuonf/ tcsdKUu oif,l&mwGifrSm;rSm;rSefrSef prf;oyfajymqkdavhusihfvkdNyD; tcsdKUhu txm;tokd
toHxGuf pojzifh rSefuefaM​umif;aocsmrSom bmompum;udk toHk;jyKvkdonf/ xkdokdh uGJjym;rIrsm;aMumifh q&m^r rsm;rSm
enf;vrf; trsdK;rsdK;tzHkzHkudk toHk;jyKvsufoifMum;Mu&efvkdvmygonf/ ¤if;rSm þpmtkyfudk a&;om;&jcif;\ t"du
taMumif;vnf;jzpfygonf/
þpmtkyfwGif rdrdoifwef;om;rsm; t*Fvdyfbmompum;udk ykdrkdaumif;rGefpGm toHk;jyKEdkifapa&; avhusifhay;&ef vkyfief;pOfrsm;?
upm;enf;rsm; avhusihfcef;rsm; 100 ausmfyg0ifygonf/
¤if;wkdYudk t"dutm;jzifh tykdif; 2 ydkif; atmufygtwkdif; cGJxm;ygonf/

uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
oifwef;om;rsm;\ pmzwfuRrf;usifrI? em;axmifpGrf;&nf? pma&;jcif;ESifh pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIwkdYudk txl;ojzihf
`rSihfwifay;&ef avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfonf/ uRrf;usifrIavhusifhcef;rsm; acgif;pOfatmuf&Sd acgif;pOfcJGrsm;wGif
¤if;oifcef;pmrsm;twGuf oifcef;pmtBudKavhusihfcef;rsm; (a&;zwfajymem;axmif oifcef;pmrsm; rwkdifrDvkyf&aom
vkyfief;pOfrsm;) ESifh oifcef;pmaemufykdif; avhusihfcef;rsm; yg0ifygonf/

bmompum;avhusifhcef;rsm;
þavhusifhcef;rsm;rSm a0g[m&tcsdKUudk oif,l&efvnf;aumif;? o'´gykdif;wnfaqmufyHktwGufaomfvnf;aumif;?
toHxGufyHkenf;pepfrsm;udk oifMum;&mwGifvnf;aumif; toHk;jyKEkdifaom enf;vrf;rsm; jzpfonf/ þavhusifhcef;rsm;udk
taMumif;t&mrsdK;pHk? wnfaqmufyHk structure tzHkzHkwkdYtwGuf ajymif;vJtoHk;csekdifygonf/
þpmtkyfwGifyg0ifaom enf;vrf;rsm;? avhusihfcef;rsm;udk a½G;cs,fwifjy&jcif; taMumif;rsm;rSm-
●● avhusifhcef;rsm;tm;vHk;wGif &Sif;vif;wdusaom &v'frsm; &Sdjcif;
●● jrefrm ausmif;om;rsm;udk oifMum;aeaom q&mrsm;pGmu atmifjrifpGm toHk;jyKzl;jcif;
●● ½IyfaxG;cufcJaom toHk;jyKyHk ñTefMum;csufrsm; ryg0ifjcif;
●● &Sm&cufaom ypönf; ypö, rsm; toHk;rjyKjcif; (þavhusihfcef;rsm;udk vQyfppfrD;? uGefysLwm? rdwÅLul;puf rsm;rvkdbJ
oifykef;? abmyif? pm½Gufrsm;jzifh aumif;pGmjyKvkyfEkdifonf/ tcsdKUaom em;axmifjcif;avhusifhcef;rsm;wGif uufquf
okdYr[kwf pD'Dpufvkdaumif;vkdEkdifaomfvnf; tawmfrsm;rsm;udk q&mukd,fwkdif EIwfESihfzwfjyEdkifygonf/)
pmtkyf\aemufqHk;wGifvnf; aemufqufwGJ wpfckygygonf/ ¤if;aemufqufwGJwGif yg0ifaom tydkif;rsm;rSm
●● pmtkyfrS avhusifhcef;rsm;udk rnfokdYjyKjyifajymif;vJ toHk;jyKEkdifyHk enf;vrf;rsm;
●● pmoifcef;oHk; oifMum;a&; enf;vrf;i,frsm;? (Oyrm ausmif;om;rsm;udk nTefMum;csufay;jcif;? &SdNyD; A[kokwudk
wD;acguf xkwfazmffMunfhjcif;? trSm;jyifqifay;yHkrsm; pojzifh) wkdY jzpfMuygonf/
þpmtkyfrS tcsdKUavhusifhcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;twGuf aqmhzf0J rsm; zefwD;xm;ygonf/ aqmhzf0J toHk;jyKEkdifaom
avhusifhcef;wGif aqmhzf0J oauFw ygygonf/
¤if; aqmhzf0Jtm;vHk;udk pma&;olwkdY\ 0ufbfqkduf wGiftcrJh qGJ,l&&SdEkdifygonf/

Educasia onf t½G,fa&mufNyD; oif,lolrsm;twGuf jrefrmh,Ofaus;rI? ywf0ef;usifESihf

udkufnDrI&Sdaom apsEIef;oufomonfh ynma&; taxmuftulrsm;xkwfa0ygonf/ Educasia rS
a&;om;xkwfa0aom bmom&yfrsm;wGif t*Fvdyfpm? vlrIodyÜHbmom&yfrsm;​ESihf oifMum;a&;uRrf;usifrI​ESihf
ywfoufonfwkdY yg0ifonf/ Educasia rS q&mjzpfoifwef;rsm;? rGrf;rHoifwef;rsm; ESihf &yf½GmtajcjyK
ynma&;tpDtpOfrsm;twGuf oif½dk;qdkif&m ynm&yftaxmuftulrsm;vnf; ay;aeygonf/ ar;jref;vkd​
onfh taMumif;t&mrsm;ESihf tultnDawmif;cH&eftwGuf Educasia udk qufoG,fEkdifygonf/
 rmwdum
uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
oifcef;pmtBudKavhusifhcef;rsm;
1. acgif;pOfrdwfqufjcif;
2. a0g[m& rdwfqufoifMum;jcif;
3. BudKwifrSef;qjcif;rsm;

pmzwfuRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
4. zwfpmwpfckcif;usif;ay;jcif;
5. pmzwfoifcef;pmrsm;twGuf avhusifhcef;rsm;

em;axmifpGrf;&nftwGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;
6. Listening text wpfck cif;usif;ay;jcif;
7. em;axmifjcif; avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;

ta&;uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
8. ta&;avhusifhcef;rsm; (xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rItqihfvkduf pDpOfxm;jcif;)

pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIavhusifhcef;rsm;
9. pum;ajymavhusihfcef;rsm; (xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rItqihfvkduf pDpOfxm;jcif;)
oifcef;pmaemufydkif;avhusifhcef;rsm;
10. oifcef;pmaemufykdif; avhusifhcef;rsm;

bmompum;avhusifhcef;rsm;
a0g[m& oifcef;pmrsm;
11. a0g[m& avhusifhcef;rsm;

o'´g (grammar)oifcef;pmrsm;
12. o'´g (grammar) avhusifhcef;rsm;

toHxGuf oifcef;pmrsm;
13. toHxGuf avhusifhcef;rsm;

aemufqufwGJ 1/ / avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk jyKjyifajymif;vJtoHk;csjcif;

aemufqufwGJ 2/ / pmoifcef;oHk; oifMum;a&; enf;vrf;i,frsm;
 uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
þtydkif;wGif acgif;pOfcGJ 6 ck ygygonf/
1/ oifcef;pmtBudK avhusifhcef;rsm;
2/ pmzwfuRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
3/ em;axmifpGrf;&nftwGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;
4/ ta&;uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;
5/ pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIavhusifhcef;rsm;
6/ oifcef;pmaemufydkif;avhusifhcef;rsm; [lí jzpfygonf/
uRrf;usifrI OD;pm;ay;oifcef;pm​wpfck\ a,bk,s yHkpHwpfckrSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfygonf/
1/ oifcef;pmtBudK avhusifhcef;tcsdKUESifhtpjyKonf
2/ xkdYaemufoifcef;pmpwifí uRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;tcsdKU jyKvkyfonf
3/ oifcef;pmaemufykdif;avhusifhcef;rsm;jyKvkyfonf/
oifcef;pmyHkpH OyrmESpfckudk þokdYawGUEkdifonf/

oifcef;pm 1 oifcef;pm 2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ /i,fpOf uav;b0 tawGhtMuHKrsm;t &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pnf;½Hk;a&; a[majymcsufi,fwpfck
aMumif;pmwpfyk'fudk zwf½Iekdif&ef? tESpfcsKyfEkdif&ef ESifh ajymqkd&ef/
¤if;taMumif;udk zwf½IaqG;aEG;Ekdif&efjzpfonf/ 2.1/ ½kyfjrifoHMum;wGif UK rSa½G;aumufyJGa[majymcsuf
1.1/ pmwGifyg0ifaom a0g[m&rsm;udk wpfckudk Munfh&ef/
rdwfqufoifMum;&ef/ 2.2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJí rl0g'rsm; csrSwfckdif;&ef/
1.2/ ausmiff;om;rsm;u pmyg taMumif;&mrsm;udk 2.3/ xkdYaemuf ausmif;om;wpfOD;csif;u a[majymcsu​f
cefYrSef;Mu&ef/ wpfckpD a&;om;jyifqif&ef/
1.3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;pmudk zwfMunfh&ef/ 2.4/ a&;NyD;a[majymcsufudk tajymavhusihf&ef/
1.4/ em;vnfoabmaygufrIppfar;aom ar;cGef;rsm; 2.5/ wpfvSnfhpDpnf;½Hk;ajymqkdMu&ef/ em;axmifaeolrsm;u
ajzqkd&ef(comprehension questions) / ajyma[molwpfOD;csif;udkbmompum;t&vnf;
1.5/ pmyg t"du tcsufrsm;udk tESpfcsKyfí csa&;&ef/ aumif;? taMumif;t&mt&vnf;aumif;?
[eft&vnf;aumif; trSwfay;Mu&ef/
1.6/ ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwdkYwGifvnf;
tvm;wltawGUtMuHK&Sdr&Sd aqG;aEG;Mu&ef/ 2.6/ ausmif;om;rsm;uyif rnfolUudk a½G;aumufaMumif;
qHk;jzwfí tb,fhaMumifh ¤if;udk a½G;cs,faMumif;
aqG;aEG;ajymqkdMu&ef/

1.1? 1.2? 2.1? 2.2? wkdYonf oifcef;pmtBudKavhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ ¤if;avhusifhcef;rsm;onf

yifroifcef;pmwGifyg0ifaom taMumif;t&m okdYr[kwf t"du avhusifhvkdaom uRrf;usifrIrsm;udk oif,lavhusifh&mwGif
vG,ful? tqifoifhjzpfap&ef ausmif;om;udk BudKwifrdwfqufay;aom avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/
1.3 eSifh 1.4 wYkdonf pmzwfuRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ 1.3 wGif ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf zwfp&m pmwpfyk'fudk
cif;usif;jyovkdufonf/ 1.4 url ausmif;om;rsm; ¤if;pmudk em;vnfatmifzwf½IEkdif&ef avhusifhay;onf/
2.3 onf ta&;uRrf;usifrI avhusihfcef;jzpfonf/
2.4 ESifh 2.5 wkdYonf pum;ajymuRrf;usifrI avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/
1.5? 1.6 ESifh 2.6 wkdYonf oifcef;pmaemufydkif;avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ t"dutaMumif;t&m? t"duavhusifhvkdaom
uRrf;usifrIoifcef;pmrsm; tNyD;wGif jyKvkyfaom avhusifhcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ ¤if;avhusifhcef;rsm;onf
oif,lNyD;aomoifcef;pmwkdYudk vufawGUESifhcsdwfquftoHk;csap&ef tm;ay;onf/

1
vkyfief;pOf tñTef;
þavhusifhcef;rsm;tm;vHk;wGif vkyfief;pOf tñTef;rsm;ygonf/
¤if;wkdYudk avhusihfcef;wpfckpDab;wGif tuGuf wpfuGufwGif;​
wGifxnfhoGif;xm;onf/ xkdtuGufwGif;wGif avhusifhcef;\ t"du
&nf½G,fcsuf? rdrd oifwef;wGif toHk;jyKí&r&?
xkdavhusifhcef;jyKvkyf&ef vkdtyfrnfh jyifqifrIrsm;udk avhusifhcef;&nf&G,fcsuf/ / a0g[m&topf tcsdKUudk
xnfhoGif;a&;om;xm;onf/ ausmif;om;rsm; t"dyÜg,frSefuefpGmv ​ ufawGUoHk;&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;ESpfa,mufwGJpD​
avhusifhcef;\ t"du &nf½G,fcsuf^toHk;0ifyHkudk azmfjyxm;onf/ aqmif&Guf&ef? wpfwGJudk &kyfyHk wpfyHkpDvdktyfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / oifjum;rnfhtaMumif;t ​ &m​ESifh
avhusifhcef;jyKvkyf&ef vkdtyfaom txm;todk taetxm; yHkpH
ywfoufaom &kyfyHkrsm; jyifqifxm;&ef okdYr[kwf
jyKvkyf&rnfh yHkpHrsm;/ Oyrm - ausmif;om;rsm; ajy;vTm;vIyf&Sm;&ef
oifykef;ay:wGif a&;qGJxm;&ef/
vkdtyfjcif;? yHkrsm;pmrsm;udk rdwÅLul;xm;&ef vkdtyfjcif;?
avhusifhcef;twGuf vkdtyfaom ypönf;ypö,rsm;taMumif; ponf
wkdYudk ajymjyxm;onf/
avhusihfcef;rwkdifrDwGif q&m^r rsm; jyKvkyfjyifqif&ef vkdtyfaom
t&mrsm;udk jyonf/

2
 oifcef;pmtBudK avhusifhcef;rsm;
ra&;rD rzwfrD em;raxmifrD rajymr
1/ acgif;pOfrdwfquf avhusifhcef;rsm;
þavhusihfcef;rsm;u ausmif;om;rsm;\ tawG;tjrifrsm;ukd wD;acgufMunfhjcif;? ausmif;om;rsm;wGif e*kd&SdEkdifonfh
A[kokwrsm;udk azmfxkwfjcif; ponfwkdYudk jyKvkyfjcif;jzifh oifcef;pm\ t"du taMumif;t&m (topic) udk ausmif;om;rsm;
tm&Hkpl;pkdufrdaponf/
q&mwpfOD;taeESifh ausmif;om;rsm;wGif &SdNyD;aom tcHukd od&Sd&jcif;onf tvGeftoHk;0if tusdK;&Sdonf/ ​ausmif;om;rsm;\
tawG;tjrif? ,lqxm;rIrsm;ESifh ¤if;wkdYod&Sdxm;aom A[kokwrsm;udk od&aomaMumifh vuf&Sdoifcef;pmudk rnfrQMumMumoif​
oifhonf? rnfonhfpum; rsm;oHk;í ajymqkdavhusifhoihfonf? ausmif;om;rsm; oifcef;pmudk rnfrQpdwf0ifpm;onf
ponfwkdYudk cefYrSef;od&SdEkdifonf/
1.1
1 (1) tm;vHk;0kdif;0ef;pOf;pm;jcif; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pm
taMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufNyD;
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;rnfht"dutaMumif;t&m (okdY) ausmif;om;rsm; e*dkod&Sdxm;aom
oifcef;pmacgif;pOfudk ajymjyyg/ A[kokw tjrifwkdYudk azmfxkwf&ef/
2/ ¤if;taMumif;t&m^acgif;pOfESifhywfoufí ausmif;om;rsm; owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;ukdoHk;í
e*dkodxm;onfrsm;udk ar;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;ajymorQ tjriftm;vHk; wpfwef;vHk; aqG;aEG;jcif;jyKvkyf&​
tMuHÓPftm;vHk;udk (rSm;aevQifyif) oifykef;ay:wGif csa&;yg/ rnfjzpfonf/
Oyrm -
●● odorQwd&pämeftrnfrsm; pm&if;csa&;yg/ 1.2
●● pdwfcHpm;rIjyaom pum;vHk;rsm; a&;yg/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pm
●● tmqD,HtaMumif; odorQtcsufrsm;csa&;^ajymyg/ taMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufNyD;
ausmif;om;rsm; e*dkod&Sdxm;aom
●● urÇmBuD;ylaEG;vmrItaMumif; odorQtcsufrsm;csa&;^ajymyg/
A[kokw tjrifwkdYudk azmfxkwf&ef/
●● tcrJh wuúokdvf ynma&;\ aumif;usdK; qkd;jypfrsm; pm&if;csa&;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; 3 OD;rS 8
OD;txd tzGJYrsm;zGJYvsuf
1 (2) tzGJUvkduf tMuHÓPfxkwfjydKifyJG vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJyg/ (3a,mufwpfzGJUrS 8a,mufwpfzGJYtxdcJGEkdifonf/)
xkdYaemuf wpfzGJUpDwGifpma&;olwpfOD;pDxm;yg/ ¤if;pma&;olxHwGif abmyifESifhpm½Gufay;xm;yg^xkdYaemuftvkyfvkyfcsdef
owfrSwfay;yg (2 rdepfrS 5 rdepftxd owfrSwfay;Ekdifonf/)/
2/ tcsdefpvQif tzGJUrsm;u owfrSwfay;xm;onfh acgif;pOf twGuf (okdYr[kwf oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&mtwGuf) &EkdiforQ
tcsuftvufrsm;^trnfrsm; csa&;&rnf^owfrSwfcsdeftwGif; trsm;qHk; a&;EkdifaomtzGJYu Ekdifrnf[k ajymjyxm;&rnf/
tcsdefjynfhvQif &yf&rnf/
3/ tzGJUvkdufrdrdwkdYtzGJU\pm&if;udk ½Gwfjy&rnf/ trsm;qHk;a&;xm;EdkifaomtzJGUu EkdifaMumif;ajymrnf/
4/ xkdYaemuf tzGJUtm;vHk;\ pm&if;rsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif wpfaygif;wnf; csa&;Ekdifonf/ (þenf;jzifh wpfwef;vHk;\​
tMuHÓPfrsm; pkpnf;NyD;om;jzpfrnf/) ¤if;wkdYwGif taMumif;t&mrSm;rsm;&Sdaeyguvnf; xkdtcsdefwGif 0kdif;0ef;
ajz&Sif;ay;Ekdifonf/
old batteries small water bits of food
bottles
Rubbish:
The things we throw away

plastic bags

3
1 (3) acgif;pOftaMumif;aqG;aEG;cef; 1.3
acgif;pOfwpfcktaMumif;aqG;aEG;jcif;jyKvkyf&ef enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;&SdEdkifonf/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;\
e*dk&SdNyD;aom A[kokwrsm;
●● ausmif;om;rsm;\ udk,fykdiftawGUtMuHKudk ar;&ef/ tawG;tjrifrsm;udk wD;acgufazmfxkwf&ef/
Oyrm - owdjyK&ef/ / twef;vkdufaqG;aEG;jcif;
Are you afraid of ghosts? jyKvkyf&efvkdtyfonf/
Have you ever seen a ghost?
●● acgif;pOf^t"dutaMumif;t&mESifhywfoufaom rdrd ukd,fawGUjzpfap jzpf&yfav;wpfckudk ajymjy&ef/
●● acgif;pOfESifhywfoufaom xifjrifcsufjzpfap ajymqkdcsufwpfckjzpfap pmaMumif;wpfaMumif;udk csa&;í
¤if;ajymqkdcsuftay:jrifonfh ausmif;om;rsm;\tjrifrsm;udk ar;jref;aqG;aEG;&ef/
twef;vlrsm;ygu tzGJYrsm;cJGNyD; vkyfaqmif&ygrnf/

My grandmother’s
Same here. I don’t I don't believe in ghosts. ghost speaks to me
think ghosts exist. a lot.

What does
she say?

1 (4) qufpyfrIjy puf0kdif; 1.4

1/ acgif;pOfESifhywfoufaom t"duaomhcsufpum;vHk;wpfckudk &nf&G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmacgif;pOfESifh
oifykef;wGifa&;yg/ ywfoufí ausmif;om;rsm; e*dkodxm;onfh
2/ ¤if;pum;vHk;ESifh qufpyfaom tjcm;pum;vHk;rsm;ukd A[kokw a0g[m& tjrifrsm;ponfwkdYudk
ausmif;om;rsm; ajymxGufvmatmifar;jref;azmfxkwfyg/ azmfxkwf&ef/
xGufvmaom pum;vHk;rsm; tawG;rsm;udk aomhcsufpum;vHk;​qDodkY owdjyK&ef/ / twef;vkdufaqG;aEG;jcif;
qufoG,fa&;om;yg/ jyKvkyf&efvkdtyfonf/ oifykef; toHk;vkdonf/

computers email
world wide web internet cafe
you-tube google
music the internet
dial-up
chat connect
search
log on wireless

4
1 (5) yHkudkMunfhíar;cGef;xkwfjcif;
1/ wpfwef;vHk;udk acgif;pOfESifh qufpyfaom yHkwpfyHkjyyg/
2/ ¤if;yHktaMumif;udk ar;cGef;rsm;ar;yg/ xkdYaemuf
oifawmhrnfh oifcef;pmacgif;pOftaMumif; okdYr[kwf
aqG;aEG;rnfh t"dutaMumif; ar;cGef;rsm;ar;í
ausmif;om;rsm;udkcefYrSef;ajzqkdckdif;yg/
1.5
&nf&G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmacgif;pOfESifh ywfoufí
ausmif;om;rsm; e*dkodxm;onfh A[kokw a0g[m&
tjrifrsm;ponfwkdYudk azmfxkwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;tm;vHk; jrifEkdifaom
yHkwpfyHkvkdtyfonf/
MudKwifjyifqifrI/ / acgif;pOfESifh qufpyfywfoufaom
yHkwpfyHk&Smxm;&rnf okdYr[kwf oifykef;ay:wGif
a&;qGJxm;&rnf/ (yHkqGJ&mwGif vSyoyf&yf tEkynmajrmuf
p&mrvkdyg)/

What’s this?

When do you use it?

Where do you play?

What do you think

today’s topic is?

When we
play football and
A ball other games

On a field

sports

5
1 (6) ar;cGef;vJjcif; 1.6
1/ pm½Guftydkif;av;rsm;ay:wGif oifcef;pmESifh okdYr[kwf acgif;pOfESifh &nf&G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmacgif;pOfESifh
ywfoufaom ar;cGef;rsm;a&;xm;yg/ ar;cGef;wpfckudk ywfoufí ausmif;om;rsm; e*dkodxm;onfh
ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDudkay;xm;yg/ A[kokw a0g[m& tjrifrsm;ponfwkdYudk
azmfxkwf&ef/
Oyrm -
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; twef;xJwGif
rdwfqufajymqkdjcif; oifcef;pm [kd[kd'D'D vrf;​avQmufEkdif&efvkdrnfjzpfonf/
What’s your name? MudKwifjyifqifrI/ / oifcef;pmESifh ywfoufaom
Where do you work? ar;cGef;rsm;udk pm&Guftykdif;av;rsm;ay:wGif
tawGUtMuHKrsm;ajymqkdjcif; a&;xm;&rnf/
What is the best way to cure malaria?
How can we prevent the spread of malaria?
iSufzsm;a&m*gtaMumif;oifcef;pm
What is the best way to cure malaria?
How can we prevent the spread of malaria?
2/ xkdYaemuf ausmif;om;rsm;udk twef;wGif; avQmufoGm;apí tjcm; ausmif;om;wpfOD;ESifh rdrdwdkYvufwGif&&Sdxm;Muaom
ar;cGef;rsm; wpfvSnhfpDar;ygap/
3/ ar;NyD; ajzNyD;u rdrdwGif&Sdaom pm½Guftykdif;tcsif;csif;vJvS,fyg/
4/ xdkYaemuf&&Sdvmaom ar;cGef;topfudk ar;&ef tjcm;ausmif;om;wpfOD;qD oGm;NyD; ar;cGef;ar;jcif; vJvS,fjcif;
jyKvkyf&rnf/
5/ ¤if;udk 5 rdepfcefY qufvufjyKvkyfEkdifonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;twGufjzpfEkdifrnfqkdu oifcef;pmacgif;pOfudk ajymjyí rdrdwkdYudkf,fwkdifar;cGef;rsm;a&;apEkdifonf/

My maths teacher.
1. Who was your She got me interested in maths.
favourite teacher in What do you find difficult about
middle school? teaching?

U Gyi, the
science teacher
Who was your in 6th standard.
favourite teacher Why do you want
in middle school? to learn to
teach?
2.
3.

6
2/ a0g[m& BudKwifoifMum;jcif;
þoifcef;pmrsm;u pmykd'fwpfck zwf½I&mwGifvnf;aumif; em;axmif&mwGifvnf;aumif; oabmaygufem;vnfap&ef
pma&;om;jcif; pum;ajymqkdjcif;vkyfief;pOfwpfck aqmif½Guf&ef
oifwef;om;rsm; odxm;&efvkdtyfaom t"du a0g[m&rsm;oifMum;&ef a&;qGJxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
t"dua0g[m&rsm;udk BudKwifoifMum;xm;aomtm;jzifh oifwef;om;rsm;rSm r&if;ESD;aom pum;vHk;rsm;t"dyÜg,frsm;udk
&SmazG&jcif;r&SdawmhbJ oifcef;pm\ t"du avhusihfapvkdaom pum;ajymuRrf;usifrI? em;axmifjcif;? ta&;tzwfponfh
uRrf;usifrIrsm;udk ydkrdktm&Hkpl;pkdufEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
2.1
2 (1) a0g[m&rsm; wGJpyfjcif;vkyfief;pOf
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / t"dua0g[m&rsm;udk
oifcef;pmrS t"duvkdtyfrnfhpum;vHk;rsm; ESifh xdawGUod&SdoGm;ap&ef/
1/ t"dyÜg,fzGifhqkdcsufrsm;ESifh​ owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;rS
ambitious bossy sociable
wJGpyfay;jcif; ul;a&;jcif;jzpfap? avhusihfcef;
1.Someone who enjoys the
2/ aMumif;wloHuGJt"dyÜg,fwl​ company of other people.
pm½Gufrsm;wGif a&;om;í jzpfap
pum;vHk;rsm;ESifh wGJpyfay;jcif; 2.Someone who often tells
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
people what to do. BudKwifjyifqifrI/ /
3/ o&kyfazmfyHkrsm;ESifhwGJpyfjcif;
3.Someone who aims to be wGJpyfjcif;avhusihhfcef;vkyf&ef
4/ pmykd'fwcktwGif;rS​ rich, famous or pum;vHk;rsm; jyifqifxm;ay;&ef
uGufvyfrsm;wGif sucessful.
vkdtyfonf/
jznfhpGufay;jcif;wkdY
jyKvkyfay;&jcif;jzpfonf/
2 (2) Elicit odNyD;a0g[m&udk azmfxkwfay;jcif;
þvkyfief;pOfudk jyKvkyf&ef enf;vrf;twefi,f &SdEkdifonf/
2.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / awsmif;om;rsm; jyefvnf enf;vrf; 1/ oifMum;vkdaom a0g[m&rsm;udk trlt&mrsm;jzifh
owd&jcif; ESifh t"dua0g[m&rsm;&JU o½kyfazmfjyNyD; oifwef;om;rsm;udk a0g[m&rsm;udk ajymjyapjcif;
t"dyÜm,fudk zvSnf&ef/ (swimming) vufjzifh a&ul;[efvkyfjyNyD; 'gbmvkyfwJhyHkvJ [k
owdjyK&ef/ / wpfcef;vHk; aqG;aEG;&ef/ ar;jcif;
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / vdktyfvSsif &kyfyHkrsm; (a key) wHcg;zGifhonhf[efvkyfjyNyD; aomhae&mokdY vufjzihf nTefjyum
&SmazGjcif; (odk) a&;qGJ&ef/ 'gbmvJ[k ar;jcif;
(disgusting) teHYqkd;&onhf[ef rsufESmtrlt&m vkyfjyum pum;vHk;udk
ar;jcif;
What is
this like?
enf;vrf; 2/ ½kyfyHkjyojcif; okdYr[kwf qGJom;jyjcif;
(global warming) rD;vQHrsm;yHkqGJNyD; urÇmyHkukd rD;vQHrsm;tv,fwGif
qGJom;jyjcif;
(love) tonf;ESvHk;yHk qGJom;jyjcif;
giant (often) rsOf;wpfaMumif;qGJom;yg/ rsOf;tqHk;wzufwGif never [k
a&;om;NyD; tjcm;wzufwGif always [k a&;om;yg/ rsOf;wavQmufwGif
big
usually, hardly ever pojzifh trSwftom;rsm;jyKvkyfyg/
large
enf;vrf; 3/ ¤if;p um;vHk;udk o½kyfazmf ajymjyyg/
My mother’s
father’s mother. enf;vrf; 4/ t"dyÜg,fudk jrefrmbmomESifh ajymjyNyD; pum;vHk;udk
rSef;ckdif;yg/
great-grandmother txufygenf;vrf;rsm;udk aqmif½Guf&mwGif oifwef;om;rsm;udk
tajzpOf;pm;&ef tcsdefay;yg/ aemufqHk;rodrSom ajymjyNyD;
oifykef;ay:wGifyg a&;jyyg/

7
 2.3 2 (3) ar;cGef;rsm;ESifh em;vnfrIudk ppfaq;jcif;
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / t"dua0g[m&rsm;udkausmif;om;rsm; 1/ t"du pum;vHk;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;yg/
em;vnfrvnf aocsmodEkdif&ef/
2/ tajccH ar;cGef;av;rsm; ar;jref;Ekdifonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;udkoHk;NyD; q&mESihf ausmif;om;
tm;vHk; aqG;aEG;jcif;jyKvkyf&rnf/ Oyrm -
gigantic
[m B igxufBuD;wmvm; i,fvm;ajymygOD;
3/ cefYrSef; rSef;qjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm;em;vnfygu ydkBuD;aMumif;ajzvdrfhrnf)/
þvkyfief;pOfrsm;aMumifh oif,laeaomoifcef;pmtay: key 'gu opfom;eJYvkyfxm;vm; (ausmif;om;rsm;u r[kwfyg[k
vkyfaqmifae&aom avusihfcef;tay: ykdrkd ajzrnf) b,frSmoHk;wmvJ (wHcg;aomhrSmyg[k ausmif;om;rsm;u
pdwf0ifwpm;&Sdaponf/ oifcef;pmwpfckwGifyg0ifaom ajzvdrfhrnf)/
taMumif;t&mokdYr[kwf bmompum; qkdif&m wkdYudk cassette acGrSm speaker ygvm; (ryg[kajzrnf)
cefYrSef;apjcif;jzpfonf/ okdYwnf;r[kwf bmompum; txJrSm toHoGif;xm;vkdY&vm; (&w,f[kajzrnf)/
xkwfoHk;&mü yg0ifaom taMumif;t&mwkdYudk
cefYrSef;apjcif;jzpfonf/ pmzwfoifcef;pmrsm;
em;axmifoifcef;pmrsm; rpcif toHk;rsm;aomh
vkyfief;pOfrsm;jzpfonf/

3 (1) acgif;pOfudk MunhfírSef;qjcif; 3.1

1/ zwfpmydk'f\ okdYr[kwf em;axmif&rnfh pmom;\
acgif;pOfudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;om;yg/
2/ acgif;pOfukdMunfhí ¤if;pmydk'fxJwGif bmygrnf udk
ausmif;om;rsm;udk cefYrSef;ckdif;yg/ tm;vHk;\
cefYrSef;csufrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifcsa&;yg/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'fwpfykd'f\acgif;pOfudkMunfhNyD; ¤if;
pmykd'ftwGif;rS yg0ifonfhpmrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u
cefYrSef;ap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;toHk;jyKNyD; wpfwef;vHk;aqG;aEG;jcif;
jyK&rnf/

pmykd'fudk zwftNyD; okdYr[kwf em;axmiftNyD;wGif

rnfonfh cefYrSef;csufrsm;u rSefuefonfudk
wdkufqkdifppfaq;jcif; jyKvkyfEkdifonf/
3.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'fwpfykd'f\ t"dua0g[m&rsm;u
dkMunfhNyD; ¤if; pmykd'ftwGif;rS yg0ifonfhpmrsm;udk
ausmif;om;rsm;u cefYrSef;ap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;udk oHk;NyD; wwef;vHk;
aqG;aEG;jcif; jyK&rnf/
3 (2) t"du a0g[m&rsm;udk Munfhí rSef;qjcif;
1/ zwfpmykd'f okdYr[kwf em;axmif&ef pmykd'fwGif ygaom t"du
pum;vHk;rsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifcsa&;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u pum;vHk;rsm;ukdMunfhí ¤if;pmydk'fxJwGif
bmygrnf udk cefYrSef;Muygap/ tm;vHk;\ cefYrSef;csufrsm;udk
oifykef;ay:wGifcsa&;yg/
pmykd'fudk zwftNyD; okdYr[kwf em;axmiftNyD;wGif rnfonfh
cefYrSef;csufrsm;u rSefuefonfudk wdkufqkdifppfaq;jcif;
jyKvkyfEkdifonf/

Farmers are rural drought debt difficulties

Many farmers have having problems - farmers are having problems
borrowed money - harvest fails and crops are bad
because they can’t
harvest fails and - many farmers have to borrow money
grow enough
crops are bad because they can’t grow enough

8
3 (3) ½kyfyHkrsm;udk Munfhí cefYrSef;jcif;
1/ oifcef;pmwGif yg0ifaom okdYr[kwf oifcef;pmxJrS
taMumif;t&mESifh ywfoufaom ½kyfyHkrsm;udk jyoyg
(tcsdKUaom pmydk'frsm;wGif rdwÅLul;í a0ay;Edkifaom
yHkrsm;ygwwfonf)/
2/ ¤if;yHkrsm;udk Munfhíoifcef;pmonf rnfonfh
taMumif;t&mjzpfrnfudk cefYrSef;cdkif;yg/
cefYrSef;csufrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;om;xm;yg/
3.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'ftwGif;wGifrnfonhftaMumif;t&m
ygrnfudk ½kyfyHkrsm;MunfhNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u cefYrSef;&ef
jzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;udk toHk;jyKNyD; wpfwef;vHk;​
aqG;aEG;jcif; jyK&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'fESifh oufqkdifrI &Sdaom ½kyfyHkrsm;udk
pkaqmif;xm;&rnf/

pmykd'fudk zwftNyD; okdYr[kwf em;axmiftNyD;wGif rnfonfh

cefYrSef;csufrsm;u rSefuefonfudk wdkufqkdifppfaq;jcif;
jyKvkyfEkdifonf/

3.4 3 (4) oifbmodxm;ygovJ

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmtaMumif;udk
ausmif;om;rsm; rnfrQod&SdNyD;onfESihf rnfonfhudk
xyfrHpdwf0ifpm;MuaMumif; azmfxkwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif;?
okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJYvkdufokdYr[kwf
wwef;vHk;taeESihf vkyfaqmifckdif;Ekdifonf/
1/ oifykef;ay:wGif Z,m;wpfckqJGyg okdYr[kwf
ausmif;om;rsm;\ pmtkyfwGif qGJygap/ Z,m;wGif
a'gifvkdufuGuf oHk;uGufygonf/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdZ,m;ukd jznfha&;Mu&rnf/

Nelson Mandela

Things I know Things I think I know Things I want to know

first black president of South married twice? Did he support the war in
Africa was in prison a long about 90 years old? Iraq?
time How long was he in prison?

zwfpmudk zwftNyD; okdYr[kwf em;axmiftNyD;wGif ¤if;wkdYodxm;onfrsm;rSefrSef ESifh odvkdonfrsm; odvkduf&jcif;&Sdr&Sdudk

ppfaq;jcif;jyKvkyfyg/

9
 pmzwfjcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm;
zwfpmwpfck cif;usif;wifjyjcif;rsm; pmzwfuRrf;usifrI twGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;
a&SUqufrnfhtydkif;rsm;wGif bmompum;wpfckudk em,lod&SdEkdifjcif; uRrf;usifrIrsm;ESihf udk,fwkdiftoHk;jyK xkwfoHk;Ekdifjcif;uRrf;
usifrIrsm;ukd (receptive and productive skills) avhusihfwnfaqmufrnfh vkyfief;pOfrsm;yg0ifrnf/ yxrqHk;
tykdif;taeESifh pmzwfjcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk pwif wifjyxm;ygonf/

input
receptive reading listening

productive writing speaking

output

graphic oral/aural

bmompum;oifwef;wpfwef;wGif pmzwfjcif;vkyfief;pOf ESpfrsdK; &SdEkdifygonf/ yxr wpfrsdK;rSm bmompum;

oif,lavhvmrItwGuf jzpfygonf/ þtrsdK;tpm;twGufoifhavsmfaom pmykd'frsm;rSm oifMum;&ef &nf½G,fonfh
wnfaqmufyHk okdYr[kwf a0g[m&rsm;udkom toHk;jyKjyxm;aom pmykd'frsm;jzpfMuonf/ þoifcef;pmrsm;udk
bmompum;avhusifhcef;rsm; acgif;pOfatmufwGifawGYEkdifygonf/
þtydkif;wGifrl usefwpfrsdK;udk wifjyxm;ygonf/ ¤if;rSm uRrf;usifrI wnfaqmufjcif;twGuf pmzwfavhusifhcef;rsm;
jzpfMuonf/ t"du&nf½G,fcsufrsm;rSm atmufygwkdYtwdkif;jzpfEkdifonf/
●● pmzwfenf;edó,wpfckudk avhusihfaumif;rGefap&ef (Oyrm rSwfpkxkwf&efrnfokdYpmzwf&rnf? rdrdvkdtyfaom t&mudk
od&&ef rnfokdY&SmazGzwf&rnfponfh...)
●● yg0ifonfh A[kokw taMumif;t&mudk oabmaygufrSwfrdem;vnfap&ef zwf½Ijcif; (aq;ynm t*Fvdyfpm?
{nhfvrf;nTefrsm;twGuf t*Fvdyfpm? ynm&yfqkdif&m t*Fvdyfpm ponfh oifwef;rsm;rS zwfpmrsm;udk oif&mwGif
toHk;rsm;onfh avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfonf/ odkYr[kwf vlrIodyÜHbmom&yfrsm; usef;rma&; ponfh bmom&yfrsm;udk
t*Fvdyfvkd oifMum;&mrsdK;wGifvnf; þvkyfief;pOf avhusifhcef;rsdK;vkdtyfrnfjzpfonf)/
þtydkif;udk tydkif;i,f ESpfydkif;jyefcGJxm;onf/
1/ zwfpmwpfckudk pwifcif;usif;wifjyjcif; (Presenting a Reading Text )/ þtydkif;u zwfpmwpfckudk ausmif;om;rsm;​
yxrqHk;zwf½Ijcif;udk rnfokdYcsOf;uyfukdifwG,f&rnfudk avhusihfjcif;jzpfNyD;/
2/ pmzwfavhusifhjcif;avhusihfcef;rsm; (Reading Practice Activities) / þtydkif;wGifrl zwfpmwpfckwGifyg0ifaom
taMumif;t&mrsm;? bmompum;qkdif&mrsm;udk em;vnfap&ef vkyfaqmif&rnhfavhusifhce f;rsm; tpOfvkduf yg0ifygonf/
rnfonhfpmrsdK;udk pmzwfavhusihf&efa½G;cs,fjcif;rSmvnf; ta&;BuD;onf/ pmykd'fwpfckvHk; ausmif;om;rodavmufaom
a0g[m& 10% xufykdí yg&SdaevQif ausmif;om;tzkdY taMumif;t&mudkvnf; tm½kHra&mufEkdif? pmzwfuRrf;usifrIudk
avhusifh&efvnf;cufcJ jzpfEkdifonf/ t*Fvdyfpum;ajymEkdifiHrsm;ü yHkrSefoHk;aom pmrsm;?pum;rsm; rSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh
intermediate tqihf atmufausmif;om;rsm;tzkdY cufcJvGef;rnfjzpfonf (Oyrm? r*¾Zif; aqmif;yg;rsm;? ½kyf&Sifrsm; ponf)/

10
4/ zwfpmwpfckudk pwifcif;usif;wifjyjcif;
t&dk;&Sif;tvG,fulqHk; toHk;trsm;qHk; enf;vrf;rSm oifwef;om;rsm;udk ¤if;pmydk'fudk jyízwfapjcif;jzpfonf/ ​
Oyrm - rdwÅLul;í ausmif;om;rsm;tm;ay;jcif;? zwfpmtkyfudk zGihfzwfckdif;jcif;? okdYr[kwf oifykef;ay:wGif a&;jyNyD;
zwfapjcif;wkdY​jzpfonf/ xkdokdYvkyfíawmh&ygonf/ okdYaomf pmudkonftwkdif; zwfonfxufpmvQif aqmif½GufzG,fwpfckck
ay;xm;vQifykdaumif;rnfjzpfonf/

4 (1) vkd&if;&Smaom ar;cGef;rsm; 4.1

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'f\ t"du qkdvkd&if;udk
1/ zwfpmykd'fudk zwfí ajzEkdifaomar;cGef; 1ck 2ck okdYr[kwf 3 ausmif;om;rsm;u zwf½I&SmazGap&ef/
ckudk a&;om;jyifqifyg/ ar;cGef;rsm;rSm a,bk,susaom owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;ay:rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk
ar;cGef;rsm;jzpfoihfonf/ pmykd'f\ t"du qkdvkd&if;udk jcHKiHkí ajzqkd&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf? tzGJYvkduf
ajzEkdifaom ar;cGef;rsm;jzpfoihfonf/ ponfjzifh vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk ¤if;ar;cGef;rsm;ajzckdif;yg/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ar;cGef;rsm;a&;om;jyifqifxm;​
&rnf/
4.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsufrsm;udk zwf½I&SmazGNyD; 4 (2) pmydk'fudk tpDtpOfvkdufpDyg
¤if;wkdYudk aMumif;usdK;quf tvdkuf pDpOfap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf? 1/ oifMum;&ef pmykd'fwpfckudk ausmif;om;ta&twGuftvdkufrd
tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/ wÅLqGJyg/ xkdpmudk pmpkrsm;tvkduf? 0gus tvdkuf?
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pDpOfckdif;&rnfhpmom;ukd tydkif;vdkufjzwfNyD; arTyg/
wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf?wpfwGJcsif; okdYr[kwf 2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdpmtydkif;rsm;udk pmydk'f twkdif;jyefjzpf&ef
wpfzGJYcsif;udktwGuf vHkavmufpGm rdwÅLul;NyD; jzwfñSyf pDyg/
jyifqifxm;&rnf/

'Yes please.' Carl took the The flight attendant smiled.

newspaper and looked at his 'Welcome aboard, sir. Would
tickect. 'I'm in seat 5F. you like s newspaper?'
Where's that?'

'It's at the front of the 'I see. Thank you very much.'
plane, sir. On the left there, Carl smiled back at flight
by the window.' attendant.

4 (3) qkdvkd&if;udk &Smjcif; 4.3

1/ pmydk'f\ qkdvkd&if;azmfjycsuf odkY acgif;pOftrSefudk
tjcm; qkdvkd&if;trSm; 2 ck okdYr[kwf 3 ck cefYudk
wGJjyxm;yg (multiple choice ? tajzrSefa½G;yg
yHkpHjzihf)/
2/ oifwef;om;rsm;u pmudk zwfNyD; tajzrSefudk
a½G;cs,f&efjzpfonf/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsufrsm;udk zwf½I&SmazGNyD; ¤if;wkdYudk
aMumif;usdK;quf tvdkuf pDpOfap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf? tzGJYvkduf
ponfjzifh vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pDpOfckdif;&rnfhpmom;ukd wpfOD;csif;
okdYr[kwf? wpfwGJcsif; okdYr[kwf wpfzGJYcsif;udktwGuf
vHkavmufpGm rdwÅLul;NyD; jzwfñSyf jyifqifxm;&rnf/

11
4 (4) tusOf;csKyfrsm; wGJpyfjcif;
1/ pmydk'f wpfydk'fcsif;pD\ tESpfcsKyfudk wkdwkda&;í
oifykef;ay:wGif usyef;pOfxm;yg/
2/ oifwef;om;rsm;udk tcsdefowfrSwfcsufwpfckay;NyD;
pmwpfyk'fvHk;udk zwfcdkif;yg/ xkdYaemufoifwef;om;rsm;​u
pmwpfydk'fpD\ oifhawmfaom tESpfcsKyfrsm;udk
&Smay;&rnf/
4.4
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsufrsm;udk zwf½I&SmazGNyD;
pmykd'f\ t"du qkdvkd&if;tcsuftvufudk azmfxkwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;ay:wGif ay;xm;onfrsm;udk
ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf? tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh
zwf½Ivkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'f tusOf;csKyfrsm; BudKa&;xm;&ef
vkdtyfygonf/

4.5
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsufrsm;udk zwf½I&SmazGNyD;
pmykd'f\ t"du taMumif;t&mrsm;udk azmfxkwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;tm;vHk;u yHktm;vHk;udk
nDwlrQwl jrifEkdif&efvkdonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'fESihf ywfoufaom ½kyfyHkrsm;udk
BudKwifpkaqmif;xm;&ef okdYr[kwf qGJom;xm;&rnf/
4 (5) yHkESifhpmykd'frsm;wGJpyfjcif;
1/ pmykd'fESifhoufqkdifaom ½kyfyHkrsm; a&;qGJyg/ okdYr[kwf
tjcm;ae&mrS pkaqmif;,lyg/ ¤if;yHkrsm;udk
ausmif;om;rsm;tm;ay;yg okdYr[kwf tkyfpkcGJNyD; wpfpkpDudk
wpfpHk a0ay;yg/
Oyrm -
●● Zmwfvrf;wpfckvHk;rS aumufEIwfxm;aom
umwGef;tydkif;i,f
●● pmydk'f wpfykd'fpDESifhoufqkdifaom &kyfyHkrsm;
●● Zmwfvrf; tpydkif;yHk? Zmwfvrf;tv,fyHk ESihf
tqHk;owfyHkrsm; ponfwkdYjzpfEkdifonf/
2/ tcsdefowfrSwfay;NyD; oifwef;om;rsm;u yHkrsm;udk pmyg
tpDtpOftwkdif; a&SYaemufpDpOfap&rnf/
xkdYaemufausmif;om;rsm;u yHkrsm;udkom oHk;NyD; Zmwfvrf;udk
jyefajymjcif;vnf;jyKvkyfEkdifonf/

Last night I was walking

past the shop when I saw a
large dog. The dog barked
loudly at me, so I started
walking quickly. It started
running after me so I
started to run. Luckily, it
was chasing a cat in front
of me.

12
4 (6) acgif;pOfa½G;yg 4.6
1/ oifwef;om;rsm;u zwfpmwpfckudk qkdvkd&if;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsufrsm;udk
tMurf;zsif;od&½Hk (skim read) jcHKzwfyg/ xkdYaemuf zwf½I&SmazGNyD; pmykd'f\ t"du qkdvkdcsufukd
oihfawmfrnfh acgif;pOfrsm;ay;ckdif;yg/ ajzqkd tMuHay; rdrdudk,fykdifpum;vHk;jzihf ajymap&ef/
vmorQacgif;pOfrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm; okdYr[kwf oifykef;ay:rS
2/ pmykd'f\ e*dkacgif;pOfudk ajymjyyg/ rnfhonhf
zwf½Iaqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/
tMuHay;csufu teD;pyfqHk;jzpfygovJ/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'f\acgif;pOfudk
þvkyfief;pOfudk ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfa,mufwJGjzpfap azsmufNyD; rdwÅLul; okdYr[kwf
tkyfpkvkdufjzpfap wJGckdif;NyD;vkyfEkdifonf/ yd&rpf v
​ kyfief;pOf[k​ oifykef;ay:wGifBudKa&;xm;​&rnf/
ac:aomyHkpHESifhvkyfEkdifonf/
yd&rpfvkyfief;pOf (Pyramid Activity)

1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDu pmykd'fudk rdrdbmom skim read

zwfNyD;acgif;pOfudk pOf;pm;xm;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
2/ xkdYaemuf tjcm;wpfOD;ESifhwJGí ESpfOD;oabmwlonhf twef;wGif; avQmufoGm;NyD; ESpfOD;wGJ&ef
acgif;pOfa½G;yg/ tzGJUzGJUajymqkdaqG;aEG;Ekdif&efvkdtyfonf/
3/ xkdYaemuf tjcm;twGJESifh xyfaygif;yg/
av;a,mufwpfzGJYjzpfoGm;onfhtcg xyfrHaqG;aEG;NyD;
tm;vHk;oabmwl acgif;pOfwpfcka½G;yg/
4/ xkdav;a,muftzGJYESpfzGJYxyfaygif;NyD; &Spfa,muftzGJYwGif;
acgif;pOf a½G;vkdufyg/
5/ xkdYaemuf twef; wpfwef;vHk;taeESifh acgif;pOfwpfck
a½G;cs,fyg/

4 (7) uGufvyfjznhf&if; pmzwfjcif;

pmydk'fwGif;rS t"dua0g[m&rsm;udk uGufvyfxm;
azsmufxm;NyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u zwf&rnf/ xkdYaemuf
4.7
uGufvyfrsm;twGif; rnfonfhpum;vHk;rsm;u oifhawmfrnfukd
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'fudk
pOf;pm;&SmazG&rnf/
tao;pdwfzwfNyD; t"du a0g[m&rsm;udk &SmazG&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm; ●● ydkrkdvG,fulap&ef tajzpum;vHk;rsm;udk
rS zwf½Iaqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/ tpDtpOftwkdif;r[kwfbJ a&marTNyD; ay;xm;Ekdifonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / t"dua0g[m&rsm;azsmufxm;aom ●● okdYr[kwf uGufvyfwGif tptu©&mudk
pmykd'fwpfykd'f jyifxm;&rnf/ azmfjyxm;Ekdifonf/
þvkyfief;pOfudk tydkif; 2 rS a0g[m&rsm;BudKwifoifMum;&ef
vkyfief;pOfrsm;teuf wpfckwGif wGJtoHk;jyKEkdifonf/

13
4 (8) aysmufuG,foGm;aom pmvHk;rsm;
1/ oifykef;ay:wGif pmwpfykd'fa&;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk
qkdygap/ 4.8
2/ pmydk'frS pmvHk;tcsdKU (10 yHk 1yHkcefY) udkzsufvkdufNyD;xyf &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'fudk tvGwfrSwfNyD;
qkdckdif;yg/ jyefzwfjy&ef/
3/ pmvHk;tcsdKUudk txufygtwkdif; xyfzsufNyD; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm; r​ S
xyfqkdcdkif;yg/ zwf½Iaqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ ¤if;twdkif; pmykd'fwpfckvHk;aysmufoGm;onftxd zsufNyD; BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / t"dua0g[m&rsm;azsmufNyD;
qkdckdif;aeyg/ uGufvyfxm;xm;aom pmykd'fwpfykd'f jyifxm;&rnf/
5/ ,ckrl ausmif;om;rsm; pmykd'fwpfckvHk;udk
tvGwfqkdjyap&rnf
Ko Ko needs to get to
school by 8.30 and now it’s 8.00. He’s
brushed his teeth but he hasn’t got dressed yet. He’s
Ko Ko    to get school by
done his homework - he did it last night - but he hasn’t
8:30 and      8:00. He's
packed his bag. His little brother is still asleep.
brushed   teeth but
He hasn’t woken him up yet.
he   got    yet. He   his
homework - he did   last  ,
but he hasn't   his bag. His
little is still asleep.
hasn't   him up yet.

4.9
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'fudk
tao;pdwfzwfNyD; vkdtyfaom
tcsuftvufrsm;udk ar;jref;&ef ar;cGef;rsm;
a&;om;&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ESpfOD;wGJpDaqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'fwpfykd'fudk yHkpHESpfrsdK;ESihf
a&;om;jyifqif rdwÅLqGJxm;&ef vkdtyfygonf/
4 (9) twGJtpyfuGufvyfjznfh
1/ pmykd'fwpfckwnf;udk ESpf½Guf jyifqif&rnfjzpfonf/ pm½Guf
atESifhbD [kjzpfNyD; ta&;BuD; tcsufrsm;jznfh&ef
uGufvyfrsm;yg&Sd&rnf/ okdYaomf pm½Guf at rS
uGufvyfjzpfaeonfh tcsufESifh bDrS uGufvyfwkdYrwl&yg/
xkdenf;jzihf atwGif rygaom tajzu bDwGif&SdNyD; bDwGif r&Sdaom
tajzrSm atwGif ygrnfjzpfonf/
2/ oifwef;om;rsm;ESpfOD;pDwGJay;NyD; wpfOD;udk pm½Gufatay;yg/
usefwpfOD;udk pm½GufbD ay;yg/
3/ oifwef;om; atESifhbDwkdYrSm tcsif;csif; tvSnfhus tar;tajz
jyKvkyfvsuf rdrdwkdY\ pmykd'frsm;rS uGufvyfrsm;udk
jznhf&rnfjzpfonf/

Text A: Text B:
Kofi Annan was Secretary-General of the Kofi Annan was Secretary-General of
United Nations. He comes from Ghana, the United Nations. He comes from
Africa. His name, Kofi, means _______, Africa. His name, Kofi,
_________________________. means 'born on a Friday'.

What does Kofi mean? Where is Kofi Annan from?

14
 4 (10) tcsif;csif; oifMum;jcif;
1/ oifwef;om;rsm;udk 3 a,mufrS 6a,muf
tzGJUrsm;zGJUay;yg/ wpfzGJUpDudk pmykd'fwpfckvHk;\
aumufEkwfcsuf wpfydkif;pDjzwfíay;yg/
2/ wpfzGJUpDu rdrdwkdY&aom tydkif;rS taMumif;t&mudk
twef;om;rsm;udk jyefvnf&Sif;jy&ef jyifqif&rnf/
pmygpum;vHk;rsm;twdkif; zwfjyír&yg/ rdrdwkdYudk,fykdif
pum;vHk;rsm;ESifh &Sif;jy&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ xkdYaemufpmykd'ftpOftwdkif; tydkif;vkdufrsm;udk
wpfzGJUcsif;u wpfwef;vHk;udk jyef&Sif;jy&rnf/
cufcJonfh pmydk'frsm;twGufrl rdcifbmompum;ESifh
&Sif;jyapoihfygonf/
4.11
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'f trsdK;rsdK;udk
tao;pdwfzwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / eH&Hrsm;wGifywfywfvnf uyfxm;aom
pmykd'frsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u tcef;ywfvnf
oGm;vm&if; vkdufzwfEkdif&ef vkdtyfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / eH&Hrsm;ay:wGif pmykd'f 3 ckrS 6ck
txd uyfxm;NyD; wpfykd'fpDtwGuf
ar;cGef;rsm;jyifqifxm;&ef vkdtyfonf/
b.
d asjfbqf dgre we qey
i 78 rg yj ee d sa w rfr e r 1qw
a.
d FGD G J J dge r lk .,mnbhj,,
rer po jsdbdf w y sd jtyj yuk
d asjfbqf dgre we qey i 78 rg yj ee d sa w rfr e ykr lkp oi hre rhjk w pt hrtjwtyj
adsflk k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjf t
c.
asjfbqf dgre we qey i 78 rg yj
ee fdw er yyt rt yul lkio i adsflk k[wept[
rgerg jhk FGD G J J dge r lk .,mnbhj,,
rer po jsdbdf w y sd fhdaswrth w tehth
h 897 b doanw k g ds ujk m lfmr,jpf
dkgmflh fkfkg,, kk kk l,,lll df sh
4.10
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'frS vkd&if;
tcsufrsm;udk zwfNyD; ¤if;wkdYudk rdrdwkdY
ukd,fykdifpum;vHk;rsm;oHk;NyD; jyefajym&efjzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tzGJYvkduf jyifqifMuNyD;
wpfwef;vHk;udk jyefvnfwifjy&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pm&Snfwpfyk'fudk tzGJUta&twGuftvkduf
tydkif;ykdif;jzwfxm;&ef vkdygonf/
4 (11) tcef;ywfvnfrS pmrsm;
1/ zwfpmydk'f 3 ckrS 6 ck txda½G;cs,fNyD; eHygwfwyfxm;yg/
¤if;pmrsm;rSm acgif;pOfwpfckwnf;atmufrSvnf;jzpfEkdifovkd
taMumif;t&mpHkpmydk'ftrsdK;rsdK; udkvnf;a½G;Edkifonf/
¤if;pmykd'frsm;udk tcef;wGif; eH&Hrsm;ay:wGif uyfxm;yg/
2/ pmykd'fwpfckpDtwGuf ar;cGef;ESpfckrS av;cktxd
a&;om;jyifqifyg/ pmykd'f tm;vHk;\ ar;cGef;rsm;udk
a&marTvkdufNyD; oifykef;ay:wGifa&;jcif;okdYr[kwf
avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm;wGif a&;NyD; ausmif;om;rsm;udk
ay;jcif;jyKyg/
3/ xkdYaemufausmif;om;rsm;u tcef;ywfvnfudk
avQmufoGm;&NyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqkd&rnf/
rnfonfhpmykd'fu tajz&cJhonfudkvnf; eHygwf
rSwfom;&rnf jzpfonf/
þoifcef;pmudk tkyfpkvkdufvkyfief;pOftaeESifh oHk;Ekdifonf/
tajzrSeftrsm;qHk;trSefqHk;&&Sdaom tzGJUudk
d.
asjfbqwrth w tehth
h htr k sef yuk ykr lkp oi
qkcsjcif;vkyfEkdifonf/
hre rhjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt
yul lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[
rgerg jhk897 b doanw k g
ds ujk m lfmr,jpf dkgmflh

Question Text
jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhj h i h4 fh ytjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy fkfkg,, kk kk l,,lll df sh
yul lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[f t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[ rgerg jhk897
adsflk k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjk w pt b doanw k g ds ujk m lfmr,
hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio

Where did the cow live?

iuy adsflk k[wept[ rgerg jhk897 b doanw k g ds ujk m lfmr,

How many eggs do emus

lay?
What is the capital of
Fiji?
Why was the calf angry?

4 (12) pmwpfyk'fpD cJGxkwfjcif; 4.12

1/ oifwef;om; wpfOD;pDukd (ESpfOD;wGJudk okdYr[kwf tzGJUwpfzGJUudk) pmESpfyk'fudk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
,Sufía&;xm;aom pm½Gufwpf½GufpDay;yg/ (pmykd'f 1 rS pmtenf;i,f? qkdvkd&if; tcsufrsm;udk zwfNyD;
xkdYaemuf pmykd'f 2 rS pmtenf;i,f? xkdYaemuf pmykd'f 1 rS pmtenf;i,f? pmykd'f\ tpdwftydkif;rsm;udk
NyD;aemufpmykd'f 2 rS pmjyefa&; ponfjzihf ,uúef;,ufouJhokdYa&ma&;jcif;jzpf ae&mcsay;&ef
onf/) xkdokdY a&marT&mwGif oifwef;om;rsm; uRrf;usifrIay:rlwnfNyD; pmydk'f owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
wpfykd'fcsif; a&ma&;xm;jcif;vkyfEkdifovkd 0guswaMumif;pD ,SufNyD; a&;om; avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm;oHk;í
xm;jcif;txdygjyKvkyfEkdifonf/ aqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/
2/ a&mxm;onfhpmrsm;udk rnfonhfpmaMumif;pmykd'fu b,fwpfyk'frS BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmESpfyk'fudk
vmonfjzpfaMumif; oifwef;om;rsm;u zwf½I&SmazG&efjzpfonf/ tpDtpOfvdkuf ,SOfa&;xm;aom​
3/ a&mxm;onfh pmaMumif;rsm; pmykd'frsm;udk rlvtwkdif; avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm;jyifxm;&ef
pmESpfyk'fjyefjzpfoGm;atmifcJGjcm;a&;om;ckdif;jcif;vnf;jyKvkyfEkdifonf/ vkdonf/

15
5/ pmzwfuRrf;usifrI twGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;
pmwpfyk'fwGif;rS taMumif;t&mrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm; em;vnfatmif zwf½I&mwGif taxmuftul jyKEkdifonfh
t"dyÜg,fem;vnfa&;OD;pm;ay; avhusihfcef;rsm;udk þtydkif;wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/
þavhusihfcef;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;rsm;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrIrsm;pGmay;í avhusihfapaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;jzpfMuonf/
em;axmifNyD; t"dyÜg,fem;vnfa&;udkom OD;pm;ay;avhusihfaom avhusihfcef;rsm;vnf;jzpfonf/
zwf&rnfhpmwGifbmygonfudkom tm½HkpkdufNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;xHrS udk,fykdiftjrifrsm;jzihf ajymqkdwHkYjyefjcif;udk qGJxkwfjcif;r&Sd/
pmudkzwf½I em;vnfonf\ tjcm;zufudk oGm;&efrBudK;pm;xm;yg/ xkdokdY BudK;pm;xm;aom ^xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrItvGef​
avQmhxm;aom avhusifhcef;rsm;udkrSm oifcef;pmaemufydkif;avhusihfcef;rsm;omjzpfoihfygonf/ tcsdKYOyrmrsm;udk tydkif; (10) ü
awGY&SdEkdifygonf/ zwf&rnhfpmwGifygaom bmompum;twGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;udkrl a0g[m&OD;pm;ay;tydkif;?
o'´gOD;pm;ay;tydkif;? toHxGufOD;pm;ay;tydkif; ponfjzihf tydkif; 11 rS 13 wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/

5 (1) em;vnfjcif;ppfaq;aom tar;tajzrsm; 5.1

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;
zwfpmykd'fwpfckrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk ar;jref;xm;aom ar;cGef;rsm;jyifqifyg/ pmykd'fukd tao;pdwf em;vnfrvnf
xkdYaemuf ausmif;om;rsm;udk ¤if;ar;cGef;rsm;ajzckdif;yg/ em;vnfjcif;ppfar;aom ppfaq;Ekdif&ef/
tar;tajzrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh ar;cGef;rsm;twGuf tajztm;vHk;onfpmykd'ftwGif; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
wGif&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;\ tawG;tjrifudk azmfxkwfaom ar;cGef;rsm; avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm;oHk;í aqmif½Guf
udkrl oifcef;pm\aemufykdif; aemufqufwGJvkyfief;pOfrsm;wGifom ar;oihfonf &rnf? okdYr[kwf oifykef;ay:rS
Oyrmar;cGef;rsm;rSm - ar;cGef;rsm;oHk;í aqmif½Guf&
Wh- questions - rnfjzpfonf/
What do sharks eat? Mostly smaller fish (þ tajzudk pmykd'fxJwGifawGYEkdifrSom ar;cGef;udk ar;oihfygonf/)
Are you afraid of sharks? (þar;cGef;rSm em;vnfjcif;ppfaq;jcif;r[kwfaomaMumihf ,ck
rar;oihfao;yg/ ,ckuJhokdY ausmif;om;udk ay;xm;onfhpmxuf
ydkajymckdif;aom wenf;tm;jzihfqkdaomf (open) jzpfaom
ar;cGef;rsm;udk oifcef;pmaemufykdif;wGifom ar;oifhygonf/)
Yes/no questions -
(þar;cGef;rsm;twGufrl tcsuftvufrsm;ykdajz&atmifar;oihfonf/)
Oyrm -

Was Thida afraid of the shark? (þar;cGef;rSmvG,fvGef;onf/)

Was Thida afraid of the shark? (þar;cGef;twGufrl ausmif;om;udk ykdpOf;pm;apNyD;
Why or Why not? pmukdtenf;i,fykdzwfaponf/)

5.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm; pmykd'fukd
tao;pdwfem;vnfrvnf ppfaq;Ekdif&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
avhusihfcef;pm½Gufrsm;oHk;í okdYr[kwf oifykef;ukdrS
zwfíaqmif½Guf&rnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / rSefrSm;a½G;&ef pmaMumif;rsm;
BudKwifa&;om;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/
5 (2) rSm;^rSefa½G;yg
1/ zwfpmydk'fwGif;rS taMumif;t&mrsm;twGuf
ajymqkdcsuftrSeftcsdKUESifh rSm;,Gif;aom azmfjycsuftcsdKUudk
a&;om;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u txufyg pmaMumif;rSm; rSefonf
rSm;onfudk cJGjcm;ajymqkdyg/
3/ azmfjycsufrSm;,Gif;u trSefjyefjyifa&;&rnfjzpfonf/
Oyrm - Mao Tse-Tung was the leader of the USSR.
False. He was the leader of China.

16
5 (3) zwfpm ÓPfprf; 5.3
1/ oifwef;om;rsm;u ay;xm;onfh pmykd'ftwGuf tydwf &nf½G,fcsuf/ / zwf&onfh pmay:wGifrSD;í
ar;cGef;rsm;pOf;pm;&rnf (qkdvkdonfrSm ar;cGef;twGuf tajzonf tar;tajzrsm; pOf;pm;a&;om; Mu&ef/
wpfrsdK;wnf;&Sd&rnfjzpfonf rdrdar;cGef;twGuf tajzudk rdrdbmom owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u wpfOD;pD?
od&rnfjzpfonf )/ ESpfOD;wGJpD? tzGJYvkdufponfjzihf
2/ xkdYaemuf oifwef;om;tcsif;csif; tar;tajzjyKvkyfNyD; tajzrSefrrSef vkyfaqmif&rnf/
wkdufppfMurnfjzpfonf/
þvkyfief;pOfudk wpfOD;csif;vkyfEkdifonf/ okdYaomf ESpfOD;wGJ^tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifjcif;u ydkaumif;onf/ tzGJUvkduf NydKifyJG
toGifESifhvnf; vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/ Oyrm wpfzGJUudk ar;cGef;oHk;ckpDar;MuNyD; trSefqHk;ajzEkdifaom tzGJU Ekdifonfpojzihf/

5.4 5 (4) tusOf;csKyf

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tao;pdwfzwfNyD;
ta&;ygaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk jyefvnf
a&;om;azmfjy&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf?
tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh zwf½Ivkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/
1/ usmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdYudk,fykdifpum;vHk;rsm;ESifh zwfpm\
twkdcsKyfudk tusOf; a&;om;&rnf/
2/ a&;om;NyD;aemuf rlv zwfpmrS ta&;BuD;onhf
t"dutcsufrsm;udk xnfhoGif;a&;om;xm;jcif;&Sdr&Sd ppfaq;
Munfh½Iyg/

5 (5) taMumif;t&mwkdYudk
yHkpHajymif;wifjyjcif;
5.5
ausmif;om;rsm;udk pmzwfapNyD; ¤if;pmxJrS taMumif;t&m &nf½G,fcsuf/ / zwfpmrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk
tcsuftvufwkdYudk aemufyHkpHwpfrsdK;jzifhwifjyckdif;&rnf​ yHkpHuGJtrsdK;rsdK;ESihf jyefvnf wifjy&ef/
jzpfonf/yHkpHwpfrsdK;jyefwifjy&mwGif atmufygwkdYtwkdif; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf?
jzpfEkdifonf/ tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh zwf½Ivkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/
●● zwfpmxJrS taMumif;t&mudk
o½kyfazmfyHkqJGíwifjyjcif;

A high school for Smallsway

March 2010
Smallway is a pretty little town 10 km
from Bigville. Smallway is small - it has
one main street with a shop, a clinic and
a primary school.
Unfortunately, there is no high school
there, so the students have to catch a bus
to Bigville High School. The parents want
a high school as there are more and more
school-age children. Last year 25 students
●● ajryHkjyefqGJjyjcif; graduated from the primary school. In 2005
there were 14 graduates, and in 2000 there
were just 6. The first year the school
Smallsway opened, in 1995, only one student
graduated.
primary clinic Last October, a group of parents held a
shop
school meeting to discuss how they can get a high
school. They have arranged to meet the
Main Street District Education Committee next month.
to Bigville (10 km)

17
 ●● tcsuftvufwkdYudk Z,m;uGufwGif;xnhfjcif; ●● *&yfrsOf;rsm;qGJom;jcif;
Year Number of Graduates
1995 1
2000 6
●● uAsmzGJUjcif; tcsuftvuf taMumif;t&mwkdYudk
oDcsif;pyfqkdjcif;
2005 14
2009 25

●● tcsdefrsOf;qGJom;jcif; 25 students graduate

6 students October - parents'
14 students
graduate meeting
graduate
school opens April - planned meeting
1 student graduates with District Education
Committe

1995 2000 2005 2010

5 (6) tcsuftvufrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcif; 5.6

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / zwfpmrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk
ausmif;om;rsm;u pmudk zwftNyD;wGif pmwGifygaom qkdvkdcsufrsm; rsdK;wl&m wl&m pkpnf;&ef/
tcsuftvufrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cJGjcm;NyD;wl&mpkay;&ef jzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD?
Oyrm - ESpfOD;wGJvkduf? tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh zwf½I​
●● pmwGifazmfjyxm;aom t&mtrsdK;rsdK;udk trsdK;tpm;cJGjyjcif; vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnf jzpfonf/

Mammals Birds Reptiles Insects Other

human eagle crocodile mosquito shark
bear snake

●● pmwGifazmfjyxm;aom tcsuftvuftrsdK;rsdK;

How to get to Sagaing

How often? How much? where from? How long?
bus every 20 minutes 1200 kyat bus station 11/2 hours
car when you want 5-10,000 kyat where you want 40 minutes
train 3 times a day 2000 kyat train station 2 hours
boat occasionally 800 kyat river 2-3 hours

●● pmwGifazmfjyxm;aom xifjrifcsuf^ajymqkdcsuf trsdK;rsdK;

statements for the war in Iraq statements against the war in Iraq
- We need to help Iraqis free their country - The war has killed too many civilians
- We had to remove Saddam Hussein - The US has no right to invade another
country

18

5.7
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / zwfpmrS tcsuftvufrsm;udk
tpDtpOfvkduf pD&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf?
tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh zwf½Ivkyfaqmifckdif;&​ r​ nf
jzpfonf/
5 (8) ar;cGef;&Smyg
1/ pmudkzwfNyD;aemuf pmygtaMumif;t&mrsm;twGuf
tajzrsm;ESifh ar;cGef;rsm;pDpOfyg/
tajzrsm;rSm -
ar;cGef;wpfcGef;ESpfcGef;rQcefYom tqifajyrnfhyHkpH
jyifqifEkdifonf/ (closed)
Oyrm -
Answer : His name was Lucky.
Questions: What was the cowboy's name?
ar;cGef;tawmfrsm;rsm;ESihf tqifajyrnfh
yHkpHvnf;jyifqifEkdifonf/ (Open)
Oyrm –
Answer: A cowboy.
Questions: Who was lucky?
What was lucky' job?
What is the story about?
2/ xkdYaemufausmif;om;rsm;u ay;xm;aomtajzrsm;&&ef
ar;&rnfh ar;cGef;trSefrsm;udk &SmazG&efjzpfonf/
5 (7) tcsuftvufrsm;udktpDtpOfvkdufpDjcif;
oifwef;om;rsm;u pmzwfNyD;aemuf pmwGifygaom
tcsuftvufrsm;udk tpDtpOftvkdufpDay;&efjzpfonf/
●● tcsdef^aeYpGJtvkdufpDpOfjcif;
●● tBudrfta&twGuftvkdufpDjcif;
●● tenf;qHk;rS trsm;qHk; okdYr[kwf tpOfvkdufpDjcif; ​​
(Oyrm - taES;qHk;rS tjrefqHk;okdY? vlBudKuftenf;qHk;rS
vlBudKuftrsm;qHk;? trSwftenf;qHk;rS trSwftrsm;qHk;)/
5.8
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmudk tao;pdwfzwf½INyD;
tcsuftvufrsm;udk rnfokdY ar;jref;&efudk jyifqifap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJvkduf?
tzGJYvkduf ponfjzifh zwf½Ivkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / zwfpmtwGuf tar;tajzrsm;
a&;om;jyifqif&ef vkdygonf/
A cowboy called Lucky
A long time ago a baby boy was
born in the Wild West. His
parents were poor, but they
worked hard on their small farm.
19
 em;axmifjcif;pGrf;&nftwGuf avhusihfcef;rsm;
listening text wpfck cif;usif;ay;jcif; em;axmifjcif; avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
þtydkif;wGif listening text wpfck cif;usif;ay;jcif; twGufvkyfief;pOfrsm;ESihf em;axmifjcif; pGrf;&nftwGuf avhusihfcef;
vkyfief;pOfrsm; yg0ifygonf/

input
receptive
reading listening

productive writing speaking output

graphic oral/aural

em;axmifjcif;onf pmzwfjcif;uJhokdYyif em,lod&SdEkdifjcif; uRrf;usifrIwpfckjzpfonf/ zwfpmwpfckudk cif;usifwifjyjcif;​

avhusihfcef;rsm;ESifh pmzwfuRrf;usifrItwGufavhusihfcef;rsm;udkvnf; em;axmifjcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;tjzpf aumif;pGmajymif;vJ
toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ xkdokdYajymif;vJtoHk;jyKEkdifaom avhusihfcef;rsm;udk tydkif;wpfykdif;pD\tpykdif;rsm;wGif pm&if;azmfjyxm;ygrnf/
4 (3) qkdvkd&if;udk &Smjcif;/ / ¤if;udk em;axmifjcif;tjzpfajymif;vJtoHk;jyKygu t"du qkdkvkd&if;azmfjycsuf ESpfckoHk;ckudk
oifykef;ay:wGif oifwef;om;rsm;a½G;cs,fEkdif&efa&;xm;yg/ xkdYaemuf pmwpfykd'fudk em;axmifapNyD; ¤if;pmydk'f\qkdvkd&if;udk
oifykef;rS a½G;cs,fckdif;yg/
5 (5) taMumif;t&mwkdYudk yHkpHajymif;wifjyjcif;/ / ¤if;udk em;axmifjcif;avhusihfcef;tjzpf toHk;jyKygu ausmif;om;rsm;udk
pmwpfykd'fudk zwf½IokdYr[kwf em;axmifNyD; ygaom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk tjcm;yHkpHwpfrsdK;jzifh jyefvnfwifjy&efjzpfonf/
pmzwfjcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm;[laom tykdif;uJhokdYyif? þtydkif;udk tydkif;i,fESpfykdif;jyefcGJxm;ygonf/ em;axmif&ef pmom;wpfck
(listening text wpfck) udk pwifcif;usif;wifjyjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm;udk pwifem;axmifckdif;&müoHk;aom vkyfief;pOfrsm;?
enf;vrf;rsm;) ESifh em;axmifjcif;avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm; (em;axmif&ef pmydk'füygaom t"dutaMumif;t&mrsm;?
bmompum;rsm;udk em;vnfatmif pDpOfxm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;) [lí ESpfydkif;cJGxm;jcif;jzpfonf/

bmudk em;axmif&rvJ (em;axmifjcif;avhusihf&ef pma½G;cs,fjcif;)

axmufulypönf;^&if;jrpf enf;yg;aom ae&mrsm;twGufqkdvQif em;axmifjcif;rSm oifMum;&efa&moif,l&efyg cufcJEkdifonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;taeESifh t*Fvdyfpum;ajymoH ppfppfudk ¤if;EkdifiHom;avoHtwkdif; em;axmif&&efjzpfap? toHk;jyK&efjzpfap
tcGifhta&;odyfr&Sdjcif;udk qkdvkdonf/
rdrd\oifwef;om;rsm;t*Fvdyfpm tqifhESifh udkufnD tqifajyaom t&mudk a½G;cs,fem;axmifckdif;&efrSm
tvGefta&;MuD;onf/ pmzwfavhusihf&ef zwfpma½G;cs,fonfxufykd ta&;MuD;onf/ tu,fí ausmif;om;rsm;tzkdYcufcJaom
listening text rsm;om &Ekdifygu vkyfief;aqmifwmrsm; avhusihfcef;rsm;udk vG,ful&kd;&Sif;onfrsm;om xm;oihfygonf/

tu,fí rdrdwGif uufquf?pD'D ponfhpufrsm;r&Sdyguvnf; rdrdudk,fwkdifzwfjyNyD;em;axmifckdif;Edkifovkd

ausmif;om;wpfOD;OD;udk zwfjyckdif;jcif;rsdK;vnf;vkyfEkdifonf/ rdrd\ toHxGufponfh bmompum;uRrf;usifrIrSm
odyfaumif;vSonf r[kwf[k xifvQifvnf;jyóemr[kwfyg/ rdrdausmif;om;rsm;ESifh xdawGUajymqkdqufqHolrsm;rSmvnf;
tqifhjrifhuRrf;usifolrsm;r[kwfay/

20
6/ em;axmifjcif;avhusihfcef;wpfckudk pwifcif;usif;jcif;
rsm;aomtm;jzihf q&mrsm;onf pmwpfckckudk pwifem;axmifap&mü uufquf? pD'DponfwkdYzGihfjyjcif;? okdYr[kwf
em;axmif&efpmudk rdrdudk,fwkdifzwfjyjcif;wkdYjyKvkyfwwfMuonf/
atmufygtydkif;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;pwifem;axmifcsdefwGif rnfokdYvkyfief;pOfrsm;jyKvkyfEkdifonfudk azmfjyxm;ygonf/
tydkif;4 (zwfpmwpfck cif;usif;wifjyjcif;rsm;) wGif ygaom vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm
em;axmifjcif;twGufvnf; aumif;pGm toHk;jyKEkdifonfjzpfonf/
4.1 ar;cGef;rsm;udk tm&kHpdkufjcif; 4.5 &kyfyHkrsm;udk pmydk'frsm;ESifh ,SOfwGJjcif;
4.3 t"du taMumif;t&mrsm;udk owfrSwfazmfjyjcif; 4.6 acgif;pOfa&G;cs,fjcif;
4.4 tusOf;csKyfrsm;udk EdSKif;,SOfjcif;

6 (1) tajctae tcif;tusif;udk

6.1
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pum;ajymqkdaeMuonfh tajctaetcif;
tusif;udkem;axmifazmfxkwf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tqkdyg pum;rsm;udk
aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / em;axmif&rnfh
pum;ajympmom;rsm;udk ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD? okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJ wpfwGJpD? okdYr[kwf wpfzGJYpD twGuf vHkavmufpGm
rdwÅLul;xm;NyD; tydkif;vkduf jzwfñSyfay;xm;&efvkdygonf/
em;axmif azmfxkwfjcif;
pum;ajymqkdjcif;wpfckudk pufjzihf zGihfay;yg/
ausmif;om;rsm;u atmufygwkdYudk em;axmifNyD;
jyefajymjy&efjzpfonf/
●● xkdpum;ajymaeMuonfh ae&m
●● pum;0kdif;wGif vlrnfrQygaMumif;
●● yg0ifajymqkdaeMuonfh vlrsm;\taMumif;rsm;?
usm;jzpfonf? r jzpfonf? toufrnfrQ&SdNyD?
¤if;wkdY\tvkyftukdifrsm;? yHkyef;oP²mefrsm;?
pojzifh em;axmifajymqkdjy&efjzpfonf/

6 (2) pmwpfydk'fudk em;axmifNyD;

tpOfvkdufjyefpDjcif;
1/ em;axmif&rnfh pmykd'fudk oifwef;om; ta&twGuftvkduf
(ESpfOD;wGJ tkyfpkvkdufpojzihf vkyfaqmifapvkdyguvnf;
twGJta&twGuf tkyfpkta&twGuftvkduf) rdwÅLul;yg/
xkdYaemuf ¤if;pmykd'fudk pum;pktydkif;ydkif;rsm;tjzpf
jzwfñSyf&rnf/ okdYr[kwf 0gusrsm;wpfaMumif;jcif; okdYr[kwf
pmydk'fwpfckjcif; jzwfñSyfxkwfNyD;a&marT&rnf/
2/ xkdYaemuf em;axmif&rnfhpmudk uufqufrSzGihfjyjcif;
okdYr[kwf rdrdukd,fwkdifzwfjyjcif;jyKyg/ ausmif;om;rsm;u
em;axmifí ay;xm;aom tydkif;tprsm;udk
tpDtpOfvkdufjyefpD&rnfjzpfonf/
þavhusihfcef;rSm pum;pjrnfajymqkdjcif;rsm; (conversation )
ESifh ydkrkdaumif;pGmoifhawmfonf/ p​ um;ajymol wpfOD;jcif;pD\
pum;udk wpfcg ajymwkdif;wpfckñSyfxm;umjyefpDckdif;Edkifonf/
oDcsif;rsm;ESihfvnf; aumif;pGmoihfawmfrnfh avhusihfcef;jzpfonf/
6.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / vkd&if;tcsuftvufrsm;udk
vkdufem;axmifNyD; pmom;rsm;udk tpDtpOfvkdufpD&ef
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tqkdygpmom;udk
aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmom;rsm;udk
ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD? okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wGJ wpfwGJpD?
okdYr[kwf wpfzGJYpD twGuf vHkavmufpGmrdwÅLul;xm;NyD;
tydkif;vkduf jzwfñSyfay;xm;&efvkdygonf/

21
6 (3) pmac:ay;jcif; 6.3
1/ pmwpfyk'fudk tjrefEIef;yHkrSefrQjzihf zwfjy okdYr[kwf &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u em;axmifum
zGihfjyyg/ Mum;&onfwkdYudk vkdufa&;NyD; a&;xm;onfwkdYrSefrrSef
jyefppf&ef/
2/ aemufwpfacgufxyfrHzGifhjy&mwGif
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tqkdygpmom;udk
pum;pkwpfcktNyD;wkdif;okdYr[kwf
aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
0guswpfaMumif;NyD;wkdif; wpfacguf&yfyg/ okdYrSom
ausmif;om;rsm;u vkdufa&;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/
3/ eHygwfESpftwkdif; aemufwpfacgufzGihfjy zwfjyyg/ 6 (4) em;axmif a&;rSwfjcif;
vkdtyfygu aemufxyfwpfBudrfzGifhjyEkdifonf/ xkdYaemuf 1/ pmwpfyk'fudk tjrefEIef;yHkrSefrQjzihf zwfjyokdYr[kwf zGihfjyyg/
rdrdwkdYa&;xm;onfudk jyefppf&ef jyefjyif&ef
2/ aemufwpfacgufxyfrHzGifhjyyg/ pmykd'fwpfckNyD;wkdif;
rdepftenf;i,fay;yg/
wpfcgqkdif;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk em;axmifcJhaom
4/ ¤if;pmykd'fudk oifwef;om;rsm;Munfhygap/ xkdtcg pmwpfykd'fwGif;rS ta&;ygaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk
¤if;wkdYa&;xm;onfESifh wkdufppfNyD; rSefuefrI&Sdr&Sd rSwfom;Ekdifatmif tcsdefay;jcif;jzpfonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;u
udk,fwkdiftrSwfay;Munfhygap? Oyrm pmvHk;aygif;? Mum;&orQ \?onf ra½G;wlatmifra&;&yg/ t"duusaom
pum;vHk;rsm;\aemufqHk;Asnf;rsm;? prepositions tcsuftvufrsm;udkom ukd,hfpum;ESihfukd,f em;vnfovdk
rsm;pojzifh/ rSwfom;&rnf/
6.4 3/ aemufwpfcg xyfwl xyfzwfjy^zGihfjyyg/ vkdtyfygu
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u em;axmifum oHk;Budrfajrmuf xyfzwfjy^zGihfjy yg/
Mum;&onfwkdYudk vkdufa&;NyD; a&;xm;onfwkdYrSefrrSef 4/ pmwpfyk'fvHk;udk ausmif;om;rsm;tm; jyvkdufyg/
jyefppf&ef/ ausmif;om;rsm;ukd rlv pmESihf ¤if;wkdYvufjzpfpmyk'fESihf
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tqkdygpmom;udk EIdif;,SOfygap/ xkdYaemuf t"dyÜg,fwpfrsdK;wnf;udk
aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/ rnfokdYenf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;jzifh a&;om;cJhMuaMumif;
wpfwef;vHk;0kdif;aqG;aEG;yg/
6 (5) trSm; &Smyg
6.5
1/ em;axmif&rnfh pmydk'fudk tcsuftvuftrSm;rsm; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pmom;udk
ajymif;vJa&;csyg/ ¤if;tcsufrSm;rsm;xnfhoGif;a&;om; tao;pdwfem;axmifNyD; tcsufrSm;rsm;udk azmfxkwf&ef/
xm;onfhpmykd'fudk ausmif;om;ta&twGuftvdkuf owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tqkdygpmom;udk
rdwÅLul;NyD;a0yg okdYr[kwf oifykef;ay:wGif aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
a&;jyay;xm;yg/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / zwfjy&efpmykd'fwpfckudk tcsufrSm;tcsdKU
2/ xkdYaemuf pmykd'ftrSefudk zwfjyokdYr[kwf zGihfjyyg/ xnfha&;NyD; jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'ftrSefudk em;axmifNyD;
trSm;rsm;udk &SmazGaxmufjy&rnfjzpfonf/
þavhusihfcef;udk ydkrkdvG,fulap&eftwGuf tcsufrSm;ESihf trSefukd oifykef;ay:wGif xyfrHa&;jyxm;NyD;
trSefa½G;apjcif;jzpfonf/
þvkyfief;pOfukd tykdif;2 a0g[m& BudKwifoifMum;jcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm; wGif yg0ifaom vkyfief;pOf tcsdKUtaemufwGif
uyfvsufaqmif½Guf&ef oifhawmfonf/
Wangari Maathai received the
Nobel Peace Prize in 1904. She
Wangari Maathai received was born in the UK in 1940. She
the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She was born taught history at university,
in Kenya in 1940. She taught biology at university, and joined the International
and joined the National Council of Women of Kenya. Council of Women of Kenya.In
In 1976 she founded the ‘Green Belt’ movement. This 1976 she founded the ‘Green
movement encouraged poor women in Africa Tree’ movement. This movement
to plant 30 million trees. encouraged poor women in America
to plant 30 thousand trees.

22

6.6
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
pmom;udk tao;pdwfem;axmifNyD;
t"dua0g[m&rsm;aygif;xnfh&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
tqkdygpmom;udk aocsm&Sif;vif;yDjyifpGm
Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmykd'frS t"du
a0g[m&rsm;udk uGufvyfcsefNyD;
a&;om;jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
6 (6) em;vnf;axmif&if; uGufvyfjznhfjcif;
1/ t"du a0g[m&rsm;udkcsefí pmwpfyk'fudk zwfjyyg/ ¤if;
a0g[m&rsm;tpm; “wD” [lí xnhfzwfyg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u em;axmifNyD; vkdufa&;&efjzpfonf/ xkdokdYa&;&mwGif
t"dua0g[m&rsm;udk rdrdwkdYbmom tpm;xkd;í a&;om;&efjzpfonf/
ydkrkdvG,fulap&eftwGufrl jznhfa&;&rnfh t"dua0g[m&rsm;udk
oifykef;ay:wGifa&;jyxm;um ausmif;om;rsm;u a½G;xnfh&jcif;rsdK;
jzpfonf/
þvkyfief;pOfukd tykdif; 2 a0g[m& BudKwifoifMum;jcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm;
wGif yg0ifaom vkyfief;pOf tcsdKUtaemufwGif uyfvsufaqmif½Guf&ef
oifhawmfonf/

Bangladesh, one of the

flooded populated disease most wD countries in the world, suffers
drought disaster drowned from frequent natural wD, such as floods,
cyclones, wD , landslides and earthquakes. In 1998
almost 70% of the country was wD , and 30 million
people had to leave their homes. During this time
more than a thousand people wD
or died from wD .

6 (7) ESpfOD;wGJtvkdufpmac:ay;jcif; 6.7

1/ ausmif;om;ESpfOD;wGJu tjyeftvSef pmac:ay;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfOD;pDudk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
pmydk'fwpf0ufpD ay;xm;yg/ wpfOD;pmydk'fudk wpfOD; rjrifap&ao;yg/ ESpfOD;wGJtvdkufwpfOD;ESihf wpfOD;​
tjyeftvSefpmac:ay;NyD;a&;Mu&ef/
2/ yxr ausmif;om;u zwfjypOf 'kwd,ausmif;om;u vkdufa&;&ef jzpfNyD;
owdjyK&ef/ / wpfwef;vHk;u
'kwd,ausmif;om;u zwfjyvSnhfwGif yxrausmif;om;u
ESpfOD;wGJpDpmac:aeMurnfjzpfaom
vkdufa&;&rnfjzpfonf/
aMumifh qlqlnHnHawmhjzpfaernf/
3/ xkdYaemuf ESpfOD;vkH;u rdrdwkdYpmykd'frsm;udk tjyeftvSefjyNyD; vkdufa&;xm;onfrsm; BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmwpfyk'fudk
rSefrrSefjyefppf&rnfjzpfonf/ wpf0ufpD cGJxkwfNyD; wpfOD;udk
pmykd'fudk wpf0ufpDcJG&mwGif yxrydkif;ESihf 'kwd,ykdif;[k a&SUaemufcJGNyD; wpfydkif;pD wpf0ufpD ay;Ekdifatmifjyifxm;&ef​
ay;EkdifouJhokdY tydkif;i,fav;rsm;pGmcGJNyD; tnDtrQcGJay;jcif;rsdK;vnf;jyKvkyfEkdifonf/ vkdonf/

A___________________________________ B. My sister's wedding was a disaster.

____________________________________
so she didn't have enough time to
plan it properly.___________________
There wasn't enough room, so many of
them had to stand outside in the
corridor,___________________________
but nobody brought any extra plates
so people had to wait a long time to
eat.
She decided to get married suddenly, __
______________________________________.
Nevertheless, about 50 of her friends
and relatives came to her
apartment.____________________________
and the neighbours were very annoyed.
My parents had organised the food._____
_______________________________________
____________

23
6 (8) ajy;vTm;ac:ay; pmudka&;jcif;
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfzGJYvQif 10OD;
trsm;qHk;xm;ítkyfpkcGJay;yg/ wpfzGJUvQif
pma&;rnfholwpfOD;owfrSwfyg/
2/ zwf&rnfhpmrsm;udk tvG,fwulvSrf;rzwfEkdifonhf
cyfvSrf;vSrf;wGifuyfxm;yg/
3/ yxrqHk;tzGJY0ifwpfOD;u pmuyfxm;&mokdYajy;oGm;yg/
pmudkzwfí tvGwfrSwfvmNyD; tzGJY&Sd&mokdYjyefvmum pma&;oludk 6.8
rSwfvmonfhpmrsm;ac:ay;&rnf/ pma&;olu yxr &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk pmwpfyk'frS
tajy;orm;ac:ay;onfhpmudk a&;yg/ taMumif;t&mrsm;udk \^onf ra½G;jyefajymap&ef/
4/ a&;NyD;onfhtcg 'kwd, wpfOD;u a&;NyD;onfh ae&mrS owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ajy;vTm;ajymqkdMurnf
xyfzwfírSwfom;um jyefajy;vmNyD; txufygtwdkif; jzpfí qlnHaernfjzpfNyD; tcef;ae&mvnf;
jyefac:ay;&rnf/ us,fus,f0ef;0ef; vkdrnfjzpfonf/
5/ tcsdefowfrSwfcsuf wpfck jynfhonftxd (Oyrm 10rdepf) BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / tzGJU 2 zGJUrS 4 zGJUtxdtwGuf
okdYr[kwf tzGJYwpfzGJYzGJYu pmwpfyk'fvHk;a&;NyD;onfhtxd pmwpfyk'f tenf;qHk;jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
qufoGm;ae&rnf/
6/ xkdYaemuf rdrdwkdY a&;om;NyD;oGm;onfh pm½Gufrsm;udk tzGJY
tcsif;csif; vJvS,fNyD; trSwfjcpfMu&efjzpfonf/
xkdokdYtrSwfay;&ef t½dk;&Sif;tvG,fulqHk;enf;vrf;rSm ae&mrSef
pmvHk;aygif;rSef a&;xm;aom pmwpfvHk;udk
wpfrSwfay;jcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/ punctuation trSm;wpfcktwGuf
wpfrSwfavQmhjcif;rsdK;vnf;vkyfvkdu vkyfEdkifonf/

In 1940, during World War

...saw a chance to free his
Two, the French gave up
country. He created the
control of Vietnam to
League for the Independence
Japan. Ho Chi Minh, the
of Vietnam...
Vietnamese Independence
leader, saw a chance to
free his country. He
created the League for the
Independence of Vietnam,
also called the Vietminh.
The Vietminh began fighting
the Japanese and
successfully resisted the
invasion. On September 2
1945, Ho Chi Minh gave a
speech that announced his
nation's freedom..

24
7/ em;axmifjcif;avhusifhcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm; (xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI
tqihfvdkuf pDpOfxm;jcif;)
þtydkif;rS avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;rsm;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrIrsm;ay;í avhusihfapaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;
jzpfMuonf/ em;axmifNyD; t"dyÜg,fem;vnfa&;udkom OD;pm;ay;avhusihfaom avhusihfcef;rsm;vnf;jzpfonf/
em;axmif&rnfhpmwGifbmygonfudkom tm½HkpkdufNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;xHrS udk,fykdiftjrifrsm;jzihf ajymqkdwHkYjyefjcif;udk
qGJxkwfjcif;r&Sd/ em;axmif&rnfhpmudk em;vnfonf\ tjcm;zufudk oGm;&efrBudK;pm;xm;yg/ xkdokdY BudK;pm;xm;aom^xdef;​
ausmif;uefYowfrItvGefavQmhxm;aom avhusifhcef;rsm;udkrl tydkif; (10) oifcef;pmaemufydkif; avhusihfcef;rsm; üom
awGY&SdEkdifygonf/
tydkif; 5 pmzwfuRrf;usifrItwGufavhusihfcef;rsm; rS avhusihfcef;tm;vHk;udk pmzwfuRrf;usifrItwGufomru
em;axmifjcif;udk avhusihf&eftwGufyg toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
5.1 em;vnfjcif;ppfaq;aom tar;tajzrsm; 5.5 taMumif;t&mwkdYudk yHkpHajymif;wifjyjcif;
5.2 rSm;^rSefa½G;yg 5.6 tcsuftvufrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcif;
5.3 zwfpm ÓPfprf; 5.7 tcsuftvufrsm;udk tpDtpOfvkdufpDjcif;
5.4 tusOf;csKyf

7 (1) topfjyefa&;yg 7.1

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmom;wpfckrS t"du
ausmif;om;rsm;u pmwpfyk'fudk tBudrfa&tenf;i,fcefY
taMumif;t&mrsm;udkom tm½Hkpkdufem;axmifMuap&ef/
em;axmifNyD;onhftcg em;vnfonfhtwkdif;xkdpmydk'fudk
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;csif; ESpfOD;wGJ okdYr[kwf
jyefa&;&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;tzkdYydkrdkvG,fulap&ef
tzGJYvkduf vkyfaqmifEkdif&efvkdonf/
●● t"duusaom pum;vHk; a0g[m&rsm;
pum;pkrsm;ponfwkdYudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;jyxm;jcif;
●● pum;vufqHkajymqkdjcif;jzpfygu ajymolwpfOD;\pum;rsm;udk a&;jyxm;NyD; aemufwpfOD;\ pum;rsm;udkom
ausmif;om;rsm;udk vkdufa&;apjcif; wkdYjyKvkyfEkdifygonf/

7 (2) ta&maESmrSm twGJ&Sm

1/ em;axmif&rnfh pmyk'fxJrS 0gusrsm;udk ESpfjcrf;cGJNyD; 7.2
pm½Gufydkif;av;rsm;ay:wGifa&;í ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk wpfjcrf;pDay;yg/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmom;wpfckrS
2/ xkdYaemuf pmom;udk wpfBudrf okdYr[kwf ESpfBudrf zGihfjy okdYr[kwf zwfjyyg/ tao;pdwf tcsuftvufrsm;udk
ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrd 0gus\aemufwpfjcrf;wGif bma&;xm;rnfudk tm½Hkpkduf em;axmif Muap&ef/
em;axmifrSwfom;&rnfjzpfonf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; twef;
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;xJwGif avQmufoGm;NyD; rdrd\ tjcrf;rSefudk wGif;oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
vkdufvH&SmazG&efjzpfonf/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ /
em;axmif&efpmom;rsm;xJrS 0gusrsm;udk
em;axmif&rnfhpmom;xJrS 0gusrsm;tm;vHk;oHk;vkdufonfqkdygu wpf0ufpDjzwfNyD; ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDudk
xyfrHaqmif½GufEkdifonfh vkyfief;pOfwpfck&Sdao;onf/ ¤if;rSm wpfykdif;pD&Ekdif&ef pDpOfxm;&rnf/
qufpyf&&Sdxm;aom 0gusrsm;udk tpDtpOfvkduf jyefpDckdif;jcif;jzpfonf/

Some cats make good

house pets, but Some cats make others are
good house pets, but too wild.
Rats can
spread disease,

25
7 (3) o½kyfaqmif&atmif
1/ pum;ajymqkdjcif;wpfckudk em;axmifNyD;onfhtcg
ausmif;om;rsm;udk ¤if;pum;ajymZmwfñTef;udk ay;zwfyg/
em;axmifcJh&onfh pum;wGif yg0ifaom vlta&twGuftwkdif;
tzGJUcGJvQuf jyifqifygap/
2/ xkdYaemuf em;axmifcJh&aom pum;ajymqkdjcif;twkdif;
tzGJYtwGif;wGif o½kyfaqmifMuap&efjzpfonf/
NyD;vQif tzGJYvkduftwef;a&SUxGufí o½kyfaqmifckdif;jcif;rsdK;vnf;​
jyKvkyfEkdifonf/
26
7.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pum;ajympmom;wpfckrS
tao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;udk tm½HkpkdufMuap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / pum;0kdif;rS ajymqkdol
ta&twGuftvdkuf ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpD
okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / em;axmif&rnfh
pum;ajympmom;rsm;udk rdwÅL ul;xm;&efvkdonf/
 pma&;jcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
þ tydkif;wGifausmif;om;rsm;\ pma&;uRrf;usifrIudk `rSihfwifay;&ef vkyfief;pOfrsm;yg0ifygonf/

input
receptive reading listening

productive writing speaking

output

graphic oral/aural

pma&;jcif;onfudk,fwkdifxkwfoHk; toHk;csEkdifjcif;uRrf;usifrI (productive skill) wpfrsdK;jzpfonf/ bmompum;oifwef;wGif;

rS pma&;jcif;avhusifhcef;qkdvQif Asnf;o& tu©&mav;rsm;udk rSefuefpGma&;ckdif;jcif;rSonf tawG;tjrifrsm;udk
xda&mufpGmpkpnf;NyD; pnf;½Hk;qGJaqmifEdkifaom aqmif;yg; tufaq;rsm;a&;ckdif;jcif;txd uGJjym;jcm;em;rnfjzpfonf/
pma&;[ef a&;enf;trsdK;rsdK;twGuf yHkpHxkwfxm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;pGm&Sdaomfvnf; þtydkif;wGifrl a&;enf;a&;[efrsm;pGm​
ESifhqkdifNyD; uRrf;usifrItqihftrsdK;rsdK;twGuf tqifajyrnfh avhusihfcef;rsm;udkom xnfhoGif;xm;ygonf/
þtykdif;rS avhusifhcef;rsm;udk ausmif;om;ay:xm;aom xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI tqihftvkduf pOfxm;ygonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI rsm;pGmay;xm;aom avhusihfcef;u ausmif;om;udk vkdtyfaom pmrsm;udk tqifoihfay;xm;NyD;
ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdYudk oHk;um trSm;uif;aom pmwpfykd'fa&;Ekdif&efom &nf½G,fonf/ xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI
ykdenf;oGm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;u vkdtyfaom pmtenf;i,fudkawmh ay;xm;NyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdY udk,fykdiftawG;
pum;vHk; udk,fykdif t*Fvdyfpmukd ykdrkd tm;jyKxkwfoHk;&ef tm;ay;onf/
þtykdif;tqHk;wGifrl xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI r&Sdawmhaom avhusihfcef;rsm;yg0ifygonf/ xkdavhusihfcef;rsm;wGif
ausmif;om;rsm;u taMumif;t&mESifh pma&;om;yHkukd rdrdbmom a½G;cs,favhusihf a&;om;jcif;rsdK;jzpfoGm;onf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI tqihftvkdufcGJxm;aom avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOf Oyrm rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; tpOfvkduf
jyxm;ygonf/

oifykef;rS pmudk rdrdtvGwf&aom ay;xm;aom wifjycsufwpfckudk rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif a½G;cs,faom

toHxGuf zwfjcif; oDcsif;udk qkdjcif; pmom;udkoHk;NyD; BudKwifavhusihf jyifqifNyD; taMumif;t&m tay:
o½kyfaqmifjcif; a[majym wifjyjcif; tvGwfoabm pum;ajymqkd
aqG;aEG;jcif

xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI trsm;qHk; (controlled) xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI r&Sd (free)

ausmif;om;rsm;rSm toHk;jyKrnfh bmompum;ESihf tuRrf;w0ifr&Sdao;ygu avhusihfcef;rsm;wGif xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIykdrdk

vkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/ t*FvdyfpmESihf ykdrdk&if;ESD;vmav xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrIudk avQmhcsay;Ekdifavjzpfonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrIr&Sdaom avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm trsm;tm;jzihf pmoifcef;jyify vufawGUb0wGif ajymqkdqufoG,f&mü
vkdtyfaom (real-life) t*Fvdyfpm^pum;rsdK; jzpfwwfygonf/

27
8/ pma&;jcif;avhusihfcef;rsm; - xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rItqihfvkduf
pDpOfxm;jcif;
tpykdif;avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIrsm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuNyD; &nf½G,fxm;aom pm^pum;wkdYESifh
taMumif;rsdK;ukdom avhusihfjcif;jzpfNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;rSm &v'frSef wpfck okdYr[kwf tenf;i,fudkom &&Sdap&ef jzpfonf/
aemufydkif;avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;udk ykdrdkvl;vGefYcGifhay;xm;NyD; tajzrSef rsm;pGmudkcGifhjyKxm;onf/
pma&;avhusihfcef;rsm;twGuf tjcm; tykdif;rsm;rS vkyfief;pOfrsm;udkvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifygao;onf/
5.6 tcsuftvufrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcif; 6.7 ESpfOD;wGJtvkdufpmac:ay;jcif;
6.3 pmac:ay;jcif; 7.1 topfjyefa&;yg
6.4 em;axmifa&;rSwfjcif; 11.15 ukd,hfukd,fukd xnhfa&;yg

8 (1) a&maxG;a&;xm; 0gusrsm;

1/ oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&mESifh ywfoufaom okdYr[kwf
oifMum;rnfh wnfaqmufyHkESihf oufqkdifaom
0gusrsm;pGma&;om;jyifqifyg/ xkdYaemuf
wpfaMumif;pDrS pum;vHk;rsm;udk
a&maxG;arTaESmufvkdufyg/
2/ xkdokdY pum;vHk;rsm; a&maxG;arTaESmufxm;onfh
0gusrsm;udk t"dyÜg,f&Sdaom 0gusrsm;jzpfvmap&ef
pum;vHk;rsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u
jyefpDpOf&efjzpfonf/
8.1
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / a&mxm;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk
e*kd0gustwkdif;jyefjzpfatmif pDpOfap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf
tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / 0gusrsm;a&;om;jyifqifNyD;
pum;vHk;rsm;udk a&marTay;xm;&rnf/

ykdrkduRrf;usifaom ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf xkd0gusrsm;udk

t"dyÜg,f&Sdaom pmykd'fwpfckjzpfonftxd pDpOfckdif;Ekdifonf/

8 (2) rSm;,Gif;a&;xm; 0gusrsm;

1/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdYavhvmcJhaom
taMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufíokdYr[kwf
¤if;wkdYavhvmaecJhaom wnfaqmufyHkudk oHk;í 0gus 5
aMumif;rS 10 aMumif;xd a&;om;&efjzpfonf/ xkd0gus
8.2 wpfaMumif;pDwGif trSm;wpfckpDxnfha&;&rnfjzpfonf/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u trSm;rsm; ¤if;trSm;rsm;rSm atmufygwkdYteuf wpfckjzpfEkdifonf/
a&;om;^&SmazGay;&ef/
●● tcsuftvufrSm;rsm; (oifcef;pmwGif;rS
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf taMumif;t&mudk rSm;a&;xm;jcif;rsdK;)
tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnf/
●● bmompum;trSm;rsm; (o'´grSm;rsm; ? a0g[m&
rSm;rsm;? pmvHk;aygif;rSm;rsm; pojzifh)
2/ xkdYaemuf ausmif;om;tcsif;csif; a&;xm;aom
0gusrsm;vJMunfhNyD; trSm;udk&Smum jyefjyifa&;&
rnfjzpfonf/

28
8 (3) pum;pkrsm;aygif;xnfhay;yg 8.3
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wJGpD okdYr[kwf wpfzGJUpDudk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmwpfyk'fudk jznfhpGufa&;om;ap&ef/
pmwpfyk'fay;yg/ ¤if;pmrS pum;pktcsdKU okdYr[kwf owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
0gustcsdKUudk jzwfxkwfxm;yg/ xkdYokdY jzwfxkwfxm;vkdufonfh ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
pum;pkrsm;okdYr[kwf 0gusrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;jyxm;yg/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmwpfyk'fudk pum;pktcsdKU
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u oifykef;ay:rS pum;pkrsm; 0gusrsm;udk okdYr[kwf 0gustcsdKU csefNyD; a&;om;jyifqifxm;&rnf/
ay;xm;onfhpmtwGif; rnfonfhae&mwGif xnfh&rnf[k
pOf;pm;ygap/
3/ xkdYaemuf ay;xm;onfh pmudk jzwfxkwfxm;aom pum;pkrsm;udk jyefaygif;xnfhvsuf ausmif;om;rsm;u
jyefa&;&rnfjzpfonf/

the arrogant, rude boss who had unfairly Myo Min walked past the office. He
fired him looked up at the highest window and
thought about Mr Smythe. He remembered
who had to quit high school and get a job
how Mr Smythe accused him of stealing.
where he used to work He thought of his mother. He thought
who was sick and couldn't afford medical of his little brother.
treatment

8 (4) Punctuation rsm;aygif;xnfhay;yg

8.4
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmwpfyk'fwGif Punctuation rsm;
aygif;xnfhMuap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmwpfyk'fudk punctuation rsm;
z,fxkwfNyD; a&;om;jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
8 (5) Adverbs rsm;aygif;xnfhyg
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wJGpD okdYr[kwf
wpfzGJUpDudk adverbs rygaom pmwpfyk'fay;yg/
2/ xkdYaemuf adverbs rygaomaMumifh pmydk'frSm
zwfíraumif;aMumif; t"dyÜg,fxif;ueJ
ay:vGifjcif;r&SdaMumif; ausmif;om;rsm; owdrlrdap&ef
jyKvkyfyg/
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdpmudk ykdrdkpdwf0ifpm;zkdYaumif;ap&ef
ydk½kyfvHk;<uap&ef adverbs rsm; aygif;xnfhvsufjyifa&;&
rnfjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;tultnDvkdtyfrnfxifygu toHk;jyKí&rnfh
adverbs tcsdKYudk tMuHjyK a&;om;jyxm;Ekdifonf/
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wJGpD okdYr[kwf
wpfzGJUpDudk pmwpfyk'fay;yg/ ¤if;pmrS punctuation rsm;
udkjzwfxkwfxm;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;pmudk punctuation rsm;jznfhpGuf
vsufjyefvnfa&;om;&rnfjzpfonf/
uRrf;usifrIenf;ao;olausmif;om;rsm;twGuf vG,fulaom
punctuation rsm;udk om jzwfxkwf&ef Oyrm pmvHk; tBuD;udk
tao;ESihfa&;ay;xm;jcif;? aumfrmrsm;? full stop
rsm;jzKwfxm;jcif;wkdYudkom jyKvkyfNyD; ykdtqifhjrihfol​
ausmif;om;rsm;twGufrl ykdcufaom punctuation rsm;udk
xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ Oyrm dash - colon : rsm;ESifh ​
semi colon ; wkdYjzpfMuonf/
8.5
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmwpfyk'fydkrkd½kyfvHk;ay:vmatmif adverb
rsm;aygif;xnhfMuap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmwpfyk'fudk adverb rsm;z,fxkwfNyD;
a&;om;jyifqifxm;&rnf/

She got tired of waiting. Eventually, she got tired of

‘Where is he?’ she sighed, waiting. ‘Where is he?’ she sighed
and walked over to the sadly, and walked slowly over to
window. the window.

29
8 (6) tp ESihf tqHk; a&;om;ay;yg
ausmif;om;rsm;u pmwpfyk'fudk tpykdif;ESihf tqHk;ydkif; rsm;
zefwD;a&;om;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ 8.6
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ay;xm;onfh pmwpfykd'ftwGuf
●● ay;pmrsm;? txl;ojzifh tvkyfoabm orm;½dk;us
ay;pmrsm;udk rdwfquf ed'gefykdif;ESihf oihfawmfaom tppmom;ESihf tqHk;owfpmom;rsm;
tqHk;owfEIwfquf pum;rsm;xnfhoGif;a&;om;​ a&;​ay; Muap&ef/
ay;jcif; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
●● pmpDpmuHk; tufaq;rsm;twGuf oihfawmfrnfh BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pmwpfyk'fudk tppmom;ESihf
ed'gef;ydkif;ESihf ed*Hk;ykdif;a&;om;ay;jcif;
tqHk;owfpmom;rsm; jzwfxkwfNyD; jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
●● pum;pjrnfajymqkdjcif;rsm;twGuf tppum;ESihf
tqHk;owf pum;rsm;a&;ay;jcif;

__________________________________________________________
___________________________________. On the 25th of January,
I bought a ‘Telexon’ external hard drive from your showroom.
I was told that this had 500GB of space. However, when
I set it up, I discovered it only had 100GB of space. I
particularly need the larger drive, as I have a lot of files
to store. I also consider that 110,000K is too much to pay
for a 100GB drive. ________________________________________
____________________________________________________.

8 (7) pmydk'fudk ajymif;vJa&;om;jcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;u yHkpHay;xm;aom pmwpfyk'fudk ajymif;
vJjyifqifa&;om;&rnfjzpfonf/
xkdokdYajymif;vJa&;om;&ef enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;&Sdonf/
●● rdrdwkdYtaMumif; tjzpfa&;jcif;
8.7
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ay;xm;onfh pmwpfykd'fudk
tjcm;½IaxmihfwpfrsdK;rS ajymif;vJ a&;om;ap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;Edkifonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;jyefa&;&ef
erlempmwpfyk'fjyifxm;&rnf/

I was born in Freemantle on the I was born in Bago in Central

West Coast of Australia in 1956. Myanmar in 1989. My parents
My parents worked on the boats. worked in their stationery shop. My
My father was a ship’s navigator father worked in the shop front
and my mother was a nurse at the serving the customers and my mother
port. We lived in a large old looked after the accounts. We lived in a
house near the railway station. small new apartment in the centre of
the city.

●● T ense ajymif;NyD;a&;jcif;
●● tjcm;tjrifwpfckrS a&;jcif; (Oyrm pmykd'fxJrS
ajymol first person udk tajymcHol third
person tjzpfajymif;vJa&;om;jcif;)
●● rlvpmykd'frS qkdvkd&if;udk qefYusifbuf
t"dyÜg,fxGufatmif jyefa&;jcif;
ponfhenf;vrf;wkdYESifh ajymif;vJa&;om;ckdif;Ekdifonf/

30
8 (8) o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;udk a&;jcif;
wGJpyfjcif;
1/ ½kyfyHktcsdKYudk jyifqifxm;yg/ oif½dk;pmtkyfrsm;rS
rdwÅLqGJjcif; owif;pm *sme,frsm;rS yHkrsm;udk
jzwfñSyfjcif;? okdYr[kwf q&mukd,fwdkifyHkrsm;qGJom;jcif
;wkdY jyKvkyfEkdifonf/ ausmif;om; wpfOD;pD okdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpDudk wpfyHkpDay;yg/
2/ xkdyHktaMumif; o½kyfazmfcsufudk ausmif;om;rsm;u 8.8
pm½Guftydkif; wpfcktay:wGifa&;Muygap/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;
3/ 3/ xkdYaemuf yHkrsm;udk jyefodrf;NyD; eH&HwGif vkdufuyfyg/ a&;om;jcif;? yHkESihf pmwGJpyfay;jcif; wkdYjyKvkyfMuap&ef/
okdYr[kwf tcef;ywfywf vnfwGif pm;yGJrsm;xm;NyD; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;
xkdpm;yJGrsm;wGif wifxm;yg/ avQmufoGm;NyD; yHkrsm;vkdufMunfhjcif;? o½kyfazmfpmrsm;zwfNyD;
4/ ausmif;om;rsm;a&;xm;aom yHkESihf wkdufMunfhjcif;wkdYjyKvkyfEkdif&efvkdonf/
o½kyfazmfa&;om;csufrsm;udk jyefodrf;yg/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ½kyfyHkrsm;pkxm;&rnf/
¤if;pm½Gufrsm;udk a&marTNyD; wpfOD;okdYr[kwf wpfwGJudk ausmif;om;wpfOD;pD okdYr[kwf wpfwGJpDtwGuf wpfyHkpD
wpf½GufpD usyrf; jyefay;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm; &Sd&efvkdonf/
ukd,fa&;cJhaom pm½Guf ukd,fjyefr&ygapESihf/
aocsmatmif jyefar;NyD; pm½Gufrsm; vJay;oihfvQif
vJay;&rnf/
5/ ausmif;om;rsm;u tcef; ywfywfvnfokdY
avQmufoGm;vQuf rdrdwkdYvufxJrS
o½kyfazmfcsufESihfukdufnDaom ½kyfyHkukd
vkduf&Sm&rnfjzpfonf/

1. f 2. g 3. v

,ckavhusihfcef;udk a,bk,s ta&;avhusihfcef;wpfck tjzpfvnf; oHk;EkdifouJhokdY? ausmif;om;rsm;\ vuf&Sdoifcef;pmrS

taMumif;t&mrsm; xnfhoGif;xm;onfh avhusihfcef; tjzpfyg toHk;jyKEkdifonf/

31
8 (9) taMumif;t&mwkdYudk yHkpHajymif;wifjyjcif;
þavhusihfcef;onf avhusihfcef; 5.5 udk ajymif;jyefvSefxm;aom
yHkpHuGJwpfrsdK;jzpfonf/ yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;jzifh jyxm;Ekdifaom
tcsuftvufrsm;udkMunfhvsuf ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'f wpfck 8.9
tjzpfa&;xkwfay;&efjzpfonf/ tcsuftvufrsm;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tcsuftvuf
●● ½kyfyHkrsm;taeESihf jyxm;Ekdifonf wpfrsdK;wnf;udk yHkpH trsdK;rsdK;ESihf
jyefvnfwifjyMu&ef/
●● ajryHkwpfcktaeESihf jyxm;Ekdifonf
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD?
●● tcsdefrsOf; wpfck taeESihf jyxm;Ekdifonf okdYr[kwf tzGJYvkduf vkyfaqmifMu&efvkdtyfonf/
●● tcsdefZ,m; wpfck taeESihf jyxm;Ekdifonf BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ½kyfyHkrsm;? ajryHkrsm;?*&yfzf
●● Z,m;uGufrsm; yHkjyrsOf; ponfwkdY jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
●● *&yfzf yHkjyrsOf;rsm;
●● pum;pjrnfajymqkdjcif; (dialogue) uAsm oDcsif;
ponfwkdYtaeESihf jyxm;Ekdifonf/

Worldwide English Academy: Intermediate Class The Intermediate Class

5 - 6 pm 6 - 7 pm 7 - 8 pm at the Worldwide English
Mon General English Academic Public Academy meets on Mondays,
Reading and Speaking
Wednesdays and Thursdays.
Writing Classes run from 5 to 8 pm.
On Mondays, they start with
Tues Exam General Academic
Preparation English General English. At 6.00 they
Reading
have Academic Reading and
and Writing Writing, followed by Public
Thurs Academic General Guest Speaking at 7…
Reading English Speaker
and Writing

8 (10) wpfenf;tm;jzihf a&;aomf

ay;xm;aom pmwpfyk'fudk ausmif;om;rsm;u
rdrdwkdYudk,fykdif pum;vHk;jzihf jyefa&;&rnfjzpfonf/
taMumif;t&m tcsuftvufwpfrsKd;wnf;udk
t*Fvdyfpmukd yHkajymif;NyD; jyefa&;om;&jcif;jzpfonf/

8.10 ●● uRrf;usifrIenf;ao;ol ausmif;om;rsm;udk

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tcsuftvuf
wpfrsdK;wnf;udk pmom;^pum;vHk;rsm;ajymif;NyD;
jyefvnfwifjyMu&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD?okdYr[kwf
tzGJYvkduf vkyfaqmifMu&efvkdtyfonf/
●● ydktqihfjrihfonfh ausmif;om;rsm;taeESihf
0gusav;rsm;ukdom jyefa&;ckdif;jcif;vkyfEkdifNyD;
xkdokdYa&;&mwGif f​unction words
(prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliary
verbs, pronouns, articles) rsm;udkonf​
twkdif; jyefoHk;cGihfay;oihfonf/
pmydk'frsm; okdYr[kwf &Snfvsm;onfh pmom;rsm;
udk jyefa&;ckdif;jcif;vkyfEkdifonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;
ykdrkdtm;pkduf&&efqkdvQif tcsdKY function words
(conjunctions or modal verbs) rsm;udk
jyeful;,lcGihfray;[kvnf; ajymEkdifonf/

32
8 (11) t"du a0g[m&rsm;rS pmom;wpfckokdY 8.11
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;\ avhvmaecJhaom oifcef;pmrsm;xJrS t"du &nf½G,fcsuf/ / t"du a0g[m&rsm;okdYr[kwf
a0g[m&tcsdKYudk a&;csyg/ pum;pkrsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkd a0g[m&rsm;udk toHk;jyKí pmykd'fwpfykd'f a&;om;Muap&ef/
pmwpfyk'fa&;cs&efjzpfonf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD?
okdYr[kwf tzGJYvkduf vkyfaqmifMu&efvkdtyfonf/

8.12 8 (12) ,lqcsufrsm;udk zGJYpnf;pDpOfjcif;

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tcsuftvufrsm;udk
pmykd'f\ ae&mtrsdK;rsdK;wGif xnfhoGif;a&;om;Mu&efjzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pD vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / tufaq;^aqmif;yg; wpfckck\
pmydk'fcGJrsm;wGif yg0ifaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk pm&if;yHkpH​
csa&;jyifqifxm;&rnf/
- nice beaches - comfortable hotels
- cheap guest houses - convenient buses
- beautiful forests - fast trains
1/ pmwpfyk'f\ ae&mtESHYrS 0gusrsm;udk okdYr[kwf
pmwGifazmfjyxm;onfh xifjrifcsufrsm;udk a&marTNyD;
csa&;xm;yg/
2/ rlvpmxJwGif rnfonhftcsufwkdY okdYr[kwf rnfonfh
0guswkdYrSm pmykd'fwpfykd'fxJrS vmjcif;jzpfonfudk
ausmif;om;rsm;u rSef;q&rnf/
3/ xkdYaemufausmif;om;rsm;u xkd 0gusrsm;
xifjrifcsufrsm;udk oHk;vsuf pmpDpmuHk;wpfck
tufaq;wpfyk'fudk a&;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk 0gusrsm;vnf;a&;ay;EkdifouJhokdY
rSwfpkpmwkd tykdif;tp av;rsm;vnf; ay;Ekdifonf/

8 (13) rjrif&aom yHkjyif

8.13
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk 3a,mufrS 5 a,muftxd tzGJYrsm;cGJyg/ wpfwef;vHk;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ /
Zmwfvrf;yHkjyifwpfck\acgif;pOfudk ay;yg/ xkdacgif;pOfrSm ¤if;wkdY oif,laecJhonfh ausmif;om;rsm;u
oifcef;pmESifh oufqkdifaom acgif;pOfjzpfEkdifouJhokdY twef;ESihf twlwlacgif;pOfa½G; Zmwfvrf;yHkjyifwpfck
cs,fEkdifygonf/ zefwD;a&;om;&ef/
2/ tzGJYwpfzGYJvQif pmwpf&Guf ,lNyD; xkdpm&Guftay:wGif a&G;xm;onfh owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; 3
acgif;pOfwyfvkdufyg/ OD;rS 5 OD;txdudk wpfzGJUzGJUNyD;
3/ tzGJYwGif;rS yxrausmif;om;u rdrd\ Zmwfvrf;udk 0gusESpfaMumif;om vkyfaqmifMu& rnfjzpfonf/
a&;&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYaemuf 'kwd,0gusudkcsefí pm&Gufudk acgufyg/ yxr0gusudk
rjrif&bJ ​'kwd,0gusukdom​jrif&​atmifacgufxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
4/ acgufNyD;aemuf pm&Gufudk 'kwd,ausmif;om;udk ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;u &&Sdvmonfh pm&GufrS
'kwd,pmaMumif;udkMunhfí Zmwfvrf;udk qufa&;&rnf/ qufa&;&mwGifvnf; 0gusESpfaMumif;om a&;om;&rnf/
xkdYaemuf 'kwd, wpfaMumif;ukdom azmfjyxm;í pm&Gufudk acgufygap/ aemuffwpfOD;udk xyfay;&rnf/
5/ ausmif;om;tm;vHk; wpfOD;csif;pD 2vSnhf 3vSnhfrQ a&;NyD;NyDonfhtvSnfhwGif aemufausmif;om;u ed*Hk;wpfcka&;ay;&rnf/
6/ tzGJYrsm;u rdrdwkdY tzGJYwGif; a&;om;NyD;onfh Zmwfvrf;udk wpfwef;vHk;okdY jyefzwfjy&rnfjzpfonf/

My Favourite Place There are a lot of I am afraid of some of

interesting animals them.
I love to visit the zoo. there.
1 2 3 I am also afraid of
trains.
There are a lot of Some are friendly,
interesting animals and some are I took a train journey
there. dangerous. last year and there
was an accident.
I am afraid of some of
them.

33
8 (14) pmtjrefa&;jcif;
1/ twef;udk acgif;pOfwpfckay;yg/ tcsdefudk wpfrdepfrS
ig;rdepftwGif;owfrSwfay;yg/ tqihfykdjrihfaom
ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf tcsdefydkay;Ekdifonf/
2/ owfrSwfcsdeftwGif; ausmif;om;rsm;u acgif;pOfatmufwGif 8.14
rsm;EkdiforQrsm;rsm; pma&;&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmudk oGufoGufvufvuf
o'´gtykdif; pmvHk;aygif; ponfwkdYudk tm½HkrpkdufbJ rxpfraihg a&;om;Ekdifjcif;udk avhusihf`rSihfwif&ef/
rsm;rsm;a&;EkdiforQa&;&efom tm;ay;wkdufwGef;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;wpfOD;csif;vkyfaqmif​
3/ tcsdefjynfhvQif rdrdwkdYa&;om;xm;onfh pum;vHk;ta&twGufudk &rnfjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u a&wGuf&rnfjzpfonf/ pum;vHk;ta&twGuf
trsm;qHk;a&;xm;aom ausmif;om;u tEkdif&ol jzpfonf
(acgif;pOfESihf rywfoufaom pmrsm;udkrl xnfhoGif;a&wGufjcif;
rjyK&yg)/

8 (15) pl;prf;ar;jref; a&;om;aom

tufaq;
1/ tzGJYvkdufvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u rnfonfh&if;jrpfrsm;rS
8.15 owif;tcsuftvufrsm; &&SdEkdifonfudk
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u pHkprf; ar;jref; pl;prf;&SmazGjcif; owfrSwfMu&rnf/
rsm;jyKvkyfNyD; &vmaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk ta&;ygrygcGJjcm;í 2/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDu &if;jrpfwpfckpD okdYr[kwf
ta&;ygaom tcsufrsm;udk oHk;um tufaq;okdYr[kwf &if;jrpfwpfckESpfckcefYrQudk a&G;cs,fNyD;
aqmif;yg;wpfyk'fa&;Mu&ef/ ¤if;wkdYacgif;pOftwGuf &orQ
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJívkyfaqmifckdif;&efvkd tcsuftvufrsm;udk pkpnf;&SmazG&rnf/
onf/ owif;tcsuftvuf &if;jrpfrsm;vnf;vkdtyfonf/ 3/ xkdYaemuf tzGJYvkdufjyefpkpnf;NyD; ¤if;wkdYpl;prf;&Sm
tifwmeuf ? r*¾Zif;rsm; owif;pmrsm;ponfwkdYtjyif azGrIrS&&Sdvmaom tcsuftvufrsm;udk
ausmif;om;rsm; ar;jref;Ekdifrnfh uRrf;usifolrsm;vnf; 0kdif;0ef;Munfh&IMuNyD; rnfonfwkdYudk
vkdtyfygrnf/ tufaq;xJxnfha&;&rnfudk qHk;jzwfMu&rnf/
4/ tzGJY0if wpfOD;csif;pDu tzGJY\
pl;prf;&SmazGrIrS&aom tcsuftvufrsm;udk
toHk;jyKNyD; tufaq; wpfyk'fpD
a&;om;&rnfjzpfonf/

34
 pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIavhusihfcef;rsm;
þ tydkif;wGifausmif;om;rsm;\ pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIudk `rSihfwifay;&ef vkyfief;pOfrsm;yg0ifygonf/

input
receptive reading listening

productive writing speaking

output

graphic oral/aural

pma&;uRrf;usifrIuJhokdYyif pum;ajymuRrf;usifrIonfvnf; ausmif;om;u bmompum;udk xkwftoHk;jyK&jcif;

(productive skills) wpfckjzpfonf/ þtydkif;wGif t"dyÜg,fem;vnfqufoG,fEkdifa&; OD;pm;ay;aom pum;ajym
avhusihfcef;rsm;ygygonf/ xkdavhusihfcef;rsm;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;u pmoifcef;jyify wu,fhb0wGif
pum;ajymqkdqufoG,fonhftvm; vkyfaqmif​avhusihfMu&rnfjzpfonf/
toHxGufuseapjcif;twGufrl tydkif; 13 rS toHxGuf OD;pm;ay; avhusihfcef;rsm;udk Munfhyg/
bmompum;oif,lrItwGif;rS rnfonfh uRrf;usifrIrqkd wpfrsdK;wnf; oD;oefY oifMum;oif,lír&yg/ pmtHjcif;? Zwfpmudk
toHxGufzwfjyjcif;rSvGJí pum;ajymavhusihfcef;wkdif;wGif em;axmif&olvnf;ygonf/ vkyfief;pOf
avhusihfcef;tawmfrsm;rsm;wGif ausmif;om;rsm; tvSnfhus ajymqkdem;axmif&jcif;ygonf (conversation? pum;ajymqkdjcif;?
pum;0kdif; [k þpmtkyfwGif oHk;EIef;xm;ygonf)/
tvm;wlyif ta&; uRrf;usifrI avhusihfcef;rsm;wGifvnf; zwfjy&jcif;rsm;yg xnfhoGif;xm;ygonf/ qkdvkdonfrSm
jrifawGU^zwf½I^Mum;emí od&Sdjcif; + jyefvnf xkwfoHk;jcif; = ajymqkd^a&;om;í tjyeftvSef qufoG,fEkdifjcif; jzpfonf/
þtydkif;udk ta&;uRrf;usifrI tydkif;uJhokdYyif xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI tqihftvdkuf pOfxm;ygonf/
tpykdif;avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI rsm;aomavhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ pum;vHk;toHk;?
wnfaqmufyHko'´gponfwkdYudk BudKwifuefYowfay;xm;NyD; ¤if;wkdYudk toHk;jyKí rSefuefusepGmpum;ajymEkdif&ef pDpOfxm;aom
avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ aemufydkif;avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm;rSmrl ausmif;om;rsm;udk ydkrdk vGwfvyfpGm
avhusihfajymqkdcGifhay;onf/ rajymqkdcif BudKwifjyifqifavhusihfjcif;rsm; enf;yg;vmonf/ pmoifcef;jyify vufawGUb0wGif
pum;ajym&onfhyHkrsdK;jzpfonf/ xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrItqihf trsdK;rsdK;&Sdaeaom avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk atmufwGif
Oyrm jyxm;ygonf/
oifykef;rS pmudk toHxGuf zwfjcif; rdrdtvGwf&aom oDcsif;udk qkdjcif; ay;xm;aom pmom;udkoHk;NyD; o½kyfaqmifjcif;
wifjycsufwpfckudk BudKwifavhusihf jyifqifNyD; a[majym wifjyjcif; rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif a½G;cs,faom taMumif;t&m tay:
tvGwfoabm pum;ajymqkd aqG;aEG;jcif; xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI r&Sd (free) xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI
trsm;qHk; (controlled)/
oifykef;rS pmudk rdrdtvGwf&aom ay;xm;aom pmom;udkoHk;NyD; wifjycsufwpfckudk taMumif;t&m tay:
toHxGuf zwfjcif; oDcsif;udk qkdjcif; o½kyfaqmifjcif; BudKwifavhusihf jyifqifNyD; tvGwfoabm pum;ajymqkd
a[majym wifjyjcif; aqG;aEG;jcif;

xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI trsm;qHk; (controlled) xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI r&Sd (free)

35
ausmif;om;rsm;u bmompum;udk EkdifEkdifeif;eif;r&Sdao;cifwGif xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI jrifhaom
avhusihfcef;rsm;vkdtyfonf/ bmompum;udk toHk;csjcif;ESihf ykdrkd&if;&if;ESD;ESD;&Sdvmonfhtcg ydkrkdvGwfvyfpGm avhusihf&aom
vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk wjznf;jznf; ajymif;vkyfaqmifoGm;oihfygonf/ xkdavhusihfcef;rsm;rSm pmoifcef;jyifyrS
bmompum;vkdtyfcsufrsm;udk xif[yfavhusihfEkdifaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;jzpfygonf/

9/ pum;ajymavhusihfcef;rsm; - xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rItqihfvkduf
pDpOfxm;jcif;
tpykdif;avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIrsm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuNyD; &nf½G,fxm;aom pm^pum;wkdYESifh
taMumif;t&mrsdK;ukdom avhusihfjcif;jzpfNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;rSm &v'frSef wpfck okdYr[kwf tenf;i,fudkom &&Sdap&ef
jzpfonf/ aemufydkif;avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;udk ykdrdkvl;vGefYcGifhay;xm;NyD; tajzrSef rsm;pGmudkcGifhjyKxm;onf/
pum;ajymavhusihfcef;rsm;twGuf tjcm; tykdif;rsm;rS atmufyg vkyfief;pOfrsm;udkvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifygao;onf/
4.8 aysmufuG,foGm;aom pmvHk;rsm; 8.1 a&maxG;a&;xm; 0gusrsm;
4.10 tcsif;csif; oifMum;jcif; 8.3 pum;pkrsm;aygif;xnfhay;yg
6.7 ESpfOD;wGJtvkdufpmac:ay;jcif; 8.10 wpfenf;tm;jzihf a&;aomf

9 (1) avoHwD;wkd;
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk 6 OD;rS 10 OD; xdtzGJYrsm;zGJYyg/ wpfzGJYpDu wpfvdkif;wnf;​ 9.1
wef;pDrwfwyf&yfaeMu&rnf/ xdyfqHk;rwfwyf&yfaeolrsm;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / tcsuftvufrsm;udk
tjcm;olrsm;rjrifapbJ 0guswpfaMumif;jyyg/ &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; qufoG,f
2/ xkdyxrausmif;om;u oljrifcJh&onfh 0gusudk aemufuyfvsufrwfwyf&yf ay;ykdYjcif;udk avhusihf&ef/
aeol\em;&Gufem;uyfNyD; tjcm;olrsm;rMum;atmif wD;wkd;ajymvkdufyg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;
tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/
3/ xkd'kwd,ausmif;om;uvnf; olMum;vkduf&onfudk
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / tzGJUrsm;
aemufuyf&yfaeolem;em;uyfvsuf wD;wkd;ajym&rnfjzpfonf/ þenf;jzifh
ajymqkdqufoG,f&rnfh 0gusrsm;udk
xkd0gusudk aemufqHk;rwfwyf&yfaeolqD a&mufonftxd wpfzGJUvHk;udk
BudKwifjyifqif&rnf/
jzwfoef;&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ aemufqHk;&yfaeolrsm;xHokdY xkd0gusrsm;a&mufonfhtcgwGif xkdolwkdYu Mum;vkduf&onfwkdYudk oifykef;ay:wGif
a&;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ a&;vkdufMuonfh 0gusrsm;ESihf e*dkajymvkdufonfh 0gus wlygovm;/
þenf;jzifh ausmif;om;rsm; rysif;&dapbJ tBudrfBudrf tajymavhusihfapjcif;jzpfonf/ tzGJYrsm;wGif; 0gusrsm;pGm
qufwkdufpD;qif;aeap&efvnf; vkyfaqmifEkdifygao;onf/

Good students do their Some stupid food

Good students do roast pork left act and
homework regularly and
their own work effectively need pots and cooks.
read a lot of books.
and need a lot of books.

36
9 (2) tifwmAsL;NyD; jyefajymyg
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; ar;Ekdifaom ar;cGef;rsm;udk
twef;wpfwef;vHk;taeESihf 0kdif;0ef;pOf;pm;Mu&rnf/ tu,fí acgif;pOf​
taMumif;t&mwpfckwnf;tay:wGif ar;jref;aom ar;cGef;rsm;udk
pOf;pm;&ygu taumif;qHk;jzpfEkdifonf/
2/ ausmif;om;ESpfOD;pDwGJNyD; &&Sdvmaom ar;cGef;rsm;oHk;í tcsif;csif;
tjyeftvSefar;jref; ajzqkdMu&rnf/
3/ xkdYaemuf rdrd&&SdcJhonfhtajzrsm;udk twef;okdY jyefvnf&Sif;jy&rnf/
okdYr[kwf tzGJYcGJNyD; tzGJYwGif; jyef&Sif;jy&rnf/​​
(rnfolu rnfokdYajzqkdcJhaMumif;jzpfonf/)
Mi Mi, what do
you think of hunting
endangered animals?
I don’t like it, unless
it is poor people trying
to feed their families.
9.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'fwpfckudk zwfNyD;NyD;csif;wGif
a&;om;jyifqifjcif;r&SdbJ tusOf;csKyfudk
vufwef;ajymqkdap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / tqihfjrihf ausmif;om;rsm;ESihf
aqmif½GufvQif taumif;qHk;jzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm; tESpfcsKyfajymqkd​
&rnfh pmwpfykd'fjyifqifxm;&efvdkonf/
9 (4) u&m;a&vTwf ajymqkdjcif;
1/ tzGJY cGJNyD; wpfzGJUpDudk ½kyfyHkwpfyHkpDay;yg/
2/ xkdyHkudk ausmif;om;rsm;u 0guswpfaMumif;pDESihf
tvSnhfus o½kyfazmfajymqkd&rnf/
3/ wpfa,mufwpfvSnfhpD xkdyHktaMumif; ajymqkd&if;
rnfolrQ xyfrHrpOf;pm;Ekdifawmhonftxd
r&yfrem;ajym&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ tzGJUrsm;u yHkrsm;udk vJvS,fí txufyg
vkyfief;pOfudk jyefvnfvkyfaqmif&rnf/
,ck avhusihfcef;\ yHkpHuGJrSm ½kyfyHk\aemufuG,fwGif
[lonfh avhusihfcef;jzpfonf/ xkdavhusihfcef;wGifrl
ausmif;om;rsm;u yHkwGif jrif&onfudk
o&kyfazmfonfhtpm; yHk\aemufcH tcif;tusif;
tajctaeudk rSef;q ajymqkdMujcif;jzpfonf/
The old woman
has just bought a
new motorbike. He is worried
that she will have
an accident.
9.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
tcsuftvufrsm;udk ar;jref;jcif;?
ajzqkdjcif;?ESihf udk,fykdifpum;vHk;ESihf
jyefajymjyjcif; wkdUudk avhusihf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfwef;
vHk;taeESihfaomfvnf;aumif; ESpfOD;wGJpD
vnf;aumif;vkyfaqmif&efvkdtyfonf/
Mi Mi doesn’t like
people hunting endangered
animals, but she thinks it’s
OK if they need to feed
their families.
9 (3) tusOf;csKyfrsm;udk
vufwef;ajymMum;jcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdYavhvmaecJhaom oifcef;pmESihf
ywfoufaom pmwpfyk'fudk cyfoGufoGufzwfNyD; tusOf;csKyfukd
csufcsif; ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/
●● ausmif;om;tm;vHk;u pmwpfyk'fwnf;udk
tusOf;csKyfajymMum;jcif;
●● qufpyfrI&Sdaomfvnf; xyfwlr[kwfonfh pmrsm;udk
tusOf;csKyfajymMum;jcif;
●● tusOf;csKyf&rnfhpmrsm;rSm t*FvdyfvkdjzpfEkdifouJhokdY
jrefrmvkdpmrsm;udkvnf; t*Fvdyfvkd tusOf;csKyfajymjcif;
twef;vlrsm;ygu tzGJYcGJí tzGJYvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;yg/
9.4
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / rxpfraigh oGufvufpGm pum;ajymjcif;udk
avhusihf`rSihfwif&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; 3 OD;rS 8OD;txdudk wpfzGJUzGJUNyD;
vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm; oif,laevsuf&Sdaom
taMumif;t&mokdYr[kwf o'´gwnfaqmufyHkESihf ywfoufaom
½kyfyHkrsm; wpfzGJUudk wpfyHk ay;Ekdifatmif jyifqifxm;&rnf/
The young man
is her grandson.
She always
drives too fast.
37
9 (5) oHk;-ESpf-wpf
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdYavhvmaecJhonfh
oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufaom
acgif;pOfatmufwGif oHk;rdepfpm a[majymcsuf wpfck
jyifqif&rnf/ ajym&ef tcsuftvufrsm;
xkwfEIwfrSwfom;&ef tcsdeftenf;i,fay;Ekdifonf/
okdYaomf oifcef;pmrS rlvpum;vHk;twkdif; \^onf
ra½G; a&;om;jyifqifír&yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;ukd ESpfOD;wGJyg/ yxrausmif;om;
oHk;rdepfpm pum;ajymcsdefwGif 'kwd,
ausmif;om;em;axmifí 'kwd,ausmif;om;
tvSnhfwGif yxrausmif;om;u jyefem;axmif&rnf/ 9.5
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk vlajymif;wGJckdif;yg/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdY\ ajymqkdcsufrsm;ukd
þwpfBudrfwGifrl ajymcsdef ESpfrdepfom wjznf;jznf; tusOf;csHK; oGm;NyD; ajymqkd&ef/
&awmhrnfjzpfonf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; ESpfOD;wGJpD ajymqkd? vlajymif;NyD;
xyfajymqkdMu vkyf&rnfjzpfaomaMumifh qlnHrI &Sdrnf/
4/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk vlxyfajymif;wGJckdif;yg/
,ckwpfacgufwGifrl wpfrdepfom
&awmhrnfjzpfonf/
tcsdefowfrSwfcsufudk twef;\ uRrf;usifrI
tqifhtvkduf ajymif;vJEkdifonf/
tqifhedrfhao;olrsm;tzkdY 90 puúefY 60 puúefY 30 puúefY
okdYr[kwf onfhxufyifavQmhowfrSwfay;Edkifonf/
tqifhykdjrihfaom ausmif;om;rsm;twGufrl 4-3-2
pojzihf owfrSwfay;Ekdifonf/
9 (6) trSm;rsm;ESihf pum;
1/ pum;^rdefYcGef;wkd wpfcGef;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u
a&;om;jyifqif&rnfjzpfonf (ruRrf;usifao;aom
ausmif;om;rsm;tzkdY 0gus tenf;i,frQESihf tqifhykdjrifhonfh
9.6
ausmif;om;wkdYtzkdY wpfrdepfESihf txuf jyifqifckdif;Ekdifonf)/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u ajymqkdcsufrsm;
jyifxm;onfhpum;wGif trSm;tcsdKU xnfhjyifxm;&rnf/
rdefYcGef;wkdrsm; jyifqifajymqkdjy&rnf/ xkdYjyif
ausmif;om;rsm;avhvmaeonfh oifcef;pmESihf ywfoufonfh
aocsmpGm em;axmifjcif;udkvnf;
acgif;pOfatmufwGif qkdvQif ydkaumif;onf/
avhusihf&efjzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / pum;ajymqkdonfh ausmif;om;ukd 2/ xkdYaemuf jyifxm;onfh pum;rsm;udk twef;udk zwfjyNyD;
wpfwef;vHk; Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/ wpfwef;vHk;u em;axmifum trSm;rsm;udk csa&;&rnf/
twef;vlrsm;ygu ,ckvkyfief;pOfudk 5 a,mufrS 8 a,muftxd
tzGJUcGJNyD; tzGJUvkdufvkyfaqmifckdif;Ekdifonf/

You can’t get

You can get to
there by boat.
Pyin Oo Lwin by bus, train or
boat. The bus costs 250 thousand It doesn’t cost
kyat. It takes three hours to that much! It takes
get there from Yangon. about 15 hours
from Yangon.

38
9 (7) wifqufrIrsm;
1/ wpfOD;csif;jzpfap? ESpfOD;wGJjzpfap? tzGJYvkdufjzpfap?
ausmif;om;rsm;u wifqufrIwpfck (presentation) udk
jyifqifMu&rnf/ rnfonfh taMumif;t&mudk wifjyrnf?
rnfonfwkdYudk xnhfajymrnf? rnfokdYajymrnfudk
rdrdwdkYbmom qHk;jzwf&rnfjzpfonf/
2/ xkdYaemuf rnfokdYaom taxmuftuljyK ypönf;rsm;​
oHk;rnfudkvnf; pOf;pm;owfrSwf&rnf/
●● ydkpwm? ½kyfyHkrsm;? "gwfyHkrsm;
●● uGefysLwm yg0gyGdKifhqvkd'frsm;
●● Z,m;rsm; o½kyfazmfyHkrsm;
9.7
●● wifqufrIESihf oufqkdifaom t&m0w¬Kypönf;rsm; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u wifjycsufrsm;?
3/ vkdtyfvQifausmif;om;rsm;onf pum;ajymwifquf&ef rdefYcGef;rsm; yHkpHwus jyifqifajymqkd&ef/
tcsuftvufrsm;udk rSwfpki,frsm;tjzpf owdjyK&ef/ / wpfOD;csif;pD\ wifjycsufrsm;udk
xkwfEIwfa&;xm;Ekdifonf/ okdYaomf wifqufrIwpfckvHk;udk twef;u em;axmif Munfh½I&rnfjzpfaomaMumifh
\^onf ra½G; a&;xm;jcif;rsdK;rvkyfoifhay/ tcsdefukefrnfh vkyfief;pOfjzpfonf/
4/ xkdYaemufausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdY\ wifqufjcif;udk
twef;a&SUwGif jyowifqufEkdifNyDjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;wifquf &mwGif wif;usyfaom
tcsdefowfrSwfcsuf wkdvGef; &SnfvGef;jcif;r&Sdaom
tcsdefowfrSwfcsufukdcs rSwfay;Ekdifonf/ tzGJUvkdufjyKvkyfckdif;
jcif;jzpfygu tzGJUwGif;vlwkdif;pum;ajymwifqufcGifh &Sdap&ef
vkyfaqmifxm;oihfygonf/
xkdYjyif wifqufajymqkdolrsm; ajymoGm;aom t"du
tcsufrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;tm;
rSwfom;xm;ckdif;jcif;rsdK;vnf; vkyfEkdifao;onf/

9 (8) yHkudk o½kyfazmfjcif; &SmazGjcif;

9.8
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u ½kyfyHkrsm;udk
o½kyfazmfNyD; tjcm;o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;ESihf ½kyfyHkrsm;udkvnf;
wGJpyfay;&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / twef;wpfzufpDrS ausmif;om;rsm;
wpfzufESihfwpfzuf aumif;pGm Mum;Ekdif&efvkdtyfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDtwGuf
½kyfyHkwpfyHkpD jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
1/ q&moifMum;aeaom oifcef;pmESihf oufqkdifaom
yHktcsdKUudk ausmif;om;rsm;tm;ay;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdyHkudk rnfokdY
o½kyfazmfajymMum;&rnfudk csa&;jcif;r&SdbJ
jyifqif&rnf/
3/ yHkrsm;ukd jyefodrf;yg/ a&marTvkdufNyD; wpfOD;csif;udk
jyefay;vkdufyg/
4/ ausmif;om;rsm;u tvSnfhus rdrdwkdY\
yHka[mif;taMumif; yHkazmfajymqkd&rnf/ xkdyHkudk
&xm;olu rdrdwGif xkdyHka&mufaeaMumif;​
ajym&rnfjzpfonf/

39
 9 (9) pum;&nfvkjcif; 9.9
1/ qefYusifbuf t,ltq ESpfrsdK;&SdMuonfh udpöwpfckudk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;wkdY
q&mu okdYr[kwf ausmif;om;rsm;u a&G;yg/ tawG;tjrifrsm;udk pOf;pm;jyifqifjcif;? tjcm;olrsm;\
tqkdjyKcsufrsm;udk jyefvSef ajymqkdjcif;ponfwkdY
Oyrm -
jyKvkyfMu&ef/
●● ausmif;om;rsm; ,leDazmif; 0wfoihfonf^ESihf owdjyK&ef/ / þvkyfief;pOfudk jyKvkyf&ef
ausmif;om;rsm;udk wlnD0wfpHkr0wfckdif;oifh oifcef;pmwpfckvHk;oHk;NyD; jyifqif&ef vkdtyfEkdifouJhokdY?
●● aq;vdyfaomufjcif;onf Oya'ESihf rqefYusif^ESihf oifcef;pm ESpfckoHk;ck NyD;rS tqifoihfjzpfjcif;rsdK;vnf;​
aq;vdyfaomufjcif;udk Oya'ESihf wm;jrpfoihf jzpfEkdifonf/
●● acwfrDvmjcif;onf ½dk;&mxuf ta&;ygonf^ESihf
½dk;&monf acwfrDvmjcif;xuf ydkrdkta&;ygonf
2/ twef;udk ESpfjcrf;jcrf;yg/ wpfjcrf;u ay;xm;aom acgif;pOfudk axmufcHajymqkdNyD; tjcm; wpfjcrf;u
qefYusifajymqkd&rnf/
3/ ESpfjcrf;pvHk;udk oHk;a,mufwpfzGJUpDzJGUyg/ oHk;a,muftzGJUrsm;u ¤if;wkdYajymqkdMurnfh tMuHÓPfrsm;udk
rdepftenf;i,ftcsdef,lNyD; jyifqifMu&rnf/ ¤if;wkdY wifjyajymqkdrnfh xifjrifcsufrsm; t"du tcsufrsm;udk
pm&if;csa&;yg/ xkdYaemuf ¤if;wkdYukd taxmuftyHhjyKEkdifrnfh Oyrm Oyar,srsm;? usdK;aMumif;qufpyfrIrsm;udk vnf;
jyifqifa&;om;yg/ xkdYjyif rnfolu yxrqHk; pwifajymqkdNyD; rnfolu 'kwd,ESihf wwd,udk a&G;yg/
4/ axmufcHajymqkdonfh tzGJYrS yxrqHk; ESpfrdepfcefY ajymqkdyg/ NyD;aemuf ajymqkdwifjyoGm;aom tcsufrsm;udk
acsyajymqkd&ef ESpfzGJYvHk;udk wpfrdepf ESpfrdepfcefY jyifqifcsdefxyfay;yg/
5/ qefYusifajymqkdrnfh tzGJU\ yxrqHk;wifjyrItwGuf ESpfrdepfay;yg/ ¤if;wdkYu yxrtzGJYwifjycJhonfh tcsufwkdYudkvnf;
xnfhoGif; acsyajymqkd&rnfjzpfonf/ NyD;aemuf tzGJYESpfzGJYvHk;udk wifjycJhonfh tcsufrsm;udk rnfokdY jyefvnfajymqkd&efudk
jyifqifcsdef wpfrdepf ESpfrdepfcefYay;yg/
6/ txufygtwkdif; ESpfzGJUvHk;rS oHk;OD;vHk; tvSnfhNyD;onf txdqufvkyfyg/
7/ xkdYaemuf twef;udk rnfonhftzGJUu tEdkif&oihfaMumif; rJay;ckdif;yg/ (taumif;qHk; ajymqkdwifjycsufjyKvkyfEkdifonfh
tzGJUudk a&G;ckdif;&efjzpfonf)/

I disagree with her point about uniforms making

students look tidy. Many students wear their uniforms badly, or don't
repair them, the same as any other clothing. In addition, poor families might have
difficulty paying money for new, clean uniforms. If they can wear other
clothes, it is easier to

pum;&nfvkjcif;vkyfief;pOfudk enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;ESihf jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/ ESpfzGJUvlta&twGufajymif;vJjcif;?

pum;ajymqkdwifjycsdef aqG;aEG;wkdifyifcsdefudk avQmhjcif;wkd;jcif; ponfwkdYjyKvkyfEkdifonf/ ykdrkd tMuHÓPf&&SdEkdif&ef ​
www.idebate.org udk zwf½IEkdifygonf/

40

9.10
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif
a½G;xm;aom acgif;pOfwpfcktwGuf
ajymqkdwifjycsufwpfck jyifqifajymqkd&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ajymqkdoludk tm;vHk;aocsmMum;Ekdif&ef
vkdtyfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;\
ajymqkdtvSnhfrsm;udk odEkdif&ef tcsdefZ,m;wpfck
jyifqifay;xm;yg/
9 (11) u'fjym;ay:rSm ajymp&m
1/ tkyfpkwpfpkvQif 8 u'frS 15 u'ftxd ay;Ekdifatmif
(prompt cards) u'fjym; tpHkvkdufrsm;
jyifqifxm;&rnf/ u'fjym;ay:wGif
t"dutaMumif;t&macgif;pOfwpfck ESihf
xkdtaMumif;t&mESihf
ywfoufírnfonfwkdYajymqkd&rnfudk
tMuHjyKxm;aom tcsuftenf;i,f
yg&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/
9 (10) jyí ajymyg
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;csif;pDu rdrdpdwf0ifpm;onfh
taMumif;t&mwpfcktwGuf ajymqkdwifjycsufcyfwkdwkdwpfckudk
jyifqifcJh&efjzpfonf/ oihfawmfaom
t&m0w¬Kypönf;rsm;udkvnf; ,laqmifvmum
jyíajymqkdEkdifonf/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u jyifqifxm;onfwkdYudk
tvSnfhusajymqkdwifjyNyD; tjcm;olwdkYudk ar;cGef;rsm;ar;&ef
wkdufwGef;Ekdifonf/
,ckavhusihfcef;udk twef;ppcsif; jyKvkyfygu taumif;qHk;
jzpfEkdifonf/
9.11
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdY&if;ESD;od&SdNyD;aom
taMumif;t&mrsm;ESihfywfoufNyD; vGwfvyfpGmajymqkdMu&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / xkdifcHkrsm;wGif vSnhfvnf
ajymif;a½TUxkdifEkdifatmif yHkygtwkdif;cHkrsm;udkjyifqifxm;yg/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / tzGJUwpfzGJUudk u'fjym; 8u'frS 15
u'ftxd jyifqifay;xm;yg/

Talk about your favourite place

Where is it?
When did you discover it?
What do you like about it?
When did you last go there?

http://educasia.org wGif &&SdEkdifaom (prompt cards) rsm;udkvnf;

toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
2/ ckHrsm;udk yHkygtwkdif;pDpOfyg/ ausmif;om;rsm;rSm txufygu'fjym;rsm;udk
tv,fwGifxm;vsuf ​rsufESmcsif;qkdif
pum;ajymEkdifonhfh yHkpHrsdK;pDpOf&efjzpfonf/
3/ ausmif;om;wpfwGJpDu ESpfOD; tvSnhfus tjyeftvSef 30 puúefYpDcefY (45
puúefYokdYr[kwf 1 rdepfpDcefY) pum;ajymNyD;Mu&rnf/
4/ xkdYaemuf ab;cHkokdY em&DvufwHvSnhfonfhtwdkif; ae&ma½TUNyD;
txufygtwkdif; xyfajym&rnf/
,ckavhusihfcef;udk ausmif;om;rsm;tm; u'frsm;udk udkifum twef;wGif; axG;a&m,Sufwif avQmufoGm;ckdif;NyD; MuHKolESihf
pum;ajym u'fjym;vJ vlajymif;NyD; xyfpum;ajym&onfh yHkpHrsdK;ESifhvnf; aumif;pGmavhusihfEkdifonfjzpfonf/

41
9 (12) Zmwfvrf;uGif;qufrsm;
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk yHkjyifZmwfvrf;wpfck\ yxrqHk;
pmaMumif;wpfaMumif;udk ajymjyyg/
Oyrm -
There was an old man who lived alone.
2/ twef;rS ausmif;om;wpfOD;OD;u xkdpmaMumif;udk
9.12
aemufxyfwpfaMumif;ESihf qufajym&rnf/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u yHkjyifZmwfvrf;wpfckukd
Oyrm - wpfykdif;csif; tvSnhfus zefwD;ajymqkdMu&ef/
His family had all left him, but he had about
twenty cats.
owdjyK&ef/ / wpfwef;vkHk; tvSnhfus 0kdif;0ef;
ajymqkdEkdif&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ 3/ aemufwpfOD;u pmwpfaMumif;xyfajymjcif;jzifh
yHkjyifudk quf&rnf/ xkdokdYjzihf xkdZmwfvrf;udk
ausmif;om;wpfOD;NyD; wpfOD; tvSnhfus
qufajym&efjzpfonf/
vlrsm;aom oifwef;rsm;wGif þavhusihfcef;udk tzGJUcGJí
jyKvkyf&ygrnf/

9 (13) usyef; pum;

9.13
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u BudKrodxm;aom
acgif;pOfwpfcktwGuf ajymqkdcsufwkdwpfck
ajymqkdwifjy&efjzpfonf/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifcef;pmwpfckpumeD;wkdif;wGif
ausmif;om;ESpfOD;oHk;OD;rQudk vkyfckdif;&efoihfawmfonhf
vkyfief;pOfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;a½G;cs,f&ef
acgif;pOftenf;i,frQ BudKpkpnf;xm;&efvkdtyfonf/
1/ usyef;pum;ajym&ef acgif;pOftcsdKUudk pm&if;csa&;yg/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk a&;ckdif;vkdyguvnf;
a&;ckdif;Ekdifonf/ xkdacgif;pOfrsm;udk
rJvdyfav;rsm;üxnfha&;NyD; tdwfwpftdwfwGif
odkYr[kwf Al;wpfAl;wGif xnfhyg/ xkdYaemuf
ausmif;om;wpfOD;OD;udk rJEdIufa&G;ckdif;yg/
2/ &&Sdaom acgif;pOfaMumif;ajymqkd&ef ausmif;om;udk
wpfrdepfcefYpOf;pm;ygap/
3/ xkdYaemuf acgif;pOfatmufwGif
wpfrdepfcefYpum;ajymqkdygap/
tqihfydkjrifhaom ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfrdepfcefY
pum;ajymqkd ckdif;Ekdifonf/

42
 oifcef;pmaemufydkif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
zwfNyD;vQif em;axmifNyD;vQif a&;om;NyD;vQif ajymqkdNyD;vQif
þtydkif;wGifyg0ifaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;rSm ausmif;om;rsm; zwf½Iem;axmifajymqkda&;om; NyD;orQwkdYtwGuf aemufqufwGJ
vkyfaqmifEkdifaom avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ þavhusihfcef;rsm;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf ydkrdkvGwfvyfpGm
avhusihfcGihfay;xm;onf/ ausmif;om;rsm;\ &SdNyD;om; A[kokwrsm; uRrf;usifrIrsm;ESihf ,ckrS oifMum;ay;vkdufaom
tcsuftvufrsm;udkyg xkwfazmftoHk;csaponf/
Oyrmtm;jzihf -
●● ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&may:wGif rdrdwkdY tjrifrsm;azmfxkwfajymqkdjcif;
●● pl;prf;&SmazGjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&mrS rdrdwkdYpdwf0ifpm;onfh taMumif;udk xyfrHod&Sd&ef
pl;prf;&SmazGjcif;rsm;jzpfonf/)
●● cGJjcrf;pdwfjzm avhvmjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmygtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk ykdrdk eufeufeJeJ oHk;oyfpOf;pm;jcif;​
rsdK;jzpfonf/)
●● tuJjzwfoHk;oyfjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm; vkyfaqmifrIudk tcsif;csif; tuJjzwf trSwfay;Mujcif;jzpfonf/)
●● jyefvnfawG;awm oHk;oyfjcif; (ausmif;om;rsm; vkyfaqmifcJhNyD;aom aqmif&GufcsufwkdYukd rdrdwkdYvkyfqmifcJhyHkudk​
jyefpOf;pm;oHk;oyfjcif;jzpfonf/)
oifcef;pmaemufykdif;vkyfief;pOfwkdY aumif;usdK;rsm;
●● oifcef;pmtay: ausmif;om;rsm;\em;vnfrIukd ykdrdkeuf &dIif;aponf
●● t*FvdyfpmESihf taMumif;t&mrsm;udk ykdrkd rSwfrdaponf
●● ausmif;om;rsm;\ bmompum;ESihf taMumif;t&may:od&SdrIudk xkwfoHk;Ekdifaponf
●● rMumcifu oif,lNyD;xm;aom t*Fvdyfpmukd oihfawmf&m taMumif;t&mrsm;ajymqkd&mwGif xkwfoHk;aponf
●● q&moifaeaom oifcef;pmtay: ydkrdkpdwf0ifpm;atmif tm;ay;Ekdifjcif;
oifcef;pmaemufykdif; vkyfief;pOf tawmfrsm;rsm;udk twef;wGif;wGif vkyfaqmifEkdifouJhokdY tdrfpmay;jcif;rsm;vnf;jyKvkyf​
Ekdifonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk vkyfief;pOfrsm; avhusihfcef;rsm; ukd,fwkdifzefwD; pDpOfckdif;yg/
jzpfEkdifvQif ausmif;om;rsm;udk azmfjyNyD; vkyfief;pOfrsm;uJhokdY vkyfaqmifzG,frsm;udk rdrdwkdYudk,fwkdif zefwD;wDxGif
'DZkdif;qJGckdif;yg/
xkdokdYvkyfaqmifjcif;onf uRrf;usifrIrsm;udk avhusihf&efESihf taMumif;t&mrsm;udk avhvm&ef tvGefxda&mufaom
enf;vrf;wpfckvnf;jzpfonf/ bmompum;ESihf aumif;pGmxdawGYcGihfvnf;ay;Ekdifonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;rSm q&mjzpf&ef​
&nf&G,fxm;olrsm;qkdvQifvnf; tvGef toHk;0ifrnfhtawGYtMuHKjzpfonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrIay;í avhusihfapaom avhusihfcef;rsm;rSm zefwD;&vG,fulonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;zefwD;xm;onfh
avhusihfcef;rsm;udk wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; vJvS,fay;Muí avhusihfapEkdifonf/ ykdoGufvufNyD; tvkyfjrefjrefNyD;wwfaom
ausmif;om;rsm;ukd tjcm;olrsm; avhusihfcef;rNyD;ao;csdefwGif þokdY udk,fykdifavhusihfcef;rsm; zefwD;ckdif;Ekdifonf/
oGufvufaom ausmif;om;rsm;udk avhusihfcef;pm&Gufrsm; zefwD;a&;om;apNyD; avhusihfcef;bPfyHkpHrsdK;
pkpnf;xm;Ekdifonf/ tjcm;olrsm; Oyrm uRrf;usifrIenf;ao;aom ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdavhusihfcef;rsm;udk
&,ltoHk;jyKavhusihfEkdifonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI enf;oGm;aom vkyfief;pOfrsm;u bmompum;udk rnfokdYoif,lvQifaumif;rnf[laom
enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK; tMuHÓPfaumif;rsm;udk udk,fwkdifxkwfazmftoHk;jyKaponf/ ausmif;om;rsm;u bmompum;oif,lrI
enf;vrf;rsm;udk od&Sdavav ykdrdkxda&mufpGmoif,lEkdifaom oif,lolrsm;jzpfvmavav jzpfygrnf/
þonfrSmvnf; oif,lol A[kdjyK oifMum;oif,lrI\ yef;wkdifyifjzpfygonf/

43
10/ oifcef;pmaemufydkif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
þtydkif;rS avhusihfcef;rsm;udk vkdtyfonfhtcsdef twkdif;twmtwkdt&Snftvkduf pDpOfxm;ygonf/
rdepftenf;i,fomvkdtyfaom avhusihfcef;rsm;udk t&ifazmfjyxm;NyD; tcsdefydkvkdtyfaom avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk
aemufqHk;rS azmfjyxm;onf/
oifcef;pmaemufykdif;vkyfief;pOftjzpf þpmtkyfrS avhusihfcef;tawmfrsm;rsm;udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ t"duusaom
avhusihfcef;tcsdKUudk atmufwGif pm&if;azmfjyxm;ygonf/
1.4 qufpyfrIjy puf0kdif; 9.9 pum;&nfvkjcif;
4.6 acgif;pOfa½G;yg 9.10 jyí ajymyg
4.10 tcsif;csif; oifMum;jcif; 9.11 u'fjym;ay:rSm ajymp&m
5.3 zwfpm ÓPfprf; 9.13 usyef; pum;
8.8 o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;udk a&;jcif; wGJpyfjcif; 11.4 o&kyfazmf[efudk rSef;q t"dyÜg,fazmfjcif;
8.15 pl;prf;ar;jref; a&;om;aom tufaq; 11.9 oifykef;qDta&muf tajy;NydKifr,f
9.7 wifqufrIrsm; 12.14 ar;jref;pl;prf;

10 (1) b,fola&;ovJ
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;u pmydk'fwpfckokdYr[kwf tufaq;wpfckudka&;yg/ 10.1
a&;xm;aom pmykd'frsm;udk eH&Hay:wGif uyfxm;yg/ pm&Gufay:wGif &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pmykd'fi,fwpfckudk zwfNyD;
ausmif;om;rsm;\ trnfrygygapESihf/ a&;xm;oludk rSef;ap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tcef;wGif;
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;vSnfhywfMunfh&INyD; xkdpm&Gufrsm;udk
[kd[kdonfonf vSnhfvnfavQmufoGm;Ekdif&ef​
rnfola&;xm;jcif;jzpfonfudk azmfxkwfyg/
vkdonf/ wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD;vnf; aumif;pGm
,ckavhusihfcef;udk tjcm;yHkpHuGJwpfcktaeESihf jyKvkyfvkdygu oduRrf;olrsm;jzpfoihfonf/
pm&Gufrsm;udk eH&HwGifruyfbJ tcsif;csif;jyefa0vkdufyg/ xkdYaemuf BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmifom;rsm;
ausmif;om;rsm;u tcsif;csif; ar;cGef;rsm;ar;í rdrdwkdY&xm;aom a&;xm;onfrsm;udk tcef;eH&Hrsm;wGif
pm&Gufudk rnfola&;jcif;jzpfonfudk &SmazGyg/ BudKwifuyfxm;&ef vkdonf/

a. d asjfbqf dgre we qey i 78 rg yj ee d sa w

rfr e r 1qw d FGD G J J dge r lk .,mnbhj,, rer po
jsdbdf w y sd fhdaswrth w tehth h htr k sef wef t
7i fdw lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[f t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul
lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi
hre rhjt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhj h i h4
fh ytjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adstjwtyj jtyj
yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjk w pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr
lkp oi hre rhjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk
k[wept[ rgerg jhk897 b doanw k g ds ujk m lfmr,
b. d asjfbqf dgre we qey i 78 rg yj ee d sa w rfr e r
1qw d FGD G J J dge r lk .,mnbhj,, rer po jsdbdf w y sd
fhdaswrth w tehth h htr k sef wef t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul
lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[f t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk
k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjt hrtjwtyj jtyj
yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhj h i h4 fh ytjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul
lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[f t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk
k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjk w pt hrtjwtyj
jtyj y yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[ rgerg jhk897 b do
c. d asjfbqf dgre we qey i 78 rg yj ee d sa w rfr e r 1qw d
FGD G J J dge r lk .,mnbhj,, rer po jsdbdf w y sd fhdaswrth
w tehth h htr k sef wef t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy
adsflk k[wept[f t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio iuy adsflk k[wept[pt
hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp
oi hre rhj h i h4 fh ytjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt ykifgjwksjfdskdjf
iuy adsflk k[wept[pt hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjk w pt
hrtjwtyj jtyj yuk ykr lkp oi hre rhjf t 7i fdw er yyt rt yul lkio
iuy adsflk k[wept[ rgerg jhk897 b doanw k g ds ujk m lfmr,

Do you think Yes - I think they

Did you go to Bagan people should be punished should go to prison.
two years ago? if they drop rubbish at
No, I’ve never important cultural
been to Bagan. places?

44
10 (2) vkyfaqmifcsufudk trSwfay;yg 10.2
1/ trSwfay;pnf;rsOf; tcsdKUowfrSwfyg (bmompum;taumif;qHk;​toHk;jyKjcif;? &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;
pdwf0ifpm;p&mtaumif;qHk;jzpfjcif;? pnf;&Hk;qGJaqmifEkdifrI a&;om;ajymqkdMuonfrsm;udk ¤if;wkdY
taumif;qHk;jzpfjcif; pojzihf)/ tcsif;csif; trSwfay;tuJjzwfMu&ef/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm; vkyfaqmifxm;aom ta&;tom;? tajymtqkd ponfwkdYudk owdjyK&ef/ / tuJjzwftrSwfay;&ef
em;axmif zwf&INyD;aemuf owfrSwfxm;onfhtwdkif; tcsif;csif; pm^pum;udk wpfwef;vHk;u
trSwfjyefay;&rnfjzpfonf/ Mum;odNyD;^zwf½INyD; jzpf&rnf/

þokdY trSwfay;Ekdif&ef enf;vrf;trsdK; rsdK; toHk;jyKEkdifonf/

Oyrm -
●● trSwfay;jcif;rsm; okdYr[kwf xifjrifcsufrsm;udk Z,m;wpfcktwGif;wGif jznhfyg/

name comments score

Soe Lwin Good introduction, some parts confusing, 7

especially paragraph 2.
Naw Moo Confident writer, with very few spelling 6
and grammar mistakes, but most
arguments weak.
William Clever use of language. Well argued. 8.5
Handwriting very difficult to read
sometimes.
Win Win Than Most of her writing was not on the topic. 3

●● ajymolokdYr[kwf a&;olukd ay;&ef rSwfcsufrsm;a&;xm;NyD; ay;jcif;

●● rnfoltaumif;qHk;jzpfonfudk rJay;jcif;
10.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk vkyfaqmif&ef
ay;xm;onfh vkyfaqmifrItaMumif;udk aocsm
pOf;pm;qifjcifEkdif&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ukd wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD?
tzGJUvkduf ponfjzihf vkyfaqmifap&rnf/
10 (3) avhusihfcef;NyD;pD;rIudk tpD&ifcHjcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfwpfck (​okdYr[kwf
vkyfief;pOfrsm;) NyD;pD;onfhtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u
xkdokdYNyD;pD;jcif;taMumif;udk jyefvnf tpD&ifcHjcif;jzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdavhusihfcef; oifcef;pmrS rnfonfwkdYoif,l&
&SdcJhjcif;ESihf oif,l&&SdcJhjcif;wkdY\ tusdK;&SdrIwkdYudk
awG;awmoHk;oyfvQuf wifjy&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdokdYpDpOfwifjy&ef
enf;vrf;rsm;pGm oHk;í&Ekdifonf/
●● ausmif;om;rsm;u pmjzifh a&;om;xm;aom
wifjycsufwpfckudka&;&ef (wpfOD;csif;? twGJvkduf?
tzGJUvkduf ponf)
●● ausmif;om;rsm;u vkyfief;pOfudk aqmif&Guf&mü
ausmfjzwfcJhaom tqifh tm;vHk;ESihf ¤if; tqifhrsm;rS
rnfonfwkdY oif,l&&SdcJhonfudk 0kdif;0ef;pOf;pm;&ef
●● tzGJUvkdufjzpfap wpfwef;vHk;jzpfap tvGwfoabm
aqG;aEG; ajymqkdMunfhjcif;/

45
10 (4) bmqufjzpfrSmvJ
ausmif;om;rsm;u tjzpftysufwpfck okdYr[kwf
Zmwfvrf;wpfck tv,fwGif a&SUwGifqufjzpfrnfwkdYudk
owfrSwfajymqkdjcif;jzpfonf/
10.4
●● yHkjyifZmwfvrf;wpfyk'f oHk;aejcif;jzpfygu &nf½G,fcsuf/ / tjzpftysufwpfck okdYr[kwf
ausmif;om;rsm;u yHkjyifwGifyg0ifaom Zmwfvrf;wpfckwGif bmqufjzpfrnfudk ausmif;om;rsm;​u
Zmwfaumifrsm; tjzpftysufrsm;udk owfrSwfajymqkd&ef/
rdrdwkdYESpfoufovkd a&SUquf
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD?
Zmwfodrf;a&;om;ay;jcif;
tzGJUvkduf ponfjzihf vkyfaqmifap&rnf/
●● vuf&Sd tjzpftysufowif; wpfcktaMumif;​
oifMum;aejcif;jzpfygu xkdtjzpftysufrnfokdY
qufjzpfrnfudk ausmif;om;rsm;u
rSef;qa&;om;ay;jcif;jzpfonf/

10 (5) tzGJYvkduf ya[VdNydKifyJG

10.5
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u acgif;pOfESihf
ywfouf íar;Ekdifaom closed jzpfonfh ar;cGef;rsm;
pOf;pm;ap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk 3OD; rS 6 OD;txd
wpfzGJUzGJU NyD;vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnf/
10 (6) o&kyfaqmifjcif;
1/ ausmif;om;rsm; o&kyfaqmif&ef
Zmwfvrf;tcif;tusif; wpfckay;yg/ Zmwfvrf;yg
Zmwfaumifta&twGuftvkduf o&kyfaqmifEkdifatmif
vlxnfhvQuf tzGJUcGJyg/
2/ rnfonfhZmwfaumifudk rnfol o&kyfaqmifrnf?
Zmwfvrf;udk rnfokdYqufrnf? rnfokdYodrf;rnfudk
pOf;pm;qHk;jzwf&ef tcsdeftenf;i,fay;yg/
3/ tzGJUrsm;u rdrdwkdYZmwfvrf;rsm;udk wpfwef;vHk;udk
o&kyfaqmifjy&efjzpfonf/
o&kyfaqmifjcif;udk ydkrdkpdwf0ifpm;zG,faumif;ap&eftwGufrl
0wfpHkrsm; Zmwf0ifypönf;rsm; ponfwkdYudk
,laqmifvmckdif;Ekdifonf/ Oyrm - e*g;BuD;udk
wkdufckduftEkdif,laom Zmwfvrf;twGuf rif;orD; o&zl?
e*g;rsufESmzHk;? opfom;? yvwfpwpf? "g;? aoewf
ponfwkdYudk q&mu jzpfap ausmif;om;rsm;ujzpfap
jyifqif,laqmifvmEkdifonf/
1/ oifcef;pmacgif;pOf taMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufaom
tydwfar;cGef; (tajzrSef wpfckwnf;om &SdEkdifaom ar;cGef;)
rsm;udk tzGJUvkdufpOf;pm; jyifqifyg/ rdrdwkdYar;cGef;twGuf
tajzudkvnf; rdrdwkdYbmomod&rnfjzpfonf/ twef;wGif;rS
tzGJUtm;vHk;u ar;cGef;ta&twGuftwlwl
a&;om;jyifqifMuygap/
2/ tzGJUwpfzGJUpDu tjcm;tzGJUrsm;udk rdrdwkdYar;cGef;rsm;udk
ar;&rnf/ tjcm;tzGJUrsm;u tzGJUwGif;aqG;aEG;NyD; tajzudk
csa&;xm;yg/ þenf;twkdif; tzGJUrsm;u tvSnfhus
ar;cGef;rsm;ar;MuajzMu&rnf/
3/ tzGJUtm;vHk;u ar;p&mar;cGef;rsm; ukefoGm;onfhtcg
tajzrsm;ppfyg/ tajzrSef trsm;qHk;&xm;onfhtzGJUrSm
tEkdif&ygonf/
10.6
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u tjzpftysufwpfckudk
o½kyfaqmifMu&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk o½kyfaqmif&ef ae&m
vHkvHkavmufavmufvkdonf/

46
10 (7) xifjrifcsufrsm;azmfxkwfjcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;u taMumif;t&m wpfckudk
avhvmNyD;oGm;onfhtcg ¤if;tay: jrifaom tjrifrsm;
awG;rdaom tawG;rsm;ponfwkdYudk a&;om;Mu&rnf/
10.7
atmufygOyrmrsm;twkdif;vnf;jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u taMumif;t&m
●● 0gus tenf ; i,f r Q? pmwpf y d k ' f r Q ok d Y r [k w f udpö&yfwpfcktay: xifjrifcsufrsm;ay;&ef/
tufaq; wpfyk'fa&;jcif; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;pD? ESpfOD;wGJpD? tzGJUvkduf
●● 0ufbfqkdufwpfck okdYr[kwf owif;pmwpfapmifrS ponfjzihf vkyfaqmifap&rnf/
t,f'Dwmtm; ay;pm wpfapmifa&;jcif;
(tu,fí oifcef;pmESihf
vuf&SdtjzpftysufwpfckckwkdY
qufpyfudkufnDrI&Sdygu)/

10.8
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u taMumif;t&m?
udpö&yfwpfckESihf ywfoufNyD; ykdpwmwpfck a&;qGJ&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ykdpwmvkyf&ef ypönf;
ypö,rsm;vkdtyfonf/ pm½GuftBuD;pm;rsm;? yHkqJGcJwH​
tp&Sdojzihfypönf;rsm;? jzwfñSyfuyfvkyf&ef r*¾Zif;rsm;​
ponfjzihfvkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ykdpwmvkyf&ef ypönf; ypö,rsm;
BudKwif jyifqifxm;&ef/
10 (8) ydkpwm
taMumif;t&mwpfcktaMumif; oifcef;pmwGif avhvmNyD;onfhtcg
ausmif;om;rsm;u avhvmcJhNyD;orQudk tjcm;olrsm;ESihf
rQa0&eftwGuf ydkpwm wpfck'DZkdif;a&;qGJjcif;jzpfonf/
xkdydkpwmwGif xnhfoGif;a&;qGJEkdifonfh OyrmtcsdKUrSm
●● t"du qkdvkd&if;azmfjycsuf okdYr[kwf acgif;pOf acgif;pnf;
●● umwGef;yHkrsm;
●● o&kyfazmfyHkrsm; &kyfyHkrsm;? ausmif;om;rsm;a&;cs,faom
yHkrsm; okdYr[kwf pmtkyfrsm;rS jzwfñSyfuyfxm;aom
"gwfyHkrsm;
●● acgif;pOftaMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufí ta&;ygaom
tcsuftvufrsm; pkpnf;xm;aom tESpfcsKyf
a&;om;azmfjycsuf/

10 (9) acgif;pOftaMumif;
xyfrHpl;prf;azG&Smjcif;
oifNyD;oGm;aom oifcef;pmtaMumif;t&mESihf ywfoufí
tcsuftvufrsm; ykdrkd&&Sdod&&ef ausmif;om;rsm;u
pl;prf;&SmazGrI jyKvkyf&efjzpfonf/ 10.9
owif;tcsuftvuf&if;jrpf trsdK;rsdK;rS
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u taMumif;t&m?
tcsuftvuf&,lpkaqmif;apEkdif&ef tcsdefay;yg/
udpö&yfwpfckay: xyfrHod&Sd&ef/
xkdpl;prf;&SmazGrINyD;onhftcg atmufygwkdYtwkdif;
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;wGif &SmazG&ef
jyefvnfwifjyEkdifonf/
owif;&if;jrpfrsm;vkdonf/ r*¾Zif;rsm;? owif;pmrsm;?
●● pmykd'fwpfcktjzpf? tufaq;wpfyk'ftjzpf? tifwmeuf? pum;ajymqkdar;jref;í&aomolrsm;ponf/
aqmif;yg;wpfyk'ftjzpf
●● twef;udk presentation wpfck
wifqufjcif;tjzpf
●● twef;twGuf oifcef;pmi,fwpfck tjzpf
jyefvnf oifjyjcif;tjzpf jyefvnfwifjyEkdifonf/

47
 bmompum;OD;pm;ay;avhusihfcef;rsm;
þtydkif;wGif tydkif;i,f 3 ydkif;cGJxm;ygonf/
●● a0g[m&OD;pm;ay;tydkif;
●● o'´gOD;pm;ay;tydkif;
●● toHxGufOD;pm;ay;tydkif;wkdYjzpfMuygonf/
ausmif;om;rsm; bmompum;vkdtyfcsufwpfckck &Sdvmygu þvkyfief;pOfrsm;udk toHk;jyKavhusihfEkdifonf/
þtykdif;wGifazmfjyrnfh vkyfief;pOfwkdYudk oifcef;pm\ tqifh tm;vHk;ü toHxGuf o'´g a0g[m& ponfwkdYudk
jyefaET;&efjzpfap xyfzefwvJ avhusihf&efjzpfap toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ xkdYjyif uRrf;usifrIOD;pm;ay; avhusihfcef;rsm;wGif;
`rIyfívnf; toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
þtydkif;yg vkyfief;pOfwkdYudk oifcef;pmwpfcktwGif; rnfokdYxnfhoGif;Ekdifonfudk atmufwGif OyrmESpfck jyoxm;ygonf/
¤if;OyrmwkdYrSm uRrf;usifrI avhusihfcef;rsm;tydkif;wGif azmfjycJhonfh oifcef;pmtqihfqihfESihf twlwlyifjzpfygonf/

oifcef;pm 1 oifcef;pm 2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / i,fpOf uav;b0 tawGhtMuHKrsm;taMumif; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / pnf;½Hk;a&; a[majymcsufi,fwpfck ajymqkd&ef/
pmwpfyk'fudk zwf½Iekdif&ef? tESpfcsKyfEkdif&ef ESifh ¤if;taMumif;udk 2.1/ ½kyfjrifoHMum;wGif UK rS a½G;aumufyJG a[majymcsufwpfckudk
zwf½IaqG;aEG;Ekdif&efjzpfonf/ Munfh&ef/
1.1/ pmwGifyg0ifaom a0g[m&rsm;udk rdwfqufoifMum;&ef/ 2.2/ a[majymcsufwGif oHk;oGm;aom t"du a0g[m& rsm;udk
1.2/ ausmiff;om;rsm;u pmyg taMumif;&mrsm;udk cefYrSef;Mu&ef/ avhvmtoHk;jyKNyD; xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI
ay;xm;aoma0g[m&toHk;jyKjcif; avhusihfcef; wpfck
1.3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;pmudk zwfMunfh&ef/
jyKvkyf&ef/
1.4/ em;vnfoabmaygufrIppfar;aom ar;cGef;rsm; ajzqkd&ef/
2.3/ xkdYaemuf xkda0g[m&rsm;udk oHk;NyD; xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI
(comprehension questions)
rygaom a0g[m& toHk;jyKjcif;avhusihfcef;wpfck​
1.5/ pmyg t"du tcsufrsm;udk tESpfcsKyfí csa&;&ef/ aqmif½Guf&ef/
1.6/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xdefausmif;uefYowfrIay;xm;aom 2.4/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUrsm;cGJNyD;rl0g'rsm;csrSwfMunfhMu&ef/
avhusihfcef;wpfck past simple tense
2.5/ ausmif;om;rsm;u udk,fykdifa[majymcsufrsm;a&;Mu&ef/
udkoHk;NyD;aqmif½Guf&ef
2.6/ a[majymcsufrsm;udk tajymavhusihfMu&ef/
1.7/ xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIudk avQmhNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;ukd
past simple tense oHk;aom avhusihfcef;wpfck 2.7/ ausmif;om;rsm;u pnf;½Hk;ajymqkd&rnf/em;axmifolrsm;u
aqmif½Gufap&ef/ pum;ajymol wpfOD;csif;udk¤if;wkdYbmompum;taMumif;​
t&mESihf [efyefwkdYtwGuftuJjzwf trSwfay;&rnf/
1.8/ edESihfqHk;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk toHxGufavhusihfjcif;
avhusihfcef;wpfck aqmif½Guf&ef/ 2.8/ ausmif;om;tm;vHk;u tcef;wGif;a½G;aumufyGJwGif
rnfolYukd tb,faMumifh a½G;cs,ftEkdifay;rnfudk
1.9/ ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdYonfvnf; pmwGifygaom
aqG;aEG;qHk;jzwfyg/
uav;b0tawGUtMuHKrsdK;&Sdr&Sd aqG;aEG;ajymqkdMuap&ef/
2.9/ 0gusukd toHxGuf tzdtazmhrsm;ESihf ajymqkdavhusihfonfh
toHxGufavhusihfcef;wpfckaqmif½Gufyg/
,ckwpfacgufwGifrl bmompum;OD;pm;ay; avhusihfcef;rsm; xnfhoGif;xm;aMumif;awGYEkdifygonf/ 1.6? 1.7 wkdYrSm
o'´gavhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ oifcef;pmwGifygaom past simple tense ESihf qdkifonfh t"duwnfaqmufyHkrsm;udk
toHk;jyKNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI trsm;rS tenf;odkY tenf;i,fpD avQmhay;NyD; avhusihfaponf/
þenf;jzifh ausmif;om;rsm;u oifMum;aeonfh wnfaqmufyHkrsm;udk ykdrdkaumif;pGmem;vnfEkdifrnfjzpfonf/
2.2? 2.3 wkdYrSm a0g[m&avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfonf/ xkdavhusihfcef;rsm;u oifcef;pmrwkdifrDvkyfief;pOf (erlemrdefYcGef;udk
Munfh&Iem;axmif&jcif;) wGifawGUcJh&aom a0g[m&rsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm; xyfrHavhusihfaponf/ vG,f&mrS
wjznf;jznf;cufay;NyD; avhusihfapaom a0g[m& avhusihfcef;rsm;aMumifh t"du aqmif&GufzG,fjzpfonfh
pnf;&Hk;qJGaqmifEkdifaom rdefYcGef;wpfcka&;jcif;wGif xkda0g[m&rsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;xnfhoHk;Ekdifonf/
1.8? 1.9 wkdYrSm toHxGufavhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ þoifcef;pmrS aqmif&GufzG,frsm;wGifygaom t"du
wnfaqmufyHkrsm;udk toHxGuf&Gwfqkd&mü ausmif;om;rsm;tcuftcJ&SdEkdifrnfh tydkif;rsm;udk OD;pm;ay; avhusihfxm;aom
avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfygonf/

48
 a0g[m&
11/ a0g[m& avhusihfoif,ljcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
pum;vHk;rsm; pum;pkrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm; em;vnf toHk;jyK&ef vkdtyfaom tcgwkdif; þtydkif;rS vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk oHk;yg/
þtydkif;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI tqihf ay:rlwnfNyD; tpOfvkdufpDxm;ygonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIrsm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;udk tpykdif;wGifazmfjyxm;NyD; xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI r&Sdaom
vkyfief;pOfrsm;rSmrl tqHk;wGif&Sdygonf/ okdY&mwGif vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef; trsm;pkrSm xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIudk vkdovkd
jyKjyifajymif;vJay;Ekdifonfh avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuygonf (aemufqufwGJ 1 udk&I)/
tjcm;tydkif;rsm;rS vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef;tcsdKUudkvnf; (txl;ojzihf tydkif;2? a0g[m& BudKwifoifMum;jcif;) a0g[m&
avhusihfoif,l&ef toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
1.4 qufpyfrIjy puf0kdif; 8.8 o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;udk a&;jcif; wGJpyfjcif;
2.1 a0g[m&rsm; wGJpyfjcif;vkyfief;pOf 8.11 t"du a0g[m&rS pmom;wpfckokdY
2.2 Eliciting odNyD;a0g[m&udk azmfxkwfay;jcif; 9.11 u'fjym;ay:rSm ajymp&m
2.3 ar;cGef;rsm;ESifh em;vnfrIudk ppfaq;jcif 12.7 vkdufvHar;jref; avhusihfcef;
4.8 aysmufuG,foGm;aom pmvHk;rsm; 12.9 MuufajcESihf puf0kdif;
5.6 tcsuftvufrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcif; 12.11 rdrdukd,fudk,f &SmazGjcif;
8.1 a&maxG;a&;xm; 0gusrsm; 12.13 pum;ajym BudrfvHk;

11 (1) BudK;rdefY 11.1

1/ ausmif;om;rsm;rSwfrdoif,lapvkdaom a0g[m&wpfvHk;udk a&G;yg/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
tu©&mwpfvHk;pDtwGuf rsOf;wkdav;wpfcsufpD oifykef;ay:wGif wkdYxm;yg/ a0g[m&rsm;udk rSwfrd
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkda0g[m&wGif yg0ifaom tu©&mrsm;udk pmvHk;aygif;ap&ef/
rSef;q&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;u tu©&mwpfvHk;ukd vSrf;ajym&rnf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
xkdtu©&mrSm a0g[m&wGifygaeygu rsOf;wkdav;rsm;ay:wGif olUae&mESihf ol oifykef;rS MunhfícefYrSef;Mu&efjzpfonf/
q&mu a&;xnhfay;&rnf/ tu,fí ESpfcgygvQif
ESpfae&ma&;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;ac:vkdufonfh tu©&mrSm a0g[m&wGifrygygu q&mu BudK;ay;cH&rnfhvlyHkudk
yxr wpfcsuf pwifa&;qGJvkdufNyD; rSm;oGm;onhf oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;&rnf/
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;a0g[m&wGif rnfonfh tu©&mrsm;ygonfudk qufvufrSef;q&rnf/ þupm;enf;
NyD;qHk;onfhtcsdefrSm 3
5
●● BudK;ay;cH&rnfhvlyHkudk wpfcsufjcif; qGJíNyD;oGm;jcif; (ausmif;om;rsm;&IH;onf) 4 6
●● wpfOD;OD;u a0g[m&trSefudk rSef;rdoGm;jcif; (ausmif;om;rsm; Ekdifonf)/ 8 9
2
7
10 11

e e t
__ __ __ __ __ __ c
repeat
s
o wi d n u
sweet

49
11 (2) bif*kd 11.2
1/ bif*kdu'fjym;rsm;vkyf&eftwGuf pum;vHk; 30 rS 50 txd a&G;yg/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
xkdYaemuf rnfonfh pum;vHk;rsdK;udk wGJpyfrnfudk owfrSwfyg/ a0g[m&rsm;udk rSwfrd wGJpyfap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
●● t&dk;&Sif;qHk; wGJpyfenf;rSm Mum;&onfhpum;vHk;ESihf
zwf&onfwkdYudkwGJjcif; (bif*dku'fjym;ay:wGif q&mac:ay;onfh pum;vHk;ukd &Sif;vif;yDopGm
pum;vHk;rsm;a&;om;ay;NyD;? xkdpum;vHk;wkdYudkyif jyefac:jcif;) Mum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / wGJpyfí&aom
●● pum;vHk;rsm;udk aMumif;wloHuGJ? okdYr[kwf qefYusifbuf a0g[m&rsm;ygonfh bif*kdu'frsm;
wdkYESihfwGJjcif; (bif*dku'fjym;ay:wGif pum;vHk;rsm;
jyiffqifxm;&efvkdonf/
a&;om;xm;ay;NyD; xkdpum;vHk;wkdY\ aMumif;wloHuGJrsm;?
qefYusifbufrsm;udk ac:ay;jcif;)
●● Bud,mrsm;wGJjcif; (past simple okdYr[kwf past participle Bud,mrsm;a&;om;xm;ay;NyD; ¤if;wkdY\ base orm udk
ac:ay;jcif;)
●● emr0daooersm; udk comparative ESihf superlative form rsm;wGJjcif;? word family \ tydkif;tcsif;csif;wGJpyfjcif;?
eHygwfrsm; udef;*Pef;rsm;ESihf nDrQjcif;rsm;wGJjcif;? &kyfyHkrsm;ESihf pum;vHk;rsm;wGJjcif; pojzihf/
2/ twef;wGif;vlwkdif;twGuf wpfckpD&ap&ef bif*dk u'frsm; jyifqifjyKvkyfyg/ 4uGuf ywfvnf Z,m;uGufxJwGif pum;vHk;
16 vHk; a&;xnfhyg/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; rwlap&ef aocsmpGmjyKvkyfxm;yg/
atmufyg OyrmrSm emr0daooe tcsdKUESihf ¤if;wkdY\qefYusifbufpum;vHk;rsm;udk wGJpyf&efjzpfonf/

mean sad clever tired shy ugly big bad

lazy ugly small early cold rich tired nice
bad stupid careful shy stupid late careful young
honest selfish vain quiet vain boring clever short

bif*kdu'frsm;vkyf&ef http:/ www.educasia.org rS bingo software udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/

3/ bif*kdu'fay:rS pum;vHk;rsm;ESihf wJGpyf&ef pum;vHk;rsm;udk q&mu wpfvHk;csif;ac:ay;yg/ ausmif;om;u rdrd\
bif*kdu'fay:wGif wGJEkdifonhfpum;vHk;ygvmu Muufajccwf&rnf/

old

beautiful

loud
mean sad clever tired

unselfish cold rich tired nice

bad late careful young
vain boring clever short

4/ a'gifvkdufjzpfap? tvsm;vkdufjzpfap? axmihfjzwfjzpfap av;uGuf yxrqHk; wef;atmif Muufajccwfrdaom

ausmif;om;u bif*dk [k atmf&rnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm tEkdif&oljzpfonf/
5/ xkdYaemufqufupm;NyD; rdrdbif*dku'fay:rS pum;vHk;tm;vHk;udk Muufajccwfrdaom ausmif;om;u bif*dk[k
xyfrHatmf&rnf/ ¤if;rSm aemufxyftEkdif&olwpfOD;jzpfonf/
tEkdif&oGm;aom ausmif;om;rsm;udk aemufwpfacguftwGuf wGJpyf&ef pum;vHk;rsm;udk q&mtpm; ac:ay;&ef apckdif;Ekdifonf/
ykdrdktm;pkdufxkwfapvkdvQif 5uGuf ywfvnf Z,m;uGufukd toHk;jyKEkdifonf/

50
11 (3) od*D Fajymr,f
1/ twef;a&SUwGif q&mu rwfwyf&yfyg/
ausmif;om;rsm;u q&mudk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;jrifEkdifaom
ae&mwGif rwfwyf&yfMuygap/
2/ q&mu "Thingy says" [kajymvkdufNyD; wpfckck
vkdufvkyf&ef ñTefMum;csufay;yg/ ​Oyrm – Thingy says
clap your hands [kajymvkdufNyD; q&mudk,fwkdifvnf;
xkdtrlt&mudk vkyfyg/ xkdtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u
vkdufvkyf&rnf/
3/ Thingy says [k ajymNyD; ñTefMum;csufrsmqufatmfyg/ 11.3
ausmif;om;rsm;u vkdufvkyf&rnf/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / action verb rsm; body parts rsm;
ñTefMum;onfhtwkdif;r[kwfbJ trlt&m rSm;vkyfygu imperatives rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;udk
xGuf&rnf/ avhusihfem;vnfap&ef/
4/ q&mu Thingy says [k rajymbJESihf ay;onfh owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; vGwfvGwfvyfvyf
ñTefMum;csufudk vkdufvkyfvQifvnf; xEkdifxkdifEkdif vIyf&Sm;Ekdif&rnfjzpfonf/ a&SUrS
xGuf&rnfjzpfonf/ Oyrm - OD;aqmiftrdefYay;aeolukdvnf; aocsmpGmj​rifEkdif​
Thingy says rygbJ raise your hand [k ajymonfukd &rnfjzpfonf/ qlnHaernfjzpfonf/
vufa`rSmufaom ausmif;om;u xGuf&rnfjzpfonf/
5/ ñTefMum;csufrsm;qufay;yg/ Thingy says
rygbJESihfvnf; wcgw&Hxnfhajymyg/ trlt&mrSm;wkdif;
Thingy says rygbJ ajymonfudk vkdufvkyfrdwkdif;
ausmif;om;wpfOD;xGufNyD; aemufqHk;
wpfOD;wnf;usefonftxd qufupm;yg/
xkdwpfOD;wnf;usefcJholrSm tEkdif&oljzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk q&mtpm; ñTefMum;csufrsm; ​tvSnhfus
xGufac:ckdif;Ekdifonf/

Thingy says Wave your hands

touch your knees

51
11 (4) o&kyfazmf[efudk rSef;q t"dyÜg,fazmfjcif; 11.4
1/ yHkokdYr[kwf pmjzihfa&;om;xm;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / rMumcifu
u'fjym;av;rsm;ay:üa&;om;&rnf/ Oyrm ausmif;om;rsm;ukd oif,lxm;aom a0g[m&opfrsm;udk
adverbs rsm;oifaeonfhtcsdefjzpfygu atmufyg rSwfrdNyD; toHk;jyK Ekdif&ef/
u'fjym;rsdK;jyifxm;rnfjzpfonf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUvkduf
vkyfaqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/ ausmif;om;
tzGJUrsm;ESifhqlnHaernfjzpfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ½kyfyHkrsm;?
pum;vHk;rsm;? 0gusrsm; ygaom
u'fjym;rsm; jyifqifxm;&efvkdrnf/

badly
thoughtfully or
cook dinner

http://educasia.org wGif &kyfjya0g[m& u'fjym;rsm;&&SdEkdifygonf/

2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJyg/ xkdYaemuf tzGJU0ifrsm;wpfOD;csif;pDudk
u'fjym;wpfckpDay;NyD; xkdu'fjym;ay:wGifygonfh pum;vHk;ukd
pum;vHk;0 rajymbJ tzGJUudk o&kyfaqmifjy&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ tzGJUu bmpum;vHk;jzpfEkdifonfukd 0kdif;0ef;rSef;q&rnfjzpfNyD;
tajzrSefoGm;vQif trSwfwpfrSwf&rnf/ xkdYaemuf tzGJUwGif;rS
aemufwpfOD;udk qufvufo&kyfaqmifckdif;NyD; rSef;q&rnfjzpfonf/
trSwftrsm;qHk;&&SdonhftzGJUrSm tEkdifjzpfonf/

looking for something?

no, it’s an
animal

a dog

52
11 (5) trSwf twGJ 11.5
1/ ESpfu'fwpfwGJ wGJEkdifaom pmvHk;rsm; oHk;í u'fjym; 30 rS 50 txd &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
udk wpfpHka&;om;jyifqifyg/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJNyD; wpfzGJUudk a0g[m&rsm;udk rSwfrd wGJpyfap&ef/
wpfpHkay;Ekdifonftxd&Sd&rnf/ atmufygwkdYtwkdif; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUvkdufvkyf
a&;om;jyifqifEdkifaom Oyrm tcsdKUjzpfygonf/ aqmifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/ tzGJU0ifrsm;udk
pm;yGJwGif 0kdif;xm;ckdif;EkdifouJhokdY
●● &kyfyHkESihfpmESihf wGJEkdifjcif; (http://educasia.org wGif&&SdEkdifaom
Murf;jyifay:wGif 0kdif;xkdifckdif;jcif;vnf;
&kyfjya0g[m& u'fjym;rsm;udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf)
jyKvkyfEkdifonf/
●● pum;vHk;wpfvHk;udk t"dyÜg,fwlpum;vHk;ESihf wGJjcif;? BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / wGJpyfjcif;vkyfaqmifEkdif&ef
qefYusifbufpum;vHk;ESihf wGJjcif;? t"dyÜg,fzGifhqkdcsufjzpfap? u'ftpHkrsm; jyifqifxm;&rnfjzpfonf/
OyrmjzpfapESifh wGJjcif;
●● pum;vHk;wpfvHk;vHk;ESihf ¤if;\ a&SUqufpum;vHk;rsm;udk wGJjcif;
●● ESpfjcrf;jcrf;xm;onfh Phrasal verb rsm; aygif;pyfemrf compound nouns rsm;udk olUtjcrf;ESihfol wGJjcif;
●● um&efwlonfh pmvHk;rsm;wGJjcif;? Asnf;oHwlonfh pmvHk;rsm;wJGjcif;/

2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUcGJyg/ wpfzGJYpDudk u'fjym;wpfxkwfpDay;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;u'fjym;rsm;udk a&marTNyD;

u'fjym;ay:rS pmvHk;udk rjrif&atmif arSmufvQufcsxm;&rnf/ xkdokdYcsxm;&mwGif u'fjym;wpfjym;ESihf jym; xyfraeapbJ
u'ftm;vHk;\ ausmjyifudk jrif&atmif arSmuf&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ tzGJU0ifrsm;u u'fjym;ESpfjym;pDudk tvSnfhus vSef&rnf/ vSefrdaom u'fjym;ESpfjym;rSm wGJpyfEkdifaom
pum;vHk;rsm;jzpfygu xkdu'fjym;ESpfjym;udk xkdausmif;om;u ,lxm;NyD; aemufwpfcg xyfvSefEkdifonf/ wGJpyfEkdifaom
pum;vHk;rsm;r[kwfMuygu ESpfu'fvHk;udk olYae&mESihfol jyefarSmufxm;&rnf/ xkdokdYtvSnhfus u'fjym;vSefaepOftwGif;
u'fjym;rsm;ae&mra&GUatmifajymxm;yg/

toe

now

crow crow

4/ u'fjym;rsm;ukefonfhtxd qufupm;tNyD;ü u'fjym;trsm;qHk;odrf;rdaom ausmif;om;u tEkdifjzpfonf/

11 (6) rSwfÓPf b,favmufaumif;ovJ

1/ t&m0w¬K ypönf; tck20 cefY? okdYr[kwf &kyfyHkum;csyfokdYr[kwf
oifMum;rnfh t*Fvdyfpmudk oHk;xm;aom jrifuGif; wkdYudk 11.6
pkaqmif;jyifqifyg/ (​http://educasia.org rS &&SdEkdifaom &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u a0g[m&rsm;?
&kyfjya0g[m& u'fjym;rsm;udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/) tcsuftvufrsm;udk rSwfrdod&Sdap&ef/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u txufygwkdYudk 2 rdepfcefY owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;tm;vHk;
aocsmMunhf&IrSwfom;yg/ ¤if;wdkYMunfhaepOf q&mu xkdypönf;wkdY\ t&m0w¦Krsm;udk aumif;pGmjrifEkdif&efvkdtyfonf/
trnfrsm; ajymjyvkdu ajymjyEkdifygao;onf/ BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / t&m0w¦Krsm; okdYr[kwf
3/ xkdyHkrsm;okdYr[kwf ypönf;rsm;udk z,fvkdufyg okdYr[kwf ½kyfyHkrsm;udk BudKwifpkaqmif;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/
zHk;tkyfvkdufyg/
4/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tcsdef 5 rdepfcefYay;NyD; ¤if;wkdYjrifcJhorQudk jyefvnfpOf;pm;csa&;ckdif;yg/

53
11 (7) &kyfjy a0g[m& um;csyfrsm;
1/ rnfonfhpum;vHk;rsm;udk tm&Hkpkdufvkdonfudk
ausmif;om;rsm;ua&G;cs,f&rnf/ ausmif;om;rsm;
rSwf&cufaeaom toHk;vkdaom pum;vHk;rsm;udk
a&G;cs,f&ef q&mu tm;ay;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk u'fjym;10csyfrQay;yg/
ausmif;om;rsm;u a&G;cs,fxm;aom pum;vHk;rsm;
pum;pkwkdYudk wpfu'fwGif wpfvHk;a&;&rnf/
3/ u'fjym;\ aemufwpfzufwGifatmufygwkdYteufwpfckck​
udka&;&rnf/
●● wpfzufygpum;vHk;\ bmomjyefcsuf
●● t"dyÜg,fzGihfqkdcsuf okdYr[kwf t"dyÜg,fwl
tjcm;pum;vHk;
●● xkdpum;vHk;udk xnfha&;xm;aom 0gus
●● okdYr[kwf wpfzufygpum;vHk;udk
o&kyfazmfyHkqGJxm;jcif; (http://educasia.org
wGif&&SdEkdifaom &kyfjya0g[m& u'fjym;rsm;udk
toHk;jyKEkdifygonf)/
11.7
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u a0g[m&opfrsm;\
t"dyÜg,fESihf zGJUpnf;yHkudk rSwfrdod&Sdap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;wpfOD;csif;pDwGif tenf;qHk;
u'fjym; 10 ckcefYvkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/
able to speak
multi-lingual many langauges
bmompum;rsdK;pHkajymwwfw,f
Hmmm... multi-lingual.
I think ‘lingual’ is language...
‘multi’ is many. Ah, I know -
many languages!

4/ xkdu'fjym;rsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u​
tdwfxJwGifxnfhodrf;xm;NyD; vrf;oGm;pOf um;pD;pOf
wpfckckapmihfaepOf ponfjzifh- rnfonfhtcsdefürqkd
xkwfMunfhNyD; rdrdwkdY rSwfrd rrSwfrd prf;oyfEkdifonf/

11 (8) uGufvyfjznhf
1/ t"du a0g[m&rsm;azsmufNyD; uGufvyfcsefum 11.8
a&;xm;aom pmykd'fwpfck okdYr[kwf oD;oefY0gusrsm; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u vkdtyfaeaom
okdYr[kwf ar;cGef;rsm; udk a&;om;jyifqifyg/ a0g[m&rsm;udk &SmazGazmfxkwfay;Mu&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u oifykef;rS okdYr[kwf
tqkdyg uGufvyfrsm;udk
avhusihfcef;pm½Gufay:rS vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/
●● closed (tajzrSef wpfckwnf;omjznhfEkdifaom BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / a0g[m&tcsdKU csefNyD;a&;xm;aom
uGufvyf) tjzpfjyifqifxm;Ekdifonf/ okdYr[kwf pmwpfyk'f jyifxm;&efvkdonf/
●● open (tajzrSef rsm;pGmjznfhEdkifaom uGufvyf)
tjzpfvnf; jyifqifxm;Ekdifonf/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u pmykd'frS uGufvyfrsm;udk rdrdwkdYbmom pum;vHk;rsm; pOf;pm;í jznhfpGuf&rnfjzpfonf/

Lek Tho is a medium sized _____ on the river. It has quite a

_____ population, but there’s a lot to _____ there. There’s a
cinema, a sports stadium, a _____ and a lot of restaurants
and teashops. There’s _____ teachers training college too, _____
a lot of students _____ there. The teacher’s college _____ a large
library. Everyone is allowed to go there to _____ books.

xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI ykdrkday;NyD; vG,fulatmifvkyfay;vkdvQif a&marTxm;aom tajzrsm;ay;NyD; a&G;cs,fjznfhpGufapjcif;

jzpfonf/ aemufyHkpH wpfrsdK;rSm tajzrsm;udk (multiple choice) uGufvyfwpfckpDtwGuf tajzoHk;ckrQpDay;um
tajzrSefa&G;ckdif;apjcif;jzpfonf/

54
11 (9) oifykef;qDta&muf tajy;NydKifr,f 11.9
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJU 2 zGJUokdYr[kwf 3 zGJYay;yg/ oifykef;udk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
a'gifvkduf tydkif;rsm;ydkif;NyD; wpfzGJYudk wpfykdif;pDydkifqkdifaMumif; topfoif,lxm;aom a0g[m&rsm;udk rSwfrdNyD;
owfrSwfay;yg/ tzGJYrsm;u oifykef;&Sd&mbufudk rsufESmrlNyD; jyefa&;&ef/
tcef;wpfzuf wef;pDrwfwyf&yfyg/ wpfzGJUukd rmum owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;tzGJUvkduf
wpfacsmif;pD? okdYr[kwf ajrjzLwpfacsmif;pDay;yg/ vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfNyD; oifykef;qDokYd
ajy;vTm;&jcif;&SdaomaMumifh qlqlnHnH &SdEkdifonf/
2/ q&mu tm;vHk;ukd ar;cGef;wpfckar;vkdufyg/ tzGJYtm;vHk;
tajzrSefudk pOf;pm;NyD; yxrqHk; tzGJY0ifu oifykef;qDokdY ajy;í BudKwifjyifqifrI// topfoifxm;aom
rdrdwkdYykdif tykdif;wGif tajzudk a&;&efjzpfonf/ tajzrSefudk a0g[m&rsm;twGuf ar;cGef;rsm; jyifqifxm;
t&ifqHk; a&;NyD;onfh tzGJYu wpfrSwf&rnf/ &rnfjzpfonf/

A long, yellow fruit

1 lll 2 llll 3 ll
banana ba

3/ tzGJYwGif;&Sd ausmif;om;tm;vHk; tajzxGufa&;NyD;onftxd okdYr[kwf ar;cGef;rsm;ukefoGm;onftxd q&mu

ar;cGef;rsm;qufar;yg/ tNyD;wGif trSwftrsm;qHk;&xm;aom tzGJUu tEkdif&onf/
,ckavhusihfcef;udk o'´gavhusihfcef;rsm;twGufvnf; vkyfEkdifonf/ Oyrm past participle oif&mwGifjzpfonf/ q&mu
verb wpfckudk ajymvkdufNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u oifykef;wGif participle yHkpH a&;&jcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/

taMumif;t&mwpfckukd rnfrQ od&Sdxm;aMumif; ppfaq;&efvnf; oHk;Ekdifonf/ xkdtaMumif;t&mudk ar;cGef;xkwfNyD;

ausmif;om;rsm;u tajza&;jcif;jzpfonf/

55
11 (10) o&kyfazmfajymqkdyg
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfzGJYESihf txuf zGJYay;yg/ wpfzGJYpDwGif
o&kyfazmfajymqkday;rnfholwpfOD;pDa&G;yg/ xkdolwkdYudk
o&kyfazmfajymqkd&ef​pum;vHk;wpfckudk tjcm;rnfolrQ
rMum;apbJ q&mu wdwfwdwfav;ay;yg/
2/ xkdo&kyfazmfolwkdYu tzGJUqDjyefMuNyD; rdrdtzGJUu
xkdpum;vHk;ukd rSef;Ekdifatmif
o&kyfazmfajymjy&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYokdYajym&mwGif
pum;vHk;udk wkduf&kdufazmfjyjcif;r[kwfbJ
11.10
●● t"dyÜg,fzGihfqkdcsufudk ajymjyjcif; &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u topfoif,lxm;aom
●● vuf[efajc[efjzifh ajymjyjcif; a0g[m&rsm;udk o½kyfazmfajymqkdjcif;? o½kyfazmfcsufudk
●● Oyrmrsm;ay;jcif; em;axmifNyD; a0g[m&udk rSwfrdod&Sdjcif;rsm;vkyf&ef/
●● qefYusifbuf t"dyÜg,frsm;ajymjyjcif; ponfwkdY owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfNyD;
vkyfEkdifonf/ o½kyfazmfoludk wpfzGJUvHk;u aocsmpGmjrifEkdif&rnfjzpfonf/
vkyfief;pOftwGif; qlnHaevdrfhrnf/
3/ pum;vHk;trSefudk yxrqHk; rSef;Ekdifaom tzGJUu
wpfrSwf&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ xkdYaemuf tzGJYtm;vHk;u o&kyfazmfajymqkdol
aemufwpfOD;a&G;yg/ txufygtwkdif; qufupm;yg/
tqHk;ü trSwftrsm;qHk;&&Sdaeaom tzGJYu tEkdif&onfh
tzGJYjzpfonf/
ykdrdkuRrf;usifrI&Sdaom ausmif;om;rsm;udkrl pum;pkrsm;ay;í
o&kyfazmfckdif;Ekdifonf/

steal, rob

usually with guns

It’s a phrasal verb

burglar
GIVE ME ALL
YOUR MONEY NOW!

dacoit

hijacking

hold up

56
11 (11) pum;vHk;ya[Vd
11.11
pum;ajym&if;tajzñdS &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmrS pum;vHk;rsm;udk
1/ ausmif;om;rsm; pl;pkduf&ef vkdtyfaom pum;vHk; 20 ausmif;om;rsm;u t"dyÜg,fzGihfqkdjcif;? rSwfrdjcif; ?
cefYa&G;cs,fyg/ ¤if;pum;vHk;rsm;udk pum;vHk;quf toHk;jyKajymqkdjcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyf&ef/
ya[Vd tuGufESpfckwGif wpf0ufpDxnfhoGif;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;ESpfOD;wGJpDvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/
http://educasia.org wGif&&SdEkdifaom crossware BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pum;vHk;ya[VdtuGuf
udkoHk;ívkyfEkdifygonf/ wpf0ufpDjyifxm;&rnf jzpfonf/

1 2 1 2
m a l a r i a m a
3 3
o n f
4 5 4 5
k n e e u s k e
6 6
t e e t h t t l v
7 7
e y e h o e e
m r
8 9 10 11  8 9 10 11 
h e a r t h a t s f
12 12
o n e e c o o e
13 13
e a r a h e r l
14 14
d o d e l

2/ xkdYaemufausmif;om; wpfOD;csif;pDudk ya[VduGuf wpfckpDudkay;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdY&aom tuGufxJwGif

ygvmaom pum;vHk;rsm;udk rnfokdY tpazmfay;&rnfudk jyifqifyg? Oyrm - xkdpum;vHk;rsm;\ Oyrm om"ursm;?
t"dyÜg,fzGihfqkdcsufrsm;? t"dyÜg,fwlpum;vHk;rsm;pojzihf/
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;tcsif;csif; rdrdwkdYya[Vdrsm;wGifjznfh&efvkdaeao;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk tjcm;olrsm;udk
ar;jref;vQufjznfh&rnfjzpfonf/

2 down is the
1 across is a disease you get part of your body that joins
from mosquitoes. your feet to your legs.

11 (12 ) trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;xm;aom tu©&mrsm;

11.12
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;avhvmaeaom oifcef;pmESihf oufqkdifonfh
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u a0g[m&rsm;udk
acgif;pOfav;ckudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;vkdufyg/ Oyrm -
tm;vHk;0kdif;0ef;pOf;pm; &rnfjzpfonf/
animal / food / country / object
owdjyK&ef/ / 3 OD;rS 5 OD;wzGJUzGJUNyD;vkyfaqmif&
2/ tu©&mwpfvHk;a&G;yg okdYr[kwf ausmif;om;rsm;udk a&G;cdkif;yg/ rnfjzpfonf/
xkdtu©&mukd oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/ Oyrm - C [k qkdygpkdY/
ausmif;om;rsm;u tzGJUvkdufpOf;pm; acgif;pOfav;ckpvHk;twGuf C ESihf paom pum;vHk;wpfvHk;wpfvHk;pDpOf;pm;&SmazG​
&rnf/ Oyrmtm;jzihf [líjzpfrnf/
eat / carrot / Canada / computer
3/ tzGJUwpfzGJUu acgif;pOfav;ckpvHk;twGuf pum;vHk;wpfvHk;pD&Sm awGUNyDqkdvQif &yf[k atmf&rnfjzpfonf/ NyD;aemuf
&xm;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk ajymjy&rnf/ tm;vHk;rSefygu wpfrSwf&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ tjcm;tu©&mwpfckudk xyfa&G;NyD; qufupm;yg/ trSwftrsm;qHk;&onfhtzGJU tEdkif&rnfjzpfonf/

57
11.13 EIwfa&;yef;csD 11.13
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;oif,laecJhaom oifcef;pmwGifyg aom &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u o½kyfazmfcsufrsm;udk
t&m0w¬Krsm; yg0ifaom jrifuGif; ajymjyem;axmifMu&rnfjzpfonf/
tcif;tusif;&kyfyHkum;csyfrsm; jyifqifyg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;ESpfOD;wGJpDvkyfaqmif&rnf​
ausmif;om;wpfOD;vQifyHkwpfrsdK; ay;EkdifouJhokdY jzpfonf/
ESpfykHwnf;jyifNyD; rdwÅLvHkavmufpGmul;NyD; BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;oif,laeonfESihf
ausmif;om;ESpfOD;wGJwdkif;udk xkdESpfyHkpDom ay;jcif;vnf; oufqkdifaom taMumif;t&m tjzpftysuf
vkyfEkdifygonf/ &kyfyHkrsm;udk &dk;&Sif;vG,fulpGm jrifuGif;rsdK;ygonfh yHkrsm;pkaqmif;yg okdYr[kwf qGJom;yg/
qGJom;jyifqifEkdifonf/
Oyrm -
There’s a tall man
●● vrf;ñTefjcif;? jrdKUwpfNrdKUwGif&Sdonfh ae&mrsm;taMumif; (ajryHkwpfck ? vrf;wpfvrf;\ wearing trousers, a
"gwfyHk) T-shirt and a hat.
●● tpm;taomufrsm;? ta&twGufrsm; ? xnfhp&mrsm; (rD;zkdacsmifcef;wpfck\yHk?
pifwpfpifay:wGif ypönf;rsm;wifxm;yHk)
●● vlrsm;? t0wftpm;rsm;? vIyf&Sm;[efrsm; (vlwpfOD;\"gwfyHk? trsdK;rsdK; vIyf&Sm;
vkyfaqmifaeMuaom vlrsm;yg0ifonfh jrifuGif;wpfckyHk)
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u ESpfOD;pDwJGay;yg/ yxr ausmif;om;twGuf yHkwpfyHk ay;yg/
aemufwpfa,mufu xkdyHkudk rjrifap&atmifudkif&rnf/
3/ xkdYaemuf yHk&xm;onfh ausmif;om;u xkdyHktaMumif;udk EIwfjzifh o&kyfazmfajymMum;yg/ 'kwd,ausmif;om;u
em;axmifNyD; xkdyHkudk rSef;qqGJom;&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ qGJNyD;NyDqkdu e*kd&&Sdxm;onfh yHkESihf 'kwd,ausmif;om; qGJvkdufonfh yHkudk ,SOfMunfhyg/ rnfrQwlygovJ/
5/ 'kwd,ausmif;om;rsm;udk aemufwpfyHkay;yg/ txufygenf;twdkif; yxrausmif;om;rsm; yHkqGJtvSnhfjzpfonf/
11 (14) trsdK;trnf&Smjcif;NydKifyJG 11.14
1/ ausmif;om;rsm; avhvmaeonhfoifcef;pmESihf oufqkdifaom​​trsdK;​ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / trsdK;tpm;rsm;tvkduf
trnfacgif;pOfwpfckay;vkdufyg/ t&m0w¦Krsm;udk 0kdif;0ef;pOf;pm;Mu&ef/
Oyrm - owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;udkoHk;NyD; wpfwef;vHk;
0kdif;0ef;aqG;aEG;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
2/ ay;xm;onfh acgif;pOfatmufwGif0ifrnfh t&mwpfckckudk
ausmif;om;wpfa,mufcsif;udk tvSnhfus pOf;pm;NyD;ajymckdif;yg/
rdrdtvSnhfwGif ajymNyD;om; t&mudk jyefajymrdjcif; okdYr[kwf rpOf;pm;Ekdifawmhjcif;jzpfvQif upm;enf;rS xGufay;&rnf/
3/ wpfa,mufNyD;wpfa,mufxGuf&mrS wpfOD;wnf;om usefawmhonfhtxd qufpOf;pm;ajymqkdMuyg/ aemufqHk;usefcJhonhf​
ausmif;om;rSm tEkdif&oljzpfonf/ twef;vlrsm;ygu tzGJYcGJívkyf&ef/
11.15
11 (15) ukd,hfukd,fukd xnhfa&;yg &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmrS
1/ oifMum;rnfh a0g[m&rsm;ukd oifykef;ay:wGif twGJvkdufcsa&;xm;yg/ a0g[m&rsm;udk toHk;jyKMu&ef/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;uIESihf oifykef;ay:rS pum;vHk;wpfvHk;vHk;ygaom 0gusrsm; owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; wpfOD;csif;
ajym&ef okdYr[kwf a&;&efjzpfonf (oifykef;ay:rS pum;vHk;udk oHk;NyD; rdrdESihf okdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wGJ okdYr[kwf tzGJUvdkuf
oufqkdifonfhtaMumif;wpfckck a&;&efjzpfonf)/ vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/

ydkcufapvkdvQif pum;vHk;ESpfvHk;oHk;vHk;udk 0guswpfaMumif;wnf;üxnfhoGif;ajymqkda&;om;ckdif;Ekdifonf/

interesting important
tutor reservoir My cousin has an
bank turtle important job in a bank.
undertake silly

58
 o'´gOD;pm;ay;
12/ o'´gavhusihfoif,ljcif;vkyfief;pOfrsm;
o'´g(grammar) wnfaqmufyHkrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm; em;vnf&ef oHk;wwf&ef vkdtyfonhftcg þavhusihfcef;
vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ þtydkif;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;xm;rI tqihf ay:rlwnfNyD; tpOfvkdufpDxm;ygonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIrsm;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;udk tpykdif;wGifazmfjyxm;NyD; xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI r&Sdaom
vkyfief;pOfrsm;rSmrl tqHk;wGif&Sdygonf/ okdY&mwGif vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef; trsm;pkrSm xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIudk vkdovkd
jyKjyifajymif;vJay;Ekdifonfh avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuygonf (aemufqufwGJ 1 udk&I)/
tjcm;tydkif;rsm;rS vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef;tcsdKUudkvnf; o'´g (grammar) wnfaqmufyHkrsm;avhusihfoif,l&mü
toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
1.6 ar;cGef;vJjcif; 8.7 pmydk'fudk ajymif;vJa&;om;jcif;
5.8 ar;cGef;&Smyg 9.11 u'fjym;ay:rSm ajymp&m
8.2 rSm;,Gif;a&;xm; 0gusrsm; 11.5 trSwf twGJ
8.3 pum;pkrsm;aygif;xnfhay;yg 11.8 uGufvyfjznfh
8.4 punctuation rsm;aygif;xnfhay;yg 11.9 oifykef;qDta&muf tajy;NydKifr,f
8.5 adverbs rsm;aygif;xnfhyg 13.4 pum;vHk; tydwfoHrsm;

12 (1) tpm;xkd;NyD; xyfwvJvJavhusihfjcif; 12.1

1/ oifMum;&ef (grammar) ukdoHk;NyD; oifykef;ay:wGif &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifcef;pmrS
0guswpfaMumif; a&;om;yg/ Oyrm – present simple twGuf 0guswnfaqmufyHkrsm;ESihf 0guswnfaqmufjcif;
jyK&ef/
I like bananas
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;rS ay;xm;onfrsm;ESihf
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;ukd xkd0gus &Gwfzwfcdkif;yg/ xkdYaemuf tpm;xkd;&ef vkyfaqmif&efjzpfonf/ oifykef;rSpmudk
tjcm;pum;vHk;wpfckudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;vkdufyg/ Oyrm - zwfMuaomaMumihf qlnHaernfjzpfonf/

I like bananas beef

I like beef
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u a&;vkdufaom pum;vHk;ukd oHk;NyD; 0gus
topfwpfaMumif; &Gwfqkd&rnf/ pum;vHk; topfrsm; xyfí
xyfí ay;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;u 0gus topfrsm; xyfí xyfí
&Gwfqkd&rnfjzpfonf/
beef eat I eat beef

beef eat don't I don't eat beef

beef eat don't my mother

My mother doesn't
eat beef

59
12 (2) a&marTxm;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk 0gus
jyefpDyg
1/ 0gustwGif;rS pum;vHk;rsm;udk ae&mrus
arTaemufxm;aom 0gus 5 aMumif;rS 10 aMumif;txd
oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdpum;vHk;rsm;udk jyefpDvsuf 0gus
trSef jyefa&;&rnfjzpfonf/
xkdokdYa&;&mwGif tcsdKUpmaMumif;rsm;udk wpfrsdK;xufykdíjyefpDEkdif
vdrfhrnf/ tar;0gusESihf tajz0gus tcsdKUwkdYwGif pum;vHk;
twlwlyif&SdaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
12.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / wGJpyfEkdifaom ar;cGef;rsm;ESihf tajzrsm;udk
rSwfrdod&Sd&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;avQmuf
oGm;Ekdif&efvkdtyfonf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ar;cGef;rsm;udk pm½Guftykdif;av;rsm;​
ay:wGifa&;xm;&rnf/ xkdar;cGef;wpfckpDESihf wJG&rnfh
tajzrsm;udk tjcm;pm½Gufrsm;ay:wGif a&;om;xm;&rnf/
12.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / 0guswGif;rS pum;vHk;rsm;udk
e*dk0gustwdkifjyefjzpfonftxd jyefpD&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pDokdYr[kwf
ESpfOD;wGJpD odkYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmif&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / twGif;rS pum;vHk;rsm;udk tpDtpOf
rusatmif a&marTa&;xm;aom 0gusrsm;
jyifxm;&rnf/
12 (3) tar;ESihf tajz rSefatmifwGJyg
1/ oifMum;vkdaom grammar udk toHk;jyKxm;aom
tar;tajzrsm; jyifqifa&;om;yg/
pm&Gufydkif;av;rsm;ay:wGif ar;cGef;rsm;udkwpfckpD a&;yg/
¤if;wkdY\ tajzrsm;udk rl tjcm;pm&Guftykdif;rsm;wGifa&;
yg/ pm&Gufrsm;tm;vHk;udk a&marTvkdufNyD;
ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk pm&Guf wpf&GufpDay;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;NyD;
rdrd&xm;aom ar;cGef;twGuf tajz&Sdonfholudk
okdYr[kwf rdrd&xm;aom tajz\ar;cGef;&Sdonfholukd
vkduf&Sm&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ awGUNyDqkdu q&mudk vmjy&rnfjzpfonf/
tar;tajzrSefygu jyefxkdifEkdifNyD; rSm;aeao;u
jyefoGm;NyD; ar;cGef;trSef tajztrSefukd
jyef&Sm&efjzpfonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk pm&Gufudk MunfhNyD; ar;cGihfajzcGihfjyKEkdif​
ouJhokdY rdrdar;cGef;^tajzudk tvGwfrSwfNyD;
ajymckdif;jcif;vnf; jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/

Where do you go
after English class? Where do you go
after English class?

Usually to
24, but the library.
sometimes
more.

60
12 (4) ar;cGef;a&;yg
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;oif,laecJhaom grammar
o'´gwnfaqmufyHkudk oHk;í tajzpum;0gus
tcsdKUudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/
●● closed jzpfaom tajzrsm;a&;Ekdifonf/
(ar;cGef;wpfckwnf;om &SdEkdifaom
tajz0gusrsdK;) qkdvQif
Yes, I like eating mangoes.
wpfckwnf;aom ar;cGef;rSm (wpfckwnf;aom
oihfawmfEkdifrnfhar;cGef;rSm) [kjzpfonf/
●● open jzpfaom tajzrsm;a&;Ekdifonf/
(ar;cGef;rsm;pGm ESihf oihfawmfEkdifaom
tajzrsdK;)
one hundred and twenty-three.
txufygtajztwGuf ar;cGef;rSm how many ESihf
poifhonf/ okdYaomf tjcm; jzpfEkdifacs&Sdonfh
ar;cGef;rsm;pGmvnf; &SdygOD;rnf/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdtajzrsm;ESihf oihfawmfrnfh
ar;cGef;0gusrsm;a&;om;&efjzpfonf/
Open jzpfaom tajzrsm;udk ay;í ar;cGef;a&;apygu
rnfolu okdYr[kwf rnfonhftzGJUu
pdwf0ifpm;p&mtaumif;qHk; ar;cGef;udk
ar;Ekdifrnfenf;[k NydKifqkdifckdif;Ekdifao;onf/
12.5
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmrS
wnfaqmufyHk structure rsm;udk oHk;NyD; 0gusrsm;
rSefuefpGma&;om;&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / oifykef;wGifay;xm;onfrsm;udk
oHk;ívkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/
12.4
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ay;xm;aom tajzrsm;twGuf oihfawmfaom
ar;cGef;rsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm;u a&;ay;&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;pDokdYr[kwf ESpfOD;wGJpD
odkYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmif&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / tajzrsm; BudKwifjyifxm;&efvkdonf/
12 (5) jyefYum;vmaom 0gusrsm;
1/ oifykef;ay:wGif Bud,mwpfcka&;jyyg/
2/ xkdpum;vHk;ESihf 0gustpjyKa&;Ekdifap&ef ausmif;om;rsm;qDrS
pmvHk;wpfvHk; okdYr[kwf ESpfvHk;oHk;vHk;pm pum;pk wpfck awmif;NyD;
oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/
3/ 0gusudk ydkrdk&Snfvsm;vmap&ef txufygenf;twkdif; pmvHk;
wpfvHk; okdYr[kwf ESpfvHk;oHk;vHk;yg pum;pk wpfck xyfawmif;yg/
Oyrm -
eaten
He had eaten
He had eaten fruit
He had eaten lots of fruit
He had eaten lots of frut for dinner
He had eaten lots of fruit for his dinner.
He hadn't eaten lots of fruit for his dinner
He hadn't eaten lots of fruit for his dinner, and was
hungry
4/ tu,fíausmif;om;rsm;u o'´grrSefaom pum;vHk;rsm;
ajymqkda&;om;apyg a&;ay;vkdufNyD; rrSefaMumif;ausmif;om;rsm;
olwkdYudk,fwkdifjrifonftxd tenf;i,fapmihfyg/ rSm;aeaMumif;
rjrifygu bmrQ rajymao; r&Sif;jyao;bJ rSm;aeonfh
pum;vHk;rsm;ukd zsufyg/ xkdYaemuf 0gusukd xyfjznhf&ef
pum;vHk;rsm; qufajymMuygap/
twef;vlrsm;ygu tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifMuygap/
61
12 (6 ) èèèèèèaomol 12.6
wpfa,mufa,mufudk &Smyg &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmrS wnfaqmufyHk
structure rsm;udk oHk;NyD; ar;cGef;rsm;ar;jref;ajymqkdap&ef/
1/ ausmif;om;rsm; wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; ar;jref;Ekdifrnfh owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;NyD;
taMumif;t&m 5 ckrS 10 ckxdudk wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; ar;jref;ajzqkdMu&rnf/ qlnHrnfjzpfonf/
oifykef;ay:wGifa&;íjzpfap? avhusihfcef;pm&Gufay: BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ar;jref;&ef
wGifa&;íjzpfapjyifqifyg/ a&;om;rnfhtaMumif;t&m taMumif;t&mrsm; jyifqifxm;ay;&rnf/
wkdYrSmausmif;om;rsm;oif,laeaom o'´gESihf
oufqkdifaom t&mwkdYjzpfoihfygonf/
Oyrm -
Adverb of frequency rsm;udk oifaecsdefjzpfygu
- find someone who usually walks to class.
- find someone who never eats pork.
Past simple udk oifaecsdefjzpfygu
- find someone who went to hospital recently
- find someone who got up late today.
2/ azmfjyxm;aom taMumif;t&mwkdYESihf udkufnDaomoludk ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif; avQmufoGm;vQuf tcsif;csif;
ar;cGef;rsm; ar;um &SmazG&rnfjzpfonf/ awGUvQif xkdolwkdY\ trnfrsm;udk a&;xm;&rnfjzpfonf/

Do you usually No, never.

No, I take Do you
walk to class?
the bus. eat pork?

3/ tu,fí ausmif;om;rsm;u rnfolrQr&Sd[kqkdvQif pm&if;wGif nobody [k a&;apNyD; aemufig;rdepfcefYjzpfap

tcsdKUausmif;om;rsm; ar;cGef;tcsdKUNyD;onftxdjzpfap xyfrH ar;jref;cGifh ay;yg/
þavhusihfcef;udk oifcef;pmwpfckNyD;onfhtcgwGif oHk;&ef oihfawmfygonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;taeESihf oif,lNyD;orQudk
þavhusihfcef;ESihf toHk;csEkdifonf/
oifwef; topfwpfcktwGufvnf; toHk;0ifygonf/ ausmif;om;tcsif;csif;wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; ykdrkdod&Sd cifrif&ef
ulnDay;Ekdifonf/ xkd&nf&G,fcsuftwGufrl tv’myov’my ar;cGef;rsm; xnfhxm;ay;Ekdifonf/
Oyrm - Find someone who is a university student, Find someone who likes playing football, Find someone who
can play the guitar. ponfwkdYjzpfonf/

62
12 (7) vkdufvHar;jref; avhusihfcef;
1/ ajym&rnhft&mrsm;udk yHkrsm;okdYr[kwf pmom;rsm;ESihf
jyxm;Ekdifrnfh u'fjym;av;rsm;jyifqifjyKvkyfyg/
Oyrm – Would you likeèè? udkoifae​onfh​​
tcsdefjzpfyguatmufygu'fjym;rsdK;jzpf Ekdifonf/
or go to a teashop
12.7
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u oifcef;pmrS wnfaqmufyHk
structure rsm;udk toHk;jyKavhusihfMuap&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;NyD;
pum;ajymqkdMu&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / pum;pajymjzpf&ef tpjyKay;Ekdifonfh
pum;vHk;rsm; ½kyfyHkrsm;ygaom u'fjym;av;rsm;
jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/

þu'frsm;udk http://educasia.org rS &&SdEkdifonfh vocabulary picture cards software udk toHk;jyKNyD;

jyKvkyfjyifqifEkdifygonf/
2/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDukd u'fwpfu'fpDay;yg/ ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;vQuf oifMum;xm;onfh
wnfaqmufyHk (structure) ESihf u'fjym;ay:rS ajymp&mwkdYudk aygif;pyfNyD; ar;cGef;rsm;ar;Mu ajzMu&efjzpfonf/
- Can you___? cards with action words, or pictures of actions.
- Is/are there___? cards with items in car a classroom or town, or pictures of these.
- What would you do if___? cards with problems, or pictures of difficult situations.
3/ wvSnhfar;NyD; ajzNyD;wdkif; u'fjym;rsm;vJvS,f&rnf/ xkdYaemuf vlajymif;NyD; qufar;&ajz&rnfjzpfonf/ Structure
tawmfrsm;rsm;twGuf ,ckavhusihfcef;udk toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ OyrmtcsdKUrSm -
●● Can you ___? twGuf action verb rsm;ygaom okdYr[kwf vIyf&Sm;[ef&kyfyHkrsm;ygaom u'frsdK; oHk;Ekdifonf/
●● Is/are there ___? twGuf pmoifcef;xJ&Sd ypönf;trnfrsm;? NrdKUwpfNrdKU&Sd t&mrsm; okdYr[kwf ¤if;wkdYyHkrsm;
●● What would you do if ___? twGuf tcuftcJjyóemrsm;? tcuftcJtjzpftysuf yHkrsm;ygaom
u'frsdK;oHk;Ekdifygonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u þavhusihfcef;ESihf &if;ESD;oGm;NyDqkdvQif olwkdYudk,fwkdif u'fjym;rsm; a&;qGJjyifqifckdif;Ekdifygonf/

12 (8) trSef 2 ck rkom; 1 cGef; 12.8

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;u oif,lcJhNyD;onfh structure udk oHk;NyD; 0gus
oifcef;pmrS wnfaqmufyHk structure rsm;udk
oHk;aMumif; a&;om;&rnfjzpfonf/ ¤if;oHk;aMumif;wGif ESpfaMumif;rSm
toHk;jyKavhusihfMuap&ef/
trSefjzpfNyD; wpfaMumif;rSm vdrfnmrkom;jzpf&rnf/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;pDwGJay;vsuf rdrdwkdY 0gusrsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpDvkyfaqmifMu&rnf/
tcsif;csif;tvSnhfus ajym&rnf/ xkdtcgem;axmifolu
rnfonhf0gusonf trSef r[kwfaMumif; rSef;&rnf/ I’ve never been
to China.
You haven’t lived
here for 20 years. I’ve lived here
for 20 years.

I’ve won a lot of

competitions for painting
and poetry.

þavhusihfcef;ukd oifcef;pmaemufykdif; vkyfief;pOfwpfck tjzpfvnf; toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ Oyrm climate change taMumif;

oifNyD;vQif -
- Climate change is mostly caused by carbon dioxide. (True)
- Climate change started in 1900. (False)
- Cutting down trees causes climate change. (True)

63
12 (9) MuufajcESihf puf0kdif; 12.9
1/ 3uGuf ywfvnf Z,m;uGuf wpfuGufqGJyg/ wpfuGufwkdif;wGif &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
ausmif;om;rsm;oif,laecJhonfh pum;vHk;rsm;xnfha&;yg/ oifcef;pmrS structure words rsm;udk
2/ twef;udk ESpfzGJUcGJyg/ wpfzGJUu MuufajccwfjzpfNyD; usefwpfzGJUu toHk;jyKavhusihfMuap&ef/
puf0kdif;jzpfonf/ yxrqHk;tzGJUu pum;vHk;wpfvHk;udk a&G;yg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om; 20 xufykdonfh
xkdpum;vHk;udk 0gus wpfaMumif; a&;&ef wpfrdepfay;yg/ oifwef;rsm;wGif þavhusihfcef;vkyf&ef
cufcJrnfjzpfonf/
3/ ¤if;wkdY\ 0gusukd tjcm;tzGJUukday;NyD; ppfaq;ckdif;yg/ rSefuefygu
xkdpum;vHk;&Sdonhfae&mudk ¤if;wdkYtzGJU\ trSwftom; MuufajcokdYr[kwf
puf0kdif;qGJyg/
4/ aemufwpfzGJU\ pmvHk;a&G;NyD; 0guszGJYtvSnhfjzpfonf/ some any many
5/ tzGJUESpfzGJUu ¤if;wkdY\ Muufajc okdYr[kwf puf0kdif; oHk;ck a'gifvkdujf zpfap?
tvsm;vkdufjzpfap? axmihfjzwfjzpfap twef;vkduf&&Sd&ef a lot of few less
BudK;pm;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
þavhusihfcef;udk qefYusifbufpum;vHk;rsm;oifMum;&mwGifvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifonf lots much more
(tzGJUrsm;u Z,m;uGufxJrS pum;vHk;\ qefYusifbufpum;vHk;udk ajymjcif;)/ t"dyÜg,fwl
pum;vHk;rsm;oifMum;&mwGifvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifonf (Z,m;uGufxJrS pum;vHk;ESihf
t"dyÜg,fwlaompum;vHk;udk ajymjcif;)/ ar;cGef;0gusrsm;oifMum;avhusihf&mwGifvnf;
toHk;jyKEkdifonf (Z,m;uGufxJwGif tajzrsm;a&;xm;NyD; tzGJUrsm;u oihfavsmf&m ar;cGef;udk ajym&jcif;)/

12 (10) tusdK;qufrsm;
1/ clause ESpfckygaom 0guswpfaMumif;udk ajymqkdjcif;jzifhpwif& 12.10
rnfjzpfonf/ xkd0gusrSm ausmif;om;rsm;udk oifMum;aeonfh &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
structure oHk;xm;aom 0gusjzpf&rnf/ Oyrm - first conditional oifcef;pmrS wnfaqmufyHk structure rsm;udk
oifMum;aejcif;jzpfygu [kpajymjcif;jzpfonf/ toHk;jyKNyD; 0gusrsm; a&;om;avhusihf&ef/
2/ ajymNyD;onfh 0gus\ 'kwd, clause udk ausmif;om;wpfOD;u ,lí owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;wpfOD;udk wpfOD;
aemuf0guswpfaMumif;jzpfatmif tjcm; clause wpfckESifh aocsmpGmMum;Ekdif&efvkdonf/
qufay;&rnf/ Oyrm -
If I buy a new house, I will get a swimming pool.
[k qufajymjcif;jzpfonf/
3/ ausmif;om;rsm;u NyD;oGm;onfh 0gusrsm;\ aemufqHk; clause udk oHk;í 0gusrsm; tqihfqihf xyfrHzGJUMu&rnf/
If I get a swimming pool, all my friends will visit me.
If all my friends visit me, I will have to provide food and drinks for them.

atmufygpum;vHk;wkdYESihfvnf; clause ESpfckygonfh 0gusrsm;zefwD;Ekdifygonf/

because: Kyaw Kyaw was late to work because his car broke down.
his car broke down because he didn't look after it.
He didn't look after it because he had no money, etc.
while: I rang you while you were having a shower.
I was having a shower while my father cooked dinner.
My father cooked dinner while TV was on,etc.
twef;vlrsm;aeygu tzGJUcGJNyD; aqmif&Gufyg/

64
12 (11) rdrdukd,fudk,f &SmazGjcif; 12.11
1/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDu ausmfMum;olwpfOD;OD;\ emrnfudk &nf½G,fcsuf/ / vlwpfOD;okdYr[kwf t&m0w¦K wpfckudk
pm&Guftykdif;wpfckay:wGif a&;NyD; rdrdab;u ausmif;om;\ azmfxkwfod&SdEkdif&ef ar;cGef;rsm;ar;jcif;udk avhusihf&ef/
ausmzufwGif uyfay;&rnf/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;​
vsuf pum;ajymqkdMu&efvkdtyfonf/
2/ xkdYaemuf ausmif;om;rsm;u tjcm;olwpfOD;OD;xHoGm;NyD;
rdrdb,folrSef;od&atmif (yes/no questions rsm;)
ar;cGef;rsm; ar;&rnf/
Was I born between 1900 and 1950? Not When was I born?
Am I from Myanmar? Not Where I am from?
Am I real? Not Am I real or fictional?
3/ ar;vkdufonfh ar;cGef;udk yes [k ajzygu ar;cGef;qufar;&rnfjzpfNyD; no [k ajzygu vlajymif;ar;&rnfjzpfonf/
4/ ausmif;om; trsm;pku rdrdb,folrSef;od&SdazmfxkwfNyD;onhftcg &yfEkdifygonf/

Am I alive?
Yes, you are.
Am I female?

Yes, you are.

Angelina Jolie Do I star in movies?
Yes, you do.
Am I from
Southeast Asia?

þavhusihfcef;udk vltrnfrsm;ESifh tjyif wd&pmäeftrnfrsm;? t&m0w¬Krsm;ponfwkdYESihfvnf;oHk;Ekdifygonf/

12.12 12 (12) ckHajymif;xkdifyg

&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
oifcef;pmrS wnfaqmufyHkrsm;
a0g[m&rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;
em;axmifwkefYjyefjcif;wkdYudk
avhusihf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u
(pm;yJGrsm;rygbJ) xkdifcHkrsm;wGif
puf0kdif;yHk 0kdif;xdkifMu&rnfjzpfonf/
Everyone who’s
wearing a watch.
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdifcHkrsm;udk puf0kdif;yHkoP²mef pDNyD; 0kdif;xkdifMu&rnf/
ausmif;om;wpfOD;wnf;uom cHkrygbJ puf0kdif;tv,fwGif &yfaernf/
2/ xkdYaemuf xkdausmif;om;u oifcef;pmwGifoifaeaom structure wpfck
oHk;NyD; 0guswpfckajymvkduf&rnf/
Oyrm -
●● present perfect oifaepOf (everyone who’s been to Bagan,
Everyone who’s never won a competition)
●● possession taMumif;oifaepOf (everyone who’s got watch,
everyone who’s got three brothers)
●● likes and dislikes taMumif;oifaepOf (everyone who hates
cleaning the house, Everyone who likes fishpaste)
●● twef;opfppcsif; tcsif;csif; rdwfqufaepOf (everyone who lives
nearby, everyone who is a teacher)
3/ tv,frS ausmif;om;ajymonfh taMumif;ESihf wkdufqkdifrSefuefonfh
ausmif;om;wkdif;u tjcm;cHkwpfckHudk ajymif;xkdif&rnfjzpfNyD; tv,frS
ausmif;om;u xkdtcsdefwGif vGwfonfhcHk wpfcHkudk 0ifxkdifEkdif&ef
BudK;pm;&rnf/
4/ tv,fwGif cHkr&vkdufbJ usefcJhonfh ausmif;om;wpfOD;&SdaernfjzpfNyD;
¤if;u tjcm;pmaMumif;rsm; xyfajymrnfjzpfonf/

65
12 (13) pum;ajym BudrfvHk;
1/ tm;vHk; puf0kdif;yHkpH 0kdif;&yfyg/ q&mu ab;rS ausmif;om;udk
ar;cGef;wpfckar;yg/ ar;cGef;OyrmtcsdKUrSm
●● wpfOD;taMumif;wpfOD;ar;aom ar;cGef;rsm;​(do you like
swimming? Where do you live?)
●● taxGaxG okw ar;cGef;rsm; (what do rabbits eat?
what’s the past participle of ‘buy’?)
●● structure wpfckckudk avhusihfapaom ar;cGef;rsm; (how 12.13
many children have you got? how much did it rain
last week?) ponfwkdYjzpfEkdifygonf/ &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ar;cGef;rsm;ar;​Mu
ajzMu&ef/
2/ tar;cH&olu ar;cGef;udk ajz&rnf/ tajzrSefvQif
owdjyK&ef/ / tqifajyvQif ausmif;om;rsm;udk
pum;ajymBudrfvHk;av;udk xkdausmif;om;vufxJxnfhvkdufyg/
puf0kdif;yHk 0dkif;vQuf&yfcdkif;yg (okdYaomf rjzpfrae
BudrfvHk;&aom ausmif;om;u ab;rS ausmif;om;udk
xkdokdY&yf&rnfawmhr[kwfyg)/
xkdar;cGef;udkyifjyefar;í BudrfvHk;udk vufqifhurf;&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / BudrfvHk;^wkwfacsmif;^
3/ pum;ajymBudrfvHk;u þenf;jzihf twef;udk ywfí q&mxHokdY vufqifhurf;vSrf;Ekdifaom t&m0w¦K wpfckck
jyefa&mufvmrnfjzpfonf/ xkdyxrBudrfvHk; &Sdxm;&rnf/
twef;ywfoGm;aecsdefwGif q&mu tjcm; ar;cGef;rsm;ESihf
tjcm;BudrfvHk;rsm;udkyg xyfrH vufqihfurf;Ekdifonf/
tvm;wlupm;enf;udkyif abmvHk;wpfvHk;ESihf upm;Ekdifonf/
yxrwpfOD;u ar;cGef;ar;NyD; abmvHk;udk 'kwd,ausmif;om;xHokdY 12 (14) ar;jref;pl;prf;
ypfay;vkdufrnf/ 'kwd,ausmif;om;u ajzNyD; tjcm;olwpfa,muf
(ar;cGef;wpfckwnf;okdYr[kwf tjcm;ar;cGef;wpfck) ar;í 1/ wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; rnfonfh ar;cGef;rsm;ar;Murnfudk
abmvHk;udk wwd,wpfa,mufxH qufypfay;rnf/ wpfwef;vHk;taeESihf pm&if;vkyfyg/ ar;cGef;rsm;rSm
þenf;vrf;ESihf qufvufvkyfaqmifEkdifonf/ wpfOD;csif;pD\ ukd,fa&;tcsuftvufrsm;
ponfwkdYudk ar;jref; pl;prf;aom
ar;cGef;rsm;jzpfoihfNyD; taxGaxG A[kokw
12.14 ar;cGef;rsm;rjzpf&yg/ xkdar;cGef;rsm;udk
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;wpfOD;ESihf wpfOD; oifykef;ay:wGif wpfwef;vHk;twGuf a&;csxm;yg/
ar;cGef;rsm;ajzMuNyD; awGY&Sdcsufrsm;udk jyefvnfwifjyMu&ef/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u tcsif;csif; ar;cGef;rsm;
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpD aqmif½Guf​
tjyeftvSef ar;jref; MuNyD; tajzrsm;udkvnf;
ckdif;&rnf/
a&;rSwfxm;&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ xkdYaemuf rdrdwkdYar;jref;cJholrsm;taMumif;udk
twef;udk (twef;vlrsm;ítzGJUcGJxm;u tzGJUudk)
jyefvnf ajymjy&rnfjzpfonf/

Min Min’s favourite band is Iron Cross.

His favourite food is ice-cream. His favourite actor is Kyaw Hein,
although he also really likes Judi Dench. He doesn’t like travelling on
boats because he gets sick. He likes cooking and...

66
 toHxGuf OD;pm;ay;
13/ toHxGuf avhusihfoif,ljcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;
þtykdif;rS vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk ausmif;om;rsm; pum;pjrnfajymqkdjcif;rsm; (dialogues )? toHrsm;? pum;vHk;rsm;? 0gusrsm;udk
toHxGufjcif;tm; pl;pkdufavhusihf&mwGiftoHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ pum;vHk;rsm; 0gusrsm;udk toH tzd tazmhESifh ajymqkdjcif;?
toHtedrfhtjrihfrsm;? Asnf;oH o&oHwpfckjcif; ponfwkdYudk aumif;pGmavhusihfEkdifap&ef þtydkif;rS avhusihfcef;
vkyfief;pOfrsm;u &nf&G,fygonf/
tjcm;tydkif;rsm;rS vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef;tcsdKUudkvnf; toHxGuf avhusihfoif,l&mü toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
4.8 aysmufuG,foGm;aom pmvHk;rsm; 11.7 &kyfjy a0g[m& um;csyfrsm;
9.1 avoHwD;wkd; 11.12 trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;xm;aom tu©&mrsm;
10.6 o&kyfaqmifjcif; 12.1 tpm;xkd;NyD; xyfwvJvJavhusihfjcif;
11.2 bif*dk 12.5 jyefYum;vmaom 0gusrsm;
11.5 trSwf twGJ 12.9 MuufajcESihf puf0kdif;

13 (1) tzdtazmhudk aumfvHcJGjcif; 13.1

1/ oifykef;ay:wGifoifMum;rnfh pmvHk; rsm;a&;yg/ xkdYaemuf &nf½G,fcsuf/ / ausmif;om;rsm;ar;cGef;rsm; ar;Mu
pum;vHk;wpfvHk;\ toHxGuf tzdtazmhudk jyonfh ajzMu&ef/
aumfvHrsm;ygaom Z,m;wpfckudk atmufygtwdkif;qGJyg/ owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u oifykef;udk MunfhNyD;
aqmif½GufEkdif&rnfjzpfonf/

food water shampoo telephone computer magazine

2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u a&;xm;onfhpum;vHk;rsm;\ toHxGuftvkduf Z,m;wGif;oifhawmf&mtuGufwGif;wGif

¤if;pum;vHk;rsm;udk xnfhay;yg/
þavhusihfcef;udk syllables rsm;cGJjcm;onfhtcgwGifvnf;toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/ syllable wpfoH ESpfoH oHk;oHpojzihf
aumfvHrsm;cGJNyD; ausmif;om;rsm;u pum;vHk;rsm;udk xkdaumfvHrsm;atmufwGifxnfh&jcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/

67

13.2
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / pum;ajymrsm;udk oHaeoHxm;
trsdK;rsdK;oHk;NyD; o½kyfaqmif&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJpDaqmif½Guf​
ap&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / ausmif;om;rsm;odNyD; jzpfaom o'´g?
0guswnfaqmufyHkrsm;ESihf ½dk;&Sif;vG,fulaom
pum;ajympmom;wpfyk'f BudKjyifxm;&efvkdonf/
13 (3) tar;wpfcGef; tajzrsm;pGm
1/ yes/no ar;cGef;wpfckudk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;yg/ Oyrm - Are
you going to the shops with Ma Ma tomorrow?
1/ xkdar;cGef;ukd ae&mtrsdK;rsdK;ü toHzdajymjcif;jzifh (stress udk
ajymif;ajymjcif;jzihf) tajztrsKd;rsdK; rnfokdY&Ekdifrnfudk
ausmif;om;rsm;u pOf;pm;Mu&efjzpfonf/ Oyrm -
pmvHk;tBuD;ESihfa&;xm;aom ae&mrsm;udk zdajymjcif;jzihf
wpfzufyg tajzvkdcsifí ar;onfhtoHaygufapjcif;jzpfonf/
Are YOU going to the shops with Ma Ma tomorrow?
Are you going to the SHOPS with Ma Ma tomorrow?
Are you going to the shops with MA MA tomorrow?
Are you going to the shops with Ma Ma TOMORROW?
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u stress trsdK;rsdK;ESihf ar;cGef;rsm;udk
tjyeftvSef ar;MuajzMu&rnfjzpfonf/
ESpfOD;wGJajymjcif;jzpfap twef;wGif; avQmufoGm;íjzpfap
ar;&ajz&rnfjzpfonf/ tajzrsm;udk &Gwfqkd&mwGifvnf;
tajzajymif;onfESihf toHtzd (stress) ygajymif;onfudk
ausmif;om;rsm; aocsm&GwfqkdEkdifap&ef vkyfay;xm;yg/
68
13 (2) cHpm;csufESihf ajymyg
1/ ausmif;om;rsm;ukd ESpfOD;pDwGJay;yg/ pum;ajym ​
(dialogue or conversation) wpfyk'f udk rdwÅLqGJNyD;
wpfwGJudk wpf&GufpDay; yg (rdwÅLr&Sdygu
vkduful;a&;ckdif;Ekdifonf)/ ausmif;om;rsm;u
xkdpum;ajym udk avhusihfMunfh&efjzpfygonf/
2/ xkdokdYavhusihf&mwGif tvGefpdwftm;xufoefaom
aysmf½Tifwuf<uaom cHpm;csuf&SdyHkESihf pum;ajymckdif;yg/
3/ xkdYaemuf xkdpum;ajymukdyif tvGefpdwf"gwfusaeonfh
avoHrsdK;​ESihf ajymckdif;yg/ tjcm;aom cHpm;csuf
trsdK;rsdK;ESihfvnf; ajymckdif;Ekdifygonf – pdwfr0ifpm;
*&krxm;aomavoHrsdK;? a'gooH?
eufeufeJeJawG;íajymoH? pyfpk avhvmoH ponfwkdYESihf
xyfrHavhusihfckdif;Ekdifygonf/
13.3
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / ar;cGef;udk oHaeoHxm; ​trsdK;rsdK;
ajymif;ajymjcif;jzifh vkd&if;trsdK;rsdK; ajymif;Ekdifonfudk
avhusihf&ef/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udkESpfOD;wGJpDaqmif½Guf​
ap&rnf/
No, I’M not going,
but Naw Moo is.
No, we’re going to the
CINEMA.
No, I’m going with SU
SU.
No, we’re going
NEXT TUESDAY.
13 (4) pum;vHk; tydwfoHrsm; 13.4
1/ 0gusESpfaMumif;wGJrsm; a&;om;jyifqifyg/ wpfaMumif;rSm &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifMum;vkdaom toHxGufudk 0gusxJwGif
oifaeonfh structure udk oHk;xm;NyD xnhfajymonfhtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;toHudk
aemufqifwlwpfaMumif;rSm structure udk rSwfrdod&Sd&ef/
roHk;xm;onfhwpfaMumif;jzpfonf/ Oyrm - past owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u q&m½Gwfzwfjyonfudk
simple udk oifaecsdefjzpfygu aumif;pGmMum;Ekdif&efvkdtyfygonf/
I love you like a brother.
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / 0gus tpHkvkdufrsm; jyifqifxm;&ef
I love you like a brother. vkdygonf/
tpHk 20 cefYrQa&;om;jyifqifyg/
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk rwfwyf&yfckdif;yg/ q&mu xkd0gusrsm;udk tpOfvkdufr[kwfbJ &Gwfqkdrnfjzpfonf/ oifaeonfh
structure trSefudk Mum;ygu ausmif;om;rsm;u vufrsm;udk acgif;ay:wifNyD; structure r[kwfonfh 0gusqkdygu
vufrsm;udk cg;ay:axmuf&rnfjzpfonf/
3/ vufrSm;xm;aom ausmif;om;u xkdifvkduf&rnf/ þenf;jzihf ausmif;om; wpfOD;wnf;usefonftxd okdYr[kwf ​
0gusrsm; tm;vHk;ukefoGm;onftxd qufvkyfyg/
þavhusihfcef;udk minimal pairs rsm;twGufvnf;oHk;Edkifygonf/ oifaeonfh toHygonfh pum;vHk;ESihf Asnf;wlaomfvnf;
toHuGJonfh aemufpum;vHk;wpfvHk;ESihf wJGqkdjcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/
Oyrm / 3: / oHudk oifaeygu bird ESihf bad pum;vHk;wGJudk oHk;Ekdifonf/ / I / oHudk oifaeygu bit ESihf beat uJhokdYaom
pum;vHk;ESpfvHk;wGJrsm;udk oHk;NyD; txufyg avhusihfcef;udk vkyfEkdifygonf/
txufyg avhusihfcef;wGif xkd0gus ESpfaMumif;wGJrsm;udk rdrdu zwfjcif;r[kwfbJ ausmif;om;rsm;udk zwfckdif;jcif;vnf;vkyfEkdif
ygonf/ twef;udk zwfjyjcif;? tzGJUcGJíwpfzGJUpDwGif wpfOD;pDu zwfjyjcif;rsdK;wkdYjzpfonf/

The vegetables
are in the basket.

69
13 (5) toH&Sd&m &Smjyyg 13.5
1/ oifMum;avhusihfaeonfh toHxGufrsm;ygaom &nf½G,fcsuf/ / oifMum;vkdaom toHxGufudk pmxJwGif
pmwpfyk'fokdYr[kwf 0gusrsm;udk ay;yg/ Oyrm - xnhfajymonfhtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u ¤if;toHudk
schwa sound oifaeygu rSwfrdod&Sd&ef/
I have got a basket of bananas, a large
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;udk wpfOD;csif; okdYr[kwf
carton of delicious oranges and a ESpfOD;wGJpD okdYr[kwf tzGJUvkduf vkyfaqmifckdif;&efvkdonf/
beautiful mirror. I got them at BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / oifMum;vkdaom toHxGufrsm;ygaom
supermarket yesterday afternoon. pmykd'f wpfykd'f jyifqifxm;&efvkdonf/
pmtwGif; xkdtoHxGuf b,fESpfae&mwGifygonfukd q&mu
ajymjyvkdu ajymjyEkdifonf/ (,ckOyrm wGif schwa
sound 17 ae&mwGifygygonf/) 13 (6) o&oHwlrsm; tkyfpkzGJUyg
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;u rnfonfhae&mrsm;wGif 1/ /t/ oH syllable wpfck omygaom pum;vHk;rsm;udk pm&Guf​
xkdtoHxGuf&rnfudk owfrSwf&SmazGyg/ xkdYaemuf tydkif;av;rsm;ay:wGifa&;yg/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk
xkdtoHxGufrsm;udk rSefuefpGmxGufNyD; xkdpmudk wpfykdif;ay;Ekdifonf txd&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ o&oHwpfrsdK;ukd
zwfMunfhyg/ pum;vHk; 3 vHk;rS 5 vHk;cefYtxd a&;&rnfjzpfonf/​
I have got a basket of bananas, a large Oyrm -
carton of delicious oranges and a beautiful /u:/ fruit, choose, blue, two, queue
mirror. I got them at the supermarket
yesterday afternoon. /u/ book, put, good, push
/a:/ aunt/ half/ laugh/ part
/^/ run, front, does, flood, suck
13.6 2/ ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk pm&Gufwpfykdif;pDay;yg/
&nf½G,fcsuf/ / o&oHtrsdK;rsdK;aom pum;vHk;rsm;udk ausmif;om;wpfOD;pDu rdrd&aom pum;vHk;udk &GwfqkdvQuf
ausmif;om;rsm;u toHxGuf&ef ESihf Mum;od rSwfrd&ef/ twef;wGif; ywfoGm;ae&rnf/
owdjyK&ef/ / ausmif;om;rsm;u twef;wGif;​
3/ 3/ xkdYaemuf ¤if;ESihf o&oH wlonfh
avQmufoGm;Ekdif&rnfjzpfonf/ qlnHrI&Sdrnf/
tjcm;pum;vHk;wpfvHk;udk Mum;vQif xkdolESihf tzGJUzGJU&rnf/
BudKwifjyifqifrI/ / syllable wpfck omygaom
o&oHwlol rsm;tm;vHk; rdrdwkdYtzGJUrsm;udk
pum;vHk;rsm;a&;xm;onf h pm½Guftydkif;av;rsm;jyifqif
awGYonftxdqufyg/
xm;&rnf/ ¤if;pum;vHk;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;rsm;ESihf​​
&if;ESD;NyD;om;pum;vHk;rsm;jzpfoihfygonf/

laugh book blue queue

front
should
two

70
aemufqufwGJ 1/ avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk
jyKjyifajymif;vJtoHk;jyKjcif;
avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfwpfckudk jyKjyifajymif;vJ&ef enf;vrf;rsm;rSm þpmtkyfwpftkyfxJwGif rxnhfEkdifatmif rsm;jym;ygonf/
xkdYaMumifh q&mrsm;taeESihf wDxGifyg/ zefwD;yg/ prf;oyf vkyfaqmifMunfhyg/ wpfckcktqifrajyvQifvnf;
pdwfrysufygESihfOD;/ rnfonhfae&mrSm;ovJ jyefpOf;pm;NyD; xkdtrSm;u oifay;onfwkdYudk aemifwpfBudrf owdxm;yg/

1/ avhusihfcef;udk ESpfOD;wGJvkyfaqmifrI tzGJYvkdufvkyfaqmifrItoGifajymif;yg

avhusihfcef; tawmfrsm;rsm;rSm ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJjzpfap tzGJUvkdufjzpfap vkyfaqmifapygu ykdrkdvG,fulvmygonf/
aemufqufwGJ 2c wGif tus,fzwfyg/

2/ NydKifyGJtoGif vkyfaqmifyg
ausmif;om;rsm;udk pdwf"gwfykdrkd wuf<uaponf/ tEkdif&aom taumif;qHk;vkyfaqmifEkdifaom ausmif;om; okdYr[kwf tzGJUudk
qkwpfckck ay;ygu ykdaumif;rnfjzpfonf/

3/ xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIudk tavsmhtwif;jyKvkyfyg (Change the level of control!)

xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI rsm;jym;aom (highly-controlled) avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;onf ausmif;om;rsm;udk
ajymonfhtwkdif; ckdif;onfhtwkdif; ay;xm;onfhtwkdif;om vkyfaqmifapaom avhusihfcef;rsm;jzpfMuonf​(pmul;a&;jcif;onf
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI tjrihfqHk; vkyfief;pOfjzpfonf[k qkdEkdifonf)/ ausmif;om;rsm;taeESihf oif,l&rnfh
taMumif;t&mtopfwkdYudk pawGYonfh tcg xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIrsm;aom avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm; vkdtyfygonf/
okdYrSom EkdifEkdifeif;eif; oif,l toHk;jyKEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ þavhusihfcef;rsm;u userSefuefrI (accuracy) ukd OD;pm;ay;
avhusihfonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI r&Sdaom (free activity) avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfrsm;u ausmif;om;rsm; ESpfouf&mudk
ajymqkda&;om;aponf/ q&mxHrS ñTefMum;ckdif;aprI tenf;i,fom vkdtyfonf/ þavhusihfcef;rsm;u rqGHUrxpf
oGufoGufvufvuf acsmarGUpGm ajymqkda&;om;Ekdifjcif;udk OD;pm;ay;onf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI tjynfhay;aom avhusihfcef;rsm;rSonf xkdokdYr&Sdaom avhusihfcef;rsm;tMum;
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfrI (control) tqihfrsm;pGm &Sdygonf/
þpmtkyfrS vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI trsdK;rsdK;ay;ívnf; ajymif;vJ toHk;jyKEkdifygonf/
avhusihfcef;wpfckwGif a0g[m&opfrsm; structure topfrsm; taMumif;t&mopfrsm; rsm;pGm yg0ifygu ausmif;om;udk x ​ def;​
ausmif;ay;rIydkrdkay;oihfonf/ oifNyD; oifcef;pmudk jyefaET;jcif;? ausmif;om;rsm;odNyD;om;taMumif;t&mudk jyefavhusihfjcif;
wkdYwGifrl uefYowfay;rIudk avQmhay;xm;aom avhusihfcef;rsdK;u ydkrdk toHk;0ifrnfjzpfonf/
xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rIudk tavQmhtwif;vkyfjcif; OyrmtcsdKYjy&vQif
uGufvyfjznfhavhusihfcef;rsm; (Oyrm - 4.7 uGufvyfjznhf&if;pmzwfjcif;? 4.9 twGJtpyfuGufvyfjznfh? 11.8 uGufvyfjznhf)
udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;rI ykdrkday;NyD;vkyfaqmifvkdygu
●● xnhf&rnfhtajzrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif tpDtpOfrusatmif a&marTNyD; a&;ay;xm;jcif;
●● uGufvyfwpfckpDtwGuf a&G;p&moHk;rsdK;pDay;vQuf tajzrSefa&G;apjcif;
●● uGufvyfrsm;wGif tajz\ yxrqHk; tu©&m ay;xm;jcif; wkdYjyKvkyfEkdifygonf/
o&kyfaqmif&onfh avhusihfcef;rsm;udk (Oyrm - 10.6 o&kyfaqmifjcif;) ydkrdk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;vdkygu
●● ausmif;om;rsm;ajymqkd&rnfh ZmwfñTef;udk tptqHk; a&;ay;jcif; (xdef;ausmif;rIjrihf)
●● ausmif;om;rsm;ajymqkd&mwGif xnfhajymoihfonfh t"du a0g[m&rsm;pum;pkrsm;udk a&;ay;jcif;​​
(xdef;ausmif;ay;rI tv,ftvwf) wkdYjyKvkyfEkdifonf/

71
pmrsm; 0gusrsm;udk tpOfvkdufjyefpD&aom avhusihfcef;rsm;udk xdef;ausmif;uefYowfay;vkdygu (Oyrm 4.12 pmwpfyk'fpD
cJGxkwfjcif;? 6.2 pmwpfydk'fudk em;axmifNyD; tpOfvkdufjyefpDjcif;)/
●● pOf&rnfh pmtm;vHk;ukd ray;bJ tcsdKUudk azsmufxm;jcif; (xkdtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u vkdaeonfhae&mrsm;udk
rdrdwkdYbmom pOf;pm;a&;om;NyD; xnhfpDjcif;)
●● t"du a0g[m&rsm;omay;jcif; (xkdtcg ausmif;om;rsm;u xkdpum;vHk;rsm;ESihf 0gusrsm;a&;zGJUum jyefpDa&;&jcif;)
ponfwkdYjyKvkyfEkdifygonf/

72
 aemufqufwGJ 2/ pmoifcef;oHk; enf;vrf;i,frsm;
1/ ausmif;om;udk ñTefMum;csufrsm;ajymMum;ckdif;apjcif
ausmif;om;udk wpfckckvkyf&ef ñTefMum;cdkif;ap&mwGif rajymrjzpfvdkaom tcsuftvufudkom wpfckcsif; t&Sif;vif; tvG,f
ulqHk;ajym&rnf/
&Sif;vif;aom ñTefMum;csufwpfck Oyrmjy&vQif
●● sit opposite your partner (ajymNyD;vQif ausmif;om;rsm; xkdifNyD;onftxd apmihfygOD;)
●● one of you is A (ausmif;om;rsm;udk ay;rnfhpm&Gufay:wGifygaom A ukd vufESihf aocsmaxmufjyyg/)
●● one of you is B (ausmif;om;rsm;udk ay;rnfhpm&Gufay:wGifygaom B ukd vufESihf aocsmaxmufjyyg/)
●● don’t show your paper to anyone (pm&Gufudk 0Sufxm;[ef vkyfjyyg)
●● some things in Picture A are different from Picture B
●● describe your picture
●● you have ten minutes

jzpfEkdifvQif avhusihfcef;wpfckudk tjrJwrf; o&kyfjyvkyfaqmifNyD;rS ausmif;om;rsm;udk vkyfckdif;yg/ Oyrmtm;jzihf 11.13

EIwfa&;yef;csD udk ausmif;om;rsm;tm; rvkyfckdif;rD q&mrS o&kyfjyyHkudk Munfhyg/
1/ q&mu ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk xGufckdif;vQuf rdrdaemufausmbufwGifvmxkdifckdif;yg/
2/ ausmif;om;ukd yHkwpfyHkay;NyD; aemufwpfyHkudk q&mu,lyg/ wpfOD;yHkudk wpfOD; ay;rjrifaMumif;ausmif;om;rsm;awGUygap/
3/ q&mu ausmif;om; A vkyfNyD; ausmif;om;u B vkyfum wpfwef;vHk;Mum;atmif Oyrmwpfck
ajymqkdqGJom;jy&efjzpfonf/
Teacher: Draw a tall tree on the left side.
Student B: (draws)
Teacher: OK, what do I draw?
Student B: Draw a car. There’s a bird on the car.
Teacher: (draws) Draw a house next to the tree.

ausmif;om;rsm;u o&kyfjyjcif;udk MunfhNyD;vQif rdrdwkdY bmvkyf&rnfudk aocsm em;vnf oabmaygufEkdifonf/

jzpfEkdifygu ñTefMum;csufrsm;ay;NyD;rSomvQif rdwÅLpm&Gufrsm; ypönf;rsm;ay;oihfygonf/ okdYrSom ausmif;om;rsm;u
q&majymjy ñTefMum;ajymjyonfudk tm&Hk tjynfhpkdufEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ pm&Gufrsm;BudKay;vQif ausmif;om;rsm;u
pm&Gufrsm;ay: &nf&G,fcsufrJh tm&Hka&muf aejcif;rsdK;jzpfEkdifonf/
ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrday;onfh ñTefMum;csufudk em;vnfjcif;&Sdr&Sd rdrdbmajymxm;vJ jyefar;yg (instruction checking
questions)/

What do you
do first? We get into pairs

and after
that?
I describe a
part of my picture to
my partner

ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf þuJhokdYavhusihfcef;rsm;vkyf&mü tpydkif;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;u vkyfief;pOfudk

r&if;ESD;ao;onfhtwGuf tcuftcJ&SdEkdifygonf/ 'kwd,tcgvkyfjcif; ESihf aemufaemifqufaqmif&Gufrnfh
vkyfief;pOfavhusihfcef;rsm;rSm ydkrkdvG,fulvmygvdrfhrnf/

73
2/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;wGJay;jcif; tzGJUzGJUay;jcif;
avhusihfcef;rsm;pGmu ausmif;om;rsm; ESpfOD;wGJjzpfap tzGJUvdkufjzpfap vkyfaqmif&rnfht&mrsm;jzpfonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;udk
ESpfOD;wGJay;&ef tzGJUzGJUay;&ef enf;vrf; trsdK;rsdK;&Sdygonf/
●● pGrf;aqmif&nf rwlolwkdYudk wpfwGJwnf; wpfzGJUwnf; wGJay;jcif;/ / tzGJUvkdufNydKifyGJvkyfonfhtcg​​(Oyrm - 1.2?
6.8) okdYr[kwf ydkawmfonfh ausmif;om;u tjcm; pGrf;aqmif&nfenf;ao;onfhausmif;om;rsm;ukd ulnDEkdifonfhtcg
(Oyrm - 10.4? 12.14) þokdY zGJUay; wGJay;vQif oihfawmfygonf/
●● pGrf;aqmif&nfwlolrsm;udk wGJay; wpfzGJUwnf; zGJUay;jcif;/ / yg0ifvkyfaqmifaom ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;udk
twlwl tm;pkdufNyD; wpfajy;nD vkyfaqmifNyD;pD;&rnfh avhusihfcef;rsdK;twGuf oihfawmfygonf
(Oyrm - 11.11? 13.2)/
ausmif;om;rsm;udk tzGJUvkdufxkdifckdif; wGJckdif;&ef trsdK;rsdK; ajymqkdñTefMum;Ekdifonf/
●● ab;uyfxkdifaom ausmif;om;rsm;udk twlwl vkyfaqmifckdif;vkdufjcif;u ykdvG,faom tcgrsdK;vnf;&Sdonf/
●● ausmif;om;rsm;udk 1? 2? 3 pojzihf trSwfpOfay;NyD; eHygwf 1 orm; rsm;wpfzGJUae? 2 orm;rsm;wpfzGJU [lí
cGJxkwfvkdufjcif;u ykdaumif;jcif;rsdK;vnf;&Sdonf/
●● cyfqef;qef;enf;vrf;av;rsm;oHk;vkdu oHk;jcif;rsdK;vnf;&SdEkdifygonf (Oyrm tjzLa&mif0wfxm;olrsm; tzGJU1?
tjzLa&mifr0wfxm;vQif tzGJU2 [k cGJay;jcif;)/

3/ pmoifcef;taetxm;udk xm;okdpDpOfjcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;vkyfief;pOfrsm; vkyfukdifaqmif&Guf&mwGif ESpfOD;wGJaqmif&Gufjcif;? tzGJUvkdufaqmif&Gufjcif;?
okdYr[kwf tcef;wGif; vIyf&Sm;oGm;vm aqmif&Guf&jcif;rsm;&Sdygonf/ tcsdKUavhusihfcef;rsm;wGifrl xkdifonfhyHkpHudk txl;wvnf
jyifqifae&mcs&jcif;rsdK;&SdEkdifonf/
ESpfOD;wGJvkyfaqmifrI (pair work) udk rsm;aom tm;jzihf ausmif;om;rsm;udk ESpfOD;csif; rsufESmcsif;qkdifxkdifckdif;NyD;
vkyfaqmifap&onf/ okdYaomf wpfOD;pm&Gufudk wpfOD; rMunfh&aom vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGifrl (Oyrm-11.13) ausmcsif;uyf
xkdifckdif;&rnfjzpfonf/

tzGJUvkdufvkyfaqmifrI (group work) twGufudk rl rsm;aomtm;jzihf pm;yGJcHkwpfcHkwGif 0kdif;xkdifckdif;Edkifonf/ okdYr[kwf

Murf;ay:wGif 0kdif;xkdifcdkif;Edkifonf/ taowyfqifxm;aom cHkrsm;qkdygu a&SUwef;rSxkdifaeolrsm;ukd aemufvSnfhxkdifckdif;NyD;
tzGJUwpfzGJU[kxm;Ekdifonf/ Group A Group B

þtwef;rS vlrsm;u aemufvSnfhNyD;

aemufwef;rS ausmif;om;rsm;ESihf
rsufESmcsif;qkdifxkdifEkdifonf/

þtwef;rS vlrsm;u aemufvSnfhNyD;

aemufwef;rS ausmif;om;rsm;ESihf
rsufESmcsif;qkdif xkdifEkdifonf/

Group C Group D

(mingle activities) twef;wGif;avQmufoGm;NyD; avhusihfajymqkd&aom avhusihfcef;rsm; (Oyrm - 1.6) twGufrl

cHkrsm;pm;yGJrsm;udk tcef;wpfzufokdY a½TUxm;Ekdifygu taumif;qHk;jzpfygonf/

74
4/ Eliciting ausmif;om;udk ajymapjcif;
tvsOf;oihfonhf tcgwkdif; ausmif;om;rsm;udk xifjrifcsufrsm; pum;vHk;rsm; tajzrsm; udk,fwkdifajymygap/ q&mu
ajymjyajzjyvkdufjcif;udk jzpfEkdifvQif wwfEkdiforQavQmhí ausmif;om;xHrSom qGJxkwfyg/
ausmif;om;rsm;ajymEkdifap&ef tpazmfay;jcif; oJvGefprsm;ay;jcif;wkdYjyKvkyfyg/

Koalas live in ______.

Wh... Wh... Ask the question. They eat ______.

Where...

Where do
koalas live?

5/ trSm;jyifqifay;jcif;
ausmif;om;rsm;\ trSm;rsm;udk rnfokdYukdifwG,f&rnf[laom enf;vrf;rsm;pGm&Sdygonf/ tajctaevkdufí trsdK;rsdK;ajymif;vJ
toHk;jyKoihfaomenf;vrf;rsm;vnf;jzpfMuygonf/ enf;vrf;tcsdKUudk atmufwGifazmfjyxm;ygonf/
5 (u) csufcsif;jyifay;vkdufjcif;
awGY&trsm;qHk;? toHk;trsm;qHk;enf;vrf;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ ausmif;om;u trSm;wpfckckajymvkdufrnf/ q&mu
csufcsif;&yfckdif;rnf/ trSefudk ajymjyrnf/ ausmif;om;u xkdtrSefudk xyfajymNyD; a&SUqufonf/
þenf;vrf;u jrefonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh trSefudkvnf; &aponf/ ausmif;om;q&m trsm;pk tom;usaeaom
&if;ESD;aeaom enf;vrf;vnf;jzpfonf/ userSefuefrIukd tom;ay;avhusihfaeaom (accuracy focused) avhusihfcef;​
vkyfief;pOfrsm;twGuf oHk;í oihfawmfaom enf;vrf;wpfckjzpfygonf/
okdYaomf ausmif;om;\ trSm;wpfckudk jyifqif&eftwGuf avhusihfcef;wpfudk Mum;jzwfwm;jcif;udk
owdxm;vkyfaqmifoihfygonf/ txl;ojzihf (fluency focused) rqGHUrxpf oGufvufacsmarGUpGm ajymqkdEkdifa&; tom;ay;
avhusihfaom vkyfief;pOfrsdK;wGifjzpfonf/
xkdvkyfief;pOfrsdK;wGif ausmif;om;trSm;udk csufcsif; 0ifjyifjcif;onf
●● avhusihfcef; tqihfqihf pD;qif;oGm;vmrIudk ysufapEkdifonf
●● t"du &nf&G,fcsufjzpfaom olrsm;em;vnfatmifajymqkdEkdifjcif; (communication) rS aoGzDoGm;Ekdifonf
●● ausmif;om;u q&majymíom vkdufajymvkdufNyD; a&SUqufonf/ tb,fhaMumifh rSm;oGm;rSef; rodvkduf
em;rvnfvkduf qkdonfrsdK;jzpfEkdifonf
●● ausmif;om;rsm;udk ,HkMunfrIenf;aponf
●● bmompum; oif,l&mwGif q&mtay: rSDckdvGef;jcif;jzpfay:apEkdifonf/
txufyg jyóemrsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;NyD; trSm;rsm;udk udkifwG,fEkdif&ef tjcm;enf;vrf;tcsdKUudk azmfjyygOD;rnf/
I was focusing on
getting the correct pronunciation,
so I think some of my vocabulary
was a little strange.

I was trying to
answer quickly.

75
5 (c) trSm;rsm;udk vspfvsL½Iay;xm;vkdufjcif;
trSm;rsm;udk onftwkdif;vTwfay;vkdufNyD; bmrQ 0ifrvkyfjcif;u tqifajyonfhtcgvnf;&Sdygonf/ txl;ojzihf ​
(fluency focused) rqGHUrxpf oGufvufacsmarGUpGm ajymqkdEkdifa&; tom;ay; avhusihfaom vkyfief;pOfrsdK;wGifjzpfonf/
Oyrm pum;&nfvkajymqkdaejcif; okdYr[kwf aqG;aEG;ajymqkdaeMujcif;qkdygu &nf&G,fcsufrSm ausmif;om;rsm;\
tawG;tjrifrsm;udk azmfxkwfNyD; ¤if;wkdYtawG;rsm;udk t*Fvdyfvkdazmfjyjcif;ESihf &if;ESD;atmifvkyfa&;jzpfonf/
t"dyÜg,f&Sif;vif;atmifajymEkdif​aeoa&GUt*FvdyfpmtrSm;rsm; ygaejcif;rSm jyóemr[kwfvSyg/
ausmif;om;wpfOD;OD;u trSm;ajymqkdjcif;aMumifh tjcm;ausmif;om;rsm;u trSm;rsm;rSwfoGm;rnfqkdjcif;rSmvnf;
rjzpfEkdifvSyg/ q&m taeESihf ausmif;om;rsm; rSefuefaom t*FvdyfpmESihf xdawGUrI`rSihfwifEkdif&efudkom
*&kpkdufoGm;oihfygonf/ Oyrm pmzwfapjcif; em;axmifapjcif; q&mESihfausmif;om; pum;ajymjcif;ponfwkdYrS wqihf
rSefuefaom t*FvdyfpmESihfausmif;om;rsm; xdawGUrI ykdrdk&&Sdapjcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/

I think global
warming not most big problem. Many
people in these days still poor so we
should not focus environment.

5 (*) q&mu aemufrS jyifay;jcif;

aemufxyfa&G;p&mwpfckjzpfygonf/ avhusihfcef; vkyfief;pOfNyD;onfhtxd apmihfNyD;rS trSm;jyifqifay;jcif;rsdK;jzpfonf/
ausmif;om;\ trSm;uvnf; vTwfay;avmufonfhtrSm;rsdK;r[kwf? avhusihfcef; tqihfqihfoGm;aejcif;udkvnf; q&mu
raESmihf,Sufvkd qkdonfhtcsdefrsdK;wGif a&G;oihfygonf/ NyD;rS arhoGm;rnfudkpkd;&drfygu avhusihfcef;vkyfaeMucsdefwGif q&mu
NyD;rS jyifay;EkdifrnfhtrSm;rsm;udk a&;rSwfxm;Ekdifonf/
●● trSm;ukd Mum;Mum;jcif; oifykef;ay:wGifa&;rSwfvkdufyg/ xkdtcg vkyfief;pOfrS ausmif;om;rsm;ukd
aESmifh,Sufjcif;r&Sdovkd tjcm;olrsm;vnf; csufcsif;jrifEkdifoGm;onf
●● avhusihfcef;wpfckvHk;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;\ vkyfavh&Sdaom trSm;rsm;udk a&mrSwfxm;NyD; tm;vHk;NyD;onfhtcgrS
trSm;tm;vHk;udk wwef;vHk;taeESihf NcHKíjyefvnfajymjyEkdifonf
●● vkyfief;pOfNyD;onfhtcg ajymcJhonfh trSm;rsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGifa&;csí ausmif;om;rsm;udk jyefvnf 0kdif;0ef;jyifqif
ckdif;jcif;vkyfEkdifonf
●● tu,fí ausmif;om;trsm;pku trSm;wpfrsdK;wnf;udkom 0kdif;rSm;aeMuygu ¤if;twGuf avhusihfcef;tcsdKU
xyfjyifNyD; avhusihfckdif;Ekdifonf/ aemufoifcef;pmwGif xnhfoGif;Ekdifonf okdYr[kwf tdrfpmvnf;ay;vkdufEkdifygonf/

5 (C) ausmif;om;u rdrdbmomjyifjcif;

ausmif;om;u rdrdtrSm;ajymrdonfudk rdrdbmomodNyD; csufcsif;jyifajymjcif;vnf; &SdEkdifygonf/ q&mu 0ifjyifay;jcif;xuf
rdrdbmom jyefjyifcGihfay;jcif;u ausmif;om;rsm;rdrdukd,fukd,f ,HkMunfrI&Sdaponf/ jyóemrsm;twGuf rdrdukd,fwkdif
tajz&Smvkdpdwfukdvnf; tm;ay;Ekdifygonf/
xkdYaMumifh jzpfEdkifygu trSm;wpfckMum;vQif acwåqkdif;vkdufyg/ ausmif;om;u q&mrulbJ rdrdtrSm;udk odNyD;jyefjyifEkdif​rvm;
MunfhMunhfyg/

76
5 (i) q&mu tcsufjyay;jcif;
ausmif;om;u bmrSm;oGm;aMumif;csufcsif;rodygu q&mu
xkwfazmfajymjyjcif;r&Sdao;bJ wpfckckrSm;aeaMumif;
I really like get a lot
tcsufjy[efrsm;vkyfjyEkdifonf/ of homework... no, getting. I like
trSm;trsdK;rsdK;twGuf tcsufjy[ef trsdK;rsdK; getting a lot of homework.
wDxGifxm;Ekdifonf/ Oyrm -
●● pum;vHk;u &SnfvGef;aeaMumif;ajymvkdonfhtcg
uyfxm;onfh vufz0g;ESpfzuf
jyefYum;qGJcGmjyEkdifonf/ (vufz0g;ESpfzufMum;wGif​
pum;vHk;&Sd[efESihf ¤if;pum;vHk;u
&SnfxGufvmoa,mifvkyfjyjcif;)
●● pum;vHk;wpfvHk;aysmufaeaMumif;ajymvkdu vufñdI;
wpfacsmif;axmifjyxm;jcif;
●● toHxGufrSm;aeaMumif;ajymvkdu em;½Gufudk xdjyjcif;
pojzihfjzpfygonf/

5 (p) tcsif;csif;jyifqifay;apjcif;
tu,fíq&mu tpazmfay; t&dyft`rGufjyay; aomfvnf;
ausmif;om;u rdrdbmom rjyifEkdifjzpfaeygu
tjcm;ausmif;om;rsm;udk ulnDay;ckdif;Ekdifao;onf/
tcsdKUausmif;om;rsm; q&mrsm;u þenf;vrf;udk
odyfroHk;csifMuay/ okdYaomf þenf;vrf;wGif
tm;omcsufrsm;&Sdygonf/
●● ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwkdY oif,lrItwGuf rdrdbmom
wm0ef,lvkdpdwf&SdapEkdifonf
I liking a lot ●● q&mtaeESihf xkdausmif;om;\ trSm;rSm
of homework. tjcm;olrsm;yg rodMubJ rSm;aeaom
trSm;jzpfaerae odEkdifonf
●● tjcm;ausmif;om;rsm;u avhusihfcef;ay:
tm&Hk&Sdaerae q&mu odvmEkdifonf
●● tjcm;rnfolrQrjyifay;yguvnf; q&mudk,fwkdif
vG,fulpGmjyifvkduf&Hkom&Sdonf/

77