This is me...

Dosen FK-KMK UGM; Chief Editor the Journal of Hospital

Accreditation; Kompartemen Mutu PERSI; Inisiator Divisi Mutu
PKMK-FKKMK UGM; Pendiri Badan Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan
DIY; Peneliti Utama World Mosquito Program (2013-sekarang);
Anggota Dewan Riset Nasional (2015-now); Pianis. Hobi sepeda
dan tenis meja.
Email: adiutarini@ugm.ac.id; Website: www.adiutarini.id
Instagram: @adiutarinimusik

11/22/2022
 Qualitative Research Camp
Tak Kenal Maka Tak Sayang:
DESAIN
PENELITIAN
KUALITATIF

Prof dr Adi Utarini MSc, MPH, PhD

Department of Health Policy and Management
Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Email: adiutarini@ugm.ac.id, Instagram: @adiutarinimusik
Website: www.adiutarini.id
Outline

2. Getting
1. Quality of a
familiar with
Qualitative Study
qualitative design

3. Types of 4. The research

qualitative design process
Structured reporting guideline available!
www.equator-network.org
Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research
COREQ: 32 criteria

Domain 1: Domain 2: Domain 3:

Research team and Analysis &
reflexivity (8) Study design (15) findings (9)
• Personal • Theoretical • Data analysis
characteristics framework • Reporting
• Relationship • Participant
with selection
participants • Setting
• Data collection
Outline

2. Getting
1. Quality of a
familiar with
Qualitative Study
qualitative design

3. Types of 4. The research

qualitative design process
Meaning vs
Number:
Barriers and
Enablers in
TB treatment
Paradigm and Its implication
PARADIGMA NATURALISTIK IMPLIKASI DALAM PENELITIAN

• Multiple-truth Entity in context (natural setting)

• The relationship between Human as instrument

researcher-those being researched Emergent design

Negotiating meanings
• Mapping causality
Validity and reliability
• Generalizing meaning
Report writing
Quantitative and Qualitative
Outline

2. Getting
1. Quality of a
familiar with
Qualitative Study
qualitative design

3. Types of 4. The research

qualitative design process
When to use Qualitative Study?
▪ To explore health problems..
▪ To assess needs... WHY?
▪ To understand, identify, perceptions, beliefs
▪ To explore feasibility, acceptance HOW?
▪ To identify potential interventions
▪ To develop intervention materials
▪ To document challenges in implementing the
intervention
▪ To design an instrument
▪ To understand failure
Menggali penerimaan
“Meskipun saya sudah menawarkan diri untuk
menunggui di rumah sakit, tetap saja sulit untuk
mengirimkan mereka ke rumah sakit. Mereka
juga sering dimarahi bidannya. Alasan lainnya,
proses pembayarannya lama dan tidak jelas
tempatnya. Kalau di rumah bersalin
pembayarannya cepat, mudah, dan
melahirkannya juga ditunggui oleh keluarga.
Orang di desa lebih menyukai hal-hal yang
praktis, misalnya dekat rumah dan cepat”
(Bidan)
“Di RS, tidak ada tempat bagi keluarga.
Kamarnya dekat jalan raya, bising. Disana banyak
penyakit macam-macam” (Ibu bersalin)
To explore beliefs, knowledge, perceptions of illness
Conclusion

The women recruited from

both a dedicated
Endometriosis Centre and
from the community,
reported similar negative
impacts of endometriosis on
different aspects of women’s
daily lives. Better
understanding of the long
term and wide ranging impact
of endometriosis on women’s
lives at different life stages
could benefit policy makers,
health professionals and the
lay population in reducing the
negative impact of
endometriosis and improving
women’s life experiences.
 Phenomenology Grounded Etnography Action research Case study
Theory
Fokus Memahami Mengembang- Mendeskripsi- Memperbaiki Analisis
Traditions in esensi
pengalaman
kan teori yang
berasal
kan budaya atau
kelompok sosial
sesuatu dan mendalam
meneliti hasilnya tentang kasus
qualitative tentang suatu
fenomena
(grounded) dari
data
tunggal atau
multiple
research Sampel Individual atau Individual atau Lebih sering Lebih sering Individu,
Kelompok kelompok pada kelompok pada Kelompok masalah,
kelompok,
organisasi
Pengumpulan Wawancara yang Wawancara Observasi dan Pengumpulan Multisumber
data panjang dengan dengan 20-30 wawancara data kualitatif bukti
and more over... sekitar 10 orang orang sampai selama periode dan kuantitatif
Mixed Methods Research tercapai saturasi yang panjang (6
bl-1 th)
Analysis data Pernyataan Open coding Deskripsi Deskripsi Deskripsi
Makna Axial coding Analysis Evaluasi hasil Tema
Tema Selective coding Interpretasi dan Assertions
Deskripsi uum Conditional pembelajaran
matrix
Bentuk narasi Deskripsi esensi Model teori Deskripsi Deskripsi Studi mendalam
pengalaman perilaku budaya Komparasi tentang kasus
kelompok Rekomendasi atau beberapa
perbaikan kasus
 Data collection methods

Methods of data collection

Secondary sources Primary sources

FGD

Documents Observation Interviewing Questionnaire

Participant Mailed
Structured
questionnaire
Govt. publications
Earlier research
Collective
Census Non-participant Unstructured
questionnaire
Personal records
Sampling in Qualitative Study
• Menetapkan variasi karakteristik di populasi Extreme case
untuk mengamati suatu fenomena Intensity case
• Representatif secara teori
Maximum variation
• Memilih daerah penelitian dan informan
secara purposif (dengan tujuan tertentu dan Homogenous sampling
teknik sampling yang sesuai) Typical case sampling
• Kriteria utama: richness of information
Snowball
• Dalam proposal, jumlah sampel ditetapkan
secara tentatif Opportunistic sampling
• Kepastian jumlah sampel ditetapkan selama Convenience/accidental
proses pengumpulan data
sampling
• Kriteria utama: saturasi atau kejenuhan data
 Trustworthiness
Isu Kriteria Kriteria kualitatif Strategi
kuantitatif meningkatkan

Kebenaran Validitas Kredibilitas Prolonged observation,

internal triangulation, member
check
Aplikabilitas Validitas Transferabilitas Thick description
eksternal
Konsistensi Reliabilitas Dependabilitas Inquiry audit, decision trails

Netralitas Objektivitas Konfirmabilitas Reflexive diary

Qualitative data analysis
Berbagai proses dan prosedur dari tahap
pengumpulan data ke proses menjelaskan,
memahami atau menginterpretasi sesuatu,
orang, fenomena dan situasi yang diteliti
Outline

2. Getting
1. Quality of a
familiar with
Qualitative Study
qualitative design

3. Types of 4. The research

qualitative design process
 It is an iterative process
QUANTATIVE: LINEAR QUALITATIVE: Study objectives
ITERATIVE PROCESS

Study objectives
Design
Design

Data collection
Data
Analysis
collection
Data analysis

Report writing
Report writing
 “This can really change you... it can
change your approach with people, with
patients ...
like in the construction of the interviews
above all, that is, I initially asked questions
to them too directly, with words a little ...
that is ... too direct, too even a bit
specialized perhaps“

Ghirotto et al. BMC Medical Education (2020) 20:269.

Learning resources:

49 Video since 2021

Still ongoing

https://youtube.com/playlist?lis
t=PLwrAGbcpJHEPN3s5YRswqSSI
YuXpqgzxO