Gender and Society Module 1

Republic of the Philippines
BILIRAN PROVINCE STATE UNIVERSITY

ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Module
In
Gender and Society
John Nicolied L:. Parac

Chemery Alphie Gernie E. Paa
Jocelyn Caing
Main Campus, P. Inocentes St., P.I. Garcia, Naval, Biliran Province, Philippines 6560
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
SUC Level III-A (Per DBM-CHED Joint Circular #B dated June 21, 2007
Website: www.bipsu.edu.ph‫ ן‬Facebook: www.facebook.com/WoWBiPSU
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

OVERVIEW
OF THE
MODULE
PURPOSE OF THE MODULE.

The purpose of this module is to raise gender equity awareness among
students studying both financial and marketing management.
TITLE AND DESCRIPTION

Gender and Society is a three-unit course that ignites awareness to the
students’ understanding of our country’s current problems in Gender
inequality, Gender mainstreaming, Gender preferences, and the likes. It
equips the students with a broader perspective on their gender roles as they
discern stereotypes and discriminations as dictated by the society. It
prepares students to be more gender sensitive inwords and in actions as they
build a new society filled with gender responsive individuals.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society


OVERVIEW
OF THE
MODULE
MODULE GUIDE
Activity - are opening activities of every lesson. This

gives you an idea what to expect in the lesson.
Sometimes, it serves as a review of the topic prior to
the present lesson.
Analysis - are follow-up questions that will let you think and
share your thoughts and ideas in connection with the
Activity.
Abstraction- presents a thorough explanation of the lesson

which includes detailed discussion and examples.
Application - presents realistic problem scenarios that is

required for you to answer
Assessment - are exercises which provides you with an

immediate opportunity to solve a similar problem.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

MODULE OUTCOME:
At the end of this module, the student will be able to:

1. Create a timeline tracking the historical roots of understanding
gender and sexuality.
MODULE
REQUIREMENTS
At the end of the module, students will be making:

1. Timeline tracking the historical roots of understanding gender
and sexuality.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society


Learning Contract
As a student I shall:
1. Answer the Diagnostics Test provided to check what needs to be
learned.
2. Read all the lessons on the module comprehensively.
3. Complete all the activities of every lesson on my own.
4. Practice solving the provided exercises.
5. Ask help from the teacher, when needed.
As a parent I shall:
1. Monitor my child’s schoolwork.

2. Maintain a disciplinary policy with my child,
As a teacher I shall:
1. Provide ample for the students to receive extra help whenever they
needed to.
2. Enforce school rules consistently.
3. Work to make learning an enjoyable environment.
4. To assess students’ completed activities fairly and just.
Signed:5. To provide feedback to monitor students’ progress.
________________________________ _____________________________
Student’s Signature Over Printed Name Parent’s Signature Over Printed Name
__________________________________
Teacher’s Signature Over Printed Name
(Please take a picture of this after signing and send it to me via email)
PRE-COURSE ASSESSMENT
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

INSTRUCTIONS: Answer what is being asked, you may use as much paper as you want.
1. In your own words, how do you define Gender?
- In my own words, gender is a constructive identity based on societal norms. It is how

one perceives themselves, either the same sex given at birth or the opposite.
2. Is there any relationship between Gender and Society? Elaborate your stand.
- Yes, because society can affect how one perceive themselves. The sexual roles that
are set by the community are limited to the given sex at birth, The society expects
you to act how they believe you should act depending on their expectation which
results to either a gender crisis or gender identification.
3. In our country do we need to promote Gender awareness? Why and Why not?.
Explain your answers.
- Yes, we need to promote gender awareness. As a Christian nation, Philippines has

not been open in accepting different gender roles. These has resulted to multiple
negative cases such as discrimination, subjection of freedom and misunderstanding.
Promoting gender awareness can help break these stereotypes and sexism, which
create a peaceful and accepting society.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

Unit one
Gender and
Sexuality as a
Social Reality
Learning Plan
Lesson One: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

Lesson Objectives: SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
 Differentiate sex, gender and sexuality

 Discuss the implication of these
differences.
 Contemplate about your own sexuality
and on the importance of appreciating
sexual diversity.
Definition of Terms
 Sex the biological aspect of sex,
maleness or femaleness.
 Gender the social interpretation of
sex, masculinity, femininity, etc
Sexuality the totality of our own
experience of our sex and gender.
 Sex chromosomes chromosomal markers
that distinguish females (XX) from
male (XY) species.
 Intersex individuals with composite
genitals (possessing some
characteristics of both male and
female genitals).
ACTIVITY
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

Let us think about how gender is portrayed

SCHOOL OF ARTSin your
ANDcommunity.
SCIENCES List
down as many words or phrases used to (a) identify and (b) describe the
following genders.
MEN WOMEN HOMOSEXUALS
- Tough - Feminine - Fun
- Be in a - Soft - Curse
relationship - Modest - Different
with a woman. - Be a mother - Sinful
- Passive - Housewife - No rights
- Unexpressive - Sexy - Respected
- Hard working - Hygienic
- Masculine - Follower
- Be a father - Intelligent
- Leader
- Skilled
ANALYSIS
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society


 What are your thoughts on the words you have listed on the table
above? Elaborate your stand.
- The words listed above are the descriptions and standards that
most of the people set in today’s generation. I, personally,
believe that some of those descriptions do not totally
represent one’s gender rather they create an unhealthy stigma
which needs to be stopped and addressed.
ABSTRACTION
What does it mean to be a male or a female, to be feminine or

masculine, or to be man or woman? The human mind and body are so
complex such that to answer this question, we have to trace our
journey from the moment we were born, and go back to the journey we
humans have across the life span.
First thing you need to understand is the complexities of
defining and differentiating sex, gender, and sexuality. Having a
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

clear grasp of these concepts is crucial since we will be using

these terms over and over again in succeeding discussions. Likewise,
there are nuances in the meanings of these terms, which have an
implication on at which context we can appropriately use them.
Moreover, as we start our discussion of gender and sexuality
as social realities, we also want to understand how a person's
gender is expressed from birth to adulthood. Our ultimate goal is to
foster understanding of the diversity of how humans experience and
express their sexuality.
SEX
Sex is the biological dimension of your gender and sexuality.
Also referred to as biological sex or physical sex, the term
generally pertains to your identity depending on your sexual anatomy
and physiology-the parts of your body that are relevant to
reproduction and the function of these parts. Sex is typically
determined by examining your genitals these are external organs that
are associated with reproduction-the process or the ability to
create offspring.
Among humans, sex is often assigned at birth. If at birth,
a child is observed to have a penis and testicles, then the child is
categorized as male. If on the other hand, a child is observed to
have a vagina, then the child is categorized as female. However,
there are cases when the baby's genitals appear to be a conglomerate
of male and female organs such that it may be difficult to classify

the baby's sex without further examination in the past, this
condition is referred to as hermaphroditism (from Hermes, a male
Greek god, and Aphrodite, a female Greek goddess). In modern times,
the term intersexuality is used to refer to this phenomenon.
Hermaphroditism or intersexuality is a naturally occurring variation
in humans and animals (1 in 1,500 births) according to the American
Psychological Association (APA) (2006).
Since it may be difficult to distinguish biological sex by
merely examining the genitals there are other biological markers
used. For instance, your chromosomes-protein structures which
contain your genetic materials are also used to determine sex. There
are specific chromosomes referred to as sex chromosomes, which marks
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

a person's biological sex An individual with a set of XY sex

chromosomes is said to be a male, while an individual with a set of
XX sex chromosomes is said to be a female. The level of some
hormones chemicals in our body that are responsible for sustaining
bodily processes are also used as markers. For example, human males
tend to have higher levels of testosterone which is associated to
sex drive and aggressions. On the other hand, human females tend to
have higher levels of estrogen and progesterone, which are
associated to lactation, menstruation, and other female reproductive
functions.
GENDER
However, humans are meaning making organisms. Our ability for
higher order thinking and our tendency to create social norms, allow
us to attach social and cultural meanings to things, including our
sex. For example, males are typically expected be masculine and
females are expected to be feminine. Once parents are aware of their
child's sex (male or female) during birth or through prenatal
procedures such as ultrasound, they automatically attach social and
cultural meanings to their child's sex and in doing so, they already
set an expectation in terms of how their child should behave and how
they should treat their child. This social dimension of one's
sexuality is referred to as gender.
There are many ways through which gender is manifested. As soon

as a new baby arrives in the family, adults surrounding the baby
manifests their social interpretation of the baby's sex by the
colors assigned to the baby. For example, it is common for families
to buy blue apparels and toys when the baby is a male, as the color
blue is associated with boyhood Conversely, female babies are often
assigned the color pink, such that families would buy clothes and
toys that are color pink because the color is associated with
girlhood. Remarkably, the moment a baby is born, the name, toys, and
apparels are picked by parents and relatives based on their
interpretation of the baby's sex.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

Throughout childhood and adolescence, this assignment becomes

more complex as the expectations go beyond the kind of clothes worn,
but also in terms of how the person must or must not behave. There
are set of behaviors that all female individuals must follow and so
with the male individuals, and all are expected to stick to these
behaviors that are aligned with their biological sex This phenomenon
of determining the normality of a behavior based on whether it
conforms or not to the expectations relative to one's biological sex
is referred to as heteronormativity. In the Filipino culture, girls
are expected to have certain characteristics of being gentle,
caring, and loving while boys are encouraged to be strong, rough,
and assertive. These expectations also extend to how men and women
are expected to behave, the college courses they take, and the jobs
they apply to
However, there are people who do not follow culturally-accepted
standa YHrds of masculinity and femininity like girls not
wanting to wear dresses and boys not wanting to play rough sports.
This is a natural variation of the human gender expression. Social
and cultural practices change through time. Just 60 years ago, women
could not wear pants without social disapproval, and now wearing
pants is already an accepted fashion trend among people of different
genders.
How we express our gender is largely based on our social and

cultural setting Most are comfortable with their sex and gender, men
who are masculine and women who are feminine. Each culture also has
different standards on how to be a man and a woman and how they
should present themselves according to their sex and gender.
Gender Identity
One important aspect of our gender is our sense of who we
are: Do we see and experience ourselves as a man, a woman, or
neither. This refers to our gender identity. Typically, males are
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

comfortable identifying as a man and females are comfortable

identifying as a woman.
However, there are cases wherein a person's biological sex
does not align with one's gender identity. People with this
experience are referred to as transgenders, such as a male who does
not feel comfortable identifying as a man itransgender woman) or a
female who is not comfortable identifying as a woman (transgender
man). Transgender people may undergo gender reassignment surgery to
align their physical characteristics to their gender identity.
However, due to many factors such as belief systems, culture, and
economics, some do not opt for surgery.
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
Another aspect of our gender pertains to our emotional and
sexual attraction to a person. This aspect refers to our sexual
orientation. According to the Psychological Association of the
Philippines, typically at ages 6 or & we experience or develop
attraction to other people By adolescence, we already know who we
are attracted to and would experiment through dating and
relationships.
Everyone's sexuality is different and deeply personal. Our
capacity for emotional and sexual attraction is diverse and complex,
but there are a few common terms or labels for us to use.
 People who are attracted to the opposite sex are called

'heterosexuals or "straight."
 People who are attracted to people of the same sex are called
"homosexual," "gay" or "lesbian."
 "Bisexual" or "bi" people are attracted to both sexes, male or

female
 LGBT refers to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender

community.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society


APPRECIATING DIVERSITY
According to the American Psychological Association (APA),
nature and nurture play a complex role in shaping our sexual
orientation, Homosexuality and heterosexuality are part of the human
sexuality and is a large part of the human experience
Identifying as a heterosexual, lesbian, bi gay or transgender
is a deeply personal process, so it may be more difficult for others
to come out or for them to become comfortable enough with their
sexuality that they feel safe to share it with other people. For
others, it comes early in adolescence while for some, it may take
time to understand and discover themselves.
According the Psychological Association of the Philippines we
can only truly tell if the person is gay, lesbian, or bisexual if
the person shares with us his or her experiences and feelings of
attraction towards them. That is why it is important for everyone to
feel safe as they share their sexuality since it is a personal and
sensitive topic. We can do that in an environment wherein we do not
feel judged and discriminated upon. People who experience prejudice
and discrimination suffer negative psychological effects (APA), so
we must work towards an inclusive environment where everyone feels
safe.
Summary
The complexities of the human sexuality can be quite overwhelming.
We need to look at our own experience on our journey of discovering
our sense of being a man and a woman for us to understand others. We
also need to engage in conversations with others for us to
appreciate the many different faces of human sexuality.
A baby is born and is given an assigned sex based on its

genitals. In toddler years, they are raised to be a man or a woman'
based on accepted social and cultural standards. We know that these
standards change through time, what is not acceptable now may be
acceptable in the future.
Adolescence is when we discover our emotional and sexual
attraction towards other people For most, it is easy to identify who
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

they are attracted to, but for others, it can be a long and
difficult process. Fostering an inclusive environment wherein
everyone feels safe is very important at this stage.
Page break
1. Create a poem focusing on how you distinguish sex, gender
and sexuality.
Sex is given at birth
Society thinks it defines our worth.
Does it really?
Or just a norm set by the community?
Gender is our own perception

Can be influenced by the society’s conviction
The concept that started the discrimination
A notion that needs cessation
Sexuality, the act of attraction

Based on our own sexual orientation
This expression has been formed
To teach those people who are misinformed
People needs to be woke

Negative stigma should be revoked.
Differences in sex, gender and sexuality
Should be acknowledged, truly.
Tel. (053) 507-0014‫ ן‬Telefax. (053) 507-0014
#WoWBiPSU!
Gender anD Society

Gender and Society Module 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Gender and Society Module 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Republic of the Philippines

BILIRAN PROVINCE STATE UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

John Nicolied L:. Parac