1. What are some cultural beliefs in healthcare?

Cultural Beliefs  refers to customs, social standards, religious belief, and tradition that is
gained and shared among groups of people. It's a personal element that describes where
someone originated from and how their cultural ideas have influenced their current selves. In
the healthcare setting, various cultural beliefs are shared between a patient and a health care
provider, wherein being culturally competitive is highly significant. Professionals are frequently
confronted with the cultural belief that anytime they have a postpartum Muslim patient, the
hospital is expected to honor their beliefs, notwithstanding the disparities between the patient’s
beliefs and the health-care practices. Thus, it is advised that the placenta  should be taken into
consideration, and should not be thrown as per client’s cultural belief. Another example is when
it comes to religious beliefs. Despite the necessity of the process, some people believe that it is
forbidden in their nature to be infused with blood. For example, Jehovah's Witnesses are
obligated to obey their acquired cultural beliefs, despite understanding how critical it is for them
to receive a blood transfusion if they require one.

It is difficult to respond to cultural beliefs; there are occasions where health care
methods do not coincide with the patients' cultural values. However, regardless of cultural
variations, we all recognize that the basic responsibility that is expected in our profession is to
treat all patients with exceptional care, respect, and compassion. This is cultural belief; a health-
care professional's custom or norm with regards to providing service and care.

2. Give at least 5 examples on how to promote and establish culturally competent nursing care.

It is critical to establish culturally competent nursing care, especially when dealing with
patients' cultural beliefs. Hence, having a culturally competent nursing care, is a technique for
eliciting cooperation. Demonstrating that nurses  respected  patients values and needs despite
of cultural differences. To begin, understanding the patient through their language is one way
for promoting culturally competent nursing care. In which, nurses should have translation
services or should be fluent enough in any language that allows them to properly understand
the patient. For example, suppose the patient is Mandaya and can only communicate in their
own dialect. The hospital should also have a nurse who is proficient in Mandaya, or at the very
least a translation service with translator’s present. We can be confident that everything will be
delivered, from nursing assessments to patient complaints in response to their requirements, as
there will be no language barrier.

Continuous learning is expected in our field, thus one method to build culturally
competent nursing care is to have the skills or capabilities to do so. Participating in a Cultural
Competency Training Program might be beneficial. In which it is a way to gain the necessary
abilities and expertise that can contribute on establishing culturally competent nursing care.
Furthermore, nurses will be able to develop relationships with culture and genuinely
comprehend what is in their level of cultural beliefs in this manner. Another option is to include
a thorough plan that is culturally appropriate before starting the service. It states that in order
to minimize disputes, nurses examined cultural characteristics in response to their patient's
demands. We shall be able to get a competent level of cultural awareness in this manner. It can
help build culturally competent nursing care. Other ways to establish, is to incorporate
collaborative care in any means, especially with community health workers. These professionals
can help us understand the used cultural practices of our patients. It is a way where we can
further explore our expertise beyond what is learned in trainings. For instance, in collaboration
of a Community Health Nurse; statistical data or other relevant information that is associated
with patients’ cultural beliefs can be obtained. Lastly, another way of establishing or promoting
culturally competent care is to do cultural research, not only in the means of their tradition,
religion, customs or norms, but as well as their acceptable cultural actions. It is essential that
before facing our patients, nurses should be equipped on what is not or what is acceptable in
the patients’ perspective. Thus, being observant and speculative is necessary, we should not act
if we think it is unnecessary in their view. For instance, it is not accepted in our Muslim brother
and sisters to pin point them, to lay a finger without permission or to stare at them in a long
duration. It is seen as an insult to them. Thus, this created now a barrier, which can affect
promoting culturally competent care. Hence, it is important to be equipped at all cost. A nurse
that is globally and culturally competitive.