المنتقى من كـلام أهـل التبليغ والدعوة - الجزء - الشيخ فريد

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نמلא وאدوאدאאون
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‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫‪@ @ò‹èÏ@òÓbĐi‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪@ @òîäÐÛa@æì÷“Ûa@ñŠa†g‬‬
‫‪@ @‡à«@óÜÇ@‡à«@O@âbßg‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ ) ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ (‬
‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱄ ‪٢٠١٢‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ ) ﺻﻔﺤﺔ (‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺱ ) ‪ ٢١ × ١٨‬ﺳﻢ (‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺍﻉ ‪( ) :‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺍﻉ ‪٢٠١٢ / / :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﱄ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ ﳏﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻒ‬
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‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺩ ﷲ ﺤﻤﺩﺍ ﻴﻭﺍﻓﻲ ﻨﻌﻤﻪ ﻭﻴﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﻤﺯﻴﺩﻩ‪ ..‬ﻭﻨﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﻨﺴﻠﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺨﻠﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺼﻔﻭﺓ ﺃﻨﺒﻴﺎﺌﻪ ﻭﺭﺴﻠﻪ ﺴﻴﺩﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺼﻠﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺒﻌﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﺨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﺎ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﻭﺍﺼل ﺴﻠﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺘﻘﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻫل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ..‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪@ @„î“Ûa‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲ )ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ(@ @‬
‫وﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ واﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻗﻴﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻭﻨﺴــﺒﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﺭﺍﻗﻲ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﻭﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﻠﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻤﻭﻝﺩﻩ ﻭﻨﺸﺄﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﺩ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺒﺭﻴل ﻋﺎﻡ ‪١٩٢٧‬ﻫـ ﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻋﻤﺭﻩ ﺸﻬﺭﺍﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﻩ ﻝﻠﺤﺞ ﻓﻤﺭﺽ ﺇﺜﺭ ﺤﻤﻰ ﻝﺤﻘﺕ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺸﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﺭ ﻭﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﺵ ﻓﻲ ﻜﻨﻑ ﺃﻤﻪ ﺘﺭﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﺘﺭﺒﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺁﺜﺭﺕ ﺃﻻ ﺘﺘﺯﻭﺝ ﻭﺃﻻ‬
‫ﺘﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺭﺒﻴﻪ ﻭﺘﺭﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻫﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻋﺎﻤﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﺩﻩ ﻴﺘﻌﺎﻫﺩﻩ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﻋﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻁﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻨﺎﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺒﻠﻎ ﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺄﺓ‪ :‬ﻝﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺘﻤﻲ ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻌﻠﻘﻲ ﺒﺎﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺴﺎﺱ ﺒﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﻝﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻭﻗﺕ ﻭﺤﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻱ ﻭﻫﺒﻨﻲ ﺠﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻨﺨﻼﺕ ﻝﻲ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺜﺒﺕ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺩﺨل ﻋﻤﻲ ﻭﻏﻀﺏ ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﺍﻝﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻭﻗﻁﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻌﺘﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘﻭل ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﺯﻗﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺒﻜﻲ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺤﺼل‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺒﺭﻴﺢ ﺸﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻓﻘﻠﻌﺕ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﺨل ﻜﻠﻪ!!‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﺸﺄ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ) ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ( ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬

‫ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ﻤﺤﺒﺎ ﻝﻠﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺘﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻔﺎﻑ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻴﻌﺭﻓﻥ ﻜﺸﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﻥ ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻔﻭﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺩ ﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻁﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺒﻴﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﻁﻔﻭﻝﺘﻪ ﻤﺤﺒﺎ ﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻻ‬

‫ﻴﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﺨﺏ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻷﻏﺎﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺤﺕ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺩﺍﺩﻴﺔ ﻴﺫﻫﺒﻭﻥ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺠﻠﺱ ﻝﻭﺤﺩﻩ ﻭﻴﺭﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺎﺏ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻗﺘﻪ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻩ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻫﻭ ﻭﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻗﺭﺍﻨﻪ ﻝﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ )‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻗﺎﺯﻴﻕ( ﻭ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻻ ﻴﺫﻫﺒﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ )ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ( ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺠﺎﺯﺓ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺴﺒﻭﻉ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺒﺘﺩﺍﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺩﺍﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻗﺎﺯﻴﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻭﺍل‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺘﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﻴﺤﻜﻲ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻭﻓﺎﺓ‪ :‬ﻝﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻭﻓﻴﺕ ﺃﻤﻲ )ﺭﺤﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺎﺀ ﺃﺼﺎﺒﻨﻲ ﺃﻝﻡ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻁﻨﻲ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺯل‬
‫ﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺭﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻭﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻗﺎﺯﻴﻕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺴﺘﺭﻴﺢ ﻭﺃﻝﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺯﻤﻼﺌﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻨﺘﻅﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﻴﺱ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﻤﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻲ ﺃﺼﺭﺭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺠﻌﺕ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺍﻷﻝﻡ ﻭﻜﺄﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺒﻲ ﺸﻲﺀ ﻓﺫﻫﺒﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺠﻠﺴﺕ ﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻴﻘﻅﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﺩ ﻭﺼﻠﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ ﺃﺘﻴﺕ ﻷﻭﻗﻅﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻲ ﻗﺩ ﻤﺎﺘﺕ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﻠﻤﺴﺕ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻝﻁﻔﻪ ﺇﺫ ﺃﺘﻰ ﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺠﻠﺱ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻤﻲ ﻗﺒل ﻭﻓﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻻ ﺘﻤﻭﺕ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﻴﺩ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻝﻤﺎ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻨﺘﻘل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﻜﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻪ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺃُﻋﻠﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﻤﻌﻬﺩ ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻁﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻴﻘل ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺨﻤﺱ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﺘﺤﻕ ﺒﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺘﺯﻭﺝ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺎﻗﻪ ﺒﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﻨﻪ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﺒﺎ ﻝﻠﺘﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺒﻴﺩﻩ ﻭﻴﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﻴﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻤﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﺩﺃﺕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻅﻬﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻨﻔﺱ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺤﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺤﻀﺭ ﻝﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﺒﻌﺽ ﺨﻁﺒﻪ ﻭﻜﻼﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﺄﺜﺭﺍ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﻯ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻫﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺍﻀﻊ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﺤﻀﺭﺕ‬
‫ﻝﻪ ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻗﺎﺯﻴﻕ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﻝﻭ ﻁﹸﻠﺏ ﻝﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻷﻋﺩﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﻝﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻤﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﻨﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺓ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺩﺭﹺﺱ ﻻﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎ ﻓﺫﻫﺒﺕ ﻝﻤﻨﺯﻝﻪ ﻓﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ ﻏﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺍﻀﻊ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺴﺠﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺯل ﻤﺼﻨﻭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻗﺼﺎﺼﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻤﺎﺵ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻨﺎ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻴﻨﻬﻰ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺯﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻜﻠﻑ ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﻜﻴﻑ ﻨﺄﻤﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﺯﻫﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺍﻀﻊ ﻭﻻ ﻨﻌﻤل ﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻗﻭﻱ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺤﺼل ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﺩﺍﺙ ﻭﺩﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺸﻔﻊ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅ )ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ( ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻓﺨﺸﻴﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺤﺭﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺄﺼﺒﺢ ﻨﺸﺎﻁﻲ ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﺒﺘﻌﺙ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺨﻼل ﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺱ »ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺼﺭ« ﻝﻡ ﻴﺴﻠﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻁﺵ ﻭﺠﺒﺭﻭﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻋﺘﹸﻘل ﻋﺎﻡ ‪١٩٦٥‬ﻡ ﻝﻤﺩﺓ ﺴﺒﻊ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻥ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻨﺘﺩﺍﺒﻪ ﻝﻠﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ)‬

‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﺒﺈﺩﺨﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺎﺩ ﹶﺘﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻔﻴﺯﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺀ ﺒﺩ ﹰﻻ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻼﺘﻴﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﺃﺜﺎﺭ ﺇﻋﺠﺎﺏ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﻴﻔﺎﺠﺄ ﺒﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺎﻜﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺒﻬﺎ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﺯﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺒﺩﻴﻥ ) ﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﺒﺎﻜﺴﺘﺎﻥ(ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﻁﻠﺒﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﺭﺠﻡ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﺤﺏ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺘﺭﺠﻡ ﻝﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻠﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﻠﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺱ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻜﺙ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺓ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺒﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺤﻭﺍل‬
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‫ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩ ﻭﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺤﺎل ﺍﻝﻀﻌﻑ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺍﻨﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺤﻴ ﹸ‬
‫ﻭﺼل ﺒﻬﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻻ ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒﺔ ) ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ( ﻓﻲ ﺃﺒﺎﻥ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺇﻝﻴﺎﺱ ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﺘﻔﺭﻴﻎ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻏﻴﺏ ﻭﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺭﻏﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺼﺤﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﺩﻤﺎﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭﺍﺌل ﺍﻷﻗﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻭﻁﺌﺕ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺯ ﻭﺠل ﻭﻨﺸﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﺕ ﻤﺩﺓ ﺇﻋﺎﺭﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺏ ﺫﻫﺏ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﻅل‬
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‫ﻗﺎﺌﻤﺎ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﻅل ﻤﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻴﺭﺴﺦ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﻭﺱ‬
‫ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺌﻬﺎ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺒﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺤﻭﻝﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺤﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﻠﺱ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺘﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻴﻬﺭﻭﻝﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﻨﻭﺍﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻝﻠﺠﻠﻭﺱ ﺤﻭﻝﻪ ﻭﺍﻹﻨﺼﺎﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﻜﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺩﻗﺎﺌﻕ ﻭﺜﻭﺍﻥ‪ ..‬ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻤﻊ ﺤﺭﻜﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ ﻜل ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺏ ﻤﻌﻅﻡ ﺩﻭل ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﺸﺭﻗﺎ ﻭﻏﺭﺒﺎ ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ ﻝﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻀﺤﻴﺎﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻬﺭ ﺭﺠﺏ‬
‫‪١٤٣٠‬ﻫـ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻭﻝﻴﻭ ‪٢٠٠٩‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﺴﺄل ﺍﷲ ﻝﻔﻀﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﺨﻠﻪ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺩ‪‬ﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻬﺩﺍﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻨﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻌﻠﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﻪ ﻭﻝﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻢ‪ /‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺠﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺘﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺸﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﻗﺩ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺒﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒـﺩ ﺍﻝـﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺤﺼﻠﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺒﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ) ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺘﻔﻬﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺸﺭﺍﻑ( ‪.‬‬
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‫) (‬
‫) ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻠﻬﺎ (‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ ‬ﹰﻻ ‪‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﺂ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺻ‪‬ﺎﻟ‪‬ﺤﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻴﹶﺌ ﹸﺔ ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ﺑﹺـﺎﹼﻟﺘ‪‬ﻲ ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬‬‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﻮﹺﻱ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ * ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧﻨﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﹲﺓ ﹶﻛﹶﺄ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺣﻤ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ * ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳﹶﻠﻘﹼﺎﻫ‪‬ـﺎ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻓﹺﺈﺫﹶﺍ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻱ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﻆ ‪‬ﻋﻈ‪‬ﻴ ﹴﻢ‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳﹶﻠﻘﹼﺎﻫ‪‬ﺂ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ﺫﹸﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ﹼ‬
‫ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺼﻠﺕ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ٣٥ : ٣٣‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﺓ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـ ﹺﻦ‬

‫ـ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﺳﺒﹺﻴ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻫ َ‬
‫ )‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻌﻨﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺂ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻴ‪‬ـ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ـ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭﹾﻟ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﺔ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻋ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺇﻟﹶـﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﻠﺤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻜ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻭﺃﹸﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﺮ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺱ ﺗ‪‬ـ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺـﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﺮ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻟ‪‬ﻠﻨ‪‬ـﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹸﻛ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺔ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﻟﻜﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺧﻴ‪‬ﺮﹰﺍ ﹼﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻜ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻫ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻜﺘ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ‪‬ﺳﻘﹸﻮ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﹶﺜ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ً ‪
:‬؟‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟‪ .‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺒﺎﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟ ﻫـﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤـﺭ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻀﺤ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺫﻫﺎﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﻤﺩﺭﻜﻴﻥ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻓﻪ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺭﻯ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺤﻘﻘﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻭﻜﻡ ﺤﻘﻘﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ ؟‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٠٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٠٤‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١١٠‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١١‬‬
‫
‬
‫ ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤــﺎﻥ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻏﻴﺒﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺭﺌﻰ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﺼﺩﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻤﻭﺴﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﺭﻓﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺠﺒﺭﻴل ‪:‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﻄﱠﺎ ﹺ‬ ‫" ﻋﻦ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‬‫ﺽ ﺍﻟﱢﺜﻴ‪‬ـﺎ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ﹴﻡ ﹺﺇ ﹾﺫ ﹶﻃﻠﹶ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹲﻞ ‪‬ﺷﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺑﻴ‪‬ـﺎ ﹺ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺫﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹶﻔ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﺮﹸﻓ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﺮ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺮ‪‬ﻯ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﹶﹶﺛ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺷﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺳﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺲ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈ ‪‬ﺳﻠﹶﺎ ﹺﻡ ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺨ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﻛ ﱠﻔ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻟﹶﺎ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈ ‪‬ﺳﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﹶﺎ ﹶﺓ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺳﺒﹺﻴﻠﹰﺎ ﻗﹶـﺎ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺖ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺍ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻄ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺞ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺰﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﺓ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺼ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈﳝ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬‫ﺠ‪‬ﺒﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﺪ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻠﹶﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﺘ‪‬ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﺂ ‪‬ﺧ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٢‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈ ‪‬ﺣﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﻗﹶـﺎ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﺪ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻙ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮﻧﹺﻲ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛﹶﺄ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺌﹸﻮ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻋﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺑﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹺﻞ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮﻧﹺﻲ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺔ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻔﹶﺎ ﹶﺓ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﺓ ﺍﹾﻟﻌ‪‬ﺎﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑﺘ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪‬ﻯ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻠﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﹺﺭﻋ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﺎ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻄﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻄﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻖ ﹶﻓﹶﻠﹺﺒﹾﺜ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ـﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ ﻗﹶـﺎ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﻟ‪‬ﻲ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺪﺭﹺﻱ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎﺋ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻢ )‪. (١‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺟ‪‬ﺒﺮﹺﻳ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃﺗ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﺩ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ﻭﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩ‪ ..‬ﻓﺎﷲ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺒل ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﺭﻋﻭﻥ – ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻌﻨﺔ – ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺁﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﻅﻬـﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ )ﻁﻠﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻐﺭﺒﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺒﺔ … ﺍﻝﺦ ( ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻤﺴﻠﻡ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺩﺭ _ ﺭﻗـﻡ‬
‫‪.٨‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٣‬‬
‫ﳘ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﺒﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺭﻴ‪ ‬ﺭ ﹶﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺩﺨﻭل ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ‪ ،‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺴﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻡ " ‪ :‬ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺤ‪‬ﺎﺑ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶﺎ ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﱡﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﻲ ٍﺀ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﺗﺤ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓﺸ‪‬ﻮﺍ‬
‫‪.(١) " .‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺠﺮﹺﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑﹺﺈﳝ‪‬ﺎﹺﻧ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻢ‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍ َﻷ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺏ ﹶﺃﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺﺂﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻤﺴﻠﻡ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺩﺭ _ ﺭﻗـﻡ‬
‫‪.٨‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﻨﺱ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٩‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺤل – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٠٤‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﲢﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻔﻊ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ ﻫ‪‬ـ ﹾﻞ‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺾ ﺁﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻈﺮ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻻ ﹶﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄﺗ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ‪‬ﻶ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻜ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺇﳝ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ﺁﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄﺗ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪.(١‬ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹺﺇﳝ‪‬ﺎﹺﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻈﺮ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻈ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺏ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﺒﺢ ﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻹﳝﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﺒﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﺘﺩ ﻨﻔﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬

‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﻻ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﻷﻨﻬﻡ ﻜل ﻴﻭﻡ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻌﺎﻡ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٥٨‬‬

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‫ﻭﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ( ‪ :‬ﺍﻝ ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻡ ﹺﺯﺩ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﺇِﻴﻤﺎﻨﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴ‪‬ﻘﻴﻨﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻓﻘﹾﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺯﻴـ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫ﻥ ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃَﺒﻭ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃَﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺩﺍﺀ ‪ -‬ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ‪-‬ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪‬ﻴﻨﹾﻘﹸﺹ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻗﻭلٌ ﻭﻋﻤل‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨﹶﺔ ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ ‪ :‬ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﻭﻜﻴ ‪‬ﻊ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺭ‪‬ﺍﺡ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪َ :‬ﺃﻫ‪ُ ‬ل ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺯﻴ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻴﻨﹾﻘﹸﺹ ؛ ﹶﻓﺯﹺﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺩﺘﹸـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺒﺎﻝ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ـ ﹺل ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻨﱠﺔ ﺃَﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺤﻨﺒل ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺇِﻤﺎﻡ ﺃَﻫل ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻙ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ل ) ﺃَﺨﺭﺝ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ ﺒﺄﺴﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻼﻝﻜﺎﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻘـﻴﻡ ‪ :‬ﺸـﺭﺡ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸﻨﻘﹾﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺒ ﹶﺘﺭ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺃﺼﻭل ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺃَﻫل ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺇﺠﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻌﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ‪ -‬ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ - :‬ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﻭل ﻭﻋﻤل ‪ ،‬ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻌﻀـﻪ ﺃﻓﻀـل ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺽ ‪ .‬ﻭﺴﺌل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﺎل ‪ :‬ﻗﻭل ﻭﻋﻤل ‪ .‬ﻗﻴل ‪ :‬ﺃﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ؟ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻗﺩ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻑ ﻋﻨـﻪ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻱ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻴل ‪ :‬ﺃَﻴﻨﻘﺹ ؟ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺩﻉ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻘﺼﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﻜﹸـ ﹼ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺁ ﹴ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻴل ‪ :‬ﻓﺒﻌﻀﻪ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ؟ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ ‪).‬ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ ﺹ ‪.(٣٣‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻹِﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ‪ -‬ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﻭل ﻭﻋﻤل ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ‪ .‬ﻭﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﺭﺠـل ‪ :‬ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻓﻀل ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻴﻘﺒل ﻋﻤﻠﹰﺎ ﺇِﻻ ﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺫﺍﻙ ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍ ِﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﷲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻻ ﺇِﻝﻪ‬
‫ﺇِﻻ ﻫﻭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺸﺭﻓﻬﺎ ﻤﻨﺯﻝـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺴـﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺤﻅﹰـﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺠـل ‪ :‬ﺃﻻ ﺘﺨﺒﺭﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ؛ ﻗﻭل ﻭﻋﻤل ﺃﻭ ﻗﻭل ﺒﻼ ﻋﻤل ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻤل ﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﺒﻌﺽ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﻤـل‪ .‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻝﻴل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ؟ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺇِﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺠ ﱠل ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻓﺭﺽ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ ﺒﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﺁﺩﻡ ﻓﻘﺴﻤﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺭﻗﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻴﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻪ ﺠﺎﺭﺤﺔ ﺇِﻻ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭ‪‬ﻜﻠﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻐﻴـﺭ ﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﻥ ﻝﻘﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺤﺎﻓﻅﹰﺎ ﻝﺼﻠﻭﺍﺘﻪ ﺤﺎﻓﻅﹰﺎ ﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻤﺅﺩﻴ‪‬ـﺎ ﺒﻜـل‬
‫ﻭﻜﻠﺕ ﺒﻪ ﺃﺨﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﻔﺭ ﹴ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺭﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻪ ﻭﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻝﻘﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺴﺘﻜﻤ َل ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ‪،‬ﻭﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﺸﻲ ‪‬ﺀ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺎﺭﻜﹰﺎ ﻤﺘﻌﻤﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻪ ﻝﻘﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻨﺎﻗﺹ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺠـل ‪ :‬ﻗـﺩ ﻋﺭﻓـﺕ‬
‫ﻥ ﺁ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹸـﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻨﻘﺼﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺇِﺘﻤﺎﻤﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻥ ﺃﻴﻥ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺘﻪ ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ﺠ ﱠل ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ‪ } :‬ﹶﻓ َﺄﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﱠﻝﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﺘﹾ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻨﹰﺎ { ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ ‪ ] .١٢٤ :‬ﻭﻝﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﻻ ﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻝـﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻥ ﻷﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻀل ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺒﻁل ﺍﻝﺘﻔﻀﻴل‪ .‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺒﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺨل ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻨـﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻨـﺔ‬
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‫ﻀل ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﺎﻝﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺨـل‬

‫‪.‬ﻭﺒﺎﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺘﻔﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻔﺭ‪‬ﻁﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ) ﻤﻨﺎﻗﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻝﻠﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ‪. (٣٩٣ - ٣٨٧ / ١ ) :‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﻭل ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﻭل‬
‫ﻭﻋﻤل ؛ ﻗﻭل ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﺴﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻤل ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺠـﻭﺍﺭﺡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤـﺎﻥ ﻴﺯﻴـﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﺎﻋـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ‪.‬ﻤﺠﻤل ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺃﺌﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻑ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﻴﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺴﻁﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩﺍﻝﻭﻫﺎﺏ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ‪ :‬ﻭﺃﻋﺘﻘﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻗـﻭلٌ ﺒﺎﻝﻠﺴـﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻤـل‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﺭﻜﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻨﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﺎﻋﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺒﻀﻊ ﻭﺴـﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﺸﹸـﻌﺒﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ ‪ :‬ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﻻ ﺇِﻝﻪ ﺇِﻻ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺩﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺇِﻤﺎﻁﺔ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ‪ .‬ﻤﺠﻤل ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺃﺌﻤـﺔ ﺍﻝﺴـﻠﻑ‪).‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺒﺎﺌﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻥ )ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ(‪ :‬ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﻭ ) ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻠﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻁـﻕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻠﺴﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ(‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻭ ﻴﺘﻀﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ‪ ):‬ﺇﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻠﺏ‪ ..‬ﻨﻁﻕ ﺒﺎﻝﻠﺴـﺎﻥ‪..‬ﻋﻤـل‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ(‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﺴﻭﻑ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻴﺘﻔﺎﻀل ﻓﻠﻴﺱ ﺍﻹﻗـﺭﺍﺭ ﺒـﺎﻝﺨﺒﺭ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺎﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﺍﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻜﺎﻹﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺒﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻬﺫﺍ ﻗﺎل ﺇﺒـﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ‬
‫ﻥ ﹶﻗﻠﹾﺒﹺﻲ (‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻭ‪‬ﺘﹶﻰ ﻗﹶﺎ َل َﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻝﻡ‪ ‬ﹸﺘﺅْ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺒﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻜﻥ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ‪‬ﻴﻁﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ِﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﹸﺘﺤ‪ ‬ﹺ‬
‫ﺏ َﺃ ﹺﺭﻨ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻜﻴ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ‪ ) :‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ‪ .٢٦٠/‬ﻓﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺇﻗﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻭﻁﻤﺄﻨﻴﻨﺘﻪ ﻭﺴﻜﻭﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﺠﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﻀﺭ ﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻤﻭﻋﻅﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﻝﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺭﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﻴﺨﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﻓﺈﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻜﻤﻥ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺌﺔ ﻤﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻜﺜﻴﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺘﻰ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻪ ﻜﺎﻤل ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﻪ ﺃﺯﻴﺩ ﻤﻤﻥ ﺃﺘﻰ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻪ ﻨـﺎﻗﺹ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺒﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻪ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ ﺃﺯﻴﺩ ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻤل ﻋﻤ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﻗﺹ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ‪ -‬ﺃﻋﻨﻲ ﺇﺜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ ) :‬ﻭﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﻥ ﺁ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹸـﻭﺍ ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻨﹰـﺎ(‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭﻴ‪‬ـﺯ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻝﱠـﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺃُﻭﺘﹸـﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻜﺘﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﱠﻝﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﹶﻜ ﹶﻔﺭ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﻝ ‪‬ﻴﺴ‪ ‬ﹶﺘﻴ‪ ‬ﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶﺘ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﺇِﻻ ‪‬ﻓﺘﹾ ﹶﻨ ﹰﺔ ِﻝﱠﻠﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹾﻨﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٧‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻠﺘﻘﻲ ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﺒﺒﻌﺽ ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ ‪ :‬ﻜﻤـﺎ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺭﺠ‪‬ـ َل ﻤ‪‬ـﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﺔ ِﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﻝﻘ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﺒ‪ ‬ﺩ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺒ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻙ ﻗﹶﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻜﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻤ‪‬ﺎ ِﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺒ‪ ‬ﹺ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃ ﹶﻨ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺭﺠ‪‬ـلُ‪،‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠلﹴ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻐ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻴﻭ‪ ‬ﹴﻡ ِﻝ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹰﺔ‪ ..‬ﻓﹶﻘﹶﺎ َل ﺫﹶﺍ ﹶ‬
‫َﺃﺼ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻴﻘﹸﻭ ُل‪ :‬ﹶﺘﻌ‪‬ﺎ َل ﹸﻨﺅْ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺒﻨﹶﺎ ﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ َل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ! ﺃَﻻ ﺘﹶـﺭ‪‬ﻯ ِﺇﻝﹶـﻰ ﺍﺒ‪‬ـ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﻓﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﺴـﻠﻡ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺔ‪‬؟ ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ َل ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻙ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬‬
‫ﻏ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ ﱢ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﺍﱠﻟﺘ‪‬ـﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺒ‪‬ـﺎﻫ‪‬ﻰ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬

‫ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺠ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫»‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺣ ﹶﺔ ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫«‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟﻤ‪‬ﻼ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻜ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻼﻡ»‬
‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﺠﻠﺴﻭﻥ ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻭﻥ ﻨﻌﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺒـﻪ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻡ ﻤـﻥ ﻫـﺩﺍﻴﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻨﺎ ﺘﻌﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻡ ﺒﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻔـﺎﺨﺭ ﺒﺄﺴـﺒﺎﺒﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﻺﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻜﺎﺜﺭ ﺒﻌﺭﻀﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻏﺎﻓﻼ ﻋﻥ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﻨﺸﻐﻼ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ ﻓﻴﻘﺴﻭ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﻴﺒﺘﻌﺩ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺭﺩﻴﺩ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻻﺘﺯﺍﻥ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺢ ﻏﺸﺎﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﺴﺎﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻐﻁﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺘﻌﻠﻕ ﺃﺸﻭﺍﻗﻪ ﺒﺎﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻨﻘﻁﻊ ﺁﻤﺎﻝﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝـﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻝﻠﻜﻠﻤـﺔ ﺃﺜﺭﻫـﺎ‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺜﺭ‪ .٣١/‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ ) :‬ﻭِﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺃُﻨ ﹺﺯ ﹶﻝﺕﹾ ﺴ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺓﹲ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻴﻘﹸﻭ ُل َﺃ ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻡ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﺘﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬ﻩ ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻨﹰﺎ ﹶﻓ َﺄﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻝﱠـﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻗﻠﹸﻭ ﹺﺒ ﹺﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺭﺽ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﺘﹾ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﹺﺭﺠ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﺇﻝﹶـﻰ ﹺﺭﺠ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ـ ﹺﻬﻡ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪‬ﻭَﺃﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﱠﻝﺫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸﺭ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹸﻭﺍ ﹶﻓﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﺘﹾ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﺇِﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻨﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻡ‪ ‬ﻴﺴ‪ ‬ﹶﺘﺒ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻥ( ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ‪ .١٢٥ - ١٢٤/‬ﻓﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ‪).‬ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ ﻭﺭﺴـﺎﺌل‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻤ‪‬ﺎﺘﹸﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻡ‪ ‬ﻜﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻓﺭ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺍﻝﻌﺜﻴﻤﻴﻥ ‪.(٤٩ / ١‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻤﺴﻨﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪ ١٣٨٢٢/٢٦٥/٣ :‬ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻕ ﺸﻌﻴﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﻨﺅﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﻀـﻌﻴﻑ‪ :‬ﻋﻤـﺎﺭﺓ ﺒـﻥ ﺯﺍﺫﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻨﻤﻴﺭﻱ ﻤﺘﻜﻠﱠﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻔﺭﺩﺍ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺒﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺎﺒﻌﻬﻤـﺎ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩ ‪..‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٨‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺱ ‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺘﺘﻜﺭﺭ ﻗﻭﻻ ﻭﺴﻤﺎﻋﺎ ﻓﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻴﻘـﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﻭﺘﺼـﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺄﻨﻬﺎ ﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﻜﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻻ ﺘﻨﻔﻙ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺫﻜﺭ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﺅﻣﻦ ﺑﺸﺊ ﱂ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ‪..‬؟‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ :‬ﻫﻰ ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ‪ ..‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺍﻋـﻰ ﻭﺍﻝـﺩ ﻋﻤـﺭﺍﻥ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻴﻥ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺘﻌﻅﻤﻪ ﻭﺘﹸﺠﻠﻪ ‪ ..‬ﻓﻁﻠﺒﺕ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻠﻡ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺁﻝﻬﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﺠﺎﺀ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﻠﺴﻭﺍ ﻗﺭﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺁﻩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺃﻭﺴﻌﻭﺍ ﻝﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ‪ ..‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝـﺫﻯ‬
‫ﺒﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﻙ ؟ ﺃﻨﻙ ﺘﺸﺘﻡ ﺁﻝﻬﺘﻨﺎ ‪ ..‬ﻓﻘﺎل ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ‪ ..‬ﻜﻡ ﺘﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻝـﻪ ؟ ﻗـﺎل ‪:‬‬
‫ﺴﺒﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺀ ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺼﺎﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﻀﺭ ﻓﻤﻥ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻯ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﺎل ‪ ..‬ﻓﻤﻥ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺫﻯ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺀ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺠﻴﺏ ﻝﻙ ﻭﺤﺩﻩ ﻭﺘﺸﺭﻜﻬﻡ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻴﺎ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ‪ ..‬ﺃﺴﻠﻡ ﺘﺴـﻠﻡ ‪ ..‬ﻓﺄﺴـﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﻝﺩﻩ ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ ﻓﻘﺒل ﺭﺃﺴﻪ ﻭﻴﺩﻴﻪ ﻭﺭﺠﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻴﻥ
ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﺸﻴﻌﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﺯﻝﻪ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﺠﺎﺀ ﺭﺠل ﻝﻠﻨﺒﻰ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎل ﺃﻨﺕ ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ ‪..‬؟ ﻓﻘـﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻨﻌﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺤﺩﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻙ ﻀﺭ ﻓﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﻜﺸﻔﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻙ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺼﺎﺒﻙ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻓﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﺃﻨﺒﺕ ﻝﻙ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺃﺭﺽ ﻗﻔﺭ ﻓﺄﻀﻠﻠﺕ‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ‪٤٦ / ١ -‬‬

‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٩‬‬
‫ﻓﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺃﻭﺼﻨﻰ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ .‬ﻓﻘـﺎل ‪ :‬ﻻ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺒﻥ ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎل ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻓﻤﺎ ﺴﺒﺒﺕ ﺒﻌﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﻻ ﺸﺎﺓ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺃﻭﺼﺎﻨﻰ ﺭﺴـﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﺭﻓﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﻅﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻼﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴـﺔ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺊ ﻗﺩﻴﺭ ‪ ..‬ﺍﷲ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻝﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ‪ ..‬ﷲ ﻤﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﷲ ‪ ..‬ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﺸ ٍ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ‪ ..‬ﷲ ﺨﺯﺍﺌﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬
‫‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ ‪٤٨ / ١ -‬‬

‫‬
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‫‪ !"#‬‬
‫
‬
‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﷲ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺤﺩﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﻝﻸﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺴﻠﻴﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻨﺤﺩﻩ ﻨﺤـﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ‬

‫ﻚ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹴﻝ ﺇﹺ ﹼﻻ ﻧ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻲ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻵ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ َ‬
‫ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺂ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻟﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﻘﺭﺃ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻨﺠﺩ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻨﻔـﺱ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻤـﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻧ‪‬ﻮﺣ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟﻜﹸﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺇﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﻈ‪‬ﻴ ﹴﻢ ‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ﹴﻡ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻭﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﻋ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﻫ‪‬ﻮﺩﹰﺍ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﹼـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘﻘﹸﻮ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﹶﻟﻜﹸﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺇﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٥‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٥٩‬‬
‫‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻭﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﹶﺛﻤ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﺻ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﹶﻟﻜﹸﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺇﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ﺟ‪‬ﺎﺀ‪‬ﺗﻜﹸﻢ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﻩ ﻧ‪‬ﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻟﻜﹸـ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ٍﺀ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﺬ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﻮﻫ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁ‪‬ﻳ ﹰﺔ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺬﺭ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ﹸﻛ ﹾﻞ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ﹺ‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﹶﺃﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ‬
‫ﻭﻨﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻗﺎل ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺒﺄﻝﻔﺎﻅ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻠﺤﻮﺍ )‪.(٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٦٥‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٧٣‬‬
‫)‪(٣‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﻠﺕ ﻷﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻫـﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﻘـﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻨﺯﻝﻨﺎ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ ﻭﺠ ﱠل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻡ ﻴﺭﺩ‪‬ﻭﻥ ﻋﻴﻪ ﻭﻴﺅﺫﻭﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻨﺼﺩﻉ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗﺒﻠﺕ ﺇﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻗﺩ ﺒﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺤﺭﻫﺎ ﺘﺤﻤل ﹶﻗﺩ‪‬ﺤﺎﹰ ﻭﻤ‪‬ﻨﺩﻴﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺸﺭﺏ ﻭﺘﻭﻀﺄ ﺜﻡ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺭﺃﺴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧ‪‬ﻤﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﳓﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﲣﺎﰲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻴﻚ«‪ .‬ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺯﻴﻨـﺏ ﺍﺒﻨﺘﹸـﻪ‪ .‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ‪ :‬ﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ ﺜﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺒﹺﺕ ﺍﻷﺯﺩﻱ ﻗل‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻔل ﻓـﻲ ﻭﺠﻬـﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻔﻠﺤﻮﺍ«‬
‫ﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻤـﺎﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺜﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺴﺒ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﺒﻠﺕ ﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠـﺕ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﻐﺴل ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﻭﻴﺩﻴﻪ ﻭﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﲣﺸ ‪‬ﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻴﻚ ﻏ‪‬ﻴﻠﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺫﻟﹼﺔ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺯﻴﻨﺏ ﺒﻨﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﻀﻴﺌﺔ‪ = =.‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺒﹺﺕ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﷲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﺃﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻁﺎﻋـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺤﺒـﺔ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺤﺒﺔ ‪ ..‬ﺃﻨﺕ ﻻ ﺘﻘﺒل ﺃﺒﺩﺃ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺘـﻙ ﺨـﺎﺩﻡ ﻭﻭﻻﺀﻩ ﻭﻤﺤﺒﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﻝﻐﻴﺭﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺠﻬﺩﻩ ﻴﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻏﻴﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻨﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺩ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﹺﺇ ﹼﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﺃﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﺎﺌﺭ‪،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳﺸ‪‬ﺂ ُﺀ‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻟﻤ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻜﻤﺎل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﺘﺜﻨﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺠﺘﻬﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻙ ﻤﻌـﻙ ﻓـﻲ ﻫـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻜل ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻜل ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺸﺫ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﻜﺄﻨﻙ ﺃﻨﺕ ﻝـﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﷲ ‪ ..‬ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﻀﺭﺏ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺨﺩﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤـﺩ‬
‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻡ ﺒﺩﺃ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎل ﺴﻴﺩﻩ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﻝﺴﻴﺩ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﻤﻌـﻪ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ ﻴﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻌﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻜﺘﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺘﺭﻜﻭﻩ ﻫﻜﺫﺍ ﺜﻡ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺴﻴﺩﻫﻡ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻤـﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺒﺠﺭﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺨﺒﺭﻭﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ؟ ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﺃﻋﺭﻓﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ ﺜﻘﺎﺕ‪ ).‬ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺸـﺩﺍﺌﺩ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ‪.( ٢٤٤/١‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٤٨‬‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻜﺭﻭﻩ ﻭﻨﺼﺤﻭﻩ ﻭﺭﺩﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﻝـﻡ ﻴﺭﺘـﺩﻉ ﺃﺨﺒـﺭﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺩﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻜﻭﻨﻭﺍ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺩﻭﺍ ﻭﺍﺠﺒﻬﻡ‪ ..‬ﻭﷲ )ﺍﻝﻤﺜل ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ( ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻕ ﻜﻠﻬـﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻴﺎل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﺒﻁﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺤﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻨﻘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻭﺴﻜﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﺨﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎل ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬‬
‫ﻳ‪‬ﹶﺄ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗﺨ‪‬ﻮﻧ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺨ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎﻧ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻜﻠﻔﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻤﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻝﻨﺠﻌل ﻜل ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻜل‬
‫ﺒﻴﺕ ﻤﺩﺭ ﻭﺤﺠﺭ ﻭﻭﺒﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺠﻬﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺭﺤﻴﻡ ﺒﻨﺎ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﻀﻌﻔﻨﺎ ﻭﻋﺠﺯﻨﺎ ﻭﻝـﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻠﻔﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺭﺩﻫﻡ ﻗﺼﺭﹰﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﷲ‪ ..‬ﺒل ﻓﻘﻁ ﻨﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺭﻏﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨـﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺴ‪‬ﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ‪:‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺸ‪‬ﺂ ُﺀ ‬ ‫ـ ‪‬ﻜ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ َ‬
‫ﺲ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹼﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﻍ‬
‫ﻼﹸ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻚ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٤‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻄ ﹴﺮ‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻬﹺﻢ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹼﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻔﺎل – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٧‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٧٢‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺸﻭﺭﻯ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٤٨‬‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺸﻴﺔ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٢٢‬‬
‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٤‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻨﺒﻠﻐﻬﻡ ﻓﻜﺄﻨﻨﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻨﺅﺩﻯ ﺤﻕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﻨﻘﻴﻡ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻓﻰ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻜﻠﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٥‬‬
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‫ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ@‪@ @H I‬‬

‫@ @‬
‫ﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺤﺘﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ } :‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻉ ﹺﺑﹺﺈ ﹾﺫ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﹺﺫ ﱠﻇﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ـﻮﹾﺍ ﺃﹶﻧ ﹸﻔﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺟ‪‬ـﺂﺅ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻙ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹴﻝ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﻄﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐ ﹶﻔﺮ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺟﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺗﻮ‪‬ﺍﺑ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺣ‪‬ﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ * ﻓﹶـ ﹶ‬
‫ﺠﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﻓ‪‬ـﻲ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹺ‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻳﺤ‪ ‬ﱢﻜﻤ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻙ ﻓ‪‬ﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪..(١‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠ‪‬ﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺴﱢﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﹶﻧ ﹸﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺨﺬﹸﻭ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﺘﻬ‪‬ﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺁﺗ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺷﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻘﹶﺎ ﹺ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺘﺎﻥ ‪.٦٥ ،٦٤‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﺸﺭ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٧‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٦‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ﹴﻦ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﹶﻗﻀ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ـﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺿ ﱠﻞ‬
‫ﺺ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﺃﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺿﻠﹶﺎﻟﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺒﹺﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺿ ﱠﻞ ‪‬‬
‫ﺺ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﻠﹶﺎﻟﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺒﹺﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ ﱢﻟﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪} :‬ﹶﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ﹲﺓ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫{)‪.(٢‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﺂ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺤﹺﺒ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺤﺒ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗﹺﺒﻌ‪‬ﻮﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹸﻛ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬
‫‪‬ﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻏﻔﹸﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺭﺣ ٌ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹸﺫﻧ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺑ ﹸ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﻴﻡ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ ﻷﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺠﺘﻬﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﺘﺭﻏﻴﺒﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺤﺒﻴﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻓﻀل ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻕ ﻭﺃﻴﺴﺭ ﺍﻝﻁـﺭﻕ ﻝﻘﻀـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ..‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻪ ﻴﻌـﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﻨـﺎﺱ ﺇﻝـﻲ‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﺬ ﹺﺭ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﻔﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺃﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺗﺼ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻓ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻔﺘﻨـﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٤‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺏ ﹶﺃﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪‬ﻳﺼ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٣٦‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٢١‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٣١‬‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٦٣‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٧‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ‬
‫ﰲ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ) (‬
‫)‪ َ (١‬ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﺒﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺭﻴ‪ ‬ﺭ ﹶﺓ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ) (‪ " :‬ﹸﻛ ﱡﻞ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺘ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﺔ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﻰ " ﻗ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﻰ؟ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ":‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﻃﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻋﻨﹺﻲ ‪‬ﺩﺧ‪‬ـ ﹶﻞ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﻰ" ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ)‪..(١‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋﺼ‪‬ﺎﻧﹺﻲ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻭ ﻨﹶﺎ ِﺌﻡ‪ ، ‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝﹸﻭﺍ ِﺇ ‪‬‬ ‫)‪ (٢‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺠ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺒ ﹴﺭ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﺠﺎ ‪‬ﺀﺕﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹶﺎ ِﺌ ﹶﻜﺔﹲ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ) (‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ِ : ‬ﺇ ﱠﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻨﹶﺎ ِﺌﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪:‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹺﺒ ﹸﻜﻡ‪ ‬ﻫﺫﹶﺍ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﺜﻠﹰﺎ ﻓﹶﺎﻀ‪ ‬ﹺﺭﺒ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﺜﻠﹰﺎ ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ ‬‬
‫ِﻝﺼ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌ َل ﻓ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺠ ﹴل ‪‬ﺒﻨﹶﻰ ﺩ‪‬ﺍﺭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝﹸﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤ ﹶﺜﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﺜ ﹺل ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻴﻘﹾﻅﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻨﹶﺎ ِﺌ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻘﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫ِﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺄْ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤ‪‬ـﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ َل ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭَﺃ ﹶﻜ َل ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶ‬
‫ﻋ‪‬‬‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺙ ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻤﺄْ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺒ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺄْ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶـﺎﻝﹸﻭﺍ‪َ :‬ﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻝﹸﻭﻫ‪‬ـﺎ ﻝﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺨ ﹺل ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻝﻡ‪ ‬ﻴﺄْ ﹸﻜلْ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﹶﻝﻡ‪ ‬ﻴﺩ‪ ‬ﹸ‬
‫ﻋ‪‬‬‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﻝﻡ‪ ‬ﻴ ﹺ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻥ ﻨﹶﺎ ِﺌﻤ‪‬ـﺔﹲ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻝﹾ ﹶﻘﻠﹾـ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﹾﻌ‪‬ـﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻨﹶﺎ ِﺌﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻴﻔﹾ ﹶﻘﻬ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪ .‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻉ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺩ‪َ ‬ﺃﻁﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪ ، ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﻁﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ﱠﻨ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﺍﻋ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻴﻘﹾﻅﹶﺎﻥ ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝﹸﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ – ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ‪.٥١ /١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٨‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ـﺩ‪ ‬ﻓﹶـﺭ‪‬ﻕﹲ ﺒ‪‬ـﻴ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻋﺼ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ـﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﻓﻘﹶـﺩ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻋﺼ‪‬ـﻰ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﺱ ‪ .‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻝﹾ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﱠﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻴﺴ‪َ ‬ﺄﻝﹸﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﹶﺜﻠﹶﺎ ﹶﺜ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺭﻫ‪ ‬ﻁ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ َﺃﺯ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﺝ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ) (‬ ‫ﺱ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃ ﹶﻨ ﹴ‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻥ ﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﹶﻨﺤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ ﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ُﺃﺨﹾ ﹺﺒﺭ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹺﺒﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻜ َﺄ ﱠﻨ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﺘﻘﹶﺎﻝﱡﻭ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ؛ ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎﻝﹸﻭﺍ‪َ :‬ﺃﻴ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﺒ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ) (‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺭ ؟ !‬
‫ﻏ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻝﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﺘﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻡ ﻤ‪‬ـﻥ‪ ‬ﹶﺫﻨﹾﺒﹺـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﺘﹶـ َﺄ ﱠ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺩ‪ ‬ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ) (‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺭ‪َ :‬ﺃﻨﹶﺎ َﺃﺼ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ َﺃ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﱢﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠﻴ‪َ ‬ل َﺃ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﺍ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ﺍﻝﹾﺂ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻫﻡ‪َ : ‬ﺃﻤ‪‬ﺎ َﺃﻨﹶﺎ ﹶﻓُﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ َل َﺃ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻝﹶﺎ ُﺃﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻁ ‪‬ﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ﺍﻝﹾﺂ ﹶﺨ ‪‬ﺭ‪َ :‬ﺃﻨﹶﺎ َﺃﻋ‪ ‬ﹶﺘ ﹺﺯ ُل ﺍﻝ ﱢﻨﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﹶﻓﻠﹶﺎ َﺃ ﹶﺘ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺝ َﺃ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﺍﻝ ﱠﻨ ﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ) (‬
‫ِﺇﹶﻝﻴ‪ ‬ﹺﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ َل‪ " :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻛﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﺬﹶﺍ ؟ ! ﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ـﻲ‬
‫ﹶﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺧﺸ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺗﻘﹶﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻜﻨ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭﹸﺃ ﹾﻓﻄ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃﺻ‪‬ـﻠﱢﻲ‬
‫ﺲ‬
‫ﺐ ﻋ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻦ ﺳ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻓﻠﹶـ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺴ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺭﻏ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭﹸﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻲ " ‪‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹶﻔﻕﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ـﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ) ( ﺸﹶـﻴ‪‬ﺌًﺎ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﹾﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝﺕﹾ ‪ :‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﺸ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﺎ ِﺌ ﹶ‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻁ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﹶ‬‫ﻙ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ) (‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻗﻭ‪‬ﻡ‪ ، ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻠ ﹶﻎ ﹶﺫ ِﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺹ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺘ ﹶﻨ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺭ ﱠ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.٥٢/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ؟ ! ﹶﻓﻮ‪‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ‬

‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻲ ِﺀ ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺑ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻝ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﹴﻡ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺰﻫ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﹸﺜ ‪‬ﻡ ﻗﹶﺎ َل‪":‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫"‪ .‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹶﻔﻕﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺸ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (٥‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﺒﹺﻲ ﻤ‪‬ﻭﺴ‪‬ﻰ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ) (‪ " :‬ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜﻠ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﹶﺜﻨﹺﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜ ﹺﻞ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹴﻞ ﹶﺃﺗ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ :‬ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ! ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺶ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻴﻨﹺﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻥ ! ﻓﹶﺎﻟ‪‬ﻨﺠ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺠ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻃﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺠﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﱠﺬ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻃﹶﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺩﻟﹶﺠ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶﺎ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻄﹶﻠﻘﹸﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻠ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺶ ﻓﹶـﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻫﹶﻠ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟﺠ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﺤ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻣﻜﹶﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﺼ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻃﹶﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﻃﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹺﻨﻲ ﻓﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺟﹾﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺟﺘ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻖ "" ‪‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹶﻔﻕﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ)‪. .(٢‬‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺏ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺟﹾﺌ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﺼ‪‬ﺎﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﱠﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺜﻞ ﺭﺟﻞ‬ ‫)‪ (٦‬ﻭﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ) (‪":‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻗﺪ ﻧﺎﺭﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺿﺎﺀﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻳﻘﻌﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﳛﺠﺰﻫﻦ ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺒﻨﻪ ﻓﻴـﺘﻘﺤﻤﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﺁﺧﺬ ﲝﺠﺰﻛﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺤﻤﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ‪ .‬ﻫـﺬﻩ‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.٥٣/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻭﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﳓﻮﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻓـﺬﻟﻚ‬

‫ﻣﺜﻠﻲ ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻜﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﺁﺧﺬ ﲝﺠﺰﻛﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ :‬ﻫﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻫﻠـﻢ‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ "‪ .‬ﻤﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ! ﻓﺘﻐﻠﺒﻮﱐ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺤﻤﻮﻥ‬
‫)‪ (٧‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃﺒﹺﻲ ﻤ‪‬ﻭﺴ‪‬ﻰ ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ) ( ‪ ":‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﹶﺜﻨﹺﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭﺿ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻜﺎﻧ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ‪‬ﺜ ﹺﲑﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻯ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ﹺﻢ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜ ﹺﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﹶـ‪‬ﺜ ‪‬ﲑ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜﹶﻠﹶﺄ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺸ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻃﹶﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ﹰﺔ ﹶﻗﹺﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ـﺎ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻃﹶﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹶﻔ ﹰﺔ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺮ‪‬ﻯ ‪ ،‬ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮﺑ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻘﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﺭﻋ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻓ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺩ‪‬ﻳـ ﹺﻦ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻛﹶﻠﹰﺄ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ًﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨﺒﹺ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗ‪‬ﻴﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻥ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤ ِ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﹶﺜﻨﹺﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ﺑﹺـ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫"‪ ".‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹶﻔﻕﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﹾﺃﺳ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﻯ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﱠﻟ ‪‬ﺬﻱ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (٨‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻥ ﺍﺒ‪ ‬ﹺﻥ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩ‪ H
I‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ) (‪" :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺜﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧﺬﹸﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﻠ‪‬ﻲ ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺣﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﺭﻳ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.٥٤/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣١‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻟﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺧﻠﹸﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﹸﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺘﺪ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺑﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪ ،‬ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﹺ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﻓﻬ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑ‪‬ﻠﺴ‪‬ﺎﹺﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻘ ﹾﻠﺒﹺـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪ ‬ﻠﻡ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈﳝ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﹴﻝ"‪" .‬‬
‫ﺲ ‪‬ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺍ َﺀ ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.٥٥/١‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٢‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫
‪:+ ,- !%&% ' ()* !"# $‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜﻠﻪ ﻭﺼﻭﺭﺘﻪ) ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﻬﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ (‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻓﻲ ﺴﺭﻴﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﻋﻭﺍﻁﻔﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻭﻜﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻝﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ ﻤﻅﻬـﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻜﻤﻅﻬﺭﻩ ؟ ! ﻭﻤﺨﺒﺭﻱ ﻭﻋﻭﺍﻁﻔﻲ ﻭﺃﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻁﺭﻴﻘـﻪ ‪ ،‬فع ن‬
‫عبد ﷲ بن عمرو قال ‪ :‬قال رس ول ﷲ ‪ ":‬ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻮﺍﻩ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﳌﺎ ﺟﺌﺖ ﺑﻪ " ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﰲ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺻـﺤﻴﺢ )‪ .(١‬ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻁـﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺭﻭﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳊﺠﺔ ﺑﺈﺳـﻨﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻏﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺤﻜﻭﻤﺔ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﺴـﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻨﻭﺍﺤﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺃﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺒﺸﺭﹰﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻺﻨﺴـﺎﻥ ﻋـﺫﺭﹰﺍ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺘﻔﻲ ﺃﺜﺭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻴﺘﺒﻊ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻨﺔ ‪.٥٩/ ١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٣‬‬
‫ ‪.‬‬
‫
‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﲑ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻨﺩﻋﻭ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻭﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺒﺎﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ ..‬ﺒﺎﻝﻐﻴﺏ‪ ..‬ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ؟‪ ..‬ﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ؟‪ ..‬ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻋﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﻭﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﹺﻵ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗ‪‬ـ ﹺﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧﹺﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻵ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ َ‬
‫ﺲ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﻯ ﹸﻛ ﹼﻞ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾـ ﹴ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ * ﹺﺇ ﹼﻥ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﺔ ﺁ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﺔ ﹶﺃﻛﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻔ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹶﺓ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﺬ ﹾﻛ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﹶ‬‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪ .(١‬ﺘﻬﻠـﻙ‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻫﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪‬ﻯ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻰ* ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻨﺴﻴﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻨﺴﻴﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺴﻴﺩﻨﺎ ﺸﻌﻴﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻴﻘﻭل ﻝﻘﻭﻤﻪ ‪ :‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻜﹶﺎ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺏ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻘﺒ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ‬
‫ﺨﺰﹺﻳ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﻛﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄﺗ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﻋ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﻞ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻁﻪ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ١٦ :١٤‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٤‬‬
‫ﺐ )‪ ..(١‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﺭ‪ ..‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ ..‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬

‫‪‬ﺭﻗ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺭ ﻤﻬﻡ ﻗﺩ ﻻ ﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻰ ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﺭ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﻤﻭﺭ ﻨﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻣﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺇﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻻ ﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﺭﻙ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻴﻭﻤﺎ ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻴﺘ‪‬ﻮ ﹶ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻓﻬ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺨ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃﻓﹶـﹺﺈ ﹾﻥ ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸﺮﹴ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ )‪.(٣‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻭل‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟﺨ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺪ‪‬ﻭ ﹶ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺇﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺴﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻭﻴﺘﺭﻙ ﻜل ﻤﺎ ﺠﻤﻌﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝـﻥ‬
‫ﻴﺤﻤل ﻤﻌﻪ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺭ ﺃﻱ ﺸﻲﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻁﻼﻗﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺇﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺴﻴﺤﻤل ﻤﻌﻪ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻪ ﺨﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺸﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺤﻠﻭﻫـﺎ ﻭﻤﺭﻫـﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺘﺤﻤل ﻤﻌﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜل ﻤﺎ ﺠﻤﻌﺘﻪ ﺘﺘﺭﻜﻪ ﺨﻠﻔﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻝﻥ ﻴﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺩﺍﺀ ﺘﻤﻨﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺘﻤﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ! ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺭﻏﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻌـﻁ ﺃﻱ ﺇﻨﺴـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺭﺠﻭﻉ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﻭﺩ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ٩٣‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺭ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٣٠‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٣٤‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺇﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺼﻴﺭﻩ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭل ﻝﺤﻅﺔ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻼ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺎ ) ﻗـﺪﻣﻮﱐ‬
‫؟(‬ ‫‪ ...‬ﻗﺪﻣﻮﱐ (‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻁﺎﻝﺤﺎ ﻗﺎل ‪ ) :‬ﻳﺎ ﻭﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﻳﻦ ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥ ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫)‪ .(١‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﻓﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺸﺭﺍ ﻓﺸﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻻ ﻤﻭﺕ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ‪ ..‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﺒﺩﻴﺔ‪ ..‬ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤـﻭﺕ ﻓﻨـﺎﺀ ﻅـﺎﻫﺭﻱ ﺃﺩﺨـل‬
‫ﺽ ﻣ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺺ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺒﺭﺓ‪ ..‬ﺃﻴﻥ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﻬﺎ ؟ ! ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪ (٢‬ﺍﺨﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﻅﺎﻫﺭﻱ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻫﻭ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺒﻜل ﻜﻴﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻆ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺣﻔ‪‬ﻴ ﹲ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪﻧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻛﺘ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺫﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺇﻤﺎ ﺠﻨﺔ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ ﻭﺇﻤﺎ ﻨﺎﺭﺍ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺨﻠﻕ‬
‫ﻝﻸﺒﺩ‪ ،‬ﺇﻱ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻁﻥ ﺃﻤﻪ ﻝﻪ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﺒﺩﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﻴـﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺒﺩﻴﺔ ﺇﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺘﺔ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻴﻘﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ ﻭﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻴـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺼ‪‬ـﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﺭﻱ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺴﻠﱠﻡ ﻗـﺎل‪ " :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺍﳉﻨﺎﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻨﺎﻗﻬﻢ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ‬
‫ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﻗﺪﻣﻮﱐ ﻗﺪﻣﻮﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﲑ ﺻﺎﳊﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ﻭﻳﻠﻬﺎ! ﺃﻳﻦ ﺗـﺬﻫﺒﻮﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺎ؟ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺻﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻮ ﲰﻌﻪ ﺻﻌﻖ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‪).‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼـﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ‬
‫_ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻊ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺼـ ‪.( ٢١٧‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻕ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٤‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬
‫ ‪/#0‬‬
‫
‬
‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺇﱄ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺃﻥ ُﻨﺫﻜﺭ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺤﻤل ﺃﻤﺎﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺘﻜﻠﻴﻑ ﻜل‬
‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ ) ﺑﻠﻐﻮﺍ ﻋﲏ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺁﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺤﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺩﺍﻉ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬
‫"‬ ‫(‪ ،‬ﻭ" ﺃﻻ ﻓﻠﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬
‫ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺤﺭ ﻗﺎل ‪" :‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺨﻁﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺤﻴﻥ‪:‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭﺓ
‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺩﺍﺭ ﻜﻬﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺨﻠﻕ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﺜﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺸﻬﺭﺍ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻡ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻝﻴﺎﺕ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻝﻘﻌﺩﺓ ﻭﺫﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﺭﻡ ﻭﺭﺠﺏ ﻤﻀﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺠﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﻭﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ " ﻭﻗﺎل‬
‫‪ " :‬ﺃﻱ ﺸﻬﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ‪ :‬ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻅﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺴﻴﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺒﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل ‪" :‬‬
‫ﺃﻝﻴﺱ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺔ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻰ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﺃﻱ ﺒﻠﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ‪ :‬ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻅﻨﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻪ ﺴﻴﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺒﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﺃﻝﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩﺓ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻰ ﻗﺎل " ﻓﺄﻱ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ‪ :‬ﺍﷲ‬
‫= ﺍﻝﻨﺤﺭ ؟ " ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻅﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺴﻴﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﺒﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻤﻪ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﺃﻝﻴﺱ ﻴﻭﻡ=‬
‫‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻰ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺩﻤﺎﺀﻜﻡ ﻭﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻜﻡ ﻭﺃﻋﺭﺍﻀﻜﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ ﺤﺭﺍﻡ ﻜﺤﺭﻤﺔ ﻴﻭﻤﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻠﺩﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺭﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭﺴﺘﻠﻘﻭﻥ ﺭﺒﻜﻡ ﻓﻴﺴﺄﻝﻜﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻜﻡ ﺃﻻ ﻓﻼ ﺘﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﺒﻌﺩﻱ ﻀﻼﻻ ﻴﻀﺭﺏ ﺒﻌﻀﻜﻡ ﺭﻗﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻻ ﻫل ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ؟ " ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬﻡ ﺍﺸﻬﺩ ﻓﻠﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﺌﺏ ﻓﺭﺏ ﻤﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻭﻋﻰ ﻤﻥ‬
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‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻴﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺜﻡ ﻴﻘﻭل‪ " :‬ﻣﻦ ﳝﻨﻌﲏ ؟ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ .‬ﻓﻴﻜﻠﻔﻬﻡ ﻤﻊ ﺩﺨﻭﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺘﺒﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻭﻳﲏ ﺣﱴ ﺃﺑﻠﻎ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺭﰊ؟ "‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺤﻤل ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻨﺘﺸﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺭﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻬﻤﻭﺍ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺔ ﻗﺘﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺘﺎل ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ..‬ﻓﺎﻨﻅﺭ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻗﻭل ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺠﺎﺒﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﻜﺙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﱠﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻋﻜﺎﻅ ﻭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺠﻨﱠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﻳﺆﻭﻳﲏ؟ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﱐ؟‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺔ«‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻴﺠﺩ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻴﺅﻭﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﺼﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ ﺃﺑﻠﱢﻎ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺭﰊ ﻭﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻝﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﻤ‪‬ﻀ ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﻴﺄﺘﻴﻪ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﺫﻭﻭ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﺤﺫﺭ‬
‫ﻏﻼﻡ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﻻ ﻴﻔﺘﻨﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻤﻀﻲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﻫﻡ ﻴﺸﻴﺭﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻷﺼﺎﺒﻊ‪ .‬ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺜﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﻴﺜﹾﺭﺏ ﻓﺂﻭﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﺼﺩ‪‬ﻗﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻤﻨﹼﺎ ﻓﻴﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﻪ ﻭﻴﻘﺭﺌﻪ‬
‫ﻕ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻨﻘﻠﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺒﺈﺴﻼﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻝﻡ ﺘﺒ ﹶ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﻫﻁ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻴﻅﻬﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﺎﻤﻊ "‪ .‬ﻤﺘﻔﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﺴﻙ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺨﻁﺒﺔ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺤﺭ ﻭﺭﻤﻲ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺸﺭﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺩﻴﻊ ‪( ٨١٦/٢‬‬
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‫ﺜﻡ ﺍﺌﺘﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻤﺘﻰ ﻨﺘﺭﻙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻁﻭﻑ ﻭ ‪‬ﻴﻁﱠﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻼ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﺒﺎل ﻤﻜﺔ ﻭﻴﺨﺎﻑ؟ ﻓﺭﺤل ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﺎ ﺴﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺸﻌ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﻘﹶﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺠﺘﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺠل ﻭﺭﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﻭﺍﻓﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻭﺍﻋﺩﻨﺎﻩ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻼﻡ ﻨﺒﺎﻴﻌﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻌﻮﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺴ‪‬ﺮ ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺴ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﲣﺎﻓﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻮﻣﺔ ﻻﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺼﺮﻭﱐ ﻓﺘﻤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﺇﹺﺫﺍ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﳑﺎ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺔ«‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻤﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﺒﻴﺩﻩ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺯﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﻜﻢ ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻛﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﻐﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺭﻭﻴﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺎ ﺃﻫل ﻴﺜﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﹼﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻨﻀﺭﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺃﻜﺒﺎﺩ ﺍﻹِﺒل ﺇﻻ ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﻌﻠﻡ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺨﺭﺍﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻤﻨﺎﻭﺃﺓ ﻝﻠﻌﺭﺏ ﻜﺎﻓﹼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺘ ُل ﺨﻴﺎﺭﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﻀ‪‬ﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻑ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻨﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻗﻭﻡ ﺘﺼﺒﺭﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺨﺫﻭﻩ ﻭﺃﺠﺭﻜﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺘﻡ ﻗﻭﻡ ﺘﺨﺎﻓﻭﻥ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻜﻡ ﺨﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﺫﺭﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻴ‪‬ﻨﻭﺍ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻬﻭ ﺃﻋﺫﺭ ﻝﻜﻡ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻁ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻉ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻨﹸﺴﻠﹶﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻘﻤﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻓﺒﺎﻴﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ! ﻻ ﻨﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺸﺭﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ)‪.(١‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺃﻴﻀﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩ ﺠﻴ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﺭﻁ ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‪،‬‬
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‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ
ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝ ﱢ‬
‫ﻨﻨﺘﻅﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﺎﺀﻨﺎ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺤﻀﺭ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺃﺨﻴﻪ ﻭﻴﺘﻭﺜﱠﻕ ﻝﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﻴﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇِﻻ ﺃﻨﹼﻪ ﺃﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﻌﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺭﺝ‪،‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺠﻠﺱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ َل ﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻨﱠﺎ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻗﺩ ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻤﻨﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻨﺎ ﻤﻤﻥ ﻫﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺜل ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺯ‪‬ﺓ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹶﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻠﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺒﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻻﻨﺤﻴﺎﺯ ﺇﻝﻴﻜﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﺤﻭﻕ‬
‫ﺒﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﹶﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻜﻡ ﻭﺍﻓﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ ﺒﺎ ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻤﻭﻩ ﺇِﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﻤﺎﻨﻌﻭﻩ ﻤﻤ‪‬ﻥ ﺨﺎﻝﻔﻪ ﻓﺄﻨﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺎ ﺘﺤﻤ‪‬ﻠﺘﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻜﻡ ﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻩ ﻭﺨﺎﺫ‪‬ﻝﻭﻩ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺇﻝﻴﻜﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻤﻥ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﺩﻋﻭﻩ ﻓﺈﻨﱠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺯ‪‬ﺓ ﻭﻤ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﺒﻠﺩﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﻗﺩ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺕﹶ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺫ ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻙ ﻭﻝﺭﺒ‪‬ﻙ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺒﺒﺕ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﻜﻠﱠﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﺘﻼ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻏﱠﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪.‬‬
‫«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﺃﹸﺑﺎﻳﻌﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ‪‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺴﺎﺀﻛﻢ ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻛﻢ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺍﺀ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻌﺭﻭﺭ ﺒﻴﺩﻩ ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻌﺜﻙ ﺒﺎﻝﺤﻕ ﻝﻨﻤﻨﻌﻨﱠﻙ‬
‫ﻤﻤﺎ ﻨﻤﻨﻊ ﻤﻨﻪ ُﺃ ‪‬ﺯﺭ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺎ ‪‬ﻴﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ! ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻭﺏ ﻭﺭﺜﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺨﺭ‪‬ﺠﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺭﻱ ‪ :‬ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺼﺤ‪‬ﺤﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺒﺎﻥ ﺃ ﻫـ؛ ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺠﺎل ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﺯ‪‬ﺍﺭ ﻭﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺤﺩﻴﺜﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻭ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻨ ﹶﺫ ‪‬ﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻨﺴﺘﻘﻴﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻜﺎﺒﺭﹰﺍ ﻋﻥ ﻜﺎﺒﺭ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﺘﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺭﺍﺀ ﻴﺘﻜﻠﱢﻡ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻡ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻥ ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل ﺤﺒﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻭﺇﻨﱠﺎ ﻗﺎﻁﻌﻭﻫﺎ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ﱠﺘﻴ‪‬ﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺇﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺜﻡ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﻭﺘﺩﻋﻨﺎ؟‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ؛ ﻓﻬل ﻋﺴﻴ ﹶ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﺒﺴ‪‬ﻡ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍ ﹶﳍﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﺍ ﹶﳍﺪ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻣﲏ؛ ﺃﺣﺎﺭﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﺭﺑﺘﻢ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﳌﺘﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﱄ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺍﺛﲏ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ »ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻮﺍ ﺇ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﻢ«‪ .‬ﻓﺄﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻨﻘﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﻧﻘﻴﺒﹰﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻬﻢ ﲟﺎ‬
‫ﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺱ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻴﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل‬

‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺭﻭﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻤﺭﺴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻡ ﺍﻝ ﱠﺘﻴ‪‬ﻬﺎﻥ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻠﹾﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺜﻴﻕ ﻓﻠﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻨﻘﻁﻌﻬﺎ ﺜﻡ ﺘﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺤﺒﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺒﺎل ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﻁﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﺒﺎل ﻭﺤﺎﺭﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ؟ ﻓﻀﺤﻙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ ﻭﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﺍﻟﺪ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫«‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺭﺠﻊ ﺇِﻝﻴﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﳍﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﳍﺪ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺒل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻗﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﺸﻬﺩ ِﺇﻨﹼﻪ ﻝﺼﺎﺩﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻅﻬﺭﻱ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﻋﺸﻴﺭﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺘﺨﺭﺠﻭﻩ ﺭﻤﺘﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﹶﻗﻭ‪‬ﺱ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻁﺎﺒﺕ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻜﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺘﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺫﻫﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻓﺎﺩﻋﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺭﻀﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺤﻘ ﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺨﻔﺘﻡ ﺨﺫﻻﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻤﻥ ﺍﻵﻥ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ :‬ﻗﺒﻠﻨﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﻥ ﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺎﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺴﺄﻝﺘﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ؛ ﻓﺨ ﱢل ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺎ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻠﹾﻨﺒﺎﻴﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺘﺘﺎﺒﻌﻭﺍ ﻜﻠﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ِﻝﻬ‪‬ﻴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﺩﻴﺜﻪ ﺤﺴﻥ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻀﻌﻑ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺘﺎﺩﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻝﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻝ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺒﻥ ﹶﻨﻀ‪‬ﻠﺔ ﺃﺨﻭ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﺎﻝﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻭﻑ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺎ ﻤﻌﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻫل ﺘﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻋﻼﻡ ﺘﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤﺭﺏ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻜﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃُﻨﻬﻜﺕ‬
‫ﻱ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻼ ﺃﺴﻠﻤﺘﻤﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻥ ﺍﻵﻥ؟ ﻓﻬﻭ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﻌﻠﺘﻡ ﺨﺯ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻜﻡ ﻤﺼﻴﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺸﺭﺍﻓﻜﻡ ﻗﺘ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻜﻡ ﻭﺍﻓﻭﻥ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻤﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹶﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺘﹾل‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻓﺨﺫﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻭ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻨﱠﺎ ﻨﺄﺨﺫﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺼﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺘل ﺍﻷﺸﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ! ﺇﻥ ﻨﺤﻥ ‪‬ﻭﻓﹶﻴﻨﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﺍﳉﻨﺔ «‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﺴﻁ ﻴﺩﻙ؛ ﻓﺒﺴﻁ ﻴﺩﻩ ﻓﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﻩ‪.‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻝﺤﻅﺔ ﻗﺒﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﺨﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺘﺤﻤﻠﻭﺍ ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻤﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻝﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻨﺎ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻨﺤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﺩﻭﻥ ﻤﺎﺩﺍﻡ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻝﻴﺱ ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩﺍ ﻤﺎﺩﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻬﺩﻫﻡ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﻴﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ _ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺭﺓ ‪.٢٢٥/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٢‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﺩﺨل ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﺘﺤﻤل ﺘﺒﻌﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻝﻴﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻤﻐﺎﺭﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٣‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟ ﻭﻫل ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻝﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ؟ ‪@ @.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫل ﻝﻬﺎ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ؟ ﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﻜﻡ ؟ @ @‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﺃﻤﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴـﺭ ﺃﻤـﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝـﻭ ﻤﻌـﻪ ﺃﻋﻠـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﺠﺩ ﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﻡ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻴﺭﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻨﻴﺎ ﻋﻨـﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻴـﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻝﻪ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻀﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻹﺸﺭﺍﻑ‪ ،‬ﻜـل‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻀﺎﻉ ﺴﻭﺍﺀ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺃﺒـﺩﺍ ﻝﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻁﺒﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﻓــ ) ﺒـﻼل‪..‬‬
‫ﻭﺼﻬﻴﺏ‪ ..‬ﻭﻋﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻝﻴﺴﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﻤﻜﺔ ( ﺒل ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻭﺠـﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺒـﺎﺭ ﻤﺜـل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺩﻴﻕ ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻭﻑ ﻭﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫"
! ‪:‬‬
‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻐﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ؟ ﻻ ﻴﺠﻭﺯ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺒﻐﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ ؟‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺃﻱ ﻋﻠﻡ ﻴﺭﺍﺩ ﺒﻪ ؟ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٤‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻗﹸـ ﹾﻞ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﺓ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻌﻨﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ـ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﺳﺒﹺﻴ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻫ َ‬
‫ )‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻛ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺂ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ ) ('& ‪:*+$ %‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ) ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﷲ ( ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻁﺎﻉ ) ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ( ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ ﺤﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﺤﻕ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﺤﻕ ) ﺍﻝﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻵﺨﺭﺓ (‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ) ،‬ﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﷲ ( ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻙ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺒﻬـﺅﻻﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺒل ﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ..‬ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﺩﺍﻋﻴﺎ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ ..‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻔﻘﻬﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴل ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻓﺭﺒﻨﺎ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺒـﻪ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳﹶﺄﻟﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟ ﱢﺬ ﹾﻛ ﹺﺮ ﺇﹺﻥ ﻛﹸﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺘﻭﺠﻬﻭﺍ ﻝﻠﺴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺴﺄﻝﻭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺴﺎﺌﻠﻜﻡ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ‪.‬‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﺭﻓﻨﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺅﺍل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟‬
‫‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٠٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺤل – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٤٣‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٥‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺎﺀ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﺄﺴـﻠﻭﺏ‬
‫ﻭﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻨﺤﻥ ﻻ ﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻐﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻐﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻋﻅﻡ ﺍﻝﻭﺴـﺎﺌل ﻭﺃﺴـﻬﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻹﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ؟‬
‫
‪ 12 3 45‬؟‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ ﻨﺠﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ ﺨﻤـﺱ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺭﺘﻴﻥ ) ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻨﻴﺔ ( ﻭﺴﻨﻭﻀﺢ ﻜل ﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬
‫)‪(١‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍ ‪‬ﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺯﻭﺠﺘﻪ ﺨﺩﻴﺠﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﻴـﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻲ ﺼﺩﻴﻘﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻝﻲ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﻪ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒـﻲ ﻁﺎﻝـﺏ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜل ﻤﻨﺎ ﻝﻪ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ‪ ...‬ﺯﻭﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺏ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﺎﻝﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻝﻪ ﺃﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻝﻪ ﺃﺭﺤﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ‪ ..‬ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻌﻼﻗـﺔ ﺘﺒـﺩﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻌﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﺠﺢ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻗل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺴﻠﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺘﻔﻬﻴﻡ ﻭﺘﻔﻬﻡ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻋﻭ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٧‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳋﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ‬
‫)
'& ‪( $%‬‬
‫ﻨﺯﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺸﺨﺹ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﺘﺼﺎل ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻝﻤﺯﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺎﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺼﻭﺼـﻴﺔ ﻻ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻷﻱ ﻗﻭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺫﻫﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻲ ﻤﻭﺴﻜﻭ ﻤﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺨﺼﻭﺼـﻴﺔ ﺭﻏـﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﺴﻴﺱ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻴﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻝﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜـﻥ ﺍﻝﻠـﺫﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺫﻫﺒﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺭﻭﺴﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﺴﻴﺫﻫﺒﻭﻥ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎ ﺴﻴﺭﻭﻥ ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻌﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﻫﺎﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺘﻴﻥ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻌﺭﻀﻭﺍ ﻷﻱ‬
‫ﻤﻜﺭﻭﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻴﻘﺎﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺘﻌﻁﻴل ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٨‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺘﺘﻤﺜل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻻﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﺭ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸﻮﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﻝ ‪‬ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻝ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ﹸﻛ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻄﻌ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻤﺸ‪‬ﻲ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺳﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬ﻧﺬ‪‬ﻳﺮ‪‬ﺍ )‪..(١‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴﻜﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮﻟﹶﺎ ﺃﹸﻧ ﹺﺰ ﹶﻝ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﻝـﺩﻜﺎﻜﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤـﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﻫـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻴـﻭﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﻜﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻅﺎﺌﻑ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺫﻫـﺏ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻲ ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﺴﻥ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻤﺸﻲ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻨﺩﻋﻭ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻝـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺸﻲ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺨﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﻴﺞ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﺘﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺎﻡ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺁﻥ ﻝﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻴﺄﺱ ﻤﻨﺎ ؟ ! ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻊ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﻌﺎﻭﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻁﺭﻓﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻻﺌل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﺓ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠١‬ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻨﺒﻭﺘﻪ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﻔﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﻋﻠﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎ‬
‫ﺠﻨﱠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺝ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺒﻌ‪‬ﻜﺎﻅ ﻭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺭ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ ﻴﻭﺍﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻴﺘﱠﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺎﻥ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٧‬‬

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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٤٩‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻴﻤﻨﻌﻭﻩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴ ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﺒﻪ ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ ﻭﺠ ّل ﻭﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﹼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﻴﺠﺩ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻴﻨﺼﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﻴﺴﺄل ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻭﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﻗﺒﻴﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺼ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻠﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻗﻁ ﻤﺎ ﻝﻘﻲ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﻭﺇﻨﱠﻬﻡ ﻝﻴﺭﻤﻭﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺭﺍﺌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻤ‪‬ﺤﺎﺭﺏ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺼﻔﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺸﻴﺨ ﹰﺎ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﺴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻠﱠﻤﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺨ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻴﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺒﻠﱢﻎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‪ :‬ﺃﻴ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﺒﻨﺒﺌﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻴﺅﻭﺏ ﺒﻙ ﺭﺠل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺁﺏ ﺒﺸ ‪‬ﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﻭﺏ ﺒﻪ ﺃﻫل‬
‫ﻥ ﺃﺒﺎ ﻝﻬﺏ ﻝﻘﺎﺌﻡ ﻴﺴﻤﻊ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺭﺒﻲ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻭﻗﻑ ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﻥ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻏ ﹺ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻝﻬﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺭﺒﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ ﻜﻠﱡﻬﻡ ﻤﺜﻠﻙ ﻝﺘﺭﻙ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻜﺫﺍﺏ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺭﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺕ ـ ﻭﺍﷲ ـ ﺃﻋﺭﻑ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻭ ﺍﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻥ ﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺃﺨﻴﻙ ﻭﻝﺤﻤﺘﻙ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺭﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻝﻌ ﱠل ﺒﻪ ـ ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺎ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ـ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻤﺎﹰ؟ ﻓﺈ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ﻴﻬﺘﺩﻱ ﻝﻌﻼﺠﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ ﺒﺸﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴﺭ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺁﻩ ﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻜﺫﺍﺏ؛ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٢‬ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ‬

‫ﻭﺍﺒﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺴﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺠﺩﻩ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺠﺎﺀﻨﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﻤﻨﻰ ـ‬
‫ﺨﻴ‪‬ﻑ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺤﻠﺘﻪ ‪‬ﻤﺭ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻓﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺠﻤ‪‬ﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺘﻠﻲ ﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝ ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺎﺯﻝﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻠﻔﻪ ﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺎﺭﺜﺔ ـ ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺒﻨﺎ ﻝﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻝﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﻨﹼﺎ‬
‫ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ ﻭﺒﺩﻋﺎﺌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻨﺎ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻨﺴﺘﺠﺏ ﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬
‫‪‬ﻤﻴ‪‬ﺴﺭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺴﺭﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺤﻠﻑ ﺒﺎﷲ ﻝﻭ ﺼﺩ‪‬ﻗﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻭﺤﻤﻠﻨﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻥ ﺃﻤﺭﻩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﻜ ﱠل‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺤ‪‬ل ﺒﻪ ﻭﺴﻁ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﻨﺎ ﻝﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺃﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺤﻠﻑ ﺒﺎﷲ ﻝﻴﻅﻬﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﺒﻠﻎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﻙ ﻻ ﺘﻌﺭ‪‬ﻀﻨﺎ ﻝﻤﺎ ﻻ ‪‬ﻗ ‪‬ﺒ َل ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻁﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ‬
‫ ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻴ‪‬ﺴﺭﺓ ﻓﻜﻠﱠﻤﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ‪‬ﻤﻴ‪‬ﺴﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﻜﻼﻤﻙ ﻭﺃﻨﻭﺭﻩ ﻭﻝﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﺨﺎﻝﻔﻭﻨﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﱠﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺒﻘﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻌﻀﺩﻭﻩ ﻓﺎﻝﻌ‪‬ﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﺒﻌﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺼﺎﺩﺭﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ‬

‫ﻥ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻴﻬﻭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻨﺴﺎﺌﻠﻬﻡ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻴﺴﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻤﻴﻠﻭﺍ ﺒﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﹶﻓﺩ‪‬ﻙ ﻓﺈ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻔﹾﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻓﻭﻀﻌﻭﻩ ﺜﻡ ﺩﺭﺴﻭﺍ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﻓﺄﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺭﻜﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻤل‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺠﺘﺯﺉ ﺒﺎﻝ ‪‬ﻜﺴ‪‬ﺭﺓ ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﻭﻴل ﻭﻻ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺼﻴﺭ ﻭﻻ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺸﺭ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺩﻋﺎﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻤ ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﺒﻁ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺠﻴﺒﻭﻩ ﻭﺍﺩﺨﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓ ِﺈﻨﱠﺎ ﻨﺤﺴﺩﻩ ﻓﻼ ﻨﺘﺒﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻨﺎ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﺒﻼﺀ‬
‫ﻋﻅﻴﻡ ﻭﻻ ﻴﺒﻘﻰ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺘﱠﺒﻌﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﺘﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻭﻨﻭﺍ ﻤﻤ‪‬ﻥ ﻴﺘﹼﺒﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺒ ‪‬ﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﻨﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ ﻓﻨﻠﻘﺎﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ‬
‫‪‬ﻤﻴ‪‬ﺴﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻗﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﺃﺒﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺭﺠﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺤﺠ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺩﺍﻉ ﻝﻘﻴﻪ ‪‬ﻤﻴ‪‬ﺴﺭﺓ ﻓﻌﺭﻓﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺯﻝﺕ‬
‫ﺞ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺒﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻻ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺭﻯ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻴﺼ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺘﱢﺒﺎﻋﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﻨﺨ ﹶ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺘﺄﺨﻴﺭ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﱠﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻤﻌﻲ ﻓﺄﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﺨﻠﻬﻡ ﻴﺎ ﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ »ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻹِﺳﻼﻡ ﻓﻬﻮ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ«‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺩ ﷲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻨﻘﺫﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻓﺤﺴﻥ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻪ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺃﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻜﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﻤﺜﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﹸﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﺌل )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٣‬ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﺤﺩﺜﻨﻲ‬

‫ﺼﻠﹾﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺭﻭﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﹶﻜﺜ‪‬ﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺠﺎﺀ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻜ‪‬ﻨﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﻌ‪‬ﻜﺎﻅ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺠﺒ‪‬ﻬﻬﻡ ﻝﻪ ﺠﻌل ﻴﻜﻠﻤﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺕ ﺤ ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻝﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻝﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﻭﺓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﺄ ‪‬‬
‫»ﺃﺩﻋﻮﻛﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬
‫ﺑﺎﳋﻴﺎﺭ«‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﺎﻤﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﲤﻨﻌﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ﹾﻥ ﺃﻇﻬ ‪‬ﺮ ﻓﺄﻧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﻭل ﻭﻝﻜﻨﱠﺎ ﻨﻌﺒﺩ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻌﺒﺩ ﺁﺒﺎﺅﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻗﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﺴﺒﻘﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻥ ﻨﺒﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻝﻴ‪‬ﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻭﻥ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ﺘﹸﺴﺒﻘﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺭ‪‬ﻡ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻅ ﱠل ﺯﻤﺎﻨﹸﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻋﻭﺭ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺴﻜﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﺘﻪ ﻋﺸﻴﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﺘﺅﻭﻨﻪ؟ ﺃﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﺤﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﻁﺒﺔ؟ ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻡ ﻻ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﺤﺯﻴﻨﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻬﻡ ﻓﺨﺒﺭﻭﻫﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺇﻨﱠﻜﻡ ﻤﺨﻁﺌﻭﻥ ﺒﺨﻁﺌﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺴﺒﻘﺘﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻝﺴﺩﺘﹸﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺠﺩ ﺼﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻭﺼﻔﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺭﺃَﻭﻩ ﻜل ﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﺼﺩﻗﻭﻨﻪ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺼﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺼﻔﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻨﺠﺩ ﻤﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻫﺠﺭﺘﻪ ﻴﺜﺭﺏ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻝﻴﻭﺍﻓﻭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‬
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‫ﻑ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺒل‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﺒﺴﻬﻡ ﺴﻴﺩ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺤﺞ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻭﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﻭﺘﻪ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﺩ‪‬ﻕ ﺒﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﻴﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻻﺌل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﺓ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٠‬ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻤﺭﻱ ﻋﻥ‬
‫» ‪‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺃﺘﺎﻨﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﺒﺴﻭﻕ ﻋ‪‬ﻜﺎﻅ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺒﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﻱ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ؟«‬

‫ﺼﻌ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ؟« ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜﻢ؟« ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻴ‪‬ﺭﺍﻡ ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻗﺒ‪‬ﻠﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﻁﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍ ﹶﳌ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻨﺎﺭﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ‪ » :‬ﺇﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ﹾﻥ ﺃﺗﻴﺘﻜﻢ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﺣﱴ ﺃﹸﺑﻠﱢﻎ‬
‫ﻱ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺭﰊ؟ ﻭﱂ ﺃﹸﻛﺮﻩ ﺃﺣﺪﹰﺍ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ «‪.‬‬
‫«‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﺎﻑ؟‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺕ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫«‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﻝﻜﻨﱠﺎ ﻻ ﻨﻁﺭﺩﻙ ﻭﻻ ﻨﹸﺅﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺬﱠﺑﲏ ﻭﻃﺮﺩﱐ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‪» :‬‬
‫ﺒﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻤﻨﻌﻙ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺒﻠﻎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﺒﻙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻨﺯل ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻴﺘﺴﻭﻗﻭﻥ ﺇﺫ ﺃﺘﺎﻫﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﺒﺠ‪‬ﺭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﻗﻴﺱ ﺍﻝ ﹸﻘﺸﹶﻴﺭﻱ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ﻋﻨﺩﻜﻡ؟ ُﺃﻨﹾﻜﺭ‪‬ﻩ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺸﻲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﺎﻝﻜﻡ ﻭﻝﻪ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺯﻋﻡ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﻨﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺒﱢﻠ ﹶﻎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺭﺩﺩﺘﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭ‪‬ﺤﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴ‪‬ﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻨﹸﺨﺭﺠﻜﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻭﻨﻤﻨﻌﻙ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻨﻤﻨﻊ ﺒﻪ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪‬ﺒﺠ‪‬ﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺒﺸﻲﺀ ﺃﺸ ‪‬ﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻲﺀ ﺘﺭﺠﻌﻭﻥ ﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﺒﺩﺃﺘﻡ ﻝﺘﻨﺎﺒﺫ‬
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‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺭﻤﻴﻜﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻋﻥ ﻗﻭﺱ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺁﻨﺴﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺨﻴﺭﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻝﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺃﺴﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺘﻌﻤﺩﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭ‪‬ﻫﻴﻕ ﻗﻭﻡ ﻗﺩ ﻁﺭﺩﻩ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﻜﺫﱠﺒﻭﻩ ﻓﺘﺅﻭﻭﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻨﺼﺭﻭﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺌﺱ ﺍﻝﺭﺃﻱ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻡ ﺜﻡ ﺃﻗﺒل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺜﹸﻡ ﻓﺎﻝﺤﻕ‬
‫ﺒﻘﻭﻤﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻝﻭﻻ ﺃﻨﱠﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﻝﻀﺭﺒﺕ ﻋﻨﻘﻙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺙ ‪‬ﺒﺠ‪‬ﺭﺓ ﺸﻜﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻤﺼﺕ ﺒﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﺄﻝﻘﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﻨﺎﻗﺘﻪ ﻓﺭﻜﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻐﻤﺯ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﻴ ﹸ‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ ﻀ‪‬ﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺒﻨﺕ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻗﹸﺭﻁ ـ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻼﺘﻲ ﺃﺴﻠﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ ـ ﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺯﺍﺌﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺁل ﻋﺎﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻴ‪‬ﺼﻨﻊ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺒﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻜﻡ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ‬ﻤﻨﻜﻡ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻼ ﻓﺠﻠﺩ ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒ‪‬ﺠﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﺃﻋﺎﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺨﺫ ﻜل ﺭﺠل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺠﻠﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﺩﺭﻩ ﺜﻡ ﻋﻠﹶﻭﺍ ﻭﺠﻭﻫﻬﻡ ﻝﻁﻤﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪»:‬‬
‫«‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻨﺼﺭﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﺸﻬﺩﺍﺀ؛ ﻭﻫﻠﻙ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻭﻥ ﻝﻌﻨ ﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻨﺼﺭﺍ ‪‬ﺒﺠ‪‬ﺭﺓ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻓ‪‬ﺭﺍﺱ؛‬
‫ﺤﺯﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻨﺼﺭﻭﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻏﻁﹶﻔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺒﻨﺎ ﺴﻬل‪ ،‬ﻭﻋ‪‬ﺭﻭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻐ‪‬ﻁﺭﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶ‬
‫ﻴﺤﻴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻐﺎﺯﻴﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻴﻪ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﻌ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ‬

‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺯﻫ‪‬ﺭﻱ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺃﺘﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺭﺠل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ـ ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺒ‪‬ﺤﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻓﺭﺍﺱ ـ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﻝﻭ ﺃﻨﻲ ﺃﺨﺫﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﻷﻜﻠﺕ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﺃَﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺇﻥ‪‬‬
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‫ﻨﺤﻥ ﺘﺎﺒﻌﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻤﺭﻙ ﺜﻡ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺨﺎﻝﻔﻙ ﺃﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺸﺎﺀ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻓﻨﻬﺩ‪‬ﻑ ﻨﺤﻭﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﷲ ﻳﻀﻌﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻌﺭﺏ ﺩﻭﻨﻙ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻙ ﺍﷲ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﻝﻐﻴﺭﻨﺎ؟ ﻻ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﺄﻤﺭﻙ؛ ﻓﺄﺒ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﺩ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺭﺠﻌﺕ ﺒﻨﻭ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺸﻴﺦ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺩﺭﻜﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻥ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻻ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﺩﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻭﺍﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻭﻩ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻡ ﺴﺄﻝﻬﻡ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﺴﻤﻬﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺠﺎﺀﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺜﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ﻴﺯﻋﻡ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻨﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻤﻨﻌﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻭﻨﺨﺭﺝ ﺒﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻭﻀﻊ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻴﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺴﻪ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺱ ﻓﻼﻥ ﺒﻴﺩﻩ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻫل ﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻼﻑ؟ ﻫل ﻝﺫﹸﻨﺎﺒﺎﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻁﻠﺏ؟ ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻨﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﻭ‪‬ﻝﻬﺎ ﺇﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻲ ﻗﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﱠﻬﺎ ﻝﺤﻕ ﻓﺄﻴﻥ ﺭﺃﻴﻜﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﻜﻡ؟‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٠‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺯﻫ‪‬ﺭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺸﻴﺦ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺁﺨﺭﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﻌﺕ ﺒﻨﻭ ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺼﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﺃﺘﻰ ﻜﻨﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺴﻴﺩ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹶﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ ﻭﺠ ّل ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺒ‪‬ﻭﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺼ‪‬ﻴﻥ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺃﺘﻰ ﹶﻜﻠﹾﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻁﻥ‬

‫ﻭﻋﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﻨﻭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﻨﱠﻪ‬
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‫ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻘﺒﻠﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺑﻴﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻘﻭل‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﺤﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻙ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ‬ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺢ ﺭﺩﹰﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﺃﻗﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺃﺒﻭ ﹸﻨﻌ‪‬ﻴﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﻝﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ‪»:‬ﻻ ﺃﺭﻯ ﱄ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﺧﻴﻚ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻞ ﺃﻧﺖ ﳐﺮﺟﻲ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ«‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻤﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ ﻏﺪﹰﺍ ﺣﱴ ﻧﻘ ‪‬ﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻫﺫﻩ ‪‬ﻜﻨﹾﺩﺓ ﻭ ِﻝﻔﱡﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻤﻥ ﻴﺤﺞ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺒﻜﺭ‬
‫ﺼﻌ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺨﺘﺭ ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل ﻓﺒﺩﺃ ﺒ ‪‬ﻜﻨﹾﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺌل‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ؟«‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﻓﺄﺘﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ » :‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻛﻨ‪‬ﺪﺓ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﻜﻨﹾﺩﺓ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫»ﻓﻬﻞ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺧﲑ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ؟ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺗﺸﻬﺪﻭﻥ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﲟﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺕ ﺘﺠﻌلْ ﻝﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻥ ﻜﻨﺩﺓ ﻗﺎﻝﺕ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﺇِﻥ ﻅﻔﺭ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺠﻠﺢ‪ :‬ﻭﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻨﻲ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺸﻴﺎﺥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﺃ ‪‬‬
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‫ﻳﺸﺎﺀ«‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪»:‬ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﷲ ﳚﻌﻠﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻙ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻝﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺠﺌﺘﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺃﺠﺌﺘﻨﺎ ﻝﺘﺼﺩ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺁﻝﻬﺘﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻨﻨﺎﺒﺫ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﺤﻕ ﺒﻘﻭﻤﻙ ﻓﻼ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﺄﺘﻰ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺌل ﻓﻘﺎل‪ » :‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺋﻞ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻗﻴﺱ ﺒﻥ ﺜﻌﻠﺒﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻱ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺒﻜﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺌل‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﻌﺔ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﺜﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻓﻜﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻨﹶﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺠﺎﻭﺭﻨﺎ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻓﻨﺤﻥ ﻻ ﻨﻤﺘﻨﻊ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﻻ ﻨﹸﺠﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻓﺘﺠﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﺇ ﹾﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺑﻘﺎﻛﻢ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻨﺰﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻨﻜﺤﻮﺍ ﻧﺴﺎﺀﻫﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺴﺒ‪‬ﺤﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﺛﻼﺛﹰﺎ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﲢﻤﺪﻭﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﹰﺎ‬
‫»ﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻼﺛﲔ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﻨﺕ؟ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻼﺛﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻜﺒ‪‬ﺮﻭﻩ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ«‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﻓﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻝﱠﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬
‫ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺘﻘﺒﻠﻭﺍ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻫل ﺘﻌﺭﻑ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ‬
‫ﻱ ﺸﺄﻨﻪ ﺘﺴﺄﻝﻭﻥ؟ ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭﻭﻩ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﺭﻭﺓ ﻤﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻥ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ«‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻻ ﻻ ﺘﺭﻓﻌﻭﺍ ﺒﺭﺃﺴﻪ ﻗﻭﻻﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﱠﻪ ﻤﺠﻨﻭﻥ ﻴﻬﺫﻱ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻋﻡ ﺃﻨﻪ »ﺭﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫ُﺃ ‪‬ﻡ ﺭﺃﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻗﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻲ ﻝﻐﻼﻡ ﺸﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻤﻊ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻤﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻘﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﲏ ﻓﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﱐ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﺮﻛﻢ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺸﺮﻛﻮﺍ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﲣﻠﻌﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﺆﻣﻨﻮﺍ‬
‫ﺑﻪ«‪.‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺨﻠﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﰊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺼﺪ‪‬ﻗﻮﺍ ﰊ‪ ،‬ﻭﲤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﺣﱴ ﹸﺃ‪‬ﺑﻴ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺜﲏ‬
‫ﺤﻠﱠﺔ ﻋﺩﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﺭﻍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺠل ﺃﺤﻭل ﻭﻀﺊ‪ ،‬ﻝﻪ ﻏﺩﻴﺭﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻜﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻗﺎل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ‪ِ ،‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﺴﻠﺨﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﺯ‪‬ﻯ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻨﺎﻗﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﻠﻔﺎﺀﻜﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺒﻥ ﺃُﻗﻴ‪‬ﺵ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻀﻼﻝﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺘﻁﻴﻌﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺘﺴﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬
‫ﻷﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻭﻴﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻭل؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻋﻤﻪ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﺯ‪‬ﻯ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺤﺴﻴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ ﻭﻭﺜﱠﻘﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﺭﺠل ﻝﻡ ﻴ‪‬ﺴ ‪‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺭﻙ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺤﺠﺠﺕ ﻤﻊ ﺃﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﺯﻝﻨﺎ ﻤﻨﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻨﺤﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻷﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻘﻭل‪:‬‬
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‫ﺗﻔﻠﺤﻮﺍ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ‬ ‫»ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺜﻘﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺯ‪‬ﺭﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻐﻭﻱ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺍﻝﻐﺎﻤﺩﻱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﻠﺕ ﻷﺒﻲ ﻭﻨﺤﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻤﻨﻰ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﺸﺭ‪‬ﻓﺕﹸ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺒﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻡ ﻴﺭﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹِﺼﺎﺒﺔ)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﻴل ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ـ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻕ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺠﺎﺯ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺃ‪‬ﻳﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻠﺤﻮﺍ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺍﺀﻩ ﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﻀﺊ ﺍﻝﻭﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﺤﻭل‪ ،‬ﺫﻭ ﻏﺩﻴﺭﺘﻴﻥ ﻴﻘﻭل‪ِ :‬ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﺼﺎﺒﺊ ﻜﺎﺫﺏ‪ ،‬ﻴﺘﱠﺒﻌﻪ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺫﻫﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺄﻝﺕ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﺒﻨﺤﻭﻩ ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺍﺒﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ ﺒﻨﺤﻭﻩ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺴﻁ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺯ‪‬ﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﺄﺴﺎﻨﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺤﺩ ﺃﺴﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺜﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺼﺤ‪‬ﺤﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺒﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻭﺍﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺞ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ‪. ٧٢/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ – ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪٥٩‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻔ ‪‬ﺭ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺘﺒﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻤﻨﻘﺼﻔﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻻ ﻴﺴﻜﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺇﻨﱢﻲ ﺒﺴﻭﻕ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﺇﺫﹾ ﻤ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺠل ﺸﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪‬ﺤﻠﱠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺭﺩ ﺃﺤﻤﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻔ‪‬ﻠﺤﻮﺍ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺠل ﺨﻠﻔﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺩﻤﻰ ﻋﺭﻗﻭﺒﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﺎﻗﻴﻪ ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﻜﺫﺍﺏ ﻓﻼ ﺘﻁﻴﻌﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻏﻼﻡ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺯﻋﻡ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ‬
‫»ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ« ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻋﻤﻪ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﺯ‪‬ﻯ‪ .‬ﻓﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ‬
‫ﺤﺒ‪‬ﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﺩﻝﱢﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺜﱠﻘﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺒﻥ ﻜ‪‬ﻨﺎﻨﺔ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫»ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻭﻕ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﺯ ﻴﺘﺨﻠﱠﻠﻬﺎ ﻴﻘﻭل‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻠﺤﻮﺍ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﺠﻬل ﻴ‪‬ﺤﺜﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﺏ ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻻ ﻴ‪‬ﻐﻭﻴﻨﱠﻜﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺩﻴﻨﻜﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﻝﺘﺘﺭﻜﻭﺍ ﺁﻝﻬﺘﻜﻡ ﻭﺘﺘﺭﻜﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻌﺯ‪‬ﻯ؛ ﻭﻴﻠﺘﻔﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺕﹾ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺒﻴﻥ ﺒ‪‬ﺭﺩﻴﻥ ﺃﺤﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺭﺒﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﺤﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺸﻌ‪‬ﺭ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺴﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﱠﻌﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻴﺽ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﺴﺎﺒﻎ ﺍﻝ ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﻨﻌﺘﻪ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﻕ‬
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‫ﺃﺒﻭ ﺠﻬل‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻭﻫﻤﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻤل ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺘﺎﺭﺓ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻭﺘﺎﺭﺓ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺫﺍ‪،‬ﻭﺃﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺎ ﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭﺒﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺫﺍﺌﻪ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ)‪.(١‬‬
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‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ ‪.٨٠/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ – ﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬

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א وאدو‬
‫‪٦١‬‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻨﺘﺠﻭل ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻨﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺜﻡ ﻨـﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﻝﻠﺤﻀـﻭﺭ ﻤﻌﻨـﺎ ﺇﻝـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺃﺤﺩﻨﺎ ﻝﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻥ ﻜﺒﺭﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﻅﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺘـﻪ ﻭﺭﺒﻭﺒﻴﺘـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻝﻭﻫﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﻤﺘﺜﺎل ﺃﻤﺭﻩ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﻭﺍﻝـﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻵﺨـﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺤﻤـل ﺍﻝﻨـﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ما معنى لفظ البيان ؟‬
‫و ﳌﺎذا ﱂ ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﳏﺎﴐة‪ ،‬أو ﻧﻘﻮل ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أو ﻣﺆﲤﺮ؟‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﺍﻷﻝﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﻘﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﲔ {)‪.(١‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻈ ﹲﺔ ﱢﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﻯ‬
‫}ﻫ‪‬ـﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬ﺑﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻥ ﻟﱢﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﺃﻭل ﻤﺎ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﺨﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺭﻴﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﻌﻤﻠﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻌﻭﺩﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻴﺤﻀﺭﻭﻥ ﻤﻌﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻝﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺎ ﻨﻘﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻥ ؟ ﻓﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﺍﻀﻁﺭﺏ ﻭﺨﺎﻑ ﻷﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻤﺘﻌﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻤﺜل ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪ (....‬ﻓﺎﻝﻤﺴﻜﻴﻥ ﺨﺎﻑ ﻓﺄﺤﻴﺎﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺩﻡ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺍﻷﻝﻔﺎﻅ ﻴﺠﻌل ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺨﻭﻑ ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﻔﻬﻡ ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺘﺒﻴﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﺎﺌﻕ ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻨﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻬﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٣٨‬‬

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‫ﻤﺴﻨﻭﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻤﺘﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ﻴﺄﻤﺭ ﺴﻴﺩﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻝﻪ ﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﻐﺩﺍﺀ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ
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‫ﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﲔ{‬
‫ﻚ ﺍ ﹾﻻ ﹾﻗ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﲑ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪ } :‬ﻭﺃﹶﻧ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻫل ﺒﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﺎﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺜﻼﺜﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﻭﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﻋﲏ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻠﻲ؟«‬ ‫‪‬ﺩﻳ‪‬ﲏ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻋﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﱵ ﰲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺠل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺕ ﻜﻨﺕ ﺒﺤﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ـ‬
‫ﺜﻼﺜ ﹰﺎ ـ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻌﺭﺽ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫل ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ
‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ

ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺠﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ـ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﺠﺫﹶﻋﺔ ﻭﻴﺸﺭﺏ ﺍﻝ ﹶﻔﺭ‪‬ﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ ـ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ﻭﻫﻡ ‪‬ﺭﻫ‪‬ﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﻠﱡﻬﻡ ﻴﺄﻜل ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻨﻊ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻤ ‪‬ﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺸﺒﻌﻭﺍ ﻭﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻝﻡ ﻴ‪‬ﺸﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺒ ﹸﻐﻤ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺭﻭ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﻭﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﺍﺏ ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﺇﱐ ﺑ‪‬ﻌﺜﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﺎﻣ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫»‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻳﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻳ‪‬ﻜﻢ ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻌﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬

‫؟ « ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻘﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﻤﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ـ ﻭﻜﻨﺕ ﺃﺼﻐﺭ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻲ ﻭﺻﺎﺣﱯ‬
‫ـ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﺠﻠﺱ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ـ ﺜﻼﺙ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ـ ﻜل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻗﻭﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﺍﺠﻠﺱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ ﻀﺭﺏ ﺒﻴﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻴﺩﻱ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ‪.‬‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﲔ{‬
‫ﻚ ﺍ ﹾﻻ ﹾﻗ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﲑ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﺯ‪‬ﺍﺭ ﻋﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ
ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻨﺯﻝﺕ‪ } :‬ﻭﺃﹶﻧ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ ‪ »:‬ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻨﻊ ﺭﹺﺟﻞ ﺷﺎﺓ ﺑﺼﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﲨﻊ ﱄ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫« ـ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﺭﺠﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺭﺠل ـ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﲏ ﻫﺎﺷﻢ‬
‫ﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺄﻜل‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﻀﻌﻪ ﺒﻴﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺸﺒﻌﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﺫﻋﺔ ﺒﺈﺩﺍﻤﻬﺎ؛ ﺜﻡ ﺘﻨﺎﻭل ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺡ ﻓﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺭ‪‬ﻭﻭﺍ ـ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﺒﻥ ـ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ ﻜﺎﻝﺴ‪‬ﺤﺭ ـ ﻴﺭﻭﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻝﻬﺏ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻗﺎﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪":‬‬
‫ﻟﱭ"‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻨﻊ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺷﺎﺓ ﺑﺼﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﺪﺩ ﹶﻗﻌ‪‬ﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻔﻌﻠﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﻭل‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻀل ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻀل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ ﻜﺎﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺤﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻟﱭ« ﻓﻔﻌﻠﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻨﻊ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺷﺎﺓ ﺑﺼﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﻌﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺠﻤﻊ ﻝﻲ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻫﺎﺸﻡ«‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻤﻌﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﻭﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺩﺭﻫﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫‪‬ﺩﻳ‪‬ﲏ؟« ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺴﻜ ﱡ‬

‫ﺕ ﻭﺴﻜﺕ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻋﺎﺩ‬ ‫»ﺃﻳﻜﻢ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻁﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ« ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﺯ‪‬ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﻔﻅ ﻝﻪ؛ ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺴﻁ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺃﻴﻀﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺠﺎل ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺃﺤﺩ ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﺒﺯ‪‬ﺍﺭ ﺭﺠﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺸﺭﹺﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺜﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﹶ‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺃﻴﻀﹰﺎ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺤﺎﺘﻡ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺤﺩﻴﺜﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﺃﻳ‪‬ﻜﻢ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﲏ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻠﻲ؟« ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺴﻜﺘﻭﺍ ﻭﺴﻜﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ ﺨﺸﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩﻳ‪‬ﲏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﱵ ﰲ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎﻝﻪ ﻤﺭﺓ ﺃُﺨﺭﻯ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ‬
‫ﺕ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻝﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﺤﻴﻁ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﻤﺎﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺴﻜ ﱡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭِﺇﻨﱢﻲ ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ ﻷﺴﻭﺃﻫﻡ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪‬ﺵ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻗﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇِﻨﻲ ﻷﻋﻤﺵ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻨﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻀﺨﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﺌل ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺭﻴﺭ ﺒﺄﺒﺴﻁ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﻕ ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺃُﺨﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ؛ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ )‪.(١‬‬
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‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺸﻴﺭﺘﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﺭﺒﻴﻥ ‪.٨٢/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ – ﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬
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‫)‪ (٥‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬

‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﻤﺴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﻜﺎﻨـﺕ‬
‫ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺴﻼﻡ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺴﺄل ﻋﻥ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﻗﺒل ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﻷﺨﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ_ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻘﻀﺎﺀ _ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺨﺎﻝـﺩ
_ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺼﺔ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ _ ‪ :‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺨﻲ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﻗﺩ ﺩﺨل ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤـﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻓﻁﻠﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺠﺩﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺘﺏ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻝـﺭﺤﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻨﻲ ﻝﻡ ﺃﺭ ﺃﻋﺠﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻫﺎﺏ ﺭﺃﻴﻙ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻋﻘﻠﻙ ﻋﻘﻠـﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺜـل‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺠﻬﻠﻪ ﺃﺤﺩ؟ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺴﺄﻝﻨﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻙ ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻴﻥ ﺨﺎﻝـﺩ ؟ ﻓﻘﻠـﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪ " :‬ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺟﻬﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﺟـﺪﻩ ﻣـﻊ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺧﲑﹰﺍ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺪﻣﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑﻩ "‬
‫ﻴﺎ ﺃﺨﻲ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺩ ﻓﺎﺘﻙ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻓﺎﺘﺘﻙ ﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀﻨﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﻨﺸﻁﺕ ﻝﻠﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻭﺯﺍﺩﻨﻲ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴـﺭﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺴﺅﺍل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻡ ﻜﺄﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﻀﻴﻘﺔ ﻤﺠﺩﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺨﻀﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﺴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﻝﺭﺅﻴﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻗﻠﺕ ﻷﺫﻜﺭﻥ ﻷﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﺨﺭﺠﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻫﺩﺍﻙ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻝﻺﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻀﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﻠﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺎﺤﺏ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ؟ ﻓﻠﻘﻴﺕ ﺼﻔﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺎ ﻭﻫﺏ ﺃﻤﺎ ﺘﺭﻯ ﻤﺎ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻓﻴـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻨﺤﻥ ﻜﺄﻀﺭﺍﺱ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠـﻭ ﻗـﺩﻤﻨﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﺤﻤـﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺘﺒﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺸﺭﻑ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺸﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺒﻰ ﺃﺸﺩ ﺍﻹﺒﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻭ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺒﻕ ﻏﻴـﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﺍﺘﺒﻌﺘﻪ ﺃﺒﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻓﺘﺭﻗﻨﺎ ﻭﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺭﺠل ﻗﺘل ﺃﺨﻭﻩ ﻭﺃﺒﻭﻩ ﺒﺒﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻘﻴﺕ ﻋﻜﺭﻤﺔ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺒﻲ ﺠﻬل ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻝﻪ ‪ :‬ﻤﺜل ﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺕ ﻝﺼﻔﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻲ ﻤﺜل ﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺼﻔﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻜﺘﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻻ ﺃﺫﻜﺭﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﺯﻝﻲ ﻓﺄﻤﺭﺕ ﺒﺭﺍﺤﻠﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻝﻘﻴﺕ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻁﻠﺤﺔ ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻝﻲ ﺼﺩﻴﻕ ﻓﻠﻭ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﻝﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺠﻭ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺘـل ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺁﺒﺎﺌﻪ ﻓﻜﺭﻫﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺫﻜﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﺭﺍﺤل ﻤﻥ ﺴﺎﻋﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﻝﻪ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﺤﻥ ﺒﻤﻨﺯﻝﺔ ﺜﻌﻠﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺠﺤﺭ ﻝﻭ ﺼﺏ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺫﻨﻭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤـﺎﺀ ﻝﺨـﺭﺝ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻠﺕ ﻝﻪ ﻨﺤﻭﹰﺍ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺕ ﻝﺼﺎﺤﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺴﺭﻉ ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻘﺩ ﻏﺩﻭﺕ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺃﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻏﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺭﺍﺤﻠﺘﻲ ﺒﻔﺞ ﻤﻨﺎﺨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺎﺘﻌﺩﺕ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺄﺠﺞ ﺇﻥ ﺴﺒﻘﻨﻲ ﺃﻗﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺴﺒﻘﺘﻪ ﺃﻗﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺩﻝﺠﻨﺎ ﺴﺤﺭﹰﺍ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻁﻠﻊ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻘﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﻴﺄﺠﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻐﺩﻭﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺓ ﻓﻨﺠﺩ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﺒﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻤﺭﺤﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﻭﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻭﺒﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻴﻥ ﻤﺴﻴﺭﻜﻡ ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻙ ؟‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻜﻡ ؟ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺩﺨﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﻗﺩﻤﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺼﻁﺤﺒﻨﺎ ﺠﻤﻴﻌ ﹰﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺩﺨﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﺄﻨﺨﻨﺎ ﺒﻅﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺓ ﺭﻜﺎﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭ ﺒﻨﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﺴﺭ ﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺒﺴﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺜﻴـﺎﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺜـﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺩﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻘﻴﻨﻲ ﺃﺨﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺴﺭﻉ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺨﺒﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻙ ﻓﺴﺭ ﺒﻘﺩﻭﻤﻙ ﻭﻫﻭﻴﻨﺘﻅﺭﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺴﺭﻋﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﺎﻁﻠﻌﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺯﺍل ﻴﺘﺒﺴﻡ ﺇﻝﻲ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﻗﻔﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒﻭﺓ ﻓﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﺒﻭﺠﻪ ﻁﻠﻕ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻨـﻲ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴـﻭل ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪ " :‬ﺗﻌﺎﻝ "‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻬﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻨﻙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺭﺟﻮﺕ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ ‪ " :‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻫﺪﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻘ ﹰ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ! ﺇﻨﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﺃﺸـﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﺴﻠﻤﻚ ﺇﻻ ﺇﱃ ﺧﲑ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻁﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻤﻌﺎﻨﺩﹰﺍ ﻝﻠﺤﻕ ﻓﺎﺩﻋﻭ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻐﻔﺭﻫﺎ ﻝﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪" :‬‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ؟‬ ‫‪ " :‬ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﳚﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ "‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﳋﺎﻟﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺿﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺳـﺒﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺨﺎﻝﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﻓﺒﺎﻴﻌﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺩﻭﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ "‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﺭ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺜﻤﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻌﺩل ﺒـﻲ ﺃﺤـﺩﹰﺍ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺤﺯﺒﻪ)‪ .(١‬ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺨﻭﻝﻪ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﺌل ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺯﻫﻴﺭ ﺃﺭﺴل ﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﺨﻴﻪ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺯﻫﻴﺭ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺸﺎﻋﺭﺍ ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﻴﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺃﺼﺩﻗﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ ﻴﺩﺭﺴﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﻴﻜﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻨﺤﻥ‬
‫ﻨﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻨﺭﺴل ﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺒﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻜﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﺌل ﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﷲ ﻭﺘـﺫﻜﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﻭﺍﻀﻴﻊ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ؟‬
‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺴﻭﻑ ﻨﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻋﻥ ﻓﻭﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪٢٣٨/٤‬‬

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‫‪& -. )*+ , ( )*+‬‬

‫ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل‪ ،‬ﻗﻭﻝﻪ ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﻭﹾﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﺔ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻋ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺮ ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺄﻜﻴﺩ ﻭﺒﺎﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﺯﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﻭﹾﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﺔ‬
‫( ﻴﻐﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻜﻴـﻑ ؟ )‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻝﻔﻅ ﺤﺭﻑ ) ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻜ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ( ﻗﺩ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻉ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﺫﻧ‪‬ﻮﹺﺑ ﹸ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﻐﻔﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻨﻭﺒﻜﻡ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻤﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻴﻐﻔﺭ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻝﺫﻨﻭﺏ ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻻ ‪ ،‬ﻝﻜـﻥ ﻴﻐﻔـﺭ‬
‫( ﻴﺒﻴﻥ ﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺫﻨﻭﺏ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺤﺭﻑ ) ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﻴﺒﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻴﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻹﻝﻬﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻰ ﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﺒﺎﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﻫﻰ ﻝـﻪ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺜﻡ ﻝﻜل ﻓﺭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٠٤‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺤﻘﺎﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٣١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٧٠‬‬
‫ﻓﻜل ﺃﻤﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺘﺸﺘﺭﻙ ﻓﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻗﺘﺭﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺒﻘﺭﻴﻨﺔ ﺘﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻨﻪ ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﻜﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ )‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺃﻤـﺭ‬

‫ﻟ‪‬ﻠ‪‬ﻨﹺﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹰﺔ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺎﺹ ﺒﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻤﻭﺠﻪ ﻝﻸﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺸﺨﺹ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭل ﺃﻤﺭ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻝﻘﻭل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ‪ " :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻗﻭﻝﻭﺍ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻔﻠﺤﻭﺍ " ﻓﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺼﻭﻡ ﻭﻻ ﺯﻜـﺎﺓ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺤﺞ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﻭﻜل ﻓﺭﺩ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﺍ ﻝﺘﻭﺤﻴـﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺤﺴـﺏ‬
‫ﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻰ ﻝﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺤﻴﺩﻩ
ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻡ ﻗـﺎل ‪ ..‬ﺃﻥ ﺘﻘـﻭل‬
‫ﺃﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻭﺠﻬﻰ ﷲ ﻭﺘﺨﻠﻴﺕ ﻭﺘﻘﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺘﺅﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﺯﻜﺎﺓ ﻭﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻼ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﻴﻔـﺎﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻤﺤﺭﻡ َﺃﺨﹶﻭﺍﻥ ﻨﺼﻴﺭﺍﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﺭﻙ ﺒﻌﺩﻤﺎ ﺃﺴﻠﻡ ﻋﻤـ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻜﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﻝﻰ ﺃﻤﺴﻙ ﺒﺤﺠﺯﻜﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ‪ .‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺭﺒﻰ ﺩﺍﻋﻰ ﻭﺇﻨﻪ ﺴـﺎﺌﻠﻰ ‪..‬‬
‫ﻫل ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻯ ‪..‬؟ ﻓﺄﻗﻭل ‪ :‬ﺭﺏ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﻐﺕ ‪ .‬ﺃﻻ ﻓﻠﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﺸﺎﻫﺩﻜﻡ ﻏﺎﺌﺒﻜﻡ ) ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺭ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ( )‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪. ٥٠‬‬

‫‪ (٢‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ‪. ٤٨ / ١ -‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٧١‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺘﻜﻠﻴﻑ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻝﻤﻥ ﺩﺨل ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﺌﺫﻥ ﻝﻰ ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻰ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺒﻙ ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺒﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻰ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻗﻭﻤﻰ ﻝﻌل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻁﺭﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﻌﺩﻤﺎ ﻴﺩﺨل ﻓﻰ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ) ﻜﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺜﻌﻠﺒﺔ ( ﻭﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ‪..‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﻀﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺒﻌﺙ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻀـﻤﺎﻡ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺜﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻓﺩﹰﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻘﺩﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﺃﻨﺎﺥ ﺒﻌﻴﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺜﻡ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻼ ﺠﻠـﺩﹰﺍ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺩﺨل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺠﺎﻝﺱ ﻓﻰ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﺠـ ﹰ‬
‫ﺃﺸﻌﺭ ‪ ،‬ﺫﺍ ﻏﺩﻴﺭﺘﻴﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﺒل ﺤﺘﻰ ﻭﻗﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻰ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ‪ .‬ﻓﻘـﺎل‬
‫ﺃﻴﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ‪..‬؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ‪ :‬ﻴـﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ ‪ .‬ﺇﻨﻰ ﺴﺎﺌﻠﻙ ﻭﻤﻐﻠﻅ ﻋﻠﻴـﻙ ﻓـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺄﻝﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺘﺠﺩﻥ ﻓﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻙ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺃﺠﺩ ﻓﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﺴــل ﻋﻤــﺎ ﺒﺩﺍ ﻝـﻙ‬
‫‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺸﺩﻙ ﺇﻝﻬﻙ ﻭﺇﻝﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻙ ﻭﺇﻝﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻫﻭ ﻜﺎﺌﻥ ﺒﻌـﺩﻙ ‪ .‬ﺁﷲ ﺒﻌﺜـﻙ ﺇﻝﻴﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭ ﹰﻻ ‪..‬؟ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬﻡ ﻨﻌﻡ ‪ ..‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺸﺭﺍﺌﻊ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻴﻨﺸﺩﻩ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻜل‬
‫ﻓﺭﻴﻀﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺸﺩﻩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﺭﻍ ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻨﻰ ﺃﺸﻬﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻝـﻪ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺴﺄﺅﺩﻯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺍﺌﺽ ﻭﺃﺠﺘﻨﺏ ﻤﺎ ﻨﻬﻴﺘﻨـﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﺜﻡ ﻻ ﺃﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻨﻘﺹ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻌﻴﺭﻩ ﺭﺍﺠﻌ ﹰﺎ ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴـﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ – ﺒﺎﺏ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺎﺌل ﻭﺃﻗﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ – ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﻤـﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻬﻨﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ – ‪. ١٧٩/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٧٢‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺼﺩﻕ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﻴﺼﺘﻴﻥ ﺩﺨل ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺘﻰ ﺒﻌﻴﺭﻩ ﻓﺄﻁﻠﻕ ﻋﻘﺎﻝﻪ ﺜـﻡ ﺨـﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﺎﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻤﺎ ﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺒﺌﺴﺕ ﺍﻝﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻝﻌـﺯﻯ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ ‪ :‬ﻤﻪ ﻴﺎ ﻀﻤﺎﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺘﻕ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺹ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺘﻕ ﺍﻝﺠﺫﺍﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺘﻕ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﻥ ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ‪ :‬ﻭﻴﻠﻜﻡ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻴﻀﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻔﻌﺎﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻌﺙ ﺭﺴﻭ ﹰﻻ ﻭﺃﻨـﺯل ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻜﺘﺎﺒـ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻨﻘﺫﻜﻡ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺇﻨﻰ ﺃﺸﻬﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺤﺩﻩ ﻻ ﺸﺭﻴﻙ ﻝﻪ ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﻋﺒﺩﻩ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺌﺘﻜﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺁﻤﺭﻜﻡ ﺒﻪ ﻭﺃﻨﻬﺎﻜﻡ ﻋﻨﻪ ‪ .‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺴﻰ ﻓﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﻓﻰ ﺤﺎﻀﺭﻩ ﺭﺠل ﻭﻻ ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻤﺴﻠﻤ ﹰﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺒﻭﺍﻓﺩ ﻗﻭﻡ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻤﻥ ﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﺒﻥ ﺜﻌﻠﺒﻪ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒـﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺤﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ‪..‬؟ ﻤﻊ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺠﻠﺱ ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻻ ﹺﺇﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻗﺕ ﻗﻠﻴل ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻔﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻯ ﺘﻌﻠﻤﻪ ‬
‫ ﺨﻠﻕ ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻕ ﻝﻴﻌﺭﻑ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋ‪‬ﺭﻑ ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺩ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺩ ﺸﻜﺭ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺸﻜﺭ ﺃﻋﻁـﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﹺﻻ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻁﺎﺀﹰﺍ ﻻ ﻨﻔﺎﺩ ﻝﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺇﻻ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺩ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ ﻷﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﺭﻜﺔ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻓﺭﺩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ ﻭﻭﺍﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺒﻰ ) ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ‪( ١٧٨/١‬‬
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‫( ﻴﻔﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺩﺍﻋﻴﺎ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻑ ) ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻌﻀﻴﺔ ﺇﻱ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺱ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ‬
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‫ﺃﻨﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺒﻪ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺴﻘﻁ ﺍﻹﺜﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻗﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﺘﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺴﻘﻁ ﺍﻹﺜﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻭﻴﻅل ﺍﻹﺜﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺤﺘـﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﺩﻓﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺕ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻤﻴـﺕ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺤـﺩ ﻴﺤﺘـﺎﺝ ﺇﻝـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﺸﺭﺓ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﺕ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻤﻴﺕ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻤﺎﺌﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻤﻴﺕ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤـﺔ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻤﺎﺌـﺔ ﺸـﺨﺹ‬
‫ﻝﺩﻓﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺸﺨﺹ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻓﻬﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺍﻝـﺫﻴﻥ ﺠـﺎﺀﻭﺍ ﺍﺴـﻘﻁﻭﺍ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ ﺍﻹﺜﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺭﺝ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺅﺍﺨﺫﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻹﺜﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺒﺔ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻷﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻝﻡ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
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>< + ,@ $‬؟‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺍﻷﺸﻌﺭﻱ

ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻗـﺎل‪ ":‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺭﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻱ)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳊﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﻓﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﺕ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻴـﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺠـﻭﺩ ﺒﺘـﺫﻜﻴﺭﻩ ﺒـﺎﷲ‬
‫ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﻌﺩﺍﺩ ﻗﻁﺭ )‪ (٣٠٠,٠٠٠‬ﻜﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻝﻭ ﻨﻅﺭﻨﺎ ﻤﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻲ )‪ ، (٣٠٠,٠٠٠‬ﻫل ﻴﻜﻔﻰ ﻝﻘﻁﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﻙ ﻝﺘﻌـﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻌـﺎﻝﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺘﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ ‪
!: ;) A‬؟
‪ !: ;) BC$* $‬؟‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺨﺩﺭﻱ
ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺒﻌﺙ ﺒﻌﺜ ﹰﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻝﺤﻴﺎﻥ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫" ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻴل ﻓﻘﺎل‪ " :‬ﻟﻴﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺭﺟﻠﲔ ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺟـﺮ ﺑﻴﻨـﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﻤﺴ‪ ‬ﻠﻡ‪.(٢)‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺫﻜﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺙ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺼـ ‪. ٤٩٣‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﻓﻀل ﺍﻝﻐﺩﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻭﺤﺔ ﺼـ ‪. ٤٦١‬‬
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‫ﺃﻱ ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ )‪ (%٥٠‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺩﻋﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻝــ)‪ (%٥٠‬ﻴﺠﻠﺴـﻭﻥ ﻷﺸـﻐﺎل‬

‫ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻰ ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻝﺤﺎل ﻭﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﻴﺭﺍﻋﻭﻥ ﻤﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺇﺨﻭﺍﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻴﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﺒﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﹰﺍ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻴﺴﻘﻁ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺤﻘﻘﺕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺇﱄ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﻰ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﺴﻔﻴﺭ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻠﺩ ﻝﻪ ﺍﺤﺘﺭﺍﻡ ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺒﻠﺩ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﺜﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻪ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﺘﻪ ﻭﻝـﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻨﺯﻝﺘﻪ ﺘﻤﺎﻤ ﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﺸﺨﺼﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻴﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﺃﻭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺌﻭل‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻝﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﺒﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﻫـﻰ ﺍﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻓﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻴﺴﺘﺤﻕ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ؟ ﺃﻱ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻧﺼﺮﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺩﻋﺎء ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﺕ ﻝﺴﻴﺩﻨﺎ ﺼﺩﻱ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺠﻼﻥ‪،‬ﺃَﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺒﻌﺜﻨﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﺃﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ‬
‫ﻭﺠلّ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺸﺭﺍﺌﻊ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺘﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺴﻘﹶﻭﺍ ﺇﺒﻠﻬﻡ ﻭﺤﻠﺒﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺠ‪‬ﻼﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﻙ ﺼﺒﻭﺕ‬
‫ﻱ ﺍﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻭﻨﻲ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﺭﺤﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺒﺎﻝ ‪‬‬
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‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‪ .‬ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺁﻤﻨﺕ ﺒﺎﷲ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻌﺜﻨﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻴﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺸﺭﺍﺌﻌﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺇﺫ ﺠﺎﺅﻭﺍ ﺒﻘﺼﻌﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﻭﻀﻌﻭﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﺤﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻫﻠﹸﻡ ﻴﺎ ﺼ‪‬ﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺕ ﻭﻴﺤﻜﻡ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﺃﺘﻴﺘﻜﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻴ‪‬ﺤﺭ‪‬ﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ ﺇﻻ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﱠﻴﺘﹸﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺯل ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل؟ ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻨﺰﻳﺮ‪ ...‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫» ‪‬ﺣﺮ‪‬ﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﻴﺘ ﹸﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﳊ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺯﻻﻡ«‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌﻠﺕ ﺃﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍ ِﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻴﺄﺒ‪‬ﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﻠﺕ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻭﻴﺤﻜﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻘﺴﻤﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻲ ﻋ‪‬ﻤﺎﻤﺔﹲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ‪ .‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺸﺭ‪‬ﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎﺀ ﻓﺈﻨﱢﻲ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻁﺵ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺌﺘﻭﻨﻲ ﺒ ﹶ‬
‫ﻨﺩﻋﻙ ﺘﻤﻭﺕ ﻋﻁﺸ ﹰﺎ)‪ .(١‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﺘﻤﻤﺕ ﻭﻀﺭﺒﺕ ﺒﺭﺃﺴﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﻨﻤﺕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﻤﻲ ﺒﻘﺩﺡ ﺯﺠﺎﺝ ﻝﻡ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻤﻀﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺤ ‪‬ﺭ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺘﺎﻨﻲ ﺁ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺸﺭﺍﺏ ﻝﻡ ﻴ‪ ‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺁﻝﻑ ﻤﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻤﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﺸﺭﺒﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﻴﺙ ﻓﺭﻏﺕ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺸﺭﺍﺒﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻴﻘﻅﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻁﺸﺕ ﻻ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻋﻁﺸ ﹰﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺘﻴﻙ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﺒﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻏﻡ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻬﻡ – ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻻ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺫ ﺒﺎﷲ ؟!‪.‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺒﺸﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺸﺭﻴﺢ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ ﺍ ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺴﺎﻜﺭ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﺒﻁﻭﻝﻪ ﻤﺜﻠـﻪ‬
‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜﻨﺯ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎل ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻴﻌﻠﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺨﺭﻩ‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺭﺠل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﺘﺎﻜﻡ ﺭﺠل‬
‫ﺴﺭ‪‬ﺍﺓ ﻗﻭﻤﻜﻡ ﻓﻠﻡ ﺘﺘﺤﻔﻭﻩ؟ ﻓﺄﺘﹶﻭﻨﻲ ﺒﻠﺒﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻝﻲ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﺒﻁﻨـﻲ ﻓﺄﺴـﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁﺨﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﺌل ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻪ ﺃﺭﺴﻠﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﺒﺄﻫﻠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻜـﺫﺍ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻹِﺼـﺎﺒﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩﻴﻥ؛ ﻭﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﻏﺎﻝﺏ ﻭﻗﺩ ‪‬ﻭﺜﱢـﻕ ‪،‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬـﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠـﻪ‬
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‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٧٨‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﻜﺫﺍ ﻤﻊ ﻜل ﺩﺍﻉ ﺘﺄﻴﻴﺩ ﻭﻨﺼﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻗﻴﺎﻤﻪ‬

‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫ א א
‪ :‬ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺃﺫﻜﺭ ﻤﺜﺎﻻ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺍ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﹸﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﺌل )ﺹ ‪ (٨‬ﻋﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻯ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻴﺒﺫل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺓ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻫﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﻌﻠﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﺤﺫﱢﺭﻭﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﱠﺎﺱ ﻭﻤﻥ ﻗﺩﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻁﹸﻔﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺴﻲ ﻴﺤﺩ‪‬ﺙ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻗﺩﻡ ﻤﻜﺔ ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻼ ﺸﺭﻴﻔ ﹰﺎ ﺸﺎﻋﺭﹰﺍ ﻝﺒﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ـ‬
‫ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺸﻰ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺭﺠﺎل ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻁﹸﻔﻴل‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﱠﻙ ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻨﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻋﻀل‬
‫ﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭ‪‬ﻕ ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺘﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﹼﻤﺎ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ ﻜﺎﻝﺴﺤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻴﻔﺭ‪‬ﻕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺀ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﺨﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺯﻭﺠﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﺨﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺩ ﺩﺨل ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺘﻜﱢﻠﻤ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺘﺴﻤﻊ ﻤﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﻝﻭﺍ ﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﺕ‬
‫ﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻏﺩﻭﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻜﻠﱢﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺤﺸﻭﺕ ﺃﺫﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﹸﻜﺭ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻔ ﹰﺎ ﹶﻓﺭ‪‬ﻗ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺒﻠﻐﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﻻ ﺃﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﻌﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻐﺩﻭﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎﺌﻡ ﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﻤﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺒﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﻜﻼﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺤﺴﻨﺎﹰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻜﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺩﺭﻙ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﺼﺩﻗﺔ ﻀﻌ‪‬ﻔﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ِ‪‬ﻤﻌﻴﻥ ) ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﺭﺴـﺎﻝﻪ ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇﻝﻲ ﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ‪.(٩١/١‬‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٧٩‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﺜﹸﻜ َل ﺃﻤ‪‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﺇِﻨﻲ ﻝﺭﺠل ﻝﺒﻴﺏ ﺸﺎﻋﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺨﻔﻰ ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻴﻤﻨﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻭل؟ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺤﺴﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﺤ ﹰﺎ ﺘﺭﻜﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﻜﺜﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺘﱠﺒﻌﺘﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺨل ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻝﻲ ﻜﺫﺍ ﻭﻜﺫﺍ ـ ﻝﻠﺫﻱ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻝﻲ ـ‬
‫ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺒﻜﹸﺭﺴ‪‬ﻑ ﻝﺌﻼ ﺃﺴﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﻗﻭﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺕ ﺃﺫﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺒ‪‬ﺭﺤﻭﺍ ﻴﺨﻭ‪‬ﻓﻭﻨﻨﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﻙ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺴﺩﺩ ﹸ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﻤﺎ ﺤﺴﻨﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻋﺭﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺒﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﻤﻌﻨﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﻜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﻗﻭ ﹰﻻ ﻗﻁ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﻤﺭﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻼ ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻋﺩل ﻤﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻭﺸﻬﺩﺕ ﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺤﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﱢﻲ ﺍﻤﺭﺅ‬
‫ﻉ ﺍﷲ ﻝﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﻌل‬
‫ﻤﻁﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﺩﺍﻋﻴﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻝﻲ ﺁﻴﺔ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻲ ﻋﻭﻨﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ)‪ .(١‬ﻗﺎل ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﺁﻳﺔ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﻨﺕ ﺒ ﹶﺜ ‪‬ﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﺘﹸﻁﻠﻌﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻀﺭ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻨﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻲ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺒﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻬ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻭﺠﻬﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﻲ ﺃﺨﺸﻰ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﻴﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻴﻅﻨﱡﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﱠﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻤﺜﹾﻠﹶﺔ)‪ (٢‬ﻭﻗﻌﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺠﻬﻲ ﻝﻔﺭﺍﻕ ﺩﻴﻨﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﺤﻭ‪‬ل ﻓﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﺱ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﻱ ) ﻋﻼﻤﺔ ( ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺼﺩﻗﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪.‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﻱ ﺘﺸﻭﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺨﻠﻘﺘﻪ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺘﺭﻙ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨٠‬‬
‫ﺴﻭ‪‬ﻁﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻀﺭ ﻴﺘﺭﺍﺅﻭﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻭﻁﻲ ﻜﺎﻝﻘﻨﺩﻴل ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﱠﻕ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺒﻁ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝ ﹶﺜ ‪‬ﻨﻴ‪‬ﺔ)‪ ،(١‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﺌﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﺄﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻙ ﻋﻨﱢﻲ ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﺃﺘﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﺒﻲ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺸﻴﺨ ﹰﺎ ﻜﺒﻴﺭﹰﺍ ـ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻝﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻤﻨﻙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻝ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻲ؟ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻭﺘﺎﺒﻌﺕ ﺩﻴﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﺕ ﻤﻨﱢﻲ ﻭﻝﺴ ﹸ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺴ ﹶ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﺃﺒﻲ‪ :‬ﺩﻴﻨﻲ ﺩﻴﻨﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻏﺘﺴل ﻭﻁﻬ‪‬ﺭ ﺜﻴﺎﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻓﻌﺭﻀﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‬
‫ﺕ ﻤﻨﱢﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻤﻨﻙ ﻭﻝﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺜﻡ ﺃﺘﺘﻨﻲ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﺘﻲ ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻝﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻋﻨﻲ ﻓﻠﺴ ﹸ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪ِ :‬ﻝ ‪‬ﻡ ﺒﺄﺒﻲ ﺃﻨﺕ ﻭﺃُﻤﻲ؟ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﺭ‪‬ﻕ ﺒﻴﻨﻲ ﻭﺒﻴﻨﻙ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻤﺕﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﻭﺕ‬
‫ﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺴ ﹰﺎ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻓﺄﺒﻁﺌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﺅﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻝ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺱ ﻭﺇﺴﻼﻤﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﺩﻭﻤﻬﻡ ﻤﻊ ﻁﻔﻴل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺠﺌﺕ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﱠﻪ ﻗﺩ ﻏﻠﺒﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺱ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﺩﻉ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻬﻢ ﺍﻫ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺳﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﻓﺎﺩﻋﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﻓﻖ ‪‬ﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺭﺠﻌﺕ ﻓﻠﻡ ﺃﺯل ﺒﺄﺭﺽ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺱ ﺃﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻫﺎﺠﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻗﻀﻰ ﺒﺩﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺃُﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻨﺩﻕ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺩﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻤﻥ ﺃﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻌﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﺨﻴﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﺴﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﺘ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻤﻊ ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻴﺴﻴﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(١‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﻭﺭﻱ ﻷﻨﻪ ﻨﺯل ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨١‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹِﺼﺎﺒﺔ ‪ :‬ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺎﺌﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺦ ﺒﻼ ﺇﺴﻨﺎﺩ؛ ﻭﺭﻭﻯ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺼﺔ‬
‫ﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﺯﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﺒﻥ ﹶﻜﻴ‪‬ﺴﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻁ ‪‬ﻭ ﹰﻻ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺠﻪ ﺁﺨﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﺨﺒﺭﹰﺍ ﻁﻭﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩ ﺁﺨﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺒ ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺼﺎﻝﺢ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﹸﻔﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺫﻜﺭ ﻗﺼ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﻭﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﻷﺒﻴﻪ ﻭﺯﻭﺠﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﻗﺩﻭﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻜﺔ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺩ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﺒﻌﺩﻩ‪ :‬ﺒﻌﺜﻪ ﻝﺘﺤﺭﻴﻕ ﺼﻨﻡ »ﺫﻱ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﱠﻴﻥ« ﺜﻡ ﺨﺭﻭﺠﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻝﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺅﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺸﻬﻴﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﻝﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹِﺼﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺃﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺝ ﺍﻷﺼﺒﻬﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﺒﻲ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺩﻡ ﻤﻜﺔ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻝﻪ ﻨﺎﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺨﺘﺒﺭ ﺤﺎﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺘﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻨﺸﺩﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻌﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻼ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﻹِﺨﻼﺹ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻌﻭ‪‬ﺫﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺴﻭ‪‬ﻁﻪ ﻭﻨﹸﻭﺭﹺﻩ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎ ﺃﺒﻭﻴﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﺒﻭﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﻗﺼﺔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﺘﺴﻠﻡ ﺃﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﺎ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﺄﺠﺎﺒﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺤﺩﻩ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺤﺼ‪‬ﻥ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹶﻌﺔ؟ ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﺭﺽ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻫل ﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻝﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﺃﺤ ‪‬ﺏ ﻫﺫﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻠﻚ ﻛﺜﲑﹰﺍ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﻨﺩﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺤﻤﻤﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻭﻑ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺴﻲ ﻴﻘﻭل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﺨﻠﻕ ﺨﺎﻝﻘ ﹰﺎ ﻝﻜﻨﻲ ﻻ ﺃﺩﺭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻫﻭ؟ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﻊ ﺒﺨﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ ﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨٢‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺃﺒﻭ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﻨﺩﺏ ﻴﻘﺩ‪‬ﻤﻬﻡ‬

‫ﻭﺴﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ـ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﻨﺴﺘﻔﻴﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻫـﻰ ‪ :‬ﺘﺄﻴﻴـﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻨﺼـﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺩﻋـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪−٤‬ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻔﺎﻇﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ‪ :‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﺠﻌل ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘـﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺤﻔﺎﻅﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻜﻠﻨﺎ ﺨﺎﺌﻔﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻷﻨﻪ ‪‬ﻴﻔﺴﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺘﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ﻫﻭ ﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻝﻤـﺎﺫﺍ ؟ ﻷﻥ‬
‫ﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻔل ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﺒﻠﻨـﺎ ﺍﻝﺸـﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺴﻼﺡ ﻤﺜل ﺴﻼﺤﻪ ﻴﻘل ﺴﻼﺤﻪ ﻭﻨﻨﺘﺼﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘﻭل ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻟ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺴﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺸـﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﻟ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻠﻄﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ﺃﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺎﷲ ﺒﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﻓﻀل ﺍﻝﻐﺩﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻭﺤﺔ ﺼـ ‪. ٤٦١‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٢‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨٣‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹺﻡ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺸ‪‬ﺎﺀ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ‬

‫ﺴﹶ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻋ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﺭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺬﹸﻭ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﻭ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﻴﻄﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ﻓﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﻘ‪‬ﻴ ﹴﻢ )‪ .(١‬ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻁ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﺴﻌ‪‬ﲑِ ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻋ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﻜﹸﻮﻧ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺭﻏﻡ ﺃﻨﻔﻪ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺤﻤﻴﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺃﻤﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻰ ‪ :‬ﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ ‪ " :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪ :‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ‪‬ﺭﻀ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺃﺩﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺿﺮﺍﻁ ﺣﱴ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺫﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﻀﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺛﻮﺏ ﻟﻠﺼﻼﺓ ﺃﺩﺑﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻮﻳﺐ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﳜﻄﺮ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺮﺀ ﻭﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﺬﺍ ﳌﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫ﻝﻤﺎﺫﺍ ؟ ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻈﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﺭﻱ ﻛﻢ ﺻﻠﻰ" ﻤﺘﻔﻕ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻴ ‪‬ﻪ)‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ :‬وﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ رَﺿِﻲَ اﻟﻠﻪُ ﻋَﻨﻪُ أن رَﺳُﻮل اﻟﻠﻪِ ﻗﺎل‪ " :‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺣﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺭﺏ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﻨﺱ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٥‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﻁﺭ– ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٦‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻵﺫﺍﻥ ﺼـ ‪.٣٩٧‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨٤‬‬
‫ﺁﺕ ﳏﻤﺪﹰﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﹰﺎ ﳏﻤﻮﺩﹰﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﻋﺪﺗﻪ‪،‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ ﺷﻔﺎﻋﱵ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫" ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﺃﻗﺒل‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺜﻭﺏ ) ﺍﻹﻗﺎﻤﺔ ( ﺃﺩﺒﺭ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺜﻭﻴﺏ ﺃﻗﺒل‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺨﻁﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺀ ﻭﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﻴﻘﻭل ﺃﺫﻜﺭ ﻜﺫﺍ – ﺃﺫﻜﺭ ﻜﺫﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻴﺩﺭﻯ ﻜﻡ ﺼﻠﻰ‬
‫؟ ﻓﺎﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺨﺎﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻴﺨﺎﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻨﺤﻤﻰ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ﻨﻜﻭﻥ ﺩﻋﺎﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪_٥‬ﺍﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﱳ‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗـﺎل‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺩﺭﻭﺍ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﻛﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﻈﻠﻢ‪ :‬ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺎ ﻭﳝﺴﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﳝﺴـﻲ‬
‫ﺒـﺎﻝﻔﺘﻥ‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺎ ﻭﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻛﺎﻓﺮﺍ؛ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ! ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﻠﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺼﺒﺢ ﻜﺎﻓﺭﺍ) ﻤﺎ ﻋﻼﻤﺔ ﺫﻝﻙ ؟ ( ﻴﺒﻴﻊ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ ﺒﻌﺭﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫـﺎﻥ ﺍﻝـﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﺹ ‪.٣٩٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻴﻕ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺤﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﻝﺨﻴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﺩ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﺘﺭﺩﺩ ﺼـ‪. ٨٦‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٨٥‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺒﻴﻊ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺃﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﺒﺄﻭﺍﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻭﻋﻭﺍﻁﻔﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻴﺎﺫ ﺒﺎﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺤﻤﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻴﻨﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ؟‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴـﺫﻜﺭ ﻝﻨـﺎ ﻗﺼـﺔ ﺃﺤـﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﺘﺫﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﺒﻌﺫﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺼـﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻋﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺕ ﺘﻤﺸﻰ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﻭﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺠـﻭﺍﺭ ﺒـﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻭﺒﻼﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﻭﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺴﺎﻓﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺨﺸﻰ ﻝﻭ ﻤﺸﻴﺕ ﻤﻌـﻙ ﺃﻗـﻊ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﻥ ﻝﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺘﻔﺘﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﺠﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﻴ ﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺒﻅـﻭﺍﻫﺭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺠﻠﺱ ﻻ ﺒﺄﺱ‪ ،‬ﻝﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺭ ﻭﺃﺨﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻘـﺭﺁﻥ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﹾﺋﺬﹶﻥ ﻟﱢﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘﻨ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻻ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻔ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻘﻄﹸﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺤ‪‬ﻴﻄﹶـ ﹲﺔ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫{‬ ‫ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟﻜﹶﺎ‪‬ﻓﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻨﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻴﻁ ﺒﺎﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻴﻐﺭﻕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺩ ﻝﻠﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺭﻙ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜﺎل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺔ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﻭﺘﺨﻠﻔﻪ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺌﺩ ﻜﻌﺏ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺤﺩﺙ ﺤﺩﻴﺜﻪ ﺤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺒﻨﻴﻪ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻋﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪ :‬ﻝﻡ ﺃﺘﺨﻠﻑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﺨﻠﻑ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٤٩‬‬

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‫ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﻏﺯﺍﻫﺎ ﻗﻁ ﺇﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺃﻨﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺘﺨﻠﻔﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺒﺩﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﹾﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﺨﺭﺝ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻴﺭﻴﺩﻭﻥ ﻋﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻌﺎﺘﺏ ﺃﺤﺩﺍ ﺘﺨﻠﻑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻴﻌﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻘﺩ ﺸﻬﺩﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻋﺩﻭﻫﻡ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻝﻲ ﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻊ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﺒﺔ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺘﻭﺍﺜﻘﻨﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﺸﻬﺩ ﺒﺩﺭ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺒﺩﺭ ﺃﺫﻜﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺨﺒﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺘﺨﻠﻔﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﺃﻨﻲ ﻝﻡ ﺃﻜﻥ ﻗﻁ ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻴﺴﺭ ﻤﻨﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭﺓ؛ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺠﻤﻌﺕ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﺤﻠﺘﻴﻥ ﻗﻁ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﻤﻌﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺘﺨﻠﻔﺕ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺭﻯ ﺒﻐﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﻠﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻐﺯﺍﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺭ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻘﺒل ﺴﻔﺭﺍ ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺍ ﻭﻤﻔﺎﺯﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻘﺒل ﻋﺩﺩﺍ ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻠﻰ ﻝﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺃﻤﺭﻫﻡ ﻝﻴﺘﺄﻫﺒﻭﺍ ﺃﻫﺒﺔ ﻏﺯﻭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺒﻭﺠﻬﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻤﻊ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻴﺠﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺤﺎﻓﻅ‬
‫)ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻭﺍﻥ( ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻘل ﺭﺠل ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﻐﻴﺏ ﺇﻻ ﻅﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻴﺨﻔﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻨﺯل ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺤﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﺯﺍ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭﺓ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻁﺎﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻅﻼل ﻓﺄﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺼﻌﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺠﻬﺯ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻭﻁﻔﻘﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺃﻏﺩﻭ ﻝﻜﻲ ﺃﺘﺠﻬﺯ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻓﺄﺭﺠﻊ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺃﻗﺽ ﺸﻴﺌﺎ ﻭﺃﻗﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺯل ﻴﺘﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻝﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺼﺒﺢ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‬
‫ﻏﺎﺩﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﻤﻌﻪ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺃﻗﺽ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺠﻬﺎﺯﻱ ﺸﻴﺌﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻏﺩﻭﺕ ﻓﺭﺠﻌﺕ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺃﻗﺽ‬
‫ﺸﻴﺌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺯل ﻴﺘﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺴﺭﻋﻭﺍ ﻭﺘﻔﺎﺭﻁ ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭ ﻓﻬﻤﻤﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺘﺤل‬
‫ﻓﺄﺩﺭﻜﻬﻡ ﻓﻴﺎ ﻝﻴﺘﻨﻲ ﻓﻌﻠﺕ! ﺜﻡ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻘﺩﺭ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻁﻔﻘﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺒﻌﺩ‬
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‫ﺨﺭﻭﺝ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺤﺯﻨﻨﻲ ﺃﻨﻲ ﻻ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻝﻲ ﺃﺴﻭﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺭﺠﻼ ﻤﻐﻤﻭﺼﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺭﺠﻼ ﻤﻤﻥ ﻋﺫﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻀﻌﻔﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ؟‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﺒﻠﻎ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ؛ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻭﻫﻭ ﺠﺎﻝﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺘﺒﻭﻙ‪ ":‬ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ‬
‫" ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺠل ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﻠﻤﺔ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺤﺒﺴﻪ ﺒﺭﺩﺍﻩ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻁﻔﻴﻪ! ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻝﻪ ﻤﻌﺎﺫ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺒل‪ :‬ﺒﺌﺱ ﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺕ! ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺨﻴﺭﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺭﺠﻼ ﻤﺒﻴﻀﺎ ﻴﺯﻭل ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﺏ‬
‫ﻓﺴﻜﺕ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﻫﻭ ‪‬‬
‫" ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺨﻴﺜﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ":‬ﻛﻦ ﺃﺑﺎ ﺧﻴﺜﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﺼﺩﻕ ﺒﺼﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺭ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻝﻤﺯﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺒﻠﻐﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺠﻪ ﻗﺎﻓﻼ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﺤﻀﺭﻨﻲ ﺒﺜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻁﻔﻘﺕ ﺃﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﺫﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﻭل ﺒﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﻜل ﺫﻱ ﺭﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻫﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻴل ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺴﺨﻁﻪ ﻏﺩﺍ؟ ﻭﺃﺴﺘﻌﻴﻥ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻅل ﻗﺎﺩﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺡ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺎﻁل ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺃﻨﻲ ﻝﻡ ﺃﻨﺞ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻪ ﺒﺸﻲﺀ‬
‫ﺃﺒﺩﺍ ﻓﺄﺠﻤﻌﺕ ﺼﺩﻗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺼﺒﺢ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﺎﺩﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﺩﻡ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺴﻔﺭ ﺒﺩﺃ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻓﺭﻜﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺠﻠﺱ ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﻌل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺠﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻠﻔﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺘﺫﺭﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﻴﺤﻠﻔﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺒﻀﻌﺎ ﻭﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﻥ ﺭﺠﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺒل ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻬﻡ ﻋﻼﻨﻴﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺒﺎﻴﻌﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻐﻔﺭ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻭﻭﻜل ﺴﺭﺍﺌﺭﻫﻡ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﺌﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺴﻠﻤﺕ‬
‫ﺘﺒﺴﻡ ﺘﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻀﺏ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎل ﻓﺠﺌﺕ ﺃﻤﺸﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﻠﺴﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻴﺩﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻲ‪" :‬‬
‫" ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ! ﺇﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻔﻚ؟ ﺃﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺖ ﻇﻬﺮﻙ؟‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻝﻭ ﺠﻠﺴﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻏﻴﺭﻙ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﻝﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﺃﻨﻲ ﺴﺄﺨﺭﺝ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺴﺨﻁﻪ ﺒﻌﺫﺭ‪،‬‬
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‫ﻝﻘﺩ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﺕ ﺠﺩﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻝﻘﺩ ﻋﻠﻤﺕ ﻝﺌﻥ ﺤﺩﺜﺘﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻜﺫﺏ ﺘﺭﻀﻰ ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻲ ﻝﻴﻭﺸﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ]ﺃﻥ[ ﻴﺴﺨﻁﻙ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺤﺩﺜﺘﻙ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺼﺩﻕ ﺘﺠﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺠلﱠ؛ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﺫﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻗﻁ‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ ﻭ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺇﻨﻲ ﻷﺭﺠﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻘﺒﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻴﺴﺭ ﻤﻨﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺘﺨﻠﻔﺕ ﻋﻨﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻘﺎل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ":‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺻﺪﻕ ﻓﻘﻢ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫" ﻭﺜﺎﺭ ﺭﺠﺎل ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﺎﺘﺒﻌﻭﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﻝﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﻝﱠﻠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺫﻨﺒﺕ ﺫﻨﺒﺎ ﻗﺒل‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ! ﻝﻘﺩ ﻋﺠﺯﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﺫﺭﺕ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺫﺭ ﺒﻪ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻠﻔﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﺎﻓﻴﻙ ﺫﻨﺒﻙ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻔﺎﺭ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ! ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻝﻭﺍ ﻴﺅﻨﺒﻭﻨﻨﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺠﻊ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﺄﻜﺫﺏ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﻠﺕ‬
‫ﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻫل ﻝﻘﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﻌﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﺤﺩ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ ﻝﻘﻴﻪ ﻤﻌﻙ ﺭﺠﻼﻥ ﻗﺎﻻ ﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺕ ﻭﻗﻴل‬
‫ﻝﻬﻤﺎ ﻤﺜل ﻤﺎ ﻗﻴل ﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﻠﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻫﻤﺎ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺭﻱ ﻭﻫﻼل‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﻔﻲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﻓﺫﻜﺭﻭﺍ ﻝﻲ ﺭﺠﻠﻴﻥ ﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ ﻗﺩ ﺸﻬﺩﺍ ﺒﺩﺭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺴﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﻓﻤﻀﻴﺕ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺫﻜﺭﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﻝﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﻜﻼﻤﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺒﻴﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺘﺨﻠﻑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﻬﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﺠﺘﻨﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎل ﺘﻐﻴﺭﻭﺍ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﻨﻜﺭﺕ ﻝﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻤﺎ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﺎﻱ ﻓﺎﺴﺘﻜﺎﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺃﻋﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺒﺜﻨﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻌﺩﺍﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻴﺒﻜﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻓﻜﻨﺕ ﺃﺸﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻭﺃﺠﻠﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﻜﻨﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﻓﺄﺸﻬﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺃﻁﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻜﻠﻤﻨﻲ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺁﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
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‫‪٨٩‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﻠﺴﻪ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﺄﻗﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻫل ﺤﺭﻙ ﺸﻔﺘﻴﻪ ﺒﺭﺩ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﺃﻡ ﻻ؟‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺼﻼﺘﻲ ﻨﻅﺭ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺕ‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺃﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻪ ﻭﺃﺴﺎﺭﻗﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻗﺒﻠﺕ ‪‬‬
‫ﻨﺤﻭﻩ ﺃﻋﺭﺽ ﻋﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻁﺎل ﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺠﻔﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﺸﻴﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺴﻭﺭﺕ ﺠﺩﺍﺭ ﺤﺎﺌﻁ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻗﺘﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﻲ ﻭﺃﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺎ ﻗﺘﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻨﺸﺩﻙ ﺒﺎﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻫل ﺘﻌﻠﻤﻨﻲ ﺃﺤﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ؟ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺩﺕ ﻓﻨﺎﺸﺩﺘﻪ ﻓﺴﻜﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺩﺕ ﻓﻨﺎﺸﺩﺘﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﺎﻀﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﻱ ﻭﺘﻭﻝﻴﺕ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺴﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻨﺒﻁﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻨﺒﻁ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻤﻤﻥ ﻗﺩﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻴﺒﻴﻌﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ؟ ﻓﻁﻔﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻴﺸﻴﺭﻭﻥ ﻝﻪ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﺎﺀﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻤﻥ ﻴﺩل ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺩﻓﻊ ﺇﻝﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺎ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻤﻠﻙ ﻏﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﻨﺕ ﻜﺎﺘﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺭﺃﺘﻪ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﻙ ﻗﺩ ﺠﻔﺎﻙ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺠﻌﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺒﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﻭﺍﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻤﻀﻴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﺤﻕ ﺒﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻨﻭﺍﺴﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻗﺭﺃﺘﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺃﻴﻀﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺀ! ﻓﺘﻴﻤﻤﺕ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻨﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻓﺴﺠﺭﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻤﻀﺕ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻭﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﻠﺒﺙ ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺄﺘﻴﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺄﻤﺭﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻌﺘﺯل ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺘﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻁﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺃﻡ ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺃﻓﻌل؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻻ ﺒل ﺍﻋﺘﺯﻝﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺘﻘﺭﺒﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺴل ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺼﺎﺤﺒﻲ ﺒﻤﺜل‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻻﻤﺭﺃﺘﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺤﻘﻲ ﺒﺄﻫﻠﻙ ﻓﻜﻭﻨﻲ ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻘﻀﻲ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻫﻼل ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺕ ﻝﻪ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻫﻼل ﺒﻥ‬
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‫ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ﺸﻴﺦ ﻀﺎﺌﻊ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻝﻪ ﺨﺎﺩﻡ ﻓﻬل ﺘﻜﺭﻩ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺨﺩﻤﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻻ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮﺑﻨﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻪ ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺸﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺯﺍل ﻴﺒﻜﻲ ﻤﻨﺫ ﻜﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻤﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﻴﻭﻤﻪ ﻫﺫﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻲ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ‪ :‬ﻝﻭ ﺍﺴﺘﺄﺫﻨﺕ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺘﻙ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺃﺫﻥ ﻻﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻫﻼل ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺨﺩﻤﻪ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺕ ﻻ ﺃﺴﺘﺄﺫﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻴﺩﺭﻴﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻴﻘﻭل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺴﺘﺄﺫﻨﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﺭﺠل ﺸﺎﺏ؟‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﻜﻼﻤﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻠﺒﺜﺕ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻝﻴﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻤل ﻝﻨﺎ ﺨﻤﺴﻭﻥ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺤﻴﻥ ﻨﻬﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻅﻬﺭ ﺒﻴﺕ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﻴﺕ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ ﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻭﻀﺎﻗﺕ‬

‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺎل ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺩ ﻀﺎﻗﺕ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﺎ ﺠﺎﻝﺱ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺴﻠﻊ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺒﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺭﺤﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﺼﻭﺕ ﺼﺎﺭﺥ ﺃﻭﻓﻰ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻭﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺃﺒﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺭﺭﺕ ﺴﺎﺠﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻓﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺂﺫﻥ‬
‫ﺠ ﱠل ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺫﻫﺏ‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺒﺘﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻴﺒﺸﺭﻭﻨﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺫﻫﺏ ﻗﺒل ﺼﺎﺤﺒﻲ ﻤﺒﺸﺭﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺭﻜﺽ ﺭﺠل ﺇﻝﻲ ﻓﺭﺴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻝﺠﺒل ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ ﺃﺴﺭﻉ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﻌﻰ ﺴﺎﻉ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﺴﻠﻡ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻭﺃﻭﻓﻰ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺴﻤﻌﺕ ﺼﻭﺘﻪ ﻴﺒﺸﺭﻨﻲ ﻨﺯﻋﺕ ﻝﻪ ﺜﻭﺒﻲ ﻓﻜﺴﻭﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﻴﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺒﺒﺸﺎﺭﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﻠﻙ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ ﻴﻭﻤﺌﺫ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻌﺭﺕ ﺜﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﻓﻠﺒﺴﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﻨﻁﻠﻘﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺘﺄﻤﻡ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﺘﻠﻘﺎﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻭﺠﺎ ﻓﻭﺠﺎ ﻴﻬﻨﺌﻭﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ ﻝﻲ‬
‫ﻝﺘﻬﻨﻙ ﺘﻭﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺠﺎﻝﺱ ﺤﻭﻝﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ﻴﻬﺭﻭل ﺤﺘﻰ ﺼﺎﻓﺤﻨﻲ ﻭﻫﻨﺄﻨﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﻁﻠﺤﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩١‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺭﺠل ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺎﺠﺭﻴﻥ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﻻ ﻴﻨﺴﺎﻫﺎ ﻝﻁﻠﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺴﻠﻤﺕ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗﺎل ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺒﺭﻕ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻭﺭ‪ " :‬ﺃﺑﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻣﻚ!" ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺃ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﺩﻙ ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﲞﲑ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻭﻟﺪﺗﻚ‬
‫ﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‬ ‫‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ ":‬ﻻ ﺑﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹼَﻞ "‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺴﺭ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺄﻥ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻗﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﻨﺎ ﻨﻌﺭﻑ ﺫﻝﻙ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺠﻠﺴﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻴﺩﻴﻪ ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺘﻭﺒﺘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻨﺨﻠﻊ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻤﺎﻝﻲ‬
‫ﺼﺩﻗﺔ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻭِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺴﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﻓﻬﻭ‬
‫ﺨﻴﺭ ﻝﻙ ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻲ ﺃﻤﺴﻙ ﺴﻬﻤﻲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﺨﻴﺒﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺠﺎﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺇﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺘﻭﺒﺘﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺃﺤﺩﺙ ﺇﻻ ﺼﺩﻗﺎ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻘﻴﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ! ﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺕ ﺃﺤﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﺃﺒﻼﻩ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺼﺩﻕ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻤﻨﺫ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ ﻝ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺃﺒﻼﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻌﻤﺩﺕ ﻜﺫﺒﺔ ﻤﻨﺫ ﻗﻠﺕ‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ ﻝ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺇﻝﹶﻰ ﻴﻭﻤﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻭ ﺇﻨﻲ ﻷﺭﺠﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺤﻔﻅﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﷲ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺟﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫}ﹶﻟﻘﹶﺪ ﺗ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺓ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻳﺰﹺﻳ ﹸﻎ ﹸﻗﻠﹸﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻷَﻧﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺭ ﺍﱠﻟ ‪‬ﺬﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻩ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﹶﺛ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺭﺣ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ * ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺑ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺭﺅ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﺮﹺﻳ ﹴﻖ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺛﹸ ‪‬ﻢ ﺗ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺧﱢﻠﻔﹸﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٢‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﺘ‪‬ﻮﺑ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ‬

‫ﺠﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇﻻﱠ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﺗ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﺃﹶﻥ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﹶﻧ ﹸﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺣ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ * ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﻛﹸﻮﻧ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪ :‬ﻭ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﻌﻡ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻗﻁ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺇﺫ ﻫﺩﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬
‫{‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻝﻺﺴﻼﻡ ﺃﻋﻅﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻲ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺼﺩﻗﻲ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﻜﺫﺒﺘﻪ ﻓﺄﻫﻠﻙ ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻜﺫﺒﻭﺍ؛ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻠﺫﻴﻥ ﻜﺫﺒﻭﺍ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺃﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻲ ﺸﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﻠﻔﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺﺎﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺍﻧ ﹶﻘﹶﻠ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﺮﺿ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ‬
‫} ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻷﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﺄﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺟﺰ‪‬ﺍﺀ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ‬
‫‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﺮﺿ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻻ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﺈﹺﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﻠﻔﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺒ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ * ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ ِ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻤﺭ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻜﻌﺏ‪ :‬ﻜﻨﺎ ﺨﻠﻔﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ ‪‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫{‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺿ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻡ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻭﻝﺌﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻗﺒل ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻬﻡ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺤﻠﻔﻭﺍ ﻝﻪ ﻓﺒﺎﻴﻌﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻐﻔﺭ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺠﺄ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻤﺭﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻠﱠﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ } :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﹶﺛ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺧﱢﻠﻔﹸﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ﹺﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﺘ‪‬ﻮﺑ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ‬
‫ﺠﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ‪ ‬ﹺﺇ ﱠﻻ ﹺﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﺗ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﺃﹶﻥ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺃﹶﻧ ﹸﻔ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪.١١٩ : ١١٧‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺘﺎﻥ ‪.٩٦ ،٩٥‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٣‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻝﻐﺯﻭ‪،‬‬
‫{)‪ (١‬ﻭﻝﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺫﻜﺭ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺨﻠﻔﻨﺎ ﺘﺨﻠﻔﻨﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺣ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺘﺨﻠﻴﻔﻪ ﺇﻴﺎﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺭﺠﺎﺅﻩ ﻋﻤﻥ ﺤﻠﻑ ﻝﻪ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺫﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺒل ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾﻪ‪ .‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹼﻔﻕﹲ‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﺘﺒﻭﻙ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﻴﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺤﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﺨﺭﺝ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﻴﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻘﺩﻡ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺴﻔﺭ ﺇﻻ ﻨﻬﺎﺭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻀﺤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﺩﻡ ﺒﺩﺃ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺠﻠﺱ ﻓﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻝﻭ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺘﻜﺎﺴل ﻋﻥ ﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺘﻜﺎﺴل ﻋﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺘﻜﺎﺴل ﻋـﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋـﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺘﻜﺎﺴـل ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﻭﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺸﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‪−٦‬ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻇﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﷲ‪ :‬‬

‫ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﺤﻔﻅ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﺸﺨﺼﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘـﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـ ﹾﺬﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹼـﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫ﻓﹶﻠﹶﻤﹼﺎ ‪‬ﻧﺴ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﺫ ﹼﻛﺮ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹶﳒ‪‬ﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١١٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺒﺔ ﺼـ ‪.٥٠‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٤‬‬
‫ﻥ )‪.(١‬ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻅﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻓﺭﻗﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺴﻘﹸﻮ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺑﺌ‪‬ﻴ ﹴ‬
‫ﹶﻇﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺬﹶﺍ ﹴ‬
‫ﻤﻁﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﻓﺭﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺭﻫﺎ ﻅﺎﻝﻤﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﻝﻡ ﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﻔـﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺒﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﻅﺎﻝﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﺨﺫﻫﻡ ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺢ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﺤﺩ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﻠﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻭﺍ ﺃﺨﻭﺍﻨﻬﻡ ﺒﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪،‬ﻭﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻓ ﹸﻘ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺕ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭﹶﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪.(٢‬‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻛﹸﻮﻧ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻗ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﹰﺓ ﺧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻡ ﺃﻫل ﺇﻴﻠﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻗﺭﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺭ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻤﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻁﻭﺭ ﻭﻗﻴل ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺒﺘﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺤﺭﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻤـل ﻓـﻰ ﻴـﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺕ ﻓﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺕ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺭﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﺨﻔﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﻼل ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﻴﺩ ﻓﻴﻨﺯل ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻓﺫﻝﻙ ﻗﻭل‬
‫ﺤ ﹺﺮ ﹺﺇ ﹾﺫ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﺪ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬

‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺓ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺳﹶﺄﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﱠﻟ‪‬ﺘﻲ ﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﹺﺒﺘ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻻ‬
‫ﺖ ﹺﺇ ﹾﺫ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄﺗ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺣ‪‬ﻴﺘ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺷﺮ‪‬ﻋﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬ ‫‬ ‫ﺴﻘﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒﻠﹸﻮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄﺗ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٦٥‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٦٥‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٦٣‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٥‬‬
‫ﻭﻅﻠﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺃﺨﺫﻭﺍ ﻴﺘﺤﺎﻴﻠﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻘﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﺍﻝﺤﻭﺕ ﻭﺨﺯﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻨﻔﻪ ﻭﺭﺒﻁﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺘﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻁﺊ ﻭﺃﺨـﺫﻩ ﻴـﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﺩ ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﻴﺸﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﻙ ﻓﻴﺸﻡ ﺠﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﺍﺌﺤﺘﻪ ﻓﻴﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﻓﻴﺨﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ ﻓﻴﻌﻤل ﻤﺜﻠـﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﺠﻌل ﻴﺤﻔﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺭﺓ ﻭﻴﺠﺭﻯ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻨﻬﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﺭ ﻓﻴﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺭ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺒﺕ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍﺝ ﺒﺎﻝﺤﻴﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺘﻠﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺭﺓ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺩﺓ ﻻ ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ ﺍﻨﺘﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ ﻭﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ ﻋﻼﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻤﺕ ﻤـﻨﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺘﻌﻅﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﻨﻬﺎﻫﻡ ﻋﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻔﻌل ﻭﺘﺒﻴﻥ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﺤﺘﻴﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻤﺭ ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺖ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﺔ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ ﹾﺫ ﻗﹶﺎﹶﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻻ ﻴﻐﻔل ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ ﻗﺎﻝﺕ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺪﺍ ‬
‫ﺷ‪‬ـﺪ ً‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﻈﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻗﻮ‪‬ﻣﹰﺎ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻠ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﱢﺬ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋ‪‬ـﺬﹶﺍﺑﹰﺎ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝﺕ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻋﻅﺔ ﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻘﹸـﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﺨﺫ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺭﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﻬﻰ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻜﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻌﻠﻬـﻡ ﻴﺭﺠﻌـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﱠـﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫ﻭﻴﺘﻭﺒﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧﺴ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﺫ ﱢﻛﺮ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﻛﹶـﺎﻧ‪‬ﻮﺍ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺑﺌ‪‬ﻴ ﹴ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻮ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﺬﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻇﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺬﹶﺍ ﹴ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٦٤‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٦‬‬
‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺴﻘﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ * ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻛﹸﻮﻧ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻗ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﹰﺓ ﺧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫‬
‫ﻓﻤﺴﺨﻬﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺭﺩﺓ ﺒﻤﻌﺼﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻨﺠﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﻫﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻅـﺎﻝﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺴـﻜﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻜﺘﻴﻥ ﻭﻗﻴل ﺃﻨﻪ ﺃﻫﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻜﺘﻴﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻝﻜﻴﻥ ﻭﻗﻴل ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻬﻠﻜﻭﺍ )‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﻥ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﻫﻭ ﺸﺨﺼﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ‪.‬‬
‫‪−٧‬ﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‪ :‬‬

‫) ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻝﻡ – ﺍﻝﺩﻭﻝﺔ – ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ – ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻴﺔ – ﺍﻝﺤﻲ ( ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﻌـﺫﺍﺏ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗـﺎﻡ ﻓﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﻯ ﹺﺑ ﹸﻈﻠﹾـ ﹴﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻫﹸﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬

‫ﻚ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﹸـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺑ‪ ‬‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﻠﺤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻅﻠﻡ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺴﺘﻜﻤل‪ ،‬ﻝﻜﻥ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺓ ﻭﺴﻁ ﺍﻝﻤﻅﺎﻝﻡ ﻭﺴﻁ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺠﺘﻬﺩﻭﻥ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺒﺒﺭﻜﺔ ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻗﻴﺎﻤﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﷲ ﺴـﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻴﺤﻔﻅ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﻬﻡ ﻋﺠﻴﺏ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻝﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺘﺤﺼل ﺯﻻﺯل‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻤﺠﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻭ ﺴﻴﻭل ﺃﻭ ﺍﻀﻁﺭﺍﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻜـﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻓـﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻴﺭﺴـﻠﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ ﻷﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺯﻻﺯل ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻴﺎﻀﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻤﻅﻬـﺭ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ ‪ -‬ﺍﻵﻴﺘﺎﻥ ‪.١٦٦ ،١٦٥‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭ ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﻭﺩ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١١٧‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٧‬‬
‫ﻏﻀﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﺭﻯ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺯ ﻭﺠل ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﻴﻥ ﻝﻠـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﻁﻔـﺊ‬

‫ﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻓﻴﺭﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺸﺊ ﻋﺠﻴﺏ ﺠﺩﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﺒـﺄﻥ ﻨﺤﻤـﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻼﺩﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺫﺍﺏ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪−٨‬ﺍﳊﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺟﺮ ﻭﺛﻮﺍﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﻩ‪ :‬‬

‫ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺘﺤﺼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺠﺭ ﻭﺜﻭﺍﺏ ﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺜﻭﺍﺏ ﻤـﻥ ﺩﻋـﺎﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻝﺜﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﺠﺭ ﻴﺼل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺴـﺒﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺩﺨـﻭل‬
‫ﻼ ﺍﻝـﺫﻴﻥ ﺠـﺎﺀﻭﺍ ﺇﻝـﻲ ﺃﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻵﻥ ) ‪ ( ١٤٠٠‬ﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﻤﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻤﺼﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺴﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻜﻡ ﻤﻼﻴﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺠﻭﺭ ﺘﻜﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺼـﺤﺎﺌﻔﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻭﻤﻴ ﹰﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻭﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫل ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻋﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﻭﻴﺔ ﻴﺘﺤﺼـل‬
‫ﻤﺜل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺠﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻭﺍﺏ ؟ ﻝﻭ ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺒﻘﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺃﻜﻠـﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺎ ﺸﺭﺒﻭﺍ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻨﺎﻤﻭﺍ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻭﺍ ﺃﻱ ﺸﻐل ﻤﻥ ﺃﺸﻐﺎل ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ﺒل ﻁﻭل ﺍﻝﻠﻴل ﺴـﺠﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﺭﻜﻌ ﹰﺎ ﺃﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺭ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﺘﻘﻔل ﺼﺤﺎﺌﻔﻬﻡ ﻭﺘﻨﺘﻬـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜـﻥ ﺒﺴـﺒﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺼﺤﺎﺌﻔﻬﻡ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺒﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴـﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٨‬‬
‫‪−٩‬ﻗﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ‪ :‬‬

‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﻘـﻭﻯ ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ)‪ ،(١‬ﻭﻫـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻨﻘﻁﺔ ﻨﺭﺠﻊ ﻝﻬﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻜﻴﻑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺴﺒﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﻭﻴـﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ ؟‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻓـﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻤﺎ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺭﺠـﺎل ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴـﺎﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﺼﻠﺢ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻗﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺎل ﺍﻝﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﻫـﻭ؟ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺻ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ﹴﺮ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﺃﹸﻧﺜﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫ﺴ ﹺﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺠ ﹺﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺮﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﹺﻴ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﹰﺓ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻓﹶﹶﻠ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ )‪.(٢‬ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﻨﺸﺩﻫﺎ ﺃﻱ ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻁﺭﻴﻘـﺔ ﺘﺤﺼـﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﻤل ﺼﺎﻝﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﻠﻰ ﻝﺘﺤﺼﻠﻪ ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﻪ ﻫـﻲ ﺍﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻴﻘـﻭﻯ ﺍﻹﻴﻤـﺎﻥ ﻭﺒﻭﺠـﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﻭﺘﻪ ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻭﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻻﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﺴﻭﻴ ﹰﺎ ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻤﻥ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﻠﺢ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻪ ؟ ﻜﻠﻨﺎ ﻴﺘﻤﻨـﻰ ﺇﺼـﻼﺤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜـﻥ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ‪ :‬ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﻻ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﺎﻝﻁﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‪ ،‬ﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻴﻭﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﻗﻴﺎﻤﻬﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺼﻔﺎﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺘﻪ ﻭﻋﻅﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﻜﺒﺭﻴﺎﺀﻩ ﻭﺇﺤﺴﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺒﺭﻩ ﻭﻜﺭﻤﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺤل – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪. ٩٧‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪٩٩‬‬
‫ﺤﹺﻴ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻝﻸﺴﻑ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺘﺠﻨﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻴﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﻴﻙ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒﺔ ﹶﻓﹶﻠ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ؟ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺩﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫‪‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﹰﺓ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺯﺍﺝ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻓﻨﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﻜل‪.‬‬
‫‪−١٠‬ﻋﺰﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ :‬‬

‫ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﺴـﺒﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻝﻌـﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴﻥ – ﺍﻷﻤـﺔ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻜﺎﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻴﻌﺯﻫﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻗـﺎل ‪ ":‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺒـﺎﻴﻌﺘﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻴﻨـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺫﺘﻡ ﺃﺫﻨﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭ ﻭﺭﻀﻴﺘﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺯﺭﻉ ﻭﺘﺭﻜﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﺴﻠﻁ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺫ ﹰﻻ ﻻ ﻴﻨﺯﻋﻪ ﻋﻨﻜﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺭﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺩﻴﻨﻜﻡ " ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ‪ ) .‬ﺇﻝﻰ ﺩﻴـﻨﻜﻡ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺠﻬﺎﺩﻜﻡ ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘـ ﹰﺎ ﻝﻘﻭﻝـﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻛﹶـﹺﺒﲑ‪‬ﺍ ‬ ‫ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻄ ﹺﻊ ﺍﹾﻟﻜﹶﺎ‪‬ﻓﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺪﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺟﻬ‪‬ـﺎﺩ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﺓ ﻻ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ ﻝﻸﻤﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺘﻔﺼﻴل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻌﺯ – ﺍﷲ ﻴﻔﺼﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺁﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹸﻮﹾﺍ ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ـﺎ‪‬ﻟﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﻥ ﻴﺒﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻏﻴﺭﻩ ﺒﺜﻤﻥ ﻤﺅﺠل ﻭﻴﺴﻠﻤﻪ ﻝﻠﻤﺸﺘﺭﻯ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻗﺒل ﻗﺒﺽ ﺍﻝﺜﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻗل ﻤﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﺭ ﻴﺩﻓﻌﻪ ﻨﻘﺩﹰﺍ ) ﺘﻭﺠﻴﻬﺎﺕ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ – ﺠﻤﻴل ﺯﻴﻨﻭ ( ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺎﻥ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٥٩‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻠ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻤﻜﹼـ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫ﺨﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﹶﻛﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﻠ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻷ ‪‬ﺭ ﹺ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪﹶﻟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻓ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﻨـﹰﺎ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺩ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻱ ﺍ ‪‬ﺭﺗ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ـ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﻓﹸﺄ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ َ‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮﻛﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺑﹺﻲ ‪‬ﺷﻴ‪‬ﺌﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﻨﹺﻲ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳﻘﹸﻮ ﹶ‬
‫ﻓﺎﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﻌﻁﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺜل ﺃﻨﻪ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻤﺔ ﺘﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﻌﻁﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﻥ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻁﺭﻴﻘـﺔ ﺫﻝـﻙ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ؟ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺨﻼل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ – ﻭﺒﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﺎل ﺍﻝﺼـﺎﻝﺤﺔ ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻﺒﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺒﺸﺭﻁ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﺭ– ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٥٥‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠١‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫<‪ # D,‬؟‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺅﻫﻼﺕ ﻤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺅﻫﻼﺕ ﻨﻔﺴﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻫﻼﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ؟ ﻫﻲ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺃﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺤﺯﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﺃﺸـﻔﻕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫ﻀ ﱡﻞ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺸ‪‬ـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫}ﹶﺃﹶﻓﻤ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﻮ ُﺀ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﺮ‪‬ﺁ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠ‪‬ـﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺴﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬﺪ‪‬ﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺸ‪‬ﺎﺀ ﹶﻓﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺬ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﺫﺭﺓ ﺍﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻡ ﻤﻤـﻥ ﻋـﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺫﺍﻩ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﻮ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹺﺑﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺭﻓﺽ ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻷﻫل ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻑ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝﺕ ﻋﺎﺌﺸﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻝﻠﻨﺒـﻲ ‪ :‬ﻫـل‬
‫ﺃﺘﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﺸﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ ؟ ﻓﻘـﺎل‪ ":‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣـﻚ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺷﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﻋﺮﺿﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﻳﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻛﻼﻝ ﱂ ﳚﺒﲏ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺃﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻘـﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻬﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺃﺳﺘﻔﻖ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ ﺑﻘـﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻌﺎﻟـﺐ‪،‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﻁﺭ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٨‬‬

‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٢‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﻓﻌﺖ ﺭﺃﺳﻲ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻇﻠﺘﲏ ﻓﻨﻈﺮﺕ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻨﺎﺩﺍﱐ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺪ ﲰﻊ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﻟـﻚ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺭﺩﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻓﺘﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺎﺩﺍﱐ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻓﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ ﰒ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺪ ﲰـﻊ ﻗـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻌﺜﲏ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻟﺘﺄﻣﺮﱐ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻃﺒﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺒﲔ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ :‬ﺑﻞ ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﳜﺮﺝ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻼ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺸﺮﻙ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ"‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻴﺨﺎﻥ)‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫( )‪.(٢‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻫﺪ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻓﺈ‪‬ﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻔﻭ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﻥ ﺼـ ‪.٢٨١‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﺸﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﺒﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺫﻯ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻝﻪ ﻤﻊ ﺤﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﻴل ﻝﻪ ﻝﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﺭﻤﺎﻩ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﺹ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ ﻓﻜﺴﺭ ﺭﺒﺎﻋﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﺭﺡ ﺸﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻭﺸﺞ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒـﻥ‬
‫ﺸﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﻱ ﻗﺒل ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﻭﺠﺭﺡ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻤﺌﺔ ﻭﺠﻨﺘﻪ ﻓﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﺤﻠﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻔﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﺩﻉ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ " :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬﻡ ﺍﻫﺩ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ ﻻ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻭﻥ " ﺍﻤﺘﺜﺎﻻ ﻝﻘﻭﻝﻪ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤـﺅﺫﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺴﻠﻴﺔ ﻝﻪ‪) :‬ﻓﺎﺼﺒﺭ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺼﺒﺭ ﺃﻭﻝﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺴل( ﺃﻱ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻤﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻤـﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻡ ﻨﻭﺡ ﻭﺇﺒﺭﺍﻫﻴﻡ ﻭﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﻭﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ) ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻁﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺜـﻭﺭ ‪/ ٢‬‬
‫‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٣‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺸﺮ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ؟ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﻷﻫل ﻤﻜﺔ ؟ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻤﻜـﺔ‪" :‬‬
‫؟ " ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻨﻘﻭل ﺨﻴﺭﺍ ﻭﻨﻅﻥ ﺨﻴﺭﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻨﺒﻲ ﻜﺭﻴﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺥ ﻜﺭﻴﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺃﺥ ﻜﺭﻴﻡ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻨﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻗﺩﺭﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ ":‬ﻓﺈﱐ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل )‬
‫ﺍﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬
‫(‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗﹾﺜ ‪‬ﺮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫" ﻓﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﻜﺄﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﺸﺭﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻭﺭ ﻓﺩﺨﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻘﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻑ ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﺼل ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﻥ ﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻝﻪ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ)‪.(٣‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﻜﻤﺎ ُﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹶ‬
‫‪ ٢٩٨‬ﻭﻋﺯﺍﻩ ﻻﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺸﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭ ﻭﺃﺒﻲ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺴﺎﻜﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻤﺠﺎﻫﺩ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﻴـﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﻴﺭ(‪ .‬ﺴﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ ‪. ٥٩٤/١‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٩٢‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ ‪.٣٦٤/٥‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﻴﻌﻘﻭﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻝ ﹶﻔﺴ‪‬ﻭﻱ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺴﺄﻝﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺃَﻨﺎ ﺃﺸﺘﻬﻲ ﺃَﻥ ﻴﺼﻑ ﻝﻲ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻝﻲ ﻫﻨﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺎﻝﺔ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺼ‪‬ﺎﻓ ﹰﺎ ـ ﻋﻥ ‪‬ﺤﻠﹾﻴﺔ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﺃَﺘﻌﻠﱠﻕ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﹶﻓﺨﹾﻤ ﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻔﺨﱠﻤﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻴﺘﻸ ُﻷ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﺘﻸﻝ َﺅ ﺍﻝﻘﻤﺭ ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﺃﻁﻭ َل‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺒﻭﻉ ﻭﺃَﻗﺼﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺫﱠﺏ ﻋﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﺭﺠ‪‬ل ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺭ‪ ،‬ﺇِﺫﺍ ﺘﻔﺭﻗﺕ ﻋﻘﻴﺼﺘﻪ ﹶﻓﺭ‪‬ﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇِﻻ ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﺝ ﺍﻝﺤﻭﺍﺠﺏ‪ ،‬ﺴﻭﺍﺒﻎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻴﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺸﻌﺭ‪‬ﻩ ﺸﺤﻤ ﹶﺔ ﺃﺫﻨﻴﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻓﱠﺭﻩ‪ .‬ﺃﺯﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﻠﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺴﻊ ﺍﻝﺠﺒﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﺃَﺯ ‪‬‬
‫ﺙ‬
‫ﻋﺭ‪‬ﻕ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺩﺭ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻝﻐﻀﺏ‪َ .‬ﺃﻗﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﻌ‪‬ﺭﻨﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻝﻪ ﻨﻭﺭ ﻴﻌﻠﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻴﺤﺴﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺄَﻤﻠﻪ ﺃَﺸ ‪‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﹶﻜ ﱠ‬
‫ﹶﻗﺭ‪‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺞ ﺍﻷَﺴﻨﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﺩﻗﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺴﺭﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻜﺄَﻥ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ ﺠﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﺤﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺃَﺩﻋﺞ‪ .‬ﺴﻬل ﺍﻝﺨﺩﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻀﻠﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻔﻡ‪ .‬ﺃَﺸﻨﺏ‪ ،‬ﻤ ﹶﻔﱠﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻭ‪‬ﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺒﻁﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﻋﺭﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﺒﻌﻴ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫ﺨﻠﹾﻕ‪ .‬ﺒﺎﺩﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻤﺘﻤﺎﺴﻜ ﹰﺎ‪ .‬‬
‫ﺩ‪‬ﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻔﻀﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﻌﺘﺩ َل ﺍﻝ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴﺭ‪‬ﺓ ﺒﺸﻌﺭ ﻴﺠﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻜﺒﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻀﺨﻡ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﺩﻴﺱ‪ .‬ﺃﻨﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺠﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻤﻭﺼﻭ َل ﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻝﺨﻁ‪ .‬ﻋﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻝﺜﺩ ‪‬ﻴﻴ‪‬ﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻁﻥ ﻤﻤﺎ ﺴﻭﻯ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﺃَﺸﻌ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻝﺫﺭﺍﻋﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻨﻜﺒﻴﻥ ﻭﺃَﻋﺎﻝﻲ ﺍﻝﺼﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﻁﻭﻴ َل‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪‬ﺼﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺼﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﺭ‪‬ﺍﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﺴﺒﻁ ﺍﻝﻘﺼﺏ‪ .‬ﺸﺜﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﱠﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺩﻤﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻷﻁﺭﺍﻑ‪ .‬ﹸ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺯﻨﺩﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﺭﺤ‪ ‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٤‬‬
‫‪ _٣‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻤﻴﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻜﻠﻪ ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺎل ﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ _٤‬ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻘﺎﺒل ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻪ ﺃﻱ ﻋﺭﺽ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﺭﺍﺽ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻋﺭﺽ ﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻱ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﻨﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪ :‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺂ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳﹶﺄﹸﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋ‪‬ﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﹴﺮ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺳ‪‬ﹶﺄﹾﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﹴﺮ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﲔ )‪ ،.(١‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟﻌ‪‬ﺎﹶﻟﻤ َ‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﹺﺇﻟﱠﺎ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﻲ ٍﺀ ‪‬ﺷﻬﹺﻴ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﻤﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻨﺒﻭ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺀ‪ .‬ﺇِﺫﺍ ﺯﺍل ﺯﺍل ﹶﻗﻠﹾﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻴﺨﻁﻭ ﺘﻜﻔﱡﺅﹰﺍ ﻭﻴﻤﺸﻲ ﻫﻭﻨ ﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﹶﺫﺭﹺﻴﻊ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﺸﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻁ ﻤﻥ ﺼﺒﺏ‪ .‬ﻭﺇِﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺕ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺨﺎﻓﺽ ﺍﻝﻁﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻨﻅﺭ‪‬ﻩ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃَﻁﻭل ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻤﺸﻰ ﻜﺄَﻨﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺤ ﱡ‬
‫ﺠ ﱡل ﻨﻅﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺤﻅﺔ‪ ،‬ﻴﺴﻭﻕ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻤﻥ ﻝﻘﻴﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺴﻼﻡ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﻅﺭﻩ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬‬
‫ﺼ َل ﺍﻷَﺤﺯﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺩﺍﺌ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻝﻔﻜﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻝﻴﺴﺕ ﻝﻪ ﺭﺍﺤﺔ‪ .‬ﻻ‬
‫ﻤﺘﻭﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺼﻑﹾ ﻝﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺴﻭ ُل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻴﺘﻜﻠﱠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺤﺎﺠﺔ‪ .‬ﻁﻭﻴ َل ﺍﻝﺴﻜﻭﺕ‪ .‬ﻴﻔﺘﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﻴﺨﺘﻤﻪ ﺒﺄﺸﺩﺍﻗﻪ‪ .‬ﻴﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﺒﺠﺎﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻜﻠﻡ‪ .‬ﻜﻼﻤﻪ ﹶﻓﺼ‪‬ل‬
‫ﻻ ﻓﻀﻭل ﻻ ﺘﻘﺼﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﻤ‪‬ﺙ‪ .‬ﻝﻴﺱ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﺎﻓﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻝﻤ‪‬ﻬﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻴﻌﻅﱢﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﱢﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﺇِﻥ ﺩﻗﱠﺕ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻴﺫﻡ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻴﻤﺩﺤﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﻝﻐﻀﺒﻪ ـ ﺇِﺫﺍ ﺘﹸﻌﺭ‪‬ﺽ ﻝﻠﺤﻕ ـ ﺸﻲﺀ‪ ‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻨﺘﺼﺭ ﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺘﻐﻀﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈِﺫﺍ ﺘﹸﻌﺭ‪‬ﺽ ﻝﻠﺤﻕ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻌﺭﻓﻪ ﺃَﺤﺩ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻘﻡ ﻝﻐﻀﺒﻪ ﺸﻲﺀ‪ ‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻨﺘﺼﺭ ﻝﻪ‪ .‬ﻻ ﻴﻐﻀﺏ ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﺘﺼﺭ ﻝﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺇِﺫﺍ ﺃَﺸﺎﺭ ﺃَﺸﺎﺭ ﺒﻜﻔﱢﻪ ﻜﻠﱢﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇِﺫﺍ ﺘﻌﺠ‪‬ﺏ ﹶﻗﻠﹶﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇِﺫﺍ ﺘﺤﺩ‪‬ﺙ ﻴﺼل ﺒﻬﺎ ﻴﻀﺭﺏ ﺒﺭﺍﺤﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺠ ﱡل ﻀﺤﻙ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺴ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺽ ﻁﺭﻓﻪ‪ ،‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻨﻰ ﺒﺎﻁﻥ ﺇِﺒﻬﺎﻤﻪ ﺍﻝﻴﺴﺭﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﺇِﺫﺍ ﻏﻀﺏ ﺃَﻋﺭﺽ ﻭﺃﺸﺎﺡ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﺭﺡ ﻏ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﻐﹶﻤﺎﻡ‪ ).‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪(١٢/١‬‬
‫ﻴﻔﺘ ‪‬ﺭ ﻋﻥ ‪‬ﻤﺜﹾل ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺭﺍﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٠٩‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺴﺒﺄ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٤٧‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٥‬‬
‫ﺃﺨﺭﺡ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺭﻴﺭ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﻭﺸﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﺒﻨﻲ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﺎ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﺎ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹾﺘﺭﻱ ﺃﺨﺎ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻷﺴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻭﺩ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺤﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﱠﻠﺏ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻤ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺒﺎ ﺠﻬل ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻫﺸﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺃُﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﻴ ﹶﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺨﻠﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﺒﻥ ﻭﺍﺌل‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺒﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻴﻴ‪‬ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ـ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ـ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻏﺭﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺝ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻨﺒ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﺍﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺱ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ ﻝﺒﻌﺽ‪ :‬ﺍﺒﻌﺜﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻓﻜﻠﱢﻤﻭﻩ‬
‫ﻥ ﺃﺸﺭﺍﻑ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻝﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺨﺎﺼﻤﻭﻩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﹸﻌﺫﺭﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻌﺜﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﻗﺩ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﻩ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﺍﺀ ـ‬
‫ﻝﻴﻜﻠﱢﻤﻭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀﻫﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺴﺭﻴﻌ ﹰﺎ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻅ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹶﻨﺘﹸﻬﻡ ـ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺠﻠﺱ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺤﺭﺼ ﹰﺎ ﻴﺤﺏ ‪‬ﺭﺸﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﻴ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺯ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ‬
‫ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺇﻨﱠﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻌﺜﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻝﻨﹸﻌﺫ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻨﱠﺎ ـ ﻭﺍﷲ ! ﻤﺎ ﻨﻌﻠﻡ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻔﱠﻬﺕ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻵﺒﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒ ﹶ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺨل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺩﺨﻠﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻙ ﻝﻘﺩ ﺸﺘﻤ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺒﻘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒﻴﺢ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺠﺌﺘﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻵﻝﻬﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺭ‪‬ﻗ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﺘﻤ ﹶ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺒﻴﻨﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻜﻨﺕ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﺠﺌﺕ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺒﻪ ﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﺠﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻝﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭﻨﺎ ﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻜﻨﺕ ﺇﻨﱠﻤﺎ ﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻑ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﺴ ‪‬ﻭﺩ‪‬ﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ‪‬‬
‫ﻜﻨﺕ ﺘﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﻠﻜ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻠﱠﻜﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺇِﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺄﺘﻴﻙ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻴﻙ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺌ ‪‬ﻴ ﹰﺎ ﺘﺭﺍﻩ ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻲ« ـ ﻓﺭﺒﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﺫﻝﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻥ »ﺍﻝﺭ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻏﻠﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﺴﻤ‪‬ﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻁ ‪‬ﺏ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺒﺭﺌﻙ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻨﹸﻌﺫﺭ ﻓﻴﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ »ﻣﺎ ﰊ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺟﺌﺘﻜﻢ ﲟﺎ ﺟﺌﺘﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻑ‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٦‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺜﲏ ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻻﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺰﻝ‬
‫ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺮﱐ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺃﻛﻮﻥ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺸﲑﹰﺍ ﻭﻧﺬﻳﺮﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻠﱠﻐﺘﻜﻢ‬
‫ﺖ ﻟﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻘﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﲏ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺌﺘﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ‬
‫ﺕ ﺭﰊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺼﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﻻ ‪‬‬
‫ﺣﻈﱡﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺮﺩ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﺃﺻﱪ ﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ـ ﺃﻭ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﳛﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢ«‬
‫ﻕ‬
‫ﺕ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻝﻴﺱ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻀﻴ ﹶ‬
‫ﻜﻨﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﺒل ﻤﻨﱠﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻋﺭﻀﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻓﻘﺩ ﻋﻠﻤ ﹶ‬
‫ﺒﻼﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﻗ ﱠل ﻤﺎﻻﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﺸﺩ ﻋﻴﺸ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻨﺎ؛ ﻓﺎﺴﺄل ﻝﻨﺎ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺒﻌﺜﻙ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺜﻙ ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻠﹾﻴ‪‬ﺴﻴ‪‬ﺭ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎل ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻗﺩ ﻀﻴ‪‬ﻘﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﺒﺴﻁ ﻝﻨﺎ ﺒﻼﺩ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝ ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻔﺠ‪‬ﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﻜﺄﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﺒﻌﺙﹾ ﻝﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻀﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺁﺒﺎﺌﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻴﻜﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻤﻥ ﻴﺒﻌﺙ‬
‫ﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻼﺏ ﻓﺈﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺸﻴﺨ ﹰﺎ ﺼﺩﻭﻗﺎﹰ؛ ﻓﻨﺴﺄﻝﻬﻡ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺘﻘﻭل ﺃﺤﻕﹲ ﻫﻭ ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﻝﻨﺎ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻗﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﻁل؟ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺼﻨﻌﺕ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺄﻝﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺼﺩ‪‬ﻗﻭﻙ ﺼﺩ‪‬ﻗﻨﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺭﻓﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻨﺯﻝﺘﻙ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ‪» :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﺑﻌﺜﺖ‪ ،‬ﹺﺇﻧ‪‬ﻤﺎ‬

‫ﻭﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺒﻌﺜﻙ ﺭﺴﻭ ﹰﻻ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﻭل‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺟﺌﺘﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺜﲏ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﺘﻜﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺃﹸﺭﺳﻠﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺇﹺﻟﻴﻜﻢ؛‬

‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻘﺒﻠﻮﻩ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻈﱡﻜﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺗﺮﺩ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﺃﺻﱪ‬
‫ﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺣﱴ ﳛﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢ«‪.‬‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٧‬‬
‫ﺴلْ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺒﻌﺙ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹶﻜ ﹰﺎ ﻴﺼﺩﻗﻙ ﺒﻤﺎ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻝﻡ ﺘﻔﻌل ﻝﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﺨﺫ ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻭﻜﻨﻭﺯﹰﺍ ﻭﻗﺼﺭﻭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻭﻓﻀﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﻭل ﻭﻴﺭﺍﺠﻌﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﻓﻴﺠﻌل ﻝﻙ ﺠﻨﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﻐﻨﻴﻙ ﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻨﺭﺍﻙ ﺘﺒﺘﻐﻲ ـ ﻓﺈﻨﻙ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ ﻭﺘﻠﺘﻤﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺵ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻨﻠﺘﻤﺴﻪ‬
‫ـ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻌﺭﻑ ﻓﻀل ﻤﻨﺯﻝﺘﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺇﻥ ﻜﻨﺕ ﺭﺴﻭ ﹰﻻ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺯﻋﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫‪» :‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺭﺑ‪‬ﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺜﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ ‪‬ﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺜﲏ ﺑﺸﲑﹰﺍ ﻭﻧﺬﻳﺮﺍﹰ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺗﻘﺒﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺌﺘﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻈﻜﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺮﺩﻭﻩ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﺃﺻﱪ ﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ﳛﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻴﲏ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺇﻥ ﺸﺎﺀ ﻓﻌل ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﱠﺎ ﻝﻥ ﻨﹸﺅﻤﻥ‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺴﻘﻁ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺯﻋﻤﺕ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻝﻙ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻔﻌل‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪» :‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻜﻢ‬

‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻡ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺃﻨﱠﺎ ﺴﻨﺠﻠﺱ ﻤﻌﻙ ﻭﻨﺴﺄﻝﻙ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺴﺄﻝﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻨﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﻨﻙ ﻤﺎ ﻨﻁﻠﺏ؟ ﻓﻴﻘﺩﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻭﻴﻌﻠﻤﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺘﹸﺭﺠﻌﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺨﺒﺭﻙ ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺼﺎﻨﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﻨﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻨﻘﺒل ﻤﻨﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺠﺌﺘﻨﺎ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ ﺒﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺇﻨﱠﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻙ ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺠل ﺒﺎﻝﻴﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ »ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ« ﻭِﺇﻨﱠﺎ ـ ﻭﺍﷲ ـ ﻻ ﻨﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺫﺭﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺃَﻤﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻨﺘﺭﻜﻙ ﻭﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﺕ ﺒﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﻠﻜﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺘﹸﻬﻠﻜﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٠٨‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺌﻠﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﻗﺎﺌﻠﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﻝﻥ ﻨﺅﻤﻥ ﻝﻙ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺘﺄﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻼ)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﷲ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ ﻗﺒﻴ ﹰ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻻ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻝﻺﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻱ ﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻁﻤﻊ ﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻝﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻓﻈ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ﻛﹸﻨـ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪} :‬ﹶﻓﹺﺒﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ ﻋ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺳ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻟﻬ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻻﹶﻧ ﹶﻔﻀ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ﹾﻠ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﻏﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹶ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮ ﱠﻛ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﹼـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺷ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ ﹶﻓﹺﺈﺫﹶﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺒﻌﺙ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺍﻝﺩﻭﺴـﻰ ﺭﻀـﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨـﻪ‬ ‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮ ﱢﻛ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻴﻁﻠﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺱ ﻷﻨﻬـﻡ ﺃﺒﻁـﺄﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻴﺩﻴﻪ ﻭﺠﺩ – ﺨﺎﻑ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻴـﺩﻋﻭ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺩﻭﺱ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻬﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺩﻭﺴﹰﺎ – ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ ) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺃﻫـﺪ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺳﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﺕ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﲔ (‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻠﻁﻔﻴل‪ ) :‬ﺍﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﻭﺍﺭﻓﻖ‬
‫( ﻓﺭﺠﻊ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﻭﺠﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻮﺩﺍ‬
‫ً‬ ‫‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻓﻈﹰﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻣﺴﺘﻜﱪﹰﺍ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻬﺩﺍﻴﺎﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻭﺒﺩﺃ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﺒﺎﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﺩﻴﺩ – ﻫـﻭ ﻜـﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﻴﻔـ ﹰﺎ ﻓـﻰ‬
‫ﻼ ﻓﺭﺠﻊ ﺒﺨﻤﺴﻴﻥ ﺒﻴﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻭﺕ ﺩﻭﺱ ﻜﻠﻬـﻡ ﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻨﺘﻅﺭ ﻗﻠﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ‪.٦١/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺁل ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٥٩‬‬
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‫ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺨﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻨﺴﺘﻤﺩﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻜﻴـﻑ‬
‫ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ؟ ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﺎﻝﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻤﺭﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺘـﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻤـﺭﻴﻥ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻰ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﻁﻴﺏ ﻋﺭﻓﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺃﻤﺎ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻁﻴﺏ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ؟ ﻫل ﻫﻭ ُﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻭﺍﺠﺏ ﺃﻭ ﻤﺴﺘﺤﺏ ؟ ﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻭﻀـﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ؟‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻭﻨﺴﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺌﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺃﺼﻭﻝﻬﺎ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻤﺅﻝﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ – ﺃﻓﻌل ﻜـﺫﺍ ﻻ‬
‫ﺘﻔﻌل ﻜﺫﺍ – ﺒل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺼﻭل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﺎﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻤﺎ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻴﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻬﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺭﻀـﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﻋﻤل ﻤﻥ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻝﻭ ﺨﺎﻝﻑ ﺃﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻬﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤـ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻨﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤ ﹰ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﻡ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻨﺭﻓﻀﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻨﻘﺒل ﺇﻻ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﻪ ﺼـﻠﺔ ﺒﻬـﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺩﺭ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﺼﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﺒﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ؟ ﻤﺒﺩﺃ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ – ﻤﺒﺩﺃ‬

‫ﺇﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻌﺙ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻨﺠﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤﺭﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‪‬ﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺎﺘﻠﻬﻡ ﺜﻼﺜﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﻭﺍ ﻓﺄﻗﺒل ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻘﺎﺘﻠﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺨﺭﺝ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ‪ ‬ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻗﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻌﺙ ﺍﻝﺭﻜﺒﺎﻥ ﻴﻀﺭﺒﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﻭﺠﻪ ﻭﻴﺩﻋﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‪:‬‬
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‫»ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﺘﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ« ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ؛ ﻭﺩﺨﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﺇِﻝﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻗﺎﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺴﻨﹼﺔ ﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭﻩ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇﻥ ﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻬﻡ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻘﺎﺘﻠﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻜﺘﺏ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫»ﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻴﻡ‪ .‬ﻝﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺒﺭﻜﺎﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻨﻲ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﺇِﻝﻴﻙ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻫﻭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ـ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ـ ﻓﺈﻨﻙ ﺒﻌﺜﺘﻨﻲ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻜﻌﺏ ﻭﺃﻤﺭﺘﻨﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺘﻴﺘﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺃُﻗﺎﺘﻠﻬﻡ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺩﻋﻬﻡ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬
‫ﺕ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻤﺘﻬﻡ ﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺴﻨﹼﺔ ﻨﺒﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻝﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻗﺒﻠ ﹸ‬
‫ﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﺩﻋﻭﺘﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃﻴﺎﻡ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻴﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻗﺎﺘﻠﺘﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺇِﻨﻲ ﻗﺩﻤ ﹸ‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺒﻌﺜﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺭﻜﺒﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﺘﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻭﻝﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺎﺘﻠﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﺎ ﻤﻘﻴﻡ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻅﻬﺭﻫﻡ ﺁﻤﺭﻫﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻤﺭﻫﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﻬﺎﻫﻡ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻨﻬﺎﻫﻡ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻡ ﻤﻌﺎﻝﻡ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺴﻨﹼﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﺇِﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ـ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ـ ﻭﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺒﺭﻜﺎﺘﻪ«‪ .‬ﻓﻜﺘﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ‪»:‬ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺇﹺﱃ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬

‫ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ :‬ﺳﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﱐ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺇﹺﻟﻴﻚ ﺍﷲ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﹺﻻ‬
‫ﻫﻮ‪ .‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ﺟﺎﺀﱐ ﻣﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻚ ﳜﱪ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺑﲏ ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺙ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺳﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﹺﻟﻴﻪ‬
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‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹِﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﻬﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﹰﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻗﺪ ﻫﺪﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﷲ ‪‬ﺪﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺸﺮ‪‬ﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﻧﺬﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻗﹺﺒﻞﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻘﹺﺒ ﹾﻞ ﻣﻌﻚ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺪﻫﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻗﺒل ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻗﺒل ﻤﻌﻪ ﻭﻓﺩ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ‬
‫»ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺄ‪‬ﻢ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺁﻫﻡ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﻴل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻭﻗﻔﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻨﺪ؟«‬
‫ ﺴﻠﱠﻤﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻨﺸﻬﺩ ﺃﻨﱠﻙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺇﻝﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫»ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ«‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺴﻜﺘﻭﺍ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺭﺍﺠﻌﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﻋﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺯ‪‬ﺟﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺪ‪‬ﻣﻮﺍ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﺭﺍﺠﻌﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﻋﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻨﻌﻡ ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻨﺤﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﺇِﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺠﹺﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﺴ ﹶﺘﻘﹾﺩ‪‬ﻤﻭﺍ ـ ﻗﺎﻝﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺭﺍﺕ ـ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﱄ ﺃﻧﻜﻢ ﺃﺳﻠﻤﺘﻢ ﻭﱂ ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻠﻮﺍ ﻷﻟﻘﻴﺖ‬

‫»ﻟﻮ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺧﺎﻟﺪﹰﺍ ﱂ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺇ ﹼ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎ ـ ﻭﺍﷲ ـ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﻭﺳﻜﻢ ﲢﺖ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻣﻜﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺤﻤﺩﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻫﺩﺍﻨﺎ ﺒﻙ ﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺩﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﻻ ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺩﻨﺎ ﺨﺎﻝﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﲪ‪‬ﺪﰎ؟«‬
‫‪»:‬ﺻﺪﻗﺘﻢ«‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻠﺒﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
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‫ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻜﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ؟« ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻝﻡ ﻨﻙ ﻨﻐﻠﺏ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺑﻠﻰ ﻗﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻠﺒﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻜﻨﺎ ﻨﻐﻠﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﺘﻠﻨﺎ ـ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ـ ﺃﻨﱠﺎ ﻜﻨﱠﺎ ﻨﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻜﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺃﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻗﻴﺱ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻔﺭ‪‬ﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻨﺒﺩﺃ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﺒﻅﻠﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺻﺪﻗﺘﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺴﻨﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻋﻜﺭﻤﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹِﺼﺎﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻝﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﻁ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻨﻅﺭﻴﺔ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺴﻴﺩﻨﺎ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﺭﻑ ﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴل ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ) ﺃﺠﻠﺱ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺸﻭﻴﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺘﻌﻠﻤﻭﺍ ﻭﺒﻌﺩﻴﻥ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻝﻭﺤﺩﻙ (‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺩﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺃﺨﻼﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺼﻔﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﻓﺄﺭﺍﺩ ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻴﺄﺘﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻌﻴﺸﻭﺍ ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻭﻴﺭﻭﺍ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﻡ ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻁﻔﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻭﺍﺩﻫﻡ ﻭﻤﺤﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻴﺭﻭﺍ ﺇﻜﺭﺍﻤﻬﻡ ﻭﻴﺭﻭﺍ ﺴﻠﻭﻙ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺒﺸﺭﻯ ﻤﻁﺒﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ ﻓﻴﺭﺴﺦ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﻭﺒﻬﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻌﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺯ‪ ‬ﹴﻡ ‪ِ ،‬ﻝ ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻔ ﱢﻘ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﻴ ﹺ‬
‫ﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﻭ ﺒ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺙ ﺇ ﹶﻝﻴ‪ ‬ﹺﻬﻡ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ ‬ﺩ َﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻭﻝﱠﻰ ‪‬ﻭﻓﹾ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻫﻡ‪ ‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬
‫ﻋﻬ‪ ‬ﺩﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﺩ ﺇ ﹶﻝﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻜﺘﹶﺎﺒ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺩﻗﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻬﻡ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻜ ﹶﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ ﹸﺫ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻬﻡ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ﱠﻨ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﺎ ِﻝ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻝﹾ ِﺈﺴ‪‬ﻠﹶﺎ ﹺﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻴﺄْ ﹸ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹺﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺣ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻢ‪ :‬ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﺎ ﹲﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭَﺃ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻩ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺒ َﺄﻤ‪ ‬ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﻩ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ‬

‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﹶﺄ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻓﹸﻮﺍ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻘﹸﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﹶﺜ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻤ ﹺﻦ ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹺﺑ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹺﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤﺮﹺﻭ ‪‬ﺑ ﹺﻦ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺰ ﹴﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪.٩٥/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﺭﺴﺎﻝﻪ ‬
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‫ﺴﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‬

‫ﺤِ‬
‫ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹸﻛﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﻴﺮﹺ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺱ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻖ ﹶﻛﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﺬ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ‬
‫ﺱ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹸﻘﺮ‪‬ﺁﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻔ ﱢﻘ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﹺﺑﹶﺎﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻱ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻱ‬
‫ﺨﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ﹸﻘﺮ‪‬ﺁ ﹶﻥ ﺇ‪‬ﻧﺴ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻥ ﺇﻟﱠﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﻃﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ﱡﻈ ﹾﻠ ﹺﻢ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ﻟ‪‬ﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻛ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻟ ﱡﻈ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻘﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻟﹶﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﱠﺎ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﺄ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﹶﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﻭﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬ﺘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺞ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻔ ﱠﻘﻬ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹺﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺞ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺞ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺞ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻐ ﹴﲑ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﱠﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‬
‫ﺏ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﱢﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻮ ﹴ‬
‫ﺱ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺱ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻮﺑ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳﹾﺜﻨﹺﻲ ﹶﻃ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻋ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺗﻘ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ؛ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺺ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ِﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ﱢﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔﻀ‪‬ﻲ ﹺﺑ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹺﺟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻮ ﹴ‬
‫ﺱ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﻋ‪‬ﺎ ِﺀ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﹾﺃ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻗﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﺒ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹺﻞ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺸ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹺﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻋﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ﱠﻞ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١١٥‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﺒ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹺﻞ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺸ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ﹺﺮ ﹶﻓ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻘ ﹶﻄﻔﹸﻮﺍ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺗﻜﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻋﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺷ ﹺﺮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﹺﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻍ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ﻮ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﻓ ﹺﻖ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ‬
‫ﺱ ﹺﺑﹺﺈ ‪‬ﺳﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺓ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺤ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﺮﺀُﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻛﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﺑﹺﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻦ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒ ﹺﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﺑﹺﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺸ‪‬ﻮﻉﹺ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻐﱢﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺠ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ‪‬ﺗﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﻡ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻛﹸﻮ ﹺ‬
‫ﺽ‬
‫ﺲ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﹾﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺭ ﹺ‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹺﺮ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﹶﺎ ﹸﺓ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﺗﻤ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﹺﺟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺓ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻞ ‪ ،‬ﻟﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺠ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﹺﺑ ‪‬ﺮ ﹲﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻐ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ ﹶﻟﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﻧ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﻲ ﺇﻟﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺸ‪‬ﺎ ُﺀ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻞ؛ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﺑﹺﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ؛‬
‫ﺡ ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ ؛ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﺬ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻐ‪‬ﺎﹺﻧ ﹺﻢ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹺﻞ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻭ‪‬ﺍ ﹺ‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻘﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﹺﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮ؛ ‪‬ﻭﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﹺﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ُﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺳﻘﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺷﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ‬
‫ﺸ ﹴﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈﹺﺑ ﹺﻞ ﺷ‪‬ﺎﺗ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻘ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﺗﺒﹺﻴ ‪‬ﻊ ‪ ،‬ﺟ ﹶﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ﻣ‪ ‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻘ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺮﹲﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ ﹶﺛﻠﹶﺎ‪‬ﺛ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻨ ﹺﻢ ﺳ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹲﺔ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺷ‪‬ﺎﹲﺓ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺟ ﹶﺬ ‪‬ﻋ ﹲﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
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‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١١٦‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﺯ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪‬ﺍ‬

‫ﲔ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﹺﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﱠﻟﺘ‪‬ﻲ ﺍ ﹾﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺮ‪‬ﺍﹺﻧ ‪‬ﻲ ﺇ ‪‬ﺳﻠﹶﺎﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺧ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺼ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻱ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ؛ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﹾﺜ ﹸﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﻥ ﹺﺑﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹺﻦ ﺍﹾﻟﹺﺈ ‪‬ﺳﻠﹶﺎ ﹺﻡ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﹺﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺮ‪‬ﺍﹺﻧ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻟﹶﺎ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﹾﺜ ﹸﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ﹸﻛ ﱢﻞ ﺣ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟ ﹴﻢ‪ :‬ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ﹴﺮ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﺃ‪‬ﻧﺜﹶﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ ﱠﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺛﻴ‪‬ﺎﺑ‪‬ﺎ ‪ .‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺩ‪‬ﻯ ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺻﹶﻠﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻴﻌ‪‬ﺎ ؛ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹺﺈ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻣﹺﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺮﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻪ‪.(١) .‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻝﻤﻬﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺃﺼل ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻹﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻻ ﺘﻭﺠﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻼﺩﻫﻡ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ‪،‬ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‬
‫ﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻝﺴﺠﻥ ﺍﻷﺴﺭﻯ ) ﻴﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺃﺼﺒﺢ ﺴﺠﻥ ( ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺴﺭﻯ‬
‫ﻴﺭﺒﻁﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ) ﻋﻭﺍﻤﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ ( ﻭﻴﺠﻴﺏ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻷﻜل ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺭﺏ ﻭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻤﺭﺒﻭﻁﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﺼﻠﻰ ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺫﻜﺭ ﻭﺍﻹﻨﺎﺒﺔ – ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺘﺭﺒﻭﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫– ﻭﺒﻌﺩﻴﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﻭﻫﻡ ﺠﻨﺏ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ _ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺘﺴﻊ ﻭﺘﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻭﻓﻭﺩ _ ﺇﺴﻼﻡ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻴﺩﻱ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺴﺎﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﺹ ‪.٥٩٦‬‬
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‫‪١١٧‬‬
‫ﺤﻜﹶﻡ ﺒﻥ ﹶﻜﻴ‪‬ﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻤﻴﺭﻨﺎ ﻀﺭﺏ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺩﻋ‪ ‬ﻪ ﹶﻨﻘﹾ ‪‬ﺩﻡ‪ ‬ﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺴﺭﺕ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺩﻤﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻓﺄﻁﺎلَ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻡ ﺘﻜﻠﱢﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ؟ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻴﺴﻠﻡ ﻫﺫﺍ »ﺁﺨﺭ ﺍﻷﺒﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻨﻲ ﺃﻀﺭﺏ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻘﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻴﻘﹾﺩ‪‬ﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃُﻤﻪ ﺍﻝﻬﺎﻭﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻻ ﻴ‪‬ﻘﺒل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺭ‪ :‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺴﻠﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺨﺫﻨﻲ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻘﺩ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺘﺄﺨﱠﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﺃﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﹰﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻨﻲ؟ ﺜﻡ ﺃﻗﻭل‪ :‬ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ ﷲ ﻭﻝﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺭ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻓﺤﺴﻥ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﻭﺠﻬﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺽ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺩﺨل ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺘل ﺸﻬﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﺒﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ﻭﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺭﺍ ﹴ‬
‫ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺭﻱ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ‪ :‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ » :‬ﺗﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ«‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺩ ﺃﺴﻠﻤﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﺘﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺗﺸﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﹰﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ«)‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬ﻟﻮ ﺃﻃﻌﺘﻜﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺁﻧﻔﹰﺎ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﺘ‪‬ﻪ ﺩﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺸﻬﻴﺩﹰﺍ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﻝﻭ ﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜﻔﺭﻩ ؟‬
‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺠﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻑ – ﻭﻓﺩ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ ﺃﺴﻜﻨﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻜﻔﺎﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﺸﺭﻜﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻤﻔﻁﺭﻴﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺼﻴﺎﻡ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺠﻴﺏ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻷﻜل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻴﺄﻜﻠﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺽ ﻝﻘﻠﻭﺒﻬﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻝﻴﻙ ﻗﺼﺘﻬﻡ ‪ :‬ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﻕ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺸﻐﻑ ﺒﻬﺎ ‪.٣٢/١‬‬

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‫ﻋﻥ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ ﺍﺘﱠﺒﻊ ﺃﺜﺭﻩ ﻋﺭﻭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺴﻌﻭﺩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺩﺭﻜﻪ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼل ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪،‬‬
‫» ﺇﻧ‪‬ﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺠﻊ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﺒﺎﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﻨﺨﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﻤﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﻝﻠﺫﻱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ـ‬

‫ـ ﻭﻋﺭﻑ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻮﻙ «‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﺭﻭﺓ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺤﺏ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺒﻜﺎﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﺤﺒ‪‬ﺒ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻁﺎﻋ ﹰﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺨﺭﺝ ﻴﺩﻋﻭ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺨﺎﻝﻔﻭﻩ ﺒﻤﻨﺯﻝﺘﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻋﱢﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻝﻪ ـ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ ـ ﺭ ‪‬ﻤﻭ‪‬ﻩ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒل‬
‫ﺃﺸﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﻭﺠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺼﺎﺒﻪ ﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻴل ﻝﻌﺭﻭﺓ ﻤﺎ ﺘﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻤﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻲ ﺇﻻ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻴﺱ ﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻜﺭﻤﻨﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺴﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺘﺤل ﻋﻨﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺩﻓﻨﻭﻨﻲ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻓﻨﻭﻩ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
‫»ﺇﻥ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻛﻤﺜﻞ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺯﻋﻤﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺳﲔ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺃﻗﺎﻤﺕ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻗﺘل ﻋﺭﻭﺓ ﺃﺸﻬﺭﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺇﻨﱠﻬﻡ ﺍﺌﺘﻤﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺭﺃﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﺤﺭﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺤﻭﻝﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺏ ﻭﻗﺩ ﺒﺎﻴﻌﻭﺍ ﻭﺃﺴﻠﻤﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺭﺴﻠﻭﺍ ﻋﺒﺩ ﻴﺎ ﻝﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ ﺍﺜﻨﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺤﻼﻑ‬
‫ﻴﺭﺴﻠﻭﺍ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺩﻨﹶﻭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﻨﺯﻝﻭﺍ ﻗﻨﺎﺓ ﺃﻝﻔﹶﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﺸﻌﺒﺔ‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١١٩‬‬
‫ﻴﺭﻋﻰ ﻓﻲ ﹶﻨﻭ‪‬ﺒﺘﻪ ﺭﻜﺎﺏ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺭﺁﻫﻡ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻴﺸﺘ ‪‬ﺩ ﻝﻴﺒﺸﱢﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺒﻘﺩﻭﻤﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻘﻴﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺼﺩ‪‬ﻴﻕ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭﻩ ﻋﻥ ﺭﻜﺏ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﻴﺭﻴﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﺇﻥ ﺸﺭﻁ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺸﺭﻭﻁﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻜﺘﺒﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﻻ ﺘﺴﺒﻘﻨﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻗﻭﻤﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻝﻠﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺴﻤ ﹸ‬
‫ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻌل ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﺨل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺒﻘﺩﻭﻤﻪ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻓﺭﻭ‪‬ﺡ ﺍﻝﻅﱠﻬﺭ ﻤﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻬﻡ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴ‪‬ﺤﻴ‪‬ﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻭﺍ ﺇﻻ ﺒﺘﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻝﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﻀﺭﺒﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﹸﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﻤﺸﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺇِﺫﺍ ﺠﺎﺀﻫﻡ ﺒﻁﻌﺎﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺄﻜﻠﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻴﺄﻜل ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﻴﺩ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﺘﺏ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻁﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﻉ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻏﻴﺔ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺴﻨﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺒﺭﺤﻭﺍ ﻴﺴﺄﻝﻭﻨﻪ ﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻨﺔ ﻭﻴﺄﺒﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺴﺄﻝﻭﻩ ﺸﻬﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﺒﻌﺩ ﻤﻘﺩﻤﻬﻡ ﻝﻴﺘﺄﻝﱠﻔﻭﺍ ﺴﻔﻬﺎﺀﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺒﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻬﺎ ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻤﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ؛ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺒﻌﺙ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺃﺒﺎ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺸﻌﺒﺔ ﻝﻴﻬﺩﻤﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺄﻝﻪ ﻤﻊ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﺼﻠﱡﻭﺍ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻜﺴﺭﻭﺍ ﺃﺼﻨﺎﻤﻬﻡ‬
‫» ﺃﻣﺎ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻣﻜﻢ ﺑﺄﻳﺪﻳﻜﻢ ﻓﺴﻨ‪‬ﻌﻔﻴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺴﻨﺅﺘﻴﻜﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻼ ﺧﲑ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻻ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻓﻴﻪ «‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﻨﺎﺀﺓ‪.‬‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٢٠‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻓﺩ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﻕ ﻝﻘﻠﻭﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺸﺘﺭﻁﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻓﺄﻨﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻝﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﺭ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﺤﺸﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻌﺸﹼﺭﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴ‪‬ﺠﺒ‪‬ﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ ‪ »:‬ﻟﻜﻢ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻻ ﺗ‪‬ﺤﺸﺮﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﲡﺒﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻏﲑﻛﻢ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺹ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﺧﲑ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻻ ﺭﻛﻮﻉ ﻓﻴﻪ «‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﱢﻤﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺠﻌﻠﻨﻲ ﺇﻤﺎﻡ ﻗﻭﻤﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﺏ ﺴﺄﻝﺕ ﺠﺎﺒﺭﹰﺍ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺸﺄﻥ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ‬
‫ﺇﺫ ﺒﺎﻴﻌﺕﹾ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻁﺕﹾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺼﺩﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺠﻬﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺴﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ » :‬ﺳﻴﺘﺼﺪ‪‬ﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﳚﺎﻫﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺳﻠﻤﻮﺍ‬

‫« ـ ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﹰﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﺠﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻭﺱ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺫﻴﻔﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺩﻤﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻓﺩ ﺜﻘﻴﻑ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻨﺯﻝﺕ ﺍﻷﺤﻼﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺸﻌﺒﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﺯل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﺔ ﻝﻪ‪ ،‬ﻜل ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﻴﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﺌﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺠﻠﻴﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺭﺍﻭﺡ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺭﺠﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻁﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺤﺩﺜﻨﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻝﻘﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻤﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻴﻘﻭل‪ » :‬ﻻ ﺁﺳﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻀﻌﻔﲔ ﻣﺴﺘﺬﻟﱢﲔ ﲟﻜﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺮﺏ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻧ‪‬ﺪﺍﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺪﺍﻟﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ «‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٢١‬‬
‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﺒﻁﺄ ﻋﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺄﺘﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻝﻘﺩ ﺃﺒﻁﺄﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻠﻴﻠﺔ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‪» :‬‬
‫ﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻪ ﻃﺮﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻓﻜﺮﻫﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺟﻲﺀ ﺣﱴ ﹸﺃ‪‬ﺗﻤ‪‬ﻪ «‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻭﺱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺒﻨﺤﻭﻩ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﺼل ﻤﻬﻡ ﻝﻠﺘﺭﻗﻴﻕ ‪ ،‬ﺤﺩﺜﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺜﻨﻰ ﻗﺎل ﺤﺩﺜﻨﺎ ﻋﺒﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻫﺎﺏ ﻗﺎل ﺤﺩﺜﻨﺎ ﺃﻴﻭﺏ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻗﻼﺒﺔ ﻗﺎل ﺤﺩﺜﻨﺎ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺃﺘﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﻨﺤﻥ ﺸﺒﺒﺔ ﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺒﻭﻥ ﻓﺄﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ ﻴﻭﻤﺎ ﻭﻝﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ ﺭﺤﻴﻤﺎ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻅﻥ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺸﺘﻬﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻫﻠﻨﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺸﺘﻘﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺴﺄﻝﻨﺎ ﻋﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﺩﻨﺎ ﻓﺄﺨﺒﺭﻨﺎﻩ ﻗﺎل‪ " :‬ﺍﺭﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻓﺄﻗﻴﻤﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻮﻫﻢ ﻭﻣﺮﻭﻫﻢ ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﺃﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻭﺻﻠﻮﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻤﻮﱐ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻠﻴﺆﺫﻥ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ‬
‫)‪ ....(٢‬ﻓﺭﺠﻊ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻭﻴﺭﺙ ﻭﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺆﻣﻜﻢ ﺃﻛﱪﻛﻢ "‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻜﻡ ﺼﻼﺓ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ ‪ :‬ﺒﻼ ﻓﻭﻗﻑ ﻴﺼﻠﻰ ‪ .‬ﺘﻌﻠﻡ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤل ﻭﺠﺎﺀ ﻴﻌﻠﻡ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺎﺭﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻤل ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﻗﺼﺼﻪ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺍﻝﺴـﻼﻡ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻷﺨـﻼﻕ _ ﻗﺼـﺔ ﺇﺴـﻼﻡ ﺜﻘﻴـﻑ ﺃﻫـل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻑ‪.١٦٤/١‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺴﺘﻭﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﻓﻠﻴﺅﻤﻬﻡ ﺃﻜﺒﺭﻫﻡ ﺒـﺭﻗﻡ ‪ ، ٦٠٥‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻤﺴـﻠﻡ _‬
‫ﺒﺎﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺤﻕ ﺒﺎﻹﻤﺎﻤﺔ ﺒﺭﻗﻡ ‪.٦٧٤‬‬
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‫ﻫﺫﺍ ﻓﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻜﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺃﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺸﻬﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺩﺜﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻨﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﺭﻓﻭﻨﻬﺎ ﺠﻴﺩﹰﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻁﻴﺏ – ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺼل – ﻝﻴﻪ ﻨﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ؟‬
‫ﻷﻨﻪ ﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺃﻓﻀل ﻭﺃﺸﺭﻑ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﻉ ﻭﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﻉ ﻭﺃﺤﺏ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺎﻉ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺴﻜﻴﻨﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﻴﺘﻨﺯل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻸ ﺍﻷﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻼﺌﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺫﻩ ﻤﻤﻴﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺫﺍ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺃﺭﺴل ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺯﻤﻨﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﺴـﺭﻴﺔ ؟ ﺍﻝﺴـﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋـﺔ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﺴﺌﻭل ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﻤﻴﺭ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﻤﺩﺓ ﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﲎ اﻟﴪﻳﺔ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻤﺴﺌﻭل ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﻤﻴﺭ )‪.(١‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻻﺜﻴﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‪) :‬ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﻴﺒﻠﻎ ﺃﻗﺼﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻤﺎﺌـﺔ ﺘﺒﻌـﺙ ﺇﻝـﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﺴﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻜﻭﻨﻭﻥ ﺨﻼﺼﺔ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭ ﻭﺨﻴـﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺸـﺊ ﺍﻝﺴـﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻔﻴﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﻴل ﺴﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻨﻬﻡ ﻴﻨﻔﺫﻭﻥ ﺴﺭﺍ ﻭﺨﻔﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻻﻤﺎﻡ ﺸﻬﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﺍﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﺒﻥ ﺨﻁﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻫﺸﺔ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌـﺎﻝﻰ ﻓـﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒـﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺒﺎﺡ )‪) :(١‬ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺴﺭﻱ ﻓـﻲ ﺨﻔﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤـﻊ‬
‫ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻭﺴﺭﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﺜل ﻋﻁﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻁﺎﻴﺎ ﻭﻋﻁﻴﺎﺕ( ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻭﻝﻪ‪) :‬ﺨﻔﻴﺔ( ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎل )ﺴﺭﺍ(‬
‫ﻝﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻻﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﻴﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﻁﻌﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺘﺨـﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺨﻤﺴﻤﺎﺌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﻤﺴﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻴﻘـﺎل ﻝـﻪ‪ :‬ﻤﻨﺴـﺭ ﺒـﺎﻝﻨﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺒﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻡ ﻭﻜﺴﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻥ ﻭﺒﻌﻜﺴﻬﻤﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺜﻤﺎﻨﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺴﻤﻲ ﺠﻴﺸﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﻫﻴﻀﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺴﻤﻲ ﺠﺤﻔﻼ ﺒﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻡ ﻭﺴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﺤـﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﻤﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﺩ ﻓﺠﻴﺵ ﺠﺭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺒﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻡ ﻭﺒﺭﺍﺀﻴﻥ ﻤﻬﻤﻠﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻻﻭﻝﻰ ﻤﺸـﺩﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻤـﻴﺱ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺒﻠﻔﻅ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﻝﺠﻴﺵ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺭﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﺒﻌﺜﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻝﻌﺸـﺭﺓ ﻓﻤـﺎ ﺒﻌـﺩﻫﺎ ﺤﻀـﻴﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺒﻌﻭﻥ ﻋﺼﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻝﻰ ﺜﻼﺜﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﻤﻘﻨﺏ ﺒﻘﺎﻑ ﻭﻨﻭﻥ ﻭﻤﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﺃﻱ ﺒﻜﺴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻡ ﻭﺴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻑ ﻭﻓـﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻥ ﺯﺍﺩ ﺴﻤﻲ ﺠﻤﺭﺓ ﺒﺠﻴﻡ ﻤﻔﺘﻭﺤﺔ ﻭﺴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻴﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺘﻴﺒﺔ ‪ -‬ﺒﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻑ ﻓﺘـﺎﺀ ﻤﻜﺴـﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﺴﺎﻜﻨﺔ ﻓﻤﻭﺤﺩﺓ ﻓﺘﺎﺀ ﺘﺄﻨﻴﺙ ‪ -‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻨﺘﺸﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻥ ﺍﺒـﻥ ﻋﺒـﺎﺱ ﺭﻀـﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‪) :‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻻﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻤﺎﺌـﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﺁﻻﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻫﺯﻡ ﻗﻭﻡ ﺒﻠﻐﻭﺍ ﺍﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ ﺃﻝﻔﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻠـﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺼـﺩﻗﻭﺍ ﻭﺼـﺒﺭﻭﺍ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻴﻌﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺒﻥ ﺤﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ )ﺇﺫﺍ ﺼﺩﻗﻭﺍ ﻭﺼﺒﺭﻭﺍ(‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠـﻪ ﺃﺤﻤـﺩ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻨﺩ ‪ ،٢٩٩ / ١‬ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻥ ‪ ، ١٥٦ / ٩‬ﻭﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻤﻲ ‪ ٢١٥ / ٢‬ﻭﺫ ﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓـﻲ‬
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‫ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﻮﺓ )ﻓﻘﻂ( ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻗﺘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻴﺭﺍﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﻴﺭﻯ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ ‪ :‬ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ‪ :‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺭ‪‬ﺍﺀ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻌﺙ‬
‫ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻴﻤﻥ ﻴﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﻓﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻴﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻊ ﺨﺎﻝ ‪‬ﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺃﺸﻬﺭ ﻴـﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﻹِﺴـﻼﻡ ﻓﻠـﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺠﻴﺒﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺇﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻌﺙ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻁﺎﻝﺏ ﻭﺃﻤﺭﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻘﻔل ﺨﺎﻝﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻼ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻤ‪‬ﻥ ﻤﻊ ﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﻓﺄﺤﺏ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻌﻘ‪‬ﺏ ﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻓﻠﻴ‪‬ﻌﻘـﺏ‪ ‬ﻤﻌـﻪ‪ .‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﺇِﻻ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﻋﻘﹶﺏ ﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺩ‪‬ﻨﻭ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﺇِﻝﻴﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜـﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺭﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﻓﻜﻨﺕ ﻓﻴﻤﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﻘﺩ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺒﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺼﻔﱠﻨﺎ ﺼﻔ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﺜﻡ ﺘﻘﺩﻡ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﻗﺭﺃ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻤﺕ ﻫﻤ‪‬ﺩﺍﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺘﺏ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺴـﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺒﺈﺴﻼﻤﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺭﺃ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺨ ‪‬ﺭ ﺴﺎﺠﺩﹰﺍ ﺜﻡ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺭﺃﺴـﻪ ﻓﻘـﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻤﻊ ‪ ).٢٥٨ / ٥‬ﺴﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ ‪./٦‬‬

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‫»ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻫﻤ‪‬ﺪﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻫﻤ‪‬ﺪﺍﻥ«‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﺭﹰﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ )‪ .(١‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﺇﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻘﻁ ‪.‬‬
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‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺇﺭﺴﺎﻝﻪ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ ‪.٩٥/١‬‬

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‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬

‫سريتين ثابتين في السيرة ) ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻴﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺃ _ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻊ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﺭ ﺴﻨﺔ ﺜﻼﺙ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺒﻌﺙ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻤ‪‬ﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ـ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺠ ‪‬ﺩ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ ـ ﻓﺎﻨﻁﻠﻘﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻲ ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﻫﺫﹶﻴل ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ ﺒﻨﻭ ِﻝﺤ‪‬ﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺒﻌﻭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺴ‪‬ﻔﺎﻥ ﻭﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺫﹸﻜﺭﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺒﻴﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺒﻘﺭﻴﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻗﺘﺼ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﺁﺜﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺘﹶﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﺯ ﹰﻻ ﻨﺯﻝﻭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻭﺠﺩﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻨﹶﻭﻯ‬
‫ﺘﻤﺭ ﺘﺯﻭ‪‬ﺩﻭﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺘﻤﺭ ﻴﺜﺭﺏ؛ ﻓﺘﺒﻌﻭﺍ ﺁﺜﺎﺭﻫﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻝﺤﻘﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻝﺠﺌﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻰ ﹶﻓﺩ‪‬ﻓﹶﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻓﺄﺤﺎﻁﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻝﻜﻡ‬
‫ﻼ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﺎﺼﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻴﺜﺎﻕ ﺇﻥ ﻨﺯﻝﺘﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻨﻘﺘل ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺃﻨﺯل ﻓﻲ ﺫﻤﺔ ﻜﺎﻓﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﺨﺒﺭ ﻋﻨﺎ ﻨﺒﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﺘﻠﻭﻫﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺘل ﻋﺎﺼﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺨﺒﹺﻴﺏ ﻭﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﺭﺠل ﺁﺨﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻋﻁﹶﻭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺭ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒل‪ .‬ﻭﺒﻘﻲ ﹸ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻴﺜﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻁﻭﻫﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻴﺜﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﻨﺯﻝﻭﺍ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﻤﻜﻨﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺤﻠﱡﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺘﺎﺭ ﻗﺴﻴ‪‬ﻬﻡ ﻓﺭﺒﻁﻭﻫﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻤﻌﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﻫﺫﺍ ﺃﻭل ﺍﻝﻐﹶﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺒﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﺤﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺭ‪‬ﺭﻭﻩ ﻭﻋﺎﻝﺠﻭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺼﺤﺒﻬﻡ ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻔﻌل ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻭﻩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﻭﺯﻴﺩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺒﺎﻋﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺸﺘﺭﻯ ﺨﺒﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺒﻨﻭ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻨﻁﻠﻘﻭﺍ ﺒ ﹸ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻨﻭﻓل ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺨﺒﻴﺏ ﻫﻭ ﻗﺘل ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺩﺭ ـ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻜﺙ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺃﺴﻴﺭﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭ ﻤﻭﺴ‪‬ﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺒﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ‬
‫ﻲ ﻝﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓ ‪‬ﺩﺭ‪‬ﺝ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺘﺎﻩ ﻓﻭﻀﻌﻪ‬
‫ﻝﻴﺴﺘﺤ ‪‬ﺩ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻋﺎﺭﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﻐﻔﻠﺕ ﻋﻥ ﺼﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﹶﻓﺯ‪‬ﻋﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﻋﺭﻑ ﺫﺍﻙ ﻤﻨﻲ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻴﺩﻩ ﻝﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺨﺫﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﺯﻋ ﹸ‬
‫ﺃﺘﺨﺸﹶﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻷﻓﻌل ﺫﻝﻙ ـ ﺇﻥ ﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ـ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺘﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻁ ﺨﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺨﹸﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻝﻘﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ ﻴﺄﻜل ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﻗﻁﹾﻑ ﻋﻨﺏ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ‬
‫ﺕ ﺃﺴﻴﺭﹰﺍ ﻗ ﱡ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻴ ﹸ‬
‫ﺜﻤﺭﺓﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻨﻪ ﹶﻝﻤ‪‬ﻭﺜﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﻻ ﺭﺯﻕ ﺭﺯﻗﻪ ﺍﷲ‪ .‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺭ‪‬ﻡ ﻝﻴﻘﺘﻠﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺩﻋﻭﻨﻲ ﺃﺼ ﱢل ﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺘل‬
‫ﻥ ﻤﺎ ﺒﻲ ﺠﺯﻉ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ ﻝﺯﺩﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺘﹶﺭﻭﺍ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻭ؛ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﺤﺼﻬﻡ ﻋﺩﺩﹰﺍ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻕ ﻜﺎﻥ ﷲ ﻤﺼﺭﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺸ ﹶ‬
‫ﻱ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺒﺎﻝﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺃُﻗﺘل ﻤﺴﻠﻤ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺸﻠﹾﻭ ﻤﻤﺯ‪‬ﻉ‬
‫ﻴﺒﺎﺭﻙ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﺼﺎل ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻹِﻝﻪ ﻭﺇِﻥ ﻴﺸﺄ‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺒﻌﺜﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﻝﻴ‪‬ﺅﺘﻭﺍ ﺒﺸﻲﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺠﺴﺩﻩ ﻴﻌﺭﻓﻭﻨﻪ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ‬
‫ﻅﻠﱠﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺒ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﻤﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺘل ﻋﻅﻴﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻅﻤﺎﺌﻬﻡ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺩﺭ ـ ﻓﺒﻌﺙ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﺜل ﺍﻝ ﹸ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺭﺴﻠﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻘﺩﺭﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻲﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ‬
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‫ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ـ ﻨﺤﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻜﺫﺍ ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺯﺍﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺤﺴﻥ ﺃﺴﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﺨﺒﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺯﺍﻕ ـ‬
‫ﻓﺫﻜﺭﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﹸﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻠﻴﺔ ـ ﻨﺤﻭﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺘﺎﺩﺓ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻀ‪‬ل ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﺭ‪‬ﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇِﻥ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﺇِﺴﻼﻤ ﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺒﻌﺙ‬
‫ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃُﺤﺩ ﺭﻫﻁ ﻤﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻨﻔﺭﹰﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻙ ﻴﻔﻘﱢﻬﻭﻨﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻘﺭﺅﻭﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻌﻠﱢﻤﻭﻨﻨﺎ ﺸﺭﺍﺌﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺒﻌﺙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﻨﻔﺭﹰﺍ ﺴﺘﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ـ ﻓﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇِﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺭﺠﹺﻴﻊ ـ ﻤﺎﺀ‪ِ ‬ﻝﻬ‪‬ﺩﻴل ﺒﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺼﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻬﺩ‪‬ﺃﺓ ـ ﻏﺩﺭﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺴﺘﺼﺭﺨﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻫﺫﻴﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ‪‬ﻴﺭ‪‬ﻉ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻏﺸﹸﻭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺨﺫﻭﺍ ﺃﺴﻴﺎﻓﻬﻡ ﻝﻴﻘﺎﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻴﻭﻑ ﻓﻘﺩ ﹶ‬
‫ﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺇﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﻗﺘﻠﻜﻡ ﻭﻝﻜﻨﱠﻨﺎ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺼﻴﺏ ﺒﻜﻡ ﺸﻴﺌ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻜﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻬﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻤﻴﺜﺎﻗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻨﻘﺘﻠﻜﻡ؛ ﻓﺄﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻤﺭﺜﺩ ﻭﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻝﺒ‪‬ﻜﻴﺭ ﻭﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻨﻘﺒل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺸﺭﻙ ﻋﻬﺩﹰﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻘﺩﹰﺍ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ‪.‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ﺃﺒﻴﺎﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎﺘل ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺘل؛ ﻭﻗﺘل ﺼﺎﺤﺒﺎﻩ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺘل ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕ ‪‬ﻫﺫﹶﻴل ﺃﺨﺫ‬
‫ﺭﺃﺴﻪ ﻝﻴﺒﻴﻌﻭﻩ ﻤﻥ ﺴ‪‬ﻼﻓﺔ ﺒﻨﺕ ﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ )ﺸﹸﻬﻴﺩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﺩ ﹶﻨﺫﹶﺭﺕ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺃﺼﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻥ ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻗﺤ‪‬ﻔﻪ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺭ؛ ﻓﻤﻨﻌﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺇﺒﻨﻬﺎ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺃُﺤﺩ‪ :‬ﻝﺌﻥ ﻗﹶﺩ‪‬ﺭﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﻝﺘﺸﺭﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺒ‪‬ﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺤﺎﻝﺕ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺒﻴﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﻤﺴﻲ ﻓﻴﺫﻫﺏ ﻋﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺄﺨﺫﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺒﻌﺙ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻓﺎﺤﺘﻤل ﻋﺎﺼﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻓﺫﻫﺏ ﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﻗﺩ ﺃﻋﻁﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻬﺩﹰﺍ‬
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‫ﺱ ﻤﺸﺭﻜ ﹰﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﺘﻨﺠ‪‬ﺴ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ ﺭﻀﻲ‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻤﺴ‪‬ﻪ ﻤﺸﺭﻙ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻴﻘﻭل ـ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺒﻠﻐﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺒ‪‬ﺭ ﻤﻨﻌﺘﻪ ـ‪ :‬ﻴﺤﻔﻅ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻥ‪ ،‬ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺱ ﻤﺸﺭﻜ ﹰﺎ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﻨﺫﺭ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻴﻤﺴﻪ ﻤﺸﺭﻙ ﻭﻻ ﻴﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﺎﺘﻪ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺍﻤﺘﻨﻊ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺜ‪‬ﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ـ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ـ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﹸ‬
‫ﻓﻼﻨﻭﺍ ﻭﺭﻗﱡﻭﺍ ﻭﺭﻏﺒﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻁﹶﻭﺍ ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﺄﺴﺭﻭﻫﻡ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻜﺔ ﻝﻴﺒﻴﻌﻭﻫﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺒﺎﻝﻅﱠﻬﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻨﺘﺯﻉ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻁﺎﺭﻕ ﻴﺩﻩ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻘﺭ‪‬ﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﺨﺫ ﺴﻴﻔﻪ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺄﺨﺭ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺭﻤ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﺒﺎﻝﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﺘﻠﻭﻩ‪ :‬ﻓﻘﺒﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺩ‪‬ﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺜ‪‬ﻨﺔ ﻓﻘﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﻤﺎ ﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺎﻋﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻅﻬﺭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﹸ‬
‫ﺤﺠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺇﻫﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﻴﻤﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺒﺄﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ‪‬ﻫﺫﹶﻴل ﻜﺎﻨﺎ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺒﺘﺎﻉ ﺨﺒﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩﺜ‪‬ﻨﺔ ﻓﺎﺒﺘﺎﻋﻪ ﺼﻔﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺃﻤﻴﺔ ﻝﻴﻘﺘﻠﻪ ﺒﺄﺒﻴﻪ؛ ﻓﺒﻌﺜﻪ ﻤﻊ ﻤﻭﻝﻰ ﻝﻪ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ‪‬ﻨﺴ‪‬ﻁﺎﺱ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝ ﱠﺘﻨﹾﻌﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻡ ﻝﻴﻘﺘﻠﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺭﻫﻁ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ـ ﺤﻴﻥ ﹸﻗﺩ‪‬ﻡ ﻝﻴﻘﺘل ـ ﺃﻨﺸﺩﻙ ﺒﺎﷲ‬
‫ﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻨﺎ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻙ ﻨﻀﺭﺏ ﻋﻨﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻨﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻫﻠﻙ‬
‫ـ ﻴﺎ ﺯﻴﺩ ـ ﺃﺘﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﺏ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻫﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺘﺼﻴﺒﻪ ﺸﻭﻜﺔ ﺘﺅﺫﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺏ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻨﻲ ﺠﺎﻝﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﻘﻭل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻴﺕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ ﻴﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﻤﺤﻤ ‪‬ﺩ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ‪‬ﻨﺴ‪‬ﻁﺎﺱ‪.‬‬
‫ﻜﺤ ‪‬‬
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‫ﺤﺩ‪‬ﺙ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺎ ﹺﻭﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﻱ ﻓﺤﺩﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﹶﻨﺠﹺﻴﺢ ﺃﻨﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﹸ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻻﺓ ﺤﺠﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺇﻫﺎﺏ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻗﺩ ﺃﺴﻠﻤﺕ ـ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻱ ﺨﺒﻴﺏ‬
‫ﺤﺒﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻘﺩ ﺍﻁﱠﻠﻌﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻴﻭﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻴﺩﻩ ﻝ ‪‬ﻘﻁﹾﻔ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺏ ﻤﺜل ﺭﺃﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻴﺄﻜل ﻤﻨﻪ؛ ﻭﻤﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻴﺅﻜل‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻭﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﺼﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻗﺘﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﹶﻨﺠﹺﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻲ ﺒﺤﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﺘﻁﻬ‪‬ﺭ ﺒﻨﺎ ﻝﻠﻘﺘل‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻻ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﻝﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺤﻀﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻘﺘل‪ :‬ﺇﺒﻌﺜﻲ ﺇﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺃﺩﺨلْ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻋﻁﻴﺕ ﻏﻼﻤ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﻭ ﺍﷲ! ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻭ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻝﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﻐﻼﻡ ﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺼﻨﻌﺕﹸ؟‬
‫ﻼ ﺒﺭﺠل‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﺎﻭﻝﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺎﺏ ـ ﻭﺍﷲ ـ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺜﺄﺭﻩ؛ ﻴﻘﺘل ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻐﻼﻡ؛ ﻓﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺃﺨﺫﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻌﻤﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﺨﺎﻓﺕ ﺃﻤﻙ ﻏﺩﺭﻱ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺒﻌﺜﺘﻙ ﺒﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﻐﻼﻡ ﺍﺒﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ‪‬؟ ﺜﻡ ﺨﻠﱠﻰ ﺴﺒﻴﻠﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ؛ ﻭﻴﻘﺎل ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﻋﺎﺼﻡ‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﺒ ﹸ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺅﻭﺍ ﺒﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﱠﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻝﻴﺼﻠﺒﻭﻩ ﻗﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻡ ﺃﻥ ﹶﺘﺩ‪‬ﻋﻭﻨﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺭﻜﻊ ﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻓﻌﻠﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻨﻙ ﻓﺎﺭﻜﻊ‪ .‬ﻓﺭﻜﻊ ﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ ﺃﺘﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺃﺤﺴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺃﻗﺒل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﻭﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻅﻨﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﱢﻲ ﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻁﻭ‪‬ﻝﺕ ﺠﺯﻋ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺘل ﻻﺴﺘﻜﺜﺭﺕ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻥ ﻫﺎﺘﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﻜﻌﺘﻴﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﺘل‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﹸ‬
‫ﻝﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺜﻡ ﺭﻓﻌﻭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﺸﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻭﺜﻘﻭﻩ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬﻡ ﺇِﻨﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﹼﻐﻨﺎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺩ‪‬ﺩﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻗﺘﻠﻬﻡ ﹺﺒﺩ‪‬ﺩﺍﹰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻠﱢﻐﻪ ﺍﻝﻐﺩﺍ ﹶﺓ ﻤﺎ ﻴ‪‬ﺼﻨﻊ ﺒﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﻝﻠﻬ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﺤﺼ‪‬ﻬﻡ ‪‬‬
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‫ﻭﻻ ﺘﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﺤﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺘﻠﻭﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﻴﻘﻭل‪ :‬ﺤﻀﺭﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻴﻭﻤﺌ ‪‬ﺫ ﻤﻊ ‪‬ﻤﻥ‪ ‬ﺤﻀﺭﻩ ﻤﻊ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻘﺩ ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ ﻴﻠﻘﻴﻨﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﹶﻓﺭ‪‬ﻗ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﻀﻁﺠﻊ ﻝﺠﻨﺒﻪ ﺯﻝﱠﺕ‬
‫ﻋ‪‬‬‫ﻥ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﺇﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﹸ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻤﻐﺎﺯﻱ ﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ؛ ﺃﻥ ﺨﺒﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺜﻨﹶﺔ ـ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺴ‪‬ﻤﻊ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻗﹸﺘﻼ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴﻘﻭل‪» :‬ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻜﻤﺎ ـ‬
‫ﻼ ﻓﻲ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ـ ﻗﹸﺘ ﹰ‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺏ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻪ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ«‪ .‬ﻭﺫﹸﻜﺭ ﺃﻨﱠﻬﻡ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺼﻠﺒﻭﺍ ﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺜﻨﹶﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ـ ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﹸ‬
‫ﺭﻤ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺒل ﻝﻴﻔﺘﻨﻭﻩ ﻋﻥ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺇﻻ ﺇِﻴﻤﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻭﺘﺴﻠﻴﻤ ﹰﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﻋﺭﻭﺓ ﻭﻤﻭﺴﻰ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺭﻓﻌﻭﺍ ﹸ‬
‫ﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩﹰﺍ ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻻ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻡ ﻤﺎ ﺃﺤﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺸﺒﺔ ﻨﺎﺩ‪‬ﻭﻩ ﻴﻨﺎﺸﺩﻭﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﺘﺤﺏ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻴﻔﺩﻴﻨﻲ ﺒﺸﻭﻜﺔ ﻴ‪‬ﺸﺎﻜﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺩﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺤﻜﻭﺍ ﻤﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺔ ﺯﻴﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺜﻨﹶﺔ ـ ﻓﺎﷲ ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺏ _ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺫﺭ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭﻭ )ﺍﻝﺴﺎﻋﺩﻱ( ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀ ﺭﻀﻲ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻔﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺴﺘﺔ ﻭﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ ﺸﻬﺭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻬﺠﺭﺓ ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﻭﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ _ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻴﻊ ‪.٥٠٤/١‬‬

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‫ﺒﻥ ﺤﺯﻡ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻗﺩﻡ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒ‪‬ﺭﺍﺀ ﻋﺎﻤ ‪‬ﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺒﻥ ﺠﻌﻔﺭ‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﻨﱠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺭﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ؛ ﻓﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻤ‪‬ﻼﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺭﺠﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻙ ﺇِﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻴﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﻝﻡ ‪‬ﻴﺒ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺩ )ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹِﺴﻼﻡ( ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺒﻌﺜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺃﻫل ﹶﻨﺠ‪‬ﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﻭﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻤﺭﻙ ﺭﺠﻭ ﹸﺕ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺴﺘﺠﻴﺒﻭﺍ ﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ » :‬ﺇﱐ ﺃﺧﺸﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒ‪‬ﺭﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﺎ ﻝﻬﻡ ﺠﺎﺭ‪ ) ،‬ﻓﺎﺒﻌﺜﻬﻡ ﻓﻠﹾﻴﺩﻋﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ‪‬ﻧﺠ‪‬ﺪ «‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻤﺭﻙ (‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﺒﺙ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺫﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺃﺨﺎ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ ـ ﺍﻝﻤﻌ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻕ ﻝﻴﻤﻭﺕ ـ‬

‫ﺼﻤ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺤ‪‬ﺭﺍﻡ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻼ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ؛ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺭﺠ ﹰ‬
‫ﺴﻠﹶﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬
‫‪‬ﻤﻠﹾﺤﺎﻥ ﺃﺨﻭ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺩﻱ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋ‪‬ﺭﻭﺓ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺼ‪‬ﻠﺕ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﺒﻥ ‪‬ﺒﺩ‪‬ﻴل ﺒﻥ ﻭﺭﻗﺎ ‪‬ﺀ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺍﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﹸﻓﻬ‪‬ﻴﺭﺓ ﻤﻭﻝﻰ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ ـ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ ـ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺠﺎ ﹴل ﻤﻥ ﺨﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪ .‬ﻓﺴﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺯﻝﻭﺍ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ـ ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻠﹶﻴﻡ ـ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﺯﻝﻭﻫﺎ ﺒﻌﺜﻭﺍ ﺤ‪‬ﺭﺍﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻤ‪‬ﻠﺤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺭ‪‬ﺓ ﺒﻨﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﱡﻔﻴل‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺘﺎﻩ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻨﻅﺭ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻋﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﺴﺘﺼﺭﺥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ؛ ﻓﺄﺒﻭﺍ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻴﺠﻴﺒﻭﻩ ﺇِﻝﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ )ﺇِﻝﻴﻪ( ﻭﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻝﻥ ﻨﺨﻔﺭ ﺃﺒﺎ ﺒﺭﺍﺀ ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﻘﺩ ﻝﻬﻡ ﻋﻘﺩﹰﺍ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭ ﹶﺫﻜﹾﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺠﺎﺒﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺼﻴ‪‬ﺔ ﻭ ﹺﺭﻋ‪ ‬ﹰ‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﹶﻴﻡ‪ :‬‬
‫ﻭﺠﻭﺍﺭﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺴﺘﺼﺭﺥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻗﺒﺎﺌل ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻏﺸﹸﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻓﺄﺤﺎﻁﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺤﺎﻝﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻭﻫﻡ ﺃﺨﺫﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﻭﺍ ﺤﺘﻰ ﹶ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻴﺎﻓﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﹸﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﻋﻥ ﺁﺨﺭﻫﻡ ـ ﻴﺭﺤﻤﻬﻡ ﺍﷲ ـ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ‬
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‫ﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺘﻠﻰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺯﻴﺩ ﺃﺨﺎ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺠﺎﺭ ﻓﺈﻨﻬﻡ ﺘﺭﻜﻭﻩ ﻭﺒﻪ ‪‬ﺭﻤ‪‬ﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺭ ﹸﺘ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﺵ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﹸﺘل ﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﺨﻨﺩﻕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﻤ‪‬ﺭﻱ ﻭﺭﺠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ‬

‫ﺴﺭ‪‬ﺡ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺃُﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻡ ﻴﻨﺒﺌﻬﻤﺎ ﺒﻤ‪‬ﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭ ﺘﺤﻭﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺴﻜﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎﻻ‪:‬‬
‫ﻥ ﻝﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺭ ﻝﺸﺄﻨﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﺒﻼ ﻝﻴﻨﻅﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻤﺎﺌﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺨﻴل ﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺇ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺼﺎﺒﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻝﻌﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺃُﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺘﺭﻯ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻠﺤ‪‬ﻕ‬
‫ﺒﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻨﺨﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺨﺒﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺍﻷﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﻝﻜﻨﻲ ﻤﺎ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻷﻏﺭﺏ ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺕ ﻝﺘﺨﺒﺭﻨﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﺘل ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻁﻥ ﻗﹸﺘل ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺫ ‪‬ﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﺎ ﻜﻨ ﹸ‬
‫ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺭﹰﺍ ﺃﺴﻴﺭﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺨﺒﺭﻫﻡ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻤ‪‬ﻀ ‪‬ﺭ ﺃﻁﻠﻘﻪ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻗﹸﺘل‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺫﻭﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﹼﻔﻴل‪ ،‬ﻭﺠ ‪‬ﺯ ﻨﺎﺼﻴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﺘﻘﻪ ﻋﻥ ‪‬ﺭﻗﹶﺒﺔ ﻜﻨﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃُﻤﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺯﻋﻡ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ‪ :‬ﻭﺭﺠﺎﻝﻪ ﺜﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇِﻝﻰ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‪ .‬ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻨﺱ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﻝﻙ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺤﺭﺍﻤ ﹰﺎ ـ‬

‫ﺨ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﺴﻠﹶﻴﻡ ـ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺭﺍﻜﺒﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻜﻴﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﻔﻴل ﹶ‬
‫ﺃﺨ ﹰﺎ ﻷﻡ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭ َل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺨﺼﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻙ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝﺴﻬل ﻭﻝﻲ ﺃﻫل ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤﺩ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﺨﻠﻴﻔﺘﻙ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻏﺯﻭﻙ ﺒﺄﻫل ﻏﻁﻔﺎﻥ ﺒﺄﻝﻑ ﻭﺃﻝﻑ‪ .‬ﻓﻁﹸﻌﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﻏﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﻜ ﹸﻐﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﻜﹾﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﺕ ﺇﻤﺭﺃﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺁل ﻓﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺌﺘﻭﻨﻲ ﺒﻔﺭﺴﻲ؛ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﹸ‬
‫ﺴﻠﹶﻴﻡ ـ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﺠل ﺃﻋﺭﺝ ﻭﺭﺠل ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻓﺭﺴﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﺤ‪‬ﺭﺍﻡ ـ ﺃﺨﻭ ﺃﻡ ‪‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٣٤‬‬
‫ﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﻭﻨﺎ ﻗﺭﻴﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺁﺘﻴﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺁﻤﻨﻭﻨﻲ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇِﻥ ﻗﺘﻠﻭﻨﻲ ﺃﺘﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻜﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﺘﹸﺅﻤﻨﻭﻨﻨﻲ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﺒﻠﱢﻎ ﺭﺴﺎﻝﺔ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﺠﻌل ﻴﺤﺩ‪‬ﺜﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭﻤﺌﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺇﻝﻰ ﺭﺠل‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺘﺎﻩ ﻨﺨﻠﻔﻪ ﻓﻁﻌﻨﻪ‪ .‬ـ ﻗﺎل ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﺤﺴﺒﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺃﻨﻔﺫﻩ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﻤﺢ ـ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻕ ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻭﺍ ﻜﻠﻬﻡ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺠﺒل‬
‫ﺤ ﹶ‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻓﹸﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻓﺯﺕ ﻭﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ـ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻨﺯل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺴﻭﺥ‪» :‬ﺇﻨﺎ ﻝﻘﺩ ﻝﻘﻴﻨﺎ ﺭﺒﻨﺎ ﻓﺭﻀﻲ ﻋﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺼﻴ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﻀﺎﻨﺎ«‪ .‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ ﺼﺒﺎﺤ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹺﺭﻋ‪‬ل‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﺫﻜﹾﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺒﻨﻲ ﻝﺤﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻋﺼﻭﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺭ‪‬ﺍﻡ ﺒﻥ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹾﺤﺎﻥ ـ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻨﺱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻝﻤﺎ ﻁﻌﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺨﺎﻝﻪ ـ ﻴﻭﻡ » ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ « ﻗﺎل ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻡ ﻫﻜﺫﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻀﺤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ ﻭﺭﺃﺴﻪ؛ ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺴﻠﹾﻤﻰ ﺍﻝﻜ‪‬ﻼﺒﻲ‪ .‬ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﺠﺒ‪‬ﺎﺭ ﺒﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﹸﻓﺯ‪‬ﺕ ﻭﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﺜﻡ ﺴﺄل ﺠﺒﺎﺭ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻭﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻝﻤﺎ ﻁﻌﻨﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﻤﺢ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﹸﻓﺯ‪ ‬ﹸ‬
‫»ﻓﺯﺕ«‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﻌﻨﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﺼﺩﻕ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺜﻡ ﺃﺴﻠﻡ ﺠﺒ‪‬ﺎﺭ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻝﺫﻝﻙ‪ .‬ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ )‪.(١‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ‪ ...‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ ﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﻤﺸﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺭﻯ ﺍﻝﺒﻼﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺭﻯ ﻤﺼﺭ ﻭﺠﺩﻭﺍ ﻜﺜﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﻭﺓ ﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻥ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﻠﻕ ﻻ ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺠﻴﺩ ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺤﺘﻰ ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺘﺤﺔ ﻜﺫﻝﻙ ﻫﺅﻻﺀ ﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺇﺨﻭﺍﻨﻨﺎ ﻓﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﻠﻤﻬﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻨﻤﺸﻰ ‪ ....‬ﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫﻡ ﻻ ﻴﻤﺸﻭﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻝﻴﺱ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩﻫﻡ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻨﺭﺴل ﺇﻝﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺎﻜﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻴﻭﺘﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻰ ﺒﻼﺩﻫﻡ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ _ ﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ‪.٥١١/١‬‬

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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٣٥‬‬
‫)‪(٣‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﻻﺳﺘﻄﻼﻉ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺸﺮﻛﲔ‬

‫ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﻗﺭﻴﺏ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺠﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻁﻥ ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺼﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﻌﺸﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ) :‬ﻭﺍﻑ ﻣﻊ‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻚ ﺳﻼﺣﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﻌﺜﻚ ﻭﺟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻭﺍﻓﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﺼﺒﺢ ﻭﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻭﺴﻲ ﻭﺴﻴﻔﻲ ﻭﺠﻌﺒﺘﻲ ﻭﻤﻌﻲ ﺩﺭﻗﺘﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﺼﺒﺢ ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺍﻨﺼﺭﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺩﻨﻲ ﻗﺩ ﺴﺒﻘﺕ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ ﺒﺎﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺠﺩ ﻨﻔﺭﺍ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﺨل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻤﺭﻩ ﻓﻜﺘﺏ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﺩﻋﺎﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻠﺘﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻋﻁﺎﻨﻲ ﺼﺤﻴﻔﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺩﻴﻡ ﺨﻭﻻﻨﻲ ﻭﻗﺎل‪) :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻣﺾ ﺣﱴ ﺇ ﺫﺍ ﺳﺮﺕ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﲔ ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﰊ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰒ ﺍﻣﺾ ﳌﺎ‬

‫ﺭﻛﺒﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ (‪ .‬ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ :‬ﺃﻱ ﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ ؟ ﻗﺎل‪) :‬ﺍﺳﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺪﻳﺔ ﺗﺆﻡ‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‪ :‬ﻭﺃﺭﺴل ﻤﻌﻪ ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﺭﻫﻁ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺎﺠﺭ ﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻝﻴﺱ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺃﻨﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﻫﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﺒﻭ ﺤﺫﻴﻔﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻜﺎﺸﺔ‬
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‫א
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‫ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﺼﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻏﺯﻭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺎﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻠﻴﺜﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺨﺎﻝﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺒﻜﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻬﻴل ﺒﻥ ﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺎﺌﺫ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺴﻬل ﺒﻥ ﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺫﻜﺭ ﺴﻬﻴﻼ ﻭﻻ ﺨﺎﻝﺩﺍ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻋﻜﺎﺸﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺍﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ‪ -‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﺴﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﻜﻴﺴﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺍﺒﻥ ﺴﻌﺩ‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﺍﺜﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺭ )ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻬﺎﺠﺭﻴﻥ( ﻜل ﺍﺜﻨﻴﻥ ﻴﻌﺘﻘﺒﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻌﻴﺭﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﺒﺴﻨﺩ ﺤﺴﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺯ ﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺒﻴﺵ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ( ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻭل ﺭﺍﻴﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺭﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻨﻁﻠﻕ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﻥ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ) :‬ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﲑ ﻣﻌﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻣﺾ ﻷﻣﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﻚ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺑﻄﻦ ﳔﻠﺔ ﻓﺘﺮﺻﺪ ﻏﲑ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻟﻨﺎ‬
‫(‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﻅﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺴﻤﻌﺎ ﻭﻁﺎﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺭﺃﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺒﺎﺭﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎل‪) :‬ﻗﺩ ﺃﻤﺭﻨﻲ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻤﻀﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﺃﺭﺼﺩ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻗﺭﻴﺸﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺁﺘﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺒﺨﺒﺭ( ﻭﻗﺩ ﻨﻬﺎﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺴﺘﻜﺭﻩ ﺃﺤﺩﺍ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻥ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻴﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﻴﺭﻏﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻁﻠﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻥ ﻜﺭﻩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻠﻴﺭﺠﻊ‪ ) .‬ﻓﺄﻤﺎ ﺃﻨﺎ ﻓﻤﺎﺽ ﻷﻤﺭ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ (‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ ﺃﺠﻤﻌﻭﻥ‪) :‬ﻨﺤﻥ ﺴﺎﻤﻌﻭﻥ ﻤﻁﻴﻌﻭﻥ ﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻭﻝﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺒﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﷲ(‪ .‬ﻓﺴﺎﺭ ﻭﻤﻌﻪ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻝﻡ ﻴﺘﺨﻠﻑ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺃﺤﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻠﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻝﺤﺠﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺤﺘﻰ‬
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‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺒﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺒﻤﻌﺩﻥ ﻓﻭﻕ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻉ ﻴﻘﺎل ﻝﻪ ﺒﺤﺭﺍﻥ ﺃﻀل ﺴﻌﺩ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻏﺯﻭﺍﻥ ﺒﻌﻴﺭﺍ ﻝﻬﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺎ ﻴﻌﺘﻘﺒﺎﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺨﻠﻔﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻁﻠﺒﻪ ﻴﻭﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﺸﻬﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺒﻌﺩﻫﻡ ﺒﺄﻴﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻤﻀﻰ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺯل ﺒﻨﺨﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻤﺭﺕ ﺒﻪ ﻋﻴﺭ ﻝﻘﺭﻴﺵ ﺘﺤﻤل ﺯﺒﻴﺒﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﻤﺎ ﻭﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﺠﺎﺅﻭﺍ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻁﺎﺌﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺯﻭﻤﻲ ﻭﺃﺨﻭﻩ ﻨﻭﻓل ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻴل ﺒل ﺃﺨﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻤﻭﻝﻰ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺁﻫﻡ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺭ ﻫﺎﺒﻭﻫﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻨﻜﺭﻭﺍ ﺃﻤﺭﻫﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻨﺯﻝﻭﺍ ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺤﻠﻕ ﻋﻜﺎﺸﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻤﺤﺼﻥ ﺭﺃﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻴل‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺜﻡ ﻭﺍﻓﻰ ﻝﻴﻁﻤﺌﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻭﻩ ﻗﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺒﺄﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﻭﻡ ﻋﻤﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻤﻨﻭﺍ ﻭﻗﻴﺩﻭﺍ ﺭﻜﺎﺒﻬﻡ ﻭﺴﺭﺤﻭﻫﺎ ﻭﺼﻨﻌﻭﺍ ﻁﻌﺎﻤﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺸﺘﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺭﻫﻡ ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻴﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺭﺠﺏ ﻭﻴﻘﺎل ﺃﻭل ﻴﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﻴل ﻓﻲ ﺁﺨﺭ‬
‫ﻴﻭﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺠﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻓﺸﻜﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺃﻫﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ ؟ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻝﺌﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻝﻴﺩﺨﻠﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻡ ﻓﻠﻴﻤﺘﻨﻌﻥ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ﺒﻪ ﻭﻝﺌﻥ‬
‫ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻤﻭﻫﻡ ﻝﺘﻘﺘﻠﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺘﺭﺩﺩ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻭﻫﺎﺒﻭﺍ ) ﺍﻹﻗﺩﺍﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ (‪ .‬ﺜﻡ‬
‫ﺸﺠﻌﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺠﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺘل ﻤﻥ ﻗﺩﺭﻭﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﺃﺨﺫ ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﺭﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ) ﺍﻝﺘﻤﻴﻤﻲ ( ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﻤﻲ ﺒﺴﻬﻡ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺸﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ ﻓﺄﺴﺭﻭﺍ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‪،‬‬
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‫ﻭﺃﻋﺠﺯ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻨﻭﻓل ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻘﻭل ﺃﻨﻪ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻤﻥ ﻗﺎل ﺃﻥ ﻨﻭﻓﻼ ﻝﻡ ﻴﻜﻥ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﻬﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻴﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺤﺎﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﺯل ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﻝﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺨﻤﺱ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺴﻡ ﺴﺎﺌﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭل ﺨﻤﺱ ﺨﻤﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭل ﻏﻨﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭل ﻗﺘﻴل ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭل ﺃﺴﻴﺭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻴﺴﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻗﺒل ﺃﻥ ) ﻴﻔﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺱ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺎﻨﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺤل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻔﺊ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺃ ﻤﺭ ﺒﻘﺴﻤﻪ ﻭﻓﺭﺽ ﺍﻝﺨﻤﺱ ﻓﻴﻪ ( ﻭﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺼﻨﻊ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠﻙ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‪ :‬ﺒل ﻗﺩﻤﻭﺍ ﺒﺎﻝﻐﻨﻴﻤﺔ ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﺒﺴﻨﺩ ﺤﺴﻥ ﻋﻥ ﺯﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺤﺒﻴﺵ
ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺃﻭل ﻤﺎل ﺨﻤﺱ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ‪ .‬ﺜﻡ ﺴﺎﺭ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‪،‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺩﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎل‪ ) :‬ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﺗﻜﻢ ﺑﻘﺘﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻭﻗﻑ ﺍﻝﻌﻴﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﻭﺃﺒﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻴﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺸﻴﺌﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻴﻘﺎل ﺇﻥ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻗﻑ ﻏﻨﺎﺌﻡ ﺃﻫل ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﺭﺠﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺒﺩﺭ ﻓﻘﺴﻤﻬﺎ ﻤﻊ ﻏﻨﺎﺌﻡ ﺃﻫل ﺒﺩﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻁﻰ‬
‫ﻜل ﻗﻭﻡ ﺤﻘﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺫﻝﻙ ﺴﻘﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻴﺩﻱ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﻭﻅﻨﻭﺍ ﺃﻨﻬﻡ ﻗﺩ ﻫﻠﻜﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻨﻔﻬﻡ ﺇﺨﻭﺍﻨﻬﻡ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺼﻨﻌﻭﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝﺕ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ‪ :‬ﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺤل ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﻔﻜﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﺩﻤﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺨﺫﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍل‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺴﺭﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﳑﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﲟﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﳕﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪) :‬‬
‫ﺷﻌﺒﺎﻥ( ؟ ﻭﻗﺎل ﻴﻬﻭﺩ ﺘﻔﺎﺀل ﺒﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﰲ‬
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‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٣٩‬‬
‫)ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﻤﻲ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ :‬ﻋﻤﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻀﺭﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺤﻀﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺍﻗﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩﺕ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺏ(‪ .‬ﻓﺠﻌل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺴﹶﺄﻟﹸﻮ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻻ ﻝﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻨﺯل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺴﻭﻝﻪ ‪ } :‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺳﺒﹺﻴ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺤﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﻡ ‪‬ﻗﺘ‪‬ﺎ ﹴﻝ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻗﺘ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻝ ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛﹺﺒ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻬ ﹺﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻔ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﺔ‬
‫ﺤﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﻡ ‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ ‪‬ﺧﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﹺ‬‫َ ﹸﻛ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﺒ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻞ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺰ‪‬ﺍﻟﹸﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻘﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗﻠﹸﻮ‪‬ﻧ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋ‪‬ﻦ ﺩ‪‬ﻳﹺﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺇ ‪‬ﻥ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﹸﺄ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶـ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺘﻄﹶﺎﻋ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺩ ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋ‪‬ﻦ ﺩ‪‬ﻳﹺﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻧﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻵ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺓ ‪‬ﻭﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶـ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺣﹺﺒ ﹶﻄ ‪‬‬
‫{)‪ .(١‬ﺃﻱ ﺇﻥ ﻜﻨﺘﻡ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺼﺩﻭﻜﻡ ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻓ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺧ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟﺪ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺭ ﺒﻪ ﻭﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﺨﺭﺍﺠﻜﻡ ﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﺃﻨﺘﻡ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺩ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻴﻔﺘﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫)ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻔ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻞ(‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺘل ﻤﻥ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻡ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻴﻨﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺭﺩﻭﻩ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺭ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﻪ ﻓﺫﻝﻙ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺘل‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺭﺝ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻔﻕ ﻗﺒﺽ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻝﻐﻨﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺨﻤﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٢١٧‬‬

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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻌﺜﺕ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻗﺭﻴﺵ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺩﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪" :‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺪﻳﻜﻤﻮﻫﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻧﺎ ‪ -‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻭﻗﺎﺹ ﻭﻋﺘﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻴﻜﻢ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ﻏﺰﻭﺍﻥ ‪ -‬ﻓﺈﻧﺎ ﳔﺸﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﺘﻠﻮﳘﺎ ﻧﻘﺘﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺩﻡ ﺴﻌﺩ ﻭﻋﺘﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻓﺩﻯ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺍﻷﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺫﻝﻙ ﺒﺄﺭﺒﻌﻴﻥ ﺃﻭﻗﻴﺔ ﻜل‬
‫ﺃﺴﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ﻭﺤﺴﻥ ﺇﺴﻼﻤﻪ ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻗﺘل ﻴﻭﻡ ﺒﺌﺭ ﻤﻌﻭﻨﺔ ﺸﻬﻴﺩﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻤﺎ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻠﺤﻕ ﺒﻤﻜﺔ ﻓﻤﺎﺕ ﻜﺎﻓﺭﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﻭﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻁﻤﻌﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺠﺭ ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﻁﻤﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻝﻨﺎ ﻏﺯﻭﺓ ﻨﻌﻁﻰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫}ﹺﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺁ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻮﹾﺍ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺠﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻫﺩﻴﻥ( ؟ ﻓﺄﻨﺯل ﺍﷲ ﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬

‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺳﺒﹺﻴ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶـ‪‬ﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻢ {)‪ (١‬ﻓﻭﻀﻌﻬﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻅﻡ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎﺀ)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭﺣ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻏﻔﹸﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻭﺤﺩﺙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺎ ﺤﺩﺙ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺩﻋﻭﺓ – ﺭﻓﻀﻭﺍ – ﺠﺯﻴﺔ – ﺭﻓﻀﻭﺍ – ﻗﺘﺎل‬
‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ ﻜﻡ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻴﻨﻁﺒﻕ ﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ؟‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٢١٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺤﺵ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺒﻁﻥ ﻨﺨﻠﺔ ‪.٢٨ /٦‬‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ‪..‬ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺘﺫﻫﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻤﺭﻴﻜﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺴﻴﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﺩﻋﻭﻨﻬﻡ ﻭﻴﻌﺭﻓﻭﻥ ﺃﺤﻭﺍﻝﻬﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺘﻌﻠﻤﻭﻥ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺱ ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺘﻜﻠﻴﻑ ﻝﻠﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ؟‬
‫‪ .....‬ﺴﻨﺔ ﻤﺅﻜﺩﺓ ‪ .‬ﻋﻥ ﺒﻼل ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﻤﺯ‪‬ﻨﻲ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ " :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﹶﺣﻴﺎ ﺳﻨ‪‬ﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨ‪‬ﱵ ﻗﺪ ﺃﹸﻣﻴﺘﺖ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺟﻮﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺃﹶﻥ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻮﺭﻫﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﻉ ﺑﺪﻋﺔ ﺿﻼﻟﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺿﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹِﰒ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺁﺛﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪‬ﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ«)‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺯﺍﺭﻫﻢ‬
‫‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻤﺎﺠﻪ ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻨﺤﻭ‪‬ﻩ ﻋﻥ ﻜﹶﺜﻴﺭ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﺭﻭ ﻋﻥ ﺃَﺒﻴـﻪ ﻋـﻥ‬
‫ﺠﺩﻩ ) ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻭﺇﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﺨﻠﻔﺎﺌﻪ ‪.(٦/١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٢‬‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺇﺻﻼ ﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻧﻰ إﺻﻼح اﻟﻧﻔس ؟‬

‫ﻨﻔﺱ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺏ ﻭﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ‪ ،‬ﺇﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ ﺒﺎﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﺨﻴﺭ ﻤﺎ ﻭﻗﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ ﺒﺈﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﺅﺍل ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺃﺨﺭﺘﻪ ﻵﺨﺭ ﺤﺩﻴﺜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻝﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻝﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﻝﻺﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻘﲔ ﺃﻳﻦ ﳏﻠﻬﻢ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤــﺎﻥ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻏﻴﺒﻰ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻏﻴـﺭ ﻤﺭﺌـﻰ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻫـﻭ ﺍﻝﺘﺼـﺩﻴﻕ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻷﻤﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻠﻤﻭﺴﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻋﺭﻓـﻪ ﺍﻝﺭﺴـﻭل ﺒﻘﻭﻝـﻪ ‪" :‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻭﻣﻼﺋﻜﺘﻪ ﻭﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﻭﺭﺳﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮ ﻭﺗـﺆﻣﻦ‬

‫‪ ) " ..‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻤﺴﻠﻡ ‪ -‬ﻋﻥ ﻋﻤﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ ( )‪. (١‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﺧﲑﻩ ﻭﺷﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺒﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ﻭﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩ ‪ ..‬ﻓﺎﷲ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺒل ﺇﻴﻤـﺎﻥ ﻓﺭﻋـﻭﻥ –‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻠﻌﻨﺔ – ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻴﻘﺒل ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺁﺨﺭ ﺍﻝﺯﻤـﺎﻥ ﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺘﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ )ﻁﻠﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻐﺭﺒﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺒﺔ … ﺍﻝﺦ ( ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ ‪ -‬ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﺼـ ‪.٧٢‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٣‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ‪ ..‬ﻜﻤﺎ ﻤﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺤﺼﻴﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻝﺩ ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭل ﺍﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺼﺩﻴﻕ ﺒﺎﻝﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺒﻲ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﺒﺄﺭﺒﻊ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺘﺠﻌﻠﻨﻲ ﺃﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﺸـﺊ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﻠﻤﻭﺱ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺴﻤﻭﻉ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺎﺩﻱ ‪.‬‬
‫الوسيلة األولي‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺏ ﻤﺭﺍﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻭﻝﺩ ﺍﻝﺼﻐﻴﺭ ﻋﺭﻑ ﺃﺒﺎﻩ ﺒﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺴﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻫﻭ ﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﺩﻝﻴل ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻝﻴل ﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪ ..‬ﻓﻜﺜﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻉ ﻋﻥ ﺃﻤﺭ ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺘﺠﻌل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ..‬ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﻡ ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﻭﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻒ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬
‫ ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﻗﻡ ﻴﻨﺯل ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﻲ ﻴﻘﺭﺃ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‬
‫ﹺﺑﻌ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ )‪.(١‬ﻤﻴﻥ ؟ ﺭﺒﻙ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﺘﺩﻋﻭ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻜﺒﺭﻴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻨﻅﺭ ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﹾﻟﻔ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻞ * ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ﹺ‬
‫ﻚ ﹺﺑﹶﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻌل‪ } :‬ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺓ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺳﺠ‪‬ﻴ ﹴﻞ‬
‫ﻀﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹴﻞ * ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﺎﺑﹺﻴ ﹶﻞ * ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﻣ‪‬ﻴﻬﹺﻢ ﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻝ{‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﺄﻛﹸﻮ ﹴ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫*ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ– ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٦‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﻴﻠﺭ– ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪.٥ :١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٤‬‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹺﺑﻌ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ؟ ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ ﹶﺃﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫)‪.(٢‬‬
‫ﻚ ﹶﻟﺒﹺﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺻ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻥ‬
‫)‪.(٣‬‬
‫ﻝ ﹼﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺮﹺﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﹲ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺇ ﹼﻥ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺪ )‪ -.(٤‬ﺭﺒﻙ ﻭﺭﺒﻙ – ﺒﺱ ﻴﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ ﺒﺭﺒﻭﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ‬

‫ﺸﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺶ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻥ ‪‬ﺑ ﹾﻄ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻭﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺭﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻴﺤﺘﺎﺠﻬﺎ ﻜل ﺇﻨﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻝﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻜﻴﻑ ﺭﺒﻰ‬
‫ﻗﻭﻯ ﻜﻴﻑ ﺭﺒﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻙ ﻗﻭﻡ ﻓﺭﻋﻭﻥ ﻭﻫﺎﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺜﻤﻭﺩ ﻭﻗﻭﻡ ﻋﺎﺩ ﻭﻜﻴﻑ ﺃﻫﻠﻙ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﻴل ؟ ﺃﻻ ﻴﻬﻠﻙ ﺃﺒﻰ ﺠﻬل ﻭﺃﺒﻰ ﻝﻬﺏ ! ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ ﺒﻥ‬
‫ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ ﻋﻥ ﺤﻨﻅﺔ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﺍﻷﺴﻴﺩﻱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﹸﻜﺘﱠﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ـ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﻨﹼﺎ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﺫﻜﺭﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻜﺎﻨﺎ ﺭﺃﻱ ﻋﻴﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﻤﺕ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻲ ﻭﻭﻝﺩﻱ ﻓﻀﺤﻜﺕ ﻭﻝﻌﺒﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻜﻨﱠﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺭﺠﺕ ﻓﻠﻘﻴﺕ‬
‫ﺕ ﻴﺎ ﺃﺒﺎ ﺒﻜﺭ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻭﻡ ﺫﺍﻙ؟ ﻗﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺃﺒﺎ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‪ :‬ﻨﺎﻓﻘ ﹸ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻴﺫﻜﱢﺭﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ﻜﺄﻨﱠﺎ ﺭﺃﻱ ﻋﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺨﺭﺠﻨﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻩ ﻋﺎﻓﺴﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻀﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﺴﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺃﺒﻭ ﺒﻜﺭ‪ :‬ﺇﻨﱠﺎ ﻝﻨﻔﻌل ﺫﻝﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺘﻴﺕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‬
‫ﻓﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﻝﻪ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ":‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﻨﻈﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻮ ﻛﻨﺘﻜﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻮﻥ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪. ٦‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ– ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٤‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﻭﺩ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٠٧‬‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺒﺭﻭﺝ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٢‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٥‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻱ ﻟﺼﺎﻓﺤﺘﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮﺷﻜﻢ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﻨﻈﻠﺔ‪،‬‬

‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻜﺫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﻋﺔ«‬
‫) ﺤﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ( ﻜﺄﻨﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻋﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﻜﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺴﻤﺎﻉ ﺘﺼﺒﺢ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﻟﻀﺤﻜﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪" :‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﻠﱠﻢ‬

‫ﻭﻟﺒﻜﻴﺘﻢ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻓﻐﻄﻰ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﻢ ﻭﳍﻢ ﺧﻨﲔ‬
‫‪ .‬ﻤ ﱠﺘ ﹶﻔﻕﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺒﻠﻎ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻥ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ ﺸﻲﺀ ﻓﺨﻁﺏ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻋﺮﺿﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺃﺭ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻼ ﻭﻟﺒﻜﻴﺘﻢ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻀﺤﻜﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻟﱠﻠﻪ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﻠﱠﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺃﺷﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻏﻄﻮﺍ ﺭﺅﻭﺳﻬﻢ ﻭﳍﻢ ﺧﻨﲔ)‪.(٢‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺼﻨﻌﻭﺍ ﻭﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺼﻨﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ؟ ﻜﻠﻬﻡ ﻏﻁﻭﺍ ﻭﺠﻭﻫﻡ ﻭﻝﻬﻡ ﺨﻨﻴﻥ ‪ .‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻴﻨﻬﻡ ؟ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺘﺼﺩﻴﻘﻬﻡ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﻤﻌﻭﻥ؟ ﺒﺴﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﻝﻐﻴﺏ ﻤﺭﺍﺭﹰﺍ ﻭﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭﹰﺍ ﻴﺼﺒﺢ‬
‫ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩ ﻓﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻰ ﻝﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺠﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ‪./٢‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺹ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺨﻭﻑ ﺼـ ‪.٢٠١‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٦‬‬
‫الوسيلة الثانية ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﻨﺎ ﺃﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﷲ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺯﻕ ‪ ..‬ﺍﷲ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻔﻌـﺎل ‪ ..‬ﻻ ﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺭﺒﻰ ﺒﻜـل ﺸـﺊ‬ ‫ﻝﻘﻀﺎﺌﻪ‪ ..‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ﱢﻘ ‪‬ﺏ ِﻝ ‪‬ﺤﻜﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻪ ‪..‬ﺇﻥ ﺭﺒﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻜل ﺸﺊ ﻗﺩﻴﺭ‪..‬‬
‫ﺤﻔﻴﻅ ‪ ..‬ﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭل ﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﻔﻴﺩ ﻤﻨـﻪ ﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﻭﻯ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫الوسيلة الثالثة‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺒﺫل ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺭﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺃﺠل ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻤﺼـﻌﺏ ﺒـﻥ ﻋﻤﻴـﺭ‬
‫ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺫﻫﺏ ﻝﻠﺤﺒﺸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻤﺎ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻝﻜﻥ ﺠﻬـﺩ ﺘﺤﻤـل‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺠﻊ ﻭﻴﺩﺍﻩ ﺨﺸﻨﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻼﺒﺱ ﺘﻤﺯﻗﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻﺒﺱ ﺠﻠﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﺵ ﻝﻤﺎ ﺸـﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﻰ ﺘﺫﻜﺭ ﺤﺎﻝﻪ ﻗﺒل ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﺜﻡ ﻗﺎل ‪ " :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫" ‪ .‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﺘﻨﻭﺭ ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺭ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺼﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﲑ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻥ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﺒﻥ ﻜﻌﺏ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻅﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺤﺩﺜﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺴﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻁﺎﻝﺏ‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﺇﻨﺎ ﻝﺠﻠﻭﺱ ﻤﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻁﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻤﺼﻌﺏ ﺒﻥ ﻋﻤﻴـﺭ‪ ،‬ﻤـﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺒﺭﺩﺓ ﻤﺭﻗﻭﻋﺔ ﺒﻔﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺁﻩ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﺒﻜﻰ ﻝﻠﺫﻱ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻱ ﻫﻭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ‪ " :‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﺒﻜﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻏﺩﺍ ﺃﺤﺩﻜﻡ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺍﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﻀﻌﺕ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻴﺩﻴﻪ ﺼﺤﻔﺔ ﻭﺭﻓﻌﺕ ﺃﺨﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺴﺘﺭﺘﻡ ﺒﻴـﻭﺘﻜﻡ‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٧‬‬
‫ﻜﻤﺎ ﺘﺴﺘﺭ ﺍﻝﻜﻌﺒﺔ؟" ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ! ﻨﺤﻥ ﻴﻭﻤﺌﺫ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻤﻨـﺎ ﺍﻝﻴـﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻨﺘﻔـﺭﻍ‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﻝﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻜﻔﻲ ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ ":‬ﻻ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻨﺘﻡ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻤﻨﻜﻡ ﻴﻭﻤﺌﺫ"‪.‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬
‫الوسيلة الرابعة‪:‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﺃﻡ‬

‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺀ ‪ :‬ﻋﻥ ﺸﻬﺭ ﺒﻥ ﺤﻭﺸﺏ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺕ ﻷﻡ ﺴﻠﻤﺔ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻠﱠﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺩﻙ؟ ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﹶﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ ﻤﺎ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﻠﱠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﱢﺭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﺩﻋﺎﺌﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻗﻠﱯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨﻚ‬
‫ﺴﻥ‪.(٢)‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺩ‪‬ﻴﺙﹲ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺒﻌﺔ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﻝﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻯ ﻭﺍﺤﺩﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﺘﺴﻤﻊ ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ) ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ – ﺤﻠﻘـﻪ‬
‫ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻀﺤﻰ – ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻅﻬﺭ – ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺼﺭ – ﻜﻼﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺓ – ﻜـﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻝﺔ – ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ‪ .‬ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴﻤﻊ ﻴﺭﺴﺦ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ(‪ – .‬ﺍﻝﻭﺴـﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﺓ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻤﻊ ﻤﺭﺓ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ – ﻤﺘﻜﻠﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﻝﺔ– ﻋﻠﻴـﻙ ﺍﻝﺒﻴـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ – ﻋﻠﻴﻙ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﻌـﺩﻴﻥ ) ﺍﻝﻭﺴـﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜـﺔ ( ﺼـﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﺠﻬـﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ ‪ .‬ﻤﻥ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﻴﺠﻌل ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﻜﺎﻝﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ‪ .‬ﻭ) ﻤﻥ ﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﻴﻘـﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻭ ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ( ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ) ﺍﻝﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ ( ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺨـﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜـﺭﺍﻡ ﻗـﺎل ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺭﻗﺎﻕ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ‪.١٤٧٤/٣‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ ﺼـ ‪.٥٠٨‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٨‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ ‪ ) :‬ﺛﻼﺙ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﺴـﺘﺠﺒﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺷـﻚ ﻓـﻴﻬﻦ ‪،‬‬

‫)‪ . ((١‬ﺜﻼﺙ ﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻮﺓﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻭﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﻈﻠﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻻ ﻤﺤﺎﻝﺔ ﻓﺄﻨﺕ ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﺃﻨﺕ ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺭ ﻝﻙ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺤﺘﻤـ ﹰﺎ ﺒـﻨﺹ‬
‫ﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺠﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻝﻺﻴﻤﺎﻥ _ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻜﺒﺭ – ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻝﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻹﺼﻼﺡ ﺍﻝﻘﻠﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ﺜﻡ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﻁﻌﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﻨﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﺨـﻼﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻝﺨـﺭﻭﺝ ﻭﺍﻝـﺩﺨﻭل ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻴﻌﻨﻰ ﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻝﻴﺱ ﻨﻅﺭﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺘﻨﻁﺒﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻋﻀـﺎﺀﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻨﺎ ﻻ ﺘﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻨﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﺨﺭﺝ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻝﻭ ﺤﻔﻅﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻨﺤﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻘﻭل‬
‫ﻼ ﻝﻭ ﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺤﺩ ﻴﺴـﻭﻕ‬
‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻨﻘﻭل ﻭﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ ﹰﺎ ﻨﻨﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﻝﻜﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ ﺘﻌﻭﺩﺕ‪ ،‬ﻤﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺠﻠﺱ )‪ (١٠‬ﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺎﻕ ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺜﻡ ﺠﺎﺒﻭﺍ ﻝﻪ ﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻴﺴﻭﻗﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻤﺸﻰ‪ ،‬ﻷﻥ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﻋﺭﻓﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺠﻠﻪ ﺘﻌﻤل ﺃﻴﻪ ؟ ﻭﺍﻝﻴﺩ ﺘﻌﻤل ﺃﻴـﻪ ؟ ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺭﻴـﺩ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻥ – ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪ -‬ﺘﻨﻁﺒﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻨﺎ ﻭﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀﻨﺎ ﺤﻴﺙ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻨـﺎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻨﺨﻁﺊ ﻻ ﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﺭﺡ ﺘﻌﻭﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻝﻙ ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺇﺼﻼﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻔﺱ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻻﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﺼﻠﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺴﻠﻡ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ _ ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺍﺕ ﺼـ ‪.٦٩٥/٢‬‬

‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٤٩‬‬
‫ﻋﻄﺎء ﺍﷲ ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ‬

‫‪ -١‬ﲢﺼﻴﻞ اﻟﻬﺪاﻳـﺔ ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﹼﻟﺬ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ ﻓ‪‬ﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺳ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺴﹺﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤِ‬‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹺﺇ ﹼﻥ ﺍﻟﹼﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﲢﺼﻴﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ اﻷﺟـﻮر‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ‪ ):‬ﻃﻮﰉ ﳌﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺒﻌﻮﻥ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺃﺿﻌﺎﻑ ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﺠﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻭﺍﺏ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﷲ‪ :‬ﻋﻥ ﺃﻨﺱ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻗﳰﺔ اﻷﻋﲈل اﻟﱵ ﺗﺼﺎﺣﺐ اﳋﺮوج ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪-٣‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺴﻠﱠﻡ ﻗﺎل‪ " :‬ﻟﻐﺪﻭﺓ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﺔ ﺧﲑ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ" ﻤﺘﻔﻕ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ‪‬ﻪ)‪ .(٢‬ﻝﻴﺱ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻘﺘﺎل ﻓﻘﻁ ﺃﺒـﺩﹰﺍ ﺒـل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﺒﻭﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻀل ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻲ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻭﺫﻜﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻘـﺩﻡ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻲ ﻝﻠﻤﺴﺠﺩ ﻜﺎﻝﻤﺸﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ – ﻓﻜﻴﻑ ﺍﻝﻤﺸﻲ ﻝﻠـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝـﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻗـﺎل‪ ،‬ﻗـﺎل‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ! ﻭﻋﻥ ﺃﺒﻲ ﻋﺒﺱ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺒﻥ ﺠﺒﺭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻨﻜﺒﻭﺕ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٦٩‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺹ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺼـ ‪.٤٥٦‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٥٠‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻏﱪﺕ ﻗﺪﻣﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ ﻓﺘﻤﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻱ)‪ ، .(١‬ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﻜل ﻋﻤل ﻴﺭﺘﺠﻰ ﺒﻪ ﻭﺠﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻴﺭﺘﺠﻰ ﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﺠﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺜـﻭﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺒﺨﹶﺎ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‬

‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﺭﺘﺠﻰ ﺒﻪ ﺃﻋﻼﺀ ﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺯ ﻭﺠل ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻥ ﺃﻨﺱ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ " :‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﺮﺝ ﰲ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠـﻪ‬
‫ﺴﻥ‪ .(٢)‬ﻓﺎﻝﺫﻱ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺘﻌﺘﺒـﺭ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺩ‪‬ﻴﺙﹲ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ ‪‬ﻭﻗﹶﺎ َل ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺘﱢﺭ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣﱴ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺩﻤﺎﻩ ﻻ ﺘﻤﺴﻪ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻝﺫﻱ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﺼل ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﻭﺒﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻌﻠـﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻰ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺠﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﺜﻭﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺍﷲ ؟‬
‫‪ :‬ﺍﻜﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺴﺕ ﺍﻝﺘﻲ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﺗﺪرﻳﺐ ﻋﲇ ﲻﻞ ادلﻋﻮة‬
‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺘﺄﺘﻰ ﻋﻨﺩﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺸﻔﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻭﺍﻀﻊ ﻝﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻨﻜﺘﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠـﻲ‬
‫ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ﻝﻥ ﺘﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺼﻔﺎﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺸﺨﺹ ﺒﻌﺩﻩ ﺃﺒﺩﹰﺍ ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺼﻔﺎﺘﻪ ﺯﺭﻋﺕ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺠﻠﺴﻨﺎ ﻤﻊ ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺄﺨﺫ ﻤﻥ ﻫـﺫﻩ ﺍﻷﻓـﺭﺍﺩ ﺒﻌـﺽ‬
‫ﺼﻔﺎﺘﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻜﺘﺴﺒﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻌﺎﻴﺸﺘﻬﻡ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻤﻌﻬﻡ ﻓﻜﺄﻥ ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺒﻌﺽ ﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺭﻴﺎﺹ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺼـ ‪.٤٦٠‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴﺎﺹ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ _ ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ ﺼـ ‪.٤٧٩‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٥١‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﹾ ‪‬ﻪ ‪ -‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎ َل‬

‫ﻲ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀ‪‬‬‫ﺱ ‪ -‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻥ‪َ ‬ﺃ ﹶﻨ ﹴ‬
‫ ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‪ :‬‬ ‫‪ _٥‬إﺣﻴﺎء ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻨـﱯ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺼﹺﺒ ‪‬ﺢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻠﱠﻰ ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺴﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻡ ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫ﻝِﻲ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺶ ‪‬ﻟﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﻓﹶﺎ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ‪ ،‬ﹸﺛ ‪‬ﻢ ﻗﹶﺎ ﹶﻝ ‪ " :‬ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻏ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻗ ﹾﻠﹺﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒﻨﹺﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒﹺﻨﻲ ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻲ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺔ " ‪‬ﺭﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻝ ﱢﺘﺭ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺫ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ )‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺃَﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻤﺎ ﻤﺭﻓﻭﻋﹰﺎ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﲤﺴـﻚ‬
‫ﺷﻬﻴﺪ«‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻋـﻥ ﺃﺒـﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻨ‪‬ﱵ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺃﻣﱵ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺃﺟﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ‬
‫«‪ ،‬ﻜـﺫﺍ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻏﻴـﺏ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺇِﻻ ﺃَﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﻓﻠﻪ ﺃﺟﺮ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺃَﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ ﻭﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﹸ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺤ‪‬ﻠﻴﺔ ﻋـﻥ ﺃﺒـﻲ ﻫﺭﻴـﺭﺓ ﺭﻀـﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨـﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﻴﺪ«)‪.(١‬‬ ‫»ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺴﻚ ﺑﺴﻨ‪‬ﱵ )‪ (٢‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺃﻣﱵ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺟﺮ‬
‫)‪(١‬ﻭﻗﺎل ﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺤﺴﻥ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﺍﻷﻝﺒﺎﻨﻲ ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺒﻥ ﺯﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺠﺩﻋﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ ) ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ « ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ « ﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ‪.( ٦٢/١‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺸﺭﺡ ﺍﻝﻤﻨﺎﻭﻱ ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻘﺎل‪:‬ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺴﻙ ﺒﺴﻨﺘﻲ( ﺘﻤﺜﻴل ﻝﻠﻤﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺤﺴﻭﺱ ﺘﺼﻭﻴﺭ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺴﺎﻤﻊ ﻜﺄﻨﻪ ﻴﻨﻅﺭ ﺇﻝﻴﻪ ﻝﻴﺤﻜﻡ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻩ ﻤﺘﻴﻘﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﻨﺠﻭ( ﻋﻨﺩ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺃﻤﺘﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺤﻴﻥ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻗـﺎل‪ :‬ﻓـﺘﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻋﺩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺨﻴﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺌﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻘـﺎﺌﻡ ﺨﻴـﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺸـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺎﺸـﻲ ﺨﻴـﺭ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻝﺴـﺎﻋﻲ ‪...‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺒﻲ ‪:‬ﻭﻗﺎل )ﻋﻨﺩ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺃﻤﺘﻲ( ﻭﻝﻡ ﻴﻘل ﻓﺴﺎﺩﻫﻡ؛ ﻷﻨﻪ ﺃﺒﻠﻎ‪ ،‬ﻜﺄﻥ ﺫﻭﺍﺘﻬﻡ ﻗﺩ ﻓﺴﺩﺕ ﻓـﻼ ﻴﺼـﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﻡ ﺼﻼﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻴﻨﺠﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﻭﻋﻅ( ‪.‬ﻝﻪ ﺃﺠﺭ ﺸﻬﻴﺩ( ـ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺩ )ﻤﺎﺌﺔ ﺸﻬﻴﺩ(‪،‬‬
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א وאدو‬
‫‪١٥٢‬‬
‫ﺃﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﺍﻡ ﺴﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻜﻼﻡ ﻨﻅﺭﻱ ﻭﻝﻜـﻥ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻝـﻥ ﻨﺘﺤﺼـل ﺃﻯ‬
‫ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﻤﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩﺍﺕ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺘﺤﺭﻜﻨﺎ ﻭﻤﺸﻴﻨﺎ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺴﺎﻓﺭﻨﺎ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺨﺭﺠﻨﺎ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻭﻨﺎ ﻓﻨﻘﻭل ﻤﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﻌﺩ ؟ ‪.‬‬
‫‬
‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﻏﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻝﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻻ ﻴﺠﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻤﺴﻙ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻴﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺒل ﻴﺅﺫﻴﻪ ﻭﻴﻬﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺼﻴﺭﻩ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﺎﻝﻪ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﻤﺴﻙ ﺒﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻴﺠﺎﺯﻯ ﺒﺭﻓﻊ ﺩﺭﺠﺘﻪ ﺇﻝﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﺯل ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺩﺍﺀ ‪.‬ﺍ‪.‬ﻫــ ﻤـﻥ ﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺽ ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﺭ ﺒﺘﺼﺭﻑ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺫﻜﺭ ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﺒﻥ ﻋﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﻜﺎﻤل‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺍﻝﺯﻫﺩ ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝـﺫﻫﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﻤﻴﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺩﺍل‬
‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻷﻝﺒﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ ﺍﻝﻀﻌﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀﻭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل ﺭﻗـﻡ )‪(٣٢٦‬‬
‫ﻭﺤﻜﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ ﺠﺩﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻓﺭﺍﺩ ﻓﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ ﺒﺭﻗﻡ)‪ (٣٢٧‬ﻭﺤﻜﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻀﻌﻴﻑ ﻓﻘﻁ‪.‬‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻭﺧﺘﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺭﺃﻨﺎ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺏ ﻋـﻥ ﺃﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﺍﻝـﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝـﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﻓﻀﺎﺌﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﻭﺍﺌﺩﻫﺎ ﻝﺸﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻴل ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻗـﻲ ) ﺭﺤﻤـﻪ ﺍﷲ ( ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻨﺩﻋﻭ ﻝﻪ ﺒﺎﻝﺭﺤﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﺤﺸﺭﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇﻴﺎﻩ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻴﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺩﻴﻘﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺸـﻬﺩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ ﻭﺤﺴﻥ ﺃﻭﻝﺌﻙ ﺭﻓﻴﻘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺯﻗﻨﺎ ﻓﻬﻡ ﺠﻬﺩ ﺤﺒﻴﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝ ﺤﺒﻴﺒﻪ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﺭﻀﺎﺘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻴﺭﺯﻗﻨﺎ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺎﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻁﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﻨﻠﻘـﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻭﻝﻲ ﺫﻝﻙ ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬
‫‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٢‬ﺭﻴــﺎﺽ ﺍﻝﺼــﺎﻝﺤﻴﻥ ﻝﻠﻨــﻭﻭﻱ – ﻁﺒﻌــﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺘــﺏ ﺍﻻﺴــﻼﻤﻲ –‬
‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ – ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٣‬ﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺎﺒﻴﺢ – ﺍﻝﺨﻁﻴﺏ ﺍﻝﺘﺒﺭﻴﺯﻱ – ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻜﺘﺏ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ – ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ‬
‫– ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٤‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ – ﻝﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﻜﻨﺩﻫﻠﻭﻱ – ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓـﺔ –‬
‫ﺒﻴﺭﻭﺕ – ﻝﺒﻨﺎﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٥‬ﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ – ﻝﻠﺫﻫﺒﻲ ‪ -‬ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻐﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺒﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﻘﺎﻫﺭﺓ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٦‬ﺴﺒل ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻝﺭﺸﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺨﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩ – ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻤﺤﻤﺩ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ ﺍﻝﺼﺎﻝﺤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻲ – ﻁﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﻠﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻲ ﻝﻠﺸﺌﻭﻥ ﺍﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﺴـﻤﻲ ﺒﺎﻝﺴـﻴﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (٧‬ﺍﻝﺴﻴﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ ﻻﺒﻥ ﻫﺸﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬـﺮﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻀــﻭﻉ‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺩﻤــــﺔ‪ :‬ﻨﺒﺫﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ ﻓﺭﻴﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻗﻲ ) ﺭﺤﻤﻪ ﺍﷲ (‬

‫‪٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ ) ﻤﻔﻬﻭﻤﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺴﺎﺌﻠﻬﺎ(‬
‫‪١١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪................................................‬‬
‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﻴﻤـــﺎﻥ‪...................................................‬‬
‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺘﺤﺼﻴل ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪.................................................‬‬
‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻭﻴﻨﻘﺹ‬
‫‪١٨‬‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ ﺃﺅﻤﻥ ﺒﺸﺊ ﻝﻡ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ‪..‬؟‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ) ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴﺔ ﷲ (‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﻭﺩﻴـــــﺔ‪.....................................................‬‬
‫‪٢٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺇﺘﺒﺎﻉ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ ) (‬
‫‪٢٧‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺤﺎﺩﻴﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻁﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ) (‪........................................‬‬
‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫ﺼــﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌـــــﺔ‪...........................................‬‬
‫‪٣٣‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺙ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ ﺍﻝﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭ ﺒﺎﻵﺨﺭﺓ‬
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א وאدو‬
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‫ﻤﺴﺌﻭﻝﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﺩ ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺴﺒﺤﺎﻨﻪ ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ )‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬
‫(‬
‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﻘﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﻋﻲ‪....................................................‬‬
‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ‪......................................................:‬‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﺩﻴﺔ ) ﻝﻠﺒﻴﻭﺕ (‪......................................‬‬
‫‪٤٧‬‬ ‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ) ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺨﺼﻭﺼﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎﺕ (‪..............‬‬
‫‪٤٨‬‬ ‫)‪ (٣‬ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﻌﻤﻭﻤﻴﺔ‪...............................................‬‬
‫‪٦١‬‬ ‫)‪ (٤‬ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪.............................................‬‬
‫‪٦٥‬‬
‫)‪ (٥‬ﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺴﺎﺌل‪...................................................‬‬
‫‪٦٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻴﻥ ﺃﻡ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ‪.................................:‬‬

‫‪٧٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻋﻴﻥ ؟ ‪.............................................‬‬
‫‪٧٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﺭﺽ ﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ؟ ‪............................................‬‬
‫‪٧٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﻜﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻤﺘﻨﺎ ﺃﺤﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻜﻡ ﺃﻤﻭﺍﺕ ؟‪...............................‬‬
‫‪٧٤‬‬ ‫ﻨﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ؟ ﻭﻤﺘﻰ ﺘﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﻴﺔ ؟‪........................‬‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺍﺌﺩ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻝﻠﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﺇﻝﻲ ﺍﷲ‪:‬‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫‪ _١‬ﺘﺄﻴﻴـــــﺩ ‪.................................................‬‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫‪ _٢‬ﻨﺼــــﺭﺓ ‪..................................................‬‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫‪ _٣‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ‪..................................................‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٥٧‬‬
‫‪٨٢‬‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻔﺎﻅﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ ‪.................................‬‬

‫‪٨٤‬‬ ‫‪ _ ٥‬ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﻔﺘﻥ ‪..............................................‬‬
‫‪٩٣‬‬ ‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻝﺤﻔﺎﻅﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻋﺫﺍﺏ ﺍﷲ‪..........................................‬‬
‫‪٩٦‬‬ ‫‪ -٧‬ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﺔ ‪....................................................‬‬
‫‪٩٧‬‬ ‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﻝﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺜل ﺃﺠﺭ ﻭﺜﻭﺍﺏ ﻤﻥ ﺩﻋﻭﻩ ‪......................‬‬
‫‪٩٨‬‬ ‫‪ -٩‬ﻗﻭﺓ ﻭﺍﺯﺩﻴﺎﺩ ﺍﻹﻴﻤﺎﻥ‪..............................................‬‬
‫‪٩٩‬‬ ‫‪ -١٠‬ﻋﺯﺓ ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ ‪................................................‬‬
‫‪١٠١‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻋــــﻭﺓ ‪............................................‬‬
‫‪١١٠‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ‪...............................................‬‬
‫‪١٢٣‬‬ ‫ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﺍﻝﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻱ‪..................................................‬‬

‫‪١٢٣‬‬ ‫ﻤﺎ ﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ؟‪..................................................‬‬
‫‪١٢٤‬‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﺼﺩ ﺇﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ‪.........................................:‬‬
‫‪١٢٤‬‬ ‫ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﻠﺩﻋﻭﺓ )ﻓﻘﻁ( ﺒﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﺘﺎل‪............................‬‬ ‫)‪( ٢‬‬
‫‪١٢٦‬‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻝﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻝﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‪................................‬‬ ‫)‪( ٣‬‬
‫‪١٢٦‬‬ ‫ﺃ _ ﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻴﻊ‪..............................................‬‬
‫‪١٣١‬‬ ‫ﺏ _ﺍﻝﺴﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻝﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻡ‪..........................................‬‬
‫‪١٣٥‬‬ ‫ﺴﺭﺍﻴﺎ ﻻﺴﺘﻁﻼﻉ ﺃﺤﻭﺍل ﺍﻝﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻜﻴﻥ‪...................‬‬ ‫)‪( ٤‬‬
‫‪١٤٢‬‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺌل ﺍﻝﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ ‪.......................................‬‬
‫‬
‫‬
‫א
א وאدو‬
‫‪١٥٨‬‬
‫‪١٤٩‬‬ ‫ﻋﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻝﻠﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻓﻲ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﷲ‪.....................................‬‬

‫‪١٥٣‬‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺘﺎﻤـــﺎ‪.........................................................‬‬
‫‪١٥٤‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺠﻊ‪..............................................................‬‬
‫‪١٥٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﻬـــﺭﺱ‪.......................................................‬‬
‫‬
‫@‪DE !F; 0G /HI J‬‬
‫‪Emam2030@gmail.com.‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻴﻔﻮﻥ‬
‫‪ ٠٥٠ / ٦٨٢٤٥٣٦‬ـ ‪ ٠١٠٦٤١٥٨٢٤٦‬ـ ‪٠١١٢٥٦٤٦٨٢٨‬‬
‫ﺘﺭﻗﺒﻭﺍ ﺼﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻝﺠﺯﺀ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﺸﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬

‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻨﻭﺍﺭ ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻝﺭﺒﺎﻨﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺃﻗﻭﺍل ﺍﻝﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭ ﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﺒﻭ ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬

المنتقى من كـلام أهـل التبليغ والدعوة - الجزء - الشيخ فريد

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المنتقى من كـلام أهـل التبليغ والدعوة - الجزء - الشيخ فريد

Uploaded by

Copyright:

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‫‬

‫ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻨﺸﺄ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ) ﻤﺸﺘﻭل ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ( ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬

‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺤﻔﻅﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻤﻥ ﻁﻔﻭﻝﺘﻪ ﻤﺤﺒﺎ ﻝﻤﻅﺎﻫﺭ ﺍﻝﺘﺩﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻻ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺘﺤﺎﻗﻪ ﺒﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻹﺨﻭﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﺒﻌﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺨﺭﺝ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻥ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻨﺘﺩﺍﺒﻪ ﻝﻠﺘﺩﺭﻴﺱ ﺒﺎﻝﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻝﻤﻐﺭﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻡ)‬

‫ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻢ‪ /‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺼﻠﺕ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ٣٥ : ٣٣‬‬

‫ﺼ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﺓ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـ ﹺﻦ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٠٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ )ﻁﻠﻭﻉ ﺍﻝﺸﻤﺱ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻐﺭﺒﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺨﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺒﺔ … ﺍﻝﺦ ( ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﲢﺼﻴﻞ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ‬

‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻹﳝﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻌﺎﻡ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.١٥٨‬‬

‫ﻀل ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻨﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻝﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺒﺎﻝﻨﻘﺼﺎﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹِﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺨـل‬

‫ﺲ ﺍﱠﻟﺘ‪‬ـﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺒ‪‬ـﺎﻫ‪‬ﻰ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬

‫ﺱ ‪ :‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﺅﻣﻦ ﺑﺸﺊ ﱂ ﺃﺭﺍﻩ ‪..‬؟‬

‫‪ (١‬ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﺼﺤﺎﺒﺔ ‪٤٦ / ١ -‬‬

‫‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ ‪٤٨ / ١ -‬‬

‫ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﺒﻴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٥‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺭﺍﻑ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٦٥‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻨﻔﺎل – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٢٧‬‬

‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻝﻡ ﻨﺒﻠﻐﻬﻡ ﻓﻜﺄﻨﻨﺎ ﻝﻡ ﻨﺅﺩﻯ ﺤﻕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻫﻭ ﺍﻝﻤﻘﺼﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل‬

‫ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻓﻰ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ ﻜﻠﻬﻡ‪.‬‬

‫  ‬

‫ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ@‪@ @H I‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻵﻴﺘﺎﻥ ‪.٦٥ ،٦٤‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ ‪.٣٦‬‬

‫ﺼ ﹶﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺭﺴ‪‬ـﻭ ُل ﺍﻝﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ ) ( ﺸﹶـﻴ‪‬ﺌًﺎ ‪،‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺻ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ؟ ! ﹶﻓﻮ‪‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠـ ‪‬ﻪ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻗﺪ ﻧﺎﺭﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺿﺎﺀﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.‬‬

‫ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻭﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﳓﻮﻫﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻓـﺬﻟﻚ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ‪.٥٥/١‬‬

‫  ‪.‬‬

‫ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﹺﻵ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﺎ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻧﹺﻲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗ‪‬ـ ﹺﻢ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻁﻪ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ١٦ :١٤‬‬

‫ﺐ )‪ ..(١‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻝﻴﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﺭ‪ ..‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﺍﻵﺨﺭﺓ‪ ..‬ﺭﺠﺎﺀ ﻤﻭﻋﻭﺩ ﺍﷲ‪،‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻫﻭﺩ – ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ‪. ٩٣‬‬

‫ﺽ ﻣ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺇﱄ ﺍﷲ‬

‫ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻋﻼﻡ ﻨﺒﺎﻴﻌﻙ؟ ﻗﺎل‪» :‬ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻌﻮﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬

‫ﺱ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﻝﻤﻁﻠﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬ﻴﺎ ﻤﻌﺸﺭ ﺍﻝﺨﺯﺭﺝ‪،‬‬

‫ﻼ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻜﺎﻥ ﺃﻭل ﻤﻥ ﺒﺎﻴﻊ ﺭﺴﻭل‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﻴﻭﺴﻑ _ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.١٠٨‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳋﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ‬

‫)‪ (٣‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺴﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻗﺎﻥ – ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‪.٧‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٢‬ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﻋﻥ ﻋﺒﺩ ﺍﷲ ﺒﻥ‬

‫ﻓﺎﻨﺼﺭﻑ ﺭﺴﻭل ﺍﷲ ﻭﺨﺭﺝ ﺍﻝﻘﻭﻡ ﺼﺎﺩﺭﻴﻥ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻬﻡ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻝﻬﻡ‬

‫ﺒﻜﺭ ﺭﻀﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﺒﺈﺴﻨﺎﺩﻩ ﻤﺜﻠﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﹸﻌﻴﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺩﻻﺌل )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٣‬ﺃﻴﻀ ﹰﺎ ﻤﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻝﻭﺍﻗﺩﻱ ﺤﺩﺜﻨﻲ‬

‫»ﺃﺩﻋﻮﻛﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﲤﻨﻌﻮﱐ ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬

‫ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺒﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﻱ ﺑﲏ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ؟«‬

‫ﺼﻌ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺩﻋﺎﻫﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ‬

‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭﻩ ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ ﺃﺒﻭ ﻨﻌﻴﻡ )ﺹ ‪ (١٠٠‬ﻋﻥ ﺍﺒﻥ ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻝ ‪‬ﺯﻫ‪‬ﺭﻱ ﻤﻥ ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺤﺼ‪‬ﻴﻥ‪ :‬ﺃﻨﱠﻪ ﺃﺘﻰ ﹶﻜﻠﹾﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻬﻡ ﺇﻝﻰ ﺒﻁﻥ‬

‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ ﺃﺤﻤﺩ ﻋﻥ ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺒﻥ ﻋﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺒﻨﻲ ﺍﻝﺩ‪‬ﻴل ـ ﻭﻜﺎﻥ ﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴ ﹰﺎ ﻓﺄﺴﻠﻡ ـ‬

‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﺴﻭﻕ ‪.٨٠/١‬‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠﻊ ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻕ – ﺒﺎﺏ ﻋﺭﻀﻪ ‬

‫)‪ (٤‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫ ‬

‫ ‪.‬‬

‫‪& -. )+ , ( )+‬‬

‫ﻲ ﺍﻵﻴﺔ )‪ ،(١‬ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﺃﻤـﺭ‬

‫=( <> '