PIPING WALL THICKNESS CALCULATION

ASME B31.3 2020 EDITION - METRIC

PROJECT: ATLAS COPCO

PROJECT NO.: 108-00-56
CALCULATION NUMBER: -
CALCULATION REV: 0

ISSUE DATE PREPARED: CHECKED: APPROVED:

18-Nov-22 SSR SSR AP

PIPE PROPERTIES
DESIGN INPUT DESIGN CONDITION
REMARKS/REFERENCE
VALUE UNITS VALUE UNITS
MATERIAL SS - - - NOTE 5
MATERIAL SPECIFICATION (TYPE/GRADE) A358 Gr.316L - - - ASTM DESIGNATION
NOMINAL DIAMETER (DN) 400 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19
PIPE SCHEDULE SCH_20 - - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19
PIPE OUTSIDE DIAMETER (D, Do) 406.4 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19, ASME B31.3
PIPE WALL THICKNESS (T) 7.92 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19, ASME B31.3

BASIC ALLOWABLE STRESS AT DESIGN TEMPERATURE (S) 104 MPa 230 °C ASME B31.3 TABLE A-1M @ DESIGN TEMPERATURE

DESIGN CONDITIONS
INTERNAL DESIGN GAGE PRESSURE (P) 1 MPa - - AS PER LDT
DESIGN TEMPERATURE 230 °C - - AS PER LDT
COEFFICIENT Y (y) 0.4 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE 304.1.1 for t < D/6
QUALITY FACTOR [E] 1 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE A-1B
WELD JOINT STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR (W) 1 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE 302.3.5(e)

CALCULATIONS
CHECK: t < Do/6 FALSE - REFER TO 304.1.2.(b)
CHECK: P/(S*E) > 0.385 FALSE - EQN. (3a)/(3b) HOLDS TRUE
THICKNESS (t) 1.9464 mm - - EQUATION 304.1.2, (3a)
SUM OF MECHANICAL ALLOWANCES (c) 1.5 mm - - CORROSION + THREAD ALLOWANCE; NOTE 3
MILL TOLERANCE 0.125 % - -

CALCULATED PRESSURE DESIGN THICKNESS (tm) 3.939 mm - - ASME B31.3, 304.1.2(a), EQUATION (3a)/(3b)
ACCEPTABLE, ACTUAL PIPE THICKNESS IS GREATER THAN MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS

CHECK FOR REQUIRED THICKNESS FOR HYDROSTATIC TEST

YIELD STRENGTH AT TEST TEMPERATURE (Sy) 170 MPa - - ASME SEC II, PART D, TABLE 1A
90% OF YIELD STRENGTH 153 - - -
REQUIRED THICKNESS FOR HYDROTEST PRESSURE -0.07 mm - - NOTE 4

NOTES

1) This calculation sheet applies to straight pipe under internal pressure, in accordance with ASME B31.3 Section 304.1.2.
2) Calculation for straight pipe under external pressure shall refer to ASME B31.3 Section 304.1.3, with suitable calculation record provided.
3) Refer to 304.1.1(b) for thread allowances when calculating for threaded piping.
4) Hydrostatic Test Thickness is in new, uncorroded condition.
5) SS = Stainless Steel; CS = Carbon Steel
 PIPING WALL THICKNESS CALCULATION
ASME B31.3 2020 EDITION - METRIC

PROJECT: ATLAS COPCO

PROJECT NO.: 108-00-56
CALCULATION NUMBER: -
CALCULATION REV: 0

ISSUE DATE PREPARED: CHECKED: APPROVED:

18-Nov-22 SSR SSR AP

PIPE PROPERTIES
DESIGN INPUT DESIGN CONDITION
REMARKS/REFERENCE
VALUE UNITS VALUE UNITS
MATERIAL SS - - - NOTE 5
MATERIAL SPECIFICATION (TYPE/GRADE) A358 Gr.316L - - - ASTM DESIGNATION
NOMINAL DIAMETER (DN) 200 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19
PIPE SCHEDULE SCH_20 - - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19
PIPE OUTSIDE DIAMETER (D, Do) 219.1 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19, ASME B31.3
PIPE WALL THICKNESS (T) 6.35 mm - - ASME B36.10 / B36.19, ASME B31.3

BASIC ALLOWABLE STRESS AT DESIGN TEMPERATURE (S) 104 MPa 230 °C ASME B31.3 TABLE A-1M @ DESIGN TEMPERATURE

DESIGN CONDITIONS
INTERNAL DESIGN GAGE PRESSURE (P) 1 MPa - - AS PER LDT
DESIGN TEMPERATURE 230 °C - - AS PER LDT
COEFFICIENT Y (y) 0.4 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE 304.1.1 for t < D/6
QUALITY FACTOR [E] 1 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE A-1B
WELD JOINT STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR (W) 1 - - - AS PER ASME B31.3 TABLE 302.3.5(e)

CALCULATIONS
CHECK: t < Do/6 TRUE - EQN. (3a)/(3b) HOLDS TRUE
CHECK: P/(S*E) > 0.385 FALSE - EQN. (3a)/(3b) HOLDS TRUE
THICKNESS (t) 1.0493 mm - - EQUATION 304.1.2, (3a)
SUM OF MECHANICAL ALLOWANCES (c) 1.5 mm - - CORROSION + THREAD ALLOWANCE; NOTE 3
MILL TOLERANCE 0.125 % - -

CALCULATED PRESSURE DESIGN THICKNESS (tm) 2.914 mm - - ASME B31.3, 304.1.2(a), EQUATION (3a)/(3b)
ACCEPTABLE, ACTUAL PIPE THICKNESS IS GREATER THAN MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS

CHECK FOR REQUIRED THICKNESS FOR HYDROSTATIC TEST

YIELD STRENGTH AT TEST TEMPERATURE (Sy) 170 MPa - - ASME SEC II, PART D, TABLE 1A
90% OF YIELD STRENGTH 153 - - -
REQUIRED THICKNESS FOR HYDROTEST PRESSURE -0.08 mm - - NOTE 4

NOTES

1) This calculation sheet applies to straight pipe under internal pressure, in accordance with ASME B31.3 Section 304.1.2.
2) Calculation for straight pipe under external pressure shall refer to ASME B31.3 Section 304.1.3, with suitable calculation record provided.
3) Refer to 304.1.1(b) for thread allowances when calculating for threaded piping.
4) Hydrostatic Test Thickness is in new, uncorroded condition.
5) SS = Stainless Steel; CS = Carbon Steel
 FABRICATED BRANCH CONNECTIONS CALCULATIONS: ASME B31.3 PARA. 304.1 & 304.3
CALCULATION DATA
A pipe having a fabricated or welded branch connection is weakened by cutting out some area from
DESIGN PRESSURE (DP) 1 MPa the header pipe to fit the branch pipe onto it.
Unless the wall thickness of the pipe is sufficient to sustain the pressure, it is necessary to provide
DESIGN TEMPERATURE (DT) 230 °C added reinforcement pad. The amount of reinforcement or strength required to sustain the pressure
is determined in accordance with para. 304.3.3 or 304.3.4 of ASME B31.3. Let’s see the
CORROSION ( c ) 1.5 mm nomenclature as per para 304.3.3 beside -
HEADER BRANCH
MATERIAL A 358 Gr. 316 L MATERIAL A 358 Gr. 316 L
ALLOWABLE STRESS (Sh) 104 MPa ALLOWABLE STRESS (Sb) 104 MPa
OUTSIDE DIAMETER (Dh) 406.4 mm OUTSIDE DIAMETER (Db) 219.08 mm
NOMINAL PIPE THICKNESS 6.35 mm NOMINAL PIPE THICKNESS 7.925 mm
THICKNESS CAL. (th) 1.9464 mm THICKNESS CAL. (tb) 1.0493 mm
MILL TOLERANCE 0.125 % MILL TOLERANCE 0.125 %
THICKNESS AFTER DEDUCTING MILL THICKNESS AFTER DEDUCTING MILL
TOLERANCE FROM NOMINAL PIPE TOLERANCE FROM NOMINAL PIPE
THICKNESS (Th) 5.56 mm THICKNESS (Tb) 6.93 mm

QUERY 1 : WHETHER THE REINFORCEMENT PAD OR RF PAD IS REQUIRED OR NOT

STEP 1:
The area of metal removed is known as the ‘Required Reinforcement Area’ (A1). The reinforcement area required for a branch connection to resist internal
pressure is mathematically expressed as found in 304.3.3 (b)
A1 = th x d1(2−sinβ)
Where, d1 =(Db-2(Tb-c))/ sinβ (Considering β=90°)
• For a 90˚ branch connection, d1 is effectively the largest possible inside diameter of the branch pipe. Which is the inside of the diameter of the pipe in the
corroded condition minus the manufacturers under tolerance.
• The angle ß is used in the evaluation because a lateral connection may be used. The disc of material removed from the header will be larger if the angle
between the axis of the header and branch is less than 90˚.
•The (2 – sin ß) term is used to provide additional reinforcement that is appropriate because of the geometry of the branch connection. (Additional stress).
• The area removed (A1) must be replaced by the available area (A2, A3, A4) around the opening.

Effective length removed from the run or header pipe : d1 = 208.21 mm

Area removed from the header or run pipe : A1 = 405.254 mm2

STEP 2:

Determine if there is an excess thickness in the header (A2) within the reinforcement zone that can be used towards replacing the material removed

A2=(2d2-d1)(Th-th-c)
Where, d2 = the greater of d1 (opening size in the header) i.e 208.21 mm or (Tb− c)+(Th− c)+ d1/2

Half-width of the reinforcement zone d2 = 208.21 mm

Extra thickness available in the header pipe A2 = 439.303 mm2

STEP 3:

Determine if there is an excess thickness in the branch pipe (A3) within the reinforcement zone that can be used towards replacing the material removed

A3=2L4(Tb-tb-c)/ sinβ
Where, L4 = the lesser of 2.5(Tb-c) or 2.5(Th−c)+Tr (Considering Tr=0)
Height of the reinforcement zone L4 = 10.14 mm

Extra thickness available in the branch pipe A3 = 88.934 mm2

STEP 4:
Determine if there is an excess thickness in the fillet cover attachment welds (A4) between the branch and header that can be used towards replacing the
material removed
 A4=2tc2 (Considering without RF Pad)
Where, tc is the lesser of 0.7Tb or 0.25 in. (6 mm)

tc = 4.85 mm

Area of RF Pad & area of welding A4 = 47.124 mm2

STEP 5: (Findings and conclusions)
Is the area removed (A1) sufficiently replaced by the material available within the limits of the reinforcement zone i.e. A2 + A3 + A4 ≥ A1

A1 = 405.254 mm2 A3 = 88.934 mm2

A2 = 439.303 mm2 A4 = 47.124 mm2
THE TOTAL MATERIAL AVAILABLE WITHIN THE DEFINED REINFORCEMENT ZONE (A2+A3+A4) = (439.303+88.934+47.124) = 575.361 mm2
CONCLUSION : WE HAVE NOTICED THAT THERE IS EXCESS MATERIAL FROM A2 ALONE TO REPLACE THE AREA REQUIRED AND NO
ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT (PAD) REQUIRED.
Where
A1 = Area removed from the header or run pipe
A2 = Extra thickness available in the header pipe
A3 = Extra thickness available in the branch pipe
A4 = Area of RF Pad & area of welding

L4 = Height of the reinforcement zone

β = Angle between axes of the branch and header or run pipe

d1 = Effective length removed from the run or header pipe

d2 = Half-width of the reinforcement zone
Db = Outside diameter of branch pipe
Dh = Outside diameter of run or header pipe

nominal-pipe-thickness
Th = Tb = Thickness after deducting mill tolerance from nominal pipe thickness or ordering thickness of run and branch pipe respectively
th = tb = Calculated pipe thickness as per the equation of para. 304.1 of ASME B31.3 for run and branch respectively.

C = Corrosion allowance
Tr = Minimum thickness of reinforcement pad

QUERY 2 : WHETHER GIVEN REINFORCEMENT PAD OR RF PAD IS ENOUGH

Calculate L4 again considering RF Pad is already provided
Considering (RF Pad is taken from the header with the outer diameter (Dr ) = 2Db = 438.16 mm and thickness (Tr ) = Th = 5.56 mm)
Where, L4 = the lesser of 2.5(Tb-c) or 2.5(Th−c)+Tr

Height of the reinforcement zone L4 = 10.14 mm

Calculating A3 considering RF Pad

Extra thickness available in the branch pipe A3 = 88.934 mm2

Calculating A4 considering RF Pad

A4 = [{2×d1 – (Db / Sinβ)}(Th)+2tc2] Considering β=90° i.e Sinβ = 1
Area of RF Pad & area of welding A4 = 1143.61 mm

FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS

A1 = 405.254 mm2 A3 = 88.934 mm2

A2 = 439.303 mm2 A4 = 1143.608 mm2
LET’S CHECK THE CONDITION BELOW
IF A1<A2+A3+A4 405.254<88.934+439.303+1143.608 405.254<1671.845 mm2
CONCLUSION: THE ABOVE RESULT ENSURES THAT A REINFORCEMENT PAD TAKEN FROM THE HEADER IS MORE THAN ENOUGH IN OUR
CASE.