ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express pour special thanks

of gratitude to our Prof. D. D. Shinde
who gave us the golden opportunity to do
this wonderful project on the topic
“Different Types of Bond”,
which also helped us in doing a lot of
Research and we came to know about so
many new things we are really thankful to
them.

Secondly, we would also like to thank our friends who helped us a

lot in finalizing this project within the limit
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Ms. ___________________________

Roll. No. _________ of First Semester Diploma in Computer

Engineering Section ____ of Y. B. Patil Polytechnic, Akurdi has

completed the Microproject satisfactory in subject Workshop

Practice for the academic year 2022 to 2023 as prescribed in the

MSBTE Curriculum.

Place :- ____________ Date :- _____________

Enrollment No.

________________

Subject Teacher Principle

______________________ ______________________
 Introduction

 DEFINATION :-

 Chemistry :- Chemistry is the branch of science

that deals with the properties, composition and
structure of elements and compounds.

Types :-

1. Ionic Bond

2. Covalent Bond

3. Co-Ordinate Bond

4. Hydrogen Bond

5. Metallic bond
 Ionic Bond

 Define :-
Ionic Bond or electrovalent compounds are formed by loose
or gain of electrons, between two dissimilar atoms.
E.g. NaCl , MgCl2 , CaCl2 , AlCl3 , etc.

1. NaCl – Sodium Chloride :-

In formation of Sodium chloride molecule , the atomic number
of sodium is 11 and its configuration is (2,8,1). The atomic
number of Chlorine is 17 and its electronic configuration is
(2,8,7).
There is only one electron present in the last shell of sodium
atom and there are 7 electrons present in the shall shell of
chlorine atom. Sodium loose one electron to Chlorine for the
completion of octet. The sodium then becomes positive charge
[cation] , and Chlorine becomes negative charge because of
accepting the electron from sodium [anion] And resulting the
formation of „sodium chloride‟ molecule takes place.
 Its schematic representation as follows:

X e-- of Sodium

e-- of Chlorine
 COVALENT BOND

 Define :-
The compounds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons
takes place between two similar or dissimilar atoms.

 Types of Covalent bonds :-

1. Single Covalent bond :-

1. H2O

2. Cl2
2. Double covalent bond :-

3. Triple covalent bond :-

 Co – Ordinate Bond

 Define :-
It is a special type of covalent bond in which the shared electrons
are contributed by one atom only. The atom which contribute
electron pair for sharing is called the doner while the other atom
which shares is called accepter.
E.g. formation of ammonium ion :-

∴ This bond is represented as ( )

HYDROGEN BOND :-

 Define :-
A hydrogen bond is a type of attractive force between an
electronegative atom and hydrogen atom bonded to another
electronegative atom.

E.g. formation of Hydrogen fluoride Molecule :-

In HF molecule , the Fluorine atom acquires fractional negative

charge while hydrogen atom acquires fractional positive charge .

Hydrogen bond is weaker than covalent bond but stronger than

Vander Waal‟s force of attraction. The hydrogen bond is denoted
as dotted line ( …… ) .
 Metallic Bond :-

 Define :-
Metallic bond is the electrostatic attractive force between valance
electrons and positively charged metal ions, in a metal element.