PRE-CALCULUS

Quarter 2
Circular Functions
Trigonometric Identities
Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Polar Coordinate System
SLIDESMANIA.COM

Prepared by: Ms. Rachelle Anne S. De La Cruz

 Angles on a Road Trip!
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Degree Measure and
Radian Measure
LESSON 7

1. Angles
2. Complementary and Supplementary Angles
3. Measure of an Angle
Conversions between Degrees and Radians
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:
● illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the
linear and angular measures of a central angle in a unit
circle
● convert degree measure to radian measure and vice
versa
SLIDESMANIA.COM
01
Angles
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Let’s review some facts.
● A ray consists of point on a line and extends indefinitely in
one direction.
● If two rays are drawn with a common endpoint, they will form
an angle. The rays are called the sides of the angle.

How does angle in trigonometry differ from the angle in Euclidean

geometry?
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles
- an angle is formed by rotating a ray about its endpoint
- The initial position of the ray is called the initial side of the
angle, while the position of the ray after rotation is called the
terminal side.
A’ Initial Side
O A

O Initial Side A A’’

SLIDESMANIA.COM

Counter Clockwise Clockwise

POSITIVE NEGATIVE
 Angles
● An angle is said to be in standard position if its vertex is at
the origin of a rectangular coordinate system and its initial
side coincides with the x-axis.
● If an angle is in standard position and its terminal side
coincides with coordinate axis, the angle is referred to as
quadrantal angle.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles
The measure of an angle is given by stating
the amount of rotation to revolve from the
initial position of the ray to the terminal
position. The most commonly used unit to
measure angles are in terms of
revolution, degrees, and radians.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles

One revolution is the amount of rotation

needed for one full turn of a ray about its
endpoints in which the initial and terminal
sides of the angle coincides.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles

A degree is the measure of an angle

formed by rotating a ray 1/360 of a
complete revolution, the symbol for
degree is °.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles

● An angle formed by rotating a ray with

one complete revolution has a measure
of 360°.

● A straight angle is an angle of 180°, or

½ revolution;

● a right angle is an angle of 90°;

SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Angles

● an acute angle is an angle if its

measure is between 0° and 90°;

● an obtuse angle is an angle if its

measure is between 90° and 180°;

● a reflex angle is an angle if its measure

is between 180° and 360°
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Radian
We can define a radian using a central angle of a circle, whose
vertex is the center of the circle.

One radian is equivalent to the measure of a central angle 𝜃 that

intercepts an arc.

In other words, one radian is the measure of an angle that

subtends an arc of unit length when its vertex is located at the
center of a circle with unit radius.

Note that 𝜃 is taken in degrees if it is indicated; otherwise 𝜃 is in

SLIDESMANIA.COM

radian measure
 02
Complementary and
Supplementary Angles
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Complementary and Supplementary Angles

If the sum of the two measures of

two angles is 90° the angles are
complementary angles and one
angle is the complement of the other.

On the other hand, if the sum of the

measures of the two angles is 180°
the angles are supplementary
angles and one angle is the
supplement of the other angle.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Complementary and Supplementary Angles

In addition, complementary and

supplementary angles are always
positive.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Complementary and Supplementary Angles

Examples: Find the complementary

and supplementary angles of the
following:

a. 72°

b. 55°
𝜋
c.
6

2𝜋
SLIDESMANIA.COM

d.
3
 03
Measure of an Angle
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Measure of an Angle
The measure of an angle can be represented in degrees or
radians. The measure of an angle is found by the amount
of rotation from initial side to the terminal side.

In higher mathematics, radian is the most convenient

measure of an angle.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Measure of an Angle
360 degrees = 1 revolution
360 degrees = 2𝜋 radians
1
1 degree = revolution
360 𝜋
1 degree = radians
180
2𝜋 radians = 1 revolution
180
1
1 radian = degrees
𝜋
1 radian = revolution
2𝜋
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Conversions between Degrees and Radians
1. To convert degrees to radians, multiply degrees by
𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
180°

2. To convert radians to degrees, multiply radians by.

180°
𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛

To apply these two conversion rules, use the basic

relationships 𝜋 radians = 180°.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Conversions between Degrees and Radians
Example 1: Convert from radians to degrees
𝜋
a.
6

4𝜋
b.
9

25𝜋
c.
12
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Conversions between Degrees and Radians
Example 2: Convert from degrees to radians.

a.60°

b. 210°
SLIDESMANIA.COM

c. 480°