Lesson 10.

Angle Measures

Capstone
Precalculus
Project
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Trigonometry comes
from the Greek word
trigonon, which means
triangle, and metron
means to measure.
Architects use
trigonometry to
calculate roof slopes
and structural loads.
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 Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with
triangles and their measures. This can be used to determine
the height of tall objects, such as buildings, without
measuring the actual objects.

In this lesson, you will learn about an essential concept in

trigonometry, which is angles that are measured using
degrees or radians.

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What are angles, and how do we
measure them?

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 Learning Competencies
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

● Illustrate the unit circle

(STEM_PC11T-IIa-1).

● Convert degree measure to radian

measure and vice versa
(STEM_PC11T-IIa-2).

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 Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

● Define a unit circle.

● Define a radian.

● Convert from degree measure to radian measure

and vice versa.

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 Unit Circle

The unit circle is a circle

with a radius of 1.

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 Unit Circle

The -intercepts of the unit

circle are and , and its -
intercepts are and , as
shown.

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 Angles

In geometry, an angle is a figure

formed by two rays with a
common endpoint called the
vertex.

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 Angles

In trigonometry, an angle is a
figure generated by a ray rotating
about its endpoint called the
vertex.

An angle is measured from its

initial side to its terminal side.

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 Angles

A positive angle is generated by a counterclockwise

rotation, while a negative angle is generated by a
clockwise rotation.

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 Let’s Practice!

What is the direction of rotation of an angle with a

measure of ?

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 Let’s Practice!

What is the direction of rotation of an angle with a

measure of ?

counterclockwise

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Try It!

What is the direction of rotation of an

angle with a measure of ?

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 Let’s Practice!

Which of the following angles is positive?

A B

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 Let’s Practice!

Which of the following angles is positive?

A B

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Try It!
Which of the following angles is
negative?
A B

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Remember

Any circle with its center at the origin

has the equation , where is the radius
of the circle.

In the case of a unit circle, the equation

is .

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Remember

The -intercept is on the unit circle since

.

The same goes for the -intercept ,

since .

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 Let’s Practice!

Show that the point is on the unit circle.

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 Let’s Practice!

Show that the point is on the unit circle.

( ) ( )
𝟐 𝟐
√𝟑 + √𝟔 =𝟏
𝟑 𝟑
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Try It!

Show that the point is on the unit circle.

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 Let’s Practice!

The point is on the unit circle located at Quadrant III.

Find its -coordinate.

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 Let’s Practice!

The point is on the unit circle located at Quadrant III.

Find its -coordinate.

− √ 𝟑
𝟐
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Try It!

The point is on the unit circle located at

Quadrant II. Find its
-coordinate.

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 Degree and Radian Measures

There are two ways to measure angles, called degrees and

radians.

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 Degree and Radian Measures

A degree can be obtained by dividing a full rotation into

360 parts.

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 Degree and Radian Measures

The arc of a circle is a part of

its circumference. The arc
length is denoted by .

The central angle is formed

by two radii in a circle whose Circle with central angle and
with length .
vertex is the center of the
circle.
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 Degree and Radian Measures

The measure of the central angle is equal to ratio of the

arc length and the radius of the circle, or .

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 Degree and Radian Measures

A radian is the measure of

the central angle that
corresponds to an arc such
that the arc length is equal to
the radius of the circle.

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 Converting Degree to Radian Measure and Vice Versa

To convert from degrees to radians, multiply the

angle measure in degrees by .

To convert from radians to degrees, multiply the

angle measure in degrees by .

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 Let’s Practice!

Express in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

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 Let’s Practice!

Express in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

′ ′ ′
𝟏𝟏𝟐 ° 𝟑𝟒 𝟒𝟖
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Try It!

Express in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert to radians.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert to radians.

𝝅
𝟐
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Try It!

Convert to radians.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert to degrees.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert to degrees.

− 𝟏𝟐𝟎 °
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Try It!

Convert to degrees.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert 2 radians to degrees, minutes, and seconds.

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 Let’s Practice!

Convert 2 radians to degrees, minutes, and seconds.

′
𝟏𝟏𝟒 ° 𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟒 ′ ′
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Try It!

Convert 6 radians to degrees, minutes, and

seconds.

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How do you convert from
degrees to radians and vice
versa?

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 Check Your Understanding

Identify the term being described by each sentence.

1. It is a circle with radius equal to 1.
2. It is generated by a ray rotated clockwise or
counterclockwise.
3. It is the measure of the central angle whose
corresponding arc length is equal to the measure of the
radius.
4. It is the equation of a unit circle.
5. It is equivalent to of a degree.
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 Check Your Understanding

Convert the degree measures to radians and the

radian measures to degrees.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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 Let’s Sum It Up!

● The unit circle is a circle with a radius of 1.

● The equation of a unit circle is given by

.

● An angle is measured from its initial side to its

terminal side.

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 Let’s Sum It Up!

● A positive angle is generated by a

counterclockwise rotation while a negative angle
is generated by a clockwise rotation.

● Two ways to measure angles are by using the

degree measure or the radian measure.

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 Let’s Sum It Up!

● A radian is the measure of the central angle

subtended by an arc such that the arc length is
equal to the radius of the circle.

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 Let’s Sum It Up!

● To convert from degrees to radians, multiply the

angle measure in degrees by .

● To convert from radians to degrees, multiply the

angle measure in radians by .

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Challenge Yourself

Find the equivalent angle of measure in

radians of an angle tracing revolution.

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 Photo Credit Bibliography
Barnett, Raymond, Michael Ziegler, Karl Byleen, and David
Sobecki. College Algebra with Trigonometry. Boston:
McGraw Hill Higher Education, 2008.

Bittinger, Marvin L., Judith A. Beecher, David J. Ellenbogen,

and Judith A. Penna. Algebra and Trigonometry: Graphs
and Models. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Addison Wesley,
● Slide 2: Brisbane Skyscrapers by EzykronHD is 2009.
licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
Blitzer, Robert. Algebra and Trigonometry. 3rd ed. Upper
Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson/Prentice Hal, 2007.

Larson, Ron. College Algebra with Applications for Business and

the Life Sciences. Boston: MA:Houghton Mifflin, 2009.

Simmons, George F. Calculus with Analytic Geometry. 2nd ed.

New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.

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