‫ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﺿﺭﺓ ‪ :6‬ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺑﺩﺃ ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﺍﻟﻁﻔﻝ‬

‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﺑﺩﺍﻟﺣﻠﻳﻡ ﻋﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬

‫ﺃﺳﺗﺎﺫ ﻣﺣﺎﺿﺭ ﺑﻣﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻣﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﺗﻧﺔ ‪ - 1‬ﺍﻟﺟﺯﺍﺋﺭ‬
‫‪abdelhalim.assassi@univ-batna.dz‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺑﺭﻳﺩ ﺍﻹﻟﻛﺗﺭﻭﻧﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﻓﻬﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﺿﺭﺓ ‪6‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺩﻣﺔ‪02...................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪02...................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻧﺑﺫﺓ ﻣﺧﺗﺻﺭﺓ ﺣﻭﻝ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪02.....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪03..........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‪04..............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -5‬ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‪04.............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺇﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪04....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﺃﻣﺛﻠﺔ ﻟﻣﺷﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪05.................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﺗﻣﺔ‪07....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ‪08.................................................................................................................‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﻘﺩﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻣﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻔﺎﻫﻳﻡ ﺗﻐﻳﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺳﻠﺑﻲ ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻭ ﺇﻳﺟﺎﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺭﻏﻡ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﺎﻹﻧﺳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺋﻣﺎ ‪ -‬ﺻﺎﺋﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺧﻁﺋﺎ ﻗﺎﺻﺩﺍ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻳﺭ ﻗﺎﺻﺩ ‪ -‬ﻳﺻﺑﻭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺣﺳﻳﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻳﺷﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺗﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﺳﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﻧﺗﻣﻲ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ ﺑﺣﻘﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﺟﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻠﻳﻪ ﻳﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﺍﺳﺗﻣﺭﺍﺭﺍ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻧﺟﺎﺣﺎ ﻣﻌﻧﻭﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﺎﺩﻳﺎ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻅﻬﺭ ﻣﺻﻁﻠﺢ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﺭﺑﻁ ﺇﺭﺗﺑﺎﻁﺎ ﻭﺛﻳﻘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻝ ﺗﻠﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺣﻘﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺗﻭﺟﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻥ ﺃﺟﻝ ﺍﻟﺧﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻔﺗﺭﺽ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻐﺭﺱ ﻓﻳﻪ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻳﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺟﻌﻝ ﻣﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﻣﻳﺎ ﻭﻣﻭﺭﺛﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ ﻧﻔﺳﻪ ﻟﻣﻘﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﻅﻳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻭﻓﺭ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻳﻣﻭﻣﺔ ﺑﻣﺧﺗﻠﻑ ﺃﺷﻛﺎﻟﻬﻣﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﻭﺍﻋﻬﻣﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﺛﺭ ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻣﻲ ﺣﻭﻝ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫" ﻋﺭﻓﺕ ﻟﺟﻧﺔ ﺑﺭﻳﻧﺩﺗﻼﻧﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻸﻣﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1987‬ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ " ﺗﻌﻧﻲ ﺗﻠﺑﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺿﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﻘﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺟﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﺑﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺗﻪ" ‪.1‬‬
‫ﻭﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻳﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﺑﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﺣﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫" ﺍﻹﻧﺳﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﺣﻘﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﻣﺣﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺇﺣﻳﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩﻳﺔ ) ‪.2 " (People , Plant , Profit‬‬

‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺑﺣﺙ ﻣﻧﺷﻭﺭ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1987‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺭ ﻟﻠﻬﻧﺩﺳﺔ ﻣﻘﺩﻡ ﻣﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﻣﻳﺳﻭﻥ ﻣﺣﻲ ﻫﻼﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺧﻭﻟﺔ ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﻬﺩﻱ ﻭﺧﻭﻟﺔ ﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﻛﻭﺛﺭ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻭﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺅﺗﻣﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺗﻣﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪:3‬‬
‫‪ " -‬ﺩﻋﻡ ﻳﻣﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﻭﺍﺻﻝ ﺍﻭ ﻳﺑﻘﻰ "‪.‬‬
‫‪ " -‬ﻫﻲ ﺻﻔﺔ ﺗﺻﻑ ﺷﻳﺋﺎ ﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺅﻩ ﺩﻋﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﻏﺫﺍء ﺃﻭ ﺯﻭﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻭﻥ ﻭﺑﻬﺫﺍ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺷﻲء‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﻭﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﻣﺳﺗﻣﺭﺃﻭ ﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺇﻁﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻣﺭﻩ "‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻧﺑﺫﺓ ﻣﺧﺗﺻﺭﺓ ﺣﻭﻝ ﻅﻬﻭﺭ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬
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‫ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﺣﺛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺭﻳﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺭﺍﺣﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﺃﺛﻧﺎﺋﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﻡ ﺍﺳﺗﻐﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﺔ ﺑﻼ ﻋﻘﻼﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1962‬ﺗﻡ ﻧﺷﺭ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﺔ ﺭﺍﺷﻳﻝ ﻛﺎﺭﻟﺳﻭﻥ ﺑﻌﻧﻭﺍﻥ "ﺍﻟﺭﺑﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺻﺎﻣﺕ" ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺗﻧﺎﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺛﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1965‬ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﺭﺍﻟﻑ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺣﻣﻠﺔ ﺿﺩ ﺷﺭﻛﺔ ﺟﻧﺭﺍﻝ ﻣﻭﺗﻭﺭﺯ ﻭﺃﺛﺎﺭ ﻗﺿﻳﺔ ﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻟﻠﺳﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1968‬ﺗﻡ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻁﺔ ﻏﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺳﻣﻳﺔ ﻟﺷﺧﺻﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ ﺭﺍﺋﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺟﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﻣﺕ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼﻙ ﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩﻱ ﻏﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪.‬‬

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‫‪www.academicimpact.un.org‬‬
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‫‪www.egyres.com‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﺴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻲ ﻫﻼﻝ‪ ،.‬ﺧﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﻬﺪﻱ‪ ،.‬ﺧﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﻮﺛﺮ‪ » ،(2014) ،.‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ «‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮ ﻟﻠﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ‪ - 9‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪.6‬‬
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‫‪www.egyres.com‬‬
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 ‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1969‬ﺗﻡ ﺍﻻﻋﺗﺭﺍﺽ ﻋﺑﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻝ ﻧﺷﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻧﺷﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﻭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻣﺭﻳﻛﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻥ " ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻁﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﻭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻔﻳﺢ ﺳﺎﺧﻥ "‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1983‬ﺻﺩﺭ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺭ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺗﺭﻙ "‪ "Our common future‬ﺑﻌﺩ ﺍﺟﺗﻣﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﺟﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﺑﻧﺎ ًء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻠﺏ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺁﻧﺫﺍﻙ ﺑﻬﺩﻑ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ ﺍﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺯﺍﻳﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻭﺍﻗﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺳﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻟﺗﺩﻫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﺷﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ :1987‬ﺻﺩﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﺛﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺭﻳﺭ ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺗﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻥ ﺿﻣﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﺭﻳﺭ ﻧﺫﻛﺭ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫• " ﺍﻟﻔﺷﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻁﻭﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺧﻁﺭ ﻳﻬﺩﺩ ﻛﻝ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ "‪.‬‬
‫• " ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻟﻳﺳﺕ ﺗﺣﺩﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻧﻔﺻﻠﺔ ﻭﻟﻛﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﻣﺗﺻﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻣﺣﺎﻟﺔ؛ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺳﺎﺏ ﺗﺩﻫﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﻧﺣﻥ ﻧﻔﺻﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻣﻭ ﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻠﻳﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺎﻛﻝ ﻻ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺣﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺟﺯﺃﺓ ﻭﻓﻬﻡ ﻣﺭﺗﺑ َ‬
‫ﻁﻳﻥ ﺑﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﻘﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺗﻳﺟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﺑﺏ "‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬
‫• " ﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺔ ﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﻭﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻧﻳﻥ؛ ﺣﻳﺙ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩ ﻭﻣﺷﺎﻛﻠﻬﻡ ﻣﺭﺗﺑﻁﻳﻥ ﺑﻌﻭﺍﻣﻝ ﺍﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﺳﻳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻝ ﺑﺄﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻭﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﻔﻭﺫ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ ﻳﻛﻣﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﺗﺣﺩﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻭﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ‪" ...‬‬

‫‪ -3‬ﺃﻫﺩﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬

‫ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺳﺑﻊ ﻋﺷﺭ ﻫﺩﻓﺎ ﻳﻔﺗﺭﺽ ﺗﺣﻘﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﺓ ﻗﺩﺭﻫﺎ ﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺳﻧﺔ ﺇﺑﺗﺩﺍء‬
‫ﻣﻥ ‪ 25‬ﺳﺑﺗﻣﺑﺭ ‪ 2015‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ ‪:5‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺟﻭﻉ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﺟﻳﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻓﺎﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻌﻠﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﻳﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺟﻧﺳﻳﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﻳﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻧﻅﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﻅﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﺣﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻧﻅﻳﻔﺔ ﻭﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﻘﻭﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﻖ ﻭﻧﻣﻭ ﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺗﻛﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻳﺎﻛﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺣﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻭﺍﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺩﻥ ﻭﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺣﻠﻳﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼﻙ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺅﻭﻻﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﺗﺣﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺎء‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺑﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺅﺳﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋﻘﺩ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﺍﻛﺎﺕ ﻟﺗﺣﻘﻳﻖ ﺍﻷﻫﺩﺍﻑ‪.‬‬

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‫‪www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
 ‫‪ -4‬ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺩ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 2011‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ "‪ "CIC START ONLINE‬ﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﻋﻠﻣﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻏﺭﻳﺎﺭﺳﻭﻥ ﺗﺣﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ "ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﻭﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ" ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:6‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﺣﻳﺙ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﻠﻭﻝ ﺗﻧﻣﻭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﺫ ﺑﻌﻳﻥ ﺍﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺑﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﻝ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺳﺎﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺧﺿﺭﺍء‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﺥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺣﺗﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﻭﻛﺏ ﻭﺍﺣﺩ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺇﻁﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺭﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ ﻭﺣﻳﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺑﺭﻳﺔ )ﻣﻊ ﺍﻋﺗﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺑﺩﺃ ﺻﻔﺭ ﻓﺣﻡ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻛﻳﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﺣﻭﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺃﻗﻝ ﻗﺩﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺩﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﻳﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺛﻧﺎء ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﻛﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﺎﺱ ﻳﺷﻌﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺭﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﺑﻘﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﺣﺗﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﺟﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺗﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎﻳﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -5‬ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺩ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 2011‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ "‪ "CIC START ONLINE‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﺭﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻧﻔﺳﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻏﺭﻳﺎﺭﺳﻭﻥ ﺗﺣﺕ ﻋﻧﻭﺍﻥ "ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﻭﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ" ﻋﻣﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:7‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﺯ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻣﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺧﻔﺽ ﺍﻟﻔﺣﻡ ﻭﻛﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﻧﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﻣﻝ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺭﺗﺑﻁﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻳﺯﺍﻧﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻲ )ﺍﻟﺗﻬﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺍﺭﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺟﺩﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺗﺩﻓﺋﺔ )ﺍﻟﻛﺗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﻭﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺷﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻌﻣﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺍﻟﺗﻧﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻘﻳﻳﻡ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﻭﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻭﻛﺳﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺣﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻧﻣﺫﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺇﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺎء ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 2006‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺏ ﺑﻌﻧﻭﺍﻥ "ﺇﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎﺕ ﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ" ﻟﻣﺅﻟﻔﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﻻ ﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺇﺳﺗﺭﺍﺗﻳﺟﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﻟﻳﺔ ‪:8‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻣﺟﺔ )ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺭﺍﺻﺔ( ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻝ ﺍﻟﻧﻘﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺳﺟﺎﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺗﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻐﺫﺍء‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﺷﺎﺭﻛﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺳﻛﻥ ﻟﻠﻛﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﺩﺭﻳﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻭﻅﻳﻑ ﻭﺗﻌﺯﻳﺯ ﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺻﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻓﺎﻫﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻭﻓﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺗﻘﻼﻟﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺟﺩﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻭﺳﺎﺋﻝ‪ :‬ﻭﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﻷﻁﻭﻝ ﻣﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻧﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﻣﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﺗﺟﻧﺏ ﻧﺿﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﻧﻊ ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻝ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺣﺗﻳﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﻛﻔﺎءﺓ ﻭﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﺿﺭﺍء‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻣﺎء‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺗﻘﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻔﺎءﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺩﻳﻣﻭﻣﺔ ﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪www.cicstart.org/events/events/212,469/Principles-and-Processes-Related-to-Sustainable-Building-‬‬
‫‪Design.html‬‬
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‫‪Design.html‬‬
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‫‪Poala, Sassi., (2006), « Strategies for Sustainable Architecture ». Taylor & Francis Inc.‬‬
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 ‫‪ -7‬ﺃﻣﺛﻠﺔ ﻟﻣﺷﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺭﻭﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﻧﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻳﺗﻧﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﺷﺭﻛﺔ ﻓﻭ ﺗﺭﻭﻧﻎ ﻧﻐﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻳﺗﻧﺎﻣﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻡ ﺇﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪.2013‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ .01‬ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﺟﻭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺭﻭﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﻧﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻳﺗﻧﺎﻡ‬

‫)ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪(www.archdaily.com :‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ .02‬ﺻﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﺭﻭﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﺭﺍﻋﻳﺔ ﺑﺩﻭﻧﻎ ﻧﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻳﺗﻧﺎﻡ‬

‫)ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪(www.archdaily.com :‬‬

‫ﺃﺳﺗﺧﺩﻣﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺧﺿﺭﺍء ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﺫﻛﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺩﻛﺗﻭﺭ ﻳﺣﻲ ﻭﺯﻳﺭﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﻪ "ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺻﺩﻳﻖ ﻟﻠﺑﻳﺋﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺣﻭ ﻋﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﺿﺭﺍء" ﻭﻫﻲ ‪:9‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻛﻳﻑ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﺥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻘﻠﻳﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺣﺗﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﻗﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺣﺗﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻌﻣﻠﻳﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﺷﺎﻣﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 9‬ﻳﺤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻱ‪ » ،(2007) ،.‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺤﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍء «‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻛﺷﺎﻑ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺻﻳﻑ "‪ "15 – EHD‬ﺑﺳﺎﻥ ﻓﺭﺍﻧﺳﻳﺳﻛﻭ ﺑﺎﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 2016‬ﺗﻣﺕ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺟﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻬﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﺧﺗﺎﺭﺗﻪ ﻟﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺿﻣﻥ ﺍﻓﺿﻝ ﻋﺷﺭﺓ ﻣﺷﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﺧﺿﺭﺍء ﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻓﺭﺻﺔ ﻟﺗﺣﻘﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺗﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﻣﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺷﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ "‪ "EHDD‬ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ ‪.10‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ .03‬ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﻛﺷﺎﻑ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺭﺻﻳﻑ "‪ "15 – EHD‬ﺑﺳﺎﻥ ﻓﺭﺍﻧﺳﻳﺳﻛﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻭﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﺭﻳﻛﻳﺔ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪(www.archdaily.com :‬‬

‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺣﻭﻝ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﺟﺎء ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪:11‬‬
‫"ﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﻧﺩﺳﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﻗﺩﻳﻡ ﻣﻥ ‪ 1931‬ﻡ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﺩﺍﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﻡ ﺍﻻﺣﺗﻔﺎﻅ‬
‫ﺑﻧﻭﺍﻓﺫﻩ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻳﺔ ﻟﺿﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﻓﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺿﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﺗﻡ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻣﻳﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺧﻠﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺟﺎﻧﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻛﻭﺳﻳﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺑﺭﻳﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻣﺿﺧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻧﺎﺑﻳﺏ ﻟﻠﺗﺩﻓﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺭﻭﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﺳﻔﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺗﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻋﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻳﺿﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻧﻰ ﺳﻁﺢ ﺑﻁﻭﻝ ‪ 243‬ﻡ ﻳﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﻻﻧﺗﺎﺝ ‪ 3,1‬ﻣﻳﺟﺎ ﻭﺍﻁ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺳﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻣﻊ ﻣﻳﺎﻩ ﺍﻻﻣﻁﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﺗﻧﻅﻳﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺣﻳﺽ "‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﺗﺎﻣﻰ "‪ "SOS‬ﺑﺗﺎﺩﺟﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺟﻳﺑﻭﺗﻲ‪ :‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﺻﻣﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﻥ ﻁﺭﻑ ﺷﺭﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻳﺭﻛﻭ ﺳﺎﻧﺷﺎﺯ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻣﺎﺭﻳﻳﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﺑﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻡ ﺇﻓﺗﺗﺎﺣﻪ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪.2014‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ .04‬ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻭﻳﺔ ﻟﻘﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﺗﺎﻣﻰ "‪ "SOS‬ﺑﺗﺎﺩﺟﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺟﻳﺑﻭﺗﻲ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪(www.archdaily.com :‬‬

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‫‪www.albenaamag.com‬‬
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‫‪www.albenaamag.com‬‬
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 ‫ﺍﻟﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﻗﻡ ‪ .05‬ﺻﻭﺭﺗﻳﻥ ﻭﻣﺧﻁﻁ ﺇﺟﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻭﻣﻘﻁﻌﻳﻥ ﻟﻘﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﺗﺎﻣﻰ "‪ "SOS‬ﺑﺗﺎﺩﺟﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺟﻳﺑﻭﺗﻲ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺩﺭ‪(www.archdaily.com :‬‬

‫ﻣﻥ ﺃﻫﻡ ﻣﻣﻳﺯﺍﺕ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﺭﻭﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻣﺣﺎﻓﻅﺔ ﺑﻼ ﺳﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻬﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻣﻼﻗﻑ ﺍﻟﻬﻭﺍء‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺗﻅﻠﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺳﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺳﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﺑﻧﺎء ﺗﻌﻛﺱ ﻁﺑﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺩﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻧﺻﺭ ﺍﻷﺧﺿﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﺎﺗﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺗﺻﺭ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺩﺉ ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ﺑﻘﺿﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ ﻷﻁﻭﻝ ﻣﺩﺓ ﻣﻣﻛﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻠﻭﺛﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﻳﺋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻏﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺻﺑﻭ ﺇﻟﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻳﺑﻘﻰ ﺟﺯﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻘﺎﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺣﺑﺭﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺩﺍﺧﻳﻝ ﻓﺭﺿﺕ ﺻﻌﻭﺩ ﻛﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻭﻧﺯﻭﻝ ﻛﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻛﻝ ﺃﺻﻧﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺳﻠﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺿﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺑﻌﻳﺩ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻳﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﻭﺳﻁ‪ ،‬ﺭﻏﻡ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻧﺟﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻬﺗﻣﺔ ﺑﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺿﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻁﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻟﻳﺻﺑﺢ ﺃﻳﺿﺎ ﻣﺭﺗﺑﻁﺎ ﺑﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﺎﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺎﺓ ﺍﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻳﻭﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻘﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻣﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﺑﻳﻌﻳﺔ ﺗﻭﺍﺯﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻻﺳﺗﺩﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﺑﺩﺍ ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻁﻔﻝ ﺍﻟﻳﻭﻡ ﻭﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻁﻔﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﺩ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻲ ﻫﻼﻝ‪ ،.‬ﺧﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﻬﺪﻱ‪ ،.‬ﺧﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﻮﺛﺮ‪ » ،(2014) ،.‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﺍﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ «‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ﺍﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺮ ﻟﻠﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ‪ - 9‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ‪.6‬‬
‫ﻳﺤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻱ‪ » ،(2007) ،.‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﺤﻮ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍء «‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺟﻠﻳﺯﻳﺔ‬

‫‪Poala, Sassi., (2006), « Strategies for Sustainable Architecture ». Taylor & Francis Inc.‬‬

‫ﻣﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺇﻧﺗﺭﻧﺕ‬
‫‪www.academicimpact.un.org‬‬
‫‪www.albenaamag.com‬‬
‫‪www.archdaily.com‬‬
‫‪www.cicstart.org/events/events/212,469/Principles-and-Processes-Related-to-Sustainable-Building-Design.html‬‬
‫‪www.egyres.com‬‬
‫‪www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/‬‬

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