Junior High School

Grade 7

English

ENGLISH LEARNING KIT

First Quarter - Week 5

Direct and Reported Speech

1
Grade 7-English
Grade 7-English
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 English – Grade 7
English Learning Kit
Direct and Reported Speech
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This English Learning Kit is published to be utilized by the Schools Division

of Iloilo.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.

Development Team of English Learning Kit

Writers: Maribel T. Aguilar, Vivian Grace T. Tigalina, Michelle T. Orquinaza

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Mark T. Dasa

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Jun Victor Bactan,
Ricky T. Salabe

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay, Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Ricky T. Salabe, Sanil John S. Perez
Michelle T. Orquinaza

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion

2
Grade 7-English
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Direct and Reported Speech

BEGIN

As a high school learner, you must

remember that communication is very
important. As a learner of the English
language, you must bear in mind that
inability to use the language will lead to
miscommunication. Thus, you should
learn how to effectively deliver a message
that is accurate and relevant.

Using direct and reported speech

will help you in relaying a message from a
source. In this lesson, you will learn how
to use direct and reported speech
correctly, may it be written or spoken.

Enjoy this ride!

TARGETS

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify direct and reported speeches,

2. transform a direct speech into reported speech and vice versa; and
3. use direct and reported speech in varied contexts.

Grade 7-English 3
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 TRY THIS

Activity 1
DIRECT OR REPORTED
Directions: Read the statements below. Identify whether the sentence is a direct speech
or a reported speech. Write your answers in English notebook.
1. The teacher says, “Always follow the instructions given on the test.”
2. The class president announced that attendance would be checked during the
program.
3. Mother said that my father prepared a gift for my birthday.
4. The doctor said to a little girl, “Eat plenty of healthy foods and avoid soda drinks.”
5. The principal said, “Be obliged of your responsibility if you are given a task.”
6. Ramon says he loves basketball.
7. They said to their teacher, “We do not know where to put these boxes of books.”
8. Rey asked where his phone was.
9. Mother said, “My brother is the one assigned to record the enrollees’ data at the
Barangay.”
10. My friend invited me to go with them the next day.

11.

DO THIS

Activity 2
FIND ME!
Directions: Read the given dialogues and answer the questions that follow in your
English notebook.

Dialogue 1

Vivian: Hello, Liza! How are you?

Liza: I am fine.
Vivian: Wow! That is good. Let us go to the park.
Liza: I am so sorry Vivian; I cannot go with you because my mother
is not around.
Vivian: Okay, I understand. I will tell Belle about this.
Liza: Thank you, Liza.

Grade 7-English 4
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Dialogue 2

Vivian: Hi, Belle!

Belle: Hello, Vivian! Are you ready?
Vivian: Yes, Let’s go!
Belle: Wait. Where is Liza? Have you told her about our plan?
Vivian: Yes, I told Liza to go with us to the park.
Belle: But, where is she?
Vivian: Liza was so sorry and she told me that she couldn’t go with us
because her mother was not around.
Belle: Okay. Maybe, next time she will be with us.

Process questions:
1. What are the similarities of the underlined sentences?
2. What differences have you noticed?

EXPLORE
E

Congratulations! You did well! Now, lets us

answer the following questions related to the
previous activity.

1. How do you feel about the activity?

2. What difficulties have you encountered in finding the similarities and differences
of the underlined sentences.
3. How did you resolve these difficulties that you have encountered?

Grade 7-English 5
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 KEEP THIS IN MIND

Well done! You have successfully made a

meaningful connection after answering the previous
activities. Now you are all set for the discussion
about direct and reported speech.

Direct Speech - convey the message of the speaker in his own actual words without any
change to another person.

Indirect Speech/Reported Speech - we convey the message of the speaker in our own
words to another person.

Procedure of Changing Direct Speech into Indirect speech

1. Remove comma and inverted commas.
2. Put "that" between the reporting and reported speeches. (it is optional to put "that"
between the reporting and reported speech)
3. Change the 1st letter of reported speech into small letter except for "I"
4. Change the pronoun of the direct speech
5. Change the tense of the direct speech appropriately
6. Change the words expressing nearness in time or places of the direct speech into
its appropriate words expressing distance

Rules for Changing Direct into Indirect Speech

1. The past tense is often used when it is uncertain if the statement is true or when we
are reporting objectively.

Indirect Speech Conversion Direct Speech Condition

Present Tenses in the Direct If the reporting or principal verb is in the Past
Speech are changed into Past Tense.
Tense.

If in direct speech you find say/says or will say.

Do Not Change Tense of reported Direct speech the words within the quotation
Speech in Indirect Speech marks talk of a universal truth or habitual action.
sentence
The reporting verb is in a present tense.

Grade 7-English 6
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 a. When there are two sentences combined with the help of a conjunction and
both sentences have got different tenses, then change the tenses of both
sentences according to the rule.
b. Words expressing nearness in time or places are generally changed into
words expressing distance.

Direct Speech Word Indirect Speech Word

Here There

Today that day

this morning that morning

Yesterday the day before

Tomorrow the next day

next week the following week

next month the following month

Change of place Now Then

and time
Ago Before

Thus So

Last Night the night before

This That

These Those

Hither Thither

Hence Thence

Come Go

Grade 7-English 7
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Change in Pronouns
The pronouns of the Direct Speech are changed where necessary, according to
their relations with the reporter and his listener, rather than with the original speaker. If you
change direct speech into indirect speech, the pronouns will change in the following ways.

Rules Direct Speech Indirect Speech

The first person of the reported She says, "I am in tenth class." She says, "I am in
speech changes according to the tenth class."
subject of reporting speech.

The second person of reported He says to them, "You have He tells them that they
speech changes according to the completed your job." have completed their
object of reporting speech. job.

The third person of the reported She says, "She is in tenth She says that she is in
speech doesn't change. class." tenth class.

Change in Tenses
The past perfect and past perfect continuous tenses do not change.

Rules Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Simple Present Changes "I always drink coffee," she said She said that she always
To drank coffee.
Simple Past

Present Continuous "I am reading a book," he He explained that he was

Changes explained. reading a book
To
Past Continuous

Present Perfect Changes She said, "He has finished his She said that he had finished
To work" his work.
Past Perfect

Present Perfect "I have been to Spain", he told me. He told me that he had been
Continuous Changes to Spain.
To
Past Perfect Continuous

Simple Past Changes "Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. He said that Bill had arrived on
To Saturday
Past Perfect

Grade 7-English 8
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Past Perfect Changes "I had just turned out the light," he He explained that he had just
To explained. turned out the light.
Past Perfect (No Change
In Tense)

Past Continuous "We were living in Paris", they told They told me that they had
Changes me. been living in Paris.
To
Past Perfect Continuous

Future Changes "I will be in Geneva on Monday", He said that he would be in

To he said Geneva on Monday.
Present Conditional

Future Continuous She said, "I'll be using the car next She said that she would be
Changes Friday." using the car next Friday.
To
Conditional Continuous

Changes in Modals

Rules Direct Speech Indirect Speech

CAN changes into He said, "I can drive a car". He said that he could drive a car.
COULD

MAY changes into He said, "I may buy a He said that he might buy a
MIGHT computer" computer.

MUST changes into HAD He said, "I must work hard" He said that he had to work hard.
TO

These Modals Do Not Change: Would, could, might, should, ought to.

Would They said, "we would apply for They said that they would apply for
a visa" visa.

Could He said, "I could run faster" He said that he could run faster.

Might John said, "I might meet him". John said that he might meet him.

Should He said, "I should avail the He said that he should avail the
opportunity" opportunity.

Ought to He said to me, "you ought to He said to me that I ought to wait

wait for him" for him.

Grade 7-English 9
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Changes for Imperative Sentences
Imperative sentences consist any of these four things:

a. Order
b. Request
c. Advice
d. Suggestion

Most commonly used words to join clauses together are ordered, requested,
advised and suggested. Forbid(s)/ forbade is used for the negative sentences.

Mood of Sentence in Reporting verb in indirect verb

Direct Speech

Order ordered

Request requested / entreated

Advice advised / urged

Never told, advised or forbade (no need of "not" after "forbade")

Direction directed

Suggestion suggested to

Warning warn

(If a person is addressed called

directly)

Exclamatory Sentences
Exclamatory sentences express emotions. Interjections such as Hurrah, wow, alas,
oh, ah are used to express emotions. The word "that" is used as join clause.
Rules for Conversion of Exclamatory Direct Speech Sentences into Indirect Speech
Sentences

1. Exclamatory sentence changes into assertive sentence.

2. Interjections are removed.
3. Exclamation mark changes into full stop.
4. W.H words like, "what" and "how" are removed and before the
adjective of reported speech we put "very"
5. Changes of "tenses", "pronouns" and "adjectives" will be according to
the previous rules.

Grade 7-English 10
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Mood of Sentence in Direct Speech Reporting verb in indirect verb

sorrow in reported speech exclaimed with sorrow/ grief/ exclaimed

sorrowfully or cried out

happiness in reported speech exclaimed with joy/ delight/ exclaimed joyfully

surprise in reported speech exclaimed with surprise/ wonder/

astonishment"

appreciation and it is being expressed applauded

strongly

Interrogative Sentences
Interrogative sentences are of two types:
1. Interrogative with auxiliaries at the beginning.
2. Interrogatives with who, where, what, when, how etc., i.e. wh questions.

Rules for Conversion of Interrogative Direct Speech Sentence into Indirect Speech
Sentences
There are some rules to change direct to Indirect speech of Interrogative sentence:

RULES

Changes Direct Speech Condition Indirect Speech Condition

Reporting said/ said to asked, inquired or demanded.

Verb

If sentence begins with joining clause should be if or whether.

auxiliary verb
Joining
Clause If sentence begins with then no conjunction is used as
"wh" questions "question-word" itself act as joining
clause.

Punctuation question mark full stop

sentences is expressing do/does is removed from sentence.

positive feeling
Helping
if 'No' is used in do/does is changed into did.
Verbs
interrogative sentences

did or has/have had

o Helping verbs (is, am, are, was, were) are used after the subject.
o Adverbs and pronouns are converted according to the table 1 and table 2
respectively.

Grade 7-English 11
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Punctuation in Direct Speech
In direct speech, various punctuation conventions are used to separate the quoted
words from the rest of the text: this allows a reader to follow what's going on.
Here are the basic rules:

RULES EXAMPLES

The words that are actually spoken should be

'He's very clever, you know.'
enclosed in inverted commas

'They think it's a more respectable

Start new paragraph every time when a new
job,' said Joe.
speaker says something.
'I don't agree,' I replied

Comma, full stop, question mark, or exclamation

'Can I come in?' he asked.
mark must be present at the end of reported
'Just a moment!' she shouted.
sentences. This is placed inside the closing
'You're right,' he said.
inverted comma or commas.

If direct speech comes after the information about

who is speaking, comma is used to introduce the
Steve replied, 'No problem.'
piece of speech, placed before the first inverted
comma.

If the direct speech is broken up by information 'You're right,' he said. 'It feels
about who is speaking, comma (or a question mark strange.'
or exclamation mark) is used to separate the two 'Thinking back,' she said, 'he didn't
reported speech expect to win.'

Rules for Conversion of Indirect Speech to Direct Speech

To change from Indirect to Direct Speech, the rules of the Direct Speech are
applied in the reverse order.
1. Use the reporting verb, "say" or "said to" in its correct tense.
2. Remove the conjunctions "that, to, if or whether etc". wherever necessary.
3. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and fullstop, wherever
necessary.
4. Put a comma before the statement.
5. Write the first word of the statement with capital letter.
6. Change the past tense into present tense wherever the reporting verb is in the past
tense.
7. Convert the past perfect either into past tense or present perfect as found
necessary.
8. Be careful about the order of words in the question.

Grade 7-English 12
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 The following table will enable to find the kind of sentence:

Indirect (Conjunction) Direct (Kind of Sentence)

That Statement (or) Exclamatory sentence

to, not to Imperative

requested + to Begin the imperative sentence with "please"

if or whether Interrogative sentence (Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb

+ ...?)

What, When, How etc., (Wh or How + Helping Verb + Subject + Main Verb + ...?)
Source: Jim Scrievener, “Direct and Indirect Speech Theory,” Online Labs for schools -
Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham and CDAC Online Lab, 2015. Accessed July 29,
2020. https://cdac.olabs.edu.in/?sub=84.

SUM UP

You are almost done with this learning

kit. You have identified the difference
between direct and reported speech and have
learned how to use each of them. Now, let us
review important information about this topic.

In direct speech, the message of the speaker that is conveyed to another

person is in his own actual words without any change while in indirect speech, the
message of the speaker is in another person’s own words.

In changing Direct Speech into Indirect speech, a procedure is followed:

1. Remove comma and inverted commas.

2. Put "that" between the reporting and reported speeches. (It is optional to put
"that" between the reporting and reported speech.)
3. Change the 1st letter of reported speech into small letter except for "I"
4. Change the pronoun of the direct speech according to the rules.
5. Change the tense of the direct speech appropriately according to the rules.
6. Change the words expressing nearness in time or places of the direct
speech into its appropriate words expressing distance.

Grade 7-English 13
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 To change from Indirect to Direct Speech, the rules of the Direct Speech are
applied in the reverse order.
1. Use the reporting verb, "say" or "said to" in its correct tense.
2. Remove the conjunctions "that, to, if or whether etc." wherever necessary.
3. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and full stop, wherever
necessary.
4. Put a comma before the statement.
5. Write the first word of the statement with capital letter.
6. Change the past tense into present tense wherever the reporting verb is in
the past tense.
7. Convert the past perfect either into past tense or present perfect as found
necessary.
8. Be careful about the order of words in the question.

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Activity 3.1
FILL ME IN!
Directions: Copy the sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct verb or pronoun to
complete the reported speech in your English notebook.
1. Direct Speech: Father says, “We will deliver the materials in the office.”
Reported Speech: Father says that they ____ deliver the materials in the
office.
2. Direct Speech: You said, “I am not the one who ordered the food.”
Reported Speech: You said that you ____ not the one who ordered the food.

3. Direct Speech: “You must work harder to achieve your goals in life,” my
grandfather told me.
Reported Speech: My grandfather told me that ____ must work harder to
achieve my goals in life.
4. Direct Speech: The teacher said, “You have to complete the needed data
before you submit the survey form.”
Reported Speech: The teacher said that I _____ to complete the needed
data before I submit the survey form.
5. Direct Speech: “Have you brought with you the toys?” Annie asked.
Reported Speech: Annie asked if I _____ brought the toys with me.

Grade 7-English 14
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Activity 3.2
LET US TRANSFORM!
Directions: Copy the sentences in your notebook. Then, transform the direct speech into
indirect speech and vice versa.

1. The man asked, “Where is the library?”

2. “Have you seen Ali?” Mary asked.
3. “100% of the class passed this school year,” our teacher announced.
4. Our adviser says, “Nobody is allowed to buy outside the campus.”
5. “It is dangerous to go beyond the yellow line,” my aunt warned us.
6. Our class president asked if we were attending the symposium with her.
7. The police officer ordered everyone not to go out the house at 9:00 in the
evening.
8. The principal announced that the new building would be turned over to the
school the next day.
9. The supply officer asked how many of us needed supplies.
10. The priest says that the mass starts at 7:00 in the morning.

Activity 3.3
PASS THE PASSAGE
Directions: On your English notebook, write a short passage about your own experience.
Use at least five (5) direct speeches and five (5) indirect speeches in your
passage. Choose from the topics below.

1. A Summer Getaway 3. My Birthday was Fun

2. A Memorable Holiday 4. I Love Sports

REFLECT
REFLECT

Good job! You have done well in

answering the previous tasks. This time, let us
check how well you appreciate your learning of
this topic.
e! You have shown great improvement
Activity 4 after accomplishing all the tasks in each lesson.
LET US REFLECT
This time you will reflect on your work and rate
Directions: State
your your reflection by completing the following sentences. Do this in
confidence.
your English notebook.
Learning about direct and reported speech is important because_________ .
This topic can be helpful to me in terms of ___________________________.

Grade 7-English 15
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
English notebook.

For items 1-3. Which among the choices is the correct reported speech of the given direct
speech?

1. Larry asked, “What is your answer to my riddle?”

A. Larry asked what is your answer to my riddle.
B. Larry asked if what is my answer to his riddle.
C. Larry asked what my answer to his riddle was.
D. Larry asked what is my answer to his riddle.

2. “Can you give me a discount?” the customer asked Jenny.

A. The customer asked Jenny if she can give him a discount.
B. The customer asked Jenny if she could give him a discount.
C. The customer asks Jenny if she can give him a discount.
D. The customer was asked by Jenny to give him a discount.

3. “Please go with us tomorrow,’ my best friend requested.

A. My best friend requested me to go with them tomorrow.
B. My best friend requests me to go with them tomorrow.
C. My best friend requested me to go with them the next day.
D. My best friend requests me to go with them the next day.

For items 4-6. Which among the following is the correct direct speech of the given
reported speech?

4. Mother asked me where I put her eyeglasses.

A. “Vivian, where did you put my eyeglasses?” Mother asked me.
B. “Vivian, where you put her eyeglasses?“ Mother asked me.
C. Mother asked me, “Where did I put her eyeglasses?“
D. Mother asked me, “Where you put my eyeglasses?“

5. My sister says that she is scared of watching horror movies alone.

A. “I am scared of watching horror movies alone,” my sister says.
B. “She is scared of watching horror movies alone,” my sister says.
C. “I am scared of watching horror movies alone,” my sister said.
D. My sister said, “She is scared of watching horror movies alone.”

Grade 7-English 16
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 6. My father asked if I wanted to celebrate my birthday at the beach.
A. “Do you want to celebrate your birthday at the beach?” my father asks.
B. My father asked, “Do you want to celebrate your birthday at the beach?”
C. My father asked, “Do I want to celebrate my birthday at the beach?”
D. “Let’s celebrate your birthday at the beach,” my father asked.

For items 7-8. What pair of verb and pronoun must complete the sentence?

7. Direct Speech: “Where are you going?” my mother asked me.

Reported Speech: My mother asked me where _____ _____ going.
A. you, are C. you, were
B. I, am D. I, was

8. Direct Speech: The man asked, “How many cans did they open?”
Reported Speech: The man asked how many cans _____ _____.
A. they, open C. they, opened
B. we, open D. we, opened

9. Which of the following does NOT belong to the group?

A. “I won!” Xavier exclaimed.
B. Ninia invited me to go to her birthday.
C. Ali: Do you know where the library is?
D. “I will cook dinner for everybody,” Grace said.

10. All of the following are reported speeches EXCEPT ONE. Which one is it?
A. The speaker said that he was very proud to be a product of his Alma Mater.
B. The mayor announced that classes were suspended due to the typhoon.
C. “Only ten will be accommodated today,” the secretary emphasized.
D. The class president told her classmates to make a straight line going to the
clinic.

Grade 7-English 17
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 GLOSSARY

Auxiliary Verb – a verb that adds functional or grammatical meaning to the

clause in which it appears, so as to express tense, aspect,
modality, voice, or emphasis

Conversion – the act or process of changing from one form or state to

another

Direct Speech – is used to convey the message of the speaker in his own
actual words without any change to another person

Exclamatory Sentence – a sentence that expresses a strong feeling

Imperative Sentence – a sentence that gives command or a request

Indirect Speech (also called Reported Speech)

– is used to convey the message of the speaker in another
person’s own words.

Interrogative Sentence – a sentence that asks a question

Passage – a usually brief portion of a written work or speech that is

relevant to a point under discussion or noteworthy for content
or style

Pronoun – a word that is used instead of a noun or noun phrase

Reflection – a thought, idea, or opinion formed or a remark made as a

result of meditation

Symposium – a formal meeting at which experts discuss a particular topic

Transform – to change something completely and usually in a good way

Grade 7-English 18
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 ANSWER KEY

Try This
Activity 1
1. direct speech
2. reported speech
3. reported speech
4. direct speech
5. direct speech
6. reported speech
7. direct speech
8. reported speech
9. direct speech
10. reported speech

Do This
Activity 2 FIND ME!
Varied Responses

Explore
Varied Responses

Apply What You Have Learned

Activity 3.1. FILL ME IN!
1. will
2. were
3. I
4. had
5. had

Activity 3.2. TRANSFORM ME!

1. The man asked where the library was.
2. Mary asked if I had seen Ali.
3. Our teacher announced that 100% of the class passed that school year.
4. Our adviser says that nobody is allowed to buy outside the campus.
5. My aunt warned us that it was dangerous to go beyond the yellow line.
6. Our class president asked, “Are you attending the symposium with me?”
7. “Do not go out the house at 9:00 in the evening,” the police officer ordered
everyone.
8. “The new building will be turned over to the school tomorrow,” the principal
announced.
9. “How many of you need supplies?” the supply officer asked.
10. The priest says, “The mass starts at 7:00 in the morning.”

Grade 7-English 19
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)
 Activity 3.3 PASS THE PASSAGE
Varied Responses

Reflect
Activity 4 LET’S REFLECT!
Varied Responses

Assess What You Have Learned

1. C 6. B
2. B 7. D
3. C 8. C
4. A 9. B
5. A 10. C

REFERENCES

Jim Scrievener, “Direct and Indirect Speech Theory,” Online Labs for schools - Developed by
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham and CDAC Online Lab, 2015. Accessed July
29, 2020. https://cdac.olabs.edu.in/?sub=84.

Grade 7-English 20
Competency: Use direct and reported speech appropriately in varied contexts (EN7G-III-e-3)