Speak

Out

Teacher
Answers
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Contents
Section One: Finding Your Voice ............................................................ 3
Section Two: Listening ............................................................................. 7
Section Three: Language Choice ............................................................. 7
Section Four: Drama and Role Play ....................................................... 9
Section Five: Discussing ......................................................................... 11
Section Six: Giving a Speech .................................................................. 13
Section Seven: Bringing It Together ..................................................... 14

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Section One: Finding your Voice
LO: To understand the basic components of public speaking.

Tone and Volume

Quickfire Question
Can you write a definition for these two terms?
Tone: the pitch, character and quality of your voice – this can
include emotions, such as anger or happiness.
Volume: how loud your voice is.
Give It a Go
How many different tones of voice can you think of? Make a list.
Suggestions:
1. Angry 6. Sly
2. Happy 7. Confident
3. Commanding 8. Miserable
4. Authoritative 9. Placating
5. Uncertain 10. Sincere

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 Breathing
Quickfire Question
Look at the diagram below. Can you work out which labels go where?

lungs vocal chords

ribs mouth

diaphragm trachea

Body Language
Quickfire Question
Write your own definition of the following term.
Body language: our (conscious and unconscious) posture, gestures
and proximity to other people, which communicates a message
about our attitude and feelings.

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Give It a Go
Body language is an important part of how we communicate. The way
we position our body and the gestures we make tell others a lot about
how we are feeling and what we are thinking.
Look at the poses below. Can you describe what they might be
telling us?

Body
What It Tells Me
Language

Emphasising, accusing, teaching or explaining.

OK, agreeing, giving permission.

Unyielding, unsympathetic, distant, authoritative.

Relaxed, casual, feeling like an equal to whoever they

are with.

Thinking, considering, listening carefully.

Sincere, listening, calm.

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 Using Notes
Quickfire Question
What do you think might be the disadvantages of using notes when
speaking to an audience? List as many reasons as you can think of:
Suggestions:
1. It reduces eye contact because we are looking down.
2. It reduces volume because we are looking down – so our voice
is directed at the floor.
3. It confines body language because we are holding something,
so cannot gesture effectively.
4. It reduces confidence because we rely on our notes – and if we
lose them, we panic.
5. It limits spontaneity and naturalness of tone.

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Section Two: Listening
LO: To hone listening and active listening skills.

Active Listening and Acknowledging

Quickfire Question
Can you find a definition for the following terms?
Active listening: listening carefully and being fully engaged; showing
this by making small gestures (such as nodding), or making small
sounds (such as “mmm-hmmm” or “yes”), and asking questions.
Acknowledging: showing that you have heard and understood
someone, either verbally or through gesture.

Section Three: Language Choices

LO: To know how and why we might use language differently.

Jargon
Thinking Point
Who else might use jargon?
Suggestions:
• Pilots
• Teachers
• Footballers
• Chefs
• Builders

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What do you think the advantages and disadvantages might be when
using jargon?
Advantage: you can talk precisely about the given subject to others.
Disadvantage: those without knowledge of the jargon will not
understand you.
Quickfire Question
Look at the words below. Circle any words that you think are jargon.

stethoscope car piston

verb winch book

PPE industry RAM

defender player firewall

Give It a Go
Read the example paragraph below. Using a highlighter, can you identify
any jargon being used?
When you are scuba diving, it is important that you follow some simple
steps before each dive:
1. Make sure that you check your tanks and gear, such as your
snorkel and mask, carefully and complete the buddy check
before each dive.
2. Once in the water, descend slowly and equalise every few feet.
3. When you get down, make sure your buoyancy is dialled in.
4. You may also need to adjust air pressure in your ears. You can
also assess your health suitability for a dive by consulting a doctor
with awareness of the Divers Alert Network (DAN).
5. Don’t forget to regularly check the gauge on your tanks to make
sure you have enough air to continue your dive.

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Section Four: Drama and Role Play
LO: To practise drama and role-play techniques.

Working from a Script

Quickfire Question
When we read a character in a play, what clues do we have to know
what they are like? Make a list.
Suggestions:
1. What they say.
2. What others say about them.
3. How they behave.
4. How others treat them.
5. What the stage directions tell us.

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Give It a Go
Read this short extract from a play. What clues do we get about Marlowe
from the text? Highlight anything which might give you a hint about how
an actor should play his character - annotate to show what it tells you.

The Jacksons’ kitchen. Selma is at the sink, peeling potatoes. Marlowe

enters in his school uniform and dumps his bag on the floor.
Selma: Hello, love. Did you have a good day?
Marlowe: Nope. (Sits.)
Selma: What happened? Did you get into trouble again?
Marlowe: Why d’you say that? Why are you always having a
go at me?
Selma: I’m not. I just-
Marlowe: (Pushes back his chair and stands up.) Can you just
get off my back for five seconds? Everyone’s always
getting at me.
Selma: Maybe there’s a reason for that.
Marlowe: (Shouts.) What’s that supposed to mean?

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Section Section Five: Discussing
LO: To develop skills for effective discussions.

Roles in Group Discussions

Quickfire Question
What makes a good discussion? List five things.
Suggestions:
1. Listening to others.
2. Acknowledging others’ viewpoints.
3. Suggesting ideas.
4. Waiting your turn to speak.
5. Allowing everyone to speak.
What kinds of things happen when a discussion doesn’t work or isn’t
productive? List five things.
Suggestions:
1. People getting angry.
2. People not contributing.
3. People talking over each other.
4. People repeating points.
5. People ignoring others’ viewpoints.
Give It a Go
Look at the roles below that would help to make discussions more
productive. Can you match the definition with the role?

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 A thinker who can query ideas that are put
Listening/ forward in order to develop them further. This
Note Taking may also involve asking for more details or
posing questions about how it might work in
order to grow the idea.

Questioning/ This is an important job because it involves

Clarifying listening and then repeating back ideas in a
concise way. It may also involve sharing verdicts
or outcomes from the discussion in terms of
next steps.

Direction/
Staying
Writing down what is said so that nothing is
on Topic
forgotten. This could be noted down in the form
of a mind map or list.

This person needs to be confident and able to

Summarising/
keep the rest of the team focused on the task at
Consolidating
hand. It is important they know the focus of the
Discussion
discussion to make sure the discussion that is
taking place is relevant.

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Section Section Six: Giving a Speech
LO: To develop skills for effective discussions.

Structuring an Argument
Quickfire Question
Look at the examples below. Which one talks directly to the listener and
engages the listener through direct address?
Extension: Highlight any personal pronouns you can see being used in
either example.

Example 1
Someone needs to do something
about the rubbish that is all
over school. It looks messy. It is
strongly believed that it is down
to the students to sort it out.
Example 2
We need to do something
about the rubbish that is all
over school. Don’t you think it
looks messy? I strongly believe
it is down to us to sort it out.

Quickfire Question
Look at Winston Churchill’s famous speech declaring war. Highlight any
words or phrases that you think are repeated for effect.
…we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight
on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight
in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.
Why do you think it is effective to repeat these phrases? How might it
make you react as a listener?
Suggestions:
• Repetition emphasises the point.
• The use of direct address makes the listener feel included.
• The rhythm of the repetition makes the speech engaging
and memorable.

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Section Seven: Bringing It Together
LO: To practise effective speaking and listening skills.

Quickfire Question
Why are good speaking and listening skills important?

Suggestions:
• They help us to engage with others.
• They help us to communicate our thoughts and ideas.
• They help us to understand the opinions of others.

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