‫االسم\احمد محمد الدسوقي مراد‬

35210023\‫الرقم االكاديمي‬


AC MOTOR
Voltage: 110, 220 or 380VAC
 Torque: 5.38 to 600 Ounce-Inches
 Speed: Up to 1800RPM
 Metric Frame Sizes: 60mm to 100mm
 IEC Frame Sizes: 63, 71, and 80
 Round-Bodied with Square Mounting Flange
 Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled (TEFC)
 Self Starting and Reversible
 Huge Selection, Low-Cost AC Induction Motors. Customization for Specific Requirements Available. Shaft
Modifications and Motor Adders Available

[Company name]
[Date]
We know that the main function of an electric motor is to convert the energy from electrical to
mechanical. There are different types of electric motors available in the market like ac motor and dc
motor where its classification can be done based on different parameters like type of power source,
output motion type, construction & application. These motors operate through the interaction among
the magnetic field of the motor & the flow of current within the winding of a wire to produce force in
the torque form that is applied on the shaft of the motor .
WHAT IS AN AC MOTOR?
AN AC MOTOR OR ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTOR IS
AN ELECTRIC MOTOR THAT CONSISTS OF A STATOR
WITH A COIL THAT IS SUPPLIED WITH
ALTERNATING CURRENT TO CONVERT ELECTRIC
CURRENT INTO MECHANICAL POWER. THE
STATOR IS THE STATIONARY PART OF THE MOTOR
WHILE THE ROTOR IS THE ROTATING PART. AC
MOTORS CAN BE SINGLE OR THREE PHASE WITH
THREE PHASE MOTORS MAINLY USED FOR BULK
POWER CONVERSION. SINGLE PHASE AC MOTORS
ARE USED FOR SMALL POWER CONVERSIONS.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF AC MOTORS, WHICH ARE

SYNCHRONOUS AND INDUCTION. IN A
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, THE ROTATION OF THE
SHAFT IS AT THE SAME PACE AS THE FREQUENCY OF
THE APPLIED CURRENT WITH MULTIPHASE AC
ELECTROMAGNETS ON THE STATOR THAT PRODUCE
A ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD. AN INDUCTION
MOTOR, OR ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, IS A SINGLE
EXCITED MOTOR WHERE CURRENT IS APPLIED TO
ONE PART OF THE MOTOR, THE STATOR. FLUX FROM
THE STATOR CUTS THE SHORT CIRCUITED COIL IN
THE ROTOR, WHICH FEELS TORQUE THAT MAKES THE
ROTOR ROTATE.
A N AC MOTOR OR ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTOR IS AN ELECTRIC MOTOR THAT CONSISTS OF A STATOR WITH A
COIL THAT IS SUPPLIED WITH ALTERNATING CURRENT TO CONVERT ELECTRIC CURRENT INTO MECHANICAL POWER .
T HE STATOR IS THE STATIONARY PART OF THE MOTOR WHILE THE ROTOR IS THE ROTATING PART . AC MOTORS
CAN BE SINGLE OR THREE PHASE WITH THREE PHASE MOTORS MAINLY USED FOR BULK POWER CONVERSION .
S INGLE PHASE AC MOTORS ARE USED FOR SMALL POWER CONVERSIONS .

T HERE ARE TWO TYPES OF AC MOTORS , WHICH ARE SYNCHRONOUS AND INDUCTION . IN A SYNCHRONOUS
MOTOR , THE ROTATION OF THE SHAFT IS AT THE SAME PACE AS THE FREQUENCY OF THE APPLIED CURRENT WITH
MULTIPHASE AC ELECTROMAGNETS ON THE STATOR THAT PRODUCE A ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD . A N INDUCTION
MOTOR , OR ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR , IS A SINGLE EXCITED MOTOR WHERE CURRENT IS APPLIED TO ONE PART OF
THE MOTOR , THE STATOR . F LUX FROM THE STATOR CUTS THE SHORT CIRCUITED COIL IN THE ROTOR , WHICH FEELS
TORQUE THAT MAKES THE ROTOR ROTATE .

AC MOTORS ARE A POWER SOURCE FOR A WIDE VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS DUE TO THEIR FLEXIBILITY ,
EFFICIENCY , AND NOISELESS OPERATION . T HEY ARE USED ON PUMPS , WATER HEATERS , GARDEN EQUIPMENT ,
OVENS , OFF ROAD EQUIPMENT AND ARE COMMONLY FOUND IN MANY APPLIANCES , EQUIPMENT , AND TOOLS .
T HEY ARE AN INTRIGUING AND INTERESTING DEVICE SINCE THEY CAN FIT EASILY INTO A WIDE RANGE OF
APPLICATIONS .

T HE DESIGN OF AC MOTORS IS RATHER STRAIGHTFORWARD WITH THEIR MAGNETICALLY DRIVEN COPPER WOUND
STATOR that has a rotating magnetic field created over it. AC induction motors meet IE3 and IE4
requirements, the international standards for motor efficiency.

HOW AC MOTORS WORK

T HE MAIN COMPONENTS OF AN AC MOTOR ARE THE STATOR , STATIONARY OUTER DRUM , AND THE ROTOR , THE
ROTATING inner portion attached to the motor shaft. The stator and the rotor produce rotating magnetic
fields. The winding of the stator that creates the rotating field is created by alternating current.

In an AC motor the winding serves as the armature and field winding. When the stator is connected to
an AC supply flux an air gap is formed rotating the flux at a fixed synchronous speed, which produces
voltages in the stator and rotor winding.

An AC motor can be started by a simple on and off switch, which can be a contactor or manual starter.
TYPES OF AC MOTORS
The AC motor, invented by Nikola Tesla, is used in dozens of applications in every place in the world. The
basics of the motor were discovered by Tesla when he identified the rotating magnetic induction (RMF)
field principle, which is used in alternators. He pioneered the use of the rotating field and inducting
electromagnetic field force to generate torque in rotating machines.

From its beginnings, over a hundred years ago, the AC motor has evolved into several forms that are
specially designed to fit multiple functions. One of the basic differences between AC motors has to do
with the rotor, which can be squirrel cage or wound. This primary difference expands into AC motor
types.

Types of AC Motors

Single Phase AC Motor

Single phase AC motors are used where there is a single phase supply. This type of AC motor is smaller
and less expensive. They are constructed using fractional kilowatt capacity. The stator is activated by a
single phase AC electrical supply. Unlike a three phase AC motor, a single phase motor has one main
winding and one auxiliary winding, which is perpendicular to the main winding.

The rotor rotates according to the sum of two oppositely rotating fields, which is the double revolving
field theory. The torque that is produced is equal and opposite.

Synchronous AC Motor

A synchronous AC motor is where the rotation of the shaft is at the same frequency as the current
supply with the rotation period being equal to the integral number of AC cycles. The synchronous speed
is constant and at which the motor generates electromotive force.

The speed of a synchronous motor is independent of the load where variations in the load does not
affect the speed of the motor. Synchronous motors are not self-starting, which is unlike self-starting
motors where the power supply is connected directly to the stator.
Advantages & Disadvantages

The advantages of ac motor include the following.

 Design is easy & simple

 The power factor is good

 Inexpensive

 An AC source can be directly connected to this motor

 Good power to weight ratio

 Maintenance is less

The disadvantages of ac motor include the following.

 The starting torque of this motor is very less

 At low speeds, it won’t operate

 Poor positioning control

 Limited speed through the frequency supply

There are some problems t could arise like eddy current loss is high, less power factor, sparking within
the brushes and there is a chance for an increase within armature & field winding reactance drop.

Applications

The applications of ac motor include the following.

 They are appropriate for projects wherever constant motion & permanent speed are not
necessary.

 They are not appropriate for applications that need very fewer speeds.

 These motors are a very good choice for applications that need high performance & torque o/p.

 These motors are used in power tools, clocks, disk drives, fans, blowers, pumps, compressors,
conveyors, audio turntables, home appliances, washing machines & industrial areas.
 ‫المراجع‬
FINK, DONALD G.; BEATY, H. WAYNE, STANDARD HANDBOOK FOR
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, '14TH ED., MCGRAW-HILL, 1999, ISBN 0-07-
022005-0.
HOUSTON, EDWIN J.; KENNELLY, ARTHUR, RECENT TYPES OF
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINERY, AMERICAN TECHNICAL BOOK
COMPANY 1897, PUBLISHED BY P.F. COLLIER AND SONS NEW YORK,
1902
KUPHALDT, TONY R. (2000–2006). "CHAPTER 13 AC MOTORS". LESSONS
IN ELECTRIC CIRCUITS—VOLUME II. RETRIEVED 2006-04-11.