LABORATORY REPORT 3

Qualitative Analysis of Anions

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhIyeLqTHqo&t=317s

Purpose of the laboratory exercise (based on the content of the video):

- In this lab, we'll examine the many procedures utilized in the lab to learn how to recognize
various anions and how to become familiar with them through observation of the reactions and
by-products. By introducing the proper reagents and observing the chemical changes, the
purpose of this experiment is to identify the anions that are present in an unknown sample.

Briefly describe the procedure used in the activity. (Brief in this context means short but it
comprehensively covers the needed information)

Experiment #1
Step 1: The Chemist simply added silver nitrate solution to a solution that contains Chloride ion,
Bromide ion and Iodide ion to identify what color if it will precipitate.
Step 2: By adding aqueous ammonia solution we can identify if the precipitate will dissolve or
not.
Step 3: By exposing the precipitate to sunlight we can determine if there is a change in color.
Experiment #2
Step 1: In Chloride ion, Bromide ion and Iodide ion, the Chemist added chlorine water to the
sample solution followed by an organic solvent.
Step 2: Shake the sample solution and observe the change.
Experiment #3
Step 1: Carbonate ion can be identified by adding an acid (hydrochloric acid or dilute nitric
acid).
Step 2: Observe the changes if a solution allowed to pass into the lime water.
Experiment #4
Step 1: Stain a piece of red litmus paper with a solution of hypochlorite ion.
Step 2: Observe the color of litmus paper.
Experiment #5
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Step 1: Add acidified potassium dichromate solution to a solution containing sulphite ion.
Step 2: Observe if there is a change in color of a given solution.
Experiment #6
Step 1: Add acidified potassium permanganate solution to a solution containing sulphite ion.
Step 2: Observe if there is a change in color of a given solution.
Experiment #7
Step 1: Add bromine water solution to a solution containing sulphite ion.
Step 2: Observe if there is a change in color of a given solution.

Results of the activity/experiment as described in the video (if any)

Experiment #1
In Chloride ion:
- Formed white precipitate (silver chloride)
- Insoluble in water
- Silver chloride dissolved and it has a colourless solution (aqueous ammonia solution added to
precipitate)
- Quickly turns to color gray (precipitate exposed to sunlight)
In Bromide ion:
- Formed pale cream precipitate (silver bromide)
- Water-insoluble
- Dissolve slightly (aqueous ammonia solution added to precipitate)
- Slowly turns to color gray (precipitate exposed to sunlight)
In Iodide ion:
- Formed pale yellow precipitate
- Water-insoluble
- Precipitate not dissolved (aqueous ammonia solution added to precipitate)
- No change in colour (precipitate exposed to sunlight)
Experiment #2

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In Chloride ion:
- No observable change
- No reaction
In Bromide ion:
- Organic layer changed to color orange solution
- Bromine dissolves in organic solvent
In Iodide ion:
- Organic layer changed to color purple solution
- Iodide dissolves in organic solvent
Experiment #3
In Carbonate ion:
- Colourless gas (carbon dioxide)
- Milky suspension (calcium carbonate)
Experiment #4
In Red Litmus Paper:
- Blue
- Bleached to white
Experiment #5
In Sulphite ion with acidified potassium dichromate:
- Orange to green
Experiment #6
In Sulphite ion with acidified potassium permanganate:
- Purple to colorless
Experiment #7
In Sulphite ion with bromine water:
- Brown to colorless

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Reaction to the video (You may state here whether you like or dislike the video based on the
manner how it was presented. Provide reasons for your views or opinion) (1 paragraph will
do for this part)

- We appreciate how the experiment is presented since she made the procedures easy to be
understood. It was precise and specific. The results were easily understood as well as how the
speaker details the results.

Important learnings acquired from the video (1 paragraph will do for this part)

- The most important lesson we learned from the video was to use the appropriate reagents to
accurately identify an anion's kind. We shouldn't do any experiments without the teacher's
supervision to prevent exposure to chemicals. Please carefully follow the following instructions
in order to accurately identify each of the provided known anions. And we must correctly follow
the method in order to have a successful experiment.

Conclusions

- We have concluded that there are several ways to identify an anion, all of which require the
addition of the appropriate reagents to the anion and observation of the resulting chemical
changes. In this lab, cations that were present in various solutions were to be discovered. Anions,
like cations, produce various results. When excess solvent is added, some of the solutions
dissolve while others stay the same. Some are colorless, while others are colored.

Recommendations

- We recommend constantly following to safety precautions and paying attention to the

supervisor to prevent negative events or incidents. We also recommend that after performing an
experiment, they should have presented guidelines on how to dispose of those chemicals used in
the experiment because we should always keep in mind that chemical waste is a substance that
poses a hazard to human health or the environment, including toxins, corrosive liquids, and
organic solvents, so these should always be disposed of properly to protect the environment,
animals, workers, and the general public.