Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module No.: 1 Module Title: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

How to Use this Module.....................................................................................i

Introduction......................................................................................................ii
Technical Terms..............................................................................................iii
Learning Outcome 1.........................................................................................1
 Learning Experiences/Activities 2
 Information Sheet 1.1 3-5
 Self-Check 1.1 6
 Answer Keys 1.1 7

Learning Outcome 2.........................................................................................8

 Learning Experiences/Activities 9
 Information Sheet 2.1 10-12
 Self Check 2.1 13
 Answer Key 2.1 14

Learning Outcome 3………………………………………………………………………..15

 Learning Experiences/Activities…………………………………………………16
 Information sheet 3.1………………………………………………………….17-18
 Self check 3.1………………………………………………………………………..19
 Answer Keys 3.1 20

Learning Outcome 4.......................................................................................21

 Learning Experiences/Activities 22
 Information Sheet 4.1 23-25
 Self Check 4.1 26
 Answer Keys 4.1 27

Learning Outcome 5………………………………………………………………………..28

 Learning Experiences/Activities…………………………………………………29
 Information sheet 5.1…………………………………………………………30-32
 Self check 5.1………………………………………………………………………..33
 Answer Keys 5.1 34
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module “APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES”. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES” contains

the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a welding course.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in

order to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each
learning outcome there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets, Operation
Sheets and Activity Sheets. Follow these activities on your own and
answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.

If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for

assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills
covered in this module.

If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular

skill, talk to your teacher so you do not have to under go the same
training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency
from previous trainings show it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are
consistent with and relevant to this module, they may become part of the
evidence. You can present these for RPL. If you are not sure about your
competence skills, discuss this with your teacher.

After completing this module ask your teacher to assess your

competence. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your
competency profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to
complete at your own pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete
followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each
learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required

competency, in receiving and relaying information. This will be the
source of information that will enable you to acquire the knowledge and
skills in independently at your own pace or with minimum supervision or
help from your teacher.
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module Title: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

INTRODUCTION:

This module contains information, suggested learning exercises and

activities on Setting up of welding equipment it includes instruction and
procedure on how to set up welding equipment.

Completion of this module will help you better understand the

succeeding module on Welding weld on carbon steel plates.

This module consists of five (5) learning outcomes. Each learning

outcome contain activities supported by instruction sheets. Read the
information sheets and answer self-check and activities provided to asses
your competency by your teacher that you have acquired the knowledge
necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome.

Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for assessment

to check your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements of this
module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of
completion:

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module

the students should be able to:

LO1 Identify Hazardous Area

LO2 Use Protective Clothing and Devices

LO3 Perform Safe Handling of Tools, Equipment

And Materials

LO4 Perform First Aid

LO5 Use Fire Extinguisher

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

Refer to assessment criteria of learning outcome# 1-5 of this module.

PREREQUISITE:
None
 TECHNICAL TERMS

OSHA – Occupational Safety Health Act

Oxygen displacement - A reduction of oxygen caused by any arc or flame

in the work zone around a welding activity

Toxic hazards - Poisonous gases, fumes, and vapors produced by

chemical reactions in certain welding processes

Contaminants - Impurities formed from chemical reactions between base

metals, flux, and electrodes, and usually present in fumes and vapors
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

Learning Outcomes:

LO1: Identify Hazardous Area

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Identify hazards correctly in accordance with OHS principles

2. Identify safety signs and symbols adhere to

REFERENCE:

Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
 LEARNING EXPERIENCE/ACTIVITIES

LO1: Identify Hazardous Area

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read the attached information

sheet 1.1 in Safe welding
practices.

2. Answer self-check 1.1 to test your

knowledge on the Safe welding • Try to answer the self check
practices without looking at the information
sheet.
3. Compare your answer to feedback

4. If you miss some of the items go

over this learning outcome.

5. When you are ready, you can

proceed to the next learning
outcome.
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

SAFE WELDING PRACTICES

1 . Terms and definitions

a. Oxygen displacement - A reduction of oxygen caused by any arc or flame
in the work zone around a welding activity

b. Toxic hazards - Poisonous gases, fumes, and vapors produced by

chemical reactions in certain welding processes

c. Contaminants - Impurities formed from chemical reactions between base

metals, flux, and electrodes, and usually present in fumes and vapors

CAUTION: TOXIC HAZARDS AND CONTAMINANTS ARE

USUALLY PRESENT IN FUMES AND VAPORS.

2. Electrical safety for arc welding

a. All electrical equipment should have an earth ground for safety reasons, and
this ground should not be confused with the work lead to workpiece ground that will
complete the welding circuit.
 b. Keep electrical connections tight, clean, and dry because poor connections can
heat up, cause bad welds, produce dangerous arcs and sparking, and even
melt.

c. Keep work area, equipment, and clothing dry because even a slight amount of
moisture can conduct enough electricity to cause a severe shock.

d. Never dip an electrode holder in water to cool it.

e. When working with welding machines set up for multiple operation, be very
careful not to touch hot parts of the electrode holders because open-circuit
voltages from two machines are increased and can cause a severe shock.

f. Remove electrode from electrode holder when work is finished.

g. Disconnect and lock out all electric power sources before doing any work on
electrical equipment.

h. When working in high places, carefully examine work area for electrical
hazards
because a shock in such conditions could cause a fall and severe injury.

i. Keep welding cables free of conduits, motors, and any other equipment that
could cause a short circuit.

j. Keep ground as far away from the arc as possible.

3. Rules for handling welding cables

a. Never drag a welding cable through oil, and never pull on a cable to force it
over
an obstruction.

b. Use only clean, dry rags to clean welding cables, and never use gasoline or an
oily rag to clean a cable.

c. When not in use, keep welding cables free of kinks and properly stored on a flat
surface off the floor.

d. Never drape a welding cable over any type of gas cylinder.

4. Rules for handling hollow castings or containers

a. Hollow castings or containers should be vented before any heating, cutting, or

welding activity.

b. Tanks, drums, and containers should not be heated, cut, or welded.

c. The rule for beginning welders is to never attempt heating, cutting, or welding
on hollow castings or container

5. Hazards from arc rays

a. A welding arc produces ultraviolet and infrared radiation that can severely
burn eyes that are unprotected with a proper shade of protective lens.
 A welding helmet or hood protects the head from flying
sparks, but the shaded lens and safety glasses are required
for total eye protection.

b. Radiation from a welding arc is strong enough to burn or sometimes blister

bare skin if the exposure is intense or for an extended period, so arms, legs,
or whole body should be covered with durable flame-resistant clothing.

c. Work stations and work areas should be shielded to prevent an arc flash from
injuring nearby workers or visitors.
 SELF-CHECK 1.1

Multiple Choice:

Instruction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write letter of your choice
on your answer sheet

1. What kind of Personal Protective Equipment use to protect the head and face during
welding?

a. Welding helmet or face shield

b. Goggles
c. Leather jacket
d. None of the above

2. Use to protect the eyes when grinding

a. Gloves
b. Goggles
c. Face shield
d. None of the above

3. Poisonous gases, fumes, and vapors produced by

chemical reactions in certain welding processes

a. Toxic hazards
b. Contaminants
c. Radiation
d. None of the above

4. What kind of arc rays is if you cannot see and feel?

a. Infrared rays
b. Ultraviolet rays
c. Glaring rays
d. None of the above

5. What is the filter lens number when using 30 – 75 amperes?

a. #11
b. #12
c. #8
d. #10
 ANSWER KEYS 1.1

1. a

2. b

3. a

4. b

5. c
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

LO2: Use protective clothing and devices

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Select and use appropriate protective clothing and devices in

accordance with OHS requirements or industry/company policy.

REFERENCE:

Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
 LEARNING EXPERIENCE/ACTIVITIES

LO2: Use protective clothing and devices

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read the attached information

sheet 2.1 in Personal Protective
Clothing (PPE)

2. Answer self-check 2.1 to test your

knowledge on the Personal • Try to answer the self-check
Protective Clothing (PPE) without looking at the information
sheet.
3. Compare your answer to feedback

4. If you miss some of the items go

over this learning outcome.

5. When you are ready, you can

proceed to the next learning
outcome.
 Information Sheet 2.1

Protective clothing required for arc welding

a. Basic clothing requirements:

1. Heavy, long sleeve shirts with pocket flaps

2. Heavy, cuff less pants not frayed at the bottom

3. No clothing made of synthetic materials

b. A welder's cap has a flexible bill that can be slipped around to cover either ear
and keep sparks or metal splatter out of the ear opening.

c. Leather jackets and aprons should be worn for additional protection,

especially
when welding out of position or in confined areas where flying sparks present
an increased hazard.

d. Boots should be made of heavy leather with uppers that reach above the ankl
to help prevent burns from sparks and spatter.

Although steel-toed boots are not required, they are highly

recommended.
 e. Heavy leather gloves with gauntlets are required for all welding and cutting
activities

f. Safety glasses should have nonmetal frames, and impact-resistant lenses with
side shields to protect from flying objects.

g. To provide good visibility when chipping or grinding, wear a clear, plastic-type

face shield because it will provide protection from slag or metal.

h. Wear a face shield when required, but do not substitute a face shield for safety
glasses because safety glasses should be worn at all times in the welding
workplace.

i. In situations where the danger of falling materials or tools may be present,

always wear a hard hat.

9. Environmental problems and their safety requirements

a. Ventilation - Many welding activities produce toxic fumes and vapors that
are hazardous to breathe, and every work station should be equipped with ventilation
or an exhaust system capable of safely dangerous and irritating smoke and
contaminants.
b. Respirators - In confined areas where the hazard of toxic fumes is increased,
a welder should wear an air-supplied respirator or a self-
contained breathing apparatus, not a filter-type mask that
cannot compensate for oxygen displacement.

c. Noise - This is a workplace hazard frequently overlooked, but ear plugs or

muffler-type ear protectors should be worn when the work area subjects a
Welder to high noise levels, especially high noise levels that are continuous.

d. Lighting - Lighting in a work area or at a work station should be bright enough to

provide good visibility free of glare because poorly lit work areas contribute to eye
fatigue, irritation, and poor work.
 SELF CHECK 2.1

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the
following questions:

1. What Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to be used when welding to

protect the eyes and face?

a. Leather Jacket
b. Welding Helmet
c. Goggles
d. None of the above

2. Safety goggles is use when..

a. Grinding
b. Welding
c. Cutting metal
d. All the Above

3. What should be worn when the work area subjects a welder to high noise
levels, especially high noise levels that are continuous?

a. Face Mask
b. Ear Protector
c. Welding Helmet
d. Safety Glassess

4. What should you wear when welding in a confined area to avoid hazard of
toxic fumes?

a. Safety Goggles
b. Hard Hat
c. Welding Helmet
d. Respirator

5. What type of gloves use when perform welding?

a. Gauntlet Gloves
b. Cotton Gloves
c. Laundry gloves
d. None of the above
 Answer Keys 2.1

1. b

2. a

3. b

4. d

5. a
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

LO3: Perform safe handling of tools, equipment and materials.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Safety procedures for pre-check and operation of tools and

equipment followed in accordance with industry/company policies.
2. Tools, equipment and materials handled safely in accordance with
OHS requirements and industry/company policies.

REFERENCE:

Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
 LEARNING EXPERIENCE/ACTIVITIES

LO3 Perform Safe Handling of Tools, Equipment and Materials

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. Read the attached information

sheet 3.1 in Safe handling of tools
and equipment

2. Answer self-check 3.1 to test your

knowledge on the Safe handling of • Try to answer the self-check
tools and equipment without looking at the information
sheet.
3. Compare your answer to feedback

4. If you miss some of the items go

over this learning outcome.

5. When you are ready, you can

proceed to the next learning
outcome.
 INFORMATION SHEET 3.1

SAFE HANDLING OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Rules for handling welding cables

a. Never drag a welding cable through oil, and never pull on a cable to force it
over an obstruction.

b. Use only clean, dry rags to clean welding cables, and never use gasoline or an
oily rag to clean a cable.

c. When not in use, keep welding cables free of kinks and properly stored on a flat
surface off the floor.

d. Never drape a welding cable over any type of gas cylinder.

NOTE: Never perform weld without Personal Protective Equipment

These might happen if you attempt to use any equipment without proper
instruction
 Personal Injury
 Injury to Others
 Damage to Equipment
 Damage to Work Piece
Why should a welding machine never be overloaded?

Overloading the machine can cause overheating and damage the

welding machine. This may also cause damage to the transformer.

Cable attachments for Welding Machine

 Cables are attached for AC/DC Welding Machine.

 Do not walk on cables.
 Do not change the polarity without trainer approval.
 SELF-CHECK 3.1

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the
following questions:

1. What should the welder wear when welding?

a. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

b. Gloves
c. Goggles
d. None of the above

2. What are the attachments of a Welding Machine?

a. Electrical wires
b. Welding cables
c. Welding Electrode
d. All the Above

3. Transformer/Rectifier welding machine is also called

a. AC/DC
b. Inverter
c. Generator
d. All of the above

4. What is the result when welding machine is overloaded?

a. Crack
e. Defect
b. Damage
c. Worn out

5. What type of welding machine which does not have polarity?

a. Motor Driven
b. Generator Machine
c. DC Machine
d. Transformer
 Answer Keys 3.1

1. a

2. b

3. a

4. b

5. d
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

LO4: Perform First Aid

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. First-aid treatment of injuries is carried out according to

recommended procedures.

REFFERENCES:

Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES

LO4 Perform First Aid

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION

1. Read the attached information

sheet 4.1– perform first-aid

2. Answer self check 4.1 to test your

knowledge on the procedures of • Try to answer self check without
first-aid looking at the information sheet.

3. Compare your answer to

feedback/answer key.

4. If you miss some of the items go

over this learning outcome
INFORMATION SHEET 4.1

Perform First Aid

Causes of Burns:
Burns have a variety of causes, including:
1. scalding from hot, boiling liquids or steam.
2. Radiation.
3. Chemical burns like acids & paint thinner.
4. Electrical burns.
5. Fires, including flames from matches, candles, and lighters.
6. Excessive sun exposure.

Prevention of Burns:
1. Keep children out of the kitchen while cooking.
2. Turn pot handles towards the back of the stove.
3. Place a fire extinguisher near the kitchen.
4. Test smoke detectors once a month.
5. Replace smoke detectors every 10 years.
6. Keep water heater temperature under 120 degrees Fahrenheit.
7. Measure bath water temperature before uses.
8. Lock up matches and lighters.
9. Install electrical outlet covers.
10. Check and discard electrical cords with exposed wires.
11. Wear gloves during chemical use & keep out of reach when not in use.
 SELF CHECK 4.1

DIRECTION: Discuss the following very briefly:

1. What should you do if someone receives an electric shock from a

welding machine or power tool and is rendered unconscious?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

2. What would you do if your clothing catches fire?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

3. What are the First-aid treatments in 1st degree burn?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
 Answer Keys 4.1

1. Immediately switch off at its source – main fuse box or breaker panel.
Do not unplug the welding machine or power tool.

2. Never run if your clothing catches fire. Stop, drop and roll on the
ground to smother the flames.

3. Cool burned area with cool running water for at least 15 minutes.
Damped with cool wet cloth. Do not apply butter or oil to any burn.
You may take analgesics for pain
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC II

Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY PRACTICES

Module: APPLYING SAFETY PRACTICES

LO5: Use fire extinguisher

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Fire extinguisher selected and operated correctly according to type

of fire.

REFFERENCE:

Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES

LO4 Use of fire extinguisher

LEARNING ACTIVITIES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION

1. Read the attached information

sheet 5.1– Use of fire extinguisher

2. Answer self check 5.1 to test your

knowledge on the procedures of • Try to answer self check without
Use of fire extinguisher looking at the information sheet.

3. Compare your answer to

feedback/answer key.

4. If you miss some of the items go

over this learning outcome
 INFORMATION SHEET 5.1

Use of fire extinguisher

According to OSHA, the most common emergency small businesses must plan for is a fire.
Fire extinguishers can be invaluable tools to help fight smaller fires in the workplace or to
protect evacuation routes in the event of a larger one.

OSHA requires employers to thoroughly train workers not only how to use an extinguisher
properly, but also how to accurately assess a situation and determine when evacuation is the
safest course of action. OSHA requires employees to be trained in fire extinguisher use on an
annual basis, at a minimum.

A simple fire extinguisher training technique to use with employees is the PASS method:

P Pull the pin on the extinguisher.

A Aim the hose nozzle low toward the base of the fire.

S Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.

S Sweep the nozzle from side to side at the base of the flames until extinguished.

Knowing how to operate the extinguisher is not the end of training. Employee responders to a
fire also should be trained to adhere to the following protocol:

 If appropriate, sound the fire alarm or call the fire department immediately.
 Before approaching the fire, determine an evacuation route safe of flames, excessive
heat and smoke. Do not allow this evacuation route to become blocked.
 Use the PASS technique for discharging an extinguisher and back away from the area
if the fire flares up again.
 If the extinguisher is empty and the fire is not out, evacuate immediately.
 If the fire grows beyond what can be safely handled, evacuate immediately.

Fire extinguishers are meant to handle only small fires. If a fire becomes too large or the
environment becomes too dangerous, employees should know when and how to evacuate the
area. If any of the following conditions are present, workers should follow evacuation
procedures immediately and should not attempt to fight the fire with an extinguisher:

The fire is too large. The fire involves flammable solvents, is partially hidden behind a wall
or ceiling, cannot be reached from a standing position, or covers more than 60 square feet in
area.

The air is unsafe to breathe. Levels of smoke make the fire impossible to fight without
some form of respiratory protection.

The environment is too hot or smoky. Radiated heat is easily felt, making it hard to
approach a fire within adequate range of using the extinguisher (about 10-15 feet). It is
necessary to crawl on the floor to avoid heat or smoke. Visibility is poor.

Evacuation paths are impaired. The fire is not contained and heat, smoke or flames block
potential evacuation routes.
Types of Fire Extinguishers
Water and Foam
Water and Foam fire extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away the heat
element of the fire triangle. Foam agents also separate the oxygen element from
the other elements.
Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class
B or C fires. The discharge stream could spread the flammable liquid in a Class B
fire or could create a shock hazard on a Class C fire.

Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide fire extinguishers extinguish fire by taking away the oxygen
element of the fire triangle and also be removing the heat with a very cold
discharge.
Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They are usually ineffective on
Class A fires.

Dry Chemical
Dry Chemical fire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting the
chemical reaction of the fire triangle.
Today's most widely used type of fire extinguisher is the multipurpose dry
chemical that is effective on Class A, B, and C fires. This agent also works by
creating a barrier between the oxygen element and the fuelelement on Class A
fires.
Ordinary dry chemical is for Class B & C fires only. It is important to use the
correct extinguisher for the type of fuel! Using the incorrect agent can allow the
fire to re-ignite after apparently being extinguished successfully.

Wet Chemical
Wet Chemical is a new agent that extinguishes the fire by removing the heat of
the fire triangle and prevents re-ignition by creating a barrier between the oxygen
and fuel elements.
Wet chemical of Class K extinguishers were developed for modern, high
efficiency deep fat fryers in commercial cooking operations. Some may also be
used on Class A fires in commercial kitchens.
 SELF CHECK 5.1

Direction: Discuss the following very briefly:

A. Procedure on how to use fire extinguisher?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

B. What are the types of fire extinguisher and their uses?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
 ANSWER KEYS 5.1

A.

1. PPull the pin on the extinguisher.

2. AAim the hose nozzle low toward the base of the fire.
3. SSqueeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
4. SSweep the nozzle from side to side at the base of the flames until extinguished.

B.

1. Water and Foam - Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class B or C
fires.
2. Carbon Dioxide - Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They are usually ineffective on Class
A fires.
3. Dry Chemical - Today's most widely used type of fire extinguisher is the multipurpose dry chemical that is
effective on Class A, B, and C fires.
4. Wet Chemical - Wet chemical of Class K extinguishers were developed for modern, high efficiency deep
fat fryers in commercial cooking operations. Some may also be used on Class A fires in commercial
kitchens.