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Limit and Continuity
Limit and Continuity
Lecture Notes
December 2018
2
Limit. Finding limit at a point means finding height of the function near that
point.
lim f (x) = L1 .
x→a−
How to find the Left-Hand Limit: The following is the geometrical ap-
proach.
y=f(x)
0 a x
y-axis
y=f(x)
0 x a x-axis
y-axis
Point of intersection
y=f(x)
0 x a x-axis
Move x towards a
Vertical line
through x
y-axis
Point of intersection
L00
11 1
0
1 0
1
Left-hand
limit
y=f(x)
0 x x-axis
a
x is now
vey close to a
lim f (x) = L2 .
x→a+
How to find the Left-Hand Limit: The following is the geometrical ap-
proach.
y=f(x)
0 a x
y-axis
y=f(x)
0 a x x-axis
y-axis
Point of intersection
y=f(x)
0 a x x-axis
Move x towards a
y-axis
Point of intersection
Right-hand
limit
y=f(x)
L11
00
00
11 1
0
2 0
1
0 a x x-axis
x is now
vey close to a
0 a x
Example 1. Consider the following function along with its graph, and answer
the questions given below.
−1 x<0
f (x) =
1 0≤x
Solution.
————————-Solution Ends——————————–
Example 2. Consider the following function along with its graph, and answer
the questions given below.
−1 x < −1
−x −1 ≤ x < 0
f (x) = 2
x 0≤x<1
2 1≤x
Limit and Continuity 7
Solution.
c) f (2) = 2 k) f (0) = 0
d) f is continuous at x = 2. l) f is continuous at x = 0.
g) f (1) = 2 o) f (−1) = 1
————————-Solution Ends——————————–
Practice Problem. Consider the following function along with its graph, and
answer the questions given below.
−1 x < −2
x+2 −2 ≤ x < −1
f (x) = 0
√ −1 ≤ x < 0
x 0≤x≤4
3 4<x
8 Limit and Continuity
c) f (−2) = . . . . . . o) f (2) = . . . . . .
g) f (−1) = . . . . . . s) f (4) = . . . . . .
k) f (0) = . . . . . . w) f (5) = . . . . . .
——————————————————–
(I shall welcome your suggestions to improve these notes.)