-Instrumentation
Symbology-
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation
Instrumentation Symbology

Instruments that are field mounted.

-Instruments that are mounted on process plant (i.e sensor that

-Instruments
mounted on pipeline or process equipments.

Field
mounted on
pipeline
 

PIPING AND
AND INSTRUMENT
INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation
Instrumentation Symbology

Instruments that are board mounted

-Instruments that are mounted on control board.

 

PIPING AND
AND INSTRUMENT
INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumenta
Instrumentation
tion Symbology

Instruments that are board mounted (invisible).

-Instruments that are mounted behind a control panel board.

 

PIPING AND
AND INSTRUMENT
INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation
Instrumentation Symbology

Instruments that are functioned in Distributed Control System (DCS)

- A dis
distri
tribut
buted
ed contr
control
ol sy
system (DCS) refers to a contr
stem controlol sy
syst em us
stem usua
uall
lly
y of 
manufact
a manuf acturing system
uring dynami
ystem,, process or any kind of dyna micc system, in which
the controller elem
elemen
ents
ts ar
are
e not cen
entr
tral
al in loc
oca
atio
tion (l
(lik
ike
e the
the brain) but are
distributed throughout the system with each component sub-system
contr
tro
olled
lled by one or more con ontr
trol
olle
lerrs. The
The ent
entir
ire
e sys
ysttem of control
trolle
lerrs is
conn
co nnec
ecte
tedd by ne
netw
twor
orks
ks for comm
commununic
icat
atio
ion
n an
andd mo
moninito
tori
ring
ng..
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation Symbology
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMEN TATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

FC
• Flow Controller PT Pressure Transmitter
•

FE Flow Element PTD Pressure Transducer

FI
• Flow Indicator
FT
• Flow Transmitter LC Level Controller
FS
• Flow Switch LG Level Gauge
FIC
• Flow Indicating Controller LR Level Recorder
FCV
• Flow Control Valve LT Level Transmitter
FRC
• Flow Recording Controller LS Level Switch
LIC Level IIn
ndicating Controller
PC
• Pressure Controller LCV Level Control Valve
PG
• Pressure Gauge LRC Level Recording Controller
PI
• Pressure Indicator
PR
• Pressure Recorder TE Temperature Element
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)
PS
• Pressure Switch TI Temperature Indicator
PIC
• Pressure Indicating Controller TR Temperature Recorder
PCV
• Pressure Control Valve TS Temperature Switch
•

PRC Pressure Recording Controller TC Temperature Controller

PDI
• Pressure Differential Indicator TT Temperature Transmitter
PDR
• Pressure Differential Recorder
PDS
• Pressure Differential Switch
PDT
• Pressure Differential Transmitter
 

PIPING AND
AND INSTRUMENT
INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Signal Lines Symbology

 

-Principal of P ID-
 

PIPING AND
AND INSTRUMENT
INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Basic Loop
Process

Sensing Element

Final Control Measuring

Element Element Transmitter

Transmit
Element

Control Element
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMENTAATION
DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Basic Loop
Set point

Controller

Transmitter

Fluid Fluid

Control Valve
Orifice (Flow Sensor)
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Principal of P&ID
Example 1
With using these following symbols;

LC
LC

V-100
LT

Complete control loop for LCV 101

LCV 101
 

The Piping & Instrumenta

Instrumentation tion Diagram (P&ID)
PIPINGSometimes
AND also INSTRUMENTATION
known as Process & Instrumentation DIAGRAM (P&ID)
Instrumentation Diagram

Example 2

With
With usi
using
ng the
these
se follo
followin
wing
g symb
symbolo
ology
gy;;

PRV-100

PT Where PT is locally mounted

on V-100
PIC
V-100
PIC Where PIC is function in DCS
PT

Draw control loo

oop
p to show that PRV-100
will be act
activated to relie
ieff pressure when
the pressure in the V-100 is higher than
desire
desired
d value
value..
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Exercise 1 pHE 1
pHIC 1
pHT 1

pHIC 2
pHE 2 pHT 2

CV-102 TK-102
The diagram shows pH
(base feed tank) adjustment; part of waste water
treatmentt process. With using
treatmen
above symbols, draw control
loop where the process need is:

The process shall maintained at

pH 6. When the process liquid
states below pH 6, CV-102 will
be opened to dosing NaOH to
the tank TK-100. When the
CV-101 process liquid states above pH 6,
TK-100 TK-101

(pH adjustment tank) (acid feed tank) CV-101 will be operated to

dosing HCl.
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Answer 1
pHIC 2
pHIC 1
pHE 1 pHT 1

pHIC 2
pHE
pHE 2 pHT 2

CV-102 TK-102
The diagram shows pH
(base feed tank) adjustment; part of waste water
pHT 2 treatmentt process. With using
treatmen
pHIC 1 above symbols, draw control
pHT 1
loop where the process need is:
pHE 2 pHE 1
The process shall maintained at
pH 6. When the process liquid
states below pH 6, CV-102 will be
opened to dosing NaOH in the
base feed tank. When the
CV-101 process liquid states above pH 6,
TK-100 TK-101

(pH adjustment tank) (acid feed tank) CV-101 will be operated to

dosing HCl in the acid fed tank.
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

LIC 1
Exercise 2 LT 1

FC
L3
Where LT 1 and LIC 1 to control
PCV-100 (failure close);
L2
PCV-100
PCV-100 close when level reached
TK-100 L1 L3
PCV-100 open when level below L3
FC

L5

PCV-101 LIC 2
LT 2

V-100
L4 Where LT 2 and LIC 2 to control
PCV-101 (failure close);

PCV-101 close when level reached

L5

PCV-101 open when level below L5

 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Answer 2 LIC 1 LIC 1

LT 1

FC L3
Where LT 1 and LIC 1 to control
PRV-100 (failure close);
L2 LT 1
PRV-100 PRV-100 close when level reached
TK-100 L1 L3
LIC 2
PRV-100 open when level below L3

FC L5

LT 2 LT 2 LIC 2
PRV-101 V-100

L4 Where LT 2 and LIC 2 to control

PRV-101 (failure close);

PRV-101 close when level reached

L5
PRV-101 open when level below L5
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation Numbering

 XYY CZZLL

X represents a process variable to be measured.

(T=temperature, F=flow, P=pressure, L=level)

YY represents type of instruments.

C designates the instruments area within the plant.

ZZ designates the process unit number.

LL designates the loop number

number.. (Optional)
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation Numbering

 FIC 82516

F = Flow shall be measured.

IC = Indicating controller

825 = Process unit no. 825 in the area of no. 8.

16 = Loop number 16
 

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

Instrumentation Numbering

 LT 101

L = Level shall be measured.

T = Transmitte
rans mitterr.

100 = Process unit no. 101 in the area of no. 1