ANSWER KEY II Term 2018 December

Second year Higher Secondary Examination

PART III
MATHEMATICS (SCIENCE)
Maximum: 80 (Scores)

Questions 1 to 7 carry 3 score each. Answer any six.

1. a) a  iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ
a  1 4 1  6
a iˆ  2 ˆj  kˆ 1 ˆ 2 ˆ 1 ˆ
b) Unit vector in the direction of a    i j k
a 6 6 6 6
1 2 1
c) dc’s are , ,
6 6 6

i 3j
2. aij 
2
1  3 1 2 1  3 2 5
a11   1 : a12  
2 2 2 2
2  3 1 1 2  3 2 4
a21   : a22   2
2 2 2 2
3  3 1 0 3  3 2 3
a31   0 : a32  
2 2 2 2
 1 5 2
A  1 2 2 
 0 3 2 

1
3. f  x   8 x3 and g  x   x 3
3
 1  1
fog  f  g  x    f  x 3   8  x 3   8 x
   

 2x  
1 1

gof  g  f  x    g  8 x   8x    2x
3 3 3 3 3

1 1 1
4. LHS = a b c .
3 3
a b c3
Applying C1 → C1 − C3 and C2 → C2 − C3, we have:

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 0 0 1
= ac bc c
a 3  c 3 b3  c 3 c3
ac bc 1 1
= 1   a  c  b  c  
a c
3 3
b c3 3
a  ac  c
2 2
b  bc  c 2
2


=  a  c  b  c  b 2  bc  c 2  a 2  ac  c 2 
 
=  a  c  b  c  b 2  a 2  c  b  a  
=  a  c  b  c   b  a  b  a   c  b  a  
=  a  c  b  c  b  a  a  b  c    a  b  b  c  c  a  a  b  c   RHS

5. a) f  x   x 2  2 x  8 in  4, 2
Since it is a polynomial function, it is continuous in the closed interval  4, 2 ,
f   x   2 x  2 . Hence f is differentiable in the open interval  4, 2 ,
f  4    4   2  4   8  16  8  8  0
2

f  2   2  2  2  8  4  4  8  0
2

 f  4   f  2 
 there exists a constant ‘c’ such that f   c   0  2c  2  0  2c  2  c  1  4,1
Hence verified Rolle’s theorem.

b) Since the tangent is parallel to the x axis, slope  0  f   x   0

2 x  2  0  2 x  2  x   1
When x  1, y   1  2  1  8  1  2  8  11
2

 the point on the curve is  1,  11

x
2
6. dx
0

20 2
Here a  0, b  2 and h    nh  2
n n

2

 
2 2
 x dx  lim h 0  h2  h3  ....  n  1 h 
0 h0  

n  n  2  2n  1
 lim h3 12  23  ....   n  1    lim h3 
2
h0 
 
 h0 6

nh  nh  2h  2nh  h  2  2  2h  2  2  h 
 lim  lim
h0 6 h0 6

2  2  2  0  2  2  0  2  2  4 8
   .
6 6 3

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7.

a
a x a2  x 
Area of the circle  4   a 2  x 2 dx  4   2
a x 2
sin 1   
0  2 2  a  
0
a
x a2  x 
 4  a2  x2  sin 1   
 2 2  a  
0
 a2  a2 
 4 0  sin 1 1   0  0    4    a 2
 2  2 2

 2 2 4   2 1 1 
8. A   1 3 4  ; A   2 3 2 
T

 1 2 3  4 4 3

 4 3 3
Let P  A  A   3 6 2 
1
1
2
 T

2
 3 2 6 
 4 3 3
Now, P   3 6 2   P, is symmetric.
T 1
1
2
 3 2 6 
0 1 5
Let Q  A  A  1 0 6 
1
1
2
 T

2
5 6 0 
0 1 5
Q   1 0 6   Q, is skew symmetric.
T 1
1
2
 5 6 0 

 4 3 3 0 1 5  4 4 8

P  Q   3 6 2   1 0 6    2 6 8 
1  1  1
2 2 2
 3 2 6  5 6 0   2 4 6 
 2 2 4 
  1 3 4   A, a square matrix. Hence verified .
 1 2 3

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9. A  {1, 2,3, 6} and the binary operation is a  b  LCM of a and b.

a) Binary operation table:

 1 2 3 6
1 1 2 3 6
2 2 2 6 6
3 3 6 3 6
6 6 6 6 6

b) Let e be the identity element, then a  e  e  a  a,  a  A

But a  e  L.C .M of (a,e)  a,  a  A  e  1

Hence 1 is the identity element in A.
c) Let a be the invertible element in Aa
a  b  1  L.C.M of (a, b)  1  a  b  1
Hence 1 is the invertible element for  .

10. Since f  x  is continuous at x   , lim f  x   lim f  x 

x  x 

lim  kx  1  lim cos x  k   1  cos 

x  x 

2
 k   1  1  k   2  k  

 1  2
11. a) Principal value of cos         0, 
 2 3 3
b) Put x  tan     tan 1 x

 1  x2 1 
1 1
 1  tan 2   1 
tan    tan  
 x   tan  
   
 1   2 
  1  2sin 2 
1  sec   1  1 cos 1  1  cos   1
 tan    tan  sin    tan  sin    tan  
 tan     
 2sin cos
 
 
 cos    2 2 
   1 1
 tan 1 tan        tan 1 x
2 2 2 2
dx 1 1
12. a) Let I   x  x log x   1  log x  x dx
1
Put 1  log x  t  dx  dt
x

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 1
I   dt  log t  C  log 1  log x  C
t
dx
b) I 
9x  6x  5
2

  5  2 1 5 1 
2 2

9x2  6x  5  9  x2  x    9  x2  x        
 9 9  3  3  9  3  

 1  2 
2 2

9  x      
 3   3  

 1
 x 
1
I  
dx 1 1
  tan 1  3  C  1 tan 1  3x  1   C
  
 2 
2 2
9  1  2 9 2  2  6
x    3  3 
 3  3

13. a) a  6;   600

a . b a b cos 60 1
Projection of a and b    6  3
b 5 2
b) a .b   2 1   3 2    2 1  2  6  2  10
b  1 4 1  6
a .b 10 10 6 5 6
Projection of a on b    
b 6 6 3
14. a) f  x   4 x 3  6 x 2  72 x  30
f '  x   12 x 2  12 x  72
For turning points, f '  x   0
12 x 2  12 x  72  0
x2  x  6  0
 x  3 x  2   0
x  3  or  x  2
The intervals may be  , 2  ,  2,3 and  3,  
When x   , 2  , say x  3
f '  x   12  x  3 x  2   12  6  1  0
When x   2,3 ; say x  0
f ' 0  120  30  2   0
When x   3,   ; say x  4
f '  x   124  34  2   0
 f  x  is strictly increasing in  ,2  and 3,   . And strictly decreasing in  2,3

b) f "  x   24 x  12
when x  3, f " 3  24  3  12  0

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  f  x  is minimum
minimum value of f  x   f 3
 4  33   6  32   72  3   30  132
whenx  2, f   2   24  2   12  0
 f  x  is m ax
Max value of f  x   f  2 
 4 2   6 2   72 2   30
3 2

 4 8  64   144  30

 32  24  174
 118

15) a) y  x 2 .......... 1

y 2  x ........  2 

x  2 2
x
x 4  x  0  x  x3  1  0
 x  0  or  x 3  1  x  1
When x  0, y  0 2  0
When x  1, y  12  1
 points of intersection of the curves are (0,0)
and (1,1)

 
1
b) Area  x  x 2 dx
0
`1
 2 3 x3 
  x2  
3 3 0
2 32 13 2 1 1
 .1    0  0     sq. units
3 3 3 3 3

16. a) Order – 2
Degree – 1

dy 1  y 2
b) 
dx 1  x 2
dy dx
 is in variable separable.
1 y 2
1  x2
dx dy
1 x 2
 
1  y2
tan 1 x  tan 1 y  C
tan 1 x  tan 1 y  C

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17. Let A  IA

 1 3  1 0 
 2 7   0 1  A
   

R2  R2  2 R1
 1 3  1 0 
0 1   2 1  A
   

R1  R1  3R2
1 0   7 3
0 1    2 1  A
   

 7 3
I   A
 2 1 
 7 3 1
IA1    AA || AA1  I , IA1  A1 and AI  A
 2 1 
 7  3
 A1   
 2 1 

1  1 2   x 7
18. Let A  3 4  5 ; x  y ; B    5
   
     
2  1 3   z   12 
1 1 2
A3 4 5
2 1 3
 1 7   119   2  11  7  19  22  4

A11  7 ; A21  1 ; A31  3

A12  19 ; A22  1 ; A32  11
A13  11 ; A23  1 ; A33  7

 7 1  3
adj A   19  1 11 

 
  11  1 7 
Now X  A1 B
 7 1 3  7 
  19 1 11   5
1
4
 11 1 7  12 

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  49  5  36 
  133  5  132 
1
4
 77  5  84 
 8  2
1   
  4   1 
4
12   3 
 x  2, y  1, z  3

 3 3 4
19. a) sin 1    x  sin x   cos x 
 5 5 5
8 8 15
sin 1    y  sin y   cos y 
 17  17 17
We have cosx  y   csx cos y  sin x sin y 
4 15 3 8
  
5 17 5 17
60 24
 
85 85
84
cos  x  y  
85
 84 
 x  y  cos 1  
 85 
 3 8  84 
 sin 1    sin 1    cos1  
 5  17   85 
Hence proved.

b) 2 tan 1  cos x   tan 1  2 cos ecx 

 2 cos x  1  2  2 cos x 2
tan 1    tan   
 sin x   sin x 
2 2
sin x sin x
cos x
 1  cot x  1
sin x

x 
4
  t 
20. a) x  a cos t  log tan 
  2 
 
dx  1 t 1 
 a   sin t  .sec 2 . 
dt t 2 2
 tan
 2 
 1  1  sin 2 t
 a   sin t   a.
 sin t  sin t
dx a cos 2 t

dt sin t

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 y  a sin t
dy
 a cos t
dt
dy dy dx sin t
  /  a cos t   tan t
dx dt dt a cos 2 t

b) 
y  tan 1 x 
2

dy 1
 2 tan 1 x.
dx 1  x2

1  x2 
dy
dx
 2 tan 1 x
Diff. again w.r.t x


1  x2 
d2y
dx 2
 2x
dy
dx
 2
1
1  x2

   
2
2 d y dy
1  x2 2
 2x 1  x2 2
dx dx
Hence proved.

21. a) (i) 36.6

Let y  x …………….. (1)

Let x  36 and x  0.6

w.k .t. y  x  x  x  36.6  36  36.6  6
y  6  36.6
36.6  6  y ................(2)
Differentiating (1) w.r.t. x
dy 1

dx 2 x
1 1 1 0.6 0.6
dy  dx  x   0.6    0.05
2 x 2 x 2 36 2  6 12
Now, dy is approximately equal to Δy and is given by,
y  0.05
In (2) we have,

36.6  6  0.05  6.05  approx.

b) Let AB be the lamp post, the lamp being at position B and
let MN be the man at a particular time t
and let AM = l metres. Then, MS is the shadow of the
man. Let MS = x meters.
In the similar triangles ASB and MSN ,

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 MS MN s 2 1
   
AS AB ls 6 3
 3s  l  s  2 s  l
ds dl ds
2  5  2.5m / s
dt dt dt
 the length of the shadow increases at the rate of 2.5m / s

22. a) e x . f x   C

x2  1 x
b) I  x  12
.e dx

x2  1  2 x
  x  12
e dx

 x2  1  
2  x
  
  x  1
2

x  12 
e dx

 x 1 2  x
    2
 x  1  x  1 
e dx

 x 1 2  x
   
 x  1  x  1 
2
e dx

d  x  1   x  1.1   x  1.1 x  1  x  1 2
Now    
dx  x  1  x  12
x  12
x  12
I 
x  1 .e x  C
x 1

3
dx
c) I 
 1 tan x
6
using P2 ,

3
1
I 
   
dx
1  tan   x 
6
6 3 

3
1
 
  
dx
1  tan  x 
6
2 

3
1
 
 1 cot x
dx

6

3
......2 
tan x
 
 1 tan x
dx

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 1   2  

2
1  tan x
2I   dx
 1  tan x
6

  
  x 3   
6 3 6 6

I 
12

23. a) P  1; Q  cos x

IF  e   e
pdx 1dx
 ex

Let I   Qe  dx   e x cos x dx  e  x .sin x   e  x sin x dx

pdx
b)
 e  x .sin x   e  x sin x dx

 e  x .sin x  e x .   cos x    e  x   cos x  dx

 e  x .sin x  e  x cos x   e  x cos x dx

I  e  x .sin x  e  x cos x  I

2 I  e  x  sin x  cos x    Qe 
1
dx  e  x  sin x  cos x   C
pdx

2
 Solution is ye    Qe  dx  C  ye x  e  x  sin x  cos x   C
pdx pdx 1
2
1
y  sin x  cos x   Ce x is the required solution.
2

24. Let a  3iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ , b  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ

iˆ ˆj kˆ
a) a b  3 1 4  iˆ  5   ˆj  1  kˆ  4   5iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ
1 1 1

a  b  25  1  16  42

a b 5iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ
 Unit vector perpendicular to both a and b =  .
a b 42

1 1 42
b) Area of triangle  a b  42  square units.
2 2 2

c) Volume = 40 cubic units

a  b  5iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ

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 V 40 40
Height =  
A | a b | 42

40 5iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ 20 ˆ ˆ
c
40

a b
42 a  b

42

42

21

5i  j  4kˆ 

====================

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