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Câu Gián Tiếp
Câu Gián Tiếp
MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP KHÔNG THAY ĐỔI “THÌ” CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ.
- Động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở thì hiện tại đơn (say/say), hiện tại tiếp diễn (is/ are saying); hiện tại hoàn thành
(have said/has said); tương lai đơn (will say)
Example:
Example
Indirect: He said (that) the sun rises in the East. (Anh ấy nói (rằng) mặt trời mọc ở phía đông.)
He said that if he were me, he would meet her. (Anh ấy nói rằng nếu anh ấy là tôi thì anh ấy sẽ gặp cô ấy.)
- Lời nói là cấu trúc "Wish + past simple/ past perfect"
Indirect: She said she wished she lived in Ho Chi Minh City. (Cô ấy nói rằng cô ấy ước cô ấy sống ở thành phố Hồ Chí
Minh.)
- Cấu trúc "It's time/ about time somebody did something":
Indirect: She said it was time the children went to school. (Cô ấy nói rằng đã đến lúc bọn trẻ đi học.)
- Lời nói Direct: có các động từ khiếm khuyết (could/ would/should/ might/ ought to/ had better/ used to...)
Indirect: Miss Lan said I should study hard. (Cô Lan nói tôi nên chăm học.)
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Example:"Would you like to come to my birthday party?"
He said => He invited me to come to his birthday party. (Anh ấy mời tôi đến bữa tiệc sinh nhật của anh ấy.)
=> Nhận xét: Nếu trong câu Direct: dùng cấu trúc "Would you like + to V...?" thì trong câu gián tiếp chúng ta thường sử
dụng động từ "invite"
Example:
=> My mother reminded me to get up early. (Mẹ tôi nhắc nhớ tôi thức dậy sớm.)
=> Nhận xét: Nếu trong câu Direct: dùng cấu trúc "Don't forget to V... hay Remember to V"thì trong câu gián tiếp chúng ta
thường sử dụng động từ "remind" 2.
Dạng 2: S + V + O + Ving/N)
Các động từ thường gặp trong dạng này là:
+ Apologize / apologise (to O ) for V-ing (xin lỗi (ai) về việc gì):
Example:"Sorry, I'm late." She said. => She apologized for being late +
Accuse + of V-ing (buộc tội ai về điều gì)
=> The boy accused his friend of stealing his bike the day before.
my teacher said to me => My teacher congratulated me on winning the the first prize.
+ Prevent + O + from V-ing = Stop + O + from V-ing. (ngăn cản ko cho ai làm gì)
Example:"It's very kind of you to show me the way", the stranger said to the little girl.
The stranger thanked the little girl for showing him the way.
=> His former teacher warned him against swimming too far/ not to swim too far.
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+ CRITICIZE/ REPROACH + O + FOR + VING: CHỈ TRÍCH/ PHÊ BÌNH AI VỀ VIỆC GÌ ĐÓ
=> Netizens criticized / reproached Chipu for having a bad singing voice
=> netizens criticized / reproached Chipu for her bad singing voice.
+ Blame sh for sth: đổ lỗi cho ai về việc gì ~ Blame sth on sb: đổ lỗi việc gì cho ai
The director said to her “ you caused this loss to the company”.
=> blame for : the director blamed her for causing that loss to the company
=> blame on : the director blamed that loss to the company on her.
Dạng 3: S + V + Ving Các động từ thường gặp trong dạng này là:
advise (khuyên); suggest (đề nghị); admit (thừa nhận/ thú nhận); deny(phủ nhận)
“I don't know her” Jenny said => Jenny denied knowing her.
Đề bài là “ let's / shall / why don't we / how about / what about” => suggest + V_ING
DẠNG 4: S + V + TO V...
Các động từ thường gặp trong dạng này là promise (hứa); threaten (đe dọa); agree(đồng ý); offer (đề nghị giúp ai);
refuse (từ chối); propose (bày tỏ );…
The man said => The man threatened to kill me if I called the police.
"I will come back early" He said. => He promised to come back early.
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Tip: đề viết với will => promise
5. DẠNG 5: S + V + GIỚI TỪ + VING CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP NHƯ:
Example:“I really need to meet you", he said to her. => He insisted on meeting her.
Example:"I feel like to go out with you tonight." The boy said to his friend.
=> The boy looked forward to going out with his friend that night."
Example:He’s in need. I think I’ll help him.” I said. => I thought of helping him.
1. Mẫu câu dùng cấu trúc động từ “advise” S + advise + O + (not) to V...
Các mẫu câu sau khi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp thường dùng động từ "advise":
S + should + V (bare-inf)
If I were you,...
S + suggest + Ving... Các mẫu câu sau khi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp thường dùng động từ "suggest":
+Let's+ V (bare-inf)
+Shall we + V (bare-inf)...?
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Example:
My friend said to me, "Let's go to the park." . => My friend suggested going to the park
Change direct speech into reported speech. Begin each of the sentences in the way shown.
1) He said to me,”You took the money.”
2) The teacher said to Jim, “Would you give your book to Mary please?”
8) The fire chief said, “Everyone must leave the building immediate ly.”
9) The man said to the hunters, “Everyone stopped hunting and killing animals.”
10) The instructor said to the students, “You’ll have exactly one hour to complete the exam.”
11) The boy said to the woman, “I’ve broken the window of your house.”
12) My parents often said to me, “Good for you! It’s good to be independent.”
14) He said to the children, “Don’t swim in the lake without an adult present.”
16) Laura said to her roommate, “Remember to set your alarm clock for 6:00 am.”
18) Tom said to you, “It was kind of you to help me. Thank you very much.”
Viết lại đúng các câu sau bằng cách sử dụng cấu trúc câu tường thuật
1. “Please download the information from this file,” the director said to us.
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2. “Where is the cake which I just made?” Her mother asked her.
4. “Please bring that outfit over here if it has any damage.” the clerk said to Lisa.
5. “Don’t come to my house without prior notice.” May’s colleague said to her.
7. Jimin’s girlfriend said, “My boyfriend is a very polite and courteous person so I love him very much.”
9. Jenny said to him: “Please lend me your car to carry this cargo to the train station because my dad needs it right now.”
11. “Tim, did you see the water bottle which I just bought?” Tim’s roommate asked.
14. “If you accept to take this survey, we will give you a discount coupon.” The seller said to us.
15. “What do you plan to buy for your girlfriend’s birthday?” Tom asked me
16. “I will get back to you as soon as possible,” the clerk said to him.
17. “Can I borrow your phone, Mina?” Mina’s colleague asked her
19. “Don’t drink that glass of water because it’s brandy.” Lisa’s boyfriend said to her.
20. “How long are you planning to study in Australia?” my roommate asked
Viết lại đúng các câu sau bằng cách sử dụng cấu trúc câu tường thuật
1. "What's the time?" he asked.
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4. "Where did they live?" he asked.
10. "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.