Oi
landGasWel
lCompl
eti
ons

Tubi
ngheadandX-
mast
ree

Ref: Well Completion and Servicing, by D. Perrin

pages 115 to 121

 
1
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Obj
ect
ives
By the end of the session you will:
• understand and identify the various types and
components of the tubing head and X-mas tree
• understand the connection methods for sub-
surface tools, such as hydraulic control lines
and electric cables
• know the function of the valves on a X-Mas tree
• have a basic understanding of the types of
flange connections that can be found on the
wellhead / X-Mas tree
 
2
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngheadandX-
mast
ree
Tubi
nghead
•Surfaceequi
pmentf
rom whi
cht
het
ubi
ngi
s
suspended

Xmast
reeorval
vear
ray
•Usedtocontrolwel
lduri
ngpr
oduct
ion
•Mountedabovewellhead
•Typi
call
ysourcedfr
om samemanuf
actur
er

API Spec
. 6A: Spec
ific
ati
on f
or Wel
l
head
Equi
pment

 
3
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Wellead ! "#P d$ring completion

BOP's Stack 

Tubing Head Spool

Casing Head Spool(s)

Casing Head Housing

 
4
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngheadFunct
ions
Primary f$nctions of t$bingead

• S$spend t$bing %it anger 

• Seal bet%een t$bing and ann$l$s
• Provide access ports to ann$l$s
  gaslift gas
  inibitor in&ection
  circ$lating te %ell
• Provide mo$nting for adapter flange or 'mas
tree

 
5
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngHangerTypes

•
Thr
eadedHangerFl
ange
–usedi
nlow pr
essur
ewel
ls(
e.g.Pumpi
ngwel
ls)

•
Bol
lWeevi
lType

•
Ram TypeTubi
ngHanger

 
6
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngHangerTypes

•
Bol
lWeevi
lType
TubingHangerf orBowlTypeTubingHead.
–Lesssui
tabl
etolandt
ubi
ngint
ensi
on

 
7
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

"oll(Weevil type anger and o$sing

"oll(Weevil

Hangert
ie-
downbol
t

Seal
*nn$l$s connection

)$bing

 
8
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Spool and +anger 

Thr
eadf
orpl
ugorcheckval
ve

 
9
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

+angers for D$al Completion

 
10
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngHangerTypes

•
Ram TypeTubi
ngHanger
–al
lowsf
reet
ubi
ngmani
pul
ati
ont
olat
cht
ubi
ngi
n
t
ensi
on

 
11
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngt
ensi
onhangerCamer
onSRT

loc bolt

anger 

rams

 
12
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

)$bing +anger %it -tended /ec

+anger may ave etended nec

• Pro&ects into base of '(mas tree or

adapter flange

• Sealed flo% pat tro$g %ellead

'mas tree or adapter interface

 
13
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Tubi
ngHanger
/XmasTr
eeI
nter
face

Tubi
nghangerneck
ext
endsinsi
debaseof
Xmastreeoradapt
er

 
14
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Adapt
erFl
ange

•Cross-overbetween tubi
nghangerspoolandx-
mas
t
ree
•I
tcanr ecei
vet
heext
endedt
ubi
nghangerneck
•Feedthroughf
or:
– 
electr
icalcabl
es(ESPorsensors)
– hydr
auliccont
rol
li
nes(sc-
sssv)
–sensorlineset
c

 
15
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Adapt
erFl
ange

Do$ble St$dded *dapter 0lange

DS*0 %it controlline o$tlet

+anger %it etended nec and controlline feed tro$g

 
16
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Surface Wellhead Connectors

 
17
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

)e completed %ell

Af
tert
het
ubi
ngi
sinst
all
ed:

TheBOP'
sar
eremov
ed
Xmas Tree

TheXma str
eeis
i
nstal
l
edtoc ont
rol
the
flowfrom t
hewell

Wellhead

 
18
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

XmasTr
ees

Pr
imaryflow cont
rolsyst
em f
orwel
loncei
n
pr
oducti
on

ur
Feat esandaccessr
equi
rement
s
•Outflow from wel
l-product
ion
•I
nflow towel l-i
nject
ionorkil
li
ng
•Verti
calaccesstotubing-wir
eline,coi
ledt
ubi
ng

 
19
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Fl
angedXmasTr
ee
Tr
eecap

Ki
llvalveorservi
ce
valvewithblank Lubr
icat
orval
ve
pl
atedur i
ngnormal
service
Choke

Uppermasterval
ve
oper
( at
ionalval
ve) oduct
Pr ion
wi
ngvalve
Lowermast erval
ve
(back-up)

 
20
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

XmasTr
eeComponent
s
•
Pressur
egauges(
accessor
y)
– 
saf
etyhazar
d/pot
ent
ialwr
ongpr
essur
ereadi
ngs

•
Gaugeflangeort
reecap
–pr
ovi
dessealf
ort
opoft
ree

•
Lubri
catorval
ve
–isol
atepressur
e,wellaccessforint
ervent
iont
ool
s

•
Flow tee
–usedtodirectflow,enablethr
u-tubi
ngaccess

•
Product i
onwi ngval ve
–usedt
oisol
atewel
lformostr
out
ineoper
ati
ons

 
21
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

XmasTr
eeComponent
s
•
Kil
lwi
ngval
ve
–enabl
esconnect
ionofpumpi
ngequi
pment

•
Choke(
accessor
y)
–cont
rol
srat
eofflow f
rom wel
l

•
Mast
erval
ves(
mai
nisol
ati
onval
ves)
–UpperMast
erVal
ve(
oper
ati
onalval
ve)
,
i
optonal
:hydraul
ic/pneumat
iccont
rol
led
Sur
faceSafet
yValve
–LowerMast
erVal
ve(
back-
upval
ve)
manual
lyoper
ated

 
22
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

'(mas tree valve

  The stem rotates

  The gate moes up
and do!n 

 
23
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Choke

"ean

Cap

 
24
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Cat
egor
iesofXmasTr
ee
Fl
angedt
ree
•Severalflangedcomponents
– 
eachconnect
ioni
sapot
ent
iall
eakpat
h
•Muchmorecommonthanmonobl ockdesi
gn
•Moreflexi
blethanmonoblockdesign
•t
akesupmor espace(
height)

Monobl
ockconst
ruct
iont
ree
•Singl
eblockconstr
uction
•Fewerpossibl
eleakpaths
•Usedinhighpressure/
leaksensi
ti
vel
ocat
ions

 
25
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Monobl
ockXmasTr
ee

Compri
ses i
nli
ne or "
Y" shaped bl
ock of
si
ngl
ecasti
ng/f
orgi
ng

Val
vingar
rangement
•
LowerMasterVal
ve(manual)
•
UpperMasterVal
ve(SurfaceSaf
etyVal
ve)
•
Ypieceorsideoutl
etflanges
–housesbot
hpr
oduct
ionandki
llwi
ngval
ves

•
Upper
mostval
ve(
manualswabval
ve)

 
26
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Monobl
ockXmasTr
ee
Tr
eecapandgauge

Swabval
ve

Ki
llwi
ngval
ve Pr
oduct
ionwi
ngval
ve
UpperMast
erVal
ve

3o%er 4aster alve

 
27
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Wel
lcl
ust
eri
nshal
low wat
er

 
28
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

W-33 6/ C-33*R

* %ell cellar is a
confined space7

 
29
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Wellead, tree and flo% line %ic miss a fe% parts

 
30
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

)ree oo($p

 
31
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Wel
lheadpl
atf
orm

 
32
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Mul
ti
pleCompl
eti
ons
Cases where mor
ethan one compl
eti
on
st
ri
nginstal
led

•
Eachst
ringi
ndependent
lysuspended

•
Mustsealofft
ubi
ngcasi
ngannul
us

–ei
theri
ndependent
lyorcol
lect
ivel
y

•
Independentcont
rolofflui
d flow i
n each
st
ring

 
33
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

Mul
ti
pleCompl
eti
onTr
ee

 
34
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

XmasTr
eeSel
ect
ion

-pr
oduceal
ist
ingoft
hepar
amet
ersoft
he
ant
ici
pat
edpr
ocessoroper
ati
ngenvel
ope

-Cl
assi
fyt
heWel
lType
WaterWell
 (l
ow ormedium pr
essur e,Rate)
OilWel
l 
(ow,medi
l um orhi
ghpr essure,GOR,Rate)
GasWell 
(low,medi
um orhighpr essure,WGR,Rat
e)

Thi
swillbet
hebasi
sforthedesi
gnandthe
sel
ect
ionofequi
pmentt
ypeandr at
ing

 
35
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

XmasTr
eeSel
ect
ion

WellType Wa ter Oil Gas

Ratng(
i psi
)3000 50003000 500010000 3000500010000

eeType
Tr

Fl
anged Yes No Yes No No No No No
ockNo Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Monobl

 
36
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

KEYWORDS
t
•ubingsuspensi
on
annul
• usaccess
hangerflange
•
bol
• lweevil
r
•am type
LMG,UMG,Swabval
• ve
pr
• oducti
onandki llwingval
ve
sur
• facesafet
yvalve
flangedandmonobl
• ocktree
pr
• essurerati
ng

 
37
Network of Excellence in Training 
 

ENDOFSESSI
ON

 
38
Network of Excellence in Training