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Plant Structures Part 2
Plant Structures Part 2
structures.notebook November 13, 2017
Leaf Structure
How does the structure match the function for
each leaf element?
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Leaf structures.notebook November 13, 2017
What is the function of
each tissue?
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Leaf structures.notebook November 13, 2017
Adaptions of leaves
Hydrophytes water plants. So large spaces in the mesophyll to enhance boyancy,
thick cuticles to control water movement
Xerophytes desert plants. Stomata protected in pits or with hairs to minimise
transpiration losses.
Bryophytes mosses. Gametophyte phase dominates, need water to transfer
spores to achieve fertilisation.
Pterophytes ferns
Monocots vs Dicots
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Monocot leaves
What are the differences and why do they occur?
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Hydrophytes
How have these leaves
adapted?
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Bryophytes
Why do mosses
(bryophytes) need to
be moist for part of
their life cycle?
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Life cycle of a Pterophyte (ferns)
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Flowers
Purpose: exchange gametes in sexual reproduction
Principle elements:
• Carpel (female) composed of stigma, style, ovary and ovule. Function: capture
pollen, check it and allow it to fertilize the ovary.
• Stamen (male) composed of anther and filament. Function: pollen dispersal
• Petals: attract pollinators with colour
• Sepals: protect the budding flower usually green
• Nectaries: at the base of the petals to attract pollinators with nectar
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Why are there so many types of flowers?
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Flowers: Sex variations
Hermaphrodite have both sexes in the same flower
Male only or female only flowers are divided in
monoecious plants where the plant produces single sex
flowers but both male and female separately so can
fertillise itself. Or Dioecious where the species produces
different sex flowers on different plants so two are needed
for fertillisation.
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Fruit: purpose seed dispersal
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Note there are many
classifications of fruit
more than are shown
here.
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Seed
germination.
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