CHAPTER 2

FUNCTIONS (PART 3)
 Learning Outcome
At the end of this video, you should be able to:
• Find the domain and range of a function.
 Definitions of Domain and Range
The domain of a function f(x) is the set of
all values of x for which the function is
defined.

The range of the function is the set of all

values that f or y takes.
Find domain and range from graphs
𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 = −𝟓, ∞
↓
U coordinate

y coordinate
↑
𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = −∞, 𝟓
 Example
Find the domain and range of the function f whose graph
is shown in the following figure.

domain
[ -3 .
1)
range

IQ -4]
Solution
𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 = −𝟑, 𝟏

𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = −𝟒, 𝟎
 Find domains and ranges of the toolkit
functions

y :c 𝑓 𝑥 =𝑥
* graph for m duty y ¥ -

Find domains and ranges of the

toolkit functions
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥2
Find domains and ranges of the
toolkit functions
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥3
1
𝑓 𝑥 =
𝑥
Find domains and ranges of the
toolkit functions
1
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑥2
Find domains and ranges of the
toolkit functions

3
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥
 HOW TO: GIVEN THE FORMULA FOR A FUNCTION,
DETERMINE THE DOMAIN AND RANGE.

• Exclude from the domain any input values that

result in division by zero.
• Exclude from the domain any input values that
have non-real (or undefined) number outputs.
• Use the valid input values to determine the
range of the output values.
• Look at the function graph and table values to
confirm the actual function behavior.
 Example
⑨
Find the domain and range of 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 − 𝑥
using toolkit functions.

Solution:
There are no restrictions on the domain, as any
real number may be cubed and then subtracted
from the result.
☐
The domain is −∞, ∞ and the range is also
−∞, ∞ .
☐
 Example
2
Find the domain and range of 𝑓 𝑥 = .
𝑥+1

Solution:
𝑥 + 1 ≠ 0 → 𝑥 ≠ −1 (because of )
The domain is −∞, −1 ∪ −1, ∞ .
2
≠0
𝑥+1
The range is −∞, 0 ∪ 0, ∞ .
 Example
Find the domain and range of 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 𝑥 + 4.

Solution:
𝑥 + 4 ≥ 0 → 𝑥 ≥ −4 (because of )
The domain of 𝑓 𝑥 is −4, ∞ .

When x = -4, 𝑓 −4 = 0 (minimum value of y)

When x  ∞, 𝑓 𝑥 → ∞.

The range is 0, ∞ .
Quick Check Exercise

𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓

𝑓 𝑥 =− 2−𝑥
Quick Check Exercise

𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓

𝑓 𝑥 =− 2−𝑥