Republic of the Philippines

NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

School of Education
Estancia, Iloilo

HEALTH 10
Quarter 2
 Quackery: The Practice of Health Fraud
 Traditional and alternative medicine
 Consumer Rights: Awareness and Protection

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 LESSON 1
Quackery: The Practice of Health
Fraud

What’s In
From our previous module, you have learned and studied about the responsibilities
and the techniques to become a more informed consumer. As you move further this
module, you will be learning about the fraudulent health information and be knowledgeable
and wiser health consumer.

Check your List

You might have done a similar activity in the previous module but this is just a review.
Complete the four criteria for evaluating health information below by supplying the missing letters.
Use the description below each word for your guide.

D_S_L_S_R_

1. This tells about the purpose and caveat of the information.

C_N_E_T

2. This tells about the accuracy, disclaimer, and completeness of .

information

IN_T_R_CT_V_T_

3. This is a feedback mechanism and means of information exchange

between the source and consumer.

C_i_D_B_L_T_

4. This tells about the source and recency of the information.

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What is It
Activity 1.1 More Quacks!

1. Study the forms of quackery in the pink boxes and the example of each
forms in the blue boxes..
2. Match the samples and the forms of quackery by connecting a line
between Blue and Pink boxes.

What’s More
At this point, you will do activities which will assess your deeper knowledge and
understanding of the topics learned. At the end of the phase, you will be assessed again to check
your reflection and understanding about the concepts and information learned.

Activity 1.2 Identifying legitimate practice

From the statements below, identify the modes of practice whether it is legitimate or a quack.
Write Q if it is a form of quackery or T if it is not.

1. A person sells you miracle potions that claim to treat different forms of body
deformities.

2. A group of specialist doctor offers free operation for glaucoma for the unfortunate
individuals who could not afford the operation.

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 3. A person who claims to have the cure for COVID-19 with the use of UV lights to kill
the virus cells.

4. When the FDA approves a medicine proven to alleviate the symptoms of the common
colds.

5. A salesperson claiming to provide the services of a dentist, but without proper training
and did not enroll into a school for dentistry.

What I Have Learned

Activity 1.3 Quackery: A summary
Fill in the blanks with the necessary words to make the statement correct. Choose your answers from
the words given inside the box.

Quack Quackery Medicine effective fraud scientifically

money spreads police Cure jargon diagnosed

business Medical council Health council

(1).___________, a form of health (2)_______, in any advertisement, promotion, or sale

of products and services that have not been (3)__________ proven safe and (4)_________.(Meeks,
et al, 2011). It is being operated by a (5)______. A person who has no professional qualifications to
practice (6)________. He/She also pretentiously uses meaningless medical (7)________ and relies
on scare tactics, paranoid accusations and quick fixes.

There are three major characteristics of health quackery (Schaler & Caroll, updated). First, it is
a big (8)_______. A huge amount of (9)______ is spent on fraudulent health products and services.
Second, It multiplies and (10)_______ fast. Lastly, it thrives on individuals who are
(11)__________with illnesses that are known to have no (12)____.
According to Dr. Anil Bansal of MEDtalk.in, Discover and learn: discuss, a quack maybe
questioned by (13)___________, (14)____________ and a (15)________..

Assessment
Write the letter of the correct answer on the space before each number which you think
corresponds the answer in each items.

_____1. In availing health information, products and services it is important to

evaluate the reliability of the source to avoid________.
A. Bias B. duplication C. quackery D. loss
_____2. Is a form of quackery that includes cures, treatments, and remedies of
various health conditions that is drugless or bloodless in nature.

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 A. Medical B. nutrition C. Device D. product
_____3. This refers to a form of quackery in food products and other nutritional practices claiming to
be all-natural.
A. Medical B. nutrition C. Device D. product
_____4. A form of quackery that makes use of miraculous gadgets, believed to cure
illness.
A. Medical B. nutrition C. Device D. product
_____5. It is explained as a form of health fraud in any advertisement, promotion, or
sale of products which are not scientifically proven safe and effective.
A. Diet B. quackery C. physician D. Medical jargon
_____6. Which might happen if a person supports quackery?
A. gain money B. jailed C. cured D. famous
_____7. Who is the person responsible to question a quack when someone files a
complain?
A. Barangay captain B. Medical council C. Health council D. Police
_____8. It is an example of a medical quackery;
A. hilot B. dentist C. water therapy D. neurologist
_____9. Which is an example of nutrition quackery?
A. food supplements B. lemon-honey juice
C. banana D. fruit salad
____10. Which is an example of device quackery?
A. Thermal scanner B. inhalator
C. massage roller D. sphygmomanometer
____11. A person who practices health fraud is known as?
A. Quack B. Doctor C. Physician D. Army

For numbers 12 to 15 choose your answers on the words in the box

credibility content disclosure interactivity

____12. This criterion for evaluating health information and products tells about the
purpose and caveat of the information.
____13. A criterion for evaluating health information and products that tells about
the source and recency of information.
____14. A criterion for evaluating health information and products that tells about
feedback mechanism and means of information exchange between the
source and the consumer.
____15. This criterion of evaluating health information and products tells about
accuracy, disclaimer and completeness of information.

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 LESSON 2
Traditional and alternative medicine

In this lesson, you will be learning the different modes of alternative medicine and alternative
forms of treatment. You will be learning the difference of alternative medicine from quackery so that
you will become more informed and vigilant on the types of alternative medicine that are safe and
scientifically proven to help you in your total well-being.

What I Know
Answer the following items to test your knowledge about Traditional and Alternative medicine.
Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it before each item.
1. Republic Act No. 8423 is also known as;
A. PITACHC
B. Traditional and alternative Medicine Act of 1997
C. Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care
D. Approved Herbal Plants

2. The Law making body responsible for the effective use of Traditional and Alternative Medicine is;
A. PITACHC
B. Traditional and alternative Medicine Act of 1997
C. Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care
D. Approved Herbal Plants

For numbers 3-6, Refer your answers to the Major Domain of complementary and alternative
medicine found in the box in the box;

A. Biology-based practices C. Energy Medicine

B. Manipulative and body-based practices D. Mind-body medicine

3. A domain of complementary and alternative medicine explained as, the use of magnetic fields or
biofields in belief that energy fields may enter various points in the body.
4. A domain which is explained as taking herbal medicine and availing special diets and vitamins.
5. A domain which is explained as bodily-kinesthetic in nature and are concerned with movement
therapy.
6. A domain which that uses mental exercises in belief that the brain is central to the health of an
individual.

For numbers 7-11, refer you answers to the Herbal Plants listed in the box which are approved
by the Department of Health.

A. Lagundi B. Sambong C. Ampalaya

D. Niyog-niyogan E. Pansit-pansitan

7. Herbal plant found to eliminate intestinal worms, particularly ascaris and trichina.
8. Herbs that was found to be a relief for cough and asthma.

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9. Herbal plant used to reduce urinary stones.
10. Herbal plant found to cure arthritis and gout.
11. Herbal plant used non-insulin dependent diabetic patients
12. Which of the following examples of Alternative Medicine uses needles that are inserted to specific
parts of the body to affect the energy flow?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
13. Which of these samples of Alternative Medicine is done by placing inverted glasses that have
flames from burning cotton, on specific points in the body?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
14. Which is an example of Alternative Medicine that is similar to acupuncture but focuses on treating
specific disorders through massaging of the soles of the feet?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
15. Which of the following is explained by Donatelle, 2006, as those diseases which manifests
alteration in the processes allows the body to naturally heal itself.
A. Complementary Medicine C. Alternative medicine
B. Naturopathy D. Herbal Medicine

What’s In
From our previous lessons, you have learned the different forms of quackery and how quacks
manipulate consumers into buying their fraudulent products and services. In this lesson, you are
going to learn the different forms of Alternative and Traditional Medicine that are recognized and
supported by the Philippine government. You start with reviewing Herbal medicine. Good luck Dude!
Activity 2.1 Garden of Herbs
Choose the letter of the medicinal herb that fits the description given. Write your answer in the
box on the first column.
Answer Description Choices
1. treatment of diseases such as controlling A. Sambong
of level of cholesterol and blood regulation of B. Bawang
blood pressure
C. Tsaang-Gubat
2. used as medicine to treat wounds and
cuts, rheumatism, anti-diarrhea, anti-spams, D. Bayabas
colds and coughs. It is also used for infected E. Akapulko
wounds, respiratory infections and stomach
F. Lagundi
pains.
G. Ampalaya
3. leaves, flowers, and bark are used to treat
skin diseases such as eczema or pruritis H. Niyog-niyugan
(itching), while a decoction of the wood is
useful in cases of constipation.
4. used for medicinal purposes as an anti-
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 spasmodic, mouthwash and body cleanser
5. used in various parts of the world to treat
diabetes.
6. have been used in traditional medicine to
manage conditions like malaria,
gastroenteritis, vomiting, diarrhea, and
toothache.
7. used to expel round worms and thread
worms from the body.
8. to stop coughing, relieve asthma, facilitate
the discharge of phlegm and to lower fever
due to colds or flu.

What is It
Activity 2.2 Examples of Alternative Medicine

Arrange the jumbled letters found on the second column to match the description on the third
column. Write your answer on the first column.

Answer Hints Description

CUPUANTCURE It is a form of energy medicine
where long thin needles are inserted
to specific parts of the body to affect
the energy flow. It is believed to treat
musculoskeletal dysfunctions.

TENOVSA P This procedure is done by placing

UCPING inverted glasses that have flames
AMSAGES from burning cotton, on specific
THERPAY points in the body. It is believed to
relieve muscle and joint pains.

LERFEXOOLGY Similar to acupuncture, It focuses on

treating specific disorders through
massaging of the soles of the feet.

CAPUESURRES This uses the same technique as

that of acupuncture. The only
difference is that it does not use
needles but hands to apply pressure
on certain points of the body.

UNTIROTNI THEA It approaches treatment of a medical

RPY condition by providing a tailored diet
for the patient.

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What’s More
Activity 2.3 Watch the Difference

From the words in the box, choose a pair of words that is described in each item to identify
their difference
Complementary medicine Alternative medicine acupressure reflexology

Ventosa cupping massage therapy acupuncture

1. A medicine availed and integrated

together with traditional medicine

A medicine offered in place of

traditional medicine

Uses Needles in relieving

2. diseases

Uses inverted glasses with flames

of burning cotton

Healing through massaging feet

3.
soles

Healing by application of pressure

to points of the body

What I Have Learned

Activity 2.4 Fill in the Blanks
Complete the paragraph below using the words given in the box.

Naturopathy Herbal acupuncture acupressure

nutritional therapy Ventosa cupping alternative medicine
PITAHC R.A. 8423 1997

“Naturopathic medicine views diseases as a manifestation of an alteration in the processes

by which the body naturally heals itself” (Donatelle,2006).
(1) offers a wide range of natural practices. This includes (2)
medicine which has at least 10 that are proven tested to have
medicinal value, (Galvez Tan, et al., 2009), It also includes, (3) , explained
as a form of energy medicine that uses thin needles inserted to body parts to affect energy
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flow. (4) is also included. This does not use needles but pressure of
the hands on certain points of the body.
Another natural practice included is the (5)______________________. The procedure of this
practice is done by placing inverted glasses that have flames from burning cotton on specific
points in the body and (6) which approaches treatment of a medical
condition by providing a tailored diet for the patient.
These naturopathic practices are also considered examples of (7)
which were approved by (8) under (9)
or better known as The Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of (10)
.

Assessment
Answer the following items to test your knowledge about traditional and alternative medicine. Choose
the letter of the correct answer and write it before each item.

1. Republic Act No. 8423 is also known as;

A. PITACHC
B. Traditional and alternative Medicine Act of 1997
C. Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care
D. Approved Herbal Plants

2. The Law making body responsible for the effective use of Traditional and Alternative Medicine is;
A. PITACHC
B. Traditional and alternative Medicine Act of 1997
C. Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care
D. Approved Herbal Plants

For numbers 3-6, Refer your answers to the Major Domain of complementary and
alternative medicine found in the box in the box;

A. Biology-based practices C. Energy Medicine

B. Manipulative and body-based practices D. Mind-body medicine

3. A domain of complementary and alternative medicine explained as, the use of magnetic fields or
biofields in belief that energy fields may enter various points in the body.
4. A domain which is explained as taking herbal medicine and availing special diets and vitamins.
5. A domain which is explained as bodily-kinesthetic in nature and are concerned with movement
therapy.
6. A domain which that uses mental exercises in belief that the brain is central to the health of an
individual.

For numbers 7-11, refer you answers to the Herbal Plants listed in the box which are approved
by the Department of Health.

A. Lagundi B. Sambong C. Ampalaya

D. Niyog-niyogan E. Pansit-pansitan

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7. Herbal plant found to eliminate intestinal worms, particularly ascaris and trichina.
8. Herbs that was found to be a relief for cough and asthma.
9. Herbal plant used to reduce urinary stones.
10. Herbal plant found to cure arthritis and gout.
11. Herbal plant used non-insulin dependent diabetic patients
12. Which of the following examples of Alternative Medicine uses needles that are inserted to specific
parts of the body to affect the energy flow?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
13. Which of these samples of Alternative Medicine is done by placing inverted glasses that have
flames from burning cotton, on specific points in the body?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
14. Which is an example of Alternative Medicine that is similar to acupuncture but focuses on treating
specific disorders through massaging of the soles of the feet?
A. Ventosa cupping massage therapy C. Reflexology
B. Acupressure D. Acupuncture
15. Which of the following is explained by Donatelle, 2006, as those diseases which manifests
alteration in the processes allows the body to naturally heal itself.
A. Complementary Medicine C. Alternative medicine
B. Naturopathy D. Herbal Medicine

LESSON 3
Consumer Rights: Awareness and Protection
This lesson is intended for you to know more about the global health trends and issues,
especially now with the current health situation the entire world is facing. We will know the details on
how the basic rights of every consumer are affected by the “New Normal” that we are adapting in this
time of crisis.

What’s In
The previous topic talked about Alternative and Traditional Medicine and it gave us more
awareness of the alternative modes of treating illnesses and for us not to become a victim of
fraudulent products and services often offered by quacks. In this lesson we will be learning the basic
rights of every consumers, especially now that we are in this trying times of the pandemic, where we
could easily become victims of miracle device, therapies and cure for the COVID-19.

What’s New

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Activity 1.1 Do you Know?

eight technology unfair Republic Act 7394

protect quality online products consumers

March 15, 1983 Right to safety Right to be informed History of

Right to choose Right to be heard John F. Kennedy Alternative and
Traditional
Medicine in the Philippines

The Philippines enacted (1.) or Consumer Act of the

Philippines on July 2, 1991. It is aimed to (2.) the interests of Filipino (3.)
and establish standards for business and industry by protecting the
consumers against hazards to health and safety and against deceptive and (4.)
sales practices, informing and educating consumers on sound choice, providing means for
redress, and involving consumers in policy decisions.
It was on (5.) where the former US President (6.)
enacted the declaration of the four basic consumer rights: (7.)
; (8.) ; (9.)
; and (10.) . The United
Nations later on added four more rights: Right to satisfaction of basic needs; right to redress; right
to education; and right to a healthy environment. These (11.) rights
summarize consumer rights all over the world. On April 9, 1985, UN adopted the Guidelines for
Consumer Protection, which embraced the principles of the eight consumer rights.

The necessity of being fully informed and aware rises as we face the dawn of the
advancement in (12.) , where buying goods and devices are at the
convenience of our smart-phones, tablets, and personal computers. This raises the question on how
the service providers could improve their (13.) of their services, which online services
could the consumer trust, what happens to consumers data which they share (14.)
, and what are the consumer rights when it comes to consumer (15.)
.

Reflection:

1. What is the importance of Consumer Laws?

2. What are instances that you practice your consumer rights?

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What is It
Activity 1.2 CONSUMER RIGHTS
Based on the information provided from the previous pages, this time you will identify the eight
basic rights of a consumer. Name the consumer rights that is being described in each number. Write
your answer on the space provided.
Right to basic needs Right to safety Right to information

Right to choose Right to representation Right to redress

Right to consumer education Right to a healthy environment

Consumer Basic Description

Rights
This right guarantees survival, adequate food, clothing,
shelter, healthcare, education, and sanitation.
This is the right to be protected against dishonest or
misleading advertising or labeling and the right to be given
the facts and information needed to make an informed choice.
This is the right to be compensated for misrepresentation,
shoddy goods or unsatisfactory services.
This is the right to choose products at competitive prices with
an assurance of satisfactory quality.
This is the right to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary
to be an informed customer.
This is the right to express consumer interests in the making
and execution of government policies.
This is the right to live and work in an environment that is
neither threatening nor dangerous and, which permits a life of
dignity and well-being.
This is the right to be protected against the marketing of
goods or the provision of services that are hazardous to
health and life.

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What’s More

Research:

Search for other national and international organization that protect and promotes the general welfare of a
consumer. Name and describe briefly. Write your answer on the space provided.

Now, your turn!

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Construct a letter of complaint for the purchase of a product that is already expired. Follow the format
above.
Refer your letter to the criteria that follows.
Activity 1.3 I ASSERT!
Criteria 4 3 2 1
The letter is The letter is eye- Text may be Letter is
creatively designed catching and difficult to read. unattractive or
with easily read text. attractive. Text is May have some inappropriate. Text
Grammar, style, and easy to read. grammar and or is difficult to read. It
purpose all excellent Grammar, style, punctuation that does not have
Layout and design for a friendly letter. and punctuation are indicate proper grammar or
indicative of a it is a friendly punctuation for a
friendly letter. letter. friendly letter.

Information is Information is well Some information Information is

accurate and written and is provided, but is poorly written,
Information, style, complete, is interesting to read. limited or inaccurate, or
audience, tone creatively written, inaccurate. incomplete.
and is cleverly
presented.
Accurate Parts of Letter is complete Some elements are Most elements are Improper friendly
the Friendly Letter with all required out of place or out of place or letter form
elements. missing. missing.

Grammar, It shows excellent job Style, purpose, Information is Grammar,

Punctuation, and on presentation, audience, grammar, mislabeled or punctuation, and
choice of words style, grammar, and and punctuation missing. choice of words are
for the friendly punctuation. all are fair and Inaccurate poor for a friendly
letter indicative of a punctuation are letter.
friendly letter. grammar are
manifested.
Follows Students are always Students stay in Students Students are often
Guidelines and on task, stay in their their area and talk occasionally leave out of their area
Directions own area, and work quietly to their own area without without permission
quietly. Students partner only. permission. and are disruptive
followed project to the class.
directions and
classroom directions.

Total: /20 points

What I Have Learned

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Activity 1.4. Fill it in!
Fill in the blanks with the necessary words to make the statement correct. Choose your answers from
the words given inside the box.

Generations Alternative medicine Acupuncture

Traditional medicine Herbal medicine

Traditional and Alternative Medicine have been around our society for centuries and have been
passed down over the 1. . There is a big difference in the practice of Alternative
medicine than that of Traditional medicine. 2. , also known as
complementary medicine, includes acupuncture. 3. involves picking the
skin with needles, used to alleviate pain and various mental, physical and emotional conditions. 4.
on the other hand, refers to the knowledge and skills on the
practices and traditions of indigenous folk. It uses 5. ___________ in the treatment of different types
of illnesses.

Post- Assessment
Multiple Choices. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on the space
provided.
1. Which of the statements best describes a quack?
A. A sound resonated from a duck
B. A person who sells legitimate medicine
C. An individual who has the credentials and proper training to practice medicine.
D. An individual who pretends to have the skills to practice medicine.
2. Which among the statements is NOT an example of quackery?
A. A person selling snake oil that claims to be a miracle cure for cancer.
B. A person selling a bracelet that claims to alleviate the effects of diabetes.
C. When a person sells you products which has solid scientifically proven basis
for his claims.
D. When a person promotes "Silver Solution," a so-called cure for COVID-19 with
no solid scientific proof.
3. Which of the following is not a form of quackery?
A. Medical quackery
B. Diet quackery
C. Nutrition quackery
D. Device quackery
4. How can a person distinguish a possible quack from the legitimate
products/services?
A. A quack usually offers products believed to have miracle benefits for your
health.
B. A quack usually gives proven information from reliable sources of health
information
C. A quack always tells you the dangers of using his/her promoted products.

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 D. A quack can you give feedback and suggestions, to the product/services that
you are using.
5. Selling a miracle cream which claims to make your skin look as young and
rejuvenated like a child after the first use without scientific basis is an example of:
A. Device quackery
B. Diet quackery
C. Nutrition quackery
D. Medical quackery
6. Which of the statements best describes traditional and alternative medicines?
A. These are medicines that are from the laboratories meant to treat COVID – 19.
B. It is a group of diagnostic and therapeutic disciplines that are used together
with conventional medicine.
C. It is a group of medicine specific to cure terminal disease like cancer.
D. These medicines that are harvested from the venom of the snake which is
meant to cure diabetes.
7. Below are examples of medicinal herbs and plants EXCEPT
A. Sambong
B. Bashful Mimosa
C. Lagundi
D. Ampalaya
8. Which of the following is not an example of a traditional medicine?
A. Acupuncture
B. Acupressure
C. Ventosa Cup Massage Therapy
D. Dialysis
9. These are the major domains of complementary and alternative medicine EXCEPT
A. biology-based practices
B. energy medicine
C. manipulative and body-based practices
D. immune therapy
10. It is an Alternative medicine practice where needles are inserted in some parts of the
body.
A. Acupuncture
B. Acupressure
C. Ventosa Cup Massage Therapy
D. Reflexology
11. What is the main purpose of the Food And Drug Administration (FDA)?
A. contributes to job generation and inclusive growth; and to advance the rights
and responsibilities of consumers.
B. ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs,
biological products, and medical devices
C. responsible for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and improving the
quality of basic education.
D. ensuring access to basic public health services through the provision of quality
healthcare and the regulation of providers of health goods and services.

12. Which statement below best describe the function and duties of the Department of
Health (DOH)?

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 A. Ensures the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs,
biological products, and medical devices
B. Ensures access to basic public health services through the provision of quality
healthcare and the regulation of providers of health goods and services.
C. Contributes to job generation and inclusive growth; and to advance the rights
and responsibilities of consumers.
D. Responsible for ensuring access to, promoting equity in, and improving the
quality of basic education.
13. This is the right to express consumer interests in the making and execution of
government policies.
A. The Right to Choose
B. The Right to Representation
C. The Right to Redress
D. The Right to Basic Needs
14. These are the basic rights of a consumer EXCEPT
A. The right to Basic Needs
B. The right to Inform
C. The right to safety
D. The right to a healthy environment.
15. These government agencies help in protecting the rights of every consumer in the
Philippines EXCEPT
A. Department of Health
B. Department of Trade and Industry
C. Food and Drug Administration
D. Department of Social Welfare and Development

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