ACTIVITY – I ACTIVITY - II

AIM: - To assemble a household circuit comprising of three bulbs, three AIM: - To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
on-off switches, a fuse and a power source. APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
APPARATUS REQUIRED:- 1. Resister 2. Ammeter 3. Voltmeter 4. One-way key
1. Three bulbs (15 W, 40 W and 60 W) 2. Three on-off switches 5. Battery 6. Rheostat 7. Connecting wire
3. A fuse wire 4. A two pin plug HOW TO DO: -
5. Flexible red and black PVC connecting wires 6. Main switch 1. Make the circuit diagram as shown in Fig 5.
2. Connect the ammeter, rheostat, resistor and battery in series wth each
other as shown in Fig 5.
3. Connect voltmeter in parallel with the given resistor as shown in Fig 5.
4. For measurement of current flowing through the circuit and potential
drop across the resistor ‘R’, insert the plug in key and adjust the rheostat so
that ammeter and voltmeter show some deflections and record the
observations.

THEORY: - Household circuit functions on main supply of 220 volt at the

frequency of 50 Hz and current ratings of 5A of domestic supply or normal
appliances. In household circuits, all the appliances are connected in
parallel with a switch connected in series with each appliance in supply live
line.
OBSERVATIONS:-
1. The bulb glows when the switch is made on. It stops glowing when the
switch is made off.
TAKE CARE:-
1. The safety fuse should be suitably selected.
OBSERVATIONS:-
1. Assembly of all the components in the electric circuit is complete.
TAKE CARE:-
1. Ammeter is connected in series in the circuit.
2. Voltmeter is connected in parallel with the given resistor.
 ACTIVITY - III 4.
AIM: - To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a .
steady current. .
APPARATUS REQUIRED:- .
1. Potentiometer 2. A voltmeter 3. An ammeter 10.
4. A battery of constant e.m.f 5. A one-way key 6. A rheostat CALCULATIONS: -
7. A jockey 8. Connecting wires A graph is plotted between V and l, taking l along X-axis and V along Y-
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: - axis as shown in Fig. 7. The graph comes to be a straight line.
RESULT: -
The ratio V/l is almost constant and the graph between V and l is a straight
line, these two results show that the fall of potential is directly proportional
to the length f the wire.
Hence, V  l.

TAKE CARE:-
1. The electrical connections should be neat, clean and tight.
2. The positive pole of battery and positive terminal of voltmeter must be
connected with zero mark (A end) of the potentiometer.
3. The jockey should be gently pressed over the potentiometer wire.
4. The reading of ammeter should remain constant throughout the
THEORY: - experiment.
1. When a steady current is flowing through the potentiometer wire of
uniform cross-section area, the fall of potential V along a potentiometer
wire is directly proportional to the length of the wire l, i.e., V  l.
OBSERVATIONS:-
Least count of ammeter = …… ampere
Zero correction for ammeter = …… ampere
Least count of voltmeter = ….. volt
Zero correction of voltmeter = …… volt
Steady current flowing through the potentiometer wire = ……. Ampere
Table to study the variation of potential drop
Voltmeter reading (volt)
Length of wire l V/l
S. No. Corrected
(cm) Observed (volt cm-1)
(V)
1.
2.
3.
 ACTIVITY - IV TAKE CARE:-
AIM: - To draw the diagram of given open circuit comprising of at least a 1. Ammeter should be connected in series while voltmeter should be
battery, a resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the connected in parallel with the circuit.
components that are not connected in proper order and correct the circuit 2. Cell should be connected in parallel with the rheostat.
and also the circuit diagram. 3. Voltmeter and ammeter of proper range should be used.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
1. A voltmeter and an ammeter of appropriate range
2. A battery eliminator of range 0 to 6 volt
3. A dry cell 4. Two one-way keys 5. A rheostat
THEORY: -
A cell is said to be in an open circuit when no current is drawn from it. The
circuit diagram of a cell in an open circuit is shown in the Fig 8 and the
components are connected as shown in the diagram (Fig. 8)

CONCLUSION: -
When ammeter shows zero reading, hence, cell is said to be in open circuit.