Relationships and Theorems Among Chords Arcs Central Angles and Inscribed Angles 2

CHORDS, ARCS,
CENTRAL ANGLES AND

INSCRIBED ANGLES
ACTIVITY 4.1: DESCRIBE MY TERMS
Define or describe each term related to a circle.
Term Definition/Description
It is a segment drawn from the center of the
Radius
circle to any point on the circle.
Diameter It is a segment whose endpoints are on the
circle and it passes through the center of the
circle.
It is the longest chord.
It is a segment joining any two points on the
Chord
circle.
Semicircle It is an arc measuring one-half of the

circumference of a circle.
Minor It is an arc of a circle that measures less than a

arc semicircle.
Major It is an arc of a circle that measures greater than

arc a semicircle.
Central It is an angle whose vertex is at the center of the

angle circle and with two radii as its sides.
Inscribed It is an angle whose vertex is on the circle and

angles whose sides contain chords of the circle.
ACTIVITY 4.2: KNOW MY TERMS AND CONDITIONS…
Use the figure to identify and name the following terms related
to ⨀𝐴.
to ⨀𝐴.
𝑨𝑵 𝑨𝑱 𝑨𝑬
𝑱𝑬
𝑳𝑬 𝑱𝑬
to ⨀𝐴.
𝑱𝑬
𝑳𝑬 𝑱𝑬
𝑱𝑵𝑬 𝑬𝑳𝑱
𝑱𝑵 𝑵𝑬 𝑬𝑳 𝑳𝑱 𝑳𝑱𝑵
𝑱𝑵𝑳 𝑵𝑬𝑳𝑵𝑬𝑱 𝑬𝑳𝑵𝑳𝑱𝑬
to ⨀𝐴.
𝑱𝑬
𝑳𝑬 𝑱𝑬
𝑱𝑵𝑬 𝑬𝑳𝑱
𝑱𝑵 𝑵𝑬 𝑬𝑳 𝑳𝑱 𝑳𝑱𝑵
𝑱𝑵𝑳 𝑵𝑬𝑳 𝑵𝑬𝑱 𝑬𝑳𝑵 𝑳𝑱𝑬
∠𝑱𝑨𝑵 ∠𝑵𝑨𝑬
∠𝑳𝑬𝑱 ∠𝑱𝑬𝑵
ACTIVITY 4.3: LOOK AT MY MEASURE AND YOU WILL SEE
Use the figure to complete the table.
Central Measure Intercepted Measure
Angle Arc
∠𝑭𝑨𝑩 𝟏𝟎𝟓° 𝑭𝑩 𝟏𝟎𝟓°
𝟏𝟎𝟓° 𝟕𝟓°
∠𝑩𝑨𝑪 𝟕𝟓° 𝑩𝑪 𝟕𝟓°
𝟑𝟎° 𝟔𝟎°
𝟗𝟎°
∠𝑪𝑨𝑫 𝟔𝟎° 𝑪𝑫 𝟔𝟎°
∠𝑫𝑨𝑬 𝟗𝟎° 𝑫𝑬 𝟗𝟎°

∠𝑬𝑨𝑭 𝟑𝟎° 𝑬𝑭 𝟑𝟎°
CENTRAL ANGLES AND THEIR INTERCEPTED ARCS
• The measure of a central angle of a
circle is equal to the degree
measure of its intercepted arc.
Sum of the Central Angles
𝟏
• The sum of the measures of the 𝟐
central angles of a circle with no
𝟓 𝟑
common interior points is 360 °.
𝟒
Sum of the Arcs
• The sum of the measures of the
arcs of a circle with no common
points is 360 °.
ACTIVITY 4.4: WHAT IS MY MEASURE?
Use the figure to complete the table.
Central Measure Intercepted Measure 𝟓𝟎°
Angle Arc 𝟔𝟎°
∠𝑯𝑮𝑰 𝟓𝟎° 𝑯𝑰 𝟓𝟎° 𝟔𝟎° 𝟓𝟎°
∠𝑰𝑮𝑱 𝟗𝟎° 𝑰𝑱 𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°

𝟏𝟐𝟎°
∠𝑲𝑮𝑳 𝟏𝟐𝟎° 𝑲𝑳 𝟏𝟐𝟎° 𝟒𝟎°
𝟏𝟐𝟎°
∠𝑱𝑮𝑲 𝟒𝟎° 𝑱𝑲 𝟒𝟎°
𝟒𝟎°
∠𝑳𝑮𝑯 𝟔𝟎° 𝑳𝑯 𝟔𝟎°
EVALAUTION 4.1: KNOW MY MEASURE
Use the figure to solve for the value of each variable.
𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for a:

𝟒𝒂
𝟒𝒂 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟕𝟐°
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖° 𝟒𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎𝟖°
𝟐𝟒° 𝟕𝟐°
𝟒 𝟒
𝒄 𝟐𝒅 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° 𝒂 = 𝟐𝟕°
𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for b:

𝟒𝒂
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖° = 𝟏𝟎𝟖°
𝟐𝟒°
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖°
𝟕𝟐° 𝟐𝒃 = 𝟏𝟎𝟖° − 𝟏𝟖°
𝟐𝒃 = 𝟗𝟎°
𝒄 𝟐𝒅 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° 𝟐 𝟐
𝒃 = 𝟒𝟓°
𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for c:

𝟒𝒂
𝒄 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − (𝟏𝟎𝟖° + 𝟐𝟒°)
𝟐𝟒°
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖°
𝟖𝟎° 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟏𝟑𝟐°
𝒄 = 𝟒𝟖°
𝒄 𝟐𝒅 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔°
𝟒𝟖°
𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for d:

𝟒𝒂
𝟐𝒅 = 𝟗𝟎° − 𝟒𝟖°
𝟐𝟒°
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖°
𝟕𝟐° 𝟐𝒅 = 𝟒𝟐°
𝟐 𝟐
𝟒𝟖°
𝒄 𝟐𝒅 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° 𝒅 = 𝟐𝟏°
𝟒𝟐°
𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for e:

𝟒𝒂
𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°−(𝟕𝟐° + 𝟒𝟐°)
𝟐𝟒°
𝟐𝒃 + 𝟏𝟖°
𝟕𝟐° 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟏𝟏𝟒°
𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° = 𝟔𝟔°
𝟒𝟖°
𝒄 𝟐𝒅 𝟑𝒆 + 𝟔° 𝟑𝒆 = 𝟔𝟔° − 𝟔°
𝟑𝒆 = 𝟔𝟎°
𝟔𝟔° 𝟑 𝟑
𝟒𝟐° 𝒆 = 𝟐𝟎°
ACTIVITY 4.5: WHAT DO YOU THINK I AM?
Read the sentences below, then answer every question that
follows.
1. Maybe the letters had been intercepted.
2. The policemen intercepted his plan to escape.
3. They cannot receive or send letters or e-mails in case they
are intercepted.
4. Jack flies a fighter as he intercepted any aircraft that
attempt to enter the United States’ airspace.
5. He is about to stoop over her hand and kiss it, but with a
rapid, almost brutal movement of her head, she
intercepted his lips and meet them with her own.
ACTIVITY 4.5: WHAT DO YOU THINK I AM?
Read the sentences below, then answer every question that
follows.
a. Identify what part of speech
is the word ‘intercepted’.
→ verb
b. Define the word ‘intercepted’.
→ obstruct (someone or
something) to prevent them from
continuing to a destination.
c. Give synonyms of the word
‘intercepted’.
→ interrupted → caught
→ stopped → cut off
ACTIVITY 4.6: INSCRIBE ME
Perform the following activity by group. Answer the following
question that follows.
1. Use a compass to draw a circle. Mark and label the center
of the circle as point E.
2. Draw a diameter of the circle. Label the endpoints as D
and W.
3. From the center of the circle, draw radius EL. Using a
protractor, measure ∠𝐿𝐸𝑊 and 𝐿𝑊 ?
4. Connect points L and D with a line segment. Using a
protractor, measure ∠𝐿𝐷𝑊.
5. Fill in the table that follows.
Group Measure of the Measure of the Measure of the
Central Angle Intercepted Arc Inscribed Angle
1
2
3
4
5
6
Answer the following question that follows.
1. What do you call ∠𝐿𝐸𝑊? → central angle
2. What do you call 𝐿𝑊 ? → intercepted arc of ∠𝐿𝐸𝑊
3. What do you call ∠𝐿𝐷𝑊? → inscribed angle
4. If you compare the measure of ∠𝐿𝐸𝑊 and the degree measure
of 𝐿𝑊, what statements can you make?
→ The measure of ∠𝐿𝐸𝑊 and the degree measure of 𝐿𝑊 are equal.
5. If you compare the measure of ∠𝐿𝐷𝑊 and the degree measure
of 𝐿𝑊, what statements can you make?
→ The measure of ∠𝐿𝐷𝑊 is half the degree measure of 𝐿𝑊.
→ The degree measure of 𝐿𝑊 is twice the of measure of ∠𝐿𝐷𝑊.
CENTRAL ANGLES AND THEIR INTERCEPTED ARCS
• The measure of a central angle of a
circle is equal to the degree measure
of its intercepted arc.
𝑫
INSCRIBED ANGLES AND THEIR
𝟏 𝑬
INTERCEPTED ARCS 𝟐
𝒙
𝒙
• The measure of an inscribed angle 𝑾
of a circle is half the degree 𝒙
measure of its intercepted arc. 𝑳
• The degree measure of an intercepted
arc measure is twice the measure of its
inscribed angle of a circle.
ACTIVITY 4.7: MY BETTER HALF
Given point A is the center of each circle, find the following:
find 𝑚 𝑇𝑌 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐴𝑌 = 𝟏𝟕𝟎° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐴𝑌 = 𝟔𝟎°

find 𝑚∠𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟓𝟓° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟖𝟓° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟑𝟎°
find 𝑚 𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎° find 𝑚 𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟏𝟗𝟎° find 𝑚 𝑇𝑂𝑌 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎°
EVALUATION 4.2: ENCIRCLE ME
Rectangle TEAM is inscribed in ⨀ 𝐵 . If 𝑚 𝑇𝐸 = 64° and
𝑚∠𝑇𝐸𝑀 = 58°, find the following:
1. 𝑚∠𝑇𝐵𝐸 = 𝟔𝟒° 8. 𝑚∠𝐸𝐵𝐴 = 𝟏𝟏𝟔°
𝟓𝟖°
2. 𝑚∠𝑇𝑀𝐸 = 𝟑𝟐° 9. 𝑚∠𝐸𝑇𝐴 = 𝟓𝟖°
𝟑𝟐° 𝟑𝟐°
𝟔𝟒°
3. 𝑚∠𝑇𝐴𝐸 = 𝟑𝟐° 10. 𝑚∠𝐸𝑀𝐴 = 𝟓𝟖°
𝟏𝟏𝟔°
𝟏𝟏𝟔°
𝟏𝟏𝟔°
4. 𝑚 𝑇𝑀 = 𝟏𝟏𝟔° 11. 𝑚 𝑀𝐴 = 𝟔𝟒° 𝟑𝟐° 𝟔𝟒° 𝟑𝟐°
5. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐴𝑇 = 𝟓𝟖° 12. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐵𝐴 = 𝟔𝟒° 𝟓𝟖° 𝟓𝟖°
6. 𝑚∠𝑇𝐵𝑀 = 𝟏𝟏𝟔° 13. 𝑚∠𝑀𝑇𝐴 = 𝟑𝟐°
𝟔𝟒°
7. 𝑚 𝐸𝐴 = 𝟏𝟏𝟔° 14. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐸𝐴 = 𝟑𝟐°
ACTIVITY 4.8: TWINNING CIRCLES
1. Use a compass to draw a circle. Draw another circle with
the same size used in drawing the first one.
2. Mark and label the center of the first circle as point A and
the center of the second circle as point T.
3. From the center of ⨀𝐴 draw radius MA and from the
center of ⨀𝑇 draw radius TH.
4. Measure the length of the two radii.
5. What can you say about the measure of the two radii?
→ The measures of the two radii, 𝑀𝐴 and 𝑀𝐴 are equal.
ACTIVITY 4.8: TWINNING CIRCLES
6. Complete the statement:
Circles with congruent radii are congruent .
7. Using a protractor, draw ∠𝑀𝐴𝐷 measuring 60° in ⨀𝐴.
Draw ∠𝑆𝑇𝐻 measuring 60° in ⨀𝑇.
8. What kind of angles are ∠𝑀𝐴𝐷 and ∠𝑆𝑇𝐻? central angles
9. What can you say about the degree measures of the two
intercepted arcs? Their measures are equal.
10. Complete the statement:
Arcs of the same or of congruent circles with equal
measures are congruent .
CONGRUENT CIRCLES
• Congruent circles are circles
with congruent radii.
𝐴𝐵 is the radius of ⨀𝐴.
𝐻𝐼 is the radius of ⨀𝐻.
If 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐻𝐼, then ⨀𝐴 ≅ ⨀𝐻.
CONGRUENT ARCS
• Congruent arcs are arcs of
the same or of congruent
circles with equal measures.
In ⨀𝐴, 𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐸𝐷 .
If ⨀𝐴 ≅ ⨀𝑁, then 𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝑃𝑂 and 𝐸𝐷 ≅ 𝑃𝑂.
THEOREMS ON CENTRAL ANGLES, ARCS, AND CHORDS
Theorem 1.
In a circle or in congruent circles, two minor arcs are
congruent if and only if their corresponding central angles
are congruent.
ACTIVITY 4.9: PROVE ME
Use the figure to fill tzhe two-
column proof and prove the
Given:
theorem.⨀𝐸 ≅ ⨀𝐼 ∠𝑆𝐸𝑇 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐼𝐺
Prove: ST ≅ 𝐵𝐺 .
Statement Reasons
1. ⨀𝐸 ≅ ⨀𝐼 and ∠𝑆𝐸𝑇 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐼𝐺 1. Given
2. 𝑚∠𝑆𝐸𝑇 = 𝑚∠𝐵𝐼𝐺 2. Definition of congruent angles
3. In ⨀𝐸, 𝑚∠𝑆𝐸𝑇 = 𝑚 𝑆𝑇. 3. The degree measure of the minor
In ⨀𝐼, 𝑚∠𝐵𝐼𝐺 = 𝑚 𝐵𝐺. arc is the measure of the central
angle which intercepts the arc.
4. 𝑚 𝑆𝑇 = 𝑚 𝐵𝐺 4. Substitution
5. ST ≅ 𝐵𝐺 5. Definition of congruent arcs
EVALUATION 4.3: FILL IN TO PROVE ME
Fill in the blanks in the two-column
proof to prove the theorem.
Given: ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸
Prove: BC ≅ 𝐷𝐸 .
Statement Reasons
1. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐴𝐸 1. Given
2. 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐸 2. Definition of congruent angles
3. 𝑚∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 = 𝑚 𝐵𝐶. 3. The degree measure of the minor
𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐸 = 𝑚 𝐷𝐸. arc is the measure of the central
angle which intercepts the arc.
4. 𝑚 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑚 𝐷𝐸 4. Substitution
5. BC ≅ 𝐷𝐸 5. Definition of congruent arcs
ACTIVITY 4.10: APPLY WHAT YOU PROVE
In ⨀𝐶, 𝑚∠𝐻𝐶𝐺 = 2𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐻𝐶𝐷 = 6𝑥 + 28°.
Solve for the value of x and then find each measure.
1. 𝑚 𝐸𝐹 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐯𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐱:
𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖° + 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
2. 𝑚 𝐻𝐷 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟐𝟖°
𝟐𝒙 𝟖𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓𝟐°
𝟖 𝟖
3. 𝑚 𝐻𝐺𝐹 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟗°
1. 𝑚 𝐸𝐹 𝐱 = 𝟏𝟗°
𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟐𝒙
𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟐(𝟏𝟗°)
2. 𝑚 𝐻𝐷
𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟑𝟖°
𝟐𝒙
𝟑𝟖° 𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮= 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖°
3. 𝑚 𝐻𝐺𝐹 𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟔(𝟏𝟗°) + 𝟐𝟖°
𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟏𝟏𝟒° + 𝟐𝟖°
𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐°
1. 𝑚 𝐸𝐹 𝒎 𝑬𝑭 = 𝒎∠𝑬𝑪𝑭
= 𝟓𝟐° 𝒎 𝑬𝑭 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − (𝟗𝟎° + 𝟑𝟖°)
2. 𝑚 𝐻𝐷 𝒎 𝑬𝑭 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° −𝟏𝟐𝟖°
𝟐𝒙 𝒎 𝑬𝑭 = 𝟓𝟐°
𝟑𝟖°
3. 𝑚 𝐻𝐺𝐹
1. 𝑚 𝐸𝐹 𝒎 𝑯𝑫 = 𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑫
= 𝟓𝟐° 𝒎 𝑯𝑫 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐°
2. 𝑚 𝐻𝐷 𝒎 𝑯𝑮𝑭 = 𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑭
𝟐𝒙
= 𝟏𝟒𝟐° 𝒎 𝑯𝑮𝑭 = 𝒎∠𝑯𝑪𝑮 + 𝒎∠𝑮𝑪𝑭
𝟑𝟖°
𝒎 𝑯𝑮𝑭 = 𝟑𝟖° + 𝟗𝟎°
3. 𝑚 𝐻𝐺𝐹
= 𝟏𝟐𝟖° 𝒎 𝑯𝑮𝑭 = 𝟏𝟐𝟖°
EVALUATION 4.4: APPLY THE THEOREM
In ⨀𝑀, 𝑚∠𝐿𝑀𝑁 = 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑁𝐿𝑂 = 4𝑥 + 40°.
Find each measure.
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐯𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐱:
1. 𝑚 𝑀𝑁
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒙 +𝟒𝟎° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
𝟑𝒙 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒙 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟒𝟎°
2. 𝑚 𝑁𝐿𝑂 𝟕𝒙 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎°
𝟕 𝟕
𝒙 = 𝟐𝟎°
In ⨀𝑀, 𝑚∠𝐿𝑀𝑁 = 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑁𝐿𝑂 = 4𝑥 + 40°.
Find each measure.
1. 𝑚 𝑀𝑁 𝐱 = 𝟐𝟎°
= 𝟔𝟎°
𝟔𝟎° 𝒎 𝑴𝑵 = 𝒎∠𝑴𝑳𝑵
𝟑𝒙
𝒎 𝑴𝑵 = 𝟑𝒙
2. 𝑚 𝑁𝐿𝑂
𝒎 𝑴𝑵 = 𝟑(𝟐𝟎°)
𝒎 𝑴𝑵 = 𝟔𝟎°
In ⨀𝑀, 𝑚∠𝐿𝑀𝑁 = 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠ = 4𝑥 + 40°.
Find each measure.
1. 𝑚 𝑀𝑁 𝐱 = 𝟐𝟎°
= 𝟔𝟎°
𝟔𝟎° 𝒎 𝑵𝑳𝑶 = 𝒎∠𝑵𝑳𝑶
𝟑𝒙
𝒎 𝑵𝑳𝑶 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒𝟎°
2. 𝑚 𝑁𝐿𝑂
= 𝟏𝟐𝟎° 𝒎 𝑵𝑳𝑶 = 𝟒(𝟐𝟎°) + 𝟒𝟎°
𝒎 𝑵𝑳𝑶 = 𝟖𝟎° + 𝟒𝟎°
𝒎 𝑵𝑳𝑶 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎°
ACTIVITY 4.11: TWINNING CIRCLES 2.0
Perform the following activity.
1. Use a compass to draw a circle. Draw another circle with

the same size used in drawing the first one.
2. Mark and label the center of the first circle as point T and
the center of the second circle as point N.
𝑻 𝑵
3. Draw a segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑇 and label

the two points as A and B.
𝑨
𝑩
𝑻 𝑵
4. Use a ruler to measure the length of 𝐴𝐵.
𝑨
𝒙
𝑩
𝑻 𝑵
5. Draw another segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑇 with

the same length as of 𝐴𝐵 and label the two points as C
and H. 𝑨
𝒙
𝑪
𝑩
𝑻 𝑵
𝑯
6. Draw another segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑁 with

the same length as of 𝐴𝐵 and label the two points as O
and E. 𝑨
𝒙
𝑪
𝑩
𝑻 𝑵
𝑬
𝒙 𝒙
𝑶
𝑯
In ⨀𝑇, 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐻. Since the two chords are congruent,

then 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐻 .
If ⨀𝑇 ≅ ⨀𝑁 and 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐻 ≅ 𝑂𝐸, then AB ≅ 𝐶𝐻 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 .

THEOREMS ON ARCS AND CHORDS
Theorem 2.
In a circle or in congruent circles, two minor arcs are
congruent if and only if their corresponding chords are
congruent.
ACTIVITY 4.12: PROVE ME 2.0
Complete the two-column proof to
prove the theorem.
Given: ⨀𝑇 ≅ ⨀𝑁and 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸
Prove: 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 .
Statement Reasons
1. ⨀𝑇 ≅ ⨀𝑁and 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 1. Given
2.𝑚 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑚 𝑂𝐸 2. Definition of conguent arcs.
3. ∠𝐴𝑇𝐵 and ∠𝑂𝑁𝐸 are 3. By substitution
central angles.
4. ∠𝐴𝑇𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐵 and 4. The degree measure of a minor arc
∠𝑂𝑁𝐸 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 is the measure of the central angle
which intercepts the arc.
prove the theorem.
Statement Reasons
5. ∠𝐴𝑇𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑂𝑁𝐸 5. By substitution
6. 𝑇𝐴 ≅ 𝑇𝐵 ≅ 𝑁𝑂 ≅ 𝑁𝐸 6. Radii of the same circle or congruent
circles are congruent
7. ∆𝐴𝑇𝐵 ≅ ∆𝑂𝑁𝐸 7. SAS Postulate
8. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 8. Corresponding Parts of Congruent
Traiangles are Congruent CPCTC .
ACTIVITY 4.13: APPLY THEOREM 2
Use the diagram of ⨀𝐷 to find the following.
𝟏𝟏𝟎° If 𝑚 𝐴𝐵 = 110°, find 𝑚 𝐵𝐶.
𝑨 𝟗 𝑩
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
𝑫
𝟗 𝑩𝑪 ≅ 𝑨𝑩
𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝒎 𝑨𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎°
𝑪 𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎°
Use the diagram of ⨀𝐷 to find the following.
𝟏𝟎𝟓° If 𝑚 𝐴𝐶 = 150°, find 𝑚 𝐴𝐵.
𝑨 𝟗 𝑩
𝑫 𝒎 𝑨𝑪 + 𝒎 𝑨𝑩 + 𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝟗 𝟏𝟓𝟎° + 𝒎 𝑨𝑩 + 𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝒎 𝑨𝑩 + 𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎° − 𝟏𝟓𝟎°
𝑪 𝒎 𝑨𝑩 + 𝒎 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎°
𝟐 𝒎 𝑨𝑩 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎°
𝟐 𝟐
𝒎 𝑨𝑩 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓°
EVALUATION 4.5.1: PROVE THEOREM 2
prove the theorem.
Statement Reasons
1. ⨀𝑇 ≅ ⨀𝑁and 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 1. Given
2.𝑇𝐴 ≅ 𝑇𝐵 ≅ 𝑁𝑂 ≅ 𝑁𝐸 2. Radii of the same circle or congruent
circles are congruent
3. ∆𝐴𝑇𝐵 ≅ ∆𝑂𝑁𝐸 3. SSS Postulate
4. ∆𝐴𝑇𝐵 ≅ ∆𝑂𝑁𝐸 4. Corresponding Parts of Congruent
Traiangles are Congruent CPCTC .
5. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 5. 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚 1:In a circle or in congruent circles, two
minor arcs are congruent if and only if their
corresponding central angles are congruent.
EVALUATION 4.5.2: APPLY THEOREM 2
In the diagram ⨀𝑃 ≅ ⨀𝑄, 𝐹𝐺 ≅ 𝐽𝐾, and 𝑚 𝐽𝐾 = 80°. Find
𝑚 𝐹𝐺. 𝑱
𝑷
𝑸
𝑬
𝑭 𝑮
𝑲
Because 𝐹𝐺 and 𝐽𝐾 are congruent chords in congruent circles,

the corresponding minor arcs are congruent. Therefore, and
𝑚 𝐹𝐺 = 𝑚 𝐽𝐾 = 80°.
ACTIVITY 4.13: SHOW HOW TO BISECT RIGHT

of the circle as U.
𝑻
2. Use a ruler to draw a chord. Label the two endpoints as G

and N.
𝑮 𝑻
𝑵
3. Measure the length of the chord and divide it into two.

Mark and label the midpoint of the chord as I.
𝑮 𝑻
𝑵
4. Draw a segment connecting the midpoint of the chord,

center of the circle and two points on the circle. Label the
endpoints as E and S. What kind of segment is ES?
𝑺 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter.
𝑮 𝑻
𝑬
𝑵
5. Using a protractor, measure ∠𝐺𝐼𝑆, ∠𝑁𝐼𝑆, ∠𝐺𝐼𝐸, and ∠𝑁𝐼𝐸.
𝑮 𝑻
𝟗𝟎°
𝑰
𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°
𝑬 𝟗𝟎°
𝑵
6. What kind of angles are formed in the diagram?

Right angles
𝑮 𝑻
𝟗𝟎°
𝑰
𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°
𝑬 𝟗𝟎°
𝑵
7. What is the relationship between the diameter and the

chord in the diagram?
The diameter is perpendicular to the chord.
𝑺
𝑮 𝑻
𝟗𝟎°
𝑰
𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°
𝑬 𝟗𝟎°
𝑵
7. What does the diameter do to the chord in the diagram?

The diameter bisects the chord.
𝑮 𝑻
𝟗𝟎°
𝑰
𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°
𝑬 𝟗𝟎°
𝑵
In ⊙ 𝑇 on the right, 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter and 𝐺𝑁 is a chord.

If 𝐸𝑆 ⊥ 𝐺𝑁, then 𝐺𝐼 ≅ 𝐼𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐺𝐸 ≅ 𝐸𝑁
𝑮 𝑻
𝟗𝟎°
𝑰
𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°
𝑬 𝟗𝟎°
𝑵
THEOREMS ON DIAMETERS AND CHORDS
Theorem 3.
In a circle, a diameter (or radius) bisects a chord and an
arc with the same endpoints if and only if it is perpendicular
to the chord.
Complete the two-column proof to prove the theorem.
Given: 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter of ⨀𝑇 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑆 ⊥ 𝐺𝑁 at I.
Prove: 𝐺𝐼 ≅ 𝑁𝐼 and 𝐸𝐺 ≅ 𝐸𝑁.
Statement Reasons
1. 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter of ⨀𝑇 1. Given
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑆 ⊥ 𝐺𝑁 at I.
2. ∠𝐺𝐼𝑇 and ∠𝑁𝐼𝑇 are right∠ . 2. Definition of perpendicular lines.
3. ∠𝐺𝐼𝑇 ≅ ∠𝑁𝐼𝑇 3. Right angles are congruent.
4. 𝑇𝐺 ≅ 𝑇𝑁. 4. Radii of the same circle are congruent.
5. 𝑇𝐼 ≅ 𝑇𝐼 . 5. Reflexive or Identity Property.
6. ∆𝐺𝐼𝑇 ≅ ∆𝑁𝐼𝑇. 6. Hypothenose − Leg Theorem.
7. 𝐺𝐼 ≅ 𝑁𝐼. 7. Corresponding Parts of congruent
triangles are congruent (CPCTC)
Statement Reasons
8. ∆𝑁𝑇𝐼 and ∆𝑁𝑇𝐸 are the 8. T, I, and E are collinear.
same angles. ∆𝐺𝑇𝐼 and
∆𝐺𝑇𝐸 are the same angles.
9. 𝑚∠𝐺𝑇𝐸 = 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 9. Definition of congruent angles.
10. 𝑚 𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚∠𝐺𝑇𝐸 and 10. The degree measure of a minor arc.
𝑚 𝐸𝑁 = 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸
11. 𝑚 𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚 𝐸𝑁 11. By substitution.
12. 𝐸𝐺 ≅ 𝐸𝑁 12. Definition of congruent arcs.
Use the diagram of ⨀𝐽 to answer the problem.
If the diameter GH is 20 inches long and chord KM is 16 inches
long, what must be the length of JL?
𝑮 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Find 𝐽𝐾.
1
𝑚 𝐽𝐾 = 𝑚 𝐽𝐻 = 𝑚 𝐺𝐻
2
𝟐𝟎 𝒊𝒏
𝑱
1
𝑚 𝐽𝐾 = 𝑚 𝐽𝐻 = 20 𝑖𝑛
𝑳
2
𝑲 𝑴
𝟏𝟔 𝒊𝒏 𝑚 𝐽𝐾 = 𝑚 𝐽𝐻 = 10 𝑖𝑛
𝑯
Find 𝐾𝐿.
1
𝑚 𝐾𝐿 = 𝑚 𝐾𝑀
2
𝟐𝟎 𝒊𝒏
𝑱
1
𝑚 𝐾𝐿 = 16 𝑖𝑛
𝑳
2
𝑲 𝑴
𝟏𝟔 𝒊𝒏 𝑚 𝐾𝐿 = 8 𝑖𝑛
𝑯
ഥ
Find 𝐽𝐿.
𝑚 𝐽𝐿 = 𝑚 𝐽𝐾 2 − 𝑚 𝐾𝐿 2
𝟐𝟎 𝒊𝒏
𝑱 𝑚 𝐽𝐿 = 10 2 − 8 2
𝑚 𝐽𝐿 = 100 − 64
𝑳
𝑲 𝑴 𝑚 𝐽𝐿 = 36
𝟏𝟔 𝒊𝒏
𝑚 𝐽𝐿 = 6 𝑖𝑛
𝑯
ACTIVITY 4.16: MEASURE MY CHORD
Use the diagram of ⨀𝑅 to answer the problem.
In ⊙ 𝑅, find 𝑚 𝑇𝑉.
Find 𝑅𝑇.
𝑻
𝑚 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑚 𝑈𝑅 = 𝑚 𝑈𝑆 + 𝑚 𝑆𝑅
𝟐 𝑺 𝟑 𝑚 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑚 𝑈𝑅 = 2 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 + 3 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑼 𝑹
𝑚 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑚 𝑈𝑅 = 5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑚 𝑅𝑇 = 5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑽
Find 𝑇𝑆.
𝑻
𝑚 𝑇𝑆 = 𝑚 𝑅𝑇 2 − 𝑚 𝑆𝑅 2
𝟐 𝑺 𝟑 𝑚 𝑇𝑆 = 5 2 − 3 2
𝑼 𝑹
𝑚 𝑇𝑆 = 25 − 9
𝑚 𝑇𝑆 = 16
𝑽
𝑚 𝑇𝑆 = 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
Find 𝑇𝑉.
𝑻
𝑚 𝑇𝑉 = 2 𝑚 𝑇𝑆
𝑚 𝑇𝑉 = 2 4
𝑼 𝟐 𝑺 𝟑 𝑹
𝑚 𝑇𝑉 = 8 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑽
Supply the two-column proof to prove the theorem.
Statement Reasons
1. 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter of ⨀𝑇 1. Given
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑆 ⊥ 𝐺𝑁 at I.
2. ∠𝐺𝐼𝑈 and ∠𝑁𝐼𝑈 are right∠ . 2. Definition of perpendicular lines.
3. ∠𝐺𝐼𝑈 ≅ ∠𝑁𝐼𝑈 3. Right angles are congruent.
4. 𝑈𝐺 ≅ 𝑈𝑁. 4. Radii of the same circle are congruent.
5. 𝑈𝐼 ≅ 𝑈𝐼 . 5. Reflexive or Identity Property.
6. ∆𝐺𝐼𝑈 ≅ ∆𝑁𝐼𝑈. 6. Hypothenose − Leg Theorem.
7. 𝐺𝐼 ≅ 𝑁𝐼. 7. Corresponding Parts of congruent
triangles are congruent (CPCTC)
Statement Reasons
8. ∆𝑁𝑇𝐼 and ∆𝑁𝑇𝐸 are the 8. U, I, and E are collinear.
same angles. ∆𝑁𝑇𝐼 and
∆𝑁𝑇𝐸 are the same angles.
9. 𝑚∠𝐺𝑇𝐸 = 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 9. Definition of congruent angles.
10. 𝑚 𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚∠𝐺𝑇𝐸 and 10. The degree measure of a minor arc.
𝑚 𝐸𝑁 = 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸
11. 𝑚 𝐸𝐺 = 𝑚 𝐸𝑁 11. By substitution.
12. 𝐸𝐺 ≅ 𝑚 𝐸𝑁 12. Definition of congruent arcs.
Use the diagram of ⨀𝑂 to answer the problem.
In ⊙ 𝑂, find 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 if 𝑚 𝑁𝑂 = 15 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 and 𝑚 𝐸𝑆 = 6 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠.
𝑹 Find 𝑂𝑅.
𝑬
𝑚 𝑂𝑅 = 𝑚 𝑂𝑁
𝑺
𝑚 𝑂𝑅 = 15 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑷 𝑶 Find 𝑆𝑂.
𝑚 𝑆𝑂 = 𝑚 𝐸𝑂 − 𝑚 𝐸𝑆
𝑵 𝑚 𝑆𝑂 = 15 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 − 6 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑚 𝑆𝑂 = 9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑹 Find 𝑆𝑅.
𝑬
𝑚 𝑆𝑅 = 𝑚 𝑂𝑅 2 − 𝑚 𝑆𝑂 2
𝑺
𝑚 𝑆𝑅 = 15 2 − 9 2
𝑷 𝑶
𝑚 𝑆𝑅 = 225 − 81
𝑵 𝑚 𝑆𝑅 = 144
𝑚 𝑆𝑅 = 12 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑹 Find 𝑃𝑅.
𝑬
𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 2 𝑚 𝑆𝑅
𝑺 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 2 12 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑷 𝑶
𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 24 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑵
ACTIVITY 4.17: LOOK AT THE DIFFERENCE
Observe the diagrams and answer each question that follows.
𝑳 𝑻 𝑷
𝑼
𝑨
𝑷 𝑶 𝑪 𝑻
1. What do you call the angles being illustrated?

− Inscibed angles
𝑳 𝑻 𝑷
𝑼
𝑨
𝑷 𝑶 𝑪 𝑻
2. Name each inscribe angle and its intercepted arc.

− ∠𝐿𝐴𝑃, 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝐿𝑃; ∠𝑇𝑂𝑃, 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑇𝑃;
∠𝐶𝑈𝑇, 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝐶𝑇
𝑳 𝑻 𝑷
𝑼
𝑨
𝑷 𝑶 𝑪 𝑻
3. Determine the location of the center with regrads to each

incribed angle.− In ∠𝐿𝐴𝑃, 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒.
− In ∠𝑇𝑂𝑃, 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒.
− In ∠𝐿𝐴𝑃, 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒.
THEOREMS ON INSCRIBED ANGLES AND ARCS
Theorem 4.
If an angle is inscribed in a circle, then the measure of the
angle equals one-half the degree measure of its intercepted
arc (or the degree measure of the intercepted arc is twice the
measure of the inscribed angle.
𝑳
𝟏 𝒙
𝑨 𝒙
𝟐
𝑷
ACTIVITY 4.18: PROVE ME 4.0 CASE 1
Given: ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 is inscribed in ⨀𝑆 and 𝑃𝑄 is a diameter.
1
Prove: ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 2𝑚 𝑃𝑅
Draw 𝑅𝑆 and let 𝑚∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 𝑥.
Statement Reasons
1. ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 is inscribed in ⨀𝑆 1. Given
and 𝑃𝑄 is a diameter.
2. 𝑆𝑄 ≅ 𝑆𝑅. 2. Radii of the same circle are congruent.
3. ∆𝑄𝑅𝑆 is an isosceles ∆. 3. Definition of an isosceles triangle.
4. ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 ≅ ∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 4. The base angles of an isosceles triangles
are congruent.
5. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 𝑚∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 5. Congruent angles have equal measure.
6. 𝑚∠𝑄𝑅𝑆 = 𝑥 6. Transitive Property.
Given: ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 is inscribed in ⨀𝑆 and 𝑃𝑄 is a diameter.
Prove: 𝑚∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 2𝑚 𝑃𝑅 Draw 𝑅𝑆 and let 𝑚∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 𝑥.
1
Statement Reasons
7. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑆𝑅 = 2𝑥 7. The measure of the exterior angle of a
triangle is equal to the sum of the
measures of its remote interior angles.
8. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑆𝑅 = 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 8. The measure of a central angle is equal to
the degree measrue of its intercepted arc.
9. 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 2𝑥 9. Transitive Property.
10. 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 2 𝑚 ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 10. By substitution.
1
11. 2𝑚 𝑃𝑅 = 𝑚 ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 11. Multiplication Property of Equality
1
12. 𝑚 ∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 2 𝑚 𝑃𝑅 12. Symmetric Property
Given: ∠𝐾𝐿𝑀 is inscribed in ⨀𝑂.
1
Prove: 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑀 = 2𝑚 𝐾𝑀 Draw diameter 𝐿𝑁.
Statement Reasons
1
1. 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑁 = 𝑚 𝐾𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1. The measure of an inscribed angle is
2
1
𝑚∠𝑁𝐿𝑀 = 𝑚 𝑁𝑀 one − half the degree measure of its
2
intercepted arc (CASE 1).
2. 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑁 + 𝑚∠𝑁𝐿𝑀 = 2. Addition Property
1 1
2
𝑚 𝐾𝑁 + 2𝑚 𝑁𝑀 or
1
2
𝑚 𝐾𝑁 + 𝑚 𝑁𝑀
3. 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑁 + 𝑚∠𝑁𝐿𝑀 = 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑀 3. Angle Addition Postulate
4. 𝑚 𝐾𝑁 + 𝑚 𝑁𝑀 = 𝑚 𝐾𝑀 4. Arc Addition Postulate
1
5. 𝑚∠𝐾𝐿𝑀 = 2𝑚 𝐾𝑀 5. By substitution.
EVALUATION 4.7: PROVE ME 4.0 CASE 3
Given: ∠𝑆𝑀𝐶 is inscribed in ⨀𝐴.
1
Prove: 𝑚∠𝑆𝑀𝐶 = 2𝑚 𝑆𝐶 Draw diameter 𝑀𝑃.
Statement Reasons
1
1. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝑆 = 2𝑚 𝑃𝑆 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1. The measure of an inscribed angle is
1 one-half the degree measure of its
𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝐶 = 2𝑚 𝑃𝐶
intercepted arc (CASE 1).
2. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝑆 + 𝑚∠𝑆𝑀𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝐶 2. Angle Addition Postulate
or 𝑚∠𝑆𝑀𝐶 = 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝐶 − 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝑆
3. 𝑚 𝑃𝑆 + 𝑚 𝑆𝐶 = 𝑚 𝑃𝐶 or 3. Arc Addition Postulate
𝑚 𝑆𝐶 = 𝑚 𝑃𝐶 − 𝑚 𝑃𝑆
4. 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝐶 − 𝑚∠𝑃𝑀𝑆 = 4. By subtraction.
1
2
𝑚 𝑃𝐶 − 𝑚 𝑃𝑆
1
5. 𝑚∠𝑆𝑀𝐶 = 𝑚 𝑆𝐶 5. By substitution.
2
Theorem 5.
If two inscribed angles of a circle (or congruent circles)
intercept the same arc (or congruent arcs), then the angles
are congruent.
𝑷
𝑶
𝑨
𝑰
𝑳
ACTIVITY 4.20: WHICH PAIR ARE CONGRUENT
Using the Theorem 5:If two inscribed angles of a circle (or
congruent circles) intercept the same arc (or congruent arcs),
then the angles are congruent, tell whether each of the
following are congruent or not.
1. ∠𝐿𝐴𝑃 and ∠𝐿𝑇𝑃 2. ∠𝑃𝐴𝑇 and ∠𝐵𝐴𝑇 3. ∠SUN and ∠𝑅𝐴𝑌

−congruent − not congruent − not congruent
Given: 𝑀𝑇and 𝐴𝐶 are chords of ⨀𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝑇.
Prove: ∆𝐶𝐻𝑀 ≅ ∆𝑇𝐻𝐴
Statement Reasons
1. 𝑀𝑇and 𝐴𝐶 are chords of 1. Given
⨀𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝑇.
2. ∠𝑀𝐶𝐴, ∠𝑀𝑇𝐴, ∠𝐶𝑀𝑇 and 2. Definition of inscribed angles.
∠𝐶𝐴𝑇 are inscribed angles.
3. ∠𝑀𝐶𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑀𝑇𝐴 and 3. Inscribed angles intercepting the same
∠𝐶𝑀𝑇 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐴𝑇 arc are congruent.
4. ∆𝐶𝐻𝑀 ≅ ∆𝑇𝐻𝐴 4. ASA Congruence Postulate
are congruent.
ACTIVITY 4.22: HALF, EQUAL OR TWICE AS?
In ⨀𝑁, 𝐴𝐵, 𝐵𝐶, 𝐶𝐷, 𝐵𝐷 and 𝐴𝐶 are chords. Use the figure to
answer the following questions.
𝑫
1. Which inscribed angles are congruent?
∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐴𝐶𝐷; , ∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶
2. If 𝑚∠𝐶𝐵𝐷 = 54°, then what is the
measure of 𝐶𝐷? 108°
𝑭 3. If 𝑚 𝐴𝐵 = 96°, then what is the
𝑨
measure of∠𝐴𝐶𝐵? 48°
𝑬
4. If 𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 5𝑥 + 3° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐷
𝑪
= 4𝑥 + 10°, find:
a. the value of x = 7°
𝑩
b. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 38°
c. m 𝐴𝐷 = 76°
EVALUATION 4.8: APPLY THEOREM 5
In ⨀𝑁, 𝐴𝐵, 𝐴𝐶, 𝐴𝐷, 𝐵𝐷 and 𝐵𝐶 are chords. Use the figure to
answer the following questions.
1. Which inscribed angles are congruent?
𝑫
∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐷𝐵𝐶; , ∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐴𝐶𝐵
2. If 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝐶 = 60°, then what is the
measure of 𝐷𝐶? 120°
𝑭
3. If 𝑚 𝐴𝐵 = 90°, then what is the
𝑨
measure of∠𝐴𝐶𝐵? 45°
𝑬
4. If 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 3𝑥 + 9° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐴𝐶𝐵
𝑪
= 2𝑥 + 20°, find:
a. the value of x = 11°
𝑩
b. 𝑚∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 42°
c. m 𝐴𝐵 = 84°
ACTIVITY 4.23: INSCRIBED ANGLE IN A SEMICIRCLE
of the circle as O.
𝑶
2. Use a ruler to draw a diameter. Mark and label the
endpoints as N and E.
𝑬
3. In each semicircle formed, plot two points, S and T.
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
4. Draw two segments connecting point T to the endpoints of
the diameter. Draw another two segments connecting
point S the endpoints of the diameter.
𝑵
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
5. What kind of angles are ∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 and ∠𝑁𝑆𝐸?
Both are inscribed angles
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
6. What kind of arcs are intercepted by ∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 and ∠𝑁𝑆𝐸?
Both are semicircles
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
7. Using the relationship between inscribed angles of a circle
and their intercepted arcs, what are the measures of
∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 and ∠𝑁𝑆𝐸? Both angles measures 90°.
𝑵
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
Theorem 6.
If an inscribed angle of a circle intercepts a semicircle,
then the angle is a right angle.
𝑺
𝑶
𝑻
𝑬
Given: 𝐼𝑛 ⨀𝑂, ∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 intercepts semicircle 𝑁𝑆𝐸.
Prove:∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 is a right angle.
Statement Reasons
1. ∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 intercepts 1. Given
semicircle 𝑁𝑆𝐸
2. 𝑚 𝑁𝑆𝐸 = 180° 2. The degree measure of a semicircle is 180.
3. 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 = 1
𝑚 𝑁𝑆𝐸 3. The measure of an nscribed angle is one
2
−half the measure of its intercepted arc.
1
4. 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 = 180°
2 4. Substitution
or 𝑚∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 = 90°
5. ∠𝑁𝑇𝐸 is a right angle. 5. Definition of a right angle.
𝐷𝑅 is a diameter of ⨀𝑂. 𝐼𝑓 𝑚 𝑀𝑅 = 70°, find:
1. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐷𝑅 = 35°
𝑴 70°
𝑹 2. 𝑚 𝐷𝑀 = 110°
𝑶
3. 𝑚∠𝑀𝑅𝐷 = 55°
4. 𝑚 𝑅𝐷 = 180°
𝑫
5. 𝑚∠𝐷𝑀𝑅 = 90°
𝑂𝑃 is a diameter of ⨀𝐴. 𝐼𝑓 𝑚∠𝑇𝑃𝑂 = 33°, find:
1. 𝑚 𝑇𝑂 = 66°
𝑶
2. 𝑚 𝑇𝑃 = 114°
𝑨
3. 𝑚∠𝑇𝑂𝑃 = 57°
𝑻 4. 𝑚∠𝑂𝑇𝑃 = 90°
33°
𝑷
5. 𝑚 𝑇𝑂𝑃 = 246°
THEOREMS ON QUADRILATERAL INSCRIBED IN A CIRCLE
Theorem 7.
If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a circle, then its opposite
angles are supplementary.
𝑹
𝑴
𝑻
𝑬
𝑨
Given: Quadrilateral WIND is inscribed in ⨀𝑀.
Prove:1. ∠𝑊 𝑎𝑛𝑑∠N are supplementary.
2. ∠𝐼 𝑎𝑛𝑑∠D are supplementary.
Statement Reasons
1. ∠𝑊𝑌𝐼 + ∠𝐼𝑌𝑁 + ∠𝑁𝑌𝐷 + 1. The sum of the measures of the central
∠𝐷𝑌𝑊 = 360° angles of a circle is 360°
2. 𝑚∠𝑊𝑌𝐼 = 𝑚 𝑊𝐼, 𝑚∠𝐼𝑌𝑁 = 2. The measure of a central angle is equal to
𝑚 𝐼𝑁, 𝑚∠𝑁𝑌𝐷 = 𝑚 𝑁𝐷, the degree measure of its intercepted arc.
𝑚∠𝐷𝑌𝑊 = 𝑚 𝐷𝑊
3. 𝑚 𝑊𝐼 + 𝑚 𝐼𝑁 + 𝑚 𝑁𝐷 3. Substitution
+ 𝑚 𝐷𝑊 = 360°
4. 𝑚 𝐷𝑁𝐼 + 𝑚 𝐷𝑊𝐼 = 360° 4. Arc Addition Postulate
Statement Reasons
1
5. 𝑚∠𝐷𝑊𝐼 = 2𝑚 𝐷𝑁𝐼 and 5. The measure of an inscribed angle is one
1
𝑚∠𝐷𝑁𝐼 = 2𝑚 𝐷𝑊𝐼 −half the measure of its intercepted arc.
6. 𝑚∠𝐷𝑊𝐼 + 𝑚∠𝐷𝑁𝐼 6. By Addition
1 1
= 2𝑚 𝐷𝑁𝐼 + 2𝑚 𝐷𝑊𝐼
1
or 2(𝑚 𝐷𝑁𝐼 + 𝑚 𝐷𝑊𝐼)
7. 𝑚∠𝐷𝑊𝐼 + 𝑚∠𝐷𝑁𝐼 7. Substitution
1
= 2 360° or 𝑚∠𝐷𝑊𝐼 +
𝑚∠𝐷𝑁𝐼 = 180°
Statement Reasons
8. ∠𝑊 and ∠𝑁 are 8. Definition of supplementary angles.
supplementary.
9. 𝑚∠𝑊 + 𝑚∠𝐼 + 𝑚∠𝑁 9. The sum of the measures of the angles
+𝑚∠𝐷 = 360° of a quadrilateral is 360°
10. 𝑚∠𝐼 + 𝑚∠𝐷 + 180° = 360° 10. Substitution
11. 𝑚∠𝐼 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 180° 11. Addition property
12. ∠𝐼 and ∠𝐷 are 12. Definition of supplementary angles.
supplementary.
Quadrilateral 𝐹𝐴𝐼𝑇 is inscribed in ⨀𝐻. 𝐼𝑓 𝑚∠𝐴𝐹𝑇
= 75°, 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚∠𝐹𝑇𝐼 = 98°, find:
𝑭 1. 𝑚∠𝑇𝐼𝐴 = 180° − 𝑚∠𝑇𝐹𝐴

75° = 180° − 75°
𝑨
82° = 105°
𝑯
2. 𝑚∠𝐹𝐴𝐼 = 180° − 𝑚∠𝐹𝑇𝐼
98°
𝑻 105°
= 180° − 98°
= 82°
𝑰
Quadrilateral 𝐿𝑂𝑉𝐸 is inscribed in ⨀𝑈. 𝐼𝑓 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑉
= 132°, 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸 = 108°, find:
𝑶
1. 𝑚∠𝐿𝐸𝑉 = 180° − 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑉
𝑳 132°
72° = 180° − 132°
𝑽
108° = 48°
𝑼
2. 𝑚∠𝑂𝐿𝐸 = 180° − 𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸
48° = 180° − 108°
= 72°
𝑬
GET READY
FOR QUIZ 4

Relationships and Theorems Among Chords Arcs Central Angles and Inscribed Angles 2

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Relationships and Theorems Among Chords Arcs Central Angles and Inscribed Angles 2

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CHORDS, ARCS,

CENTRAL ANGLES AND

Semicircle It is an arc measuring one-half of the

Minor It is an arc of a circle that measures less than a

Major It is an arc of a circle that measures greater than

Central It is an angle whose vertex is at the center of the

Inscribed It is an angle whose vertex is on the circle and

∠𝑫𝑨𝑬 𝟗𝟎° 𝑫𝑬 𝟗𝟎°

∠𝑯𝑮𝑰 𝟓𝟎° 𝑯𝑰 𝟓𝟎° 𝟔𝟎° 𝟓𝟎°

∠𝑰𝑮𝑱 𝟗𝟎° 𝑰𝑱 𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎° 𝟗𝟎°

𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for a:

𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for b:

𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for c:

𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for d:

𝟏𝟎𝟖° Solve for e:

find 𝑚 𝑇𝑌 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐴𝑌 = 𝟏𝟕𝟎° find 𝑚∠𝑇𝐴𝑌 = 𝟔𝟎°

1. Use a compass to draw a circle. Draw another circle with

3. Draw a segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑇 and label

4. Use a ruler to measure the length of 𝐴𝐵.

5. Draw another segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑇 with

6. Draw another segment connecting two points on ⨀𝑁 with

In ⨀𝑇, 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐻. Since the two chords are congruent,

If ⨀𝑇 ≅ ⨀𝑁 and 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐻 ≅ 𝑂𝐸, then AB ≅ 𝐶𝐻 ≅ 𝑂𝐸 .

Because 𝐹𝐺 and 𝐽𝐾 are congruent chords in congruent circles,

1. Use a compass to draw a circle. Mark and label the center

2. Use a ruler to draw a chord. Label the two endpoints as G

3. Measure the length of the chord and divide it into two.

4. Draw a segment connecting the midpoint of the chord,

5. Using a protractor, measure ∠𝐺𝐼𝑆, ∠𝑁𝐼𝑆, ∠𝐺𝐼𝐸, and ∠𝑁𝐼𝐸.

6. What kind of angles are formed in the diagram?

7. What is the relationship between the diameter and the

7. What does the diameter do to the chord in the diagram?

In ⊙ 𝑇 on the right, 𝐸𝑆 is a diameter and 𝐺𝑁 is a chord.

1. What do you call the angles being illustrated?

2. Name each inscribe angle and its intercepted arc.

3. Determine the location of the center with regrads to each

1. ∠𝐿𝐴𝑃 and ∠𝐿𝑇𝑃 2. ∠𝑃𝐴𝑇 and ∠𝐵𝐴𝑇 3. ∠SUN and ∠𝑅𝐴𝑌

𝑭 1. 𝑚∠𝑇𝐼𝐴 = 180° − 𝑚∠𝑇𝐹𝐴

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