2022 SADC SECONDARY SCHOOL ESSAY

COMPETITION

NAME: BEEDESSEE AVENA

GRADE : 12 M
SCHOOL: MANILAL DOCTOR STATE SECONDARY SCHOOL – LALLMATIE

WORD COUNT :

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 TABLE OF CONTENT
MAIN TOPIC :”HOW CAN SADC BOOST PRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES
IN THE FACE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC? “

MARKING GUIDELINES :
1. From your understanding, how did Covid-19 spread so fast and how is it different from other
pandemics that you have witnessed in the past, and what measures were put in place to contain its
spread and mitigate its impact. ( 240 words, 20 points)

2. Discuss in length the effects and impacts of Covid-19 pandemic in different sectors of the economy,
(e.g mining, tourism, manufacturing, agriculture, health, migration, cross border movement of goods
and trade) and state the measures needed to support these sectors.

3. How is bolstering productive capacities an effective measure to mitigate the effects of Covid-19
pandemic, particularly, for the region to continue growing its economy, to support inclusive,
sustainable, and industrial transformation.

4. Discuss the long term solutions and interventions which can be used as a benchmark in dealing with
future threats and outbreaks similar to the Covid-19 pandemic?

5. Discuss the lessons you learnt through the period of the Covid-19 pandemic taking into consideration
challenges and successes that were experienced.
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Acknowledgement

I would like to thank my Economics educator Mrs Ramgulam Snehlata and my General Paper educator Mr A.
Ramdoss who have guided me in writing this essay.

Special thanks to SADC for organizing this competition and giving us the opportunity to participate. I would
also like to thank my parents and my friend Meetooa Meenakshi who always supported and encouraged me.
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1. From your understanding, how did Covid-19 spread so fast and how is it different from other
pandemics that you have witnessed in the past and what measures were put in place to contain its
spread mitigate its impacts?
Covid-19 can last for a longer period of time. For instance, when a person gets access to the infected economic
consumption and he touches his eyes, nose or mouth which directly affects his lungs and gradually it disturbs
his respiratory system. In fact, one infected person can badly influence too many uninfected persons by not
keeping social distancing, not wearing mask, not abiding to sanitary actions like washing hands and using hand
sanitizers. Cholera was detected in 1817 – 1824. Many human beings were affected by quaffing water or
consuming infected food stuffs with Cholera bacteria. Moreover, the infection escalated in many zones due to
insufficient care of waste water. It is different from Covid-19 as Cholera is caused by unfavorable refreshments
and ailments. Furthermore, there was a Yellow Fever which was found in Africa on 1793. Additionally, it was
an aliment raised by Adès Aegypti mosquito and the symptoms of the Yellow Fever were : Yellow eyes or skin
and dark urine. The measures taken to avoid the spread of Cholera were: people were advised to drink
carbonate water as it has been purified, consume home-made food, keep urinal place hygienic. The solutions
of Yellow Fever were : using fly spray, wore long clothes and be inoculated.

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2. Discuss in length the effects and impacts of Covid-19 pandemic in different sectors of the economy
(e.g mining, tourism, manufacturing, agriculture, health and migration, cross border movement of
goods and trade) and state the measures needed to support these sectors.
With Covid-19 every country has faced global recession. In Zambia the consequences of Covid-19 made the
price of mineral increase which have caused demand and supply shift to the left. In Mauritius, for
manufacturing textile sector have declined by 33% which cause less export and manufacturing raw
material’s prices have been increased. The outcome of Covid-19 in Mauritius tourism GDP has dropped by
1.5% to Rd 63.1 billion. Thus, people have faced cyclical and structural unemployment as some firms lays-
off workers to reduce cost of production. In Zimbabwe, they faced economic difficulties, run away inflation
in nourishment and for consecutive dry years in agricultural sector. In South Africa as there were less
provision for health services. This increase mental and mortality rate. Zambia ameliorate it’s current
account and trade surplus of mining which indicates a rise in GDP Government of Mauritius has subsidised
to local firms by giving WAS, SEAS and increased supply side policy. Tanzania aids local payments and VAT
repay. South Africa’s Zimbabwe’s government used the recompense pay in DSSI to invest in health care
equipment. Zimbabwe’s government has supported agricultural sector by providing supply side
policy :research and development, training, buy land for people and animal specialists. UNCTAD prepared
women dealer with the knowledge and entrepreneurial expertise they required to help them to overcome
their dilemma.

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3. How is bolstering productive capacities an effective measure to mitigate the effects of Covid-19
pandemic, particularly, for a region to continue growing its economy, to support inclusive,
sustainable, and industrial transformation.

Angola provide fiscal inducements and fund industries concerned the sustainable Cookstoves. They
select zones where non renewable resources are limited and expensive. They used animal dungs for
heat energy. They provide technical techniques to adjust with Cookstoves. They used biomass to make
energy. Zimbabwe has a huge investment on sustainable energy resources. Botswana encourages
green growth to boost production of renewable resources and they promote solar energy. Lesotho has
used techniques to boost productive capacity in a sustainable and industrial transformation by
evaluating biomass, evolution of natural resources systems and the structure of water drainage. They
innovate polarimetry using satellite footage to keep track of natural resources and agricultural
performance. Malawi utilities renewable resources and protects its forest. As it provides soil and water
for plantation or house chores. Forestry resources gives employment and revenue to the local people.
It gives sources like honey, mushrooms, meat or fruits and this will able Malawi to export its goods.
They attract farmer’s investment by giving them discounts. Firms produce sustainable charcoal.

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4. Discuss the long term solutions and interventions which can be used as a benchmark in dealing with
future threats and outbreaks similar to the Covid-19 pandemic?

Angola can reserve its energy for the future generations, they may use renewable resources without
causing harm to the population such as solar radiation, wind generation or hydro electric power as this
solution does not go beyond SADC ‘s aims. Nambia can shield aquatic, bring ecological balance of the
oceans from tainting, intensify safeguarding, marine resources and while protecting government can
subsidise the fishmen. South Africa’s government can use monetary policy by increasing interest rates
in the present this will raise savings and reduce borrowing and in case if there is inflation in the future
the consumer and the producer may use their savings to buy economic consumption. Thus, it may
increase AD and AS. The government can appreciate its currency as it will raise export revenue which
cause trade surplus in the future he may use it as subsidise or transfer payments. Additionally, he can
but stock of goods when the prices are low and sell them when there is a shortage of goods known as
buffer stock scheme. All SADC ‘s countries should use supply side policy to provide training to let the
unemployed people to be employable and in case of other outbreaks they may not face absolute
poverty but still can satisfy their basic needs and wants. By subsidising producers and consumers they
may gain producers surplus and consumers surplus. Producers will not lay off workers and consumers
will have an effective demand. They must use fiscal policy by increasing progressive taxes to
redistribute income and decrease government expenditure.

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5. Discuss the lessons you learnt through the period of the Covid-19 pandemic taking into consideration
challenges and successes that were experienced.

Economy can face onerous situations, but external stakeholders like government he must know how to
undertake and allocate resources without problem of scarcity. In Mauritius there were a lot of people
who have been tested positive the government has taken an immediate action to dwindle the rate of
Covid-19 by introducing sanitary measures and wage assistance scheme programs. This steps reveals
“Leadership is not a position or a title, it is action and examples “said by Cory Booker during Covid-19
pandemic there was a decrease in the employment rate, blessed to those who have seized the
opportunity to spend quality time with their loved ones and partners have improved their stabilisation
of adult personalities. Human have started to invest in agriculture by planting vegetables as prices of
imported vegetables were costly. There was economic crisis which make country ‘s trade and current
account faced deficit. People with effective demand have been able to satisfy their basic needs and
wants. They were a movement in Aggregate Demand Curve which cause general price level to increase
and quantity demanded decreased because domestic producers are profits motivators and there were
less imports of goods and services. During lock down there were less injections and leakages from the
circular flow of income and spending. Most government faced budget deficit as there were standing on
unemployment benefits, wage assistance scheme programs. The effects of Covid-19 have changed
economic factors like price levels, employment, balance of payments and the global competitiveness
have fallen.

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Full name : Beedessee Avena

Grade :12 M

School name and address of school: Manilal

Doctor State Secondary School – Lallmatie

Signature :