KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA (AFS)

UTTARLAI, BARMER(RAJ.)

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
(CHEMISTRY)
Topic: Elevation in boiling Point
Submitted By:- Jai Prakash
Class:-XII ‘A’
Roll No.:-12115
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Jai Prakash of
Class XII ‘A’,
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA (AFS) UTTARLAI,
Has successfully completed the project on the
topic “Elevation in boiling point” under
guidance of Salu Solanki Mam in session
2022-2023
Signature:-_______
Date:-__ __/__ __/__ __ __ __

Salu Solanki Mam

(Teacher)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Primarily I would thank god for being able to complete

this success. Then I would like to thank my chemistry
teacher Mr.Salu Solanki , whose valuable guidance has
been the ones that helped me patch this project and make
it full proof success his suggestions and his instructions
has served as the major contributor towards the
completion of the project.
Then I would like to thank my parents and friends who
have helped me with their valuable suggestions and
guidance has been helpful in various phases of the
completion of the project.
Last but not least I would like to thank my classmates who
have helped me a lot.
 CONTENTS
❖ Introduction
❖ Types of colligative properties
❖ Elevation in boiling point
❖ Experiment
• Aim
• Materials required
• Observation
• Result
• Discussion and sources for
error
❖ Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION
All the properties depend on the number of
solute particles irrespective of their nature
relative to the number of particles present in the
solution. Such properties are called Colligative
properties.
It means that two solutions having different
components, but same mole fraction of solute can
have identical colligative properties.
Types of colligative properties
1. Relative lowering in vapour pressure
2. Elevation in boiling point
3. Depression in freezing point
4. Osmotic pressure

Elevation in boiling Point

The temperature at which the vapour pressure of the
liquid becomes equal to the external pressure is called
the Boiling point.
The vapour pressure of the solution decreases upon
addition of nonvolatile solute, according to Raoult’s
law. Hence boiling point of the solution increases.
The increase in boiling point of a liquid when a
nonvolatile solute is added in it is called Boiling
point elevation.
The vapour pressure of a liquid increases with of
temperature. The boiling point of a solution is
always higher than that of the pure solvent in which
the solution is prepared. Similar, to the lowering of
vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point also
depends on the number of the solute molecules rather
than their nature.
 the boiling elevation, is defined as

It depends upon the number of moles of the added

non-volatile solute.
For dilute solutions, the elevation of boiling point
(Tb) is directly proportional to the molal
concentration of the solute in the solution.
 Experiment
AIM:- To study the effect of various solutes
on the elevation of boiling point.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
1. Bunsen Burner
2. Tripod Stand
3. Wire Mesh
4. 250ml Flask
5. Glass Stirrer
6. Beckmann’s Thermometer
7. Solutes Under Investigation
8. Tap Water
PROCEDURE:
1. Set up the apparatus using a 250ml beaker
containing 200ml of the experimental solution.
2. Put the beaker on the tripod stand with a wire
mesh and use the Bunsen burner to heat the
solution.
3. A celestial thermometer calibrated up to 110
degree Celsius is immersed in the solution in the
beaker with the help of a clamp stand.
4. The initial temperature taken before starting the
experiment was considered as the room temperature.
5. At first find the boiling point of the tap water.
This temperature is taken as the standard boiling
point of the solution.
6. Now, prepare three different concentrations of
Glucose and boil 250ml of each one by one in the
beaker.
7. Take the readings of the temperature after every
20 seconds.
8. After 90 seconds, take the readings after every 10
seconds in order to easily find out the concurrent
result.
OBSERVATION TABLE:
The boiling point of tap water as solvent is found to
be 99.3C Least count of thermometer: 0.1C
Table for elevation in boiling point:
RESULT:
On increasing the concentration, the boiling point of
glucose increases.
DISCUSSION AND SOURCES OF ERROR:
Due to non-availability of distilled water, tap water
was also used. Moreover, due to prolonged heating,
some of the solution evaporates bringing about a
change in the actual concentrations. So, it can be
suggested that increases in boiling point is dependent
only on the number of moles solute.
The difference between theoretical predictions and
experimentally found values can be attributed to
experimental errors as experiment was not conducted
in controlled laboratory conditions.
It is proved that when a non-volatile solute is added
to a volatile solvent, the boiling point of the solvent
increases. Also, this increase in boiling point is not
dependent on the nature of the solute but depends
only on the number of moles of the solute. Thus, this
elevation in boiling point is a colligative property.

Bibliography
➢Chemistry textbook for class XII, Part-1, NCERT
➢Chemistry Laboratory Manual for class XII, NCERT
➢www.wikipedia.org