CHAPTER III 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY  

This chapter presents the research design, population and locale of the study, research

instrument, data gathering procedure, and treatment of the data.  

  

Research Design 

The researchers used descriptive correlational design of research in this study. The

researchers employed correlational design to determine the relationship between the two

variables: sleeping hours and academic performance.  

  

Population and Locale of the Study  

The respondents of this study were the Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences

(HUMSS) students who are currently enrolled in Daniel Maramba National High School in the

school year 2022-2023. This study is permitted to be conducted at Daniel Maramba National

High School, Poblacion Norte, Sta. Barbara, Pangasinan. In selecting the respondents, the

researchers apply the Slovin's Formula.  

Slovin's Formula: 

N
n=
1+ N e  
2

where: 

N: total number of populations 

n: sample 

e: margin of error 
 A total of 192 HUMSS students were the respondents 

Research Instrument  

The researchers used survey questionnaires as their research instrument in gathering data

to be able to attain the relationship between sleeping hours and the academic performance of the

Humanities and Social Sciences students of Daniel Maramba National High School. The survey

is composed of different questions that will tackle their sleeping hours and academic

performance which requires responses on a four-point Likert Scale anchored with 4 - Always, 3 -

Frequently, 2 - Sometimes, and 1 - Never.  

Data Gathering Procedure 

The collection of data will be possible through gathering and analysis of data that will be

provided by the respondents, Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences Students of Daniel

Maramba National High School, who will accomplish the survey questionnaires which will be

given personally by the researchers.  

Prior to the distribution of the final copies of the survey questionnaires, a letter of request

to conduct the study will be submitted to the Humanities and Social Sciences subject group head,

DA Mohamad Emmanuel  Cacapit, Ph.D., Jeraldine B. Fernandez, assistant principal, Dr.

Kristine E. Tamayo, and the school principal, Dr. Olivia P. Terrado D.A This will be done to get

support and cooperation from higher authorities in the conduct of the study.  
Treatment of the data  

The data gathered from the respondents will be carefully analyzed and deliberated using

statistical tools to interpret the data.  

This study will use different statistical tools in order to interpret the data. Frequency and

percentage distribution will be employed to show the amount of data to a requested variable.

Average weighted mean is also one of the statistical tools that the researchers will use in this

study.  

In order to interpret the weighted mean obtained, the researchers came up with the

following to determine the answers of the respondents: 

(4) Scale value that has range of weighted mean of 3.26 - 4.00 will be interpreted as

always, (3) Scale value that has range of weighted mean of 2.51 — 3.25 will be interpreted as

frequently, the (2) Scale value that has range of weighted mean of 1.76 — 2.50 will be

interpreted as sometimes, and lastly the (l) Scale value that has range of weighted mean of I .00

— 1.75 will be interpreted as never.  

Figure 2: Likert Scale for the Determination of Relationship between Sleeping Hours and

Academic Performance of HUMSS Students. 

Scale  Range  Descriptive Interpretation 

4  3.26 - 4.00  Always 

3  2.51 - 3.25  Frequently 

2  1.76 - 2.50  Sometimes 

1  1.00 - 1.75  Never 

Average Weighted Mean Formula: 

Fx
X=
n

where:  

x: weighted mean 

f: frequency 

X: weight of each time 

n: number of cases 

Another statistical tool that the researchers will utilize is Pearson R Correlation

Coefficient. This will be used to determine the significant relationship between sleeping hours

and academic performance of Humanities and Social Sciences Students of Daniel Maramba

National High School.  

Pearson R Correlation Formula: 

( ∑ xy ) −(∑ x )( ∑ y)
r=
√¿ ¿ ¿

where: 

R = Pearson Coefficient 

N = number of the pairs of the scored 

∑xy = sum of products of the paired scores  

∑x = sum of the x scores 

∑y = sum of the y scores 

∑x2 = sum of the squared x scores 

∑y2 = sum of the squared y scores 

Pearson R Interpretation (Rumsey, 2016)  

Scale  Descriptive Interpretation 

-1.00  Perfect Negative Linear Relationship 

-0.70  Strong Negative Linear Relationship 

-0.50  Moderate Negative Linear Relationship 

-0.30  Weak Negative Linear Relationship 

-0.00  No Linear Relationship 

+0.30  Weak Positive Linear Relationship 

+0.50  Moderate Positive Linear Relationship 

+0.70  Strong Positive Linear Relationship 

+1.00  Perfect Positive Linear Relationship