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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

This study used descriptive-correlational design was be used in the study in as

much as it involved description, analysis, and interpretation on the assessment of the

spelling ability of the students who are using cellular phone integrated with their study.

The present investigation was concerned to the exposure of respondents to using social

media and their spelling ability.

Descriptive research is an activity involving collection of data in order to test the

hypothesis or to answer questions concerning the current status of the subjects under

study (Pacalna, 2017). Furthermore, descriptive method will be appropriately used in this

study since the researcher used questionnaire as the primary instrument in gathering the

needed data. This study was also correlational since it looked in to the possible

relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

3.2 Research Environment

This study will be conducted in Sultan Ali Dimaporo Memorial Integrated School

(SADMIS) at Bauyan, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. Sultan Naga Dimaporo
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is one of the municipalities of the province of Lanao del Norte. This municipality is in

between the two Region IX; Zamboanga Peninsula (west) and Bangsamoro Autonomous

Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) in the east. It is the last municipality of the

province near Western Mindanao. The municipality was formerly called as “Karomatan”,

and it was named after the late mayor Honorable Naga Dimaporo.

Sultan Ali Dimaporo Memorial Integrated School (SADMIS) is one of the

schools found in the municipality of Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte located at

Brgy. Bauyan, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte, Philippines. The school offers

complete education for elementary, Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School

(SHS). The school has a mixed status of learners, mainly Muslims and Christians. The

building of the schools are made of permanent one storey and two storey building and it

has computer laboratory, SMAW building, Science laboratory, School Canteen, and

library. The teachers are friendly, approachable, and heartily teach students. The school

adopted K-12 Curriculum. Although the school is located in rural area, but the

researchers are confident that they can gain valuable information for the better outcome

of their study.
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Figure 2. Map of the locale of the study.

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3.3 Respondents of the Study and

Sampling Techniques

The respondents of this study were the (115) randomly selected junior high school

students coming from the different grade level of school at Sultan Ali Dimaporo

Memorial Integrated School (SADMIS) who were officially enrolled for the School Year

2022-2023 in Bauyan, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. The respondents were

composed of Muslim and Christian students and were chosen through random sampling

technique. The researchers believed that they can helped and can gave accurate responses

to the questions given.

3.4 Research Instrument

The researchers used questionnaire to gather the data and information of the effect

of social media usage to respondents’ spelling ability. The questionnaire were divided

into three parts:

Part I: Profile of the respondents such as age, gender and parents’ occupation.

Part II: Number oh hours spent in social media and Most visit social platforms in

terms of Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok, Twitter and Youtube.

Part III: The effect of social media usage on the spelling ability of the

respondents.
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Scoring Guidelines

Spelling Ability

The following scoring guidelines were used on the respondents’ effect on social

media usage to the spelling ability.

Response Range Interval Weighted Verbal

Options Scale Interpretation

Strongly Agree 4.21- 5.00 5 Very good

Agree 3.41- 4.20 4 Good

Sometimes 2.61- 3.40 3 Satisfactory

Disagree 1.81- 2.60 2 Fair

Strongly Disagree 1.00- 1.80 1 Poor

The following scoring guidelines were used on the respondents spelling ability.

Response Range Positive Verbal Negative Verbal

Option Interval Item Interpretation Item Interpretation
Weighted Weighted
Scale Scale
Always 4.21- 5.00 5 Always 1 Never

Often 3.41- 4.20 4 Often 2 Seldom

Sometimes 2.61- 3.40 3 Sometimes 3 Sometimes

Seldom 1.81- 2.60 2 Seldom 4 Often

Never 1.00- 1.80 1 Never 5 Always

3.5 Data Gathering
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The researchers requested permission to conduct the study through a request letter

asking approval from the school principal in Sultan Ali Dimaporo Memorial Integrated

School (SADMIS) and the respondents.

After the approval of the request, the researchers were personally administered the

set of questionnaires to the respondents to their respective houses. The assistance of the

teachers requested in administering the instruments to ensure the full cooperation of the

respondents and observing the health protocols. Direction for answering the test explicitly

stated to guide the respondents in answering the test. The researchers ensure that all

instruments returned completely.

After the retrieval of the questionnaires, the researchers checked, classified,

tabulated, analyzed and processed the data according to the research design described in

this chapter using Microsoft excel and prepared for final presentation. The result

interpreted and find out the relationship of variables differ from each other, and which

showed significant relationship.

Sought letters for approval from the school principal

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Distributed the questionnaires

Retrieved of the questionnaires

The data were be tabulated analyzed and interpreted

Figure 3. The flow chart of data gathering procedures.

3.6 Data Analysis

The data gathered from the questionnaire were interpreted using descriptive

statistics such as frequency and percentage distribution, weighted mean, and chi-Square.

1. Frequency and/or Percentage Distribution. This tool was used to determine

the socio-demographic profile of the respondents.

Formula:

f
P= ×100
n

Where:
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P = percentage

f = frequency

n = total number of respondents

100 = Constant

2. Weighted Mean. This tool was used in computation of mean scores of the

effect of social media usage to the spelling ability of the students.

Formula:

Σfx
x=
∑f

Where:

x = Weighted Mean

∑ fx = Frequency of Responses

∑ f = Total Responses

3. Chi – Square. This tool was used to determine the relationship between the

independent variables and dependent variable.

Formula:
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2
x =Σ ¿¿

Where:

x 2= Chi- Square

Σ = Summation

fo = Observed Frequency

fe = Expected Frequency