CHAPTER 1

What motivated you to conduct this study?

- General view lang ang alam regarding sa understaffing.

- To go out on our comfort zone since most students are conducting the study RT the
student nurses and hindi nakakasama dito yung mga mismong nurses na or nasa
hospital setting
- COVID 19 ang nag push to conduct the study since we have seen the sacrifices of
nurses, so we want to explore what’s behind them, what are the different facets on the
job so that we, the researchers, have a better understanding of their attitudes towards
their work.
- Gusto naming maexplore yung situation in holistic view.
- Maimprove yung policy na maibigay sa kanila.

Can you give me figures or statistics that would be link to the phenomenon you want to
explore?

- RRL
- 1st RRL - Artificacion et al talking about nursing shortage (MUCH BETTER IF MAY
MAI-ADD ASIDE FROM THE 1ST RRL, I THINK BEST IS YUNG SA COVID 19 WHICH
IS NANGIBABAW YUNG PHENOMENON)

What are the main purpose of conducting the study?

***be careful in choice of words (wag magbigay sa panel ng chance to ask more)

***be direct answering question

- To explore the experiences of nurses in nursing understaffing and have an in-depth

study that would help us and/or eventually come up with an output or a framework
related to the responses of the participants in their experiences.

Wala pa ba kayo nakita? Baka mamaya may study na RT lived experiences of

understaffing and manpower shortage. Ano pa ang use kung itutuloy pa ang study na
ito? Sure ba kayo na ito ay phenomenon?

- Research Gap - allowed to be an answer

- Crisostomo 2020, despite may mga studies na nagcclaim na ang nurses in the Ph are
satisfied na with their job, however yung brain drain or turnover rate are still high and
increasing which is why manpower shortage is indeed still prevalent. With that reason,
we want to dig deeper kung ano ba talaga ang experiences ng mga nurses dito sa issue
ng understaffing. (***WAG MAGBANGGIT NG FACTOR. CLEAN SLATE - WALA TAYO
ALAM) (***we are curious about the experiences of the nurses, and we are curious sa
magiging result ng study the reason why we are conducting the study)
ANO YUNG CONTRIBUTIONS AND EFFECT NG STUDY SA NURSING SERVICE,
EDUCATION, AND RESEARCH?

What is your justification on choosing 9-15 participants?

- Hennick and Kaiser (2021) adequate range of participant is 9-15 and is recommended in
a phenomenological research para mameet ang data saturation. Until then, doon na
mag stop kung ilang number of participants.
- KEYWORD: DATA SATURATION

What is data saturation? Ano ang pagkakaintindi niyo?

- The data saturation is met, if the participants is repetitive and wala na nagegenerate na
new idea. Lahat ng mga sinasabi niya ay nasabi na ng previous na nainterview.
- Kapag kumuha ng participants, and we have notice that there are informational
redundancy or paulit ulit na ang data on the responses of the participant, this will serve
as our cue to stop.

What are the research gaps na nadetermine?

- Mostly sa mga studies na nakita natin with the same topic, maliit ang scope nila usually
they only conduct the study with only 2 hospitals (e.g. study of SAPAR & ODUCADO
2020) in Zamboanga. With that nagkakaroon ng generalization na doon sa specific na
lugar is ganito yung mga nangyayari. Sa study natin, we have a wider scope na hindi
lang nagfofocus sa public but also in the private settings that is why we chose tertiary
hospital. ++we are aiming to know more about them

2. SOS

- Nursing education- kay Macabasag & Ortiga (2020)

~ maiwasan yung pag sugar coat sa profession ng nursing. Na automatic lucrative ang
profession na it, hindi alam ng isang individual yung kakaharapin niya sa working.
Maybe na convince sila because of family or friends. Nursing is passion.

~ What kind of seminar

- Leadership (insert law regarding working policy if na meeet ba) —> workload
management (insert Law), nursing skills enhancement
- Resilience
- Invites Speaker (na naka experienced ng ng understaffing and legislators sa pag
demand ng tamang staffing)
 - Nursing Service- How can it directy affect the patients?

Assumptions

- Serve as hypothetical guess that comes from the RRL.

Hindi ba bias na ang kalalabasan dahil may in-assume na kayo?

- It will serve as a guide para mas maevaluate or to investigate further doon sa lived
experiences ng mga nurses. This assumptions also comes from the RRL so nagguide ito
kung paano hihimayin once na nag proceed na sa data collection.

How can you eliminate bias and preconceived judgments na meron kayo about the
phenomenon?

- 4 step process of phenomenological approach (Bracketing - eliminate perceptions;

Intuiting - focus sa mga experiences ng mga participants; Analyzing -
pagsasama-samahin ang data by creating a themes; Describing - interpretation and
iccomprehend yung meaning ng data na nacollect.)
- Bracketing Phase: Researchers will undergo reflective journal - an important tool for
researchers critiquing themselves by reflecting how the researchers will deal to the
limited data they will obtain during the data gathering procedure and believe that they
don’t have any knowldge about their study. Kumbaga cleansing, assure mo sa sarili mo
na di makakaapekto yung alam mo doon sa data na macocollect mo.

Paano ang process ng reflexivity process/ Reflexive journal?

- Link on teams (basahin)

Paano maeestablish ang credibility ng data?

- Collizi’s Method - kung saan binabalik or pinapakita ang result sa participant yung
naconduct na study and they will check if correct ba and align/match sa mga sinabi nila
yung naging interpretation ng data. (PARTICIPANT VALIDATION, KASAMA PATI YUNG
NA-TRANSCRIBE)

CHAPTER 2

What makes your study unique? - Research Gap

CHAPTER 3

1. Design (Bakit di mixed method - not feasible, in terms of time frame) - Phenomenological
method was utilized to be able to observe, describe and record parts of circumstances as it
normally or naturally happens and to serve as the initial point for the conclusion of the study.
This was an innovative tool in further understanding the causes and effects of the shortage of
nurses on the quality of care provided as the participants move and act under normal
environment.

Bakit descriptive method? What makes it better compared kay interpretive?

- Kasi may bracketing. It allows you to analyze facts and helps you in developing an in-depth
understanding of the research problem. It enables you to determine the behavior of people in
a natural setting.

Interpretive Method - walang reflective journal, walang reflexivity

2. Locale () Bakit public and private (part lang ng inclusion criteria only) yung locale at bakit
within metro manila.

- Pag within metro-manila mas makakuha tayo ng pertinent data dahil maraming tertiary
hospital dito. Inlude RRL about no. of tertiary hospital
- Isa pa naka-reside yung school ng feu sa metro-manila so if may problem na mag arise
sa paper espcially sa particpant ng study ay mas mabilis ma resolve.
- Given na rin na yung time frame ay 3 to 4 months lang. FEASIBLE AND ATTAINABLE

Participants of the Study

- Why 9 to 15 yung sample size. Ano need sa quali study para masabi na may pertinent
data na?

Pag nameet na yung data saturation by if we exclude already the informational

redundancy of the data obtained by the interviewers.

Data saturation - no new information added // to avoid information redundancy (Hennik &
Kaisser 2021)

At least 21 years old? Bakit?

This the average graduate age na maka working experience na kahit paano.

As supported by the official gazette of the philippine if it is the old curriculum or new

A 6 year old individual can start elementary already. So if calculated, it will derive the average
age of 19 years old. However if an individual started way earlier, he or she may be around 18
graduating. Given K12 is present the average of a graduate student is around the age 20-21 as
the earliest.

Diba mahalaga diyan ang years of experience? Bakit hindi niyo nilimit lang to 5 years and
above experience?
 - Hindi naman kasi issue ang level of proficiency ng nurse ang tinitingnan sa study na ito
because we are investigating on the lived experience. Hindi issue kasi we are not talking
about competency sa trabaho, we are wanting to know their experiences despite the
time they dedicate to their work.
- Principle of Justice
- Blank Slate. So bakit mo ililimit ang sarili mo to gather the data eh hindi lang naman ang
specific na age range na ito ang nakakaranas ng specific phenomenon.

4. . Data Gathering

- If pano
-

5. Sampling Technique

- Purposive

Why Collizi?

- Kasi gusto yung step 7 which is refer to the participants for validation, to establish
credibility and reliability.

6.Instrument

Why Semi-Structured Interview?

- Kasi tayomg mga researchers ang mag cocunduct ng interview

- Semi structure tayo thats kasi hindi tayo naka limit sa guide questions we are allowed to
add or mag follow up questions

If answerable by yes or no yung questions. Tapos we can test it by conducting a pilot study
approved by the ERC (??).

7. Data Gathering Procedure

Storage of Data- (Restriction of Access) (Locking of file)

Why use face to face interviews, if we are in the digital age now?

- mas makikita non verbal cues

- observational notes
- objective data

8. Trustworthiness of Qualitative data

https://online.queens.edu/resources/article/guide-to-qualitative-rigor-in-research/
 a. Credibility- through collaizi, yung pag transcribed ay naka based sa kung ano yung
responses
b. Validation
c. Confirmability - Assess- reassess ng data collection analysis. Kailangan congruent siya.
Hindi paulit-ulit.
d. Transferability - complete and precise yung maisshare na result.

Paano moobserve ang dependability?

- Consistent sa data na pinoprovide and hindi magjajump to one another yung mga
findings na mabubuo. Consistency hanggang sa makarating sa 4th phase ng study.
Align yung mga data mula una.

9. Ethical Considerations

Social Value

Informed consent - informed consent sample ipakita

~Risk

a) Psychological Risk -

Counseling

Provide resonses

~Benefits

~Safety

(Note: safety and risk is interconnected at some point)

Privacy and Confidentiality (insert yung sagot ni kat)

- Storing of data according sa article, sa virginia yung records can be retained for at least
3 years after the completion of the research hanggang 5 years.
 - Also tayo pwede naman na natin ma delete lahat ng infos ni respondents after ng study
natin ddelete siya sa dalwang devices na gagamitin natin which is phone and laptop.
- https://research.virginia.edu/irb-sbs/retention-research-records-and-destruction-data

Justice - we exclude to focus on basic attributes, as culture, language, religion, race, disability,
sexual orientation, ethnicity, linguistic proficiency, gender or age.

- i.e, protocol for participant (A)-, should be applied to all

Transparency

- Diclosing of discrepancy of the study if meron man, then yung actual results ay ipapakita
sa participants

3. 5. Guide question

6. How many will you determine for pilot testing?

Hindi na magiging real time/ accurate yung data pag kinuha yung same participant sa pilot study
sa mismong actual study.

What made you decide to pursue this study?

In terms of the research gap, what are the experiences that you can relate in the study? Or How
does the research gap relate to the researchers personal experiences?

What are the concrete (tangible) contributions that the study can provide or recommend in the
field of nursing?

How did you get your population and sampling size

-

How did you come up to this study

Sure ba na phenomenon? Why naging phenomenon?

Research gap
Paano nawawala yung bias sa isang research study (research design)
- Bracketing
- Intuiting
- Analyzing
- Describing

Reflective journals

How to establish data chuchu

- Collizis

why descriptive? (research design)

- mas naeexplore ng maayos

interpretive vs descripve study?

- yung descriptive merong bracketing

importance of bracketing
- eliminate bias

why quali?
- we can measure the experiences

What exactly is the instruments of the study

- Kasi tayomg mga researchers ang mag cocunduct ng interview
- Semi structure tayo thats why hindi tayo naka limit sa guide questions we are allowed to
add or mag follow up questions

Confirmability
- Assess and reassess
- Need to be congruent
- To verify that finding are likely to be repeatable para maiwasan ang repetitive ng data

Research design
- descriptive

Sampling technique
- purposive may set na criterion kaya purposive, homogenous
- snowball - referral, di pwede mamili kasi nga di tayo pede lang tumingin sa background
ng tao.

importance of Pilot study

- kung enough para makakuha ng data
 - for questions

Importance of pre screening test?

- for participants to filter para macheck din if nameet criteria
- thru gforms
- sa pre screening po ang gagamitin ay google form, by the use of gform po we the
researchers able to know if the respondents ay pasok sa criteria.
-

Bakit may assumption na kayo?

- related sa rrl na nakuha namin, it will guide us para ma by part by part yung answer ng
mga participant.
- kung yung assumption based from rrl ay nag llink sa isat isa

Reflective journal
- to eliminate bias
As per the published research guidelines of Huddersfield University regarding reflexivity
of the a qualitative research paper,
1st - trying to be aware of my own assumption about the phenomenon we wish to investigate
Process
2nd- Make strength of template analysis— in order to record one’s thoughts and feeling
(helps the researchers not to be consumed by the resonating feelings towards the information
that will be obtained from the participant of the study.)

why pheno?
- lived experiences ang kinukuha natin

bakit wala pang effect

- we set to examine and determine PALANG
- for the future pa sya

Paano masesecure chuchu Privacy and confidentiality

- Through storage of data as well as restriction po sa pag access ng files which
researchers lang po ang pwede
- Use code names din

Bakit tayo may inclusion and exclusion criteria?

- increases the likelihood of producing reliable and reproducible results
- minimizes the likelihood of harm to the subjects, and
- guards against exploitation of vulnerable persons