Part 1

SOFNET INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER
CHAPTER 1
THE STUDY AND ITS SETTING
INTRODUCTION
Does sport can make you happy? How about your study? Can
you still maintain your grade over it? “The skills gained from doing
sports, such as learning to focus and to improvise, could improve you
academic performance.” (Natalie Gil)
Nowadays, most of the students was conscious about their grades
that’s why some of students wants to join to any extra-curricular
activities one of these is the sports activities, that’s the researcher
matter. To get high grades in joining sports activities, students can
learn new things such as, improving skills, build relationship and also
they can learn how to respect others. Physical activity can have an
impact on cognitive skills and attitudes and academic behavior, all of
each are important components of improve in academic performances
on the other hand, they can’t balance their time in their studies over
sports activities because there are times that they can’t attend their
classes often times being an athlete is never been easy, specially
when taking an examination on the day of your competition but if you’re
willing to pursue your grades you much better to give way your
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competition because it’s better to finished your study than to compete
others.
The goal of this study is to gather the absolute data that will result for
good research and influencing people to believe that they have their
own ability that can’t be disregarded. That researcher conducts the
study to balance the strength and knowledge of the students. As a
researcher, we hope that the students become more attainable and
aggressive to become successful someday. The researcher are hoping
for the success of this study
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
FIGURE 1
Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Engagement of Junior Academic
Performance
High School Students
to sports activities.
First Grading Grades
The first frame of the conceptual framework presents the
independent variable which is the engagement of Junior High School
students to their sports activities.
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Finally, The second frame is the dependent variable that is the
academic performance of the student in first grading grade.
Statement of the Problem
This study generally aim to determine the relationship between
the engagement to sports activities of junior high school to their
academic performance.
Specially shall seeks answer to the following question:
1. What is the demographic profile of junior high school in their
academic performance?
1.1 sex;
1.2 age and
1.3 grade level?
2. What is the Academic Performance of the respondent in sport
activities of junior high school?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the engagement to sports
activities of junior high school in their academic performance?
Hypothesis:
There is no significant relationship between the engagement to
sports activities of junior high school student to their academic
performances.
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SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The research would highlight on how the relationship between
the engagement to sports activities of junior high school students to
their academic performance
The research included the socio-demographic profiles of grade 7
to grade 10 students. Particularly the sex, age and grade level. The
data was limited to the grade 7 to grade 10 students of Mariveles
National High School Poblacion only with the use of Pearson
correlation formula.
The academic performance of grade 7 to grade 10 students is limited
only to the first grading grades.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be able to contribute research based data and
knowledge on the possible relationship between the engagement to
sport activities of Junior high school students to their academic
performance. Furthermore, the society in general can make informed
decisions that are relevant to this area.
More specifically, this study shall beneficial to the various groups of
people.
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Researcher- This study will greatly help and inspire them to be more
innovative and knowledgeable about academic performance of junior
high school students who are engaged to sports activities; carry out the
programs of Department of Education (DepEd) that will be beneficial to
both the learners and teachers.
Students- the findings of these study would benefit and encourage
them to express and act upon on their career plans in the future and to
give achievements to their parents and to make them proud.
Teachers- This research will guide the teacher on what to do with the
students. It would help them to be able to understand the students on
what they are doing that students are doing their task for being an
athlete and as students.
School administrator- This would let them to find ways and means to
enhance the students’ abilities and skills that would enable them to
pursue meaningful careers.
Mariveles National High-school Poblacion- This is where the results
of the study shall serve as reference to helps special programs to
sports and the school is still well-known.
Community- The community shall also benefit from the study in a
sense that if helps to the development of the school.
Parents- A parents would also benefit in this study because their
children will well-disciplined as a students, as a friend or as a child.
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External shareholders- The alumni, parents, local leaders and
organization would be motivated to support a student right for
education.
Government Agencies- Agencies, especially the department of
education, are beneficial for they will gain perceptivity in giving quality
service to the students especially the secondary students.
Future Researcher- This study would serve as reference that would
help in conducting data to their research studies.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following are operationally defined to enhance the
understanding the readers at this study.
Academic Performance- This represents performance outcomes that
indicate the extent to which a students has accomplished specific goals
that wear that focus of activities in instructional environments
specifically in school, college and university.
Junior high school students- Students that are in grade 7 to 10.
K-12 program- Is the newly implemented educational system in the
Philippines where in the covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic
education to provide
sufficient time for mastery of concept and skills development,
employment and entrepreneurship.
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Socio-Demographic Profile- Refers to sex, age and socio-economic
status.
Sports activities- Sport or sports includes all forms competitive
physical activity or games which true casual to organized participation,
aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while
providing enjoyment participants and in some cases entertainment or
spectators.
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CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
Academic Performance
According to Kathryn R. Wentzel Allan Wigfield, June 1998 pp 155–175
she define Academic Perfomance as focusing on students' ability and
efficacy beliefs, control beliefs, achievement values, and achievement
goal orientations. On her book entitled Academic and Social
Motivational Influences on Students.
On their book entitled Academic Self-Efficacy and First-Year College
Student Performance and Adjustment, Based from the three author
Martin M. Chemers, Li-tze Hu, and Ben F. Garcia (2001). They say that
Academic Performance is academic self-efficacy and optimism on
students' academic performance, stress, health, and commitment to
remain in school.
Pedersen Shelton he said that Academic Performance is used to
describe things that relate to the work performed in universities. On his
book entitled Handbook of Research on Building, Growing, and
Sustaining Quality E-Learning Programs, 2017.
On June 2012 from the book of Irfan Mushtaq, Shabana Nawaz Khan,
Galiher and Darling was entitled Factors Affecting Students’ Academic
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Performance they said that Academic Performance is to measure
student
performance because they main focus in on the student performance for
the particular semester.
In accordance to Virginia C Crandall, Walter Katkovsky, Vaughn J
Crandall (1965) on their book entitled Children's beliefs in their own
control of reinforcements in intellectual-academic achievement situations
pp. 91-109 they described that Academic Performance is a scale for
assessing children's beliefs that they, rather than other people, are
responsible for their intellectual-academic successes and failures.
On pages 751-759, based on the book entitled Sport Participation and
Academic Performace: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of
Adolescent Health, Discussed by the two author Daniel I. Rees and
Joseph J. Sabia (October 2010) they said that the Academic
Performance is better if the students is participating on their academic
activities.
As stated by Crosnoe 2002b;Miller 1998; Rosenbaum, DeLuca, and
Miller 1999 on their book pp. Like what they said that academic
performance has implications that play out across life stages and on
multiple levels. On the individual level, academic struggles predict short-
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term problem behavior and dropout, and can derail educational and
occupational trajectories well into adulthood.
On pages 36-51 in the book entitled Early segmentation of students
according to their academic performance: A predictive modelling
approach. V.L.MiguéisaAnaFreitasbPaulo J.V.GarciabAndréSilva
(November 2018) they confirmed that Academic Performance can be a
useful strategy to mitigate failure, to promote the achievement of better
results and to better manage resources in higher education institutions.
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2011, Attested by Siedentop ob page 5 entitled A review of Literature in
the benefits of sports education on secondary physical education he said
that junior high school is a literate sports person as one who
"Understands and values the rules, Rituals, and traditions of sports and
other physical activities and has learn to distinguish between good and
bad practices within those activities, whether in children sports, Youth
sport, school sports, Or a professional sports."
According to Godfrey (2013) on page 1 Entitled review of related literature
and studies. He describes Junior high school as the studies and related
10
literature which are researched to bring out further information about the
topic Teen Finance. Good money management skills are the process of
budgeting, saving, investing, spending the cash usage. Though it is not
something we are born with, they are acquired over one’s lifetime through
many successes and some failures as well. “An allowance is not an
entitlement or a salary. It is a tool for teaching children how to manage
money.”
The book entitled Exploring the impact of sports participation on
academic achievement in a middle school, Michael J.Gorton (2010) said
that the Athletes in middle school is scarce. Most studies tend to look at
high school student athletes and compare their achievement to their non
athlete peers. For this reason, the researcher will review studies primarily
examining the high school atmosphere. The review will discuss the
following areas, current state of high school athletic programs, history of
high school sports, the impact of Title IX, grade point averages of student
athletes and non athletes, attendance rates and behavior referrals. Both
current and dated literature will be reviewed to demonstrate trends over
the years.
As stated by Corbett in the year of 2009 Entitled the effect 9of
grading system on student motivation in Junior high school he/she
conducted a study on Students' Reactions to a "No Failure" Grading
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System and How They Informed Teacher Practice. This study briefly
describes the central tenets of a program several low-income middle
schools implemented to remove failure as a choice students could
make in completing their assignments. Instead of doling out Fs for poor
and nonexistent work, teachers devised a variety of options students
had to follow to demonstrate eventual mastery of critical skills and
knowledge. This study draws on nearly five years of interviews the
authors did in the buildings with both educators and students and found
that in sharing their reactions to the initiative, young people spoke not
with a voice but with voices. Teachers learned that the program's
effectiveness improved as they paid attention to, and gave credibility
to, the students' varied reactions. The study concludes with an oft-
repeated but not yet widely adhered to call to allow students to actually
participate in reform efforts rather than just be the beneficiaries of
them.
In conformity with Toshiya Nonoyama, Yoshihiro Shimazaki,
Shinpei Tsug was published in 2016 Entitled The Descriptive study of
dental injury incurred by junior high school and high school students
during participation in school sports clubs. They describe Junior high
school as AIM Students often injure their teeth during participation in
school-based sports clubs. This study examined the frequencies and
types of dental injuries sustained at school sports clubs and compared
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the risk of dental injury among different sports. Based on injury
statistics from the Japan Sport Council of the junior high schools and
high schools in seven prefectures, the risk of dental injury was
estimated using a rate ratio (RR) by calculating the ratio of occurrence
of dental injury under various circumstances In confirming with Randok
House Dictionary on (2019) in Junior High School a school attended
after elementary school and usually consisting of grades seven through
nine. Entitled Randok House Dictionary. June 28, 2008 Entitled Sex
and Age Effects on willingness to Communicate, Anxiety Perceived
Competence, and L2. Motivation among Junior High School French
Immersion Student depending on Peter D. MacIntyre, Susan C. Baker,
Richard Clement, Leslie A. Donovan in Junior High School. The effects
of language sec in grade on willingness to communicate (WTC),
anxiety and perceived communication competence on frequency of
communication in French and the attitude and motivation variables are
examined globally and at each grade level.
According to Marry Ann Liebert on November 2, 2005 in Junior
High School entitled Impact of the Mobile Phone on Junior High School
Student Friendships in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area the proportion of
having Kieta (Japanese mobile phone) has increased rapidly in young
children. To research how Junior High School Students use their own
kietia and to examine and using it on their psychology, especially on
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the friendship, we recruited 651 students, grade 8, from five junior high
school in the Tokyo metropolitan area.
SPORTS ACTIVITY
On the book entitled Sport Activities Versus Academic Achievement
For Rural High School Students. Discussed by Author Feng S. Din ( 2019).
Sports Activities is to determine whether participating in sport activities
had any impact on students' academic achievement in rural high
schools. The participating students (N=225) were selected from four
rural high school districts.
Sport Activities is to review relationships of academic performance and
some of its determinants to participation in school-based physical

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activities, including physical education (PE), free school physical activity
(PA) and school sports. On the book entitled Physical education, school
physical activity, school sports and academic performance. Discussed by
the two Authors François Trudeau and Roy J Shephard (2008)
On the date of September, 2006. AdamantiosArampatzis,
KirosKaramanidis, Gaspar Morey-Klapsing and Gianpiero De Monte they
said the Sport Activities is to performed sport activity in an intensity-
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dependent manner. This was done by comparing sprinters with endurance
runners and subjects not active in sports. Sixty-six young male subjects
(2675 yrs.; 18376 cm; 77.676.7 kg) participated in the study. On their book
entitled Mechanical properties of the triceps surae tendon and Apo
neurosis in relation to intensity of sport activity.
According to D.Barber-Westin and Frank R.NoyesM.D. (2001)
On the book entitled Factors Used to Determine Return to Unrestricted
Sports Activities After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Sport
Activities is commonly performed in athletes, with the goal of return to
sports activities. Unfortunately, this operation may fail, and the rates of
either reinjuring an ACL-reconstructed knee or sustaining an ACL
rupture to the contralateral knee range from 3% to 49%. One problem
that exists is a lack of information and consensus regarding the
appropriate criteria for releasing patients to unrestricted sports
activities postoperatively.
In Participation in Sports Related Extracurricular Activities the
sports activity is extracurricular activities such as sports have proven
useful (among other strategies) to counter school disengagement, 12

specifically in enhancing positive social relations among the teachers
and students involved. Amand,Girard,Hiroux,Smith (2017)
15
According to Young (1969) in Google she studied the
relationship between the personal, social adjustment, physical fitness
and attitude towards physical education among high school girls with
varying socio-economic levels. She concluded that there was no
significant difference between socio-economic status groups with
reference to physical fitness or attitude towards physical education.
There was significant positive correlation between physical fitness and
attitudes towards physical education for the entire population
at .001level, within the high and low socio-economic groups at the .05
level and within the middle group at the .01 level. There was a
significant correlation at .05 level but physical fitness and personal
social adjustment for the population and within the low socio-economic
status groups; there was an inverse and significant correlation between
social adjustment and attitudes towards physical education
Sport' is defined as: A human activity involving physical exertion
and skill as the primary focus of the activity, with elements of
competition where rules and patterns of behavior governing the activity
exist formally through organizations and is generally recognized as a
sport. Active recreation' is defined as activities engaged in for the
purpose of relaxation, health and wellbeing or enjoyment with the
primary activity requiring physical exertion, and the primary focus on
human activity. Department of Local Government, Sport and Cultural
Industries (2017)
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According to Onifade (1983) he examined the relationship
among attitudee, physical activity like adjustment and aggression and
physical activity. Data was collected on the physical activity belief of
subjects by a scale development by the researcher. Data was analyzed
through the use of univariate and multivariate statistical procedures.
Results depicted that there was no relationship among attitudes,
physical activity behavior and physical activity belief of subjects.

13
However, there were some relationship between some specific
attitudes and physical activity
behavior and physical activity belief. Subjects also chose individual
physical activities and dual and team activities.
K-12 PROGRAM
. Based on definition of DiPietro, Fedrig, Black and Preston,
2008 entitled The International Review of Research In Open and
Distributed Learning Practice in K-12 Online Learning: A Review of
Open Access Literature that much of the published literature is based
upon the personal experiences of those involved in the practice of
virtual schooling; as well, much of the research is available only in
unpublished masters’ theses and doctoral dissertations. In many ways,
this is indicative of the foundational descriptive work that often
17
precedes experimentation in any scientific field. In other words, it is
important to know how students in virtual schools engage in their
learning in this environment prior to conducting any rigorous
examination of virtual schooling.
In accordance with Rouse, 2019 entitled The K-12 Basic
Education Program that the K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and
12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years
of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to
provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop
lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-
level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.
According to the book, The International Journal of Higher
Education volume 4 issue 3 pp. 188-198, August 17th, 2015 entitled A
Longitudinal Study of the Effectiveness of a K-12 Engagement
Program on Graduate Student Learning Outcomes that Programs that
connect higher and K-12 education provide benefits to K-12 students,
teachers, and higher education. The National Science Foundation
(NSF) invested in programs connecting domestic STEM graduate
students with K-12 education for over a decade (GK-12), intending 14

that
such engagement would help
achieve graduate student learning outcomes and would be sustained
after NSF funding.
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According to Anshu Narad and Bilkees Abdullah, 2016 entitled
Academic Performance of Senior Secondary School Students:
Influence of Parental Encouragement and School Environment that K-
12 Program is Parental encouragement can nurture the hidden
potentialities in children and lead to success in different walks of life.
Academic performance is one of the important goals of education and
has always been influenced by number of factors including parental
encouragement and school environment. Keeping this in view a study
was conducted to explore the parental encouragement and school
environment of senior secondary school students and to analyze their
relationship with academic performance of students.
Based on Hung, J,-L , Y - C , & Rice , K. (2012) Entitled
Integrating Data Mining in Program Evaluation of K-12 Online
Education. An Innovative approach of Program evaluation through
analysis of students learning logs, demographic data, and end-of-
course evaluation surveys in an online K-12 supplemental program.
In Accordance of Nippard and Murphy 2007 Entitled Virtual
Learning Communities. Virtual learning environments, offer referred to
as online learning or e-learning have proliferated both at K-12 and the
adult levels.
In Consonance by Coffman,2004; Downes 1998; Gordin, Gomez, Pea,
15of
and Fishman 1996 Entitled Virtual learning communities. The paucity
literature at the K-12 level is largely attributed to the fact that the field is
19
in the early stages of development and as such concepts are not
clearly defined, Research has suggested that educational and online
communities are under developed and in their infancy.
According to Myrick, Robert D. Entitled Developmental
Guidance Counseling. This document provides a framework and
reference for counselors and identifies skills and experience needed by
students as a part of attending school and becoming successful.
Related Study
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
According to Michael D. Hanus and Jesse Fox to their book
entitled Academic Assessing the effects of gamification in the
classroom they say that academic performance is to measuring their
motivation, social comparison, effort, satisfaction, learner
empowerment, and academic performance at school on page 152-161.
Volume 80, year January 2015.
In accordance to Charles Gbollie and harriett pearl keamu in
March 20, 2017 entitled Student academic performance ; The role of
motivation, strategies, and perceived factors hindering Liberian Junior 16

and Senior high school students learning they said that the nature of
20
motivation and learning strategy use is vital to improve the student
learning outcomes and also this study was intend to explore the
motivational beliefs and learning strategy by using Liberian junior and
senior high school students that have connection with their academic
performance.
According to the study of Caitlin Lees and Jessica Hopkins
October 24 2013, Academic Performance on children's physical health
is well characterized, the effect aerobic physical activity on cognition,
academic achievement, and psychosocial function has nit yet been
established from their book entitled The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on
Cognition, Academic Achievement, and Psychosocial Function in
Children.
Entitled Improving academic performance of school‐age children
by physical activity in the classroom: 1‐year program evaluation.
According to them Marijke J Mullender‐Wijnsma, Esther Hartman,
Johannes W de Greeff, Roel J Bosker, Simone Doolaard, Chris
Visscher. Journal of School Health 85 page (6), 365-371, date 2015 in
Academic Performance an intervention was designed that combined
physical activity with learning activities. As the author said Radhika
Kapur (2018) Academic Performance is to understand the factors that
influence the academic performance of the students in secondary
21
schools in India. On the book entitled Factors Influencing the Students
Academic Performance in Secondary Schools in India.
According to Ahmad (2011) A Study of Academic Performance
In University Students that in this paper we want to develop a model for
academic performance of students of university of Gujrat, Gujrat,
Pakistan. To develop this model we consider the independent factors

17
like home environment, study habits, hardworking, learning skills, and
academic interaction. The fitted model shows that academic
performance depends on learning skills and learning skills depends on
home environment. Also academic performance depends on academic
interaction and academic interaction depends on study habits and
home environment. It means academic performance can be estimated
for any student by its home environment and learning skills and also by
its academic interaction, study habits, and home environment. By
examining the three possible paths of estimating academic
performance, the strongest path is the home environment which affects
the learning skills and ultimately learning skills lead to affect the
academic performance. According to our model students can achieve
high academic performance by focus on home environment and
learning skills.
In 2013 Entitled Self-Esteem, Study Habits and Academic
Performance Among University Students Accordance to Nicho’s found
22
that a dependency relationship, as well as a close and direct
association, occurs between a student’s self-esteem and his or her
academic performance as evidenced by the calculated p-value, which
is below the statistical significance (P = .000 <α = .05). In addition, he
established that 60% of students have low self-esteem. While they do
not see themselves as inferior to their peers, they feel that their peers
hold a higher position than themselves.
Based on definition of the book Journal Educational Psychology
An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology on
Volume 33,2013- issue 7that The present study examines the dynamic
relationship between academic performance of high school students
and their respective learning and study strategies.
As the author said Radhika Kapur (2018). Academic
performance Is to understand the factors that influence the academic
performance of the student in secondary schools in India. On the book
entitled factors influencing the student’s academic performance in
secondary schools in India.
Junior High School
In November 30 2017 by Nicolas Balachef on his book Entitled
A study of students' proving processes at the junior high school level
23
she said that the teaching of mathematical in junior high school proofs
appears to be in failure in almost all countries, no matter how this
teaching is organized. An analysis of teaching materials where
indicates that there is too strong an emphasis on teaching the logical
side of proof, while its social and practical importance in the
mathematical activity remains hidden.
On September 13, 2017 by James G. Kelly on his book entitled
Adolescent Boys in High School. A Psychological Study of Coping and
Adaptation he said
that the Junior high school is the research reported in this volume is
based on investigations of how tenth-grade boys cope and adapt to the
high-school environment in, specifically students relate to the high
school environment, this volume presents examples of how multiple
research methods can be used to investigate the expression of
complex person and environment relationships.
Like what Edna Tan, Angela Calabrese Barton, Hosun Kang
and Tara O'Neil firm their book entitled Desiring a career in STEM-
related fields: How middle school girls articulate and negotiate
identities in practice in science October 28 2013 for them Junior High
School for them is by examining the narrated and embodied identities-
in-practice of non-white, middle school girls who articulate career goals
in STEM-related fields.
24
On July 2018 Based on Tshewang Rabgay in Junior High
School Entitled A Study of Factors Influencing Students' Academic
Performance in a Higher Secondary School in Bhutan the purpose of
this study was to investigate the factors affecting academic
performance of the students of a higher secondary school in Bhutan.
On the date 2018 John Wiley & Sons said Junior High School is
Seventh grade students attending five junior high schools, who had
attended selected elementary schools, were tested with the Personal
Values Inventory (PVI), a test of academic motivation, shortly after the
first seventh‐grade marking period. On the book entitled Changes in
Academic Performance in the Junior High School.
In accordance of (WENR-2, 2013) Entitled Senior high school
Curriculum in the Philippines , USA , JAPAN. High schools in South
Korea are divided into general/academic, vocational, and special
purpose curriculum which students are graduating from Middle School
can opt to enroll. Despite not being compulsory or free, the Progression
rate is as high as 99% (ibid).
In accordance of four researchers (Gregory , Allen ,
Mikami ,Hafen & Pianta) First published on November 12, 2013 they
said that Student behavioral engagement is a key condition supporting
academic achievement, yet student disengagement in middle and high
schools is all too common. The current study used a randomized
25
controlled design to test the efficacy of the My Teaching Partner‐
Secondary program to increase behavioral engagement. The program
offers teachers personalized coaching and systematic feedback on
teachers’ interactions with students, based on systematic observation
of video recordings of teacher‐student interactions in the classroom.
In accordance to Arsi, Setyasari, Hitipeuw and Chusniyah
(2017) they said that among the main causes of low learning
achievement in mathematics learning is a delayed behavior to do
tasks, commonly called academic procrastination. The objectives of
this research are to describe and to explain the causal factors and
consequences of academic procrastination in learning mathematics for
junior high school students. This research was conducted for more
than five months. The research took place at six junior high schools in
Medium Regency. The research approach was a qualitative
descriptive. The types of data sources were six mathematics teachers
and six students, in-class mathematics learning activities, and
documents.
K-12
According to Roy Pea that was Published on January 1, 2013.
Entitled Computational Thinking in K–12: A Review of the State of the
26
Field he said that K-12 is argued for adding this new competency to
every child’s analytical ability as a vital ingredient of science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning. Research
Article Vol 42, Issue 1, 2013.
According to Nhelbourne K. Mohammad (2016) Entitled
Parent's sources of information about K-12 Program he/she said that
this is one of the latest programs of the Department of education and
since it new many guardian of students were asking what is all about it.
And also he/she said that the parents of the guardian not totally clear
because the information they just said is not very well explanation.
Based on (France, Whalley, & Mauchline, 2013), Entitled
Teaching and learning with mobile computing devices: Case study in
K-12 classrooms microbiology students conducted fieldwork with tablet
Computers in Iceland that meshes formal learning and semi-formal
learning characteristics. They collected GPS data, photos, videos, and
field notes to be aggregated into research presentations and video
reflections. In K-12, Soloway and Norris (e.g., Project Tomorrow, 2010;
Zhang et al., 2010) have Been working with schools with the GoKnow
Mobile Learning Environment. Small applications, such as PicoMap for
concept mapping and Sketchy for drawing or animations, allow
students to create artifacts that reflect their Learning.
27
According to Broussard, Kaylin; Murphy, Laure; Fu, Katherine
Kai-se from their book entitled A Descriptive Study of the effect of K-12
design education on changes in self esteem on pages 069-078 year
2017. They said that K-12 Program is A new K-12 design curriculum
had been developed to explores this hypothesis. This paper represent
an assessment of the impact of the design education curriculum on K -
12 students self esteem, both represented and self reported.
In Accordance Heslop, 2016 in their Book Entitled K-12
Changes in Education. It is generally assumed by educators that the K-
12 curriculum – the curriculum used in primary, elementary, and
secondary education – will affect students’ post-secondary educational
experiences and their ability to enter the workforce. The content of the
K-12 curriculum provides students with foundational knowledge and
skills which are then built up at the post-secondary level.
6.K-12 Program is the last level in all basic education programs of the
countries reviewed. The Philippines has a clearer model with at least
four tracks (academics, tech-voc, sports, arts & design) and at least ten
strands. Japan has two tracks in academics and tech-voc. The US
basic education system varies from state to state, similar to its SHS
curriculum. There is no definite track as this is left to individual state
and their school districts to decide. On the date September 2016
28
Danilo H. Sarmiento and Ronald Orale. On the book entitled Senior
High School Curriculum in the Philippines, USA, and Japan.
According to the opinion of (Tintiangco-Cubales, Sacramento &
Henning) on their book entitled The Urban Review published on March
2015, Volume 47, Issue 1, pp. 104–125 saying This is a conceptual
article that builds upon existing research studies to investigate the
pedagogy of effective K-12 teachers of Ethnic Studies. From this
literature, we identify several patterns in their pedagogy: culturally
responsive pedagogy, community responsive pedagogy and teacher
racial identity development.
A Summary of Research on the Effectiveness of K-12 online
learning on year 2009. Powell and Patrick said that in this memo
examines the outcomes and descriptions of the existing studies on K-
12 online learning effectiveness and provides a literature review. There
are a number of rigorous studies that have examined the question, “Is
online learning effective?” However, there is not a single, large-scale,
national study comparing students taking online courses with traditional
students, using control groups in the instructional design. The
conclusion of the meta-analysis of these studies is that online learning
offers promising, new models of education that are effective
29
Sports Activities
In attested by Hillman (2014) Entitled Sport and physical activity
participation he/she describe it that generally promoted for their
positive impacts on children's physical and mental health it means that
the overall picture is better than that. And they believe with children
increased participation in sport and other forms of physical activity also
enhances cognitive functioning
.According to Rochelle M Eime, Janet A Young, Jack T Harvey,
Melanie J Charity and Warren R Payne on their book entitled A
systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of
participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing
development of a conceptual model of health through sport. They said
that sports activities is specific guidelines regarding the level of
physical activity (PA) required to provide health benefits. However, the
research underpinning these PA guidelines does not address the
element of social health. Published: 15 August 2013.
A study conducted by Young (1969)(Google) Page 4. studied
the relationship between the personal, social adjustment, Physical
fitness and attitude towards physical education among high school girls
with Varying socio-economic levels. She concluded that there was no
significant difference Between socio-economic status groups with
reference to physical fitness or attitude Towards physical education.
30
There was significant positive correlation between Physical fitness and
level and within The middle group at the .01 level. There was a
significant correlation at .05 level but Physical fitness and personal
social adjustment for the population and within the low Socio-economic
status groups; there was an inverse and significant correlation Between
social adjustment and attitudes towards physical education at .01 level.
Sport Activity is a physical activity among students in essential
for complimenting sedentary behavior and for individuals future health
credit to 2018 Katharina Diehl et al , from her book entitled Students'
Motivation for Sport Activity and Participation in University Sports; A
Mixed methods study on pages 7.
According to them L Morton, AJ Atkin, K Corder, M Suhrcke,
EMF Van Sluijs Obesity reviews 17 page (2), 142-158, 2016 in their
book Entitled The school environment and adolescent physical activity
and sedentary behavior: a mixed‐studies systematic review in sports
activity.
On the book entitled Students’ Motivation for Sport Activity and
Participation in University Sports: A Mixed-Methods Study. Sports
activity is essential for complimenting sedentary behavior and for
individuals’ future health according to Katharina Diehl et al (2018).
31
In the opinion of (Deforche, Bourdeaudhuij & Clarys) Published
on 28 February 2015 they said Students also believed that increasing
students’ physical activity might decrease their sedentary behavior at
the same time. The recommendations and ideas discussed in this
study may facilitate the development of effective and tailored
(multilevel) intervention programs aiming to increase physical activity
and decrease sedentary behaviors in university students.
Students Motivation for Sport Activity and Participation in
University Sports on year 2009 that physical activity among students is
essential for complimenting sedentary behavior and for individuals’
future health. This study investigates reasons for sport engagement
among students and addresses the utilization of university five factors
(life balance/fitness/body image/contact with others/fun). Our
qualitative study explained these in more detail and revealed missing
aspects. 47.6% of students participated in USP. Potential
improvements for USP include program maintenance during the
semester break and temporal harmonization with the classes. The
qualitative component identified additional reasons for sport activity
that were not addressed by the item battery, which provides critical
implications for developing item batteries for future research. Our
results may help to generate a more target-group-oriented approach to
32
increase physical activity among students, which will reduce sedentary
behavior and future disease burden
Academic Performance
According to Michael D. Hanus and Jesse Fox to their book
entitled Academic Assessing the effects of gamification in the
classroom they say that academic performance is to measuring their
motivation, social comparison, effort, satisfaction, learner
empowerment, and academic performance at school on page 152-161.
Volume 80, year January 2015.
In accordance to Charles Gbollie and harriett pearl keamu in
March 20, 2017 entitled Student academic performance ; The role of
motivation, strategies, and perceived factors hindering Liberian Junior
and Senior high school students learning they said that the nature of
motivation and learning strategy use is vital to improve the student
learning outcomes and also this study was intend to explore the
motivational beliefs and learning strategy by using Liberian junior and
senior high school students that have connection with their academic
performance.
According to the study of Caitlin Lees and Jessica Hopkins
October 24 2013, Academic Performance on children's physical health
33
is well characterized, the effect aerobic physical activity on cognition,
academic achievement, and psychosocial function has nit yet been
established from their book entitled The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on
Cognition, Academic Achievement, and Psychosocial Function in
Children.
Entitled Improving academic performance of school‐age children
by physical activity in the classroom: 1‐year program evaluation.
According to them Marijke J Mullender‐Wijnsma, Esther Hartman,
Johannes W de Greeff, Roel J Bosker, Simone Doolaard, Chris
Visscher. Journal of School Health 85 page (6), 365-371, date 2015 in
Academic Performance an intervention was designed that combined
physical activity with learning activities. As the author said Radhika
Kapur (2018) Academic Performance is to understand the factors that
influence the academic performance of the students in secondary
schools in I ndia. On the book entitled Factors Influencing the
Students Academic Performance in Secondary Schools in India.
According to Ahmad (2011) A Study of Academic Performance
in University Students that in this paper we want to develop a model for
academic performance of students of university of Gujrat, Gujrat,
Pakistan. To develop this model we consider the independent factors
like home environment, study habits, hardworking, learning skills, and
academic interaction. The fitted model shows that academic
34
performance depends on learning skills and learning skills depends on
home environment. Also academic performance depends on academic
interaction and academic interaction depends on study habits and
home environment. It means academic performance can be estimated
for any student by its home environment and learning skills and also by
its academic interaction, study habits, and home environment. By
examining the three possible paths of estimating academic
performance, the strongest path is the home environment which affects
the learning skills and ultimately learning skills lead to affect the
academic performance. According to our model students can achieve
high academic performance by focus on home environment and
learning skills.
In 2013 Entitled Self-Esteem, Study Habits and Academic
Performance Among University Students Accordance to Nicho’s found
that a dependency relationship, as well as a close and direct
association, occurs between a student’s self-esteem and his or her
academic performance as evidenced by the calculated p-value, which
is below the statistical significance (P = .000 <α = .05). In addition, he
established that 60% of students have low self-esteem. While they do
not see themselves as inferior to their peers, they feel that their peers
hold a higher position than themselves.
35
Based on definition of the book Journal Educational Psychology
An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology on
Volume 33,2013- issue 7that The present study
examines the dynamic relationship between academic performance of
high school students and their respective learning and study strategies.
As the author said Radhika Kapur (2018). Academic
performance is to understand the factors that influence the academic
performance of the student in secondary schools in India. On the book
entitled factors influencing the student’s academic performance in
secondary schools in India.
Junior High School
In November 30 2017 by Nicolas Balachef on his book Entitled
A study of students' proving processes at the junior high school level
she said that the teaching of mathematical in junior high school proofs
appears to be in failure in almost all countries, no matter how this
teaching is organized. An analysis of teaching materials where
indicates that there is too strong an emphasis on teaching the logical
side of proof, while its social and practical importance in the
mathematical activity remains hidden.
On September 13, 2017 by James G. Kelly on his book entitled
Adolescent Boys in High School. A Psychological Study of Coping and
36
Adaptation he said that the Junior high school is the research reported
in this volume is based on investigations of how tenth-grade boys cope
and adapt to the high-school environment in, specifically students
relate to the high school environment, this volume presents examples
of how multiple research methods can be used to investigate the
expression of complex person and environment relationships.
Like what Edna Tan, Angela Calabrese Barton, Hosun Kang and Tara
O'Neil frim their book entitled Desiring a career in STEM- related fields:
How middle school girls articulate and negotiate identities in practice in
science October 28 2013 for them Junior High School for them is by
examining the narrated and embodied identities- in-practice of non-
white, middle school girls who articulate career goals in STEM-related
fields
On July 2018 Based on Tshewang Rabgay in Junior High
School Entitled A Study of Factors Influencing Students' Academic
Performance in a Higher Secondary School in Bhutan the purpose of
this study was to investigate the factors affecting academic
performance of the students of a higher secondary school in Bhutan.
On the date 2018 John Wiley & Sons said Junior High School is
Seventh grade students attending five junior high schools, who had
attended selected elementary schools, were tested with the Personal
Values Inventory (PVI), a test of academic motivation, shortly after the
37
first seventh‐grade marking period. On the book entitled Changes in
Academic Performance in the Junior High School.
In accordance of (WENR-2, 2013) Entitled Senior high school
Curriculum in the Philippines , USA , JAPAN. High schools in South
Korea are divided into general/academic, vocational, and special
purpose curriculum which students are graduating from Middle School
can opt to enroll. Despite not being compulsory or free, the Progression
rate is as high as 99% (ibid).
In accordance of four researchers (Gregory , Allen ,
Mikami ,Hafen & Pianta) First published on November 12, 2013 they
said that Student behavioral engagement is a key condition supporting
academic achievement, yet student disengagement in middle and high
schools is all too common. The current study used a randomized
controlled design to test the efficacy of the My Teaching Partner‐
Secondary program to increase behavioral engagement. The program
offers teachers personalized coaching and systematic feedback on
teachers’ interactions with students, based on systematic observation
of video recordings of teacher‐student interactions in the classroom.
In accordance to Arsi, Setyasari, Hitipeuw and Chusniyah
(2017) they said that among the main causes of low learning
achievement in mathematics learning is a delayed behavior to do
tasks,commonly called academic procrastination. The objectives of this
38
research are to describe and to explain the causal factors and
consequences of academic procrastination in learning mathematics for
junior high school students. This research was conducted for more
than five months. The research took place at six junior high schools in
Madiun Regency. The research approach was a qualitative descriptive.
The types of data sources were six mathematics teachers and six
students, in-class mathematics learning activities, and documents.
K-12
According to Roy Pea that was Published on January 1, 2013.
Entitled Computational Thinking in K–12: A Review of the State of the
Field he said that K-12 is argued for adding this new competency to
every child’s analytical ability as a vital ingredient of science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning. Research
Article Vol 42, Issue 1, 2013.
According to Nhelbourne K. Mohammad (2016) Entitled
Parent's sources of information about K-12 Program he/she said that
this is one of the latest programs of the Department of education and
since it new many guardian of students were asking what is all about it.
And also he/she said that the parents of the guardian not totally clear
because the information they just said is not very well explanation.
39
Based on (France, Whalley, & Mauchline, 2013), Entitled
Teaching and learning with mobile computing devices: Case study in
K-12 classrooms microbiology students conducted fieldwork with tablet
Computers in Iceland that meshes formal learning and semi-formal
learning characteristics. They collected GPS data, photos, videos, and
field notes to be aggregated into research presentations and video
reflections. In K-12, Soloway and Norris (e.g., Project Tomorrow, 2010;
Zhang et al., 2010) have Been working with schools with the GoKnow
Mobile Learning Environment. Small applications, such as PicoMap for
concept mapping and Sketchy for drawing or animations, allow
students to create artifacts that reflect their Learning.
According to Broussard, Kaylin; Murphy, Laure; Fu, Katherine
Kai-se from their book entitled A Descriptive Study of the effect of K-12
design education on changes in self esteem on pages 069-078 year
2017. They said that K-12 Program is A new K-12 design curriculum
had been developed to explores this hypothesis. This paper represent
an assessment of the impact of the design education curriculum on K -
12 students self esteem, both represented and self reported.
In Accordance Heslop, 2016 in their Book Entitled K-12
Changes in Education. It is generally assumed by educators that the K-
12 curriculum – t he curriculum used in primary, elementary, and
secondary education – will affect students’ post-secondary educational
40
experiences and their ability to enter the workforce. The content of the
K-12 curriculum provides students with foundational knowledge and
skills which are then built up at the post-secondary level.
K-12 Program is the last level in all basic education programs of
the countries reviewed. The Philippines has a clearer model with at
least four tracks (academics, tech-voc, sports, arts & design) and at
least ten strands. Japan has two tracks in academics and tech-voc.
The US basic education system varies from state to state, similar to its
SHS curriculum. There is no definite track as this is left to individual
state and their school districts to decide. On the date September 2016
Danilo H. Sarmiento and Ronald Orale. On the book entitled Senior
High School Curriculum in the Philippines, USA, and Japan.
According to the opinion of (Tintiangco-Cubales, Sacramento &
Henning) on their book entitled The Urban Review published on March
2015, Volume 47, Issue 1, pp 104–125 saying This is a conceptual
article that builds upon existing research studies to investigate the
pedagogy of effective K-12 teachers of Ethnic Studies. From this
literature, we identify several patterns in their pedagogy: culturally
responsive pedagogy, community responsive pedagogy and teacher
racial identity development.
A Summary of Research on the Effectiveness of K-12 online
learning on year 2009. Powell and Patrick said that in this memo
41
examines the outcomes and descriptions of the existing studies on K-
12 online learning effectiveness and provides a literature review. There
are a number of rigorous studies that have examined the question, “Is
online learning effective?” However, there is not a single, large-scale,
national study comparing students taking online courses with traditional
students, using control groups in the instructional design. The
conclusion of the meta-analysis of these studies is that online learning
offers promising, new models of education that are effective
Sports Activities
In attested by Hillman (2014) Entitled Sport and physical activity
partici pation he/she describe it that generally promoted for their
positive impact s on children's physical and mental health it
means that the overall picture is better than that. And they believe with
children increased participation in sport and other forms of physical
activity also enhances cognitive functioning.
According to Rochelle M Eime, Janet A Young, Jack T Harvey,
Melanie J Charity and Warren R Payne on their book entitled A
systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of
participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing
development of a conceptual model of health through sport. They said
that sports activities is specific guidelines regarding the level of
physical activity (PA) required to provide health benefits. However, the
42
research underpinning these PA guidelines does not address the
element of social health. Published: 15 August 2013.
A study conducted by Young (1969)(Google) Page 4. studied
the relationship between the personal, social adjustment, Physical
fitness and attitude towards physical education among high school girls
with Varying socio-economic levels. She concluded that there was no
significant difference Between socio-economic status groups with
reference to physical fitness or attitude Towards physical education.
There was significant positive correlation between Physical fitness and
level and within The middle group at the .01 level. There was a
significant correlation at .05 level but Physical fitness and personal
social adjustment for the population and within the low Socio-economic
status groups; there was an inverse and significant correlation Between
social adjustment and attitudes towards physical education at .01 level.
Sport Activity is a physical activity among students in essential
for complimenting sedentary behavior and for individuals future health
credit to 2018 Katharina Diehl et al , from her book entitled Students'
Motivation for Sport Activity and Participation in University Sports; A
Mixed methods study on pages 7.
43
According to them KL Morton, AJ Atkin, K Corder, M Suhrcke,
EMF Van Sluijs Obesity reviews 17 page (2), 142-158, 2016 in their
book Entitled The school environment and adolescent physical activity
and sedentary behavior: a mixed‐studies systematic review in sports
activity.
On the book entitled Students’ Motivation for Sport Activity and
Participation in University Sports: A Mixed-Methods Study. Sports
activity is essential for complimenting sedentary behavior and for
individuals’ future health according to Katharina Diehl et al (2018).
In the opinion of (Deforche, Bourdeaudhuij & Clarys) Published
on 28 February 2015 they said Students also believed that increasing
students’ physical activity might decrease their sedentary behavior at
the same time. The recommendations and ideas discussed in this
study may facilitate the development of effective and tailored
(multilevel) intervention programs aiming to increase physical activity
and decrease sedentary behaviors in university students.
Students Motivation for Sport Activity and Participation in
University Sports on year 2009 that physical activity among students is
essential for complimenting sedentary behavior and for individuals’
future health. This study investigates reasons for sport engagement
among students and addresses the utilization of university five factors
(life balance/fitness/body image/contact with others/fun). Our
44
qualitative study explained these in more detail and revealed missing
aspects. 47.6% of students participated in USP. Potential
improvements for USP include program maintenance during the
semester break and temporal harmonization with the classes. The
qualitative component identified additional reasons for sport activity
that were not addressed by the item battery, which provides critical
implications for developing item batteries for future research. Our
results may help to generate a more target-group-oriented approach to
increase physical activity among students, which will reduce sedentary
behavior and future disease burden.
45
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH DESIGN PROCEDURE
Research Design
Quantitative Research Design
*Correlational
Population, Sample size and sampling technical
According to Merriam Webster, population is describes as all
units processing certain characteristics, which are of the interest of
researcher study. From the definition can be understood as the
targeted community or group of people which is involved or selected by
the researcher for this study. Therefore for study, the population from
reach the sample where derived consist of grade 7 to grade 10
students of Mariveles National High school Poblacion.
In this study, the researcher employed the random sampling
method for the selection of the respondents. Out of 147 students total
number students of Grade 7-10 100 were randomly chosen to
participate in this study. Likewise, this strategy the researcher to collect
relevant and useful information for answering the research question.
46
DESCRIPTION OF RESPONDENTS
Table 1. THE RESPONDENT ACCORDING TO GRADE LEVEL
TOTAL NUMBER ACTUAL
GRADE OF ENROLLED NUMBER OF

PERCENT
LEVEL STUDENTS RESPONDENTS
Grade 7 43 25 58.14%
Grade 8 39 28 71.79%
Grade 9 32 25 78.13%
Grade 10 33 22 66.67%
The table shows the grade level of Mariveles National High
School Poblacion, the total number of enrolled students and the actual
number of respondents as well there percentage. Forty-three (43)
grade 7 sps are enrolled in that section which is the highest number of
students. For this study, grade 8 has the highest number of
respondents, and grade 10 has the lowest number of respondents in
total of 22.
The research respondents in this study are all of the sps
students of Mariveles National High School Poblacion academic year
2018-2019. The whole batch is divided into 4 grade level with the
maximum of 43 students per section.
47
Research Instrument
For this study, a survey rating scale/ questionnaire was used to
gather the respondents feedback.
Part I of the questionnaire covers the socio-demographic profile
of the respondents; such as age, gender and socio economic status.
Part II covers the grade level that the respondents are enrolled.
In Part III, the respondents were asked for their preferred response in a
13-item rating scale where in they would rate each item on a scale of 1
to 5, with I as “never” and 5 as “always”. Lastly, to determine the
academic performance of the respondents. The researchers collected
the first grading average of each student to their advisers.
Data Collection
The request for approval addressed to the school Principal was
secured first prior to the conduct of the survey. Upon the issuance of
the permit, researches during the vacant period of students went from
one room to the another to distribute questionnaires on the same day,
questionnaire were retrieved tallying followed.
Part 6: Statistical Treatment
For profiling of the respondents mean, frequencies and percentage are
used.
48
Mean ∑x
X= n
Where:
X: Mean
∑: Summation
x: Frequency
n: Total number of sample
Percentage
P= X x 100%
Where:
P= Percentage
X: Mean
To determine the effects of the engagement to sports activities of junior
high school to their mean, weighted mean were used with the following
formula.
Where:
WM: Weighted Mean
x: Frequency
w: Weight
n: Total number of sample
49
Also, it comprises at 5-point liker scale, with 1 for the lowest and
5 for the highest the following describes the weight and the mean
range of the effects of the engaging to sport activities to their academic
performances.
Weight Mean Description
5 4.50-5.00 Always
4 3.50-4.49 Often
3 2.50-3.49 Sometimes
2 1.50-2.49 Rarely
1 1.00-1.49 Never
And then, the collected first grading grade of each student per
grade level identify the academic performance of the respondents.
Below describes the description of the academic performance per
grade according to department of education.
Mean Description
60-74 Did not meet expectation
75-79 Family satisfaction
80-84 Satisfactory
85-89 Very Satisfactory
90-100 Outstanding
50
Lastly, to determine the relationship between the engagement to
sports activities of Junior High School students to their academic
performance and measure of correlation which is Pearson are used.
The Pearson is a measure of the strength of a linear relationship
between two variables and is donated by r. To know the relationship
between two variables, table of critical values is needed. If the Pearson
r value is greater than or equal to the critical value it means that null
hypothesis should be.
Where the dependent variable is the first grading grade of the
student and the independent variable is the engagement to sport
activity.
Measures of Correlation
Pearson r Formula;
r= n∑xy-(∑x)(∑y)
[n∑x2-(∑x)2[n∑y2-(∑y)2]
r= Pearson
x= (independent variable) mean of factor that influenced the students
track reference.
n= Total number of sample
51
Chapter 4
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
In this chapter, the statistical results of the study are divided into
five parts and each have a corresponding table for every topic/matter at
focus. The first parts consist of the socio-economic profile of the junior
high school students of Mariveles National High School Poblacion. The
second part of the statistical results is the grade level that the
respondents are enrolled. The third part consists of the effects of the
engagement to sports activities of junior high school students to their
academic performances. the fourth part is composed of the collected
first grading grade of each respondents form their advisers to
determine their academic performance.
lastly, this part consists of the relationships between the engagement
to sports activities of the students to their academic performance.
Part 1: Profile of students
Table 2: Distribution of respondents according to sex
SEX FREQUENCY PERCENT
MALE 54 54%
FEMALE 46 46%
52
TOTAL 100 100%
Table 2. Indicates the frequency and percentage of respondents
according to sex. In male section, out of 100 respondents of frequency,
54 where male. On the other hand out of 100 respondents, 46 where
female. Furthermore, the table shows that 54% of the respondents are
male and 46% where female indicating that big majority of the
respondents who are enrolled in the Mariveles National High school
Poblacion are male.
Table 3. Distribution of Respondents according to Age
Age Frequency Percent
12 15 15%
13 16 16%
14 12 12%
15 29 29%
16 18 18%
Total 100 100%
Table 3 shows the frequency and percentage of respondents to
age. According to the table, out of 100 respondents, 15% are 12 years
old, 16% are 13 years old, 12 percent are 14 years old, 29% are 15
53
years old and 18% are 16 years old. In a nut shell, the common age of
Junior High school students is 15 years old.
This denotes the students who are enrolled in junior high school are
regular students which is also indicated in “Discussion paper of the
enhance K-12 basic education program Deped” (2010) That the regular
age for Junior high school students 15-16 years old.
Salem et.al (2013) stated that factors such as age, gender, martial
status interest, and motivation to enter school, learning sources, study
time and transportation used have been shown to significantly affect
students cumulative GPA as a whole batch as well as when they are
texted for gender.
Part 2: Grade Level Preference
The following table shows the frequency and the percentage of
the grade level of junior high school students.
Table 4. Section of Grade 7 to Grade 10 Students
Grade Level Frequency Percent
Grade 7 25 25%
Grade 8 28 28%
Grade 9 25 25%
Grade 10 22 22%
Total 100 100%
54
The table shows the frequency and percentage of the Grade
Level of 100 Junior High School Students who are currently enrolled in
Mariveles National High School Poblacion and randomly chosen to
participate in the study. As indicated in the table, in the division of 100
respondents, 28% at the respondents chose to be enrolled in Grade 8
SPS followed by Grade 7 and Grade 9 SPS at 25%. Lastly, only 22%
of the respondents are in Grade 10 SPS.
Part 3. The effects of the engagement to sports activities of Junior
High school students
In order for the researchers to determine the degree of influence
of their academic performance. The researchers should identify the
degree of influence of the relationship of the engagement to sports
activities of Junior High school students in Junior High school.
Table 5. The effects of the engagement to sports activities of Junior
High school students
Desc
Personality 5 4 3 2 1 Mean riptio
ns
55
1. I am Som
having a 5 7 65 17 6 2.88 etim
hard time es
2. I want to Nev
2 4 2 10 82 1.34
leave sport er
3. I am Som
always 35 17 32 2 4 3.17 etim
active es
4. I am Som
experiencing 3 14 44 19 20 2.61 etim
problem es
5. I alredy 10 8 21 12 49 2.18 Rare
receive a ly
medal
6. I can 51 20 15 7 7 4.01 Ofte
balance my n
time
7. I am 20 8 47 14 11 3.12 Som
experiencing etim
stress es
8. I do not 48 12 21 10 9 3.8 Som
56
able to pass etim
my project es
on time
9. i am 64 10 17 5 4 4.25 Alwa
attending ys
my practice
10. I will 4 0 5 5 86 1.31 Nev
pursue my er
sports.
11. I am 53 18 22 0 7 4.1 Ofte
happy and n
contented.
12. I 57 16 9 10 1 3.97 Ofte
enhance my 1 n
skills and
knowledge
13. I am 6 15 21 13 4 2.22 Rare
confidently. 5 ly
General Weighted Mean 3.23 Sometimes
57
Table 5, shows the extent of personality as a factor that
influenced students tracks preference. As revealed in the table, I am
attending my practice after my class has always influenced them with
the highest weighted mean of 4.25. On the other hand, I will pursue my
school after I graduate and will not continue my study. Never
influenced the respondents with the lowest weighted mean of 1.31.
Further, personality as a factor on students in grade level preference
has influenced the respondents to enroll in their current grade level
with the general weighted mean 3.23.
This denotes that majority of the students believe that attending
practice after class to improve their skills. However, the students will
not going to continue the sports in future because it has negative
impact to them. This suggest that the respondents choose their
attendants in their practice and they choose to develop their time
management skills between their academic and sports with the use of
that they have experienced, that they can apply to their selves in the
future.
According to Santos, Homework and studying are not an excuse
to miss practice. Santos also said that the students athletes believe
that they can able to attend practice and maintain their academics. If
they can’t, then school sports is nit for them.
58
Part 4: Academic Performance of the respondents in the chosen t
rack
Table 7. Description of Grade 7 Students According to their
Grades
GRADE 7
Number of
Student First Grading Grade Description
Student
Very
1 A 91
Satisfactory
Very
2 B 86
Satisfactory
3 C 85 Satisfactory
Very
4 D 90
Satisfactory
Very
5 E 85
Satisfactory
6 F 84 Satisfactory
7 G 82 Satisfactory
8 H 83 Satisfactory
9 I 88 Very
Satisfactory
59
Very
10 J 90
Satisfactory
Very
11 K 86
Satisfactory
12 L 84 Satisfactory
13 M 83 Satisfactory
14 N 84 Satisfactory
Very
15 O 87
Satisfactory
16 P 82 Satisfactory
17 Q 85 Satisfactory
18 R 84 Satisfactory
Very
19 S 86
Satisfactory
Very
20 T 86
Satisfactory
21 U 83 Satisfactory
22 V 81 Satisfactory
23 W 85 Satisfactory
60
Very
24 X 88
Satisfactory
Family
25 Y 77
Satisfactory
Very
General Weighted Mean 85
Satisfactory
Table 7 represents the 25 students from Grade 7 SPS and their
grades as well as the descriptions of the academic performance and
the first grading grade. As shown in the table, student A got the highest
grade of 91 which makes them an outstanding student. Furthermore
only one students is outstanding comprise of 4%, 10 students received
a very satisfactory grade having a 40%, 13 students are satisfactory
and one student family satisfactory. As per of the mean of the grade 7
SPS students which is 85 a very satisfactory grade is achieved.
This implies that Grade 7 SPS students have learned the basic
objective in the subject area and with direction and simulation by the
teacher in progressive in initiative, application of knowledge and
accepting responsibility for learning. This is stated in Section IKAP of
“Policies and Procedures Newport News Public Schools.” NNPS and
Procedures Manual “Procedure and Evaluation of Students Last
revised on 2016.
61
Grades
GRADE 8
Number of First Grading

Student Description
Students Grade
Did Not Meet

1 A 61
Expectation
Did Not Meet

2 B 60
Expectation
Did Not Meet

3 C 70
Expectation
Did Not Meet

4 D 72
Expectation
Did Not Meet

5 E 62
Expectation
Did Not Meet

6 F 62
Expectation
Did Not Meet

7 G 62
Expectation
Did Not Meet

8 H 60
Expectation
62
Did Not Meet

9 I 73
Expectation
Did Not Meet

10 J 60
Expectation
Did Not Meet

11 K 73
Expectation
Did Not Meet

12 L 73
Expectation
Did Not Meet

13 M 69
Expectation
Did Not Meet

14 N 62
Expectation
Did Not Meet

15 O 71
Expectation
Did Not Meet

16 P 70
Expectation
Did Not Meet

17 Q 70
Expectation
Did Not Meet

18 R 61
Expectation
19 S 71 Did Not Meet
63
Expectation
Did Not Meet

20 T 62
Expectation
Did Not Meet

21 U 75
Expectation
Family
22 V 79
Satisfactory
Family
23 W 78
Satisfactory
Family
24 X 76
Satisfactory
25 Y 81 Satisfactory
Family
26 Z 77
Satisfactory
Did Not Meet

27 Aa 63
Expectation
Did Not Meet

28 Bb 65
Expectation
General Weighted Mean 67 Family
Satisfactory
64
Table 8 presents the 28 students from grade 8 and their grades
as well as the descriptions the academic performance and the mean of
their grades for first grading. As shown in the table students 4 gets the
highest grades of 81 which makes him an satisfactory students.
This implies that Grade 8 SPS students did not mastered the
basic objective in the subject area and with direction and simulation by
the teacher in progressive in initiative, application of knowledge and
revised on 2016.
Grades
Grade 9
Number of First Grading

Students Descriptions
students Grade
1 A 90 Outstanding
2 B 91 Outstanding
3 C 88 Very Satisfactory
4 D 80 Satisfactory
5 E 92 Outstanding
65
6 F 90 Outstanding
7 G 90 Outstanding
8 H 91 Outstanding
9 I 93 Outstanding
10 J 93 Outstanding
11 K 93 Outstanding
12 L 94 Outstanding
13 M 87 Very Satisfactory
14 N 93 Outstanding
15 O 92 Outstanding
16 P 94. Outstanding
17 Q 91 Outstanding
18 R 94 Outstanding
19 S 92 Outstanding
20 T 87 Very Satisfactory
21 U 92 Outstanding
22 V 92 Outstanding
23 W 88 Very Satisfactory
24 X 93 Outstanding
25 Y 87 Very Satisfactory
66
General Weighted Mean 91 Outstanding
Table 9 presents 25 students from grade 9 and their grades as
well as description of the academic performance and the mean of their
grades for the first grading grade. As shown in the table, students L, P,
R got the highest grade of 94 which makes them an outstanding
students. Furthermore, there are also outstanding which comprise of
76%, 5 students receive very satisfactory grades having a 20%. One is
satisfactory for this first grading grade. As per the mean of grade 9 sps
students which is 91 outstanding grade is achieve.
This implies that Grade 9 SPS students have mastered the
basic objective in the subject area and with direction and simulation by
the teacher in progressive in initiative, application of knowledge and
revised on 2016.
Grades
Grade 10
Number of Student First Grading Level Description
67
Students
1 A 90 Outstanding
Very
2 B 87
Satisfactory
Very
3 C 89
Satisfactory
4 D 92 Outstanding
5 E 90 Outstanding
6 F 90 Outstanding
Very
7 G 89
Satisfactory
8 H 92 0
9 I 90 0
Very
10 J 89
Satisfactory
11 K 83 Satisfactory
12 L 92 Outstanding
Very
13 M 89
Satisfactory
14 N 90 Outstanding
68
15 O 92 Outstanding
16 P 95 Outstanding
17 Q 91 Outstanding
18 R 92 Outstanding
19 S 92 Outstanding
Very
20 T 87
Satisfactory
21 U 91 Outstanding
Very
22 V 85
Satisfactory
General Weighted Mean 90 Outstanding
TABLE 10 Presents the 22 students from grade 10 sps and their
grades as well as the description of the academic performance of the
mean of their grades for the first grading. As shown in the table student
P gets the highest grades of 95 which make him an outstanding
student. Furthermore, 13 are also outstanding which comprise of
63.64%, seven students received a very satisfactory grade having a
31.82%, and one is satisfactory for this. First grading having a 4.54%
and students K got the lowest grade of 83. As per the mean of the
grade 10 sps students which is 89.86% a very satisfactory grade is
achieved.
69
This implies that Grade 10 SPS students have learned the basic
objective in the subject area and with direction and simulation by the
teacher in progressive in initiative, application of knowledge and
revised on 2016.
Table 11. Distribution of Students Grades According to Grade
Level
Grade Level Mean Description Rank
Grade 7 85 Very Satisfactory 3
Did not meet

Grade 8 69 4
expectation
Grade 9 91 Outstanding 1
Grade 10 90 Outstanding 2
The table above outlines the mean of the student’s grade
according to grade level, rank and general mean. This shows that
Grade 9 & 10 with 91 and 90 mean of students grade is outstanding
which ranked 1 and 2. Grade 7 is very satisfactory with 85 mean of
student’s grade which is ranked 3. But grade 8 obtains the lowest
mean of student’s grade of 69 and gets did not meet the expectation
70
which is ranked 4. Moreover, the general mean of all grades per grade
level which is 84 describes as satisfactory.
This insulates that Grade 9 performs better compares to
students from other grade level because based on this study, the first
priority of grade 9 students is their academic rather than sports. So that
they are the ranked 1 in all grade level.
In this study, “Academic achievement as Influenced by Sports
Participation in Selected Universe in the Philippines” stated that issues
and deliberations concerning sports participation and academic
achievement have been heard for decades. Sports enthusiast was
claiming that participation in any sports help the student athletes to
have “a sound mind and body”. However, some people in the academic
believed that sports participation hindered students ability to excel in
their academic courses because most of their time were allotted into
sports commitments such as training and competition than studying
alone.
Part 5:
Table 11. General Pearson r Value and General Tabular Value per
Grade Level
General Pearson General Tabular

Grade Level Interpretation
r Value Value
71
Accept the null

Grade 7 0.1472 0.2512
hypothesis
Accept the null

Grade 8 -0.1328 0.2512
hypothesis
Accept the null

Grade 9 -0.1211 0.2512
hypothesis
Accept the null

Grade 10 -0.3008 0.2512
hypothesis
There is no
relationship
between the
engagement to
Mean -0.1019 0.2512 sports activities of
junior high school
students to their
academic
performance
Table 11 presents the general Pearson r value and general
value of the grade level as well as the interpretation. The table above
tells that Grade 7 has the highest Pearson r value of 0.1472 and a
general tabular of value of 0.2512 because of this null hypothesis has
72
been accepted. On the other hand, Grade 10 has the lowest pearson r
value of -0.3008 and a general tabular value of 0.2512 which also
mean accept the null hypothesis. The mean for the pearson r for all the
grade level is -0.1019 and a tabular value of the 0.2512. This implies
that there is no relationship between the engagement to sports
activities of junior high school students to their academic performance.
Chapter 5
Summary, Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendations
Summary
This study was conducted to determine the engagement to
sports activities to their academic performance and acquired
experience of these students to Mariveles National High School
Poblacion Class 2018-2019.
Specifically, it seeks to the answer the following.
73
1. What is demographic profile of Junior High School of Academic
Performance?
1.1 sex;
1.2 age and
1.3 gender level?
2. What is the academic performance of the respondents in sports
activities of Junior High school students?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the engagements to
sports activities of junior High School in their Academic Performance?
Findings
Based on the conducted survey, the profile of Junior High
School Students in terms of Age, Gender of the academic year 2018-
2019 were gathered, the researchers found out the following:
1. Fifty four percent 54% of the respondents are male and 46% are
female. Twenty nine percent 29% of the grades 7-10 students are 15
years of age, 18% are 16 years of age, and 16% are 13 years of age,
15% are 12 years of age and 12% are 14 years old.
74
2. Grade 9 and 10 with 90.68 and 89.86 mean of student’s grade is
outstanding which ranked 1 and 2. Grades 7 are very satisfactory with
84.78 mean of students which ranked 3. But grade 8 obtains the lowest
mean of student’s grade of 68.60 and gets did not meet satisfactory
descriptions which descriptions ranked 4. More ever, the general mean
of all the grades per grades level which is 83.48 describes as
satisfactory.
3. All the grade level has Pearson r value that is less than the tabular
value which means that the null hypothesis should be accepted. Grade
9 students have the highest mean of 90.68. On the other hand, Grade
8 students got the lowest mean of 68.60. This implies that grade 9
students is the outstanding because that they can achieve more goal
than grade 7
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the following conclusions are drawn.
1. The big majority of grade 7-10 students of Mariveles National High
School Poblacion class 2018-2019 are male ages of 15.
2. Grade 9 got an outstanding academic performance. Lastly, Grade 8
receives did not meet Expectation description.
75
3. There is no significant relationship between the engagements to
sports activities of junior high school to their academic performance.
Recommendation
1. Researchers in the future may consider other school to determine if
there is more enrolled female student.
2. Orientation of the students maybe enhance by the Guidance
`counselor to help the student in balancing their time in academic and
sport activities.
3. During Junior high school, intervention must be designed to
encourage students to make them more active in sports and academic
performance.
Reference
http://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/
APJEAS-2015-2-144d-Involvement-of-LPU-Students-in-Sports-
Activities.pdf
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-
015-1553-4
76
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-
015-1553-4
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11256-014-0280-y
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131513002108
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3102/0013189X12463051
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pits.21741
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3102/0002831213477680
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11409-015-9135-5
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01443410.2013.794493
77
https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-12-162
https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2254363476
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Relationship-between-
Social-Skills-and-Sports-Lv-Takami/
1c294ea833b5db1f6361212d3487db45f840db4e
https://academic.oup.com/jdsde/article/22/2/143/2547737?
searchresult=1
78
79
APPENDIX 1
REQUEST LETTER
February , 2019
MRS, ZULITA I. VILLONES
School Principal III
San Carlos Street Barangay Poblacion Mariveles, Bataan
Dear Ma’am Villones,
Good day!
We are a group of students from Softnet Information Technology
Center under Accountancy Business Management Grade 12 Section A
who would like to conduct
a research study entitled “The Relationship Between The Engagement
to Sports Activities of Junior High School Student To Their Academic
Performance”.
I would like to ask permission to allow my group to conduct a survey
among your students in your school. Attached herewith is the survey
questionnaire for this study.
The survey would last only for 10-15 minutes and would be arranged at
a time convenient to the student’s schedule. Participation in this survey
is voluntary. All information provided will be kept in outmost
confidentiality and would be used for academic purposes.
80
Your approval to conduct this study will be greatly appreciated. Thank
you in advance for your interest and assistance with this research.
Sincerely, Noted by :
Andrea Mae M. Vallescas Ms, Isabel T. Hao
Research Leader Research Adviser
Accountancy and Business Management
Grade 12 Section A
Approved by:MRS, ZULITA I. VILLONES
81
APPENDIX 2
QUESTIONNAIRE
SOFTNET INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER
SFB #8 2ND FLOOR, FAB Mariveles, Bataan
Accountancy Business and Management Grade 12 Section A
Dear Respondents;
We are group of students from Softnet Information Technology Center
who would like to study the relationship between the engagement to
sports activities of Junior High School students to their academic
performance. Thank you for agreeing to take part in the survey.
Name: (Optional) ____________________________ Sex: _____ Age
: ____
Other Sources of Income: __________ Monthly Total Income:
________
Estimated Income:_____________ Grade&Section:___________
Place a check mark on the space before the option that you have
chosen.
82
What Junior High School Level are you enrolled?
CHOOSE ONE ONLY.
( ) Grade 7
( ) Grade 8
( ) Grade 9
( ) Grade 10
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE 5 4 3 2 1
2. I am having a hard time dealing
with my subjects.
(Nagkakaproblema ako sa
pagharap
sa aking mga aralin.)
4. I want to leave sports because I
did not learn our lesson that I
suppose to learn.
(Gusto kong tumigil sa sports kasi
hindi ko natututunan ang aming
aralin na dapat ay matutunan ko.)
83
6. I am always active in all subjects.
(Lagi akong aktibo sa lahat ng
aking subjects.)
8. I am experiencing problem on my
grades because of my practice
schedule.
(Nakakaranas ako ng problema
sa aking grades dahil sa aking
schedule sa pagsasanay.)
1. I already received a medal by
joining the competition for our
school but I have one failed
subject.
(Nakakuha ako ng medal sa
pagsali sa mga paligsahan para
sa aming paaralan pero meron
akong isang bagsak na subject.
2. I can balance my time between
sports activities and studies.
(Kaya kong balansehin ang aking
oras sa pagitan ng mga aktibidad
84
sa sports at pag aaral.)
3. I am experiencing stress because
I need to maintain my grades
while joining on sports.
(Ako ay nakakaranas ng stress
dahil kailangan kong mapanatili
ang aking mga grado habang
kasali sa sports.)
4. There’s a time that I did not able
to pass my project on time
because of my practice schedule.
(May oras na hindi ko napapasa
ang aking proyekto sa oras ng
dahil sa aking schedule ng
pagsasanay.
5. I am attending my practice after
my class.
(Ako ay pumupunta sa aking
pagsasanay pagkatapos ng aking
klase.)
6. I will pursue my sports after I
graduate and will not continue my

85
study.
(Ipagpapatuloy ko ang aking sport
at hindi ko na ipagpapatuloy ang
aking pag aaral.)
7. I am happy and contented with
my grades and sports.
(Masaya at kuntento ako sa aking
grado sa sports.)
1. I enhance my skills and knowledge
in-terms sports and academic
performance.
(Napahusay ko ang aking abilidad
at kaalaman sa pamamagitan ng
sports at academic performance.)
2. I am confident that I am ahead to
my other classmates because I
excel in my sssssssssssstudies
and sports.
(Ako ay naniniwala na ako ay
lamang sa aking mga kamag aral
dahil ako ang nangunguna sa pag

86
aaral at sports.)
87
88
89

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SOFNET INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CENTER

THE STUDY AND ITS SETTING

sports, such as learning to focus and to improvise, could improve you

academic performance.” (Natalie Gil)

Nowadays, most of the students was conscious about their grades

that’s why some of students wants to join to any extra-curricular

activities one of these is the sports activities, that’s the researcher

matter. To get high grades in joining sports activities, students can

impact on cognitive skills and attitudes and academic behavior, all of

each are important components of improve in academic performances

classes often times being an athlete is never been easy, specially

when taking an examination on the day of your competition but if you’re

competition because it’s better to finished your study than to compete

own ability that can’t be disregarded. That researcher conducts the

study to balance the strength and knowledge of the students. As a

researcher, we hope that the students become more attainable and

aggressive to become successful someday. The researcher are hoping

for the success of this study

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

The first frame of the conceptual framework presents the

independent variable which is the engagement of Junior High School

students to their sports activities.

Finally, The second frame is the dependent variable that is the

academic performance of the student in first grading grade.

Statement of the Problem

This study generally aim to determine the relationship between

the engagement to sports activities of junior high school to their

Specially shall seeks answer to the following question:

1. What is the demographic profile of junior high school in their

1.2 age and

1.3 grade level?

2. What is the Academic Performance of the respondent in sport

activities of junior high school?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the engagement to sports

activities of junior high school in their academic performance?

There is no significant relationship between the engagement to

sports activities of junior high school student to their academic

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The research would highlight on how the relationship between

the engagement to sports activities of junior high school students to

their academic performance

The research included the socio-demographic profiles of grade 7

data was limited to the grade 7 to grade 10 students of Mariveles

National High School Poblacion only with the use of Pearson

The academic performance of grade 7 to grade 10 students is limited

only to the first grading grades.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be able to contribute research based data and

knowledge on the possible relationship between the engagement to

sport activities of Junior high school students to their academic

performance. Furthermore, the society in general can make informed

decisions that are relevant to this area.

More specifically, this study shall beneficial to the various groups of

innovative and knowledgeable about academic performance of junior

programs of Department of Education (DepEd) that will be beneficial to

both the learners and teachers.

Students- the findings of these study would benefit and encourage

give achievements to their parents and to make them proud.

students. It would help them to be able to understand the students on

athlete and as students.

pursue meaningful careers.

Mariveles National High-school Poblacion- This is where the results

of the study shall serve as reference to helps special programs to

sports and the school is still well-known.