Exercises From pages 51 to 53

1. (a) (i) According to the graph:

1
2
2 ≈ 1.4

1.4

1
2
(iii)

1.5
2 ≈ 2.8

2.8

1.5
(ii)

0.8
2 ≈ 1.73

1.73

0.8
(iv) 2− √ 2 ≈ 0.4
(b) (i) If 2 x =3, in the graph, we must find the value of x that makes the function
f ( x )=2 x to be 3.

x ≅ 1.6

(ii) If 2 x =0.6, in the graph, we must find the value of x that makes the function
x
f ( x )=2 to be 0.6 .

x ≅−0.75

(c) To determine the supposed value of x that makes 2 x =0, we should find where
the function values 0. That does not happen as in y=0 there is a horizontal
asymptote.

2. a. As y=2x has an equation as y=a x with a> 1, the graph must be increasing
along the whole domain. It will also pass through the point P=(0,1). So, it is
function B or C. Comparing functions y=2x and y=10 x , that highest the value
of a the steeper the function is. Therefore, this function must be C.
b. As y=10 x has an equation as y=a x with a> 1, the graph must be increasing
along the whole domain. It will also pass through the point P=(0,1). So, it is
 function B or C. Comparing functions y=10 x and y=10 x , that highest the value
of a the steeper the function is. Therefore, this function must be B.
c. If we consider f ( x )=5 x , f ( x ) has an equation as y=a x with a> 1, the graph
must be increasing along the whole domain. It will also pass through the point
P=(0,1). Considering our function to be g ( x )=−f (x), a symmetry with the OX
has been applied. So, it must be the graph E.
d. As y= ()1 x
3
has an equation as y=a x with 0< a<1, the graph must be
decreasing along the whole domain, and above the asymptote y=0. It will also
pass through the point P=(0,1). The graph must be A.
e. If we consider f ( x()
) =
1 x
2
, f ( x ) has an equation as y=a x with 0< a<1, the
graph must be decreasing along the whole domain and above the horizontal
asymptote y=0. It will also pass through the point P=(0,1). Considering our
function to be g ( x )=−f (x), a symmetry with the OX has been applied. So, it
must be the graph D.

1. f

−x
y=3.5−a

2=3.5−a−(−1 )

2=3.5−a

a=3.5−2=1.5