UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE-REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
IFAKARA TOWN COUNCIL
PRE-MORK MARKING SCHEME
PHYSICS 1
1.
I ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x
A D C C B A D D D C
@ 001marks (total
10)
2.
i ii iii iv v
C E D F A
@ 001marks
(total 5)

SECTION B
3. (a) This because pressure in solid depends on area the smaller the area the large the
pressure, a girl will cause damage because of her shoes has small area it will create large
pressure to the wooden floor easily than an elephant whose foot has large area and create
a smaller pressure to the wooden floor. (4marks)
(b) The following are the areas where a siphon is applied:
(i) It is used in the toilet as flash flushing cisterns (chain and ball tank).the flush is trigged by
a handle that operate a simple diaphragm like piston pump that lift enough
water.(𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐 marks)
(ii) It is used in rain gauge called siphon rain gauge which are able to automatically drain
water out. .(𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐 marks)
(iii) It is used in a gun as a siphon cup reservoir. .(𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐 marks)
(iv) It can be used in siphon drainage systems to drain water from one point to another.
.(𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐 marks)
4. (a) A bat can detect /hear a sound called ultrasonic which has small frequency of about 20HZ
and it is impossible for human being to detect/hear such sound so, the reflected sound
𝟏
(echoed) tells a bat that there is an obstacle in front. (𝟎𝟑 𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)

𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (b) (i)

𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒗
Displacement between two boys(𝑠) = 200𝑚
𝟏
Time (t)= 0.6𝑠 (00𝟐 marks)
Let (𝑣) 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑖𝑟
Formula
𝑠 𝟏
𝑣=𝑡 ( 𝟎𝟎 𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
200 𝟏
𝑣 = ( 0.6 )𝑚/𝑠 (00𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
𝑣 = 333.3𝑚/𝑠
𝑣~333𝑚/𝑠
𝑣 = 333𝑚/𝑠

Page 1 of 6
 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝒎
∴ 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅 𝒊𝒏 𝒂𝒊𝒓 𝒊𝒔 = (𝟎𝟎𝟏𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
𝒔
𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒏𝒃 (𝒊𝒊)
𝟏
The second sound detected at time (t)= (0.6 + 0.25)𝑠 (00 mark)
𝟐
𝑡 = 0.85𝑠 (From A to N and from N to B (let =y) from the cliff.
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 𝐶𝑁 = 𝑁𝐷 = 100𝑚
1 𝟏
Time taken from A to N= 2 × 0.85𝑠 (𝟎𝟎 𝟐mark)
𝑡 = 0.45𝑠
Distance
𝐴𝑁 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 × 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝐴𝑁 = 333𝑚/𝑠 × 0.45𝑠
𝐴𝑁 = 141. 𝑚 (00𝟏𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
From Pythagoras theorem
The perpendicular distance
X=√𝐴𝑁 2 − 𝐶𝑁 2
𝟏
𝑋 = (√141.62 − 1002 ) m ( 𝟎𝟎 𝟐mark)
𝑋 = (√10050. 56) m
𝑋 = 100.25𝑚
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑦𝑠 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑓 𝑖𝑠 100.25𝑚(𝟎𝟎𝟏 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)

Solution
5. (a) No they might travel in different directions, since velocity is a speed in a specific
direction.(𝟎𝟔𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
Solution (b)
Data given
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒(𝐹) = 400𝑁
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 (𝑚) = 200𝑘𝑔
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑎) Required (001mark)
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (001mark)
400𝑁 = 200𝑘𝑔 × 𝑎
400
200
=𝑎 (001mark)
2
𝑎 = 2𝑚/𝑠
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑠 2𝑚/𝑠 2 (001 mark)

6. (a) The main difference is that in bicycle dynamo the magnet rotates while in direct current
dynamo the coil rotates while magnets are stationary. (004mark)

Solution (b) (i)

Data given
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙(𝑁𝑃 ) = 2400𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠
𝑒. 𝑚. 𝑓 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙(𝑉𝑆 ) = 12𝑉
𝑒. 𝑚. 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙(𝑉𝑃 ) = 240𝑉
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙(𝑁𝑆 = 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 (001mark)
Formula
𝑁𝑆 𝐸 𝟏
𝑁𝑃
= 𝐸𝑆 (𝟎𝟎 𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝑃
𝑁𝑆 12𝑉
=
2400 240𝑉
2400×12𝑉 𝟏
𝑁𝑆 = (00 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
240𝑉 𝟐
𝑁𝑆 = 120 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠
∴ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑖𝑠 120𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠 (001mark)

Page 2 of 6
 Solution b (ii)
Given that the current flowing through the primary coil is 1.50mA
Assuming that the transformer is 100% efficiently
𝟏
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑢𝑡 (00𝟐 mark)
𝟏
𝐼𝑃 𝑉𝑃 = 𝐼𝑆 𝑉𝑆 (00𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝐼𝑃𝑉𝑃
𝐼𝑆 =
𝑉𝑆
0.15𝐴×240𝑉
𝐼𝑆 = 12𝑉
(001mark)
𝐼𝑆 = 3𝐴
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑖𝑠 3𝐴 (001mark)

7. (a) Anomalous expansion of water is that water contracts when it is cooled to 4℃ where it
stops to contract while any other substance keeps on contracting at below 4℃ , below this
temperature water expands. (003marks)
(i) The bottle cracks due to the anomalous expansion of water. When water and
bottle are cooled both contracts down to 4℃, water then stops contracting
and expands as temperature falls while the bottle keeps on contracting
𝟏
while water expands. as the results the bottle cracks. (03𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
(ii) Ice at 0℃cools a drink better than the same amount of water at 0℃ because
ice receives latent heat of fusion from the drink so that it changes to water
at 0℃. Water at 0℃ has already received latent heat of fusion from another
𝟏
source beside the drink. . (03 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
𝟐

8. (a) the following are the conditions for the force creating couples to balance:
(i) Clockwise moment must be equal to anticlockwise moment.(002marks)
(ii) Total upward force must be equal to total downward forces.
(002marks)

Solution (b)

(002marks)

From the diagram above

𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑋 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑌 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑
𝟏
𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = (80𝑔 × 40𝑐𝑚) + (90𝑔 × 50𝑐𝑚) (𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝟐
= 3200𝑔𝑐𝑚 + 4500𝑔𝑐𝑚
𝟏
𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 7700𝑔𝑐𝑚 (𝟎𝟎 𝟐 (𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)

Page 3 of 6
 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑌 × 100𝑐𝑚 (𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑋𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑑)

𝑖𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑢𝑚:
𝐴𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑌 × 100𝑐𝑚 = 7700𝑔𝑐𝑚
7700𝑔𝑐𝑚
𝑌=
100𝑐𝑚
𝟏
𝑌 = 77𝑔 (𝟎𝟎 𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑢𝑝𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠
𝑋 + 𝑌 = 80𝑔 + 90𝑔
𝟏
𝑋 + 𝑌 = 170𝑔 ( 𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝟐
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑌 = 77𝑔
𝑋 + 77𝑔 = 170𝑔
𝑋 = 170𝑔 − 77𝑔
𝑋 = 93𝑔
∴ 𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐨𝐧 𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐡 𝐬𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐚𝐭 𝐗 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐘 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝟗𝟑𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝟕𝟕𝐠 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐲 (𝟎𝟎𝟏 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐤)

SECTION C (ONLY TWO (2) QUESTIONS MUST BE MARKED)

9. (a) The Archimedes principle states that;’ when a body is partially or totally
immersed in fluid it experiences an upthrust which is equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced’.(004mark)
(b) Hydrometer floats higher in dense liquids while it floats deeper in less dense
liquids. The numbers show the relative density of the substance.(004mark)
Solution c
𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛
𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑅. 𝐷) = 0.8
𝟏
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟(𝑙𝑤 ) = 8𝑐𝑚 (𝟎𝟎 )
𝟐
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙(𝑙𝑎 ) = 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 (𝑙𝑤 )
𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑅. 𝐷) = (𝟎𝟎𝟏)
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙(𝑙𝑎 )
𝐿𝑤
𝑅. 𝐷 =
𝐿𝑎
8𝑐𝑚
0.8 = (𝟎𝟎𝟏𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌)
𝐿𝑎
8𝑐𝑚
𝐿𝑎 =
0.8
= 10𝑐𝑚
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 10𝑐𝑚 (𝟎𝟎𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)

Page 4 of 6
10. (a) The following are the applications of thermal expansion of solid.
(i) Used in construction of roads.
(ii) Used in constructions of Bridges.
(iii) Used in constructions of roofs of houses.
(iv) Used in constructions of over heading telephone.(0𝟏𝟏𝟐 @) total of (006 marks)
(b). Holes are left below the chimney of kerosene lamp or kitchen in order to allow
soot to go away and air to enter in order to support combustion.(002 marks)
Solution(c)
𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛
𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟(𝑑𝑜 = 150𝑐𝑚
𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝜃1 = 10℃
𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝜃2 = 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 (001 marks)
𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑1 = 151𝑐𝑚
𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝛼 = 0.000011/𝑘
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎
d1 −do
α = d (θ −θ ) (001 marks)
o 2 1
151−150 𝟏
0.000011 = 150(θ (0𝟎 𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
2 −10)
1 = 0.000011× 150(θ2 − 10)
1
θ2 = ( ) + 10
0.00165
(606.01 + 10)℃
616.01℃
𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 616℃ (002 marks)

11. (a) The following are the ways used to remove the electron from the surface of a
body
(i) By friction (static electricity)
(ii) Heat (thermionic emission )
(iii) Light (photo electric effect) (@ 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐 marks) total 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟐 marks)

Solution (b)
The following is a diagram of a thermionic diode

(03marks)
Solution c
Data given
Half life= 1600yrs
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 × ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑒
6400𝑦𝑟𝑠 = 1600 × 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 (001 marks)

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 6400
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 =
1600
∴ 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 = 4 (001 marks)
By using splitting method
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
− − − − (𝟎𝟎𝟏𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
1 2 4 8 16
(1) (2) (3) (4)
𝑁
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒
16
𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒
𝑁 𝑁 16 − 1
− =
1 16 16
15
=
16
15
∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑤𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑠 (𝟎𝟎𝟐 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
16

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