CBSE VIII

Time Allowed: 1:15 Hours SQUARES AND SQUARE ROOTS Marks: 30

SOLUTIONS
1. Find the Pythagorean triplet whose smallest member is 12.
Solution:
For every natural number m > 1, (2m, m2 – 1, m2 + 1) is a Pythagorean triplet.
Putting 2m = 12, we get m = 6.
Thus, we get the triplet (12, 35, 37)

2. Evaluate: [(337)2 – (336)2].

Solution:
We have (n + 1)2 – n2 = (n + 1) + n.
Taking n = 336 and (n + 1) = 337, we get
(337)2 – (336)2 = (337 + 336) = 673.
3. Is 6202 a perfect square? .
Solution:
Resolving 6292 into prime factors, we get
6292 = 2 x 2 x 11 x 11 x 13 = (22 x 112 x 13)
Thus, 6292 cannot be expressed as a product of pairs of equal factors.
Hence, 6292 is not a perfect square.

4. Using the identity (a + b)2 = (a2 + 2ab + b2), evaluate: 7252

Solution:
(725)2 = (700 + 25)2
= (700)2 + 2 x 700 x 25 + (25)2
= (490000 + 35000 + 625)
= 525625.

5. By what least number should 6300 be divided to get a perfect square number? Find the number
whose square is the new number.
Solution:
Resolving 6300 into prime factors, we get
6300 = 3 x 3 x 7 x 5 x 5 x 2 x 2 = (32 x 7 x 52 x 22).
Thus, to get a perfects square number, the given number should be divided by 7.
New number obtained = (32 x 52 x 22) = (3 x 5 x 2)2 = (30)2
Hence, the number whose square is the new number = 30.
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6. By what least number should 3675 be multiplied to get a perfect square number? Also, find the
number whose square is the new number.
Solution:
Resolving 3675 into prime factors, we get
3675 = 3 x 5 x 5 x 7 x 7 = (3 x 52 x 72).
Thus, to get a perfect square number. The given number should be multiplied by 3.
New number = (32 x 52 x 72) = (3 x 5 x 7)2 = (105)2.
Hence, the number of whose square is the new number 1= 15

7. In an auditorium, the number of rows is equal to the number of chairs in each row. If the capacity of
the auditorium is 2025. Find the number of chairs in each row?
Solution:
Let the number of chairs in each row be x.
Then, the number of rows = x
Total number of chairs in the auditorium = (x × x) = x2
But, the capacity of the auditorium = 2025 (Given)
x2 = 2025 = 5 x 5 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3
x = (5 x 3 x 3) = 45
Hence, the number of chairs in each row = 45

8. Find the least square number divisible by each one of 8, 9 and 10.
Solution:
The least number divisible by each one of 8, 9, 10 is their LCM.
Now, LCM of 8, 9, 10 = (2 x 4 x 9 x 5) = 360
By prime factorization, we get
360 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 5
To make it a perfect square it must be multiplied by (2 x 5), i.e., 10.
Hence, required number = (360 x 10) = 3600.
9. What least number must be subtracted from 7250 to get a perfect square? Also, find the square root
of this perfect square.
Solution:
Let us try to find the square root of 7250.
This shows that (85)2 is less than 7250 by 25.
So, the least number to be subtracted from 7250 is 25.
Required perfect square number = (7250 - 25) = 7225
And, 7225 = 85

10. Evaluate: 10609

Solution:
Marking periods and using the long-division method, we have:
10609 = 103
11. Find the greatest number of four digits which is a perfect square.
Solution:
Greatest number of four digits = 9999
Let us try to find the square root of 9999.
This shows that (99)2 is less than 9999 by 198.
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So, the least number to be subtracted is 198.

Hence, the required number is (9999 - 198) = 9801

12. What least number must be added to 5607 to make the sum a perfect square? Find this perfect square
and its square root.
Solution: We try to find out the square root of 5607.
(Division)
We observe here that (74) < 5607 < (75)2.
2

The required number to be added = (75)2 – 5607 = (5625 - 5607) = 18

Clearly, the required perfect square = 5625 and 5625 = 75.
13. Evaluate: 6.4009
Solution:
Using the division method we may find the square root of the given number as shown below.
6.4009 = 2.53

56
14. Find the square root of 1
169
56 225
Solution: 1 =
169 169
56 225 225
1 = =
169 169 169
We find the square roots of 225 and 169 separately, as given below.
56 225 225 15 2
225 = 15 and 169 = 13 1 = = = =1
169 169 169 13 13

15. Find the value of 45 x 20

Solution:
45 x 20 = 45  20 = 3  3  5  2  2  5 = (3 x 2 x 5) = 30

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