:GOVERNMENT OF NAWAZ:

The following are three government of Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif

are given below:

1. Nawaz Sharif First government (1st November 1990 to 18th July

1993).
2. Nawaz Sharif Second government (17th February 1997 to 12th
October 1999).
3. Nawaz Sharif Third government (2013 to 2018)

NAWAZ FIRST GOVERNMENT(1990-1993):

GENERAL ELECTIONS:

CHAMBER:

National Assembly

Date of Elections/renewal(from/to):

On 24th October 1990.

RESULTS OF ELECTIONS:

Round no 1 (29 October 1990): Elections results

Number of registered electors 47,065,330
Voters 231,568
Valid votes 21,163,911
Round no 1: Distribution of votes
Political Group Candidates Votes %
Islamic Democratic Alliance (IDA) 154 7,908,513 37.37
People’s Democratic Alliance (PDA) 182 7,795,218 36.83
Muhajir Quaumi Movement 24 1,172,525 5.54
Independents 716 2,179,956 10.30
Other parties 256 2,107,699 9.96

Round no 1: Distribution of seats

Political Group Total*
Islamic Democratic Alliance (IDA) 106
People’s Democratic Alliance (PDA) 44
Muhajir Quaumi Movement 15
Independents 22
Other parties 20
Comments:
* Of directly-elected members.

Distribution of seats according to sex:

Men: 215
Women: 2
NAWAZ ELECTED PM:

Ghulam Ishaq Khan President of Pakistan nominated Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif as a
Prime Minister of Pakistan with 153 votes.

Ghulam Ishaq Khan was also the member of (IJI).

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT:

After the elections of 1990, Islami Jamhoori Ittehad managed to form government at the center
as well as in all the four provinces.

PUNJAB:

 In Punjab , the make Islamic Jhumoori Itehad (IJI) government and elected
 Ghulam Hyder Whyin as a chef minister.

SINDH:

 In Sindh , they make Conlition government conlition (government means itehadi

government)
 In conlition government PDA wins 24 seat and MQM win 15 seats
 Jam Sadiq Ali was the chief minister of conlition government.

NWFP:

 In NWFP, they make conlition government (itehadi government) with ANP

independence members
 Mir Muhammad Afzal was the chief minister of conlition government in NWFP.

BALOCHISTAN:

 In Balochistan, they make conlition government (itehadi government)

EXPLANATION:
 Even in Sindh, Jam Sidiq was able to block the Peoples Democratic Alliance, which won 46
seats in the house of 100, from establishing its ministry. He gathered the support of all the
elected independent candidates as well as those from MQM. This paved the way for Nawaz
Sharif, the newly elected Prime Minister to operate with comfort and ease. The backing of the
President Ghulam Ishaq and the civil-military bureaucracy made things further easier for him.
Nawaz Sharif’s major focus was on the developmental project especially in Punjab and hill
resorts of Pakistan.

ECONOMIC REFERMS OF NAWAZ:

According to economic reforms ordinance in April 1991:

 Privatization of Nationalized Industries

 Free movement of foreign exchange in and out in country

PRIVATIZATION OF NATIONALIZED INDUSTRIES:

Prime minister Nawaz Sharif on 22 July 1991 lauched the privatization program in a sense
to promote private ownership, free –market economic policy and the main goal to attract
foreign minister to the country.

For any economy, privatisation is important because it creates jobs and builds a healthy
competition in the market. Privatisation works for maximising profit by improving the
standards of customer services and goods.

ECONOMIC POLICY OF NAWAZ:

The following are the economic policies of Nawaz are given below:

 Initiated policy on privatization and economic liberalization

 Improved nations infrastructure
 His economic policies were based on:
 Fiscal conservatism
 Supply side –Economics
 Religious Conservatism
 Science policy
 Nuclear policy

ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION:
 Nawaz Sharif self-assertively move forward toward the privatization ,deregulation and
liberalization of private sector” he wanted to convert Pakistan into korea by encouraging
private saving and investment to accelerate economic growth.

FISCAL CONSERVATISM:

Pakistan does not currently mobilize sufficient tax revenue to finance essential public
services, including healthcare and education, on which the poor rely the most. Consequently,
these services remain inadequate, hampering efforts to reduce poverty and address extreme
inequalities.

SCIENCE POLICY:

In 1991 he was working on the policy of science .he look forward to the government
of science and give them projects under his authority.in 1991 he get authority the Pakistan
Antarctic Program under the scientific directions of National Institute of Oceanography (NIO),
with the Pakistan Navy's Weapons Engineering Division, and first established the Jinnah
Antarctic Station and Polar Research Cell. Pakistan became an associate member of the
Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research in 1992.

NUCLEAR POWER:

Nawaz made the nuclear weapons and energy program one of his top priorities. He
expanded the nuclear energy program, and continued an atomic program while following a
policy of deliberate nuclear ambiguity.

This resulted in a nuclear crisis with the United States which tightened its embargo on Pakistan
in December 1990 and reportedly offered substantial economic aid to halt the country's
uranium enrichment program. Responding to US embargo, Nawaz announced that Pakistan had
no atomic bomb, and would sign the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty if India did as well. The
embargo blocked plans for a French-built nuclear power plant, so Nawaz's advisors intensively
lobbied the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which allowed China to establish
CHASNUPP-I nuclear power plant and upgrade KANUPP-I. Nawaz's nuclear policy was
considered less aggressive towards India with its focus on public usage through nuclear power
and medicine, viewed as a continuation of the US Atoms for Peace programme.[by whom?] In
1993, Nawaz established the Institute of Nuclear Engineering (INE) to promote his policy for the
peaceful use of nuclear energy.

CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDAMENT:

He first insisted on the enforcement of his opinion during the Gulf War, then he
interfered in the process of the selection of Army Chiefs, and ultimately he tried to bring
Constitutional Amendment to restrict the powers of the President given under the 8th
Amendment. This was not acceptable for Ishaq Khan and the forces behind him. Nawaz Sharif
also developed differences with his close political allies including Jamaat-i-Islami and MQM.
Moreover, he was not able to fulfill his election promise of strengthening the economy by
enforcing legal and administrative reforms, deregulation and denationalization, foreign-
exchange and payment reforms, taxation reforms, etc.

:IMPORTANT EVENTS ON HIS FIRST TERM:

1.Announcement of Agricultural Policy:

Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif government announced Agricultural Policy for the
betterment of the farmers in 1991. 10 crore rupees were allocated for this policy .

2. Privatization Commission:

The government constituted Privatization Commission in 1991. Official banks and financial
institutions were reformed accordingly. Banks in private sector were encouraged. Some banks
and other institutions were sold out through this Privatization Commission which created a
positive impact on the national economy

3. Agreement among provinces on water distribution:

A moot dispute was going on the water distribution of the River Indus among the four
provinces of Pakistan. Through the efforts of the government, an agreement was signed among
the provinces and the dispute of water was resolved forever.

4. Baitul Maal

The government of Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif established Baitul Maal in 1992 which
provided financial help and aid for the poor.

5.Foreign Policy:

The government brought many positive changes in its foreign policy. Peace was brought in
Afghanistan through negotiation with different Afghan leaders. Efforts were continued for
patching up among different groups. India was officially invited for resolving Kashmir issue, but
these negotiations were not successful. When extremists Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif 19 in
India demolished Babri Mosque in 1992, National Assembly of Pakistan passed a condemnation
resolution. The government of Pakistan made its best efforts for establishing good relations
with America and the rest of the world. Pakistan adopted a defensive policy at the American
invasion of Iraq
6.National plans:

The government started national schemes like National Construction Programme,

SelfEmployment Scheme, Motorway Project and Yellow Cab Scheme for betterment of
people which proved to be quite successful.

GDP RATE:

Year GDP growth GDP (trillions)

1990 1.86% $5.5

1991 -0.26% $5.9

1992 3.4% $6.3

$6.6
1993 2.87%

BCCI SCANDAL:

Nawaz Sharif held to his conviction that the solution to Pakistan's political problems was free-
market reform and economic growth, so he liberalized foreign-exchange regulations and
denationalized public-sector industrial enterprises and financial institutions. Furthermore,
government approval was no longer required for the establishment of new industrial
enterprises (with some exceptions, particularly in relation to arms and explosives). A number of
important industries such as electricity generation, shipping, airlines, highway construction, and
telecommunications were opened up to the private sector. Although there was support for
liberalizing and privatizing the economy, there was considerable criticism of the process of
implementation. Some critics feared that moving too fast could produce turmoil, with the
resultant demand for renationalization. Other critics asked for protection for the more
vulnerable groups in society who would not be able to compete in a free market. The
government's ability to focus effectively on and deal with these problems was weakened by its
involvement with the Pakistan Cooperative Societies and the Bank of Credit and Commerce
International (BCCI) financial scandals.

APRIL 17,1993:

On April 17, 1993, when Nawaz Sharif in his television address to the nation openly
declared that he would prefer to be a “martyr” than to “surrender” before the establishment.
He added, “I will not resign, I will not dissolve the assembly and I will not accept dictation.” As
expected, on the very next day, the president dismissed Nawaz Sharif and dissolved the
assembly, by using power given to him under article 58-2b of the constitution. Sardar Mir Balkh
Sher Mazari became the caretaker Prime Minister and Asif Ali Zardari was inducted into the
cabinet.

JULY 14 ,1993:

Mazari announced that the next General Elections would be held on July 14, 1993.
Political opportunists like Hamid Nasir Chatta, Manzoor Watto, Anwar Saifullah, etc. left the
sinking boat of Nawaz Sharif and joined Ishaq Khan’s Camp. Nevertheless, Nawaz Sharif was
now not ready to give up. He filed a petition in the Supreme Court of Pakistan in which he
termed the president’s action as an act of revenge. Eleven members full bench, headed by Chief
Justice Nasim Hasan Shah, gave a verdict in favor of Nawaz Sharif on May 26 and restored the
assemblies as well as his government.

18TH APRIL 1993:

The decision, which reads, “On merits, by a majority (10 to 1) we hold that the orders of
18th April 1993, passed by the President of Pakistan is not within the ambit of the powers
conferred on the President under Article 58 (2-b) of the constitution and other enabling powers
available to him in that behalf and has, therefore, been passed without lawful authority and is
of no legal effect”, was a landmark as it went against the doctrine of necessity, which was
prevailing since 1954.

MAJOR ISSUES IN FIRST GOVERNMENT:

The following are the major issue of first government are given below:

 Golf war
 Operation clean up (Jinnah Pur)
 Yellow cab scheme scandal
 Islamization policy
 Cooperative Socities scandals
 Opposition criticism of its Punjab

ACHIEVEMENTS OF NAWAZ SHARIF:

The following are the acheivements of Nawaz sharif are given below:

 Lahore Islamabad motorway project.

 Establishment of national Highway Authority
 Control drug smuggling and trafficking
 Gazhi-Baroth hydropower plant project
DISMISS OF NAWAZ GOVERNMENT:

The government's chief opposition, Benazir and the PPP, criticized Nawaz Sharif's
efforts at privatization, calling them the "loot and plunder" of Pakistan and saying his plan
favored large investors and ran roughshod over labor. Benazir was also critical of the
government's Islamization policies and continued to allege that the 1990 elections, which
brought Nawaz Sharif's government to power, were fraudulent. In late 1992, she tried to
organize widespread protest marches against the government. In response, Nawaz Sharif
banned Benazir from two of the country's largest cities and ordered police measures against
her supporters.

Benazir ultimately did not muster enough demonstrators throughout the country to threaten
the government. However, Nawaz Sharif's actions, in the eyes of some, made him appear too
willing to espouse repressive measures rather than adhere to democratic principles.
Subsequently, relations between Nawaz Sharif and Benazir appeared to soften somewhat. He
reportedly ceased calling her an "enemy of Pakistan," and Benazir abandoned her
demonstrations designed to topple Nawaz Sharif's government through street power.

The ruling coalition appeared to weaken by early 1993. The four major powers in Pakistan
continued to be the president, the military, Nawaz Sharif's IJI government, and the PPP
opposition led by Benazir. Reports of a growing rift between Nawaz Sharif and Ishaq Khan
became more commonplace. The military--which never had an overt constitutional role in the
government but which had historically been a key player in the formation and dismissal of
governments--was closely and nervously monitored by observers.

:SECOND GOVERNMENTOF NAWAZ SHARIF(17th February 1997 to 12th October 1999):

CHAMBER:

National Assembly

Date of Elections/renewal(from/to):

17th February 1997 to 12th October 1999

HOW SECOND GOVERNMNET FORMED

: By 1996, continuous large-scale corruption by the government of Benazir Bhutto had

deteriorated the country's economy, which was nearing failure. In the 1997 parliamentary
elections, Sharif and the PML-N won an overwhelming victory, with an exclusive mandate from
across Pakistan. It was hoped that Sharif would deliver on promises to provide a stable
conservative government and improve overall conditions. Sharif was sworn as prime minister
on 17 February

1997 ELECTIONS:

The election for Prime Minister took place on 17 February 1997. Nawaz Sharif was confirmed as
prime minister by the National Assembly receiving 177 votes against 16 for the PPP candidate
Aftab Shaban Mirani. He took office on 18 February with a new cabinet named on 26 February.

PARTY SHARES VOTES:

PMLN 46.8% 8,751,793

PPP 21.7% 4,152,209

HPG 4% 764,207

PMLJQ 2.3% 456,020

IND 14.2% 2,719237

OTHERS 11.9% 2,284,738

EXPLANATION:

 On 3 feb 1997, general elections were held and PMLN got majority of seats in national
assembly
 Nawaz Sharif took auth and vote of confidence from national assembly on 18 feb 1997
 PMLN got 137 seats while PPP got 18 seats in national assembly
 As majority of seats gain by PMLN so they got the chance to make the government
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT:

 PML-N formed a coalition federal government with MQM and ANP on 18 feb 1997
 According to the constitution of Pakistan in National Assembly if any party gain majority
of seat then they need vote of confidence from National Assembly more then 50%.

FEDREAL GOVERNMENT:

PUNJAB:

 In Punjab , PML-N got majority vote and formed the government.

 Shahbaz Sharif was the chief minister of Punjab.

SINDH:

 In Sindh, PML-N formed coalition government with MQM

 Liaqat Ali Jatoi was chirf minister of Sindh

NWFP:

 In NWFP, PML-N formed coalinition government with ANP.

 Mathab Awais was the chief minister of NWFP.

BALOCHISTAN:

In Balochistan, not all party gain the majority so coalition government is made.

Akhtar Mengal was a chierf minister of balochistan.

:CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT:

There are following constitutional development happen in his era:

Thirteen Amendments:

 It was passed on 4 April 1997. According to this the 58 (2) B Article was removed.
 Article 58 (2)B add by Zia ul Haq by 8 Amendment. Mean power of president was
finished, by this law president of Pakistan dissolved the Assembly at any time president
powers were removed powers were given to prime minister.
 112 (2) B article was also removed. According to this the governer dissolved the
provincial Assembly. This is also inserting by zia ul Haq by 8 Amendment.

Fourteen Amendment:

 It was passed on 3 July 1997.

  New Article 63 A was introduced.
 Qualification of Parliamentary party was fixed.
 It allowed members of parliament to be dismissed if there is any case on them.

FIFTEEN Amendment:

 On 28 August 1998 the bill was introduced. But pass from national Assembly on 9 0ct
1998. According to this the Holy Quran and Sunnah shall be supreme law of Pakistan.
 But this Amendment has not gain Approval from the senate and president and
president.

SIXTEEN Amendment:

 This bill was passed in 1999.

 It extend the time period of Quota system from (20 to 40) years.

New President of Pakistan:

 On 2 December 1997, Farooq Laghari resigned from presidential ship due to some
reason.
 Rafique Tarar is the Chairman of senate, first he was acting president but on he took
oath as the new president on 1 January 1998.

:ECONOMIC POLICY:
His economic policy was three-pronged. First, he quickly moved for liberalisation of trade,
capital and services accounts. Restrictions on the procurement of foreign exchange were done
away with quickly. Citizens were no more required to obtain permission of the State Bank for
issuance of foreign currency. Pakistan also announced unilateral trade liberalisation measures,
helping to re-start industrialisation. Sharif also opened up the services sector and started with
the telecom liberalisation policy, though not much progress was observed during his first
tenure.

MCB BANK:

A hallmark of his first tenure was wholesale privatisation, when dozens of state-owned
enterprises were privatised in quick succession starting from the Muslim Commercial Bank
(now MCB Bank).

FOREIGN POLICY:

1) Feb 1997 visted china attract investmant

2) 1997 signed trilateral free trade agreement with Malaysia and Sigapore.
 3) Jan 1998 sighned Bilateral economic agreement with south korea
4) Signed agreement with Italy, Belgium, and Europeun Union.
5) 1998 Neucieur test... international response Trade Agreements
6) 1998 India-Pakistan agreement for peace
7) 19 Feb 1999 Atal bihari waipayee visted pakistan
8) 21-Feb Lahore Declaration.

In the late 1990s, Pakistan’s economic situation continued to deteriorate. Sanctions imposed by
the West in response to the detonation of nuclear devices by Pakistan exacerbated the crisis,
and in 1998 Pakistan was nearing bankruptcy. Sharif soon found himself in conflict with a new
army commander, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, and in late 1999 allegedly refused to allow
Musharraf’s aircraft to land. Sharif was overthrown by Musharraf in a military coup d’état
almost immediately and was subsequently tried on charges of hijacking and terrorism, for
which he was sentenced to life imprisonment. In 2000, having agreed to leave Pakistan for 10
years in exchange for having his jail sentence commuted, Sharif was released from prison and
went into exile in Saudi Arabia.

Encouraged by a 2007 Supreme Court decision which ruled that he was free to reenter the
country, Sharif returned to Pakistan in September of that year, hoping to galvanize public
support for the removal of Musharraf’s increasingly unpopular rule. The Musharraf
government, however, bypassed the Supreme Court ruling and arranged for Sharif’s summary
arrest and deportation back to Saudi Arabia within hours of his return, a move perceived by
many as flouting the law. In a visit to Saudi Arabia several weeks later, Musharraf requested
that the Saudi leadership cooperate in keeping his opponent abroad until the elections
scheduled for early the following year had been held; in response, King Abdullah expressed a
growing reluctance to maintain Saudi complicity in Sharif’s exile.

NOV 2007:

In late November 2007, Musharraf permitted Sharif, along with his wife and brother, to arrive
unimpeded in Pakistan on an aircraft provided by Abdullah. Underscoring Sharif’s sustained
popularity, his arrival was marked by crowds of supporters; these celebrations were largely
unhindered by police. Upon his return, Sharif registered to run in the elections set for the
following January, though he announced his refusal to stand as prime minister under Musharraf
and indicated that an opposition boycott of the vote remained an option. In addition, Sharif
called for the return of a number of Supreme Court judges whom Musharraf, anticipating that
they would rule to annul his reelection, had purged.

DEC 2007:
In December 2007 Bhutto, who had also recently been permitted to return to Pakistan, was
assassinated while campaigning in Rawalpindi. In the elections of February 2008, the PML-N
won about one-fourth of the parliamentary seats up for election, finishing second to Bhutto’s
party—led by her widower, Asif Ali Zardari—which captured about one-third of the seats. In
March the two parties formed a coalition government.

MEETING WITH ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE:

 Atal Vajpayee was starting the famous Delhi-Lahore bus service to foster better
relationships between India and Pakistan.
 Sharif sent an invitation to Atal to visit Pakistan.
 Immediately after crossing the border, where he was received by Nawaz Sharif.
 Over the next 24 hours, Vajpayee attended a state banquet at the Lahore Fort, signed
the Lahore Declaration with Sharif, visited the Minar-e-Pakistan, and gave one of the
most heart-wrenching speeches at the Governor's House
 Vaipayee wrote in the visitors' book at the monument: "A stable, secure and prosperous
Pakistan is in India's interest. Let no one in Pakistan be in doubt.India sincerely wishes
Pakistan well."
 In the speech, Vajpayee went on to quote from his own poem: "Hum jung na hone
denge.
 Teen bar lad chuke ladalya ,klna mehnga sauda Hum Jung na hone denge
 The audience was so impressed by Atal's speech that Nawaz Sharif quipped, "Vajpayee
sahab a toh Pakistan mein bhi election jeet sakte hain (Mr Vajpayee can now win
elections even in Pakistan.]

PAKISTAN AS NUCLEAR POWER:

Pakistan's Railways Minister Shiekh Rashid on Saturday claimed that former prime
minister Nawaz Sharif was against conducting the nuclear tests in 1998 in response to India's
tests and indicated that it was done at the orders of the powerful military. India conducted a
series of five nuclear bomb test explosions at the Pokhran in May, 1998, which was soon
followed by Pakistan's tests. Islamabad said it was forced to conduct the nuclear tests as a
response.

"Sharif and almost his whole Cabinet (in 1998) were against conducting the nuclear tests in
response to India's. Raja Zafarul Haq, Gauhar Ayub and I were in favour of conducting the
nuclear tests," Rashid, a known motormouth, told reporters here. Rashid was a member of the
Cabinet of the Sharif government in 1998. When asked then on whose order the nuclear tests
were carried out on May 28, 1998, if not on Sharif’s, Rashid indirectly referred to the military
establishment.

"These are national secrets and let it be so," the minister said.

The powerful army, which has ruled Pakistan for more than half of its 70 plus years of
existence, has hitherto wielded considerable power in the matters of security and foreign
policy. When asked why he left for abroad when Pakistan conducted the nuclear tests, the
minister replied: “I had to proceed abroad on a special duty."

Rashid is considered to be close to the establishment and the Opposition calls him its
spokesperson. Dismissing Rashid’s claim, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz senior leader Rana
Sanaullah said the whole world knows that Sharif had conducted the nuclear tests in 1998
despite international pressure. "This certified turncoat cannot take away the credit of nuclear
tests from Nawaz Sharif," he said. Sharif's younger brother and PML-N president Shahbaz Sharif
also said: “After India conducted nuclear tests (in 1998), Nawaz Sharif asked the army
leadership to make preparation to give response to it (India) in the same manner."

"Nawaz Sharif neither accepted a huge economic package nor bowed to international
pressure," he said, adding that there was no doubt in it that former prime minister and Pakistan
People's Party leader late Zulfikar Ali Bhutto started the nuclear programme. Sharif was serving
prime minister in 1998 for the second time when the nuclear tests were carried out by Pakistan.
He was convicted and sentenced to jail on corruption charges in 2018. He is currently in London
to receive medical treatment.

:KARGIL WAR:
The largest and deadliest of these clashes was the Kargil War, which took place in May–July 1999. In
early May the Indian military learned that Pakistani fighters had infiltrated Indian-administered territory.
The intrusion triggered intense fighting between the two sides that lasted more than two months.

The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was fought between India and Pakistan from May to
July 1999 in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LoC). In
India, the conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay (lit. 'Victory'), which was the codename of the
Indian military operation in the region. The role of the Indian Air Force in acting jointly with the Indian
Army was aimed at flushing out both the Pakistan Army and paramilitary troops from vacated Indian
positions along the Loc, in what was designated as Operation Safed Sagar , lit. 'White Sea').

The conflict was triggered by the infiltration of Pakistani troops—disguised as Kashmiri militants—into
strategic positions on the Indian side of the Loc, which serves as the de facto border between the two
countries in the disputed region of Kashmir. During its initial stages, Pakistan blamed the fighting
entirely on independent Kashmiri insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later
statements by Pakistan's Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff showed the involvement of Pakistani
paramilitary forces, led by General Ashraf Rashid. The Indian Army, later supported by the Indian Air
Force, recaptured a majority of the positions on the Indian side of the Loc; facing international
diplomatic opposition, Pakistani forces withdrew from all remaining Indian positions along the Loc.

The Kargil War is the most recent example of high-altitude warfare in mountainous terrain, and as such,
posed significant logistical problems for the combatting sides. It also marks one of only two instances of
conventional warfare between nuclear-armed states (alongside the Sino-Soviet border conflict). India
had conducted its first successful test in 1974; Pakistan, which had been developing its nuclear capability
in secret since around the same time, conducted its first known tests in 1998, just two weeks after a
second series of tests by India.

1. The resignations of Justice Sajjad Ali Shah and Farooq Ahmed Khan Leghari

After one month, differences developed between Chief Justice of Pakistan, Sajjad Ali Shah, and
Nawaz Govt. The confrontation was resolved through army intervention and Chief Justice had to resign
from his office. President of Pakistan, Farooq Ahmed Khan Leghari, also resigned from the Presidency
later on

2. Justice (Retd) Rafiq Tarar elected as President of Pakistan

Justice (Retd) Rafiq Tarar was elected as President against Aftab Shaban Mirani of People’s Party in Dec.
1997 and became the President of Pakistan.

3. ‘Retire debt, adorn the country’ scheme

Economic condition of the country was not improving and the government had to take loans from the
IMF for its budget. Nawaz Sharif started a scheme called ‘Retire debt, adorn the country’ and appealed
to the nation to pay off the foreign loans. The nation welcomed this scheme and about 17 billion rupees
were collected till June 1999 in this head.

4. Rights of vote to Pakistanis abroad:

The government gave the right to vote to Pakistanis living abroad which developed their interest
towards Pakistan.

5. Restriction on floor crossing:

The government imposed restriction on party floor crossing by the members of the Assembly under
14th amendment of the 1973 constitution. Through this amendment the elected member of the
Assembly was bound to give the vote of confidence only to their own party leader. Violator was to be
expelled from the party.

6. Census of 1998 :
The census of the people was conducted in 1998. The population of the country reached over 13 crores
according to this census.

7. The announcement of an education policy:

Syed Ghous Ali Shah, Federal Minister for Education announced the new educational policy in 1998,
which was aimed at opening many new academic institutions.

8. Lahore-Islamabad Motorway

The Lahore-Islamabad Motorway, one of the longest motorways of South Asia, was a great achievement
of Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif. It was planned in his first term, but was completed in his second
term. Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif himself inaugurated the Motorway in 1998.

9. The repeal of clause 58-2-B from the 1973 constitution:

Clause 58-2-B of the constitution which gave president the power to dissolve the National
Assembly at any time, was removed from the 1973 constitution by Nawaz government with the support
of the opposition through the 13th Amendment.

10. Atomic blasts:

The Nawaz government had shattered the dreams of superiority of India in the atomic field by doing
atomic blasts on 28th May 1998. This made Pakistan the 7th atomic power of the world.

11. Lahore Declaration :

The Indian Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, visited Lahore by bus with a message of peace and
goodwill. Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif welcomed him at Wagah Border. Both leaders announced
many plans to normalize mutual relations. A joint communiqué was signed which was called ‘Lahore
Declaration

12. The entry of the army into WAPDA:

WAPDA was handed over to army by the Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif goverment. to root out its
corruption and to reduce load-shedding in 1999. This produced very encouraging results

DISMISS OF NAWAZ SECOND GOVERNMENT:

On October 12, Nawaz Sharif dismissed Musharraf when he was out of the country. Senior Army
officers did not accept Nawaz Sharif’s decision and as a result of a bloodless military coup, they arrested
the Prime Minister and took over the command of the country. Musharraf, on his return, assumed the
charge, declared him Chief Executive, inducted a non-elected civilian cabinet, and decided not to call it a
Marshal Law. Constitution was suspended and Provisional Constitutional Order was enforced. Six judges
of the Supreme Court refused to take oath under PCO, whoever the remaining judges validated the coup
and gave Musharraf three years to fix the system before transferring power to the elected
representatives of the people.