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Learning Competency: Transforms the quadratic function defined by y = ax 2 + bx + c into the form
y = a (x – h)2 + k.
A. Learning Activity REVIEW:The teacher reviews the concept of quadratic equation through
oral recitation.
Expected Answer:
1) x2 – 2x = 0 Q
2)3x + 15 = 0 NQ
3)5 - 6x + x2 = 0 Q
4)27 – 4x3 = 0 NQ
5)2x2 + 8x + 5 = 0 Q
7)3x2 -4x + 1 = 0 Q
x
8) √ x −2x +3 =0 NQ
9) x(x2 + 7x - 1) = 0 NQ
10) 5x + 2 = 0 NQ
B. Lesson Proper The teacher discusses how general form of the quadratic functions y = ax2 +
bx + c can be transformed into vertex or standard form y = a(x – h)2 + k by
completing the square:
( 2 b
f(x) =a x + x +c
a ) Factor out a.
( 2 b b2
f(x)= a x + x+ 2 +c −
a 4a
b2
4a ) Complete the expression in the
( b
a
2 b2
f(x)= a x + x+ 2 +c −
4a
b2
4a ) Complete the expression in the
constant ()b 2
2
and subtracting
(
f(x)= a x+
2a)
b 2 4 ac−b2
+
4a
Simplify and express the
Substituting this to the equation above will result to f(x) = a(x – h)2 + k.
Therefore , f(x) = ax2 + bx + c is equivalent to f(x) = a(x – h)2 + k.
Examples:
1. f(x) = x2 - 2x – 15
Solution:
y = (x2 - 2x) – 15 Group together the terms containing x.
y = (x2 - 2x) – 15 Factor out a. Hence a=1
y = (x2 - 2x + 1) - 15 – 1 Complete the expression in the
parenthesis to make it a perfect
square trinomial by adding a
−2 2
constant ( ) = 1 and
2
subtracting the same value
from the constant term.
2. f(x) = x2 - 4x – 10
Solution:
Note to the teacher: Guide the students as they try to transform the
quadratic equations from standard to general form.
Solution:
2
y=3 ( x−2 ) + 4 Expand ( x−2 )2 .
y=3 x 2−12 x+ 16
2
2. y=−2 ( 3 x−1 ) + 5 x
Solution:
y=−2 ( 3 x−1 )2 +5 x
y = -2(9x2 - 6x + 1) +5 x
y = -18x2 - 12x -2 +5 x
y = -18x2 - 17x -2
COLUMN A COLUMN B
13 a. y = (x – 2)2 – 3
1) y = x2 – x +
4
b. y = 2(x – 1)2 + 2
1
2) y = x2 – 3x + 3 c. y = -2(x - 3)2 + 1
2
4) y = x2 – 4x + 1 1 3
e. y = (x – 3)2 -
2 2
5) y = 2x2 – 4x + 4
Expected Answers:
1. d 4. a
2. e 5.b
3.c
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
Expected Answers:
1.
f(x) = 2x2 - 12x + 33 f(x)=2(x-3)2+15
2.
f(x) = x2 + 8x f(x)=(x+4)2-16
3.
f(x) = 5x – 6
2
f(x)=5(x-0)2-6
4.
f(x) = 12 – x2 f(x)=-(x-0)2+12
3 2 3
x 15
f(x) = 2 f(x)= 2 (x-0)2+15
Expected Answer:
To rewrite a quadratic function from the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c to the form
f(x) = a(x – h)2 + k we can use completing the square.
E. Abstraction/Generalization
Expected Answers:
1. y = x2-8x+15 y = (x-4)2-1
2. y = x2-4x y = (x-2)2-4
3. y = x2+8x+18 y = (x+4)2+2
IV - AGREEMENT DIRECTION: Rewrite the following into standard form by completing the
square:
Expected Answers
1. y = x2+4x+3 y = (x+2)2-1
2. y = x2-2x+5 y = (x-1)2+4
Prepared by:
KHEZA D. DAÑAS
Teacher I
Checked and Reviewed by:
JANETH C. DELA COSTA
MT-I/ Mathematics Coordinator
Noted by:
JOVY C. LIZA, Ph. D
School Principal IV
DISCUSSIONS:
Examples:
1. f(x) = x2 - 2x – 15
f(x) = (x2 - 2x) – 15 Group together the terms containing x.
f(x) = (x2 - 2x) – 15 Factor out a. Hence a=1
f(x) = (x2 - 2x + 1) - 15 – 1 Complete the expression in the parenthesis to make it a
perfect square trinomial by adding a constant (
−2 2
) = 1 and subtracting the same value from the
2
constant term.
4. y = 4x2 + 5x
(
2 5
y=4 x + x
4 ) Factor out 4 in the x terms
[ ( )] ( )
2
2 5 5 5 2
y = 4 x + x+ −4 Complete the square by adding and
4 8 8
()
2
5
subtracting 4
8
[2 5
y = 4 x + x+
4
25
64
−4
25
64 ] ( ) Square the added number
( )
2
5 25
y = 4 x+ − Factor the trinomial inside the
8 16
Quadratic equations are actually used in everyday life, as when calculating areas, determining a product's profit or
formulating the speed of an object.
Calculating Room Areas. People frequently need to calculate the area of rooms, boxes or plots of land.
Figuring a Profit.
Quadratics in Athletics.
Finding a Speed.
Quadratic functions are used in many types of real world situations. They are useful in describing the trajectory
of a ball, determining the height of a thrown object and in optimizing profit for businesses.
SUPPLEMENTARY ACTIVITIES
Note: The activities included here will be used only when needed.
DIRECTION: Convert the following quadratic functions from general to standard form.
Expected Answers:
1. f(x) = x2 - 2x – 15 f(x)=(x-1)2-16
2. f(x) = 2x2 – 7 f(x)=2(x-0)2-7
1 19
3. y = 4 + x – 3x2 f(x)=-3(x+ )2+
2 4
5 2 25
4. y = 4x2 + 5x f(x)=4(x+ ) -
8 64
DIRECTION: Convert the following quadratic functions from general to standard form.
Expected Answers: