GRAMMAR

I. COMPARATIVE (SO SÁNH HƠN)

1. SO SÁNH HƠN CỦA TÍNH TỪ NGẮN
Tính từ ngắn là tính từ có một âm tiết. Tính từ có hai âm tiết nhưng tận cùng bằng -er; -ow, -
y, -le cũng được xem là tính từ ngắn.
- Hình thức so sánh hơn của tính từ được thành lập bằng cách: thêm -er vào sau tính từ có một
âm tiết (short adjective...) và một số tính từ có hai âm tiết có tận cùng bằng -er, ow, -y, - le.
S + be + short adjective + ER + than + noun/pronoun
Eg: Vietnam is richer than Cambodia.
I am taller than he is/ him.
* Chú ý:
• Nếu tính từ ngắn tận cùng bằng y, đổi y thành i rồi thêm er.
Eg: happy —> happier
• Nếu tính từ ngắn tận cùng bằng e ta chỉ cần thêm r thôi.
Eg: late -> later
• Nếu tính từ ngắn tận cùng bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm, ta viết phụ âm cuối thêm 1 lần nữa
(gấp đôi phụ âm cuối) rồi mới thêm er.
Eg: big -> bigger, thin→ thinner, fat→ fatter, hot→ hotter
2. SO SÁNH HƠN CỦA TÍNH TỪ DÀI
- Tính từ dài là những tính từ có hai âm tiết trở lên (trừ các tính từ có tận cùng bằng -er, -ow, -y,
-le).
• Cách thiết lập dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ.
S + be + MORE + long adjective + than + noun/pronoun
S + verb + MORE + long adverb + than + noun/pronoun
Eg:
She is more beautiful than her sister.
• He drives more carefully than my brother.
Ngoại lệ:
• good → better bad → worse well→ better
• much→ more many→ more little → less
−far → farther
−quiet → quieter
−clever → cleverer
−narrow → narrower
−simple → simpler
I. Choose the correct option in brackets.
1. Lucy is smart, but Carol is _____ than her (smarter/ more smart)
2. It's too hot! Today is even _____ than yesterday. (hoter/ hotter)
3. Cities are always _____ than rural areas. (moderner/ more modern)
4. I think Hue is _____ than Hoi An. (more historic/ historic more)
5. The downtown is _____ than suburbs. (exciter/ more exciting)
6. This film is (more interesting/ interesting more) than that film.
7. The streets are very _____ after a heavy rain. (wetter/ wet)
8. Which one is _____, a house or an apartment? (gooder/ better)
9. Motorbike is _____ than car in my place. (more popular/ popularer)
10. His school is only a _____ school near the hill. (small/ smaller)
II. Make the comparisons using the comparative adjectives in brackets.
1. The city is _______________
noisier than (noisy) the countryside.
2. Da Nang City is more
_______________
modern than (modern) Hue City.
friendlier than
3. Tommy isn't _______________ (friendly) Jennifer.
hotter than
4. In Viet Nam, summer is _______________ (hot) autumn.
more convenient than ( convenient) living in an apartment?
5. Is living in a house ___________________
6. London is really busier
_______________
than (busy) Liverpool.
better than
7. I think the Harry Potter films are _______________ (good) the books.
8. The air now is _______________
more polluted than(polluted) in the past.
worse than
9. The traffic jams today are _______________ bad) ever before.
more comfortable than (comfortable) travelling by car.
10. Travelling by plan is ____________________
III. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Your neighbourhood is _____ my neighbourhood.
A. quieter than B. more quiet than C. more quiet D. more quieter than
2. Young people like city life because it is _____ countryside life.
A. more than inconvenient B. more inconvenient than
C. more convenient than D. inconvenient more than
3. Mostly, a grocery store is _____ than a supermarket.
A. more small B. more big C. bigger D.
v smaller

4. At night, the streets look _____ with colorful lights.

A. more wonderful B. wonderful more C. more wonderful than D. wonderful than
5. I think your town is _____ than my town.
A. more new B. modern C. more ancient D. more older
6. Is Vung Tau Beach ______________ Long Son Beach?
A. more crowded than B. more than crowded
C. crowded more than D much more crowded
7. The park near my house is ______________ than the central park.
A. big B. bigger C. more big D. more bigger
8. Those big buildings look than small ones.
A. more older B. old C.more new D. newer
9. Are motorbikes really ______________ than cars in your country?
A. more expensive B. more cheap C. expensive D. more cheap
10. Streets in your place are ______________ and less traffic.
A. wider than B. wider C. more wide D. wider than
IV. Rewrite the sentences to correct their mistakes.
1. This building is more shorter than that building.
The building is shorter than that building.
___________________________________________________________________
2. Living in a house is more convenient than live in a flat.
Living in a house is more convenient than living in a flat.
___________________________________________________________________
3. This river is more pollute as other rivers in the area.
This river is more polluted than other rivers in the area.
___________________________________________________________________
4. Da Nang City is moderner than Hoi An Town.
___________________________________________________________________
Da Nang City is more modern than Hoi An Town.
5. Is a supermarket always biger than a shop?
___________________________________________________________________
Is a supermarket always bigger than a shop?
6. It's more expensive than to live in a big city.
It's more expensive to live in a big city.
___________________________________________________________________
7. Duc Ba Cathedral is old than Sai Gon Opera House.
___________________________________________________________________
Duc Ba Cathedral is older than Sai Gon Opera House
8. Many people think modern life is gooder than life in the past.
Many people think modern life is better than life in the past.
___________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR
SUPERLATIVE
I. SO SÁNH NHẤT CỦA TÍNH TỪ NGẮN

So sánh nhất là cấu trúc ta dùng khi cần so sánh một chủ thể với toàn bộ nhóm, tập thể
mà chủ thể có trong đó.
• Cấu trúc so sánh nhất với tính từ ngắn: tính từ ngắn là tính từ có một âm tiết.
ex: big, tall, rich
- Tính từ có hai âm tiết nhưng tận cùng bằng cũng được xem như là tính từ ngắn. er, ow,
y, -le.
eg: Happy, pretty
- Hình thức so sánh nhất của tính từ được thành lập bằng cách thêm est vào sau tính từ
ngắn hoặc tính từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng “er, ow,y, -le”
- S + be + the + short adj + est + (noun)
ex: She is the tallest pupil in my class.
He is the smartest (pupil) in his class.
The Amazon river is the widest in the world.
Leopard is the fastest animal in the world./ Everest is the highest mountain in the
world. / Sahara desert is the hottest in the world.
- * Cách thêm đuôi “est”.
- Tính từ có tận cùng bằng “e”, ta chỉ thêm “st”.
ex: large → largest. large → largeest
late → latest
wide→ widest
- Tính từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng phụ âm + “y”, ta đổi “y” thành “i” rồi thêm “est”
ex: happy → happiest; funny → funniest; lazy → laziest
pretty → prettiest; busy → busiest,
- Tính từ có một âm tiết tận cùng bằng nguyên âm + phụ âm (trừ w) thì ta gấp đôi phụ âm
cuối rồi mới thêm “est”
ex: big → biggest; hot → hottest; thin→ thinnest
fat→ fattest.
2. So sánh nhất của tính từ dài

- S + be + the + most + long adj + (noun)

Ex: He is the most intelligent (student) in my class.

She is the most beautiful in my class.
His car is the most expensive I have ever seen.
Quick test is the most difficult in all kinds of tests. Test nhanh là test khó nhất trong tất cả
các loại test.
 No. Adjective Superlative
II. Change the adjectives
into superlative forms of 1 heavy the heaviest
adjectives 2 strong the strongest
good
3
the best
4 far the farthest
5 late the latest
6 bad the worst
7 noisy the nosiest
8 careful the most careful
9 thin the thinnest
10 old the oldest
11 big the biggest
12 interesting the most interesting
13 young the youngest
14 useless the most useless
15 easy the easiest
III. Complete the sentences with the superlative adjectives.

1. Everest is (high) ____________

the highest mountain in the world.
2. The Amazon River is (deep) ____________
the deepest river in the world. : sâu nhất
3. Great Wall has (long) the
____________
longest structure in the world.
4. She is (bad) ____________
the worst singer I've ever met.
5. Jupiter is (big) ____________
the biggest planet in the solar system.
6. He is (clever) the
____________
most clever student in my group.
7. Firefighter is one of (dangerous)the most dangerous
____________ jobs in the world.
8. Which planet is (close) ____________
the closest to the Sun?
9. FPT is (big) ____________
the biggest company in this country.
10. This is (wide) ____________
the widest road in this city
IV. Complete these sentences with comparative or superlative adjectives

the worst
1. She is (bad) ____________ singer I’ve ever met.
2. The winter is (cold) ____________
the coldest season in a year.
3. It's (good) ____________
the best holiday I’ve had.
4. Well, the place looks (clean) ____________
cleaner now.
hotter than
5. The weather this summer is even (hot) ____________ last summer.
6. This girl is (thin) ____________
the thinnest in the class.
7. Hot dogs are (good) ____________
better than hamburgers.
8. It is (noisy) ____________
noisier in the city than it is in the countryside.
9. The English test was (easy) ____________
easier than I thought It would be.
10. Hoa is (happy) ____________
the happiest student in my class.
11. My grandmother is (old) the ____________
oldest person in my family.
12. A boat is (slow) slower
____________
than a plane.
13. It was (cold) ____________
the coldest day of the year.
14. The Mt Blanc is (high) Higher than
____________ the GroBglockner, but the Mt Everest is
(high) the
____________
highest mountain.
hotter than
15. June is (hot) ____________ the hottest
May, but July is (hot) ____________.
easier than
16. Table tennis is (easy) ____________ the easiest.
tennis, but badminton is (easy) ____________
the best
17. This is (good) ____________ chocolate cake I have ever eaten.
larger than
18. The United States are (large) ____________ Mexico, but Russia is (large)
the largest
____________ country.
19. Shirts are (cheap) ____________
cheaper than jeans.
20. That was (bad) ____________
the worst film I have ever seen.
V. Complete the sentences with must or mustn’t.: phải (luật lệ, điều bắt buộc phải
làm)/ không được

must
1. You ____________ help your mother with the heavy box.
2. It’s very cold. You ____________
mustn’t go out.
must
3. You ____________ look after the house when your parents are away.: chăm sóc
must
4. You ____________ wash your face in the morning.
5. You ____________
must take your umbrella because it's raining.
mustn’t
6. You ____________ drink that milk, it's very hot.
mustn’t
7. You ____________ make noise in the class.
mustn’t
8. It's dangerous, you ____________ touch that wire.
mustn’t
9. You ____________ be rude to your teacher.
10. In the class, you ____________
must study hard .