DISASTER MANAGEMENT

COVID-19
A PRESENTATION BY GROUP II (IX C)
 INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Analysis of the pandemic
3. Description of Covid-19
4. Mitigation
5. Conclusion
6. Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
 DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND ITS TYPES

Preparation

• Disaster management is how we

deal with the human, material,
Disaster economic or environmental
Mitigation management Response impacts of disasters. It is the
process
process of how we “prepare for,
respond to and learn from the
effects of major failures”.

Recovery

Though often caused by
nature, disasters can have
human origins; thus having
two types of disasters which
are natural disasters and
man made disasters.
TYPES OF DISASTERS
Natural Disasters
Natural Disasters are naturally occurring
physical phenomena caused either by
rapid or slow onset events that have
immediate impacts on human health
and secondary impacts causing further
death and suffering.
Examples
Meteorological:(floods, cyclone,
hurricane, typhoon)
Geological:(earthquake, volcanic
eruptions, landslides, tsunami) Biological:
(pandemics, epidemics)
Man-Made Disasters
Man-Made Disasters are events that
are caused by humans which occur in
or close to human settlements often
caused as a results of Environmental or
Technological Emergencies.
Examples
Technological (transport accidents,
explosions, fires) Industrial (chemical
spills, radiation, poisoning, gas leaks )
Warfare (war, terrorism, internal
conflicts, civil unrest )
 MEANING OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ITS EFFECTS ON
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY

COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered corona virus. This new virus and
disease were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 is now a
pandemic affecting many countries globally. By labeling the spread a pandemic, WHO was indicating that the virus
was now a worldwide phenomenon.

I
Death of human beings E S Loss of economic activities,
N
E D F O economic slowdown
F I
F C Poverty, hunger and starvation
F V Phycological impact on
E I
human beings E I
C D
T U C E
S A Reduction in earning ability T T Closure of industry, job cuts &
L unforeseen law & order problem
S S Y
 परु स्ताद्वदन

• ‘उपाकृत’ is called as disaster in Sanskrit. (‘उपाकृत’ को संस्कृत में आपदा कहा

जाता है ।)
• दर्ु भिक्ष (Famine), भक
ू म्प (Earthquake), चक्रवात (Cyclone), खादोअर्िस ् (Floods)
महामारी (Pandemic)।
• ववपवि का शब्द रूप : कृपया शब्द रूप के र्िए अगिी स्िाइड पर जाएं।
ANALYSIS OF THE PANDEMIC
 1. United States of America 16,43,499 97,722
2. Russia 353,427 3,633
COVID 19 GLOBAL SCENARIO 3.
4.
Italy
Germany
229,858
180,338
32,785
8,287
5. India 139,911 4,039
6. Iran 137,724 7,451
7. Mainland China 82,985 4,634
8. Pakistan 56,349 1,167
9. United Arab Emirates 29,485 245
10. Israel 16,720 280
11. South Korea 11,206 267
PIE CHART (EFFECT OF THE PANDEMIC ON THE ABOVE
LISTED COUNTRIES)
Number of cases on the affected countries

United States
Russia
Italy
Last updated
on May 25 Germany
2020 India
06: 05 PM
Iran
IST
Mainland China
Pakistan
United Arab Emirates
South Korea
 BAR GRAPH (EFFECT OF THE PANDEMIC IN INDIA)

Telagana

Andhra pradesh

West Bengal

Uttarpradesh

Madhya pradesh

Rajasthan

Delhi

Gujarat

Tamilnadu

Maharastra

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000

Mortality No of recovered people No of infected people
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE

Reference Tourism Sports Hotel & Restaurants Education

It will impact India’s Sports too, will It will impact 60% of it will affect around
tourism industry come to a standstill. people of all genders millions of school
which can incur an Not used to being across all social going students.
overall loss of Rs 4 indoors for long, sections in hotel and Structure of
to 5 lakh crore and deprived of their restaurant industry schooling, learning,
affect jobs of about normal training and badly affect teaching and
Long Term 5 crore people. and schedules—it will be their lively hood. assessment
lockdown even some people a challenging time Growth, and methodologies will
may loose their jobs. for sportspersons, development will be effect including
too. slow down for the economic and
next two years. societal
consequences .
Reference Tourism Sports Hotel & Restaurants Education

It will have a normal It will have a normal It will not impact a It will not affect
impact and lively impact by lot and lively hood school going
hood can restore but postponing the can restore but students, and
could cause more sports events for consequences of Structure of
damage in human some time but could loosing lives will be Schooling, Learning,
life by spreading the cause more damage more by spreading Teaching and
virus from one in human life by of virus. Assessment
Short Term country to other. spreading the virus methodology but it
Lockdown from one country to could have made
other. children more
venerable to virus
and could have
cause more damage.
 POSITIVE IMPACTS OF GLOBAL LOCKDOWN

Lesser pollution (Air, Water and environment)

Greater freedom for animal mobility other than human beings

Human life is free from hectic schedules (more time for family)

Time for self introspection, upskilling & innovation

There’s clear water in the Venice canals, blue skies over Delhi and wild animals are roaming boldly in locked-down cities.
The oil industry and airlines are floundering in this new world, and carbon emissions are falling fast. With many factories
and businesses closed, combined with fewer cars on the road and fewer planes in the sky, our natural environment is
recovering slowly. he COVID-19 pandemic has caused industrial activity to shut down and cancelled flights and other
journeys, slashing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution around the world. If there is something positive to take
from this terrible crisis, it could be that it’s offered a taste of the air we might breathe in a low-carbon future.
DESCRIPTION OF CAUSAL AGENT OF
COVID-19
 COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF NOVEL CORONA VIRUS

Corona viruses belong to the family Coronaviridae in the order Nidovirales. They can be classified into four
genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, and Deltacoronavirus. Among them, alpha-
and betacoronaviruses infect mammals, gammacoronaviruses infect avian species, and deltacoronaviruses
infect both mammalian and avian species. Corona viruses are large, enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses.

They have the largest genome among all RNA viruses. The genome is
packed inside a helical capsid formed by the nucleocapsid protein (N)
and further surrounded by an envelope. Associated with the viral
envelope are at least three structural proteins: The membrane protein
(M) and the envelope protein (E) are involved in virus assembly,
whereas the spike protein (S) mediates virus entry into host cells.
Some corona viruses also encode an envelope-associated
hemagglutinin-esterase protein (HE). Among these structural proteins,
the spike forms large protrusions from the virus surface, giving corona
viruses the appearance of having crowns (hence their name; corona in
Latin means crown).
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION

There are several ways modes of transmission of corona

virus:-
❖ Droplets:-When an infected person coughs , sneezes , or
talks , droplets with the virus fly into the air from their
nose or mouth.
❖ Aerosolized transmission:-Virus can live in the air for up to
3hours,when we breathe air that has the virus floating in
it, it gets into our lungs.
❖ Surface transmission:-When we touch the surface which
has the virus infected like plastic and steel, then virus can
enter into the body.
❖ Fecal –oral:- Virus can spread through contact with
infected persons stool.
 EFFECT ON HUMAN BODY FUNCTION
➢ Viruses work by hijacking cells in human body.
➢ They enter host cells and reproduce ,they can then spread to new cells around the body
➢ Corona viruses mostly affect the respiratory system , which is a group of organs and tissues that allow the body to
breathe.
➢ Corona virus typically infects the linings of the throat, airways, and lungs.
➢ Sometimes other symptoms will occur alongside a fever, including:-
• Breathlessness
• Cough
• Muscle pain
• Sore throat
• Headache
• Chills
• New loss of taste or smell etc.
MITIGATION
PREVENTIVE MEASURES - NATIONAL, SOCIAL & PERSONAL
• Nationwide lockdown

National
• Stay at home directives
• Movement restrictions interstate and intrastate
• Healthcare management at state and nationally
• Quarantine, testing and treating of infectious patients at hospitals

Last
• Maintaining Social distancing (minimum six feet) Updated
• Thermal screening of employees while entering and exiting from work place

Social • Avoiding social gathering and meetings

• Maintaining hygiene and sanitizing public transports, workplaces and place of
gathering after lockdown relaxation
: March
05,
2020,
• Abiding govt. directives 05:12
PM IST
• Using facial mask, not touching eye, mouth, nose
• Frequent washing of hands with soap (min 20 minutes)

Personal • Hand sanitizations with alcohol based sanitizers

• Visiting doctors on getting symptom of COVID infections
• Enhancing immunity by daily exercise, yoga and consuming immunity booster
diet
 SCIENTIFIC REASON OF STAYING SANITIZED

The effectiveness of a sanitizing routine varies with different types of viruses.

Enveloped viruses have an additional coat (envelope) of fat molecules (lipid
bilayer membrane) outside of the capsid. The corona virus, which causes COVID-
19, is an enveloped virus. SARS-CoV-2 particles are spherical and have proteins
called spikes protruding from their surface. These spikes latch onto human cells,
then undergo a structural change that allows the viral membrane to fuse with
the cell membrane. Soap whose detergent made up of fat molecules or a hand
sanitizer with more than 60% alcohol, can inactivate the COVID-19-causing virus
easily by dissolving its lipid layer. Disruption of the envelope causes the virus to
come undone, and kills it.
 शमन
(संवाद-िेखन)
गीता: अरे राधा तुमने कि वह खबर दे खी जजसमें बताया गया था कक चीन में एक साथ कुछ 144 िोगों की मौत
हो गई?
राधा: हााँ मैं भी दे खकर है रान थी यह मौत एक वायरस फैिने से हो रही है ।
गीता: हााँ मैंने भी इस वायरस के बारे में सुना है । इसका नाम कुछ कोरो-कोरो करके था।
राधा: कोरो नहीं कोरोना वायरस।
गीता: हााँ कोरोनावायरस एकदम सही कहा। िेककन मैं यह खबर पूरी नहीं दे ख पाई थी तो क्या तुम मुझे बता सकती
हो कक यह बीमारी कैसे फैि रही है ?
राधा: हााँ ऐसा माना जा रहा है कक चीन के िोगों में यह बीमारी चमगादड़ और सांपों से आई है ।
गीता: जो भी हो यह बहुत ही खतरनाक वायरस है और इससे िोगों की बहुत जान जा रही है ।
राधा: हााँ अभी तक तो चचककत्सकों को इस बीमारी का कोई इिाज भी नहीं पाया है ।
गीता: कफर अब क्या होगा?
राधा: वैज्ञाननक ककसी ऐसी दवाई की खोज कर रहे हैं जजससे इस साि थे वायरस के प्रकोप को कम ककया जा सके।
తీవ్రతను తగ్గించడిం (ర్కార్డ ర్ ద్వారా పాట ొక్క హకకార్ిం)
 CONCLUSION (DAIRY ENTRY)
Sunday Time: 21:45.p.m
Date: 24/5/2020
Dear Diary
These past days were traumatic. The country is in a total Lockdown because of the Corona virus, so I’m forced to stay at
home. all the schools, shops, restaurants sports clubs, parks, playground are completely closed, people need to maintain
social distances from one another when they are out but children and old age people above 60 are restricted to go out as they
are most venerable, by all this I could not go out and play with my friends and I could not even visit my grandma in village and
spending time with her in this summer times.
However, a positive note is that people are generally being more hygienic. And the most beautiful thing is that all are
spending more time in home understanding the relations and learning the values of family. When the lockdown is over there
are 3 things that I want to do that are:
1:I want to go out and play with my friends.
2: I want to visit my cousins and want to enjoy with them.
3: want to visit my grandma's house.
Okay Diary, I am feeling sleepy now. I will meet you tomorrow. Bye Diary and Good Night…..
XYZ
 BIBLIOGRAPHY (1)

I, Jigyansa Dash (the group presenter) thank all my dear group members for cooperating with me and helping
me in completing the project. I also acknowledge the sources of information for said presentation.
• Title Slide done by Sakshi Agarwal.
• Index done by Jigyansa Dash.
• Disaster Management and its types; www.physio-pedia.com; 26th May 2020; Done by Sakshi Agarwal.
• Meaning of Covid -19 Pandemic and its effects on individual and society; www.medicalnewstoday.com; 25th
May 2020; Done by Sakshi Agarwal.
• परु स्ताद्वदन; www.whatiscalled.com, sanskrit.samskrutam.com; 16th May 2020; Done by Jigyansa Dash.
• Location of affected countries on the world map; editon.cnn.com; 25th May 2020; Done by Navya.
• Effect of the pandemic on the above listed countries; edition.cnn.com; 25th May 2020; Done by Kathyayni
• Effect of the pandemic on the population of India; mygov.in>covid19; 19th May 2020; Done by Meenakshi
 BIBLIOGRAPHY (2)
• Impact of Covid-19 on development and infrastructure; 24th May 2020; Done by Moksha Badri.
• Positive Impacts of global lockdown on Environment; weforum.org; 26th May 2020; Done by Navya.
• Description of Causal Agent of Covid-19; www.medicalnewstoday.com; 19th May 2020; Done by Meenakshi
• Personal, social and national preventive measures to control the pandemic effect; economictimes.com; 21st
May 2020; Done by Tanya.
• Scientific reason of staying sanitized; www.technologynetworks.com; 24th May 2020; Done by Jigyansa Dash
• संवाद-िेखन; Written on her own; 21st May 2020; Done by Tanya.
• ర్కార్డ ర్ ద్వారా పాట ొక్క హకకార్ిం; www.youtube.com; taken as a recording; 25th May 2020; Done by
Kathyayni.
• Diary Entry; Written on her own; 24th May 2020; Done by Moksha Badri
• Bibliography; Written on her own; 24th May 2020; Done by Moksha Badri
• Thank you slide by Meenakshi.
THANK YOU