4 Module 1 With Discussion

MATHEMATICS 10 (4) MODULE 1: Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles
Schedule
Name: Wilbur: Monday and Wednesday, 7:30-9:30 am
Orville: Monday and Wednesday, 9:30-11:30 am
Grade Level and Section: Time Frame: 4 weeks (Q4: Week 1 to 4)
Subject Teacher: Angelie F. Panganiban (09063020955)
OBJECTIVE/S:
By the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

illustrates the following measures of position: quartiles, deciles and percentiles;

calculates a specified measure of position (e.g. 90th percentile) of a set of data;

interprets measures of position;

solves problems involving measures of position;

uses appropriate measures of position and other statistical methods in analyzing and
interpreting research data; and

formulates statistical mini-research
INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY
Write TRUE if the given statement is true and FALSE if it is false. Write your answer on “Response
Before” column.
Response Response After
Statement
Before
Quartiles divide a ranked data into 4 equal parts. TRUE
Each set of data in decile has 99 deciles. FALSE

The value of the 50th percentile is the median of the given set of
TRUE
data.
In a given set of data, the 3rd quartile is equal to the 75th percentile. TRUE
The measures of position are used to determine the position of a
TRUE
certain data point or value falls in a given set of data.
DISCUSSION
While measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) are important, they do not tell the
whole story. For example, suppose the mean score on a statistics exam is 80%. From this information, can
| (4) M o d u l e 1 : Q u a r t i l e s , D e c i l e s , a n d P e r c e n t i l e s
we determine a range in which most people scored? The answer is no. There are two other types of
measures, measures of position and variability that help paint a more concise picture of what is going on
in the data. In this section, we will consider the measures of position and discuss measures of variability
in the next one.
Measures of position give a range where a certain percentage of the data fall. They are used to
determine the position that a particular data value has within a given data set can be identified. In short,
they are the methods used by which the position (percentage) that a particular value has within a given
data set can be identified. The three most commonly used measure of position are Quartiles, Deciles,
and Percentiles.
To know and understand the measures of position for grouped and ungrouped data read and
understand the discussion of this lesson on pages 266-282.
MEASURES OF POSITION UNGROUPED DATA:
A. The Quartiles ( , )
The quartiles are points that divide a ranked data into four equal parts. Each set of data has three
quartiles.
2 | (4) M o d u l e 1 : Q u a r t i l e s , D e c i l e s , a n d P e r c e n t i l e s
Arrange the data in order (increasing order)
RULES FOR QUARTILE
Mendenhall and Sincich Method:

• If lower quartile falls halfway between two integers, ROUND UP the answer.
• If upper quartile falls halfway between two integers, ROUND DOWN the answer.
2.25th 3rd
Upper quartile: 6.20 6th

EXAMPLE 1: The Quartiles (Ungrouped Data)
Consider the data set

a. *15 19 23 25 37 39 43 +. Find the lower quartile and upper quartile .
Solution:
1. List the data in increasing order.
n=7
2. Use the given formula to find the position of the lower quartile ( ) and upper quartile ( ).
For the lower quartile:
8
4
This means that the value of the lower quartile is the 2nd data in the given set, thus .
Interpretation: In the given data set, 25% of the data are smaller in value than 19, and 75% are
larger.
𝑸𝟏
For the upper quartile:
This means that the value of the upper quartile is the 6th data in the given set, thus .
larger.
𝑸𝟑
b. *48 39 57 32 28 63 51 54 36+. Find the median , , 3 and the interquartile range.
Solution:
1. List the data in increasing order.
n=9
For the median ( :

2( + 1)
4
2(9 + 1)
4
This means that the value of the median is the 5th data in the given set, thus .
Interpretation: In the given data set, 50% of the data are below and above in value than 48.
𝑸𝟐
For the :
( + 1)
4
(9 + 1)
4
1
4
This means that the value of the lower quartile is the average of the 2 nd and 3 r d value in the given
:
set, thus .
larger.
𝑸𝟏
For the :
3( + 1)
4
3(9 + 1)
4
3(1 )
4
This means that the value of the upper quartile is the average of the 7 th and 8th value in the given set,
:
thus .
Interpretation: In the given data set, 75% of the data are smaller in value than 50.5, and 25% are
larger.
𝑸𝟑
For the interquartile range:
5 5 34
16 5
Answer TRY IT 1:
Consider the data set . Find the median, and and
the
.
interquartile
range
23, 31, 37, 43, 44, 46, 52, 59, 68 n=9
Interpretation: In the given data set, 50% of the data are below and above in value than 44.
Interpretation: In the given data set, 25% of the data are smaller in value than 34, and 75% are larger.
3( + 1) 3(9 + 1)
75
4 4
52 + 59
55 5
2
Interpretation: In the given data set, 75% of the data are smaller in value than 55.5, and 25% are larger.
Interquartile range=55.5-34= 21.5
EXAMPLE 2: The Quartiles (Ungrouped Data)

Mr. O. Javier, a bank manager, is interested in the amount of time it takes his teller to service depositors.
On a particular morning, he asked his secretary to record the service time for 15 costumers. The data are
given below (to the nearest minute).
Find: the mean service time, the median, the lower and upper quartiles of the service times
Solution:
1. Arrange the data in increasing order.
n=15
For the mean service time:
∑ 121
̅ 8 7
15
For the median:

2( + 1)
4
This means that the value of the median is the 8th data in the given set, thus
.
Interpretation: In the given data set, 50% of the data are below and above in value than 8
minutes.
For the :
( + 1)
4
(15 + 1)
4
16
4
This means that the value of the lower quartile in the given set is .
Interpretation: In the given data set, 25% of the data are smaller in value than 6 minutes, and 75% are
larger.
For the :
3( + 1)
4
3(15 + 1)
4
3(16)
4
This means that the value of the upper quartile is the 12th data in the given set, thus
.
Interpretation: In the given data set, 75% of the data are smaller in value than 9 minutes, and 25% are
larger.
2. The Deciles
The deciles are the score-points that divide a distribution into 10 equal parts. The decile is computed in
the same way as the median, the quartile, and the percentile.
There are 9 deciles. For example, the 1st decile ( separates the lowest 10% from the other 90%; 3 rd
decile ( separates the lowest 30% from the other 70%; while the 8 th decile ( separates the lowest
80% from the other 20%.
FORMULA
If there are n observations in a set of data, then the formula to determine the position of
𝐷1, 𝐷2, …, 𝐷9 are as follows:
𝒌(𝒏 + 𝟏)
𝑫𝒌 : 𝒕𝒉 observation
𝟏𝟎
Where n is the number of data under study or observation and k is the required decile.
EXAMPLE 5: Deciles ( Ungrouped Data )

The scores of 5 0 students in Math exam are given. Find the 1 st decile , 4 th decile , and 7 th decile .
Solution:
If the given raw score is not arranged, arranged it in ascending order .
40 65 73 79 90
45 66 73 81 91
48 67 75 83 91
51 69 75 83 92
56 69 76 84 93
56 71 77 86 95
59 71 78 87 96
61 71 78 87 96
64 73 78 89 98
65 73 79 89 99
Note: If the position of the decile is not an integer, follow the rule of rounding numbers.
1. For the 1st decile:

Following the rules of rounding numbers, 5.1 will become 5. This means that is located in the
5 value in the arranged data. Thus,
th
is 56.
Interpretation: In the Math Exam, 10% of the scores are smaller in value than 56, and 90% are larger.
2. For the 4th decile:
20 value in the arranged data. Thus,
th
is 73.
3. For the 7th decile:
36 value in the arranged data. Thus, is 86.
th
The cth percentile, , separates the lowest c% from the other (100-c)%. For example, the 10 th percentile
( separates the lowest 10% from the other 90%; 25 th percentile ( separates the lowest 25% from
the other 75%; while the 80th percentile ( separates the lowest 80% from the other 20%.
By definition:
is the 50th percentile

is the 2nd quartile
is the median
75
cth Percentile
EXAMPLE 5: Percentiles (Ungrouped Data)

The scores of 50 students in Math exam are given. Find the 10 th percentile, the 30th percentile, the 75th
percentile, and the 90th percentile.
Solution:
If the given raw score is not arranged, arranged it in ascending order.
40 65 73 79 90
45 66 73 81 91
48 67 75 83 91
51 69 75 83 92
56 69 76 84 93
59 71 77 86 95
59 71 78 87 96
61 71 78 87 96
64 73 78 89 98
65 73 79 89 99
10
65 73 79 89 99
1. For the 10th percentile:
Because is 5 (an integer) we add0.5 to locate position. Thus, 5+0.5 or 5.5 is where
located. The value of is between the 5th and the 6th terms.
56 + 59
2
Interpretation: In the Math Exam, 10% of the scores are smaller in value than 57.5, and 90% are larger.
Because is 15 (an integer) we add 0.5 to locate position. Thus, 15+0.5 or 15.5 is where
th
located. The value of is between the 15 and the 16th terms.
5 (75)
37 5
1 1
Because is 37.5 (not an integer), lies at the next larger 38. Thus, is the 38th
integer
value in the given data which is 87.
4. For the 90 th
percentile:
5 (9 )
45
1 1
Because is 45 (an integer) we add 0.5 to locate position. Thus, 45+0.5 or 45.5 is
th th
where located. The value of is between the 45 and the 46 terms.
93 + 95
9
2
A. B. C. D. E.
b. Get the values of the needed variables from the frequency distribution. Start by determining the
value of class. To do this, use the formula . Substitute the values k=3 and N=50

c. Using the computed value for the class 37.5, look at column to locate which class
interval it falls. The value that you look for can either be equal or greater than the
computed value of the class which is 37.5 .
d. Since you now have the which is 128-133, the rest of the needed values will come from
this interval.
e. After finding the values, substitute them in the formula.

•
•
•
 127 5
• 31 
9

6
37 5 31
127 5 + ( )6
9
65
127 5 + ( )6
9
*** Starting at this point, it is better to solve the equation by following the order of operation. It will give
you more precise answer because you will not round of your answers as you simplify it. Remember, you
will round-off on the final answer only.
65
127 5 + ( )6
9
(Divide 6.5 and 9, next is multiply the quotient by 6, and finally add 127.5)
The computed value of is 131.83. To check if this value is correct, it must be within the interval of the
Interpretation: In the given data set, 75% of the salaries are smaller in value than Php131.83, and 25%
are larger.
B. For :
a. Determine which class interval lies.
• (in the less than
cumulative frequency column, look for an
entry that is
BEQUAL or GREATER THAN)
• K=1
• 7
•
•
• 6
•
•
are larger.
C. For :
Determine which class interval lies.
•
•
•
•
 133 5
• 40
 1
•
45 4
9 133 5 + ( )6
1
5
9 133 5 + ( )6
1
are larger.
D. For :
 (EQUAL or GREATER THAN)
Frequency
Class Interval
f
134-139 10 50 �
128-133 9 40 �
2
122-127 8 31
116-121 1 23
110-115 5 22
104-109 2 17
98-103 9 15
92-97 5 6
𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
86 -91 1 1
N= 50
b. Find the needed variables within the .
•
•
•
•
• 6
•
•
are larger.
Frequency
Class Interval
f
134-139 10 50
128-133 9 40
E. For :
•
𝑃95 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
•
•
•
 133 5
• 40
 1
•
+( )
47 5 4
95 133 5 + ( )6
1
75
95 133 5 + ( )6
1
(7.5 divide by 10, multiplied by 6, add to 133.5)
95
Interpretation: In the given data set, 95% of the salaries are smaller in value than Php138, and 5% are
larger.
PRACTICE
Answer Vocabulary and Concepts, and Practice and Application I, numbers 1 and 2; Practice
and Application II, number 6; Practice and
Application III, number 9; and Practice and Application IV number 12. These
activities can be found on pages 282-283.Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
***Answer the “Response After” column of the Introductory Activity.
Practice and Application I LOWER AND UPPER QUARTILE
1.
Interpretation: In the given set of data, 25% of the data is lower than 12, and 75% higher.
2. * +
( + )
:
:
:
Practice and Application II
9. lower quartile, median, interquartile range, upper quartile
Scores Obtained in the f

Qualifying
Examination
60-74 5 3 𝑄3 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
0
45-59 8 25
30-44 10 17
15-29 5 7
0-14 2 2
N=3
0
For :
Divide 0.5 by 10, then multiply by 15, and last, add 29.5
Interpretation: In the scores in the qualifying examination, 25% are lower than 30.25, and 75% are
higher.
For :
Divide 8 by 10, then multiply by 15, and last, add 29.5
Interpretation: In the scores in the qualifying examination, 50% are lower than 41.5, and 50% are
higher.
For :
Divide 5.5 by 8, then multiply by 15, and last, add 44.5
Interpretation: In the scores in the qualifying examination, 75% are lower than 54.81 , and 25% are
higher.
Interquartile range= Upper quartile-lower quartile
=54.81-30.25=24.56
ACTIVITY SHEET 1.1

SCORE
Name:___________________________________________________________________________________ Date:_________________
***Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
I. Find the lower and upper quartile of each of the following data set. (4 points each)
1. 2.
II. Compute the median and the interquartile range of each of the following data set. (6 points)
III. For the given set of data, solve for the following. (2 points each)
Scores of 30 Students in a 15-item Math Quiz

12 12 14 11 9
8 9 10 15 10
8 7 5 7 11
5 9 10 15 12
6 7 13 13 10
5 6 11 12 15
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
ACTIVITY SHEET 1.2

SCORE
Name:___________________________________________________________________________________ Date:_________________
***Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Find the value of the given position for each of the given set of data. (10 points
each) 1.
Monthly Daily Wages Frequency
Php25, 000-Php 29, 000 10
Php20, 000-Php 24, 000 7
Php15, 000-Php 19, 000 12
Php10, 000-Php 14, 000 13
Php5, 000-Php 9, 000 8
a. b. c. d. e.
2.
Final Grade in Mathematics Frequency
93-95 5
90-92 4
87-89 15
84-86 6
81-83 10
78-80 5
75-77 2
a. b. c. d. e.

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MATHEMATICS 10 (4) MODULE 1: Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles

Each set of data in decile has 99 deciles. FALSE

MEASURES OF POSITION UNGROUPED DATA:

RULES FOR QUARTILE

Mendenhall and Sincich Method:

Upper quartile: 6.20 6th

Consider the data set

For the upper quartile:

For the median ( :

For the interquartile range:

23, 31, 37, 43, 44, 46, 52, 59, 68 n=9

Interquartile range=55.5-34= 21.5

EXAMPLE 2: The Quartiles (Ungrouped Data)

For the median:

EXAMPLE 5: Deciles ( Ungrouped Data )

1. For the 1st decile:

2. For the 4th decile:

3. For the 7th decile:

is the 50th percentile

EXAMPLE 5: Percentiles (Ungrouped Data)

1. For the 10th percentile:

2. For the 30th percentile:

3. For the 75th percentile:

e. After finding the values, substitute them in the formula.

b. Find the needed variables within the .

***Answer the “Response After” column of the Introductory Activity.

Practice and Application I LOWER AND UPPER QUARTILE

Practice and Application II

9. lower quartile, median, interquartile range, upper quartile

Scores Obtained in the f

Divide 8 by 10, then multiply by 15, and last, add 29.5

Interquartile range= Upper quartile-lower quartile

ACTIVITY SHEET 1.1

***Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Scores of 30 Students in a 15-item Math Quiz

ACTIVITY SHEET 1.2

***Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

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