UNIT-V - Brick Masonry - (Part-2)

Unit-V Brick Masonry
(Part-2)
Design of Brick Masonry COLUMNS

Problems
( ONLY FOR INTERNAL CICULATION WITHIN SSNCE )
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Cracks and failures in brick masonry
Compiled by Dr Y.K.Sabapathy,
11-04-2017 2
Prof., Civil Engg Dept.,SSNCE
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PROBLEMS IN BRICK MASONRY
COLUMNS
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notations in
the code book
IS 1905-1987
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All the notations
used in this ppt is
same as the
notations given in
the code book
11-04-2017
Prof., Civil Engg Dept.,SSNCE IS 1905-1987 9
All the notations
used in this ppt is
same as the
notations given in
the code book
IS 1905-1987
11-04-2017 10
About Brick Columns
Slenderness Ratio: Columns
As an isolated member, a column does not gain
from the lateral support provided in the
longitudinal direction by the adjacent elements
of a wall. The slenderness ratio of a column
must, therefore, be checked in two directions,
and the worst case used to determine the
design strength.
.
11-04-2017 11
About Brick Columns
Slenderness Ratio: Columns
The effective height of a column is defined as
the distance between lateral supports, or twice
the actual height in respect of a direction in
which lateral support is not provided.
This is illustrated in Figure 5.27 and Table 5.14.
11-04-2017 12
IN THIS beam- column
ARRANGEMENT, the beam
Column Restrained in
above the column WILL NOT
allow the column to move in
both the directions
both the X-X and Y-Y
directions, which indicates -
IT IS RESTRAINED ALONG
BOTH X-X & Y-Y DIRECTIONS
.
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IN THIS beam- column Column Restrained in both the
ARRANGEMENT, the beam directions
above the column WILL NOT
both the X-X and Y-Y
Ref. IS 1905 –Page 13
directions, which indicates -
IT IS RESTRAINED ALONG
BOTH X-X & Y-Y DIRECTIONS
.
NOTE
11-04-2017 14
Column Restrained in only one directions
IN THIS ARRANGEMENT
beam- column, the beam
above the column WILL allow
the column to move ONLY in
Y-Y direction and WILL NOT
X-X direction – i.e . IT IS
RESTRAINED ALONG X-X
DIRECTIONS .
11-04-2017 15
IN THIS ARRANGEMENT
beam- column, the beam Ref. IS 1905 –Page 13
above the column WILL allow
the column to move ONLY in
Y-Y direction and WILL NOT
X-X direction – i.e . IT IS
RESTRAINED ALONG X-X
DIRECTIONS .
11-04-2017 16
EFFECTIVE HEIGHT OF COLUMN
When,
Column is Restrained ( in x-x or y-y direction)
Then, effective height (h)= actual height (H)
i.e. h = 1.0 H (along that direction)
Column is NOT Restrained
then., effective height (h)= TWICE actual height (H)
i.e. h = 2.0 H (along that direction)
11-04-2017 17
Problem no 10
Determine the allowable axial load on the
column of size 30 cm x 60 cm constructed with
first class brick work in 1:6 cement mortar using
modular bricks size of 200 x 100 x 100, height of
pier between the footing and top of slab is 5.1m
The strength of unit may be taken as 10Mpa.
AUQ AUQ
Apr/May Nov/Dec
2015 2013
Note: allowable axial load = Permissible load

11-04-2017 18
IS 1905 –TABLE 1
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Problem no 10
Given: Column size = 300 x 600 mm
Height of pier = 5.1m
Strength of unit = 10 N/mm2 ( CRUSHING STRENGTH)
Cement mortar =1:6
1) Effective height of column
=1.00H
=1.0 X 5.1 = 5.1m (ref- page no 11 table 4 (IS: 1905-1987)
See previous
2)Basic compressive stress slide
(ref- page no 6 table 1 & page no 16 table 8 (IS: 1905-1987)
The grade of mortar was confirmed to M2 (table 1)
Basic compressive stress = fb = 0.81 N/mm2 (table 8)
11-04-2017
Prof., Civil Engg Dept.,SSNCE See next slide
20
IS 1905- TABLE 8 Strength of masonry
unit (given) = 10Mpa
=10 N/mm2
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IS 1905- TABLE 4
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Problem no 10
3) Area reduction factor
=300 x 600
=180000 mm2
=0.18m2
Applying
ka = 0.7 + 1.5A (ref. page no 16, IS-1905)
= 0.7 + 1.5 (0.18)
= 0.97
ka = 0.97
11-04-2017 23
BRICK
DIMENSIONS
GIVEN
100 mm
Brick unit dimensions

Height = 100 mm ,
width = 100 mm
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Problem no 10
4) Shape modification factor (ref.table 10 page no 17)
Height to width ratio=100/100=1
Shape modification factor (Kp ) = 1.1
5) Load factor
For axial load=1
For eccentric load=1.2
KL=1 (for axial column)
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Problem no 10
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Height of
column
Lateral
dimension
of column
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Problem no 10
6) Stress reduction factor (ref page no 16 table 9 (IS: 1905-1987)
Slenderness ratio of wall
= effective height /least lateral dimension
= 5.1 /0.3 = 17
Stress reduction factor (ks) =0.7
7) Fca = fb x ka x kp x kL X ks
= 0.81 x 0.97 x 1.1 x 1 x 0.7 = 0.604 N/mm2
Allowable Axial load P is obtained using fca
where fca =P/A
therefore P = fcaX A
11-04-2017 = 0.604 X (300 X 600) =108.72kN ….. (Ans)
28
IS 1905 - Table no 9, page 16
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Problem no 11
A column of size 300 x 550 mm constructed in first
class brick in 1:6 cement mortar using modular
bricks size of 200 x 200 x 100 height of pier
between footing and top slab is 4.5m.The strength
of the unit may be taken as 10N/mm2 Calculate
compressive stress for applied at eccentricity of
100mm.
(AUC Nov/Dec
2012)
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In this problem the BRICK
DIMENSIONS is given as
200 mm
dimensions of Brick unit considered for design

Height = 200 mm , width = 200 mm
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IS 1905- TABLE 4
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Problem no 11
Given Data:
Column Size = 300 x 550 mm
See previous
Height = 4.5m, Strength = 10 N/mm2 slide
Cement mortar = 1:6 ,
Step-1 Effective height [ ref. page no 11 table 4 (IS: 1905) ]
Effective height = 1 x 4.5 = 4.5m
Step-2 Basic compressive stress ( fb )= 0.81 N/mm2
Step-3 See next slide
Area reduction factor = 300 x 550=165000 mm2
= 0.165m2 ( ref. IS 1905 page no 16)
ka = 0.7+1.5A = 0.7+1.5(0.165) = 0.94
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33
PROBLEM NO: 11
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Problem no 11
Step-4 - Shape modification factor (kp)
(IS 1905 page no 16) NOTE - The cross section brick
unit is taken as 200 x 200
Height to width ratio
=200/200 = 1.0 ( IS 1905 table 10 )
Shape modification factor = kp =1.1 (see next slide)
Step-5 - Load factor( kL)
For axial load = 1
For eccentric load = 1.2
k L = 1.2 (for eccentrically loaded column)
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IS 1905 - Table no 9, page 16
0.66333168
0.66333168
11-04-2017 36
Problem no 11
Step-6 - Stress reduction factor ( ks )
( IS 1905 page no 16 table 9 )
Slenderness ratio
= effective height/least lateral dimension
= 4.5/0.3 = 15
Stress reduction factor = ks = 0.66
Step-7
fc = fb x Ka x Kp x KL x Ks
= 0.81 x 0.94 x 1.1 x 1.2 x 0.66 = 0.6633 N/mm2
compressive stress
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NOTE :
11-04-2017 38
PROBLEM NO: 12
Calculate the safe load carrying capacity of a
brick column of size 300 x 400mm constructed
with nominal bricks of basic compressive
strength 10Mpa in CM 1:5. The column supports
a roof truss in one direction. Show that the load
is transferred to the column without eccentricity
height of the column from top of foundation to
bottom of roof truss is 2.5m. AU
May / Jun -
2012
11-04-2017 39
PROBLEM NO: 12
Given Data:
1) Column dimension = 300 x 400 mm.
2) Basic compressive stress = fb = 10 Mpa =10N/mm2
3) Grade of mortar = M1 ( ref. table 1 for CM 1:5)
4) Height of column = 2.5 m
11-04-2017 40
PROBLEM NO: 12
Step-1 Basic compressive stress
fb= 0.96N/m2
Step-2
To find effective height
A column is laterally supported than
x-x direction = h =1 x H
y-y direction = h =1 x H
A column is laterally unsupported Refer
x-x direction = h = 2 x H
y-y direction = h = 2 x H
11-04-2017 41
PROBLEM NO: 12
The column is laterally supported
hx= 1 x 2.5 = 2.5m
hy= 2 x 2.5 = 5 m
Slenderness ratio in x = 2500/300 = 8.33
Slenderness ratio in y = 5000/400 = 12.5
for e = 0, ks =0.825 See next
slide
( Note : ks value should be the least of the value

calculated for above two slenderness ratio)
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From – IS 1905 Table 9, page no 6
e/t
e= eccentricity,
11-04-2017
Prof., Civil Engg Dept.,SSNCE t= thickness43
INTERPOLATION
Y1=0.84
X Y
X1 12
X 12.5 Y=
X2 14
Y1 0.84 Y2=0.78
Y ? X1 =12 X2 =14
Y2 0.78
X  X1 Y  Y1

X 2  X 1 Y 2  Y1
12.5  12 Y  0.84

14  12 0.78  0.84
(0.78  0.84)
Y  0.84  (12.5  12) 
Compiled by Dr Y.K.Sabapathy, (14  12)44
YProf.,Civil0Engg
11-04-2017
.825 Dept.,SSNCE
PROBLEM NO: 12
Step3
Cross sectional area
= 300 x 400 =120000 mm2 = 0.12m2
The area is less 0.2m2
ka= 0.7 + 1.5A
= 0.7+1.5 x 0.12 = 0.88,
ka= 0.88
11-04-2017 45
PROBLEM NO: 12
11-04-2017 46
PROBLEM NO: 12
Step-4
Shape modification factor
= Height of brick / width of brick
= 75/100 =0.75
Ks = 1,
Stress increment factor ki =1
fc = fb x Ks x Ka x Kp x Ki
fc = 0.96 x 0.825 x 0.88 x 1 x 1 = 0.6969 N/mm2
Psafe = 0.6969 x (400 x 300) = 83.63 kN.….Ans
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11-04-2017 48
11-04-2017 49
11-04-2017 50
Problem no 13
Calculate the safe axial load for a brick column
of size 300 x 300mm with an effective height of
3m in both directions. Masonry is made with
modular bricks of basic compressive strength
7.5Mpa in cement mortar ratio 1:6. assign that
the load acts without eccentricity.
AUQ –
May / Jun 2012
11-04-2017 51
PROBLEM NO: 13
Given Data:
Column Size = 300 x 300 mm
Effective height = 3m
Brick type = modular bricks (200 x 200 x 100)
Basic compressive strength = 7.5Mpa
e=0
Step-1
Safe axial load (Psafe )
Psafe = [ fb x Ks x Ka x Kp x Ki ] x (cross section area)
Mortar 1:6 , fb=0.59
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PROBLEM NO: 13
8
11-04-2017 53
PROBLEM NO: 13
Step-2 Stress Reduction Factor (ks)
Slenderness ratio = effective height/thickness
or
effective length/thickness
Slenderness = 3000/300 = 10mm
ks= 0.89 from table 9 page no 16
Step-3
Cross sectional area of the column is
300 x 300 =0.09m2
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11-04-2017 55
PROBLEM NO: 13
The area is less than 0.2m2
So ka= 0.7 + 1.5A
= 0.7 + 1.5 X 0.09
ka = 0.835
Step-4
Shape modification factor
Height of brick/width of brick = 200/200=1
kp= 1.1 from table 10 page no 17
11-04-2017 56
PROBLEM NO: 13
Step-5
Stress increment factor = Ki = 1
Step-6
fc = fb x Ks x Ka x Kp x Ki
fc= 0.59 x 0.89 x 0.835 x 1.1 x 1
= 0.4823 N/mm2
Psafe = 0.4823 x (300 x 300)
= 43.407 kN. ….Ans
11-04-2017 57
PROBLEM NO: 14
Calculate the allowable compressive stress on a
column 30cmx60cm constructed in first class
brick work in 1:6 cement mortar. Using modular
brick 200x100x100mm, the height of the pier
between the footing and the top slab is 5.1m.
The strength of units may be assumed as 10Mpa
if the load was applied at an eccentricity of
100mm above the major axis of bending.
Column With AUQ -

Eccentric Load Nov/Dec 2013
11-04-2017 58
PROBLEM NO: 14
Size of column =30 x 60cm
Ratio of mortar =1:6
Grade of mortar =M2
Size of the brick =200 x 100 x 200mm
Height of the pier =5.1m
Compressive strength of the brick =10Mpa
11-04-2017 59
PROBLEM NO: 14
Step-1
Permissible Compressive stress = fc

fc = fb x Ka x Kp x Ks x Kl
fb = 0.81 Mpa ( from table 8, for M2 grade of mortar
and crushing strength of masonry 10 Mpa )
11-04-2017 60
PROBLEM NO: 14
11-04-2017 61
PROBLEM NO: 14
Step-2 Area reduction factor
Area of the column=0.3 x 0.6 = 0.18m2
Slenderness ratio = hx/t = 5100/300 = 17
=hy/t = 10200/600 = 17
Take 17 as slenderness ratio
eccentricity e=100mm
e/t = 100/600 = 0.1667
[ refer table no 9 page no 16 to get area reduction
factor ( ks ) ]
for slenderness ratio=17 and e/t = 0.1667
ks = 0.4645
11-04-2017 62
PROBLEM NO: 14
Step-3 Load factor
kL=1.25
ka= 0.7+ (1.5A) = 0.7+1.5 x 0.18 = 0.97
ka= 0.97
Step-4 Shape factor
Height to width ratio of brick = 100/100 = 1
Strength=10Mpa
[ Refer table 10, IS 1905 ]
Kp=1.1
11-04-2017 63
PROBLEM NO: 14
Step-5 Stress reduction factor
Slenderness ratio=effective height/thickness
The column is laterally restrained in xx direction
Effective height hx= 1x h = 1 x 5100 = 5100
hy= 1 x h = 2 x 5100 = 10200 mm
Slenderness ratio in x = 5100/300 = 17
Slenderness ratio in y = 10200/600 = 17
for e = 100, t= 600 Do correction See next
e/t = 100 /600 = 1/6 ks =0.825 slide
( Note : ks value should be takenCompiled
considering the least of the value
by Dr Y.K.Sabapathy,
11-04-2017 64
calculated for above two slenderness ratio)
List of commonly used Tables in IS 1905
SL. TABLE NO: DETAILS What We Can
NO Find
1 TABLE 1 Mix proportion and strength of mortars for
masonry
2 TABLE 2 Thickness and spacing of stiffening walls t
3 TABLE 4 Effective Height Of Walls h
4 TABLE 5 Effective Length Of Walls le
5 TABLE 6 Stiffening Coefficient For Walls
Stiffened By Piers, Buttresses Or Cross Walls
6 TABLE 7 Maximum Slenderness Ratio For SR (max.)
A Load Bearing Wall
7 TABLE 8 Basic Compressive Stresses For Masonry
fb
8 TABLE 9 Stress Reduction Factor For
Slenderness Ratio And Eccentricity
kS
9 TABLE 10 Shape Modification Factor For Masonry Units
kp
11-04-2017 65
From – IS 1905 Table 9, page no 6
e/t
e= eccentricity,
11-04-2017
Prof., Civil Engg Dept.,SSNCE t= thickness66
PROBLEM NO: 14
Step-5 Stress reduction factor
Slenderness ratio=effective height/thickness
The column is laterally restrained in xx direction
Effective height hx= 1xh = 1 x 5100 = 5100
hy= 1xh = 2 x 5100 = 10200 mm
Step-6 for e = 100, ks =0.825
fc = fb x Ka x Ks x Kp x KL
= 0.81 x 0.97 x 0.825 x 1.1 x 1.25

= 0.891 N/mm2.
Result:
Allowable compressive stress = 0.891 N/mm2.
11-04-2017 67
End of this part
&
End of syllabus
11-04-2017 68

UNIT-V - Brick Masonry - (Part-2)

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UNIT-V - Brick Masonry - (Part-2)

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Unit-V Brick Masonry

Design of Brick Masonry COLUMNS

( ONLY FOR INTERNAL CICULATION WITHIN SSNCE )

Note: allowable axial load = Permissible load

Brick unit dimensions

dimensions of Brick unit considered for design

( Note : ks value should be the least of the value

Column With AUQ -

Permissible Compressive stress = fc

= 0.81 x 0.97 x 0.825 x 1.1 x 1.25

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