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Transverse Load
perpendicular to longitudinal axis of beam
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5K27dJqGpf8
Moment and Bending moment
Moment:
It is the product of force and perpendicular
distance between line of action of the force and
the point about which moment is required to be
calculated.
SFD:
The diagram which shows the variation of shear
force along the length of the beam is called Shear
Force Diagram (SFD).
BMD:
The diagram which along the length shows the
variation of bending moment of the beam is called
Bending Moment Diagram (BMD).
Sign Conversion for S.F
F
F
F
F
Convexity
Sign Conversion for B.M Cont…
Hogging B.M
Bending moment that tends to bend the beam to a
curvature having convexity at the top.
Convexity
Application of SFD & BMD
To know the exact placement of
reinforcement in the structure to counteracts
the force and moment.
for shear - stirrups are used in lateral direction
For bending - bars are used in longitudinal
direction
Point of Contra flexure :
It is the point on the bending moment
diagram where B.M changes the sign from
+ve to –ve or vice versa.
Important points for drawing SFD and BMD
1. Length of S.F.D and B.M.D must be equal to the
span of the beam.
2. S.F.D is drawn below the loaded beam and B.M.D
is drawn below S.F.D
3. For Simply supported beam B.M is zero at the
supports.
4. For cantilever beam B.M will be zero at free end.
5. Calculate S.F and B.M at all critical points
6. If no load is present between two points, then S.F
will be constant.
7. Consider the left or right side portion of the section
Important points for drawing SFD and BMD
Cont…
8. Add the forces (including reaction) normal to the
beam on one of the portion. (By considering sign
conversion)
9. The positive values of S.F and B.M are plotted
above the base line and Negative values below the
base line
10. The S.F.D will increase or degrease suddenly i.e.
by a vertical straight line at a section where there is
a vertical point load.
11. The S.F between any two vertical loads will be
constant and hence the S.F.D between two vertical
loads will be horizontal.
Relationship Between w, F, and M