2/5/23, 6:41 PM Amateur radio site - stoom

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FAST BATTERIES
Demand for lithium-ion batteries is constantly growing, but the raw materials for their manufacture are limited, and scientists
are looking for other options for this technology. Russian researchers from Skoltech, RCTU and IPCP have synthesized new
cathode materials based on polymers and tested them in lithium two-ion batteries. They showed that such cathodes can
withstand up to 25,000 cycles of operation, and also be charged in a few seconds, which exceeds the capabilities of modern
lithium-ion batteries. Also, with the use of new cathodes, potassium two-ion batteries can be created that do not use
expensive lithium. The results of the work were published in the journal Energy Technology.
Continuation...

POWER SUPPLY ON THE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER OPA549

(521 votes)

Characteristics

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* 30VDC power input

* 5VDC power logic * 1.2V to 25VDC output
*
Load current limit adjustable from 0 to 10A
* Thermal shutdown LED indicator

This is a small power supply based on the OPA549 operational amplifier, provides an output voltage from 1.2 to 25 V with an
adjustable current limit from 0 to 10 A. Two built-in potentiometers are designed to adjust the voltage and current, LED D1 is a
temperature indicator. The circuit operates with 30V DC input power and 5V logic power. The IC requires a large heatsink to
handle the full 10A current range. The OPA549 is a voltage and current op amp ideal for driving a variety of loads. The OPA549 is
internally protected against overheating and overcurrent. In addition, the OPA549 provides an accurate, user-selectable current
limit. Unlike other designs that use a "power" resistor in series with the output, the OPA549 indirectly senses the load. This allows
you to adjust the current limit from 0A to 10A with a resistor/potentiometer, or digitally control with a digital-to-analog converter
(DAC) with output or output current. The Enable/Status (E/S) pin provides two functions. It can be monitored to determine if the
device is in a thermal shutdown state and can be forced low to turn off the output stage and effectively shed the load. The
OPA549 is available in an 11-pin package. Its copper base allows for easy attachment to a heatsink for excellent thermal
performance. Performance is specified over an extended industrial temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. whether the device is in
a thermal shutdown state and can be forced low to turn off the output stage and effectively disconnect the load. The OPA549 is
available in an 11-pin package. Its copper base allows for easy attachment to a heatsink for excellent thermal
performance. Performance is specified over an extended industrial temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. whether the device is in
a thermal shutdown state and can be forced low to turn off the output stage and effectively disconnect the load. The OPA549 is
available in an 11-pin package. Its copper base allows for easy attachment to a heatsink for excellent thermal
performance. Performance is specified over an extended industrial temperature range of -40°C to +85°C.
Although the OPA549 is designed to allow output currents up to 10A, it is not recommended that the device be operated
continuously at this level. The maximum allowable continuous current is 8A. Continuous operation of the OPA549 at output
currents greater than 8A degrades long-term reliability.

Source: http://www.electronics-lab.com/

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SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY 1000W ON IGBT TRANSISTORS

(118 votes)
The power part is  assembled in a bridge circuit on powerful IGBT transistors B1-B4 (there is no EMI filter in the circuit). D1-D4 -
diode bridge. R6 and RS1 - soft start circuit, provides a gradual charge of the filter capacitor C3, eliminating the current
surge. C5, R7, R8 - PWM controller startup circuit. C2, R10 - damping circuit. LR1-LR2, D5-D8, R9, WR - output current
adjustment.

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List of power unit radio components:

Fuses
F1- 5A

IGBT transistors
B1, B2, B3, B4 - G20N60
 
 Diodes
D1, D2, D3, D6 - 6A10 ( 6A 1000V)
D7, D8, D9, D10 - 4148

Capacitors
C1 - 2.2uF 630V
C2 - 332 630V (3300pF, 3.3nF, 0.0033uF )
C3 - 600uF 400V electrolytic
C4 - 220uF 400V electrolytic
C5 - 22uF 400V electrolytic
C6 - 104 (100nF, 0.1uF)

Resistors
RB1, RB2, RB3 , RB4 - 3.3K
R5 - 10K
R6 -100/10W
R7 - 10K/2W
R8 - 120K/2W
R9 - 150
R10 - 51/10W
RW - 510 Trimmer

Relay
RS1- 12V 10A

LR1, LR2 - current transformer

ferrite ring 20 * 12 * 6 2000NM, secondary winding LR2 - 100 turns of wire 0.12-0.15 mm2, primary winding LR1 - jumper passed
through the ring.

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PM1 The PWM controller block is assembled on TL494 and IR2181 microcircuits, capable of controlling powerful IGBT or
MOSFET transistors with a current of up to 60A. Using this block, it is possible to build a powerful power supply unit according to
the bridge circuit from 1 to 3 kW.

List of PWM controller radio components:

Chips
TL494
IR2181 - 2 pcs.

Diodes
UF 407 - 2 pcs.
Zener 18V

Capacitors
224 (200n, 0.22uF) - 3pcs
103 (10n, 0.01uF) - 2pcs.
102 (1000pF, 1n) - 1 pc.
100uF*35V – 1pc.
100uF*16V - 1pc.

Resistors
10 - 4pcs.
51 - 1 pc.
1K - 4pcs.
2K - 5 pcs.
10K - 1pc
15K - 1pc.
82K - 2 pcs.

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Secondary circuits with unipolar supply and power transformer

The power transformer is made on the core EE55 material N87. Primary winding N1 - 0.35*6=35 turns, N2,N3 - 0.55*10=6+6
turns, N4-0.55=3 turns, N5 - 0.55=2 turns.

Inductor L1 is made on the core EE55 material N87 0.55 * 20 = 9 wikis

Stabilizer V1 - 12V, fan power supply and relay Rs1. Stabilizer V2 - 18V, PWM controller power supply. WR1 - output voltage
adjustment.

 Secondary circuits with bipolar supply and power transformer

  

The power transformer is made on an EE55 core material N87 (when calculated by the Lite-CalcIT program, core size: E
42/21/20 N87). Primary winding N1 - 0.35*6=35 turns, N2,N3 - 0.55*4=9+9 turns, N4-0.55=3 turns, N5 - 0.55=2 turns.

Inductor L1a L1b is made on the core EE55 material N87 0.55 * 10 = 9 + 9 wicks (opposite winding direction).

Stabilizer V1 - 12V, fan power supply and relay Rs1. Stabilizer V2 - 18V, PWM controller power supply. WR1 - output voltage
adjustment.

Control unit printed circuit board ....>>> here 

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