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B ABCmHOTO DpCX0AB0 BpeMe, IC0raTO B D0.Qn0JKeHHTC Ha H3DHT8IDDI BCXOBHH
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ISBN 954-430-221-2

e _MaprapRTa Maxaffnosa BaCBJieaa - C'bCTaaHTCJicrao, npeAI'()aop, peAaxmm, 1981,

1994 - ' .
<O MaprapRTa MH:xa.AJioaa BaCHJieea - cryAIDJ, 1994
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Ha ,ll;QCT'bDeH e3HK, TOH HMa MHOro6poHHH qffTaTeJIH H cpe,ll; IIIHpOKaTa
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.zzyxoBHaTa onopa Ha CBOHTe KOpeHH, KoraTo ce o6pom;a K'bM
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c6upu Ha ,[{. MapHHOB OCTaBa Bee TaKa aKTY~Ha. Hacromn;oro
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nmpoKHTe o6m;ecTBeHH HHTepecH.
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3aCJ!YElBa cneD;HaJIHO H3CJie,ll;BaHe, B KoeTO OT nHCTaHD;IDITa Ha
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o6m;eCTBeHIDI, HaytIHIDI H KYJITYPHHH }KHBOT Ha cnenocB060::llC,r(eHc~a
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 II )H1MHT1,P MAPHHoa

KopecnoHAeH~, na~eHa a H3BecTHH HaIIIH apX11Boxpammm1~a1• t 51

BKJIIOtJBa· OKOJIO 200 nHCMa, panopTH H ,n;pyrH ,IJ;OK}'MCHTH, KOHTO TOH
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eAHH ,n;OCTa npo,n;'bJIJKHTeJieH nepHo,n; OT ~890 ,n;o 1919 r. BC'blQHOCT
TOBa e BpeMeTO Ha HeroaaTa HaH-aKTHBHa ,IJ;eHHOCT.
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33 Her:o BHCOKa o~eHKa. Te pa3IIIHpHBaT )J;OK}'MeHTaJIHaTa OCHOBa 3a
H3CJie,n;osaTeJicKa pa6oTa H YUJI'bTHHBaT npe,o;cTaaaTa HH 3a
pa3JIHllHH're MY H3HBH. MHoro6poHHHTe 3ana3eHH IIHCMa H ,n;pyrH
,IJ;OK}'MeHTH C'b,D;'bpxaT pe,n;H~a no,n;po6HOCTH 33 H3yq:HHTe 33MHCJIH H
aM6mom Ha ,n;. MapHHOB, . 33 KOHKpeTHHTe CT'bilKH npH THXHOTO
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roIDIMaTa qaCT OT pa3r11e~aHaTa KopecnoHAe~.
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70-re ro,n;BHH Ha MHHaJIIDI BeK no JIHqffO C'bCTaBeHa npo_ rpaMa (cnope.n;
co6CTBeHo:ro MY TB'bp,n;eHHe). HeHHaTa mHpOTa ,n;Hec HaMHpaMe
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nmne ,IJ;O o'bnrapcKOTO KHHXOBHO ,IJ;pyxe~'J'.BO 3a co6paHIDI aeqe
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IIepe:o)J;H'qecKO CIIHCaHHe. Ilo C'bID;OTO BpeMe, KaKTO IlOKa3BaT pe)J;~a
IlBCMa2, IlO,IJ; BJIWIHHe Ha J1B. ,n;. IlhunMaHOB, TOraaa rJiaBeH HHCileKTOp
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IlO,JJ;KpenaTa Ha MHHHCT'bp f eopm )KiraKOB H H3,IJ;aBa Il'bpBHTe TpH
KHHI'H OT ,,.}l{ima CT~pHHa". 3a TOBa caMIDIT MapHHOB IlHille Ha r.
.}l{iml{OB B IIHCMOTO CH OT 3 MaH 1892 r.: ,,BTopaTa KHHra seqe 3a
HHKOJIKO ,n;HH m;e H3Jie3He H m;e 60,o;e rOToBa. Ilpe,o; MeHe ca IlOMOID;HTe,
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C'b.Q'bpxaBBeTo Ha T})eTaTa KHHra H cTe .QaJIH 3an0Be,o; ,o;a ce
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1
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Ha Ta3H KOpecn0ll,l(CHQWI, KaICTO a WIJC0H OT IlO-HHTepecmm; IlHCMaBeqe ny6mncyBax. Bx.
B a C H 11 C B a, M. ~ p MapHHOB (lib CnHCT011apH0T0 HaCIIe,ttCTB0 Ha 6e11CJKHTIDI
emorpa4>). - BE, 1990, M4, 45-54; J13 aeny611HICyBaHaTa Kopecnoll,l(e~ Ha ,nmnrri,p
MapHHoB. - BE, 1990, M4, 55-59; MS, 45-53.
2
HA- BAH, 4>. 11 K, on. 3, a. e. 9'11, 11. 4, 5, 8-9, 12--14.
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3
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RBHo OKYJ)aJKCH OT pa3BHTH eTO Ha HeIQaTa , MapHHO B e 3anaJieH OT
H,D;eHTa ,o;a H3CJie,o;Ba Hapo,o;HaTa KYJITYPa B ~aTa c-rpaHa. 3a cBoH
aM6~o 3eH 1 DJiaH Tt>ii: IlHIIIe Ha J.18. UhmIMa HoB oIQe npe3 anpHJI
1892 r., C'b06IQaBaiiKH My, 11e B'b3HaMepHBa Aa npeB'bpHe ,,)Kima
CTapHH a" B'bB ,,4>0JIKJIOpHO CilHCaHee" OT 20 nopeAHU KHHI'H. Cnope,n;
3aMHC'b Jla CH MapHHO B CMHTa Aa OC'bIQCCTBH TOBa ,,e,n;eaJIHO
( 4>aHTaCTH11CCKO) npeAHat1epTaltHe", KaTO AOC'b6epe Heo6XOAHMHH
Marepu an B CJICABannITe TPH roAHHH H ro ny6nHK}'Ba no,npeAeH no
0Kp'b3H 4.
3ana3eHHTe IlHCMa AaBaT B'b3M0]Kff0CT Aa ,ce npoCJieAH Mapm-
pyn,T Ha OOHKOJIKHTe, KOHTO TOH npeADpH CMa 03 CTPaHaT a 33 CBOHTe
,,MHJIH emorpa4>u11ecKH npoyqBa HWI". Ilpe3 HH}'apH--4>eBpyapH
1892 r. C'b6upa MarepHaJJ:H H3 PyceHcKo, a JIHTOTO Ha C'bIQaTa ro,D;HHa e
B Cpe,D;Ha ·CeBepHa 6'bJirap WI. I1pe3 anpHJI H MaH 1893 r. o6HKaJIH
OTHOBO 3anaAH a 6'bJirap WI, 3a Aa C'b6epe KOHKpCTHH DpHMepH 33
c6epKH Te CH no HapoAHO o6Htiaii Ho npaBo. Me~pe MeHH o
no.zq,eJK,D;a C'b6paHHre MarepHaJIH H pa6oTH B'bpxy p'bKOilHCHTe Ha
CBOHTe KHHI'H. CneA npeMecTBaHeTo MY B Co4>WI npe3 cenreMB pH
1893 r. H nOCJieABaJIHTe npoMeHH B 3aeMaHHTe AJI'b]KHOCTH MapHHOB
npeK'bC Ba BpeMeHHO Hapo,n;oyqmrre CH H3CJieABaHWI, 6e3 Aa ce OTKa3Ba
OT CBOHTa e,n;eH e MaIQa6Ho HatiepTaH IlJlaH. KaKTO JIH'tlH OT nO-K'bCHH
HeroBH DHCMa AO J.1B. llIHIIIMaHOB , c KOMaffAHPOBKa, OTnyCHaTa MY,OT ·
5

rora11amHHsr MHHHCT'bp Ha npocsem eHHeTo CT. Eo6t1eB, TOH npaBu

HOBB H3CJIC,D;BaHWI npe3 JIHTOTO Ha 1911 r. B lliOBAHBCKO H -Ctapo-
3aropcKO, a npe3 Maii: 1912 r. - B'bB BapHeHcKo ·H CHJIHCTPCHCKO.
ToraBa C'bo6maBa H 3a HaMepeHHeTo CH ,n;a 3aMHHe 3a CTaHHMaKa u
Ile~epa . ToBa ca BC'b~O CT CAHH OT nOCJieAHHTe eKcne, n;~H Ha ,[(.
MapHHo B.
Jfirrepe cHO e, qe B KpaH Ha 1900 r., KOraTO B C6opHH K 3a Hapo,o;HH
}'MOTBOpeHIDI ~ Ha6Hpa p'bKOilHC'bT Ha ,,rpa,o;HBO 3a BCIQCCTBeHaTa
K}'JITYPa Ha 3ana,o;Ha 6'bnrap WI", MapHHOB c'bo6ma Ba OT IJ;aperpa,o; Ha
pe,o;aKTOpa J.1B. illHUIMa HoB, 11e KHHraTa e 6Hna roToBa Karo neTa
nope,o; OT ,,.)I{ima cTapHHa" ome B KpaH Ha 1894 r ., 3a Aa ce o6~apo,o;Ba
B 1895 r .: ,,IlnaH'b T MH 6eme TaK'bB, IQOTO npe3 BCHKa e,o;Ha ro,o;HHa ,o;a
H3JIH3a no e,o;Ha KHWKKa . H BHpBax, qe Ha11an0To Ha XX B. meme ,o;a

3
BHA - HBKM, 4>. 320, a. e. 38, JI. 28-29.
4
HA- BAH, 4>. 11 K, on, 3, a. e. 911, n. 23-24.
5
IlaJC TaM, a e. 915, JI. 7-8, 9-!0, 13-14.
IV /1,HMHT1 ,P MAPHHo a

H3rrpaTH MOHTe .o;eceT H3Jie3Ha JIH KHlDKKH H m;eme .o;a IlO3,o;paB H Il'bpBOTO
3'bpHO OT 6poeHH:QaTa Ha BTopaTa .o;eceTKa Ha ,,)l(lma CTapHHa".6
Hec'bMH eHo TOH e HMaJI npHqHHH .o;a OTCT'bilH OT Il'bpBOHat.JarrHID{ CB
IlJiaH 3a CaMOCTO HTeJIHO OTneqaT BaHe Ha .KHHrHTe OT ,,)Klfaa CTapHHa ".
KaKTO no.o;cKa3BaT HH~OH MeCTa B IlHCMaTa, <f>HHaHCOBH C'b06paxeHBH
rrpHHyJK.AaaaT aaTopa .o;a ny6JIH.K}'Ba neTaTa KHHra KaTo npIDiollCeHBe Ha
C6HY. C rronyqeH HTe cpe.o;cTBa TOH CMHTa .o;a HanpaBH HOBB
H3CJie,o;B aHIDI.
Ilo.o;o6H o OTCT'bilJieHHe OT Il'bpBOHaqaJIHO o6HBeHIDI IlJiaH e B
o6Hapo,o;BaHeTO Ha Tpy.o;a ,,Hapo.o;Ha BHpa H peJIHrH03HH irnpo.o;HH
06ffqaH" B C'b~ c6opHHK. Ilo T0Ba BpeMe (1914) ,[(. MapHHOB cno.o;eIDI
C MB. illHruMa HOB, qe pa3IlOJia ra C MaTepHa rrH 3a om;e HaH-MaJI KO mecT-
ce.o;eM TOMa. Ha 24 <f>eapya.pH c. r. H3npam;a 3aHBJieHHe .o;o npe.o;ce.o;aTeIDI
Ha Hci-opHKO -<f>HJIOJ IOrHt.JeC KIDI OT,o;eJI Ha .AKa.o;eM HHTa C HCKaHe 3a
IlOMOIIJ; OT 600-70 0 JIB., C KOHTO .o;a o6xo.o;H ,,HOBHTe 3eMH", T. e.
IOXHHTe TepHTOp HH, rronyqeH H B . pe3yJITa T Ha EYKYPem ;KIDI MBpea
.o;oroaop cne.o; Me:xc.o;yc'hl03HHt.JecKaT~ aoiiHa OT 1913 r. B C'h~OTo
3aHBJieHHe 11eTeM: ,,,[(ocera - npe3 TpH,o;eceT ro.o;HHH, a3 ycnHX .D;a
o6HKOJUI :QfillOTO :u;apcTBO, BCHl.JKH rpa,u;oae, KpaHm;a H cena, H C'b6pax
OHIDI <f>oJIKJIO pHH MaTepHa rrH, KOHTO cera Hapex,o; aM H CHCTeMa TH3BpaM
7
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' o6aqe TOH Be1Je pa60TH no THXHOTO TeMaTffqHO no.o;pex,o;aHe. B e.o;Ho OT
IIOCJie,o;HHTe IIHCMa, C KOHTO pa3nona raM 3acera, IlHCaHO naK .o;o MB.
illIDITMa HOB B 1919 r., ,[(. MapHHo B rrocoqaa 3arJiaBIDITa Ha Tpy.o;oaere,
KOHTO 3aB'bpIIIBa B MOMeHTa - ,,,[(OM H IlOK'hm;HHHa", ,,XpaHa",
,,O6JieK Jio"' KaKTO H _Te3H, KOHTO My npe.o;CTOH .o;a IIHille - ,,,[(eTBHCKH
HrpH" , ,,H apo,o;Ha Me,o;H:QHHa" ' " JIeKCHKOH" , . ,,C6opHHK Ha necHB" B
aBT06Horpa<f>HHTa CH8 • '

Pa;3JiffqHH ca npHqHHH Te, KOHTO ocyeTHBaT ·ny6JIHK)'BaHeTO Ha

3aMHC.rieHHTe 20 KHHrH OT ,,)l{ffaa CTapHHa". BepOHTHO OCBeH C TPYA-
HOCTTa Ha CaMOTO HaqHffaHHe H C'bC CIIOMeHaTaTa JIHnca Ha .o;ocTaT'bl.JHO
<f>HHaHC OBH cpe.o;cTB a Te ca CB'bp3aH H H C HOBHTe aHraJKHM eHTH, KOBTO
,[(. MapHHO B noeMa npH qecTaTa CMHHa Ha 3aeMaHHTe OT Hero
~JI:&XH0CTH. Ho Ha:u-cepH03HaTa rrpHqHHa Moxe 6H e npHBJIHt.JaHeTo MY
KaTO aBTOp K'bM yqpe.o;eHIDI OT KHH3 <Dep.o;HHaH,IJ; Ha 18 HffYapH 1895 r. no
c.rryqaii rO,D;HillH HHaTa OT pox,o;eH HeTO Ha npeCTOJI OHaCJie,D ;HHKa EopBC
crreUHarreH rrapHqeH <f>oH,a; ,,D'hJirapCKO OTeqecTBO". 3a rro.o;rOTB.SIHOTO
no.a; C'bIIJ;OTO Ha3BaHH e CIIHCaHH e Pe,a;aK:Q HOHHHHT K;OMHTeT Ha <f>oHAa
IIOKaHBa HaH-H3B eCTHHTe ToraBa }"-leHH .a;a HanHma T MOHOrpa 4>BB,
KOHTO B :u;enocTTa CH .a;a npe,a;cTaBHT 6'bJirapc KHTe 3eMH, CTOIIaHCTBO H

6
Ilax TaM, a. e. 912, n. 15.
7
Ilax TaM, 4>. 1 K, on. 2, a. e. 332, n. 66.
8
Ilax TaM, 4>."11 K, on. 3, a. e. 915, n. 31-34.
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6'bJII'apcKIDI Hapo,n; c HeroBaTa HCTOpIDI, 6HT e K}'JIT}'Pa. CaMIDIT cpaKT,
qe Ha MapHHOB ca noBepeHH TCMH OT nporpa.MaTa Ha 6'b,n;e~OTO
CIIHcaHHe, rOBOpH 3a MHCTOTO M}' B TOraBannm:Te HaytmH cpe,n;H; OT
3ana3eHaTa 6ne30 15-ro,n;HlllHa 04>e~anHa KopecnoH,D;e ~ MeJK,Zzy
MapHHOB H Pe.n;filOUIOHHIDI KoMHTeT ce BIDK,D;a, qe B 1897 r. Toii npeeMa
npe,n;nmKeHHeT O ,n;a Hanmne TPH MOHOrpaq>HH ( cnope,n; B'h3npHeTOTO OT
Pe,n;aimeomnm KOMHTeT He C'hBceM · npe:UH3HO onpe,n;eneHHe) -
,,,Hapo,n;HH Bsq>Ba.HIDI", ,Hapo,n;HH o6HtJae B . CeBepHa H IOJirna
BonrapIDI" H ,,XpaHa". B 1899 r. noeMa reMaTa ,,)];eTcKH cponKnop", a
,D;OCTa no-K'bCHO, B HatJanOTO Ha 1908 r. -,,)];OM e nOK'brqmma". 3a ,n;a
H3Il'bJIHH Te3H aHraJKHMeHTH, )];. MapHHOB npe,n;npeeMa npe3
1898---1899 r. ,n;oD'hnHHrenmi o6eKOJIKH H3 CeBepHa e IOJirna
BonrapIDI, non3BaHKH H3BCCTHa 4>miaHCOBa noMO~ OT 4>0H,D;a. IIo BpeMe
Ha Te3H ITbT}'BaHIDI TOH no,n;rOTBll ronaMa qacT OT 6oraTaTa CH c6HpKa c
o6pe,n;HH XIDI60Be, ny6JIHK}'BaHa B HaCTOmIUfjl Tpy,n;. MaKap H C ,D;OCTa
rOIDIMO 3aK'bCHCHHe, TOH HanHCBa tJeTHpH OT B'b3JIOJKeHHTe MY
MOBorpa4>HB. Ilpe3 IOJIH 1912 r. npe,n;aBa Ha Pe,n;aK:QHOHHIDI KOMHTeT
qacTHTe 3a Hapo,n;HHTe sapBaHIDI e o6HtJaeTe. AKo ce C'b.n;H no
nocoqeHOTO no-rope DHCMO OT 1919 r., sepOllTHO CKOpo cne,n; Ta3H ,n;aTa
IlOCT'bIIBaT p'bKODHCHTe ,,XpaHa" H ,,)];oM" (6e3 nOK'b~a). Ilpe3 1920
r., cne,n;. 3aKpHBaHCTO Ha 4>0H,D; ,,D'hJirapcKO OTetJeCTBO", BCHtnal
p'bKODHCH ( B TOBa llHCJIO H TC3H Ha )];. MapHHOB) ca npe,n;a,n;eHH Ha
9
D'bnrapcKa aKa,n;eMIDI Ha Haynrre, K'b,D;eTO ce C'bxpaHSIBa.T H ,n;o ,D;Hec •
Haii-06~0 C'b,D;'bpJKaHHeTO Ha HaDHCaHHTe qacTH IlOBTapa B C'bKpareH
BH,n; ny6JIHKYBaHOTO OT Hero no C'bOTBCTHHTe TCMH B KHHI'HTe MY·
Pa36epa ce, TPll6Ba ,n;a ce C'bJKMllBa, qe 4>0H.n;'bT He ycllllBa ,n;a peaJIH3Hpa
npoeKTHpaHOTO npocTpaHHO C'btJHHCHHC-CDHCaHHe ,,D'bJirapCKO
OTetJCCTBO", B KOCTO HanHCaHHTe OT )];. MapHHOB pa3,n;eJIH 6exa 3aeMaJIH
no,n;o6aB~OTO HM ce MHCTO. )];o6pe e Tosa, . qe npe,n;cTaBeHHTe
p'bKODHCH He ca 3ary6eHH. 3acera OCTaBa OTKPHT B'bnpOC'bT 3a ,n;pyrHTe
CilOMCHaBaHH OT aBTOpa TCMH B'bpxy o6JieKnOTO, ,n;eTCKHTe erpe,
10
Hapo,n;HaTa Me,n;H:QHHa H c6opHHKa C necHH • He e H3BeCTHO K'b,D;e e
operHHa.JIHIDIT p'bKODHC Ha npocTpaHHaTa MY aBT06eorpa4>ID1, tIHHTO
npeDHC ce C'bxpaIDIBa B Hapo,n;ODHCHIDI apXHB Ha ETHorpa4>cKID1
HHCTHT}'T C M}'3CH. .
K'hM Hapo.n;oyqHHTe H3cne,n;BaHIDI Ha )];. MapHHOB Tpa6Ba ,n;a ce
npe6aBllT H CKCfiCAHl.(HHTe, KOHTO H3B'Bprrma npe3 1904, 1905 e 1906 r.
~To 3aBex,a;~ ETHorpa4>cKIDI 01:.n;en Ha Hapo,n;HIDI M}'3CH B Co4>1:UI 3a
.C'b6HpaHe Ha MaTepHanH. BH.n;HO e, qe B npO,D;'bJDKCHHe Ha noBeqe OT TpH

9
Ilax TaM, 4>. 2 K, a. e. 64, n. 18-88, 94-151; a. e. 77, n: 61; a. e. 78, n. 135-168.
IO HRMa C'bMHeHHe, qe ,[(. MapHHOB e eo6epan necHH, a MO:JKe 6H H 04>opMHJI CBOHTe
<l>omuropHH 3aJIHCH B p'hKODHCCH c6opHHK, necHHTe ~ KOitro H3pH1UI© DOCO"IBa npu
IVITBpaBeTO HM B HaCTOmQIDI Tpy~..
 VI )V1MMT'bP MAPMHOB

AeCeTIUieTIDI TOH o6xox,n;a 11011TB BCB11KB paii~HB Ha CTpattara.

HerOBIDIT Ha6JIIOAaTeJieH rrorJieA Ha eTHorpa<I> ce A0K0CBa AO
MaTepuamnrre o6eKTB Ha Hapo~aTa K}'JIT}'Pa, cneAB rrponeca aa
T.RXH0T0 pa3BBTBe B HeB36eXHO 0TMBpaHe, BHBKBa B 6oraTIDI ,rcyxoBeH
CB.HT Ha 6'bJlrapBHa H 3arre11aTBa BCHllK0 BB,IVIHO H qyT0 B CBOHTe C6HpKH.
C aM6BD;IDITa CH Aa rrpoytm USIJIOCTH0 61,JU'apcKaTa Hapo~a K}'JIT}'pa, ,[(.
MapBHOB CJieABa :rp~HQHHTe, 4>opMBpaHB rrpe3 B'b3po~eHCKIDI
rrepB0A OT pa3BHTHeT0 Ha 6'bJirapCKOTO Hap0A0BeAeHBe. Toii CTaBa
rrp0A'bJDKBTeJI Ha HaqepTaH0To a rrporpaMHTe Ha IO. HB. BeHeJIBH, r.c.
PaKoacm e: II. P. CJiaaeiiKoB.
CpeA BH}'IIIHTeJIHOTO 110 06e¥ eTHOrpa4>cKO rp~HBO, C'b6paHO OT ,[(.
MapBHOB, K0eT0 pecrreKTHpa H B HamH AHB, Haii-IIpeACTaBHTeJieH e
Tp}'A'bT ,,Hapo~a Bgpa e: peJIHrB03HB Hap0AHB 06B11au". KoraTo 11pe3
0KT0MBpB 1911 r. ·J1B. IllimMaHOB rrmne pen;eH3IDI B'bpxy Hero, OCBeH
.BBCOKara on;eHKa e: rrperrop'bKaTa 3a orrreqaTBaHeTo MY TOH crreD;HaJIHo
o6p'b~a BHHMaHBe Ha KaqeCTBaTa, KOBT0 aBTOp'bT rrpe:TexaBa.
Ilo3HaBaiiKB MHoro A06pe )];. MapBHOB, 11.IDIT0 pa6ora cneAU OT6JIH3o
A1>Jll1I fOAHffH, J1B_ ITlmrrMaHOB C'bBceM o6eKTHBHO B3Ka3Ba MHeHHeTo
CB 3a Hero: ,,Toil 1103HaBa IIpOCTIDI HapOA, }'Mee Aa BJIH3a B CHOWeHHe C
Hero, Aa ce: ycBoe: HeroBIDI cBoeo6pa3eH MHp0rneA, Aa on;eHB HeroBaTa
MaTepe:aJIHa B JzyX0BHa K}'JIT}'Pa B rrp. A T0Ba He e BceKBM}' II0A~eHO.
. Moxe qoBeK Aa 6'bAe A'bJI60KO yqeH eTHorpa4>-4>0JIKJIOpBCT B Aa IDIMa
0HaR p_smKa Aap6a Ha mrrym:nra, K0HT0 IIpHTCXaBaT II0-CKp0MHHTe
H3CJieABa11B KaTo MapBHoBa, rroK0HHIDI IIlaIIKapeB, C. H. IIIHWKoBa,
6naroAapeHHe Ha B3BeCTHH CBMIIaTHH K'bM rrp0CTHTe Mace:. 3a Aa
aHHKHem B.JzyIIIaTa Ha HapoAa, rpH6aa rope~o Aa ro 06B11am B A'bJI6oKo
Aa ce BIITepecyaam 3a BCHllK0, KoeTo MY e 6ne:3KO. MapBHoB Karo
IIlaIIKapeBa, KaTo C. H. Illmmcoaa, rrpBll~nexe: BMeHHo K'bM TIDI
eraorpa<l>B, K0HT0 06B11aT Hap0Aa B 3aT0Ba Hap0A'bT 0X0TH0 BM ce
OTKpHBa." 11
Oco6eHo BHTepecHB ca e:Aee:Te Ha )];. MapB110B 3a C'b3AaBaHeTo Ha
opraHB3an;BOHHB CTp}'KTYPB Ha HapOAOyqHaTa AeHHOCT B CTpaHaTa.
, Te3B B,neB B'b3HBKBaT TB'bpAe paHO B B THCHa Bp'b3Ka C aKTHBHaTa MY
C'b6HpaTencKa pa6ora. B'hH OT C'bMHeHBe e, qe TOH e CHJIHO IIOBJIIDIH OT
BB.x,n;aHIDITa Ha HB. IIIBmMaHOB, B3Ka3aHB o~e B 1889 r. 12 ToBa ofiaqe
He OMMOBaxaB~ 3acnyrHTe Ha )];. MapBHOB 38 OTCTO.ffBaHeTO Ha Te3B
BAeB B rnaBHO 3a peanH3BpaHeTO Ha qacT OT T.HX rrpB C'b3AaBaHeTO Ha
cne~anH3Bpau eraorpacj>cm MY3eii.
O~e rrpe3 90-Te f0ABIIH Ha MBllan.IDI BeK, KoraTO rrpaBB CB0HTe

11
HA - BAH, cf,. 1 E, on. 2, a e. 295, n. 26. .
12
mHm Ma Ro B, MB. ,a;. 3Ra11eRHero a s3Aa11aTa ila RaIIIaTa eTRorpacf,HJ1. - C6HY,
1, 1889, 1-64.
 VII
o6mconK H H3 CTpaHaTa H HMa seqe AOCT3T'b'llHO" Ha6nIOACHIDI Bopxy
C'bCTOHH HCTO Ha Hapo~a Ta K}'nT}'Pa , y MapHHO B 3aTIOlIBa Aa 3pee
MHC'bnTa 33 HYJK,r(aTa OT HCHHOTO ycKopeHO H3CneASaHe. Ha 9 asrycT
1892 r., no BpeMe Ha Il'bT}'BaHeTo CH H3 CpeAHa CesepHa :Sonrapm 1, TOH
nmne Ha 11B. IllHUTMaHOB: ,,O6HKOnKaTa MH Me y6e)UI; qe TC3H
H3~a.HI DI TpS16Ba Aa 6'bA3T o6ne'lleHH B Apyra cpopMa. Co6HpaH IDITa
TpS16Ba Aa ce BopmaT 6op3o, 3~0To npon3AB aT MHoro pa6oTK. MHoro
OT HeKoran nmre HHCTPYM CHTH Ha HaIIIIDI ceneHHH ce 3aMeCTB aT C HOBH,
a CTapHTe ce yim~oxa saT." J1 MMKO no-HaTaT'bK: ,,A.3 C'bM CKpOHn 13
roIDIM nnaH H ~e BH ro H3noxa ycTHo, KoraTo nlfllHo AOAa a Cocpm1..." •
B cneAS~O TO CH IlHCMO OT 15 asryCT C. r. MapHHOB OTHOBO ce CnHpa Ha
T03H B'bnpoc H pa3BHBa no-iIOAp06HO ffAeSITa CH 3a WIDOCTHO
eTHorpacpcKo H3cnCASaHe: ,,3a Aa MOXCM A3 H36aBHM cponKnOp'bT OT
6e3cneAHO npon3Asa HHe, :co;e TpS16sa Aa ce ypeAH CAHO nono1KHTenHo,
CHCTeM3TH'llH0 H Ha'll'bpTaHO C'b6HpaHHe H H3yqBaHHe. Tyu: ~e ce
nocTHrH e ca.MO C IlOMO~T a Ha . MmmcTepCTBOTO Ha HapOAHOTO
npocBe~ eHHe. Ilo MOCTO MHeHHe M-BOTO 6H TpSl6Bano Aa npeASHAH a
6IOA.JKeTa CH CAHa CYM3 OT 50---60 ~ nesa 33 cponKnOpHO H3YlI13aHHC
H M}'3CYM'b T. KaKTO 3a HH,IzyCTp IDITa HMa HH,IzyCTp HanHa KOMHCID I, T'bH H
3a cponKnopHoTo H3yqBaHHe H 3a MY3CYMa Aa ce yqpeAH
eTHorpacpH'lleCKO 610po HnH KOMHCIDI. Tyu: 610po HnH KOMHCIDI A3 ce
C'bCTOH OT IDIKOnKo 'llnCHOBe, OT KOHTO CAHH Aa 6'bAC HnH XHBOilHCC:Q
HnH cpoTOrpa<I>, eAHH apTHCT Aa }'Mee Aa HOTHpa MenOAffHTe H MOTHBHTe
ea BCH'llKHTe Hanm HapoAHH necHH H xopa, eAHH apxeono r, eAHH
eCTeCTBCHHK H eAHH cpenonor... TaSI KOMHCIDI A3 C'b6Hpa C'b~espeMeHHO
H BCH'llKO, C KOCTO HapOA'bT CH CJI}'XH B CBOSI XHBOT... TOSI C'b6paH
MarepHa n, KaTo ce o6pa60TH , Aa ce AOBCAe. B eAHO TaKOB0 o6o6~eH He,
3a Aa 6oAe eAHo :QRno 3asopme Ho. ToSI MaTepHan Aa ce ne'llaTa B oco6eH
xypuan, KOHTO ~e 6oAe opraH Ha TyA 610po. " Bee ryic H3Ka3Ba, MaKap
14

H B eau:-06~ nnaH, BIDKJJ;aHeT0 CH 33 YCTpOHCTBOTO Ha 6'bAC~

eTHorp3cpcKH MY3eH.
,[{. MapHHOB p336Hpa, qe 0C'b~eCTBSIBaHCTO Ha TC3H HACH H3HCKB3
cpeACTBa, BpeMe H TPYA, Ho Te XHBo ro 3aHHMaB3T: ,,Tag MHC'bn e
noronea na Bce:QSl]IO MOCTO 6HTHe H a3 ACHOHO ~0 Kp0SI H0BH IlnaHOBe ."
Mece:Q no-K'bCHO, MoneHKH 11B. IIIHUTMaHos Aa H3CTOSIB3 npeA MHHH-
CT'bp3 Ha npocse~ eHHeTo 33 ypeX,AaHeTo Ha eTHorp3cpcKH MY3eH
C'b06~as 3 3a BHJ(eHHTe Ha IlnOBAHBCKOTO 113n0JKeHHe KOCTIOMH, MOAe~
nH H ApyrH npeAMCTH OT 6HTa, K0HT0 6H Morno A3 ce OTK}'IDIT 33 MY3eSI.
· 11B. 111HTIJMaHOB nocpe~3 c YAHBneHHe H B'b3Topr HAeHTe Ha
,[{. MapHHOB , Bopxy KOHTO H TOH CaMHSIT MHCnH. B 3ana3eH aTa 'llepHOBa

13
HA - EAH, 4>. 11 K; on. 3, a e. 911, 11. 35-37.
14
IIax TaM, 11. 38-4-0.
 VIII .I{HMHT1>P MAPHHOB

OT 01TOBopa My Ha cnoMeHaTOTO IlHCMO OT 15 aBryCT TOH n:mne 3a

HaMepeHH eTo CH ,n;a ce C'b3,D;a,D;aT ,,'IaCTHH cI,oJIICJIOpHH ,n;pyxecTBa HJm
KOMHCHH B'bB BceKH HJIH B noseqeTO a,n;MIIHHCTpaTHBHH 0Kp'b3H BJIB
IlOHe B CocI,IDI ( TaM, ,n;eTo HMa noseqe DpHI'OTBeHH CHJIH) - C'bC C'bCTaB
H nporpaMa , KaK.BHTO H BHH npe,n;smK.IiaTe s ,m1cM0To ce:. Orqe OT
Ha'QaJIOTO Ha HaCTomn;a Ta rO,n;HHa a3 T'bpCH ,n;pyrapH 3a TOBa
npe,n;npHH THe: He HC~aM MH03HHa - HaH-MHOrO 10--12, HO no BCIRKH
15
rnasHH KJI0HOBe Ha Hapo,n;o3HaHHeTo."
MHCl>JITa 3a opraHH3Hp aHe Ha eTHorpacI,cKo 610po npo,n;1>JDKaBa Aa
3aHHMaBa ,IJ;. Mapm1os. HayqHJI 3a c1>3,n;a,n;eH0To OT KHH3 B. Te1mmeB B
Ilerep6yp r no,n:06110 610po H _3a HerosaTa ,n;eiiHocT, TOH e CHJIHo
BneqaTJieH H nmne Ha 10 IOHH 1903 r •.OT I.J;apHrpa,n; Ha 11B. UIHTTTMaHOB:
,,3HaeTe, qe a3 OT,D;aBHa 61>JIH}'BaM 3a e,n;eo no,n;o6Ho_eTHorpacI,H'IecKo
610po npH M-soTo Ha Ilpocserqe HHeTo HJIH ,n;pyro IDIKoe Mmm-
crepCTso, KOCTO 610po, KaTO crpyimpa BCH'QKHTe HaIIIH MaJiqRHKa
eTHorpacp e H ,n;pyre JII06HTeJIH Ha eapo,n;mm 6HT, ,n;a ,n;a,n;e e,n;HH npaBIDieH
xo,n; Ha eTHorpacpH'IecKHTe pa6oTH B Hae H ,n;a ce C'b3A8Ae
eTHorpacp:aqecKH My3eii:... AKo ycneere, ,n;pare rocno,n;HB IITmuMaeo s, Aa
C'b6epere.H Hape,n;HTe 3a np1>B Il'bT CaMO 10--20 KYKJIH C HanH0HaJIHHTe
HH K0CTIOMH (a T0Ba M0Xe ,n;a ce H3B'bp11IH ,n;o 15 OKT.), 61>,n;eTe ysepeHB,
qe Bee ere C'l>3,D;aJIH eTHOrpacpeqecKO 610po H CTe TYPHaJIH OCH0Ba Ha
eTHorpacp: aqecKH My3CH, KOHTO HHKOH He rqe MOXe ,n;a pa3pynm. HeKa
TOBa 610po HJIH ,n;pyxecTB o 6'h,n;e no,n; BHCO'IaHIIIOTO Il0Kp0BHTeJICTB0 Ha
r ocno,n;apH." 16
·B ,n;yMBTe Ha ,IJ;. MapHHOB ce ~CTBa e,n;ea npH6'bp3aHOCT, K0HT0
necHo MOX~ ,n;a ce o6HcHH c roIDIMd To My xenaHHe ,n;a BH.n;H H3Il'bJIHeila
csoHTa H,n;eH 3a C'l>3,D;aBaHe Ha eTHorpacI,cKH My3e:e. He no-ManKa e H
rOTOBHOC Tra MY 3a· JIH'IIHO yqacTHe, 3aHBeHa . He,n;sycMHC JICHO npeA
MHHHCT'bp HB. IlhunMaHO B. ·u;eHeiiKH BHCOKO KaqecTBaT a Ha .,[(. MapH-
HOB, npe3 cenreMBpH 1903 r. 11B. TTTmuMaeos ro Ha3Ha'llaBa 3a 3asex-
,n;am; ETHorpacI, cKHH oT,n;en npe Hapo,n;HIDI MY3e:e. C npHC'l>IQHTe CH
eHeprHH H CH'fYCHa3'bM TOH ce 3aJiaBH 3a H0BaTa CH pa6oTa. CnopeA
xeJiaHHCTO H YCTHaTa 3anose,n; Ha l1B. IITHIIIMaHOB no,n;roTBH H3KJIIO-
'IIHTCJIHO HHTepeceH H u;eHeH .n;oicyMeHT - PanopT ,n;o MHHHcTDp a Ha
Hapo,n;HoT o IIpocserqe HHe, nonyqeH OT a,n;pecaTa Ha 19 ce~TeMBpH
1903 r.17 ·

,llaK TaM, a. e. 914, n. 1-4.

13

us,[{. MapHBoe HMa npe,llBH,tt KHR3 <l>ep~~, KoAro cnope,n Hero ,,HMa npH C'bp,nne
aapo.ABIDI RH 4K>nJCJiop" H 6H HaC'bpimn no,no6Ho ,neno. (Bx. HA - BAH, 4>. 11 K, on. 3,
a. e. 912, n. 39-40.)
17 IlaK TaM, 4>. 11 K, on. 2, a. e. 606, n. 1-12.
 IX
BseMaih ra 33 o6pa3e~ CK3H3eHa B CTOKXOJIM H H,D;ewre Ha
H3BecTHIDI lllBCACKH eraorpa4 > A-p ApTYP Xa3enuy c, ,[(. MapHHOB
H3JI&ra IlOAJ>o6Ho nporpaM aTa CH 33 C'b6upaae Ha MaTepHaJIH H 33
peAa, no KOirro ~e 6'bA3T H3JIOJKeHH B M}'3e.R. BC'b~OC T TOBa e
csoeo6pa 3eH TeM3THKO-eKCilO3H:QHOHeH IlJiaH Ha 6'b.D;emira eTHOrpa<I>-
CKH MY3e:e:. ABrop'bT OTHacH Ha6eJIH3aHHTe 3a co6upaa e o6eKTH B 16
roneMH OTACJia H rpyim K'bM THX ( cnppe,D; cne:QHq>HKaTa Ha BCeKH
OTACJI). ,[(OK}'MeHT1,~ npe,D;B ~a YCTpOHBaHeTO H Ha T. Hap. OT aBTOpa
,,emorpa4 >1AecKH CclA"' KOHTO ,D;a BKJIIOllBa pemOHaJIHH BapHaHTH Ha
aapo)J;Ha Ta . apXHTer rypa, pa3JIHllH HTe CTOilaHCK H DOCTpOH KH, IlO3Ha-
TBTC B B'bJlrap u o6pa3:QH Ha <I>nopaTa u 4>ayaaTa (Karo ce nocoqaT
rexmrre HapOAHH ~a3BaHID1) H .AP· TaKa ,[(. MapHHOB npe)J;Jlara HaH-
paRllml npoeKT 33 MY3eii Ha OTKpHTO - H,D;eH, KOHTO DO-K'bCHO npe3
I'O)tHBH'l' e HCKOJIKOKp3THO ce B'b306HOBHBa npH ,rq>ym ycnoBmi H OT
A!)yrH JI~a, HO OCTaBa Hci>co~eCTBeHa H AO ,D;Hec.
B HCTOpllllecKH acneKT C'bBpeMeHHHTC KpHTHqa ff 6ene1KKH K'bM
C'bCTaBeHaTa OT ,[(. MapHHOB nporpaM a ca HaD'bJIHO HefMeCTHH. 3a
OHOBa paHHO BpeMe - Haqanor o Ha H3.IIIIDI BeK - aBTOp'bT IlOKa3B~ He
caMO CBoeTO DpaBHJIHO BmK,D;aHC 33 o6XBaTa Ha HapO,D;HaTa K}'JITYPa H
IIIHpOTa ea B'b3rJie)J;HTe CH, HO H 3a6eneJKHTCJIHa DpO3OpJIHBOCT 3a
~ a r a OT qac no-cKopoIIIHOTO H3rpaJK.D;aae Ha eTHorpaq>cKH MY3eii.
·IlpaBH BneqaTJieHHe H npeAJIOJKeHHeTO MY C'b6HpaTeJicKaTa pa60Ta ,D;a
· 6'b,D;e H3B'bpme Ha Ha BHCOKO paB~e C DOMO~a Ha q>oroana paT H
4><>Horpa4>. ,ll;aneq OT MHC'bJITa, qe nporpaM aTa e Han'bJIHO H3qepna -
TeJIHa, B Beg HCHO npo3upa y6ex,n;eHHeTO Ha aBTOpa 3a He06XO)J;H-
MOCTTa OT HeHHOTO npHJiara ae. ToBa e ,D;OK}'MCHTHpaHO o~e B
Haqanoro Ha PanopTa : ,,,[(a ce C'b6epe H 3ana3H BCffqKO, ~o e ~CJijJJIO
OT CTapHHCKO BpeMe ,D;OCera H KOCTO npe,D;CTaBJlj{Ba H~OHaJ IHHTe
q-i,pTH H oco6eHOCTH Ha HapOAHWI 6HT - eTO OCHOBHaTa 33Aaqa Ha
CTHorpaq>WITa." ·
lliBeCTHO e, qe MB. IllmnMaH OB nocpe~a C HecKpHTO B'b3~CH HC
T03H panop-r u OTDpaBg K'bM aBTopa MY 3HaMeHaTeJIHHTC CH AYMff: ,,TH
HCKame OT MeHe Marape, ero a3 TH )J;aBaM aT. J1,D;H H pa60TH! " J1
. .D;CiCTBHTeJIHO C HCH3MCHHOTO pa36upaH e H MaTepHaJIHa IlO,D;Kpena OT
C'l'paHa Ha Mmmcrep CTBOTO B JI~eTO Ha npoq>- TlbmIMaHOB HOBOHa3-
HaqeHIDIT emorpa4 > pa3BHBa ycHJieHa C'b6HpaTeJicKa H opraHH3 a~oli-
aa AehOCT npe3 cne,D;Ba ~re TPH roAHHH. ·
Ha 5 myapH~19O4 r . ,ll;. MapHHOB H3np~a naK AO MB. IllmnMaa oB
18
µp<>cTp3.HHa u MHOro HHTCpecHa 3anecKa , KOHTO CaMIDIT TOH
ODpe)J;eJijJ KaTO ,,06.RCHCHHe" Ha nporpaM aTa OT PanopTa . TyK H3Jiara
CXBam;ae ero CH, qe npeAMeT H H APyrH MarepHaJ IH 33 M}'3e.R MoraT Aa ce
C'b6upaT no .D;Ba Haqmfa - · HJIH Henocpe.D;CTBeHo B AHHTe H ce3OHHTe
'
18
nu TaM, on. 3, a. e. 912, 11. 43-46.
 X JlJ1MHT'bP MAPHHOB

KoraTo ce H3BopmBaT pa3JIHllHHTe npa3HeHcTBa u CB'bp3aHHTe c T.SIX

o6uqau u o6pe,D;u ( cBaT6a, norpe6eHue, pIDK,D;aHe, KaJieH,D;apHH o6u-
qau), HJIH B K0eTo H ,D;a e npOH3BOJIHO H36paHO BpeMe (npu o6eKTH
rnaBH0 or cq,epaTa Ha MaTepnanHaTa K)'JIT}'Pa). Ilpe,IVIaraaure ,D;Ba
IlO,D;XO,D;a MeTo,n;uqecKU ca Hail'bJIHO H3,D;'bpJKaHH. Te O~HTaT cneQH-
q>HKaTa u Ha HBJieHIUITa OT Hap0,D;HaTa K}'JIT}'Pa, u Ha C'b6npaTeJICKaTa
pa6oTa. CaMo Henocpe,n;CTBeHOT0, JluqffO Ha6JIIO,D;eHHe Ha aBTeHTH'IH0
npoTUq a~ npa3HHK HJIH o6uqaii 6u Il03BOJIBJIO ,D;a ce BHHKHe B
T.SIXHOTO C'b,D;'bp.XaHHe, ,u;a 6'b,D;aT OilHCaHH BHpHO Cnpu,D;pyx81Hlll~HTe m
npe,D;Mem, necHH, urpu u AP· ,,,IJ;pyro BpeMe e Kpairno Hey,D;66Ho 3a
C'b6upaHUe TIDI o6pe,D;n u BCHKaK'bB TPYA J:Qe 60.u;e 6e3nJio,u;eH." 3aroBa
u BTOpIDIT Haquff MapHHOB onpe.u;enH KaTo no-neceH. 3an;ucKaTa
C'b,D;'bpJKa H npe,IVIOJKeHUeTO,,D;a ce C'b3,D;a,D;e Il'bJIHa KOJie~ OT BCHllKH
6'bJirapcKH THil0Be c TeXHHTe oco6eHOCTH; KOHT0 6u npe.u;cTaBJI.smaJia
HHTepec 3a 60,D;eIQHre ucrop~ u aHTJ>Oil0JI03H.
· . 3a OC'bJ:QeCTB.smaHeTO Ha TaKa 3aMHCJieHaTa nporpaM a )J;. MapHHOB
,npBJiara B C'bIQaTa 3anucKa KOHKpeTHo pa3npe.u;eneHHe Ha CTJ)aHaTa _ no
0Kp'b3H, ~OHTO .u;a 6'b,D;aT H3CJie,D;BaHH CHCTeMHO H nOCJie,D;OBaTeJIHO B
onpe,D;eneHH Mece:qu npe3 ro,D;HHHTe 1904-190 7. TYK yroqff.slBa, qe
OCTaBeHHre 3a nOCJie,D;HaTa ro,D;HHa TP" OKp'bra MoraT .u;a ce o6HKoJIHT
_no-paao, TaKa qe H3Il'bJIHeHHeTo Ha nporpaMaTa ,D;a npUKJI10qu 3a TJ)H
ro,D;HHH. .
OIQe C'b!QHH Mecen; (HH}'apu) Ha 1904 r. n.
MapHHOB 3anotma
CBOHTe o6uKOJIKH' cnope.u; HaqepTaHlffl rpaq>nK. MaKap qe He e cna3eH
,D;OKpaii, HeroBOTO H3Il'bJIHeHUe 6eneJKH CilOMeHaTIDI no-rope eTan OT
C'b6upaTeJicKaTa u H3CJie.u;miaTeJicKaTa pa6oTa Ha eTHorpaq,a. 3a
19
pe3ynTaTHTe TOH ,D;'bpJKH B TeqeHHe MB. IIImnMaHoB • TaKa HayqaBaMe
3a C'b6paHHTe IlHCaHH BeJIHK,D;eHCKH Hii:n;a H cnen;HaJIHO ,,KHTaffqeTa"'
,,IlO)J;KHTaffqeTa" OT CaMOKOBCKO, B3eTHH 6oraT Ha6op OT CTapmnm
HaKHTH 3a rJiaBa Ha MOMa H Ha 6ynKa OT nJiaHHHCKHTe cena Ha C'bmIDI
paiioH, 3a 3aK}'IleHH Te ,u;eceT KOCTIOMa, CTaH 3a T'bKaHe Ha KHJIHMH H
.u;p. OT EepKoBcKo u Eenorpa.u;qumKo. Bee npu Te3H n'bT}'BaHHH
MapHHOB )J;Oil'bJIBa KOJieKD;UHTa CH OT o6pe.u;HH XJIH6oBe, 3ailOqffaTa B
nOCJie,u;HOTO .u;eceTHJieme Ha MHHaJIHH BeK. .
OT T03H nepuo,u; e u H3B'bHpe,n;Ho neTepeCHHHT PanopT 3a o6uKoJI-
Kara Ha n. MapUBOB H3 CeBepHa D'bJirapHH npe3 BTOpaTan'bryBaHH
IlOJIOBHHa Ha
HTa
1904 r. C Hero TOH C'b06IQaBa, qe pe3ynTaT'bT OT
20

Ha,u;MHHaBa .u;aneq oqaKBaHHHTa MY· ,[(o MoMeHTa 3a M}73e.s1 ca Ha6aBeHH

HOCHH u Hamm OT I(,SI.Jla CeBepHa EonrapHH ( 6e3 PyceHCKO H
III}'MeHCKo) u OT 10ro3aiia,n;HHTe 0K0JIHH KIOcTeH,u;HJicKa, Pa,n;oMHpCKa,

19
IIax TaM, JI. 49-50, 52, 53, 54, 57-5.8.
PanOpTbT e aApecHpaH AO MHHHCTbpa Ha HapoAHOTO npocee~eHHe (npo4>. J1B.
20

IllmnMauoe) H HOCH AaTa 8.1.1905 r . (BJK. HA- EAH, 4>. 11 K, on. 3, a. e. 913, JI. 1-5.)
 XI
,[(ymmmKa, EocHJierpa,o;cKa, CaMoKoBcKa H J.1xTHMaHCKa, KaKT0 H
IIHH
p a3JIJAH H CeJICKO CTOilaH CKH Op'blJ.IDI H ype11.H 3a JKCHCKH lJ.OMaI
3aIDITIDI, CaMo HOCHHTe ca lJ.0CTaT'btnm 11.a ce o6JieKaT 0K0JI0 150
K}'KJIH, OcBeH T03H-CBoeo6pa3eH 0TlleT B PanopTa MHoro no11.po6Ho H
K0JI0pHTH0 aBTOp'bT 0ilHcBa TPYAHHTe YCJI0BIDI, npH K0HT0 pa6oTH
eTHOFpa4>'bT-C'b6Hpaq, nocpem ;a11 OT MHHTCJIHOCTTa' CeJICK0T0 DITp0 -
.
}'MHe, noIDIKora npe3peHHero, a 11.opH H OT CTJ)axa Ha Hapo11.a. MHoro
K0HKpeTHH ca Ha6JIIOlJ.CHIDITa MY B'bpxy npo.Qeca Ha pa3BHTHe.Ha
aapoAHaTa KYJITypa. Toe: npaBH napanen Me]K,Jzy HOCHHTe, HaKHTHTe,
061111aHTe, o6peAHHTe XIDI6oBe, necHHTe H 11.p., K0HTO Ha6nio11.aBa H
3anHCBa npe3 90-Te ro11.HHH Ha. MHHaJIIDI BeK H C'blll;HTe o6eKTH npe3
1904 r . BH,IVIHOTO Il'bpBIDI Il'bT e noqTH H3qe3Harro. ,,ToBa H3MeHeHHe,
KaTO o6XBallaJIO .QeJI0K}'IijlIDIT HH Hapo11.eH JKHBOT, B'bpBH HeHM0BepH0
6'bp3o." T'bpceHKH nplllDIHHTe 3a T0Ba, eAffa OT ·nix ,[{. MapHHOB
B~a B ~OT O BJIIDIHHe, np0HHKHaJI0 CJie11. Ocuo6o)KAeHHeTO: ,,...
H OT
H30CTa BHXMe BCHqK o Hame, npe3p.SIXMe 11.opH H TOBa, KOeTO
ll}'JK.AC~Te ce IlpH3HaBame 3a xy6aBo, 11.06po H KpaCHB0 H ycB0H,XMe
aT~
BCCQSIJIO -~OT O". MaKap H lJ.OIDIK'hlJ.e npecHJ ieHH, Te3H KOHCT
pa3KpHBaT BHpH0 ynoBeHaTa TeH,D ;e~ B o6m;OT0 pa3BHTHe Ha
eTH0K}'JITypBIDI npo.Qec.
y crropeAH0 C'bC C'b6HpaHCTO Ha MaTepHaJIH 3a MY3CHHa eTHorpa4>:..
cKa eKCII03H.QWI B'bpBH H HeHHOTo II<>APeJKAaHe. B ,3ana3eHHTe OT
OH0Ba BpeMe IIHCMa H q>aTKH 6eneJKKH, K0HT0 ,[{. MapHHOB 3APCCHpa
_ HHHCT'bp MB. UhurrMaHoB, ca OTJ)a3CHH n10601IHTHH noAP06HOCTH
11.0 M
3a HallHH a Ha IlOAPeJ KAalle Ha MaTep HanHTe ; 3a T.SICHOTO IlOMem ;eHHe, B
KoeTO He M0JKe 11.a ce H3JI0JKH BCffqK0 C'b6pa110; 33 HaJieJKam;aTa ~ a
OT caMOCTO.SITeJIHO IIOMem ;eHHe 3a eTHOrp a4>cKID I OTlJ.eJI;
3a OCK'hlJ.HHTe
21 B Kpa.H Ha IOHH
<}>HHallCOBH cpe11.CTBa II orprum qemm m;aT H !I\ H.
1904 r. Beqe e II0APCl1.HJI 30 4>HrYPHHH (K}'KJIH C'bC C'bOTBCTIµrre HOCHH
u Ba.KHTH), HO cMHTa, ~e OTBap mero Ha M}'3eH, T. e. Ha eTHorpa4>cKaTa
eKcno3mnm, m;e ce 3a6aBH. Ilpe3 .SIH)'apH CJie11.Bam;aTa 1905 r . ,ll;. Ma-
pHHoB C'bo6m;aBa Ha MB. UlmuMa110B, qe pa3no nara C'bC 75 KOCTIOMa,
BOIDIMa rrapH 11.a 33KYIIH He06XOlJ.HMHTC MaTepHaJIH (JKeJie3a, nJiaTHo,
ceao H np.) 3a HanpaBaTa Ha MaHeKeHH. JlHncBaT cpe11.cTBa H 3a
m;e ce
3aIIJiam;aHeTO Ha Beqe'a} lraJKHJ )aHH ,,IDIKO H .QCHHH Hem;a" , KOHTO
22• . CaMo MeCe.Q IlO-K'b CllO
HaJIOJKH 11.a B'bpHe Ha npHTeJ KaTeJIH TC HM
nmne 3a 175 KOCTIOMa, OT K0HTO 104 H3JI0JKCHH. B · 6eJieJKKa OT 1

21
HA- BAH, 4>. 11 IC, on. ~' a. e. 912, JI. 55, 56; a. e. 913, JI. 6, 7, 32, 33, 34, 35 37 38
39, 40-41. . _ I I I

.
22
no TOOH DOBOA Ha 6eJICJUB.T8 CTOH pe3OJI IO~ OT MHHHCT&p lh. IIImnMauoe 3a
OTilyCUBe Ha 1500 JIB. c JzyMHTC: ,,.)KenaTCJJHo e A& He_ ce cn'bea emorpa4'1111ecmwr OTAen
H TpB6ea A8 ce
B HCI'OBOTO Pa3BBTHC, 3am;OTO emorpa4 'H'ICCKB Te 06eKTH npona,JUJaT
Co6apaT MHoro 61,p:m:e." (HA - BAH, 4'. 11 K, on. 3, a. e. 913, JI. 6.)

1
XII l(J1MJ1T1,P MAPJ1HOB

ce11TeMBpH 1906 r. tfeTeM: ,,A3 ycWIX .n;a o6JieKa T'bKMO 177 K}'KJIH, OT
KOHTo .127 JKeHH, 40 M'bJKe H 10 .a;eQa. J1Ma 3a o6nuqaHe o:IQe 50. Cera
IIpHCT'bnBaM .n;a npaB.SI rpynuTe." TYK Bepo.SITHO HMa npe,n;BH,IJ;
no.n;peJK,IJ;aHeTO Ha o6JieqeHHTe MaHeKeHH 3ae,n;HO C .n;pyrH npe,a;MeTH OT
6HTa B onpe.n;eneHH rpynu, KOHTO cnope.n; Hero ,,IQe C'bCTaBJI.SIBaT
HCTHHCKaTa CMHC'bJI Ha eTHorpaqmqecKIDI MY3eii". Ilo YKa3aHHe Ha
npoq>. IlhmIMaHOB OTHaqaJio xy.n;oJKHHK H3pa6oTBa xapTHeHH rJiaBH 3a
MaHeKeHHTe, a MeJK,IJ;yBpeMeHHO ce nopn~aT cne~anHH ,,THnoBe" B
Ile:IQa.
Pa6oTaTa no. no.n;peJK,IJ;aHeTO Ha eKCil03HQH.SITa B'bpBH 6aBHO.
MapHHoB ce onJiaKBa, qe MY noMara caMo e,n;HH pa3cHJieH H HeKoJI-
KOKpamo HaCTO.SIBa 3a Ha3HaqaaaHeTO Ha IlOMOIQHHK.. 5.liumaT ce H .
APyrH npellKH OT TeXHHlleCKH xapaKTep. 3a BCHllKO TOBa TOH Y13e.a;o-
M.S1Ba HenpeK'bCHaTO npoq>. illHWMaHOB, C'bBeTBa ce .C Hero H qecTo
HaCTO.SIBa ,u;a noceTH M}'3eH H ,u;a ,u;a.n;e CBOeTO MHeHHe 3a CB'bpmeHaTa
pa6oTa. ·
B )J;'bJifOfO,JJ;HmHaTa 1'paHHa Bp'b3Ka MeJK.Izy .n;aaMaTa (oco6eHO .SlpKO
H3pa~eHa B KOMeHTUpaHHTe TfK IlHCMa) ,[(. MapHHOB ce .n;oaep.SIBa Ha
aBTOpHTeTa Ha npoq>. IllmuMaHOB , l!HHTO epy,u;H~ BHCOKO QeHH.
KaKTO MOJKe ,u;a C'b,IJ;HM ,n;Hec, 6JIH3KOTO HM C'b1'pY,JJ;HHlleCTBO ce 0Ka3Ba
TB'bp.n;e IlJIO,IJ;OTBOpHO. TeXHHTe HMeHa ca CB'bp3aHH 3aBHHarH C
yqpe,IJ;.SIBaHeTO, H3rp~aHe TO H nonyJIHpH3HpaHeTO Ha ETHorpaq>CKIDI
M}'3eH KaTo BaJKHO cpe.n;um;e Ha Hapo,D;HaTa KYJITYJ>a. Ilo mmQHaTHBa
Ha Ha. IllmuMaHOB npe3 1906 r. ,JJ;OTOraBamHHHT OT,IJ;eJI npH Hapo,D;HHH
M}'3eii oq>~aJIHO e fTB'bp,n;eH KaTO CaMOCTOHTeJieH Hapo.n;e:u eTHorpa-
q>HlleCKH ~3eii C npnB .n;upeKTOp ,[(. MapHHOB. Ype.n;6aTa Ha M}'3eii-
HHTe OT,JJ;eJIH, KOHTO TOH npaim cnope.n; H3BeCTHH.SI CH panopT OT
1903 r., OCTaBa HenpoMeHeHa H IlO-K'bPHO, KaKTO {IOKa3Ba OTlleT'bT 3a
.n;eiiHocTra Ha MY3eH OT 1910 r .23
Ilpe3 1904 r. Hape.n; c .n;pyruTe cu ~a.n;'bJIJKeHH.SI B My3e.SI ,[(. Ma-
24
pHHoB no.n;roTBH nporpaMa-yn'bTBaHe 3a C'b3,D;aBaHe Ha OKOJIHHCKH
eTHorpaq>CKH M}'3eH, KOHTO qpe3 H3JIOJKeHHre MaTepHaJIH ,u;a npe.n;-
CTaB.SIT pemoHaJIHHTe KYJITYPH0-6HTOBH qepTH Ha HaceJieHHeTO OT
C'bOTBeTHaTa OKOJIH.SI. Ilo C'bID;eCTBO ce IlOBTap.SI nporpaMaTa OT
cnoMeHaTH.SI panopT. J1HTepecaa e yao.n;HaTa .11acT Ha AOKfMeHTa,
IlOCBeTeHa Ha HayqHaTa CTOHHOCT Ha HapQAHaTa KYJI-1 )1)3 JI HeiiHOTO
3HalleHHe 3a o6pa3oBaTen;Horo .a;eno. A.n;pec:npma .n;o }'llHJI ~
HHCileKTOpH, nporpaMaTa npe.n;BHJK,IJ;a Te3H M}'3eH .n;a 6n.n;aT K'bM
rJiaBHHTe yqHJIHm;a B OKOJIHHCKHTe QeHTJ)OBe no.n; Ha,D;3opa Ha

23
B1 HsnoJKeBHe sa ~C.RTeJIHOC'ITa Ha MmmC'l'epcTBo Ha Hapo~oro IlpocsemeBBe
B Qa~ B'bJII'apWI. -ApXHB Ha MHil, ro~. n, KH. I, 0.;> 1910, 347- 349.
60-6 . 3a TeKCTa ua nporpaMaTa-ym,TBaue BJK. HA ~ EAH, c}>. 11 K, on. 3, a. e. 912, n.
2
 XIII
rmmmrre yqHTeJIH. 113XO~aiim OT CBOHTe CXB~aHIDI, no T0Ba epeMe
MapHHOB 3ruIB.8Ba fOTOBHOCTTa CH Aa Hanmne cne:QHa.rrilo yn'hTBaHe 3a
npeno.n;aeaae Ha eTHorpaq>IDI (3ae.n;Ho c yqe6HID1 npeAMeT reorpaq,IDI).
IlOA06eH AOK:yMeHT He e 3aIIa3eH H He e .JICHO JJ;aJIH H306~o e HaIIHCaH.
.a;. MapHHOB e aBTOp H Ha npoe~T 3a YCTaB Ha E'hnrapCKOTO
eraorpaq>HllecKo .n;pyxecTeo H3pa6o~eH npe3 1905 r.· t .n;'hn6oKoTo
25 ,

y6e~eHHe 3a Heo6xo.n;HMocTTa OT TaKaea CTPYKTYPa, B Hero MHoro

.n;eTaHJIH0 ca H3JI0XeHH ~eJITa Ha .n;pyxecTBOTO .n;a C'b6Hpa, C'bXpaHHBa H
o6Hapo.n;ea BCHllKH MaTepHaJIH 03 o6nacTTa Ha HapOAHIDI JKHBOT; .n;a
03.n;aea ceoii exeMeceqeH opraa e .n;pym cne:QHaJIH3HpaHH H3~aHIDI; .n;a
opraHH3epa CBOH KJIOHOBe B CTpaHaTa H .n;a p'bKOBOJJ;H
eraorpaq>HllecKHTe e3cneABaHIDI. KaKTO ce nonara npe no.n;o6eH po.n;
.n;oicyMeHTH, no.n;po6Ho ca nocoqeHH npaeaTa H 3a.D;'bJDKeHH.JITa Ha
qneHoeere Ha . .n;pyxe~TBOTo, opraHHTe Ha , ynpaeneHlieTo MY
(HaCTO.JITeJICTBO e pe.n;a~OHeH KOMHTeT), a C'b~O H CTaT}'ThT Ha
O6~oTo C'b6paHHe c pe.n;a 3a npoee~aae Ha HeroeHTe ro.n;mmm cecHH.
KoraTo npe3 1906 r. npaBe eJJ;HoMeceqea 3a.n;rpaHHqffa KOMaHJJ;H-
poBKa26 B pe~a eBponeiicKH MY3eH, .r(. MapHHOB C YAOBJieTBOpeHHe
IIOCO11Ba B IIHCMaTa CH .n;o He. llhmTMaHOB, qe BH,WIHOTO OTfOBapH
H3.II'bJTH0 Ha co6CTBeHHTe MY CXB~aHIDI; qe o6eM'bT e BHJJ;'bT Ha
pa3rne.n;aHHTe eTHorpaq>cKH MY3eiiHH eKcno3~ ce cxo~aT c
H3JI0JKeHoTo B nporpaMaTa MY OT 1903 r. H npoeKToycTaea Ha ETHO-
rpaq>cKOTO .n;pyxecTBo. To:u: He nponycKa .n;a OT6ene1K:H: ,,Tyic B'hpmaT
BCHllK0 qpe3 TaKHBa .n;pyxecTBa." 11 MaKap qe E'bnrapCKO eraorpaq>CKO .
.n;pyxeCTB0 ce opraHH3epa II0-K'bCHO, 1Ipe3 20-Te f0JJ;HHH, 0CTaBeHH.JIT OT
.r(. MapHHOB JJ;0K}'MeHT He ry6H CB0.JITa CTOHH0CT.

•••
HoBOOTKpHTHT e JJ;aHHH ca cepHO3eH H3BOp 3a'. JIHqeOCTTa
H eraorpaq>cKoTo .n;eno Ha .r(HMHT'hp MapHHOB. Te pa3KpBBaT o~e no-
II'hJIH0 HeroBHTe B'h3rne.n;H 3a 6oraTCTBOTO Ha 6'bnrapcKaTa Hapo.D;Ha
:e
KYJITYPa, 3a Heo6xo.n;HMocTTa OT cHCTeMHoro H3cne.D;Baae H opraHH-
3~OHHHTe q>opMH 3a TOBa. HocHTeJI Ha Bee o~e CHJIHIDI B'b3pO1K-
.n;eHCKH .n;yx, TOH qepTae aM6H:QH03HH IIJlaH0Be H BJiara MH0f0 YCHJIIDI

25 Ilax TaM, a e. 913, n. 16--23.

26 CBOeT6 xenaHHe Aa noceTH HJIICOH qyx.necrpamm t.fyseH, sa Aa noqepIIH OIIHT B
pa60TaTa CH no npeACTO.RmOTO noAPeJKAaHe ea eTHorpa4>cKHTe c6Hpm A. MapBHOB
H3Ka3Ba om;e s aaqanoro Ha 1904 r. Ilax c 6narocnOBIDITa Ha HB. IllmnMaHOB TOA
nocem;aaa My3eBTC e EenrpaA, Capaeeo, 3arpe6, Ilem;a, Ay6poemuc, 3aAap, JI106ru1Ha,
Ilpara, Bueaa, EepnHH, JiaRrm;Hr, APesAeH. Ilo-nOAP06Ho sa eneqaTnellIDITa My OT rosa
D'bTyBaHe ex. HA- BAH, 4>. 11 K, on. 3, a. e. 912, n. 47; a. e. 913, n. 7, 24, 25-26, 27-28
29-30. , ,
-XIV JI.J.1MJ.1T'bP MAPJ.1HOB

3a THXHOTO OC'bID;eCTBHIHlHe. HanpaBeHOTO OT Hero ,a;aBa 06m1Ka Ha

e,a;HH eTan OT pa3BHTHeTO Ha 6'bJirapcKaTa eTHOrpa4>IDI. 3HaMeHHTaTa
My nopeA~ a ,,)Kima cTapHHa" ro }'TB'bpJK,IJ;aBa MeJK,Zzy Haii-TIJio,a;o-
BHTHTe C'b6Hpaqn-eTHOrpa4>u Ha HerOBOTO BpeMe, KOHTO 3arra3Ba
3HaqeHH eTo CH H B C'bBpeMeH HOCTTa.
HAeHTa Ha J,fa,a;aTeJicTBOTO Ha B'hnrapcKaTa aKa,a;eMIDI Ha Hay1aue
,a;a IIO,a;Hece Ha llHTaTeJIH Te HaCTO~O TO 4>0TOTHil HO H3)];aHHe ( Harrpa-
BeHo no TOBa OT 1981 r.) Ha TPYAa Ha ,U. MapHHoB ,,Hapo,a;Ha BHpa H
penHrH03HH Hapo,a;HH o6uqaH" e MHoro crronyqnHBa. ,[(Hee, KoraTo
HameTO o6m;ecTBo rrpeJKHBHBa Tp}')];HOCTHTe Ha rrpexo,a;HOTO BpeMe u
npeOCMHCJIH pe,a;HQa n;eHHOCTH, Ta3H KHHra m;e HaMepH ,a;o6'bp rrpHeM.
TH m;e IlpHBJieq e HHrepeca He caMO Ha THCHO crre~a.JIH 3HpaHHTe
aayqim cpe,a;H, Ho 6H_Morna ,a;a CTaHe onopa Ha no-mHpoKH Kp'broBe B
ll}'JK.AaTa HM OT H~OHaJ IHa u,a;eHTH4>HKan;IDI H IIO-BHCOKO caMOqyB-
CTBHe. C Ta3H MOH )];'bJI6oKa y6e,a;eHOCT pa60THX B'bpxy HOBOTO H3,a;aHHe
H OCTaBaM c Ha,a;eJK,IJ;aTa, qe TO m;e HaMepH Il'bT .z:,;o MHOro6poHHH
qirraTeJIH H m;e H3II'bJIHH CBOeTO npe,a;Ha3HaqeHHe.

IOHH 1993 r. MAPI' APHT A BACH JI EBA

►
<l>ax.cHMHJie Ha IIHCMO Ha ,U. MapHHOB ,!1;0 MHHHCT1>p r . )i{J{BKOB
JXHM H T DP iWAP HHO B
H HEI'O BOTO ETHO I'PA< PCKO /IEJIO

Pa3BHTHeTo Ha 6bJirapcKaTa eTttorpacpcKa HayKa

B fO)J.HHH.Te Henocpe,u.cTBeHo CJie)I. OCB060)K)I.ei-rneTo OT OCMaHCKO
BJia,U.HlleCTBO H TI'bpBHTe .n.ecenrJieTH.H Ha H8IllH.H BeK e HepaspH BHO
CBbp3aH O C )I.eJIOTO Ha H3BeCTHH.H KYJITyp Ho-npoc aeTeH H o6mecTB eH
.n.eeu. ,lb-tMHThp MapHHOB. 3acJiyrHTe MY no opraHH3HpaHeTo Ha ttay-
KaTa H oco6eHo HeroBHTe eTHorpaq>CKH npHHOCU orrpe.n.eJIHT MHCTOTO
MY B HCTOpH HTa Ha HamaTa eTHorpacp11.H:
TTpHK HaCJie.II.HHK Ha Hapo.n.oytJHaTa .n.eiittocT Ha- r: C. PaKoa-
CKH, CT. BepKOBH'I, 6paTH n. H K. MHJia)I.HHOBH, B. 4oJiaKOB, TOH
npo.II.bJl.>KaBa Tpa.n.HU.HHTe Ha poMaHTHtJHO-naTpHOTHtJHOTO HanpaBJieHHe
OT 8'b3pIDK.II.aHeTo. ,ll . .MapHHOB sarroqaa pa6oTa Ha eTHOrpacpcKOTO
nonpmu e, IlOJI3yB aHKH OTTHTa . Ha CBOHTe npe.n.IlleCTBeHHU.H. Cbmeap e-
MeHHO B C'brJiacHe C B'b3rJie)I.HTe CH sa TeMaTHllHHH o6xaaT Ha eTHO-
rpa<pcKaTa HayKa TOH np'bB npoyqaa acecTpaHHO MaTepHaJIHaTa uapo,ll.-
iia KYJITypa H Ji OTpe}K,ll.8 paBHOCTOHHO MHCTO C ,ll.YXOBHaTa H o6me-
CTBeHaTa KYJITyp a. TTo TOSH HatJHH ,ll. MapHHO B H8)I.XBbpJIH )I.aJielJ
Hanpaae HOTO ,ll.0 Hero. B fOJIHMOTO CH no o6eM eTHOrpa<pCKO TBOptJe-
CTBO TOH ce oqepTaBa KaTO e)I.HH OT Hafi-peBHOCTHHTe H HaH-
IlJIO)J.OBHTHTe C'b6ttpa11H Ha CBOeTO Bp~Me. AKO TpH6Ba )I.a TbpCHM
MHCTOTO My cpe.n. HerOBHTe CbBpeMeHHHU.H-eTHOrpacpH, T~ TOH MO.>Ke
.n.a 6'b,u.e cpaBHHBaH cnoJiytJJIHBO caMo c K. A. llianKap ea, CT. H.
lliHillKOB H CT. C. 6o6tJeB. 1
HanpaaeHOTO OT n. 6JiaCTTa Ha eTHOr paq>HHTa H ,ll.O
MapH HOB s o_
.II.Hee OCTasa HaH-Kpy nHHHT npHHOC KbM rpa)I.HBOTO Ha HayKaTa . Hai,'1-o6
mo erHor pacpcKttTe MY Tpy,u.oae ce xapaKreptt3ttpaT Cbc cao.HTa pa3HO-
crpaHHOCT H Il'bJIHOTa. Bemo C'bOpaHl-fSIT Marep1rn JI 33CSlra BCl--f:qKu .ll.HJIO-
Be Ha Hapo.n.HaTa·KyJITypa, Karo no apeaJI e)J.Ha roJIHMa qacT o6xsama
ll.HJiara 6oJir apcKa eT~HlJeCKa repHTOpHH. ErHorpa<pCKOTO _TBOplleCT_ BO
Ha ,ll. MapHHOB npe)J.'<!µ BSI 6oraTCTBOTO H ~rnoroo6pa3HeTo Ha 6'bJi rap-
CKar a Hapomra KYJITyp a tie Hett3qe pnaeM H3Bop 3a·HayKaTa.
)KHBOT'bT H ,ll.eJIOTO Ha eTHOrpacpa JJ.. MapHHOB seqe ca 6HJIH o6eKT
Ha BHHMaHHe H Hay1rna npeu.eHKa. DpnB Xp. BaKapeJicKH nHwe 3a He-
ro. Toii HMa macTJIHBaTa ».n.eS1 )J.a H3)I.a,ll.e U.HJia cep»H OT 6tt6Jrnorpacp-
cKH nperJie)J.H 38 HalllH H3BeCTH H eTHOrpacpH H qJOJIKJIOpHCTH , K OHTO ne-
 8 JJ.MMHT'bP MAPMHOB

qaTa rro.n..p y 6pJ:1KaTa ,,Hanrn·:c1>6apa1rn. Ha q,onknop': B -~n,. ,,;Po.n.~~ peq~'..

E,n.HH OT oqepuHre CH TOH nocaenrna' Ha )l. MapH.HOB. 1 MaKap H C1>BCeM
C6HTO, TYK ca .n.a.n.eHH cae.n.eHIUI 3a )KHBOTa MY' KaKTO H KJ)8T'bK rrperJie,!{
H xapaKTepHCTHKa Ha HayqHOTO MY TBopqecTBO. Xp. BaKapeJICKH IlH-
me CTaTJUJ B'hB B. ,,3opa" 3a 3HaqeHHeTO i-Ia H3,LJ.aBaHaTa OT ,ll. MapHHOB
eTHorpa<pcKa nope.n.Hua ,,)K11Ba cTapHHa" 2 • Be.n.Hara cJie,n. cMnpTTa Ha
,U. MapHHOB cnw.1u1T aaTop ny6JIHKyaa cneuHaJIHa cTaTHSJ, B KOSJTo ce
C'b,Ll.'bp)Ka KpaTKa oueHKa Ha Hay1rnoto MY ,n.eJio. S ,Bee OKOJIO CM'bpTTa My
4
H3JIH38T H HSJKOH no-He3HaqHTeJIHH pa60T-H 38 Hero.
KnM IlHC8HOTO 3a ,ll. MapHHOB TpH6aa',n.a OTHeceM H aew.o H I10,Ll.-
po6Ho HanpaaettaTa OT ,ll. MaToB peueH3HH 3a KHHra nopaa OT ,,)KH-
Ba cTapHHa" 6 • Ce.n.MaTa KHHra o~ cnw.aTa n_ope,n.~ua e o6eKT Ha KpH-
'f~qeH pa36op OT cTpaHa Ha M. _ApHay.n.oa.! .
Ha Hero ,LJ.'hJI)KHM H no-n'bJIHOTO ocaerJI.s.rna·He·H~ JilfqHQCTT~,11 Taop;:.
qecTBOTO Ha A- MapaHOB. ,lloroHBaHKH;.CBOSJ 3aMiff,C'bJI )la npOCJJe,AJ,1 pa3-:-
BHTHeTO Ha 6bJirapcKaTa irnpo,n.oyKa, npe3 1942 r~ ApHay~oa µy6JIHKY:-
Ba o6urnpHa cTaTH.si 7 , a KOHT.o ce ci,n.op)Ka.T AO~Ta.np,n.po6HH 6~orpa<}>11~
11HH .,n.aHHH 38 L,(. MapHHOB, K8K.JO H nperJie,ll, _~..KpHTf{~H.a 01:{e~Ka - ~~
~THOrpacpcKOTO MY .n.eJio. np~ HaTIHCBa_ HeTo Ha Ta~H' p~6qTa OCO~HO no-
,ne3HH ce oKa3BaT .n.saTa pnKOnHca -~a ·,ll. MapHHOB - . . ,,KaK q6UKHa)f;
cpoJIKJiopa?" H ,J13 cnoMeHHTe Ha MOH )K~Bo_T'\ ·KoHTO TOH H3npaw.a Ha
M- A,RHay.n.o~. no Heroaa MOJI6.a.: npe3 192_5 r . ·
3a ;na 60.n.e n1>JIHa HamaTa 6H6JIHorpa<pcKa cnpaaxa_ , TpH6sa J{a
npH6aBHM H oHoaa, KoeTo e np:caHo 3a ,ll. MapHHOB B HHJCOH no-OOIII.H
8
H3CJie)J.BaHH.SI, Ma Kap TO .n.a e · H C'hBCeM ~pa TKO,

1
Xp. BaKapeAcKu, JlHMHThp Mapm-ioe. Po,nHa peq,; X -Il, C. , 1938, c. 20-27.
2 C'bUfURm, )KHea cfapHHa. 3opa , 6p·. 5806/26. X . 1938 r . ·
3
C'bUfURm, TTperJie.n . .LlHMHThp {MHTK.O) MapHHOB•. TTpoceeTa, ro.I{. Y)
1940, KB . 5, C. 6,£)6-611. .
· ·4 TaKa B'bB e. 3opa, (>p. 6174/12. 1.1940 r .. ce .net1a-ra e,llHH aH0HHMeH Ma-
~epHaJI, a a.
Xp. Maifacapo6 nHwe · B'bB 'e.
Bt1epa H ·.I{Hec, 6p. 77/25.-1.1940 r .
CTaTH.HTa ,,JlHMHT'bp. MapHHOB", K0HT0· HMa tJHCT0 ny6-JIHUHCTHtJeH xapaKrep.
6
a. Mam06, )l(Hea CTapHHa. ETHOrpa<l>HtJeCKO (<l>oJIKJIOpHo) H3YtJBaHHe
Ha B~.I{HHCKO, KyJICKO, 6eJiorpa.I{tJHUJKO, JloMCKO, 6~p,KO_BC~O, OpHXOBCKO H
BpaqaacKo. KaHra nopea. BHpBaHHHTa HJIH cyeeepuHTa Ha uapoAa; OT .[l.
Mapirnoe. Pye~, 1891 , ·xx+ 189 c. ncn, ' ro,ll. ' VIII, KU. '41......:.42, c., 1893, c.·
961-998. · .
6
M. ApH.ayooB, .[l. MapHaoe, Hapo,llHa expa H pMHrH03HH ,HapoAHH o6H-
qaH, 574 c. Yt1H,!l.H1Ueu n·p erneA, ro.n. XI.X, . 1915, _KH. IX-X, c . 479-482. ·
7
C-r,UfuRm, .[l. MapHHOB H '6 oJirapcKaTa uapo.I{oyKa: fCY, 11<1><1>, T.
XXX VIII , C. , 1942, c. 1-50. · · · ·
8
H MaMe npe,ll BH.I{· Tpy.na ua· /1. 'P,uH.eK06, 6'bJirapCKH <l>oJIKJIOp. I 'I., BT0P0
H3.ll., C-., 1972, c. 138-,--139 ; X p. BaK.apeAcKu, ETu<;>rpa<J>.HH Ha 6oJirapuR. C.,
1974, c. 61-63, fl .. M u3o6, TTpaaHHll~Te KaTO o6~ecTeeuo HBJieuHe. C. ,· 1966,
1
c. 8-9, P.. TooopoB, Bo3HHKBaae H • paaeHTHe ua 6oJirapcKaTa eTnorpa<l>HH
( no.A neqaT) , l.(B. TooopOB, Ceeepoaa na,AHHTe 6oJirapcKH roeopu.'CoHY, K·H. XLI ~
C., 1936, c. 466. · · ,
 9

Koraro roBop,i:i'~ 3a 't5»6JI,lIOrpacpcKlfTe'·H3TQqHHUH, He MO)Ke ,na· ·or- .

MHH_ eM '.J'o~a, I{oero Hlf~ ~~TaBH.Tl caM.~/si·(1'1ap1l1i9a·. ·npen~cH: if~•HerbBH
pb~OITHCI-~. ~e. CbXpamrn~~ B. !iapo,nprl'HCHH_~ apXHB .~a E~Horpa~~~H.H
·11HCTHTyr npH BAH. M~:>K,ny THX 3acJiy>Kasa BHifMaHHe .·;,CnoMeHH. H~
1 rrncaH
1,WSI )KHBOT HJIH MOH!a 6~b~Jrnqni~" ··• ..103If P}~~O~lf·ceH : rpy,n, '
npe3 2~-re r:o,nHHH, H_ c
OCH ~eMoap~H xapaK~ep. · >KH:8 H ysJieKar~:71e!,f
'€3HK aBTOpbT" pa3KpHBa KaKro CBOH )KHBOT,' TaKa H ·o6mecrsellb~IT(j-
.JIHTH~ecKOTO IlOJIO*eHH~ i3 crpaHara i{ aTMOC<pepara· O'f OHOBa speMe.
B' Cblll.H,SI apXHB ce na3si_r ,,KpaiKH 6~orpacp11qectrn 6eJie)KKH 3a cae·m~-
l!OHKOHOM JiiHMHrbp (MH!KO) Mapirnoa" ·H .·,MoH'-t 106H.heit Tier,necer-
10

ro,a.HwHHHaTa Ha MOHTa'' oor.u.ecTBeHa·,. llOJIHTHqecKa . H KHH)KOBHa )ieH-

:'reJIHOCi. 26 OKTOMBPH l867·'ro,n. -~ 26'oKrOMBPH 1917 rb,z( (HJIH npe.~-
11
.11e.n _Ha MOHTe nHcMelii-1 rpy;n.ol,\e)" • E,nHHCT_ BeHHre .ny6'JIHKysaHa a~T~-
12
·6HorpaqmqHif ' 6eJie.>KKH ·Ha Jt ·MapHHoa· ca .or· 1935 ·r.
BbIJpeKH HHKOH K.PHTIIqJ.IJr' MOMeHTH b6uiara ou.eHKa Ha CbBpeMeH-
n.·
'HHU.HTe Ha· ·Map11H6B ro yra'hp)KJJ.asa Karo e,n;HH ·o r Ha·if-rrJio,noaI-i-
THTe Cb6HpaqH, OCTaBHJI a · ~acJie,L{CTBO '6oraTH H aceo6xaarHH erno-
rpacpCKH c6HpKH, KOHTO' HMa'r Heripexo,nHa c-roflttocr 13 ·coKpoal-imHI-i~a-
·1'a Ha' ITI>JirapcKaTa .tlapO,IJ.Ha KYJITypa. ' ..
· ·Harna'ra 3a,na11a e ,na npe,ncraBHM erHdrpacpcKoto ,neno Ha ,U.' Ma·-
-puHoB B1Ieroeara UHJIOCT KaKTO npe.zt cneu.HaJIHCTHTe,- TaKa H npeil rro-
·nrnpoK Kp'hr q1-1TareJIH di 6oJirapcKara· Kynryp iia o6me·craeHocr.
me npOCJie,AHM HerOBH~ 'T~'bp,n;e pa3Jf00_ 6pa3eH )KH3HeH Il'bT, 'i'bpCeHKH
oHe3H . MOMeHrH; cpaKropii H -B-JIHHHHH, ce1>p~aHH c ocpopMHHero Ha
erHorpacpcKiire My ii~nepecH it cramin_if ,n_o,n;THK 3a 'i-1apo,noyqHH'fe· MY
'33HHMaHHH: I.Ue HailJ>"aBHM ·nperJie,A Ha BCHqKH HerOBH eTHOrJ)a<pCKH
IlJ>HHOCH, . KaKTO H Ha 3acJiyrHTe MY KaTO opraHH3aTOP Ha My3eHHO:
<!b6HpareJicKa, eKCil03HU.HOHHa; H 'nonyJIHpH3aTopCKa ,AeffHOCT. Cne-
UHaJIHO BHHMaH·H~ iIJ.e 6b,n;e OT,AeJieHO Ha :rpy,na ,,HapO,AHa BHpa H pemi'·
i'H03HH Hapo,nHH o6HqaH'\ koflTo e eKmoqeH a HacroHmH·H TOM I·-or
,,l136paHH rrpoH3Be,I:{eHHH"' Ha Jl., MapHHOB: .
Jl.HMHT'bp MapHHOB (HapHqaH B HRKOH cpe,nH MHTKO MapHHOB) e '
-POAeii'Ha 14 OKTGMBpH 1846,r. · B c. ApManyff ·a ceMeftcraoro Ha Bbp-
13

. ·.-oaH Mou.aHKOB. Ome 3-MecelleH toH 3~rry6aa MaHKa CH n ·ocraaa Ha rpw-.

cH,
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no-roJieMHH CH 6paT J'oMo H 0C06eHo Ha 12-13-ro,nmn-- ·
Hara CH cecrpa He,n;eJIH. foJieMHTe rpy,nHOCTH npH oTrJie:>K,IJ.aHero Ha
KbpMaqero CTaBaT npHqHHa ·6ama :· My_,I:{a -ro .,Ua,I:{e a CeMeHCTBOTO Ha
<5oraTHH- JIOMCKH rpa:>K,z:taHHH, KpyneH Tbproeeu. Ha xpaHH, B'bJIHa H
9
AEHM, M 215 (2 cee3KH), 288 c. OT T03H TPY.zt ,[(. MapHHOB npae 8 83 _
"3Jie'leHHe no.zt no.zto6Ho 3arnaeue, Koero H3npaw.a Ha M. Apttay,noe.,
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2
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·
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13
Tsop.zte oT.ztairna BJIH3J;t0 e coq aea ·aa .c. J3iJ11: 1e.!\p'hMa , AH. ~
e.u.poM, Maxaiinoer pa.ztcKo . .·
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10 P,HMJ1T'bP MAPHHOB

AOOHTbK MapHH BoHOB CTaM60JIH.RTa. CaMH.HT TOH 6e3 Aeua H noatta-

B3KKH B0p6aH M0uaHKOB Karo q~cTeH H yaa>KaaaH OT acHIJKH ceJrnHHHt
6e3 ABOyMeHHe 0CHH0B.SIB3 )I.~eTo. Cne)l. o6pe)I.a 3a 0CHH0B51B3He 1'
H cJie)l. U'hPKOBH0T0 Kp'bmasatte OT TTeTKO, CHH Ha Bop6aH MouattKOBt
TOH CTaBa )lHMHTbp, CHH Ha MapHH BoHOB.
HOBOTO ceMeHCTBO, B K0eTo H3p3CTB3 6o)I.elll.H51T Harn npocaereu H
KHH}K0BeH )l.eeu,npe)I.CT3BJ UIB8 0H33H HaH-T.SICHa cpe)l.a, K051T0 ro B'b3IlH-
TaBa, oq>OpM51 tter0BHSI xapaKTep H ttacoqaa JI.YX0BHHTe MY HHTepecHt
npO.SIBHJIH ce TB'bp)I.e paH0. a
T83H H3COK8 H8H-Cblll.eCTBeH a p0JISI H3H-
rpaaa 6ama MY, KOHTO npHTe}KaBa ,nocTa lllHp0KH 38 0H0B8 apeMe
HHTepecH H ce 0TJIHqaaa C IlO)I.qepTatta JII0003H8TeJIHOC T.
C oco6eHa JII060B H ya-a}KeHHe n.
M8pHH0B roaopn 33 6ama CH
MapHH H MaHKa CH BnJII<aHa, K8KTO H 3a p0Jl.HTem-tTe Ha. 6ama CH -
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CTBaHeTo Ha )l.eTeTo, 3ao611K8JIS1HKH ro c H3KJIIOtIHTeJIHa He}KH0CT H
T0IIJI0Ta. Or IlbpBHTe C'b3HaTeJIHH f0Jl,HHH Ha CB0H }KHB0T )l. MapHHOB-
38Il83B8 CII0MeHa 38 aTMOC<pepaTa B TeXHH51 Jl.0M, 33 qm3HqeCKHSI If
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16
M8HK8 CH, H51K0f8IIJH8 ,,n'hpBa neCHOilOHK8 H xopOBO)I.Ka" B ceJioTo t
K8KTO H 33 npe,naHOCTTa, C KOHTO 6aw.a MY e 'H3II'bJIHHB8JI 38,ll'bJI>Ke-
HH.HTa CH Ha }l'bJifOfOJl.HIIJeH UbpKOBeH H yqHm1meH H8CTO.HTeJI.
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BCH IKH Te3H HarJieJl. .npeOHH <paKTH OT e>Ke)J:HeaHeTO HeC'bMHeHo OCT8B51T
CBOH 0TrreqaT'bK Bopxy $,OpMHpamirn ce )l.eTCKH xapaKTep.
Oco6etto }KHB H cae}K e cnoMe·H'h1: Ha Jl. MapHHOB sa rro paoro MY
16
QTHBatte B yqHJilf lll.e - 24 anpHJI 1854 r. Ome OT C8M0TO HaqaJI0 TOH
npo.HBHBa CBOH 6y)l.eH yM H 6bp3o HanpeAB? B y11ettHeTo. Tosa ue y6Hr-
aa OT BHHM8HHeTO ~ a HerOBH.R YtIHTeJI , H3BeCTJIH.SI Ha apeMeTO rre.l{aror
H KHH}KOBHHK KpbCTIO CTO.HHOB TTHrnypKa, KOHTO caMo cJieJl. rnecT
M~ceua npeMeCTB8 CBO.SI OTJIHqeu y qeHHK OT Il.SICOqHHUaTa Ha tIHHa .
Toaa Cb0HTHe pa3B'hJIHyaano Jl.bJI6oKo M8JIKH.H MHTKO H cnoMeH'bTt
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Co lll.OTO npHJie}KaHHe H OTJIJ-iqeH y cnexTofl noKaaaa H no-aaTaT b K
K8TO BCSIK3 fO)I.HHa npe·MHH8B8 Ha CJie)lB8UJ.H.SI qffu, TaKa qe B 1858 r.
3 BBbprnaa caoero n bpB~:rnaq 3J.IHO o6pa30B8HHe. KaTo Harpa){a 33 npeMH-
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11eJI0BeK 6o*H" H ,,4yJI.ecaTa Ha TTpecaeT~HI Boropo)l.HU8". Y ttero
B'h3 HHKBa }KeJI8HHeTo Aa ce noceeTH Ha 6ora, K0eTo ce 3acHJIBa o r
IlO)I.CTpHrB8HeTO MY 38 HilO)I..SIKOH
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n pes eceHTa Ha 1858 r . H OT CM1>pTT8

1
'CaM n. MapHHOB onHCBa no)lp06HO H3B1,pwemuI o6 pe,A no OCHHOBSIB3-
HeTO ~/B OHTe ,,CnoMeHH H3 MOSI )KHBOT ff.lJH MOS!Ta 6irnrpaq>HH", c. 2.
• C • nporop eJJeU, .D.H. .5J KHMOBO, M Hxa1rnoa rpa.ncKo - pOJlHO MHC'TO Ha
MBHKa My. -
16
Tona e ,neHSIT CJJe]l feprhOB]leH, Ha KOHTO e 3a TIO lJBaJJa H CB'bpWBaJia
y •1e6HaTa rO.D.HHa H xoraTo ce HaeMaJJ HOB ytrnTeJJ
170 h d"' k .
T rp. ypo 13 onos - IlOJUVIKOH, JJHUe, KOeTO npHCJJ Y>KBa B u1,pxBa D
no speMe Ha 6orocJJ y:>KeHHe.
 11
Ha M8HKa MY (1859 r . ), qHS1To 3ary6a TOH npe)l{HB.srna MHoro Te)KK0.
Me>K)lyBpeMeHHO nopa,zrn H3BeCTHH o6w.ecTBeHO-IIOJIHTHtJeCKH Cb-
6HTHSI Kp. nmnypKa 6naa OTcrpaHeH or y11HJIH11J,eTo. To3H q>aKT .n;aaa
CBoeTO 0TpHU8TeJIH0 0Tpa>KeHHe - CMeH.SIT ce e,z:u-1H CJie.l{ .npyr CJiytJaHHl,f
y'IH'reJIH,KOHT0 Bp1>maT cTapmI M,eT0Jl Ha npeno.nasatte,H a pe3yJITaT 6waa
33.llbp>KaHO pa3BHTHeTO Ha yqe6HOTO )leJIO. K~KTO C3M 3a6eJrn3B3 ,il. ~a-
pllH0B: ,,A3 ocrattax KaJiq>~ npe3 BCHtJK0T0 epeMe Ha TYH npoMeH.SIBaHe
y1.nneJIHTe, H TOace Ha e.n.Ha T0lJK3, B e.l{HO noJIO)KeHHe, C e.l{HO Henpo-
1
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BbnpeKH Toea TOH ocTaaa B ytJHJIHW.ero. B CbllJ.OTO epeMe no ropew.oro
H3CT0.SIB3He Ha CB0.SI 6aw.a, l<QHTO HCK3 CHHbT MY .na 33BbpllIH Me)lH·
UHHB, ,il. MapHHOB 33ITOlJB3 ,na ce ilo.zirOTBH 3a nOCTbneaHe B fieJirpa,ll-
CKaTa rHMHa3HH. Toft e no,nKpen.SIH H or Kp. ITHwypKa, Koii°To MY
npeno.naaa qaCTHH ypouH no q>peHCKH H rpbUKH e3HK. OcaeH TOB3
H3yqaaa J13THHCKH, HeMCKH H CpbOCKH e3HK, rrpOHBHBaftKH xapaKTep-·
HOTO aa iiero rrpHJie>1<aHHe.
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OT He0tJ3KB3Ha CMbpT Ha 6ama MY (27 .n.eKeMBPH 1863 r.). Toea Cb6H-
nIe HM3 cepH03H~ nocJie)lHUH B no-HaTaTbllIHHH >l<HB0T Ha ,n. MapHHOB.
Toft 6Hea npHHy.neH ).ta i:idaac.SI MHoro MaTepHaJIHH Ii MopaJIHH JIHllle-
HH.sl, npH KoeT0 Heroeara )K3)K)J.a 3a 3H3HHe ocraea He3a.l{oeoJieHa,
M3Kap· H epeMeHH0. Toft rroeMa Tbproe'HHTa Ha 6arn.a CH, HO MHOf0
CK0po (ome B H3lJ3JI0TO Ha M. HH·yapH 1864 r.) PO.II.HHHHTe MY ro H3rO-
HB3T OT .noMa Karo He3aK0HeH HacJie'AHHK. ITpecTapeJIH.SIT MY eeqe )J..SI.ll0,
KOHTO e HCTHHCKHH'r COOCTBeHHK Ha KbIIJ,aTa, He M0>Ke .n.a ro 33lllHTH
H TaKa TOH octaea Ha yJmuaTa, 6e3 no.n.cJioH H 6e3 cpe.ncrsa.
Ha 9 .HHyapH 1864 r. 17-ro.n.mnHHHT MapHHOB HarrycKa JloM H
rp'hrBa KbM XHJieH.napCKHH MaHaCTHp e CseTa ropa. B ro'Ba Te)KKO aa
Hero epeMe OTH0B0 ce Cb)KHB.sIB3 )KeJiaHHeT0 MY )I.ace IIOCBeTH B CJiy>1<6a
Ha 6ora. J110ra;l"a 3HMa MY rronpeqea .na H3IIbJIHH csoero HaMepeHHe K
roii ocraea B PHJICKHSI MaHaCTHp, 3a .na .n.otJaKa npoJieTTa. TyK e npHer
33 yqeHHK H II0CJIYllIHHK H3 rrpoHryMeHa Ha MaHaCTHpa iiepoMOHax 0Teu.
19
Heoq>HT PHJICKH, HapH43H or BCHtJKH )J.3CK3JI He0q>HT , Koiiro ou.eHHBa
)l0TOraBallIHaTa YtJHJIHmHa II0.l{f0T0BKa Ha MJia,ll.e)Ka H Heroeine,MaKap-
H CbBCeM Il0BbpXHOCTHH, IT03H3HHH no HHK0JIKO e3HK3. l!O .
MHoro CK0po Me.>J<.ny H0BH.sI IIOCJIYWHHK H HerpBHSI JlYXOBeH 6ama.
0Teu Heoqmr ce ycTaHOBSJBaT 6JIH3KH H Cbp,U.etJHH OTHOWeHHSI. TyK

18)1.. Mapu11.0B, CnoMeHH . • . , c . 14

18H!BeCTHH.SIT Haw KHH:>KOBHHK Heoq>HT PHJICKH (OK. 1793-1881), nbpBHHT
YtiHT('JI B fa6pOBCKOTO Yl.fHJIHute, BbBeJI 6eJI•JiaHK8CTepcKH51 MeTO)l H C'bCTa-
BHJI B3aHMHOYl.fHTeJIHHTe Ta6JIHU.H.
20 TaKaLT.. MapHHOB nonaAa e KaTeropHHTa Ha nocJJyillHHU.HTe, OT KOHTO-
Te3H , 3aB'b p WHJIH C OTJIHl.fHe , OHBaJIH nOACTpHrBam1 3a HHOU.H H OCTaea.1H B Ma--
HaCTHpa HJIH fl'bK c e B p1>1UaJJH no cenata KaTO CBeuteHHU.H . BceKH TaKbB no-
~Y.WHHK c e CtiHTaJI 3a AYX OBeH CH H Ha eta peu.a (B CJiytJaH AaCK3JI H eOcpHT), KOH-
TO e )l.'l'h>KeH Aa ce rpH>KH 3a Aero B MaTepHaJIHO H MopaJIHO OTHOUleHHe.
 J2 JlHMl1T"bP MAPl1HOB

MapuHos ocTasa 10·Meceua H aanoq·sa ,na ce ·roTBH 3a '.nyxo~mifa <ceMH•

Hapm1 B"BeJirpaL(, KoAeTo o'reu HeocpHT pernaaa ,n~fro·li3npaTn. :CoaceM
HeoqaKBaHo b6~1!e TOH e nptrny,neH B'hnpeKWB?JIH~a c'H ~ace 38l3o'p11e' ~
-JloM npH CB0SI CTap H HeMow.eH L(Sl).1.0. TyK TOH noJiyqaaa-J.(OKyMe1rf aa
, 'CB0HTe 3aK0HHH n.pasa Ha co6c1'i3eHHK. ·tteoqmT P11JicK1-r-'o,11.oopS1Ba Jiero-
B0T0 perneHHe·;.na OCTaHe IJPH ).I.Sl).1.0 CH, HO 'My n'penopotii3a ,zia' ~J)d.L(1:i)I)ki{
-CBQeT0 o6pa3OBaHHe. . " •.
' .)l(aJK,U.aTa 38 Hay.Ka, KOHTO MJl3).l.e}K'bT H0"cH y · ce6e ~Ji' H' ·K0SIT0
-b-reu HeotpHT "HacoptraB-a C'bC CBOH C'bi3eT, OTH.080 ro 0TBe.>K,u.a_ B ytuptmrte
npH HOBIUI ytlHTeJI _ ...H3BeC'FHHSI .HHKOJia TTopBaH0B,' B1>3UHT8HHK' lia
-<l>HJIOCoq>CKlfSI cpa~yJITeT Ha Eenrpa~cKaTa •BeJIHK,i"IllKOJia. Ha"15"cen~-
. TeMBpn: 1865' r. aanoqsaT aaHSJTHHTa s Hosoype.L(eHoTo or H. TTopmrnoe
: KJiaCH0 ,yqHJIHUJ.e, K'b).l.eTo n.
MapHHOB 3881>PlllBa ycnernHo. BT0PH H
TpeTH KJiaC' Ha T0Ba yqHJIHIIl,e. . . .
Ma pH HOB HHMa B'h3MO>KH0CT ·,na npo.L('hJI)K8'~noeto o6pa3osa·HHe·B
JloM H CJie,n CM'bpTTa Ha ,11.SI.L(0 CH pernasa- .L(8' '38MHHe 38 u •aj>Hrpa.L(.' Ha-
'C:'bpqeH OT CB0HTe yqlffeJIH Kp. nurnypKa 'H H-. HopBaH0B/'K0HTO MY
,U.aBaT npeiiopoqHTeJIHJf: IlHCMa ,11.0 ;H3BeCTHH "BJl·HSJTeJIHH' 6'bJitapH;·"TOH
npHCTHra B Uapurpa.n Ha ·15 HOeMBJ)H 1868·t. ToH i<aro MY "JIHncaat
-cpe).I.CTBa, .KaKTO H npenopoKaTa Ha H.HKOH' BJIHSITeJieH 'MifCHC>Hep HJIH
BHC0K rypcKH caH0BHHK; TOH:·MO>Ke ).l.a.nocT'bUH e,U.HHCTBeHo B Me.L(HUHH-
CK0T0 ).l.'hp>KaBH0 yqHJIHIIl,e HaCapaH-6ypHy. C rp11>1<aTa rto·"itacTaHsra,:l~
HeT0 My TaM ce 3aeMa T0f.8B3lllH8T3 6oJirapcKa OOllt}•IH8 B lJ.apHI'pa.L( H
npe3 q>eBpyapH 1869.r. MapHHOB•e npHeT B Il0).l.r0TBHTeJIH0tO0T,U:eJiekue
· Ha Me.nHUHHCKOTo yqun.uw.e 21 • Tosa OT).l.enemur roff 3aBopnrna ycneurno
npe3 JIB.TOTO Ha 1870 r.
Cpe).l.aTa, B KO.SITO ce ).I.B~>KH ,ll.MapHHOB no BpeMe -Ha yqemieTo cH;
. 'B -lJ.ap11rpa)l, .HeC'bMHeHo 0CTaBSI TpaHHH CJie.l{H B C'h3mrnuero Ha MJra..ne-
JKa H.yKpenaa paHo npoHBHJIHH ce y HerouHrepec H BK-ye K'bM oolll,ectse-
H<rnoJIHTHqecKHTe co6HTHSJ. , Or e,zrna crpaHa,; Tcfl uona.l{a cpe.l{ -01;JI-
. rapcKaTa HHteJIHreHUH_SI B l..J.apHrpa,n, CJie).I.H OT6JIH:.. () 6op6aTa 38 ·yq"pe-
.)lSIBaHe Ha 6'bJlrapcKa -eKaapxuH -H qyacraysa ueJIH'sl 0H3H .peno.rno-· ·
· n,uoHeH no).l.eM, . o6xsaHaJI .6'bJlrapuTe .. Or ).l.py-ra ·crpaHa, ·"s yqHJIHIUe
MapHHOB >KHaee B MHoro·recHH K0HTaKTH C 6y).I.HH 60J1rap1:1:eTa,- Me)K,lly
K0HTo CrecpaH 6o6qes OT EneHa; n ·aseJI Eo6eKoB II ATaHac IIIonoB ot
DaHar10pmue, XapaJiaM6u .Map11Hoa OT CeaJIHeso H .Ap., c nopa11S1 oT ,
~oHto ro cs1>p3sa THCHo: npHHrencrao. Toi% cTasa HHHIJ.HaTop ii n·pe,ll·
-ce.l{aTeJI Ha o6pa3yBaHOTO ).l.py>KeCTB0 ,,Hanpe.L(!' C p'bK0DHCeH oprau-

. ·
21
IT0,ziro1su1entto10 01.D.eJiettife (H.D.a.D.ue) 6uJio c rpH KJiaca, e i<oe10. c~
1

113y11aBaT npOfHMHa3HaJIHH np_e.D.MeTH. yqH~ll\eTO HMaJio H Me.D.HUHHCKl{ it,aicyn·

TCT (T'b6He) C wecT KJiaca, B m,pBHTe .!{Ba ·OT K0HT(? ce 'npeno,AaBaT rHMH33Han·
HH npe,nMeTu_,·,- a B 0CTaHaJJHTe - :HCTO Me,ltHU,HHCKH. · npeno.naeaHeTO' :ce B~,ll~·
.JIO ·Ha ·q>peHKH eauK OT H3BeCTHH npoq>ecope-MeJOU:~H. BcHllKH y11eHHUH nOJIY:.
·11asaJI~ 6e3nJiatuo xpatta ·, o6JieKJio, ·010I1Jieuue H ocseTJleuue, KaKro <,e3nn1n0
6uJJo H caMoTo 06yi1eHue. OcHosauo ua soettH.H 8 a11 ana, 'Y'IHJiunteto no,11.rors'sln·o_
JieKapu aa TY pcKa1a apMua. • • ·
 13

'B\ ·,.;·~~.tIKa'H" !. Ha .tiHHTO c6HpKH c~ 11eTaT CKa3KH H te pa3HCKBa B'hpxy

. · ·· · ·
1HtKOH CTann r ·HJIH Bonpoc H. -
. · · Me,nHllHHc'KoTo·yttHJIHW.e HBHo He 3a,noaoJI:sIBa MJia,ne*a tr TOJ~ pe""'
masa p.a -ro_ttanyctte.' B cpe,naTa Ha · aarycT ·l870 L )1. MapHHOB npH-·
ct'1.fra ·13 6eJirpa.n. 8_·IIOCT'biis·a B. nocJie)J.HHH KJiac Ha CeMHHapiu1Ta.· TyK
H3}'tiaaa·c~eU~JIHH 6orociioscKH npe,nMeTH. YaJieqeH ho pa)lHKaJIHaTa·
rrapTHH ila A,n_ aM 6orocaaJiesaq, :·ToH nmne cpe·w.y nponose,nH_HUHTe i1a-,.
naitcj>:i,6cKHH :IllOBHJ:1~3'bM; KDeTO CTasa npH11HHa )la 6o)le H3toHeH OT"
CeMHHapHHTa · (28 · MaH · 1872 r .) . •TTpHeT e s V · K.riac H·a KJiacHqecKaTa.
fHMH83HH, HO 'npe,l( Hero OTHOBO 3aCTaBa B'bilpOC'bT '3a>MarepH''a"JIHHTe'
cpe~cTsa. CsoHre ·rrapHqHH 3aTpy)lHeHHH TOR -pa3pemasa; KaTo rrpe-
no,zr.asa 1.faCTHH'. ypoUH · no MaTeM8THKa· H <ppe'HCKH es-Hi< (3a ' ~oeTO MY
)laaa· B'b3MO}KHOCT"·Her-6a~Ta oTJIHtiHa no,nroTosK·a)' :" .npa·sH npeso,nu· or
cpo6cKH Ha _ cppeuckH e3HK. 3ae1>pnn1J1 npe~ 1873 r. -K.11acHqecK'aTa ·rHM~
HaaH·H c o-r..11n11eH··ycnex~ Toft· nocT'hnsa s'be q>HJIOJIO.>KKHH or,neJI K'bM
.
<l>HJIOCD<pCKHSI cpa·K yJITfT Ha ·BeJIHKaTa illKOJia. • Hopa.ziH -pa3CTpbeHo-
3,Zlpaeece HaJiara ,na Hanyc~e cJie,nsaHeTo ·H Ha 29 IOHH 1875 r. ce ·aasp'b -
lll8 -e-Jlo'M. Be.n.Hara -6Hsa aaeT or o6mliHe-KH.SI co·eeT aa•rJiaseH •'YqHreJL
3ae,ztuo ·c'hc ceoH i<oJiera · HttKo.na · HeH·os nonoe· OT' TTaHar10pm:ue;.
sae1fJ)Ii.IHJI rHMHa3ti.R i s 4€~H.SI·,: Te·· no,nroTB.HT· · orKpHaaneTo Ha ,ne~
K.iiaca . .-Ilpeno,nas'aHeTO B THX .Ce BO,!J.H n·o nporpa:MHTe, -3·acT'hneHH.TOraBa- ·
. . J3 cp'b6CKHTe ·--Jj· qe~~T e :· IipofHMHa3HH . ' . .
22
u • ~ . •

· YqHTeJICKaTa ~eHHOCT 'Ha )1. MapHH OB, KOHTO TOH -3aII011Ba C Ta-
koa-a ·roJI,H.MO *eJi~HHe H.cTapattHe, 6HBa n·peK'bCHaTa ome·Ha ·CJie,nea;...
ruaTa · 187~r . or HacT'bnHJIH'l'e c'h6HTH~. PeeonIOUHOHHHHT -KJ:irre:>K.,. '
H
o6?{BaHaJI [(H.71aT-a CTpaHa B Hase11epHeTo Ha ArrpH,JICKOTO B'bCTaHHe
Ocao6b)K)J.e·HHeTo' YBJIHtla H. MJla)(HH yqifreJI: : 4 YBCTBHTeJieH K'bM Te-
:rJIOTO H M'bKHT e iia CBO.ff Hapo,n Jf-Meqraew. 38 "HeroBaTa•·CBo6o,na, TOH He .
0

ocTaaa· HacTpaHa OT o6w.oro ;ll.eJio. CnyqasiT. HaJia·ra -,na-KpHe·,naaMa or .

OU,e.ile.irnre \ 6oTeBH 11et-HHUH __: HeaHHua · ,llafftleB . H . KHpHJI •B'ores
(6par Ha aoft:eo,naTa), KoeTo -,noaem.i:ta ,no ,-a-pecty~aHeT~l My. To:u-· e·
C'b)leH' 3ae,nli6 c'•tsix H .'Ji~.>kH: B' 38-TBOpHre Jia· JloM~ ·B'H)i:HH ll Pyce no-
' 11TH· ,no, Oceo6o5K,neHHero: 23 · · · ··

· · B Haee11ep-Heto Ha ·ocao6o)K;:teH·iteTo,: iia, 7. ·II.- ·1-878:.r ~~, cne,n KaT-o·

e ocao60,ne11 OT 38TB(?pa H ce spiw.a e JloM, M·a piluoe cEH):>KeI-taa •3a Ai>~
·mepstra Ha ci,oSI yql-1:teJI ·Kp ; TTHmypKa . !._. BHKTopH.H. ·
. · ' IloJIHTHqeCKHSIT KJIHMaT y · Hae CJie!I, Oceo6mr<-,neHHefo ·H xapal'ne--
1

P0T·Ha· ~aMHSI Jt MapllHOB ca -rrpJ111HHHTe 33_ ..qecTHT'e npoMeHH ;B· M'ecto-

'>K~TeJI_ CTJfoTo H pa6o'i'aTa ·MY. · Henocpe'ACTBeHo CJie,n .Ocso6 ~*'Ael iileio
·.ll·..· Mapiuioa e •H36paH· 3a·· npe,ztce:.t{aTeJr Ha JloMcKH11 °¢:i,Ae6e·a !.c1,eej.
-B o6Jiacrra Ha 10pucrt
. ..
py,n_ettuHsirn· iroii .'ocraaa HJii<OnKot ro.t(HHH . '·:Kato
. '

H . '·_u HbBun:· npe,llr.!eT; x'o'~T~ ) ri,ee~.ta :Ma~11Hoe_;· ~ fHswtreCK~- ~1,3n·~t aliite

.. o. -cxopp ·!0~ TPJl~Ba, ,u-~0 1
' K3X,B'i;pJIH 0~ ,-n_ 'eTo--H•;
porpaiifna ·-nopa.-x ·liacToxaa'H
:,~~ :. ~nacT a-_rpa.-a,.. JCo.1.Tb -BN•) l(Aa~a· e Toa.a no.-ron.srn~ _y·a- ~~eKa~xt e'. ~a
Mc . _fa_M~·or.~ -~AJ>o<ieii ' ii -~•~ ~ p_a~Ka~1»T •a :~ .M~~JINoa: 3a .i o,aa · ucroae np,._
137- 2ti2. . · · _.,
. .•. , c.
ll<Alle, Aa.lleH I C1iill{N're· Ctt0Met1N .
14 /!HMHT1,P MAPl1HOB

nocJie,noaaTeJIHo 3aeMa comaTa JJ.JI'h>KH0CT a CHJIHCTpa H Pyce. E.A-i.fH

·CJiyqafl B HeroBaTa C'b)l.e6Ha Kap11epa, KOHTO MapHH0B B'b30pHeMa
OTK'bM MopaJIHO-eTHtIHaTa MY CTpaHa, ro HaKapBa )I.ace 0TKa.>Ke OT MH-
-CTOTO CH H Jl.8 ce B'bpHe K'bM ,,6JiarOCJIOBeHOTO yqHTeJICTBO".Ope3 1883 r.
·TOH e H83HatieH 38 YtIHTeJI B JloMCKaTa fHMH83HSI, e,nHa OT HaH-aBTO-
pHTeTHHTe Toraaa B 60Jirap1u1. npe3 0KT0MBPH 1887 r. H3BeCTHH CTe-
qeHHH Ha o6cTOHTeJICTBaTa ro 3acTaaHT ,LI.a npHeMe, MaKap H npoTifB
B0JIHTa CH, J(Jl'b:>KHOCTTa 0Kp'b:>KeH ynpaBHTeJI B JloM.· Ha CJie,ll.BautaTa
T0,ZU,IHa TOH e H83Ha'leH ,ll.HpeKT0p Ha PyceHcKaTa M'b.>KKa rHMH83H.H.
ComeapeMeHH o npeno,ll.aaa 6oJirapcKa ~HTepaTypa, qepKoBHa 6oJI-
rapcKa HCTOpHH H noJIHTH'lecKa 6oJirapcKa HCT0pHH B VI H Vil KJI .
Tipe3 nerre y11e6HH r0,ll.HHH B Pyce n. MapHHOB Il0Jiara MH0ro YCHJIHH
cnope,ll. CBOHTe pa36Hp8HHH H xapaKTep 38 ITO,ll.06pHBaHe Ha Y'IHJIH-
ll\HaTa JI.HCUHilJIHHa H pe,n. BepO.SITHO HHK0H KaqecTBa Ha JIH'lH0CTTa
MY CT8B8T npHqHHa ,na 60,ne npeMecTe~ 38 JI.HpeKT0P Ha ,UeaHqecKaTa
rHMH83HSI B Coq>HH, K'bJ(eT0 IlOCT'bilB8 npe3 yqe6HaTa 1893/94 r.
OT anpHJI 1894 ,no MapT 1895 r. n. MapHHOB e ,nHpeKT0p Ha Hapo.n.-
HaTa 6H6JIHOTeKa, a CJie,n T0Ba yqHreJI B CoqmflcKaTa M'b}KK8 rHMHa3HH .
OT 1899 .AO . 1903 r. e pe,naKTop Ha neqaTHHH opraH Ha 6oJirapcKa-
.a eK3apXHSI B IJ.apHrpa,n B. ,,Becn1". Tipe3 1904 r . e IlOKaHeH OT
.oraBalllHH.H MHHHCT'bp Ha npocaeTaTa 11B . .n. lIIHIIIM8HOB ,na aaeMe
)l.Jl'b:>KHOCTTa 38Be:>K,nam eTHorpaq>CKH.SI 0T,ll.eJI Ha Hapo,nHHSI My3eH
B Coq>HSI. no HHHU.HaTHBaTa naK Ha lIIHlllM8HOB npe3 1906 r. T03H
0T,ll.eJl e o6oco6eH B caMOCT0.SlreJieH ETHOrpaq>CKH My3eH C JJ.HpeKT0p
..n. MapHHOB. B HOBoo6paayBaHJHl My3eH TOH OCTaBa TB'hp,ne KpaTK0
speMe. TTpHqHHH rJiaBHO OT JIH'leH xapaKrep ro KapaT )la ce oTTerJJH
ll npe3 MapT 1908 r. ce rreHCHOHHpa. Beqe K8TO neHCH0Hep, npea
1921 r . TOH e poK0il0JlO}KeH 38 caemeHHK H H3Il'bJIH.SIBa 38,A'hJI}KeHH.HTa
~H, HaJiaraHH OT T03H caH, ,no 1929 r.' KoraTO ce OTTerJI.SI 0K0H'laTeJJH0
-OT o6mecTBeHa ,LI.eHHOCT.. ll.o CM'bpTTa CH (10 .HHyapH 1940 r.) o6-
pa60TBa CB0HTe eTHOrpaq>CKH 38IlHCH.
TTpe3 ueJIH.SI caoii C'b3HaTeJieH :>KHBOT .U. MapHHOB rrpoHBHBa oco-
6eHo 6y,nHo qyacTB0 K'hM IIOJIHTHqecKHTe C'b6HTH.SI, Ha KOHT0 peariipa
6op3o H caoeapeMeHHo. 3aaopllIHJI caoeTo o6pa3oBaHHe B Hase11e-
pHeTo Ha Ocao60.>K,neH0eTo, TOH ce BKJI10qsa o·m e npea nopBHre ro-
JI.HHH CJie,A Hero B H3rpa}KJJ.8HeT0 Ha CBOOOJ(Ha 6oJirapHH. MapH.H0B
e .nenyTaT. B yqpe,nHTeJIHOTO C'b6paHHe npe3 1879 r . , KoeT0 npHe
TapHoacKaTa K0HCTHTYUH.SI. Toft B3eMa yqacTHe H B'hB BeJIHKOTO Ha-
poJJ.HO Co6paHHe npH H36HpaaeTO Ha Il'hpBH.SI 6oJirapcKH KHSl3 A~e-
KCaH,ll.'bp 6aTeM(>epr. Henocpe,ncTBeHo cJie,n Yqpe,L1.HTeJu10To co6paHHe
B T'hpHOBO MapHHOB e B cpe,naTa Ha . ,,MJl8JI.HTe" - np. UaHKOB,
n. P . CJiaBeHKOB, n. KapaaeJIOB, CT. CTaM0OJIOB, - K0HT0 cTa-
BaT fl.ll.P0T0 Ha HOBOC'h3,ll.a)leHaTa jJg6epa,!!Ha napTHSI H opraHH~HpaT
HeHHH.SI neqaTeH opraH · B. ,,UeJIOKYilHa 6onrapi,S1" (27 JOHH 1879 r .).
B Kp'hra Ha HeroBaTa o6mecTBeHa ,ll.eHHOCT Tp.S16Ba ,LI.a ce BKJIIO'IH H
pa6oTaTa· MY KaTo ne,ll.aror, KaKT0 H 3aCJiyrHTe MY. no opraHH3Hpaue ro
 15

Ha eiurn KYJITY pen HHCTHTyT, KaKbBTO e Et Hor paq>CKHHT My3eiL

HeJJ.eJIHMO OT 06w.ec1setto-noJIHTHtiecKaTa JJ.eHHOCT Ha ]1. MapH-
H0B e H KHIUKOBHOTO MY )1.eJio. Ha TOBa nonpm.1\e TOH ce npoHBSIBa B
HSIKO.nKO HanpaaJieH HH, onpe)J.eJieHH OT HefOBHTe HHTepecH, HaKJIOH-
H0CTH H pa36HpaHH H.
B npHKa Bpb3Ka C npeno)J.aBaTeJICKaTa CH pa6oTa H no HaCTOS{Ba-
He Ha KHHrmt3)1.aTeJIH Xp. r.
11.aHOB npe3 1885 r. n.
MapHHOB C'bCTaBff
yqe6HHKa ,,l1ctopHH Ha 60.nrapcKa Ta JIHTepatyp a" (C., 1887). B Hero
H3Jiara He caMo pa3BOH Ha 6oJirapcKa Ta KHH)KHHHa ,no Bo3pa>K,na-
HeTo BKJIIOt{HTeJIHO, . HO H CbCTOHHHeTo Ha Hap.OAHOT0 TB0plleCTB0.
Ta3H rJiasa TOH pa3pa6oTs a, noJI.ayeaflK H Kato H3BopH rJiaBHo Tpy-
JJ.0BeTe Ha PaKOBCKH, BepKOBHll H MHJia,l{HHOBH, B ,nyxa Ha MHTOJI0-
fHlleCKaTa lllKOJia OT ·apeMeTo Ha PaKOBCKH.
0JIO,l{ Ha HCTOpHqeC KHTe TbpCeHHH Ha 11.. MapHHOB, Ha lllHpOl(HTe
MY HHTepecil KbM KYJITypaTa Ha 6bJirapcKHSI Hapo.n, KaKT0 H Ha rrorJie-
JJ.a MY Bopxy aKTyaJIHHTe TI0JIHTHlleCKH Cb6HTHff ca pe,nHua Her0BH
Cbt{HHeHHH. TyK tpH6Ba .n.a OT6eJie)KHM CTYAHSITa ,,IlOJIHTHtieCKH
)I.BH>~eHHSI H BbCTaHHSI s 3ana)J.Ha EonrapHSI (BH)J.HHCKO, JloMCKO,
6enorpa,ntIH IIIKo H EepKoBcKo )" (C6HY, KH. II, C., 1890, _61-114),
ctaTHHTa ,,4Hnopoau .H HJIH KHnposeu." (C6HY, KH. XI, C., 1894,
135-144), cty.ll.HHTa ,,HepoMoHa x Aocmt> E-pa)J.aTH (TTpHHoc K'bM
Hctopns1Ta Ha 6oJirapcKa Ta JIHTepatyp a)" (C6HY, KH. XVIII, C.,
1901, 99-131), cTaTHHTa ,,,IlHMHTpHii l(aHTaKy3H H" (C6HY, KH.
XVIII, 74-98), ,,113 HcTopnsita Ha · rpa.ll. JloM" (C6HY, KH. XI,
C., 1894, 251-258), oTneqaTaHaTa B 0T)J.entta 6polllyRa ctaTHH ,,ByK
l(apaJJ.:>KHll i3 ttoso6onrap cKaTa KHH)KHHHa" (1897), ,;KaK e coa,na-
)J.eHa fr1>nrapcKaTa eK3apxnH" · (1898), ,,EBTHMHH natpHapx T1>p-
H0BCKH - )KHB0T H AYXOBHO-o6w.ecTBeHa .n.eHHOCT (1900), ,,CJiy>K6~
npeno)J.o6Haro oTua ·Harnero AoaKHMa OcoroscKa ro" (1900), MeMoapHR-
Te tpy)J.ose ,,CnoMeHH oT nocnyrnHH tiectsoTo MH npH otua Heoq>HTa
PHJICKH" (Yt1HJIHW.eH nperJie.ll., ro)J.. XI, C., 1906, KH. IX, 138-149)
H ,,CTe<paH CTaM60J.10B H HOBeHrnaTa HH HCT0pHH (JleTOilHCHH Cil0MeHH
H oqepKH)" (1909) H MH0ro ow.e ApyrH. norJie)J.HaTH B e)J.HH II0-IIIHP0K
nnatt, MHoro OT Te3H TPYAOBe Ha ..aBTOpa C'b)J.'bp)KaT noseqe HJIH no-
MaJIK0 eTHorpaq>cKH cse)J.eHHSI. u
IlotITH BCHt{KH Te3H C'bllHHeHHSI, ·KaKT0 H MH0:>KeCTB0T0 MY CTaTHH
B nepH0)J.HllHHH neqat 24 TpetHpaT npo6JieMH, K0HT0 H ,ll.Hec He ca H3ry-
6HJIH CB0HTa aKTyaJIHOCT. B HeroBH're C'bt{HHeHHH HaMHpaT "MSICTO H HSI-

"TaKa 8 CTYJJ.HHT8 CH ;,IlonHTH'leCKH JJ.BKJKeHHSI H B'bCT8HHSI B 3anaAHa 6'bn-

rape,Sl~ ,ll. Mapuuoe nHwe 3a pa3JlH'IHHTe rp_ynH OT nace.neHae e .10311 pa Aon Ha
CTpaaaTa cnopeJ,t T.SIXHaTa HOCH.SI H roa~p. A8Ba pa3JlH'IHH npeAaHHSI H necHH
Eraorpa<t,cKH .11.aHHH ce C'bJ.rbp>KaT n e c'l'aTHHTe,, l.f Hnopoeen HJlff' I<anopoeeu." 8 H~
"
1'CTOPHHTa ,.. JloM".
u C Ha rpan .
Jl · T8THH no pa3JlH'IHH HCTO(>H'ICCKH , KJ~TYPHH K OOJlHTH'ICCK I{ B'bnpoCH
· Mapnupe ny~nKyBa P'b_e eecTHHU.HTe ,,U.e.noKynHa B1.nrapuH" H ,.BecrH''
~ ~C8HHS1Ta ,,B'bnra,,pcKa c6HpKa", ,,Y'IHJlH~eH r,pern~.ut, .,6'bJirapcKH npe:
Jie.11. ,,PenuruoauH pa3Ka3H" K ,llp.
 16 ,ti/1.MHT'bP MAPHHoe

KOH B1>npoc11~ csop3atti:i:c eTHm1ecKaTa H~TopHH.Ha 6'bJI·r:.ap_cK11:.s1 Hapo.ll..

KOHTO, TpH6Ba ,ll.a ·oT(>eJle:>KHM, TOH TpeTHpa OT IJpaBHJIHH cnop~ Hau.re~
TO_,-e'hBpeMeHHO tJ.Ie.zvuue HaytrnH ·no3HUHH. ,Pa36Hpa ce, Ta3f{ qacT OT
csoeTo TBopqecTso ,U.1Map.HUOB co3,ll.aea, OT e,ll.Ha crrpaHa, cnope,ll, cre-
neHTa Ha pa3BHTHe Ha HayqHOTO Il03HaHHe OT OHOBa ,. BpeMe, a, oj
.ll.pyra ~ .... cnope,ll.· .co6CTBeHHTe .·CH· ~H)J{)l.aHH~, ·CHJJH H B'b3:M,O>l<HOCTH.
Mttaro 3acThnBaHH.· oT. Hero rJie.ll.Hllla. ca .·:ee_qe B 3.HtWHTe~Ha crerren
ocrapeJrn. Ho '.I'YK HHMa )I.a n_paBHM pa36op . Ha Te31:f npoH3Be,ll.eHHH,
ThH·: Ka.To B CJI.y11·a~ Te·;He. ca o6eKT Ha HaweTo BHHM:BHHe. A H crrope,ll.
Hae He B-THX e CHJiara.Ha ,Il. MapHHOB . .
. 0Hosa, KoeTo yTB'hP.ll.H flMeTo -Ha ,ll. MapHHOB; cpe.z:t )l.eijuHT.e Ha·
HayqHHH q>pOHT_, ·oHOBa, C KQeT(') TOH OCT8BH: Tpafrna_,CJie)l.a, e . Heroeo-.
To ,ll.eJio B no.neTo Ha eTHorpaq>HHTa. HHrepec'bT ·,MY K'hM :>KHBOTa na
Hapo,ll.a, K'bM BCHIIKl-l . q>0pMH- Ha .-11apo,ll.HIUI1•-MaTe-pHaJieH , H. ;AyxoBeH
6wr ce npmIBHBa ome npe,ll.H Oceo6o)K,ll.eH1feTo.··KaKTo BCH~H ·a1>3po-
:>K,lJ;eHcKH .,ll.eih.1.H~o6p1>maT- ·,J1orJie,ll. ··K'bM MHHaJioTo Ha aapoM,, ·K'bM ..cTa-
pHHaTa, sa .ll.& n,pcsir TaM OCHOBaHHe H .CHJIH l3 ·6op6aT~ C OCMaI:ICKHH
aamecraeHHK, IlOB~HraH•KH HaII)IOHa~.~OTO . C'b3HaHHe . Ha 6-1,,JirapHHa,.
TaKa -H ;ll. MapHaoe Tp'hrea no- .T03H Il'bT.,· -f oJIJUdara,. _~y .JIIPQ~B. K'bM
. aapop_a. H :>KeJlaHHeTo ,ll.a .:AanpaBH 3a Hero '.fOBa, __KQe1'0 My: II03BOJIHBaT
M Hapo,ll.HaTa. KyJirypa,
OHJIHTe, onpe):leJiffT.:JlefOBHSI TpaeH .IIHTepec K'b_
.Tb3H 'H Hrepec .TOII peavIH3Hpa OT 1103HIJ.HHTe . Ha ;pOM8HTH9Ho-na TpHO-
THqHq ·HacrpoeHaTa 6oJirapcKa HH-TeJI.HreHIJ..HH. . ·
Ome rrpe,ll.H Ocao60:>1<;neHHeTo ,ll. MapuHoB ce .aanoaHaaa.c Hanpa-
~lioro npe3 ..Bnapa::>K,lJ.aHeTO OT C'b6Hpa1111 ·H TeopeT~l{H' KaTO PaKOBC~H,;
QlaeeiiKoa·, "I(ap~ae.noa, ·BepK.oau:q, MJ1J18.ll.HHOBH, . lloJiaKQB .H ,11;p;
He(ThMHeHo :tosa MY ,ll.a'ea ·IIO,ll.THK.K'bM CHC~MHa H lle-!IeHacoqeHa C'b6H-
paTe.71cKa pa6oTa. Oco6eH.o ·BJJJUl}lRe . s ~erOBHTe . ,ll;'bJlfOfO,ll.HWJIH
2 11 1
.
eTHOrpacpCKH. ,ll.HJ>eHH:SI ;_OKa3Ba ,,0oKa3a~eIJ.'bT ~ - Ha PaK.OBCKH.
, · 3a C'h:>KaJieHHe ,B c:eoH're ra~a rro,11;po6H1:f:_,,GnoMeHH" ,ll. ,M,apHHOB
'He'. e OT6eJIH38JI HHil\O 33. eTHorpaq>CKHre.: CH H~TepecH H.T'bpcea~JI,. 38
orpoM_HaTa C'b6HpaTeJicKa, pa6oTa, Kon:ro ~38-'bPUIBa·, HHTO II'J?K 3a ~~H~
,H11re .e1:anH H .rpy.ll.HOCTHTe' npH ocomecTBHBa~ero. H.·. . : ..
. .MHoro B8:>KHH Il0,ll.po6~~TH 'B'hB Bp'b3~a :c IlO,ll.THUHre My._K'b~ ..3a-
HSITHSI C HapO.ll.OyKa H Il'bpBHTe MY CT'bJJ)1:·H -Ha,-·'FOBa l)OUpHµ.le-.;ZJ;a,~ ;J'l··
7
ApMay.ll.oB.s cnoMeHaTa· eeqe pa6ora, ' . 0TK1>cn.e11HH oee,ll;eHJl°H:·a:aMHpa-
Me :we 6eJie:>KKHTe H8 ;C8MHSl--&BTOp KbM HnKOH OT Tpy,lI.OBeTe :My._ .. .
K1>M,1872:-r~ ·,ll. MapHHOB HaXIB'bp;7Hl nopBaTJ:l CH •nporpaMa 38 Ha~·
po,ll.oytIHH H3CJie,ll.BaHHH. ToH · seqe rroaHaBa .ll.06pe· ,,iloKaaaJieua" Ha
PaKoBcKH if"·c6opHHUwre ·aa BepKOBHII u MHJJa,U.H-H08H; .Ho .rosa: MY ce
·cTpyea He'AoCT~'f'l?'IHo '. it: pewasa )(a · C'bCTaBH ·csoH ,.,rfJiaH . .TJiac'hK B
· ynoTBaHeTo .~a H3CJie~BaHe' CTonaHCKHSI
'r aa~--·p a6oT~ 'nq.ny ~aBa 1( .t>T_
.. u ~- c_. fa1''?.fC"II-, .9oxa3~JJeU
~ai-crip.JJ ~~~TH n.a~ero,
Jlll~)lr
HJIH
' 611TR.11,
p'b~0B0,l{CTB0 KaK ,U CJl H3HCKB?-T H
.R~Hxa, . HaP..OAOROKOJieHIUI, CTaparo HII
a·s-
npaa~e~:•• _CJl:'B~Oto )IJ( JJ.POliI.CC'.f.Bll,lf, ·JJ ,npo11, ~a CT I; -0.Jieca, 1859; 144 ~-
·M . Apnav~o~, .ll.HMHnp· "Map•NH8B'"ii 6'bJJ ~iD-P.~~an. ; :, • c. _ l -50:
 17
)l{HBOT Ha ceJIO, H3pa6oTeH o OT A.n;aM EorocaaJieB Hq, OCHOBaTeJI Ha
cpo6cKaTa pa.n;HKaJIHa napTHH, C KOrOTO MapHHOB e 6HJI 6JIH3'bK.
CaM Jl. MapHHOB Ka3Ba B aanHCKHTe CH: ,,Ce.n;Hax, Ta no repKa Ha npo-
rpaMaTa Ha cpo6CKHTe pa.n;HKaJIH .n;a C'bqHHSI nporpaMa Ha MOHTe <J)oJIK-
JIOpHH g3yqaaHHS1; TOBa 06a11e ce 0Ka3a MHOro uey,l(06HO, MHOro M'btJ-
HO . Toraaa HanpaBHX OilHT .n;a C'bCTaB.H CBOSI nporpaMa 38 H3yqaaaHe
)KHBOTa H 6HTa Ha 6oJirapHTe ; H TaSI nporpaMa H3Jie3e cnoJiyqJIHB a.
TaSI nporpaMa ce BlDK.n;a B H3Jie3H3JIHTe ce.n;eM TOMa OT TOSI cfjoJIKJIOpHO-
emorpa<tm11eCKH Tpy.n;_no.n; HJ1y1e,,)Km3a cTapHHa".O r TaH ro,nHHa-1 872-
as CTaHaX <PoJIKJIOpHCT.'128 no-K'bCHO B xo.n;a Ha C'b6HpareJICKaTa p'a6o-
ra MapHHOB JlOilbJIBa HJIH npepa60TB a T33H nporpa~.rn.
IlopBHTe CTbilKH Ha eTHOrpa.cp- cn6Hpaq )l.MapHHOB npaBH npe3
70-Te rO){HHH Ha MHH8JIHSI BeK no BpeMeTo, KOraTO aano11aa y 1rnTeJI-
CTByBaHe B JloM. Om.e Toraaa C'b6Hpa IlbpBHTe eTHOrpaq><;KH MaTep1-1a-
JJH OT ceJISIHH H3 6JIH3KHTe ceJia, HaC01IB8HKH ce cnope.n; CBO.HTa nporpa-
Ma KbM Ceaepoaana .n;Ha EoJirapHH. KoM co6HpaTeJic Ka pa6oTa )l.MapH-
HOB npHcnnaa ueneHaco11eHo, c Han'bJIHo onpe.n;eJieH B'h3rJie.n; Bopxy
H3CJie.n;oBaTeJICKHTe 30HH, KOHTO. Tp.H6Ba .n;a o6xaama T.H, K8KTO H Bopxy
HeHHOTO orpoMHO 3Ha11eHue . . ToaH caoii B'h3rne.n; TOH H3Jiara r.tHoro
.HCHO B npe.n;roaopa Ha Il'bpBmI CH netJaTaH eTHOrpaq:>eKH Tpy.n; - KHH-
ra IlbpBa OT ,,)l(HBa CTapuHa'': ,,HHH C'b6HpaMe neCHH, npHK83KH,
ITOCJIOBHUH, raTaHKH H .n;p. H fH ne11aTHM, K8TO MHCJIHM, qe C TYH HHH
CMe H3Y1IH.'IH H8UIH.H Hapo.n;. He 3Ha.H K3KBO me Ka}KaT .n;pyrHTe, HO
Meue MH ce 1IHHH, qe HHH me HMaMe comHHCKH eTHOrpaqm11eCKH CBe-
.neHHSI, ueHHH 38 HayKaTa H eTHOt-paq:>H.HTa, . CaMO TOraaa, KOraTO
'3H3eM npH K8KBH o6pe,nn, o6H1I8H, CJIY113H H o6cTO.HTeJICTBa H8llIH.sIT
Hapo.n nee THSI neCHH, npHK33B8 THSI npHK83KH H ynoTpe6JI.SIBa THH
IlOCJIOBHU.H; KOraTO BH)lHM: KaK ce xpaHH H8llIH.sIT ceJI.HHHH, B K8KBO
ce OOJIH11a, B K3KBO BSlpBa, K3K ce pa}K.n;a, }KeHH, aece.nH,u.epH H YMHpa~
Koraro BH)lHM H 3HaeM HaIIIaTa. ceJISIHK3 B1>Tpe B KO.nH6aTa KaTo: K'b-
W.OBHH[la, Conpyra, M3HK8 H pa60THHU8 H B'bH OT He.H; K<>raTo
BHJlHM H8llIHSI ceJISIHHJ{ B 3a.n;pyraTa H ceMei'.icTBOTO KaTO Komoa-
HHK, Cbnpyr H 6arua, a B noJieTO - KaTO pa60THHK - . C e.n;ua .nyr.ta,
12
Koraro H3YlIHM scecTpaHHO }KHBOTa H 6HT8 Ha H3IIIHSI ce.,1SIHHH. ' 9'
KaKTO MO}KeM .n;a KOHCT8THpaMe ){Hee, Jl, MapHHOB IlpOKapaa TOBa
cxaaw.aHe HeOTKJIOHHO npea CBO.SITa MHOrOrO,llHIIIH~ .n;eiiHOCT, B'hB BCH11-
28B>K. M Ap,wyaoe, .UHMHT'bp MapHH0B H (5'bJirapcxaTa .• , c. 7-8. OT 11.HTH-
paHaa TeKCT e SIBHO, qe MapHH0B cxsama nOHSITHeT0 .,cf>0JIKJIOp" B HaH-WHpOKHSI
CMHC'bJI Ha Ta3H JlYM8. Toif CT0H na Il03HllHHTe, K0HT0 11B.,!l.IIIHWM aHoB H3Jiara B
CBOSITa 3a6eJJe>KHTe:rna CTaTHH .,3HalleHHeT0 H sa.na rnTe Ha HauiaTa eTHorpacfmSl "
1

(C6HY, KH. I , 1889): ., . .. oHoBa , xoero suae HJIH BHpBa Hap0Jlo1' sa ce6e CH
3a 6JIH>KHHTe cH HJIH sa npHpo]laTa, K0HT0 ro 06xp1>>1<asa ••• " Tosa cxsam.aa;
<5naro)lapeune Ha roJieMHH aBT0pHTeT Ha llJHwMaHOB Il0·Kl>CHO BosnpHeMaT H
TaKHBa29H3BeCTHH y lleHH KaTO n. MaTOB, A . IT. CTOHJIOB , M. ApHay.noa.
JJ.. Mapwwe, )l<HBa cTapHHa. ETuorpaq>H'leCKO (q>OJIKJiopuo) 83 ytiBaue
8
Ba 8 HJlHHCK0, KyJICKO, EeJiorpa)l'IHD IK0, JloMCKO, EepKOBCKO, OpSIXOBCKO H
ur9allfaucKo, KHHra n1>pBa, B.RpBaHH.RT8 BJIH cyenepHna Ha Hapo.zta. Pyce
, c. IV. •
2
18 IIl1MHT7,P MAPHHOB

KH CBOH eTHorpacpcKH -TPYll.OBe. Te Cb.J.bp.>KaT 6oraTo rpa.zurno Hg

BCHttKH 06JiaCTH Ha MaTepHaJIHaTa, .ll.YXOBHaTa H COUHaJIHO-HOpMa-
THBHaTa KYJITypa Ha 6bnrapCKHH Hapo.zt..
Cb6HTHHTa B HaseqepHeTO Ha Ocso6o}Ku.eHHeTO npeKbCBaT Cb6H-
paTeJICKaTa pa6oTa_ Ha LI.. MapHHOB. Ho se,nHara cJie.zt. Hero TOH rrpo-
J{l>JI}KaBa 3arroqHaTOTO .l(.eJio. TbH KaTO Cb6HpaHeTO Ha MaT~pHaJia Ha-
Jiata o6xo}K.ll.aHeTO Ha noqTJf BC.SIKO ce.110, a TOBa e CBbp3aHO C MHOro
cpe.zt.CTBa, LJ.. MapHHOB ce o6pbw.a npe3 1884 r. c Mon6a 3a Marepuan-
Ha IIOMOIIJ. KbM MHHHCTepCTBOTO Ha npocseTaTa. Tio.11y11eHH.SIT OTK83
CTasa npHttHHa .zt.a npeKbCHe pa6oTaTa CH. Tipe3 1888 r. Toii ce cpew.a no
,Zlpyr IIOBO.z:t C MHHHCTbpa Ha CbIIJ.OTO se.l(.OMCTBO f. )l(HBKOB, B tIHeTO
JIHUe H8MHpa cepH03eH IIOMpb:>KHHK, KO.HTO ro HaCbp1IaBa H MY o6e-
masa Cb.zt.eiicTsHe. HaHCTHHa LJ.. MapHHOB noJiy11aaa TaKa Heo6xo-
.z:tHMHTe cpe,ll.CTBa, KOHTO MY ,!I.aBaT Bb3MO:>KHOCT .u.a .lJ.OilbJIHH CBOHTe
MaTepHaJIH.
Me}K.ll.yspeMeHHO IIOCJie.zt.eH IIO,ll.THK 38 OKOHtJaTeJIHOTO YfB'bp}KJ.l;a--
BaHe HHTepecHTe Ha LI.. MapHHOB KbM eTHOrpacpCKH npoyqsaHHSI CTaBaT
H3.'le3JIHTe npe3 1887 r. ,,Ba6a Era HJ1H C6opHHK OT pa3JIH11HH BSipBa-
HH.SI, HapO.U.HH JieKysamrn:, MarHH, 6a.SIHHH H 06H118H B K10cTeH,ll.HJICKO''
Han. UB. JI106eHOB H Il'bpBa KHH:>KK8 Ha en. ,,PO.zt.OITCKH CTapHHH" Ha
CT. H. llimIIKOB, 3a11011HaJIH.SIT .u.a ce neqaTa OT 1889 r. ,,C6opHHK
sa HapO,ll.HH YMOTBopeHHSI, HayKa H KHH:>KHHHa'', KaKTO H KPHTHqe-
CKaTa cTaTH.SI Ha TI. ChlpKy ,,BonrapcKa.SI 3THorpacpm1" OT 1890 r.
I1 KbM 1890 r. MapHHOB seqe .e 110.lJ.I'OTBHJI MaTep1rn.11a, npe)J.H83-
H81ICH 3a OTneqaTBaHe B nbpBHTe 11en1pH KHHfH Ha 3aMHCJieHaTa OT He-
ro nope.zt.Hua, KOHTO TOH O38fJI8BHBa ,,)1(1rna CTapHHa. ETHOrpacpH11e--
CKO (q>OJIKJIOpHo) 113yqaaHe Ha BH.zt.HHCKO, KyncKo, BeJiorpa.zt.tIHllIKO,
JloMCKO, BepKOBCKO, OpHXOBCKO H Bpa11aHCKO". Tosa B C'bIIJ.HOCT e
Il'bpBHHT eTHorpaq>CKH Tpy.u.··Ha ·LI.. ·MapHHOB - H no speMe Ha H3,ll.8-
BaHe, H no CBOHTe pa3MepH, H IlOCBOeTO 3HaqeHHe 3a 6onrapcKaTa
eTHOrpacpHH . .
TTbpBaTa KHHra OT ,,)1(11sa CTapHHa", 38 KOHTO seqe HMaxMe B'b3-
MO.>KHOCT .u.a cnoMeHeM, ce ny6nHKysa B Pyce npe3 1891 r. Q3arJiaseHa
,,BHpBaHHHTa HJIH cyeaepHHTa Ha Hapo.zt.a" (189 c.), TSI C'b.U.'bp}Ka H3B'bH-
pe.u.Ho HHTepeceH MaTepHaJI H3 o6JiacTTa Ha HapO,ll.HaTa JlYXOBHa H 06-
w.ecTBeHa KYJITypa - KOCMOrpaq>HSI, M.HTOJIOI'HSI H )leMOHOJIOI'HSI,
Hapo.l(eH KaJieH,l(ap H CB'bp38HlfTe C Hero 061111a11 H BHpBaHHSI',_ TyK
aBTOpl>T 38CTaBa Ha n03HUHHTe Ha e.l(.HH onpocTeH 8HHMH3'bM, 6es
)la npe.l(JIO}KH cHcTeMHO Hsrpa.l(eHa Teopu.si.
TTaK B Pyce npe3 cJie,l(aaw.aTa 1892 r . H3JIH3a BTopa KHHra, 03a-
r.11aaeHa ,,TineMeHa, BJiaKH, s~pyrH, ceMeiicTaa. HMeHaTa H KopoaeTe
B 3arra.l(Ha BoJirapHH" (306 c.). T.H e nocaeTeHa rJiaBHO Ha· COUH8JIH0·
HOpMaTHBHaTa KYJITypa. B3eMaHKH 38 ,l(eJIHroeHH 6eJie3H npe,IJ.H BCHtJKO
HOCHHTa H roaopa, oTqacru H HpaBHTe Ha Hapo,zta, aaropoT npe.zt.nara
KJl8CHq>HKaUHSI Ha HaceneHHeTo OT TO3H KpaH no rpynH, KOHTO HnIO·
CTpHp a C IIO.l(p06Ha KapTa. He3aBHCHMO OT cna60CTHTe Ha T33H
 19
KJ13CH<pHK3UlUI T.H CH OCTaBa rropBH.HT IT0){06e H OITHT B Hamara JHf-
Teparypa.
Comar a ro){HHa H3JIH3a H rperar a KHHra -,,CeMeHHJUI )KHBOT Ha
Hapo){a (:>KeHHT6a, KP'bI..U.eae, yMHpa!{e, cny*6a, c6op, o6po·K, TJiaKa,
ce,nHHKa, xopo, HareMH.H (rrpOKJienrn) B 3ana){Ha frhJirapH5l~' (383 c.).
MarepHaJI'hT B T83H KHHra, oco6eao 3a OCHOBHHTe ceMeHHH o6HqaH,
npe,ncraBJI.HBa Haii-rro.ztp06HOTO, IT'bJIHOTO H Haii-.zto6pOTO H3BeCTHO )tO-
TOraaa.
qeTB'bpra KHHra Ha ,,)KHBa crapHHa" - ,,HapO){HOTO o6HqaHHO
npaao I. fpa)K){aHCKO rrpaao" (540 c.), ce ny6JIHKyBa B 1894 r. c1>-
mo B Pyce. nocra IIO-K'bCHO, rrpe3 1907 r.' B Co<f>H.H H3JIH3a KHHra
mecra - ,,Hapo){HO KapareJIHO (yrnaaHo) rrpaao" (247 c.), KO.sITO ce
j{BSIBa npO)t1>JI)KeHHe H )t0Il1>JIHeHHe Ha KHHra qeTB'bp Ta. MarepH aJI1>T H
B ){sere KHiffH e H3KJIIoqHreJIHO H3 o6Jiacrra Ha COUHaJIHO-HOpMaTHBHa-
Ta KyJirypa. .
TTeraTa KHHra OT rrop~m1uaTa ce ny6Ju1Kyaa rrpe3 1901 r. a
KH. XVIII Ha C6HYrro){ 3arJiaaHe ,,rpa){HBO 3a nemecraeHaTa KYJITypa
11a 3ana){Ha BoJirapH.H" (201 c.). T.H e rrocaereHa Ha MaTep-HaJIHara
xyJiryp a Ha HaceneHHero or 3arra){Ha 61>Jirap1u1 H _ce OTJIHqaaa c 60-
rarcraoTo Ha BKJIIoqeHHH B HeH TeKCTOB H HJIIOCTpaTHBeH MaTepHaJI.
TTocJie){HaTa,ce,nMa KHHra OT ,,)I(Haa cTap1rna'' l{.MapHHOB rry6JIH-
xyaa 3HaqHreJIHO rrO-K'bCHO - 1914 r., B KH. XXVI II Ha C6HY rro,n 3a-
rJiaeHe ,,Hapo.nHa B.Hpa H peJIHrH03HH Hapo,nHH o6Hqaa'' (574 c.). Ta-
3H KHHra ce oTJIHqaaa OT ocTaHaJrnTe B rrope,nHuaTa KaKTO 110 co.n1>p-
>KaW.H.H ce B HeSI MaTepHaJI, TaKa H no .Haq·HHa Ha HeroaoTo H3JiaraHe.
T.sr e rrocaeTeHa Ha .u.yxoaHaTa H 06mec1:aeHaTa KYJITypa Ha ueJIH.51
-6'bJirapCKH Hapo,ll. .
Y crrope,nHO C,,)K1rna CTapHHa'' aBTOp'bT IIO,ll.fOTB.H H .npyrH HSIKOH .
npHHOCH H3 o6Jiacrra Ha erHorpaqnrnTa. TTpe3 1894 r. B Co<f>Hsr rry6JIH-
Kyea ,,BacHeHHK HJIH c6opHHK OT Hapo,llHJi 6acHH" (135 c.), B KOHTO
ca <pa6yJIH3HpaHH 50 rrorosopKH, 3a C'b)KaJieHHe c e3HKa Ha C'h6Hpa11a,
a He Ha Hapo,na. so B1>B a. ,,BecrH" (I.J.apHrpa,n, ro,n.X II, 6p. 5) ce 0T·n e-
11area CTaTHSITa MY ,,CJiy)K6ara B HaIIIHSI Hapo,n", a B ,,nepHO){HtieCKO
-cnHcaHHe", KH. XVIII ·_ craTHHTa ,,E){HO rrpe){aHHe" (3a _H3aecraara
~apHUHHa cKaJia Ha.n YpaHqKaTa KperrocT). E){Ha qacT OT CBOHTe erao-
rpaq>cKH C6HpKH l{.MapHHOB rry6JIHKyBa B e){HHCTBeHaTa H3JISISJia KHH-
>KKa Ha opraHH3HpaHHTe H pe){aKTHpaHH or Hero ,,l-'faaecnrn aa Erao-
rpaq>HqecKHH My3eii" (C., 1907). Toaa ca cTaTHHre MY ,,Boem~u." (c.
6-11) , ,,TiatepHua" (c. 11-14 ), ,,EH.SI, EHho, SIHSI HJIH EHbo'aa
·6yJI.H" (c. 14-20 ) H ,,KyKOBH HJIH KYKepH" (c. 21-28 ). B TSIX aaro-
P'hT rrpaBH rro,npo6Ho om1cam1e Ha pa3rJie*.ztaHHTe SIBJieHHH, IIQAKpe-
.neHo c 6oraT HJIIOCTpaTHBeH MaTe~HaJI. B YBO){HHTe .ltYMH Ha C'hI..U.HTe
30
TpH 6aCHH OT p'bKOnHCHaTa II l.f. Ha TO3H BacHeHHK 8BTOPoT O6Ha O Ba .. 8
~"· .. Bh.lirapcKa c6HpKa",44 KB. II, : 1895, 160-16 2, no.it sarnaaue .,OT Heu 3'A~.11!au
Te
vaCHH Ha M. Map~HOB • . '
 20 ,aHMHT'l,P MAPHH08

,,YfaBeCTH.H'' n.
MapHHOB OTHOBO H3Jlara CBOeTO CXBaW.aHe 33 npe.nMeTa
H o6eKTa Ha eTHorpacpH.HTa, K8TO H3T'bKBa cow.eapeMeHH0 HY.>K.llaTa OT
Il'bJIHO eTHOrpacpCKO npoyqBaHe Ha CTpaHaTa.
HHTepec 38 eTHOrpacpa npe.ncTaBJI.HBaT• H JJeKCHKOrpacpCKHTe Ma-
TepH8JIH 3a 60J1rapCKHSI peHHHK, KOHTO )1. MapHHOB ny6JIHKyBa B
C6HY (KH. X, 217-232· KH, XI, 187-195; KH. XII, 270-2~6 H
KH. )_{III, 249-271) _' ,,,LlyMH H ·cppa3H H3 ·3ana.nHa 60J1rapm1"►
TIpH MHOro OT .llYMHTe TOH .naea cae.neHHH 38 MaTepHaJIHH.SI 6HT' 3a
.llYXOBHHSI H o6w.ecTseHH.st .>KHBOT Ha Hapo.na. MaKap H OCTaHaJIH He-
.llOBopmeHH, Te MOraT .na 6'b.ll8T H3Il0Jl3YB8HH OT pa3JIHllHH cne-
UHaJIHC~H - eT~orpacpH, <pOJIKJIOpHCTH, .llHaJleKTOJlO3H, KYJJTYPHH
HCTOPHUH, ~ :
Heroea e H MBJIKaT·a CTaTHH ,,)KeHHT6aTa qpe3 rpa6eHe MOMH~
(BonrapcKa c6HpKa, ro.n. · XII, 1905, KH. III, 222-226), B KO.SITO· .
on_n caa T03H 06111rnH B 06J1acTTa KaMeHHUa, KIOCTeH,llHJICKO.
Tosa e ll.HJIOTO netJaTHO TBOptieCTBO Ha eTHOrpacpa ,U. MapHHOB.
3HatJHTeJJHa tJaCT OT C'b6paHHTe MaTepHaJIH 38 C'b.>KaJleHHe OCTaBaT He-
H3)la,neHH. Ha H.sIKOJIKO MeCTa B ,,Hapo.nHa B.Hpa H peJJHfHO3HH HapO.llHH
o6HtJaH'' TOH cnoMeHaBa 38 60.nem.H CBOH H3CJle.llB8HH.st' KOHTO Il0COtJBa
31
C H83B8HH.SlTa HM, a B KpaTKHTe CH 6HorpacpHtIHH 6ene.>KKH nnme, qe
IlO.llf0TBH MaTepHaJla 33 cne.nHHTe· MOHorp acpHH: ,,O6nel{JIO"' paHa"',,x
,,,LlOM H IlOKbUJ.HHHa"' ,,,UeTCKH cpon°KJJOp" H ,,Hapo.nHa Me.llHUHHa". 5IBHO·
TOH He ycnsrna .na .noaopmH ciioeTo .neno. Tosa, pa36Hpa ce, He HaK'bp-
HSIBa· 3HatJHMOCTTa Ha OCTaBeHOTO HH OT Hero eTHOrpacpcKO H8CJle.llCTBO.
B USIJI0CTH0TO eTHOrpacpCKO .neno Ha ,U. MapHH0B ce OTKpmrna He-
roeaTa nope.nm.1.a ,,)KHea cTapmia". no csosi 3aMHC'hJI H eTHH11ecKH 06-
xsaT, C'b.ll'bp.>KaHHe H pa3MepH TSI npe.ncTaBJHIBa KpyneH CBO.ll 38 H3ytJa-
BaHe Ha 6.onrapcKaTa Hapo.nHa KYJJTypa. Henocpe.ncTBeHo H JIHtJHO C'h6-
paHHre OT ,U.MapH.HOB MaTepHaJIH ca OT ceJJHW.a B 'iorasamHaTa 6oJirap-
CKa .ll'bp.>KaBa, a MaTepHaJIHTe OT OCTaHaJIHTe· 6bJirapCKH eTHHtJeCKH Te-
PHTOpHH TOH B3eMa OT ny6JIHKyBaHH H3T01IHHUH, rJiaBHO OT ,,C6opHHK
3a Hapo.nm1 YMOTBopeHHH''. TaK·a aBTOpbT ycnSIBa )I.a OC'bUJ.eCTBH CBOR
crpeMe.>K H aM6HI.I.HH, KaTO npe.ncTaBH B ,,)KHBa CTapHHa" Hapo.nHaTa HK
KYJITypa B rpaHHUHTe Ha USIJlaTa M>JlrapcKaeTHHlleCKa repHTOpHH,
r J18BHOTO B ·cnyqa51 e npaBHJIHaTa aBTOpoea H)le.H H IlO3HUHSI .na H3JIO)KH.
6'bJirapcKaTa Hapo.nHa KYJJTypa B aeHHHTe.ecTeCTBeHH eTHHlleCKH rpa-
HHUH,
Tiope.llHUaTa pa3KpHBa UHJIOTO 6oraTCTBO H MHOroo6pa3He Ha H8-
. po.nHaTa KYJITypa rJlaBHO Ha CeJICKOTO HaceJieHHe (3H81IHTeJIHa 11acT ce-
OTH8CH aa Ceaepoaana.nHa BoJirap1rn), KOSITO aBTOpbT q>HKCHpa B-
KpaSI Ha MHH3JIIUI H Il'bpBHTe .l(eceTHJieTlf.SI Ha HalllHH BeK. BKJIIOqBama
MaTepHaJIH OT BCHtJKH .llHJIOBe Ha Ta3H KYJITypa, ,,)KHBa CTapHHa" no-
KPHBa npe.nMeTHaTa o6nacT Ha 6onrapcKaTa eTHorpaq>HH npes TOSH ne·
pHO.ll OT He:attoTo pa3BHTe·. B Toea Haft-eeqe nposepa HeftHaTa sHallHM0CT.

81AEHM, .N'9 219, c. 4.

 21
HHTO e,l{HH pa60THHK Ha eTH0rpa<pCK(?TO rrorrpm.u.e ,l{0ToraBa
He e Harrpa-
irnn TOBa, K0eT0 HlmpaBH .[{. MapHHOB. J1 aKO ,l{HeC mre cpaamlBaMe
3KH
Heroaoro ,l{eJio r JiaBH0 ,c 6oraTH c6npKH OT HapO,llHH rreCHH H rrpHK8
0B cu
Ha coapeMeHHHKa MY K. A. IIIarrKapea; To ace rraK MapHH
33II33Ba npe,llHHHaTa Ha er1forpacp, C'b6pan H o6HapO,llBaJI H3B'bHp~,llHO
nonHH MaTepHaJIH etpxy l(HJiara HapO,llHa KYJITypa. B TOBa 0THOII
IeHHe
1'0H OCTaBa HeHa,llM0rHaT H ,ll0 ,l{Hec. Cn6paHOTO OT .[{. MapHH
OB neHH0
KyJiry pa rrpe3
H3YllH O rpMHB O OTp33 HBa C'bCT051HHeTo Ha Hapo,l lHaTa
OHSI rrepHO.ll; KOrar o TH rrpe,llCTaBJI.SIBa e,llHa HeHap
ymeHa O111.e UHJIOCT-
K0-
·Ha CHCTeMa. Toea o6cro.Hre.ncrao e 0111.e e.l{Ha rrpHtIHHa, ·rropa,u.11
51TO - H ,llHeC .[{. MapHHOB He MO)KC ,lla 6'b,llC ,l{0CTHrHaT.
O111.e e,u.Ha oco6eHOCT Ha CTH0rpaq>cKOTO TB0ptICCTBO Ha T03H I1JI0-
YTB'bp,llCHUTC
.ll.OBHT aerop 3acJiy )KaBa BHUMa Hue. Tofl rrp'bB Hapym aaa
.llYXOBHaTa Ky JI-
npe3 Bn3pa )K,ll3H CTO rpa,llU UHH ,lla ce U3CJie,llea rJiaBHO
. -rypa Ha Hapo,lla. HcropHtICCKU.SlT MOMCHT eorrpe,llCJIHJI HaCOKaTa Ha TO-
Ha poMaH THllHO -
. raeam HUTC HapO,llOYtJHU . H3CJie ,llaamr n, rrpaaem-1 B .llyxa
HeHH 3aCJIY fH 33
narpuO TUtJHO TO 'HarrpaBJICHUC. )l. MapHH OB HMa HCC'bM
HeTO Ha HaCJie -
pa311y neaHe To Ha re3u HaytJH H rpa.zt.HUHH H rrpeo,l{OJIHBa
Ha-
,neHaTa e,llHocrpaHtIHBOCT,KaTo ececrpaHH0 rrpoy11ea H MarepµaJIHara
p-
pO,llHa Kynry pa. C T0Ba TOH pa3IIIHpHB3 rrpe,nMCTHaTa o6JiaCT Ha 61>Jira
Ha HerOBHSI rro-
<:KaTa CTHOrpaq>HH. ,,rpa,nH BOTO" ·MY e HaH-R pKaTa H3SIB3
11e-
rne.n Bnpxy 3a.z:r.aqara H o6eKTa Ha H3CJie)loeareJIH-erHorpa<p. Hac1>p
. HHC 33 IIO,llrOTBSIHCTO Ha Ta3H KHHra CTaBaT .llYMHTe . Ha He. )l. lliHIIIM a-
Jie-
H0~: ,,BemecreeHara KYJITypa o6pa3yea 3a ce6e CH e,zrno.notJTH He,llor
.llHO IlOJie, Ha .KOeTo pSl,llKO H3CJie,neatJHTC y H_ac CTl>IIBaT, Karo qe TH ·He
3acJiy:>Kea C,llHaKB~ BHHMaHHe c .llYXOBHaTa .. _. llocer amHo ro 1111cro
npOH3Be,llCHHSI,
ecreTHtJCCKO BJieqe ~He B H3CJIC,llBaHCTO Ha HapO,llHHTC
.zt.a
KaKT0 ce e Ka3BaJIO H Ha ,llpyro MSICTO B' TOH C6opHHK, TpS16ea
oru H no-
OTCT'bIIH Ha C,llHH IIO-IllHpOK B1>3fJIC,ll, OT KOHTO 111.e ce H3pa6
32
mupoKa nporpaMa. "
TTopC,llHUaTa ,na)la OCHOB8HUC HCHHHHT aBT0p ,lla 6'b,l{C npH3H3T H
YTBbp,llCH KaT0 HaH-BH,l{HHH Ham CTHOrpaq>-Cb6Hpaq OT IlbpBHTe ,llece-
THJICTHSI CJIC,ll Oceo6o)K.lleHHCTO. H KOCTO e HHTepeCHO, TOBa npH3H3HHe
BopBH Herrocpe.n;craeHo c rry6JiuKyeaHero Ha or,neJIHHTe KHHrH. B rrpe-
TIHCKara. Me)K.ll,y 11B. )l. IllumMaHOB H ·Jl. MapHHOB, KOSIT0 ce. B0.ll,H
33

BH-
HMeHHO no epeMe Ha OTIICtJaTBaHCTO Ha ,,)l(Haa crapHHa", cpemaMe
roJieMH.ff
~0Ka 0[(CHKa Ha aerop0B0TO ,l{CJI0 U HaCbptieHue OT crpaH a Ha
OT
Ham KyJirypeH, rrpoceeTCH H 06111.ecraeH ,l{een. TaKa B IIHCMOTO CH
18. XII. 1891 r. iI.fomMaHOB rrume: ,,Yaa)KaCMH r. MapHHOB, OT,llaeaa
eeqe )KCJiaSix ,lla Bu IIO,l{HCCa CBOUTC KOMIIJIHMeHTH 33 0TJIHtIHaTa Barna
ff
,,)l(Hea crapuHa'', KOSITO 111.e Hanpaeu )KUBO erretJaTJICHHe B CJiaBSIHCKH.
pa-
MHp u UJ.C 6b,l{e nocpe111.HaTa Bb06UJ.e KaTO neHeH BKJia,l{ B erHor

::B)I(. e npe).lrOBopa K1,M X ua C6HY , c. Vil.

KH.
ITpenHcKara, orHacmua ce .aa nepuo)la or 1891 .no 1906 r · c1, Jlbp>Ka
11 nHcMa Ha lliuwMattos .no Map1moe. B>K. AE11M, N~ 218. ·•
·22 P.HMHT'l,P MAPHHOB

qnuITa,Ho oqaKaax,lla BH.llH II BTopaTa :qacT,Ta Toraaa ,lla ~H H3Ka:>Ka cao-

eTo _MHeHHe 3a u.eJIHH BH TPY.ll· Cera Mora cao6o,llHO ,lla BH Ka.>Ka, qe
BHii CH C'b3,llaaeTe c BarnaTa npeJiecTHa H npeHHTepecHa c6HpKa :-e.n.HH
TpaeH naMeTiIHK . .. A3 ce 1IY.llH Ha BarneTo TPY.llOJuo6He,Ha BarnaTa npo-
30pJIHB0CT H oco6eHO Ha BarnaTa CTpora CHCTeMaTHKa! B II0CJie,llHOTO
0TH0IIIeHHe oco6eHo BHe ce,llHTe IIO-BHCOK0 OT BCHqKH HaIIIH eTHOrpaqm.
BHH np11Te.>KaBaTe BCH1IKH ycJIOBH.sI .ua CTaHeTe cepHO3eH H3CJie)].OBaTeJI
H ,lla BJieseTe B pe,lla Ha CJiaBHHCKHTe ytJeHH eTHOrpaqm, KOHTO MHH3BaT
H B o6JiaCTTa Ha cpaBHHTeJIHaTa HayKa."
B cJie,llBamoTo cw nHCMO OT 8. I. 1892 r. lIIHUIMaHOB IIHUie:
,,KoHTO pa36Hpa OT eTHorpaqrn.si H ce HHTepecyaa 3a HeHHHTe npo6JieMH,
c HacJia.ua II c yaJie11eHHe me 11eTe BarnHTe c6HpKH ."
Ou.eHKaTa, KOHT0 lIIHUIMaHOB ,llaaa Ha nope.um.1.aTa, Hee cJiytJaHHa.
ToH II03Ha:aa oT6JIH30 Tpy.uoBeTe Ha Jl.MapHHOB, H.HKOH OT KOHTO pe.n.aK-
THpa (rre11aTaHHTe B C6HY), H c ·BHCOKaTa CH epy.UHI.I.HH e MOr'hJI .ua co-
.UH 3a THXHaTa Hay11Ha CTOHHOCT. B Kpa.H Ha 1900 r . , KOraTO MapHHOB
e B lJ.ap11rpa.u, B KH. XVII I Ha C6H~. ce ne11aTa HeroaoTo ,,rpa.uHao'\
lIIHUIMaHoB ro .ll'hP.>Kl:I B Te11em1e Ha paooTaTa,coo6maaaiiK H MY roJI.HMa-
Ta 6op3HHa, C KOHTO B'bpBH Ha6HpaHeTO Ha MaTepHaJia.· BH.n.Ha e pa-
,ll0CTTa Ha pe.n.aKTOpa 3a IIO-CKOpOUIHOT0 ny6JIHKyBaH,e KaKTO Ha Ta3H
KHHra OT ,,)l(HBa CTapHHa", TaKa H Ha .n.pyri:lTe ,llBe pa60TH Ha aBTOpa B
comHH TOM-,,11epoMoHax Hocmp Bpa.n.aTH"H ,,.IlHMHTpHH KaHTaKy3HH''.
TipaBH ane11aTJieHHe, .qe JI. MapHHOB OTne11aTBa II'bpBHTe neT H3-
Jie3JIH KHHfH OT nope.u11uaTa B CaMOCTOSITeJIHH H3,ll'3HHH. B1>npeKH qe
lIIHUIMaHOB ro C'bBeTBa .ua rH rry6JIHKyBa Ha CTpaHHUHTe Ha,,C6opHHK 33
ttapo.n.HH yMoTaopeHHH", TOH OTKa3Ba. ,,Kpafrno co.>KaJIHBaM -My nHwe
c
lIIHUIMaHOB (8. I. 1892 r .), - 11e BHii He ce cornac11xTe MeHe.n.a ny6-
.7IHKyBaTe B C6opHHK3 pe3yJITaTHTe OT BaUIHTe H3CJie)].B3HHH. BH.>K,llaTe
JIH, 33 C'bM y6e.n.eH, qe no TOH H3l.lHH no-JieCHO m.s1xa .n.a 6'b,ll8T )].OCT'bII-
HH 3a yt1eHaTa ny6JIHKa. He e JIH rp.HX xy6aBHTe BH C6HpKH .n.a r~HSIT
H3 JI3B1:lll.HTe Ha H3UIHTe KHH.>KapH' HaMeCTO .n.a 6o)].3T B p1,ueTe Ha ea-
poneikKHTe y11eHH?" 11 IIO-H3,llOJiy: ,,3HaeTe, C6opHHK'bT aeqe caM no
ce6e npenopot1Ba ne11aTaH11Te B Hero MaTepHaJIH." Mo.>Ke 6H M . ApHay-
.ll.OB HM3 npaao, K3TO IlHUie, qe MapHHOB ,,... CHKaUI HCKa .n.a c1>nepHH1IH
Ha 3HaMeHl:lTHH C6opHHK 33 HapO,llHl:l YMOTBOpeHH.sI,HayKa H KHH.>KHH- .
Ha ... QqeBH,llHO MapHHOB .l(OrOHBa qecTOJII06HBl:lH IIJl3H Ha PaKOBCKH
.n.a
H31IepnH caM ll..HJIOTO 6oraTCTBO OT YCTHH Tpa,llHlI.HH H Hapo.uila
KYJITypa B 60Jirap1rn . . . " 34
Onpe.n.eJieHu 3acJiyrn aa rronym1pH3HpaHeTo Aa ,,)l(HBa cTap1rna"
HMa lIIHIIIM3HOB, KOH.TO ueHH Bl:lCOKO Hapo.n.oyt1HOTO .n.eJio Ha HeHHH.SI aB-
TOp H ·c1,w.eapeMeHHO ,ll'bJI60KO e y6e.n.eH B He06XO,llHMOCTTa TH ,lla CTaHe
JI.OCTO.HHHe Iia yqeHHH CBHT. ,,AKo flMaTe B'h3MO.>KHOCT, rrpaTeTe ,llapoM
Ha yqeHHTe, K3KTO npaBl:lM C'bC C6opHHKa - IIOHe Ha CJiaBHCTHTe. A3
caM me 06.HBH 3a BallIHTe c6HpKH B e;:{HH p~cpepaT Bopxy 6oJirapcKaTa

34
M. ApHayao8, .[J.HMHT'bp MapHHOB H 6onrapcKaTa••• , c. 4.
 23
qeruKH
<J)oJIKJIOpHa JIHTep aTypa , KOHTo ce o6em.ax .n;a HanpaB.H 3a e.n;HH
eTHOrp aq>CKH BeCTHHK" - IIHine lIIHllIMaHOB a C'blll,OTO IIHCMO OT
1892 r.
,KOH-
QqeaHAHO no T03H noBo.n; lJ.. MapHHOB ce o6pom.a K'hM ·lIIHllIMaHOB
ro B orroBop a CH or 23. XII. 1892 r. MY H3npam.a cnHC'hK Ha yqeHH H
a
HHCTHTYUHH OT pe.n;Hua crpaH H , Ha KOHTO cnope.n; Hero aarop'bT Tp5I6B
.n;a H3IIpa TH CBOHT e KHHrH . TyK qereM HMe1r nra Ha TaKHB a H3BeC THH
y11eHH Karo A . H . BeceJioBCKH, A. H. TTmrnH, n. A. CbipK
y, T.
CyMUOB , B. 11. JlaMaHCKH, JI. HH.n;epJie, 11. TToJIHBKa, K. HpetJe
K,
A. JleCKHH (Jlaiin uur) H .n;p. , a Cblll,0 H pe.n;aKUHHTe ua CITHC8HH5I
eHHe''
,,)KHBa.H crapH Ha'' (TTere p6ypr )' ,,9THOrpaq.>HtJeCKOe 0603p
(MocK sa), ,,Wisl a" (Bapi llaaa) , ,,Cesky lid" (TTpara).
Or H8ll1e,coapeMeHHO rJie.n;Hw,e6Hxa ,MorJIHA3 ce npe.n;.SJB5IT HJIKOH
a ttapo.n;Ha KYJITy -
nO-BHCOKH H$HCKBaHH51 K'bM rrope.n;HuaTa . fibJira pCKaT
B
pa rro OHOBa apeMe (Kpaa Ha XIX a.) He e cou:HaJIHO e~Hopo.n;Ha, .T.e.
BHTeJ IHO
pa3JIH'lHHTe COUHaJIHH CJIOeae Ha o6w,eCTBOTO TH e aeqe 'lYBCT
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.J-
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OB, OCTaB aHKH
BaHeT o M Ha rpa.n;C KaTa Hapo.n;Ha KyJiry pa. ]l. MapHH
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rH npHJIO)l{HM K'bM ,,)K1rn a·.CTap1rna" Ha Jl. MapHH OB, HHe
MO)l{e M .n;a no-

C01.JHM CJia6oCTH KaKTO B KOHKpeTHHTe MeTO.l{H Ha C'b6HpaHeTo, o6pa-

llie-
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 24 JiHMHT "bP MAPHHO B

BHTHeTo Ha 6onrapcKa Ta eTHorpacpm r . .UHec HHe Tp.H6Ba .zta oueu.sreaMe

eTHorpaq>C KHTe MY rrpHHOCH H 0TKbM T.HXHaTa HCT0pHtieC Ka CT0HHOCT•
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HHUJ { HH OCTaBHXa MaTepHaJII1 H Ha6mo,neHH H Bbpxy HapOJ.(HaTa KYJI-
Typa H 6HT' KOHTO Cb3,lla,noxa cpyH,naMeHT a Ha HaU.H0HaJIH 0TO rpMHB0
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My3eH MapHHOB rrpO,ltbJI.>Ka aa .zta pa60TH ace TaKa eHTycHa3H paH0, II0JI-
3yBaHKH ce OT IIO,llKperraT a Ha llIHWM8HOB . C rnupoTaTa Ha CBOHTa
epy.ztHUHH II0CJie,nHH.HT e ou.eH.HB8JI orpOMHOTO 3HaqeHue Ha T03H KYJI-
TypeH HHCTHTYT H C BCHqKH CHJIH e Cb,lleHCTBy aaJI 3a tter0BOTO opraHu-
3HpaHe H o6mecTBeHO YTBbp.>K.ztaBaHe. Be.ztHara CJie,n 8,llMHHHCT panlB-
H0TO yqpe.ztsrnaH e Ha My3eH MapHHOB no.ztrOTBH no,npo6eH J.(0KJIM no_
HCKaHeTo Ha lliuwMaHOB 3a HerOB0TO ycTpOHCTBO , 38 Cb6HpaTeJI CKaTa
36
H eKCrI03HUH OHH8Ta pa6oTa. Toff HaMHpa H noMemeHHe 3a My3e.H
H B e,:U,iH H3BbHpe,nH 0 KpaTbK cp0K - · 3HMaTa Ha 1906. H 1907 r .
,no M. aErycT - . eKCrI03Hll.lH rTa e rOT0Ba. OceeH MaTepHaJIH Te OT
,no ToraaawHH. H 0T;J.e.TJ KbM HapO.llHH.SI My3efl MapHHOB caM Cb6Hpa
H0BH H3 IJ.HJia DbJirapmr, o6HK8J15IHK H crpaHaTa npe3 1904,
1905 H 1906 r. KbM 3acJiyr1-1Te MY 3a nonyJIHPH3 11paHeTo Ha eTH0-
rpacpHHTa Tp.sr6aa ,lla OTHeceM H opraHH3Hp aHeTo Ha ne11aTeH opraH Ha
My3eH - ,,l13BeCTHH Ha ETHOrpacpH qeCKHH My3efl'', 38 KOHTO eeqe ce
cnoMeHa. KoraTo MapHHOB H3npama ,,l13aecTH.S ITa" Ha llIHrnMaHoB ,
nocJie,:i:H11.HT MY nHwe Me.>K.ztY ,npyroTo cne.ztHOTo: ,,He 3a6paesru.r e .zta
H3npaTHTe opratta CH Ha BCHqKH [10-BH,llHH CJiaB.SIHCKH H eeponeHCK H
eTHOrpaqm , eTHOrpacpcK H H .llPYfH HayqHH .ztpy.>KeCTBa. IlOMOJieTe
BCHqKH ,na BH H3npamaT B 38MHH8 CBOHTe CbqHHeHHH HJIH H3J.(8HHSI H
c6opHHIJ.H . TypeTe eeqe octtoaa Ha e,ntta rro-cneuHaJ IHa HapoJ.(oyqH a
6116.'IHOTeK a rrpH My3esr. TiocTapaHT e ce ,l(a Cb6epeTe rrpeJ.(H BCHllK0
e,l(Ha TibJIHa K0JieKIJ.HH OT BCH11KH 6bJirapCKH H3,llaHHSI Ha rreCHH, npH-
Ka3KH H rrp. HeKa My3eSIT CTaHe cpe,n11me 3a BCHtIKH, K0HTO HCKaT .zta
113yqanaT 6oJirapcKaT a eTHorpacpH. sr. Bne3tteTe B nperrHCKa c 0HHR

35Do speMeTO, KoraTo Hs. ll.lIJHmMaHo s e Ha11a.rtHHK Ha OT_zte.11eHHe e MHHH•

CTepCTBOTO Ha npocseTaTa, }l. Ma pH HOB My npe]lCKa3Ba, qe me CTaHe MHHHCTbp Ha
TOBa Be,AOMCTBO. Ha s1,npoca MY ' KaKBO me HCKa Toraea OT Hero, MapHHOB OTrO•
BapH, qe me HCKa Marape, C KOeTO ,Ila oGHKOJIH 61,.nrapHH 3a CBOHTe H3J.1.HpeaHHSI.
11 cera, KoraTO llOJi y •1aua ]\OKJJa.na Ha MapHHOB, Bh3XHTeH OT Hero. lliHWM3HOB
MY Ka 3sa: ,,TH HCKawe OT MeHe Marape, eTo a3 TH .naeaM aT. H.nu u paCotH!"
(WK. M. Apr1ayiJoB, .llm,mT-·bp Mapuuoa 11 6&nrapcKaTa ••• , c. 1 6).
 25
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* * *
8 cnoJiyllJIHB0 33MHCJieHaTa H 0C'blll.eCTB.s{BaHa OT
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3aIJ.J.O TSIXHOTO npe1rn ,nasaH e e CbBCeM HaBpe MeHHO .
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KHHra ce,nMa OT ,,)KHBa cTapHHa". TTy6.iIHKysaH B Ktt.XXVIII
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Tep1nopHaJIH0 o6xsaw.a U.HJJaTa crpatt a (o6w.o OKOJI0 400 ceJIHW
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HOCH o6o6w.aaaw. xapaKTep. TaKa e cxsaw.aH n OT caMHH asrop
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ro CBHT H Hapo) (-
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BoJirapH.H), Karo cJiy}K6a, o6poK , c6op, HaTeMm1. B xo)(a Ha H3JI0)

16B>K. AEHM, N2 218.

26 JlHMHT7,P MAPHHOB

eTo TOH 11ecTo ce no30BaBa u Ha ocTaHaJinTe KHnrn OT nope.nnuaTa

CH , KOeTo MY )laBa Bb3M0:>KH0CT 38 e)lHO JIO-Il'bJIHO H KOMJIJieKCHO
OCBeTAABaHe Ha H3CJie)lB8HHTe o6eKTH. OCHOBHaTa qacT OT MaTepuaJia
CbCTaBJIHBa T03H, KOH.TO .u.
MapHHOB Cb6upa JJHqHO OT BcnqKH Kpa-
mua Ha CTpaHaTa HM no BpeMe Ha CB0HTe o6HKOJIKH npe3 90-Te rO,llMHH
Ha MHH8JIH.S{ H JibpBOTO .necenIJieTne Ha H8illH.SI BeK.
Tpy.nnT e pa3.neJieH Ha ,nBe 11acTH - Hapo.nHa B.Slpa H PeJinrn03HH
o6ntian. Cnope.n Bb3TipHeTaTa OT aBT0pa CTPYKTypa BCSIKa 11acT ce .neJIH
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TaKa TibpBaTa qacT BKJIIOqBa BHpBaHH.SITa 3a BH)lHMH.s{ )laJieqeH CB51T
(He6eCHH TeJia H Bb3.llYillHH .SIBJieHn.H), 38 BH)lHMHSI 6Jin:>KeH CBHT
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pycaJIKH, 6oJieCTH, CaMOBHJIH, Belli.HUH " np.). B T83H qacT e OT,lleJie-
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HOlllemrn. BnB BTOpaTa qaCT OT Tpy.na, JIOCBeTeHa Ha HapO,llHHTe o6nqan~
aBTOpbT H3Jiara naK B o6oco6eHn )lHJIOBe pe,llOBH0 onpe,neJieHttTe
npa3HIUI.H c 0601rnJ-1Te H o6pe.nHTe KbM T.SIX (uem-rn ro,llHilleH npa3Hnqea
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)lH n o6ntiaH (nenepy,na, fepMaH, roHeHe 3Meii, 3aopaBaHe, cTorraHHH
H np.) .
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B0JISIBa .na opramrnHpa MaTepnaJia B nperJie)leH nJiaH . CaMO Ha OT)leJIHH
MeCTa B pa3JIH1IHHTe )l.SIJI0Be ce .SIB.HBaT HSIK0H Il0BTOpeHHSI.
KoHKpeTHOTO H3JIO)KeHHe Ha MaTepnaJia CbUJ.O ce OTJIHtiaBa OT TOBa
B 0CTaHaJIHTe KHHrlj. Ha ,,)K1rna CTapnHa". TyK aBT0pbT o6o6maBa CBOH- .
Te Ha6J110)leHH.SI H CBe)leHH.SI OT llJIJiaTa CTpaHa H rH H3Jiara, np1rne:>K-
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B C6HY. ToH ce e nocTapaJI .na nocoqn M.HCTOTO, BpeMeTo II H3TOtIHHKa
37
Ha CBO.HTa HH<pOpMaI.I.H.H. B OT)leJIHH CJ1y11a11 yKa3Ba H Ha H.SlKOH ll3-
CJie)lB3HHSI Bbpxy pa3rJie)K)laHHTe 51BJieHHSI.
ll..HJIOTO T0Ba 6oraTO rpa,llHBO .u.
MapnHOB 110,llHacsr Ha lJHTaTeJrnTe
TaKOBa , K8KBOTO ce Bb311pneMa H npe11.aBa OT ceJICKaTa cpe.na - HeroB
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37 5TBttO, IJe B \. ,1Jy 1Ia~ aBTOpn T e B JeMaJI npe,ll, BH,ll, KpktTHKHTe, OTnpaneHH MY
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no T03H llOBO,:l. OIUe ,ILMapHHOB B cnoMeHaTaTa peueH3HH OT 1893 r. llO,:l cpopMaTa

Ha npenop:i,Ka KbM BCHl!KH 3anHc.raqH 06p1,~a BHHMaHHe Ha Ta3H CJia6ocT 33•
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FpeMeTO Ha TF.X HaTa C'bBMeCTHa pa6oTa, KOHTO MY IlHUJe BbB Bpb3J< a C OTne\JaTBaHeTO
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5. XII. 1900 r . • B>K. AEHM, N2 218).
 27
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npaKT HKH, o6pe.zr.eH peKBH3HT, TepMHHOJIOrJUI, KaKTO H CB'bp38HHSIT C
THX o6pe.zteH <pOJIKJIOp. Ha OCHOBaTa Ha OTKpo em1re TepMH
HH aBTOp'bT'
CHa6.z:tHB8 TOMa C npe.ztMeTeH IlOK833Jieu..
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HH 06H-
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113H . HeroB aTa HayqH a 3Ha11HMOCT e Heocn opHMa . Ho KaKTO B MHOro
.a no-cnm .e-
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aTa Ha
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aaropa ..
28 ,11HM HT1,P MAPH HOB

QqeBHJJ.HO OCHOBH3T3 npuqua a 33 Te3H cna6oc TH ce KOpeHH B'bB

4laKTa, qe .u.MapHHO B Hee IlOJiytlH JI cnenuaJ JHa IlOJJ.rOTOBK3 38 CBOHTe
eTHorpacpcKH 3aHHMaHHH. B T.HX TOH ce poKOBOJJ.H Haii-ee qe OT H3BeCT HO·
TO HeMy, . Hanpas eHo B T33H o6JiaCT , K3KTO H OT co6cTee HHH CH BKyc
K'bM T03H POJJ. MaTepH H. 3apa>1<JJ.aHeTO Ha HHTepe ca K'b~ .>l<HBOTa Ha Hapo-
)l.a, KaKTO H ycnexH Te Ha .U.MapH HOB B o6JiaCTTa Ha eTHOrpa q>eKHT e H3-
qe
-CJieJJ.BaHHH JJ.O rOJISIMa cTeneH ce onpeAeJI.HT H OT 06CTO.S1TeJICTBOTO,
H C
caMHHT TOH npOH3J IH33 OT HapOJJ.a H BHHarH OCTaBa T.SICHO CB'bp3a
Hero. Toea TB'l)pJJ.e MHOro MY IlOMara e pa6oTa Ta, HO TO C'bBCeM Hee JJ.0-
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B TO-
3H CMHC'bJI e npas M. ApaayJJ.OB, KOHTO onpeJJ.eJIH MHCTOTO Ha .U. Ma-
31
PHHOB B HayKaT a Me>1<JJ.y TOBa Ha 3anuce aqa H H3CJieJI.OBaTeJI.H .
CTpyKT ypaTa Ha TpyJJ.a,Ko.HTO MY ocHryp Hea onpeJI.eJieH nnaH npu
H3JIO>l< eHHeTo, OT CoBpeM eHHO rJieJI.Hlll.e TopnH Ji3BeCT HH B'b3pa.> 1<eHHH.
HHKOH OT ,ll.HJIOBeTe B JI.BeTe qaCTH MOraT JI.a 6oJI.aT nperpy nHpaH
H no
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THHTe
.,neJIHH orJiaeJieH H.ff. qeCTO aeTOp'b T JJ.aea B 38rJiaBH.SIT a ,UHaJieK
Ha3B8H HH Ha pa3rJie>1<,uaHOTO HBJieHH e, 6e3 TOBa ,ua e nocJie)l. OBaTeJI HO
nponeit eHo u.eJIHH TpyJI..
e
Ha HHKOH MeCTa B ,UHJIOBeTe ce Ha6mo, uaaa H3BeCTH O HeCHCT eMHO
H3Jiara He Ha MaTepH aJia, KOeTo C'bBCeM ecTeCTB eHo ce OTp33H Ba B'Lpxy
CTOHHO CTTa H nperJieJJ.HOCTTa Ha H3JIO>1<em1.eTo.
Cn-a6ocT Ha TpyJJ.a e H Tosa, qe He BHttaru ca HCHO pa3rpaH HtJe-
ce
HH Hapo,UH HTe cxsama HHSl OT 8BTOpO BHTe. Tosa MHOro OTtieTJI HBO
BH.>1<,n:a Hanp. npH onHcaH HeTo na Kanyrna puTe.
.
Ha OT,n:eJIHH MeCTa OilHC8H JU{Ta npaBHT enetiaTJ ieHHe C'bC CBOHTa
HenoJIHOTa. TaK'bB e cJiytiaH T Hanp. c npa3HH Ka MJia,ueHU.H., c KyKepH Te
H He CTffH8p HTe, OTt{8CTH C 06Ht18H Jia3apy saHe, a npa3HHI ..U{Te IleTJJO-
BJI.eH, naeJJhOBJJ.eH H IleTKOBJJ.eH H3o6w.o ca nponyc HaTH. HenoJIH O e
npe~cT aeeHo H perHOHaJJHOTO pa3npoc TpaHeH He Ha OT,UeJIHH o6HtiaH .
3a rrpHMep w.e IlOCOlJHM 06Ht18H Jia3apy eaHe H npa3HH.Ka CeeTH tteTHp-
CH (s H3ToqH a Bonrap Hst). B HHKOH cnyqaH npH onHcatt11e Ha JJ.aJJ.eHo
HBJJeHHe asTopo T ro ·ceop3s a caMo c eJJ.HO cenm.u.e, OTK'b)le ro e HeroeaT a
tIH-
HHcpOpM 3U.HH. TaK'bB e CJiytia.H T Hanp. C Jia,UHHO xopo. Toe a BO.AH
TaTeJJH ,uo H3BeCTH a JJ.e3HHq>OpMal.(HH HAO CTeCHH BaHe Ha <paKTHt ieCKHH
apeaJI Ha 6uTysa tte H pa3npoc TpaHeH He Ha HBJieH_HeTo. He HaBCHKoJJ.e
Hae. Ho
-ca OT6eJI.S I38HH BCHtIKH H83B8H HH H npaKTH KH, H3BeCT HH y
B HHK8K'bB cny 1rnfi He MO>l<eM JI.a ce C'brJiaCHM C M . ApttayJI .OB, KOHTO
npeJJ.SIBHB8 K'bM 8BTOpa npeTeHU.HHTe 33 Il'bJIHa H3tiepnaTeJIHOCT Ha M8-
TepHaJI1 -1Te OT OT,UeJJHHTe , paHOHH . 39 -

C o w.ecTeeHa CJia6a CTpaHa Ha tpy,ua npeJI.CTaBJIHBaT cpOJIKJIOpHHTe

TeKCTOBe, B KOHTO .u.
MapHHO B CH Il03BOJIHB8 CB06o,uHO ,ua ce BMecaa .
Or ,lJ.Ba HJIH noaeqe ny6JIHK YB8HH BapHaH Ta Ha n ecett TOH npaeH e,l{HH,

!:R-"'. M . ApHayaoB, llHMHT'b p MapHHo e H 6 b l! r apcKaT a •••• c . 28.

Toea H3 HCKB3ff(.' ApHay.[lOB H 3JJa r a B p e ueH3HSI Ta CH 3 8 .. H a pO,llH,a
BHpa
I( peJilffH0 3 HH Ha pOJlHH 06H'l8H" , c. 480.
 29
npH T0Ba .u.a.u.eH Ha JrnrepaT ypeH e3HK. TaKHBa cJiyqaH ce cpew.aT 11
npH K0Jie.u.apcKHTe 6JiaroCJIOBHH. KoraTO UHTHpa CBOJ.fTe JIH4HH 3anH-
CH, TOH rrpOHBHBa CbllI,aTa BOJIHOCT. OcaeH TOBa ffbpBOHaqaJIHHTe CH
aBTeHTH4HH 3aTIHCH Ha CbOTBeTHH.SI ,lJ.HaJieKT IlO,ll,MeHH C JIHTepaT ypHH,
KaKbBT0 e Harrp. CJiyqa.SIT C KOJie,llHHTe, Jia3apCKHTe H 6yeHeWK HTe
neCHH .
KbM Tpy.u.a M0)Ke ..u.a ce OTrrpaBH KpHTHllHa 6eJie.>KKa H no OTHowe-
HHe Ha aBT0pOBHTe 3anHCH, KOHTO He ca HanpaseH H cpoHeTH4HO. Ta3H
40 ce Ha6mo..u.asa H
CJia6ocT, IIOCOllBaHa H 3a no-paHHH Te MY pa60TH,
13 pa3rJie)K,lJ.aHHH TOM.
HaKpaH w.e ce cnpeM Ha pe,llKHTe OTIHTH Ha aBTOpa 3a TeopeTH4HH
TbJIKyBaHHSl Ha HHKOH H3CJie,llBaHH HBJieHH5I. TyK HMeHHO ce cpew.aMe C
H3BeCTHH HerOBH HerrpaBHJIHH cxsaw.aHH.SI, KOHTO ca npHKO CJie,ll,CTBHe,
OT e..u.Ha CTpaHa, Ha He)lOCTaTblJHaTa MY ocse..u.oMeHOCT Bbpxy HayqttaT a
JIHTepaT ypa rro OHOBa BpeMe, a, OT ..u.pyra - Ha noco1:1eHaTa Belle ttenon.-
roTseHOCT 3a Hay4HOH3CJie)lOBaTeJICKa ,pa66Ta B o6JiaCTTa Ha eTHOrpa-
Q>HHTa. OIIHTHTe MY 3a HayqHa HHTepnpeTaUH.SI I KaKTO Belle 6e Ka3aHO,
ce OCHOBaBaT npe)J.HMH0 Ha TbJIKyBamrn: OT Il03HU.HHTe Ha MHTOJIOr.H-
qecKaTa WKOJia. ETO 3aw.o o6HCHeHHeTo Ha OT)le.TJHH RBJieH1,I5I' o6H4alf
H o6pe,l1.H TOH TbpCH B npacTapH M.HTHlleCKH npe)lCTaBH.
KoraTo IlHIIIe CBOH Tpy.u.,n.M apHHOB He I103HaBa BCH4KH rry6JIHKa-
UHH no 3acs1raHHTe OT Hero eTHOrpacpCKH RBJieHH.SI' OT KOeTo 6e3Cil0pHO
CTpau.a HerosaTa pa6oTa. l1MaMe npe..u. BH)l onHcaaHe To Ha Hecnrnap 1,ne
OT n . P. CJiaBeHKOB (,,HpaBH H o6H4aH", ra11..u.a, fO)l . III, 1866, 6p.
12, 194-195 ), BTOpOTO OTIHCaHHe Ha HeCTHHapHTe ~T CbllI,H5l 3BTOP
(,,HecTHH ap1ue", lleH, ro)l. I, 1875, 6p. 11 ,5-6), HHTepecHaTa pa6oTa
Ha aHrJIHHCKIUI apxeoJIO r na·yKHHC 3a rpb_U.KHTe KyKepCKH urpH
(R. W. Dawkins , The Modern Carniva l in Thrace and the Cult of
D i onysus. Journal of Hellenic Studies, XXVI, 1906, 191-206 ), a
TaKa CbIIJ.O H cpaBHHTeJIHHTe H3CJie)lBaHHSI Ha M. ApHay.u.oB Bbp-
xy HeCTHHapCKHTe HrpH H o6H435I repMaH (,,CTy,llHH Bbpxy 6bJI-
rapCKHTe o6pe..u.H H JiereH)lH, 4. I, HecTH.HapH, fepMaH H TexttH.SIT
UHKbJI" , CnBHA, KH. IV, 1~12, 1-122). ToBa MY nonpeqB a .u.a Jla.u.e
RCHa KapTHHa Ha KyKepCKHTe o6HtJaH H HrpH H ..u.a oqepTae pa3JHf4-
HHTe THil0Be B T.sIX. Hecnrna p1ne TOH onpe..u.eJIH HenpaBHJIHO KaT0
peJIHrH03Ha ceK_ T a, 6e3 .u.a npe)lJIO)KH apryMeHT Hpatto Hay11Ho o6.5ICHe-
HHe 3a T.sIXHaTa CbIIJ.HOCT. Tio30BaBaHKH ce Ha CTaTH..SITa Ha K. A . lllan-
Kapes (,,PycaJIHH, ..u.peaeH H TBbp,lle HHTepeceH 6bJirapCK H 06H11a:i'1,
3ana3eH H ,ll,O )J.Hec B 10.>KHa MaKe)J.OHHH'\ TIJIOB,ll,HB, 1884, 29 c.),
MapHHOB OT6eJISl3Ba o6ll'(HOCTTa Me)l{)J.y pycaJI HH H 3arra,lJ.H06bJirapcKu
CTapuH H ,lJ..>KaMaJIH , 6e3 .u.a M0)Ke ,lla o6stCHH rrpH1IHHaTa 3a TOBa.
HecbCTO.SITeJIHO B HaytIH0 0TH0IIIeHHe e H 06.sICHeHHeTo Ha o(>nqa51
Jia..u.yBaHe H Hrp aTa 6yetteu.11 TYK aBT0pbT TbpCH KopeHH H cr-.n 1-
C1,JI B .u.peaHH MHTH4eCKH BstpBaHHH. 3aToBa M. Apaay.u.o s e rrpaa,

•
0
a)IC. y ll,6. Tooopoe' CeBepo3anaAH HTe • • ,c. 466 • .
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xoraTo npw cJiyqa51 c 6yeHeu.a ro ynpeKaa B npocTo.ztyWHa MHCTH<pH-

xauH .sr . 41 .
n.
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MO>KH0CTH 3a TeopeTHtlHH o6o6w.eHH.SI, CH e Il03BOJIHJI HaH-'IHCT0C'bp -
.,D.etIH0 .na ro npe.nna3H OT HaytJHH HHTepnpeTaUH H. ,,Tia3eTe ce caMo OT
npH6op3aHH reHepan1rnaU.H H H 3a(5en.SI3BaiiTe 3a aceKH cpaKT .u.e e BH.D.eH
HJIH cnyrnaH. O6w.HTe pa3C'b:>K)l.eHH.SI CH HMaT CB0SI npenecT, HO H
CBOHTe 0ilaCHH CTpaHH. no-.u.o6pe KapTHHaTa .zta He npe,D.CTaBJI.SIBa
TaKHBa lllHp0KH R oqaposaTeJIHH nepcneKTHBH, HO .zta 60.zte <t><>Torpa-
·qmqecKH B.SipHa. '' 42 · •

KoraTo )I.Hee npeu.eH.SIBaMe Tpy.zta ,,Hapo.ztHa B.Hpa H penHrH03HH

HapO,D.HH 06HtJaH", HHe H3XO:>K)l.aMe OT rne.ztHIII.eT0 3a HeroaaTa H3IlOJI-
"3yBaeM0CT. He3aBHCHMO OT rpellIKHTe Ha aaTopa no OTHOIIIeHHe Ha
HHKOH HaytJH0-Teope THtlHH nocTaHOBKH H KOHu.enu.HH T03H . 1<pyneH
TPYJl B CB0.SITa U.HJIOCT CH OCTaBa u.eHeH BJIOr B rpa.ztHBOTO Ha eTHOrpacp-
-CKaTa HayKa, e,D.HO OT HaH-6oraTHTe no C'b)l.'bp:>KaHHe H TepHTOpHaJieH
-06xsaT H HaH-TopCeHHT e eTHOrpaq>eKH npOH3Be)l.eHHH . Pa3rJie:>K)l.aH OT
·TaKHBa Il03HU.HH, TO HerOBOTO npeH3,D.aBaHe e C'bBCeM HaBpeMeHHO,
Heo6xo,D.HMO H MHoro none3HO.

* * *
IlpH C'bCTaB.HHeTo H pe,D.aKTHpaHeT o Ha HaCTOffmH.SI
TOM ce HaJIO:>KHXa H3BeCTHH npoMeHH C orne.u. no-.u.o6pH.SI BHJl H no-
.U.OCT'bnHaTa pa6oTa C Hero. OCHOBHHHT npHHU.Hil, OT KOHTO CMe Ce
poKOB0)J.HJIH, 6e .u.a ce 3ana3H aBTeHTHtJHOCT Ta 'Ha nopBOTO HS)l.aHHe
OTK'bM C'b)J.'bp:>KaHHe, CTpyKTypa H e3HK. Tiopa.n.H T0Ba HanpaaeHHTe
npoMeHH sac.SiraT HaA-seqe · T¢XHHtJeCKaTa CTpaHa. ·
. TI03B0JIHJIH CMe CH B e,D.HHHtJHH CJiytiaH .u.a Hanp~BHM HJIKOH MaJIKH
pa3MeeTBaHH.S I Ha .D.YMH . H H3pa3H B TeKCTa 3a nq-Jio-ri-1t1Ha nocJie)J.OBa-
TeJIH0CT Ha H3JIO:>KeHHeTo .
3arJiaBHHTa B nopBaTa qacT Ha TOMa ca ye.n:HaKBeHH npH H3nHC-
BaHeTo, KaT0 ca OCTaBeHH a fietJJieHyBaHa cpopMa, KaKBaT0 npeo6;ia.n:a-
Ba y aBTOpa. TiocJie)J.HaTa CTeneH 3arJiaBHJI B ueJIH.51 TPYJI. CTaBaT
Bp.SI3a"HH, 3a .n:a ce nOCTHrHe H3BeCTHO CoKpaw.aBaHe Ha o6eMa. Ye.n.Ha-
KBeH0 e H3IlHCBaaeTO Ha TepMHHHTe, K0HT0 H306HJICTByBa T B TeKCTa.
HjiBC.HK'b)J.e Te ce)l.aBaT 6e3 KaBHtJKH,KaTO ce 0TKp0stBaT lllpHq>TOBO.Tip H
,oaa ce pa3rpaHHtJaBa T )J.HaJieKT~HTe TepMHHH OT TepMHHHTe-.SIB JleHH.H.
KaaaqKH ce 3ana3saT CaM0 B CJiytJaHTe, K0raTO ce· IlOC0llBa .l{OCJI0BH0
sanHCaHa HHq>OpMaU.HH.
3a aBT0pCKHTe 6eJie:>KKH no.n: JIHHH.SI e B'bBe.n:eaa nope.l{Ha H0Mepa-
ll.lUI. TyK ca CHeTH H Te3H, KOHTO aBTOpoT e 0CTaBHJI B CaMH.SI TeKCT. BcH-
tlKH T'bJIKyBaHH.H Ha pe)J.aKTOpa H JI.pe6HH JI.06aBKH B TeKCTa, HanpaBeHH

' 1B>K. M. Ap1-1,ayaoB, .ll.HMHTop MapHHOB H 6b.'lrapcKaTa ••• , c. :480-481.

' 2AEl1M. N2 218 - nHCMO 10 (~e3 AaTa). nHCaHO eepOHTHO npe3 1892 r.
 31
3 a rro-r0JU { Ma 51CH0Ta, ca ,l(a,LI.em-1 B brJieCTI{ CK06H. Te3 H pe,LI.aKT0pC KH
6eJie>KK H CbI..U.0 ca BKJllotre HH B 06I..U.aT a n o pe,il.Ha H0Mepaum 1 Ha T0Ma.
CbKpaI..U.e muna n pH TI0 C0 tIB aHe HMetta H a aBT0pH, .l(py rH H3TO-
tIHHUH H .'IHTepaTyp a ca ye,LI.HaKseH H . 3a no-JiecHo 6opasette B Kpa51 e
rrpu6aseH CTIHCbK Ha CbKpaI..U.eHH H ' B KO HTO ca BKJII0tieHH BCH4KH' H3-
TI0 J13YB 3HH OT 3 BT0 pa, ~ T aKa CbI..U.0 H Te3a OT YB0,LI.HaTa CTYJI.H51 Ha pe-
)l3KT0p a . MHOfO KpaTHO H 3Il0JI3yBaH0 TO OT asTopa C'bKpaI..U.eHJ-{e C6M
{C6op HHK Ha MHHHCTepC TBOTO Ha HapO.l(H0T0 npoCBeI..U.eH11e) e 3aMe-
He H0 c HOBOT0 C6HY ( C6opHHK 3a Hapo.l(HH yMOTsopeHH 51). BbBe.l(eHH
ca H0BH CbKpa11I.em-1sr 3a 0T.l(eJIHH MH0ro qecT0 cpern.aHH ){YMH H H3pa-
3H, K aT0 Han p ., ,LI.p . , T. H. H np.
B cHt(KH Il0C0tIBaHH SI B TeKcTa ca caepeHH CbC C'b0TBeTHH Te rreqaT-
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MaH1Ie e 0T,LI.eJieH 0 npH IJ.HTHpaHeT 0 Ha ql0,lKJI0pHH M3TepHaJIH (rrecHH).
Bc~KH Te KCT e C paaHeH H B CJiyqaHre,K b.l(eT0 asT0P,~T CH e I103B0JIHJI
){a rrp asn rr p'oMeW{ HJIH IlbK )(3 JI-0.l(MeHJ{ )l.Ha~eKTHH H aarrHc C JIHTepaTy-
peH, e 0CTaBeH opHrHHaJib T, K3KT0 e )l.a)l.eH B rrocoqeHHH OT 8BT-0pa
H 3T0llHHK. 3a CbBpeMeHH 0T0 oq>opMHHe Ha KHl.ffaTa rrpu UHTHpatte Ha
necHH ca 0TCTpaHeH I{ K3BHqKHTe , a 6H6mrnrpa<q >CK HTe .l(8HHH 3a THX
ca ,LI.a)l.eH·H 6e3 CK06H. •
E3HK'bT Ha asTopa e 3arra3eH 6e3 BCHK3KBn npoMeHH - C yrroTpe-
6eHHTe CTapH e3HK0BH H na,LI.e)KHH ql0pMH,pycH 3MH H CTH.JI.OCoB peMeHeH
e C3M0 rr paB0IIHC'bT H JI.0 H3BeCTHa CTerreH - nyHKT08IJ.I UITa (B c .11yqa-
HTe, K0f3T0 TSI aaTpy.l(HSIB a qeTeHeT0 H rrpaBHJIH0T 0 Bb3I1pHeMa He Ha
Cb,LI.bpn<aHH eTO). IlpH T0Ba CMe ce npH.Z:tbp)Ka JIH CTporo KbM H0pMI-ITe
H a CbBpeMeHH HH 61>.TirapcKH e3HK.
C e JIHUJ.HHTe HMeHa B TeKCTa ca 0CTaBeHH C'bW.HTe, T. e. 3ana3B3T
c1ap11Te HaHMeH0Ba HHSI, KaKTO H 0K0JIHHTe, 6e3 )I.ace m -1rne ,,OKOJIIU I'' .
H anpaaeHH ca npoMeHH Ha MeCTa cai\10_B HB.4HHa Ha H3TIHCBaHe , 3a
.na 61>,LI.e TOH Cb06pa3 eH rraK CbC CbBpeMeHH HTe H3HCKBamr n. 51 B HHTe
r pernK H , 3a6eJUI3a HH HaHCTHHa B pe,LI.KH cnyqa~ , ca 0TCTpaHeHI- r. 3a
y nec HHBa He H a pa6oTaTa c TOMa e H3rOTBeH HOB noKa3aJieu - reorpa<P-
CK U. B Her o M aTepH8JJ'bT e IlO,LI.pe.neH no a36y qeH p e,LI., KaT0 KbM B CHK0
c emn u.e c e n ocoq a a C'b0TBeTHOT 0 HOBO HM€, K8KT0 H npoMeH HTe, K0HT0
ca H aCTb IIHJI H ( CJISITO, 3aJIHtJeHo H rrp.). IloKa 3aneuo T e CH36,LI.e H C
n perr paTKH, K0HTO ,LI.aBaT B'b3M0>KHOCT ce.11Hr.n.a1a .na 6-h,LI.aT ThpCeHH H no
H OBHTe UM HMeHa . Ha CbOTBeTHHT e MecTa B Il0Ka3a.11eu a ca BJ1e3JI H H
0 K 0 JIHH, H rro -roJieMH 06.rraCTH ( Hanp. J10B118HCKO , P y nqoc, 3ana,LI.Ha
6 1>.1rap 1rn) t 3 a K 0 HT0 B T 0 Ma HMa MaTepHaJIH .
Ilpe,LI.MeTHIUIT rro K a3aJieu. KbM CTap0T0 H3,LI.aHHe e 0CH0BH0 rrpepa-
6oTe H . Or Her o c a ·H3B8,LI.eHH BCHqKH reorpaq:>CKH HMeHa, KaKT0 H M Horo
){pyrH ITOHHTHH ,KOHTO crro pe,LI. Hae He c a eTH0r paq:>CKH HBJieHHH. HOBIUIT
npe~MeTe H Il0 Ka3 a.11eu. BKJIIQq Ba .I{H8JieKTHl iTe Te pMHH H H T epMHHHTe-
SIBJieHHH, K0HT0 ce p a 3rJie)K,LI.aT B Tpy,LI.a . I1oKa3aJieU .bT e o 6rn. 3a ,ABaTa
BK,LI.a TepMHHH, T. e. B Hero Te He ce pa3rpa HHqaBaT .
C oco6eHo BHHMamrn e o r Jie,LI.aH0 l{JIIOCTp arHBH0T0 rrpHJI0>KeH He.
32 P.HMHT"bP MAPHHOB

CHHMKJ-ITe ca C'bTT0CTaBeHH C 0ITHCaHHSITa B TpyJJ.a, K,o ero HaJI0:>KH H3Be-

CTHH pa3MeCTBaHHSI Ha o6pa3U.HTe. npeK'hCHaTaTa npH_THX H0Mepau.m,
np0H3THqa OT T0Ba, qe ce TI0BTapHT eJ).HH H C'bl.IJ.H cpopMH H yKpaca nplf.
pa3JIHqHH o6peJJ.HH XJIH60Be, K0HT0 ca 0TIHCaHH nopeJJ.H0 H TI'bJIH0 a .
TeKcTa. lI.eJIHSIT CHHMK0B M8TepHaJI e penp0JJ.YU.HpaH C H3KJIJOqeHHe Ha
N2 2, 149, 167, 168 H 169, 38 K0HT0 ca 3acHerH opHrHH8o11HH npe.a.-
MeTH OT q>OHJJ.oaeTe tta ETHorpaq>cKHH HHCTHTYT H My3efl npH BAH •.
HJIIOCTpaTHBHO TO npHJI0:>KeHHe ce npe)JJ{0:>KJJ.8 OT CilHC'bK Ha CHHMKHTe
(TaK'bB JIHilCBa B n'hpB0T0 H3J).8HHe Ha TpyJJ.a), KOHTO J.IJ.e yJieCHH JJ.0 ro-
f0JISIMa CTeneH pa60T8Ta C TSIX.
OnHC8H3Ta pa6oTa no T0Ma e H3B'bprueHa eJ).HHCTBeH0 C :>KeJI3HHeT0·
TOH JJ.8 CT8He no-qeTHBeH H Ha C'bBpeMeHH0 TeXHHttecK0 paBHHJ.IJ.e. AKO·
CMe II0CTHfH3JIH T0B3, J.IJ.e CMSIT3Me, qe CMe H3Il'bJIHHJIH CBOSITa 3a)latta.

MAPI'APH TA BACHJIEB A.
HA.PO/I H A BJlP A 101
ce Ka.nu Ha B'h.llHH Bet1ep Ha 1rpane3aTa. Toce y n oTpe6JrnBa H B Mttoro
·peJIHfH03HH OOHII~H . .
BnB BCH'tlKHTe necm1 ce B'b3IlHBa e)lRHCTBeHO JleH'LT. KoHOil'LT HR-
K'b)le ce He CIIOMHHH .

Ta 0TH.lle JieH .na t'5epe,

JleH .na 6epe, JieH .D.a nneeu;
Ta e 6paJia, w.o e 6paJia,
Ta Ha6paJia ;ZJ.o TPH rpocTH, (TYK 2p7,cma 3Ha,rn roJIHM cHorr,
KapOIIHO npH JieHa.)
no TPH fpbCTH TI0JI0BIIHa.
6a6a PyiKa, c. JT01;HH

MoMa . .ileH na3HJia,

B'bB 3eJieHa rpamrna.
C6HY, III, 33, .N'~ 2, c. A.JI1>•1Kooi't, JJ.o6pH4KO

6) Ko Hg n
. l(OHOTI'hT cera 33MeCTH JieHa. ()T uero B3.llSIT
2p7,cmu, K7J/lttUU(a H TbKaT KbJillHJ.l1-HO IIJiaTHO. KoHoneHO ceMe ce Ka,llH
H yn0Tpe61urna B .MHoro 06H11an.

B) n a My K
TTaMyK'hT He . e 0TK0JieIIIHO pacTeHHe y Hae; TO e
,llOHeCeHO MHOfO K'bCHO, npe3 BpeMe Ha TYPCKOTO BJI3.llHlleCTBO, o6at1e
KaTO n~:>Jie3HO 33 llOBeKa, 33 o6JieK.aOTO TO e BJie3H8JIO B'bB BHpBaHHHTa
Hapo.D.HH. . . . .
Ha fr1>.LIHH Bet1ep B XacKoBcKo, XapMaHJIHHCKO H JJ.pytu o6J1aCTH,
JJ.eTo- pacre H ce o6pa6oTBa naMyK, Ha TparreaaTa w.e HMa H ceMe OT
naMyK.
AKO 'IOBeK C'hHyBa naMyK - 3HallH .ZlyIIIa.
Colli.OTO e H C'bC C )f Ca M a. Ha 3aroBe3HH XBbpraT CTpeJrn, no-
CBeTeHH Ha cycaMa, H H0CHT H33BaHIIH cyca~eHUijU. XBopraT rH cyca-
MHTe Jl3 6'b.l{3T J{o6pH.
OT cycaMa H3Ka pBaT cycaM0BOT0 MaCJI0, tu.ap1Za2a1ui, · KOHTO
ynOTpe6HBaT HaMeCT0 J{'bpBeH0 MaCJI0.
' >

TPETA f PYilA. 611JIK11 MOMHHCKH HJIH JIEKOBHTH

H IlOJICKH .MAfbOCHH4ECKH

TyK H.ll3T BCHllKH OHHH UBeTHH TpeBH, KOHT0 ce

ynoTpe6JUIBaT B aapo,llHaTaMe,llHUHHa, HOB C'blU0T0 BpeMe ca 06Kp'b)Ke•
HH C peJIHfH03H0 yaa:m:eHHe HJIH Il'bK ca npeJJ.CTaBeHH OT Hap0J].HaTa
102 JiHMHT1'P MAPHHOB

BHpa KaTo 6HJIKH, KOHTO HMa_T MarHtieCKa CHJia H MoraT ,na npHtIHH~BaT
Ha lJOBeKa JIOWeBHHH H ,no6pHHH, MoraT ,na MY )(OKapaT 6oJieCTH HJ)~ .na
OTrOHBaT T3KHBa. Il'hpBHTe w.e Hapet.JeM MOMHHCKH UBeT.ff HJIH JieKOBHTH,
BTOpHTe- ITOw1Cl<H MarbOCHHlleCKH UBeT.ff.

J . M OMUHCKU 6UAKU

Me)K)()' T.ffX H)(aT CJie)lHHTe . pac'_feHH.ff:

a) 6 0 C H JI .ff K

BocHJI.ffK'bT e H MOMHHCKO uaeTe, H peJIHrl;f 03HO. C

60CHJIHK ce KHTaT, OT Hero HeBeCTHTe, )KeHHTe, na H 6a6HTe rrpaB.HT
KHTKH .H rH HOC.HT: HeBeCTHTe Ha r JiaBHTe, a )KeHHTe H 6a6HTe B na3_B HTe
sa pa,D.H MH pH3MaTa MY. .
Ha MOMHTe HaH-MHJIOTO J.lBeTe e .60CHJI.HK, KOHTO Ce.HT B rpa;rn-
HHTe. B CBaT6a pCKHTe neCHlf MOMaTa Ha Tp'brBaHe 33 )(OMa Ha MOM'bKa
nop'bt.JBa Ha MaHKa CH:

-MaJie, MHJia MaHKo, CyTpeHa c'pocHua,

CHJia C1>M 6ocHJIHK, Ha nJia,nHe c'Bo)(HUa,
B '.ztOJIHHTa rpa;{HHKa, ,SI ae11ep c'cJI'h3HUH.
B'cpe,nHHTa JieWHt.JKa. Era ce nosopHeM,
Ta MH ro noJIHBaH, · KHTKH )(a HaKHTHM,
TioJIHBaii, no)(JIHBaii: BeHUH )(a yBHeM.

OT 6a6a P}'>KKa, c. Jioi1nH. Cpp. C6HY, I, 37

Ho 6oCHJUIK'bT . HMa H peJIHfH03HO 3HalleHHe; B o6pe)(HTe H

PeJIHrH03HHTe o6Hll3H TOH Hrpae h'bpBeHCTByaaw.a pOJIH.
Ba6HTe HOC.SIT 1-ta pO)(HTeJIKaTa KHTKa 60CHJIHK If s,npaaeu; Ha
repree.neH ce p'bCH CTa)(OTO C KHTKa 60CHJIHK; CBeIII.eHHUHTe p'bCSIT C
KHTKa 6ocHJI.ffK; Ha CBaT6a 60CHJUIK'bT e Ha n'bpBO MSICTO B KHTKHTe H
BeHUHTe; Ha CM'bpT npH norpe6S1B8HeTO Ha yMpeJIHH 60CHJISIK'bT TO)Ke e
Ha Il'bpBo MHCTO. C e,llHa ,nyMa, B'bB BCHtIKO 6o~HJI.ffK'bT ·e UBeTeTO, KOeTO
ce Tat.JH H ·ynoTpe6JtHBa. ·
B nec HHTe 6ocHJI.ffK'bT ce HBPHt.Ja ,,paH 6ocHJI.siK" H ,,paH 6.HJI (5ocH-
JIHK" . 3HMHO BpeMe ce ynoTpe6JIHBa cyweH H KaTo T8K'bB CJIY)KH 38 KHT-
Kl-1. CyweH ce ynoTpe6JuIBa H JieTe, ,no,neTo 3eJieHHJIT 60CHJIHK U'hq>He.
Heu'b~HaJI 60CHJIHK He npaBHT Ha o6pe,llHH H peJIHfH03HH KHTKH •
. 11Ma co6cTBeHH HMetta: BocHJIKo H EocHJIKa, EocHJirpa,n.

6) H .e Be 11

HeBeH e yBa)KaBaHO MOMHHCKO UBeTe H . B'L3IlJITO

B MOMHHCKHTe neCHH.
HA -POJJ.HA Bf/PA 103
MHJia KHTKa HeBeH0Ba,
HeBeHoBa, 6ocHJIKOBa,
HanpaBeHa. HeHoceHa,
Ope3 6HJI nyHaB npeHeCeHa,
BbB rpaJJ.HHKa Haca.neHa.
CsaT6apcKa, Tiemepa .

' TyK KHTKaTa HeBeH0Ba npe,ilCTaBJ151Ba 6yJJKaTa.

')-
H eBeHbT ce enHTHpa 0 6HKH0BeH0 ,,mecTope)lH" , ,,l!epH00KH" ,
ow.e M ,,KHTeH":

My.MHuea, MapH' xy6aaa,

YT MeT JIH TH ca ycTa.11,
YT qeapH0K HeBan yqHHbKH?
C6H~' . VII, '12, N2 22, Ax'bp1teJJe611iki.o

MoMHTe H lieBecnlTe KHTKH KHTaT OT HeBeH ·H rH HOC.HT, I<aT0 B.H p- .

BaT, 'le B T3KbB CJlyqafl 3l\1€HOBere H caMOBl-lw'lHTe, K3KTO H JJ.pyrH Manni
He MoraT )la HM HanaK0CTHT. (Ba6a Pyca, c. KHnHJIOBo.)
J.1Ma H co6cTeBeRo HMe HeBeHKa, HeaeH.

B) BO :>Ky p

Bo:>Kyp pacTe ITO Il0;,1eTO JI.MB, HO Ca)lH ce H , B rpa-

AHHHTe. Bb3IlSITO e K3T0 60:>Kyp )l.bpBo. CeJIHHKMTe M0MH H HeBeCTH
ro 6epaT )l.HB H npaBSIT KHTKH H BeHUH. Bo:>KypbT 3ana3Ba MOMaTa H
HeBeCTaTa, C'bIIJ.O KaKT0 H HeBeH'hT, OT JJOllJH QqH, OT yp0KH, OT M3fHH,
OT HanpaTeHO H OT caM0BHJlH.
HMa co6CTBeHO HMe 60:>KypKa.
Bo:>KypbT e CHHOHHM Ha tiepBeHO, aJieHO: ,,TSI CTaHa 60:>Kyp",
T. e. 6y3HTe H ce 3aqepBHxa.

r) CT pa Ty p
MoMHHCKO rpa)IHHCK0 UBeTe, HOCH ce KaTo
KHTK3, HO UHJI3 Befrna:
,
51Ha 6HJie 6paJJa,
BpaJia, Ta Ha6paJJa,

51Ha .llB0pe Me~1a,

C KHTKa 6odwKyBa,
C BeHKa crpa1y.pyaa. ·
C~HY. X, 60, ncpyLLI.HUa
104 l!HMHT"bP MAPHNOB

CTpaTyp'bT ce B1>3nHBa 33 xyoocT H B 3eMJie.LlenHeTO:

D.aa MY so.nose aHreJie,
PaJIOTO l\IY CTpaTypKOBO,
)Ker ~1i'iTe MY 6oci'iJIKhOBH.
C6HY., I, 23. N!!l4

HOCH ce 1-13 rJiaBaTa K3TO KHTKa cpemy 3JIH Oliff, OT. ypoKH, OT
Manni, OT HanpaTtHo. (6aoa Pyca, c. KHnHnoso.)

.n) H r .ri H K a
HrJIHKa pacTe )J.HBa no JIHBa)l.HTe. TH e MOMHHCKO
uaecre; 6epe ce H ce npaBH Ha KHTKa.
HocH ce OT JIOWH Ol!H, OT Marl{H.
B necHHTe ce ynoTpe6HBa, KoraTo e pe11 3a npHJIHKa Me>tmy
MOM'bK H MOMa:
l(oJIKO ·CMe; CH JIHKa,
JIHKa - H npHJIHKa,
KaTo ,ABa cTpoKa HrnuKa.
Cpe. C6HY, II, 18, N<i 4

HMa co6cTBeHo HMe HrnuKa.

e) C e JJ. e ·<t>
Ce.neq>oT ce ca.nu B rpa.nHHHTe ,u ce ynOT_pe6HBa
B HapO.IJ.HaTa Mell.HU.HH3 cpew.y JIOWH .nyxoBe. Ha pO)].HTeJIK3 >KeHa
.naaaT .na HJJ.e CMaqKaH ce.neq> cpew.y JiaxycHTe; KHT.HT SI C'bC CTp'bKOBe
OT ce.ne<p cpew.y ypoKH H 3JIH oqu HJIH OT MarHH. KHT.HT C'bl.UO H ..zteTeTO
o:r ypoKH u ucTpaau.u. (6a6a Uo_Ha IleHeaa, c. Map&WKH Tp1>c,;eHHK.)
. H npH CBaT6aTa CeJJ.eq>'hT 38el\ta IlO'leTHO MHCTO. "Ha HeBeC'JaTa ce
ry>KJJ.3 B'bB BeHeua HeBeCTHHCKH H B na3BaTa H CTpbK .OT ce.nec:p. Toea
ce npenopo11Ba OT Hapo.u.HaTa BHpa, 11e Toraaa TH, HeBecTaTa, e 3a-
na3eHa OT ypoKH, OT MarHH, a MJ13.llO>l<eHeKa - OT 3Q67'p38aHe.
3eJieHHTe.K3M'bUH B np'bCTeHa ce onpHJIH'l3B8T Ha ce.neq>~

IlpocTeHbe MH na.u.axa,
C1>c 3eJieHH KaM1>He;
,UeTo , KaM'hK na,ll.Hewe,
3e.neH ce.neq> HHKHewe.
C6HY, XIV; IG, KonpHBlUHUa

>1<) T p e H .u. a q> H JI, p y * ~-

fpa.U.HHCKO UBeTe, B'b3IlHTO B~ MOMHHCKHTe H CBaT-
6apCKHTe necnH. KoTeJI'bT c M'bJiqaHaTa BOJJ.a ua CypBaKQ, .BeJIHK.AeH
JfAPO!IHA BJTPA 105
11 fepree.neH, B hOHTo ca npbcTeHHTe Ha MOMHTe, lll.e ce ry.nH JI.a
upeHmUyBa noJI. TpeH.na<pHJia. _
TpeH.naq>HJI'bT ce 3HMa KaTo 6e.11er Ha xy6ocT, paJI.OCT H MJia-
JlOCT, 3aT0Ba ce ynorpe6HBa np11 pa)K)laHe, Kp'hlll.eHe, caaT6a, ro.ne:>1<,
HO npR CM'bPT - HHKaK, OCBeH Ha MOMa H l\lOM'bK, B CMHC'bJI,lle npaBHT
csar6a, KaKTO TOBa lll.e 06.HCHH no-)I.oJiy. ·
[IOJZ'l.ema ca e)I.HO HaH-MHoro ynoTpefornaHo y1<pawem1e· B
o6peiurnre XJrn6oae.
B necmne ce ttapw1a noae11ero 210,z, a ce emnnpa ,,6HJI, qepBeH
i.pett.n.a<f>u.'I". 11Ma co6craem1 HMeHa: Tpett.na<f>uJI, Tpeu.na<f>uJia, Py:>1<a.

3) 3 JI. .p a Be u
3)1.paBeU'bT e .ZU-IBO IlJI3Hl·ICKO UBeTe, KCeTO pacTe
H nexrn:

Jlere no.a. .ae6em1 ceHKH,

3111\le no.l{ ,rr.e6eJIH npecm-1.
Dopa.nu cBO.HTa l\-1i1 pH3Ma ca.rur ce H s rpa.rurnHTe.
3,npaBeU'bT e H3H-B'h3n.HTOTO MOMHHCKO UBeTe H ce ynotpe6srna He
caMO K8TO MOMHHCKH H3KHT (KHTKH H BeHUH), HOH B'bB BCH11KH o6pe.ll.H
H peJlllfH03HH OOH11aH. Ha ro.ne:>K KHTKaTa Ha MOM'hKa tue 6'b.l{e OT .
3.ll.paeeu, aKo HHMa 3,npaseu, 3aMeCTBa _ ce c qeMlliHp. Ha csar6a BeHe-
Ub1 Ha HeBt!CTaTa ce rrpaPH 01 BCS!KaKBO 'V~ere, HO 6e3 3Jlpaaeu He
MoJKe. Tipu pa}K)latte noKpaii ce.necpa a KHTKaTa lll.e HMa H 3.Upaaeu; KO-
raro ce Kone .neTeTo, s KopHToTo noKpaii ce.ne<t>a lll.e HMa H 3,npaaeu.
Ha HeattoBII.eH 6a6ara, KoraTo xo.nu .na Kone )J.euaTa, Ha BC.HKoe AaBa
KHTtlHUa OT 3,ll.pa Beu; KOJie,ll.a pUHTe HMaT Ha KaJinaUHTe CH KHTKa OT
3.II.paseu. BbB BCH 1.JKH 66pe,lI.H H 06tt11aH 6e3 3,ll.paseu He MHHaBa, KaK-
TO Tosa me 6'h.ll.e noKa3atto Ha cso.H pe.n. Toaa ynoTpe6JieHHe ce tta-
peJK.Jla OT Ha pO,lI.HaTa Bsipa, 33lll.OTO 3,ll.paBeUoT e 6eJier Ha 3)1.paBe H
pa.nocT.
.MeJK.ll.Y 3,lI.paseua H 6oCHJI.HKa Hl\ta cnop 33: TI'bpBeHCTBO; 60CHJIHK'bT
ce rop.nee c TOBa, 1.Je TOH npeo6JiaJI.aBa B 11epKBaTa, HO 3.lI.paBeU'hT
IlbK ce XB3JIH C TOBa, qe TOH ~ BCHKOra ,3eJieH, BCHKora BeCeJI, a 60-
-cJfJl·HK'bT e 3eJieH caMo TpH Meceua, a nocJie e cyx. ·

n _po~HK.Ha ce 113 ropa aeJI~Ha,

3~paBKO, 6paBKO, UBeTe MHpH3JIHBO:
CTOHHe MOMe, .H6'bJIKO 11epBeHa !
lll.o He. Ao~aT MOMH )I.a Me _6epaT,
lla ~1e 6epa'f, KHTKH )I.a_Me KHT.HT;
Hm1 .ca ce 6ocHJIKY . npe)I.aJm?
60CijJISIK e Be,l{H'h:>K B'hB fO)I.HH8,
Bbe· roAHHa, JieTe TPH Meceuu,
Ana a3 CbM H 3HMe M JJeTe.
Jlere U'bBTH no~ 3eJieHa CHHKa,
106 P. J1 M J1 T 'b P M A P J1 H O _B"

3HMe Jie:>Ka no.I\ ,I\e6eJia npecna.

OT t5at5a CroH. Cpa. C6HY, XIV, 17, KonpHJHil,HUa

l1Ma co6CTBeHH HMeila 3,I\paBKO, 3,npaBKa.

2. lloACKU MQZhOCHU'tecKu· [6UAKU]

.MarhOCHH'-leCKHTe TpeBH HJIH 6HJIKH pacraT ,ZlHBH·

no noJieT0 HJIH BHCOKO no nJiaHHHHTe. Te BCHqKH BJIH33T B HapO,II.Hara
Me.ll.HUHHa, HO ryKa 38 H8C ca B3:>KHH no CBO.HTa TaHHCTBeHa MOW.,.
KO.HTO HM .naaa HapO,II.HaTa BH pa: 11e 6opaB.HT B o6JiaCTTa Ha HeBH,Il.HMHH
CB.HT, Bopxy HeBH.ll.HMHTe ,nyxose, JI0lllH H 3JIH .u.yxoBHH C'hUJ.eCTBa H B-
06JiacTTa Ha MarHHTe. TyK ~apo.nmna B.Hpa HMeHyBa CJie)I.JIHTe 6HJIKH:

a) B H JI e
BHJieTO e -rpeaa, KO.HTO HM3 roJI.HMa M8fhOCHH'-leCKa
CHJia H C K0HTO ce npaBf!T l\larHH. 0-r T0Ba pacTeHHe H0CHT Ha3Eam1e
0He3H, l;{OHT0 ce 3aH HMaEaT C MarHh - 6UARP, 6UAJlpKa.

l.J:yJia Ce MOM3 6J-1.,1HpKa,

BHJI.HpKa MOMa JieKapKa,
Ta oii)J.ox )I.a· Me JieKyaa,
Cro,nH ce caera He,IJ.eJI.H,
HeMame 6HJie Ha6pirno.
C6HY II VII, 28, .N'!! 18, JlynHHllIKo

C 0HJieTo, 3p'bHU8T3 OT TOBa pacTeHHe, TpOBHT pH6a • ..

C T0Ba 611J1e 06a11e Tp.H6Ba .na HMa B HHKOH CJiytiaH ow.e H ,npy-
-rH CDellH3JIHH 0HJJKH. TaKHB3 Ce CDOMIUI.HT:

6) 0 Ma
.. H H 1.,1 e
ft

OMaHHH11eTo pacre B HHBHTe Me:>K,ny mneHHUaTa

H p'b:>KTa, a pacre H no nJJaHHHHTe. HMeTO CH e DOJIY11HJJ0 OT T0Ba, .n.ero,
Karo ce sr,ne~ oMaHBa qoaeKa, a Karo ce sr,ne noBel!e, MOlKe H ,na orpoBH.
Ta.ff 6HJIKa HOCH HHKO.iIKo ow.e H33Ba1;1i:t~: nuRBetf (K19creH,nJ1JicKo),
20pttUBel{ (TeTeBeHCKO), 11yaoeeu, (nJie~eHCKO), a no rypCKH oeAua:HCe
H,lIH OIUe Ayao :JllUmO.
B KJOcreH,ZlHJICKo, ITHHHeqKHTe ceJia·, To ce Ka3ea mrnaeu H HHKHe
c
B :>KHroro. To U'hQ)TH CHHho, a Kato y3pee, HMa ro ocHJI H 6es ocHJI.
Be3 OCHJI.H e DO-B'hpJio, Do-nomo .. IUoM .H,I\aT xm16a, na3HT ce ,na He
DH.HT Bo,na; 331UOTO, 3KO DH.HT, He Morar ,na Mp'b,llH3T OT l\UICTOT0 CH,
3aMaHBa HM ce rJiaBaTa . 51.ne JIH ce TOn'bJI XJ1H6, OM3HBaT ce ,llOT0JIKO-
Ba, Ill.O'llO'He Morar ,II.a Mp'b,llHaT no TPH ,Il.HH . Yaep.HBaT, 11e· OT Hero 6H-
HA POP.HA BJIPA 107
ne, aKo ce H,ne caMo, MO:>Ke 1IoBeK .na yMpe HJIH ,na noJiy,nee. B Ce11MeH-
cKa MaXJia B c. BaKCOBO npe,nH 30-40 fO)lHHH HMaJIO B )KHTOTO J".,1HOf0
Ha f'hCTO nHHBeU. HJIH OM8HHH1.le H Ka TO He 3HaeJIH, 'CeJIHHHTe HJIH, Ta
sa6oJieJIH B U.HJiaTa MaxaJia H MH03HHa H3MpeJIH. .
Mttoro M'hlJHO ce mpe6u (1IHCTH); 3allJ.OTO ce T'hTilJ3T HHBHTe.
BSipBa ce, qe TYH 6HJie ce Hanpa~a npe3 PycaJicKaTa He)leJHI,
33lll.OTO HHKOH fO)lHHH ro HHMa MHOfO H . ToraBa XJIH6bT e 6e3Bpe,neH,.
HO HHKOH ro,nHHa ro HMa CbB'hpllieHO MHOfO.
Me:>1<,ny ,npyrHTe Bpe)lHli CBOHCTBa Ha OM3HHHtJeTO Hapo,nHaTa BH-
pa-MY npHTTHCaJia J{ CHJiaTa' qe C Hel'OBaTa CH JI a MO)Ke e)lH H MOMbK ,na
6'b,ne OMaeH ,noTOJIKOBa, lll.OTO .na Jiy,nee no HHKOH MOMa. ETO 33-
w.o ce nee:
Pa.ua- XOJlH no dmua (poKJIHtIKa);
Pa.na HOCH KOBaH 'rep.naH,
KoBaH rep,naH, nJieTeH raiiTatt;
Y raiiTaHa .npo6Ho 6nJie,
npooHO 6HJie OMaHHHlle.
113 c6opHHKa MH, OT 6a6a .Map1,rn, c. PHJia. Cpu. C6HY, V . 70. lI.ynHHWKO-

CH ttanbJIHH ,n.po6Ho 61:Jie,

npo6HO 6HJie OM3HHHlle, )

Ta oMaH MaJio H roJIHMO. ·

lb c6opHHKa MH, CpB. • C6HY, II, 110, KyK)'WKO

TyK OM8HHH1IeTO ce CTIOMHH.SI K3TO 6HJiKa, KOHTO OM3HBa H XBbp-

ra l!OBeKa B HeCB.HCTHa JI1060B.

B) JI JO 6 H 11 e '

Jho6n1Je, 1Z106oeHu'ie .e 6HJIKa, KOHTO ce 6epe no•

noJieTaTa B TpeBaTa HJIH ce H3MHpa B ceHOTo; JII061i1leTO ce HOCH 38WMTO
B pH38T8, KO.SITO TpH6Ba .na 6n.ne JieHeHa il HJIH ce ry)K,na B zaitmaHa
( noKOCliJl.Ka) MOMHHCKH' HJIH ce )ta Ba Ha MOM'bha .na nHe, JJ106H1IeTO·
HMa Ta.SI CHJia, qe MO:MaTa, KOHTO ro HOCH, CTaBa o6H1IH3 Ha BCH1IKH
H MOMUttTe- Jiy,neHT no HeH. (Ba6a Haii~a, c . JfaBop, BHmn1cKo, 6a6a
no6p,a, c. TB'bp,n1u1.a.)

r) 11 e JI e H K a
.UeJieHKa e 6HJIKa, npOTHBHa Ha JII06HlJeTO. l1 T.sl
pacTe no JIHBa)lHTe, 6epe ce, KoraTo U'h<pTH, HJIH ce npo6Hpa cyxa B.
ceHOTO. TH HMa CHJ18 .na pa3)leJIH )lBaMa 38JII06em-1; TH HMa CMJia .na
pa3.neJI11 M'h* OT :>KeHa. C He.SI ce 3anofrna JIHUeTo, KOeTo cnope~
:meJiaHHeTo TpH6Ba .na ce OMarbocal 3a .na iiaMpa3H. (6a6a Haii.na ►
108 ,aHMHT1,P MAPHH'OB

c . Yfasop, BH.ZJ.HHKO, 6a6a To,aopa, c. Ta'bpJlHUa, 6a6a Pyca, c. · Tp'h•

CTeHHK, HHKonoJicKo, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.ZJ.IOBUH, EneHCKo.)
TaH 6HJIKa ce Ka3Ba ow.e H oMpa3HU'l.e. C 6HJIKaTa JJ.eJieHKa M0)Ke
.:la ce HaTbpKa HHKOH ype)l (ocTeH, KonpaJIH, K06HJlHUa, Jlp'b)l{Ka Ha
M0THKa, Koca, C'bpn HJIH .u.pyro, K0eTo ce JI0BH C poue H ce pa60TH C
Hero) H Torasa JIHUeT0 ce 0Mafb0CBa H 6HBa HaMpa3eH0 ·OT JII06ew,eT0
ro JIHUe. (6a6a ,Uo6pa, c. Ta1>p.ZJ.Hua.)
CTpeJIHTe Ha caM0BHJIHTe HHK0ra ca HaTpHBaHH C ,ll.eJIHHKa;
Toraaa TaH cmpeAa cTaaa ae/lR.H'l£.8a, 6uARH'l.eea, Ta Kor<>To pattH,
-OMarbOCBa ro H npaBH ro )la H3Mpa3H )KeHa CH -.aKO e )KeHeH, HJIH
JU060BHHUaTa CH, aK0 e M0M'bK. ETO 3aw.o caM0BHJIHTe, 3a )I.a HaKapaT
HHK0f0-M0M'bK HJIH IOHaK - .u.a fH o6HKHe, XB'b praT My Ta Ka Ba CTpeJia,
KaKTo ce nee:

. Ta CH XB'b pJIH .no Tp11 cTpenk

Il'hpBa CTpeJia 6enonepKa;
.llpyra cTpena 4epHonepKa;
TpeTa CTpeJia )leJIHH4eBa,
..UeJIHHlfeBa, 6HJUIHlleBa,
I.Uo pa3.ZJ.eJIH, w.o 0Mpa3aa.
6a6a Pa.na, c. T'bpHOBO npH CeHMeH. CpB. C6HY, XI, 6, N2 4, 6a6a (MapHH
CTOHHOBa, c. r.aawaKbOH, c. KJIHMeHTHHOBO, T1,pHOBO - 51MOOJICKO CeiiMeHCKO

Jl). Il e p y H H K a
. Tasi 6HJIKa pacTe B JIHBa)lHTe Me)KJlY TpeBaTa;
6epe ce JIHTHO speMe U'bqlHaJia HJIH . s ceHOT0 cyxa , JleKOBHTa 6HJIKa.
MOMHTe H H0CHT B'bB BeHUHTe H KHTKl-iTe CH, Ta C TjlX BilJIHTaT B CB0HTe .
MpeX{H MOMUHTe H fH OMaHBaT.
KoHTO M0Ma HMa KHTKa OT nepyH11Ka, ·oMaTbOCBa BCHTe MOMUH,
33I.JJ.OTO MOM'bKbT' III.OM H 3eMe KHTKaTa H jl . 3a6o,ue Ha Il0HCa .HJIH Ha
'IIIanKaTa,. Be)lHara cTaBa- OMaHH, oMarhocail OT He.SI. A T0Ba c-raaa
'MH<?fO JieCHO, IlOHe)Ke OOH43HT e, III.OTO MOMllHTe )la rpa()Sl'l' KHTKHTe Ha
MOMHTe.
ETo 3amo ce nee:
ra.u.11w, Mane, Koro ra.zuun,
Mette, MaJie, HeJ\eH ra.nil,
He.u.eif ra.ZJ.H, He.ZJ.eii y11.e, )
MeHe MOM3. OM3fbOCa,
Or.rnrhoca, Ta or.rns,
. C' poctta KHTKa, nepytt1-1rnKa;
Ta MH MOMa .u.o.npa)KaJia'
)lo,llpa)K3Jia, YMHJleJia.
H~ c6opHHKa MH, OT 6a6a )l(e.u PattKoea, c. Bpecoeo, Ai'1TOCKO. Cp.e.
·C6HY, III, 52, N!?l6, Ax'bp11eJie6nttcKo
 ]:IAPOJlH A Bflp 109
e) K y M a H H K a, K y M a H H r a
KyMaHHKa , KyMaHHra e JieKoBHTa 6HJIKa . Uoq>TH
no JIHBa'AHTe H no BHCOKHTe nJiaHHHCKH MecTa. Uoq:>TH CHH UBHT. T»
HMa MOI.nHa MarHqecKa CHJia, aa ,na pas,neJIH H oMpaaH cnope,n m1paTa
Bapo,nHa.

)I{) 1.J e M e p H K a

1.JeMepHKa, C'binO nJiaHHHCK0 UBeTe, OTpOBHa 6HJI-

Ka H C roJIHMa M3fhOCHH"l eCKa CHJia 33 pas,n.HJia. TH ce H3pHtJa ome
08'ia 'leMepuKa 3a p83HHUa OT ,npyra 6HJIKa, KO.SITO npHJIHqa Ha qe.MepH-
KaTa. (Ba6a Ton.opa, c. CTaKhOBUH , · BeJiorpa,n11 11wKo.) .

3) TH HT H Ba

THHT~Ba, JieKOBHTa 6HJIKB, pacTe no BHCOKHTe

IlJiaHHHCKH MeCTa. HMa TO)Ke rOJJHMa M3fbOCHHtJ ecKa CHJia 38 pa3)IHJia.
HMa )IBa· BH)Ia: )I{ 'b JI Ta Te HT .ff B a, KO.SITO ce K33Ba ow.e H
06'iapc,ca meHtnJUJa, H C H H .ff T -e H T .ff B a, KO.SITO ce K83B8 eaHocmp7>Ka
me1tm.Jl8a.
TH.SI 6HJIKH BCHKa 3a ce6e CH HMa pa3)IeJIHa H M3fHlleCKa CHJia,
HO C1,eJlHHeHH Ha KYII, Te CTaBaT ome II0-CHJIHH.
'3Me.HT, KOHTO JIH6HJI MOMa, JIH6HJI .ff H .ff 3eJJ 38 )KeHa, 6HJI OT-
Il'b.Z(eH qpe_ 3 TeHTHBa. MoMaTa,Ka TO -HCKaJia ,na ce OT)IeJm OT Hero, C
XHTpHHa ro IlHTaJia:

11MaMe KpaBa HJIOBa,

KpaBa ce B0'AH c'bc 6HKa,
HHTH ce KpaBa saBo)K,na,
HHTH ce 6HKa oT,neJIH.

3MeHT H HayquJI: ,na ce 3eMaT 6HJIKHTe

CHHHTa KyMaHHra,
On11aTa 11eMepHKa,
On11apcKaT a )KeJITa TeHTHBa,
THH 6HJIKH pas,neJIHH.
Ila ){a fH CBapHT Ha . napRCaHO (n y CT o) ·o r H H in e H ,na Il0o1'IeHT
KpaBa:ra, BeJlHara 6HK'bT IUe ce OTB'bpHe. (C6HY, XII I, 48, fa6poBcKo .)
. ITo.ztpyr BapHaHT 6 H JI K HT e pa 3 ,ll e JI H H ca:

Boprnr1> H KYMYHHf'b ,
H,nHycTpiK 'bT'b Jie THHTHB'b.

C6HY, XIV, 5, JlOBll8HCKO

110 P.HMHT'bP MAPHIIOB

Ilo TpeTa ca:

B paTHKa, HrJIHKa,
KyMaHHKa H oaqapcKa TeHTHBa.-
)1(. CTap., I, 178

C THH 6HJIKH, K3TO ce nonee MOMaTa HJIH MOM'bK'bT' aanu6eHH OT

3MeH HJIH 3MeHII.a, Be.ztHara CTaBaJIH He;J.oceraeMH OT THX.

H) B pa TH Ka

BpaTHKa, JieKOBHTa 6HJIKa, ca)I.H ce a rpa,U.HHHTe.

Tsi HMa C'bW.aTa MarhOCHHqecKa CHJia, KaKTO n ropecnoMeHaTHTe 6HJIKH.
BpaTHKaTa HOCHT npes PycancKaTa He;J.eJIH Be,llHO C neJJHHa cpeuty
p ycaJIKHTe HJIH caMOBHJIHTe.

K) fl e JI H ff

DeJIHH'bT e JieKOBHTa 6Hn°Ka, pacTe no rpa.ztHHHTe;

HMa ro •JI.HB H nHTOM. DHTOMHH.HT neJIHH npHTe)l{aBa MarhOCHHlleCK8
-cHna; Hero HOC.HT npe3 PycaJicKaTa _ He;J.en.H cpew.y pycaJIKHTe H
C3MO.ll.HBHTe.
DeJIHH'bT ce ca.n.H, 3a .n.a ce HaMepH 3a npe3 PycancKaTa He.zte-
JIH, H 3a .n.pyrH Jieqe6HH cpe;J.CTBa . .UHBH.HT neJIHH e 3HaK Ha nyc'TOTHH:
K'bI.I.J.aTa MY e a neJIHH oopacna" - 3Hat1H onycT.HJia.
ITeJIHHa ynoTp-e6.HBaT seneH, HOH cywaT ro 3a 3HMe. Po.n.uTeJIKa
JKeHa, HeBeCTa, MOMa, MOM'bK Ii .n.eTe HOCHT neJIHH B nasBaTa, IlO.HCa
HJIH a .n.pexnTe cpew.y MarHH H nowo. (6a6a KanH, c. Kn3'bKJIHce,
K1>3'hJiarat1Ko.)

JI) p a 3 K O B H H ll e

Pa3KOBHHt{e e JieKOBHTa 6HJIKa, KOHTO pacTe no

Jrn:Ba.LI.HTe. Bepe ce 3eJieHO, II.'bq>HaJIO, HO H_cyxo B ceHOTO. TaH 6HJIKa
cnope.n. Hapo.n.HaTa BHpa HMa TYH MarbOC'HHqecKO CBOHCTBO .n.a OTBap.H
BcuqKo 3aKJIIOlleHO. Dpe,u. Hero ce OTBapHT H )l{eJie3HHTe BpaTH H
Te:>KKHTe KJIIOllOBe; npe.n. Hero ce OTBapH H 3eMHTa, )I.eTO HMa ·3aKO-
naHO HMaHe. ETo 3aw.o Hero MHOro .ll.HPHT HMaHHpHTe.
MHoro pH.LI.KO ca OHHH 6HJI.HPH H 6HJI.HpKH, KOHTO Il03HaBaT pa3-
KOBHHqeTo; Il03HaBa ro caMO KOCTeHypKaTa. 3a .n.a ce c.n.o6H.HT. C pas-
i{QBHHlle, 6HJISipKHTe OTHBaT no noneTO H TbpCHT rHe3)I.OTO Ha KOCTe-
HypKaTa, ;J.eTo e cHeJia HHII.aTa en. Tyii rHes.no 3arpa*.Zl.aT c nneT, sa
,u.a He MO>Ke KOCTeHypKara ,u.a BJie3He. TH ce Bp1>w.a H KaTO HaMHpa l'He3-
)J.OTO CH 3arpa,ZI.eHO, OTHBa no JIHBa)I.aTa, H3MHpa pa3KOBHH'lleTO H ro
JlOH3CH npH 3arpa.n.eHOTO CH rHe3,llO. Tipe.n CHJiaTa Ha pa3KOBHHt{eTO
orpa,z:r.aTa pyxaa H KOCTeHypKaTa BJIH3a B rHe3)I.OTO CH. BHJISlpKaTa .
np.ucT'bnBa H B3HMa . pa3KOBHHlleTo, KOeTO e OCTaBHJia KOCTeHypKaTa
HAP01!HA B HP A 11 1
KaTo Beqe HeH HenoTpe6Ho. (Ba6a BH.na, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJiorpa,'ltJH·
.WK0, 6a6a TieHa P11cT0Ba, c. CTy6eJI, KyrJtoscKo, 6a6a Map11H C11B-Ko-
H0Ba, c. MaJiopar, OpHXOBCKO, 6a6a Em1Ka, c. PycoKacrpo, Bypra-
CKO.)

* * 'i:

OcBeH THH o6w.H ttarbOCHHqeCKH' 6HJIK~, c

fl0M0UJ.Ta Ha KOHTO Hap0.ll.'bT ce 6paHH cpemy 3Mefwee, 3MeHIJ.H,
C8M0BHJIH, caMOJl.HBH H cpemy pa3JIH4HH 6oJieCTH, HanaCTH H 3JIH
AHX8HHH, HMa orn.e HHK0JIKO, K0HT0 ca C'blll.0 CHa6,neHH C Mar11qecKa
-cirna, C'bllJ.0 TaKa fOHHT JIOUIH, HetIHCTH .nyxoee, HO ce yn0Tpe6JIHB8T
C8MO B H3BeCTHH .!I.HM.
q e c 'h H 'h T, 38 KOHTO ce roeopil no-rope, ce ynorpe6JIHBa
np0THB BCHKa JI0IIIa 6oJieCT, HO oco6eHO e Ba>KeH 3a npes MpnCHHTe .ZJ.HH
{oT Bo.!I.HH Beqep, na .no Bo.n11u.H). Toi1 HMa TaH CHJia, qe roHH Ka-
paKOH.lI.>K0 H .npyrH .!I.HX8HHH, nopa.nH T0B8 ce H Ka)l.H H8 Bo.!I.HH eeqep.

M) Ky Ky p e K

KyKypeK ce 6epe 3HMH0 [epeMej H MH0f0 paHO Ha-

npoJieT, K8T0 ce JJ.HpH H H3p8BH H3Il0.!I. CHera no npHCOHTe. KoHTO
MOM'bK H8MepH KyKypeK Ha CB. CHJIBecTpH (2 HHyapw) H Ha CB. AraHaCH
(18 .srnyapn) H H3KH4H B0JIOBeTe CH - TOH e lOHaK H Bpe.neH; BOJIOBeTe
MY me 60.nar npe3 UHJiaTa romrna 3.ll.paBH, nopraBH H 60.ll.pH; yMopa
38 THX HHl\18 .na HMa, HHTO TI'bK 6oJieCT rn.e r11 JIOBH.

H) Be JI H K .n e H q e

BeJIHK,ll.eHqe ·e 6HJIKa, KOH TO ce 6epe caMo 3a Be-

JIHK.ZJ.eH, ry>K,na ce B K0TeJia C BO.Ila H C HeH BO.Ila ce MHHT MOMHTe, 33
.zta ca 6eJIH, qepeeHH 11 3.ll.paBH npe3 ro.ll.HHara, a raKa H .neuaTa.

o) re p r be B K a
. feprbeBKae6HJIKa, Kosnoce6epecaMo Ha· fepres
.neH . BeHeUbT Ha anrero, Koero me ce Ko.1rn, rrpaBu ce or reprheBKa
Ha osuara, K0.HT0 rn.e H3.ll0.HT HaH-nopBa B CTa.ll.0T0, rn.e rymn BeHe;
OT reprbeBKa. MOl\-lHTe rn.e CH YBH.HT BeHeu OT reprbeBKa ll Ta Ka me
o6HKOJIHT ezpeKG., .u.ero ca oeu11re. ·
Hapo.lHaTa B.Hpa npe.u.aea, qe B cra.noro 6onecr He M0:>Ke .na ce
noHBH npe3 romrnara, HHT0 nbK o6ttpaqKa - MaMHUtfll (6poa1-tul{a),
M0>Ke .na o6upa MJIHK0T0.
112 JlHNHT"bP MAPHHOB

n)' EH ho BK a

EHbOBKa ce 6epe Ha EHhOBJleH; or He.ff 6n~Ka ce

YBHBa e H b OB C K H .H T Be H e u, npe3 KOHTO ce npoBHpaT C neC.HH
MOMH H HeBeCTH Ha EHbOBJleH. HMa CHJJa .na 0Tf0H.H 3MeHOBe, 3MeHUH,
CaM0BHJIH H pasJIHtJHH 6oJieCTH. (6a6a BnJia, c. CTaKhOBUH, BeJio-
rpa.ntiuwxo, 6a6a faH~, c. BoJIKoBa CnanrHa, JlcMCKO, 6a6a Aoua,
c. l'aKOBHUa, KyJJcKo,6a6a Caea HeaHnua,6.HJJa CJiaTNHa, 6a6a Murpa,
JtaraqKo,.-
c. Ben11u11re, MxrHMaHcKo, 6a6.a KaJJ.H, c. K'h3'hKJIHce, K'b3'h_
H ,np.) .

p) p O Ce H

PoceH'hT e 6HJJKa, K0HT0 He pacre H3BC.HK'L)le,

a caM0 Ha oco6eHH MecTa B e)lHH Kpaii. TH e JJeKOBHTa, HO H:Ma H Marn-
qecxa CHJJa. PoceH'hT e uaere, MH0ro .06Hll3HO H MHJI0 Ha pycaJJKHTe,
CaMOBHJIHTe H C3M0)lHBHTe, KOH10 ro 6epaT cpew.y CnaCOB)leH, Ta
KHTHT KHTKH H BHHT BeHUH OT Hero, C K0HT0 ce KHTHT npe3 THXHara
Il p a 3 AH a H_e .Il e JI H, H3BeCTHa B Hapo)la TIO.I{ HMeT0 p Y Ca ✓i CK a
11eae/lR.
11 MOMHTe HHKora, 33 .na 6'b.Il3T 6e36e)lHH OT 3MeHOBe H C3M0BHJIH,
6paJIH ca poceH, YBHB3JIH BeHUH :r. KHTHJIH KHTKH, K0HT0 ca H0CHJIH Te
CaMH, a )laBaJIH Ji Ma C3MHTe JJ1060BHHUH, a oco6eHO Ha opa 1rnre H
' 0B113pHTe, K0HT0 XOJl.ffT TI0CT0HHHO no noJieTO, Ta. Morar )I.a 6'b.Il3T
H3Il3)lH3TH OT 3MeHUH H C3MOBH.!JH. fiepe ce Ha CnaCOB)leH, 33TOBa ce
H nee:

TporHaJia e M8JIKa MOM8,

Oil K0Jia.n.e, MOH KOJia.n.e 2
Ilpe3 ropHUa, poceHOBa,
,D.a CH 6epe cHTeH poceu;·
J136pa ro CHTeH, )lpeoeH.
Ba6a 81,.11xatta, c. JlHTaKoBo. Cpa. C6HY, VII, 9, N!!:6, Kone,11apcxa.
B apHeHCKO

l136Hp3T ro CHTeH .npe6eH, 3amoro TOH 6HJI no-KpaCHB H C no-

f0JI.HMa Maruqecxa cHJia. (Baoa K'hHa Tierxoea, c. AJJTHMHp, OpHxoe~
cxo, 6a6a B'hJIKoea, c. KHe>Ka.)

c) ny JI q eu
. TiyJiqeu, 6HJIKa OT po.na Ha· 'IJeCHOBHH JIYK, K0HT0
pacre )lHBa no nonero H JIHBa,IJ.HTe. Hero 6epar caMo Ha EpeMm1;
B)laT ro C BBpa, qe npe3 JUITOT0 3MH.H HHMa Aa M0>Ke Aa rH yxane

2 ,.OA KOJJ&Jle, MOA KOJI3Jle" ce nOBTapsi CJie,11 BCeKH CTHX.

HA POil.HA BflP A 113
HJIH aKo rH yxane, H5I:Ma .na HM noBpe,n.:i,1. (Ba6a Pyca HHKOJJoBa, c.
T y pcKH Tp1>cTeHHK, HHKonoJicKo. Cpa. C6HY, X~' , 14.)

T) H 3 T p a B H H q e, n 3 T p a B K a

H3TpaBHHIJe HJIH H3TpaBKa e 6HJIKa' K0.HTO pacT~

no JIHB8)J.HTe, 6epaT H Ha EHbOB,ZI.eH H cymaT, ra Koll.HT .n.ereTo B HeSl
cpem.y 6oJiecrra H3TpaauH.

B. <I>AYHA
Cnope.n. B.HpaTa ttapo.n.Ha H.HKora ca roaopHJIH KaTo
tJOBeUHre BCH11KHTe :>KHBOrHH, HO IlOCJie rocnoP. HM 3eJI roaopa, 38 .n.a
ce 0TJIH11aBa H 1103HaBa tJOBeK OT }KHBOTHO. J1 cera Te He roaop.HT
KaTO 110BeK; Te naK HM3T CBOH e3HK, HO TO.ff e3HK CH pa36HpaT ca MO re;
H.ffK0ra e HM8JI0 tJOBeUH, KOHTO ca OT6HpaJIH roaopa Ha }KHBOrHHTe,
HO TOBa e 6HJIO MHOro OT,ZI.8BHa.IlpHKa3Ba ce, 1.Je HM3JI0 H.ffIGiKbB CH
np'bCTeH, KOHTO e no.n. e3HKa Ha 3MHHCKHH uap; aKO HHKOH MO)f{e .n.a.
3eMe TOH .np1>creH H ro HOCH Ha np1,cra CH, w.e MO}Ke .n.a pa36Hpa e3HK8
Ha *HBOTHHre. (Ba6a To.n.opa, c. CraKbOBUH, 6a6a EJIKa 1vlapK0Ba,
c. lI ynpeHe, BeJiorpa,n.11HIIJKo, 6a6a EJieHKa To.n.opoaa, c. lIH peH,
Bpat1attcKo, 6a6a HaH,n.a, c. Jfaaop, BH.ZI.HHCKO.)
lloBeK MO:>KaJI .n.a ,n.o6He CHJia .n.a pa36Hpa €3HK8 Ha :>KHB01HHTe,
aKo MY nJIIOBH~ B ycrara 3MlfHCKH.Hr uap. (Ba6a BH.ZI.a, c. CraKhOBUH.)
)KHBOTHHTe, Karo H3ry6HJIH €3HKa 1.JOBeIIJKH, IIOtJHaJIH ,na ce He
paa6npaT C tJOBeKa H 11011H8JIH .n.a Bpa}K,ZI.yBaT, na H .n.a ce 6H.HT H y6H-
B8T. (Ea6a BH.n.a, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJ10rpa,ZI.tJHI11Ko.) ·
• TaKa B'bpBHJI0 )l'bJiro ape.Me H e,ll,HH OT }KHBOTHHTe ·ce pa36J.Ip8JIH
C lJOBeKa H OCTaHaJIH rrpH iiero KaTO ,npyrapH HJIH cJiyn1, a ,npyrn H36.H-
raJIH no ropHTe H nJiaHJUIHTe H OTTaMO ,Zle6HeJIH He C8MO tJOBeKa,Ho H
TH.SI )KHBOTHH, KOHTO ca OCT8H8JIH C qoaeKa. OTTaM ca CTa~aJIH )J.0M8IIJHH
H II0Jle3HH 38 tJ0BeKa )KHB0THH, nHrOMHH H Kp0TKH, H )J.HBHTe JI Bpe-
)lHTeJIHH )KHBOrHH, K0Hr0 )KJfBe.HT no IIJ18HHHHre H ropHTe H npaBHT
naK0CTH Ha tJOBeKa. (Ba6a EJii<a, c. l!ynpeHe, BeJiorpa,n1nunKo, 6a6a
TI1>paa, c. 5I pJIOBHUa, JioMcKo, 6a6a BeJia IleHOBHUa, c. KHe*a,
Op.HxoacKo, 6a6a IleTKOBHUa, c. OcHKOBo, Bpa1:1aHCKo, 6a6a Pyca
CJiaaoaa, c. KunHJIOBO H P.p. )
IJ,HJiaTa cpayHa w.e pa3rJJe)J.aMe no cJJe)J.HH.H pe)l:
J. )I(HBOTHH.
2. TirHUH.
3. BJietJyrH.
4. HaceKOMH.
5. P116H.

8
114 D.HMHT'bP MA PHHOB

1. )Kut1omH.u
)l(HBOTHHTe me pa3)leJJHM Ha TPH rpym-1:
IlopBa rpyna: noM3llIHH IlliTOMHH Il0Jle3HH >KHBOTHH.
BTopa rpyna. nHBH IlJl8HHHCKH, ropCKH BpeJlHTenHH [>KHBOTHH).
TpeTa rpyna . .UHBH nnaHHHCKH 6e3Bpe.z{HH >KHB0THH.
THH >KHBOTHH 6HJIO C'bC C~0HTa Il0JJ3a 3a llOBeKa HJIH Bpe.zta ca
npofiy.ZJ.HJIH y . Hero llYBCTBO Ha JII060B H npe.ztaHOCT K'bM e.z{HHTe, a
11yec1:so Ha CTpax K'bM .npyrHTe H, K3KT0 B llecT Ha e.z{HHTe, ThA H
B lleCT Ha .ztpyrHTe e ycTpOHBaJI npa3HeHCTBO, npH.npy:>KaBaH0 C o6pe,ne,
penHrH03HH OOHllaH H neCHH.
THH >KHB0THH w.e BJie3HaT TYK B TYH H3JIO>KeHHe.

TTl>PBA fPYnA • .UOMAIIJHH IlHTOMHH

TTOJIE3Hl1 )KHBOTHH

a) B o n, K p a e a, 6 H K, 10 u e u, r o B e .n o
B OJI 'b T B Hap0AHaTa ~Hpa 3aeMa e,ZJ.H0 MHoro
BHCOKO MSICT0, 38lll.0TO C Hero ceJI.HHHH'bT ope, cee, npeaooea H CH
CJIY>KH Ha BCHKa CT'bnKa B >KHB0Ta CH.
,,CenHHHH'bT 6e3 3eMJIH e noJI0BHH CHp0MaX, HO 6e3 B0JI0Be - UHJI
cupoMax" - Kaaea 6a6a To.u.opa, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJ1orpa_ .zt'IHWKo.
Colll.OTO yTB'bPJlHXa Jl.fl.ZJ.0 )KHBKo. c. lJynpeHe, .n.H.ZJ.0 IleTKO, c. fopHa
KpeMeHa, Bpa11attcKo.
TyK e .nyMaTa 38 enperaTHHTe BOJIOBe.
BnperaTHHTe BOJIOBe ce He H3pH118T JlpyrOHtle OCBeH ,,aHrena":
.,He 6HA aHrennTel", ,,He M'bllH aHrenHTel" ;,Hee JJH Te rpHx 6a pe 3a alire-
~HTe" - ca OOHKHOBeHHTe H3pa>KeHHH B pasroeopa OTHOCHTeJIHO B0-
JI0BeTe.
CeJIHHHH'bT He ce oop'blll.8 KbM CBOHTe BnperaTHH BOJIOBe C .apyrH
JlYMH oceeH: ,,xaA.ne, TaT-'K ol", ,,xaiuie, 6amal", T. e. npH3HaBa B THX
CBOHTe H3A-roneMH 6naro}leTeJiH H CBelll.eHH 33 Hero >KHBOTHH, KOHTO
yea>KaBa KaTO oaw.a.,,CHHKO" HHKOI'a rH He HapH11a, a TOBa DOKa3B8,
qe rH HMa 00-BHC0KO OT ce6e CH.
CenHHHH, KOHTO 6ne HJIH DOD'bp>Ka, ncyea BOJI0BeTe CH,33 0CTaHa-
JIHTe CeJIHHH e HaH-JIOIIIHHT tlOBeK: ,,6He aHreJIHTe", ,,ncyea oama CHl"-
K83B3T sa Toroea H BHpB3T, qe B 0Troeop Ha TOSI 6oH H Ha T~H ncyBHH,
0

BOJI0BeTe OTroeapHJIH: ,,HHM3 )1.3 HH HMaw; X3p3M CMe TH!'", H CK0p0T3-

K'bB CeJIHHHH OCTaBaJI (5e3 BOJIOBe T. e. ceTeH CHpOM8X H CKHTHHK.
(Ba6a BonKa, c: CMOJIHHOBUH, 6a6a :AoHa, c. PaKOBHU3, KyncKo, JlH.ll.O
3naTaH, c . 6HJI3 CJiaTHHa, JlHJl0 Muno, c ._ AJITHMHp, OpHxoscKo.)
· A Ko HHK0MY cny 1rnAHo yMpaT HJIH ce Ha paHHT eonoeeTe, CllHTa ce
38 roJIHMO HeIIJ.8CTHe sa K'bW.3T3 H npHllHH3Ta npHDHCBaT Ha HHKaK'bB
CTopeH rpHX. 3apa,n.H TOB8 npe3 D0CTHTe H B neT'bK H cpH,n.a ·CeJIHHHTe
DOCTHT 33 BOJIOBeTe. (,UH,IJ.O .UHMHT'bp, c. KoMOW.HUa, JloMCKO, JlSI.Q,O
 HAPO.a HA Bf{PA 115
Crofmo, .zur.no X pHcTo, JVI.A0 .lleHt10, c. KaKpHHa, JI0Bt1aHCKO, )1.R.zto
feoprH BoJIKOB, c. Bpycett, TeTeBeHcKo.)
MoMa, HeBeCTa H meaa He 61-rna )la MHHe Il'bT Ha B0JI0BeTe, T. e.
TatJH rH Kato CBeW.eHH )KHBOTHH.
B qecT Ha TH.ff BrrperaTHH B0JT0Be e ycTpoeH rrpa3HHK'bT CB. CHJJ-
. .BecrpH, 2 srnyapH, KoraTo ce H3Bopwaa H3BecTeH o6pe.n, rrpu.I1py.>1<eH c
penHrH03HH OOHtiaH.
B 11ect Ha B0JioBeTe Ha Bo.ztHH ae11ep HMa oco6eH o6pe,IIeH XJI.R6,
Ha KOHTO ca rrpe,ncTaBeHH B0JI0BeTe c K0JiaTa H .RpeMa. To.ff XJI.H6, Hape-
tJeH KOAa, ce Ka.nu H ce ,naaa Ha opa11a.
BoJIK'bT ,KOHTO .R.zte BCH11KH )1OM3ll1HH- .>KHBOTHM, en ope.I{ B.ff pa Ta Ha-
pO.I{Ha He CMee ,na Harra,l{a Ha BnperatH H BOJIOBe; TOH XHll(HHK caM C'b3-
HaBaJI, qe arrperaTHHHT B0JI He 6HBa .na ce Harra.na H H,ne. B.s1pa1a Hapo,A-
Ha II pellaBa: B'bJIK, KOHTO Harra.llHe Ha BOJJ I 611B a y61rna H B Ha H-CKopo
BpeMe; H B'bJIK'bT Kato lie JIM 3Hae TOBa, Ta 6.Hra OT BrrperaTeH BOJI.
{6a6a Casa HaaHHUa, c. 6.HJia CJiaTHHa, 6a6a PaiiKa :A0Tea11ua, c.
r
KHe->Ka, .zu1.no KaJitJ:o, c. opHo TTaBJIHKeHH, ,AH,l{o l.J.aKo, c. Kom16HTe,
KaMeH )lOJI, TereBeHcKo.)
BoJI'bt arrperaTeH He KOJIHT HHKaK; Koraro ocrape·e, ocraBHT ro
B roBe,II.ara .na rrace, .no.lleTo yMpe, H ro 3aKorraar c yaa.>KeHHe.
MHHaJio TH apeMe, Crmrne;
MHH8JIO TH BpeMe 3a .1rn6eHe,
Karo Ha crap Bo.Ii opatte.
f oae.>K.I{0 Meco He ce H.I{e; CtJHTaT ro rpHx.
KyJIT'bT K'bM BnperaTHHTe B0JI0Be ce BH.>K.I{a H B C'bHOBHHKa H8 po-
)leH.
AKO C'bHyBam BOJIOBe BrrperaTH II HJIH HeBnpera THH ·- 3H8lJH ·
macTHe, 6orarcrao . (Ea6a BH.na, c. CtaKhOBUH.)
6HK aK0 Te fOHH - me HMam KaJ;Jra, a TeJie HJIH IOHeu - p~OCT.
(6a6a .Uecna, c . .UepeMaxJie, Kn3'bJiara11Ko, .llH.ll0 MHJio, c. AJ.ITHMHP,
Op.HXOBCKO. CpB. C6HY, III, 138, JiepHHCKo; KHHra 3a rrpotJHT, ro,l{.
II, 1889, crp. 40 OT KepettKhOH, CoJiyHcKo.)
B K0Jie.llHHTe necHH B0JI'bT ce Hapu11a He.npyro.HtJe, a ,,eJieH11oaeu.'',
T. e. c para Kato Ha eJieH. Parara ca Haii-roJI.ffMO yKpameHHe Ha BOJia;
OOHKHOBeHO xyoaBHTe H OT COH BOJIOBe HMaT BHCOKH porose, H3BHTH
BbB BH.ll Ha noJiyMeceu.
K p a B a Ta ce yaa.>Kaaa caMo 3a T0Ba, .nero ,Aaaa MJIHKO H .nero
pa.>1<.na teJieHua. B KoJie,napcKHTe rrecHH ·1.H ce Hapu11a ,,6eJio6ocKa", c
6eJIH CHCH, a TH.ff KpaBH ca MJietJHH.
B 11ecr Ha B0JioBete H306ll(o H Kpaaar.a ce rrpa3Hyaa cB. B.11ac,
Koraro ce MeCHT o6pe.AHH xJieoqera.
H Ha KpaBaTa, oco6~HO aK0 e TeJIHa HJIH BetJe,ce OTeJIHJia, M0Ma,
Heaecra n .>KeHa He 6HBa ,na MHHaBa II'hT. Kpaaata He 6HBa ,na ce BnpHra
3a .I{a ce B03H toaap, a oll(e rro-MaJIKo 6HBa .na ce ope c He.ff. Hapo.zuia:
Ta B.Hpa npenop1> llB8, qe TOBa e rpHX. CeJIHHHH , KOHTO BilpHra Kpaaa,
116 JiHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

Ct.U1Ta Ce 3a Hafi:-6e.Z(eH B cenOTO H ro COQ8T C np'bCT. "Bnp.Slra KpaBH-

UH!'" e H3paJKeHne, c KOeTo oKaHBaT HstKoro. ,,Bewe JlOO'hp, HO Cera e
CTHrHaJI .no TOH xaJJ, Ta Bnpsira KpaBHUH" - K33Ba Jl.ff)J.0 X pHCTO OT C.
KaKpHHa, JlOBtlaHCKO, 33 e)J.HH TexeH C'bCeJIHHHH • .Ila ce Bilp.ffr;{T xpaBH-
UH BHpaTa Hapo,nHa TO>Ke ro npe.naaa KaTO e,llHO H3K333HHe 38 HHK3K'bB
Te>K'bK rpHX, CTopeH HJIH OT C3MHH ceJUIHHH,HJIH OT 6anr.~ MY' KOeTO ce
Ka3Ba K.llemu1-di, no Typcxu TaKcHpaT [nperpeilleHH.ff].
_MJJHKOTO Ha KpaBaTa MO>Ke)J.a npeceKHe OT Maruu; TOBa CTaBa,3a-
IIJ.OTO MJIHK0TO He H3MaMeHO OT HHKOH 6pOJJ.HHUa.MoJKe xpasaTa C M8THH
.na ce HaKa pa .na He ornBa y JJ.OMa CH seqep, a .na oTHBa .na ce .noil y
qy>KJJ.a K'bIIJ.a. CoIIJ.O KpaBa, OMarbOCaHa OT roJIHM CMOK, BMeCTO )la CH
)J.OH)J.e Bet.Jep npu TeJJeTO y )J.0Ma, OTHBa B HHKOH JUIBa)l.a npH H.ffKoe ll'bp-
BO - 6pHCT' Kpyma HJIH )1.'b6, )1.eTO CMOK'bT .ff qaKa .na H3CHC8 MJl.ffKOTO, H
nocne,KaTo ce Hanue c MJIHKO,OTnycKa H .na CH OTHJJ.e npu TeJieTo y_.noMa.
TaKHBa KpaBH JieKyBaT, 38 .na pa3B8JIHT M8fHHTe.
B u K 'b Te 6aIIJ.a Ha ceJICKaTa qap.na. Toii ce ysaJKaBa H noqHTa
OT BCHtJKH. HeMy e IlO3BOJieHO .na XO)J.H H3 BCHIIKH ceJICKH HHBH H )la
nace, .D.eTo Hcxa; no.napHTe He cite$IT .na ro n'h.llHT. CeJIOTO nnama 3ary-
61ne, K0HT0 6H npHtIHHHJI H.ffK0My 6HK'bT.
CTapHH 6HK K0JIHT Ha ceJICKH Kyp6aH H H)l8T C neCHH H T'bp-
>KecTBa.
C'blilO Ha npHH0C, CBaT6a, o6poK ca KJI8JIH HHKora 10 H u lip
M'bJKKH TeJIU.H .
r o B e .n o e o6IIJ.o Ha3B8HHe. [TioJJ.] roae.na ce pa36Hpa: sonose>
Kp8BH, TeJIUH, IOHUH C 6nKa 3ae)lH0. HsKapBaT rose.naTa cyTpMH; ,,y
rose.na" - Bet.Jep e, BpeMe, Kora ce Mp'bKBa. Jlowo e .na ce H.lle .,Y
roBe,ll.a", aa.11:1,0To ycTaTa ce pa3H>K)J.8T, ' T. e. ycTHHTe CT8B8T noKpHTH
C paHH.
BopKOJI8UH:Te 6opaB.RT )leHe B roBe)laTa H Beqep ce Bp'blil8T Ce)I.Ha-
JIH Ha poraTa Ha HHKOH Kpaaa. ToraBa ru H y6uBaT c1>60THHUHTe.
11Ma 2oee"'iJa 60.llecm - JKeHa powaaa, tiepHa, rpo3Ha. OrraMo
11 >KeHa HeBt.JecaHa, He0MHTa u .npunaBa ce Hapuqa ,,rose>K.il.a 6onecT'·.
B npeHOCHO 3HatJeHHe O3H8tJ8B81:
,,B on" - rnynaK.
,,Kpaaa" - C'bIIJ.O rnynaK, aa >KeHa, HO ome H c neKo noBell.eHHe.
,,rose.no" - JJ.HB, rnynas.
,,BHK" - rnynaa, TBop.nornaa; 6HK0BH1'o - sixo.
,, T eJie" - npocTaK, rnynaa; onaMo: ,,oTn.ne Tene, s1>pHa ce son'" ..
" 10Heu" - MOM'bK JIHtleH, Il'bpraB, KpacuB.
B c1>HHIIJ.aTa:
BoJI axo C'bHyBalII - .no6po e, IlOM0lil w.e TH .n.oA.ne.
Kpaaa axo C'hHysaw - npH.no6HB m.e HMaw.
TeJie aKO C'bHyBaw - )J.eTe w.e HM8W.
BHK aKo C'bHyBaw-HenpnHTe JI w.e HMaw. (Ba6a Bena, c. KHe)Ka~
6a6a TieTKOBHUa, c. Ocuxoso.)
KoraTO He11HH Kpasa ce noeeoe H 6HK'bT Tp'hrHe C HeH, B JI.0Ma Ha
HAPOl!HA BJIPA 117
ceJUIHHHa ro nocp~aT C TPHtI.KH H COJI H MY OKa3BaT roJISIMa He:>KHOCT.
CytpHH me ro HaK'bpMSIT IlOBTOpHo H Hano.SIT C 11pHCHa HeHatJHaTa BOJl.8,
.n.oHEC~Ha patto OT Kna.n.etteua, H T'bH ro H311paw.aT c KpaaaTa a roae)l.ata.
ToBa cTaBa, JI.0)leTo ce 3aBeAe; w.oM ce 3aBeAe KpaaaTa, 6HK'hT npec-
TaBa .n.a .n.oxa:>KAa:
6HK'bT e HeAOCeraeM 38 HHKaKBH JI0WH .ll.yXoBe H .ll.HX8HHSI •. B'hJI-
K'bT H MeqKaTa To:>Ke 6.HraT OT Hero. (6a6a Bena, c. Ktte:>Ka, 6a6a Il~TKQ-
BHUa, c. OCHKOBO, Bpa11aHCKO, JI.HJI.0 reoprH B'hJIKOB H 6a6a IleTpOBH-
ua, c. . 6pyceH, TeTeaettcKo.)

6) 0 B u a·, o B e H, ar H e
KaKTO e B0JI'bT 3a 3eMJie)l.eJieua, T'bH e o B u a T u
aa CK0T0B'hJl.eua. A 110He:>Ke H CKOT0B'bJI.CTB0T0 e H3T011HHK roJIHM 33
CeJICK0T0 6.11arOC'bCTOHH~e, TO H 0BUaTa ce HacJia.>K,ZJ.aBa Ha roJISIMa
noqnt H yaa:>KeHHe.
OsuaTa B K0JieAapCKHTe neCHH ce H8pH118 ,,BaKJiynIKa", ,,BaKJIO-
matKa'·, T. e. c qepeH np'hcTeH oKoJio 0 1rnte. Ha aa~JiywKa yrro)].o6HBaT
BCHKora H M0MaTa.
OBU8Ta e Cl12MllAUlfll, KoraTO ce o6HrHHJ18 H ){8B8 MJIHK0. f/ A06U·
,,a, K0f8T0 He ce HfHH, CJieJI.0BaTeJIH0 H He Jl.8B8 MJIHK0. 51JIOBHUaTa ce
npo.u.asa 38 KJiaHe.
OauaTa rro crapocT ce HapH11a: osua Ha e.l{H0 artte, Ha .n.se ar'hH-
ua, Ha TPH H np. - JI.0 ,l{eceT, a H8H-MHOro ,l{0 12 arHeTa; KaT0 CTHr-
He .u.o taH B'h3pacT, TH ow.po6ee H ae11e ce 11poJ1.aBa 3a KJiatte.
OB UHTe B ro.TIHM0 K0JIHlleCTB0 ce Ha pH'18T ,,CHBO CT3JI.O."
OKOJI0 0BUaTa HM8 yctpoeHH rrpa3HeHCTBa.Ha 6'bJI.HH Be11ep w.e
ce Ka.nu oco6eH o6pe.neH XJIH6, uapetJ.eH KOUlapa, B KOHTO XJIH6 0BUHTe
ca rrpe.ncraBeHH c o6opa, erpeKa H cTopraTa ; Tm1 XJIH6 ce .naaa Ha
0BtiapH.
f eprbOB,l{eH e rrpa3HHK,IT0CBeTeH H3KJ1I011HTeJIH0 Ha 0BUaTa, T. e.
Ha CT8,l{OT0, H 0K0JI0 TYH CTaJI.O ce H3B'bplliB8T o6pe)].H, IIPHJl.py}KeHH C pe-
JIHfH03HH o6HqaH H rreCHH. Oauata HJIH CT3,l{OT0 e 11peJ1.MeT Ha BHC0K0
peJIIffH03H0 1101IHTaHHe. Oaua He K0JIHT, JI.0Jl.eT0 TH ce arHH; na H .SIJI0-
BHU3 HJlH CTapa oaua, aKo SI K0JIHT, He 11PHH3CH ce K8TO }KepTBa.
0 B e H 'b T e rroaeqe B'h3IlHT B neCHHTe,' K8KT0 B 0B1IapCKH H o6-
pe,ll.HH, T'bH H B MOMHHCKHTe. OBeH'bT ce HapH1Ia ,,B8K'bJI" H ,,BHT9por"; H
M0M'bK'bT MHoro 11ecTo ce y110)1.06JIHBa c BaK'bJI oaeH. OaeH'hT e np~-
BO.ll.Hre.11 Ha CT8)1.0T0 H Kato taK'bB TOH Hrpae B8:>KHa pOJIH. Toif e np~-
MeT Ha fOJIHM0 BHHMa~He OT CTpaHa Ha naCTHpa H CTOI18HHHa .
ITeCHHTe, K0HT0 B'b3IlHBaT OBeHa, HapH1I8T ro C pa3HH xy6aBH
HMeHa H rrpe)I.CTaBJIHBaT ro H8KHTeH C 6Hcepn H 3Jl8TO.

PyHa, PyHe!
PyHa nace CHBO CT3JI.O,
OaeH HMa tJeTeppora .
118 P,HMHT1JP MAPHROB

51JI'hUH MY no.npecHJia,
Poroae MY oKoBaJia,
HorH MY e. no3JiaTHJJa;
3B'bHUH HM8 38 XHJISl)lO,
CaM oBeH e 3a ,nBe XHJJH)l.
Toil H B0)lH CHB0 cTa,no.
3B'hHeu ,np'bHKa, PyHa nee,
Ta ce )lBaMa npHrJialllaB&T;
Koi'I rH 11ye, TOH ce 11y)lH,
IUo e T8SI xy6aBHH8.
OT 6a6a AHreJJHtta, c. BeJIHUHTe. Cpe. C6HY, V, 67, N!!3, JleMHpxHcapcxo

Tomo Jibo IllHJIHTap1rnol

Tomo JibO .srnyBapHHol
51 MH YJIOBH 0BHeT0,
OBHeTO IlleCTOporOTO,
neTO TH BO)lH CT8)lOTO,
nero MY ,np'bHK8 3B'bHqeT0.
C6HY, V, 77, N23, TbpHOBCKO

Ta H3nace oeeH .neeeT irneKa;

Ha r'hpJio MY ceH)l:>KHP 3a XHJI.sr,na·,
Ha CeH)l:>KHp 3B'bHeU 38 )lBe XHJISl)lH.
Y SB'bHeua 3'h pHo 3'bJtaa pJJHBo,
JleKoM • 6He, .naJieKo ce 11ye:
Kora 6He rope no nJiaHHHa,
OH ce qye )l0Jie no 6eJI nyHaB.
C6HY, IV, 61. .N'2 4, CotpHikKO

Moe CT8)l0 JJHqHO 6ellle.

Y CT8,llOTO .neeeT OBH8,
neeeT OBH3 SIJIOBaKa;
Ha OBHHTe .neeeT Kata,
,UeBeT KaTa, .neeeT )l3B'bHUH,
neeeT ,ll3B'bHUH Il03Jl8TeHH.
Kora IJHSIT cTy,nHa eo.na,
Ta ce qye Ha H3TOKa,
,UeKa CJl'bHUe 30pa ,ll8B3,
51ceH Meceu poK no.naea;
Kora nacaT CHTH8 Tpeea,
Ta ce qye Ha sana.na. .
C6HY, III, 21 ; N2 30, Co<f>HAcxo
OeeH'bT o6HKHOBeHO HMa HMeHa. TaKa B e.u.Ha neceH Ha T8K'bB
oeeH npe.u.eo.U.HTeJI HMeTo MY ce nee ,,Kapa.u.:>1<a", K0eTo e 1ypcKo, a
61,nra pcxoTo MY me 60.u.e eneHqeu.
HA POP.HA BJlPA 119
Kopa,z1.:>1<a oBeH ttafl-.n.o6op,
AKO MH CTa)l.0T0 H3M3MHI1J,
C ·aHH0 me Te HanoSI,
C opH3 w.e Te Ha3o6si,
B'hJJHaTa TH me o6HH)Ka
C'bc .n.pe6eH, CHTeH Ma pra pHu.
C6HY, XIII, 48, N!;?J, fa6poBcKo

HJJlt:
OaeH Kapa,ll)Ka-oJJa.ll.>Ka,
)13B'hHeuo KhY TH no3JJaTa,
)la nee K8TO )leBOHKa;
PoroBe KbY TH nocpe6pa,
)la Jl'blll.SIT KaTo C'hJIHUeTO
BHKa OBt:tapSIT Ha OBeHa H OBeH'bT MY e IlOB'bpHaJJ CT8.2IOTO.
C6HY, I, 21, N~9, Cocf>HHCKO

OBeH'bT ce Ka3Ba 0IIJ.e KbOCe.,u. nacntp'bT, K8T0 MY OTKapae11H CTa-

JlOT0, He )K3JIH 38 Hero, HO )K8JIH 33 0BeHa: .
TaKO CH )K8JIH Kb0CeMa,
Coe no3JJaTeHHTe poroae,
Coe noepe6peHHTe K0ilHTH,
lllo MH CTaAOT0 B'b pTellJe,
3a .llBaHa,aeeeT oat:tapu.
MH.'l. N!! 205

B .npyru neCHH OBeHoT - n pe.llB0)I.HTeJJ Ha CTa)I.OT0, ce Ha puqa

IOZU'I..0 B e H -. r · 0 JI. e )K H H K ce Ka3Ba OBeH'hT, . KOHTO ce HOCH . OT
M0M'bKa Ha M0MaTa, Kora To ce croJI.H. (C6HY, IX, 41, Ax'b ptiene6uflcKo.)
THH H TeM no.n.o6HH enuTeTH H XBaJJ6H B MHOr0TO neCHH Il0C01.1B8T
Ha roJIHMOTO yBalKeHHe, .K0eT0 IlHT8HT nacTHp1ne H CTa)lHHUMTe K'bM
0BeHa. CaMo 0BeH'bT M0)Ke )la ce K0JIH Kyp6aH, Ha cnylK6~, o6poK;
0BeH M0lKe )I.a ce KOJIH H Ha npHH0C. OBeH'bT e He)I.oceraeM 3a JI0llJHTe
JJ.yxoae H C8MOBHJIHTe.
B npeHOCeH·. CMHC'hJI 3H8t:tH:
,,0 aua" - rJJynaa, ~ypaa.
,,ArHe" - He3JJ06HB, Kp0T'bK.
,,OBeH" - np'bB Me)KJlY M~MUHTe.

A r H e TO e B'b3IlHTO B neCHIJTe H [B'bB] BCHqKHTC o6pe.n.n,B K0HTO

ce Hape~a lKepTB0ilpHH0WeHHe, arHeT0 e )KepTBaTa. To e HaH.:.npH.SIT-
HaTa .>KepTBa Ha 6ora. Ha feprbOB)l.eH B t:teCT Ha CT8)l.0T0 ce KOJIH \
.>KepTBa, a TaH )KepTBa e arHe.
KoraTo nopacTe, arHeTo cTaBa iuu11e. AKo HHKOH HHMa oBeH 3 a
xyp68Jf, K0JIH WHJie.
120 aHMHToP MAPHHOB

AKo CoHyaam, tie nacern oBUH - .no6pH aecn1.

AKO C'bHyBalll OBeH - pa.nocT; qe HMalll arHe - fOJUIM npH.no61rn.
(Ba6a BH~a, 6a6a BeJia, 6a6a neTKOBHU8.) .

B) 6 JI B OJI, 6H B O JI H u a, M a JI a q e,
TypMe

Como TaKa IlOJie3HH, K8KTO H BOJIOBeTe, HO He

nil yaa:>KaBaHH; HHKb;'.J.e ce He cpew.aT B o6pe)lHTe H peJIHfH03HHTe
OOHliaH.
B nec1-n1Te ce CilOMHIIHT C emneTnTe ,,6pe3n 6HBOJIH"' ,,pycH
6HBOJIH" , ,,cepe3 6HBOJIH".
Ill~BnperHa pycH 6~BOJIH,
Coe KonpirneHH qy.irnae,
H C'bC o6HH38,HH onaWKH,
H c o6KoBaHH poroae,
BoB T3Sl KOJia rnapetta .
.C6HY, XIV, 80, Konpnew.Hua

~-npertta CTOHH, ynpertta,

THH I\rn cepec 6HBOJIH,
Coe KonptttteHH qynoae,
Coe MaJiaMeHH KanHCTJHi.
Ba6a Mirna, c, PycoKaci-po. Cps. C6HY, XV, 28, N26, BypracKO

Ma1zaMe1-tu Kanucmpu 3HaqH nocpe6peHH CHH.lI.:>KHpH,6enn cBeTJIH.

6 H B o_JI 'b T H3o6mo ce p11cyaa CHJieH, HK H B necm1Te, KOHTO
HH pHcysaT IJ,BeTymoTO IlOJIO:>KeHJie Ha ceJUIHRTe, KOHTO ce 38HHM8B8JIH C
KHpa,n:>KHJI'bK, T. e. KOHTO ca H3I1'bJIHHB8JIH poJIHTa Ha :>KeJie3HHUHTe,
B03HJIH KHpHSI, BCHKOra ce CilOMHHHT: ,,6pe3H 6HBOJIH"' ,,pycR 6HBOJIH''
,,cepe3 6HBOJIR". H3o6mo 38 Te:>KKa H .naJietJHa KHpHH npe.nrrotJHT8HH
ca 6UJIH 6uBOJIHTe K8TO IlO-H3,lI.pb:>KJIHBH H IlO-CHJIHH OT BOJIOBeTe.
fiHBOJioT, OCBeH qe e CUJieH, MO:>Ke ome H MHOfO CHJIHO .n.a 6.Hra;
TOH 6HJI Ka3aJI: ,,Mora .na H8)1.XO.IT.H R. H8H-6op3HH KOH, HO Me e CTpax,
qe me npo,rr.'bHa 3eMJIHTa." (Ba6a Bu.na, c. CTaKhOBUH .) KaKTO BH)J.HXMe
no-rope, 6HBOJI .n.op:>KH 3eMJIHTa Ha poro:seTe CH.
B npettoceH CMHC'hJI ,,61rnoJI" 3H81IH - .n.yrnMaHHH, HaMyceH,
He.npy:>KeJIIo6eH lIOBeK.
,,BHBOJIHUa" - :>KeHa HellHCTa, yMauatta.
,,TypMe" - .neTe yMaUaHO, HellHCTO.
,,6HBOJIHU8T8 e qepHa, HO .naaa 651JIO MJ151KO" - e ITOCJIOBHU8.
AKo CoHyaa lloBeK 611aon - ·- 3H8't1H 6onec1. AKo ro roHR 6aaoJI
HJIII 6Haonuua - me ce pa360J1ee.
BoJIK, MellKa H .npyn-1 x1u11,HH _3Bepoae 6Hra1 OT 611BoJ, a. (llH)lO
CToifqo, c. KaKpm1a, JloallaHcKo.)
'HAPOl!H A Bf[PA 121
r) K y q e, K y q K a,w. e H u H, c 1> 6o T H ii K,
0 B q a_.p C I( 0 K y q e

3a ceJUIHHHa- 3eM.11:eJieJ ieu HJIH CKOTOB'b~eu, Ky q e-

T O e ueaeH, CK'bn Jipyrap, 3aIU.OTO e BHpHO H 33IU.OTO na3H K'hll.laTa MY t
cmoKama MY, M "bKaTa MY He CaMO OT XHW.HH 3Bepoae , HO ow.e H OT JlOlllH
xopa, na H OT nolllH JIY~oee H 6onecTH. KyqeTo e BHpHo - a1>pxy Tyii
B51paTa Hapo.nHa He .nonycKa HHKaKBO CbMHeHHe. Kyi1eTO ce caMono-
Jl\epTB}~Ba 33 CTOD3HHH3 CH H w110lllHTe xo·p a, KOHTO HM3T H3MepeHHe Jl3
xpa.ztaT HJIH y6HB3T, rne.naT .na npeMaXHaT npe.nH BCH'IKO ;J.OM8lliHHTe
HJIH oeqapcKHT. e nceTa, KaTO fH TpOBHT H.TlH y6HB3T, 331.UOTO He MoraT
(' JHIW.O )la fH no.nMaMHT II rrpenbCTHT . KytJeTO cnopt!.Zl BHpaTa Hapo.nHa
IT03HaBa no6pH H .IIOlllH HaMepeHHH . .Uo6pHTe xopa TIOJiae, na M.'l'bKHe,
a B1>pxy JJOlllHTe ce Haxs1>pra .na fH pa3K1>Ca. C TOBa TIOK33Ba Ha CTO-
naHHHa CH .na ce na3H OT TO.ff lJOBeK. 11 )(OM3lllHHT e rJieJiaT .nanH nceTaTa
w.e ce H3XB1>pJIHT Ha HHKOH rocTeHHH, HJIH caMO w.e noJiaHT H w.e MJI'bK-
HaT. 3a Il'bJJBHR w.e 3H3HT Be'le, qe e JIOIIJ FOCTeHHH , H w.e ce Il33HT OT
Hero. Tosa ce 3H'ae oco6Ho, aKo rrceTaTa HJJH HHKoe oT T.HX e OT coif:
HMa nee, KOeTO, KaTO "BJie3e rocTeHHH ~ K'bUJ.H BeJIH'b}K, IIOCJie KOJIKQTO
,Ila H3JIH3a H .na BJIH3a, To ro HHKaK He nae; He nae, aKo e .no61,p; aKo
JIH e JIOIII H .norneJI C JtolllH HaMepeHH Jr'- nceTO ro He OCTaBH .na H3ne3-
He. 3a TaK'bB rocTeHHH .noMalliHHT e Belle 3HaHT, qe e JIOlllbR B KbIU.a'fa
33 J10ll10. H HMa CTOTHH3 npHMepH, 33TIHC3HH OT MeHe, B KOH1'0 ce TIO-
cq11sa Ha KOHKpeTHH cJiyllaH KaK nceTaTa ca npe.nna3aa nH CTOil3HHTe
.CH OT xaHJl)'TH, Jl0lll.-1H B K'hUJ.aTa KaTO rocTH , a C HaMepeHHe .na o6upaT
H y6HBaT CTOTI3HHH3 npe3 HOW.Ta.
KytJeTo, KoraTo ce oTGHpa, . rn~.na ce .na 6b)le oT coif, T. e. OT
JI06pa KYlJKa .

Or coif JIH e MaHKa My:

6JIH3)' JUI J1e>1n1 .no CTaJIOTO,
1.fecTo nH Jiae npe3 HOli.J.H,
Ila.rreqe JIH fOHH B1>JIUH1t!?
-
6a6a Mopq>a, c. .LlepeKhOH
0 B q a p C K o ·T O K y q e, KOeTo ce cnyq11 OT COH, 3a OBllapH
·e no-ueHHO OT sc11qKo. To He CaMO na3H CTaJIOTO OT XHII(HH 3Bepose -
B'bJIUH 11 MelJKH, HO B MHOfO CJiytlaH OT'bpBaBa H C3MHH CTOil3HHH.
TH.ff CJlYlJKH Hapo,nHHTe neCHH. npe.naa·a T B CJJe.nHaTa <paHTaCTHq Ha
<popMa. CTOHH 6HJI aana,llHaT OT MeqKa cipbBH11ua , KOHTO W.HJia .na ro
Y.ll3BH. Ton ce npOBHKIIaJ I H IlOBHKaJI .K YllKa'fa, KOHTO 6HJia Ha IIJl3HH-
H3Ta rope H npH 6a"'uRma B1>p3aHa:

Kora CH KyttKa )(oqyJia, 3a TaH 6yKa BHcoKa

Or TIHI BHllle nJiaHHHa, ,C ')(eeeT HOBH CHH,zt~pe,
-OT CToHHosa 6a11Hff, • . . • • • • . . . . .
II.e6e1IIe KyqKa B'bp3aHa, C HH){)KHpe He OTKHHaJia,
 122 J].HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Byxa HH3 KopeH ocKy6JJa, Ta ro Ha .ztee npes1Jia,

Ta na CH Ky11Ka T'bplleme,
Byxa no ce6e BJia11ewe,
Ta BclHa Me11e CTp'hBHHtte.
Ilpe3 Cpe.zt C~ Meqe B8H8JJ3,
C6HY, V, 74, C<><f>HAcKo .
. .. . . . . . . . . . . .
J1 ¢atta MetiKa CTp-bBHHll3,
Me'IKa oT 3eMH y,D.apit.
H cu II rp'bKJJSIH ifaBa.ztH.

Ta1<aaa xpa6pocT cpew.aMe H B TpHTe OBllapcKH xy11eTa, KOHTO

ea6aastT cTonaHHHa cu 01 xaif,nyuu. Oco6etto ce ueHHT nceTaTa c7'6om-
Hu"'u, T.e. T3KHBa, KOHTO ca ce OKYIIHJIH B ct6o'Ta. THH nceTa He caMO
ca 3JJH, HO ow.e H tte.noceraeMH 3a JJOlllH ,nyxoee H .ztHXa11m1.
Xan.nyuH're UJffaT OT T8Sl K'hma HJIH OT TOH erpeK, .11e16 HMa T3KH-
Ba nce-ra, 38lll0TO JIOlllO me .naTHT.

HaJJeTeJlH Ha oeqapH,
Ha OBllapH, Ha JJOB.Zl)KHH,
Ha 3JIH ncera C'h6onrnun.
C6HY, VIII, 5 , Ni 2, KoJieAHa, Co<l>HikKo

BoJJeCTTa 11y.Ma B1-p-JiyBa no UHJIO't'O ceJIO, HO B e.nua K'blll.8. He

cMee JJ.a ~p HH~e:
lJe CH HMa JI.eBeT ncera,
Jleeer nceTa cn6oTHHUH.
OSHY, XIV, .10, 11, 12, KonpHBIUHlla

Ero 33lll.0 Ky'leTO e 33CT'hneHO B o6pe.ztHHTe H peJIHfH03HHTe

OOHqaH.
Ha 6'h,ll.HH eeqep Ha XJIH6a Komapa ll(e HMa: oaqap, rerara MY,.
OBUHTe, HO 6e3 nceTa-x:a C'b60THHUH He MOJKe J{a At11He; TO.ff XJI.H6 K3JJ..ffT H
ncemama (XJie6tJeTaTa) JJ.3B3T 1.fa nceTaTa OT 6ac.
He fl'bCH noHe.zteJJHHK, JJ.eH, nocsereH B qecT Ha JJ.OM8WHOTO HOB-
qapcKC xyl{e, me 6nn.aT Jno~..eHirn ncerara, 3a JJ.a H~ ru ~10BH 6Hc -
e,ll.HHCTBeHaTa OOJteCT, KO.ffTO ·MOpH ncerara.
AKo HaC'hH Te ,1ae Kyqe - w.e HMam Kaara c HSJKoro. AKo re
yxaue - me nocrpa,!laW Hei.U,o. AKo e 6Hno Kyqe - no~MaJIKa HanacT.
Axo e qeptto -· .ztYIIJMaHmn,r e roJIStM, (Ba6a Plotta, c. Paxoauua.)
Cnope.n uapo.n1:1ara a~pa :KyqeTo MO.)f(e H JJ.a npe.ztBH.)f(JJ.a Ka1<eo me
CTaHe B KbmH H npe,ncKa3B3. AKO uMa HSIKoA· .na yMpe OT K'hw.ara, TO
BHe .)f(8JIHO BCflKa seqep CJie].l 38XOJ( CJI'bHUe H npe3 HOW.Ta. CTonaHKaTa
ro fOHH C JJ.Y.Mlf'l'e ,,.na 33BHew 33 rJiaeaTa CH", Karo BSlpBa, qe C TOBa
llle ce cnpe oTpe,neHoro or c'h.zt6ara. HHKQH n'bK ro y6usaT. Ho HMa pa3-
HHUa B HaqHHa Ha 8HeHeTo: aKO sue H3)lOJie - JIOIUO e; aKO JIH BHe Ha-
. r ope - ,no6pe e. (Ba6a To,llopa, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a fleHa, c. Cry6e.n.)
Kyqero, .k.oraro e aapaaeHo, ,npaw.e c H0KTHTe cu. AKo HSIKO:A
11APOJJ.H A BJ1PA ·123
MHHe npe3 TaK0Ba MHCT0, XBa1..U.a ro eye.pen, IlO.ll,KO:>KHa 60.TJeCT, H rpH6Ba
.na ce JleI<yBa y CKopc BpeMe C Il0JIHEKH.
B npeHoceH CMHC'h.TJ. ,,Ky1:1e" o3tta1:1aaa Jiom 1.JoBeK, ,,KYllKa" -
J10lll3 :>KeHa, ,,KylleHue" - 3K0 e 33 ll0BeK - 3H3llH JI0W; aKO ~111 e 3a
.nere - 3H3llH Yt-1HJIKBa ce, ;i.o6pHllKO •

.n) K o H, K o 6 u JI a, :>K p e 6 e u, K o H 1.1 e,

a T, a T K H H .H

K o H .H T c'hcTaBJI.HBa ro.>ne eamen KJIOH OT CKO-·

T0B'b,ll.CTB0T0 H CJif>.ll0BaTeJJH0 OT cronaHCTBOT O H CTOKaTa Ha ceJIHHI-IH3~
Tyif, KoeTo e BOJlbT 3a 3eMJJe.ll,eJJeu.a, OBU.aTa 3a CK0T0B'h,neu.a, T)'H e ·
K0HHT 3a KHpa.ll>KHHT a. Oco6Ho KOHRT e ueHeH Ha ceJI.HHHHa no n.ria-
HHHCKHTe Mecra, .u.ero l<OJJa MH0_ro .M'bllHO BbpBHr.
KoHHT 06a1:1e HaH-MHoro e B'h3nHT B 10tta111KHre necHH, r.e. Karo
.npyrap Ha IOHaUHTe B TeXHHTe IlO,llBH3H, 6op6H, 6oeee H Ha.ll,6op3Ba-
HHH. BHJJO Karo npeeoseH KHp3.ll,)KHJ1CKH .u.o6Hr'hK, 6HJIO Karo ,u.pyrap
Ha JOHauHTe, KOHHT e H3B0l0B3Jl e)lHO Ba)KH0 M.HCT0 B Hap0.ll,HaTa B.Hpa
H B peJJHfH03HH Te o6pe,nH H o6Hll3H. KOH.HT e H~,u.cceraeM 33 caMOBHJIH>-
SMeHOBe, 3MeJUI.H H ,u.pyrH JIOlllH .ll,HXaHml; eTO 38IUO ll0BeK, KOHTO n'h-
Tysa . HOIUH0 BpeMe .c KOH, MHOfO pH)lKO e Hana)lH3T OT TH.ff ,u.yxoee.
KOH.HT M'hllH0 MO:>Ke .u.a 6b,ne sapa3eH HOT 60Jiecn1; B'hB .epeMe Ha llYMa,
X0Jiepa, CHnaHHUa H .npyn1 CTpalllHH 6oJJeCTH llOBeK e 3ana3eH· OT t5IX?-
aK0 H3)lH H TI'hT'yBa Ha KOH; qyl\faTa, X0JiepaTa He ttana,u.aJIH Ha IWH.
(Ea6a Detta YleaHoBa, c. Ce~rnc11e.).
B qecT Ha K0HH Ha :5'h)lH.H ee11ep HMa oco6eH o6pe.neH XJI.H6, KOI1TO·
ce Ka.IlH H nocJie ce }laBa Ha KOH.Hpa.
Ha To.nopoa,u.eH ce npasttyea B 1:1ecT Ha KOHH, Mee.HT ce oco6ettH
o6pe)lHH XJI.H6oee H ce B'hpmaT H3BeCTHH 06pe,1u-i H peJIHfH03HW 06H113H.
B K0Jie,llHHTe neCHH Ha cronaHHHa ceJIHHHH HJIH cmaHeHUIW Me)K-
.llY .npyrHTe pa.nocTHH H ,lI.06pH BeCTH, KOHTO MY H0CHT K0JJe,lI.apuIn e, e
H pa.nocrttaTa aecr H3 3arope:

Ko6HJIKHTe ca H3)K)lpe6u.1rn,
Bee KOHl!eTa 3JJaTorpHBH ,
Bee K06HJIKH .1eeorpHBKH ,
JlesorpHBK H KOH·J JOrpHBKH,
51 K0HbOBUH naTaHorH,
ITaTaHOrH BHT0rpHBKH .

KaKTO 3a ao.rya, 6HeoJia, oauaTa Jt osetta ca Ba>KHH poroBere,.

331UOT0 HM cJiymaT RaTo )'KparneHHe , TaKa 33 KOHH e Ba>KH0 YKpa-
llleHHe rpHBaTa; 33TOBa H B neCHHTe ee Bb3TTHBa TH C enHTeTH
7,3JI3THa rp11ea", ,,JJ.srna rpHBa", ,,KOHJIO rpHBa", ,,BMTOrpHBa ", T. e.
3JI3TH3 H TIOJIO)KeHa BC.SIK0ra H3 JI.HBa eTpaHa, K0.HT0 ce pa3BHBa Ka-
TO F.OHJIO Ii Ha BMTHUH, llamaHoe KOH e, KOHTO HMa Ha )lBaTa CH HJIH.
124 P. H M H T 1, p M A p H H oa
'1'pHTe CH KpaKa 0HJIKO; no Hapo.nHaTa BHpa KOH rraTaaor e JlO(h,p,
.CHJieH, 6'bp3 - 3aToaa H s KoJie,ZlapcKHTe necHH ce 6Jiarono.>KeJiaaa
TaK'bB KOH: ,,H KOHh0BUH naTaHOrH".
OcBeH rpuBaTa H H03eTe B8>1<HO yKpamettii:e Ha KOHH e H aAaKa-
.ma, T.e. UBeT'bT Ha KOC'bM~ My. B'h3neTH ca KOHe C'bC c.rie)lHHH KOC'bM:
K{JAecm - ,,KyJiamirna", C'bC 3JiaTHO.>K'bJITaB KOC'bM.
BpaH - ,,BpaHKO", ,,apaHH KOHR", tJepeH K'bKJIH'lJ88 CBeT'bJI. K0-
·C'bM; TaK'bB KOH ce HapHtJa ome ,,rapaatt":
1-faBa,ll.U MH K0HH rapBaHa,
no.nail MH ca6JIH q>peHfHSl !
C6HY, XIV, 84, J'fll 13, Konpusw.uu.a
Cua-3eJieH - ,,CHB-3eJieHKo":
Pa3RpH cu .caeTu feopn1.,
CsoR KOHR CHB-3eJieHKO.
05HY, XV, c. Pycnap, npecnascKo, npeceneuu H3 O.ztpHHCKO
no CHJiaTa H 6op3UHaTa, C KORTO B'bpBU H 6Hra, KOH.HT HOCH THH
.emneTu:
,,B 11xporQHR'':
na B'h3Ce,ll.HH ,u.o6pa KOHR,
,llo6pa KOH.ff BHXpOfOHR,
B HXporOH.H' BeTporOHR'
III.o Ha,ll.6op3Ba BHXpH BeTpH,
III.o H3',ll.BapKBa HCHO CJI'hHUe.
I-fa c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a .llecna. Cps. C6HY, III, 13, 15 ,KoJieAapcKa

,, Be.neBHH " , ,, B HTe3"·.

Ila CH HXHa K0Hb BHTe3a,

·KoHh-BHTe3a, 6e.nesuH.
C6HY, XIII, 89, · IlpunencKo

Ko 6 H JI a Ta ce HapHtJa ow.e c enHTeT ,,JiacToBHua", T. e. MHoro

'Oop3o oHra, KaTo JiacToB_Hua; ocaeH Toaa T'bHKa e, B'b3Jl.'bJira ii JieKa.
11 CH HXHa KQOHJia Jl8CTOBHU8.
MHn. N2 146
3a ,Zla O'b}le KOHflT CHJieH, HK, H3,D.'bp.>KJIHB H 6'bp3, TpH6Ba .na 6'b,ll.e
-OT coif, IleCHHTe pHcyBaT TaK'bB KOH C'bC CJie)lHHTe Ka11ecraa:
65IraH, 65Iraii, cyp-eJI~He,
11 )I.a 6Hraw, w.e Te xaaHa,
Kott MM He e 3a .zurn pac'hJI,
H ·A P O Jl. H A B )I P A 125
KoH MH He e e,nHoro,neu;
Ho e pac'bJI 3a rp H ro.nHH,
MJIHKO CHC3Jl Ha aTKHHH,
Ha a.TKHHH Il'bpBo>Kpe6Ka;
TpH fO)lHHH 306 e 306aJI,
306 e 306aJI, 306 6eJIHH,
306 6eJIHH, CHTeli OpH'3;
Bo,na noeH pOHHO BHHO.
Hs c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a .llecna, c• .llepeMaxJJe. CpB. C6HY, I, 14; III.
11, 12; IV,13; V, 8, 13; XII, 4; XIII, 6 1

TaH neceH H BapHaHTHTe B nocotJeHHTe H3BOpH ca KOJle,napCKH.

KoHHT Ha IOH3UHTe OCBeH xy6aBOTO o6I03)lBaHe - C'bC 3JI3TH·a
103Jl3, CHHbO ce.nJIO 11 .npyrH yKpameHHH, B'b3IleTH B necH11Te, uem1 ce
MHOfO H no CBOHTa rpHBa, KOHTO C'blll.0 TaKa e B'b3IlHTa B neCHHTe.
fpHBaTa 33 KOHR Ba)KH C'hlll.O, KaKTO KOCaTa 33 MOMaTa. J1 KOraro ce
CTIOMHHH rpHBaTa Ha KOHH, ne~HHTe H pHcyaaT H3peceua C 6Hcep:

CaeutH ropHJIO, KOHUH cyKaJJO,

KoHUH cyKaJJo, 6s1.11a KonpHHa;
KoHirn cyKa.'?O, 6Hcep HHsa.11O,
BHcep HH33JJO KOHIO no rpHBa.
BHcep HH3aJI,o, KOHIO ,nyMaJio:
HeMOH MH KOHIO, He HHmaH CH r JiaBa,
He HHlllaH CH rJJaaa, He poHH CH 6Hcep.
• Hs c6opHHKa MH oT 6a6a .llecna, c. .llepeMaxne, K1>s1>J1aratJKO, npeceJJ HHUH
· BJIKOra as Coq>HlicKo. CpB. C6HY, XIII, 112, OxpHA

KoHeTe KaTO ,npyrapH Ha IOH3UHTe MHOfO tJeCTO ca nporosapBJIIi

H )laBaJIH HM CBOHTe C'bBeTH. TaKa, KoraTO .[{OHllO BOHBO)la BO,llHJI Mer-
Jl3H C npo11yTHH apanHH , lJHHTO KOH e 6HJI MHOro XHT'hp, KOHHT ,llOH'IOB
nporoaopHJI H MY ,nasa TaKHBa c'hsenr:

KoHb CH .[{oHtJY THXO rrporoaapH:

Off r e, ,LloHqo, ,no6'hp IOHaKI
He MepH CH' KOHIO B qepHH O'IIH,
qe KOHb e XHTpa f H)lHB.
KoHb me na,llHe HHllKOM Ha KoJJeHe.
Ho r o MepH B mHpOKH rp'hJJ.H,
Ta r oraaa apanHHa me nor o,nHm,
Il(e TIOfOJ{HIIl B 11epaHTe O'IIH.
Hs c6opHHKa MH or 6a6a To.l{opa non XpecToBa, c. JleraKoBo, OpxaHHiicxo.
CpB. C6HY, I, 60

OrTyKa ce BH)K.Z(a, qe HHKora He CaMo IOH3UHTe, HO H KOHeTe ca

'3HaeJJH XHTpOCTJf.
Hapo.nHaTa BHpa npe.nasa H HapO.llHHTe .neCHH ca B'b3IlpHeJIH H
126 JIHMHT'l,P MAPHHOB

B'b3TIHBaT HHKaKBH X B 'b p K O B a T H K O H e. THH XB'bpK0BaTH KOHe

-ca H3JlHJIH Cal\10 H3UJHTe IOHaUH. TaKHBa XB'bpK0BaTH KOHe B necHHTe ce
pa3Ka3Ba, q e ca H3JUiJIH KpaJIH MapKo, MoMIIHTI ao:Aaona, .lloHqHH
B0HBO}la H Ollie MH0ro, KOHT0 H3ll.lH1e H8pOJlHH neCHH- Il03HaBaT.
C TaKhB xa'hpKoaaT HJIH KpHJiaT KOH KpanH MapKo e JIHTHaJI B
06JiaUHTe, ,neTo 6HJI8 ce CKpHJia Mar,na CaMOBHJia; TaMO H HaMepH.11
H H HaKapaJI .na CJie3e }l0JIY Ha 3eMHTa H C'bC CBOHTe neKOBHTH 6HJIKH .na
,C'b)KHBH Her0BHH no6paTHM.
Kp11~11aTHTe K0He ce ·]Kpe6HJJH TaT'bK HHK'b)le )laJielle, Ha Kpai'i
·CBSIT, .neT0 HMaJIO nycTH JJHB8)lH H )leTo ce B'b)lHJJH TaKHBa KpHJT8TH
K0He. (6a6a MapHH, 6a6a )la,na H 6a6a Pa.na, IlaHarropmue, 6a6a
Mopcpa, c. )lepeKhOH, Ko30Jiara11Ko, 6a_6 a To.llopa_non XpHCTOBa, c.
JluTaKoso, OpxattniicKo. TaR aRpa ce npe.naaa B HHK0JIKO npHKa3KH.)
B CBaT6apCKHTe neCHH KOHRT e B'b3TISIT MH0f0 rrose11e, 0TK0JIK~T0
.np)THTe .ll.0MalllHH )KHBOTHH. CaaTOBeTe ca HXHaJIH Ha ,,BpaHH K0He , a
.CBaXHTe B ,,3JiaTHH KOIIHH" , B KOHT0 ca anperHaTH rraK BpaHH KOHe;
pH.llKO ce Cil0MHH5JT 6eJIH HJIH 3eJieHH K0He.
Hapo.nHaTa BSipa npe.nasa, qe H KOH.HT, KaKT0 KyqeTO, HMaJ! TaH
..nap6a OT 6ora .na npe,nau:m.na, )la npe.llqyacTsyaa KaKB0 HMa )la CTaHe
,C'bC CTonaHHHa MY, KoraTO Tp'hrHe Ha Il'bT. AKO npe)lBH)lH H npe)ly-
MY, KOHTO ce
f8)K}la, qe HMa ,Ila ce CJiyqH Heruo JIOIIlO C'bC CTOilaHHHa _
roTBH H aeqe Tp'braa Ha Il'bT, KOHRT OTK83Ba )la Tp'brHe. Toil ce Bpnrua
H838}l H He palIH )la H3Jte3He H3 rropnrre. 11 CT0il8HHH'bT MY' 3HaeHKH,
.qe KOHRT MY e ,u06'hp H .npec11paH, 03a}lallaBa ce 33 TOH Heros KanpH3 H
HaH-HaKpaii, BRpa·aHKH, qe TYK KOH.HT npe.nyra.)K)la Hemo JIOIIJ0, ocTaH
OT TI'hT; Tp'hrBa .npy r )leH. noaep,HeTO pa3K83Ba, KaTO IlOCOIIBa H KOH-
KpeTHH cJiyqaH, qe OHHH CTOil8HH, K0HT0 He ca nocJiymaJIH THH npe)ly-
npe:m.neHHR Ha CB0HTe K0He H ca Tp'hrBaJIH Ha Il'bT - ca rrpeTopI1HBaJIH
Heu.r.acnrn: HJIH ca 6HJIH y6HaaHH, HJIH orpa6BaHH, HJIH HM ce cny1rnano
,.npyro roJIHMO HeruacTHe.
)Kpe6eu'hT e 6amaTa, K06HJTaTa e MaMKaTa, a *Pe611eTo e )leTeTo.
AKO K06HJiaTa ce 0)Kpe6H HOW.HO BpeMe, 0.)KpeoeHOTO K0Hlle w.e
6'b.lle yzypcy3, T.e. oe3 .no6pa cpew.a. CTonaHHH'bT Ha TaK'b.B KOH w.e
TbpIIH BCHKora npeMe.>K}lhR, rraK0CTH, 6em1 HJIH Il'bK HHMa .na HMa HH-
KaKBa cno.;1yKaJ aKO 0THBa no T'bpr0BHH C TaK'bB KOH, O)KpeoeH HOW.HO
BpeMe. (6a6a HoHa, c . PaKOBHUa, KyJicKo, 6a6a Kepa, c. BaJiaaH
TcpHOBCKo, 6a6a Mopcpa, c . .llepeKpOH, K'h3'bJiaraqKo, .IJ.H.no Kan110, c:
fopHo IlaBJIHKeHH.) ·
Am H amKUHJl ca K0He, C'IHTaHH OT napO)lHaTa BRpa OT oco6eH
po.n, MHOro II0-BHC0K, rro-6naropo.nea OT 06HKHOBeHHTe KOHe. BCH'IKHTe
KOHe KpHJJaTH, BHXporOHH, BeTpor0HH, BHTe3It H 6e)J.eBHH rreCHHTe He
.nonycKaT," tie ca o*pe6.eHH OT o6HKHOBeHa Ko61-1na, a caMo o-r aTKHHSI.
AKO H3)lHill Ha KOH HaC'bH - )l06po e; I1pH.IJ.06HB.
AKo H3.IJ.HW H na)lHem - me ce cny11H HHKoe npeMe:>K,ZJ.He H 6e.IJ.a .
(Ba6a BH.lla, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJiorpa.IJ.~HWKO. Cpa. C6HY, VII, 130,
npHJien.)
JfAPOl!HA Bf{PA 127
e) CB 11 H H

CBHHHTa ce cq11Ta OT Hapo.zlHaTa BHpa 33 Mp'bCH0

>KHB0TH0 H KaTo TaKaBa TH He CJIY.>KH 3a }KepTEOilf>HH0WeHHe. Ha
·CJ1y}K6a, o6poK, np1rnoc H l3bB BcHqKH ,npyn1 o6pe.nH, ,neTo ce Ka.ll.H,
CBHHHTa H,1H CBHHCK0 Meco ca H3KJIIOtJeHH. Ha KoJie,na 6e3 CBHHH HHKOSI
-cencKa Koma He Mo.>Ke .na MHHe. OttaMo e o6HqaHT H no rpa.noeeTe,
IJ.I.0T0 6e3 npace .na He M0}Ke. KaKTo w.e BH.l{HM TYK no-nocJie, Uiunap'bm
-ce K0JIH C OC06eH o6H'laH, 6JIH3'bK p..o o6pe,!1,. OT KOJJe,llHaTa CBHHH ce
na3HT H3BeCTHH ttaCTH no yKa3aHHHTa Ha noeepHeTo. Q6a:qe CBHHHTa
He M0}Ke ,zJ,a ce KaAH, T.e. He npHeMa ce 3a peJIHrH03Ha }KepTaa.
EAHHCTBeHo H3KJII<,'leHHe ce npaBH Ha CypoaaKH. Cpemy Cy-
poaaKR e BTopata na.neHa aet1ep. Ha TaH aeqep Ha o6pe.nHaTa tpane3a
rJiaBHaTa ros6a, KOHTO Hrpae poJIH Ha .>KepTBa, e CBHHHTa. TH He e
.USIJia, ·8 HeHHHTe llaCTH - rJiaBaTa H KpaKaTa, KOHT0 ca OCTaHaJIH_ OT
Kone.na.
HHKOra, npe,!1,H CT0 H noaeqe f0,ll.HHH, TaH r JiaBa H KpaKaTa -
T'bH ueJIH caapeHH, ca 6HJIH Ka.l{eHH. 11 .l{HeCKa T0Ba ce npaBH no HHKOH
-cena H Mecta, a H3o6w.o .nttec ce Ka,!J,H rJiaaaTa H KpaKaTa, HO caapem1
H Ha.npo6eHH H npHrOTBeHH Kato na'la (nuxmuR a 3ana.nHa BJ>Jirap1rn:).
Jlpyro npa3HeCTB0, o6pen HJIH peJIHfH03eH o6HllaH B qecT Ha
-CBHHHTa HHMa.
Hapo.nHaTa BHpa npaBH CBHHHTa HeyH3BHM3 OT HHKaKBH HeqHCTH
.JJ.YXOBe JI K3T0 TaKaBa TH Il'bJIHH noaepHeTo C pa3Ka3H H npe)laHHH.
CaMO CBHHHTa M0.>KeJTa .a.a BJIH3a B 'f3HHCTBemue nemepu,
..neT0 6opaBHT 3MeHOBe, 3MeHUH, X3JIH H ,!1,pynI ,!J,HX3HHH; 1H DJ1H33 B
THH nemepH H H3JIH3a 113 THX 6e3 HHKaKBa Bpe.na. (Ba6a Hafl.na, c.
Jfaeop, BH.ll.HHCKO.)
B Pa6m11Kara nemepa, Ha.n c. ~a6Hwa, BeJiorpa,n11uwKo, Ha-
po,nHoTo noaepHe e 3aceJIHJI0 MHoro 3Mefioae H 3Memur. E.nHo speMe
THH 3Mefmae 0TBJieKJIH e,nHa OT H3H-xy6aBHTe B 0K0JIHHTa MOMH OT C.
BJiaX0BHG:. MoMaTa H3q€3HaJia OT HHBaTa; TbH KaKT0 }K1-H3Jl3, CBH.,1a
·Ce BHXpynn<a OTI<bM Pa6HllJKaTa IlJI3HI1Ha, OTK'bM nemepaTa H Kato ce
33BHJia OK0JIO MOMaTa, nocJie IUJ.K0JIKO MHHYTH BHXPYllIKaTa 0T.rieTHJia
naK K'bM nemepata H M0Ma1a ce He BH.ZVIJJa . .1\hrnaJio ce Meceu11, KoraTo
-e,llHH )leH e.ntta OT pa6HWKMTe CBHHe BJie3H3jia B nemepara H noc.1e HH-
K0JJK0 qaca Topwyaatte B'bpHaJia ce H3 nen~epata H u~HecJia npecTHJih.a,
K0HT0 npeCTHJIKa BCHtJKH Il03HaJIH, qe 6HJI3 npeCTHJIKaTa Ha rpa6HaTa-
Ta M0Ma. (Ba6a CroHHa, c. Pa6mua, 6a6a l-!afl.na, c. J13aop.).
CBUHHTa MO}Ke .na BJie3e B nemepHTe Il0,l.l3eMHH H .na H3Jie3He 6e3
ape,na •
. TToaepHeTO pa3K33Ba, qe HHK0JIK0 CBirne OT Cblll0T0 pa6HllIKO
CBHHCK0 CTa,ll0 BJie3H8JIH B comaTa Pa6Hll1Ka nemepa H ce H3ry6HJIH.
MHHaJIO ce ,ll'bJif0 BpeMe H B ceJI0T0 ce Y3H8JI0, :e THH CBHHe, KaTo
BJie3H8/UI B ne11.1.epara, CJie3JIH no.n 3eMHTa H no TaHHH Il0.2(3eMHH TI'hTe-
KH, noll 11:YHaaa H usma BJiawKa, H3Jie3JIH H3 .npyra new.epa a I(apna-
128 JlHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

THTe. OTTaMo e H nosepHeTo M npe.naHHeTo, qe Pa6nll1KaTa Hemepa ce

CHOWaBaJia qpe3 TI0,Zl3eMHH Il'hTeKH C KapnaTHTe. (6a6a CTO.SIHa, c.
Pa6Hma, 6a6a BH.na H 6a6a To.nopa, c. CTaKbOBUJ-f. ToBa ce npRKa3sa
B llflJiaTa Ta.SI OKOJlHOCT, 3anOMHeHO qpe3 npe.naHfte.)
CBHHHTa HMa TaH cnoco6HocT ]la npe,ncKa3Ba 3a npeMeTo H ceJrn-
HHTe .SI HM.aT KaTo 6apOl\-teT'bp. Kora w.e B3JIH CHJieH ,Zl'b)K)l JI.HTH0 BpeMe
HJIH w.e HMa CHJIHa BMeJim.1.a 3111\•Ie, CBHIUITa w.e HOCH C ycTaTa Ci'i TpeCKI{
HJIH KJie'IKH H w.e rH K'hTa B KOtJ:HHaTa CH. KaTO BHAHT ceJIHHMTe TOBa,..
C'h6HpaT JIHTHO BpeMe ceHOTO HJIH aKO HMaT Hew.o .npyro - )KHTO, u.a-
peBHUa H Hp., pa3TypeHO no )l.Bopa )].a CbXHe; a n'hK 3HMHO BpeMe, aI<o
HMa CT0Ka, pa3nH.THIHa no ropaTa, npH6HpaT fl TIO)!. C,YlllMHa.
B _Hapo.nHaTa Me,ZlHUHHa CBHHCKaTa K0tHrna urpae HeMaJIKa Ba.>K-
Ha poJIH. KoraTO HHKOH CTpa.nae OT TI0D.K0X{Ha HJIH H3,ll,KO»cHa 60Jiec1,
HapetJ:eHa C8UHCKU cyepen, .TJeKyBa ce He HHa'le OCBeH B CBHHCJ<aTa KO-
IJHHa 11pe3 CBHHCKHTe He'IHCTOTHH. B C'h60TeH .nett, paH0 npe.nH C.iTbHU.e,..
60JIHH.HT no pH3HU.a me BJie3He B KOtJ:1-rnaTa CBHHCKa H me JierHe B He-
tJHCTOTHHTe. CJie.n TOBa m.e 60.naT nycHaTH H H3KapaHH CBHHeTe Ha
narna; KaTO H3JIH38T H3 KO'IHHaTa, CBHHeTe III.e npecKatJ:aT 60.TJHHH.
CJie.n l{aTO H3JIH3aT CBHHeTe, 6oJIHHSIT m.e CTaHe H T'bH C HeqHCTOTHHTe
me OTH)J.e no.u. BHTJIOTO Ha H.HKOH BO,lI.eHHUa H TYK, KaTo XB'bp.i1H HeqH-
CTaTa pH3a, me ce OK'hne OT BO)J.aTa, KO.HTO OTXB'hpJIH BO)J.eHHqHOTO :KOJie-
JI0, H nocJie me ce 06Jie11e B H0Ba pH3a H .u.pexH H me c11 0TH.!J.e.
Tipe.nnollHTaT B TOH cnyqafl B 0 .Zl e H H U a JI e B a K, T.e. B KOH-
TO K0JieJIOTO ce o6poma H8JIHBO. nosepHeTo YTB'bp»c.naBa, qe 6oJieCTTa
me M1rne.
BHpa.Ta Hapontta Ka3Ba, qe Typ111-1H'hT, aKo cTaHe BaMnMpKH~
TOH cTaBaJI caMo Ha lllHnap H .>KHBeeJI no ropaTa KaTo rJIHraH.Ilosep He-
To coqH .nopH H Ha KOHKpeTHH cJiyttaH. · B c. CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKo -
pa3K83Ba 6a6a TTeHa PHCTOBa, qe ce CJIYtJHJIO MHOro OT,ll,aBHa TaKOBa
r
Hemo. ocno.napHT Ha ceJioTo, TYPllHH oT 6epKos11ua, yMp5I.11 H ce
yBaMnHpHJI; TOH CTaHaJI Ha fJIHraH H XO.ZlHJI H3 CTy6JieHCKaTa ropa, Ta
npaaeJI Il8KOCTH. CnOJIYllHJIH ,!la ro y6H.HT. l(oraTO 0.Zlp8.TIH KO»caTa, Ha
)IeCHHH KpaK HaMepHJIH 3JiaTeH npocTeH, no K0HTO npocTeH ca Il03Ha-
JIH, qe TOBa 6HJI TeXHH.HT r<;>CilO)Iap. Or ycTa Ha ycTa .ZlOlllJIO e M ,l.O
YlllHTe Ha Ka,n-i-ttaTa MY B BepKOBHua .. TH .ZlOIIIJia B cenoTo, H3TIHTaJia
y Koro ce HaMHpaJI npocTeJ-I'hT H ro 3eJia, a na qoBeKa .naJia napH H MY
nop-i-qaJia .na yKpHe BCHtIKO. . •
TypllHH, aKO ce yBaMnHpH H CTaHe Ha rJIHraH, Il03H3Ba ce no
npocTeHa.
Ha nJieIIIKaTa Ha KOJie.nHaTa CBHHSJ HJIH npace rJie.n.aJIU.HTe Il03-
HaBaT MHHaJIOTO H 60.n.em.eTo Ha K'bW.aTa, Ha CTOil8HHHa, Ha USIJIOto
ce'MeffcTao, KaKBo HMa .na cTaHe a R'hW.aTa. (llH.no )l(HBKO, c. l.JynpeHe,.
EeJiorpa.n.11HIIIKO, 6a6a B'bJJKaHa, c. Jhna1<0Bo, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a.
.[{ecna, c. ,UepeMaxJie, I( 'b3'bJiaratJKo.)
AKO C'bHyBa tf0BeK CBIIHH - He e .n.o6po.
AKo c1:.HyBa npace - .n.o6po e, npH.n.o6HB w.e HMa.
HA POil.HA Bf[PA 129

AKO C'hHy Ba, qe HMa CBHH.H H ce onpac1rna - MH0f0 JI.06po e;

f OJI.HM npH,ll06HB B K'hl.l.J,aTa.
AKO C'hHyBa qoBeK, qe e HMaJI CBHHH HJIH npace H e yMp.HJia -
.,'JOWO e..
AKO KOJIHW npace· HJIH CBHHH - JI.06po e: l.l.J,0 :>KeJiaem, me ce
C6b)l.He CKopo. ·
(Ba6a BHJJ.a, c. CTaKhOBUH H 6a6a E JlKa, c _qynpeHe,-BeJiorp ak
llHIDKo, 6a6a fioHa, c. PaKOBHUa, KyJicKo, 6a6a Mopcpa, c. liepeKhOH,
Kb3'bJiaraqKo. Cps. C6HY, VII, 131, TipHJien.)
B npeHOCeH CMHC~Jl ,,CBHHH'' 3HaqH HpaBcTBeH O Mp'bCeH qoseK.
,,Tipace" 3HaqH 3,llpaBHqK o, Il'b.TlHHqKo, HO HeqHcTo, HeOMRTO .nere.
,,IllHnap" 3HaqH y roeH qoseK, lllhillKaB, .Z1e6e.11 - ,,crattaJI U.HJI
mHTiap" .
,,CBHHCKH COH" ce K83Ba 38 JI0ill qoi3eK, C JI0IDH HpaBH H OT JI0lliH
po.zurre.n H.

:>K) Ko T K a, Ma q Ka, M a q o K, Ko Ta K,
K o T e, K o T e ll n e, M a q e H n e

E,llHHCTBeHaTa Il0JI3a OT K0TKaTa 38 qoseKa e Ta.H,

11e Hsrpe65rna MHillKHTe. KoTKaTa ce Jl'hP*H . H npnH B KoIUaTa, RO
OT ay:>K,na, a ·ae ce HaCJia:>1<.naaa Ha HHKaKBa 06H11.
HapOJlHOTO nosepHe MH0f0 HenpH.H3HeH0 f0B0pH 38 K0TKaTa.
KoTKaTa HHK0fa He e npe.naHa, B.HpHa H npHBnp3aHa K'bM 1J0BeKa; T.H
X_paHH 0Mpasa H HeJI.0BepHe Kl>M CTOil8HHHa H ceMeHCTBOTO My; TH He
TbpDH HHKaKBa OOH)J.a; 38 H3H-M8JJKOTO K0TKaTa JI.pame ,l{0f'H K0raT0
C He.H CH Brpae .nere. TH e npOTHB0IJ0JI0}KH3 Ha Kyqero, K0eTO e BHpH0
H 11pHB'bp3aH0 K'bM qoaeKa, TbpnH BCSIKa OOH,Ita H HHMa CJIY118H .l{a e
y xana.no HHKoe OT JI.euaTa, K0faT0 Te CH irrpa~IT C Hero. KOTKaTa e npH-
B'bp3aHa Kl>M Kl>IUaTa, a HHK3K Kl>M CT0il8HHH3. 3arosa, K0faTo CTona-
HHH'bT H3JIH3a H3 K'bUJ.H, TH ro He C'bITp0B0}K)la, HO 0CTaBa B K'bUJ.H; aKo
CT0II8HHHl>T uanycHe Ta.H K'bIUa H ce npeceJIH B H0Ba Koma, K0TKaTa
ocTaH B crapaTa Koma.
Ha OH3U C8Rm, Il0BepHeTO ¥TBop_:>KJI.aBa, 11e 3K0 CT0l18HHH'bT H.l{e
B Il'bK'bJia , ~0TKaTa 110,U,KJHUK,l{a Qfl,HH 110.l{ K33aHa H ro p83.Z1YXBa .na
ropH, Ta noaeqe .na ce Mn1JH CTOl13HHHl>T, K0faTo KY11eT0 HOCH B0JI.a H
racH oroHH. (Ba6a EnKa, c. qynpene, BeJiorpa.n11HIDKo, 6a6a BnJIKa-
Ba, c. JlBTaKoso, OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a Bnp6a, c. PeceH, T1>pHOBCKO,
6a6a llecrra, c . JlepeMax.ne, K'b3'h..11ara11Ko.)
KoraTO yMpe CT0IIaHHH'hT, K0TKaTa ce pa.l{Ba, a KyqeTo ITJiatre.
(Ba6a M oMa, c. ToJI.IOBUH, EJieHcKo, 6a6a B1>p6a, c. Peceu, T1>pH0BcKo
6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKo.) OTTaMo e H CB'bp3aHa Bpa)K:
,llaTa Me}K)ly K0TKaTa H lcyl-leT0; Kyqero Mp33H K0TKaTa H BC.HKora 51
f0BH H JlaBH. ,,)KHBeHT KaT0 K0TKa H Kyqe" - e IIOCJJ0BHUa 3a Jl,BaMa
Ccnpy3H, KOh'T0 ce Mpa.3.HT H nocro.HHH0 ce KapaT H 6mn.
A.Ko KOTKaTa ce rrpHTIH11a Kpa:Ei oraHIQero, TYH noKaaea, qe :soe-
9 .
 130 tiHMHT' l,P MAPHHO B

MeTo m.e ce pa3BaJIH, me CTaHe cTy,neHO. AKO KOTKaTa Bp'bHKa H CH

MHe JIHUeTo c Kpa_K a, Tyil noKa3Ba, qe me .n.oil.ne rocT. (6a6a EnKa, c.
1-lynpeHe, Benorpa.n.tJHllIKO, 6a6a Caaa HaaHHI.I.a, c~ 6sv1a CJJaTHHa.)
KoraTo ce 3eMe B l<'hmn KOTettue, To .n.a He 6H .n.a 6Hra, npeMep-
BaT onawKaTa MY C B'bpTeHO, a TYW B'bpTeH0 3a61rna1' B K'bmH 33.ZI. Bpa-
TaTa. Toraaa HHMaJio .n.a 6Hra. (6a6a BH!la, c. CTaKbOBUH,- Benorpa.n;-
qHIIIKo, ~a6a Caa~ 11BaHHUa, c. 6HJia CnaTHHa.)
AKo C'bHyaaIII KOTKa - JIOlllo e.
• AKO CnHyBalll, qe Te 0,ZlpacKaJia K0TKa - JI0III0 e, me HM3III KaB-
ra C HBKOro. .
AKO C'bHYBaIII, qe e y~pHJia K0TKaTa - .n.o6po_e, me HMa B K'bW,H
npHn.o6HB. -(Ba6a IleHa PHcToBa, c. CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKO; 6a6a Caaa
11BaHHUa, c. 6HJia CJiaTHHa.)

BTOPA rPYTTA . .UHBH TTJIAHHH(;KH

BPE.llHTEJ IHH )KHBOTHH

B TaH· r _pyna H,ZI.aT CJie,ZI.HHTe .>KHB0THH:

a} B 'h JI K, a 'h JI II H u a; m e H u H,
a' 'b JI q e Hu a

. I3 'b JI
K 'b T e XHIUHO :>KH&0TH0 H np HIIHHHBa ro-
JI.HM8 naKocT Ha CKOTOB'h,nu1ne, a oco6Ho Ha ·oa11apHTe. Toit e onaceH
H _3a caMHH IIOBeK, a oco6HO 3HMH0 BpeMe, KoraTo e rJia,II.eH H X0.ZI.HT
c1>6paHH no ~BE:0JIK0 Ha Kyn, rJiyTHHua; ToraBa B'bJIUHTe Hana,II.aT He
caM0 Ha no-e.n'hp ,II.06HT'hK, HO H Ha ,tI0B~Ka . H ro pa3K'bCBaT. .
. TaH onaCH0CT OT B'bJIKa e ~'b3.Zl,aJia B Hapo.nHaTa BHpa e,ZI.H0 YB3}Ke-
HHe K'hM Hero H ycTp0HJia MY B noaepHeTo Hapo.n_ H o l\·JHoro npe.n.aHH.H, na
H npa3HeHCTBa. KaTo He e M0.>KaJI qoaeK .na MY Ha.Zl,BHe c .n.pyro, TOH e
npH6HrHaJ I K'hM MOJI6a .ZI.a ro YMHJIOCTHBH H 0TTaMo ca ycTp~eH-H a
qecT Ha B'bJIKa npasHHUH , Hape11eHH B'o/1,'lU npa3HUU,U, C H3BeCTHH
o6pe.nH e peJIHrH03HH o6HtiaH.
· 0THOCHreJ IHO C8MHH B'hJIKUOBe pHeTo aapo,ZI.HO pa3K83B8 38 CJie,n-
HHTe HeroBH l(atieCTBa H CBOHCTBa. B'hJIK'bT e MH0ro J18K0M H TOH M0.>Ke Jl8
H3.Zl,8BH UHJI0 0BtIO CT8Jl0. O6aqe rocno,n e 38Il83HJI ll0BeKa lI CT3,llOT0 MY
OT TaKaBa HanacT C T0Ba, .neT0 e uape.n;H.'l, lll0T0 ycTaTa Ha B'b.JIKa Jl3 He
6'bJl8T BCHKora OTBOpeHH; . qeJIIOCTHTe Ha B'bJIKa B H3BeCTHH .llHH H qa-
CbBe ca CKJI0neHH H B'hJIK'bT He M0R{e .na CH OTB0pH ycTaTa. B THSI JlHH
H qacoBe, aKO BJie3He B'hJIK B CT8,llOTO, TOH He ~O.>K~ ,l(a Y.Zl.8B·H HHTO e,ll.Ha
oaua, a caMo re·.AYIIIH H MHpHIIIe H llYIIIKa rec MYU.YHaTa, HO He Mo.>Ke
.zta saxane OBUaTa; a KO MY ce He OTKJIIOlJ8T ycTaTa, TOH CH OTHBa r Jla-
,l(eH. (,llH,zto Kon10 )l(HBKOB, c. MorJIHIII, .AH.AO ~aKo, c. _KonH6Hre ,
KaMeH ,ztoJI, TeTeBeHcKo, .AH.Zl0 ,lleHqo, c. KaKpHHa, JioaqaHcK o.)
Toaa e e,l(HO m.acTHe 3a CKOTOB'h,ll UH!e. ,llpyro m.acTHe e H TOBa, qe
B'hJIK'bT He MO.>Ke Jl3 IlOAYIIIH KaTO KyqeTo, T.e. ,n.a DO3HaBa no MHpH3-
.
'
H A P O Ji H A B fl P A· 131
Mata; 3aTOBa C Hoca CH He M0.>Ke .na Il03Hae K'hJJ.e HMa OBUH, MHOfO
TT'hTH MHHaBa 6JIH30 IlOKpau CTa.n.oro, K0eTo e HJIH B JJ.OJI, HJIII B HHKOH
ropHqKa, a K3TQ Hue fO BH.>KJJ.a, 33MHHaBa CH, 6e3 JJ.a ce CIIHpa JI OT6HBa
npH cra,noro. TOH no,nynma MHpH3MaTa OT 0B [{H caMO no ffHT'bpa :
0

aK0 ,nyxa BSIT'bp OTK'bM Ta.SI crpaHa, .nero HMa 0BUH, TOH 0THBa ITO B.HT'b-.
pa K'bM CTa,UOT?, Ero 3aIUO B'hB BeTp0BHT0 BpeMe 0B1IapHT Kapa CT3JJ.0TO
,na nace cpemy BHT'hpa. (.ll.H.n.o KoJIJo )l(HBKOB, c. MnrJIHI..i.I, JJ.HJJ.0
)l(HBK0, c. l{ynpeHe , · BeJiorpa.n.tIHIIJKo, JJ.H.n.o 3JiaTaH Hoiixoe, c.
6HJia CJiaTHHa.)
BnJIK'bT He MO.>KaJI .n.a BHJJ.H 0TJJ.aJietJe, HHT0 M0.>Ra.JI ,l(a CH o6p'blll.3
rJiaeara -TO}[ He MO)KaJI .n.a BH)K)(a K3KB0 ~ Bnpnrn' HJIH KaKB0 HM3
aa,n Hero. .
' Tpero IU3CTlie 3a. llOBeKa H CK0TOB'b,l(eua e T0Ba, qe no HapOJJ.HOT0
noeepHe B 'b JI q H ll 8 T a ce 0KYtIBaJia CaM0 Be)(Hb)I{ B )KHB0T3 CH, FI
1'0 OKyqea TOnKOBa lU e H Il H, K0JIKOT0 He.zteJiij ca MeCH,UU,-llm e, T. e.
He,neJIHTe OT KoJie.zta .no MeCHH 38fOBe3HH. (Ba6a BH.zta, c. CTa-
KbOBUH, Cps. C6HY, VI., 90, N!? 21, [(apH6po.ztcKo.) Ero samo ceJIH-
HHTe ce MH0fO pa.ztBaT, Koraro MeCHHUHTe ca KpaTKH, T. e. KoraT0
BeJIHKJJ.eH ce na.na paHo (npesM. Mapr), ra MaJIK0 .zta ce R,n:e Meco
H cKopo ce- 3anocTH. Toraea . B'hJiqHuara oKytiaa MaJIKo IUeHU.H. Ko-
raTo nbK MeCHHUHTe ca Jt'hJirH, rorana .ceJIHHHTe ca sarpH'mem,r;
oco6Ho craear 3arpH.>ReHH, Koraro BeJIHK)leH ce rra.ztHe Ha 25 anpHJI.
,,L{a MHCJI.HT OBUHTe 'Ji OB11ap HTe", K33BaT ceJIHHHTe B TOH CJlytia:H,
MY
3amoro ce BHpBa, 11e Ta.ff rrpoJieT B'bJltJHUaTa me . OKYtJH Haif-MHOPO
meHU.H. (.ll.H.zto MHJIO CroHHOB, c. KaMeHo rroJie, Bpa11aHcKo, ,11H,110
11eaH L{eeeHcKH, c. MaJiopar , OpHxoacKo, .ztH.zto Komo )1(1:rnKOB, c.
MnrJIHIII, J(H.zto CTOHHO, .ztHJJ.0 XpHcTo H _.ztH.no L{eHtJO, c. KaKp1rna,
JioetJaHCKO. ).
,lleKa me ce KYtJH B'bJilfHU.aTa, ceJIHHHTe 3H8HT H ITO3HaBaT npe3
apeMe ua ·T.HXHOTO 6ecyeaHe, 3aIU0T0 roraea MHoro BHHT. Becyea ce
npe3 MapTHHCKHTe H0IUH (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, . 17·HOeMBpH)8; rrpe3
THH HOIUM BHpBaHeT0 Hapo,n:HO K83Ba, qe B'bJilfHU.HTe ce C'b6HpaT ·Ha
Kyn c BbJIU.HTe H T'bH Cb6paHH, ce 6ecyear; .l(pyr IJbT He ce Cb6HpaT Ha
icyn, OCBeH aKO C'bCT8BJIHB8T rJiyTHHU.a . . .
· ,llero ca 6ecyea.rrn, raMo ce H Ky11aT. 3aroBa npo.neT, Koraro
3H8HT ceJIHHHTe ' qe B'bRtJHUHTe ce ee11e OKYlIHJIH, Tp'brBaT Ha xaiiKa
..
Te npeapbll(8T BCHtJKHTe IIIy6paKH, rrpet.ne,l(BaT BCHtJKHTe llYIIKH H KO.n-
KOT0 meHUH HaMepHT, H36HBaT rH, Ao,lleTO' ca ome MaJIKH.
I(oraro ce 6ecyaar, cJie,1.{ e,llHa B'b.nqHua XOJ.(Hr 10- . 12 B'bRUH.
I(yqar ce oKoJio EpeMHH, r. e. 1 MaH, a H~H-K'hCHO ,l(o)5 Matt, H To B
.ll.YTTKH HJIH Tp'bHUH, HO BC.HKora 6JIH30 ,l.(O ce.noT0 HJIH ,l(0 HHK0H• ' K0-
mapa H 01Jp~aea. Tyft npaeHT, 3a ,lla sa6.ny.>R,u.aaaT ceJI.HHHTe, K0HTO

a [Ha .ztpyro MRCTO aeTOp'bT noCO'IB8 KaTo MpaTHHCKR HO~HTe OT 11

io 21 HOeMBpH. J
'(B c.nyqasr Jt.plKaBa" e
ynoTpe6eH o e 'CMBCM Ha He]lBH>KHM HMOT B
H. repoa. Pe'IHBK Ha (hnrapcKHJ I esHK, 11. I, C., 1975, crp. 373.) • >K.
132 /lHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

He B.HpBaT, qe B'bJitJ:HUaTa w.e Ce KYtJ:H TOJIKOBa 6JIH30 JJ.O CeJIO HJIH .ZlO
}KHJIHW.eTO Ha tJ:OBeKa •
.UeTo ce OKYtJ:HJia B'bJitJ:HUaTa, TaMO He npaBH HHK3KBH naKOCTH;
TH rpa6H OBUH OT )laJiellHO MHCTO H rH ,D.OH3C.H TYK npH M3JIKJITe CH;
TYH npaBH C ueJI ,D.a He ,D.a,D.e IlO,D.03peHHe, qe 6JIH30 ·oKOJIO ceJIOTO ~JIH
KOillapaTa HMa B'bJPIHUa.
ArHeTO ,D.OHaCH }KHBO H C Hero CH HrpaHT ~aJIKHTe, a ceTHt" ro
y,D.aB.H H )laaa Aa ro si.ztaT. C TOBa rH )'tJH ,D.a rpa6HT. OBuaTa HJIH Ko~
3aTa B'hJIK'hT yJiaBH .ja illHHTa H c onawKa'1a H urn6a H Kapa ,D.a BopBH;
H TH CaMa THtJa C Hero • .
KoraTO XO)lH npH ti18JIKH1e CH C IlJI_SltJ:KaTa, B'bJiqHuaTa ce Il33H
Aa He npaBH aupK(}, T.e. ,D.a He ce no3HaBa HHKaK, tJe e MHHaBaJia TaM;
33TOBa He XO)lH npea HHBHTe, a no CJJOroBeTe, ,l{eTO He ce IlO3HaBaT
('T'bilKHTe If.
Or meHI(HTe T~ OT)leJIH e,D.HO, o6HKHOBeHO M'b>KKO, H Hero HaH-
MHOfO rJie)la H xpaHH H TO CTaBa HaH-rOJI.SIMO.
III.eHUHTe )lO 50 )lHH ' nopacHyBaT H BetJ:e TporBaT ,D.a XO)lHT.
(.UH.llO MHJIO CTOHHOB, c. KaMeHo none, Bpa11aHcKo, H ApyrH no-rope
nocoqeHH nHua.)
B'bJIK'bT, KoraTo Tp'brH~ 3a nneH ~ XO,D.H. HJIH CaMHll'bK, HJIH Ha
cypHH. CaMHHT B'bJIK ce K83B8 Ca.Mel{, a cypHHTa B'bJIUH - e.nym11,u14a.
CaMeU'bT Hee TOJIKOBa orraceH, KaKTO rJiyTHHUaTa, HO TOH BC.HKora e
CHT. MMa npHK33Ka 33 caMeua-B'bJIK, ~O.SITO ce H3pa3HBa B'bB B'hnpoca
0

,H OTfOBopa: ,,3amo TH e BpaT'bT ,D.e6en?" - IlOilHTBJIH caMeu,a, TOH a

OTfOBOpHJI: ,,3aw.oro CH rne,D.aM pa6oTaTa CaMHtJ:'bK." 11 Ta.SI npHK83Ka
ce 3HMa KaTO HpaBoy11eHHe, KoeTo YllH, qe BC.HKa pa6oTa B'bpBH ycnem-
HO caMo ToraBa H caMo Toraaa Ha tJ:oaeKa e .D.06pe, KoraTo caMHtJ:'hK CH
B'bplllH H rne,D.a pa6oTaTa.
rJiyTHHUaTa e MHOfO orracHa, 33llJ.OTO MHoro H3JIHTa H Ha qoBeKa.
OITaMO e H npHK83K8TB;:

.Ua Te naaH rocno,D.b:

Or TYPUH roJITaU.H,
0r B'bJIU.H f'JIYTHHU.3,
0r MetJ:Ka CTp'bEHHl.l3,
Ba6a Jlo6pa, c. Ts1»p~uua ;

CnopeA 6a6a BH.lla, c. CTaKhOBU.H, 6a6a J.I.o6pa, c. TB'hp.nuu.a>

6a6a To,D.opa H· 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JlHT3KOBO, B'h~'IqHU.aTa He MO}Ke ,l{a
cTaee Kg'lHa, .D.OJ.(eTo ue H,lle KyqewKo ~eco. 11 .na ce 6ecyaa, ocTast
.SIJIOBa. ETo 33W.O,' KOraTO Ha6JIH1KH J.(3 ce 6ecyaa., B'bJiqHU.aTa fJle,D.8 .na
y,D.aBH HHKoe Kyqe. Toraaa ce c1,6HpaT HHKOJIKO B'bJiqHU.H Ha rJiyTuitua
H b6HK8JUlT OKOJIO osqapCKHTe KowapH HJIH OKOJIO ce.naTa H fJieJ.(a'I' J.(8
Ha,MepHT HH~oe Kyqe. To~a BpeMe e HaA-onacuo sa nceTaTa oa11apcKH.
(CpB. C6H~, VI, 90, ;N2 21, UapH6po.D.cKo.)
B'bJJK'b'f MHOfO ce 6oH OT MeqKa; 3apaJ.(H TOBa TaMo, J.(eTO HMa
HAPOtiHA Bf{P A 133
MeqKa, B'bJHlH He ce .HBHBaT. Cow.o TaKa ce 6oH· H OT CBHHCKO CTa,UO 0T
qepHH CB.HHe. TaMo, .n.eTo HMa 11epHH CBHHe, KaKTO ttanp. B TipecJiaBCKO,
lli y MeHCKO H UHJIOTO fepJIOBCKO, B'bJIUH p.H,lI.KO ce .HBHBaT. lJepHHTe
CB 1rne, a oco6etto r JIHraH'bT HM, Ill.OM yceT.HT HHK'b,Ue B'bJIK, THqaT KbM
ttero, 3a06HK3JIHT ro H ro pa3K'bCBaT. (6a6a TieHa ,UHMHTpoaa, 6a6a
.JleKa 6attesa H 6a6a Myrna )KeJieaa, c. PHrn, TipecJJaBcKo.)
BbB BCH1IKHTe npHKa3KH, nocJIOBHUH H raTaHKH B'h.11K'bT e npe,n-
CTaBeH K3TO r nynaBo >KHBOTHO, Koero ce Jl'b>KH H MaMH H3BCHK'b,Ue H B'bB
BCHql(Q 01 .11HCHUaTa. 8 npHKa3KHTe B'bJIKbT ce eilHTHpa BCHKOra ,,KyM-
qo B1:iJiqo", a JIHCHUaTa ,.KyMa JIHca". .
BbJIK'hT He Mo:>Ke ,na 6b,ne onHTOMeH. H.HK011 osqapH ca npaBHJIH
OITHTH, o6aqe BCeKH OTT HT_e H3J'lR3aJI HeycnerneH. 8'bJIK'bT HJIH BbJI1IHUa-
Ta ce.UHT rrpH osqapH Ha 1mwapara, ,n.o,n.ero ,no11,ne speMe ,na ce 6ecyaa;
IIJ.OM HaCT'bilH Ta.H Bb3pacT, re· H36HrBaT B ropara H He ce Bp'bIJJ.3T setJ:e.
OrrnTHTe o6aqe 33 KpbCTOCBaHe ca H3JlH3aJIH CIIOJIY1IJIHBH; HHKOH
OBtiap11 ca KpbCTOCBaJIH B'h.JIK C KY11Ka HJIH Kyqe C B'bJltIHUa H KpoCTO-
CaHliTe KytieTa ca 6m1H rronyoriHTOMem1 H MHoro 3JIH. (,UH.uo Kanqo,
c.. ropHo Tiaamrnem-r, ,nH.uo D.erKo, c .. fopHa KpeMeHa, BpatiaHcKo,
JI.H.U.O Haan ITerpoB JleseHCJ<H, c. Ma.TiopaT, OpHxoscKo.)
BHpara Hapo.uHa ycrpoaJia npa3He1-1cTsa B 11ecr Ha BbJIKa, ttape-
tiem,r BoJltfH rrpa3HP.UH. Te ce rrpa3ttysar ,nsa II'hTH : npe3 HOeMBpH
(11-17) H rrpe3 cpespyapH (1-3). TTpe3 nm ,lI.HH JKeHHTe Hl1lll.O He pa-
ooTHT - He rrpe.uar, He TbKaT, He lllH5IT, He nepar, 33lll.OTO, aKO HHKOH
-ceJJHHHH 06.ne11e Hema, pa6oreHo npe3 THH B1>JI1IH npa3HHUH, BbJJUHTe
me ro pa3KbCaT. BHpara HapO)l.Ha YTBbpJK,n.asa, qe 3KO lJOBeK He HOCH
H He e 06.ne11eH B Hemo, pa6oreHo npe3 nm rrpa3HHUH, B'hJJK'hT H .ua
ro cpemtte He ro 3aK31Ia HHK3K.
C rpa6e:>Ka Ha B'bJIKa cemrnHTe .UOTOJIKOBa ca HaBHKHaJIH, Ill.OTO H
<:·aMMHT TOH rp36e>K, H3B'bpllieH npH H3BeCTHH ycJJOBI-UI, CllHTaT 3a
macnre.
TaKa, aKo B'hJIK'hT ycnee ,na s.11ese B KornapaTa HJIH o6opa, ,neTo
ca oBueTe, H rpa6He HHKOH osua, 6e3 .n:a 60.n.e.ycereH dT oa~apHTe H 110-
,nyrneH OT rrceTaTa, ToBa ce c1111ra 33 roJJRMO macnre - · npe3 raH ro,na-
Ha osu.eTe meJIH ,na ce H33fH.HT ,no6pe H w.e.riH ,na 6b,naT MJieqHH rrpe3
JiB:TOTo. ETo 3amo ce pa.usar· Ha TaK'bB B'bJI1IH rpa6e>K. (Jl5I.UO Komo, c.
MorJIHill, ,n:H,n:o M11J10 CTo5IHOB, c. KaMeHo none, Bpa11aHcKo, ,nH,n:o
lleHqo, c. KaKpi,rna, J1osqaHcKo. Cps. C6H1', VI, 91, N~ 36, 'I~apH-
6po.n;cKo.)
AKO HHKOl:1 6epe 6paHULfa, T.e. C'h6Hpa osue, K03H, roBe,na J{
,npyra CTOK3 33 rrpo.n;a:>K6a, H B Ta.ff 6paHHU3 BJie3e BbJJK, Ta OTHece
H51KOH 6paB, TOBa IIOKa3BaJio ,n.o6po: 6paHHUaTa W.HJia ,na ce npo,na,ne
CKopo H CK'bITO, a OT TaH npo,na.m6a ToproBeU'hT lll.HJI ,na MMa fOJI.HMa
neqaJ16a. (Jl,H.uo KaJiqo, c. fopHo TTaBJIHKem,1, ,nH,no Komo, c. MorJIHllI,
,nH.n.o UaKo, c. KaMeHo rro.Tie, BpaqaHcKo. Cps. C6HY, lll, 139.)
BbJIKbT M,HOfO 061111aJI M'hfJJHBO BpeMe, 3aW.OTO ToraBa XO,lI.eJI
MHoro CBo6o;mo: HHKOH He MO:>Ke ,na ro BH,l(H.
134 P. H M H T 'b P M A P H H ·o B

ETo 3aw.o HMa npHK33Ka, qe KaTO Il0JIHT3JIH BbJIKa Kora e HaH-

CTy.neHo, a TOHu OTfOBOpHJI: ,,3 MMe, l{Ofa Jt3rp.srna CJlbHUeTo. "C
'blllO H
UHf3HHHbT K33aJI: ,,n'biK)J. )I.a e, CHHf )I.a e,' CaMO JIOiliO BpeMe )I.a He e. ~
.Tlorno BpeMe TOH HapHtJa M'hfJIHBO, 3all(OTO Toraaa XO)J.HJIH B'hJIUHTe
.HaH-MHoro. (6a6a BH,II.a, c. CTaKhOBUlf, 6e.,1orpa,II.IIHllIK0, JJ.HJJ.0'3JiaTaH,.
c. 6HJia CJiaTHHa. CpB. C6HY, VI, 91, .N2 36, c. )Kemorna, U.apH-
6poJJ.cKo.)
AKo C'hHyaarn B'hJJK - JJorno e.
- AKo Te roHH B'hJIK - HMarn roJrnM .llYiiIMaHHH.
AKO roHHlll TH B'hJJK H:ro y6Heni - -- )J.o6po e, me no6e.llHI11 HHKOH
CBOH roJIHM .nymMaHHH. (Ba6.a BHJJ.a, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a Caaa l1BaHH-
ua, c. 6HJJa CJiaTirna.)

6) M e q K a, M e JJ. y H, M eua H, M e q e
MetJKaTa e Haii-roJIHMOTO JI.HBO H XHW.HO JKHBOTHO
B H31IlHTe ropH. MettKaTa ce·xpaHH C Me)l, pauH, 38HUH,. JJ.HBH CBJrne,.
IlJIO,llOBe, a oco6eHO npoco, uapeBHUa, .llHBH Kp)'IIIH, HfO)J.H, MaJIHHH.
ETO 38IUO TH HaHHCa fOJI.HMa noape.n.a Ha 3eMJie,ZleJJeIJa B nJiaHHHCKHTe
ceJia H Ha CK0T0B'b.ZJ.eua.
Ha 0BUeTe He e roJtHM HenpHHTeJI.
Ha B'bJIUHTe MelJKaTa e f0JIHM ,n:ymMaHHH; eTo samo, .neTo HMa
MeqKa, BbJIK He 6opaBH. 3apa.nH TOBa CeJIHHHTe He y6HBaT MetJKa, OCBeH
aKO T.H e CTaHaJia CTpbBHHIJ.a. MettKa cmp'o6HUijll ce Kassa OHaH MetJKa.
KOH.TO ce HaCT"?PBHJia )la H,ne Meco H CTaBa onacHa He caMO 38 CTOKaTa
H )l06HT'bKa, HOH 3a CaMHTe ceJIHHH. TaKaBa MetJKa e onacHa H TpH6Ba
.n.a 60.n.e y6HTa. MetJKa CTpbBHHUa ce I<.33B3 ome H .Met/.Ka Mp'oCHu4a.
MetJKaTa CJie)J.H B'hJJKa H KaTO ro 3aBapH JI 3aTetJe Ha THCHO MHCTO,.
yMbpTB.HBa ro c e.n1rn y,nap H nocJie ro ».ne.
MetJKaTa Hana.na Ha )J.HBHTe CBHHH, HO 8KO MeiK,Z:Q' THX HHMa
rJJHfaH, T.e . .zurn nrnnap ~ Hepea; oT aero MetJKaTa 6.s1ra, 3am0To TOH
,SI pasnap.H C'bC 3'b6HTe CH. Ho aKO_CilOJIYlJH MetJKaTa .n.a rpa6He HHKOe
JJ.bpBO, TH YM'hpTBHBa fJ!HfaHa C e,lllrn Y.Zlap. AKO B CBHHCKa°TO CTa,ZlO
HHMa rJIHraH, TH ro HanaJJ.a · 6e3 ·cTpax.
Met1KaTa H3B0iKJJ.8 Ma.TJKHTe CH Ha lllHpOKa IlOJHIHa no IlJI8HHHCKH-
Te npHCOHHH PY.llHHH H TaM, IlOJier1-1aJJa, Ha6JIIO)J.aBa fH KaK CH Hrpa11r.
AKO B TOBa ape.Me ce 3a)la)I.e 'IOBeK, TH ce CKp1-rna B ropaTa C MaJIKHTe CH.
,llO,ZleTo 38MHHe 'IOBeK'hT. Me'IKaTa, Ka3BaT, CilH npe3 3HMaTa, HO C'hHHT
He JieK, 6y.n.H ce -Jiectto.
B 11ecT Ha MeqKaTa HMa ycTpoeH npa3HHK MettKuHaeH, Ha KOHTO
,II.eH B HeHHa qecT ce HSB'bplllBaT o6pe)I.H Ii peJIHfl:103HH 06HllaH, K0HT0
me 60,ZlaT H3JI0)KeHH TYK Ha pe.na CH.
Met1KHHJJ.eH e Ha 30 HoeMBpH, CB . anocToJI AHJJ.pe11.
Me11KaTa e aa,naJia Ha HaceJieHHero roJUIM cTpax. ,,nail -.na TH
no6a H - Ka3aJia e,II.ea uHraHKa ua e,II.HH ceJIHHHH - JI.a Te He saKaqa
H A po Ji H A B}lPA 135
MeqKa, aKo re cpemHe." ,,no-.no6pe, 6a6o, - orroaopHJI ceJJ.HHHHoT -
no6a1'% MH .na Me He cpemHe."
B. H3lllHTe IOH3lllKH neCHM MetJKaTa e B'b3Il.HTa H npe.zicraaeHa
MHOfO roJJHMa H crpanma . TyKce HapHqa He HHatJe, a MetJKa crpoBHHII3
H ce pHcyaa, qe np :ttJIJf'la ,,Ha KOJia c rpoHhe", Hema rpaMa,zmo, BHCOKO
H roJIHMO. C TaKHBa MetJKH CTpoBHHUH ce 6opHJIM H3illHTe IOH3UH H HM
H3,IlBHB3JIH.
R Hapo.nHa!a Me.IlHUHHa MetJKaTa H HeHHH.HT KOCoM Hrpa5IT Ba.Rrna
po.TIH. AKo HHKOH 6oJie.nyBa OT yn.naxa, r. e. ynJiaillHJI ce or Hema, ra-
KoB MO)Ke .na 6°.ne H3JieKyBaH' aKo 61-.ne noKa,lleH C KOCoM OT MetJKa H
aKO MeqKa ro nora3H. Ho .ne KOC'hM or MetJKa ! Ero 3amo, Koraro r.m ra-
mne-MetJKapH .noKapar .ll.pecnpaHH MelrnH, ra r11 paa11rpa:sar no ceJiara,
HaceJieHHeTO n1qa ¥J KynyBa OT Me1IKapMTe KOCoM OT MetJKara H nJJarn.aT
MV Jl3 HaKapa MetJKaTa ,ll.a IlOT'bnqe 6O.nHMTe.
• HapO.ll.HOTO B.HpBaHe npenopo11Ba, qe npoJieT Me11Kara ce ·Kone B
peKHTe o6e3aTeJrno; T.H ce Kone Ha BJJaroaeu; Ill.OM ce OK'hne Me11KaTa,
qoaeK MO:>Ka~'l Belle ,na ce K'bne, 3amoro BOJlaTa e aeqe omrn,pH.ama, T. e.
crattaJJa ,no6pa.
TpH6Ba .na ce 3Hae, 11e Hapo,nHoTo noaep11e rrpenopo11Ba ,na ce
Kone qoaeK B peK111e or BJJaroaeu, Koraro 3a np'hB nhT ce Kone MetJKa-
ra, na .no CeKHOBeHbe (29 aarycr), Koraro ao,naTa ce ce KHe H aeqe era-
Ba JJOll.18 38 K'hilaHe.
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K83B8, qe roraBa ce }KeHH HHKO.H Me1rna. HMa JIOBUH ·sa Meq KH; Te ca
p.H,nKO. HMa OT T.HX, KOHTO yfomaT MetJKaTa He HHatJe, a caMO KOraTO
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MelJKOBUH.
AKo c'httyaarn MetJKa - Jiomo e.
AKO Te fOHH - me HM8lli HenpHHTHOCTH.
AKO ce 6opHII1 H 51 H3JlBHeill - M36aBHJI CH ~ OT ,nyrnMaHHH.
AKo re ra3H - me HMalli npe~e.~.zu1e.
(Ba6a EJIKa, c. liynpeHe, BeJiorpa,ntJHll.lKo, 6a6a Caaa 11aaHHUa,
c. BHJJa CJiaTHHa.)
".MetJKa" - B npettoceH CMHC'bJI 3HffqH e_n'hp IIOBeK; a 3Hal!J-t H
MHoro rJJynaa qoaeK.

B) J1 H C H u ·a

JI11cnuara Jio-mee no HalllHTe ropH, r'hcTaJiauu; TH

CJIH3a BCHKOra B ceJiaTa, pasno.110}KeHM KpaH ropHCTM Mecra H OKOJl.0
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roJieMHHT .H3Tpe6HTeJI Ha KOl<Ollil{MTe.
B HapOJJ.HaTa a.s1pa 3a Jrnc»uara H.HMa orpe,neH npa3HHK, HnTo
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136 tiHMHT7,P MAPHl/0 B

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ce .n.oaepHBaIII, saur.oTo ur.e Te H3MaMH. noaepH~To Kasaa, 11e aKO Il'b-
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C·H H Tp'brBaJIH
ea nneH H :>KHB0T, IIHTaJIH_MaiiKa cH: ,,.MaMo, ,neKa w.e ce BHAHM ~ cpem-
eeM ·naK?" ,,B ur.aaaTa Ha KO)l{yxap»" - 0Troaop1pia TH. - Tosa no-
~~saa, qe ,,0TTYK HaTaT'bK DaM rrpe,II.CTOH 6opW! .n.a ce, xpaHHTe H na3RTe,
38lll.OT0 aerrpHHTeJIHTe HH ca MHOf0, .n.e6HaT HH Ha BCHKa CT'bIIKa, H TO
sa Hallll:fl.e K0)l{H; aK0 npo11ee ce BH.ll.HM BT0pH Il'bT, ·'f0. uie ce BH,IJ.HM He
HHe, a ur.e ce ·BH,IJ.HT H8Il.lltte" KO)K}l B KO.myxapcKaTa W.aBeHa 1<aua"..
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xpaHa H.:-l{a10 Ha3o6sa nnaTHa H .D.pyrH .n.pexH.
noncKaTa MHlllKa npHH_ac.s1·ape.n.a, KaTo H,ne rrocH-T 0 ceMe, oco6eHO
uapeBHUaTa, HJIH rrace Be11e yspenHTe · KJiacoBe • .
. Cpew.y ,l{OMaIIIHaTa MHIIIKa llOBeK'bT e 0IIH.T0MHJI H ,ll.'bp)KH K0TKa-
Ta, HO 33 nOJJCKHTe MHlllKH HIU.ll.0 :ae MO)Ke .n.a noMOrHe.
. KaTo Hee M0)l{aJI .n.a H3Ha~lepH .n.pyro cpe~cTB0 cpeur.y TYH naKocT-
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TO. Hapo,nHOTO noaepHe pa3K83Ba, qe MHlllKa1a e e.l{HH MaJI'hK .n.yx,
KOHTO"He MO.>Ke ,ll.a 61-,ne no6e,neH c .n.pyro cpe.ncTB0 0CBeH qpes MOJI6a,
qpe3 YMHJI0CTHBHBaHe. H no TaK'bB H811HH B qecT Ha MHlllKaTa e ycTp0eH
npa3HHK MuuulHaeH (27 Ol{TOMBpH), Ha KOHTO .l(eH ce B'bplIIaT o6pe,ll.H
H peJIHI'H03HH ~6H'llaH. Hapo.n._ HaTa BHpa YTB'bp>K.ZJ.aaa, qe B TaH KbI.Ua,
-,neTO ce npa3HyBa MHlIII-JH.l{eH H ,neTo ce H3B'bpWBaT ycTaHOBeHHTe
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HMa MHlIIKH B
K'bIIJ.aTa. · .
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HAPOJ IHA BjlPA 137
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OT CH3XHTe, HJIH o,:- M'b:>KeTe Kpa,llaT H M3H8C.SIT B'bH OT K'bW.aTa CKpHTOM . ·
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.
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6yKH, eJIXlt H .Il.'b60Be II npHllHH_!IBa ro.1eMH naK0CTH.
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1

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6HBOJJ. .

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pa ,ll06HT'bKa YM'bpTBeH. PHC'bT, K0HTO .zte6HeJI ,ll'bpBap.H; UlOM TOH ce
OT,AaneqHJI B . ropaTa, BHe3ailH0 HaITa,lla _Ha >KHB0THOT0, Il'p0H>K,na
138 JJ.HMHT'l,P MA PH HOB

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ce Ha JJ..'bpB0T0 H ce CKpHBa~
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Ba roJieMH naKOCTH; HHKaKBa Xu.HKa He r. .1O2Ke Jl.3 IlOMOrtte, 33IIJ.OTO TOH
ce KpHe H He M0)Ke ,na ce )'JI0BH.
noaepHeTo ro npeJI.CTaBHJIO K3TO JIOill JJ..YX, KOHTO MO)Ke JJ..8 ce
npon'h)lH t1pe3 Mar11H. (6a6a Pyca, c. K11nHJIOBO, .ZVIJl0 [(oJio, c. Ko-
JIH61ne, · KaMeH JI.OJI, TeTeaencKo.) · . ·
PHc'hT ce cpew.a B CTapa nJiaHHHa B cJ1eJJ..HHTe MeCTH0CTH: Ca.
HHKOJia npH lJynpeHe; BH)K)l.a ce B TIJl3HHHCKHTe BHCOtJHHH npH )l(e-
Jie3Ha, KonHJIOBUH, OceHoanaK (11cK'hpcKo); JionflH H Jiec1mpeu (Te-
TeBeHcKo); KHnHJJOB.O 11 Kore,,.

TPETA fP~' ITA . .Ul1B11 ITJIAHl1HCKl1 6E3BPE.UHH

)Kl1BOTH11

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H PYAHHH, )l.eTo lJOBeK MHOfO p51.U.KO ce flBflBa, C H3KJl-l()tJeHHe Ha TIJia-
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p0JIH8T8 BHpa o6HT8B8T HaIIJHTe ropCKH BHJIH, C8M0BHJIH H caMO)I.HBH,-
a ome H 3MeHOBe H 3MeHUH. Toi'i ce Xp8HH C TpeBa Ji MJl8)1.H H3)1.'hHKH OT
JI.'hpBeTaTa, a B0,na nze OT IIJl3HHHCKHTe e3epa.
THH ycJI0BIUI Ha 060.TaBaHeTO l:l Xp8HeHeTO MY ca CHJIHO cnoMor-
H8JIH, Ta Hapo,nHaTa B51pa H noeepi-ieTo ca C'h3JI.8JIH ueJIH JiereHJI.H 38
Hero H ro o6Kp'h)KHJIH c opeoJI Ha CBeT0CT H TaHHCTBeHOCT.
· EJieH'hT e ,npyrap Ha ca~0BHJIHTe; HM8 oco6eH po,n eJieHH, K0HTO
HMaT KpHJie H K0HTO CJiy)KaT Ha BHJIETe, C8MOBHJIHTe H CaMO)I.HBHTe 38
K0He: B'h3Ce)IH8JH1 Ha XB'hpKoBaT eJieH H o6p'h)KeHH C'hC CTpeJIH, Te
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BaT Ha,ll nporracnne KJIH H3JJHTaT BHC0KO B o6JiaUHTe.
EJ1eH1>T e cJ1yra 6o)KH. ·AKo .HMa Hema rocno,n Aa c1>06nlaBa Ha
llOBeUJfTe HJIH Ha uapeTe H 60JIHpHTe, TOH npam.a HJIH CBOH attreJI, HJIH
HHKOH caeTeu. Ho TOH aHreJI M·caeTeu ce HBflBaT B o6pasa Ha eJieH. B
TOH cJiytJaH T051 eJieH e JIHtJeH_: TOi-'I HMa Ha tJeJI0TO c~ CJI'hHUe,. Ha r'hp-
JI.HTe CH MecetJ1rna, a poroaeTe MY ca cyxo 3JiaTo, KaKTO ro pHcyaar
neCHHTe:

TpH eJJeHa sJiaToporw,

Ha qeJI0 HM .HCH0 CJI'hHUe,
Ha ropJI.H HM MeceqHHa,
HAPO JI.NA Bf/PA 139
Ha nJiell.U:[ HM ,npe611 H 3Be3,n H
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C6HY, I, .}4

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H5IMa )J.a BH)lH.
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-
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H'bT ce HaMecaa B Jlll06UH ama H nace c He.SI .
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,,Ho eJieH'bT OTHBa CaMo Ha TaH K0IIIap a _._ K33Ba .l{H)l0 )KHBKO, -
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HHKor a ce CO'LIHJI C npoCT OH8H cmaoHUK (OBllap C MHOfO OBllH), Ha
a
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y6HB3JIH eJieHJ-1; B necHHTe Hap0,llHH T0.H JI0B ce HapHll a ,,e,npa JI0Ba,
B K'bI.IJ.H
cyp-eJi eHH". B KOJie,ZI.HI1Te neCHH KOJJe) lapmne ·n eHT Ha MOM'bKa
pa3Ka3 Ba KaK IOHa-
Me)l{)ly .n.pyrH HHKOH neCHH ome H Ta.SI, B KOHTO ce
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Ha IOHaKa:

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BpaHa K0HH H caM ce6e. TpeBa rrac'bJJ AereJIHHa
TH·3e Mette He M0)I{ XFaHa, Do ITJI3HHHH no py)lHHH ;
He c1>M eJieH 3a . JioaeHe; CoJI CbM JIH3aJI no KopMHJia,
He C'bM eJieH e)J.Horo)J.eu, TTo KopMHJia HJIOBapCKH;
Ho C1>M eJieH Tpoero)J.eu. Bo)J.a ITHHJI . no eaepa,
A3 C1>M eJieH or K0I.I.Iyra, ITo e3ep.a caMOBHJICKH.
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pHattr H e C6HY, I, 14; III , 11, 12; IV, 13; V, 8, 13; XII, 4; XIII, 6

H apo)J.tto r o rroaepH e pa3K33 Ba, a Hapo)J.H ara Me)J.HU HHa e np n eJia,.

Ile MJIHK0TO. Ha K0I.I.IyTaTa H por 'bT Ha eJieHa ca Jie~OBHTH.
 140 JlHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

MJJSIKOTO·Ha KowyraTa e JJeK0BHT0 cpemy pa~11HH 6onecTH, caM0

:qe MH0ro M'b'IH0 ce Ha6aB.SI. ,Ue M0)KeW ,u.a YJI0BHW K0myTa B IlJiaHHHaTa
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aKO MY ,noii,ne rocr: Be}lHara ce JIOBH H KOJIH KOK0I11Ka, CfOTB.H ce H
fOCT'bT e HarocTeH.
B Komara K8T0 xpaHa K0K0WKaTa MH0f0 Hap.H}lKO ce ynorpe6.H-
Ba - CaM0 Ha 3aroae3~H H Ha HHKOH ,npyr npa3HHqeH ,l(eH H Koraro AOH-
,ne rocr. focreHHH He M0JKe ,na ce HsnpaTH HerocreH c netJetta KOKOI11Ka.
]lpyrH CJiyllaH, Koraro KOKOI11Ka ce KOJIH H 51,lle, ca CJiytJaH
o6pe.nHH, penHrH03HH. Ha ca. YIJIHH me ce saK0JIH crapHHT nereJI H
HAPOJI.HA BflPA
145
ce ocraBH HOB 6am_a , ITO-MJia.n; Ha CTO)Kepa, KoraTo ce CB'bplllH B'bplllHT-
6aTa, KOJill ce neTeJI H ce 51.11.e; Ha caaT6a HMa cJiyqaif, Koraro ce KOJJH
neteJI HJIH KOKOlllKa Ha Kp'bCTHHKa, CTapm1, CBaT H CBata; Ha KOK0lll3
qepKB3 ce KOJIHT caMO KOKOlllKH , K3Jl.HT ce H ce H)l.aT H ow.e .np.
KoKOllIKaTa o6aqe e MHoro no-Ba:>1rna B )KHBOTa Ha ceJIHHHHa, B
o6Jiacrra Ha HeroaaTa BHpa H Heroaoto noaepHe.
K'hw.a, B KOHTO ce He Bb)l.H ra.11. H He nee ne1eJI, TaH K'bII.J.a, K33Ba
noaepHeTo, me 3anycree.
He caMO K'hm_a, HO H BCHK0 >KHJIHW.e Ha lI0BeKa - Kotuapa,.
n.oflma, i)7,p~aea, KOA~6a -- o6e3aTeJIHO TpH6aa .na HMa ra.n, T.e.
K0K0illKH C neTeJI. Han-Te>KKaTa KJieTea, KOHT0 M0>Ke .na ce H3peqe
cpelllY HHKoro, e ,,Ha K'hlll.aTa MY neteJI .na He nee".
B xpHCTHHHCKaTa PeJIHfHH K0K0llIKaTa e 06.HBeHa 33 HelJHCTa;
K0KOlllK3T3 HHKOra ce He Ka)l.H; npaBH, H3KJIIOQeHHe caM0 e,nHH Ha-
po,lleH 06pe.11., HapelleH
KOKOUl.a t{,epKBa, KOraTO Kyp6aH e H3KJIIOqHTeJI-
H0 KOK0IIIKaTa H IT0il'bT H K3)1.H.
Ho 3K0 XpHCTHHHCKaTa peJifl:rlUI H OTpeKJia MHCTO B o6pe,nHTe,.
TO Hapo,nHaTa BHpa H noeepHeTo H )l.3JIH MHoro noqerHo MHCT0.
Ha .11.06op rocr, aKo ce He 3aKOJIH KOKOllIKa H ,na ce Harocra
C netieHa K0KOllIK3, JI0lllO e 33 B K'bII.J.H.
Ha caat6a, KP'hllleHe, Ha ZOCKbe· (npH cear6.a), aKo ce He 3aKo-
JIH H ceapH KOKOlllKa - OOHKHOBeHO BapH ce II.HJia - cearoaTa, Kp'b-
meHeTO H fOCKbeTO HHMa .n.a 6b){8T( w.acTJIHBH.
Ha KOKOllla 11epKB8, 3KO HHK~ He ){OHece KOKOIIIKa 33 Kyp6aH~
B tteroBaTa K'bW.3 HHMa .na HM3 cnop H K'bCMeT.
He C3M0 KOKOlllK3T3, HO H ll3CTHTe H HMaT BJIHHHHe H 3Haqe-
HHe 33 ttOBeKa.
KoKOlll3T3 rJiaBa, a oco6eHO KOK0lllHH M03'bK, 8K0 H,ne 1.J0BeK,.
craBa r Jiynaa, oTCJia6ea naMeTra MY.
· KoKOlllH KpaKa, K~H.ro H.11.e, He MO>Ke .11.a .nnp>KH rauHa. ,,Ta
CH HJI KOKOllIH KpaK» - ce K33Ba 33 OHoroea, KOHTO He Jl.bp.>KH,.
mo MY e Ka3aHo Karo raiiHa. ,,,......
Ha KOHRKa (rpn,nHaTa KOCT) rJie,natrnre Morar .na no3H8HT. 6n.11.e-
mero Ha Knm.ara, KaKeo me 6n.11.e. (Ba6a KoHa TietKoea, c. AJITHMHp,.
Op.RXOBCKO.)
BcH'lJKO T0Ba e TIOBJIHHJIO, Ta Hapo,nHaTa BHpa e ycrpOHJia npa3-·
HeHCTBO B 11ecr Ha KOKOlllKaTa, Cnnpoeo>K,naHO,C o6pe.nH H o6Hll3H.
Korato KOKOlllKaTa nponee Kato neteJI, Toea noKa3ea, qe m.e HMa
HemacrHe e K'hlll.H. 3a ,na ce otctpaHH To, r ·pH6ea .na ce 33KOJIH ee.u.Har:1:
HJIH Il'bK )KHBa .n.a ce OTHece B 11YJKJ1.0 3eMJIHW.e, H TO B rop·a, H TaMo .11.a ce
XBopJrn: .na 6'1,.ne H3.H,neHa OT ,nHBH :>KHB0THH. C T0Ba Hem.acTHeTo ce OT-
crpaH.HB8JJO. (Ba6a AoHa, c. PaKOBHUa, KyJicKo.)
lJepHaTa KOKOlIJKa ce ynoTpe6.HB3 33 MarHH H 33 JleK. tJepHaTa
KOKOlllKa He ce rJie,na ,no6pe oT noaep11ero; B Heff HMaJIO He'llHCT JlYX.
B lJ€CT Ha KOKOlllaTa 6oJieCT Mpama ce KOJIH Kyp6aH qepHa KOKOlll-
I<a. ITepylllHHaTa•, rJiaBaTa , ~eA7J07JK'bm OT TaH KOKOlllKa te'. CKpHBaT

10
146 JlHMHToP MAPHHOB

aa JI,eK cpemy Jiollla 6oJiecr H cpemy naxycHre, KOHTO Hana}laT Ha po-

.II.HTeJ1Ka >KeHa.
KoKOlllKara craaa KB a 11 K a (KAO'lKa), Koraro JlOH}le BpeMe
,II.a MbTH.
AKo Kea11Kara yMpe Ha Hiiuara, BHpBaHero Hapo.nno YTB'hP*JlaBa,
'le TH e y.napeHa OT Jiaxycure; c nepyriIHHaTa Ha TaKaBa yMpHna KBa'lKa
ce JieKyBa }l(eHa 11axyca, T. e. pOJlHTeJIKa, KOHTo e y.llapeHa oT naxy-
CHTe - He'lHCTHTe .n.yxoee.
AKO KB311KaTa 6.sira OT HHUaTa CH H He Jie}l(H .n.a fH M'bTH, noBe-
pHeTo YTBbp>K,llaBa, qe TaKaBa KB3'lK3 e OM3fbOC3Ha. ,Ua 6'b,lle 3ana-
3eHa OT T3KHB3 M3fHH, ome Koraro SI ca,llHT .n.a M'bTH, B'bplliaT ce HHKOH
o6pe.nH _H OOH'laH Ha.ll HHUaTa. (6a6a Caaa, c. 6HJia CnaTHHa.)
TTHJieTaTa, oco6eHO qepHHTe, Hrpa.HT poJUl B M3fHHTe H B Hapo.n-
HaTa MeJlHUHHa. (6a6a 8'bJIK3H3, C. J1HT3KOBO.)
Ha MOMqe ce no.n.apHB3 C3MO IlHJie, H TO IleTJie, a Ha MOMH'lle-
Hp.11HUa. Toea HM3 3Ha'lleHHe 33 pa3nJIOJlHB3HeTO Ha KOKOllJKHTe.
(6a6a Mopcpa, c. ,UepeKbOH.)
51 p K a e >KeHCKO IlHJie, KOeTO Be'lle ce MOMee, T. e. 6JIH30 e .n.a
HOCH Hiiua. ,,K'bCa KoKowKa 3aMaH Hp11uua" - e nocnoeuua, KOHTo ce
K33B3 Ha .>KeHa MJI3,llOJIHK3.
·AKo C'hHyeaw, 11e B K'blllH . HMa Kaa11Ka c nuJieHua - JlOOpe e;
me HMa B K'bIUH npH.ll06HB roJIHM.
AKo KOJIHW KbKOlllKa - 6'hp3 xa6ep me TH JlOHJle.
AKO H,llelli ne11etta K0KOWKa - rpH}l(3 H CKp1>6.
A1<0 KOKOlllKa cuena 'Hiiua - KJieBeTa. (6a6a EJIKa, c. l.JynpeHe,
. Benorpa}l'lHlliKO, 6a6a 8'bJIKaHa, c. J1HT3KOBO, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a
JI.ecrr3, c. ,UepeM3XJie, K03'bJI3ra11Ko.)
fl e T e .,1 'b T 33eM3 MHOfO B3-:>l<HO MHCTO B'bB BHpaTa H3pO}lH3
H B nosep HeTo.
TieTeJI'bT ce B'bJlH KOJIKOTO 33 p33IlJIO,llHBaHe Ha KOKOlliKHTe,
TOJTKO H 33 HeroBOTO 3HalleHHe B H3pOJlH8T3 BHp3 .
HHe K333XMe no-rope, qe KbI.JJ.a, KOJIH6a, Kowapa H BCHK0 MHCT0,
,nero -IIOBCK ce )'CT3H0BHBa )la >KHBee, M3Kap H HHK0JIKO Meceua, 6e3
neTen He 61rn3, 3am0To e nowo. KbI.JJ.aTa H KOJIH6aTa me 3anycTee, a
K0W3p3, K3KT0 H .l\pyro cenmue 6e3 neTeJI me 60,l\e H3Il3Jl3H0 oT JI0lllH
,nyxoae 1:1 uaeeTH,. TTeTeJI'bT na3H >KHBYlll.HTe B THH MecTa. OTTaMo e H
41
HaH-Te>KKaTa KJieTBa: ·,,neTeJI .n.a TH He nee B K'b1UH - 3H311H .ll.3
onycree.
TipH 6aHuero cpemy HHK0H 6oJieCT 33K.TJHH3HHeTo, KOeTo npaBH
6aH11Kara, e: ,,Jla u,l\ern B nycTH ropH THJIHJieiicKH, ,l\eTo neTeJI He
nee!" - K33Ba ce Ha 6onecTTa.
HeMa Ky11e, 6a6o, ,l\a nponaH,-
HeMa neTen, 6a6o, .na nponee -
Ka3ea M0M11ero B e,nua neceH 33 qyMaTa, KoHro, npecTopetta ita 6a6u11-
xa, ce)J.SIJJa B'bH OT ceJIOT0 KpaH KJia,lleHeua H IlHTana M0M'leTO·CHpa11e,
/fAPOJJ.H A B>TPA 147
Koero ce ap 0 maJio .noMa CH OT ryp6eT. (CpB. C6HY, XIII, 120, Oxpu.n.)
nere~'hT e He.noceraeM 3a HHKaKBH JI0llJH .nyxose. HanpoTHB,
THH JJ0WH .nyxos·e 6HraT OT r Jiaca Ha neTe.11a. Horn.'Ho speMe Te 6opasHT
caMo .uo.neTo noneHT neTJIHTe . fl7,peu nemAu e speMe, KoraTo scHqKH
JI0lliH ,nuxaHHH -ca no6HrHaJIH H 'lf0BeK MO)Ke }la H3Jla3H H3 K'bI.I.lH, a
M0)Ke H )la TpofHe 1-1a IT'bT. (Cps. npuKa3KaT a a )K. cTap. I, 39.)
TTeTeJI'bT Mo>l<e .na npe.ncKa3a a. AKo nee Ha npara - 3H31JH me
HH ,nofl.ne rocT. 3aToBa, KoraTo noqHe·)la nee, ceJIHHKaTa Ka3aa: ,,neu,
neTJJJO, neA1 AKo e .no6op rocT, neA MH naK!" H aKo neTeJI'hT nos-ropu
..na nee, Tosa noKa3Ba, qe rocT'bT e )l06op .
Be1.1epHO speMe, aKo neTJlHTe IlO'IHaT }la neHT, TOBa noKa3Ba, qe
speMeTo me ce pa3BaJIH: JieTe - me saJIH )l'b>KJl, a 3HMe - me HMa
cttHr H BHe.1rnua. (Ba6a AoHKa, c. PaKosuua, KyJicKo, 6a6a BbJIKaHa,
c ..JlnTaKoso, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a Mopcpa, c . .llepeKhOH, Ko3'hJiaratI Ko.)
nere.'l'bT e 38CT'bileH B MH0f0 o6pe.u.H I{ o6uqaH KaT0 .>KepTaa.
Ha cs. HnHH ce KOJIH cTapm1T neTeJI KaTo Kyp6aH Ha cs. HJIHH.
ITO"HP. CB'bprnBaHeTo Ha B'bpll1HT6a qepseH neTeJI ce KOJIH Ha
CT0)Kepa KaTO .>KepTBa Ha HHBaTa, Ha TIJIOJl0po.zmeTo.
Ha CBaT6a MOM'bK'bT 3aHHCa 11epseH neTeJI' yKpaceH C KHTKH H
BeHUH, B llOMa Ha MOMaTa.
Ha KOK0llla qepKsa BCHKa Koma me OTHece qepseH neTeJI Hacpe.u.
ceJJoTo, ,neTo ce npaBH o6ma ce.TJcKa Tpane3a. Tall KOKorna 11epKsa e
o6pe.u. B 11ecT Ha HHBHTe, Ha nJio}lopo.u.ueTo. (Ba6a Bop6a, c. PeceH,
TopHOBCKO, 6a6a na.u.a, naHar10pm u.e, 6a6a noHa , c. llJunKa. Cps.
C6HY, XII, 138, TTpHJ1en.) .
ITeTJIOBHTe nepa Ha onarnKaTa ca CJIY.>KHJIH HHK0ra , na }lHeCKa
H
CJiy.>KaT Ha MOMHTe 33 yKparneHHe . C T.HX ce KHTHJIH, 3amOTo TH.ff nepa
fH naseJJH OT ypoKH, OT JIOIIJa cpema, OT MafHH HOT JIOIIJH .u.yxose.
B npHKa3KHT e neTeJI'hT ce HB.HBa MHOfO 'leCTO H Hrpae BCHKora
cspoxecTecT,eeHa poJIH cpemy JiouniTe .u.yxose.
Ha IlH.TJUH , KOHTO ce H3M'bTB8T Y HfO}lH, T. e. eceHHO BpeMe,
tiepynK HTe OT .HHUaTa Ha}lHBaT Ha npbqKa H fH CK'hTBaT' Ta C THX
JieKyBaT IlHJIUHTe H KOK0IIJKHTe, KOfaTO ce IlOHBH no THX 6oJieCT.
YnoTpe6JIHBaT r 11 H 3a .u.pyr usip. (6a6a .Map1rn C1rn-K0Hos a, c. Ma-
JiopaT, OpHxoecKo . )
8 IlOJiora Ha K'OKOllJKHTe, }leTO HOCHT HHUa, He 6HBa }lace 6opKa
'Bellep IlOCJie 33XO}l CJl'bHUe, a TaKa H B qeTBbpT'bK , aamoTO KOKOllJKHTe
rue cmp'beam siffuaTa, T.e. HHMa .u.a H0CHT Ha noJiora, a no )lBopm11.aTa.
)l(eHa He MO)Ke .u.a KOJIH KOKOllJKa, 3amOTo e JIOllJO H 33 .>KeHaTa,
H 3a KomaTa. H3KJfJOqeH He ce npaBH Ha MpaTa, KoraTo 11epHOTO IlHJie
HJIH 11epttaTa K0KOllJKa TpH6aa )la· 60.u.e 38KJiaHa 5'T
)KeHa, H TO OT HaH-
CTapaTa B K'bllJ.H .>KeHa - cseKbpsaTa HJIH HaH-CTapaTa CHaxa.
AKo Cottyaarn, 11e cn yJioBHJI neTeJI - npHJl06Ha. AKo 11yern Ha
C'bH, qe ·neTeJI nee - xa6ep OT JlOM8lllHH (aKO CH B CTpaHCTBO) HJIH OT
JJ.06'bp np HHTeJI. (6a6a BoJIKaHa , c. JIHTaKOBO.)
148 ,aHMHT7'P MAPRHOB

6) fl y HK a, r 'b C K a, IT a T H U a (nJJOBKa)

THH ,llOMalllHH IlTHUH He 3HM8T yqacTHe B peJJHrH03--

HHTe o6H'llaHH o6pe.llH, o6aqe B noaepHeTo ce €pew.aT.
IlaTHUa (nA06Ka) He 6HBa ,na M'hTH CBOHTe .Hiiua. IlJJoBllHTe .ffHUa
M'hTH KOKOillKa. AKO HffK'b,lle HHKOH ITJIOBKa M'bTH CBOHTe HlfUa, TOBa
e JIOIJJ 3HaK - w.e yMpe HHKOH B K'hIUH. B TaK'hB cny11aii naTHUaTa C
MaJIKHTe CH TpH6Ba ,na ce OTHece B H.ffKOH ropa H TaM ,na ce XB'hp ..1H~
3a ,na H H3H,naT '11..HBH 3Bepoae. (Ba6a IleHa PHcroaa,. c. CTy6eJJ, KyT-
JIOBCKo.)
IlaTHUaTa, Kora we JierHe ,na M'bTH .ffHUaTa CH,. TH rH HOCH HHK'b-
,ne H3 'Jl.BOpa H8 CKpHillHO MH.C TO H HHKOH 01' ,noMaIUHHTe He MO>Ke ,ll.a
yceTH, ,no,lleTO He H3M'bTH HHUaTa H H3Be,ne MaJIKHTe. MHoro IT'bTH
TaKaBa naTHUa OTHB8 B'bH OT K'bW.H, B C'hce,nHa K'hlll,a HJJH B ,npyro ,qy>K-
,no MHCT0. (Ba6a BnJlKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO,. 6a6a flonKa~
c. PaKOBHUa, KyJtcKo.)
MoMHTe ce KHTHT C nepaTa Ha ITJIOBbKa (naTOKa),KOHT O pacTaT
Ha onalllKaTa H ca KpHBH; TH.ff nepa ce HapH118T Kpueeu,. ToH -KpHBeu,.
K8KTO H neTJIOBHTe rrepa, na3H MOMaTa OT ypoKH, OT JIOilla cpewa, OT
HanpaTeHo, oT MarHH u oT JIOillH ,nyxoae. (Ba6a EnKa, e. l.JynpeHe~
6eJiorpa.n.11HlllKo, 6a6a IleHa PHcToaa, c. CTy6eJI, KyT11oacKo.)
KoraTo eceHHO BpeMe Il011H8T-,ll.a XB'bpllaT f'bCKHTC, .TOBa IIOKa3Ba~
qe 3HMa-ra H~6.r1H.>Kaea. (Ba6a ,llparaHa Toqoaa, c. MapalllKH TpncTe-
HHK ,)

B) Ila y Ii

IlayH'h'.1' cera He e '11..0MalllHa IlTHUa; HHKOra

06a1.1e
H3fJie>K,lla ,na ce pa3B'b>K,ll.3Jl MHOfO, 3aW.OTO MHpro e Il03HaT Ha Hapo,ZI.-
HaTa BHpa H Ha Hap0.llHHTe rreCHH.
TiayH'hT ce pa3B'h>K,naJI B 6oJIHpCKHTe ,naopoae H 0TTaM B K0Jie,nHH-
Te 6 ..1arocJI0BHH: ·
,lla ce HOCH H IT0'Jl..H0CH,
Kaxo nayH no 6011.HpCKH ,naopH.
B CBaT6apCKHTe, KOJle'll.HHTe H M0MHHCKHTe neCHH nayH'bT MH0fO
ce Cil0MHHR, "MHOfO ce B'b3Il}tBa. Toii ce Cil0MHH.ff KaTo ITTHUa xy6aaa
H BeJ1Hqaaa, a cnoMHHH ce H 3apa,zr.H nepaTa CH.
B rrecHHTe ce Ka3Ba, 11e BCHKora nayHOBHTe nepa ca npe,nnot1H-
TaH~ 6HnH npeJJ. JJ.pyrH nepa, ynoTpe6JIHBaHH 3a yxpameHHe; ,nopH ca
6HBaJIH xyrryBaHH. BHpaTa H noaepHei'o Ka3BaT, qe H nayH0B0T0 nepo
npe)1.na3Ba MOMaTa H HeBecTaTa OT ypoKH, OT MaI'HH, OT Hara3eHo H
JIOillH ,nyxoae.
,U.o,neTo ,npyrHTe nepa IlTH11H ca HOCHJIH C8MO MOMHTe, TO nayHo-
BHTe ca e,nHO OT yKpaweHHHTa Ha HeBeCTHHCK0T0 6yno. OTTaM nayuo-
B0TO nepo ce '11..HPHJI0 MH0f0.
HAPO~ HA BJIPA 14~
nee ce:

CHTHa poca pod,,

CHTHa Ta cty,Aeea:
·.Jlpe6Ha T.peBa paC're,
flayH MK H naoe.
nepaTa MY KanaT,
MoMHTe rH 6epaT.,
Ta fH KHTKH KHTHT,
ll<.HTKH 3a XHJIH,AO.,
flepo 3a 'CTOTH-Ha.

C6HY, XV, 15, .N'!! 2, HeapoxoncKo

MHJIH MOH .neireT •CecTpHI

KHTHTe ne MH raiiTaHhe?
'CBHB3Te Jie MH ·CBHJIHa py6a?
KynHXTe JJe .MH nayH nepo,
TiayH nepo JJa3apHllKO?
C6HY, V, 2-1

OrryK ce BH}K,na KOJIKO ce u.eH~JIO nayHOBOTO nepo; TO ce .D.OpH

IIJ)O.ZJ.3B3JJO 33 napH., KoeTo IlOK33Ba, qe nayH-flTHUa e 6HJI J)H.Zl'bK.
B neCHHTe nayH'hT ce CilOMHH.ff, qe TOH ce JIOBHJI KaTO JIOB no
ropHTe oT HallIHT.e :6omrpH He roTseH Ha ro36a H cnaraH Ha u.apcKa H
6onHpcKa Tpane3a .

.Ua OTH.Zle. y ropa 3eJieHa,

)la YJIOBH ,D.Ba ·CHBH nayHH,
JI.a yroTBH .K.p.aJI.bOBa ae11ep.H.
C6HY. XIII, 64., Cog>Hiicxo

,llaJIH H3HCTHH3 nayHH e HMaJIO B H3llIHTe ropH, HJlH TyKa ce

_CDOMHH.ff 33 .npyra IlTHUa, npHJIH11Ha na nayH, HHKOH He MO}Ka .na MU
06.SJCHH. J,f3rJie}K,lla, qe TYK no.n ,nyMaTa ,,cH~H naym-1'' ce pa3(h1pa ..llPY·
-r a npe:1ertta nn1u.a., tHanpHMep .D.HB neTe.'1 ·c JlHBa KOKOllIKa HJIH nbK
H3BeCTHaTa ){Hee npeJieTHa IlTHU.3 6eKac. '
B o6pet{H1le H ,pe.r.arH03HH1e o6H113H nayHbT He ce CilO\tHHH" ,
" T aKOBa nayH-IlHJ ie K3U.H3JIO Ha
B neCHHTe ce HapHlla ome ,,nayH-lIH Jle .
-60JI.S1p-Tiaan.oaa .JlBO:pH H ro not{KaH.H Aa OTHAe Ha CaeToropcKH MaHa-
CTHp , KaKBOTo -ce 6HJI o6emaJJ, a oTnaraJI Aa H3Il'hJIHH. (C6HY, II,
12, N2 15~ I II., 6, N2 4.)
B ·CBaT6eHH'Iie Il&HH MJl3,!lO}KeHHK'bT ce onpHJHfllaBa Ha nay H, a
6yJI.KaTa Ha nayHHu.a :

Ilay.tt HJ.Jie, nayiHMa ao.zur.

150 /ZHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Hac'hH aKo BH.ztHW nayH - .zr.o6po e.

AKO YJIOBHW riayH - MOM'bK w.e HCKa M0MaTa HJlH M0MaTa J.U.e
npHcTaHe 3a MOM'bKa; H3o6w.o .zr.o6po e.
. AKO MOMaTa ce KHTH Ha C'bH c 11ayH0B0 nepo - .zr.o6po e, 1:1.le
Il0JIY'IH 'leCT. (Ba6a BoJJKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBp, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a necna~
c. .UepeMaxJJe, Ko3'bJ1ara11Ko.)
HMa co6c-TBeHH HMeHa TTayH, ITayHa.

r) f 'b J1 'b 6, r 'b JI 'b 6 H U a

f'hJJ'b6'bT e .lJ.OMaIIJHa 11THUa, HO He ce pa3B'b~a OT

ceJJHHHTe; TOH e H3BecTeH noaeqe KaTO )lHBa 11THila H ce HapHqa ,,AHB
roJI'h6''.
f'hJIW'bT, KaKTO H na)'H'bT ca pa3B'b}K,llaJIH 6oJIHpHTe; nocJie TOH e
pa3B'b}K,llaH 110 TypcKHTe KYJIH, 110 qepKBHTe, no BO.zteHHUHTe. CeJIHHHH
roJI'b6H He B'h,llH. Toaa ce .lJ.'hJDKH ua 11oaepHeTo, 11e K'hW.a, .zr.eTo ee pa3-
B'bJK,ZlaT r'hJI'b6H, HaH-HaKpaff 3anycTHBa.
B 11ecHHTe r'hJI'b6'bT ce Cl10MHHH c el1HTeTa nCHB-6HJI f'bJIW".
(C6HY, 11, 3; IV, 8, N2 12.)
TaK'bB CHB-6HJI r'hJI'b(> H3BeCTHBa Ha uapH, 'le uapcTB0T0 MY Ule
11pona.zr.tte:

ITo.zr.xa'LpKHaJIH .zt.Ba r'hJI'b6H,

.Usa ro.n'h6H, ,llBa attreJJH.
KauHaJIH ca Ha uapt:.oaH,
Ha uaph0BH 11eMIIJHP nopTH.
Pa3T'bpCH.iIH CHBH nepua,
1-faT'bpCHJIH 6HJIO KHH}Ke,
BHJIO .KHH}Ke 'lepHO CJIOBO.
Jfa c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a .llecna. Cps. C6HY. IV, 8, N~ 12; AT. Jin. M 65

f'bJI'b6'bT ce Cl10MHHH H a csaT6apCKHTe neCHH, .zteTo MOM'bK'bT

ce onpHJIHqasa tta r'hJJ'h6a, a 6yJIKaTa Ha r'hJIWHUaTa;
f'bJJ'b6 H,lle, r'hJI'b6Hua B0.ztH.
B csaroapCKHTe neCHH cpew.aMe o6pe.zr.eH CBaT6apCKH XJIH6, H3-
r
aecTeH Il0,ll. HMeTo 2'lJA'lJ6HUK (eaAa6HuK) .. 'bJI'b6'bT ce 3HMa Ka To o6pa-
3eU Ha 11JI'bTHa IIHCTOTa, Ha C'bnpy}KeCKa BHpHOCT H 11pHB'bp38HOCT.
AKo YJJOBHIII r'h.rt'h6 Ha C'bH - .zr.o6po e.
AKo r'hJ11>6H M'hTHT B K'hlll.H - rpH}Ka. (Ba6a BoJJKaHa, c. JIHTa-
K0B0, OpxaHHHCKO.)
MMa co6cTaeHo HMe f'hJJ'h6 .
HAPQP.HA BJlPA 151
BTOPA fPYnA ..Ul1BH IlTHI..(11

.LlHBHTe IlTHUH, K0HTO BJIH33T B Hapo,nHaTa BHpa M

noaepHeTo, KaKTO H B HHK0H peJIHfH03HH 06HqaH ca CJJe)lHHTe:

a) 0 p e .11

B Hapo.nHaTa BHpa H noaepHeTo opeJI'ht 3aeMa

MH0r0 Ba)l<H0 MHCT0.
)la H3JIH-
OpeJI'bT e e)lHHCTBeH OT >KHBHTe C'hll.leCTBa, KO.HTO MO>Ke
33' rope )l0 o6JiaUHTe B ropHHH CBHT H )la CJIH38 )l0Jie, B )l0JIHHSI CBSIT.
H3Il0)l 3eMSITa. Toil >KHBee B o6JiaUHTe H no BHC0KHTe nJiaHHHCKH He-
npHCT'bDHH Bopxoae, a lla 3eMHTa CJJH3a CaMO KoraT0 ll.le ce HaxpaHH-
Bo.na nue rope B nJiaHHHCKHTe e3epa.
OpeJI'hT npe.nao>K)la o6JiauuTe; TOH ·ce u 6ue c THX.
B KOHTO C'hH0p HMa opeJI, T3M0 rpa.n He 6He, 38ll.l0TO opeJI'bT He
,Zlaaa; KaTo ce 3a,na.ne o6JiaK c rpa.n, opeJI'hT H3JIHTBa rope, 6m~ ce c
06.11aKa u ro oTKapaa Ha .npyra cTpaHa. Dopa.nu Toaa HapO.llHaTa·aHpa
3a6paH~Ba .na ce y6uaa opeJI; noaepueTo 3annawaa,lle KOHTO y6ue
opeJI, TOH ifJIH ocaKaT.SIBa, unu ce pa360JIS1Ba, HJIH ce cny1rna Hemo
Jiowo y .ll0Ma My. (Ba6a EnKa, c. qynpeHe, 6a6a.Llecna, c . .LlepeMaxJie.)
C'hll.lO MHOro JIOWO e 38 IIOBeKa, KOHTO H)le Ta pa3B8JIH rHe3.IJ.0TO
Ha ope:n: HJIH MY 3eMe HHUaTa.
. HapO,llHaTa BHpa pa3K83B8, qe open HHKOra He OCTap.Siaa; .lJ.OH)le
JIH ,ZlO CTapocT,· TOH OTHBa TaM Ha KpaH CB.SIT, .n.eT0 HMa e3epo C >KHBa
BO.Ila H ce OK'hriBa B He.SI. KaJO ce OK'hne, TOH craaa MJia.IJ.. (Ba6a BH.n.a,
c. CTaKhOBUH, Benorpa.IJ.IIHWKO, 6a6a Mop(f>a, c . .LlepeKbOH, Kn3'hJI-
aratJKo, 6a6a .LloHa; c. lliunKa.)
Opnm.1.ara CHaCHJia e)lHO .SIHUe H H3M'bTBaJia e,AH0 IlHJie; T0Ba DH-
JJe e H3H8llaJJo C Kp'bCT lfa rop)lHTe, oTTaM H B neCHHTe ce nee 38 Kp'b-
CTaT0 opJie (C6HY, I, 53), oTTaM ce cnoMHHHT H opnu-KpocTallH.
TaKoa~ opJie e H3BeCTHJIO Ha uap KocTa)lHH, qe u.apcraoTo MY
me npona,nHe:

IlpHna.nHaJia T'l>MH8 M'hrJia

Ha.n uapb0BH paBHH )lBOpH . .
Cpe.n MorJiaTa MaJIK0 opJie,
To CH TpenTH C )l.ffCH0 Kp'HJIO.
Ta H3T'bpCH 6HJIO KHH>Ke,
. 6HJIO KHH>Ke, qepHO IlHCM0,
113 c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a .Uecna. C6HY, VII, 12/15

HaWHTe 6oJIHpH HSIKora ca OilHT0MHBaJIH H o6yqaBaJIH 3a JI0B Ta-

KHBa opJIH, C KOHT0 JI0BHJIH Il-THUH.

MapKO He llle COKOJI .na CH aeMe,

J-52 J!HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Hano yae Kp'bcTaTo opneHue.

BcHTe WaTKH Ha ){HO ca
na.l{HaJIH.
C6HY, III, 103, Co4>HikKo

Ha :>KHB0Ta Ha 0pJIHTe HapO.l{HHTe CBe,l{eHHH ca TaKHBa.

HMa ){Ba BH.lla opnH: 6enH H t1epHH. 6eJ1HTe opnH ce Ka3BaT
6a6a, a t1epHHTe - K03eyH; o6moTo Ha3BaHHe 06a11e e 6 H n o p e JI,
q epe H ope .TJ • .
XpaHH ce C M'bpllla, a rpa6H H }KHBH ar'hHUa, HpeTa, 33HUH,. 3MHH
lH K0CTeHypKH. BeJIHHT open ce xpaHH caM0 C M'bpllla, 3aToBa e MHoro
flOJie3eH, a qepHIUIT rpa6H ar'hHI.(a H HpeTa H C TOBa HaHaCH Bpe~a.
KoraTo rpa6He >KHBOTHOTO, opeJI'bT ro 0THaCH )1.aJieqe Ha nJlaHH-
HaTa HJIH B CKaJIHTe H TaMO ro ·H)1.e; )1.O)1.eTO XB'bplIH C >KHBOTHOTO,
TOH rJie)1.a )1.a ro yMopTBH c KJIIOHa cH: HJIH MY npo61-1ea rnaaaTa, HJIH
ro H3Top6yrnea. KoraTO rpa6He KOCTeHypKa, TOH H H3)1.Hra BHCOKO H
oTTaMo H nycKa Ha seMHTa H KoraTo ce npocne 11epynKaTa if, TOH H
DOBTOpHO noeMa H IlOCJie H H)1.e. .
KoraTO rpa6He 3MHH, TOH C KJ110Ha CH H n'poK'bJIBa rJiaBaTa. AKO
TOBa He ycnee, H HeH nycKa Ha 3eMHTa OTBHCOKO H )1.O)1.eTO e Olll.e aame-
MeTeHa, TOH ce cnycKa H H YM'hpTBSIBa. Ho BCHKora TOH JIOB Ha opeJia
He MHHaBa 6e3 6op6a. IloHHKOra 3MHHTa ce YBHBa 0KOJIO H03eTe MY H
opeJI'bT B0)1.H ~ HeH >KeCTOKa 6op6a B'bB B'b3)1.yxa, )1.0,IleTO H Ha,!J.BHe;
JtMaJIO e CJIYllKH, KOraTO 3MliHTa ycnHBa ,!J.a MY npeqynH CBHpKHTe.
Toraaa opeJI'hT na,!J.a. Ho TOBa cTaaa MHoro pHJJ.KO - Ka3aa .l{HJJ.O
ll.aKo OT c. KoJIH6HTe, KaMeH JJ.0JI, KOHTO Be,!J.H'h>K e Ha6JI10)1.aBaJI TaKa-
ea 6op6a Me>KJJ.Y e.zurn roJIHM CMOK H e,nHH opeJI·.
,,Ha KOHTO CTpaHa 3atuecmam (3aBHHT) opJIH - TaMO HMa M'bp-
ma" - e IlOCJIOBHUa 3a OHH.H HalllH rpa6HTeJIH, KOHTO JieniT H ce
cTpyneaT TaMo, )1.eTo HMa KeJienHp. ,
HalllHTe HHKora HHOUH, nonoBe H rpaMaTHUH, KOHTO ca IlHCaJIH
KHHrHTe, ynoTpe6HBaJIH ca opJI0BH nepa; KOHTO e HMaJI opJIOBO nepo,
Toi% ce e rop)1.eHJI.
llpyr o6peJJ. HJIH 06H11ail B qecT Ha opeJia He cpelll.a ce.
AKo C'hHyBa qoaeK opeJI .-- )1.o6po e, npH)1.o6na me HMa. AKo yJio-
Bli O peJI - fOJISIM npH,!1.06HB H .zto6pH BeCTH. AKO C'hHyeam, qe opeJI
Te Ha na)1.a - Jiomo e. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. JhnaKoao, OpxaHHHCKo.)

6) CO KO JI
CoKOJI'bT e B'b3TIHT KaTo IOHalllKa IlTHUa B HalllHTe
10HaIIiKH necHH. CoKOJI'hT e Hepa3)1.eJieH .llpyrap Ha IOHaUHTe, Ha aoiiao-
1

,nHre, Ha· 6oJIHpHTe; a TOH cJiyqafl TOH ce HapH'Ia ,,CHB-6.HJI COKOJI".

(C6HY, IX, 81.)
HalllHTe 6onHpH, BOHBO)J.H H IOHaUH ca ro 0ilHTOMHBaJIH H o6y-
qaaaJIH, Ta c Hero ca JI0BHJIH ,,)J.pe6Ha JIOBa, ,npe6Ha JI'0Ba Hpa6HUH,
si:pa6KU1t npenepHUH".
 HA PO.QHA BJIPA 153
B noeepHeTo coKOJI'bT ce pHcyaa KaTo aecTHTeJI Ha 6ora. Kora·
TO e HMaJI ,ZJ.a npama HHKaKBa BeCT Ha uapH HJIH Ha HHKOH CHJieH 6oJI.H-
pHH~ TOH npamaJI IlHCMO no ,,CHB-6.HJI COKOJI", a MHOfO p.H.ZJ.KO no ,,CHB·
6HJI T'bJI1>6". .
3a HameTO IlOJIHTHlleCKO KpymeHI-re fOCilO.ZJ. e H3BeCTHJI uap
Acemo, K3TO npaTHJI ,,6.HJIO KHH>Ke, 11epHO IlHCMO" no ,,c1m-6HJI COKOJI".

3aBHJI ce CHB-6HJI COKOJI, HH ce .ZJ.Hra, HH ce CJiara.

3aBHJI ce e 3amecTapHn,
Ha.ZJ. uapbOBH paBHH .ZJ.BOpH,
HH· · ce ,llHra, HH ce cJiara.
CorJie,naJIH ro u.aphOBHTe,
napbOBHTe 110X3,Zl3pH,
Ta CH u.aplO nporoeap.HT:
Ou Te Te6e, u.apb Acette!
3aBHJI ce e CHB-6.HJI COKOJI,
Ha,Zl uapbOBH paBHH .ZJ.BOpH.
CTaea TPH .ZJ.HH KaK ce BHe.
l13JIH3'bJI e uapb Acette,
L{a CH BH.ZlH CHB-OHJJ coKOJI.
3amecTapH CHB-6HJI COKOJI ,
Da,ZlHa uapIO Ha KOJIHHO.
Ta paanepH .llHCHO KPHJIO,
11 H3T'bpCH 6.HJI O KHH>Ke,
BHJIO KHH>Ke 11epHO IlHCMO,
lJepHO IlHCMO, CHTHO IlHCMO.

1-13 c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a .Uecna, c • .UepeMaxne. Cps. sapHaHTH B MHJl

. C6HY, XII, 3, 2, l; AT. Mn., N2 105, 69, . 110
.N263;

B neCHHTe MOM'bK'bT ce onpHJIHllaBa Ha COKOJI, a MOMaTa Ha

.zepaKUHR, T. e. >KeHCKa COKOJIHUa:

Oil L{oti11HHe, MOH coKoJiel

TH CH cTa~a CHB-OHJI coKoJI,
A3 CH CTaHax Il'bCTpa repaKHHH.
C6HY, VII , 21, Pa3rpaAcKo

B C8aT6apcKHTe neCHH MJia,ZlO>KeHHK'bT ce HMeHyBa ,,COKOJI", a

HeBeCTaTa ,,repaKHHH":

CoKOJI H,Zle, repaKHH.H BO,ZlH.

['bJI'b6 H,Zle, f'bJl'b6HI..(a BO,ZlH
C6HY, II, 64, N2 24, KpaToso
AKO MOM'bK'bT C'bHyBa, qe e XBaHaJI COKOJI - m.e 3eMe MOMa ,
l<OHTO Hlll,e Copuero MY.
AKO MOMa C'bHyBa COKOJI _. me 3eMe M'b>K, KOfOTO 06Hlla.
AKo y6Hem coKoJI - npu,no6Hs.
11Ma co6craeHH HMeHa : CoKoJI, CoKOJIHHa, Ct:>Koneu. nJiaHHHa.

B) lU 'b p K, III. 'b p Ke JI

• IUopK'hT e xa.ZJ.>KHH, noKJIOHHHK, H To roJUIM no-

KJIOHHHK, 33IIJ.OTO BCHKa fO,ll.HHa onrna Ha Xa,ll.>KHJl'bK H ce Bpou.r.a OT·
73MO.
 I( H M H T 'b P M A P H H O B .

lllopKoT )KHBee .z:r.aJieKo, TaMo 6JJH30 .z:r.o Kpau CB.RT.

lllopK'bT e qoeeK, HO ee,AH'h:H< MHoro corpewHJI Ha 6ora H rocno..1t
ro HaK333JI. naJI MY ,Aa HOCH Ha rop6a CH e,AHH fOJIHM C3H,A'hK DO fiOJIH-
Te Ha e.z:r.Ha BHCOKa nJiaHHHa, KaT0 MY ,3ap'h'13JI .z:r.a He nocMee .z:r.a OTB0pH
~anaKa. Ha e.nuo M.ffCTO C83JIHJI caH,A'hKa .z:r.a CH OT0O'IHHe H OT JJIOOO-
IlHTCTBO OTBOpHJI C3H,ll'bKa .z:r.a BH,AH IUO HMa B'hTpe; K3T0 0TB0pHJI 33-
XJiynaKa, TyTaKCH H3Jle3JIH H3 Hero 3MHH, ryIUepH H :H<a6H H ce pa3-
np'bCH3JIH. Toraea rocno.z:r. ro HanpaeHJI IU'bpK H MY KaaaJJ, qe IUe craue
qoeeK, Koraro C'b6epe 0THOBO B C3H,A'hKa H36.RrHaJIHTe 3MHH, ryIUepH H
)Ka6H. Ero aamo TOH UHJIO JIHT0 ce m.ypa H3 6JiaTHCTHTe Mecra H C'b6H-
pa 3M.HU, ryIUepH H :H<a6H. (6a6a EJIKa, c. qynpette, 6a6a Caea·-'Hea-
HOBHUa, c. 6.RJia CJiaTHHa. Cpe. npHKa3Kara e )I(. crap., I, 10.)
Cnope.A ,npyr pa3Ka3 Ha HapoJJ.HOTo noeepie IU'hp.1<.cEere H cer
ca 'IOBeUH, HO qoeeuu ca TaMO Ha MHCTOTO CH; HO T3MO He MoraT >KeH
CKHTe ,na pa:H<,nar - TaKa e orpe,llHJI r~cno,n, Ta ,noxo>K,nar y Hae )la
pa:H<JJ.aT H Toraea ce epoIUaT. focno.n e oTpe.AHJI npH Hac )la .A0X0>K,llaT
npecTopeHH Ha IUopKoee.
KoraTo JJ.OH,lle npoJieT, re oTHeaT, Ta ce OK'hnear e HHKaKno
eaepo H Toraea cTaear Ha IU'bpKoee. KoraTo ,noH,AaT npH Hac H H3M'bTHT
H OTrJie,naT MaJIKHTe CH, eceHH ce Bp'bIUaT naK TaMo. Karo CTHfHaT TaM
Te ce 0K'bneaT e .npyro e3epo H craeaT Ha tJoeeuu. (6a6a BoJIKatta
c. JlHraKoeo, 6a6a ,llecna, c. ,llepeMaxJie. Cpe. C6HY, VII, 193
Ilp HJien.) ·
Tip,HKa3B3 ce, qe e,AHH MOM'bK, K3TO no6Hru:aJI OT 6ama CH,
CKHT3JI ce H3 aeM.R B 3eMH H no e)lHO tJY.AO CTHfHaJI :e 3eM.HTa Ha IU'bp-
KOBeTe. CTHrHaJI, HO He MO:H<aJI .na ce eopHe. KoraTo rn.opKoeere
.TporHaJIH 33 HaWaTa aeMH, H TOH TporHaJI C T.RX, Karo ce OK'bll3JI B
11y,nH0To e3epo H cTaHaJI Ha IU'bpK. Ho npe,llH )la craue Ha IU'hpK, TOH
aeJI B e)lHO CT'bK'bJIU.e OT JJ.pyraTa 11YJJ.Ha BO)la, KO.RTO npeTeapH OT IU'bpK
Ha 11oeeK. KaTo CTHrttaJI .no ceJioTo CH, TOH ce noJI.RJI c TaH eo,na H cra-
HaJI naK Ha qoeex. (Cpe. npHKa3KaTa e C6HY, VII, 193-206.)'
BHpBaHeTO HapO,llHO YTB'bp.>K,llaea, qe K'l:IUa, K'h,lleTo M'bTHT
W.'bpKoeeTe npe3 JI.HTOTO, no KOWOBeTe, KOIIJapv.re, KYMHHHTe, KYilHH-
Te ceHO HJIH Ha H.ffKOe BHCOKO ,ll'bpBO - 6p.RCT, JIIDJIHK HJIH ,npyro,
TaH K'bW.a e aana3eHa OT MafHH, OT JIOWH HaeeTH, OT HanpareH .>KHBBK
H ,npyrH 3JIHHH.
B.Rpea ce, qe m~pxoeere npoJieTH, Koraro .llOH,AaT, oruear naK
B C'bW.aTa K'bW.a, .nero ca M'bTHJIH H MHHaJiaTa ro.zurna. Bop3B3JIH HM
6eJie3H H no Te3H 6eJie3H fH n03HaBaJIH.
,lloxa)K,llaHeTo Ha IIJ.'bpKoeere e 6eJier, qe eeqe npoJieTra e ,AOIIIJia.
3aroea IU'hpK'bT ce nocpemaJI c necHH H HrpH, KOHTltls TOH cJiyirnii ca
6HJIH o6pe,llHO-peJIHfH03HH neCHH H HfpH. Te ,ll0Xa:>K,AaT Ha MJia,l{eHUH
(9 Mapr). OT THH HHKoraWHH neCHH H urpH ca OCTaHaJIH ,AHeC caM0
OHHH o6H'l3H, .nero JJ.eua1a, K3TO BH,ll.RT H3H-Hanpe,ll IU'bpK, CK3'13T H
BHKaT:
 HAPOJ!HA BJ[PA 155-
IU1>pKo ne, M'bpKo net
Te6e 6onH nonoeu:tta,
MeHe He; Hel
Toea npaeHT ,no TpH ffbTH, KaTo no,ncKa'laT B!'fCOKO.
,llpyra,ne n'hK .z:teuaTa, KaTo urpaHT xopo, neHT: ·
lll.opKo ne, M'hpKo net
lllpoKHH KoJia no,n Kona,
JI.a 6epeMe KaM'hHe,
JI.a npaBHMe MOCTOBe,
JI.a H H H,I{aT fOCTOBe I
BHpBa ce, qe npe3 JJ.HT0T0 Te3H, K0HT0 ca neJJH H HrpaJJH, aKO•
ca B'b3pacTHH Belle, H.HMa ,na HMaT 6oJJKa B Kp'bCTa, K0faT0 }K'bH8T ,.
K0CHT HJIH pa6oTHT ,npyra pa6oTa HaBeiteHH. (Ba6a A:otta, C. .PaKOBHtl,a,.
KyncKo, 6a6a Caea HeaHHUa, c. BHna CnaTHHa.)
. HHK'h,ne no C'hI..UaTa npH'IHHa ce T'bpKaJJHT no 3eMHTa. (Ba6a
IleHa · XpHcToea, c . CTy6en, KyTJJOBCKo, 6a6a MapHH, c. KpHeo,non,
Bpa'IaHcKo.) .
51AueTo Ha I..U'bpKeJJa HMa TaKaBa CHJJa ,na pa3B8JIH H HaH-CffJI-
HaTa MafHH . ETo 331..U0, MaKap H ,nae fOJIHM rpHX ,na ce 6opKa B rHe3-
H0TO Ha I..U'bpKa H ,na MY ce 3HM8T HHUaTa,, HO B TOH CJJy'IaH npaB.RT
.,l:lOH rpHX, Ta 3HM8T HHUe.
noeepHeTO pa3Ka3Ba, qe KoraTO BH.LtH 'IOBeK I..U'hPK HaH-Hanpe.n,.
xy6aeo e ,na HMa B ce6e CH napH H ){a 60,ne CHT H eeceJJ, 381..UOT0 B K3KBO•
IlOJIO:>KeHHe Te 33BapH H BHJtH HaH-Hanpe,n I..U'bpKeJJ'bT, B TaKOBa iue·
ocTaHem npe3 UHJJ0 JI.SITO. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoeo, OpxaHHH-
cKo, 6a6a JI.ecna, c. JlepeMaxne, Ko3'hJiara'IKO . C6HY, VI, 95.),

r) JI a C T O B H U a, JI H C T O B H U a
JlHCTOBHUaTa e ,npyrap Ha I..U'bpKa H ee,nH0 C Hero
OTHBa H c Hero .ce Bp'b1IJ,a. TaKa eceHH Ha· CB. 11JJHH Tp'hrea OT HalliaTa.
3eMH H ce ep'hI..Ua Ha Bnaroeeu, a I..U'hPK'hT Tp'hrea Ha ce. IJaHTeneu u-
ce ·BP'hI..Ua Ha Mna,neHUH. Ho TaMo KpaA BHJio Mope ce 'laKaT e,nttHt
,z:tpyrH.
JlacT9BHUHTe Tp'brBaT no-paH0 (20 10JJH), HO npH BHJJO Mope:
11aKaT I..U'hpKoeeTe, 381..U0TO caMH He MoraT ,na ro npexep'bKHaT. KaTo,
,nou,naT I..U'hpKoeeTe, Toraea TporeaT 3ae,nHo; npe3 MopeTo, KoraTo-
I..Ul>pKoeeTe pa3nepHT KpHJieTe CH ,na Il011HBaT, Jl3CT0BHU.0Te KaueaT ·
tta KpHneTe HM, Ta H Te no11HeaT. (6a6a JI.ecna, c. ,UepeMaxJie, Ko3'bJl -
araq1<0, 6a6a MH11a JiJIHH'leBa, c:. Ko3ap EeJJeHe, CBHI..UOBCKO, 6a6a.
B'hJIKaHa, C. JlHT3K0BO , OpxaHHHCKO.)
JiacTOBHUHTe :>KHBeHT no C'bce,ncTB0 C llJ.'bpK0BeTe H npH TSIX ce.
pa}K,l{aJI 11epHH.ffT n Hnep, KOHTO HM CJIY:>KH 33 xpaHa - Te ao6aT qep,
IlHll~p .
156 J].HMHT'bP MAPH 'HOB ·

qe B KOHTO K'bW,a M'bTH Jiac1O-

0

TioeepHeTo HapO,ZlHO Y1B'bp:>K,ZlaBa,

BH1la, TaMo MarHH He oopaBHT, TaMO HanpameH 0/CUBaK. He OTHBa. Ero
aaw,o KaKTo IU.opKoT, TaKa H ;rncroaHuara rocreHKa ce nocpema c
pa,nocT H He ii ce npetJ.H ,na CH npaa H rHe3,no no,n Kowosere, xaMoapHTe
HJIH IlO,Zl CTpSIXaTa Ha Komara.
TiosepHero crporo aa6paHHBa ,na ce y6Hsa JiacroaHua HJIH )I.a ii
-ce pa3BaJIH rae3,no, ,na ce 11ynHT Hiiuara ii HJIH ,na ce y6HBaT ManilHTe ii.
BHpBa ce C'bW,O, KaKTO H 38 W.'bpKOBeTe, 'le Jl3CTOBHUHTe ce Bp'b-
w,aT B C'bUJ.3Ta K'blll.3, B KOHTO ca M'bTHJIH H MHHaJiaTa ro;zi.HJia HJllt ca ce
H3JIIOilHJIH B HeH. (Ba6a Mu11a 11JIHH"leBa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Csuw.oa-
·CKo.) .
l"He3,nara Ha JiacrosHuara Hapo,nHaTa ~em-IUHHa npenop'bqsa
33 JieKOBHTH H rH ynorpe6sJBaT 3a UHp. THX ynorpe6JIHB3T. ow.e H 33
paaaaJIHHe Marmr, Koraro ca Ha_npaaeHH, Ta e,nH11 M'b:)I{ ,na HaMp.a3H
H HanycH~ :>KeHa CH; (Ba6a ,Uecna, c. ,UepeMaxJie, Ko3'bJiara'IKO; 6a6a
MH11a l1JIHi:f.11eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBHW.OBCKo.) ·
JlacTOBHuara e CTaHaJia OT HesecTa. TSI 6HJia O:)l{eHeHa 33 MOM'bK
H ,Zla}l.eHa H3Jl.3JieKo. CseK'hp H 6HJI xaii,nyTirn H xapaMH.H; C'bC CHHa CH
3ae,ZlHO npecpemaJIH' Il'bTHHUH Ha Jl.PYM3, ,nero HM 6HJia _K'bUJ.3T3, H rH
y6HB3JIH H o6HpaJrn; BCHKa HOW. }l.OHaCHJIH:
qoaewKH rJlaBH ·.u.a KpHe,
KopBaBH pH3H JI.a nepe.
Toaa H MHOfO ,norerHaJio H'TH pe1mwa Jl.3 6Hra, HO 6HJIO MHOfO
M'hllHO, 3amoro MaHKa ii 61rna Mttoro JI.aJieKo. Toraaa TH nJiaKaJia H ce
MOJIHJia 6ory:
CropH .Me, 60:>Ke, ttanpaBH,
Ha KaKsa ro,ne ra,nHHKa,
,Ua JIHTHa, 60:>Ke, ,na XBp'bKHa;
lla 6HraM, 6o~e, orryKa.
. .
11 rocnoJI. 11yJI MOJI6ara ii H H HanpaBHJI Ha JiacTOBHua. Ha KOl{aKa
-CH KaTO Hesecra TSI HOCHJia raiiTaH (KOCaTHHK) C TpH pe,nose. KoraTo
JI.a. xspbKHe npe3 npo3opeua, cseK'hp'hT H c'hrJie,naJI H ce cnycHa-JI ,u.a
.H )'JIOBH. Tofl 06a11e ycnHJI JI.a crpa611H caMo e,nHHHH pe,n OT raiha1ta If,
r.e. eJI.HO nepo or onawKaTa H. Ero 3amo H ,U.HecKa onaII1KaTa Ha Jlacro-
BHUaTa HMa caMo JI.Be nepa, T. e. caMo Jl.B3' pe,na O~1attaJIH or raiiTaHa H
~ H H3rJie,nsa Karo BHJia. (Ba6a MH11a Hnuii11esa, c. Koaap Benette,
CsJiw.oscKo, 6a6a Mopcpa, c. ,llepeKbOH, K'h3'hJiara11Ko. Cps. npHKa3-
KaTa s )I(. crap ., I, 9; C6HY, I, 28, Ax'hp11eJ1e6HHcKo, KaK MapHHKa
CTaBaJia Ha JiaCTOBHUa.)
B HapOJlHHTe necHH JiaCTOBHUaTa ce HapHlla ,,rpaMaTHK", ,,tJ.epHO-
u u
nep~ , ,,wapo-KpHJia . .
QA BK Ba3e, JiaCTOBHUH,
HAPOJ{HA BJ[PA 157
JlacTOBHlU{, rpaMaTHI..IJI,
4~pHo-nepH, ruapo-KpHJIHf
KaT' cTe .llOllIJIH OT npe3 Mope,
Or npea Mope, 6HJio Mope,
.[laJI' BH.llHXTe Moe JIH6e,
T aTbK )lOJie B AHa,lloJia?
l-fa c6opHHKa MH oT 6a6a MHqa HnHiiqeaa, c. Koaap Eenette. Cpa. aap11aHT
B llianK. N!! 32

AKO C'hHyBa qoBeK Jl8CTOBHU8 -p,o6po e.

AKO M'bTH IlO)l CTpHXaTa - npHJI.061rn.
AKo C'hHyBa qoseK, lle yJioBHJI JiacTOBHUa - nellaJI6a. (Ea6a
MHlla I1JIHHlleBa, c . Ko3ap EeJieHe, CBHLUOBCKo.)

.ll) KYKYBH~a
KYKYBHUaTa JJ,oxa:mp,a Ha EJiaroBeu.
lllopK'bT H JiaCTOBHUaTa ce CllHTaT 38 BeCTHTeJIH Ha npoJie1Ta, HO
JJ,oxa:mp,aHe1·0 Ha KYKYBHUaTa e Haii-cHJIHaTa aecT ·3a npoJieTTa, 3amo-
To nocJie TOBa p,oxa:>KJJ,aHe CTY.ll H 3HMa Belle H_H Ma.
HeHHOTO BeCTHBaJ-ie OtJ8KBaT BCHllKH: OBllapH, 3eMJieJJ,eJIUH,.
MOMH H HeBeCTH. 3amoTO HeHHHHT rJiaC BeCTHBa H p,o6pH, H JIOllIH
aecTH . .llo6pH - lle Belle npoJieTTa e J.l0illJia, a JIOillH - lle 3aeJI.H0 c
npoJieTTa ca )I.OlllJIH H CaMOBHJIH, caMOJ:UiBH, 3MHH, rymepH, 3MeHOBe,.
3NeHUH H pa3HH p,pyrH JIOillH JJ,HX8HHH.
E~o aamo TH ce nocpema c n e c H H H H r p H, HapelleHH 6 JI a-
r 0 B e Ill K H. THH neCHH H HrpH ca o6peP,HH, aamoT0 ce neHT H i:rrpa~
.HT caMo Ha BJiaroaeu B qecT Ha KYKYBHUaTa.
KYKYBHUaTa, KaTo KyKa, npeJI.ynpe:mJI.aBa Ma.HKHTe, K0HTO HMaT
mepKH, .n.a fH He nycKaT Ha KJiap,em.ur, lle Ta:w.o HMa caMOBHJIH H C8MO-
)J,HBH. (CpB. neceHT8 B )K. CTap., I, 125.)
IloaepHeTo npenopollBa qoaeK JJ,a rJiep,a Ha BJiaroseu JJ,a 6op,e
BCSIK0ra CHT H OX0JieH H p,a HMa npH ce6e CH napH, 38IU0T0, K0raTo
llye rJiaca Ha KYKYBHUaTa, B K8KBOTO C'hCTOSIHHe ce H8MHpa, B TaKo-
Ba GCTaSI npea UHJI0T0 JISITO. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. J1HTaKoBo, OpxaHHH-
cKo, 6a6a MHlla I1JIHHlleBa, c. Koaap EeJieHe, CBHIUOBcKo.)
MoMHTe, KaTo qyHT rJiaca Ha KYKYBHUaTa, apoaBaT B'h3eJI Ha-
KopnaTa CH; TOH B'b3eJI HOCHT TPH )J,HH H nocJie ro OTB'bp3BaT H rJieJJ,aT
KaKBO HMa B Hero. AKp HMa npallleU HJIH B'hJIHHllKa (BJTaK'hHUa) HJIH
.llpyro_Hemo - M0MaTa me ce 0>KeHH npea f0)J,HHaTa; HSIMa JIH HHLUO B
Hero, me H aaaapH H Ha JI.pyraTa roJI.HHa KYKYBHUaTa naK MoMa. (Ba.6 a
To.n;opa, c. J1HTaxoao, 6a6a Mopcpa, c. llepeKhoii, 6a6a ,UaJJ,a, naHa-
nopm..u.e. Cpa. C6HY, VI I, 138:}
MoMuTe rJie.n;aT Ha Koe KJIOHlle e CT'hDHJia KYKYBHUaTa, Kora
KyKa, H CJie.a. KaT0 XBp'bKHP, MOMaTa OTUBa,_Ta 0TK'bpmaa TYH KJI0Htie B
ro HOCH C'b~ ce6e CH; B.HpBa ce, qe HeHHHHT JII060BHLK w.e JI.a SI Il0HCKa
J.58 P. HM H T 1, P ·M A . PHH OB

-cKopo. (Ba6a D.a.na, TiaHar10pmue. Cpa. C6HY, III, 13f>, IlpH.'len.)

Hapo.nHaTa BHpa YTBbp}KJJ.aaa H Hapo.IJ.bT TBbp.no aHpaa, qe
KYKYBHUaTa He BHe CBOe rHe3)1.O H He MbTH TH caMa, a CHHCa HHU.aTa CH B
:11y:m.no rHe3.no; KaTo CHece HHIJ.aTa cH, TH ce aeqe He rp H.>KH 3a THX.
TH He CHHCa HHUaTa CH B e)I.HO rHe3)1.O, a BbB BCHKO rHe3)1.O CHHCa_no
,e )I.HO . .D.pyraTa IlTHU.a H3MbTBa KYKYBH"Ie'ro SIHUe H OTrne.naa MaJIKOTO,
JI.OAeTo .xapbKHe. OTTaMo HMa KJieTaa: ,,.[la co6epem Kem.a KaTo KYKY-
BHua.!"
,il.eTo KYKYBHU.aTa HHMa caoe rHe3.no, asipaTa Hapo.nHa YTB'hp.>K-
Jl.aBa., qe TOBa e CJle)J.CTBHe Ha KJieTBa. 8 KOJle)I.HHTe neCHH ce pa3K33Ba,
11e Ta.ff KJieTaa cpem.y KYKYBHU.aTa e oT ca. Boropo.nHu.a, aam.oTo pa3-
6y.nH.11a MJia.na 6ora: :

.3aKyKyaa, 6o)KHe ne, KYKYBH'IKa,

3aKyKyBa, 60:mHe ne, c1-6y.nH ro.
TipoK'hJIHa H, 6o)KHe ne, 6o)Ka MaiiKa:
•OH Ta Te6e, 60)KHe ne, KYKYBH'IKel
T'LA .n.a xo.n.Hm, 60)KHe ne, .n.a. KyKyaam,
.Ua He BHem, 60)KHe ne, BHTO rHea.n.o.
_"Hait: .D.a cHecem, 6o)KHe ne, B IIY)K.llO rHea.n.o,
B 11y}KJJ.o rHea.n.o, 60)KHe ne, n'hcTpo Hiiu.e.
C6HY, VIII, 11, N11 5, BapHeHcKo

BsrpaTa uapo.D.Ha YTB'bp)K.zlaea, 11e KYKYBHU.aTa uMa nJIIOHKa;

ra.ff IlJllOHKa ce BH)K)l.a no JJ.'bpBeTaTa H ce Ka3Ba KYKY8U'I£; TH e e.D.HH
po.D. r'b6H. TaH KYKYBH"Ia nJIIOHKa e neKOBifTa H H ynoTpe6HBaT aa II.Hp.
(6a6a BH.D.a, c. CTaKbOBU.H, 6a6a KoHa, c .. AnTHMHp.)
11 KYKYBHU.aTa e cTaHaJla OT )KeHa. BHpa1a Hapo.ntta paaKa3-
sa Ta~a.
11Mano e cecTpa H <5paT; HMeTo Ha 6paTa 6HJIO Ky Ky. CecTpaTa
6Hna M'hp3eJIHBa H 6paT H MHoro H r'hJitiaJI, a TH MY ce Kapana. Ka10
He MO)KaJI .ll.3- H T'hpnH, TOH aa6HrHaJI Ha.n.aneqe H H OCTaBHJl CaMHllKa.
TH ocTattana caMa B K'hlll.H. KaTo ce Hsry6HJI 6paT H, TH ce pa3KaHJia
1-1 no11HaJ1a .D.a nna11e. MoJIHJia ce 6oty .n.a H cTopH Ha KaKea ro.D.e ra.D.HHa,
..D.a XBp'bKHe H OTH)l.e .na ro .D.HpH H HaMepH H .n.a MY Hlll.e onpomeHHe.
rocno.n. H 11y.11 Mon6aTa H H cTopHJI na KYKYBHU.a.
OTToraaa H .no .D.HecKa TH xo.n.H, .llHPH ro H ro •BHKa: ,,I(yKy!
KyKy!" A 6paT il M'hJltIH. Toii H3JIH3a HOlll.HO apeMe 1-' 0·1roaapH: ,,lJyx!
'.llyx!" TH ro qye H3 ropaTa, HO He ro BH)K.zla. Ha cyTpHHTa TH naK
XB'bp'IH H ome 00-CHJIHO ro BHKa, HO TOH H ce He o6a)K)l.a .
0

TaKa npaa1-1 .llO EHhOB.D.eH. Ha EHbOBAeH, Ka10 BHAH, 11e TOH ii

ce He o6a}KJJ.a , TH MJl'bKHe. TH MbJl'IH )J,OfO.llHHa AO Bnaroaeu. H naK ce
ceTH 3a Hero, naK H .llO)KaJiee H naK ro JJ.HPH H BHKa. (6a6a Caaa 11Ba-
HHU.a, c . 6Hna CnarHHa . Cpa. )I(. cTap., I, 10.)
B KOJie,AHHTe neCHH ce pa3K33Ba 33lll.0 KYKYBHU.aTa MJl'hKBa Ha
EHbOBAeH; TH pa36YAHJia Mna.na 6ora H cs. Boropo.nHu.a H npoKnena:
IIAPOJI.HA BJIP A 159
Jl'oHeMeem oT EHhoa.neH,
Or EHhoa.neH .no Bnaroaeu.
C6HY, VII, 15, .Nv 20, BapttettcKo
TioaepHeTo pa3K83Ba, qe aK0 KYKYBHUaTa Kau.He Ha H.SIK0e .nopB0
B .naopa H KyKa, TOBa e JIOlll0. 3aTOBa, Ill.OM .si t1YH-T, Il'h.ll..SIT H. (6a6a
MapHst Kottoaa, c. MaJiopaT, OpHxoacKo.)
B necHHTe IOHalllKH ce nee, qe KYKYBHUaTa noMaraJia Ha paHe-
HHTe IOH8UH.
TieceHTa pa3K83B8, qe IOH8K'hT 6HJI paHeH H H.SIMaJI0 KOH )la MY
noMortte; Toraaa:
3a.naJia ce KYKYBHua: ·
C KJIIOHa CH KypmyM Ba)lH,
Or· KpHne CH npeap'h3 Aepe,
0r H03e CH KOHUH BHe.
Or ycTa cH MexneM nnioe.
Bat5a .UaAa. nattariopHine. Cpe. C6HY, XV, 23, c. CKpe6eTHHo, Heepo-
.xoncxo

11 TYK ce BH>K)la, qe KYKYBHU.3Ta HMa IlJIIOHKa H qe TaH IlJIIOHKa

e MexJieM H JieKyaa paHH.
,,KyKyBHUa" B npeH0CeH C:MHC'bJI 3H3'1H caMa, B)l0BHU.a 0CTaHaJia
JKeHa caMa-caMHllKa: ,,0CTaHaJia caMa KaTo KYKYBHU.a" HJIH ,,Ce)lH y
JlOMa CH KaTo KYKYBHU.a", HJIH ,.KyKa KaTo KYKYBHU.a", T.e. nna11e aa
H3ry6ettHTe CB0H CK'bilH M'b>K, Jl'hlll.ep.SI HJIH CHH.
AKO BHJlHill Ha C'hH KYKYBHU.a - ,Zlo6po e.
AKo 11yern KYKYBHU.a - .n.o6pa aecT. (Ba6a ,lla,Zla feH11oa1-tua,
flaHariop ume.)
e) f y r y q K a, r y r y T K a

Ta.SI IlTHU.a ce CMeCBa c r'hJI'h6a Ha o6pe,ll.HHTe

xn.si6oae ce npe.n.cTaBJIHBa HaMecTo r'hJI'h6a, noHe>Ke 03Ha'laBaJia
'IHCTOTa, )leBCTBeH0CT, C'hnpy>KeCKa BHpH0CT. THH XJIH6ose ce MeCHT
Ha BeJIHK,ll.eH, Ha CBaT6a.
TTpHKa3Ba ce, qe H ryry1KaTa 6HJJ8 >KeHa; TH HMaJ\ a CHH Ha HMe
ryry , KOHTo yMpHJI. TH nJJaKaJJa MHoro no Hero H rocno)l .SI Hanpas1-1n
Ha ryryTKa. 11 ,ll.HeCKa XB'bp'IH H BHKa CHHa CH: ,,fyry! fyry!", 0T,ll.eTo
e ·Hape11eHa ryryTKa. (6a6a B'hJIKZHa, c . JlHTaKoao, OpxattHHCKo,
6a6a MHlfa 11JJuuqeaa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe, CBHlll.OBCKo. Cpa . C6HY, II J,
134,. TTpHJJen .)
>K) C a p a K a (cTpa'IKa B IlP.HJien)
Hapo)lHOTO BHpBaHe )laBa 38 capaKaTa 1aKHBa
cae.n.eH 1m.

CaMOBHJIHTe H caMO,ll.HBHTe >KHBeHT TaMo Ha Kpafl CBHT, B ceno

KoeTo ce Ka3Ba 3MeHKOBO. Toaa ceJio HHKOH He 3Hae, HHT0 n'hK MO>K~
160 JiHMHT"bP MAPHHOB

HBKoii .l(a 0TH.l(e B Hero. OpeJI'hT, KOHTo CJIH3a 'JJ.OJIY no')J. 3eMHTa H ce
KallH rope Ha ropHHH CB.HT, H TOH He 3Hae K'b')J.e e TYH C a M 0 B H JI C K 0
Ce JI o, Hin'O MO)Ke ')J.a 0TH,lle. CaMO CBpaKaTa ro 3Hae H caM0 TH MO)Ke:
.na H,ne. (Ba6a To'JJ.opa, c. Jh-1TaKoeo, 6a6a MHtJa HnHHtJeBa, c. Ko3ap,
BeJieHe.)
BcHKa ro,n1rna caMOBHJIHTe SI KaHHT H TH OTHB8 B ceJIOT0 , HM K
HM B'bpllle CMUA (nOJICKO )K'bJITO UBeTe; B J1oMCKO Il'bK BHpBaT, qe TH
OTHBa .na B'bpllle Tl)'bHe). KaTO CB'bpllIH B'bpllIHT6aTa, TH ce 0K'bIIBa s
THXHOTO e3epo H ce epow.a rrpH Hae. Toraaa cBpaKaTa e ow.Hrratta,. c
MHoro pH,llKa nepymHHa. DoeepHeTO Ka3B8, qe cepaKaTa, KaT0 ce OK'b-
nena B c a M o B H JI c K o T o e 3 e p o, xeopJIHJia e cTapaTa nepy-
llIHHa H cera w.e H HHKHe Hoea. (Ba6a na.na, IlaHanopHw.e, 6a6a .Uecrra,.
c. nepeMax.ne, 6a6a MapHH, c. lllHIIKa.) ·
. CepaKaTa e MHOro rraK0CTHa. TH rpa6H MaJIKH IIHJIUH, 6H6eTa H
naTeHua; TH npOK'bJIBH HHUaTa Ha IlTHUHTe H H3IlHBa, a C'bW.O rpa6H H
MaJ1KH IlTHtJeHua. 3aTOBa H f0HHT H y6HBaT.
CepaKaTa, K0raTO BH,llH HHK0H M'bpllla, He MO)Ke .na MHpyea, HO
CHJIHO KpHKa, OTTaMO e C'b3,na,neHa H IlOCJI0BHUaTa: ,,,UeKa KpHKa cepa-
KaTa, HMa H Kp1wue, H nepue", KO.SITO B npeH0CeH CMHC'bJI HMa 3Hatie-
HHe, qe 8KO ce M'bJIBH 38 HHKaKBO 3JioynoTpe6JieHHe, 33 HHKaKBa
Kpa>K6a HJUI 38 ,npyro 3JIO,neHCTBO, qe ca H3B'bpllleHH OT HHKOfO HJI.H
HHK'b,lle - OT TaH M'bJIBa w.e HMa .SI KpHJIUe, .SI nepue:._
. CepaKaTa, KaTO xo,nH e 3MeHKOBO H ce Kone e caM0BHJICKOTO
e3epo, o6na,naea e.nHa ueJie6Ha CHJia. TioeepHeTo pa3Ka3Ba, qe TS
MO)Ke ,na ,noHece 'lJOBeKy HKH 3'h6H; rropa,nH TOBa, K0raTo ,neTe MeHHBa
MJietJHHTe CH 3'b6H, BCeKH na,nHaJI MJietJeH 3'b6 ce XB'bpJIH Ha noKpHBa Ha
K'bW.aTa, K0lllapaTa, Koma HJIH Ha KynaTa c TaKaBa MOJI6a K'bM CBpaKa-
Ta: ,,Ha TH, cepaKO, K0CTeH 3'b6, Ta ,llOHeCH )Ke.Tie3eH!" - H BHpRa ce,.
qe cepaKaTa w.e OTHece B 3MeHKOBO KOCTCHHH 316 H HaMeCTO Hero me
,noHece :meJie~eH, T. e. TpaeH, HK, C KOHTO 'lJ0BeK me CH CJIY>KH
,no rpo6.
AKO cepaKaTa e KauHaJia Ha ,nopBOTO npe.n K'hmH H KpHKa CHJIH0,.
Toea noKa3Ba, qe w.e ,noii,ne rocT. (Ba6a EnKa, c. 4ynpeHe, 6a6a Aoua,.
c. PaKOBHua, 6a6a MapHH, c. KpHeo,non, BpatJaHcKo, 6a6a MapHSJ
CHe-KoHoea, c. ManopaT.)
Cpew.y MarHH ce ynoTpe6HeaT nepyllIHHaTa H )KeJI'h,nKaTa Ha
CBp~KaTa.
KoraTo HMa enH,neMHH no K0KOllIKHTe, sa ,na ce npeKpaTH enu,ne-
MHHTa HJIH .na 6'h,naT sanaseHH KOKOllIKHTe - y6HB3T CBpaKa H H 0Kaq-
BaT Ha JI.'bp_
B 0 npe,ll. KypHHKa HJIH 6JIH30 JI.O Hero. noaepHeTo K83Ba, qe
KOKOlIIaTa 6onecT ce ITJ1arnH OT cepaKaTa H 6Hra. (Ba6a BHJI.a, c. CTa-
Kb0BUH, 6a6a BoJIKaHa, c.JIHTaKoeo, 6a6a MHtla l1Jn1ilt1eea, c. Ko3ap
BeJieHe.)
AKd 11ye1IJ Ha C'bH, qe KpHKa CBpaKa - CKp'b6Ha BeCT.
 HAPOJiHA B}lPA 161
AKo y6Hern capaKa - H36aaJieHHe OT npeMe*,nHe. (Ba6a MHqa
HJIHHqesa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)

3) f a p B a H, B p a H a, r a JI y H

Hapo,nttaTa BHpa npe,ncTaBJJHBa rapaatta KaTo 3JIO-

Ko6Ha JJOIIIa IlTHUa. HeHHOTO rpalleHe BCHKOra npe,nsemasa JIOllJO
Hew.o, Hern.acTHe.
HapO,ZlHOTO noaepl-'e YTB'bp)K,ZlaBa, qe KOraTO rapBaHH rpallaT
OKOJJO e,nHa K'bllJ.8, B TaH K'bllJ.8 rn.e HMa CM'bpTeH CJiyqaf1. AKO B HHKOe
ceJIO ce TpynaT rapBaHH H rpallaT CHJIHO - B TYH ceJJO w.e ,ZlOli,Zle
fOJIHMO Hern.acTHe: HJIH rn.e ,ZlOHJI.e qyMa, XOJJepa, CHil8HHU3, HJIH ceno-
TO rn.e 60,ne H3Il3.ll.H3TO OT xapaMHH, TypuH H JI.pyrH H me 60,ne H3ropeHO
H celleHO.
fapaaH'hT BopBH cne,n aoifcKa HJJH .ZlPY*HHa B'hOJ>'hll<eHa,. aamo-
TO npe,nBH)K,Zla, qe rn.e HMa Moprna.
8 neCHHTe ce nee, qe III.OM na,nHe HHKOH IOH8K B IlJ18HHHCKHTe
ycoH, rapBaH'bT rn.e 60,ne Il'bpBH.HT, KOHTO w.e K8UHe npH Hero ,,,Ila
K'bJJBe qepHH 01111'' H ,,,na H,Zle 6HJIO Meco" IOH8llJKO. ,UopH B H.HKOH
neCHH ce K83B8, qe rapBaH'bT Hee T'bpnHJJ ,na H3,Zl'bXHe paHeHHHT IOHaK,.
HO orn.e }KHB Il0llH8JI ,na MY K'bJJBe OlIHTe.
B necHJ_Te rapBaH'hT ce Ka3Ba ow.e ,,raJiyH":
f aJiyHH, qepHH rapBaHH

r
,, apBaHH TH Oliff H3K'bJIB3JIH "- e KJieTBa.
Xai1,uyTHH, aKo He na,nHe B p1>ueTe Ha TYPU.HTe, 3a ,na ro o6eeHT,.
TOH 3Hae; qe JJ31f0 HJJ H K'bCHO me na,ntte y6HT no IlJJBHHHCKHTe ycoH,. H
3aToBa ce nee:

OpJIHTe MY ca caaToae,
I'aJJyHH MY ca KyMoae,
CapaKHTe MY ca caaxHTe.
Ba6a Mu11a l1JIHiit1esa, c. Koaap BeJieHe, CBHIUOBCKO·

1.JepHH OlIH rapBaHOBH" - enHTeT 38: qepHH OllH .

",,1.JepHO '
rp03,Zle rapB8HOBO' - B'h3IlHTO B nec.HHTe e,ll.HH BH)t
qepHo rpo3,ne. ., _
,,KoraTO 1H e BO,Zl8lJ rapBaH'hT, TOH me Te OTBe,ne HJIH Ha Kyn11me,.
HJJH Ha 6yHmue" - e IlOCJJOBHUa, C K011TO ce xapaKTepH3Hpa BOiHTeJl
3JIOHpaBeH H rJiynaB.
AKO C'bHyBa llOBeK rapBaH - JJOIIlO e.
AKo y6Hell1 rapBaH -·. npH,no6HB, H36aaJieHH~. (Baoa MapHH
CHa-KottoBa, c. MaJJopaT.) ·

11
,.162 Ill1MJ1T1,P MAPHHOB

11) K y K y M SI B K a, 6 y x a JI, n y K a JI•

., Hapo;u-1aTa B5ipa cMecaa KyKy:.rnaKa1a c 6yxaJia,

KOHTO B Ha:pO)l.'HH'Jle IlOCJIOBHUH H y3pel1HUH ce HapHlla ow.e H nyKaJI:
1

fl3amo Me r Jie)l.am KaTo nyKaJI?" HJih. ,,r J(e)l.a Me KaTo nyKaJI", c oTao-
:peHH IUJ.ipoKo (OKOKopeHH H onyK.r:eHH) Cliff, T. e. 6e3 cpaM H 6e3·c1 pax.
KYKYMSIBKaTa o6H'raaa e vcaMoTeHH Mec1a H 3)1.aHHH nycTH, B
'KOHTo tJoaeK tte )KHBee: nycn-1. KYJIH, nycTH Bo)l.eHHUH H THM no)l.o6HH.
TaH HeI1Ha ycaMO1•e.HOCT H OI..U.e o6cTOHTeJICTBOTO, qe H3JJH3a caMO HO-
w.eM H ·C fJlaCa 1CH HapymaBa THlllHHaTa HOI..U.Ha, KOfaTO PCHlJKO cnH -
,e Cb3.II.aJia BSipaTa, qe KYKYMSIBKaTa e 3JIOBew.a, JIOllla IlTHU.a, ,ll.pyrap e
Ha JIOWHTe ;zi.yxoae l1. npHH8CSI Ha lJ:OBeKa caMO 3JIHHH H 1-1anaCTH. BH-
paTa ;Ha;po.Il!Ha pa3Ka3Ba~ iie KyKye11u.a1a e 6HJia attreJI, HO crpelllH.ila
Hem,o H rocno)l. SI HaKa3aJI, KaTO H HanpaBHJI h..YKYMSIBKa.
BKpaTa HaiJ)O)l.Ha YTBbp)K,ll.aBa, qe aKO Kautte Ha KOMHHa Ha HSI-
;K'Ofl KbI..U.a H KYKYl\teHKa, C TOBa npe,ll.pHlla, qe B TaH KbW.a w.e yMpe
cTonattHH'hT. 3a1oaa si Tib)l.SIT H y611aaT. (Ba6a MapHH CHa-KoHoBa, c.
MaJiopaT., ,QpHXOBCKO~ 6a6a 81:-JIKaHa, C. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO.)
AKo tJ:oaeK noft,lle Ha nbT H BH.ll.H Haff-1-rnnpe.ll. KYKYMHBKa Ha HH-
·Koe .ll.opao, TOH TJ)H6sa )l.a c·e Bbptte H Ha .ll.pynm )l.eH )l.a 1 pbrHe Ha nbT,
38lll.OTO ·e .JIOlllO.
AKo ·c'hHyBa tJ:oeeK KYKYMHBKa - · JIOillO e .
.,,I(yKyMHBKa"" HJIH ,,KyKyMeBHSIK" ce Ka3Ba Ha )KeHa HJIH Ha M'b)K,
K0HT0 Ce.II.HT cCaMH y ..II.0Ma. ;,Ce.n.H caMa y K'h111.H KaT0 KYKYMSIBKa" HJIH
~.Ge.n.H ,.ca1v1 KaTO .KyKyMeBHSIK" ---- ce Ka3Ba 3a Mb)K H )KeHa.

~) )Kepae

npeJieTHa TITHUa, KOHTO JieTe 061-naaa no H8lllHTe

flQJleTa., 'HO 1\1.H0f0 ye.a.HHeH0. Xy6aaa TITHUa, KOHT0 B neCHHTe e Bb3-
nHTa· 3a _·cs01ne xy6aBH nepa. KaKTo BCH1-IKh .n.pyrH TITHl!H nepa, 3a
KOl1T0 .ce .roB~pH KaT0 M0~1 HHCK0 H~1H HeBeCTHHCK0 yKparneHHe, TbH
H nepaTa Ha >KepaBa HMaT B ce6e CH HHKaKBa CHJia, K0HTO 3ana3Ba
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0JIHBKH.
)KepaBHTe XBbpllaT BHCOKO H B pe~11ua; BHpaTa HapO)l.Ha YTB'bp-
::>K,ll.aBa , qe Te., KaT0 XBbpllaT TOJIK0 BHC0K0, BH)K.II.aT BCHllK0. ETo 38UJ.0
cpew.aMe, qe ..c:e oopbUJ.8T K bM T5!X, Ta fH TIHTaT .u.aJIH ca BH)l.eJIH e)J.u-
KOfO ·CH.
TaKa MaHKaTa fH IlHTa 38 CHHa CH, KOHTO e OTl-llilbJI BOHHHK B
TypcKaTa :aip.MHH:

)KepaBH., BHe, 6ypaBH,

KaTo BHCOK0 XBbp 1une,
,J.1 Ha lllHpOK0 rJie)J.aTe,
.,UaJIH He CTe BH)J.eJIH,
H A P ·O .JI. fl A B '11 P A 163
Moero c HHa CToHHa?

)l(epaBHTe H 0TfOBapSIT:

BH)J.HXMe ro, BH)J.HXMe;

Hano e Mttoro )J.aJJeKo:
Y nycTa 3eMJIH M'bC'bpCKa.
Kpail Mope patteH Jie)Kerue,
14epHOMOpCKH TIHC'bK nocTeJJKa,
BeJIOMOpC KH K8M'bK B'b3fJiaBe.
CToHH CH )J.yrna 6eperne,
fapaaH MY BO.Zla ttoceme,
Hocerne, Ta ro noern~. ·
Ha c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a MH11a 11JIHH'leBa, c. l(oaap Beneue. Cps. C6HY
IX, 59, BypracKo

,llpyra, .neTo CTOHHKa Il'bK IlHTa 38 ro.neHHKa CH, KOHTO C'blll.0 e

OTHUJ'bJl C TypcKaTa apMHH K8T0 BOHHHK:

CTOHHKa )Kepaee .ZlYMarne:

)KepaBH, JieTHH TIHJJeHual
B K8TO ,ZlOJIY ~'bpqHTH,
BH .Zl0JIY, emTH BH rope,
He BH)J.HXTH JIH, 11<epaBH,
MoH ro)J.eHHK CToHtta?
C6HY, XIII, 13, CTapoaaropc Ko

MoMaTa no cao»,:a xy6ocT ce onpHJIH11aaa Ha )Kepaao nepo:

Pa.Zlo ne, nepo )Kepaaol
C6HY, XIV, 65, l(orrpHBlllHl.la

I(oraTO eceHH IJOIIH8T )I.a npeXB'bpKa T Ha pe)J.HIUf, TOBa TTOK83Ba,

qe eceHTa Belle e .nomna. B 3ana.nHa BnnrapHH )KepaBHTe ce Hap11tJaT
Kp'bK061{U. ,,KpnKOBUHTe Be11e MHHaBaT - eceH .noii.ne", Ka3BaT ce-
JIHH HTe.

n) 51 p e 6 H ua H JI H ep e6 H ua
H npenep Hna

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ca 6HJIH npe,nMeT 38 JI_0B Ha H8llIHTe 6oJIHpH, K0HTO ca JI0BHJIH C o6v-
CJeliH iC0K0JIH HJIH opJieTa. . •

)la CH JI0BH .npe6Ha JI0Ba,

..llpe6Ha JI0Ba Hpe6HUH,
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 164 11.HMH'F'bP MAPHHOB

TyK no)( ,n.yMaTa npenepHua ce paa6Hpa ,n.HellJHHHT n 'b .ll -

n 'b A 'b K.
TiepaTa OT Hpe6Hua ca CJIY>KHJIH 3a KHTKH Ha M0MHTe ..
Or Il'bCTpo neneJIHBHH UBHT Ha Hpe6HuaTa HMa npHJiaraTeJIHO
Rpe6am HJIH epe6am, T. e. CHB Ha KailKH.
MoMa, KOHT0 e nopraaa,, JieKa, llHCTa, onpHJIHllaBa ce Ha Hpe-
6Hua. ,,TTeTpaHo MoMe, JTHTHa sipe6Hua" - ce nee B necHHTe. ,,,llparaaa
e UHJia sipe6Hua•~ - T. e. noprasa, JieKa, llHCTa,. enpeTHaTa.
11 sipe6HuaTa ce He Ka,n.H.
3. BJ/E_l/ YI'H, 3EMHOBOJ(HH )KHBOTHH

)KHBOTHHTe OT TOH po}{, KOHTO BJIH3aT B Hap0,ZI.HOTO

B~pBaHe H nosepHe, ca cJie.21.HHTe:

a) K o c T e H y p K a, K OCT e H H U a,.
K o c T e H a * a 6 a, )KeJIKa
KocTeHypKaTa e cTaHaJia OT )KeHa. Hapo,n.HoTo
BHpBaHe pa3K33Ba TaKa.
BHJTa HeBeCTa H MHOfO ce cpaMyBaJia OT CBeKopa eH. Be,ZI.H'b)K
TOH TporHaJI Ha pa6oTa H If nopbllaJI ,n.a MY OMeCH 3a IlJia,ZI.He TypTa, Ta
KaT0 ce BbpHe )(a H)l.e. HeaecTaTa OMeCHJia, oneKJia rypTaTa H H CK'b-
TaJia 3a caeKopa cH. OT,n.e ce HaIIIJia KY1IKaTa, Ta rpa6uana nHTaTa K
HeBeCTaTa M0)KaJia ,n.a 0T'bpBe caM0 TI0JI0BHHa. CaeK'bp'bT ce 3a6aBHJI,.
a HeBecTaTa 6HJia rJia,1:(Ha; TH HaMHCJIHJia .na H3JI=h1Ke CBeKopa CH, qe
KYllKaTa H3HJJa UHJlaTa TypTa, H ce.21.HaJia, Ta H3HJia H .21.pyraTa IlOJI0BH-
Ha. B T0Ba speMe ce 1:1yJI rJiaC'bT Ha caeKopa, KOHTO ce BbpHaJt. He-
aec-raTa ce ynJiaIIIHJTa. PeKJia ,n.a ce CKpHe HHK'b)l.e B K'bIIJ.H, HO HHMaJIO
K'b,ZI.e; a .na H3Jie3He HaB'bH He M0)KaJia, 3aIIJ.O'fO CBeKbp'bT Belle BJIH3aJI_
Torasa TH Ha6opao CJI0)KHJia Kpora Ha 3eM.HTa, ce)(HaJia oTrope H ce
3aXJI)'IlHJia C HOllI.BHTe.
CseK'bp'bT BJISI33JI H IlOllHaJI .na H BHKa, HO TH M'bJillaJia. TOH R
c'hrJie)(aJI no)( HOIIJ.BHTe, pascopJI.HJI ce H H npoKJieJI: ,,JI.a .21.a.n.e rocno.n,.
CHa.XO, .na 60.neIII BCHKora, KaKBaTO CH ceral" - H CH H3JIH3'bJT. Cny-
lJHJIO ce B JlOlll qac H HeBeCTaTa CTaHaJJa Ha KOCTeHypKa - K33Ba 6a6a
Casa HsaHHUa, BHJJa CJiaTHHa.
KocTeHypKaTa H AO ,n.HecKa ce cpaMyaa H 6.Hra, III.OM cnrne.na
llOBeKa, K8TO MHCJIH, . qe T0Ba e CBeKbpbT H.
KocTeHypKaTa e Be1II.a H .21.06pa Il03H3Ba'l1Ka Ha BCHllKH 6HJIKH.
HapOAHOTO BHpBaHe YTBbp)K)laBa, qe caMO K0CTeHypKaTa Il03ll3Ba
TpeBaTa pa3KOBHHlle, llH.SlTO CHJia BH,ZI.HXMe no-rope.
5lfm.aTa Ha KOCTeHypKaTa BJIH3aT B Hapo,nHaTa Me)(HUHHa, a
ou.r.e II0Belle B Hap0,AHOT0 BHpBaHe. MarHH ce pa3BaJIHT C'bC CHJiaTa ua
HeHHHTe RHlla.
MecoTo ii e JieKoBHTo cpe1II.y ynnaxa, cTpax H 061II.a cJia6ocT,.
HAP ·OJlHA BflPA 165
KO.HTO ·CJia6ocr BHpBa»eT0 Hap0)lH0 K33Ba, qe H.ne OT saxpaHeaHe, T. e.
OOJJ.HHHT HJIH 60J1HaTa ,e H3HJ1a HeI.U.0 0Marc,ocaH0, HanpaBeH0.
J,i •OT K0CTTa 1' ·CT'bp1KaT CTbprOThHa npax H 38IlOHBaT C HefO
M0Ma HJIH 6y.J11<a or crpax, or ypoKH. (Ba6a Bop6a, c. Pecett, TbpHoB-
-CKo, oa6a MHlla HJIHHlleaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Cam.u.oacKo.)

6) 3M H H

Hapo,nHoro BHpBaHe e o6JIF'KJio 3MHHTa a roJTHMa

TafrneTBeHOCT. BCHllKHTe HalIIH npHKa3KH C <paHTaCTHlleH xapaKTep ca
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i3ee TaT'bK )l3Jleqe Ha KpaH CBeTa, H TO B ){0JIHHH CBHT; )KHBee Hae,nH0
e .npyrHTe B roJIFMa nemepa, ,neTo e }KHJIH1..1.1,ero H Ha 3MHHCKHH uap.
3 M H H IC K H 51 T u a p e roJIHl\'a, MH0fO fOJIHMa 3MH?' KaTO
fOJIHM .ne6e.1 (op.; Hwa KpHJie H l'OJI~Ma· rJJaBa. Toft ce,nH Ha npecTOJl OT
.cyxo 3Jia'r.o H o6KH1JeH C 6e3ueHHH KaMbHH. OKOJIO Hero CTOHT HefOBHTe
fOJieMII.H 6oJIHpH H BOHBOJUi, fOJieMH CMOKOBe. Tio.n e3HKa Ha TOH 3MHH- .
CKH ua,p HMa MafHll8CKH Il,P'bCTeH, KOHTO npHTe}KaBaJI CBpoxecrecTBeH a
.CHJia. IJoaepHeTO pa3Ka3Ba., lie KOHTO M0}KaJI ,na npHo6peTH H ,na HMa
TOH npocTeH., M01KaJI ~a Il0JIY'lH, KaKBOTO Il0MHCJIK>BaJI.
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Jl'bI..1.1,epH, B new.epara Il:J)H 6ama JJ - 3MHHCKHH uap, H uapHT MY ,naJI
TOH np'hcTeH . Karo 11yKBaJI c TOH npocTeH B HeI.U.o, H3JIH3aJI emrn
)lepBHllIHH H ro IlOilHT.B.aJI KaKBO :>KeJiae; KaKBOTO OBllapHH'bT IlOHCKBaJI,
ae,nHara MY 6HJIO )l0CT3BHHO. (B MOH c6opHHK npHK33KaTa 33 0BllapH-
Ha H ,ll'bI.U.epHTa Ha 3MH_ HCKHH u:ap, CJiylllaHa OT 6a6a BnJIKa, C. J1HTa-
K0BO, Op.X8:HHHCKO, ,llOil'bJIHeHa OT 6a6a MHlla 11JIHHllesa, C. l(o3ap
BeJieHe, CBHI..1.1,0RCKo.)
B neI.U.epara HMaJIO 6e3lleT 3JI3TO H 6e3UeHHH KaM'bHH. THH
.KaM'hHI{ npaBeJI}{ 3MH.HTe. BoJIHpHTe, KOHTO ca OKOJIO uapH, HMaJIH
Jfa onamKaTa ,CH .monya, KO.HTO He e ,npyro, a llHCT 6esueHeH KaMbK.
{Comara n,pHK33Ka.) J1Ma rOJieMH CMOKOBe H y Hae, KOHTO HMaT Ha
onallIKaTa •CH TaK'bB TOilY3, KOHTO e naK 6e3UeHeH K3M'bK; THH CMOK0Se
.ca HallaJJHHUH 113 BCWIKHTe 3MHH B H3BecTeH KpaH. (5a6a Casa 11Ba-
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06a1Je HHKOH He MO:>Ke ,na y6He, 3amoro 1:e ce He 6HHT; aKO HHKOH 6H
{;e 0TIHT8JI .,lla y6He TaK'bB CMOK, TOH I.U.e nocTpa,na: HJIH caM me ce y6m~,
HJIH me nony.nee, HJIH .me orpaHllle. (CbI.U.HTe 6a6a }lecrra H 6a6a Casa.)
· 3MHHToe ..no.xo:>K,naT npH Hae Ha ·B JTaroseu, a OTHBaT CH Ha CeKHO-
BeHbe (29 aerycr). KoraTO CH OTHBaT OT Hae, Te BCHllKHTe ce C'b6Hp3JIH
a TaH rremepa H TaMo rrpeKapaaJIH 3HMaTa . (CnI.U.HTe 6a6a ,llecna H
6a6a Caea., Ollle H 6a6a MHlla 11JIHHtJesa, c. Kosap BeJTeHe. Cps.
)I(. crap., I, 154:; C6HY, IV, 186.)
flpe).{H 06a11e .na TJ)bfHaT 33 3HM0BHll.J.eTo HJIH 3HMH0T0 Jier0BHI.U.e,
B~.ffKa 3MH.ff me 61>.ne Il0,l{JI0JKeHa Ha H3CJie,nBaHe OT CM0Ka-Hal!:aJIHHK l{
166 ~HMHT'l,P MAPHHOB

BCHKa e )l.Jl'b>KHa .na MY -H3Il08.ff)l.8 38 BCH'IKO w.o e ·sopWHJla H icaK e n.pe-

KapaJia JIHTOTO; aKO HHKOH 3MHH e yxanaJia qoseKa, TaKaBa He ce
n pHeMa .na OTH)l.e B 3HMHOTO JierOBHW.e, a ff OCTaBHT HaB'bH .na norHHe OT
cTy,n. (Ba6a Caaa HaauHua, BHJJa CnaTHHa, 6a6a Ma11a 11nHAqeea, _c .
Ko3ap Beneue, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c . JlHTaKoeo, 6a6a ,lla.na, Ilaea-
nop HIJJ.e.)
3MHHTa ce Muoro 6o·H OT Of'bHH; K'h)le HMa Of'bH HJIH no11<ap, TR
6Hra .nane11. ETo aaw.o ea BJiaroeeu H Ha EpeMHH n.nawaT rH c MaWH
H p'h1KeH, qe w.e fH rop.HT, H fH n'h)lHT )la He BJlH33T B .nsopa H B K'bllJ.H.
AKO 3MHH ce IlOHBH B .neopa Ha H.HKO.H -K'bll.{3 HJIH B caMaTa ,K -wna,.
noaepHeTo T'bJIKyea TYH DOHBJieHHe KaTo JI0W 3HaK: B K'bW.H lll,e YMpe
HHKOH. ,lla He CTaue T8KOBa Hew.acTue, ycTpOeH e o6pe)l )la fH Il'&AHT C
MawHTe H p'b>KeHa. .
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CTpameH Of'bH, 3MHSITa 6opaBH H M'bqH rpewHHTe . .MoKHTe ca MHOro.
HO e,nHa OT THH M'bKH w.e 60,ne TaKaBa, 3MHH me ce YBHHT 0KOJI0 THH
rpemHH xopa H w.e rH nHHT. (Ba6a Mopq>a, c. ,llepeKbOH, K'ha'hJiaraqKo,.
6a6a JJ.a.na, IlaHar10pHw.e.) Hapo,nHoTo BHpBaHe YTB'bp11<.nasa, qe H
C3MHHT aaa Hecuma He e ,npyro OCBeH roJIHMa, MHOfO roJIHMa 3MHSI.
(Ba6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a MH'la, c. Koaap BeneHe.
CBHW.OBCKo, 6a6a To.nopa n. KpocTeea, c. JlHTaKoeo, OpxaHHHCKO.)
BceKH C'bHOp, T. e. H3BecTeH KpaH OT ceJICKOTO aeMJI~e,. cnope,Il
JIOBepHeTo Hapo,nuo CH HMa CBOH cet16UR, T.e. CTODaHHH, H TO.ff CTOil8HHH
e CM0K MH0ro roJIHM. To.ff CM0K He ce y6HBa, aaw.oTo, KOHTO 6H ce.
OCMeJIHJI .na ro y6He, caM w.e nocTpa,na. HMaJIO e cny11aH, K0faT0 HHKOH
e nocHrBaJI .na y6He TaK'bB CMOK, HJIH e ocaKaTHBaJI, HJIH e FIOJIY.Zl.HBaJip
HJIH n'hK e orpaHcBaJI. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c . JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a MH11a
11nHiiqesa, c. Koaap BeJieHe, 6a6a MapHH CHB-Koeoaa, c .. ManopaT.)
E.zt.HH TypqHH Be)l.H'b)K ce .ODHTaJI )la y6ue TaK'hB CMOK C nymKa, HO
KaTo rp'hMHaJI, nymKaTa ce o6'hpHaJia, Ta uesTa ro y,napHna e 11eJ10To
H TOH na.neaJI TaM Ha MHcTo MopT'hB. (Ba6a neea XpHcTosa,. c. CTy6e:n.)
noaepHeTo YTB'bpJl.HBa, qe TOH CMOK ceii6HH, HJiH ~TonaHHH, HMaJl
OllH, C KOHT0 MO>KaJI .na OMarhocaa; TOH C O'IHTe CH OMaFbOeBaJI HaH-
MJiellHaTa Kpasa B roae,naTa -H .ff npHBJIHllaJI npH ce6e, Ta cyKaJI MJIHK0.
Be.zt.H'b)K KaTo cyKaJI OT HeH, KpaBaTa ce OMarhOCBaJia H OM8HBaJia H
caMa OTHBaJia Ha IlJl3)l.He Ha TOBa ~HCTO, )leTo .ff qaKaJI (tMOK'bT, H MY
ce ,naBaJia ,na cylle. Cne.n KaTO H3CMYKBaJI MJIHKOTO, OTnyeKaJI SI naK B.
roae)laTa. TaKaBa Kpaaa ce Bp'hW.aJia aeqep 6ea MJIHK0. CaMo 6HBOJIH-
ua He MY ce no,naaana.
' 3a )la CTJl'bll3T CMOKa OT KpaaaTa, T.e . .na ro HanpaBHT )la 0Hra
OT He.SI H KpaBaTa OT CMOKa - npH6HrBa ce .!{O M3fHH; IlOJIHBaT Kp·asa-
Ta c MarHlleCKH 6HJIKH. (Ba6a MapHH CHe-KoHoea, c. ManopaT, OpR-
xoecKo, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoeo, OpxaHHikKo, 6a6a MH'la l1.1udi-
t1eaa, c. Koaap BeneHe, CBHIJJ.OBCKo.) ··
HMa ti e p H H 3 M H H, KOHTO XB1>p11aT. THH 3MHH cnopeA Hap0)l-
HAPOJ!HA BflPA 1'67
HOTO_BSlpBa~e ca 6HJIH B Il'bK'bJia H ce B'bpH3JIH Ha 3eMJIHTa . Te npaBHT
ro.ne.MH naKOCTH Ha 'llOBeKa. Ill.OM ce cnoMeHe HMeTO HM, Te Be,nHara ca
qysaJIH H ,UOX3)K,l{3JIH npe3 HOlll,Ta H npH'llHHH:B'aJIH na·KOCT Ha CTOKaTa
(KpaBa, 6HBOJIHUa, KOH, BOJI), na H Ha 'lJOBeUHTe, aKO HHKOii cnH
HaB'bHKa. 3aToBa, aKo CTaHe .nyMa 38 He.SJ, TO He CTIOMPJHHT HMeTO H
3MHSI, a Ka3BaT 36Rp, 8JlBOA. (Ba6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a
MHqa 11JIHH'lleBa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Csmi.~oBCKo. Cps. C6HY, XII~
127, DHTOJICKO.)
J1 Ha BCHKa 3MH.H ceJIHHKTe K33BaT ,l{HBOJr.
3MHHTa BCeKH' Mp33H H BCeKH rJie.na .na y6He npe3 JIHTOTO noHe
e.nHa 3MH.SJ. KoraTo HHKOH y6He 3MHH, cJI'hUeTo ee pa,n'Ba, 3aI.IJ,oTo
3MHHTa MY H3TIHJia e.nHoTo oKo. (Ba6a Mop<pa, e. L(epeKbOH, Ko3'bJia-
ra-11Ko. Cps. C6HY, VIII, 139, PyntJoc.)
BHpBaHeTo Hapo.nHo npe.nasa, 11e 3MHHTa,. xoraT0 I.U.e yxane
tJoBeKa, rJie.na BCHKora .na ro yxane a neTaTa. 3a .na 60.ne HeyH3BHM OT
HeHHoTo yxanBaHe, ycTaHoBeHo e Ha BJiaroseu .na ce rraJIHT orHhOBe
Hacpe.n ryMHOTO C'bC CHJieH H BHCOK IlJI3M'bK H THH OfHbOBe ce npecKa-
tJaT OT BCH11KH, Ta CH Il'bpJIHT KpaKaTa; npecKallaHeTo ce B'bplllH C roJIH
KpaKa H IlHlll,HJIKH. 3a C'blll,aTa ueJI e ycTaHOBeHO H Ha EpeMJUI .na ce
ra3H KaJI, OT KOHTO npaBHT 11HpenHH. BHpBa ce, qe TH.ff, KOHTO ca
npecKallaJIH Of'bHH H CH nopJIHJIH KpaKaTa, H THH, KOHTO ca ra3HJIH
tJHpenHH - THH H .na 60.naT yxarraHH OT 3MHH npe3 JIHTOTO, yxanaaHeTO
e HeoTpOBHO, He CM'bpTOHOCHO. Ho BHpBa ce, qe T2KHBa 3MH.H He yxan-
Ba, 6Hra OT THX. (Ba6a BnJIKaHa, c. JhnaKOBO, OpxaHHMCKo, 6a6a
,Uecna, c. L(epeMaxJie, Ko3'bJiaratJKo, 6a6a . MapHH, c . lliHnKa .) .
AKO HHKoro yxane 3MHSI, HaJiara ce yxanaHOTO MSICTO C'bC 3.MUU-
cKa mpeBa; yxanaHHHT nHe so.na, B KOSITO e sapeHa C'hlll,aTa Tpesa .
.lla He 61>.ne llOBeK yxanBaH OT 3MHH, HJIH aKO 60.ne yxarratt,
paHaTa .na He 60.ne CM'bpTOHOCHa, BHpBaHeTO Hapo.nHo nperrop'btIBa:
Ha EpeMHH sceKH .na Ha6epe H .na H.ne TpesaTa nyJI11eu. (Ba6a ne~a
PucToaa, c. CTy6eJI, KyTJioBcKo, 6a6a EJIKa, e. 'IynpeHe, BeJiorpa.n-
llHlllKO, 6a6a Map HSI Cus-KoHoaa, c. MaJiopaT, OpHxoscKo.)
3MHHTa e MHOfO onacHa 33 .neuaTa, KOHTO ce HOC.HT no HHBHTe Ha
)f{'bTBa H no JIHBa,l{HTe Ha ITJiaCTeHe ~ OCT3BSIT rH no.n .nopBeTaTa B
JIIOJIKa. 3alll,OTO B.HpBaHeTO HapO)J.HO YTB'bp}K)J.aBa, qe TH - 3MHHTa,
BJIH3aJia Ha .neTeTo B ycTaTa H OTTaM B KopeMa. A C'blll,O TaKa TSI BJIH3a-
Jia B KopeMa Ha llOBeKa, aKO CilH Ha ITJia.nHe C OTBopeHH yeTa. TaKaBa
3MHH, KOHTO e BJie3HaJia B KOpeMa Ha .neTeT~ HJIH Ha tJOBeKa, Hapo.nHOTO
B.HpBaHe YTB'bp)K)J.aBa, qe MO.>KaJia .na .>KHBee )J.'bJlfO BpeMe, .nopH aKo
e MaJIKo 3MHMlle, Mo.>KeJio B KopeMa Ha .neTeTo H :sa 'IOBeKa .na *HBee
H pacTe. TaKaBa 3MHH rrHeJia tJOBeKa H M'htieJia ro MHoro. HMa cyMa
rrocoqeHH npHMepH 3a TaKHBa CJiytJaH . .lla He 60.ne TaKOBa Hell(aCTHe
BHpBaHeTo nperropotIBa: 3a .neuaTa - MaiiKaTa .na H)J.e nyJitJeu. H 3MHH-
cKa Tpeaa H Toraaa .na KopMH )J.eTeTo, a 3a cTapHTe xopa - Te caMH )I.a
H.l{aT OT TaH JieKOBHTa H MarbOCHHl!eCKa TJ)eBa. OcBeH TOBa KaKTO MaH-
Ka'i'a, T'bH H BCeKH qoeeK JieTe Tp.H6Ba .na H)J.e lleC'bH. 3MHHTa MHOro
168 /lHMHT1'P MAfHHOB

6Hra.Jia OT Hero. (Ba6a MapHH, c. KpHBO)lOJI, BpallaHcKo~ 6a6a MapHH

CHB-KoHoBa, c. MaJiopaT, OpHXOBCKO, 6a6a MH'la l1JIHH1IeBa, c. Ko3ap
BeJieae, CBHIII.OBCKo.)
BHpBaHeTo HapO)lHO pa3K83B8, qe 3MHHT8 HJIH CMOK'bT, oco6Ho
3a IlOCJie,ll:HHH, aKO )lO)KHBee )la Hail'bJIHH .no 40-ro)lHllIHa B'b3pacT,' TOH
noJiyllaBaJI KpHJie, H3paCTBaJIH MY )lBe KpHJie H3Il0)l rnaaaTa )lOJIY H
cTaBaJI :xaopKoBaT. TaK'bB cMOK npHJIH'laJI Ha xaJia . (Ba6a To.nopa, c.
CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a MapHH~ c .. ManopaT, 6a6a 11BaHa, c. BHJia CJiaTHHa,
6a6a B'hJIKatta, c. JluTaKoao, 6a6a )lparaHa, c. MapHH, 6a6a MoMa, c.
To.nioauu, EJiettcKo.)
3MHHTa He yMHpaJia . KaTo eaB'bpllIBaJia 40 ro,llHHH, 3MHHCKHHT
ll.ap H npamaJI a n'hK'bJia )la noMara Ha ,nHBOJIHTe ,lla M'b"IH rpellIHHUHTe;
CTaBaJia )lHBOJI. OTTaMO H xopaTa H HapHllaT )lHBOJI. Ho MHOro pH,llKQ
ca TH.ff 3MHH, saw.OTO "IOBeK y6HB8 3MHH BCHKora H BCHK'b)le C8MO aKo
H cpew.He·. (Ba6a TieHa PHcToaa, c. CTy6eJI, KYTJIOBCKO, 6a6a BH,lla H
.6a6a To,llopa, c. CTaKhOBUH, BeJiorpa,ll"IHllIKO, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, ·c. JIH-
TaKOBo, OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a MHlla l1JIHH11eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBH-
lll.OBCKO, 6a6a ,UparaHa, c. MapHH, EJiettcKo, 6a6a MapHH YsyH-HHKo-
.noaa, c. IllHnKa.)
AKO 3MHHTa IlJIIOBHe Ha 'l0BeKa B ycTaTa, TOH nonyqaaaJI cno-
co6HOCT ,ll8 pa36Hpa e3HU.HTe Ha BCH"IKHTe IlTHUH H JKHBOTHH. TipHK83-
Ka a MOH c6opHHK, CJiylliaHa OT 6a6a Caaa 11BaHHUa, C. 6HJia CJiaTHHa,
.non'hJIHeHa OT 6a6a MH11a 11JIHH"leaa, c. Kosap BeJieHe H 6a6a To,llopa
n. XpHCTOBa, C. . JIHTaKOBO - KaK e,llHH OB'lapHH, KaTO H368BHJI
3MHH OT m;nKap , TH MY IlJIIOBHaJia B ycTaTa H TOH IlO'lHaJI ,lla pa36Hpa
e3HUHTe Ha IlTHUHTe H JKHBOTHHTe. TITHUHTe MY IlOCO'lHJIH ,lla H3Konae·
K838H C )K'bJITHUH H CTaHaJI MHOro 6oraT. )l(eHa MY' JII06onHTHa ,lla
Y.3Hae oT~e H KaK e cne11eJIHJI THH napH, npHHY.>KJlaBa ro ,lla H Ka.>Ke.
TioHe.>Ke 3MHHTa MY 0HJia Ka3aJia, qe aKO o6a,llH HHKOMY TaH TaHHa,
TOH qac., KoraTO H o6a)lH, rue yMpe, H M'b.>K'bT, KaTO 3HaeJI TOBa, pernHJI
.na o6a,llH Ha .>Retta CH, HO npHrOTBHJI ce H ,lla yMpe. Ky11eTo T'hryBaJio
H nJiaKaJio, tie rocno,II.apHT MY me yMpe OT rJiynocTTa Ha .>KettaTa, a
neTeJI'hT .ce cMeeJI. KoraTo ro _ynpeKtta110 3a Toaa Ky11eTo, neTeJI'bT MY
OTrOBO,PHJI: ,,HeKa yMpe, K8TO e rnynaB, Ta CJiyllia JKeHa CH ; 83 HMaM
40 KOKOillKH H CMHpHBaM H BJia,lleH, a TOH HMa e,llH8 ' .>KeHa H TH ro
BJia,llee. 3a _T aKaBa JKeHa cypoBHUa." M'h)K'bT, KaKTO 6H.n aeqe JierHaJI
.na yMpe, KaTo qyJI TOH paaroaop Me)K,lly neTeJia H KylleTO, CKO'lHJI OT
.nerJIOTO CH, 3eJI e,llHa cypoBHUa H H8JIO.>KHJI xy6aao )KeHa CH H TH aeqe
aa6paBHJia ,lla ro nHTa OT,lleKa e cne11eJIHJI THH napH.
3MHHT8 3Hae uepoBeTe Ha BCH'lKHTe 6oJieCTH H Il03HaBa BCH'lKHTe
JieKOBHTH 6 HJIKH. C'bc CHJI8Ta Ha THH 6HJIKH TH MO.>KeJia ,lla ce npeTBapH
B )KeHa H "IOBeK [M'b.>K ] .
BeruHUHTe, KOHTO noJiy'laBaJIH cnoco6HOCT ,lla B'bplliaT BCHKaKBH
q y,lleca , TaH cnoco6HOCT ,ll06HB8JIH qpe3 THH 6HJIKH, HO THH 6HJIKH
Ha y tJaBaJI H OT 3MHHT8. (B c6opHHK8 MH npHKa3KaTa 38 aeru.HUaTa ,
KOHTO .>KHBHJia KpaH peKa H KOHTO HMaJia IlHJieHua, HO THH IlHJieHua ca
 HAPOtiHA Bf[PA 169
6HJIH 3MHHtleTa. ITpHKa3KaTa e 3a 3JiaTHOTO MOMHtJe, CJiyrnaHa OT
6a6a MapHH CHa-KoHoaa, c. MaJiopaT, a ;i:on-bJIHeHa oT 6a6a MHtJa
V

l1JIHH11eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)

B fOJIHMOTO Mope, KOeTo e Hacpe;i: 3eMHTa, HM3JIO e;i:Ha fOJUIMa
3MHH - fOJIHM CMOK, llY.Ji:OBHIIie, KOeTo MO)KeJio ;i:a r Jl'bTHe UHJia re-
MHH. (Ba6a MapHH CHa-KoHoaa, c. MaJiopaT, 6a6a B'hJJKaHa, c. JlH-
TaKoao.) .
B 11ecT Ha 3MHHTa ce npa3HyaaT BJiaroaeu H EpeMHH, KoraTo ce
BbpillaT HHKOH o6pe;i:H C HHKOH peJIHfHO3HH o6HtJ3H.
AKo CbHyaa 1:1oaeK 3MHH - JJorno e.
AKo ro yxane HaCbH - MHoro·Jiorno, rn.e nocrpa;i:a OT HenpHHTeJI.
AKo y6He 3MHH - ;i:o6po e, m.e YHHIIJ.O)KH HHKOH caofl ;i:yrnMaHHH.
(Ba6a BnJIKaHa, c. JiuraKoao.)

B) f y IU e p
MaKap H C'bBbpilleHO OT ;i:pyr po.A BJie11yra, BHp-
BaHeTO Hapo;i:Ho 06a11e ro CB'bp3Ba THCHO C'bC 3MHHTa H npu;i:aaa MY
BCHt{KHTe KalleCTBa, KOHTO HMa 3MHHTa.
I1 rym.epbT XO.AH Ha KpaH CBHT B 3MHHCKaTa rrei:qepa; H rym.ep'bT
ce BpbIUa rrpI{ Hae iipoJieT Ha BJiaroaeu. ~To 3ai:qo, xoraTo Il'b.Ji:HT c
MaillHTe H pb.>KeHa 3MHHTe, Il'b)i:HT H ryi:qepa.
I1 33 ryrn.epa HapO.Ji:HOTO BHpBaHe pa3K33Ba, qe K3TO CTHrBaJI ;i:o
4O-rq;i:HrnHa Bb3pacT, TOH ;i:o6HB3JI KpHJie H XBbpKaJI: TOH CTaBaJI e;i:HH
po;i: or 3MeHoBeTe.
fyi:nepbr, aKo 3axanBaJI lloBeK, Hero rrycKaJI, ;i:o;i:eTo He qye, 1:1e
Marape npopeae. (Ba6a To;i:opa, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a MapuH, c. lIIHnKa.)

r) )Ka 6 a

I1Ma;i:aaau;i:a:c y xa )Ka 6 a H B o;i: Ha )Ka6 a.

CyxaTa )Ka6a )KHBee no ropara H K'bl.U.HTe, a ao;i:HaTa - no pe-
KHTe J,f 6JiaTHI.U3Ta .
)Ka6ara 3HMHO BpeMe ce 33BHpaJia ,A'bJI60KO B )i:'bHOTO Ha 6JiaTOTO
H TaMO 3acmrnaJia If C'bC C'bHH CH rrpeKapBaJia 3HMaTa. JlHTOTO ce C'b-
6y)K,ll3 H H3JIH33 H3B'bH.
AKo cyxara )Ka6a no ,ll'bpBeTaTa aeqepHo apeMe notrne ;i:a KpHKa,
c r oaa rrpe;i:aemaaaJJa, qe apeMeTo rn.e ce pa3BaJIH, m.e BaJIH ,Ab)K,A.
AKo e 6e3,Ab)K,AHO H cyrna, BHpaa ce, 11e aKo ce y6He :ma6a, w.e
133JIH ,Ab)K,A.
MoKporar a Ha )Ka6aTa e ape;i:1neJIHa; ,Aero ;i:onpe TaH MOKpora
no KO)K3Ta Ha lJOBeKa, TaM H3HHKBaT 6pa,AaBHUH.
B o6pe;i:HTe )Ka6ara ce Hf' cpei:qa.
8 Hapo;i:u a 1a Me,AHUHHa H B HHKOH CJJ)'118H H B He e
Marirnre TH
H3KJUO'lletta. B npHKa3KHre :ma6ar a ce qecr o cpew.a Kar o A'hW.epn
 170 JiHMHT1'P MAPHH-0/j

uapcKa, KORTO OT :>Ka6a CTaBa M0M8. (ITo.no6Ha <J>aHTaCTlftlHa DpHKa3Ka

B c6opHHl<a MH, cJiywaHa oT 6a6a MapH.SI CHB-KoHoBa, c. ManopaT'.)
B roaopa >1<a6ara ce HapH11a nuK.llUBa H Ha He.SJ ce onpHJilfllasa
pa3BJie'leHa, MpncHa >KeHa.

4. HACEKQMH (EYEOJJEC/KH)
t,' .

OT HaceKoMHTe HJIH 6ybone'IKHTe, KaKT0 rH HapH11ai

H8pO)l'bT, B'bB 13.SipBaHeTO HapO.llHO H B o6pe.nHTe BJIH33T CJie)J.HHTe:

a) TI q e JI a
TI11enaTa e 6JiarocJioBeHa OT (fora 6y6oneqKa.
Hapo.nHoro B.SipBaHe pasKa3Ba, 11e n11ena e npHHeJia roJIRMa ycJiyra
Ha 6ora H OT Ta.H ycnyra T.ff e crpa.naJia. 3a .na .H Harpa.nH, rocnoA ,r
6JiarOCJIOBHJI H TH e HaH-6JiarocJIOBeHaTa )J.HeCKa.
HHKora rocno.n 6HJI pemHJI ,na o>KeHH CJJ'bHUero; 3a npe.ncT0HJ..U.a-
ra CBaT6a Il0K3HHJI BCH'IKHTe ,AHXaHH.H; caMO )l,.HB0Jia He IlOK3HHJI. ,UH-
BOJl'bT, KaTO H3Y11HJI 33 Ta.SJ CB3T6a, HXHaJI Ha saeK, MHHaJI IlOKpaii
-, KnmaTa Ha 6ora, sacMHJI ce H notJHaJI Hemo ,na 6op6opH. focno.u. ro
BHAHJI, Kora ce sacM.SJJI H Kora notJHaJI Aa 6np6op H. 3_
a Aa Y3Hae KaKao
CH 6np6opH AHB0JI'bT, rocno,n H3npaTHJI nqeJiaTa, KOHTO JieKO JieTH H
6op30 B'bpBH. TSI JIHTHaJia H K3UHaJia Ha Kan.aTa Ha ,AHBOJia H npHcJiy-
maJia KaKBO npHK33B3 . .lI.HBOJI'bT npHK33B3JI Ha ce6e CH TaKa: ,,KOJIKO
e rnynae TOH rocno.n; TOH ce KaHH ,na o>KeHH CJI'hHUeTo. Cera e.u.tto
CJI'hHUe rpee, na JieTe H3rapH BCHllKO, aMH aKO ce H3MHO>K3T CJI'bHUaTa,
TOraaa· KaKBO w.e CTaHel"
flqenaTa qyna Toea H JIHTHaJia Aa ce B'hpHe npH 6ora. JI.s:reoJI'hT H-
c'hrJie.l{aJI H H norHaJI ,na H CTHrHe. KaTo H rOHHJI, TOH XB'hpJIHJI no
HeH CTpeJIH H .H HapaHHJI B Kp'bCTa (nO.ll06UHama) H TH T'bH paHeHa e.u.aaM
H36.HraJia H CTHfHaJia npH 6ora; OT CTpax TH 6HJia CT3H3Jia caMO Mp'b~
COTHH.
TH Ka3aJia Ha 6ora BCHllKO H rocno,l{ 0TMeHHJI CBaT6aTa; peruHJf
.na He :>KeHH CJI'hHUeTo. .
Ho n·11enaTa, e.nHo 6HJia paHeHa, a .npyro 6HJia oMnpceHa, 11 aKo
H3Jie3He TaKaea npe.l( APYfHTe .l(HX3HH.ff, KOHT0 ca 6HJIH H3}lOlllJIH B
.neopa, TO OT cpaM H DOAHrpasKa He me HMa K'h)le .na ce .neHe. 3aroaa
ce onnaKaJia Ha 6ora: ,,Cera TaKaBa OM'hpceHa H TaKaBa paHeHa, K'b,!le
}la 0TH)la H KaKBO .na npaBH?" focno.n .ff yTeWHJI H peK'bJI: ,,M'hJillH, ae
nJial!H. 11 TaKa paHeHa c npeK'bpWeHa Il0JIOBHHa TH me }Kl{Beelll; ll
ra1<a npe~'hpmeHa Ha .nee w.e 60.l(ein naK xy6aBa H rHs,naBa H ac~~ora
w.e neeli.I. H .ff H3JiexyaaJI. ,,Asa MpncOTHHTe TH He 6oii ce, oTcera Ha·
T3T'bK HeKa 6'b)l3T 6narocJ10BeHH H .na MHpHlllaT Ha xy6aeo H npllHTfl0,
TeoHTe Mp'hCOTHH .na MH ce DO)lHaC.HT K3TO H8H-npH11TeH H MlfJI no,!la·
HA POil HA BflPA 171,"
p'bK. Toaa, w.o e y JI.pyrHTe >KHBOTHH Mp'bCHO H 33 epaM - y re6e ).(a·
6'b,!{e llHCTO, CJ13JI.KO H CBHTO, 14
11 TaKa Jl3HHOTO Ha ntteJiaTa CT3H3JIO Ha MeJI. H B0e'bK. Me,noT CJia-
.ZU{ l(eJI}UI CB}lT, a BOC'bKpT ce naJIH npe,n 6ora. .
11 TaKa ntteJiara crattaJia Ha nottHT H noxaaJia npe,n BCHttKKTe►
(IlpHK33KaTa B c6opHHKa MH, cJiyrnaHa or 6a6a BoJIKa H 6a6a MapHH-,.
c. ~HHOBUH , I\YTJIOBCKO, 6a6a BoJIKaHa, C. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHH-
CKO, 6a6a MHtta 11JIHHtteaa, c. Ko3ap EeJieHe Cam.uoacKo. Cps ►
C6HY, IX, 134, C<><t>HHCKO.) '
Orroraaa Me,A'bT H BOC'bK'bT ca CT3H3JIH JieKOBHTH; € THX ee JieKy-
BaT BCH'IKH 60JIKH; npe,A Me,Aa H BOC'bKa 6Hrar BCH'IKH MarHH,. BCtt'«IKlf
JIOlllH JJ.HX3HH.H.
B ttecr Ha ntteJiara HMa ycrpoeHo IJP33HeHcrao Ha ca. IlpoKonmL
B 11ecr Ha n11enara Ha 61>,AH.H aettep ce KaJI.H Me,n H BOO'bK.
B'bB BCHllKHTe MOMHHCKH, Jl333pCKH H KOJie,AHH neCHH nqeJiaTa
ce J3'b3nHB3 C noxBaJia. T.H ce H3pH113 ,,JiflBa n11eJia", T. e. TaKaBa,.
KOffTO e Heii.oceraeMa 38 HHK8KBH JIOIIJH ,nyxoae, npe,n KOHTO 6Hra
BCH'IKO, Ill.0 e JIOIIJO. B KOJie)tHHTe neCHH ce nee:
'
KoIIJapH ce H3pOHJIH:
Bee KOIIIapH, ·ece Jieeau.H;
BcHKa n11eJia JIHBa-nt1ena,
JleKOM JieTH no rpeBHUa,
no rpeaHua, -no pocnua,
Ta c1>6npa MHoro 6Jiaro;
BcHKa HOCH Ha HO.>KHU.a'
Ha HO.>KHU.a no JI'b.>KHUa,
Ha rJiaBHUa no naHHU.a,
BcHKa HOCH no .>K'bJITHU.3,
l·fa c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a· ITeHa PHcToBa, c. Cry6en, KyrnoBcxo. CpB,
C6HY, I, 3, 4, 5; III, 5, 23; IX, 4

Hapo,nHaTa BHpa yreop.>K,naea, qe ·H JIHecKa caMo nt1eJiara MO>Ke

,na H3JJe3He npe,n 6ora.
,llyllJHTe Ha ,ne'IHUaTa CTaBaJIH Ha ffqeJIHUH H K3'J'O T3KHB3 OTH-
B3JJH y paH. (Ba6a BH,na H 6a6a To,nopa, CraKbOBUH, 6a6a MapHH,.
c. CMOJIHHOBUH, 6a6a To.l:{opa JI. XpHc1oea, c. JIH'laKoeo,. 6a6a MH11a
l1mn1qeea, c. Ko3ap Eenette.)
,,Yxanana ro ITlleJia 33 e3HKa" - e y3pet1HUa 33 IJOBeK,. KOHTO CH
ITHHHaJI, ra e3HK'bT MY e ceopsaH. Hapo,nHoro BHpBaHe yreop.>K,naea, tte
ntteJia, Ka10 y.>KHJIH qoeeKa, .>KHJioro iJ ocraea e KO.>Kara. Bes ryii .>KHJio,
nqeJiaTa YMHpa. Y.>KHJieHOTO ce JieKyBa c 6a.HHe H c HaJiaraHe Me,Il H
naH.>KHHa.
AKo C'hHyBalll nqeJia - ,no6po e.
AKO H3C'hH poeua KOillap B K'bll{aTa - MHOro e ,Il06po, me HMa·
roJJHM npH,llo6HB B K'hlll.H, roJIHMa neqa~6a. (Ba6a MapHH CHB-KoHoBa~.
c. MaJiopar.)
172 tiHMll"T'bP MAPHHOB.

6) M p a B K a, 6 p 'b 6 H H H K (e 3ana)lHa
D'b_JJrapHH)

Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe pa3Ka3Ba, qe H MpaaKaTa e

6JiJia nt1ena, Ho nocne, KaTo nperpeunr;ia Hemo ·npeJJ. 6ora, 3a HaKa-
·3a_ irne cTaHaJia M·paeKa.
. . B o6pe.nHTe He cpema ce HHK'h,ne; B HapoJJ.HaTa MeJJ.HUHlta H e
·H.HKOH CJJytlaH H B'bB BHpBaHH.HTa ce cpema. . .
BHpea ce, 11e e Koma, ,neTo H3Jie3HaT MpaBKH, ,no6po e, a JJ.eto· ce
M3AHra MpaeuHRK, T. e.· >KHJIHII(eTo Ha MpaBKHTe - TaMO HMaJIO 33KO-
TI3HO HMaHe.
,,U.HJI 6pn6HHHK" HJIH ,,U.HJI MpaByHHK" - ce K33B3 33 K'bJ.Ua,
..AeTO HMa MHOro .ne11Hua H lJeJIHJ(.
,,ll.HJI 6po6HH.HK" HJIH ,,U.HJia MpaBKa" - ce K33Ba 33 11OBeK,
1<6HTO e yMeH, necteJIHB, Tpy,nomo61-rn.
TI11eJiaTa H MpaBKaTa B'bB BCHlJKHTe npHK33KH, IlOCJIOBHUH H
lf3T3HKH ce 3HM3T KaTO o6pa3eu. Ha Tpy,nomo6He, cnecTeJIHBOCT H 33
.noyKa Ha IlOCJIYillHOCT H pe.u. B 3a,npyraTa H ceMeHCTBOTO.

B) TI e Ile p y J( a
HaceKOMO, KOeTO Hapo,nHOTO B.HpBaHe npe,ncTaBJISI-
.Ba K3TO ra.ZU,IHKa, KOHTO JieTH OKOJIO 6ora H MOJIH BC.HKora 33 ,ll.'b)KA.
KoraTO H3CTaHe cyilla, Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe e ycTpOHJIO o6pe.n C
.peJIHrH03HH H.HKOH o6H113H, Hape11eH nenepyJJ.al. KOHTO' me 60)1.e no-
.Jl,OJIY OTTHC3H.

r) B o >K a K p a B H u. a
Ta.ff 6y6yJie11Hu.a e MaJIKa, 11epeeHa c 6eJI'H Kan-
·11HUH. HapOJJ.HOTO B.HpBaHe .SI npeJJ.CT3BJIHBa KaTO KpaBHU.a Ha 6ora. 4•
TipHK33B3 ce, qe Be)J.H'b>K e,AHO MOMHlle, XB'bpJieHo OT 6al.ija CH B
~JI.Ha nycTa ropa no HaCTOHBaHeTo Ha MamexaTa H, H3ry6HJIO n'hT H
cpeJ.UH3JIO Ta-H 6y6oJielJKa: MOMHlleTO Hce OilJI3K3JIO H .SI IlOMOJIHJIO .na H
noKa>Ke ffhT JI.a H3Jie3e H3 TaH ropa H 6y6one11KaTa H H3BeJia. OTTora-
'Ba HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe npenopo11B3, KoraTo MOMHlle HJIH MOMa e·HJJ.H
Ta.ff 6y6oJielJK3, ){3 H raJIH H ){3 .SI MOJIH .na 'i f noKa>Ke Il'bT:
KaJIHHKe, MaJIHHKe,
Ka>KH K3KH Il'bTI

. Toea ce IlOBTapH JJ.O TpH Il'bTH.

TyK MOMHlleTo HJHl MOMaTa ce npe){CT3BJIHBa KaTo CHaxa, a 6y-
6oJiellK3Ta Kar o no-MJia,l{a H no-MaJIKa OT THX, 3aTOBa H HapHllaT

,. :[ABTOp'bT CMecsa HaceK0M0T0 6ol1Ca Kpaseua C naceK0MOTO KaJJHHK-8,

.JJaT. Cocdnella, K0eTO cna,ta K'bM pa3peAa K0JJHontepa. )
HAPOIIHA BflPA 173
,,KaJIHHKa", ,,MaJIHHKa", KaKBOTO BCHKa CHaxa HapHtia cectpHTe na
M'b:>K3 CH, no-MJia.nH OT HeH.
Bstpea·neto ctporo 3a6paHHBa .na ce y6Hea taH 6y6oJietJKa-
,,ll.HJia 6y60Jiet1Kau ce K33Ba 33 KpOT'bK llOBeK; B TOH cJiyllaH ce
pa36Hpa TaH 6y6onet1Ka .

.zi) B e III. H ua
Hapo.nnoto BHpBaHe npe.ncTaBJIHBa eem1n.1.ara 1<a-
10 JIOWO naceKOMo; TO XB'bptrH BetrepHo BpeMe H npHllHHHBa naKOCTH
Ha qoeeuHTe.
TH e nenepy.na trepHa C trepBeHH KanKH, HO Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe H.
npe.nctaBJIHBa Kato JIOW .nyx.

e) C T 'h p w e JI H III. 'b p K e JI

CT 'hp we JI 'h T [JiaT. Vespa crabro, HaH-rOJIH-

MaTa oca y Hae] e HaceKOMO, MHOro epe.ztHTeJIHO 3a .no6HT'bKa. H 33 tlO-
BeKa. HeroBOTO YJKHJIBaHe e CM'bpTOHOCHo; oco6eHO e onaCHO, aKO
rose.no, KOH HJIH Il'bK tlOBeK MHHe 6JIH30 OKOJIO THXHOTO JierJIO HJIJ,£
aKo. CJiytJaHHO cpemHe poHK or CT'b prneJI - poHK'hT ro Hana.na H c
Y*HJIBaHHHTa CH ro YMOpBa, 331IJ.OTO CTaBa OTOK fOJIHM H fHOHCBa,.
Ta orpaBH BCHllKaTa Kp'bB.
CroprneJI'hT e 6HJI ntreJia, HO nopa.nH re*'hK rpHx rocno.n ro Ha-
npaBHJI Ha croprneJI. CroprneJI'bT ce CtrHTa Karo Jiorn ,nyx. (Ea6a To.no-
pa H 6a6a BH.na, c. CTaKhOBUH.) ·
,,CTopmeJI" B npeHoceH CMHC'bJI 03HallaBa JIOllI, Cop,nHT, naKOCTeH
'IOBeK. ,,OcTaBH TOH CT'bpllieJII" - ce K33Ba 3a JIOllI 'IOBeK.
II.I.
'b p K'e JI [JiaT. Hydroderrna bovis, BH,n Myxa] e ,npyro roJKe
epe,nHTeJIHO HaceKoMo; oco6eHo e naxocTJlHBO 3a roee,nara. J1HTHO
epeMe, Koraro e ropemo, IIJ.opKeJI'hT Hana,n.a Ha roee,nara B UHJI poHK H
TaKa CHJIHO xane, moro roee.nara OT 6oJIKH xyKear .na 6srrar; Toea ce
Kassa ,,IIJ.p'bKJieHT roee,naTa".
HsrKora ca mpoKJIHJIH oeuere, HO ,nH,no rocno.n, Karo xo,nHJI no.
seMHTa, OTHW'bJI npH rose.nap.ff, KOHTO Jie)l{aJI IlO)l CHHKa , H MY IlOHCKaJI
eo,na. foee.napHT, 6e3 .na Mpo,nne .nopH, MY ~asaJI ,,Khopae He CH; ero e
KJia,neHeIJ.'hT, H)lH ce Hamrl" H CH o6opHaJI rop6a . ,UH.no rocno.n roraea
OTHllI'bJI npH OB'IapH H MY IlOHCKaJI BO)la. ,,Cera, ,11..ff)lO, me TH .noHeca -
peK'bJI oe11apHT, - HO noeap,nH TH oeuere, .no.nero ce B'hpHa, 331IJ.OTO.
IIJ.P'hKJieHT." ,,11,nH, CHHKO - peK'bJI )l.ff)lO rocno)J., - 33 me Bap,nH 08-
UH'l'e." Qeqap.HT OTHllI'bJI H )lOHeC'bJI npHCHa BO)la H H3IlOHJI AH.no roc-
no)la.
Toraea AHAO rocno.n 6narocJIOBHJI OBU.HTe H CB'IapHTe H 33IlOBH-
JJ.aJI Ha IIJ.'hpKeJia .na He 3a,nHea ee11e OBUHTe, a .na OTH,ne npH roee.naTa :.
11 TaKa CTaHaJJO. roee.nara, K3KTO ne>KaJIH Ha IlJl8;llHHIIJ.eTo, OTBe)J.H'b>K:
nompoKJieJIH'. H xyKHaJJH .na 6Hrar; a roee.napHr, Koiho ce H3Jie>KaeaJI
 174 11.HMHToP MAPHHOB

noA .D.e6e.naTa CSIHKa~ XYKHaJI H TOH CJie)l T.ffX Jl3 fH fOHH ronorJiaB H
xanHaJI OT yMopa. (Qa6a BHP.a H 6a6a To.11opa, c. CTaKbOBUH, Ben~
rpa.z.tt1HmKo, 6a6a KoHa TTe-rKoea, c. A.nTHMHp, OpHxoscKo.)
BHpBaHe-ro H 3a m.opKena MHCJIH, qe e 11011J JlYX,

>K) 0 Ca
OcaTa e 6HJI3 TO.>Ke nqena, HO HaK33aHa OT 6ora
nopa.n.H HHKoe Henoc.nywaHHe.
11 ocaTa e MHOro epe.11HTeJIHO HaceKOMO. Y.>KHJIBaHeTO "e MHOfO
Bpe.n.JrreJIHO, a aKO ce cnyqH. USIJI po.HK, TO e H CM'bpTOHOCHo.· Ha Y>KH·
AeBOTO MJICTO CTaBa OT0K, KOHTO rHO.ffCBa H OOJIH. "TIHK3JI Ha oca" ce
xa3ea 3a qoeeK, KOitTo necHo KHnea H .'leTH Ha 6oif.
nMaxuH Taff oca!" ce K33Ba TO.>Ke 33 qoaeK, KOHTO OT MaJIKO KHO-
Ba H 33B'bp3ea xaera. (Ba6a KoHa, c. A.nTHMHp, 6a6a TieHa Pecrosa,
-c. CTy6e.n.) .
M ocaTa ce cqHTa 3a JI0IIJ .11yx HJIH 3a cnyra Ha now JlYX- (Com.HTe
6a6H.) .

5. PHE H

PH6HTe, KOHT0 ce cpemaT B Hap0,llHOTO BHpBaHe H

1B HapOJlHHTe peJIHfHO3HH o6pe.11H H OOHqaH, ca CJieJlHHTe:

a) III a pa H
IllapaH'bT ce npenop'bqBa OT BHpBaHeT0 HapOJlH0
KaTo cnyra Ha ce. HHKOJia. (Ba6a MapHH, c. KpHBOJJ.OJI, Bpaqaecxo,
6a6a MH11a MnHifqeea, c. Ko3ap Benene, CeHIIlOBCKo.) 3aToea Ha
HHKYJIJJ.eH ce KOJIH H npHnacJI KaTo )l('.epTea caMo wapaH. OT lllapana
npaBHT pH6HHK, KOHTO ce KaJlH Ha HHKYJIJJ.eH. lllapaH'bT ce KaJJ.H ome
Ha c.ny.>K6a, npHHOC (3a JlYWa) H Ha o6pox. IllapaH'hT eapeH HHKora
11e ce HJle, a caMo neqeH. fleqeH rnapaH ce H Ka)J.H. _
IllapaH'bT ce CilOMHHJI B MHOf0 neCHH KaTO JiaKOMa pH6a.
BHpBaHeTO Ha_p0JJ.HO HclMHpa, tie B H3BecTHH J.lYllleBHH 6oJiecTH
OOJJHHJIT TpH6ea J.la 60.11e aapet.teH OT rnapatt, T. e. )J.a MY e 3a6paneno
.)la HJle wapaH.
6) Ill y K a H n JI a T H K a
11 JlBeTe ce Ka)l.ffT, HO MHOfO pH)J.KO; lllYKaTa ce
,cqHTa 33 JiaKOMa pH6a H T.ff HJle YJl3BeHH xopa.
lllyxaTa e B'b3IlJITa, KaKTO rapeae'bT. IUyxaTa Me>K.lJ.Y pu6HTe H
rapBaH'bT Me.>K}ly IlTHUHTe ca XHillHH.
lllapaH 3a 3apan (3a yTpe).
,HAPO/lHA Bf{PA 175
lll,yKa 33 TyKa.
TIJiaTHKa 3a BJia)lHKa

ca H3pet1HHU.H, K0HT0 Il0K33BaT: wapaHbT )la ce H,lle Ha .llPYfHH )leH, .na

npecT0H CbC C0JITa; InYKaTa )lace H)le Ha MHCTOTO, ,lleTo ce YJIOBH, T. e.
)KHB3, a nJiaTHKaTa e 33Ila3eHa 33 BJI3)lHKaTa no CB0H BKyc.

B) Mp H H a, Mp H H K a

E)lHa OT H3H·Il03H3THTe Ha HapO)lHHTe HH rreCHH

pH6a, a oco6eHo Ha M0MHHCKHTe. MoMaTa H 6ynKaTa ce onpHJIHqaear
C Mp.srna pH6a. ,,l.I,HJia MpHHa" ce Ka3Ba 33 MOMa HJIH 6yJIK3, KOHTO e
KpacHea, ffhJIHa H crpoihrn. ,,TipeMpe>1rnJia oqH KaTo MpeHKa pH6a" -
ce nee 33 OllHTe Ha MOMa, KOHTO HMa oqH roJieMH C peCHH KHTHH, a
TOBa ce CllHTa 33 6ener Ha cpaMe:>KJIHBOCT, HeBHHHOCT H C )l06po Cnpu.e.
B neCHHTe ce cnOMHHH ,,wapa pH6a", KOHTO He me 6'h.ll,e .ll,pyra
oceett no3HaTaTa .llHec necm1,pea HJIH n1,cm1,pea, T. e . nncrpa, wapeHa
pH6a .
CnoMHHH ce oine ,npyra pH6a, HapeqeHa ,,KHTa pH6a". TaH pH6a
:>KHBee B MopeTo; TH ce H3B'bpTa OKOJIO IIJiaBa.IUHTe Kopa6H H norJI'hI.Ua
mo na.ll,He HJIH ino 6n.ne xenpJieHo. TaKa e cear6apcKHTe necHH ce nee,
qe HSIJ<3KBa KHTa pH6a fJl'hTHaJia MaJiaMeHHH npncTeH Ha naeeJI IOHaK:

• na Hara3H IlaBeJI IOHaK,

3ara3H CH npe3 6eJI )lyHaB;
Karo 6ewe Hacpe.n )lyHaB,
J13na.ll,Ha MY MaJIMeH Il'bpcreH,
MaJIMeH nnpcTeH MeHOBHHKO.
Y3eJia ro Kiira pH6a,
Ta .ff fOHHJI rpH )lHH epeMe,
Ta .H roH HJI H .H cpaHaJI,
Ta CH 3eMaJI MaJIMeH nnpcreH,
MaJIMeH nnpcreH MeHOBHHKO.
C6HY, II, 9, N'l 11, Coq>HHC~o

l1Ma ome u .npyra pH6a, KOHTO ce CilOMHHH B neCHHTe KOJJe,nap-

CKH Karo pH6a, KOHTO ce no,nHacH Ha uapcKa rpane3a. nee ce , lie Ha
rpane3aTa HMaJIO BC.HKaKBH ro36H, HO:
Ou.r.e HHMa pH6a IloMopKHHa,
)la ce CJI0:>KH Ha qecrHa rpane3a.
C6HY, XII I, 87

PH6ara Ka3aJia : " 51 Me neq 1-_1, )l0)le MH no6eJieHT 0llHTe, H TB0HTe

no6enHearl", r. e. .na ce ne11e pH6ara .no6pe, HHa11e .or cypoea pH6a
ll0BeK YMHpa.
176 P.HMHT1 ,P MA PH HOB

TTocJioBHUaTa . [rJiacH:] ,,PH6aTa ce ycM'hp)lHBa OT rJiaBaTa".

AKO C'bHyBa llOBeK pH6a - _ 03Ha11aBa T'hra, nJiall.
AKo JIOBHill pH6a HaC'hH - me· noJiy11HI11 npecHH H0BHHH. (Ba6a
DeHa PHcToBa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a MapHH CHB-KoHoBa, c. MaJiopaT.)

r. BElll.ECTBEHA KYJITYPA B HAPO.llHOTO

B51PBAHE
06eKTHTe OT BemecTBeHaTa KYJITypa, K0HT0 BJIH-
38T B Hap0)lH0TO BHpBaHe H KOHT0 ce cpemaT B o6pe)lHTe H peJIHfH03-
HHTe o6H118H, ca )lOJIY H36poe!{HTe:
1. JlB"o p, ryMHO, orpaHb.
2. Koma H c'hcTaBHHTe ii 11~cTH.
3 . .lloMallIHa IlOK'hmHHa.
4. 3eMJie)len11ecKH ype,zur.
5. Ype)lH 3a 11<.eHcKo poKO)leJIHe.
6. O6eKTH 3a xpaHa.
7. O6eKTH 38 o6JieKJIO H H3KHT.
8. O6eKTH H3 MlrnepaJIHaTa o6JiaCT' OT K0HTO ce npaB.HT 0p'b)lHSI
H H8KHTH·.
9. ,llpyrH crpa.zm H3 ceJICKOTO CTOil8HCTBO.

1. JJ,eop, 2yMHO, 02pa11,c,

,llBOp'bT e 3a-rpa,u.eH C'bC CTeHa; ryMH0TO C IlJieT, a
orpaHbTa C )l'bCKH.J].Bop'hT,ryMHOTO HJIH orpaHbTa e MHCTOTO 3arpa,lleHo,
,lleTO e K'hII.I.8T8 ~ BCHllKHTe JI npHCTpOHKH: KOillapa, KOill, xaM6ap H Jlp.
,llBop HJIH ryMHO, HJIH orpaHh cTaBa caMo T_oraBa, KoraTo e 3arp ~)\.ea.
He3arpa.lleH ~Bop Hee .llBOp.
HapO.llHOTO B.HpBaHe rne,lla Ha .llBOpa c roJI.HMo 6naroroBeHHe,
3amoTO B Hero ce H3B'bp11IB8T MHOro OT peJIHfH03HH Te o6pe,llH H OOH'l3H.
BHpBaHeTO YTB'bp1K.ll8Ba 'tJe aKO )lBOp'bT e H36paH Ha ,Zl06po MHCTO~
ceMeHCTBOTO HJIH saopy2ama, KO.SITO me :>J{HBee B Hero, Ill.~ O'h){e
macTJIHB8 B'bB BCHllKO H B TO.ff ){BOP me npe1KHBeHT ueJIH IIOKOJieHHH~
aKO JIH ce CJIY'IH MHCTOTO JI0ilIO, ToraBa 38.llpyraTa HJIH ceMeHCTBOTO
He BHpee, K'hmaTa 3anycn1Ba. ·
ETO 3amo np H H30HpaHeTO Ha MHCTO 38 HOB ,ZlBOp TpH6Ba ){3 ce
rne){a Aa 60.l{e Ha oo6po MRCmo.
MHCTOTO e H36paHO, HO 0111.e )lBOp Hee. 3a ){a CTaHe ){Bop, Tp.H6Ba
)la 60.l{e 3arpaAeH. Ka10 C'hcTaBHH 'llacTH Ha ){Bopa ca:

a) 0 K o:n HJIH n JI e T

OKon'hT ·e 3arpa){aTa aa ){Bopa, Kora10 e 3arpaAeH

c xeH){eK; nneT'hT e H3nJieTeH c np'hToae. Oxona HJIH nneTa HapOAH0TO
.H A P O Ji H A B fl P A 201
3aKaqH H MHHaaa1 6ea Aa r.o noape)l.H. (Ba6a BnJIKaHa, c . .JIHTaKoB.o,
6,6a Ileaa PHcT.oaa~ c.. Cry6~ .6a6.a MH1Ia H;mirqeea, .c. Kosap
BeneKe.,)
Axo-MOMa .HJIH.6y.JII<a n:hTyear c K0Jia H.ca ce.u.HaJIH .B T.HX, HHKa-
K'bB sMeH He M0:>Ke .na HM HanaK0CTH, MaKap H .u.a JieTH OKOJIO KOJiaT.a,
3a~ot«;>. K()JiaTa ca no-crnJIHH. OT Hero. (Ba6a l.J.e.m~ Iln1Ioem1-a, c_ .
MapalllK~ TpncTeRHK, OJieBeHcKo, 6a6a i\1.H1Ia l1JIHfiqeea, c. Ko3,ap
Be.11eHe, Cem1~0BcKo,)
-. KoraTo KOJiaTa ca c·l:IJlHH., 3amo Toraea KepaaH'hT, .KoHTO, H3-
.MaMeH .OT JI'b>K~-KepsaHKaTa . 3Bes.na, K8T.O TP'hl'HaJJ B IlOT.8HHa .u.o6a'
e H3rHHaJI? ...... sanHrax 6a6a Mlltta l1JIHH:t1eea, .6a6a BnJIKaHa,
6a6a. U.eHa.
- 3aur.or.o tJ0_J3eL(HTe --}le , c~ 6HJIH Ha K0JiaTa, a XO.llHJIH B'b3 K0-
'13Ta. _fp..HX e ,na. ~e KatJH qp,eeK Aa .ce · ao~H Ha .KbJiaTa.~ .KoraTo ca Ha-
·oeapeHH; a .KepeaH'hT e 6HJI Bee H8TOBapeHH. KOJia - MH 0TfQ~0pHxa
,e11eHHTe 6a6H.
·KoJia-:i;a saeMar- e~.nHo M.Hcro H a o6pe.nHTe.
Ha Bo.llH.H set1ep npH .llpyrHTe o6pe.llHH XJI.H6oBe HMa oco6eH
o6pe.l{eH XJIH6, nocBeTeH na K0JiaTa, H, HOCH HMe KOAa; B TOH XJI.H6
-ce npe,llCTaBJI;HBa ..HpeM"bT C. _ BOJIOBeTe, tJ0Be;K'hT H ocreH'hT M y.
Ha 6a61:rn,neH, KQraTo- Tp116aa .na 0'h.ll.e oK1>naHa 6a6aTa - ceJI-
<:Ka aKylllepKa, TH ~e qrKap_ea Ha peKaTa -He Ha .npyro, a C(;!.U.HaJia
Ha KOJiecap OT KOJia.
Ha nopBH TpmpyHeu (I ¢eepyapH) uap.HT Ha- JI03.HTa, KOHTO
~'b.lle .H36pa11, BKapeaT ro s ceJioTo, ce)lHaJI . Ha K0Jiecap OT KoJia.
He. caMo u.eJIHTe KoJia, HO. u oT.u.eJIHHTe. 11~ccrH Ha · KoJJaTa ce
<:Re~aT B- Hapo,AH0T0. , B.HpBaHe,. B Q6pe)lHTe H o6H1I8HTe. TH.SI C1:iCTa-
J3H,Jt- 11acTH Cc;l:
XoMom, RpeA-t. 5IpeM'hT"HMa Cl-fJia, KaKTO ·H KOJia-ra, H TaH ClfJia
TI'b,llHJI0lllH ,D.yxoee, 6oJieCTH, JI0lllH cpew.H, JI0lllH 01IH H pa3BaJIH .
'MarHH. (Ba6a Mwrn., c. I(o3ap Be.rreHe.)
KoraTo H.HKOH aa6oJiee OT orpaMa,. B.Hpea ce, tJe TYK .neHCTByea
JI0W ,nyx; aKo 6oJIHi.f'HT ce ·.npoepe ·npe3 51:pe~a, JiornHHT .nyx nofo1rsa
oir 'I0BeKa. (Ba6a MH11a ··HJIHHqesa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a:6a Kepa
JKem13Koea, c. BaJIBaH, T1>pHo~cKo.)
XOMOT'bT pa3BaJIH MarHH, C KOHTO MOM'bK'bT HJIH MJl8.l{O)KeHe-
•kl;T. e-,Bbp3aH.
B o6pe,llHHH XJIH6 K()Aatna HMa nP,e.l{CTa·eeti H_ X.0M0T c B0JJ0BeTe.
X0MOT'hT ce »sJrnea K..npH oo_i:e.D.me Ha ·caaT6a, KoeTo w.e 6b.Ae
-0n1caao· aa caoe MHCT0 •
.T(.OA6, XO/leAO, . mqf.(.U/lO. 0 K0JJ0T0 HMa ~bW.ara CHJl.a .
(em-1)1.eMH.51);
.flJfes KOJIOTO c_e, llP.OBHpaT ,neuara., KOfaTO .HMa pe~llH
-BSlpB~He.To YTB'hpJKJlae-a, qe 6onec.11nttaTa . (PMH_nTa).~ ~oSito e ,.JJQUI
.'/J.y~:- .:>Ke.Ha, ()Hra _or K0JIQT0. Kon(?TO ce cpellla .c'i>_mo Ji npH pa3lfcl_-
202 JJ.HMHT oP MAPHHO a

JIHHe MarHH. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JIHTaKoao, 6a6a Mw1a, c. Kooap

BeJieHe, oa6a Kepa, c. 'BaJIBaH ..)
(KoJioTo ce BH>K,aa a ,.fpa.nHao 3a aemecTBeHa KYJITypa", C6HY,.
XVIII, 121, pHc .•N'!~ -115.)
.Pa3mO'iHUK . HJIH onaULHUl{a. Pa3ToqHHK'hT HMa c1>ma MarHqec11a
(' HJia.
KoraTo TpH6Ba .na ce pa3BaJIHT MarHH, HanpaaeHH 3a oMpa3a,
3a 38B1>p3BaHe, 33 6oJie.nyaaHe, Tyf1 ce Bl>plllH Ha pa3TO"IHHK8, T. e.
6oJIHHHT HJIH B1>p3aHHHT ce ITOJIHBa C npHrOTBeHaTa ao.na Ha pa3-
TO'IHHKa, 33lll.OTO pa3TOlJ.HHKl>T npH,uaBa CHJia Ha M3fbOCaHaTa BO)ta.
AKo HHKOH MOMa e 3aJIH6eHa OT 3MeH H HI.U.e .na ce OT)teJIH OT He•
ro, npHraTBa ce BO.Ila OMarhocaHa; sapHT ce pa3HH 6HJIKH B HOBO
n,pHe Ha nycTO OfHHIUe H 33JIH6eHaTa MOMa HJIII 6y~1Ka 3aBe>K,llaT
HOIUHO Bpe!\-1e npH pa3TOllHHKa H ce.nHaJia Ha Hero, ITOJIHBaT .H C Taff
Bo.na. BHpBaHeTO Hapo.nHo yTBl>p.»<.nasa, qe 3MeHT Belle He npH~TbnBa
npH TaH MOMa HJIH 6ynKa, HJIH MOMbK, aKO ro 33JIH6HJia 3·\feHua.
(6a6a To.nopa, c . JlnTaKoBo, 6a6a ·cb6a, c. JiecH.npeH, 6a6a MapHK
CHs-KoHoe a, c. MaJiopaT, 6a6a CToHHa, c . KHe*a, 6a6a ·MH11a,
c. Ko3ap 6eneHe.)
)/(e27JA. )l(erbJibT TO)Ke npHTe.»<aBa CHJia MarHlleCKa. J1 TOH ce
cpern.a BbB BHpBaHM.SITa Hapo,nHH, B o6pe,nHTe · H B o6Hll3HTe.
Cpemy MarMH 38 33Bbp3B8He Ha MOMbK .»<erbJibT e CHJieH H
KaTo ce H3Bbpurn H3BeCTeH o6pe.n, KOHTO me 6b,ne OITHCaH Ha pe.na
CH, M3fHMTe ce pa3B8JIHT H MOMbKbT ce pa3Bbp3Ba. ETO 38Ill.O, KO-
raTO ome MeCHT CBaT6apcKHTe XJIH_OOBe, )Kefl>Jla ry.»<.uaT npH HOUl-
BHTe, K8TO ce BHpBa, qe TOraBa MarHHTe He ycmrnaT; Cbmo H B qep-
Tora Ha MJia,no)KeHu.1-ne me ce BHece .»<erbJib1' H me ce ry,nH npH
JierJIOTO HM H KoraTO nerHaT, ry)K.lJ.8T ro ITO.ll. B1..3fJI8BHHU.8T3. BHpea
ce, 1:1e aKo' ca HanpaaeHH MarHH, pa3B8JIHT ce. (6a6a Kepa, c. 6aJI-
BaH, 6a6a MHtJa, c. Ko3ap 6e.JieHe. Cpa. C6HY, XII, 34.)

6) K a T p a H H K, K aT pa H H u. a
KaTpamrnb T 61rna BCHKora OT roae.»<,nH, a noee-
tJeTo OT OHBOJICKH por;. pH,llKO KaTpaHHKbT e OT ,llbpBo. KaTpaHHK'b T
e OT,lleJieH, T·. e. HeC'hCTaBeH npe.nMeT KbM KOJiaTa, HO Hepa3JI'b'leH
OT THX :
6e3 KaTpaHHK Ko.Tia He MoraT. B K8Tp3HHK8 ce ,ll'bp.»<H KaTpaH,.
C KOHTO ce M8)K3T KOJI8Ta.
Ta.s1 K8Tp8HHU.a C KaTpaHa Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe C'lHTa 38 o6eK'l'H,.
KOHTO npHTe)KaBaT MarH11ecKa CHJia. KaTpaH'liT n'b,nH Jiaxy<'H1'e -
JIOlllH JlYXOBe; 33TOBa C KaTpaHa OT KOJiaTa ce Ma)Ke 'leJIOJ'O Ha 6yJ1-
Ka-po,nHTeJIKa, KOHTO e n'lJp8eCK.UHJl, T. e. pa>K)la IT'bpBo )leTe, ,la
.H He yJlap.s1T naxycHTe. C TOH KaTpaH .c e Ma*e 11eJiueTo Ha ;teTeTO OT
ypOKH H_OT nJia'I, _ KOHTO ca JIOWH .nyxoee; ~ TOH KaTpaH ce p'a3B81Ul1'
M3fHH; c TOR KaTpaH ce Ma.»<e ropHHHT npar Ha ap'aTaTa, Ta Ail .Jle
HAPO]iHA BflPA. 203
MoraT .n.a BJie3HaT JIOlllH .nyxoBe, Aa He ane3e HanpaTeHo H .na 6-»r~T-
oo.necTH. (Ba6a Map1u1 Cns-KoHoaa, c. ManopaT, 6a6a BbJiKa~.a,
c. JIHTaKoBo, 6a6a MHqa, c. Ko3ap BeneH~.)
KaTpaHHUaTa ce TYPH npH po.nH'1:enKaTa, 3a .na H na3H OT tta-
BHU.H. (Ba6a MapHH JleKoaa, c. PHJia. CpB. C6HY, XIII, 142,.
.CaMOKOBCKO.)
C KanKH OT TOH KaTpaH ce npbCKa HHBaTa, Ta 6po,Z1.HHU.H H M8M-
HM1UI .na He MoraT .na o6HpaT xnH6a . (Ba6a MapHH JleKoBa, c :· PHna,
6affa BonKaHa, c. ,TlHTaKoso.) · . ·
1'13o6mo KaTpaHHUaTa H KaTpaHoT ce cpemaT B MHoro o6pe.n.H:
H 'o6MtiaH.
(KaTpaHHUaTa [ce s1n1<.na] a ,,rpa.n.HBO 3a aew.ecTBeHa KYJITypa" >
C6HY, XVIII, 126, pHc. N21?.4.)

a) Konpan.H, ocTeH

KonpaJIHTa H OCTeHbT ca npoT0Be, . C ·KOHTO·

CeJIHKHHbT 60.ne, Ta Kapa B0JI0BeTe. OcTeHbT e no-KpaTbK H ce ynoT-·
pe6nsrna- BceKH .neH, a KonpaJIHTa e no-,D.bJira H ce ynoTpe6nsrna>.
KoraTo ce ope, a oco6tto KoraTo ·ce ope c tieTBOpKa.
Hapo.nttoTo BHpBaHe e .nano H Ha KonpaJIHTa MarH1.1ecKa CHJia:
OT HeJI 6.s:JraT C8M0BHJIH, 3MeHBe, xaJIH, BHxpyuIKa, cnpHH H BC.H-·
K3KBH JI0llJH .llY?C,OBe. MHoro TibTH opal.I ce Bpbw.a OT noJieT0, T. e.
OT opaHe, 6e3 K0Jiecap, caMo c B0JIOBeTe, BnperHaTH a flpeMa; T0Ba
CTaBa o6HKHOBeHO npoJieT, KoraT0 ce ope yrap; HO KaTO ca BOJIOBeTe·
H K3TO Jlbp.>KH K0npaJIHTa B pbU.eTe CH, opal.lbT e 3ana3eH. CnyqsaJio
ce, Ta opaq 6ea BOJI0Be H 6e3 KOJiecap, caMO C OCTeHa HJIH KonpaJIHTa.
e 33MJi)"hKB8JI H HOW.HO BpeMe e MHHaBaJI noKpaH caM0)J.HBCKH H3B0p
. HJIH KJia)leHeU, noKpaH nycTa BO)J.eHHU.a, npe3 peKa HJIH -M0CT H .npyro
JIOIDO 0TBpbTHO M.HCTO, .n.eTO 6opaBHT H o6HTaBaT ·caMOBHJIH, caMo-
;lHBH, T8J18CbMH, BaMnHpH H .n.pyrH JIOIIIH )J.HXaHHH, H TH.H .n.yxoBe·
JieTHT oKoJio Hero, HO He MoraT .n.a ro ycTpenHT H .n.a ro noape.nsT,
331.llOTO HOCH KonpanH B pbU.eTe CH. (Ba6a Cana HsaHHU.a, c . BHJia
CnaTHHa, 6a6a To.n.opa, c. JIHTaKoao, 6a6a Mapu.H C11a-KoH0Ba,
c. ManopaT, 6a6a MHtia HJIHHtiesa, c. Kc>3ap BeneHe, 6a6a 11.ecna,.
c. ;llepeMaxne.) .
(KonpanHTa [a.m.] a ,,rpa.n.1rno 3a aew.ecTBeHa KynTypa", C6HY"'
XV I II , 127, pH c. N2 127.) ·

r) fl aJI e }I{ H H K

Ype.ll }KeJie3eH, c KOHTo ce ope.

BHpBaHeTO HapOJlHO MY
)l3JIO fOJI.SJMO peJIHfHO3liO ynaJKeHHe·
H notJHTaHHe H fOJIHM8 Mar11qecKa CHJia.
IlaJie)KHHK'bT HMa CHJl3 .n.a _H3f0HBa OT qoBeKa pa3JIH'lH_H _6oJie'C-
Tif. H· J.lpyrH HeqKcTH Ayxoae. Ilopa.n,H Toaa naJieJKHHKa cpe~aM.e
204 Jl H M H T 'b P M A . 1> H ff O B

npu ·paaBaJIHU~ MarHH, qpH ·6 a_HHe OT; ypo~H, ~T ynnax8:,· OT ·.H~o;p~-

BeHo H HanpaTe Ho ff . itpyr~ .p.y_ w eBH~ _ n oap~.nu, · KOHTO ·, ~e th,Jlat
J:f3JIO}l{eHH_ o6mHpa_o.. s .APyra KHHra ,,Hapo.nHa .MellHUHHa .
O_ 6 Kp.l>}l{eH PT penHrJi0 3Ho iio11HTa~He, naJie}KHHK'hT ce cp~~a
B MHoro o6pe.ziH H peJIHrH03HH o6Htr'aH .
Ha . BbJJ.HH &e11ep, .KQraTo ce .Ka.AH :r.p_ane3aT~, K'hlll.aTa u . Bcffq -
Kl{T~ npHCTP.OHKH, QrbHHT H TaMHH'hT . ne ~~ ry.n}KaT B Ka)J.HJIHJ{Q.a
<pyqKa) , KaKTO T0Ba ·e npH xpffCT~HHCKH o6pe.n.._, ao ~a naJJe}KHHKa
If C Hero K8.IVIT.
· Cpew.y CypyBaK H, Ha BTopa Ka.u.eHa aetiep, KaK'i'o aap~qaT
•~8: ae11~p, H cpew.y . Bo)I.HQ.ff, IJ.a TpeTa. H nocne.n,.Ha Ka,AeHa..aeqep,
naK Ha naJie:>KHffKa ry}K,l1.3T OJ:'b~ ff TaMHH ~I C Hero .k a,nHT 'KFIKTO
Tpane3a -ra, TbH ff KoIII.aTa. u acHqKHTe npHcTpo iiKff. (Ba6a MapffH
.CHs-l(o Hoaa, c. Manopa T, . 6a6a CToHHa, c, l(He}Ka, 6a6a Co6a,
c. Jlecff.np·eH, 6a6a ,Uecna, · c. )lepeMa xne, 6a6a MH1.1a HnHiiqe sa,
·<;: 1(03ap Be~eHe..) · .
·KoraTo ce • no11_He opatteTo., HaH,-Haripe.n nane:>KHH~bT w.~ PoJ.J.e
npeKa.neH _ H 3aJIHT c a·ffHO H Toraaa ce Harnaca aa Ha nnyra ffJIH
·panoTo .na ce ope. ,Uaaa MY ~e :>1<epTBa, aa .na B'bpBH opatteTo Bece.no
H 3.ZJ.paBo H .na HMa xne6opo. n«e. (Ba6a. MHqa l1.1.n1:ii:iies.a , .c 1 Kosap
B.eneHe, 6a6a BoJIKaH a, ~- JluTa~oa o Kaaa: _,.ToBa .ce Boprnern ~ HH-
1<ora, cera ro Bop_ I IlaT c~Mo CTapHTe ~paqH.'")
. Ilpe3 Tpmpytt llHTe (l ,2,3 <pespya pff), KoraTo cnope.n H&POJJ.H0-
1:0 B..HpBaHe MO:>Kan9 .ila ce Il03Hae OT .w.o ll(e HMa n 'p e3 JIHTOTO Haii~
l\1Horp XJie6qpo.nHe: OT :>KH'l'O_JIH·,HJIH OT u.a·peBHi l~.~ H'JIH BHHO, HJlff H1IMffl(,
.HJJH J{p.yro He~o, KoeTo ce cee H :Qa.IJ.H OT no.11eTo H OT Jio3eTo - y<;TaHo-
BeHo e, qe T0Ba MO:>Ke .na ce Il03Hae n9 TOH Hc"PIHH.
3HMa · ce na.11e:>KaHK'hT H Ha Hero . Hape:>K.IJ.aT TOJIKQ B'hrJieHff:, Ha
~o.11Ko npeJJ.MeTH w.e 6b.IJ.e Hapeqe~ o; na.11e:>KHff_15a c .Hape)leHHTe H
~peqeH H B'brJieHH H3H3C1{T HaB'bH tt nonara-r Ha HHKQ~ .· CK'b_ T aHO
MHCTO,.. Toa~ ce nol nap» npe3 TPHTe :U.HH Ji Ha rpeTHSI •"fpH(pyH .e U
._r;i:e.naT KOH OT . B1>rJieHHTe e cTaaaJi na nE uen, a Koi:r e yrac-Ha;i, li
no'tlepHH JI. Ci-aHaJIH HT aa . neneJI noKa313a ro,11HMO. XJieoopo ~H~, ~
rro_qep~enHH-T - cna6o x.r1E-6opoaue.
. Ha .npyr ype.n _B'hrJieHA:T~· He t'.5naa .na ce ry:>K)J.aT. (6a6a Mlit1a,
•C. ·.K-0.3ap. 6e.1.1ette, 6a6a . Kep~, " ·· naJIBa}{ , 6a6a MoMa,. c. TO,A,bOBU.H,
·oa6a Cb6a ,- c. JiecH.npeH H Jl''.: ) ·
(IlaJie»<H HK'bT [B:>K.] B ufpa,l1.HC J 38 BeIII.eCTB eHa Ky;iTyJ> a",
C6HY,. XVIII, 135, pu~ . .N2 134.)

..A)- Koc a -

f(oc.aTa e ypeA ~ene3eH , : H~T'h~M.eH .·aa .~.P.BeH ~

.APJ;,).KK~ .. c. KOHTO <;e KOCH ceHo • .
Kocar a CT'hKMeHa Ha KOCUA<;>mo, cno:peJl H<!P'O.llH0To astpeane
npuTe}l{ asa MarHqec Ka cffna H OT HeH 6HraT JIOWHTe ~yxoae.
HAP(fJlH A BPPA 205
KoraTo HHKOH Kocaq Ha JIHBa,naTa ce pas6onee OT yrpa,nHcaHo
HJIH OT ycTpeJIBaHe OT· HSIKOH caMOBHJia, .neKyBa ce Me.>K,ny ,npyro
ome H c KocaTa. Toaa 06a11e pa360JIS1BaHe cTaBa caMo KoraTo e cnaJI
TTQ.Il HHK0e J:l'bpBO HJIH e notIHBaJI, .H0 HHKOra He MO>Ke .na ce pa36onee,
J:l0,zteTo KOCH, aamoTo KocaTa ro na3H. (Ba6a Muqa ~JIHHqeaa, c .
Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a Kepa )KeJ1S13KoBa, c. B·a naaH, 6a6a B1>:n.J<aHa.
C. JlHtaKOBO H ,np·.) . .
KocaTa Mo>Ke .na pa3BaJIH ome H HanpaseilH MarHH 3a 0Mpa3a·..
(Ba6a BonKaHa, c . JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a MH"la, c . Ko3ap BeneHe, 6a6a
Repa, c. BanBaH .) ·
npe3 fo_peIUHHUHTe (15, 16 H• 17 IOJIH) Hapo,IlH0TO B.HpBaHe e
Y<;Tp0HJJO TpH,nHeBeH npa3HHK B qecT Ha CJl'bHU.eTO, Ha Ol"bHH. Ha
17 IOJIH, T. e. Ha TpeTHSI f opeIUHSIK, HSI Kora ·ce Il0)J.H0BHBa~'l or'hH.SIT
B CeJIOT0, B K'blll.HTe~ T. e. H3-racBaH e 6HJI Of'bHSIT B'bB BCHtIKH'f.e
K'bllllf H np0H3Be>K,IlaH e 6HB8Jl >KHB HJIH HOB 0f'bH C U.HJI o6pe.n,.
i<oH-ro me 60.Ile onHcaH TYK no-.nony.
HapoJl.HOTO BHpBaHe yTB'bp>K,IlaBa, qe npe3 THH fopeIUHHU.H ,.
a ocot>eHo np~3 nocJie.IlHHH Ha nna,iI.He na.nan caMH~'hK oroH OT
He6eTo.
nopa,nH ToBa e 3a6p·aHeHo, cTporo aa(>paHeHo, .Ila ce · pa6oTH
npe3 . TH.SI J:lHH B noJieT0 OT 0f'bH. Oco6eHo e ~a6paHeHo .Il8 ce KOCH
ceH0 1 .Ila ce nnacTH HJIH B03H TYH ceHo . Koiho 6H ce <;>cMeJIHJI .na
KOCH , .Il,a B03H HJIH .Ila IlJl8CTH - ffapo,IlHOT0 .B.HpBaHe YTB'bp>K)laBa,
nanan 0rbH OT He60TO H aanaJIBaJI ceHOT0. He3aBHCHMO OT TYH He-
macTHe H caMHSIT Kaea~ HJIH nJiacTatI, HJIH B03atI M0>KaJI )(a Il0CTpa.na
OT orpaMa, OT Il0JIY.IlHBaHe HJIH .npyra 6onecT.
na He na,l{a dr'h_H H .Il8 He orpa.l{HCBa tI0BeK - rpH6Ba ,Ila HMa
B pi>u.eTe CH Koca HJI}{ Ha KOJiaTa H Ha IlJl8CTa Jia ca CJIO.>KeHH KQCaTa
II- B " JI a T a.
AKO ce pa36onee K0C8ll'bT' nJiaCTaq'bT HJIH B03atI'bT - JieKyBa
ce Coe cHJiaTa Ha KocaTa H BHJiaTa. (Ba6a Kepa, c . BaJIBaH, 6a6a
MHtta, c . Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a B1>nKaHa, c . JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a MapHH ,
c. lllunKa, 6a6a Jlecrra H 6a6a Mopcpa, c . JlepeKhOH, 6a6a fletta
XpHcToBa, c . CTy6en H .np.)
,,Ho Bee naK no-xy6aBo e npe3 THH JPH fopeIUHHUH .Ila ce He
nHna HHKaKBa pa~oTa - npHTYPH 6a6a Pyca, c . MapamKH Tp1>c-
TeHHK, - 3alll0T0 .Ila e 6HJIO xy6aBo .na ce pa60TH, CTapHTe He 6nxa
aa6paHHJIH."
(KocaTa M K0CHJI0T0 B.>K. B ,,rpa.n0so 3a BemecTBeHa KYJITypa"
C6HY, . X.VIII, 154, pm:. N2 "147 H N2 148. BHJiaTa TaM >Ke 153,
pH~. N2, 143, 144 H 145.) ' '
206 P.HMHTo'P M:4.PHJ/10 ·8

e) C B p e .n e JI, c a p 'b .n ·e n

u Cape.nenoT e ype.n >Kene3eH c .nopseHa .npo>K!(a,

.KOHT0 e IlOCTOHHeH Jlpyrap Ha opaqa 1-i B'bo6m.e Ha ceJIHHHHa, KOfa,'O
n1>Ty~a c.Kona. Toi\ e Hy>KeH,' a cnyqai\: qe KOJiaTa ce cqynHT_; a nQHe>Ke
'T0Ba aecTo CTaBa, TO cepe,neJI'bT BCffKOra m.e CT0H 3a60,neH B ftSIKOSI
.nynKa OT Aumputlliemo.
·Hapo,llHOTo BHpBaHe H Ha ·cape,lleJia e ,llano MarHtiecKa tHJia,
38TOBa ro cpem.aMe B MHOfO o6pe.nH H o6HllaH, a oco6eHO B Hap(),nHa-
·Ta Me.nHU.HHa. .
KoraTo MJia)lo>KeHHK'hT e Bop3aH qpe3 r.1;arHH, THH Mar1tH ce
'P.83B8J1HT H M0M'bK'bT 6HBa pa3B'bp3aH qpe3 MH0fO cnoco6H, ' HO
ynoTpe6srea ce H cnoco6 (o6pe.n}, )leTo cepe)leJI'hT cToH Ha n_opBo
"MHCTO H Hrpae Ba>KHa poJIH.
B7'pmDZAl18Uema, T. e. 6oJieCT,' OT K0HT0 ce B'bpTH rJiaBaTa Ha
·qoeeKa H He MO>Ke ,lla ff B)lHrHe, HH'fO )la XOJlH, cnope.n Hapo,nHOTO
BHpBaHe e JIOlli JlyX. ToH JIOlli JlYX JlOX0>K)la OT orpaMa, OT Hanp~~eHH
HJIH HanpaTeHH MarHH.
JleKyaa ce cbc cHJiaTa Ha cepe.nena. (6a6a MHlla, c. Ko3ap
'BeJieHe, 6a6a Kepa )l(enHaKoea, c. BaneaH, 6a6a 81>JIKaHa, c .
.JhnaKoBo.) · .
Ha 6b.U.Hff aeqep OK0JI0 60.U.HHKa ce-H3Bbpll1Ba H3BeCTeH o6pe.n,
KOraTO Me>KJlY .u.pyrH .n.eHCTBHH npOBbpTBa ce mue .n.ynKa, B KOHT0
·C~ ry>K)la BOC'bi<, TaMHH H 3eHTHH. Taff .u.ynKa ce npoa1>p1Ba He C .npyr
·ype.n, a caMo c K6napcKHH cape.nen; HJIH 2Ko HMa cepe.n.en Ha ceJicKH
Jlopeo.u.eneu.-KoJiap, H TOH cepe.n.en Mo>Ke )la 61>.n.e ynoTpe6eH. (6a6a
BH.ua, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a TieHa XpHCTO·Ba, C. CTy6eJI, 6a6a 8bJI-
KaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a Kepa, c. BanBaH . Cps. C6HY, XI , 87.)
HMaT o6HtiaH B HHK0H MecTa, Ta BbB speMe Ha o6poK HJIH
ceJICKH Cb6op MHµocBaT HffK0e CTapo JlbpBo. MHpocaaHeTO CTaBa
:no TOH HatIHH: np0BbpTBaT B .ll.bpB0T0 ·nynKa, B K0HTO ry)K,naT BOC'bK,
TaMHH H 3eHTHH . TaH .n.ynKa ce npOBbpTa CaMo C KOJiapcKH cepe,n.eJI.
{6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBO.)

' 5. Ypeou 3a JJCeHCKO p'bKO{JeAue

OT MH0f0T0 ype,ll.H, K0HTO , ce ynoTpe6HBaT B

)KeHCKOTO pbK0,ll.eJIHe, e.n.Ho fOJIHMO qHCJIO HapO,llHOTO BHpBaHe e
·06JiffKJIO B o.n.e>K,na Ha peJIJtfH03HO IlO'IHTaHe H )l3JIO HM e CHJia Ma-
IHtleC_Ka. THH ype.nH ce cpeiuaT BbB BHpBaHH.ff.Ta, a o6pe,nH~ H
peJIHfH03HHTe o6HllaH, a oco6eHO B MarHHTe H Hapo)lHaTa Me)lHl(HHa,
:npeHMyrn.ecTBeHo a 6aHHeTo.
TyK H,naT cne.n.HHTe o6eKTH:
 HAPOJiHA Bf/PA 207
a) Me JI H LI. a

nopBeH ype,n, C KOHTO Ce .M'lJHam (qymIT) KOHO-

neHHTe npbtIHU.H, Ta c.e B8){H OT THX KOHOII'bT HJIH K'bJltIHW.8
(nosec.Ma) .
MeJIHU.aTa HMa MarHlleCKa CHJia H Ill>.D.H 3MeHOBe, caMOBHJIH H
.npyru JIOllHi .nyxoae. MoMa u HeBeCTa, KOHTO o6HKHOBeHO M'bHaT
rpoCTHTe, pa6oTHT H CTOHT 6e3 CTpax IIOJl .lJ.opBOTO HJIH rro.n CTpexaTa
Ha K'hW.aTa, 3alll.OTO 3MeHT HJIH taMOBHJiaTa, HJIH .n.pyr HHKOH JIOlll
JI.yx: crrpHH, 1:rnxpyrnKa H .npyru, aKo H .na o6HK3JIHT OROJIO THX, .
He MoraT .na rH y.napHT HJIH ycTpeJIHT, 3alll,OTO MeJIHUaTa e IIO-CHJIH8
II na3H MOMaTa, 6yJIKaTa HJIH MJia)laTa .>KeHa. 11 3MeHT He MO.>Ke J,I.a
rpa6He MOMaTa HJHI 6yJIKaTa, 381.lJ,OTO MeJIHUaTa e IIO-CHJIHa OT 3MeH
H rH naa11. (6a6a B11n.a H 6a6a To.no pa, c. CraKbosu.n, 6a6a Ha11.na,
<:. J,faaop, Btt.U.HHCKO, 6a6a B1>,1\Katta, c. JlHTaKoao.) ·
AKO HHKOH MOMa, 6yJIKa HJIH .>KeHa, KOHTO 6epe rpnCTe, ce .
pa36<;>Jiee, BHpBa ce, qe e ycTpeJieHa OT caMOBHJia HJIH OT HHKOH
Apyr) JIOlll .nyx; TaKaBa MOMa, 6yJIKa HJIH .>KeHa JieKyBaT qpe3 MeJIH-
u.aTa. 6aH'1KaTa rrpuse.ne 6oJIHaTa rrpH Memn.1.aTa, 6ae H .6oJIHara
~e npoBHpa no.n MeJIHU.a H ry.>K,na 6oJIHaTa pbKa HJIH 6oJIHHH KpaK
Ha MeJIHU.aTa. 6oJIHaTa 03,npa~~rna, 38lll,OTO JIOllHIHT .nyx e lf3Ilb)leH.
MeJIHUaTa ce cpema c-r-,w.o H rrpn pa3sa;urne Ha Marmr, n:p11
JieKyBaHe OT yrrJiaxa, OT Harrpasetto, HanpaTeHo H ow.e MHoro 6oJiec-
TH. (6a6a BnJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoso, 6a6a Muqa,. c. Ko3ap 6eJieHe,
6a6a Kepa, c. EaJIRaH.)

6) T..I e T Ka

T..leTKa e ype.n, C KOiiTO ce tieTK8T, T. e. '1HCTHT

X'bJI'1Hlll.8Ta ,·OT OCTaHaJIHTe ow.e M8JiKH. KJietJHU.H, Ta CTaBaT '1HCTH
nosecMa.
T..leTKaTa crrope.n Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe HMa T8'KaBa CHJia .na Ilb){H
HaBHU.I.fTe· HJIH Jiaxy~HTe, KOHTO JieTHT OKOJIO po,nHJIKaTa H ,neTeTo;
• 3aToBa npu po,nHJIKaTa HJIH rrpH ,neTe ce ry.>KJJ.a tJeTKa . (6a6a B"hJI-
KaHa, c. JlwraKoBo, 6a6a MH1la, c. Ko3ap 5eJieHe, 6a6a Kepa, c.
Bansaa, 6a6a MoMa, c. ToJJ.bOBU.H.) ·
.6po,llHHUHTe H BeUJ.HU.HTe MOraT .na ~o~apaT Tbra, M'hKa H n.n:aq
Ra MOMa HJIH 6yJIKa . MoMaTa H 6yJIKaTa T'hryBaT, Te.>KKO HM_e Ha
.nyrnaTa H ITOCTOHHH0° nJiaqaT; aaw.o, H Te caMH He 3Ha51T; HHUJ.O ru
He seceJIH, HHW.O He npHBJIHtJa - ITOCTOH'HHO ca 33MHCJieHH. Toea
ca JIOlllH .,nyxoae, KOHTO rH M'btiaT; MOMaTa HJIH 6yJIKaTa BeXHe, '1e3He
H 0CJ1a6Hsa; aKO ce He JieKyBa, HM8JIO cJiytJaH TaKHBa .na YMHpaT.
TaH 6oJieCT HJIH JIOlll JJ.YX ·ce IT'bJl.H llpe3 CHJiaTa H~ qeTKaTa.
(BaQa fleHa PHcrosa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6;;i Bop6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a
AfHqa, c. Ko3ap .6eneHe, 9a6a Mopcpa, c. nepeKhoft:.)
Koraro 6o3aHHHtJe .nere ce oT6He or cHca, TO T'h.>KH aa cucaTa ,
208 J!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

HO H _MaHK8T8 T'b>KH 38 iteTeTO, qe ro e OT6HJI8. MoK8T8 Ha .Zle're'fO ►

a H M'bKaTa Ha MaiiKaTa ce pa3Typ.s1" ttpe3 tteTKaTa . (Ba6a MHt1a, c.
1(03ap BeneHe, 6a6a I(epa, c . BanaaH, 6a6a B1>p6a, c . PeceH,.
6a6a MoMa, c. Toitboaun.)
lleTKaTa ce ·ynoTJ)e6.H'Ba B MHoro cny11aH · npu HapoJ.tHaTa Me-
.ZlHUHHa: npH 6asrne OT ypoKH, OT ynnaxa H .ZlP, ·

a) X y p x a
X ypKaTa e .Zl'hpBeH ype)J: 3a ·npe)-leHe npe>Kita;
Ha xyp:KaTa ce Ha)t.s1Ba K'b.ZleJutta H c_ B'bpTeHoTo ce npeite. X ypKaTa
e B'b3DSIT3 B'bB BCHllKHTe ·HH necHH·, a oco6eHo B MOMHHCl(HTe H t:83T·
6apcKHTe; T.H ce .HapH11a ac.s1Kora ,,nHcaHa xypKa".
XypKaTa ce cpema B'bB BS1pB8HHHT3, o6peJIHTe H o6HqaHTe.
C'hCT8BHHTe ll8CTH. Ha xypKaTa ca: K,?,"'ell, ypt1.UllO, noee3a/lKa
H KllUlKa. KaKTO U.HJiaTa xypKa, T'bH H t'bcTaBHHTe H qacrH ce-cpema,
B o6pe.ZlHTe H o6HllaHTe.
K1>>1<eJI1>T e C'bIUHHcKaTa xypKa; Ha K'b)KeJia . ce npHB1>paBa K'b-
iteJISITa C noBe3aJIKaTa. -Yp'IHJIOTO e .Zl'hJlfO .Zl'hPBO, KOeTO ce B'bBHpa
B K'b>KeJia H CJIY>KH K3TO .ZlP'b>KKa, Ta ce 3860>K.Zl8 B DO.Sica Ha )KeHaTa
HJIH noonacKama, 3a .na npeit~- X ypKaTa tp.R6Ba .na 6'b.ne HanpaBeHa
ot SIBOp, HCeH, 6p.HCT H ra6ep.
XypKaTa HMa CH.na .na na3H MOMaTa, 6yJIKaTa H MJia.naTa >KeHa
OT 3Me.H .na fH He_38JIH6H HJIH OT caMOBHJIHTe Jl.8 rH He ycrpeJIHT.
Tsi naaH OT JIOIIIa cperua, OT JIOlllH OtJH, OT MarHH H np. 3aTOBa MO-
MaTa HJIH 6yJIKaTa, KOf3TO Tp'brHe B DOJleTO Ha pa6oTa, me HOCH
H ~ypKaTa H Ha n'hTSI, .neTo cpem.a MHoro xopa, me npene. (Ba6a
B1>JIKaHa, c. JlnTaKoBo, 6a6a MH'la, c. Ko3ap Ben~He, 6a6a Kepa,.
c . BanaaH.)
Ha CBaT6aTa .nesep'bT, KOHTO ·xo.nH HeOTJl'btJHO c 6yJIKaTa H H
na3H, .napsrna II xypKa noene cBaT6ata. 3~atJeHHeTo e, qe .no 11epTora
H na3HJI JJ.eBep'hT, a rrocne 11epTora H rro-HaTaT'hK .na H na3H xypKa-ra.
(Ba6a Casa 11BaHHUa, c. BHJia CnaTHHa, 6a6a MoMa, c: To.nhoBUH,.
6a6a MapHH, c. llhuiKa.) ·
JlesepoeaTa xy~K~ e r-H3.naea; lllB,peHa, 3aToBa te. ·er-111T'Hpa B
necHHTe ,,rrHcaHa ·xypxa".
Ha HeBeCTYJIKaTa, K8KTO Bli.ZlHXMe; 38· .na He npaBH naKOCT ' no
3HMHHUHTe, no C8H,ll'bUHTe· H no KYPKHUHTe Ha KOKOllIKHTe, ry)K)J.aT
Ha KYPHHKa HJIH rrpH C8H.Zl'bUHTe ·xypKa e ;Ko.lle~H H -B'bpTeHO aarrpe-
.neHO. , ·
B.HpBaHeTo Hapo,llHO yTB'hp~aB·a, 1.1e· MHorO'e .nomo .na ce y,llapH
IJOBeK c· xypKaTa· H' yp11H.iIOTO. . ' ' .
AKo ce yitapH .nete c. xypxaTa; ·BsipaaHeTo 11apo.nHo xaaBa, q.e
TyA y,llape-aHe e paBHOC·HJIHO C HaA-Te>KKaTa KJieTea H )l.eTeTO ce
pas~oJUIBa. 3aToBa Ha Maiburre s.HpBaHe-ro cTporo 3a($paHJ1na A8
HA POP.HA BflPA 209
6HHT .neu.a-ra CH c xypKa. (6a6a EJIKa, c. l..JynpeHe, 6a6a CraHa,
c. PaKOBHUa, 6a6a 1'1oMa, c . TomoBU.H, 6a6a Map1u1, c. llhrnKa.)
.Ua ce y.nap:H M0Ma c x ypKaTa MHoro Jiorno e; me HaJieTH Ha Jiorn
M'b>K HJIH Ha JI0llla CBeKbpBa n CBeKnp. (6a6a C,1,6a, c. JlecH.npeH,
TeTeBeCHKo).
TioBe38JIK3Ta CJIY>KH .na ce 33Bbp>Ke K'bJI.eJHITa 3a K'b>KeJIH.
TH HMa CHJia cpemy 2ymypatt (6oJiecT B rbpJioTo). KoraTo .ne-reTo
XBaHe ryTypaq, 6aHT MY H. nocJie 6aHHeTo YBHB8T lllHHTa C noBe-
33JIKaTa; · BHpBaHeTo ysepHBa, q_e ryrypaq'bT me ce pa3Hece.
(Ba6a BH.na, c. CTaKhOBU.H, 6a6~ Tietta, c. Cry6eJI.)
K.HlllKaTa e KJieqKa C HaBHTa Ha HeSI B'bJIHa H TaH B'bJIHa e HaT0-
neHa B KaTpaHa B K0JiapcKHH KaTpaHHK. ToH J<aTpaH cJiy:>K.H Ha
npe,nattKaTa .na CH M0KpH na.neu.a H noKa3aneua, Ta .na M0)Ke .,na
BpbHKa BbpTeH0T0, .na ce He TIJl'b3ra.
KoraTO HHMa KaTpaHHK, 8KO e OTHlll'bJI C K0JiaTa, a CTaHe tty:m,na
.na ce JieKyBa HflKOH OT ,noMa HJIH OT C'bCeJI.HTe, TOraBa KaTpaH 3HM8T
OT KHlllKaTa; C TOH KaTp~rn H8M83B3T qeJI0T0 Ha .neTe cpemy ypoKH;
Ha 6yJIKa H MoMa naK cpemy ypoKH HJIH cpew.y Jiorna cpema. (6a6a
To.nopa, c. JlHTaKoBo.)
AKO ce TpnrHe Ha IT'bT C K0Jia H B0JI0BeTe ca MJI3JI.H H MH.0fO
yrJieJI.HH, H8M33B8T qeJiaTa HM C KaTpa~ OT KaTpaHHKa, HO npe~no-
tJHTaT .na HM M83H8T qeJiaTa MaJIK0 H c· KaTpaH OT KHlllK3'F-a. (Ba6a
Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a .MapHH Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa,
c. llhmKa .)
AKo coJiyaarn, qe npe.nern Ha xypKa c B'hpTeHo H H3KapBaIII
.Zl'hJira HHIIIKa - me HMa npH.no6HB B K'hmH; a ome 3HaqH rn.e H.ne
HHKOH oT K'hlllH Ha JI.bJ11>r Il'bT. (Ba6a BnJIKaHa~ c. JlHTaKoBo, Op-
xaHHiicKo.)
(X ypKaTa C ypqHJIOTO H .npyrHTe H C'bCTaBH.H qacTH (B:>K..) - B
"rpa,nHBO 3a aemecTBeHa KYJ1Typa, C6HY, XVII I, 96, pHc . •Ni 80
H N2 81.)

r). Bb p Te Ho

BopTeHoTo e .nopBeH ype.n, c KOHTo ce rrpe,ne\

To ce ~pema B o6pe,nHTe, o6HqaHTe H BHpBaHH.SITa .
O6pe.nHH HHK0H XJrn6oBe ce mapaT c B'bpTeH0.
TipH 6aHHeTO HMa cJiytJalf, KoraT0 TpH6Ba .na ce 6ae c B'bpTeHo,
HO TyKa B'bf,TeH0T0 TpH6Ba ,Ila 60.ne Il'bJIH0, T. e. HaMoTaHo C npe:>K,na.
flp.H pa3B3JIHHe Mar~H B'b_pTeH0T0 T0:>K.e ce cpema; H TYK TpH6-
Ba )la 6o~e n'hnHo c npe:m,na.
(BopTeHoTo (B>K.) e ,,rpa.n1rno 3a aew.ecTBeHa KYJITypa", C6HY,
XVIII, 97, p.Hc. N2 82.)

14
210 JIHMHT'bP MAPHHoe

.n) M O T B H JI a, M OT O B H JI K a

MoroeunKaTa e JJ.'bpBeH ypeJJ., KOHTO cny)KH Aa

ce JJ.8 ce rrpuroTBH 33 OCHOBa.
MOTae npe>t<)l,3T8 OT B'bpTeHOTO H
MoTOBHJIK8T8 ce cpern.a B HHKOH o6peJJ.HH o6HtJ3H, a OC06eHo ce
cnoMHHff B rrpHK83KHTe.
B Hapo.n.HaTa Me.n.m.r,nHa ce cpema qecro rrpu 6aHHeTo.
C MOTOBHJIKa .n.a ce y.n.apH MOMS, 6ynKa, MOM'bK u )J.eTe Hapo~uo-
TO BHpBaHe CTporo 3a6paHHB8. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. J1HT8KOBO, 6a(5a
Co6a, c. JlecnJJ.peH, 6a6a MapHH Cua-KoHoea, c. Manopa.) ·
MoTOBHJIKaTa HMa MarHtJecKa CHJia: OT Heff 6HraT C8MOBHJIQTe
H 3MeAoeere. KoHTO MOMa HJIH 6ynKa MOTae C MOTOBHJia, HeH 3Meii
H caMOBHJia He MoraT .n.a HanaJJ.Har. (Ba6a Muqa, c. Koaap BeneHe,
6a6a Kepa, c. BaneaH.) · · ·
POJJ.HTeJIKa, ycTpe.TIHHa OT JiaxycH, JieKyBa ce C MOTOBHJia. (B~a
Pyca HuKonosa, c. MapawKH TpocreHHK, IlneeeHcKo, 6a6a MoMa
Cre<paHoeuua, c. ToJJ.JOBUH, EneHcKo.)
Koraro e,nHa )KeHa MoTae <; MOTOBHJIKa, TpH6aa ,na na3H ,na He
,noxa>K,l{a JJ.eTero i-1 ,na c:e.n.u y nonara ii, a TH JJ.a MoTae HaJJ. Hero. BHp-
B~HeTo 3a6paHHBa TOBa, 381.lJ.OTO ryfl ,nere, 8KO 6,,,ne MOMqe, w.e 6oJJ.e
saJiH6eHO OT 3MeHua H C8MOBHJI8, 8KO JIH e MOMHqe, KoraTo craue
MOMa, me 6'bJJ.e rpa6Hara· or 3Meii. (Ba6a MutJa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe,
6a6a Kepa, c. BanaaH.)
(MoToe·Hna (B)K.) e ,,rpaJJ.HBo 3a eew.ecreeHa Kynrypa", C6HY,
XVIII, 97, pH~. N2 83.)

e) q e K p 'b K, B 'b p T e lII K a,

K p 'b CT a WK a, C y K a JI 0

. Ype,nH JJ.'bpBeHH, THCHO CB'bp38HH e.ztHH C .npyr

H CJiy)KaT .na ce cyqe npe>K,nara Ha ueeu (3a B'bT'hKa) H Macypu (3a
ocHoaara) . TyK HP.ST ow.e ijeema H Macyp'6m.
qeKp1>K1>T ce cpern.a 1;l HHKOH cnyqau npu 6asrnero.
B qeKp1>Ka HMa qacr )KeJIH3Ha, Hapeqeaa 8'6pme,w, H .nopeo, Hape-
qeHoeumeAHUK. (B)K. ,,rpaJJ.HB03a eei.uecraeHa KYJITypa'',C6HY,XVIII,
98, puc. N284, 6yKBa.zt.) Tyii B'bpTeHo CBHTeJIHHKa HM8T CHJia Ha.zt Hequ-
CTH .nyxoae. Ero 3aw.o, Koraro · HHKoe .nere e ypyqacano, n'b.ZJ.HT ypo-
KHTe C B'bpTeHOTO H BHTeJIHHKa.
AKO HSIKOH MOMS HJIH 6yJIKa ca cpern.HaTH OT JIOllla cpern.a HJIH
y.napeHH OT JIOIIIH oqu -JieKyBaT naK C ryii B'bpTeHo OT tJeKp'bK8
H c BHTe:TIHHKa. (Ba6a IleHa, c. CTy6e.n, 6a6a B1>JIKaHa, c. JluTaKoeo.)
C1>mara CHJI_a H~,a H cmpeAKama B CY.K8JIOTO (B)K. ,,rpa,llHBO 38
eew.ecrseHa Kynrypa , C6HY, XVIII, 99, pHc. N288, 6yKsa r),
saroea ce JieKysar C'hW.HTe 6onecru. (Ba6a IleHa, c. Cry6en, 6a6a
8-&JIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoeo, 6a6a MHqa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe.)
KpocraIIIKara (,,rpa.nuao 38 sern.ecraeHa Kynrypa", C6HY ,XVI I I,
ffAP0/1.HA B51PA 211
99, pHc. N287) H B'bpTelllKaTa (,,fpa,n.HBO 3a aern.ecTBeHa KYJITypa",
C6HY. XVIII, 99, pHc. N2 86), K0HT0 HMa .n.ae KpocTalllKH (ropHa H
,ll.OJIHa)' ca CHJia 60.>KHH; TYK Kp'bCTalllKaTa HMa CHJia Ha.n. BCHK8KBH
Manrn, JIOillH OtJH, JIOilla cpern.a H rrp. :, 38TOBa ypoKHTe, MarHHTe,
.JI0illH cpern.H H rrp . JieKyBaT c 6asrae, ,n.eTo KpocTalllKaTa Hrpae Ba.>K-
Ha pOJISI.
87,pmozJZCUJUemo.
, B1>pTell1KaTa C ,ll.BeTe CH Kp'bCT8lllKH JieKyBa H
3apaztH T0Ba Ha BopTorJiaB tJeTBopT'bK (qeTB'bpT'bK rrpea rr1>paaTa
He)J.eJIH Ha BeJIHKHH IlOCT) B'bpTelllKaTa ce ya1rna C 6.HJIO nJiaTH0 H
ry.>K,AaT H B K'blll.H Kpail orHHlll,eTo B K'bTa, (!pern.y ou.eTHHKa ; T8MO
ce.n.H ·rrpe3 ueJIHH TOH ,n.eij, a BetJepTa K'bCH0 0K'bnBaT H C M'bJiqaHa
B0,ll.8. OT TaH so.n.a ,l{aBaT ka BCHtJKH B K'blll,aTa .n.a cp'b6HaT H CH 0MH-
BaT qeJI0T0, o6pa3HTe H 0tJHTe, a .oco6HQ CJienHTe OtJH. (Ba6a BHJ{a
H 6a6a To.l{opa, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a TieHa XpHCTOBa, c. CTy6eJI,
6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c . JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a MapHH C1rn-K0Hoaa, c.MaJiopa,
t5a6a MHtJa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)

.>K} n a. pa K

napaK'bT e ype.l{ .>KeJie3eH - 3'h6UH ,° npHKpeneH

Ha )l'bpBeH0 CT'bJ_I6tJe, KOHT0 CJIYJKH ,l{a ce BJiatJH B'bJIHa.
LlapaK'hT rrpHTe.>KaBa io.>Ke MarHtJecKa CHJia, nopa.l{H Toaa ce cpe-
w.a B 6aHHeTO cperuy yp0KH, 3a pa3B8JIHHe MarHH, 3a JieKyBaHe OT
ttanpaTeH :>KHBaK, OT ynJiaxa, OT JI0llla cpern.a.
LleTe, KoeTo e ypyqacatto, H3UepHBa ce, KaTo ce 60,n.He c'bc 3'h6-
1lHTe. Ha J{apaKa; MarHHTe ce pa3H8CSIT, HanpaTeHHHT MarbOCaH :>KH-
BaK ce o6e3CHJIBa H JIOillaTa cperua ce pa3TYPH, aKo 6oJIHHHT nHe OT
B0,ll.aTa, B KO.SITO ca 0MHTH 3'b6UHTe Ha ,l{apaKa, H aK0 CH 0MHe JIHUeTo.
{6a6a BH.u.a, c. CTaboBUH, 6a6a TieHa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a BoJIKaHa,
C. JlHTaKOBO.)
Ha 8'bJillHTe npa3HHUH(l2, 13, 14 HoeMBpH H 1,2,3 <f)eapyapH)
apo3BaT .n.apaKa, 3a J{a 60.U.aT B'bpaaHH Ha B1>JIUHTe ycTaTa npea ro-
JJ.HHaTa. (6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHiaKoao, 6a6a Co6a, c. JiecH.u.peH,
6a6a CToHHa, c. KHe)Ka.)
B)K. ,,rpa.l{HB0 3a aem.ecTaeaa KYJITypa", C6HY, XVIII, 100,
pHc. N289.)

3) M a c y p HJIH K a n e M
(KaJIMyKaH B T1>pHOBCKO)

MacypoT e r0JIHMa ues OT J{'bpBo; npaBHT H llH·

ramne cTpyrapH. (B)K.,,fpa.zurno aa aem.ecTaeaa KYJITypa", C6HY,
XVIII, 99, pHc . .NI!85.)
11 TOH ypeJJ. HMa MarHqecKa cHJia, oco6eHo cpem.y ypoKH; 3 a.
212 P,HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

TOBa, KoraTo ce 6ae Ha ypo11acaHo .neTe, MacypoT .nop.>Ku n'hpBo Mst-

CT0. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo.)
.M acy poT cbmo TaKa ce ynoTpe6JIHBa H npH 6aHHe OT non. (C6HY.
III, 147.)

H) C H o B a T e JI K a
CHoBaTeJIKaTa e JlbpBeH ype.n, c KOHTO npe>K-
.n.aTa ce CH0Be 3a 0CH0Ba.
CHoBaTeJIKai-a HMa H3BecTHa MarHtJecKa _CHJia, 3aToBa H cpem.aMe
npH neKyBaHeTo OT orpaMa; HMa cHJia cpemy MarHH 3a oMpaaa H pa3-
)J.HJJa. 3apa.nH Toaa orpaHcaJI 11oaeK ce JieKyBa, .KaTo MY ce 6ae H ce
npOBHpa npe3 CHOBaTeJIKaTa . Como H :>KeHa , HaMpa3eHa OT M'b:>Ka CH,
JieKyBa ce C 6aHHe, II0JHiBaHe H K8TO ce npoBHpa npe3 CHOBaTenKaTa.
(Ba6a MHlla, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.) ·
(CHOBaTeJIKaTa Ce BH:>K.ll.3 B ,.fpa.llHBO 38 BeW.eCTBeHa KYJITypau •
C6HY, XVIII, 101, pHc. ~-f292.)

K) Kp OCH 0

KpocHoTo e .nopBeH ype.n, Ha KOHTO ce HaBHBa

OCHOBaTa. l1Ma ,ZlBe KpocHa: npe,ZlHO H 38,ZlHO.
B Hapo,ZlHOTO BSlpBaHe Ha KPOCHOTO ce rJie,Zla C peJIJUH03HO
ysa}l{eHHe, HeMy ce npH.ZJ.aBa roJIHMa MarH11ecKa cHo11a.
BpO,ZlHHUHTe H o6HpHHUHTe, KOHT0 o6HpaT HHBHTe :n XJie6opo-
)J.HeT0 npeHaC.HT B CBOH HHBH, He MoraT .na CTOPHT TYH, aKO roJIH ro-
JIHHHllKH He ca B'b3Ce,ZlH8JIH Kp0CH0T0 H C Hero ,Zla aao6HK8JIHT HH-
BHTe. Be3 KpOCH0TO TeXHHTe MarHH ca 6e3CHJIHH. IlpH o6HpaHeTO
Ha HHBHTe, KOraTO o6HK8JIHT 0K0JIO THX, KJiacoBeTe ce npeKJiaHHT;
T0Ba npaBHT Ha .KPOCH0T0, KOeT0 HMa CHJia. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. ·JIH-
TaKOBO~ 6a6a MHtJa, c . Koaap BeJieHe, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.ZJ.IOBUH.)
IlpH MarHHTe aa 0TB'bpasaHe Ha B'hpaaH MJia.ZJ.o:>KeHHK KpocHoTo
Hrpae TO}l{e Ba}l{Ha ponH. (Ba6a ~'bJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoso, OpxaHHHCKo.
~a6a MH11a HJIHHlleBa, e. Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBHW.oBcKo.)

JI) B oP.ll o
61>p.ZJ.OTO e y pe.ZJ. c KOHTO ce ThtJe.
To ce cpem.a B 6aHHeTo H pa3aaJurneTo MarHH. (B:>K. B ·..rpa-
)J.HB0 3a sem.ecTBeHa KYJITypau, C6H1', XVIII, 103, pHc. N<l95)

M) H H m. e JI K H
. HHW.eJIKHTe HMaT CHJia .na f0HHT H Il'b)J.HT BCHll-
KH JJ0lllH .ZJ.yxose H HaeeTH, .ZJ.0PH H 6onecTH . KoraTo B'hpnyaa enH.ZJ.e•
MHSI: 11yMa, XOJiepa, CHII8HHUa, K8IJIJIHU8 no .neu.aTa, Hape'le_Ha Ma-
HAPO/J,HA B f[ P A 213
.zapew,Ka KaUlAUl-{a, Ha BpaTaTa OKa1rnar HHW.eJIKHTe . Hapo.ZJ.HOTO
BHpBaHe YTBbp)KJI.aaa, 11e 6onecTra He Mom.ana ,u.a ane3He a KoIU.aTa.
(6a6a EJIKa, c. t.IyrrpeHe, Benorpa.ZJ.llHillKO, 6a6a KoHa Tie-r.Koaa,
c . AJITHMHp, OpsixoBcKo, 6a6a MHlla HJIHHlleBa, c . Ko3ap BeneHe,
CBl:illl.OBCKO.)
Tipe3 MpbCHHUHTe (MpbCHHTe JI.RH, OT 25 .neKeMBpH .n.o 5 HHyapH)
HOLU.HO BpeMe KallaT HHLU.eJIKHTe Ha BpaTaTa H BHpBaHeTo Ka3Ba, qe
KapaK0HJJ.>K,ep'bT H Jl.pyrH JI0lllH Jl.YXOBe, K0HT0 H306HJIBaT npe3 THSI
JJ.HH, He MOraT )la BJie3HaT B K'bLU.H .• (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c . JlHTaKOBO,
OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a TierKoBHUa, c. OcHKoso, BpallaHcKo.) ·
KoraTO B ceJI0T0 BbpJiysa BaMIIHp HJIH IIJl'bTeHHK' X.0Jl.H no ceno-
TO, BJIH3a IIO KbIJ.J.HTe, l.lY-IIH riaHHilH, rp'bHUH H .n.pyrH npocTeHH C'b-
)J.OBe, Y.D.PH xopaTa C'bC c11yrreHHTe naHHUH, HaTHCKa rH H rH Jl.YWH
Ha cnatte H om.e MHoro JJ.pyn1 naKocrH, .n.a He Mo>K,e ,u.a BJie3He B K'hW.H
H0lll.H0 speMe, 0K811B81' Ha BpaTaTa npe3 HOI.UTa HHW.eJIKHTe. (Ba6a
EJIKa, c. t.Iyrrpette, 6a6a Cratta, c. PaKoBHUa, 6a6a KoHa TierKoea,
c. AJITHMHp, 6a6a PaiiKa, c. Ktte.>K,a.)
H) H a II p y C u H ' rr p 'b K (OpSIXOBCKO),
3 'b M 6 u H (HOBO ceno, BH.ZI.HHCK;O)

Ype.n .>K,eJie3eH, yrrorpe6HBa ce npH TbKaHero; c

Hero ce OITbBa ITJI3THOTO, 38 .n.a MO>K,e .n.a ce B'bllH OCHOBaTa. (B>K,. B
.,;fpaJl.HBO 3a a_e w.ecraetta KyJirypa", C6HY, XVIII, 106, pHc, N2ICO.)
Hapo.n.HoTo BHpBaHe e .nano Ha ttanpyculj.te roJI»Ma MarH11ecKa
CH JI a.
KoraTO MOM'liK ce 38BOp.>Ke 1Ipe3 MarHH, THH MarHH ce pa3BaJIHT,
Koraro 3o6UHTe Ha Hanpyc1rnre ce ,u.onHpaT AO cna6HTe MecTa
Ha M0MoKa. (Ba6a E.nKa, c. t.Iynpette.) MarHHTe sa 0Mpa3a H pa3AHJJa ce
pa3BaJIHT, aK0 HesecTaTa CH 60.n.He CHCHTe C'bC 3'b6UHTe Ha Hanpyc-
l.lHTe. (6a6a BH.na, c. CTaKhOBUH.) ManrnTe c oMarbocaH )KHBaK ce
,pa3Ba.71HT, aK0 .>KHBaK'bT ce ~OJJ.He C'liC 3'b6UHTe Ha TOH ype,n, a KoraTo
2KHB3K'bT e aeqe H3ITHeH, TO .neikTBHeTO MY ce pa3B3JI.ff, KaT0 ce 6ae H
3o6UHTe ce ,nonpaT ,no KopeMa. (6a6a TieHa XpHcTosa, c. CTy6en.)
C HanpycUHTe map.HT 96pe.ZI.HH XJISI6ose, 331.UOT0 TH.ff wapKH npH,n;aaa-
JIH .zr.yxosHa CHJJa Ha XJJH6a.

o) Ho .>K Hu H
)KeJie3eH ype.n., C KOlfTO >KeHHTe KpOHT.
BHpBaHeTO HapO.ZJ.HO H TSIM e .n.ano H3BeCTHa MarHllecKa CHJla.
TTpe3 BoJillHTe npa3HHUH, 3a .n.a 60,ziaT 3aKJI101JeHH y~rara Ha
Bl,JIUHTe npe3 JISITOTO, Bp'b388T H0}KHl..(HTe H fH .ZI.HraT BHCOK0 JI.a, He
MOfaT .n.a rH .ZJ.OKallaT )l.eUaTa. TioaepHeTo YTB'bp>K,n;asa, lie 8KO HHKOe
AeTe JJ.OKaqu H0.>KHUHTe npe3 THH AHH (12, 13, 14 HOeMBpH H 1, 2, 3
<peepyapH), TO B'hJIUHTe me rpa6HT MHOfO OT CT8.ZJ.OT0 Ha TaH K'hUJ.3.
 214 l(HMH71,P MAPHH08

(Ba6a Byn1 HHKoJrnua, c. JionHH, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa IleH0BHUa, c.

JlHTaKOBO, 6a6a K'hH·a TieTKOBa, c. AJITHMHp, 6a6a ,Uecna, c. LI.epe-
Maxne.)
Ho.>KHUHTe ce cperuaT MH0f0 qecTo H B Hap0)lHaTa Me)lHUHHa'
npH 6aHHeTo, a TaKa C'bIU0 H B MafHHTe.

n) C t a H H y pe 3 a JI o
CTaH'bT H ype3aJI0T0 OT 0CH0BaTa ce cpemaT B
Hap0)lHaTa Me)lHUHHa npH 6aHHeTo, npH JieKyBaHe OT ynnaxa, OT
JI0llla cperua H JI0llIH 011H H. npH pa3Bajurne Ha MarHH.
Ype3aJioTo To.>Ke ce cperua npH pa3BaJia Ha MarHH, npH J!eKyBaHe
Ha naxyca .>KeHa, npil neKyaaHe Ha ,neTe OT H3TpaBUH; npH neKyBaHe
OT ynnaxa, OT JIOIIIH OlJH, OT JIOllla cperua, OT npera3eH0, OT orpaMa H
,npyrH HHKOH He)l'h3H, K0HTO w.e ce noco11aT B_JJ.pyr TPYJJ. - ,,Hapo,nHa
Me)lHUJrna". ·
6. Betl.-liecmea 3a xpaHa
OT Bew.ecTBaTa, KOHTO ce ynoTpe6JUIB3T 33 xpaHa
Ha Q0BeKa, B HapO)lHOTO BHpBaHe, 06pe,n1ne H peJIHrJ103HHTe O0HllaH
BJIH3aT CJie)lHHTe Bew.ecTBa:

a) Co JI
CoJITa B Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe e H3)llffHaTa BHC0KO-
H o6Jie'IeHa B roJIHMO peJIHTH03HO Il0'IHTaHe, e,nBa JIH ce He C'IHTa sa·
CB.SITO Bew.ecTBO. CoJI, XJI.H6 H BHH0, M0)Ke ,na ce KalKe, C'bCTaBJUIBaT
Hap0)lHaTa aemecTBeHa Tp0HUa, K0HTO HapO)lH0T0 B.Hp~aHe e o6JJ.HKJIO
B CB.HT0CT.
CoJITa Ce cpew.a B'bB BCH'IKHTe o6pe,nH H peJIHfH03HH 06HtJaH.
06pe.n H o6H'I3_H_C peJIHfH03eH xapaKTep 6e3 COJI He MO)Ke; CDIIJ.0 H B
Hapo,nHaTa MeJJ.HUHHa H B MafHHTe C0JITa Hrpae aamtta p0JJ51.
K'hIUa 6es C0JJ He 6HBa. noaepHeTO Ka3Ba, qe K0HT0 KbI.Ua )l0-
Tpae ·C0JITa - TaMo BJIH3aT 6oJJeCTHTe 6ea HHKaKBa Cil'bHKa H B TaH
K'blU,a HHMa )la HMa cnop B HHIU,0. ETO 38~0 BCHKa CT0ITaHKa ceJIHHKa
6y)lHO rJie)la )la He 0CTaHe 6e3 C0JI. AKO ce npHB'bpnrna, TH 6bp3a )la
KynH HJIH ,na seMe Ha 3aeM, ,no,neTo ce KYIIH. ETo samo ceJrnHHHbT
BC.Hkora HMa C0JI Ha 6yuH sa HHK0JIK0 Meceua H Il'bpBaTa rpHma.
KoraTo Tp'hrHe Ha na3ap B rpalla, e lla nHTa con HMa JIH. (Ba6a BYTH
HHKOJIHUa, c. JionHH, Te1eBeHcKo)
KoraTo ce cnara co4>paxa, Ha n'hpao MHCT0 m.e ce TYPH Ha co4>pa-
Ta C0JIHHK'bT, 3aIU0T0, aKo HHMa C0JIHHK, BHpBa ce, qe )l51BOJIHTe
HrpaHT npe3 co4>paTa H ce M'bpCHT. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa TieHOBHUa, c.
JIHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO.) JloIIIO e 3a K'bUJ.aTa co4>paTa )la ce )l'bp)KK
6e3 C0JIHHK; H.HMaJJ0 ,na HMa crrop H 6epeKeT B K'bUJ.aTa. (Ba6a K'hHa
ITeTKosa, c. AJITHMHp, OpRxoacKo.)
HAPO, aHA Bf{PA 215
AKO ca CJIO:>KeHH .n.pyn:ITe roa6H, a COJIHHK'bT JIHilCBa, JIOillO e
sa K'hIUaTa H aa lleJIHJJ.Ta . (Ba6a CTaHa, c. PaKOBHUa, KyJicKo, 6a6a
.lloHa, c. llIHnKa.)
KoraTO Jl.OHecaT .n.eTeTO OT U'hpKBa, OT Kp'bIIJ.eHe , Ha npara Ha
BpaTaTa ro nocpew.aT C IlHTa XJIH6, COJI H BHH0-3H 3'IH 6epeKeT B
K'bIU3Ta, 6epeKeT .n.a C'bnpOBO)KJJ.a .n.eTeTo B ueJIHH MY :>KHBOT. (Ba6a
CTOHHa , c . KHe:>Ka, 6a6a ByTH, c. JionHH.)
KoraTo ce Epow.a HeBecTaTa OT seH'IHJIO , nocpew.aT H Ha npara
Ha BpaTaTa C IlHTa XJIH6 H 01rope COJI H BHHO. MJI8Jl.HTe Tp116Ba .n.a
xanHaT no e.n.1m 33JI'bK OT IlHTaTa, HaToneH B COJITa, H .zr.a Cp'b6HaT OT
BHHOTO, 33 .n.a HMaT IlOMe:>KJJ.Y CH croaop H 06Hll H .n.a H~aT crrop B'bB
BCH11KO, 6epeKeT; aKO e HM3JIO JIOllla cpew.a, .n.a ce pa3B3JIH - 38IUOTO
COJITa paaaaJIR BCHllKH JIOniH HaBeTH. (Ba6a CToHHa, c. KHe:>Ka, 6a6a
B'bJIKaHa TieHOBHU a, c. J1HT3KOB O.)
KoraTo ce nocpew.a HHKOH CK'hn rocT, Ha apaTaTa w.e ro nocpem.-
'HaT C IlHTa XJISJ6, COJI H BHHO. C TOBa ce rrpOCH OT 6ora .n.a Jl.3B3 cnop H
6epeKeT B K'hlllaTa, a.n.paae H aeceJIHe Ha tJeJIHJJ.'la. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa
IleHOBHUa, C. J1HT8KOBO, 6a6a .llecna, C. .llepeMaxJie.)
CoJITa KaTO CHJJHa cpemy BCli'IKO JJOillO, MOMHTe H 6yJI~HTe, 38
,na 61>.n.aT 3anaaeHH OT M3fHH, OT JIOWa cpew.a, OT JIOillH O'IH, OT IlOJIHB-
KH H npera3eH O HOT BCHKaKB H JIOIIIH Jl.HX3HHfl , HOCRT B Il33BaTa CH HJIH
B no.n.nacKaTa CH MaJIKO coJI OT B'hJJ.H.ff aeqep. (Ba6a Mopq>a, c . ,[lepe-
KbOH, K'h3'b.,1 3f3tJKO.)
Ha TpHTe 1<a.n.eHH aetJepH: B'hJJ.HH aeqep, cpew.y CypyaaK H H
cpelUY Bo.n.HUH Tpane3aTa He MO)Ke .n.a ce KaJJ.H 6ea coJI.
Ha f eprbOBJJ.eH ce qeTe COJI, C KOHTO 33K'bpMB3T arHeTO, OTpe.n.e-
HO .n.a 60.n.e aaKJiaHo. TaH otJeTeHa con ocaew.aaa arHeTo H He ce KaJJ.H
BTOpH Il'bT. Toaa rrpaBHT HHK1JJ.e, .n.eTO IlOil'bT e caM, a ceJIO'IO e roJI.HMO,
Ta HHMa Bpe~,e .n.a XOJl.H .n.a qeTe Ha BCHKO arHe B'bB BCHKa K'bIIJ.8. B1>B
BCH'IKHTe o6pe.n.u IJ 06H1IaH na CM'bpT, CBaT6a HJII{ pO)KJl.eHHe, .n.eTo ce
K3Jl.H HJIH He K8,llH, 6e3 COJI, XJIH6 H BHHO He MO:>Ke .n.a MHHe.
M B 6aHHHHTa COJITa Jl.'bp:>KH n1>pBO M51CTo; COJITa B HapOJJ.HaTa
MeJJ.HII.HHa HMa 1 yfl 3Ha11eHHe, qe IT'hJl.H 6oJiecTHTe. (Ba6a BrJIKaHa, c.
JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a K1>Ha fleTKOFa, c. AJITHMHp .)
CoJI peqepHO Bpe.Me, IlOCJJe 33JJH3BaH eTO Ha CJJ'bHIJ.eTO, He ce .n.a-
Ba, 33ll(OTO 6epeKeT1>T H .n.o6pOTO ce .n.aBaJJO Ha .n.pyra K'blll.8 . Ho HMa
cJJyllaH, KOraTO OT fOJJHMa Hy)KJJ.a hJIH 38 JieK c~ HaJiara )la ce .n.a.n.e COJI
BeqepHO Bpe¥e; TOraBa OT TaR COJI TpH6Ba .n.a ce cnyctte M3JIKO B ou.eT-
HP.Ka . Torasa oueT'hT Ka3BaJI: ,:He 6ou ce; HaJIH cMe Jl.BaMa, HHKOH tte
MO:>Ke .n.a HH HarrpaBH HHm.o." (Ba6a MapHH YsyH-HHK011oaa, c. llIHn-
Ka, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.n.IOBUH. Cps. C6HY, VI, 93, TpHBHa .)
Con ce He XB'hpra B or'hHH, 3aIIJ.OTO TOraBa TH K'hJIHHJJa H B K'b-
w.aTa ,llOX8:>KJl.8 JIOWOTO, na JIOillO e H 3a OHOfOBa, KOHTO XB'bpJIH COJITa .
(6a6a MoMa, c. To,u.10auH . Cps . C6HY, VII, 140, TpHBHa.)
CoJITa HMa c'hpue; To ce HaMHpa He qecTo. KoflTo HMa OT TOBa
C'bpue H ro HOCH B Il83BaTa CH HJIH B rro,u.rracKaTa ; TOH 6HBa 3anaseH OT
 216 Ji H _M H T 1, P M A PHH .OB

JIOllla cpema, OT JIOWH OllH, OT npera3eHO, OT HanpaTeHO, OT MarHH H

OT BCHKO 3JIO. (6a6a BHJI.a, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a ITetta XpHCTOBa, c.
CTy6en, 6a6a BoJIKaHa, c . JIH'l"aKoBo, 6a6a KoHa, c . AJITHMHp.)
BHpBaHeTo HapO,llHO YllH, qe )I.a ce. K'bJIHe C'bC COJI HJIH B HMeTo Ha
COJI e MHOfO Te)KKO. HHKOra B cnopoBe 38 3HMaHe-,ll.aBaHe K8KTO
CTpaHHTe, TaKa H CBH)l.eTeJIHTe npe,ll. o6mHHCKHH CTapeHWHHa H CeJI-
CKHTe CTapuH ce KJieJIH B XJIH6 H con : ,,,!la Me y6He TOSI XJIH6 H Taff COJI,
a~o rrpaao He K83BaMl" - H HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp)K,ll.aBa, lie
TaK'hB, aKo e H3JI'hraJI, HenpeMeHHO me 60)1.e HaKa3aH: HJIH e3HK'bT MY
~e.·ce 3aB'hp*e, Ta He me MO)Ke JI.a roaopH, HJIH c otJuTe CH me ocnenee,
HJIH c KpaKaTa H poueTe me ocaKaTee, HJJH w.e ce no6opKa c yMa CH. ·
(6a6a ToJI.opa n. XpHcToaa, c. JluTaKoao, 6a6a Byn1 HHKOJJHna,
c. _JI'onHH, 6a6a KoHa CTeTKOBa, c. AJITHMHP , 6a6a MHtJa H.hHHtJeea.
c.· Ko3ap Benette, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KOBa, c. BanaaH.)
6) X n .ff 6
XnH6'hT e H3JlHfHaT JlO Hafl-roJIHMa cTeneH Ha pe-·
JIHfHO3HO yBa}KeHHe H IlOllHTaHHe .
XnH61T e caemeH. KoraTo ,lla ce HJI.e, tJOBeK Tp.H6aa JI.a ce npeK-
P'!>CTH, na Toraaa ,ll~ H.l(e; aKo HMa TpOXH, TpH6Ba ,lla ce CMeTaT, 33-
IitoTO ronHM rpHx e JI.a ce ra3H no T.HX; aKo no n'hT.H ce HaMepH napqe
XJu16, .TpH6Ba JI.ace MaxHe, 3a JI.a He ro ra3HT.
06peJI. 6e3 xnH6 Hee o6peJI.; penH°rHo3eH o6peJI., KaK'hBTO I( JI.a e
6HJI TOH, · 6e3 xnH6 He MO)Ke JI.a 60)1.e. B o6pe.u.HTe H OOHllaHTe xnH6'bT
ce Ka3Ba o 6 p e Jl e H x n .H (5 .
XJlH6'bT H ·coJITa CBeTa xpaHHT. .
Xnsr6'bT, coJJTa H BHHOTo -ca o6pe,llHaTa ca. TpoHua, 6e3 KOHTO
HHKaK1>B o6peJJ. He ce. B'bpUJH.
HaH-fOJJSII\1 rpHX e JI.a ce ·xaopJIH B HellHCTO MHCTO XJIH6 H BltHO.
B 6a.HHeTo .XJISlf''bT ce cpema l.l,HJJ, HO pH,llKO.
B MafHHTe HHKaK ce He cpew.a.
(3a xnH6a [B)K. ] no-rope, cTp . ,,96"

B) B.HH 0

,,BHHOTO e :KOMKa" - Ka3Ba _HapO,ll'bT •

. He3aBHCHMO OT TOBa BHHOTO B Q6pe.rune H B o6Hll8HTe ce rJie,na
KaTo
•
caemetto semecTao cnmo KaKTo H XJIH6nT. KaKTo 6e3 XJIH6 t Tnii
. H. 6e3 BHHO HHKaK'hB o6peA, HHKaK'hB o6H~afi , peJIHr Ho3eH HJIH He, ue
MO~e JJ.3 6oJJ.e . . TaMO, JJ.eTO ce K8JJ.H· H AeTo ce He K8AH, BHHOTO 3aeMa
n'bpBO M9.CTO .no XJIH6a H CO.T!Ta. HMa cny 11af1, J(eTo BllHOTO caMO ce
ynoTpe6JI.ffBa.
(3a BliHOTO [inK. ] no-rope, CTp. 99- ' 100.)
HAP0/1.H A BJIPA 217
t) 0 U e T

Koma 6e3 oueT He M0)Ke; Jiolllo e 3a KomaTa.

Ou.eT'hT e rna1lHaTa 3a~HHKa Ha BCHIIKHTe ceJ1CKH ro36H. KaKBaTo
.lf )la 6o)le ro36a, ocseH KHceno se,Tle, oe3 oueT He l\W.>Ke. ·
HapO)lHOTO BHpBaHe e )laJio Ha oueTa ro.'Hll\·I a MafHlleCKa CHJia.
Ou~T r0HH ypOKHTe H J:0llJHTe OlJH; scii:;a,a..H TOBa .n.eTe, KOeTO e
..x~aHaJIO ypOKB, HJIH MOMa H 6ynKa, KOH1'0 XBaHaJia JIOlliH oqH -
MHHT HR.II. 0f'hHH C oueT.
. HanpaTen .>KHBaK, aKo ro BHJlHT y Be.n.poTo, yM1,pTBHBaT ro,
.KaTO ro Il0Jie.HT C oueT.
(Ba6a ByTH, c. JionHH, 6a6a Kepa. c. Ba.risaH.)
OueT nocJie saxo)l CJl'hHUe ce He .n.aBa H3 KbIUH, saw.OTO oueT'hT
ce pa3B3JIH H saw.OTO e JIOllIO sa B K'hlll.H. (6a6a EJIKa, C. 4ynpeHe.)
AKo HMa roJIHMa Hy)K,ZJ.a ,na ce )la)le oueT, Toraaa B Hero ce TYPH
MaJlK0 COJI. CoJITa Ka3DaJia Ha oueTa: ,,.il.PbX{ ce, He 6oM ce; HaJIH CMe
.,llBaMa, HHKOH He M0>Ke HH HanpaBH HHII(O!" (Ba6a Mapirn, c . lliHTTKc:l .)
OueT'hT H COY.Ta ce ClIHTaT )lBaMa 6JIH3KH )lpyrapu; K0HTO ro36a
H~a oueT, HenpeMeHHO TpH6Ba )la HMa H con. ,,ConeHo H KHceno e
.JJHTHa ro36a Ha pa6pTHHKa " - Kasaa 6a6a Map11H; c. llhmKa; a 6a6a
B'bJIKOBa, c. JlHTaKOPO, npHTYPH H nunpeHo, T.e. JIIOTHBO .

. ,n) B paw Ho
. BpalllHOTO HMa C'bIIJ.0TO pe.'1HfH03H O yaa.>KettHe ,
·KaKBOTO H XJJH6r.T~ o(faqe He )l0 TaKaBa CTeneH. BoB no.n.eHHUaTa, na H
ITT0 Il'bTH 6pallIHOTO rasHT H HHKOH He ro c nna 3a rpHX, KoraT0, haKTO
1

Kaaax no-rope, e.D.Ha Tpoxa xn.s16 )la ce BH.llH xsopJJeHa HJIH na)lHaJJa,
'IlpHMHTaT H B HHKOH 'bf'bJI HJIH H )lHfaT .na ce He T'bTI'le C KpaKaTa.
BpalllHOTO ce SIBHBa KaTO aemecTB0, OT)leJJHO OT XJIH6a, a l\1HOro
·OOpf))lH H peJilffH03H H o6HtJaH, Ka)lH ce_H ce ynoTpe6.i1HBa 3a JieK B Ha-
p0,llHaTa MC.llHUHHa. '
3a MafHH 6paumo He ce ynoTpe6JIH na, KaKTO H. XJIH61>T, BHHOTO,
·C0JITa H oueT'J-T - 33IIJ.0TO l\•I arHH He c1aaaJIH, )lHB0.rl'hT 6HTaJI OT THX.
062t1e 3a .D.~6po, T.e. )lace paaaaJIHT HHK0H ~1ann1 HJJH .lla ce pa3HecaT
JI0llIH OIIH, JI0llia cpew.a H Jlp., 6pallIHOTO ce ynoTpe6JIHBa.
(3a 6palllHOTO [B.>K. ] B ,,rpa)lHBO 3a BeIUeCTBeHa KY JITypa",
\C6HY, XVIII, 44.)

e) T e c T o (Kaac)

TecTOT0 C1 aBa OT 6paWHO, a OT TeCT0T0 C'faBa XJIH6.

B HapO)lHOT0 BSlpBaHe 1ecTOTO HMa H3BeCTHO . peJIHfH03H 0 yaa-
JKeHHe, HO He a TaKaBa CTeneH, KaKT0 XJIH6'bT.
KaTo ce roBopH 33 TeCTO, paa6upa ce He U.SIJIOT0 TecTo, KBaC'bT. a
KBac'bT e 6aIUa Ha· TecToTo. Be3 KBac Koma He 6Haa .na ocTaHe ,
218 ,aHMH T'bP MAPH HfJB

K8KT0 H 6e3 C0JI H oueT, 33Ill.0T0 e JI0W0 33 K'bIIJ.3Ta; K'bI.UaTa 0CHp0M a-

WeBaJia. BceKH BeJIHKH 'leTB'bpT'bK ce Il0,ZlH0BHBa KBaC'bT -,no6HB a ce
MJia,n KBac, K0MTO IlQCJie Tpae npe3 UHJiaTa r0,ZlHHa naK Jl.O BeJIHKH qe-
TB'bpT'bK. nocJie 38X0,Zl CJl'bHUe KBaC ce He ,naaa, KaKT0 ce He ,nasa HH
C0JI H oueT, 3811J.OT0 6e-p'e~eT'bT ce npeHaCH B 11yJ1<,na K'bW.a, B Ta.ff
K'blIJ.a, ,neTo -ce .naaa KBac. OcBeH TOBa, noHeJl<e c KBaca ce npaBHT
MarHH, TO MO)Ke H C .na.neHHH KBac .na npaBHT HeIUO JI0III0 ..
C KBaca MO)Ke .na ce npaBHT MarHH 33 o6HpaHe XJIH6a OT HHBHTe H
MJIHKOTO OT KpaBHTe H OBUHTe; 3apa,ZlH T0Ba He 6HBa ,na ce ,naBa KBac·
Hso6w.o, a Hai%-ae11e ae11epHo epeMe. (Ba6a B'bJIKaHa, c . JlHTaKo Bo,
6a6a Mop<pa, c . ,UepeKhOH, 6a6a MapHH, c. IIIHnxa. )
Kaac'bT ce yn0Tpe6JI.s1aa a Hapo.nHaTa Me,nHUHHa tiecTo. KoraT': ce
npHcnoc o6JIHBa HaqHH'bT, HapelieH C TepMHHa nyKaHe 8aAl{U, KOHTO
CTaBa no TOH Ha'IHH: KB8C'bT ce npaBH Ha TOillJeTa (BaJIUH) H rH ryJK,naT
Ha Ha)Ke)KeHaTa nJiotJa Ha orHHW.eTo 6e3 :>Kap; Ha.n TH.ff TontJeTa ce 6ae
H ce HapH1Ia; HHKOH HJIH BCHlJKH TOiltJeTa nyxaT; TOBa IlOKa3Ba , qe
ypoKHTe , JIOIIJaTa cpew.a, JIO~HTe 011H, HanpaBe HOTO, npera3eH OTO H
np. ce nyKaa, pa3HacH ce.
To.SI cnoco6 Ha JiexyaaH e ce npHcnoc o6JIHBa, KoraTo HHKOH MOMa
HJIH 6tJixa, HJIH ,neTe ca xaaHaJIH ypoKH, cpew.HaJia rH JIOIIJa cpem.a.
CTpeJIHHH ca .6HJIH of JIOIIJH OlJH, npera3HJ IH ca H.SIKOH ~arHH, Hanpaae -
HO HM e Hew.o JIOIIJo H np. np. 3JIH HaBeTH. (Ba6a B'bJIKaHa ITeHOBHU.a.
c. JlHTaxoa o, 6a6a MH'Ia, HJIHHtJeaa_, c . Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a ByTH
HHKOJIHU.a, c. Jlon.HH.)
Kaac'hT ce cpew.a ow.e npH MHoro o6pe,nH H o6HqaH; npH pa)K-
,itaHe, npH CBaT6a,na H npH CM'bpT; HMa CJiytJaH a o6pe,nPTe, KoraTO ce
y110Tpe6JIHBa xaac .na npe,nna3H ,neTeTo H po,nHTeJIKaTa, .u.a 3ana3H MJia-
JI.0)KeHU.HTe, a npH CM'bpTTa - .na 33IT33H Jl.OMaIUHHTe H ,Zla 6'h)l.e ·D'bT.HT
Ha yMpeJIHH JJeK H ,no6'bp.
)K) 5I i% U· e
HapO.zI.HO TO B.HpBaHe H Ha HHU.eTo e Jl.3JIO H3BeCTHO
peJIHrH03HO yBa)KeHHe, caMo qe HHUeTo ce cpew.a noaeqe a MarHHTe sa
JIOlllO, a caMO pH.II.KO B o6H'I3HTe 38 .u.o6po.
5Ii%ueTo Ha BeJIHK.II.eH Hrpae .Ba)KHa poJIH, 6HJIO HJIH qepBeHo . C
Hero ce KOMKaBaT, T.e. oT6Jia)KBaT; HHKOH He xanaa Meco HJIH ,npyro
6Jia)KHO, .no.neTo He xanHe JIHUe.
5IiiueTo Il83H ,neTeTO H po,nHTeJ IKaTa.
"lJepynK HTe OT aeJJHK,Z{ eHCKHTe HHUa Il33HT K'bW.aTa OT 3JIO.
BeJIHK,Z{ eHCKOTO HHUe, H TO Il'bpBOTO , KOeTo e B3IlC3HO Ha BeJIH-
KH tJeTB'bpT'bK, ce IT33H npH HK0HaTa H C Hero ce 6ae Ha .u.euaTa, M0-
MHTe H 6)lJIKHTe, KOraT0 ypoqaca T HJIH rH cpew.He JIOIIIa cpew.a, HJIH
rH ycTpeJIHT JIOlllH OIJH.
5IiiueTO Hrpae B3)KH8 pOJIH H B o6pe.na, KOHTO ce H3B'bpWBa Ha
D0.HTa _npH OBUHTe .zr.a 6'h,naT 3ana3eHH OT M3MHHUH JKeHH, KOHT0 C Ma-
H A'p o J1. H A B JI P A 219
rJUf M3MSIT ~JISIKOTO !f8 CTa,D.OTO. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBO.)
Coe CHJiaTa Ha .SIHUeTO ce pa3B~JIHT ypOKHTe Ha HHKOH .n;o6HT'bK:
KOH, BOJI, KpaBa. . .. '
B Hapo.n;HaTa Me.II.HUHHa ce cpew.a HHUeTo r o tJeCTO, HO TaKa
MHO_
C'blUO ce cpew.a tJeCTO H B MarHHTe. (pa6a KnHa, c. AJITHMHp.)
OT SIHUe, M'bTeHO no.n. MHillHHUaTa, :>Keea-Bew.Hua noJiytJaBa IlJIJle-
H3B.HK, T.e. JIOlll .n.yx. (Baoa MHtJa HJIHHtJeBa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)

3) Me .n.

Me.II.'bT e 6JiarocJIOBeH, KaKTO H BOC'bK'bT.

Hapo,nHOT0 B.HpBaee e O0JIHKJIO Me.n;a B roJIHMO peJIHrH03HO
ysa:meHHe. Me.n. ce Ka.II.H H ce cpew.a B MHoro oope,nH H ooatJaH.
Ha 6'h,nHSI Betiep, cpew.y CyposaKH H cpew.y Bo.nHUH, Ha TpHTe
Ka)J.eHH BetiepH, coq>paTa .ce ee Ka,nH 6e3 Me,n.
C Me.II. ce Ma)KaT o6pe)J.HHTe XJIH6oBe; c Me.II. ce no,ncJia,nHBa KOJIH-
BOTO Ha CM'bpT H npHHOC.
B Hapo,nHaTa Me,nHUHHa npH 6a»HeTo Me,n'hT ce cpew.a qecTo; 3a-
w.0To HMaJI CHJia .na pa3B3JIH MarHH, ypoKH, JI0llJH OtJH, JI0llla cpew.a H
,np. (Ba6a MoMa, c. To,n10BuH; 6a6~ MapHH, c. IIIHnKa.)
,,Me,ll H MaCJIO" e OJiarocJIOBHH B'bB BCHtJKH CJiytJaH, npH CBaT6a,
Ha 61>)1.HH Betiep H .n;pyrH, .n;eTo ce 6JiarocJiaBH H 6Jiarono:>KeJiaBa.

H) BOC 'h K

Boc'hK'hT e 6narocJioBeH OT (fora. Hero ynoTpe6JIH-

BaT 33 )KepTBa 6ory. B 06pe,n11Te H B HapO,il.HHTe OOHtJaH BOC'bK'bT ce
cqHTa 33 CBHT. 06pe,ll H peJIHfH03eH O0HqaH oe3 BOC'bK, T.e . . 6e3 BOW.e-
H3 caew., ·He MO)Ke; He.ce Ka,nH Ha Tpane3a, HH Hem.o .llpyro, aKo HHMa
BOW.eHa CBew..
Boc'hK'bT B MarHH He ce ynoTpe6JIHBa, IlOHe)Ke c Hero MafHH He
CTaBaT, ,llHBOJIHTe OHraT OT Hero.
B Hap0,llHaTa Me,llHUHHa BOC'bK'bT ce cpew.a qecTo, 33W.OTO e Jie-
KOBHT H 33W.OTO HMa roJIHMa CHJia. (Baoa Mopcpa, c . .IJ.epeKbOH, 6a6a
MoMa, c. To,llIOBUH.)
,lI.'bpBeTaTa ce MHpOCBaT C B0C'bK, 3eHTHH H Me.II..
B'h,ZJ;HHK'bT ce MHpOCBa C B0C'bK, 3eHTHH H Me.n..

K) 3 e A T H H, (eneil, ,Zl;'bpBeHO MaCJIO)

HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe rne,lla Ha aeilTHHa c _yBa:>Ke-

HHe. 3eiiTHH'bT ce Ka.n.P; KaH)J.HJIOTO Ha CJIY)KOa, Ha oopoK, Ha CM'bpT »
B'hB BCeKH o6pe)J., )J.eTO HMa KaH,II.HJIO, ce naJIH caMO C'bC 3eHTHH.
MacJIHHOBOTO )J.'bpB0 C MaCJIHHKaTa e B'b3IlHT0 B H3IllHTe M0MHH-
CKH H CBaToapcKH neCHH, a eJieHT B neCHHTe ce He cpew.a, HO B o6pe-
AHTe - HaBCHK'b)J.e.
..220 Ji H . M H T 'b P M AP H HOB

JI) l\\ a C JI 0

TyK ce pa36Hpa caMO np.RCHOTO MaCJIO, npe){HMHO or

-Kpaaa. HapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHe npenop'bllBa MaCJIOTO a MHOro o6peAH H
.-peJIHfH03HH 06H11aH; MaCJIOTO ce Ka)J.H Ha Tpane3a B H3BeCTHH cnyqaH.
Ha Kp'hw.ette H Ha caaT6a a o6pe.U.HTe np.RCHOTo Maeno •Hrpae
_Ba.>KHa pOJI.ff. .
.UeTeTo H pO.U.HTeJIKaTa ce Ma.>KaT c np.RcHo Maeno, 3a Aa 61>.l{aT
3,Il.paBH H .u.a 6HraT OT T.ffX BCHKaKBH JIOIIIH .IJ.YXOBe H HaBeTH.
ByJIKaTa, KOraTO w.e BJie3He 38 np'bB Il'bT B K'bll(aTa, CilHpa ce Ha
BpaTaTa H Ma.>Ke roPttH.ff npar c Me.II. H npHCHO Maeno, 3a ,IJ.a HMa mo6oa,
-croaop, 3.IJ.paae H 6epeKeT.
B 6JiarOCJIOBHHTe CH KOJie,IJ.apUHTe IlQ:>KeJiaBaT ,II.a Teqe ·,,Me,IJ. H
M8CJIO".
M) T pH u H

TpHU11Te ce .oT,IJ.e~.ffT OT 6palllHOTO.

TpHuHTe HMaT HHKaKBa MarHqecKa CHJia; 38TOBa ce cpew.aT B
"HHKOH o6pe,IJ.H H o6H1I8H.
Ha ,IJ.eTe, KOeTo ce OilHKBa, ,IJ.aBaT ce TpHIIKH.
flpH JJaxyca .>KeHa, KOf3TO OCTaHe CaMH1IKa, ,II.a He H ycTpeJIHT
. Jiax.ycHTe, TIO.II. B'b3fJl8BHHU8Ta H ry:>K,IJ.aT TpHUH .
..Ua He BJIH38 3JIO H JIOllia cpew.a B K'bW.aTa, IlO.IJ. .IJ.OJIHHH npar ry.>K-
-~aT 1pHUH. (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa IleHOBHµa, c. JlHTaKoeo.)

7. 06eKmu aa o6Au'laHe u HaKumu

Or o6eKTHTe 38 o6JJH1I.aHe H 38 KHTeHe TYK 1:1,naT
CJie,IJ.HHTe:
0

a) p H3 a, K O ill y JI SI

PH3aTa e B'b3TI.ffTa B HapO.IJ.HHTe neCHH, oco6HO

·n MOMHHCKHTe H Hrpae Ba:>KHa poJIH B HapO.IJ.HOTO BHpBaHe, B o6pe)(HTe
H B · peJIHfH03HHTe o6H1I8H. PH3aTa, OC06lJ:O MOMHHCKaTa H 6ynqeH-
>CKaTa, e npe,IJ.MeT Ha HaH-fOJieMH rpH.>KH, 3aIIJ.OTO no pH3aTa, T.e. :no
11HCTOTaTa H no Be3MOTO, II03HaBaT MOMaTa . H 6yJIKaTa. ETo 3·aw.o· MO-
MaTa H 6yJIKaTa TIOJiaraT BCHt{KOTO CH. yMeHHe ,II.a H3Be3aT H Halll~pHT
p.H3aTa CH KOJIKOTO ce MO.>Ke rro-xy6aao H IIO-fH3,IJ.aBO. 3a TaKHBa ee-
.38HH pH3H neHT MOMHHCKHTe neCHH:

no IIOJIH H CHTHH 3Be3,IJ.H,

Ha r1>p.ZJ.H ii HCHO. CJI'hHUe,
Ha rrJiell.(H ii HceH Meceu,
no na3Ba H 3eMJIH, Heoo,
3eMJI.ff, He6o, ropa, BO.II.a,
TpH nJiaHHHH CHBO CT8.IJ.O,
HAPO,llHA BflPA 22[
T.e. mapKHTe CBeTHT KaTo CJl'bHUe, Meceu H 3Be3)1.H H TOJIKO e Hawa -
peHa H H3TIHCaHa, W.OTO Ha)J.MHHaBa BCH'IKO, lll.0 ce BH)K,LJ.a.
KaKTO e)J.HH XY.lJ.O)KHHK B CBOHTe TBopeHHH H3JIJ-IBa CBOHTa ,nynrn;
T'bH D B'bB Be3MOTO Ha pH3aTa MOMaTa H3JIHBa CBOHTe qyscTna: CBOHTa
T'bra, CBOSITa pa.nocT H CBOHTe MellTH. ETo 33Ill.0 B e.nHH KpaH H .nopH B
e)lHO ceJIO - Be3MOTO no CBOH THn H no useTOBeTe Ha CBHJiaTa HJIH.
· B'bJIHaTa, C KOHTO ce Be3e, CH npHJIHlla, HO caMOTO Be3MO HMa CBOH
xapaKTepHH ttepTH, KOHTO noKa3BaT MOMaTa, KOHTO rH neaaJia.
-P H3aTa e CBelll.eHa 3a MOMaTa H 6yJIKaTa.
A TaKaBa H npe.ncTaBJIHBa H Hapo.nHOTO BHpBaHe.
Pll3aTa npe.ncTaBJIH_Ba caMaTa MoMa HJIH caMaTa 6yJ1K2. ETo 3amo
BCHK3 MOMa H BCHKa 6yJIKa, na H no-MJia,na )KeHa, na3H CBOHTa pH33
K3TO OllHTe CH. J1 HapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHe npe,ncTaBJIHBa pH3aTa K3TO
Helll,O no-BHCOKO OT o6HKHOBeHOTO o6JieKJIO.
HapO.ll.HOTO BHpBaHe TB'bp)J.H, qe qpe3 pH38Ta MO)Ke .na ce Ha-
naKOCTH Ha MOMaTa, Ha HesecTaTa HJIH MJia)J.aTa )KeHa. E.ntta MarhOC-
HHU3, 33 .na HanpaBH MarHH Ha e.nHa MOMa, HeBecTa HJIH )KeHc:i, 6JfJJO
.na ce pa36onee H yMpe, 6HJIO 3a 0Mpa3a H pa3,nHJia, rJie,na .na HMa Ha
pnKaTa CH pH3aTa Ha Ta.H MOMa, HeBecTa H )KeHa. AKO pH38Ta. He MO)Ke
,ll.3 H ,ll.OCTaBHT, 331UOTO BCHKa MOMa, HeBeCTa H )KeHa CH KpHe pH33Ta
no.n. KnlO'I, ToraBa Jl.OCTa e caMO e,nHH KOHeu OT He.H.
PH3aTa Hrpae MHOro Ba)KH3 poJI.H B CBaT6aTa.
BeH'l.{lll,Hama pU3a Ha HesecTaTa H Ha ~Jia,no)KeHHKa, KOHTO e Be-
3aHa OT C'hill.3Ta HeBeCTa K3TO MOMa, CJie,n BeHllaBaHeTO ce na3H H K'hTa;
HapO,nHaTa B.Hpa npenopo'IBa B C'hIUaTa pH33 H .n.a 60,naT 38KOTI3HH,_
33IIJ.OTO Ha OHH CB.HT llOBeK XO)J.H no pH3HUa, H TO B Ta.H pH3a , B KOHTO
ce BeH11aJI. Ho TaH pH3a Tp.H6sa .na 60,ne tJHCTa, a ttucma pU3a e Torasa ,_
KoraTo 6yJIKaTa e H3Jie3HaJia llHCTa, ,neBCTBeHa. HeqHcTa pH3a ce
XB'hpra. (6a6a EJIKa, c. lJynpeHe, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c. J1HTaKoBo, 6a6a
Cn6a, c . JiecH.npeH, 68:6a AfHqa, c. Ko3ap 6e.11ette.)
lJoBeK 6e3 pH3a JIOllIO e .na· xo.n.H. TaK'hB lJOBeK 6e3 .npyro w_e OCH-
poMarnee H oronee, HO H 3a UHJiaTa Korn.a e MHoro ~1olllo.
PH3aTa ce cpew_a C'hill.O npH pa3B3JIHHe Ha MarHHTe, T.e. Marhoc-
HHUa, KOH.TO HCKa .na pa3B8JIH HanpaBeH:HTe l\13fHl1, . ynoTpe6HBa naK.
pH3a.
PH3aTa ce cpema B MHOfO .CJiy11aH.npH JJeKyBaHeTO H 6aHHH.HTa~

6) Il p e C T H JI K a
IlpecTHJIKaTa e 6ener· Ha :»<eJiaTa. Mo)K npecTHJJKa
He HOCH. )KeHa 6e3 npecTHJIKa He 6HBa. 11 npecn1..1KaTa Hrpae Ba)KHa
POJUI B'bB B.HpBaHHHTa HapO,nHH.
flpa MarHHTe npecTHJIKaTa ce cpema qecTo.
AKO He MO)Ke .n.2 ce ,nocTaBH pH3aTa, TO ce 3HW.3 npeCTHJIKaTa K
qpe3 HeH ce pa3B3JIHT HJIH npaB.HT MarHH.
npeCTHJIKaTa Hrpae B3)KH3 pOJIH B Hapo.nHaTa Me)l.HUHHa, a oco-
6eHo npH 6aHHeTO.
222 JiHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

B) r a lil. H
ramlfl'e ca M'b.>KKO o6JieKJIO H ca CBMBOJI Ha M'b>Ka.
l(aKTO e.nHa MOMa HJIH .>KeHa na3H CBOHTa npeCTHJIKa; TaKa Tpsr6sa H
M'b.>K'bT .na na3H caonTe ramH, 33lll.OTO c ramHTe ce npaasrT Mar11H;
qpe3 ralll.HTe e.nHH MOM'bK MO.>Ke .na 60.ne B'bp3aH.
HapO,ll.HOTO BSJpBaHe . ,ll.OTOJIKOBa CB'bp3B3 qoaeKa C HerOBHTe
ralll.H, Ill.OTO ralll.HTe MOra1 .na ro 33MeCTHT B pa3JIHqHH o6peAH It
o6allaH.
IlpH T3KHB3 o6pe.nH H o6HqaH, ·KOHTO . H3HCKB3T npHC'bC1'8HeTo
Ra BCH'iKH )l.OM3WHH, a oco6eHO BCHqKH M'b.>KKH qJieHOBe Ha 33.ApyraTa,
.aKo HHKOH OT M'b.>KeTe OTC'bCTByBa - no neqan6a HJIH OTHW'bJI BOHHHK
H He Mo.>Ke ,Aa ~H .noA)J.e, Toraaa BMecTo Hero TYPHT ram.HTe MY.
ramHTe ca HMaJIH TaKOBa 3HalleHHe, Ill.OTO e HM3JIO CJJyllaH B
OTC'hCTBHeTo Ha MOM'bKa, ro)J,eHHUaTa ?¥•Y )I.a 60.lle BeHqaaaHa c rauune
My.
TaK'hB cnyqaA e HMano B c. IlqeJIHHUH, Pa,n.oMHpcKo npe)J.H 100
H noaeqe rO)J,HHH, OKOJIO 1750 r.
TOH cnyqafl HanOMHSI Ha nOCJIOBHUaT-a: ,,Ha TH Il'bHbO ram.u, )(a
.n pHJIHqaw Ha TaTal"

r) 3 a 6 p a .ll K a
TyA, KoeTo e KanaTa Ha M1>.>Ka, . aa6p}:1.ll.KaTa e 3a
.>KeHaTa.
ronornana .>KeHa 6es saopa.nKa Ha rnaaaTa e HeBH.lleHo H HeqyTo.
Car.m 11y.nHTe .>KeHH Tp'brBaT 6e3 3a6pa)J.Ka, 33TOBa ce H nee:
rona no KOWYJIKH,
Boca no 11opanuH,
rona fOJIOfJI8B3

- C T'hra, KaTO ce pa3K83B3 33 e)J,Ha 6yJIKa, 11e H3YMHJia OT MarHH H

Tp'brHaJia )J,8 XO.AH B onHCaHOTO IlOJIO.>KeHHe.
. MoMa XO)J,H roJiornaaa; HO Be)J,H'b.>K MHHa,,10 BeHqHJIO, TH TpH6Ba
,na e aa6pa)l.eHa c1,c aa6pa,nKa. . ·
Ha .>KeHa He 6HBa )I.a ce BH.llHT KOCH'Ie oT HHKOH .llpyr lt''b.>K .llOPH
H OT CBeK'bpa, 38lll.OTO e JIOWO 33 K'hlll.aTa, . JIOWO e sa ceMeHCTBOTO,
JIOWO e 33 ,neuaTa. CaMo M'b.>K'bT MO.>Ke )I.a BH)J,H KOCHTe Ha .>KeHa CH.
ronorJiaBa .>KeHa paBH03HaqH rona .>KeHa. (Ba6a To)J.opa J;I. XpHCTOBa,
•C. JlHTaKoao, 6a6a MH11a HnHil11eaa, c. Koaap BeneHe.)
,,Ha nycmUHRX H CHpOM3lllHH Tp'brBa B K'hlll.H, aKO .>KeHaTa noqae
,Aa XO.llH ronornaea" - Kaaa 6a6a Kepa )I(eJUI3Koea, c. BansaH,
TopHoecKo.
· 0Kono 3a6pa.llKaTa, KoraTo 3a npoB n'hT ce 3a6pa.>KAa 6yJiKaTa,
~e B'bpWH UHJI peJJHfHO3eH o~pe)J,.
KpoCTHHK'bT H BO)J,~ 33 p'bKa, OTBe}l{Aa H npH .llP'hBHHKa H TaMO
RAPOaHA Bf{PA 223
-c e)lHa np'btlKa OT .llP.HH, rnor HJIH Tp'bH 33K31JBa npeaeca (6yJIOTO) H
ro XB'bpra Ha AP'hBHHKa, a B C'bIIJ.0T0 BpeMe Be)lHara Kp'bCTHHUaTa H
XBopra Ha rJiaBaTa sa6pa.ztKa, 38 ,l{a He BH)lH HHKOH OT M'b.>KeTe KO-
~aTa ii.
11 OT TOH .l{eH .TH CTaBa .>KeHa u He CMee )la CH Il0Ka.>Ke K0CaTa
HHKOMY ocBeH Ha M'b.>Ka CH.
. 3a6paAKaTa Hrpae MHoro Ba.>KHa ponH B MHoro o6pe.ztH H o61f-
'11aH, a OC06HO npH 6aHHeTo H MarHHTe. .
HapO.l{HOTO BHpBaHe npenop'bt1Ba MH0ro Ha BCSIKa .>KeHa ,l{a
na3H 3a6pa.I{KaTa CH, samoTo C He.ff MoraT .l{a ce HanpaBHT HaH-Te.>KKI{
M8fHH.
AKO C'bHyBa 'qQBeK, qe HOCH H0Ba 3a6pa.ztKa - xy6aeo e, pa)l0CT
.ll{e HMa.
AKo sa6paAKaTa e Maoro .l{'bJira -roJISIM npH.zto6HB .
.AKO C'bHyBa, qe X0.l{H 6e3 sa6pa,ll.Ka - rOJISIM cpaM, J:'0JISIMa
.n teTa .. (Ba6a BnJIKaHa IleHOBHUa, c. JlHTaKoeo.)
HapO)lHOTO 06H11aiiHO npaao CIIHTa 3a Haii-rOJISIMO OCK'bp6JieHHe,
.aK0 M'b.>K CK1>Ca 3a6pa,ll.KaTa Ha .>KeHa. 3a ITO)l06HO OCKnp6JieHHe 0TM'b-
.w.eHHeTO e Te.>KKO.
,.Ille c~ CK'bCaM OT Te6e sa6pa,ll.KaTa" - e Bn3pet1Hua, c KOSIT0
e)lHa >KeHa H3Ka3Ba CBOeTO Te.>KKO TerJIO .

.ll.) K a n a

KanaTa e M'hJKK0 HOCHJI0.

B'bB BHpBaHHHTa H o6pe)lHTe KanaTa ce cpema HepSI)lKO.
IlpH >KaJieiiKa, B cny11aii Ha CM'bpT Ha 6JIH.>KHH CB0H: 6ama, MaH-
Ka, >KeHa, 6paT, )leTe - M'bJK'bT X0)lH r0JI0rJiaB H tte6p'bCHaT. Toaa e
6HJIO HHKora a 3ana)lHa BnJirapHH, a cpema ce H )lttecKa. (Ba6a BHAa
H 6a6a ToAopa, c. CTaKhOBUH, Benorpa.ll.llHlllKO, 6a6a IleHa XpHcToaa,
-c. CTy6en, KyTnoacKo, 6a6a KnHa IleTKOBa, c. AJITHMHp, OpHXOBCKO,
6a6a BnJIKaHa TieHOBHUa, c. JlHTaKoao, OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a MHt1a
MnHii11eaa, c.Ko3ap BeneHe, CBHIIJ.OBCKo.)
KanaTa Ha e)lH.H M'b.>K Hrpae poJIH B Hapo,ll.HaTa MeAHUHHa.
B'bB BHpBaHHHTa ce TB'bp)lH, qe )lHB0Jl'bT HMaJI Kana. TaSI )lHBOJI-
.CKa Kana ro npaBH HeBH)lHM: 6e3 Kan~Ta HHe ro BH.>K)laMe. AKO MO.>Ke
qoaeK )la MY seMe KanaTa H H TYPH Ha rJiaBaTa CH, H TOH cTaBaJI HeBli-
AHM. 8 npHK83KHTe ce npHKa3Ba, qe e)lHH IIOBeK CilOJIYtJHJI .l{a 3eMe
KanaTa Ha )lHB0Jia H C HeH npaBHJI )lHBOJIHH. KoraTo H TypHJI Ha rJia-
BaTa CH, TOA CTaBaJI HeBH)lHM. (IlpHK83KaTa 3ailHCaHa OT MeHe B MOH
.c6o·pHHK, cnywaHa OT 6a6a KnHa IleTKOBa, c. AJITHMHp.) .
AKo Ha C'bH HOCHW HOBa Kana - xyoaao e, npHAO0HB.
AKo X0.ll.HW roJiornaB - nowo e, me npeTnpnHw aary6a. (Ba6a
B'hJIKaHa IleHOBHUa, c. JIHTaKoao.)
224 JJ.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB-

e). H a K HT H )Ke H C K H: rpHBHH, np'hcTe~,

naq>TH, o6HUH

THH HaKHTH :>KeHCKH ce npaBHT OT. 3JI8TO, cpe6po-

H IlHpHH'L Te Ce cpeI.U,aT B HapO)lHaTa BHpa, B HHKOH o6pe;t.H H 06HllaH;
a TO:>Ke H B Hap0)lHaTa Me)lHUHHa.
fpHBHHTe HrpaHT Ba:>Kiia poJIH B o6pe)lHTe H o6Hll8HTe npH CBaT-
6aTa. KoraTo ce HOCH UBeTHaTa BO)la, C KOHTO w.e ce 3aMecBaT XJIH60Be-
Te, Hape'leHH KYMOBU KOAQ({U H KQH.UCKa, HJIH 27>Jla6H.UK, B TaH B0)la
TpH6Ba _)la 6'h)laT rpHBHHTe Ha 6yJIKaTa.
HHK'b)le ry>K)laT H naq>THTe C 96HUHTe. fpHBHHTe HOC.HT Ha K.113-
).I.eHeua C neCHH It HrpH H nocJie C THX TOilJIHT BO)laTa, C KOHTO 3aMeCBaT·
TeCT0TO 3a ropHHTe o6pe)lHH XJIH60Be. ToBa ce npaBH, 3a )I.a 0'h,ae-
HeBecTaTa 3anasetta OT JI0lllH 0IIH, OT JI0llla cpeI.U,a H )la HMa B K'hI.U,aTa.
cnop H )I.a B'bpBH BCHllK0 Ha )lo6pe H )la 0'b)l.e IlrJIH0 HaBCHK..'b)l.e. (Ba6a
K'hHa IleTKOBa, C. AJJTHMHp, OpHXOBCKO, 6a6a U.aHa Il1>t10BHU8, ·c.
MapalliKH Tp'hCTE:HHK, IlJieBeHcKo, 6afa MH11a 11JIHHlleBa, c. Kosap,
BeJieHe, CBHW.OBCKO.)
fpHBHHTe, naq>THTe, ·npbCTeHHTe H O0HUHTe Ha TpeTaTa seqep-
CJie)I. pa>K)laHeTo Ha ,aeTeTo ce cJiaraT Ha co¢pa, Ha KOHTo HMa ow,e
COJI, XJIH0 H BHHO, H TaH co¢pa TypraT npH rJiaBaTa ua .i(eTeTo. ToBa
e 3a opHCHHUHTe, KOHTO w.e )tOH)laT npes HOI.U,Ta .na ro opHCaT, T.e . .aa
MY oTpeJl.HT co.n6aTa. (Ba6a DeHa Xpv.:cToBa, c. C'J'.y6eJI, 6a6a HHKOJIH-
Ha, c. MapallIKH Tp'hcTeHHK, 6a6a MHt1a 11JIHHlleBa, c. Kosap Be11eHe,.
6a6a MoMa, c. ToJJ.IOBUH.)
fpHBH~Te, naq>TMTe, . npoCTeHHTe H o6HUHTe ry:>K)laT B M'bJJ'la-
. HaTa B0)la Ha feprbOB)leH' B KOHT0 HMa reprbOBKa; C TaH BO)la ce p'bCJ[
CT8)1.0TO, )la He M0faT 6pOJlHHUHTe H M8MHHUHTe .na o6HpaT MJIHK0T0;
c TaH B0)la ce p'bCH H K0HCKaTa .rJiaBa (cKeJieT), KOHTO e Ha6y11:eHa Ha
e)I.HH KOJieU OT orp~.naTa, KOHTO Il33H CTa)lOTO OT ypoKH H na3H .na He·
JI.0X0>KJJ.a B'hJIK'hT a o6opa; .n.oii.n.e JIH, To .n.a MY 0'h)J.aT ycTaTa 33TBopeHH.
(6a6a JJ.paraHa, c. MapalllKH Tp'hcTeHHK, 6a6a 8'hJIKaHa IleH0B1u1.a,
c. JlHTaKOBO, 6a6a Co6a 60Mt1eBa, c. JlecH.n.peH, 6a6a MH'la 11JIHHqeBa,
c. Kosap BeJieHe.)
fpHBHHTe, na<pTHTe, np'hcTeHv.Te H O0llUHTe ce ry:>K)J.aT B K0~Jia
c M'bJiqaHaTa B0..zt.a, c K0HTO me ce npep'hCH xapMaHa (moKa, eyMH.omo),
JI.eTO me ce B'hpme, KoraTo me ce no'IHe B'hpllleHeTo; TYH ce npaBH JI.a
6'b)le JieKa B'bpllIHT0aTa, .na HMa )J.O0'bp BeTpeu 33 0TBei1BaHe B'hpaxa K
)l.a HMa cnop B 0B'bpllleH0T0 :>KHT0 - .na )J.aBa Il0Be'le XJIH6, a no-MaJI.KO
nJIHBa. (Ba6a B1eJia, c. KHe:>Ka, 6a6a MH'la l1JI11ii11eaa, c. Koaap Be-
JieHe, 6a6a 8'hJI.KaHa, C; J1HTBKOBO.) .
fpHBHHTe, npaq>THTe, np'hcTeHHTe II o6HuHTe - BCH'IKH aae,AHO
H Il00T)l.eJIH0 ce 3HMaT npH 6aHHeTO OT ypoKH, OT ynJiallleHo, OT MarHK
H JlpyrH HarracTH. (Ba6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KOBa, c. BaJIBaH, T'hpHoBcKo~)
fpHBHH, rraq)TH, np'hcTeHH H o6HUH ce ry)KJlaT Ha 6yJIKa, KoraTO
yMpe, H BHpBa ce, qe Te SI_BO)J.HT H3 0'bT.ff H Ha OH.ff CB.SIT. THff o6eKTH,.
HAPOJ!HA BJ/PA 225
KoraTo oTnOCJJe ce H3KonasIT H3 rpo6a - CHJIHH ca ·cpemy MarHH. (6a6a
Kepa )KeJISl3Koea, c . BaJieaH, 6a6a .lloHa YayH HHKoJioea,. c. IllHnKa.)
IlpbCTeH'bT or,I\eJIHO Hrpae MHOro fOJISIMa pOJISI 8 HHKOH o6pe)lH.
Cpew.y Hoea rO.IlHHa, Ha feprf?OB.Il~H, Ha BeJIHK)ltH, Ha Cnaeoe)leH,.
npH neeHeTo Ha np1>cTeHHTe npocTeH'hT .Zlbp}KH n1>peo l\CSICTO. .
Ha reprbOB)J.eH, KOraTo 6yJIKaTa H3JlOSIBa nopBaTa OBI.I.a H 3HMa
TibpBOTO MJIHKO, TOBa H3)J.OSIBaHe ce npaBH npea npbCTeH,. 3a )la 61>)1.aT
3ana3eHH OBU.HTe OT JIOlliH OtIH .H )la )J.a)laT npe3 JISITOTO MHOro MJIHKO .
(6a6a BoJIKaHa , c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a KoHar c. AJITHMHp,. 6a6a MapHH
C1rn-KoH0Ba, c. Manopc;1.Zl, 6a6a MH'la HJIHHlleea, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)
flpbCTeH'bT ' MeH08HUK7Jm Hrpae .Ba}KHa pOJISI 8 MHOfO o6pe.ZlH
npH ceaT6aTa, npH pa}K)J.aHeTO H npH CM'bpTTa. IlpoCTeH'bT MeHOBHHK
ce TYPH Ha np'hcTa aa eceKH yMpHJI tioeeK, 3aw.0To B.HpeaHeTo TB'hpJU.f,.
qe TOSI npbcTeH Il'bTyBa C Hero H MY TIOMara H3 IT'bTSI. (Ba6a Jlecna,.
c . .llepeMaxne, 6a6a Mopcpa,. c .. .llepeKhOH, Ko3'hJiara'IKO,. 6a6a MapHH
Y3YH HHKOJIOBa, c. IllimKa, 6a6a MoMa CTeq>'aHOBHU.a,. c. ToiuoeuH,.
EneHcKo.)
KoraTo TOSI np1>cTeH 61>.Zle J:{3KonaH H3 rpo6a,. ynoTpe6nsrna ce
38 JieKyBaHe pa3HH 6oJI~CTH, a oco6eHO KOUY,TO ·T elle Kpl>B H3 HOCa~
aKO ce TTO)lJIO}Klf TIO)J. HOCa, Ta )la Kane npe3 TOSI npbCTeH, KpbBTa Be.Zl~
Hara. cnHpana. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c . BaJieaHUH,. 6a(Sa MHlla l1J1Hii11eea,.
c. Koaap Benem:!.)
KoraTO ce. pO.IlH )leTe H TpH6Ba )lace OK'bne,. TO a KOTeJia c BO!laTa
ce ry)K)la np1>cTeH'hT Ha MaHKaTa; Toraea ,I\eTeTo ce aana3ea OT H3Tpa-
BU.H. H oT cKJionuH. (Ba6a Kepa )l(eJISl3K0'3a. c. :SaneaH, TopaoecKo.)
IlpH 6asrne OT ypoKH, OT JIOIIIH OllH, OT JIOIIIa cpew.a npbCTeH'bT
. Ha HeeecTa ce 3HMa , 3alll.OTO e MHOfO CH.TieH If MO)Ke )la pa3B8JIH ypo-·
KHTe, JIOIIIHTe otIH H JIOIIIaTa cpema. (Ba6a Kepa )l(eJISI3Koea, c . Ban-
BaH, 6a6a_MoMa, c. To)lIOBUH, 6a6a UaHa IleHKOBHUa,. c. llIHnKa.)
AKO C'bHyBaIII, qe HMaIII Ha np~CTHTe CH npbCTeHH - )lo6po e;
aKO e)KeHa H TPYJ(Ha, me pOJ(H MOMlle; aKO e M'b}K - 3H8lJH npHJ(OOHB.,
AKO C'bHyBa JKeHa, iie HOCH H8KHTH - xy6aeo e ..
AKo HMam o6HU.H - rpH}Ka, cKp1>6. .
AKO MOMa C'bHyBa, qe HOCH BeHeu, KHTKa HJIH TIOKOCHSIK - MHOro
J(o6po e, me ce ·oTJIHllH e Hemo. (Ba6a To.l(opa n. XpHcToea, c. Jhrra-
Koeo.) · I
(HanpaBaTa Ha rpHBHHTe : pHC. N2 106, cTp. 115~ Ha nacp!H'fe:
pHC. N2 104 H N2 105, CTp. 114 H 115; Ha npbCTeHHTe: pHc .. 102, CTp.
114, H Ha o6HUHTe: pHC. N2N2 107, 108 H 109, CTp. 115 B "rpa)lHBO 3a
eemecTBeHa KYJITypa" , C6HY, XVIII.)

8. M uHepaAu , om Koumo ce npaeam . HaK.umu

u op7,aUJ1,
OT MHHepaJIHTe, KOHTO ·ce ynoTpe6.1tSIB.aT 33 npa-
BeHe Op'b)lUSI .llOMaIIJHH H HaKHTH, B'bB BHpBaHl:ISITa~ oope)lHTe li
o6HllaHTe, KaKTO H B HapO)lHaTa Me)lHUHHa, BJIHSaT' CJie,llHHTe:
15
226 D.HMHT1'P MAPHHOB

a) 3 JI a To
3JiaTOTO HMa CHJia .na na3H OT ypoKH, OT JIOllla
cpem.a. OT JIOllIH O'IH. 3aTOBa aa KanHUaTa Ha ,tteTeTO HaHH3BaT )K'bJITH-
qKa BJIH SI Rp1>3BaT Ha Kam.fllKaTa MY Ha.n qeJIUeTO. Ta.SI )K'bJITHllKa
paa6HBa ypoKHTe H JIOWHTe OllH H pa3B8JISI BCSIKa JIOllla cpelll.a. (Ba6a
Kepa )KeJIH3Koaa, c. BanaaH, T1>pHOBCKo.)
3a ~'bUJ..aTa UeJI HOCSIT 6yJIKHTe )K'bJITHllKa Ha.z:t qeJIOTO . .
,,KpoCT-,ttyKaTo"' B'b3TIHTO B KOJle.ztapCKHTe necH·H, Tp.H6Ba ,zta 61>.n.e
)K'bJITH'IKa, 3alll.OTO Toraea HM8JIO 6epeKeT, HMaJIO MHp B K'hlll.H - (Ba6a
To;nopa rr. XpHcToaa, c. JIHTaKoeo.)

6) C p· e 6 po
Cpe6poTO HM8 C1>W.8Ta CHJI8, KaKBaTO H 3JiaTOTO.
TipH 6aHHe OT ypOKH cpe6peHaTa napa CTOH Ha n1>pao MSICTO.
Ha 61>,ttHst se11ep a THKBeHHKa ce ry)K.lta 11Hc.Ta cpe6opHa rrapa, .n.a
HMa 6epeKeT H cnop B1>B BCHllKO. (Ba6a MoMa, c. To.nioauH.)
Ha ,ZleTe, KoraTO ce po,ttH, 33 .na 61>.ne 33II83eHO OT ypoKH, OT
JIOllIH O'IH, OT H3TpaBUH H OT CKJIOIIUH, H8llIHBaT ce Ha KaIJHU8Ta MY
pa3JIH'IHH <\)HrypKH, HanpaaeHH OT cpe6po; ,,xy6aao e )la ca 3JI8THH,
HO K8TO HSIMa 3JI3THH, H cpe61>pHHTe II33SIT'' - . Ka3Ba 6a6a Kepa
)l(eJJSl3KOB8, C . BanaaH.
KoraTO ce po.z:tH .neTe· H·pO.z:tHHHHTe OTHB3T .na ro BH,ttHT, 06Ht18HT
e ycT8HOBHJI .Zl8 MY OTHecaT HJIH )K'bJITHllKa, HJIH cpe6peHa -rrapHllKa:
TOH o6nqafl e ycTaHOBHJIO H8pO.z:tHOTO BSlpBaHe,qe Toraaa )1.eTeTo lll.SIJIO
)la _61>.ne 3.Zlpaao H K1>CM~TJIHH;-a ome, Ka3a ce no-rope, )K'bJITH'IKaTa H
napHtJKaTa ro na3HT OT ypoKH, JIOWH OllH, H3TpaBUH H .n.pyrH JIOllleBHHH.
(Ba6a TieHa 11eaHoea, c. CeMHclle, . XacKoBcKo.)
Ha 11BaHOB)J.eH, KoraTO 6a6aTa XO)J.H .na ~'hrre .n.euaTa, Ha BC.HKO .n.e-
Te OTHHCa KHTKa OT 3,ttpaaeu HJIH qeMurnp, HO Ha Tast KHTKa TpS16Ba .na
HMa HaHH3aHa cpe6peHa napHUa 3a 3.Zlpaae, OT ypoKH, OT JIOIIIH O'IH
H np. (6a6a Mopq>a, c . .LlepeKbOH, 6a6a Kan.ff, c. K1>31>KJIHce, K1>31>JI-
araqKo.) ·
Ha CBaT6a 1{8 BeHeua HeBeCTHHCKH TpH6Ba .na HMa )K'bJITHUa HJIH
cpe6peHa napa. C'hlll.0 H Ha KHTK8T8, KORTO ce 386Q)K~8 Ha KanaTa Ha
MJl8,t(O)KeHHK8, TpS16Ba .n.a HMa )K'bJITHU.8. HJIH cpe6peHa napa .. Taff
)K'QJITHUa HJIH rrapa rra3H HeBeCT8T8 H _MOM'bK8 OT ypoKH, OT JIOWH 01.IHl
JIOIIIa cpeI1..1.a. (Ba6a Mopq>a, c . .liepeKhoA, 6a6a KaJIHHKa, c. Tio.naec.)
AKO C1>HyBa 'IOBeK )K'bJITHU.8 -.no6pH npHK83KH u(e qye; C'blUO aKO
C1>HyBa H cpe6peHH rrapH .
AKO C1>Hyaa CHTHH cpe6peHH rrapH _. .no6pH BeCTH. (Ba6a Mopcpa,
c. l{epeKboA.)
HAPOJ J..HA BilPA 227
B) 0 JI O BO (KypruyM )

HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe e o6JIHKJIO OJIOBOTO B rOJIHMa

.MarJ-llleci-.a C1'1.Jia: TO MO>Ke ,!J.a HanpaBH MarHH H JJ.8 pa3B8JIH MarHH.
0JIOBOTO ce "Jieeu B oco6eH C'b,21. I{ npH•TYH CBOe TetIHO C'bCTOHHHe HM8
.M:an-11.1ecKa c11na. Ho Koraro ce TOnH H nee, 6aH11KaTa 6ae Ha.n. Hero H
HapH11a, T. -e . .3aKJieBa ro. ·
KypwyM ce nee Ha ~rnMa ,!J.a SI o6HKHe H 3eMe OHH MOM'bK, KOrOTO
TH 38JIH6HJ ia H HCK8.
Kypllly.M ce nee Ha oyJIKa, aKo M'b)K'bT HSI HaMpa3Hn ; KypmyM ce
Jiee OT orpaMa, OT Jl-Ollla cpem.a, OT HanpaTe Ho, npe.ra3eHH nonHBKH, OT
M8rHu H .n.pyrH 6oJieCTH KaTo: CTpax, KJIHHOBe, HrpaHe Ha CopueTO
(c'.bpue6HeHe) H np. 11 BSipBaHeTO HapOJJ.HO TB'bp)J.H, qe · KypmyM' bT
.rscHq1<0 m.e paaBaJIH, BcHqKo w.e npono.n.H H 6oJIHHHT w.e oa.n.pasee.
KyplllyM ce nee ow.e H .n.a ce no3Hae: KaKsa e 6bJiecTTa, OT w.o
H ·OT Koro e .n.ornna.
Jiee ce ow.e H 38 ra,!J.aTenCTBO: .n.a ce TI03Hae KaKBO MHCJIH MO-
M'bKbT 3a MOMaTa. (6a6a Mopcpa, c. LlepeKbOH, 6a6a Llecna, c. Llepe·
MaXJie, 6a:6a noHJl Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa H 6a6a U.atta, c. lllHnKa, 6a6a MHtia
11JIHHlleBa, c . Koaap BeneHe.)

r➔ )K H Ba K

)KHB8K'b T HMa <!'blll.0 TaKaBa MarHtiec Ka CHJia.

C Her.0 ca TI]l>alBSIT H pa3B8JISIT MarHH, 06a11e TpH6Ba caM TOH .n.a
60)1.e OMarbOC8H -qpa3 MarHH. KoraTO )Kl{88K'bT 60,!J.e OMarbOCaH, cnope.zt
HapOJJ.HOTO BSipBaHe TOH nonyqaa a )KHBOT H pa3yM, T. e. XO)J.H H 3Hae
mo npaBH. 3Hae K'b)J.e H 'B KO.SI K'blll.8 .n.a OTH)J.e H Kora .n.a BJie3He B CTOM-
HaTa HJIH B1>B BeJJ.pOTO; 3Hae 38 Koe nHue e H3npaTeH H Il03H8Ba TO-
Ba JIHUe, Ta caMO KoraTO TO rpe6e H3 ae.n.poTO HJIH nHe H3 CTOMHa-
Ta, Toras-a BJIH3a B q·arnaTa HJIH s ycTaTa Ha JIHU.eTo.
AKO rpe6He H3 BeJJ.pOTO .n.pyro JIHU.e HJIH HaBaJIH CTOMHaTa .na
n1-1e .B0)1.8 - )KHB2lK'bT ce .n.pbnBa H CBHBa. Tosa CTaBa caMO HOW.HO
p eMe, KoraTo ce He BH)KJJ.a.
-a_
ETO .381[(0 CTap1ne. npenop'b l1B8T HOW.HO BpeMe .na ce He DHe BO-
Jl.'8 113· ae.n.p-o HJIH KOTeJI, a H3 CTOMHa, H CTOMHaT a, KOI'8TO ce HaJiee
•ow.e ao.n.a a HeH, .n.a ce saTHcKa c oco6eHo HanpaBe H aaTHCKOJI, .na He
MO.>Ke )la BJI'H3·a .>KHB·aK. (Ba6a KbHa TierKoaa , c. AJITHMHp.)
JlHUeTO, KOeTO ·e H3TIHJIO .>KI-iBaKa, noqaa .n.a ycew.a 6oJIKH B
cToM.axa , )la JIHHee, .n.a coxHe, .na · cJia6ee H HaH-HaKpasi yMHpa.
3a .u;a ce no3Hae OT mo e 6oJIHa MOMaTa HJIH 6yJIKaTa , OTHBa ce
TIPH Bpat1Ka H TH r.lle)Ul HJIH Jiee Kypwy~ .
AKO oe BH)J.'H, -qe 6oJieCTTa e OT .>KHBaK, npaBH MarHH qpea .npy.r
JKHBaK H ro .naa·a H'a CclllJ.aTa OOJIHa .u;a ro H3nHe·.
,,TcmHM rpnx .e .na ce Jiee KypinyM H .n.a ce HanpaTH >KHBaK" - Ka-
.3.a 6a6a Cr@e.JRHU;a, ·.c. EaJIB8HU H, KOHTO e npo11yTa 6acHapK'a .
228 JJHMlfT1,P MAPHHQB

Tasi 6a6a CToeHHUa 3Hae .na JieKyBa BCH'IKH 6oJiecTH. Or HeH

Cb6pax e,nHa rpaMa,nHa tiaCT OT MOHTe MaTepHaJIH 3a Hapo,nHaTa Me,nH-
UHHa, KOHTO me H3Jie3HaT B oco6eH Tpy,n. TH npe,nBap1ne.nHO 3HMa OT
60.11HIUI 6eJier: qopanH, pH3a HJIH ,npyro Hemo H rne,na Ha KHlffH(KapTH).
AKO BH.llH, qe 6oJieCTTa HMa·JieK, TSI ,n.::.tBa usip H ,neikTBHTeJIHO 6<;>nf{a-
Ta 03,npaBee; aKo JIH TI03Hae, qe 6oJieTTa HSIMa UHP - TH npama OOJI-
HaTa npH ,npyra 6acHapKa. JlHtIHO Cb6pax OT HeH CBe,neHHH, 26 IOJIH
1891 r. HpH MOHTa IlbpBa o6HKOJIKa H3 TbpHOBCKO.
(3a :>KHBaKa cps. C6HY, IX, 126.)

9. fl pucmpot1Ku h.pu K71UJ.ama

B o6JiacTTa Ha aemecTBeHaTa KYJITypa npHnana1 If
npHCTpO~KHTe npH K'bll.IJiTa : OT THSI npHcTpOHKH B Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe
BJIH3aT H CJie,llHHTe crpa,nH:

a) B o ,n e H H u. a
HanpaBaTa H ycTpOHCTBOTO Ha, BO,ll~HHU.aTa ce
BH:>K,lla B ,,rpa,nHEO 3a aern.ecTBeHa KYJITypa", C6HY, XVIII, -CTp.
175- 182 C BCHlIKH pHCYHKH, a TYK me rOBOj:>HM 38 CHJiaTa, KOHTO TH'
npHTe}KaBa B o6JiacTTa Ha Hapo,nHoTo BHpBaHe H noaepHe.
0

Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe TB'bp,nH, qe KoraTO ce H36Hpa MHCTO· 3a ao,ne-

HHUa H ce TYPH OCHOBaTa H, ,nony B TeMeJIHTe, KOHTO ca 3H.l(, TaH OCHOBa
He me MO:>Ke ,na 61>,ne KpenKa H TpaiiHa, aKO HHMa B HeSI 3a3H,naH qoBeK-
}KeHa HJIH M'b:>K, HO npe,nHMHO ce 3a3H,nBa }KeHa. TaH }KeHa H'.JIH TOH Mb>K
TpH6B8; ,na 61>,naT MJia,nH. lJoaeK'bT ce 383H,llBa, KaTO MY npeMepHT CSIHKa-
Ta cKpHTO H TaH MHp_Ka TYPHT 3H,napHTe B 3H,na. ToH qoBeK yMHp~, HO
CSIHKaTa MY, ,nyrnaTa ·My OCTaH. B TeMeJIHTe Ha Bo,neHHUaTa H KpenH B0-
,neHHUaTa ,na He SI OTHece BO,llaTa.
CHHKaTa ce HBJIHBa BCHKa Hom B IIOJiyHom, nJiatie, nee, BHKa, a
aKO B TYH BpeMe MHHe tIOBeK IIOKpatt BO,neHHUaTa, TH ce npenpaB·SI Ha
Kyt1e, Ha 3aeK, aa B'bJIK, l\IellKa H ,npyro }KHBOTHO,Ta Hana,na qoaeKa. To--
ea e TaJiaC'bM. (6a6a B1>.11KaHa TieHOBHUa, c. JlHTaKOBO, 6a6a MHlla
l1JIHH11eBa, c . Ko3ap 6eJieHe, 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa, c. BaJisaH.)
BbB BO,neHHUaTa o6HTaBaT ,llHBOJIH, caMOBHJIH, caMO,llHBH H ,npyrH
.'IOllIH ,nuxaHHSI. B TJOTaHHa ,no6a ,llSIBOJIHTe ce Cb6HpaT-no,n Bo,neHHUaTa ff
T3MO ce C'bBern.aBaT, a caMO,llHBHTe ce K'bTISIT no,n BHTJIOTO. OTTaMO H
Bo,na-ra no,n BHTJIOTO e JieKOBHTa H Ta.SI Bo,na 3HMaT BCH'IKR 38 UHP HJIH ce
K'bTI SIT no,n BHTJIOTO.
Ha Kepena ce pa3BaJIHT Manrn, a BO,naTa, KOHTP OTXB'bpJIH BHTJIO-
TO, HMa fOJIHMa MafHllecKa CHJia H C TaH ao,na ce JieKyBaT BCHlIKH 60-
JieCTH. (6a6a CToeHnua, c . BaJIBaHUH, TbpHoBcKo.) ·
Ho MHOro CHJIHa H JieKOBHTa e Bo,naTa OT BHTJIOTO Ha B O ,n e H H-
u a - JI e B a K, T.e .. TaKaBa, ,neTO BHTJIOTO ce o6pow.a H OTXBbpJIH Bo,na-
Ta HaJISIBO. (Corn.aTa 6a6a CToem-r ua .)
 flAPOJIHA Bf[PA 229
TI y C T a B 0 )le H H U a. HMa no pa3HH npH'IHHH HanycHaTH
B0)leHHUH; Te ce K83BaT nycTH B0)leHHUH. B npHKa3Klffe ce cn0MHHHT
78KHBa nycTH B0)leHHttH.
B TaKaBa nycTa BO)leHHUa 061naaaT )lHBOJIH, caMO)lHBH, B'bpKo-
Jiau,l-1, BaMnHpH, TaJiaC'bMH H BCHKaKBH JI0WH .nyxoae, cpem.H H BeTpoae.
B TaKaBa nycTa BO)leHHUa XOJI.HT Marb0CHHUHTe H 6pO)lHHUHTe, Ta
npHr0TBHT CB0HTe MarHH; TaM Te npeKapBaT C )lHH, na H C He)l.eJIH. TTpa-
BHT MarHH caMo HOW.HO BpeMe, KoraTO )lHB0JIHTe ca C'b6paHH, Ta rH
yqaT H HM noMaraT.
B T0Ba BpeMe, noTaHHa .l(o6a, BHpBaHeTO HapO)J.H0 Y'IH, qe e MHOfO
JIOlli0 3a tJOBeKa )la MHHaBa noKpaii nycTa BO)leHHUa; TaK'bB 6HBa Ha-
na,nilaT OT TH.Si JIOWH .nyxoae H ycTpeJIHH. TaK'bB ce pa360JIHBa H YMHpa,
'aKO ce He npH6op3a 11pe3 MarHH HJlli C IlOJIHBKH .na 6'b)J.e JieKyBaH. (Ba6a
CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a MH11a 11JIHHttesa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe,
6a6a Mopq>a, c. ,llepeKbOH.)
Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe o6JIH'la B MarHlleCKa CHJia Tome H H3a Ha
BO)leHHUaTa. B aero ce K'bilHT caMO)lHBHTe H aKO HHKOH 0TH)J.e HJilt MH-
He 0ITaM0 B noTaHHa .no6a 6HJIO 38 pH6a H JJ.pyro, TOH 6HBa ·ycTpe-
JIBaH. (Ba6a BH.zta, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a CToeHHU.a, c. Ba.11aaHUH, 6a6a
Kepa, c. BaJIBaH.)

6) MOC T
MocT )la 6o)le TpaeH,K8KTO H npH TeMeJIH Ha BO)J.eHH-
uaTa, HapO)lHOTO BHpBaHe npenop'btIBa, TpH6Ba B [Hero .ll8] HMa 3a3H)laH
GOBeK - M'b)K HJIH )KeHa. Tyif sa3H.llBaHe cTasa qpes npeMepsaHe Ha
C51HKaTa H TaH MHpKa ce TYPH B 3H)la. (3a3H)lBaHeTO me ce om-i:me no-
.lI.OJJy°.) TaH CHHKa H3JIH3a OTil0CJie B'bB BH)J. Ha pa3HH )KHBOTHH, a H3JIH-
3a H KaT0 caMaTa )KeHa HOI.UHO BpeMe Ha M0CTa H TaMO nee HJIH nJia11e.
KoifTo MHHe MOCTa B TaHHa .zto6a, 3a3HJJ.aHaTa CHHKa ro Hana,n a 11
ycTpe.naa.
Tio)l OKH0TO [cBO)la] Ha MOCTa 061uaaaT ){HBOJIII H caM0)lHBH. Ca-
M0)lHBHTe HOI.UHO apeMe ce K'bTTHT no){ . OKHOTO.
MarhOCHHUHTe TIO){ MOCTa npaB.HT CJ30HTe Ma!"HH, a no.n MOCTa ce
ll pa3B8JJHT MarHH.
Bo){aTa no){ OKHOTO HMa rOJIHMa MarHlleCKa H uene6tta CHJTa. C
BOJI.at aeMeHa H3n0JI. 0KHOTO HOW.HO apeMe y nopBH neTJIH, ce JieKyBaT
MH0ro 6oJieCTH: orpaMa,HanpaTeH0, Hanpase1rn H .llP , ' KOHT0 ca CTaHaJIH
OT MarHH, OT JJOllla cpema, OT JJOllJH 011H . (Ba6a CToeHHU.a, c. Ban-
BaHUH.)
. AKO CoHyBalll, qe MHH888ll1 rrpe3 M0CT - xy6aso e; me MI·rnew
6onecTTa, aKO CH 6oJieH; me ce H368BHW OT C'bJI., aKo HMaw Cb,11.6a,
llJIH me npeMHHelll JI.pyra HHKOSI HanacT.
Ho aK0 CoHyaaw, 'I~ MHHaaaµi MOCTa HomHo BpeMe, B Th'.\fHH-
ua - JI0llI0 e; me HM8Ill H8TI8CT. AKo CoHyaaw, qe MHHaBalll MOCTa H
TOH ce cpyTaa - JIOillO e; 3Ha111-1 roJIHMa HanacT H CMopT. (Ba6a BoJIKa-
Ha IleHOBHUa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJI.H3KOBa, c. BaJiaan.),
230 1'HMH T7,P' MAPHHOB

,U. lJOBEKoT B HAPO.UHOTO Bm>BAHE

1. 06w,u 6eAe:HCKU aa "oeeKa

Hapo,llHaTa BHpa pa3Ka3Ba, 11e .naewHffHT qoaeK
He e 6ffJI C'b3,lla,lleH ff3HatJaJio, a MHoro nocJie. Ilpe,zur Hero e HMano
)l.Ba Bff,ZJ.a qoaeuff; TffH ca:

a) ,U :>K ff ,ll O B H H a-'I O B e :K

,UH,ZJ.o· rocno,ZJ. HaH-Hanpe.ZJ. HanpaBffJI 11oseKa MHOr<>

roJIHM ff MHoro BffcoK, Hape11eH OT BHpaTa Hapo.ZJ.Ha .ZJ.3/CUiJOBUH.a-'«JBeK,
ucnO/lUH, AamuHetf. TOH 'IQBeK 6HJI TOJIKOBa BffCOK, lltOTO ,ZJ.OCHraJJ
C p'bKaTa CH He6oTo. Ho TO.ff llOBeK H3Jie3HaJI HenpHrO)l.eH 38 :>Kl:fBOTa.
Karo MHoro aucoK, TOH He MO:>Kan ,Aa ce npesHBa H HaBO>KJJ.a,aa ,ZJ.a noeMa
Hemo OT 3eMHTa, 381.U.OTO Kp'bCT'bT MY ce npeK'bpWBaJI . OcaeH TOBa
)l.:>KH,ZJ.OBHH8-'IOBeK HMaJI ome H ,llpyra HenpHrO,llHOCT: KaTO XO,lleJI,
TOH He MO:>KaJI ,ZJ.3 BH:>K,ZJ.a npe,ll ce6e CH H MHOfO 'lecTO ce C'bilffHaJI. Ta
na,ZJ.aJI; H'. Be,ZJ.H'b:>K Il8,llH8JI, TOA M'bllHO ce ff3npaBHn Ha :KpaKaTa CR.
Toraaa JJ.HJJ.O rocno,ZJ. HanpaBHn )l.pyr BHJJ. ~oaeK:

6) n e·Jl. H-q _o s eK

TieJJ.H-'IOBeK, HapeqeH OT Hapo,AHaTa BHpa. ToH qo-

eeK 6HJI MHOfO M3JI'bK, TOJIKOBa M3Jl'bK, lll,OTO e,ZJ.BaM ce BH)K,llaJI. Ho ff
TOA H3Jie3H3JI HeapHrO,lleH 38 :>f<HBOTa. ToH 'IOBeK ce ry6eJI HS HHBHTe.
JIHBa,ZJ.HTe_ ff f'bCTaJial..lHTe _H CTaBaJI MHOfO 3.ffH OT 3Bepoae H ra,AOBe.
OcBeH TOBa TOH He MO:>KeJI ,ll.3 B'bpTH HHK8KBa IlOJICKa pa6oTa.
Toraaa Jl.HJJ.O rocno,ll C'b3,ZJ.an: .

• I

a) C p e JJ. e H 11 o B e K

Cpe,lleH qoseK, ,llHeWHHHT, KOHTO CTOH Me)K.lly Il'bp-

BHfl H BTOpHfl, T.e. HHTO MHOfO BHCOK_. HHTO MHOfO HHC'bK. Ho npu see
TOBa OCTaHaJIH ca KaTO IlOTOMl..lH OT Il'bpBHTe ,ll.Ba RH,zta 'IOBellH, KOHTO
ce ._ cpemaT u JJ.HecKa. Toea ca:

r) B 'b p JI H H a q o B e K

BcpJIHHa llOBeK, KOHTO . e IlO-BHCOK OT cpe,llHH.ff.

3a Hero HapO,llHaTa Bsipa pa3K83Ba, qe TOH BCeKu ,ZJ.eH CTaBaJI B yMa CPI:
uap, KHfl3, aoueo,ll.a, 6oJiepHH u np., T. e. see roJieMeu, n'hpseaeu.
6oraTaIII, -MaKap qe no yMa CH u cno~o6HOCTHTe CH e,llBa Jiff e ff KOJI-
KOTO o6HKHOBeHHfl cpe,ZJ.e~ llOBeK. nopa.ZJ.H TOBa Hapo)UiaTa RHpa He
rJie,lla c .u.o6po Ha MHOfO BHCOKHH . B'bpJiffH3-qoJ3eK.
HAPOtiHA BflPA
231
.n) LI. >KY .n >Ke, 11 o Be q e H u e, ,n >K H B e JI e K
lI.>Ky,n>Ke, 1I0Be11eH11.e, ,ll.>KHBeJieK-'I0BeK, KOHTO e
no-·HHC'bK OT 06HKHOBeHHH 1I0BeK; TYK o6aqe Hapo,nHaTa• B.ffpa npaBH
pa3JIHKa: HMa yMepeHo TIO-HHC'bK H H3B'bH M.ffpKa no- HHC'bK. TyK e
,nyMa 38 IlOCJie,II.HHH BH,ll. 1IOBeUH, KOHTO ca H3B'hHMepHO no-HHCKH OT
o6HKHOBeHHTe JIIO,II.e.
8 ca H TI'bJIHH C J1H-
TaK'bB 'IOBeK ,ll.>Ky,ll.>Ke >KHBeHT ,ll.HBOJIH,3aTOBa
B0JIHH. (Ea6a BH,na, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a TieHa PHcToBa, c. CTy6en,6a6a
KanH, c. K'ha'hKJIHce, 6a6a MapHH CTo.HHOBa, c. TiaruaKbOH. CpB.
C6HY, XII, 131, Benec.)
TaK'bB ,II.>Ky,n>Ke-'IOBeK C 3K'bJia CH ,II.Hee ,ll.Ba,neceT H 1.JeTHpH TI'bTH
cTaBan: uap, KH.H3, BOHBU,na, ro.TJeMeu, 6oraTalll, H ,nBa,neceT H 11eTHpH·
TI'bTH CJIH3aJI ,no CB0eTo ,neHCTBHTeJIHO TI0JI0)KeHHe. Ha TaK'bB 110BeK
Hapo,nHaTa BHpa He rne,na HHKaK ,n.o6pe H HeMy e aa6paHeHo .l{a 3HMa
yqacTHe B H3BeCTHU peJIHfH03HH o6H'laH. TaKa: TaK'bB He 6HB3 .l{a (TaBa
TI0JI.Sl3HHK Ha HrHa)K,ZJ.eH; He 6HBa .u.a CTaBa Kone,napeu Ha D'b.l{HH Be11ep ;
He 6HBa .u.a cTaBa cypaaKap Ha CypBaKH; He e .u.o6pe ,na 6'h.l{e uap Ha
JI03HTa Ha TpHq>yHOB,neH;He e ,no6pe ,IJ.a CTaBa no6paTHM npH neKyBaHe.
CpemaTa MY ce CllHTa sa JIOllla, 3aTOBa,aKo HHKOA,KaTO H3JIH3a H3 .l{BOpa
,n.a oTHBa Ha pa6oTa, np'hB cpemHe TaK'hB, Hapo,IJ.Hata BHpa npenop'h-
11aa ,na ce B'bpHe OT Il1>T.SI H nocJie HHKOe BpeMe naK ,na Tp'brHe; aamoTo
aKO npo,n'bJI)KH Il'bTH CH, pa6oTaTa MY HSIMaJia ,IJ.a HMa HHKaK'bB cnop,
HHK8K'bB ycnex. TaK'bB ll0BeK He ce npHeMa 33 KyKep, sa pHHa'I (2
.HHyapH), 3a ,IJ.eaep npH csaT(fa, na He e ,IJ.o6po H non JJ.a cTaBa.
(Ea6a CTaHKa AHrenosa, c. TeToBo, Ean6yHapcKo.)
HMa JJ.pyr BH,n qoBeK, Hape11eH:

e) 3 a 6 e JI e )Ke H qo BeK
ToH llOBeK e o6HKHOBeH, HO HMa HHK3K'bB Kycyp,
H.RKaK'bB He,nocTaT'bK: CJIHil, rnyx, HHM, xpoM, r'hp6aB, caKaT c p'bKa,
'Hill (c HOC), rono6pa,n (6es MYCTaKH, KbOCaB). 3a TaKHBa aa6eJ1e)KeHH.
HJIH 6ene.>KeHH qoeeuu Hapo,nHaTa B.Hpa pasKa3Ba cne,n.HaTa yKa:
E.l{HO BpeMe, KoraTO rocno.n. HanpaBHJI 'IOBeKa, noKa3aJI MY BCH'I-
KHTe )KHBOTHH u pasnpaBHJI MY KOH )KHB0THH ca ,n.o6pH, a KOH JIOlllH, Ta
.n:o(>pHTe ,na aeMe npH ce6e aa .n:pyrapH, a OT JIOlllHTe .n:a ce onaaH;
Hay11un ome, Koe e .n:o6po, Ta Hero .n:a npaBH, a Koe e JIOlllo, Ta .n:a rne-
,na Aa ro He npaBH.
KaTO CB'bplllHJI BCHllKO, H3npaTHJI ro .n:a CH H,IJ.e. t.JoBeK'bT Tp'hrHaJI
H H3Il'bTH Ky'leTO ce npH6JIH)KHJIO npH Hero H Tp'brHaJio C Hero: CTaHa-
JIO Jipyrap Ha ttoaeKa. OTToraea TO He0TJI'httHo e c ttoBeKa. Ha n'hTH qo-
BeK'bT pa3K333JI Ha KYtJeT0 BC1f'IKO, mo ro 6e HayllHJI rono.n: H KaKB0 MY
6eme nop'b'laJI.
- .Uo6pe e BCH'IKO - peKJIO Kyt1eTo, - TH He TpH6Ba )la npaBHlll
HHKOMY 3JI0, HO KaK me M0)Kelll TH ,II.a na3Hlll ce6e CH OT 3JI0, OT 3JIR
xopa?
 232 JiHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

tJoeeK'bT no3HaJI, 11e aaHcTHHa ow.e MHoro Hew.a ue 3Hae, aaroaa

ce B'bpHaJI npR 6ora H MY Ka3aJI:
- .ll.H.no 6oxe, TH Me BCH'IIKO Haytrn, TH MH BCH11KO IlOK333 H 33
33IIOMHHX RCH11KO. 3JIO HflMa ,aa npaBH HHKOMY' HO KaK w.e ce Il83H OT
3JIO, OT JIOWH ,xo_pa"?
fOCilO.ll. · Ce Il038CMHJI ,H peKbJI:
- 11,nH CH, CHHKO, H,llH H 3anoMHH , qe 3JIOTO w.e ce KpHe B JIOI,IIHTe
xopa, a JIOWHre xopa .11ecuo-w.e rH no3Haew, 3,aw.oro BCH11KHTe C'hM 3a-
6eJie)KHJI, PIM.aT Ha ce6e CH HHI.I.IaH.
,,Ero 3aLUO or 6eJieJKeH11re ~opa - Ka3axa 6a6a EJIKa, c. qy~pe-
ne, 6a6a TieHa PHcroa:a, c. Cry6e~1J, 6a6a UoHa, .c. MapaI.I.IKH Tp1>cre-
HHK - BCeKH 6Hra. C 6eJie>KeH qoaeK Ha Il'hT He rpbrBaH, .npyrap He
craaaii, opraK He 61rnaii."
Bene:>KeH 11oaeK cno_ pe.n. BHpara Hapo,nHa. Jiowo e .zxa cTaHe
KpbcTHHK, .neaep, cnpe·:>KHHK; He e .rto6pe ,na Te noJIH3H Ha HrHalK,lleH;
Hee .no6pe .n.a 6b,ne KOJie.n.apeu, cypaaKap, pHHall, uap Ha JI03Hra;
aKo e :>KeHa _- Hee .n.o6pq .n.a 6b,ne Jia3apKa, KYMHUa, caaxa H reM no~
.n.o6HH. TaK~B llOBeK .He 6HBa )la CTaaa ~ KyKep, Ka_ JiyI.I.IapHH, roBeJiap
cencKH. Ta-KbB 11oaeK He e .n.o6po .n.a 60.n.e non; aKo JIH e :>KeHa, ue 6Haa
.na craaa 6a6a (.n.a 6a6ysa). C e.n.Ha .n.yMa, u.apo.l{Hara B.Hpa H3KJI1011ea
6ene:>KeHH.H qoee.K H3 BCJfqKH peJIHrH03HK o6Hll8H H 3a6paHHBa .na 3HMa
KaKBo ro.n.e y~acrHe. ( Ba6a MoMa, c. To,lllOBUH, 6a6a MapHH Cro.H•
HOBa, C. TiaruaKbOH.) ( .

2. M 'bJtC u :J1Cena c1,c ceMeucmeo

a) Mb :>K

1
Hapo.n.Hara BHpa nocrae.H Mb:>Ka no-rope or :>KeHara
BbB BCRqKo . Mb:>KbT e TIO-CTap OT >KeHaTa H TOBa Heroao craprnHHCTBO
MY orpeJI.HJIO M.HCTO KaKTO B peJIHrH03HHTe o6HllaH, TaKa H B .n.oMalllHHTe
M noJICKH 38H.HTHH.Mb:>KbT e rJiaaa· Ha Kbl.I(aTa, Ha ceMeHCTBOTO. Mb:>KbT
e TeMeJI Ha Kbl.I(aTa .....:. ·K33Ba 6.a6a TieHa PHCTOBa, C. Cry6eJI; Kbl.I(a 6e3
Mb>K e nycra Koma. )KeHa'i'.a c M'h:>K e 3a noxeana; BJI.OBHUa - I.I.Iero-
OHHHHUa, r . e. c e.noaHuara eceKH en 6He mera. Mb>KbT a penHrHo-
3HHTe 06H11aH H:JBbpI.I.IBa o6pe,nHre. CaMO Mb)K MO>Ke .na 6bJI.e no11~-
3HHK, KOJI-e,llapeu, cypoaaKap, pHHaq, uap Ha JI03Hra, KyKep, pycaneu;
caMO Mb)K MO:>Ke .n.a KOJIH KOKOllJKa; caMO Mb>K KOJIH reprbOBCKO'fO
.arH-e - :>KepTea; caMO M'b)K MO>Ke .na KOJIH neTeJia Ha CB . 11JIHH; caMO
TOH -MO.>Ke ,n;a noJ.J.pSi~Ba. KornapHre Ha TipoKonHii; caMo TOH MO:>Ke .na
KOJI H nerena npPI cro>Kepa, ,n;a 3aopaea ceno, ,n;a IJPOH3Be>K.na >KHB
OfbH Pl np . . H np. pa60TH H3 o6JiaCTTa !la peJIHrHQ3HHTe 06u11aH H
nosepaero.
B o6JiaCTTa Ha nOJICKHTe H )J.OM3lllHH pa6orH Cl:IU) TaKa HMa pa-
OO_TH, KOHTO Morar .na ce H3B'hpruaar caMo OT M'h>Ka. TaKa: )J.a ope, }la
ce e, ,n;a . Kocu, .na OTH;Z{e 3a .llopaa, .n.a -)J.Rra oKon, )J.a -nJiere nne-r, )la
up 3BH K'bI.IJ.3, KOIH, KOWapa HJIH KOJia H np. - TOBa e pa6oTa Ha M'b>K.
ff A POP .HA Bf/P A 233
KomaTa~
)KeHa He 6Hea ,lla pa6oTH TH.ff pa6onr, 3all(oTo e JI-OllIO 3a
,,.[{eKa M'b)K CT'bnH - TaMo )KeHa ,He M0>Ke )la CT'bilH" .e Hap0,llHaTa
MO>Ke."
ttayxa; ,,IUo Mo>Ke ,lla xeaHe H ce~pllIH M'h>K'hT - >KeHaTa He
BHpa 3an0B.ff,llBa
Ero 3arn.o M'b>K'bT CT0H npe,ll >KeHaTa H HapO,llHaTa
)KeHara ,lla 11aKa nnr, r. e. )la He npecH11a n'hT.ff Ha M'b>Ka.
BoHKallIHHHT 6eJier Ha M'h>Ka ocaeH o6JieKJIOTo ome ca Mycrau.1ue
He
H rJiaC'bT My. Mo>K 6e3 MycrauH He e M'b)K. TaK'bB Kb0CaB qoaeK
Ba pa6o·
.MO>Ke ,lla B'bpllIH B peJIHfH03HHTe 0'6H11aH H noaepHeT0 HHKaK
TTeHa
Ta. (Ba6a EJIKa, c. lJynpeHe, 6a6a Pyca, c. K1mHJIOBo, 6a6a
PHCTOBa, c. Cry6eJI H ,llp.)

6) )I( e H a
)KeHa Ta e n0-MJ I8,ll8 OT M'b)K3, 33T0B a HapO,llHaTa
BS.pa .ff• TIO)].llHHHBa HeMy.
no
)KeHaTa ce n03HaBa B'bHKalllHO OCBeH no o6JieKJIOTO ome H
.
rop,llHTe (cHcHre), no JIHUero H no KocHre, a ome H no rJiaca
)Keuara e no-cJia6a or M'h)Ka, HO e no-XHTpa or Hero~ Ho naK
ce
aJia Il0C-JI0BHUaTa
MH0ro JI'b>Ke H MaMH . OrraM O Hap0,ll.HaTa BHpa e C'b3)1.
~,)l(eHara e )l'bJif0K0Ca, HO KpaTKOYMHa;"
Hapo.u.Hara BHpa H noaepHero ca onpe,lleJIHJIH crpor o KaKBO MO·
6HJIO B
JKe )la B'bplllH >KeHara 6HJIO B peJIHfH03HHTe o6HllaH H o6pe.u.H,
A0Mal lIHHTe H IT0JICKH 33HHTH.ff.
He
)Kettara Ka.AH rpane3aTa Ha CM1>p1, aKo H51Ma non; TYK M'h>K'bT
lHH XJI.ff6o-
6uea .na KaJJ..H; caMo )Kettara M0)Ke )la 6ae; M0>Ke )la MecH o6pe,l
HlleTO ,
Be; JI.a crasa JI33ap Ka, EHha ; .na Bopll IH o6peJ.(HTe 0K0JI 0 MpaTH
nJ1aq;
oKoJio orHHll(ero; TH caMo MO)Ke )la JieKyaa Jiaxycn,)la 0TBpoma
H H ce npOB Hpar
CaMo MOMHTe neHT npbCT eHH, neHT eHhOBCKH1e ne~H-
caMo )KeHa M0)Ke n.a
npe3 eHb0B CKIUI BeHeu ; caMO >KeHa ra3Jf llHpen HH;,
H o6peJI.H
· 60.ne 6a6a ( aKylllep Ka) - M'h)K'hT B ropenocq_t.IeHHTe 06H11aH
tte (>Hsa .na 6bJJ.e y11acTHHK, 3arn.010 e JJ0llI0 .
,
B JJ.OM3llIHHTe K'bll(HH pa60TH caM0 )KeHa MeCH XJIH6, Me1e K'hll(a
H M'b)K
nepe ,llpexH, npe.rr.e, T'bt.Je nJiaTHO, Kp0H H llIHe pH3H. TH.ff pa60T
4ynp e-
He forna )la BbpllIH, 3amoro e JI0llIO 3a B K'bll(H. (Ba6a EnKa, c.
c. JlH-
He, 6a6a HHKOJIHHa, c. MapalllKH TpocreHHK, 6a6a BoJIKaHa,
raKoso.)
OrraMo H n1>pBHTe 06mecreem1 cpypHH 3a xnH6 HHKora ca 6HJIH
. H )lHe-
e pQuere Ha >KeHHre, r . e. cpypHaJJ.>KHH, xne6apH ca 6mrn )KeHH
)la H0CHT 33 ne11eHe
cKa B HHK0H ceJI,a , )J.ero not.JHaJIH )la HaBHKBaT
XJIH6 s o6mecreeHH cpypHH, x.11e6apH ca >KeHH.
,
MoMara rpH6sa .na ce o>Kemr; roaa 3anoBH)laa HapOJJ.Hara BHpa
K~ru.ara,
ttapo,llH0To nosepHe. He>KeHeHa M0Ma e roJIHMO 3JI0 He_caMo 3a
JlHTaK QBO.)
HOH 33 ceJI0T0. (Ba6a EJIKa, c. 4:ynpeHe, 6a6a BnJIKaHa., c.
06H11~rn.
Ta1<asa He.>KeHeHa M0Ma e Jf3K.IJIOlleHa H3 BCH11KH o6pe,llH H
MoMa H .M0M'bK ce )KeHHT ,11.a B'b,llHT )leua. )KeHa, K0HT0 HHMa .n.eua
H Maa:
e 6e:JiJemKa. Be3JJ.E:TKa )KeHa e 3JI0 e K'hW.a Ta; Ha ttest Te>Kar re:mK
 234 /lHMHT'bP MAPHHOiJ

'IHHH HJIH 6atnHHH KJleTBH. Hapo.neaTa BHpa TYK He .nonyw.a BHHOBHOCT

Y ,M'b)Ka, a caMo y )KeHaTa; eTO 3amo H BCH'IKaTa 3JI06a ·ce H3CHOBa
B'bpxy 6e3}leTHaTa )KeHa. TaKaBa )KeHa He MO)Ke .na 3HM8 y.11aCTHe B
HHKaK'bB peJIHrH03eH o6pe.n HJIH o6H_tJaii: HHTO npH npa3HHUH, HHT0
npH p8)K}l8He, HHTO npH CBaT6a HJIH CM'bpT. ETo 381UO 6ea,neTHaTa }KeHa
T'b>KH H rne.na .na po.nH qpea MarHH H qpea 6HJIKH. (6a6a BnJIKaHa, c.
JlHTaKoBo, .6a6a HnKOJIHHa, c. MapawKH TpocTeHHK.)
)l(eHa B}lOBJ:{Ua, aKo e MJia}la, TpSl6Ba .na ce O)KeHH, 38UJ.OTO BHpaTa
eapo.nHa H ITOBepHeTO H TaKaBa )KeHa JIHWaBa OT BCSIKO yqacTHe B'bB
BCHKaK'bB o6pe.n H peJIHrHoaee 06H1.1aii. TipaBH.H3K.'JJ01.JeHHe, aKO BA0BH-
uaTa HMa MHoro .neua H aKo THSI ,Aeua ca ocTaeaJIH Ha eeiiHHTe poue;
HJIH aKo B}lOBHUaTa e OCTaHaJia C .neua H TSI 3aCT'bOBa M'b)K8 CH, T. e.
CTaBa rJiaBa Ha K'blUaTa, }lO}leTo nopacTe HHK0e OT M8JI0JieTHHTe H
.zteua-MOMlleTa. B TaK'bB cnyqaii B}lOBHI,I.aTa e MaiiKa H 6a6a H TH B'bpWH
BCH'IKH peJIHrH03HH o6pe.nH H o6Hll8H, 38 KOHTO e OTpe.neea aaii-cTapa-
Ta ·)KeHa -B e.nea aa.npyra.
·, ,M'b)K'bT e IlOJIOBHH 'llOBeK H )KeHaTa nOJIOBHH: K8TO ce O)KeHH
M'b)K H )KeHa, .l{BaMaTa: n_paBSIT Il'bJIH, USIJI 'IOBeK" - K838 6a6a To.nopa
n. XpHcToaa . ETo samo rocno.n e ocTaBHJI M'b')K H )KeHa .na ce )KeHHT.
HHTO M'b>K MO>Ke .zta 6'b}le CaM H .zta B'bpWH BCH'llKO, HHTO )KeHa . . ll(o
B'hpWH M'h>K->KeH~ He M0)Ke,aMa H w.o B'bpWH )KeHa, M'b)K He M0>Ke •
.naaMaTa saB'h>KAaT .noM, K'htna. ·

a) .ll e Te
.lleTeTo e uenTa ea meHHT6aTa. M'h)K H )KeHa ce
c1>·6 upaT .zta aaB'h.ZlHT ,noM H K'bIUa, T. e . .zta HMaT .zteua. ,,Koma 6es .neua -
oroH .na H ropH" - Kassa 6a6a Uaea, c . MapawKH TpocTeHHK. 3aTo.a a
BCH'llKaTa rpH>Ka Ha M'b>Ka H >KeHaTa H BCH'llKaTa pa.nocT e .na HM8T .neua
H ,na HM ca a.npaBH .zteua'ta. OKoJio .neuaTa HMa uenH o6pe.nH H peJIHrHo-
3HH 06H1IaH HJIH MHOro o6pe,nH H 06Ht1aH ca CB'bp3aHH e}lHHCTBeH0 C
TOBa: .zta ce pa>KAaT B K'blllaTa MHoro .neua H ,na 60.naT 3,npaBn .neua.
0r .zteuaTa B'bB ~CH Ka K'hlll8 npe.nno'llHTaT M'h)KKO ,neTe;·38TOBa B'hB
BCH'IKH necHH H B MHOrO o'5pe.ztH H o6H'll8H ce 6J1arono)KeJiaBa H 6Jia-
rocJiaBH aa M'b)KKO .neTe. ·
Or BCH'IKHTe .neua B KclUH TI'bpB0 MSICTO B o6pe.nnTe H o6Hll8HTe
)t'bp)KaT:
ll?JpBeHcte, 6AU8HOU,U u. uamp'TJC?,I(. TiopBeeqe HJIH FI'bpBaHqe,
oco6Ho aKo e MOM'le, Hapo.neaTa BSipa H eapo.neoTo noaepHe nonara
BHC0K0 Ha.I{ BCH'IKH .ztpyrH .neua B ceMeHCTBOTO. TiopBOTo· ,neTe Hrpae
MH0r0 B8>KH8 poJIH B 06pe11.HTe H peJIHrH03HHTe o6H'll8H . TipH
6oeeeu, npH JiasapKH, npH EHba ce .ztHpHT Il'bpBeH1IeTa M0MUH' 'HJIH
M0MH. TipH 3aCeBKH Ha CBaT6a, npH Kpomeee H .np . .ZlHPH ce M0Ml{e
n'hpBeeqe. (Ba6a To.nopa ri. ,_XpHcTosa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a MoMa,
c. To.ztJOBUH, EJieecKo~ 6a6a Pyca,· c: KHnHJIOBO.)
BAU8Ha'ie,' 6AU8HaKUHR , 6.i:1H3H8UH ca ,l{Be ·.zteua, po)l.eHH B ·e.l{HH H
HAPO/lHA Bf{PA 235
C'blll M0MeHT. Oco6eHo 3HalleHHe HM e )laJia Hapo.nHaTa BHpa, aK0 H p_ee-
Te ca M0MtJeTa HJIH H )lBeTe ca M0MHlleTa .. AKO e)lH0T0 e MOMtJe, a .npy-
roro MOMHlle - 3HatJeHHeTo ce MHoro HaMaJIHBa. B o6pe.nHTe H peJIH-
rH03HHTe o6H118H 6JIH3HaUHTe HJIH 6JIH3H3KHHHTe HMaT 3ana3eH0 MH0r0
noqeTH0 MffCT0 . TaKa npH 380pBaHe Ha ceJIOTO, npH npOH3B0>K)J.aHe Ha
HOB HJIH >KHB 0f'bH H npH MHoro .npyrH o6pe.nH H o6HllaH ce JJ.HPHT
caMO 6JIH3H3UH M0M'leTa, 38LU0T0 .npyrH He Morar .na B'bplllaT THSI
o6pe,llH H o6H118H. TipH CBaT6a, npH Jia.I{yBaHe, npn KpomeHe,npH KYMH-
qeHe, npH Jia3apKH H ow.e B MH0ro o6pe)lli H o6HtJaH caM0 6JIH3H8KHHH
MOraT )la H3B'bplliaT HHK0H o6pe)lH H o6HttaH. (Ba6a To.nopa H. XpHCT0-
Ba, C. J1HT8KOBO.) ·
BJia3e Ha Taff MaHKa, K0HT0 HMa 6JIH3H3UH HJIH 6JIH3HaKHHII. Taff
K'blll8 HapOJI.HaTa BHpa H noBepHeTo C'lHTaT 33 qecTHTa,3a K'bCMeTJIHH ;3a
6epeKeTJIHH. (Ba6a HHKOJIHHa, c. MapamKH Tp'hcTeHHK, 6a6a MoMa,=
C. TOJI.IOBUH.)
He caMO 1IOBeUH-6JIH3H8UH,HO H >KHBOTHH-6JIH3H3UH'. TeJieTa, ar'bH-
ua, TypMeTa, K0Hllera, T. e. TaKHBa, K0HTO o6HKHOBeHo ce pa>K)la:r no
eir.Ho - H THX Hap0JJ.H0T0 noaepHe e 0TJIHl{HJI0 H orpe.ZJ.HJIO HM no11eTHO
MSICT0 B HHKOH o6pe.ZJ.H H peJI.H fH03HH HJIH cyeeepHH 06H11aH. TaKa npH
3a0pBaHe Ha ce.noro TOH o6pe.n M0>Ke .na ce H3B'bplllH caM0 ,C 0JIH3H3Ulf
BOJIOBe HJIH JOHUH.
l13Tp'hC'hK e .nere-M0MtJe HJIH Mo~rnqe, Koero e nocJieJI.Hara pom6a
Ha >Ketta. C H3Tp'hC'bKa >KeHata ce ompa~oa, r. e. npecrasa seqe JI.a
pa>K,na. KaKTO Il'bpBeHqero, TaKa H H3Tp'bC'bKa HapO)lHaTa BHpa H no-
sepHero e 0TJIHl{HJI0 Me>KJJ.y .npyrHre JI.eua. 11Ma o6pe.nH H peJIHrH03Hlt
o6HqaH, K0HT0 M0>Ke .na H3B'bpll1B8 caM0 H3TP'bC'bK - M0Mlle HJIH MO~
MHqe. (Ba6a MoMa, c. ToJJ.JOBUH, EJieHcKo H .np.)

r) Kon H JI e

Ko1rnJiero .nere He BJIH3a B ceMeiicrBoro; ro e B'bH

OT qeJIHJJ.Ta K'bJ.llHa. KonHJiero e .nere, po.neHo 6e3 6am.a HJIH H3B'bH
38KOHeH 6paK. KonHJieTO ce pa>K)la HJIH OT MOMa, HJIH OT B,IJ.OBHUa.
To ce Cl{HTa 38 fOJIHMO 3JIO He caMO 33 ·Kom.ara, B KOHTO ce po,II.HJIO, HO
H 33 UHJIOTO CeJIO. ETo 33J.ll0 HHKora, Karo ce po,II.eJIO TaKOBa KOilHJie
B CeJIOTO, CeJIHHHTe ce C'bOHpaJIH H H3rapHJIH >KHBa KonuAaHama C
K0ilHJiero. (Ba6a 8'bJIKaHa, c. J1HT3KOBO, -6a6a EJIKa, c . llynpette,
6a6a MHJIKa, c. To,n10BUH H ,np.) B KOHTO Knill.ace pa>K,IJ.aJio KonHJie -
OT Ta.ff K'bW.8 K'bCMeT'bT 6.HraJI H TH 3anycTHBaJia, a Il'bK B ceJIOTO ,IJ.0XO-
>KJJ,aJia 6onecr, cyma , 6HHJIO rpa.n H .npyra 3JionoJiyKH Ha UHJJ0TO ceJio.
Ero 33W.O MOMaTa HJJH B)lOBHUaTa caMH YM'bpTBHB8JIH Tal{aBa
CBOH po>K6a.
AKO no KaK'bBTO ,npyr H8l{HH KOTIHJiero yueJJHBaJio H JJ.OCTHraJio ,IJ.O
B'b3pacr, Hapo,II.Hara B.Hpa H noBepHeT0 YTB'bp,II.HBaT, qe TO 6HB8JJO K'bC-
MeTJIHH, 38W.OT0 )lHBOJI'bT MY B'bB BCHllKO noMaraJI; ooaqe B o6pe,II.HTe It
B PeJIHfH03HHTe 0°0 Hl{8H TO He MO>Ke ~a 3~ ~a HHKaKBO yqaCTHe.
236 ,aHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

KonHne lie Mo.>Ke no HHKaK'bB HaqHH .na cTaea .neaep, Ko.11e.napen,

TI0Jl.ff3HHK, cypyBaKap, PJ1Ha11, KyKep, pycaneu; Como H K0UlfjJe Mo-
MHiJe He Mo.>1<ano .na 60.ne caaxa, na3apKa, EHiia, KYMHUa (npH K_yMH-.
"letteTo). (Ba6a MoMa, ·c. TomosuH, EneHcKo, 6a6a HHKC>nHHa,
c. MapalllKH TpoeTeHHK.)

"
ll) TI O B T O pe H0

D.eTe, KOeTo se.nttb)K OT6HTO OT CHC8:, nocne no pa3HH

npHllHHII MaHKa MY ro TIOBTOpH .na cy11e, ce
HapH11a Il0BTopeH0. Ta-
KOBa ,neTe-MOMHlle HJIH MOMt.Je, Hapo.nHaTa BSipa H nosepHeT_O npe-
nop1,qaaT MHoro 3Jie. TaKoaa .neTe, KoraTo nopacHe, me HMa .Tl01IJH
oqH: KoroTo norne.n.tte, me ro ypo11aca H ypo11acaHHHT me ce pa36onee;
TaK'bB IlOBTOpeH l.JOBeK HJIH LKeHa HMaT JIOllla cpema: KOfOTO cpemHaT -
TOH HHMa .na HMa HHKaKB;3. cnonyKa a pa6oTaTa CH; KOfOTO CTIOXO,l{HT
Il'bpBH, HHMa .n~ HMa ycnex a pa6oTaTa CH. TaKHBa c norJie,l{HTe CH
MO.>K3JIH .na ypoqacaT H ;rr,o6HT'bK. ETo 3amo T8KbB IlOBTOpeH . qo_Be.K
He ce npHeMa 3a noJIH3HHK, a noBTopeHa MOMa HJIH .>KeHa - 3a caaxa
Ha caaT6a, 3a Jia3apKa, 3a KYMHUa, 3a · EH.fl H np. 11 .nsaMaTa ca H3-
KJI10qeHH OT MHOro 06pe,z:u,1 H peJIHfH03HH o6HqaH. (6a6a MapHH,
c. TialllaKhOH, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.n10su.H, 6a6a HHKOJIHHa, c. MapamKH
TpncTeHHK, 6a6a Bo.TJKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo.)

e) X a JI q e

TioH51KOra B HaHKOH K'bllJ,a HHK0~ OT LKeHHTe paLK.na

.neTe c JIOllla JIHt.J6a: c ~){HO OKO, c .nae rJiaBH, c qenipH H c e.nHa poKa,
C TPH HJIH e,l{HH KpaK, HJIH Il'bK 6e3 poue HJIH 6e3 KpaKa - H3o6m.o C
roJIHM Kycyp. TaKoBa .neTe Hapo.nttaTa BHpa H noaepHeTo npenopo11BaT
KaTO MHOfO JIOilla JIHIJ6a He caMo 33 K'bllJ,aTa, B KOHTO ce PO.llHJIO, HO
H 3a II.51JIOTO ceno: cywa, Mop, rpa.n H .npyrH 3JiononyKH. CnmaTa BHpa
H noaepHeTO HacroHTeJIHO H CTporo 3anOBH,l{B3T T3KOBa xaJiqe .na 60.ne
yMopTBeEo se.nttar.a III.OM ce ·po.nH.
_Hapo.nttaTa BHpa pa3Ka3Ba, 11e TaKoBa xan11e B e.nHa Koma ce pa.>1<-
,naJio caMo npH THfl ycJIO~HH: aKo 6paT e XO.Z{HJI ·C'bC cecTpa CH; aKo
CBeK'hp e XO.llHJI C'bC CHaxa CH; aKo HHKOH OT .neaepHTe, T. e. 6paT51Ta
Ha M'hlKa, XO.llHJI C'bC CHaxa CH - H3o6m.o OT 6JIH3KO KpbBOCMellleHHe.
TaKOB"2l XaJ_Iqe ce P..3LK.ll3JI0 om.e, aKo Bopxy :>KeHaTa HJIH Bbp~y Mb.ll{a
HMa.no KJieTBa: MaHllHHa HJIH 6am.HHa, HJIH Bopxy .ll.ff.llOTO B aa.npyraTa,
T. e. aoMOB/laiJUKama, HMaJio o6m.a KJieTBa: CeJICKa, CHpOTHHCKa,
CHpawKa HJIH B.ZJ.OBHllIKa 33 H3e,l{HHt.JeCTB0, npe.naTeJICTB0 H .npyrH
3JIHHH, CTopeH'PI OT TOSI ,l{H,l{0 HJIH )J.0MOBJia)J.HKa.
TaKaBa JIOllla JIHt:16a MY .nasaJI rocnoJJ. .na MY HanOMHH .na ce.noKae.
(6a6a BonKaHa H·6a6a To.nopa, c. JlHTaKoao, _6a6a HHKOJIHHa, c. Ma-
paw-KH TpncTeHHK, 6.a6a.- Enxa, c. qynpeiie, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.zt10BUH.)
HAPOJJ.HA Bf[PA 237
)K) 3 M e 11-11 o a e K

., OcBeH 3Me»oBeTe, KOHTO ca· HeBFf)J;liMH CbllleCTBa ..

HM a H 3Me1-1oae-11oaeu1-1. T1,rn 3Meiioae-qoaeuH ce pa)KJ{aT, KoraTo 3MeH.
33;TIH6H MOMa H HeaecTa H TH 3aqHe H po,u.1-1 MO-Ml:J:e. TaKoBa )leTe ce
Il03HaBa, qe e 3Mefiqe, no TOBa, qe HMa H3TIO)l. MHlliHHUHTe CH Kp1we;
nm KpHJie e)lBaM ce BH>K)laT, KoraTO ce pO)lH ,n:eTeTo,. HO OTITOCJie no-
pacTBaT H c TSIX MO>Ke )la XBbpqJi ·11 JieTH no o6JiaUHTe . KpiweTe l\~Y
caen1T KaTO 3JiaTo, 3aTOBa · rH HapH'llaT 3JiaTHH.
lle >KeHaTa e 3aqHaJia H lll.e po)lH 3Me11t1e, no3ttaaa ce no Tosa,
qe ro HOCH He 9 Meceua, KaKTo ,llpyrHTe )leua, a 11 Meceua. 3aTosa
HMa H npHKa3Ka, KoraTo e)J.Ha >KeHa 3aKbCHee ~a po,n:H a )leBeTHH Meceu.:
,,3Meifqe lll.e pO,ll.H, Ta TOJIKOBa KbCHee" (6a6a MapH.H, C. To,'UOBUH,
6a0a )].ecna, c . .11.epeMaxJTe.) •
KoraTo ce BH)J.H a no3Hae, qe )leTeTo me 6b)le 3Me11qe, moM Maif -
KaTa ce 3aMbtIJI. )la pa>K)la, ITOBHKaT 12 MOMH4eTa, HO )la 6b)l8T BCH-
lJKHTe IlbpBeHI:J.eTa, Ta 3a e)lHa HOW Ha)l· kYMHHSI Ill.~ H3Ilpe)laT, ij3r
TbKaT H YlIIHHT pH3KaTa, B KOSITO Tp.H6Ba )1.a 6b)le o6JietieHo )leTeT,O,
pa60THT BCHl.JKO TOBa, na3HT BCHl.JKH )l8. He
Ill.OM. Ce pO)lH. )].o)leTO
cnoMeHHT HMeTo 3Meii, 3aIUOTO )lerero lll.HJIO TYTaI{CH )la YJ\1pe.
KoTo ce po)lH )leTeTo, se)lHara rJie)laT )laJIH HMa KpHJie; rJie)laT
ome H rnasaTa MY H OtIHTe My: Ha 3MeflqeTo-)leTe rJia:aaTa e roJIHMa, a
TaKa H OtIHTe. TTocJie, KaTO nopacHe, rJiaBaTa MY CTaBa KaTO lIIHHHK, a
otIHTe MY 1<:aTo MaJIKO Hifue. (6a6a MHtia HJIHH"lesa, c. Ko3ap 6eJieHe,.
6a6a BbJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c . oaJIBaHUH . Cps.
C6HY, XII, 160,Be.nec.) 3Mefi )lace po)lH B e)lHO ceJio e xy6aao, 3apa)lH
TOBa TaKoBa )leTe ce He y6HBa. 3MeHT-qoaeK e MHOro rOJI.HM IOHaK;
C Hero HHKOH He MO>Ke H He CMee .n.a ce Mepi:L Toft: ce 6opH C X3JIHTe·
H o6JiaUHTe; KoraTO ce 3a)la)le HHKOH o6JiaK HJIH BHxpymKa, TOBa e
XaJia; TOM JierHe H KaTO 3acnH, XBpbKHe rope y o6JiaUHTe, 6He ce C
xaJiaTa H H no6e>K)laaa. He 6HBa a TOH t1ac_)la ce 6y)lH, 3aIUoTo Toraaa
xaJiaTa MY Ha)lBHBa. (6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a .11.ecna,
c . .11.epeMaxJie, 6a6a .11.oHa, c. llIHnKa. Cps. C6HY, IX, 126, CocpHHCKO .) ·
B Cb6paHHTe MaTepHaJIH eTHOrpacpHqecKH HMa nocoqeHH HHKOJI-
KO KOHKpeTHH cJiyqaH. '
B c. Kpymoso HHKOM CH )lH)lO TpaHJI 6HJI CHH Ha 3MeiL Toi:i 6HJI
OBliapHH no IlJI3HHHaTa AJIH 6oTym H OTT3MO, K3TO ce npOBHKBaJI,
qysaJIO ce .n.opH a CeJIOTO. Toif 6HJI TOJIKOBa CHJieH, UJ.OTO MO>KaJI )la.
IlOB)lHra, .n.a TIO)J.XBbpJIH H )la HOCH KaTO Hrpa11Ka TpHCTa OKH >KeJHl30.
(Cps. C6HY, IV, 113, .11.eMHpxacapcKo.)
BbB BeJiecKo CHHbT Ha Bo>KKO BbJIHapa 6HJI CbUJ.O TaKa 3aqHaT
oT 3MeM H 6HJI 3Me11-t1oseK. Toif HMaJI rJiasa KaTo WHHHK, a oqHTe MY
roJieMH KaTO )lBe 6e.nH Me)l)KH)lHH (HaillH neToJieBKH). Toft HHKb)le He
XOJlHJJ, a ce)lHJI y )J.OMa CH. Kora rbpM.HJIO, TOH ' s11113aJI B cTaHTa, 3a-
KJIIOlIBaJI ce H HHKOH He 3HaeJI, KaKBO npaBeJI . Pa3K33 BaT, qe B TOBa
BpeMe )lOlIIJia 6HJia cecTpa MY, JiaMHTa, )la Kpa)le 6epeKeTa, H.O TOI{
238 tiHMHT1,P MAPHffOB

OTHlll'bJI ,na ce OHe c HeH H SI npon'b,nHJI. 06Jiat1eTO OHJIO 6paT My,

Ho TOH H c Hero ce 6HeJI. (C6HY, XII, 160.)
_ B c. Ca,noBHK, Pa,noMHpcKo, cow.o TaKa HMaJi:o aMeii-11oaeK. ToA
6HJI npocHK. BHJI llOBeK KaTO BCHllKH, "HO__ caMO qe HMaJI KpHJie TIO.I{
iMHlllHHUHTe, c KOHTO xaopt1aJI H. ce· 6opHJI c xaJIHTe. (C6HY, VIII,
126, Coq>HiicKo.)
TOSI C'blll.HSIT 3MeH-llOBeK 0HJI caKaT B KpaKaTa, 3aTOBa, KaTo
jl3AHJI Ha KOHSI, Bp'b3B8JIH ro 3a KOHR. OcaKaTSIBaHeT0 MY CTaHa.tlo OT
e,nHo no,no6Ho cpa>KeHHe c naMSITa; KaTo ce 6opHJI c HeSI, TH cny11afl-
HO ro y,napHJia c e,nHo-. Kpymoao ,nopao, Ta MY c11ynHJia KpaKaTa.
B c. Cao re npe3 1890 r. ce po,nHJIO TaKoaa ,,11y,noaHw.e", KaKTo
ro HapeKJio HaceneHHeTo. (B. MaKe,noHHH, 6p. 42, ro,n. II, aaeTo
c1,06w.eHHe OT ,,,UHei;:!HH HOBHHH" no,n HMe ,,l.Jy,noBHW.e B Caore".)
IlpH BCHllK0, qe rH yaa>KaBaT H IlOllHTaT TaKHBa 3MeH-ll0BeQ.H,
HO Bee naK HapO.I{HOTO BSlpBaHe aa6paHSIBa ,na y11aCTByBaT B o6pe)1.H H
pe.n.HrH03HH 06Ht1aH. Ta~a Te He OHBa ,na CTaBaT Il0Jle3HHUH, KOJie,nap-
UH, cypBaKapH,· pHHallH H KyKepn; Te He OHBa ,na ce JIOBSIT 38 no6-
paTHMH npH JieKyBaHe Ha OOJIHHUH; Te He OHBa HH ,na BeHtiaBaT, H~
Aa Kp1>w.asaT. (Ba6a Pyca CJiasosa, c. KHnHfOBo, 6a6a CToeHHUa,
c. BaJiaaHUH, 6a6a D.oHa YayH-HHKOJIOBa, c. llIHnKa, 6a6a ,Uecna,
c. ,UepeMaXJie.)
3) C 'b 6 0 T H H K

.lleTe, po,neHo s co6oTa, cTaBa co60THHK. Ha TaKoBa

~e-re B _U.HJIOTO ceMeikTBO ce rne,na C fOJISIMa pa.u,ocT H IlOllHTSHHe; H
noHe>Ke TOBa ce CJIYllBa MHOfO HapSl,nKO, TO· Ha TaKOBa po>K,neHHe rne-
.naT KaTo 6o>KHe 6naroaoneHHe K'bM TYH ceMeiicTBO. Toaa e Ba>KHO H
.38 U.HJIOTO CeJIO, 3a~OTO C'b6oTHHK, OCOOHO aKo e MOMlle, ,no6po e 33
ceJIOTO. Ilpe3 ,neBeT cena M'btJHO ce HaMHpaT C'bOOTHHUH.
Ta.ff pa,nocT OT C'bOOTHHlle ,neTe H TOBa ysa>KeHHe K'bM . Hero
npOH3JIH3a OTTaM~ ,neTo Hapo,nHOTO BSlpBaHe YTB'bp>K,naaa, qe B K'bW.8,
B KO.HTO HMa C'bOOTHHK, BaMnHp ae BJIH38JI, M8fHH He MO>KJIH ,na 6opa-
13SIT, HanpaTeH 1KHBaK 6S1raJI, JIOIIIH ,nyxoae H 6oJieCTH He CMe51JIH ,na
BJIH3aT. (Ba6a ,Uecna, c. ,UepeMaxne, 6a6a ,UoHa Y3yH-HHKonosa,
c. llIHnKa, 6a6a Pa,na, c. TopHoBo npH CeflMeH.)
.H nceTa C'b60THHUH ca Ha IlOllHT
.
H ueHa; H BOJI C'b60THHK ' H KOH
C'b0OTHHK CTpysa noeeqe, OTKOJIKO po,neHHTe B ,npyrH AHH npe3
He,neJI.HTa. (Ba6a MHt1a; c. Ko3ap BeneHe, (ia6a .JI.ecna, c. ,UepeMaxne.J
11) Ha Me p e Ho
KoraTo HSIKOMY ;Aen.aTa .He TpaSIT, HM a e,nHH 06Ht1afl,
K
npo,nH. TyBaH OT Hapo,nHaTa BSlpa, Ta ,na MOfaT ,na ~HBeSIT ,lleUaTa.
Kato ce po,nH ,neTero, ae,nHara ro YBHBaT B neneHH H· ow.e npea HOW.Ta,
MHOfO paH0 npe,l{ 30pH, ro TypraT Ha Kp'bCT0il'bT51 Kpai\ ceJI0TO, a
6a6aTa, KOSITO ro 6a6yeaJia, w.e ce CKpHe B HSIKOH OKOil HJIH 3a,l1. HHKOe
JJ.opso HJIH nJieT. (81K.· )l(.cTap., KH. III, 209.) KoiiTo ·cny11aAHO MHHe,
TOH w.e ro Kp'bCTH, a HMeTo MY . HenpeMeHHO w.e 60,ne He .l{pyro, a
HaA,neH, T. e. HaMepeH.
 HAPOJ:! HA Bf/PA 239
TaKoBa .n.eTe e H3TporHaT o H3 ycTaTa Ha CM'bpTTa , H3TporHaT0
e H3 ycTaTa Ha nomaTa opHCHHUa H Ha Hero ce r Jie.n.a c yaa)KeHHe;
cqHTa ce OT Hapo.n.HaTa BHpa KaTo )leTe Heo6HKHOBeHo, pa3Jil-ftIH0 OT
.npyrHTe .n.eua. HMa o6pe.n.H H o6HtJaH, B K0HTO ce npe.n.notJHTaT HaMe-
peHH MOM'IeTa HJIH MOMHqeTa. TaKa Ha K0Jie.n.apUHTe uapHT HJIH Ky.n.a-6a-
lIJIUIT3, aKo HMa TaK'bB HaMepeH M0M'bK, npe.n.nO'IHTa ce TOH .n.a 60.n.e Ta-
K'bB; M3HKaTa Ha KyKep1-ne npe.n.notJTHTeJIH0 CTaBa HaMepeH M0M'bK.
{Ba6a CTaHKa AHreJioBa, c. TeToso, BaJI6yHap cKo); 3a no6paTHM npH
poceH HJIH .n.pyrH JieKyBaHHH npe)lTI0'IHTa ce HaMepeH M'b}K HJIH }KeHa.
{Ba6a l1oHa, c . PaKOBHUa, KyncKo, 6a6a MapHH CHn-KoHoB a,
c. MaJiopaT, OpHxoscK o.) KoraTo TporHaT aa .n.opsa, 3a so.n.eHHUa HJIH
Ha KHpHSI, npe.n.notJHTaT .n.a H36HpaT Kepea1-t-6aUlUR-BO)la'I, TaK'bB Ha-
MepeH M0M'bK HJIH c1>60THHK, 33I.IJ.OTO Torasa 38 ueJIHH KepBaH JI0lll8
cpew.a, caM0BHJIH, BaMnHpH H .n.pyrH 3JIH HaBeTH HHMa. (Ba6a IleHa
PucToBa, c. CTy6en, KyTnoscKo , 6a6a ratta, c . BoJIKoaa CnaTHHa,
.Jlo.McKo, 6a6a · BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo , 6a6a Kepa, c. BaJIBaH.)
HaMepeHO .neTe, aKO e MOM'Ie, CTaBaJIO non HJIH )laCKaJI - y11eHo;
aK0 JIH ~ MOMHlle, CTaBaJI0 Il'bpBa neCHOilOHKa, Il'bpBa xy6aBHUa,
n'hpBa pa6oTHHUa B cenoTo. (Ba6a EnKa, c. 4ynpette, BeJiorpa)ltJHlllKO,
i6a6a Casa HsaHHUa, c. BHna CnaTHHa.)
K} M 'b p TBo p o .ll e H o
CJiyqsa ce, Ta .neTeTo ce pa}K.na M'hpTBO, HO
6a6aTa, aKo e sema, TpHe ro, Ha)lyaa ro c ues H ro C'b}KHBHBa H
T0Ba )leTe }KHBee 0Til0CJie )l'b.1IrH f0)lHHH, KaKT0 BCH'IKHTe .n.pyrH .n.eua
H qoeeuH.
TaKosa .neTe o6aqe Hapo.n.HaTa ssipa npe.ncTaBJIHBa KaTo po}K6a
Ha )lHB0Jia, 3aI.IJ.OTO no 60)KHHTa BOJIH TO e M'bpTB0. rocno)l He MY )J.aJI
'AYllla, Ho nocJie 6a6aTa, KaTo ro Ha.nyaa.na c uea, B.ll'hXHaJia MY ceoH
Jlywa HJIH no-.n.o6pe B)l'bXHaJia MY .nyma, K0HTO e )la)J.eHa OT )J.HBOJi a.
11 TaKoea )leTe~ aK0 e M0M'Ie - CTaBa X8HJlYK, H3e)lHHK, npe.naTeJI
Hapo)leH, naAU't - H3o6mo 'lJ0BeK, 33 K0r0T0 ce o6HKiIOBeHo Ka3B8
~,no-)lo6pe e MaHKa ,u.a ro He e pa}K_nana". AKo JIH e M0MHqe, cTaaa
Kypea, MarbOCHHU a, MeXaH)l}KH HKa . (Kpo11MapH ua), KOHTO XO)lH C

TYPUHTe H KanaC'h3HTe, HTaK Ha xau,nyTHTe H y6HHUHTe, OT K0HTO

eeeT'bT me nponHI.IJ.H - }KeHa, 38 K0HT0 ce o6HKHoBeHo Ka3Ba ,,,na He
' e ce np'hKHana Ha cseTa" HJIH ,,MaAKa ii KaMHK .na e pa}K_naJia". (Ba6a
Enxa, c. 4ynpeHe, 6a6a MapHH, c. KpHBO)J.OJI, Bpa11aHcKo .) TaK'bB
'I0Be.K He 6HBa )la CTaBa KOlle)lapeu , cypBaKap, Il0Jie3HHK. (B.a6a
II.paraHa, c. MapalllKH Tp'bCTeHHK, nneseHcKo , 6a6a PauKa, c·. KHe-
)Ka), aaw;oTo npeMe}K)J.He rn.e11'fi oKapa Ha .llPY}KHHaTa, na H nowo e
aa K-'hW:aTa, .neTo ane3He. He 6Hea H cnpe"'HRK (co.n.py>KHHK B 3eMne-
.nenneTo) .zta ro 3HMa qoaeK, 3arn.0TO · HHMa .n.a HMa 6epeKeT. (Ba6a
TieHa PncToaa, -c. CTy6en.) H · 3a no6paTHM He 611ea )la ro 3HMa
OOJJHHHT, 3arn.oTo·HHMaJIO )la noJ1y11H I.I.Hp. (Ba6a To.n.opa H·6a6a B11.na,
c. CTaJCbOBIJ.H.) ETO 3arn.o, KoraTO ce p0)J.H TaKOBa .neTe M'bpTBO H
240 JiHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

6a6aTa ro Cl>)KHBH H3KYCTBeHo, )J.0M31IIHHTe KpHSIT, -a Ha 6a6aTa, aa

JI.a M'bJilIH, .n.asaT H no.n.apou.H . (Ba6a EJIKa, c. 4ynpeHe, 6a6a CTaHa,.
c. Kp1:1so.n.0JI, JloMcKo.)

JI) 3 a, q H a TO H p O JI. e HO .II. e T e C 'b C

CHJiaTa Ha 6HJIKH HJIH OT 6 o r a
l.

BH.II.HXMe KaKBO Hemo e )KeHa 6ea)J.eTKa. TaH }KeHa

me ce TPY.II.H .n.a 38tJHe HJIH qpe3 MarHH H 6HJIKH, HJIH me ce MOJIH oory
.n.a. H .n.a.D.e po)K6a OT copu.e.
y Hapo.n.a C'blll.eCTByBaT )lBa BH)J.·8 Il0HSITHSI 38 CHJTaTa Ha 6HJIKHTe.
E)lHH 6HJI·Klf B peaJIHHH CMHC'bJI ·npHa)lJie)KaT K'b?d H8pO)lHaT8 Me)lHUHHa.,
T. e. BHpsa ·c-e, qe no H3llIHTe nJiaHHHH HM8JI0 0HJIKH, C lJHHTO CHJia e,L{-
Ha 6es,neTKa )KeHa MO)KeJia .n.a pO.IlH. TyK B TOH cJiy11aii ce He H3KJIJoqea
HHKaK C'b6HpaHeTO Ha 6e3,L{eTKaTa C M'b)Ka CH. BHJIKHTe caMO yJreCHH-
BaJIH 3aqaTHeTO HJIH OTCtpaHHB8JIH_ MarHHTe, KOHTO ca npH11HHHJIH
6e3,L{eTCTBO.
(B c. BJiallIKO ceJio, BepKoBcKo, HMallle cTapeu., .IlH.Il0 MaHo,.
aKO ce He Jl'b)K8, KOHTO. Il03HaBallle TaH 6HJIKa H JieTe H 6epellle no
CTapa IlJl8HHHa. T8H 6HJIKa pacTHJia C8~0 HO HaH-BHCOKHTe IJJl8HHHH
Kpafl egepaTa caM0BHJICKH .- ToH JVI)l.O Maim 6HJI x~H)l.YTHH 25 r. H
Hayq1:1JI 6HJIKaTa OT ceoH eoii~.na, po)l0M OT ApttayTJiyKa. Toi% npo.L{a-
Ballle TaH 6HJIK8. OT Mette o6aqe B 1888 r. CKpH. BH.IlH C£ MOeTO 3BaH·H e
0Kpo>KeH ynpaBJITeJI no OHOBa BpeMe ro 6e ynJiallIHJIO . TIO.IlHPHX ro
no-no.L{Hpe e 1892 r., o6aqe TOH 6ellle IlOtJHHaJI.)
.Ilpyqne 6HJIKH ca 0TBJietJeHo IlOHHTHe 38 Hapo)la. THH 6HJIKH
C'b~eCTByBaT C8MO B'bB BHpaTa Hapo,nHa H B no~epHeTo. THH 6HJIKH HMa-
JIH Ta.SI MarHtJecKa CHJia, >Ketta, III.OM rH nHeJia, 3aqeaJia H pa)K)l8Jia ,neTe.
TyK B TOH cJiytJaH ce H3KJlf0tIB8 BCHK0 ytJaCTHe Ha M'b)Ka: TOBa e 6e3-
ceMeHHO 3aqaTHe.
3a TaKOB8 6e3ceMeHHO 38tJ3THe ce roBOpH B rreCHJ-ITe H rrpHK83-
KHTe, HO TYK ce roeopH C8M0 38 >KeHH ; B)l0BHU.H H M0MH ca H3KJIIOtJeHH
C'bBopllleH0. TieCHHTe H npHK83KHTe npe)lCT3BJIHBaT, qe THH 6HJIKH HH-
KHeJIH MH0fO ,L{aJietJe JI M0>KaJIH )la n-1 )l.OHec8T C8MOBHJIHTe, opHCHHU.HTe,.
pycaJIKHTe H CJl'bHUeTO.
B TOH CJIYtJ8H 38tJH8TOTO H p0)leHO OT T8KHBa 6HJIKH )leTe Hapo)l-
H8T8 BHpa H noBepHeTO H3,L{HraT MHoro BJ'ICOK0 H ro CH86)lHBaT C MH_QfO .
KatJeCTBa, KOHTO JIHnCBaT y )lpyrHTe O'lfKHOBeHH )leu.a. AKO no TO.ff
H811HH 38tJH3-TO H po.IleHo )leTe e MOMtJe - TO 6HBaJio C 6eJier: 3Be3)la- Ha
qeJIQT0, KpHJie no)l paMeHeTe, H 6HB8JI IOHaK Ha)l 10H8U.HTe, KpacHB K
JIHtJeH. AKO JIH e M0MHtJe, TO CTaBaJio M0Ma ,,)l)'HH-f103eJIHH", T. e.
pH)lKa Kpac8BHUa, CTpoHHa H C)l'bJlfH KOCH H pH)lKa neCHOilOHKa.
(6a6a Pa.Ila ToHbosa, c. TopHoso, XacKoBcKo, 6a6a )lecrra·. c. · )lepe-
HAP O Jl HA B}lP A 241
•
.. CpB.
Max.ne, 6a6a EJIKa, c. q y npeHe, 6a6a Pyca, c. KHnw.noBo
C6HY, III, 37, ,NQ 4 w ,N'Q 5.)
Ta
TaKoBa 3a1JHaTO6 OT 6HJIKH H po.neHo .neTe npe.ncTaBJIHBa neceH
HH 3a yqacTHe Ha M'b>K.
3a xy6aBa MapHHKa. TyK HMKaK He ce. cnoMH
,llpyr BH.ZI. 38ll8THe e 3a1JaTHe OT 6o'ra, 11pe3 6o>KHH CHJia, HO naK C
y1rncTHeTO Ha M'b)K a .
OT
Bes.nerKaTa .meHa ce MOJIH 6ory .n.1>.nro apeMe .na ii .na.ne po>K6a
MHJIOCTHHH no
Copue; XO.ZJ.H no MaHaCTHpH, .naBa IIO UopKBH; .naBa
,nere.
CHpOM3CH: CJIY>KH JIHTyprHH - H HaH-HaKpaH 38lJHe H pO.ZI.H
TO ce no.npa 3-
TyK H8HCTHHa He ce CIIOMHHH 38 ytJaCTHeTo Ha M'b>Ka, HO
M'b>Kap
6Hpa, 38ll..l0TO BCHKora, K'b.ZI.eTo H )la OTM.ZJ.e, TH e npH,npy>KeHa OT
JIKO OT >KeHaTa.
KOHTO C'bI.IJ.O TaKa nryB ~ H )K3JIH 3a .neua He IIO-Ma
11Ma 3aqaTHe naK OT 6ora, qpe3 CHJiaTa HeroBa, o6aqe yqacTHeTo
Ha M'h>Ka HHKaK He ce .nonycKa.
TaKa )K€Ha 61rna npOK'bJIHaTa OT MaHKa CH 38 HHKaKBa rpenJKa:
H pH-
,,,Ila )la.ne rocno.n, CHHKO , .na po)lHili, Kora qyelli KaMHK .na npo.nyMa
HHa
6a .na npoIIee." I1 TH ocTaHaJia 6e3,nerKa. Karo ce cerHJia 3a TaH MaHlJ
Mope ;
KJJ€TBa, 6e3)l€TKaTa ce IlOMOJIHJia 6ory H OTHIIIJia npH qepHO
i 6or ce
TaMo nJiaKaJia H ce MOJIHJia 6ory .Zl.'hJiro BpeMe H HaH-HaKpai
JJa Ha
CMHJIHJI H Hape)lHJI, Ta KaM'bK e IIpo.nyMaJI, a e,nHa pH6a H3JIH3
ia )leTe.
6pera H npoIIHJia. :6e3,nerKara 3atIHaJia Be,t{Hara H nocJ1e po,nHJ
acrpo .)
(Ea6a ,llecna, c. ,llepeMaxJie, 6a6a CTaHa 5IHeBa, c. PycoK
OT
,Upyra .>KeHa, c1>w,o 6.es.nerKa, ce MOJIHJia 6ory .na ii .na.ne po.>K6a
3alJHa -
copu.e, na MaKap 6HJIO H 3MHHtie. Bor 11yJI MOJI6ara; 6e3,nerKaTa
T€>KKO~
Jia H pO)lHJia 3MHH1Je. )KeHaTa 6Jiaro.napHJia 6ory' caMO H 6HJJO
Beqep .
qe CHH H ce KpHeJI H3 .nyIIK HTe B K'bll.J,aTa H ce HBJIHBaJI CaMO
MaHKa
Kora ro CTHrHaJI Ha B'h3pacr 3a >KeHHT6a, TOH ce HBHJI H Ka3aJI Ha
OTHiliJia.
cH .na orH,ne .na MY HCKa 3a >KeHa uapcKara .now,e.pH. Ma11Kara
aKo
l{apHT, 3a ,!:la H no.nHrpae, Ka3aJI ii, qe w,e .na.ne .n~w,epH CH caMo
UH; aKo nocre Jie
CHH'bT H3rpaJ:Ui naJiaT OT 3Jl3TO H .nparo ueHHH K3M'b
H ow,e HHKOJIKO
ffbTH OT uapcK HH ){BOP .no HeroB HH IIaJiaT C'bC 3JI3TO
H Ka3aJ ia Ha CHHa CH
'1'3KHBa H€B'b3MO>KHH Hew,a . MaiiK aTa ce B'bpHaJia
IIpH-
BCHlJKH THH nop'btIKH. 3MH5lT3 CTOpHJia BCHlJKO TOBa H uapsn 6H,lJ
K'bT
Hy,neH .na .na.ne ,l{'bll.J,epH CH. BeHtJ8JIH rH: MOMaTa 6HJia MOM a, HO MOM'b
Ta no 60>KHe IIO-
6HJI 3MHH . BeqepTa, Karo fH ~BeJili B qeprora, 3MHH
BeJieHHe CT3HaJia MOM'bK, H TO TaK'bB Kpaca eeu, .na
MY ce HeHarJie,!lalIJ.
Ko, 6a6a
(Ea6a BH.na , c. CraKhOBUH, 6a6a Mapm i, c. KpHso.non, JloMc
,llecIIa, c. ,llepeMaxne. IlpHKa3BaHa Karo npHKasKa.)
D. ere or Ka M H K. BHpara Hapo.nHa yrBop,nHsa, qe no 60.>Jrnjl
ap.H OT
cH.na .nere MO>Ke .na craHe, 6e3 .na ce po.nH or >KeHa, a ce nperB
HHKOe Bew.ecrBO, Hanp. OT ,l{'bpBO, OT KaMHK.
ce
Pa3Ka3Ba noBepHeTO, qe e.nHa .>KeHa H.HMaJia .neua. IloMOJIHJia
BHpa TH
6ory .na npeTBOpH MaKap KaMHK Ha .neTe. C TaH CH MOJI6a H
HTe Ha-
se.na KaMHK, rypHaJia ro Ha KopeMa cn, yauna ro c noHca (.>KeH
.n.ece-
WH BCHllKH HOCHJIH HHKora onac) H ro HOCHJia .n.eaer Mecena. Ha
THH ro pa3BHJia H 3a HeHH a fOJIHM a pa,n.ocr KaMHK'bT
CTaHaJI .n.ere. (Ba-

e C-1»A'bp>KaHHeTO Ha neceHTa B'.lK. TYK, Ctp. 42.

16
242 . 11.J-IMHToP MAPHHOB

6a EnKa, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a MoMa, c. To.n10~uH, 6aoa ,llecna, c •

.UepeMaxJie, 6a6a Bop6a, c . PeceH," TopHoBcKo.) Tosa noBepHe ce
npe.rr.asa B'bB BH.zt Ha npHKa3K~ .
- llaJIH e BHpHo Toaa? - 3arrHTax.
- Ila He e 6Hno, He 6H ce HH npHKa3aano - oTroaopHxa 6a6a
B1,p6a H 6a6a llecrra.
B p a T o T .n 'b p B o. Hapo,nHoTo noaepHe pa3Ka3ea, 11e .nae
cecTpH HHMaJIH 6paT, B KOfOTO .na ce K'bJIHaT. Maoro >KaJIHJIH, MHOro
nJiaKaJIH, MHOfO ce 6ory MOJIHJIH .na npeTBOpH MaKap H e.nao A'bpBo B
qosex, caMo ,Aa HM 6'b.ne 6paTeu. OrHrnJIH B ropaTa H HaMepHJIH e.ztHH
Jl'bHep cyx; o6JieKJIH ro B M'bBCKH ,ApexH H ro XBaHaJIH 33 CBOfl 6paT.
MoJIHJIH ce 6ory H nJiaKaJIH H rocno,A qyJI MOJI6aTa HM H II'bH'bT CT8BaJI
11oaeK. (6a6a D.ecna, c. ,UepeMaxne, 6a6a Bop6a, c . PeceH, 6a6a MoMa,
c. To.n10BUH . TioaepHeTO rrpe.nasa Tyit: B'bB BHJl Ha npHKa3Ka.)
BcHIIKHTe TH.SI .neua - MOM1JeTa H MOMH, Hapo.n.HaTa B.Sipa npe.n-
CTaBJI.SIBa KaTo OTJIH11HH ,Aeua: IOHaUH, xy6aBH, KpacHBH, neCHOilOHKH
H JI.pyrH Ka11ecTBa, I<8KBHTO JIHIICBaT y .npynITe o6HKHOBeHO po.neHH
.n.eua.

M) IO Hau a

TyK IIO.ll. .AyMaTa ,,IOHaua:" Hapo,AHaTa BHpa H rro-

BepHeTO fOBOp.SIT caMO 38 MOMUH. T.SIX rrpe,ACTaBJISIBaT Karo llOBeUH,
06a11e o6na,Aaem.H capoxecTecTBeHH Ka11ecTaa: CHJia H xy6ocT. THSI
1JOBeUH-IOHaUH HMaT TaKaBa CHJia H TaKaBa MOW., K8KB8TO JlHTICBaJia
Ha BCHllKHTe .npyrH o6HKHOBeHH M'b:>Ke; c Ta~ CHJia Te B'bpUIHJIH TIO,A-
BH3H B'bH OT B'b3MO:>KHOTO 38 o6HKHOBeH llOBeK.
TaKHBa 11oaeuH-IOH8UH ce pa>K,llaJIH C fOJISIMa B'bHK8lIIHa JIH116a:
C KpHJie, C'bC 3Be3JI,a Ha qeno, 06ne11eHH C pH3a, C TPH HJIH ,AeBeT
C"bpua. .
8.SipaTa napo,nHa H nosepHeTo co11aT THSI YCJIOBHSI, npH KOHTO
e,AHO .n:eTe po,AeHO, OTfiOCJie CT8B8JIO IOHaK.
1. KoraTO ce po,nHJIO OT C'bBOKynJieHHe Ha o6HKHOBeHa BeeHa
a sMeii.
2. KoraTo ce po,AHJio OT 3MeHua, KOSITO HMaJia sa M'b:>K HHKoii
MOM'bK JlH1JeH. ·
3. KoraTO ,AeTeTO e po.n:eHo OT caMOBHJia, HO 38t{H8TO H po,AeHO
OT C'bBOKynJieHHe Ha TaH caMOBHJia C HHKOH IOHaK - MOM'bK HJIH oaqap.
4. KoraTO ,AeTeTo e po,neHo oT· o6HKHOBeHa :>KeHa, HO OTilOCJie
OT,AOeHO OT CaMOBHJia.
BHpaTa Hapo,AHa H noBepHeTo pa3Ka3BaT, qe TOBa ,AeTe, o6HKHO-
BeHO 3.Apaao H KpacHBO, OTHacHJia ro MaAKa My Ha HHBa llJIH Ha JIH-
Ba,Aa no nnaHHHCKH MecTa H KaTO ro IIOJiaraJia Ha JIIOJIKa, KOSITO Bp'b3-
BaJia 3a_.nse enxH, ocTaB.SIJia ro caMo, a TSl°OTHBaJia Ha pa6oTa. ,Ue-reTo ce
co6y>K,Aano H noqeano ,Aa nnaqe, CaMOBHJia, KO.SITO caMa HMaJia 6e6e,
KaTO qyena TOSI ,neTCKH IIJiaq,oTRBana npH JIIOJIKaTa H IIO,AOHBaJfa J(eTeTo.
HAPO ii H A Bf[PA 243
Be~H'b>K no.noeHo OT caM0BHJia, )leTeTo 0TK83B8JI0 .na npHeMe .na cyqe OT
MaHKa CH, a H caMOBHJiaTa ro He 0CTaBHJia. TH ce srnsrnaJia BCHKOra KO-
raT0 )lerero 3anJiaKBaJio, H ro HaK'bpMBaJia; roaa craaaJio, Koraro MaH-
KaTa e OTHaCHJJa )leTeTo B K'bIII.H. TaKa OTK'hpMeHo OT caMOBHJia )leTe-
MOM~e cTaBaJio oTnocJie IOHaK. (Ba6a EJIKa, c. 4ynpette, 6a6a M1-rna,
c. KoJIH61ne, TpoHHCK0, 6a6a I(ecna, c . .llepeMaxJie.)
3a K p a JI HM a p Ko ce npHKa3aa,qe TOH craHaJI 10HaK nopa,nH ro-
sa, 331qOTO 6HJI 0TK'hpMeH OT CaMOBHJJa. (Ba6a 8'bJIKaHa TieHOBHUa,
c. JlHTaKoao. Cpa. C6HY, VI, 112, OpxaHHe.)
5. Koraro )leTeTo e po,lleHo HJIH craHaJio no capoxqoaemKH aa-
qHH: po,neHo Karo 3MHHqe, CTaHaJio OT K8MHK, )l'bpBO H ,llp. - 3a KaKBH-
TO HaqHHH cnoMeHaxMe no-rope. TaKHBa MOMqera CTaBaJIH IOH3UH.
6. Koraro po)leHoro )leTe HMaJio roJJHMa .l{o6pa JIHq6a Ha ce6e
CH: po,AeH C KpHJie HJIH C PH3a, HJIH C'hC 3Be3)l8, 3a K8KBHT0 )leua ro-
BOpHT neCHHTe:

CHomH ce ){ere po.l{HJIO

C roJIHMa .111-1q6a Ha 11e.110:
5IcHo MY CJI'hHUe rpeHJio.
CHorqH ce )lere po)lHJio,
3apaH CH MaHUH rrpo.nyirn.
l-fa c6opmuca MH, OT 6a6a r.necna, C. .l{epeMaXJie

T aKHBa .neua c noco11eHH miq6H OTB'hHKa He ce pa3JIHqaaaT or

JlpyrHTe MOMUH, HO THXHaTa CHJia ce ITOK83B8Jia, .KoraTO e )lOXO>K,ll.a.11
CJiyqaif .na ce 6opH HJIH 6He. ToraBa npOHBHBaJI CBOHTa CHJia. TaKHBa
IOHaUH HMaT He e.z(HO Copue, KaKTO o6HKHOBeHHTe qoseuH, a HHKOJIKO
eopua. Hapo.n;Hara BHpa H rrosepHero rH rrpe.ncraBJIHBaT o6HKHOBeHo c
TpH copua, HO HMaJio H c noaeqe - oceM, rra H )lecer:
HcnpaBHJie ca ca JlO )leBeT cpoua,
A ,Aecero JI10Ta 3MHH. ·
C6HY, XIV, 95, Konpusmuua

TyK IOH8IllKOTO Copue ce npe)lCT8BJIHBa Karo 3MHH YCOHHHUa.

THH Copua CITHT H He ce npo6y>K,l1.aT HaBe)lH'h>K, a IlOCTeneHH0, e)l-
HO no e)lHO. AKO rpae 6op6ara IlO-)l'bJiro, c1>6y>K)laT ce BCHllKHTe C'bp-
·ua; nOCJJe)lHOTO ce pHcyaa KaTO JIIOTa 3MHH, T. e. H8H-HKO , HaH-CHJIHO.
_11 ·Koraro ce. npo6y>K.na roaa nocne,nHoro copue, roraaa 10HaK'hT craaa
Heno6e.z:tHM H Hey.nop>KHM, roraaa H3B1>pmaa CBp'bXtlOBellJKH IlO)lBH3H.
TTo,nBH3HTe Ha THSI IOH8UH·tlOBeUH B H8p0)lHOTO BHpBaHe, B H8p0)l•
HHTe HH nlcHH H B npHKa3KHTe ca npe,ncraaeHH B crenea, KOHTO Ha,n-
MHHaaa BCHqKH rpaHHUH Ha qoaewKaTa CHJia. TH.SI IOHaUH Ha)l)leJISIB8T
Ha CBpoxqoaemKH npen.SITCTBHH, no6e>KJ,t8B8T BCHtlKH HeBH)lHMH come-
CTBa H .nyxoae, na H C8MHTe CTHXHH; H8).t6op3BaT ce C'bC CJI'bHU.ero H ro
HaJr:MHHiear; XB'bptlaT C'bC CB0HTe K0He no o6JiaUHTe H H3JIH38T Ha ro-

•
244 JI.HMHT'bP MA PH HOB

PHHSI CB.HT; CJIH38T Ha )J.OJIHHH; XO)J.RT .no KpaH CBe'fa; OTHB8T npH >KH-
BaTa BO)J.a H 3HM8T OT He.ff. C e.n.Ha .nyMa, Hapo.n.HOTO BRpBaHe· He e
TYJ)H8JIO HHKaKBa Cil'bHKa, HHK8KBa HeB'b3MO:>KHOCT B Il0,lJ.BH3HTe Ha
H81IIHTe fOH8U.H.
ETo HHKOJJKo - npHMepa.
n O H q H H B O H B O JI. a e IOH8K. Toii B'bpTH B p'bU.eTe CH K8TO
nepo 003,lJ.yraH, _KOHTO Te:>KH TpHCTa OK-H, H TOR 603.nyraH ce Ka~Ba
,,JieKa 003.nyraHa"; ca6JI.SITa MY ,,,nHnJieHHU.a",___.,mo ·ce JJ.HDJIH Ha ,nsaHa~
.z(eceT JJ.HnJJH'' H ,,ce HOCH B 6HJia na3sa", a KoraTo ce·pas.n~nJIH ,,,ll'bJira
e 1IIeCTHa.neceT ne,nH, a lIIHpoxa 11eTHpH ne.n.H". TaH ca6JI.SI ce11e He caMo
IOHalIIKH rJiaBH, HO ,,ceqe H JJ.'bpBa H KaM1>"""Hbe".
Toii JJe:>KH 60.neH .neseT rO,llHHH, KOCTHTe MY ca pasrJI06eHH, HO
naK OOJl_
e cTTa MY He e MO:>KaJJa ,na CJIOMH IOHawKaTa MY CHara, IOHa-
lIIKaTa CHJla.

neseT rO,llHH iiome O,llH,

neHe JJe>KH, Home 0)1.H~
Ta ce 6He c'bc 3Mefmae,
·Coe sMeiioBe, C'bC 10HaU.H.
C6HY, XIV, 74,_ l(onpHBill.HUa. CpB. C6HY, XIV, 75, KonpHBW.HUa

n e T e f O JI O M .e llI e e C'blUO TaK'bB IOHaK. IloHBHJI ce 11epeH

apanHH', HO He o6HKHOBeH 1IOBeK, a U.HJia XaJlemuna; eTo KaK ro OilHCBa
ne<;eHTa:

noJIHa ycTHa Ha rpo,ll.H MY 6He,

fopHa ycTHa B'hB qeJio ro y.,npH.
f JiaBa HMa, KOJIKO ,ll.Ba Tona Ha,
QqH MY ca, KOJIKO ,llBe naHHU.H,
YcTa HM8, KOJIKO MaJIKH BpaTa·,
3o6H HMa qeTHPH ,ll.HKeJIH,
A H03e MY - coJiyHcKH JJ.Hpeu.H.
KoraTo c -ycTaTaCH .ll.Hllla, OT ycTaTa MY Or'hH H3JIH3a H Ha ropa-
·ta JIHCTeTo 06.iiuaa. Ta.SI xaJieTHHa sanHpa .ll.PYMOBe, KJIHcypH H He ,na~a
H_H ~OMY )1;8 ·MHHe. C TaSI xaJieTHHa H3JierHaJIO ,neTe fonoMellle .na ,neJIH
Mer,n~H. C6opHJJH ce H ro C'b60pHJI, na H3B8)1.HJI. ca6nsITa CH .na MY OTCe-
11e rnaBaTa. KaTO saMaxHaJI, TOH OTCHK'bJI He caMo CTpa1IIHaTa rJiaBa Ha
xaJieTHHaTa, HO ome npecHK'bJI H ,neBeT 6yKH HaBe)J.H'b:>K. (MHJI. N2137.)
ll H M o HJIH C T o R H 10 H ~ K. J,faJiesHaJia e Me-ciKa cTp'bBHH-
u.a, KO.SITO e 38BJI8,llHJia IlJl8HHijH:Te IlHpHH, Mypralll H .np. HJIH II'bK
HR Koe lIIHpOKO none - ,,,ll.HMHO 3aropCKO IlOJie", H IlOHJia e ,,CHBH ro-
se.na H spaHH KOHe", .neu.a, na H nceTa H onycTowuna .neseT cena.
C'b6paJIH ce ceJIHHH OT .neseT ceJia ,ll.8 yTpenSIT MeqKaTa, HO KaTO HSJIC~
3HaJia, BC-HllKH ce pa36HraJIH: TO He e 6HJIO Me11Ka K8TO Me11K3t
a ,,KOJia Tp'bHe". 0cTaHaJI e C8MHH CTOSIH HJIH .nHMO, KOHTO ca IOH8UH,

•
HAP OJiH A Bf{P A 245

Ta ce 6opHJIH C HeH H C IlOMOW.Ta Ha CBOHTe nceTa H yTpenaJIH.

(C6H Y, V, 73, N2 4, 75, N2 5; VII, 83, N2 3.)
C THX H BCSI-
TaKHB a IOHaU H ce cpew. aJIH C'bC 3Meu: oae, 6opHJ IH ce
Kora HM Ha.I{BHBaJIH, Ta rH JIOBHJIH 3a .npyra pH-no 6paTH MH.
TaKa ll H M H T 1> p 10 H a K OTHUI'bJI Ha TTHpHH nJiaHHHa H TaMo
lIHMH T'bp
cpemHaJI 77 3Meu:ose. Hau:-H anpe.n HJI H nHJI c THX TPH ,nHH H
6opHT H .llHMH T'bp
rH Ha.ZlHJI H HaJ{IlH JI. IloCJi e CTaHa JIH H IlO11HaJIH .na ce
raT e,nHH
HazIBHJI Ha BcHqK.H. Tioen e ce XBaHaJIH Ha o6nor a .na xa1>p
.na ce noKJia TH OT
CrnaH, 08Ume H KaM"fJK (rOJIH Ma CKaJi a, KOSITO He MOJKe
H CTHra JI K'bM'bK'bT
HHKaK Ba qosem Ka CHJia ); XBopr aJIH ro 3MeHO BeTe
KaM'bK'bT
.no e.nHo MHcTo; KoraT o ro 3eJI .llHMHT'bp IOHaK H ro XB'bpJIHJI,
a BCH-
npeMHH_aJI Ha,n KoJKy K nnaHH Ha H na.nttaJI B 6HJIO Mope. ToraB
~urn ro npH3HaJIH 3a rro-roJIHM IOHaK OT ce6e H ro xaattaJIH 3a no6paTHM.
(C6H Y, X, 10, N2 2, KoJieAapcKa, CepcK o.)
.llpyr . IOHaK , KaTO XO.Z{HJI no IIJiaHHHHTe:
CpernKOM cpem a MJiaAo 3Meftqe.
C6opHJIH ce, noc6HJIH ce,
qe ro .n:urtta Hai(H ce6e,
qe ro y.napH B 11epHa 3eMJISI,
f1,pM ir, Tpem H, .Zl'bLK.Zl Ha aaJIH.
J13 c6opHHKa MH, OT 6a6a To.l{op a, c.JIHT aKoeo C6HY , XV, 111,
Tp1>HK OBO

M Hp q o 10 Ha K, KaTo xo,nHJI no TYH paBHo _none, aa .na JIOB11 JIOB,

a 6paTH.
cpem.HaJI e,ztHH 60JieH 3MeH. 3MeHT MY pa3Ka3aJI, qe Te ca TpHM
a Tpe-
EitHH qyBa cenoT o Ha M:up110, .npy.rHHT na3H KocTy pcKoT o none,
TiupH H-
THHT - sopxo BeTe nHpHHCKH. Toil MY Ka3aJI ome, 11e rope Ha
6.HJIOTO
cKoTo B'bplll e HMa xana, KOHTO H,l(e 6HJia rrmeHHUa H 306e
TIHpHH·
rpo3,ne, Ta .na H y6He. MHpq o 10HaK ro rrocny man, OTHlII'bJI_Ha
SI 3MeH.H
CKOTO Bopm e H y6HJI JiaMHTa. ~OCJie ce B'bpUaJI, Ta 3eJI OOJIHH
IlOHJIH C
ro OCT3BH.'I Ha e,l(Ha MaH,npa Ha nJiaHHHa .lla6H K, ,neTo . ro
a 3a
MJIHKO TpH He,zteJIH, Ta 03)lpaBHJI ; H TOH 3MeH nocne XBaHaJI MHpq
rro6paTHM. (C6H Y, X, 9, CepcK o.) _
TaKHBa IOHaUH ce 6opHT C xaJIH H rH H3.ZlBHBaT. IlOHBHJia ce JiaMH
,nHna TPH
~,Tpoernaaa, mecT oKpH na, .naaHa,neceTonamaTa", KOHTO e aaaap
rpa.na H fJI'bTH a~
nJiaHH HH, TpH KJIHc ypH, pa3ce JIHJia e ,l(eBeT cena H TPH
Jia e .neaeT caaT6H. Ho 10HaK'bT H3Jie3HaJI Hacpe ma if, 6opHJ
I ce c HeH
H H y6HJI, Ta H3Ba,ztHJI .i:{e~eT CBaT6H. (MHJI .. N2 59, 142, 145.)
3MeHT rpa6H aJI uapcK aTa ,n1>mepH, HO CHH if 6HJI IOHaK. Toif CJIHsa
.IJ.o~epH.
B AOJIHHH CB.SIT, _HaMHpa 3MeH, y6HB.a ro H OTHeMa uapcK aTa
{flpHK a3Ka, C6HY , III. 220.)
·
e.
lOHaUHTe ce 6opHT H 6HHT C'bC caMOBHJIHTe H caMO.Z{HBHT
P a 6 p o 10 H a K cpemt taJI caMO.IJ.HBa H TH HCKana .u.a ro y6He;
rH JIOBHJI
KaTo XB'bpJIHJia B'bpx y MY CBOH'_I'e CTpeJIH 6e3 ycnex ,3amo To TOH
(C6H Y,
c P1>UeTe CH H rH JIOMHJI; ttaH-n ocne H norsa -H H rio6eJK.u.asa.
III, 5.)
246 J].HMHT1'P MAPHHOB

llpyr 10HaK OTHW'bJI npH neT cecTpH caMO,ll,HBH H rH no6e.>K,ZJ.aBa.

(C6HY, V, 134.) -.
Pa,ll,a HMaJia ,lJ,eTe, KoeTo 6HJIO 10HaK. CTaHa caMOBHJia 6H,Jia aapo-
6HJia po6~, TO OTHWJIO, . H3CTiffH3JIO SI, c6opHJIH ce H TO y6HJIO caMo-
BHJiaTa, Ta OCBOOO,ll,HJIO 'po6eTO. (AT. 11JI., .N2 .276.)
. 11Ma MHoro ,ll,pyrH necHH H . npHK33KH, B KOHTO ce pa3K33Ba It
H3JiaraT CBp'bX'lJOBeWKHTe IlO,ll,BH3H Ha THH H3WH IOH3UH,
TaKHBa IOH3UH cnope,ll, 6a6a B'bJIKaHa TieHOBHUa, c. JlHTaKOBO,
6a6a Mopq>a, c .' L(epeKbOH, 6a6a L(olia YayH-HHKOJIOBa, c. lllH_n Ka,
6a6a MoMa CTeq>aHHUa, c. To.zuoauH, 6a6a Kepa )KeJIHs~oaa, c. Ba-
JIBaH H ,ll,p. - BCSIKora ca po,ll.eHH c JIHq6a, pa>K,lJ,aJIH ce H.HKora, na
H ,lJ,HecKa ce pa>K,ll.aT, HO MHOfO p.SI,ll.KO, 3aW.OTO ,,cBeT'bT ce MHOfO H36e-
3aKOHHJI", Ka3Ba 6a6a To,ll.opa n. XpHCTOBa,. c. J1HT3KOBO.
,,T3KHB3 IOH3UH e HMaJIO H Me>K,ll,y HallUt.Te BOHBO)J.H - Ka3Ba C'b•
W.3T3 6a6a To,ll.opa - THX KYPIIIYM He JIOBHJI."
TaKaB3 BHp3 6eIIIe pa3npocTpaHeHa Me>K.ll.Y 6'bJir3pCKoTo Hace-
JieHHe H TypcKHTe BJiaCTH 33 <l>HJIHil3 TOTH BOHBO,lJ,3: TOH HMaJI 6HJJ
KpHJie H KypIIIyM ro He xaaw.aJI.
••
H) C T a. p e u, 6 a 6 H q K a
. KoraTO llOBeK npeMHHe B npeKJIOHHa B'b3pacT t
aapO,ll.HaTa BHpa ro o6JIH'la a HHKaKB3 HenpHKOCHOBeHOCT.- Torasa
M'h>K'bT e cTapeu, ·a >KeHaTa cTapHua - 6a6Ht1Ka, 6a6a.
CTapeU'hT H 6a6H'IKaTa MHOfO 3HaHT, OTTaMO e H B'b3pe'IHUaTa:
,,BceKH CTapeU-3HaJieU, H :PC.HKa 6a6a - ap3q", T. e. 3HaHT .ua pa3-
Ka3B3T, · ,lJ,3 noyqaaaT, .u.a JieKyBaT, .u.a pasra.u.aaaT C'hHHW.a H .u.p. 11Ma
nOCJIOBHUa ,,He CJIYW3H CTapo, 3 naTHJIO", KOSITO ce CTpeMH .u.a OMaJIO-
Ba>KH 3Ha'leHHeTo Ha CTapeu3, HO Ta..H nbcJIOBHUa ce ,lJ,OKOCBa caMO ,lJ,0
OT,lJ,eJIHH H3KJIIOllHTeJIHH CJiy'llaH H c1>6ijTH.SI, a o6w.o seMeHo, CTapeU.'hT
H cTapHU3T3 BCHKora ca BH,ne.nH, noae11e npe-rerJIHJIH, Ta H noaeqe
3H3SIT, KOf3TO ,,Il3THJIH.SIT 3H3_e caMO 33 e.u.Ha HJIH ,ll,Be CJIY'lKH".
OITaMO yBa>KeHRe K'bM CT3peu HJIH CTapHua e e)J,HH BH,ll, peJIH•
rHO3HO IlO'lHT3HHe.
Kor3To MHHe CT3peu, BCH'lKH, oco6etto >KeHHTe, aKo ca ce.u.saJIH.
w.e MY CT3H3T Ha KpaKa; aKO BJie3He B Kp'b'IM3 HJIH .u.pyro C'b6paHHe -
BCH'lKH w.e MY CT3H3T H CTOp.SIT M.SICTO; a U'hpKB3 CTapeU'bT w.e 6'b,ll,e Ha-
lleJIO, Ha Il'bpBO MSICTO;, C'bllJ.0 TaKa H Ha TpaneaaTa. HHKOra, KOf8TO
CeJISIHHTe ce ynpaBJISIB3JIH OT CBOSI cmapet1.tuuHa, TOH CTapeHWHHa ce
H36HpaJI OT CTapu1ne B CeJIOTO HOT non3. 3a BCHllKO, KOeTo HMaJIO ,ll,3 ce
HpHC'b>K,lJ,3 B CeJIOTO, 6HJIO CJIYIIKa OT rpa>K,ZX8HCKH HJIH yrnaBeH xa-
p3KTep - npHC'b>K,lJ,aJio ce OT ceJICKHTe CTapuH. CTapeHWHHaTa, no-
IT'bT H ceJI.SIHHTe CTapuH ca .6HJIH ceJICK3Ta BJiaCT.
CTapeU'bT e 6Hn Ha11aJIHHK Ha 3a.u.pyraTa. CTapeU'bT npH oTc'bcT-
BHe Ha caew.eHHKa e npeKa,ll,.SIBaJI TpanesaTa, c H3KJ11011eHHe Ha cJJyqaH,
KoraTo TOBa e B'bpWHJia 6a6H11KaTa.
HAPOJ].HA BJlPA 247
IlpH BCHIIKO TOBa o(faqe HMa o6peAH a o6Hqaa, B KOHTO CTapeu
H cTap11ua He MoraT ,IJ.a 3eMaT y11acTHe. Hap oAHOTo BHpBaHe rH H3KJIJO-
qHJIO, s am,OTO 6HJIO JIOillO 3a K'bI.UaTa , 3a qeJUJATa, ·a THH o6peAH .rH
B'bpwaT nO-MJiaAHTe.
,,CTapeI.t'bT CTaBa )l.eTe" -ce Ka3Ba H BHpBa ce, qe CTapeI.t'bT AOCTH-
ra npeAeJI, Koraro TOH CTaBa Il'bJIHO ,neTe, HHIUO He 3Hae, HHW.0 He
IlOMHH, a H nJiaqe KaTO ,n.eTe.
na ca y6HBaHH CTapI.tH HJIH 6a6HqKH B Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe HHMa
HHK8KBH CJie,nH.
f JI a Ba BTOpa
llOHf !THfJ H Bf!PB AHH. f/
3A HEBH P,HM Hf/ CBf/T

BHpaTa HapO,l(Ha yqH, qe HMa HeBH.l(It:M . CBHT:

HeBH,l(HM H C'bllI,eC'(B a, CBp'bxecT eCTBeHH, KOHT0 ynpaBJIH BaT BH,l(HMHH
CBHT H KOHTO ce pa3nope:> K,l(aT C'hC C'b,l(6aTa H }KHBOTa Ha qoBeKa,
c HMoi'a MY H c macrHeTo MY.
THH C'hllJ,ecTB a cnope.l{ o6pa3a, KaKTO rH p11cyaa Hapo.l(Ha Ta BHpa,
crrope,l( KaqecTBa Ta H CBOHCTBa Ta, KOHTO HM ,l(aBa Ta.SI BHpa, TpH6Ba
,l(a 60.l{aT pa3,l(eJieH H Ha cJie.l{HHTe qerHpH rpynu:
B no'pBa rpyna BJIH38T BcHqKHTe C'bllI,eCTBa, KOHTO no CBOeTo
JJPOH3XO }K,l(aHe H KaqecTBa ca BCHqKH OO}KeCTB eHH C'hllJ,eCTBa, KOHTO
MOraT H ca TI'hJIHH pa3nope,l( HTeJIH C BH,l(HMHH CBHT.
BoB BTOpa rpyrra BJIH3aT OHH.H HeBH,l(HM H _C'bllJ,eCTBa, KOHTO, Ma-
Kap H ,l(a ca CBpoxecT eCTBeHH, o6aqe H.HMaT OO}KeCK0 npoH3X0}K ,l(eHHe H
HMaT a ce6e KOH noaeqe, KOH IIO-MaJIKO H.HKOH qeJIQBeqe cKH CBOHCTBa .
B TpeTa rpyrra BJIH3aT omrn HeBH,l(HM H C'hllJ,ecTBa, l}OHTO como ca
CBpoxecTe CTBem-1, HO ce HaMHpaT B IlOCTO.HHHO C'hilpHKOC HOBeHHe C qo-
BeKa H npHTe:>Ka BaT l\lHOfO OT qoBeruKH Te KaqecTBa H CBOHCTBa , .l(OpH
BJIH3aT H B C'b>KHTe~CTBO C qoaeKa.
B qeTB'hpTa rpyrra BJIH3aT OHHH HeBH,l(HM H C'bllJ,eCTBa, KOHTO ca
rrpOH3Jle3 JIH OT qoaeKa, T. e. II'bpB06HT HO ca 6HJIH qoaetr.H, a 0TIIOCJie,
CJie,l( CMopTTa, ca ce npeo6pa3 HJIH Ha C'hUI.eCTBa .l(yXOBHH .
TyK BJIH3aT ome H 0HH.H ~YX0BHH C'bllI,eCTB a, K0MTO ca CTaHaJIH OT
H.HKOH B_ e mecTBa, Harrp. OT rrapif.

IlbPBA f PYfIA

Crrope,l( KaKT0 orrpe.!{eJIH XMe CBOHCTBa Ta Ha HeBH-

.lJ.HMHTe comecrBa OT rropaara rpyrra, ryK me .l{oif.zr.ar cJie,l(HHTe :
1. 6or.
2. AHreJIH.
3. .l{HBOJIH.
4. OpHCHHU H.
5. PycaJIKH .

1. Boe, zocnoa, aflao eocnoa

BoHKaIIIH HHT 06pa3 Ha ,l(.H,l(0 rocrro,l( Hapo,l(Ha Ta
B.Hpa pHcysa KaTb CTapeu c 6.HJia ,l('bJira 6pa,l(a, rrpHJIHqe H B'bB BCHq KO
Ha qoseK. Karo cTapeu ce H HBHBa Ha qoBeUHTe . Hapo.l{Ha Ta BH pa
JiAP OllH A Bf[P A 249
TOH ITOCTOHHHO ce
ro npe,LlCT3BJHIBa KaTo I\IHOfO .lI.06'bp, I\IHOfO 6Jiar ;
e H cnpaae.l{JIJ,fB;
rpH.>KH 33 tJOBeUHTe, 3a THXHOTO .lI.06po. Ho npH Toea
H fH Harpa.>K,LlaBa
KOJIKOTO OOHlla H MHJIBa .lI.06pHTe H npaae.l{HHTe qoneu.11
I,H, KOHTO TOH HH-
3a .l{06pHTe,LleJia, TO.rIKOB·a e CTpo r K'bM JIOlliHTe tJOBeI
3a6paa.H" e IlOCJIO-
Kora He OCTaBH 6e3 HaKa 3aHH e. ,,Bor 3a6aB H, HO He
leJIH 60.>KHeTO
BHUa, C'b3,Lla,LleHa OT BHpa Ta Hapo,LlHa, C KOHTO ce onpe,L
npaBOC'b.Z{He.
Ha 3e1v1HTa H
llH.lI.O rocno .Ll }KHBee Ha He6oT o. Ho HHKo ra e 611JI u
a cu; TOH roe Hay-
Toraa a TOH e HaytJHJI 4eJio aeKa KaK .Lla H3Ka paa xnH6
e .>KeHaTa KaK ,Lla
'tIHJI KaK .Lla ope, ,Lla cee, .Lla Kona e, ){a .>K'bHe; ttaytJ lfJI
H, ITOJICKH H
npe,Lle, ,Lla CHOBe, ,Lla T'hlJe, ,Lla KJia,Lle Of'bH H .LlP- K'blUH
CJIH3 Ha 3eMHTa,
a
)KeHCKH poKO,LleJIHH pa60T H . .H.H.LlO rocnO.lI. H cera
xJion a Ha apaT a-
npeo6 pa3eH Ha CTap eu. ToH .LlOXO.>K,rr.a K'hCHO aeqe pta,
H MOJIH ){a ro rrpH-
Ta H ce noKa 3Ba KaTO lIY.>K.LleHeII,, IT'b:fHHK OT ,LlaJieKO
TOH 6Jiaro cJiaB H,
eMeM aa npett om.ya a. TaH Korn.a, .l{eTo ro npHeM aT,
MHOfO e .Ll06po HH-
a TaH, ,LleTO ro He npHeMaT, TOH npOKJIHHa. ETo 3am.o
B K'bW.aTa HH,
xora .lI.3 He Bpom .aMe, KoraT O .Ll011JI.e HHKOH Il'bTHHK
3a .lI.a npeH om.ya a - Ka3a xa 6a6a llotta Y3yH -HHK OJioa a, c lIIHn Ka,
.LlH.LlO KoJih o )f(eJIH3KOB, c. MorJ IHlll.
.Ll, 33TOBa
. ,,na He caMo aeqep , HO H ,!l,eHeM ,l{OXO.>K.lI.3 .LlH.lI.0 fOCilO
THM H H3rfpaTHM
TpH6 aa BCHKora ,Lla rrocpem.HeM, .lI.3 Haxpa HHI\I, ,na HaroC
Pyca Cnas oBa,
TI'hTHHK, KOHTO HH .LlOH.Lle a K'hlUa Ta" - Ka3a xa 6a6a
o, 6a6a MapH H,
c. KHnHJIOBO, 6a6a llecn a EtthO Ba, c. PeceH , TopH oacK
c. Taop.LlHII.a.
M yKpH OT
llH.LlO rocno.Ll acHqK o BH.LlH, ac11qKo 3Hae. Hm.II.o He MO.>Ke
BCHllKO BH)K).la,
Hero. 3aTOBa HHKOra ,na He npaBH M JIOlllO, 33lUOTO TOH
c . JlnTa KoBo ,
BcHq Ko qye. (Ba6 a EJIKa , c. 4ynp eHe, 6a6a BoJIK aHa,
·
6a6a TOTH 5Ipo_MKaTa, c. KJIHc ypa.)
.MHoro II'hTH,
llH.LlO rocno a e ,no6o p H HH rrpam .a caMo .lI.06po, HO
33 .na HH H3IlH Ta, npam .a HH H JIOlliO. Toii HH npam
.a .TlOI.!10 MHOfO Il'bTH
cT ,npeMe.>K,nHe,
H .lI.a HH HaKa.>Ke 3apa,Ll11 ttam1 ne rpexo ae; npam .a ~H 60.TJe
.na ce C'bp).lHM Ha
CHPOl\lannrn HJIH .Llpyr a 6e,na. 3aTO Ba HHKOra He TpH6 aa
1lHec1rn e .rmmo ,
-6 ora, a BCHtJKo .Lla npHe.MaMe c Topnem-1e H pa.LlOCT.
eJI, 6a6a llecn a,
yTpe me 60,ne .Ll06pe. (Ba6 a ITeHa XpHc Toaa l c. CTy6
-e. PeceH, TopH oBcK o, 6a6a llecn a, c. 1lepervrax:1e, Ko3'h Jiara qKo.)
laT ,Lla opu-
llH.LlO rocrro.Ll 3anoBH.LlBa Ha opHCHHUHTe; ITpe.LlH .Lla OTH.L
Ha He6eTo. Ho· Ha-
caT HHKoe .l{eTe, Te OTHBaT ,Lla ro ITHTaT. Toft )KHBee
po,nH aTa BHpa pa3K 33Ba, qe TOi'( .>KHBee IlOHH Kora H TaT'b K Ha I<patt
MO)Ke ,Lla ce OTH.l{e
3eMHTa, .LleTO He6o 'ro H 3eMHTa ce .LlOITHpaT II bT,LleTo
lJOBeK .na OTH.l{e
Ha He6oTo. TaMo , B TOBa fOJIHMO .>KHJIHlUe MO.>Ke
npH 6ora.
6e.neH qoae K
ITpHK a3KaT a 3a 6e,LlHHH qoae K pa3K 33Ba KaK . TOH
,Lla HMa Ha TOH
TporH aJI H OTHlli'hJI npH 6ora, 3a .na ro mna 3am.o
o TerJio H CHpo -
CBHT e.l{HH xopa MHOfO 6oraT H, :a .LlPYfH ,Lla Ter JI.HT qepH
My, Ho,na 6eJie-
Manu rn. focno .Ll ro npHeJI H MY Ka3aJI ,Lla npecr rH y .LlOMa
KaTo npoc T CeJHI-
)KH BCHqKo, ll.J,O BHJ{H . CyTp HHTa CTaHaJI JVl.l{O fOCilO.Ll H
e ,l(OWJIH OpHC HHU,H Te
HHH 3M MOTH KaTa H OTHIII'bJI ,Lla•Ko nae; B TOBa BpeM
250 11.HMHT'bP MA'PHHOB

H ro nHTaJIH KaKB0 ,lJ.a opHcaT cera poJJ.eHHTe JJ.eua. Toii HM Ka3aJI:

,,KaKBOTo Me BH,lJ.HTe", T. e. -opHcaJIH rH JJ.8 pa6oTSIT. OKOJIO o6e.D. JJ.SIJJ.O
rocno,lJ. ce o6JIHK'bJI B rpa)K.ZJ.aHCKH ,lI.pexH H noqHaJI JJ.8 wHe, JJ.a KoBe, JJ.a
JJ.HJia H np. ,UowJIH naK opHCHHUHTe H ro TIOTIHTaJIH K8KBO JJ.8 opHcaT ce-
ra .neuaTa. Toil naK HM peK'bJI: ,,KaKBOTo Me cera BH,lJ.HTe", T. e. naK pa-
6oTa H TPY.ll.- Be11epTa ceJIHHHH'bT BH,ll.HJI .lJ.H.lJ.0 rocno,lJ. npeMeHeH, Hancp-
peH, HaKHTeH H ce,ll.HaJI ,ll.a Be11epH; npe,ll. Hero TpaneaaTa c MHoro H xy-
6aBH ro36JL B TOBa BpeMe ,ll.OlllJUI naK opHCHHUHTe H ro nonHTaJIH KaKBO
cera ,ll.a opHcaT ,ll.eUaTa. Tofl naK HM oTroaopHJI: ,,Ka:R.BOTO Me BH,ll.HTe'\
T. e. H306HJIHe, paxaTJI'bK. 11 TaKa 1n1a oplicaHH ,ll.8 pa60TSIT H ,ll.a TerJIHT
CHpoMalllHH; HM a ,ll.a pa6oTHT H no.:.aaM0}KHH, a HMa, K0HT0 He pa6oTHT
H BCHllK0 B H300HJIHe. ,,BH,lJ.H JIH - peK'bJI ,lJ.H,lJ.0 rocn0JJ. Ha CeJI.SIHHHa-
KaK aa He 6Hx BCHKora e.n.Ho? TaKa H xopaTa He MoraT )I.a 60.ZJ.aT e,lJ.HO.
11.n.H CH y ,lJ.0Ma, na paooTH .H TPY.l1.H H M0JIH 6ora ,lJ.a TH ,naaa 3,npaae, ,lJ.a
TH e a.npaBa qeJIH,n, na noBeqe He TH TpH6sa." (Ba6a EJIKa, c. 4ynpeHe.
ComaTa npHK83Ka cJiylllaHa OT 6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKOBO H OT 6a6a
Ma pH.SI, c. TOJJ.IOBU.H. Cpa. C6HY, XII, 165, BeJiec.)
2. AHU/lti

Hapo,nHaTa BHpa npe,ll.CTaBJIHBa aHreJIHTe KaT0

MJia,ll.lf MOMUH, MHOro xy6aBH H KpaCHBH, o6JieqeHH B 6eJIH Il03JiaTeHH
pH3H, C ,ll.'bJlfH PYCH KOCH H C KpHJie . H_a paMeHeTe.
Te ca cJiyrH Ha 6ora H HenpecTaHH0 ca oKoJio Hero.focno,ll. rH
npama H8BCHK'b]I.e C nop'b'IKH .na o6a}K,n8T HJIH .na B'bplllaT Hew.o.
AttreJIHTe ca 6e36poflao MHOfO. Te H3II'bJIBaT UeJIHH CBSIT' HMa rH
H8BCHK'b.ZJ.e. KoJIKOTO qoBeUH HM8 Ha 3eMHTa H KOJIKO }KHBOTHH - TOJI-
KOBa ca H 8HfeJIHTe.
' BceKH IIOBeK HMa H CBOH aHreJI; TOH aHreJI ce Ka3B8 aHreJI-xpaHH~
TeJI, aHreJI-nasHTeJI. (Ba6a To,ll.opa n. XpHCTOBa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a
.llecna, c. PeceH.)- To.SI aHreJI ,lJ.OX011<,lJ.a npH ~oBeKa,- Ill.OM ce pOJJ.H, H
He0TJI'bllHO e npH Hero, ,ll.O,ll.eTO yMpe. TOH aHreJI OTHBa Il0CJie C .ll.Y·
waTa Ha qoneKa H Ha OHH CB.HT, ,ll.0.21.eTO TH BJiesHe HJIH B paH, HJIH B
Il'bK'bJia. TOH aHreJI He caMO na3H qoBeKa OT npeMe}K)J.HH H OT 6e;(H,
HO yn'hTBa ro ,na npaBH ,ll.06po H 0TBp'blll.8 ro OT 3JIO. TOSI aHreJI 38IlHCBa
BCHllKH ,neJia Ha 11oaeKa: ,no6pH H 3JIH, H nocJie,' KoraTo JJ.ywilTa H,ll.e npe.n
6ora, TOH e CBH,neTeJI H pa3K83B8 38 BCHXIKO, mo e pa6oTHJI 'I0BeK npes
}KHB0T8 CH. .
TOSI aHreJI TI0CT0.SIHH0 ce 6opH C JJ.BBOJia, 38 ,ll.a 38Il83H 'I0BeKa
OT 3JIO, OT 6e,na, OT rpHx; H aKo TOH H8,ll.BHe, ToraBa qoseK He caMO
.Z{06pyBa Ha TOH CB.HT' HO ome:e H npaBe,ll.eH, 38W.0T0 e aanaseH OT JIO-
WH pa6oTH. 3a TaK'hB qoseK Ka3BaT ,,CHJieH e aHreJI'bT My". (Ba6a T <;>·
AOpa n. XpHcToBa, c. JlHTaKoso, 6a6a MoMa, c. To,n10BU.H.)
AHfeJI'bT CTOH HeOTJI1,qHo Ha )1..SICHOT0 paM0 Ha qoBeKa H IlOCTOHH•
HO MY wenHe H H8Il'bTCTByBa Ha ,ll.06po. 11 HHe BCeKH 'lac qyeM KaTO qe
HSIKOH HH fOBOpH: TOBa e aHfeJI'bT, KOHTO HH menHe. 11 JJ.HBOJl'bT HH men ..
He, HO TOA HH HaKJI8HH Ha 3JI0.
H A P .0 JJ. H A B JI P A 251
KoraTO CTOpHM H~III.O .zr.o6po - aHreJI'bT ce pa.n.Ba, a KoraTO CTO-
PHM 3JJO, TOH CKnp6H H nna11e.
HMa H .zr.pyrH aHreJIH, KOHTO ca npH 6ora H MY cnyryBaT. I1Ma
8HfeJIH, KOHTO CTOSIT B MHTapCTBaTa. J1Ma aHreJI, KOHTO caMO B3,ll.H
.n.ywHTe Ha qoseu.HTe. TOSI aHreJI HapO)J.HaTa BHpa H830BaBa CB . .PaH-
ren HJJH AHreJJ MHXaHJI, KOHTO ce K33Ba ome H ayiuoeaaHuK.
(Ba6a To.zr.opa n. XpHcToBa, c. JlHTaKoao, 6a6a Bnp6a f11Heaa,.
c. PeceH, TnpHoBcKo.) -

3. j},JUJOll, ZJUJO/l

D.HBOJI'bT B Hapo.n.HaTa BHpa HMa RSIKOJIKO HMeHa,.

KOHTO O3HaqaBaT H HSIKOJIKO BH)la )J.SIBOJIH: He'l.ecmueuJlm, epaz,.
K'6CURm, eiJHOKpaKuRm, camaHa, epaH, aHmuxpucm, mapmop.
H e q e c T H B H SI T ce cpema B pa3roaopa: ,,HetieCTHBHflT ro
Ha,ll.'bXaJI" - 33 'IOBeK, KOHTO e o6eayMHJI' KOHTO e IIOJIY.ZJ.SIJI; C TOBa
Hapo.u.HaTa BHpa coqH, qe llOBeK IIOJIY)I.HBa caMO KOraTO BJie3He B Hero
,n.HBOJJ'bT, Ta MY 3HMa pa3yMa. (Ba6a To.n.opa n. XpHcToBa, c. JlHTaKoao,.
• 6a6a Bnp6a fHtteaa, 11epKOBHaTa 6a6a, c. PeceH.) .
B p a r e )J.SIBOJ'I'bT, KOHTO rrpHIIHHSIBa 6oJieCTH Ha 'IOBeUHTe:
,JJ.HrHaJia ce T8MO HeMy CH ,(T. e. Ha )J.SIBOJia) Bpara Ha ryrnaTa" HJIH Ha
,n.pyro HSIKOe MHCTO no TSIJIOTO, B KOeTO Hapo)J.HaTa BHpa IIOCOlJBa HH-
KOSI Jiollla 6oJiecT: aa.;zaK, 11.epeeHKa, eyw,ep H np. (Ba6a BH.n.a,.
c. CTaKhOBII.H, 6a6a IleHa XpHcToaa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a BnJIKaiia, c. JlH-
TaKoao.) ·
K 'b C H SIT, . TOBa e )J.SIBOJI, KOfOTO Hapo.n.HaTa BHpa npe.n.cTa-
BJISIBa C .ztBa KpaKa, OT KOHTO e)J.HHHSIT KpaK e MHOfO K'bC, a JJ.PYfH.HT
,zt'bJI'br, Ta KoraTo XOJJ.H, TOH Kyu.a. Toii ce Ka3Ba ow.e H KYl{URm.
(Ba6a B'bJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a Caaa, c. BHJia CJiaTHHa.) ,,.IT.a Te
aeMe K'bCHHT" -,- ce ynoTpe6HBa B pa3roaopa.
/
E ,zt. HO K p a K' H .ff T e )J.SIBOJI, KOfOTO Hapo)J.HOTO BSlpBaHe rrpe)J.-·
CT3BJIS1Ba C e)J.HH KpaK; TOH )J.SIBOJI cnope)J. BHpaTa Hapo)J.Ha e Haii-ona-
CHHSIT '3 a qoaeKa, 33III.OTO, MaKap H C e)J.HH KpaK, HO npH'IHH5iBa Haii-
roJieMHTe 3JIHHH H naKOCTH. (B·a6a BnJIKaHa IleHOBHII.a, c. J1HT3KOBO,
6a6a -Cn6a Boiiqeaa, c. JI.ecHJJ.peH;) ·
,JI.a Te 3eMe e)J.HOKp~KHSIT" HJIH ,,E)J.HOKpaKIUIT ce OB'bpTSIJJ OKOJIO
Te~,11:.- aMa w.e Te oTBe)le Ha 6 ecHJIKaTa" - ce cn ywa 11ecTo a pa3ro-
Bopa 33 OHHSI 'llOBeUH, , KOHTO ca naKOCTHHUH.
C a Ta H a e )J.SIBOJI, KOHTO ce B'bpTH OKOJIO 'IOBeKa H ro .H3KJia-
. Hfl K'bM 3JIH p~60TH,HO noBeqe .Z(yweBHH rrpeCT'bTIJieHHSI: 6ny.zr.,npe.n.aTen-
CTBO, KJieBe'l'a, Jl'b)KeCBH)J.eTeJJCTBO, IlHSIHCTBO, H3e)J.HHqecTBO, >KeCTOKO-
C'bp.Z(He H np. (Baoa. To.zr.opa n. XpHcToBa, c. JlHTaKoBo, 6a6a BnptSa
rHHeBa, C. PeceH.)
B paaroBopa ce cnyma: ,,ocoTOHHJI ro caTaHa", T. e. npeJI'bCTHJI
ro, H3 M~MHJI ro - 3a qoaeKa, KOH!O ce xaaHaJI B 6JiyJJ., Kpa>K6a; ocomo-
HeH ce K33B8 38 qoaeK, 3aKopeH~JI npeCT'bilHHK HJIH KOHTO ce npe.zr.aJJ
252 P.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

Ha mrnHCTBO, Ha rpa6e.>K, H3e,l(HHlleCTB0, [nocHra Ha] CHp0THHCKH

IIM0T; KOHTO KJieBeTH HJIH e HeMHJIOCTHB.(6a6a To)lopa n. XpHCTOBa,
c. Jh1TaK0B0.)
B p a H e ,ll.HB0JI, KOHTO ce BopTH 0KOJIO ..u.euaTa H HM npHqHHHBa
ypoKH. Tofr ce cnoMHH caMo Kora10 ce 6,ae cpemy ypoKH:

BpaH cpop11H no He6oro,

6paH ce.nw Ha KOMHHH ,
BpaHH JJ.yrna H TeJio ...
na6a BnJIKaHa, c. J1HT3KOBO. Cps. C6HY, V, 116
TyK ..u.yMaTa apaH o3tta11aaa ,L(HBOJI, a 6paH - aHre.ri. BpaH
3H311H _ qepeH, JI0W.
A HT H p H C (a HT Ji X p H CT) e ,L(HBOJI, KOHTO e roJieMel.( H
aofrno.na Ha ,nHBOJIHTe. (6~6a To.nopa, c. JhfTaKoao, 6a6a Bop6a,
c.PeceH.) To11 cera ea a.na, HO me .noilne HHKora Ha 3eMJrnTa H me 3aBJia-
' ,,OcTaBH ro; He BH,ll.HW
,[lee 1..1,eJIHH CBHT. Toraaa npaBe)lHH HHMa .u.a HMa.
Jl}i ro, CTaHaJI UH.JI aHTHpHC" - ce Ka3Ba 38 CbBCeM JIOlll qoeeK.
T a p r o p. Hapo)lHara BHpa ro npe,ncTaBJIHBa Karo uap Ha .l(H•
BOJIUTe. Toil .tKHBee B a)la H OTTaM0 )laBa 3anoBe)l Ha BCHllKH )VIBOJIH.
(6a6a To)lopa, c. J1HTaKoa·o, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH.).
8bHK3WHHH o6pa3 Ha )lHBOJia HapO.U.HOTO BHpBaHe npe,ncTaBmrna
Karo MHQfO rpo3eH: HH l!OBeK, HH )KHB0TH0; ,ll.HBOJibT e l!bpH KaT0 apa-
mrn; HMa por1-1 H onawKa Karo Ha rrpol!; HMa KpHJie Karo aHre.ri; miue-
ro MY e Karo Ha npbtI HJIH roee)lo. KpaKaTa MY ca Karo Ha Kyqe,
a pouere MY ca Karo KpaKara Ha KOTKa. (6a6a To.nopa n. Xp11croaa,
c . .TlHTaKoBo, 6a6a Bbp6a f1-1Heea, qepKOBHaTa 6a6a, c. PeceH, TopHoe-
cKo, 6a6a Mol\rn, c. To,ruoau1-1, EJieHcKo.) T1-1H BHpBaHHH Ha ropmiTe 6a-
6u me ca noqepnaHH or qepKOBHH.Te H3o6pa:>KeHHH, .nero ,nHBOJibT ce
pHcyea TbKMO raKbB. 6a6a .Uecna, c . .UepeMaxJie, Ko3bJiaratIKO, 6a6a
TieHa XpHcToBa, c. Cry6~JI, KyrJioscKo H 6a6a EJIKa, c. llynpette, 6e-
JiorpaJI.tIHWKO pHcyBaT ,!l;HBOJia caMO l!bpH Karo apanHH, MHOro rposeH, C
orrawKa H c KpHne .
.[(HBOJibT Haf1-Hanpe.n e 6HJI aHreJI, HO ornoc.1e 3a HenoKopcr-
aoro CH KbM 6ora cTaHaJI )lHBOJI. (6a(5a 8'bp6a fHHesa, .c. PeceH, 6a6a
To,ll;opa n. XpHcrosa, c. J1HraKoBo.)
KoJIKOTO aHreJIH HMa Ha CBeTa, TOJIKOBa HMa H ,L(HBOJIH.
Koraro rocno,L( H3nparH aHreJI npH Hoeopo.neHoro ,L(eTe sa xpaHH·
TeJI H na3HTeJI, npama H TapT0p'bT CBOH .l{HB0JI npH T0Ba ,neTe ,L(a MY
6'b,L(e naKocTHHK . .Uo,uero attreJJ'hT rne.na ..u.a 3ana3H qoseKa oT 3JI0,
OT npeMe:>K,ll.HH H 6e,ll.H H OT rpexoee, TO ,ll.HBOJlbT rne.na npoTHBHOT0 -
,L(a naKoCTH Ha qoaeKa, .na ro BKapa B npeMe)K.l{HSI, B 6e.nH a Hanac-
TH J,[ rpexose. OTT3MO Me.>K,ll.Y aHrena-xpaHHTeJI H ,ll.HBOJia-naK0CTHHK
ce BO!lH HenpeK'bCHara 6op6a. AKo no6e.l(H aHreJI'bT, ll0BeK'bT e cna-
ceH; aKo JIM no6e..u.n ,AHB0JibT, qoaeK'bT e na,l(HaJI JI anoqecr. 3a nopBm1
 HAPOJiHA Bf[PA 253
cJiyqaif c.e Ka3Ba ,,aHreJioT MY e CHJieH, a )J.HBOJl'bT CJia6"' a 38 BTO-
pHH ,,aHreJI'bT MY e CJia6, a )J.HBOJI'bT CHJieH".
AKO )J.HB0JI'bT Ha e)J.HH '10BeK H3Jle3He IlO-CHJleH, TOH qoaeK npa-
BH JIOillH pa6on1..: Kpa)J.e,..y6HBa,naJ1H H BbplllH JJ.pyrH Te.>KKH npecT'bnJie-·
HHH, )J.0)J.eTo HaH-HaKpaH ro )J.0Be)J,e )J.0 6eCHJIKaTa, KaTO Ka.>Ke: ,,KOJIKO·
qHqrra UbPBYJIH CK'hcax, JJ.0JJ.eTo Te JJ.OBe)J.ox JJ.OTyKa." (6a6a En Ka Map-
KOBa, c . liynpeHe, 6a6a Casa HaaHHUa, c . 6.HJia CJiaTHHa, 6a6a B0JI-
Ka1:1a, c. J111TaK0B0, OpxaHHHcKo. Cpa. C6HY, IV, 90, Coq>HHCKo ;
XII, 125, BHTOJICKO.)
HMa xopa, KOHTO ce npe)J.aJIH BCeUHJIO Ha )J.HBOJia. TaKHBa ca:.
MarhOCHHUHTe, BellI.HUHTe, CaM0BHJIHTe, 6po,nHHUHTe. (6a6a TieHa,
c. TpoHOBJlaK, KIOCTeH)J.HJicKo. Cpa. C6HY, X, 137, lUHn.)
.ilHBOJI'bT HMaJI Kana Ha rJiaBaTa CH. AKo qoaeK ycnee JJ.a MY
·seMe KanaTa H H TYPH Ha rnaaaTa CH, TOH cTaaa HeBHJJ.HM. HMaJio e xo-
pa )J.HBOJIHTH, "KOHT0 ca rpa6BaJIH ,ll.HB0JICKOTO KaJinaqe H· ca BoplllHJIH
MHOro )J.HBOJIHH. (6a6a rHua, C. JleTHHUa, Jl0B1IaHCKO, 6a6a Pyca Cna-·
aoaa, c. KHnHJIOBo, EJieHcKo. Cpa. C6HY, XIII, 165, Jloaeq.)
HMa npHKa3Ka: ,,CTaHH Ha )J.HBOJia opTaK, )J.O)J,eTO MHHellJ MOCTa",
KOHTO e CTaHaJia OT Ta.ff CJIYllKa. Be)J.H'b)K e)J,HH ceJIHHHH, KaT0 MHHaBaJI
C TOBapHH KOJia npea e)J,HH M0CT, )J.HBOJI'bT cqynHJI MOCTa H K0JiaTa 3ae)J.-
HO C B0JIOBeTe H CHoneTo II3)J.H3JIH y peKaTa. lioBeK'bT Il03HaJI, qe T0Ba
e OT )J.HBOJla, H CH peK'bJI )J.a ro H3Jl'b)Ke. ,Upyr Il'bT' KoraTO naK 6HJI C
T0BapHH KOJla H TpH6BaJIO e .na MHHe naK MOCTa, TOH H3BHKaJI: ,,,lI.HBO-
Jie, H CbM TBOH H c Te6el" ,lJ.HBOJl'bT, KOHTO 6HJI TaMO H qyJI , He MY Han-
paBHJI HHlll.0 H qoaeK'bT MHHaJI 6J1aronoJiyllHO MOCTa. KaTO MHHaJI M0CTa~
JJ:HBOJl'hT H3Jie3HaJI H Ka3aJl :,,TH CH cera MOH!" ,,E-e-e-peK'bJI ceJIHHH-
H'bT ,-TH CH ,ll.HBOJI,aMa H C'bM no-roJIHM )J.HB0JI . BH)J.Hlll JIH KaK Te H3Ma-
MHXI" H ,n.HBOJl'bT CH oTHilloJI 3acpaMeH. Tosi qoaeK, KaTo 3HaHJ1,11e ,nsiao-
JI'bT ro CJie)J.H, BCHKOra KOraTO me MHHe MOCT HJIH .n.pyro HHKOe 3JI0 H ona-
CH0 MHCT0, Il0BTap.HJI: ,,,lJ.HBOJle! Cera HHMa,na Te H3Jl'b)KeM. 51 CbM 0TCera
TBoif:!" Ho naK ace ce oTKa3BaJI. (Ba6a TieHa PHcToBa, c . CTy6en,
KyTJIOBCKO.)
OT TaH npHKasxa HapoJJ.'hT BaJJ.H TaKoaa J)oyqeHHe. KoraTo qoaeK
cpemHe HHK0H HanacT H Cil'bHKa OT JI0lll qoaeK, KOHTO He MOLKe )J,a OT-
CTpaHH, ToraBa apeMeHHO TpH6Ba )la OTCT'bilH,)J.O,ll.eT0 MHHe 3JIOTO H CTT'bH-
KaTa. (6a6a CToHHa Ilaanoaa, c. KHe.>Ka, 6a6a TieTKOBHUa, c. OcHKoao,
BpaqaHCKO.)
B npHK33KHTe ce CTIOMHHH, qe )J.HBOJl'bT HMaJI .>KeHa - )lHBOJIKa, H
)l'hlll.epH. (C6HY, VIII, 162, JiepHHCKo; 6a6a IleHa XpHcToaa,
c. CTy6en, KyTnoacKo.)

4. OpuCHUU,U
OpHCHHUHTe, K0HT0 HOCHT pa3 JIH'tIHH H33BaHHH,
Hapo)lHOTO BHpBaHe e o6JIHKJIO a CBp'bxecTeCTBeHa 0,ll.e:>K:)J.a H YlI H,
qe Te ca CBp'bxecTeCTBeHH C'blll.eCTBa,6JIH3KH }1..0 6ora, K0HT0 }J..eHCTBy BaT
254 tiHMHT1'P MAPHHOB

no yKa3aHHHTa Ha 6ora. Ho C THH opHCHHUH HMa HBReHHH B >KHBOTa

aa IIOBeKa, KOHTO HapO.l(H0T0 BHpBaHe TbRKyBa, qe Te ca CJie.l(CTBHe OT
OpHcaHOTO Ha THH 0pHCHHUH, cne.noaaTMHO CT0HT B THCHa CBp1>3Ka C
THX. ETo aamo THH HBJieHHH HHe TYPHMe B OT)I.ena Ha opHCHHUHTe.
·Cnope,n TOBa BHpBa}le 3a OpHCHHUHTe H aa HBReHHHTa TOH 0T.l(eJI m.e
-00.ne paa,neJieH no TOH HaqHH.

a) 0 pH CH HUH

OpHC,H HUHTe HOCHT HHKORKO H33B_aHHH: O,DUCH.Ul{U

(3ana,nHa -BoJirapHH), p-'i!'leHUl{U (.UynHHillKO), 11.apettHUl{U (Benec),
xap7''lftUl{U (OxpH,n.).
HMeTO HM npoH3XO}K.I(a OT 3B8HHeTO HM, opuceam, H.ap7'"8am,
xapu'l8am . . .
H Ba BoHKalllHO KaT0 MOMH HRH
Hapo,n.HOTO BHpBaHe rH npe,n.cTaBJI_
.JKeHH; Te Ha 6poii ca TPH, OT KOHTO e,n.HaTa HaH-CTapa, HO He no-cTapa
oT 30-·35..lr. , ,n.pyraTaecpe,n.Ha- oT 25-30 r., a TpeTaTa e HaH-MJia-
..na - 18-20 r. (6a6a CToeHHUa, c . BaJIBaHUH.} Taff 6a6a paaKaaaa, qe
KaTO 6a6yaa, cJiytrnaJIO ce, Ta HJIH TH caMa, HRH HHKOH OT po,nHTeJIKH-
Te ca BH.>K,Il.3JIH Ha C'bH TPHTe opHCHHU.H, KoraTO ca H.l(BaRH .na HapH-
qaT, ,n.opH H qyJIH KaKBO ca opHcaJIH ,n.eTeTo. I-fHe H3RaraMe no-,n.oRy
HeHHHH paaaKa3.
Te ca TPH cecTpH H aeqHo .>KHBeHT. )KHJIHIII.eTO HM e Ha Kpaii CB.HT.
IlpH Hae H,n.BaT caMo Toraaa, KoraTo ce po,n.H ,neTe.
Te ,II.OXO}K.I(aT npH HOBopo,n.eHOTO )I.eTe TpeTaTa aeqep H npOH3Ha-
CHT CBOeTo HapHqaHe.
ITpe,nH o6aqe .n.a Ka.>KaT CBOHTa ,n.yMa, Te OTHBaT npH 6ora H ro
IlHTaT Ka·K .n.a opHCaT Ho;sopo,n.eHOTO ,n.ere, T. e. OTpe}K.I(aT C'b.l(6aTa My.
Hapo,n.HOTO BHpBaHe TBop,II.H, qe rocno.n. BCeKH ,n.eH ce HaMHpa B
TPH HMOTHH C'bCTOHHHH. 9YTPHH e pa60THHK B noJieTO, no o6H.IJ. e pa-
OOTHHK a JJ.YKHHa, a aeqep OTnoqHBa H TOraBa H,n.e H nHe H e ,n.o6pe
o6JietieH. ITopa,n.H TOBa, KoraTO ce po,n.H .IJ.eTe H Ha TpeTaTa HOW. TpH6Ba
..l{a 60,n.e opHcaHo, Te OTHBaT npH 6ora H ro nHTaT KaK .l{a HapeKaT .l{e-
TeTO, a TOH HM Ka.>Ke ,,KaKBOTo C'bM aa cera". ·OTTaMo HM a TPH cn,n.6H
:HJIH TPH KoCMeTa: 6oraT KoCMe1', cpe,n.eH K'bCMeT ,- CHpoMaWKH K'bCMeT.
H T'bH opHcBaT. H noBeqe OT opHcaHoTo He Mo.>Ke. (B11<. no-rope
npHKa3KaTa, cTp. 249-250. Cps. C6HY, XII, 165, BeJiec.)
l\aTO .l{OH,Il.3T npH ,n.eTeTO, 33CTaBaT H TpHTe npH rJiaBaTa Ha ,l{eTe-
TO .H noqHaT HapHqaHeTQ. III.e Hapeqe Haii-Hanpe,n. HaH-MJia,n.aTa, noc-
Jie cpe,n.HaTa, a Haii-ceTHe Haii-cTapaTa. TH aJIH me npHeMe HapeqeHoTo·
Ha .l{pyruTe ){Be, HJIH me Ka11<e CoB'bplIIeHO .IJ.pyro. H HapI-P-laHeTO Ha HaH-
CTapaTa npeo,n.oJIHBa H TO ce 3anucea. 3anucea ce aapeqeHoTo Ha rJia-
BaTa, Ha JI06a Ha rJiaBaTa. HanHcaHOTO He ce H3MeHHBa B HHU\O H OT
HHKoro. ETo 3am.o B roeopa -ce Kassa: ,,TaKa MY e nHcaHo", ,,TaKa MY
e .npacHaTo", a om.e H ,,Taxaea e opuceHTa".
ByKBHTe Ha opHCHHUHTe ce BH.>K,n.aT Ha JI06a; Te ca .npaCKH Me>K-
 HA POII HA Bf{PA 255
JJ.Y K0CTHTe, HO HHK0H He M0.>Ke .n.a rH Il03Hae, He M0}Ke ,na fH qeTe.
(6a6a Caaa HaaHHUa, c. BHJia CJiaTHHa, 6a6a CToem1ua,c. BanaaHUH.
T opHOBCKO, 6a6a Mopq>a, c. ,UepeKbOH, Ko3'bJiaraqKo, 6a6a ITeHa PH·
CT0Ba, c. CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKO, 6a6a .UoHa Y3YH·HHKoJioaa, c. lliHnKa;
oa6a Pyca CJiaaoaa, c. KHm-1Jioao, EJieHcKo. Cps. C6HY, I, 110;
VIII, 189; IX, 131, BeJiec; X, 119, IlpHJierr; XII, 125, 6HTOJICKO,
165, BeJiec; XIII, 137, OxpH.n., 200, fa6poao; XVI-XVII, 177
H ,np.) .
KaKBo w.e 0Tpe.n.stT' T0Ba He M0faT H caMHTe CBeTUH .n.a rrp oMeHHT.
{Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHU.H, T'hpHoBcKo, 6a6a MapH.H, c. To.U.IOBUH,
EneHcKo, 6a6a )KeJI.H Pai:iKoaa, c. Bpecoao, AffTocKo. Cpa. C6HY,X,
147, Ca~OKOBCKO.. )
3a .n.a 60.n.aT nocpew.HaTH opHCHHUHTe c qecT H .na 61>.n.aT 6Jiaro-
pa3nono.>KeHH K'bM .I(ereT0, Hap0.I(H0TO B.HpBaHe e C'b3)J.aJIO lUIJI o6pe.n. H
o6HqaH npH nocpew.aHeTo HM Ha TpeTaTa Beqep OT pa.>K.n.aHeTo Ha .n.eTeTo,
K0HT0 w.e 6'b)J.aT H3JI0.>KeHH npH pa.>K)J.aHeTo.
PerneHHHTa Ha opHCHHU.HTe HHI<OH He M0.>Ke .n.a 3Hae, HHKOH He M0-
JKe .n.a qye; HO KaKT0 B Hap0)J.HHTe YM0TBopemrn, TaKa H npH JIJ{qH0TQ
MH H3CJle)J.BaHe H C'b6HpaHe MaTepHaJIHTe cpem.Hax MHoro npHMepH H
-cJiyqaH, .n.eTo THH perneHH.H ca qyTH OT )(0Mal1IHI-1Te.
ITpH JIHqHQTO MH H3CJle)J.BaHe nocoqHxa MH ce MHOrO cJiyqaH, .n.e-
"T0 TpeTaTa aeqep, KoraTO ca .lI.OX0.>K)J.aJIH opHCHHUHTe, 6.a6aTa (KOH-
T0 6a6yBaJia .n.eTeTo) HJIH MaHKaTa (po,nHTeJIKaTa), HJIH ,npyr H5IKOH
·OT )J.0Mal1IHHTe ca BH.>K)J.aJIH TH.H opHCHHU.H H qYJIH THXHaTa npHco.u.a.
Ba6a Pyca CJiaaoaa, c. KHIIHJIOBO, 6a6a CToemiua, c. BaJIBaHUH,
T'bpHoBcKo, 6a6a Bop6a fHHeaa, c. PeceH, TopHoacKo, 6a6a ll.aHa
TieHbOBHUa, c. lllHrrKa, 6a6a TTeHa Af1-1qeaa, c. Kom-16.HTe, TpoHHCKO.
oa6a Pa.n.a ToHhOBa, c. TopHoBo rrpH CeiiMeH, 6a6a ,Uecnc:!,, c ,llepe-
MaxJ1e, K'h3'bJ1araqKo, 6a6a KaJIHHa, c. no.n.aec, Kaptto6aTcKo, 6a6a
<l>HJ1a, c. 6eJ1HUa, XapMaHJIHHCKo,6a6a MapHH CTOHHOBa,c.ITarnaKbOH,
51M6oJICKO, 6a6a CTO.H CHMOHOBa, c.PycoKacTpo,6a6a KaJIH,c. K'h3'bKJIH-
·ce, K'h3'hJiaraqKo, 6a6a He.n.a, c. Ta6aqKa, PyceHcKo, H ow.e MHoro ·
.JJ.-P • MH noco1rnxa Ha .>KHBH npHMepH, qe ca BH,neJIH opHCHHUHTe Ii qy-
JIH KaKB0 ca roeopHJIH IIOMe)K)J.y CH H KaKB0 ca orceKJIH·0pHCaJIH.
ETo KaKeo MH pa3Ka3a 6a6a CToeHHUa OT c. BaJIBaHU.H:
,,11cKaM .n.a 60.u.a 6y.n.Ha, HO KaT0 )J.OH)J.e TOBa BpeMe .u.a BJie3HaT
-OpHCHHUHTe~ MeHe ce 3aKJIOilHXa oqHTe, Ta TY BH)K)J.aM, TY He BH.>K.lJ.8M,
HJIH BH.>K)J.3M, a He Mora .n.a f0BOpH. By.n.Ha C'hM, HO He Mora .n.a Mp'b,U.-
Ha, H cJ1yrnaM KaKB0 roaop.HT. 8H}K.l(8M HM JIHUero H cera, aKo 0HX
ru cpew.Hana - 6Hx rH no3HaJia. E.n.Ha MJia,na 0K0JI0 18-ro.n.Hrniia, qe-
pHooKa, .l{pyraTa C'bIIJ.0 qepH00Ka Ha 0K0JI0 25-30 r ., a TpeTaTa C'bIIJ.O
·qepH00Ka, HO aeqe 0K0JIO 30-35-ro.l{HllIHa. H TPHTe T'bHKH BHC0KH, 06-
JieqeHH B Harne xy6aBO o6JieKJIO. BJie3Haxa B CTaHTa H3 BpaTaTa, 0TH-
_.I(0Xa npH .l{eTeTo H 3acraHaxa. ,,Xaif.n.e cera - Ka3a Haii-cTapaTa
K'bM .l{pyrHTe - roaoperel" H HaH-MJia.l{aTa noqHa: ,,na 0'h.U.e III.aCTJIH-
.aa, .l{'bJiroeeqHa, .l{a 60.l{e HaH-KpacHBaTa M0Ma, .l{a 3eMe 6oraT :a xy-
256 l(H.MHT1,P MA PH HOB

6aa M'b.>K, .na BH.U.H BHYUH H npaa·Hyn11; mo noxaaHe .na nocpe6pHBa."

Cpe,nHaTa. Ka3a: ,,H a3 ii no)KeJiaBaM Colli.OTO." Haft-cTapaTa MaJIKO
C'bp)(HTO peqe: ,,BHe .u.a.u.oxTe BCHlIKO .u.o6po, Ta He OCTaHa MHC!O 3a
HHK3KBO 3JIO" H MJI'bKHa: nocJie TyTaKCH ce H3ry6uxa M 83 Tpf:nHax,
Ta ce cn6y.u.Hx. l{eTeTo 6erne MOMHtie. 11 TaKa ce co'h,ll.Ha. Mo,,rn11eTo
CTaHa Haff-xy6aaa MOMa H ce O.>KeHH 3a MHOfO }l06op MOM'bK, 3a;,.t0)KeH
H KpaCHB" - CB'bpllIH pa3Ka3a CH 6a6a CToeHHUa.
A TaKHBa C'bllJ.O rope-}lOJIY, C HHKOH H3MeHeHHH, 6Hxa pa3 Ka3HTe
H Ha ,ll.pyrHTe 6a6H.
0THOCHO o6JieKJIOTO 6a61-ITe npoMeHHBaxa q><>pMaTa (HOCHHTa):
BCHKa e BH}lHJia HOCH.SI Ha opHCHHUHTe TaKaBa, KaKBaTO e HOCHHTa Ha
MHCTOTO, HO HaH-KpacHBa. 0THOCHTeJIHO Bb3paCTHTe 6Hxa BCH1IKH
C'hrJiaCHH.
B HapO,ll.HHTe YMOTBopeHH.SI, necHHTe H npHKa3KHTe THH npHMe-
pH OTMHHaJIO apeMeca H306HJIHH. A3 TyKa me npHBe.u.a caMO HHKOJIKO.
I . OpHCHHUHTe, KaTO pernaB8JIH C'b)I.6aTa Ha .neT,eTO - 6HJIO MOM-
qe, Hail-ceTHe oTceKJIH: ,,,UeTeTo .na nopacTe, }la ce o.>KeHH, }la cne11e-
JIH roJI.SIM HMOT H }la 6n.n.e y6HTO OT MaHKa CH." TaKa H CTaHaJIO. MoM-
11eTO OTHllIJIO Ha ne11aJI6a H KaTO cneqeJIHJIO napH, HaKynHJIO OBUH H
0

OBHH H ce B'bpHaJIO y )J.OMa. Ho 3a '.na H3HeHa.n.a MaHKa CH H .>KeHa CH.

TO ce npenpaBHJIO H npeo6JI.SIKJIO. 0THllIJIO y )J.OM8 CH KaTO Il'bTHHK H
cne.n. KaTO Be11ep.SIJIH, JierHaJIO CH .n.a CTIH, KaTO OCTaBHJIO .na ce o6a.n.H
Ha MaiiKa CH cyTpHHTa. Tipe3 Horn.Ta 06a11e MaHKa MY c UeJI .na MY
3eMe napHTe H CTOKaTa OTHBa C'bC CHaxa CH H C e.nHa 6pa.n.aa ro y6H-
Ba. (Cpa. C6HY, IX,63, EneHa; XII, 110, Pa3nor; MHJI . NQ 134. Corn.a
no.no6Ha npHKa3Ka c aapHaUHH MH pa3Ka3axa H 6a6a BoJIKaHa,
c. JI11TaK0B0,0pxaHHHCKO, 6a6a MapHH THTIOBa,c . To.n.10au11,EJieHcKo,
H. 6a6a TieHa HaaHosa, c. CeMHC11e, XacKOBCKo.)
2. Oj)HCHHUH-Te pernHJIH, III.OTO ,neTeTo (1-1 TO 6:0JI0 Mo1111e) .n.a
pacTe H nopacTe 1:1 Ma:iiKa MY .n.a ro O)KeHH. 11 TaH aeqep, KoraTo w.e
ro yae.n.aT B qepTora npH 6yJIKaTa, To .n.a oTH,ne H .na ce y.n.aBH. l1 Ta-
. Ka cTaHaJio. MoM1IeTo pacJio, nopacJio n MaiiKa MY ro o.>KeHHJia. Be:..
11epTa, KoraTO .n.a ro B'bBe)J.aT B qepTora npH 6yJIKaTa, TO QTHllIJIO, Ta
cK01IHJIO y KJia)J.eHeua H ce y.n.aBHJio. rocTHTe ce BeceJIHJIH, 6e3 .ii.a no.n.o-
3HpaT 3_a CTaHaJIOTO, H MaiiKaTa H 6aw.aTa HHW.0 He 3HaeJIH; Te MHCJIHJIH.
qe TOH e npH 6yJIKaTa. 11 6yJIKaTa H'HllJ.0 He 3H8HJia, IlOHe}Ke MHCJieJia,
qe MJI8,llO.>KeHSIK'bT e ow.e npH fOCTHTe, H ro oqa_KBaJia ,21.a BJie3He npH
HeH. KaTO ce MHHaJIO ,ll'bJif0 BpeMe, BCHllKH ce ceTHJIH H Il0llH8JIH ,ll.3
IlHTaT: KaKBO CTaHa,Ta MJI8,llO)KeH5!K'bT He H3JIH38JI. OrHllIJIH npH 6yJIKa-
TH, HO TH liM OTr0B0pHJia, qe TOH He e JI.0XO)1{,ll8JI H TH ro ow.e tieKa.
TopCHJIH ro TYK, TbpCHJIH H 'HaH-HaKpaii OTHWJIH H npH KJia)I.eHeua.
TaM ro HaMepHJIH, HO Beqe y.naBeH •• (C6HY, XIII, 137.) C1,w.aTa npH-
Ka3Ka MH pa3Ka3ax~ 6a6a BH.na IleTpOBHUa, c. )KepaBHHo, K10cTeH,llHJI-
cKo, 6a6a Iletta JlyM6apcKa, c. Tp'hHOBJiaK, K10cTeH,u.HJICKO,H 6a6aTaHa
MorJioBa, c. HoBo ceJio~ CeBJIHeBcKo. C1,m.aTa npHKa3Ka MH pasKa3a
HAPOllHA Bf/PA 257
H 6a6a necna, C. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, HO C TOBa H3MeHeHHe: pememie.1
TO Ha opHCHHUHTe llYJI e.n.HH Thproseu OT ,ll.aJieqe TI'b'fHHK, KOHTO CJI)'·
qafrno Homyaa.TJ TaH HCll{ B TaH Koma. TOH CH 33M'bJiqaJI, HO caMO MHO~O
ce MOJIHJI, KoraTo >Kett.HT MOMqeTo, )].a MY H3BeCTHT HeMy, Ta H TOH )].3
.n.oHece noJJ.apoK. Kora 3a){{eHHJIH MoMqero, H3BecTHJIH Ha Toproaeua a
TOH JJ.Olll'bJI; K3TO 3H3HJI 3a opHCaHOT0 OT opHCHHUHTe, TO}f OTHlll'bJl raH
Be11ep npH KJia.neHeua, 3aKoBaJI KanaKa H ce,nHaJI Ha Hero. HcKaJI ,na
33TI33H MOMlleTO. Tio e.n.Ho BpeMC H,Zle MOMqeTO THqeruKOM. H npaBO H3
KJia.netteua, HO KaTO BHJJ.HJJO rocTeHHHa T3MO, TO MY K333JI0 ;ia ce
MaxHe, aamoTo 6op3a .na -H3Ba,nH ao,na. ToproeeuoT MY KaaaJI, 11e ao,na
HMa B K1>mH, 3am0To ei% cera ca OTHeCJIH ..MoMqeTo ce BopHaJio THtieUI-
KOM H ce BopHaJio cJie,n Mamm, Ho aeqe c 6pa.neaTa B poKa. ,,IUeUI JIH
11
.na ce MaXalll 1H OTTyKa? - 33TIJI3ll1HTeJIH0 peKJI0 TO Ha rocTeHHHa.
11 Koraro Il0CJieJ].HHHT He OTCT'bTIB8JJ, TOH ro y,napHJI re 6pa.naaTa, Ta
ro y6HJI; OTKOBaJI KanaKa n ce XB'bpJllrn y KJia.lI,eHeua. :.ETO TyKa H
TbproaeuoT nocTpa.n.aJI - BHJI.H ce Toi-i: MY 6HJIO H HeMy nHcaH,o. C
TOBa ce TIOCOtIBa, qe H TOH me nocrpa.n.a, KOHTO 6H Il0HCKaJI JJ.3 cnpe
perneHOTO OT OpHCHHU.HTe" - 33B'bpll1H 6a6a llecna.
3. ToproBeu e.n.nH, KaTo TI'hTysaJI no ToproBHH, cJiyilafrno npeHo-
myaaJI B e,nHa Koma, )].ero HMaJio 6e6e. BHJio rperaTa ae11ep. Tof1 BHJJ.HJI
opHCHHU.HTe H qyJI THXHOT0 perneHHe. To 6HJIO: ro:sa M0Mlle ,ll.3 pacre ~
nopacre H )lace o>KeHH 3a .ll.'hmepHra Ha TOH Thproaeu, ra ,ll.a MY Hac-
ne,nH HMaHeTo. Toproaeu.oT qyJI Toaa H pernHJI JJ.a nory6H .neTero. Han-
paBHJI BCHqKo, HO Hanpa3H0. HaH-HaKpaft: onponaCTHJI ce6e CH, a MOM-
qero MY CTaHa~,o 3eT H H3CJie)l.HJI0 UHJI0TO MY 6oraTCTBO. (TipHK33KaTa
a )I(. crap., I, 29; C6HY, VI, 110; VB, 175, ]lynHHlllKa ll:>KyMaH;
comara npnKasKa paaKa3aJia H 6a6a llHMHrpa )KeKoaa, c. Km,iapeao,
KapHo6arcKo,)
J.1 ome MHOfO JlpyrH npHK33KH.
OpHC3HOTO M0:>Ke }lace BH.ilOH3MeHH, 3K0 e,nHH OTCT'bTIH OT CBOHTe
fO}lHHH HJ1Ji OT CBOeTO I.U.3CTHe JlpyrHMY' HO TOH ,npyr HenpeMeHHO TpH6-
Ba .n.a 60,ne 6JIH3'hK: 6paT, cecrpa, conpyr HJIH conpyra. TaKa ce npH-
Ka3Ba 33 HHKOJIKO npHMepH. OpHCHHUHTe peUIHJIH, III.OTO ,l(eTeTo - MOM-
qe, )].a pacre H nopacTe H .n.a ce o:>KeHH, HO Karo ce o:>KeHH, )(a yMpe. H
raKa craHaJio: pac'bJI H nopac'hJI, o:>KeHHJI ce H YMPHJI. Ho HeaecTaTa xa-
pH3aJJa TIOJI0Bl•f HaTa OT CB0HTe ro,nHHH H aHreJI'bT' IlOB'bpHaJI 'AYlllaTa MY.
(C6HY, VIII, 189, BeJiec; XIII, 138-139, OxpH)(. ComaTa npHKa3Ka
MH pasKa3axa 6a6a Tietta PHcToBa, c. CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBcKo, 6a6a Ka..,rn,
c. Koa'bKJI Hce, Ko3'bJiaraq1w,H 6a6a )KeKa Bal1oaa,c.PHUI,TipecJiaBcKo.)
1

6) ll 0 6 p .o H JI O llI 0

BH,nHXMe, qe Me:>KJJ.Y aHreJI_ a H JlHBoJia ce B0)I.H

HenpeK'bCHaTa 6op6a OKOJIO qoaeKa H HerOBH.H :>KHBOT. AHreJibT rJie,l(a
)la ro ynoTH Ha ,rr.o6po H .na ro 3ana3H OT 3JIO, OT 6e,rr.H H naKOCTH H .n.a
ro H3KJiaHH ,na npaBH ,l(06po. ,il.HBOJI'bT r Jie,na np0THBHOT0 - )(a ro YilbT-

17
 258 l(HMHT1,P MAP!{HOB

Ba H HaKJiaHH K'bM JIOllIH pa6oTH, r Jie,l(a ,l(a ro CffbBa H ,l(a MY HaBn ffqa
Ha rnaaaTa rraKOCTH H 6e,l(H H ,l(a ro onponacTH. H qoeeK, o6eKT Ha
Ta.ff: 6op6a, rrpH BCHqKaTa CBOH HaKJIOHHOCT noHSIKOfa, a HHKOH MOMeH-
TH rra,l(a - H3Boplll_
B a JIOllIH pa6oTH. 3a TaKHBa cnyqKH HapOJI."bT
BHHH ,l(HBOJia H Ka3Ba:,,113,l(YJI ro ,l(SIBOJioT"' T.e. HaKapaJI ro ,l(a H3BopWH
Tyit npecnnJieHHe. ·
Ho HMa HBJieHHH B )KHBOTa Ha qoaeKa, KOHTO Hapo,l(HOTO BSlpBaHe
T'bJIKyaa He KaTO ,l(eJIO Ha aHreJia H ,l(SIBOJia, a Ha JI.pyrH CHJIH, KOHTO
J{eHCTByBaT caMOCTOHTeJIHO. THSI CHJIH, KaKTO H opHCHHUHTC, ce HaMH-
paT" no.I{ rrpHKaTa aoJISI Ha 6ora H .l{eflcTayaaT no Heroaa 3anoee.a..
. THH CHJIH HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe ttap11qa C HMeTO ao6po H AOUlO,
HJIH T'bH HapetieHHH JI.yaJIH3'bM B HeBH.i:(HMHH MHP .
. Tyii: .u.o6po H JIOllIO BSipBaHeTO e TIO)I.pa3)1.eJJHJIO . Ha CJJeJI,HHTe
rpym1:
. ,D,o6po H /lOUlO epeMe, ao6pO H AOUlO MflCmO, ao6pa H AOUla cpeUf(l.

* * *
,D,o6po H 11.outo epeMe.
IJ;HJIOTO apeMe B )KffBOTa Ha qoaeKa HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe
,neJIH Ha:
,D,o6pa H /lOUla eoauHa, -
,D,o67Jp H 11.0Ul MeCet{,
,D,o67Jp H /lOUl aeH,
,D,o67Jp H /lOUl 'lGC .
.n O 6 p a r OJI. H H a. Hapo,nHOTO BSipBaHe TBbp,nH, qe ,l(06paTa
roJI.HHa JI.OHaes:r Ha qoaeI..1.1:ne w.acTHe, pa.n.ocT, H3o6HJIHe H 3,npaae;
,l(OHacH 6epeKeT a noJie'i'o, 6epeKeT H 3JI.paae B cToKaTa ; 3JI.paae H eece-
JIHe Ha qeJIH)I.Ta. C e,l(Ha .l{yMa, BCHtJKH 3eMHH 6Jiara H JI.YllleBHa CJia,l(OCT.
JI O ill a T a r O ,ll. H H a ; HarrpOTHB, ,l(OH3CSI BCHqKo JIOllIO: 6o-
necTH, 6eJI.H, rraKOCTH, BOHHa, Mop, cyllla, rJia)I., H3B0,ll.HeHHe, IIO>Kap
H ome MHOfO . 3JIHHH Ha llOBeKa.·
IloHe)Ke llOBeK He 3Hae KOH rO,l(HHa e ,l(06pa, a KOH JIOlll-8, BHpBa-
HeTO Hapo,l(HO e ycTaHOBHJIO J\a ce ycTpOSIB~ npa3HeHCTBO B qecT Ha BCH-
Ka ro,l(HHa H ,u.a ce H3rrpocaa OT 6ora MHJidCT ,u.a ,l(OKapaa ace .ZJ.o6pH ro-
..U.HHH. ·
TaKHBa rrpa3HeHCTBa ca ycTpoeHH Ha HrHa)K,l(eH-Hapo.ZJ._HaTa HOBa
ro,l(HHa, 60,l(HH aeqep - KoraTo w.e cnese MJia,l( rocrro,u., H CypaaKH .
IloJie3HHK'bT Ha HrHa>K,l(eH, KOJie,u.apu11Te Ha 60,l(HH aeqep H
cypyeaKapHTe Ha CypaaKH 6JiarocJiaBHT H 6Jiarorro}Ke.liaaaT Ha acHKa
3a,l(pyra H ceMeflcTao: eece.11a H cypoaa HOBa ro,l(HHa, c n'hJieH KJiac Ha
H1rna, 11epaeHa H6'hJIKa B rpa,u.HHa, roJIHM rpo3,l( Ha JI03e, n1>nHa Koma
C ,u.eua, IloJIHH o6opH CbC CTOKa, )KHBOT H 3,l(paae Ha BCHqKH. 11 THSI
6Jiarono)KeJiaHHH, OTnpaBHHH T'bH T'bp)KecTBeHo, C TaKoBa npa3HeH-
H APO J!H A Bf[PA 259
'CTBO H >1<:epTsonpHHOIIIeHHe H C TaKasa peJilffHO3Ha HCKpeHOCT, Hapo,n-
"H0T0 BHpBaHe yqH, qe 6or rn.e rH qye n rn.e npaTH ,no6paTa f0)tHHa,
a nornaTa me rrpaTH) Ha JJ.OJIHHH CBHT. (Ba6a ,Uecrra EHhOBa, c. PeceH,
TopHoscKo, 6a6a .Ll.0Ha Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. UIHnKa.)
.U o 6 'h p M e c e u H JI o III M e c e u. ,Uo6pm1T Meceu ,no-
HacH rn.acTHe, paJJ.0CT, 3JJ.paae, )J.'bJI'br )KHB0T H ,npyrH ,no6pHHH, a
JIOllIHHT Meceu JJ.0HaCH. Hern.acnrn, npeMe>K:J(HH, KpaT'bK )KHB0T HJIH
npen'b.'IHeH C M'bKH, CHp0MaIIIHH H 6e,nH.
Koi%To ce poJJ.H y JJ.06op Meceu - 30J(HHTa MY e JJ.06pa. Toft: >KH-
·aee JJ.oJiro, c-rasa macTJIHB, 6oraT, 3JJ.pas H B'bB sc.HqKo ycmrna. KoiiTo
<:e poJJ.H y JI0III Meceu - 30J(HHTa MY e JI0IIIa. Toft: >1<:1-rnee MaJIKo HJIH IT'hK,
aKo )KHBee Il0-)J.'bJlf0, )KHB0T'bT MY e npen'bJIHeH C TerJIHJia, naTHJia, CH-
poMallIHJI H npeMe)KJ(HH. (Ba6a Bop6a f1rnesa, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo,
-0a6a ,UoHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. IllanKa.)
LI. 0 6 'b p ,n e H JJ.0HaCH Ha qoseKa C'blll.O: macTHe, p 8,l(0CT, 60-
raTCTB0, Cil0JiyKa H 3,npase, a JI 0 III H H T JI. e H - JJ.0HaC.H· BCHqKH
-3JIHHH H Heycnex B HHIII.O. AKo HHKOH ce po)(H B )(061>p )(eH, TOH e
ru.acTJIHB npe3 ueJIIHI CH >K:HB0T; POJJ.H JIH ce B JI0III ,neH - rrpe3 ueJIHH
<CH ~HB0T e Hern.acTeH. ETo KOH ca J(06pH, a KOH JIOIIIH )J.HH:

Po,nHJia Me MaMa
Ha JJ.00'bp ,neH 6eJia C'b0OTa.
Ba6a 11.oHa, c. lllHnKa. Cpn. C6HY, XIV, CoqrnikKo

Po)(HJI a Me MaMa
Ha JJ.o6op J(eH BeJIHKJJ.eH,
A Kp'bCTHJia Me MaMa
Ha <?lll.e IlO·)(00'bp - repreB)(eH.
6a6a ,ll.ona, c. lliHnKa
Po.zurna Te MaiiKa TH
Y q'bpH BTOpHHK.
Ba6a BH;ta , c. CTaKuOBil.H

OTTyKa ce BH)K,l{a, qe BT0pHHK e JI0IIJ ,neH, a C'b60Ta H HeJJ.eJIH -

JI.06pH .l{HH. ,Uo6pHTe JI.HM ca orn.e: noHe,neJIHHK H rreTbK, a cpHJJ.a H qeT-
B'bpT'bK ca JI0IIJH JJ.HH. ( 6a6a ,Uecrra, c. PeceH.)
Ha BCHqKHTe BT0pHHUH rJiaBaTap'bT e l[bpH, emopHUK (BTOpHHK'bT
rrpe3 Il'bpBaTa He,neJI.H Ha BeJIHKH IIOCTH), Ha cpeJ(HTe e Jlyaa Cpllaa
-(cpH.n.a rrpe3 corn.aTa He.n.enH) H Ha t£eTB'bpT'bUHTeB~pmoiAae 'leme~pm~K
-(q~TBbpTbK npe3 cow.aTa HeJJ.eJrn) . (Ba6a Bop6a fHHesa, c. PeceH
TopHosci<o.) Hapo.n.HoTo s.HpsaHe yqH, qe KOHTO ce poJJ.H s llopH BTop:
HHK, TOH npe3 ueJIHH' CH )KHB0T rn.e 60,l(e Hern.acTeH: 38T0Ba 3a TaK'bB
l!'QBeK ce Ka3Ba ,,po,nHJI ce y q'bpH BT0pHHK". 3aTOBa H neteHTa nee:
.,,PonHJia Me MaMa y q'bpH BTOpHHK". (Ba6a BHna, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a
Kepa, c. BaJIRaH, TopHOBCKo.)
 260 JiHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

B1>B BTOpHHK H3o6mo He ce HaqHH.ff HHKaKBa pa6oTa,3aII{OTO HHMa

.n.a HMa .I(06pp H macTJIHB Kpaff; ·He ce TporBa Ha ffbT, 381.UOTO H3 TI'hTH
w.e ce cJiytIH .npeMeJK.QHe H tten.r.acTHe; ue ce cee HHW.O, aamoTo HHMa .na
ce po.nH; He ce C8.I(.flT A'bPBeTa, 3amoTO me 61>.I(aT .HJIOBH, T. e ..HHMa .ll2
II.04>'rHT H .na Bp'b3BaT po:>K6a HJIH aKO UnqITHT-H.HMa ,na 38Bnp:>KaT ITJIO)l.
AKO )l06Hqe ce po.nH BnB BTOpHHK, 6HJIO artte HJIH TeJie - KOJIHT ro, 3a-
moTO! AOHacH HcmacTHe Ha UHJIOTO cTa)J.o. (,U.H.no KoJI1>0, c . MorJIHrn,.
.l{H.I(o reoprH BnJIKOB, c. BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo, 6a6a TieTpOBHU~.
c. BpyceH, 6a6a C1>6a Bofrqeaa, c. JJecH)J.peH, 6a6a Pyca HHKOJiona.
c. Tp1>cTeHHK, HHKonoJicKo.)
B qeTBnpThK TO:>Ke ce He HaqHHH HHKaKBa pa6oTa, 38IUOTO HHMa:
.na HMa .no61>p Kpaii; cJiyra ce He ueHHBa, 3am0To H.HMa JI.~ .noce)J.H JJ.O
,neHSI · CH; KpaBa; BOJI, KOH HJIH )J.pyr .n.o6HThK ce He Kynyaa, 3amoTO
HHMa )J.a ·ce)J.H y )J.OMa, a 6Hra; KOKOllIKa ce He ca.nH, 3amoTO HHMa .na
Jie:>KH Ha HHUaTa; CBaT6a ce He npaBH,3amoTO MJia)J.O}KeHUl•ITe HHMa .na ce
.noee)J.aT, I.Ue ce pa3cTaB.H.T; ceMe ce ne cee, 3am0To I.Ue H3Jie3He .HJioso;
.l{'bpBO ce He ca)J.H,' 381l(OTO me CnXHe HJIH HHMa .na Bpn3Ba po:>K6a. (Ba-
(5a Pyca HHKOJIOBa, c. Tp1>cTeHHK, 6a6a MHtta HJIHHtieaa,c. Ko3ap
Be.neHe, CeHmoacKo.) Ha cTa)J.oTo erpeK c_e He npaBH B qeTBnpThK,.
. 38lll.OTO CTa)J.OTO me 6Hra OT TOH erpeK. (,UH.no ,UeHqo, C. KaKpHH3,
J1oe11aHcKo, ){HJJ.O reopru Bo.JIKOB, c. BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo, JI.HJJ.O Ko-
JihO )KHBKOB, c. M1>rJIHII1.) KofITo ce po.n.H y qeTB'hpThK, me 61>.ne CKHT-
HHK; HHK'b)J.e He me MO}Ke )I.a 3a611e KOJI. (Ba6a TieHa MHtJeEa, c. Ko-
JIH6HTe, TpoHHCKO.) Koma ce He HatJHHH y qeTBbpThK, sa·moTO 1IeJIH)J.Ta
w.e 6Hra H HHMa .na ce cnHpa y He.ff. (Ba6a ,UparaHa, c . MaparnKH Tpo-
cTeHHK, IlJieBeHCKO.) .
3a cpHJI.8 TOJIKOBa CTpax HHMa. Cal\10 MHoro CTporo na3HT Jiy.na
cpH)J.a, a .npyrHTe cpH)1.H npe3 fO)J.HHaTa ce CtIHTaT, KaKTO H JJ.pyrHTe
){HH. (Ba6a PaJJ.a ToHhcrna, c. T1>pH0B0 npH ~eiiMeH.)
,lJ. 0 ~ 1> p ti a c, K8KTO H JI O ill H H T q a C KaTO qe HrpaHT B-
)KHB0Ta Ha Hapo,ZJ.a MH0ro no-r0JIHMa H B8:>KHa poJIH, 3amoT0 Hapo,ZJ.HQTO
BHpBaHe )J.aBa MHOro Ba:>KHO 3Haqem-1e Ha .no6pHH HJIH JIOllJHH 11ac.
3amoTO BcHqKo, KOeTO· qoseK HatieHe, TIOMHCJIH H no:>KeJI ae - aKO
e B .no61>p qac, acHqKo ce c61>ABa, OTHBa H cs1>prnBa ce A96pe; aKo e B
JIOJI.11I3C, BCH1IKO nporra.na, BnpBH H ce CB'hpllIBa JIOllJO, He ycnHBa. AKO
~eTe ce rrpoKHe, 3atJHe B ,ZJ.061>p qac - me 60.ne 11ecTHTo; aKo JIH e
3aqHaTo y Jiorn qac - me 61>,ZJ.e KJie.THHR, me TerJIH H me ce M'hqH.
npe3 ueJJH.H :>KHBOT. (Ba6a Pa,ZJ.a ToHbOBa, c. T1>pH0B0 npH CeiiMeHt
6a6a n.eTpOBH.Ua, c . BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo.) · .
AKO tIOBeK e IlOtJHaJI )I.a ope, .na cee, · ia :>K'bHe, ,ZJ.a KOCH; HJIH
aKo :>KeHa e noqHaJia .na npe.ne, .na HaBHBa, .na ThtJe (TKae), .na Iq>OH
H np.. y ,ZJ.061>p qac, UHJiaTa pa6oTa BnpBH JieKo, JiecHo, aece.no H ce
CB'hpllIB8 )J.06pe, 6e3 HenpHHTHOCTH. CnyqH JIH ce, Ta ca IlOtJHaTH THfi
saHHTHH y JIOllJ qac - Toraaa pa6oTaTa B'bpBH c MnKa H HenpHHT-
HOCTH: tJynH ce, KHHe ce, npenp1>maT ce HJIH ce qynaT KOJiaTa H np.-
ca1>pnIBa ce, HO c 6e36pofl MnKH. (Ba6a MHTa )KeKoaa,"c. KoMapeeo. ·
KapHo6aTcKo, )J.H)J.O KoJibo )KHBKOB, c . M1>rJIHrn.)
HAPOJZHA BflPA 261
AKo llOBeK Hew.q no)KeJiae a .n.o6op qac, )KeJiaHHero MY ce c6o.n.aa;
aKo JIii e 6HJ10 y JIOIII qac - HHKora He ce c6o.n.aa. (6a6a MHra )I(e-
Koaa, c. KoMapeao, 6a6a B0:.n.a, c. CraKbOBilH, BeJior pa,n.qHmKo.)
AKO llOBeK Hew.o IlOMHCJIH a .n.o6bp qac, c6'h~Ba ce, w.o e Il0MH-
CJIHJI, aKo JUI e a JIOIII qac - He ce c6b)J.B~. (5a6a BH.n.a.)
MaiiKa HJIH 6aw.a;· CBeKbp HJIH CBeKbpBa, aKO Hew.o npOK'bJIHaT
..n.eu.aTa CH H TOBa ce CJ1yq11 B JIOlll qac, J(JleTBaTa ce c6o.n.sa; CJIYlllf JUI
ce .n.061>p qac - KJieraara ce· pa3BaJIH. (5a6a TTeHa Mli'lleBa, c. Ko-
JIH6Hre, TpoHHcKo, 6a6a ,Uecna, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.)
AKO ce Cil0MeHe HMeTo Ha HHKOH 6oJieCT B .n.061>p qac, HH.W.O; HO
aKo ~e. cJiyqH B JIOIII qac, 6oJiecrra ae.n.Hara .n.oxo.m.n.a a Kow.ara. (5a6a
Bop6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.) ·
,,l.JoBeK, Karo He 3Hae KOH e .n.o6'bp H KOH e JIOlli qac, TpH6Ba .n.a
MHCJIH .ace .n.o6po, .l{a roBopH B~e 3a .n.o6po H BCHKora .l{a 6Jiarono)KeJia-
Ba" - 3aBoprnH 6a6a Bop6a fHHeaa, c. PeceH. .
.ll..0 6 p O H JI ·o lil O M H CT o. I-JapO,ll.HOTO BHpBaHe TB'bp.l{H
H yqH, qe pa3JIH9HHTe JIOIIIH .n.yxoae OO'HlfaBaT HaBCHK'b)J.e ..Ho He BC.ff-
K'b)J.e Te Morar .n.a HanaKOCTHT Ha qoBeKa. HMa MeCTa .no6pH H MeCTa
JIOIIIH HJIH, KaKTO rH Ka3~aT, . omep1JmHU. ,Uo6poTO H JIO,IllO MHCTO e
C'b3.ZJ.a.neHo or . 6ora. (Baoa ,Uecna EHbOB.a, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.)
AKO qoaeK CH HanpaBH K'hni.a Ha .n.o6po MHCTO, TaM rn.e 6Jiaryaa
'Toif H qeJIH)J.Ta MY H w.e HM a w.acnre, 3.l{paae H acHqKo .n.o6po. HHKaKBH
JI0IIIH .n.yxoae, 6oJieCTH H .n.pyrH Hew.acnrn HHMa .n.c! Morar .n.a MY Hana-
KOCTHT.
CJiyt:rn JIH ce Jiorno MJIH orBpoTHO MHCT0, To rn.e ce crpynar Ha
TJiaBaTa MY H Ha qeJIH.l{Ta MY BCJiqKJi Hew.acTH.ff Ii 3JIHHH . .
Ero 3aw.o, Koraro w.e ce npaBH K'hI.IJ.a, rJie.n.a ce .n.a 6b,n.e MHCTOT0
..n.o6po, a TOBa ce Il03HaBa 11pe3 apa)KaHe. (Ba6a Croemiu.a, C. Ba.r:rnaH- .
) U.H~' TopHOBCKO.)
AKO oBqapHH HartpaBH KOlliapara · H.'nf naHTaTa Ha -.n.o6po MHCTO,
OBU.HTe ce HfHHT, MJiellHH ca H He 6oJie.n.yBaT; C.TJyllH JIM ce Ha JIOIII0
.MHCT0, Te He ce .fffHHT, M.TJ.ffKOT0 npeCJleKBa n YMHpar. Toft TpH6Ba .n.a
np_oMeHH M.ffCTOTO.
AKo HHKOH HanpaBH ao.n.eHHU.a Ha .n.o6po MHCTO, ao.n.emru.ara RH-
Ma ,l{a 60.n.e OTHaCHHa OT BO,U.aTa H w.e pa60TH MHOro; c.,1yqH .TJH ce Ha
Jiorno' MHcro, TH. aKo He 6b.l{e orHecetta or ao.l{ara,m.e 3anycree no .n.py-
rH n.pHqHHH.
AKO pa601 HHK HJIH TI'bTHHK ce.n.He Ha .l{06po MHCTO ,l(a 0Til0tIHHe
HJllf .n.a IlOJierHe, TOH HHMa ,l{a nocrpa.l{ae B HHI.IJ.O; CJIYllH JIH ce ryii MH-
CTO, .n.ero e ce.n.HaJl .n.a OTITOllHHe, JIOlllO 0TBparH·o·, TOH orpaHCBa,
nrpecaa. ro, pa360JIHBa ce H YMHpa.
AKO "IOBeK, Karo Il'bTyBa, IlHKae Ha .no6po MHCTO, HHI.IJ.0 My HHMa;
cJiy11H JIH ce TOBa MHCTO JIOlllO, TOH w.e IlOCTpa.nae: w.e ro BT.pece, w.e ce
pa36oJiee H w.e yMpe. (5a6a ,Uecna, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo:)
,,11Ma JKeHH-6acHapKH H ·MoJKe-apa>Kam.iH - Kaaa 6a6a CToeHH-
u.a, C. 6aJIB8HU.H, - .K0HTO 11pe3 rJie.l{aHe H Bpa>KaHe l\toraT .n.a K8)K8T
262 JiHMHT'I,P MAPHHOB

A8JJH _e eAHO MHCTO JJOllIO H A8JIH 6oJIHHHT ce pa360JIHJI OT JIOllIO MHCTO

HJIH OT Apyro HeIUO. u .
,U o 6 p a c p e Ill a, H JI o III a c p e IU a. KoraTo lIOBeK
H3Jie3He H3 K'bIUaTa H BpaTHHUaTa CH 6HJIO .na H)le Ha pa6oTa HJIH
Tp'brBa Ha TI'hT, TOH e 3a6eJie)KHJI, qe pa6oTaTa .My B'bpBH .no6pe .HJIH
3Jie, a Ha· n'bTH CH cpema ycnex H cnoJiyKa HJIH HecnoJiyKa i-1 6e.n1-1.
Hapo.nHoTo BHpBaHe e ycTaHOBHJIO H TB'bp.ZlH, 11e TYK .neikTByBa
A06pa cpeIUa HJIH JIOllla cpema,,.nBe CHJIH,OT KOHTO e.nHaTa e .no6pa CHJia,
a .npyraTa JIOllla CHJia. ·
· KaTo TporHe 110BeK, cpema ro HJIH .no6pa cpema, HJIH JIOllla
cpeIUa.
AKo 6'b.ne nocpemHaT oT .no6pa cpema, TOH n'hTyBa c pa.nocT, c
6JiaronoJiy11He, 6e3 HHKaKBH npeMe)K)lHH H CTHra ;u.o MSICTOTO, 3a)leTo
n'hTyBa 6HJIO no neqaJI6a, 6HJIO no pa6oTa Ha HHBa HJIH B ropaTa,
OHJIO npOCTO Ha c6op H pa3XO)lKH. ToH CTHra TaM .no6pe,CB'bplllB8 .no6pe.
CJiy11H .,11H ce .na ro cpemHe Jiollla cpema, TOH B n'bTH cH me cpem-
He npeMe>K)lHH, naKOCTM H 6e.nH; HHMa .na CTHrHe .no H8COtieHOTO M.SICTO
H HHMa .na ITOCTlffHe ueJITa, ·ga KOHTO e Tp'brHa.,1. (Ba6a B'bp6a rHHeBa,
0

c. · PeceH, T'bpHoBcKo, 6a6a MoMa CTeq>aHOBHUa, c. To.n10auH.)

ETo samo, KoraTO Tp'brHe tIOBeK Ha Il_'hT, Hapo,ZlHOTO BHpBaHe e
ycTaHOBHJIO UHJia pe,ZI.HUa OOHllaH, KOHTO )lOMalllHHTe TpSI6Ba .na H3B'hp-
11IaT, 3a .na HMa n'bTHHK'bT )lOO'bp II'hT, ,ZJ.06pa cpema; ycTaHOBHJIO e ome,
IUOTO BCHlJKH, l{OHTO ce cpemHaT HJIH CTlffHaT, ,ZJ.a CH 6Jiarorro>KeJiaBaT
,,.no6pa cTHra, ,ZJ.o6pa cpema, .no6'hp n'hT". (Ba6a K'hHa TieTKosa,
c. AJITHMHp, 6a6a .M.H11a l1JIHH11eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJiette·.)
n'bJifHTe naTHJia H rrpeMe>K,ZJ.HH Ha O'hJII'apCKHSI CeJIHHHH ro Ha-
YtIHJIH .na CXBaHe )J.OHSIK'b,ZJ.e .ne ce KpHHT THH .nae CHJIH: .u.o6pa H JIOllla
cpema. BHpBaHeTO Hapo,ZI.HO e ycTaHOBHJIO, qe .u.o6paTa HJIH JIOlllaTa
cpema H,Zle H B'hpBH C BHT'bpa, C B'b3,Zlyxa; C tIOBeUH, C >KHBOTHH; T.ff
ce KpHe _ B 01II--ITe Ha · 110BeKa, 3allI.OTO HMa tIOBeK C .no6pH H 'llOBeK C
JIOlll.H O1IH.
3a THH cpemtt, KOHTO ce KpHHT H XO)J.SIT C BHT'hpa, B'b3)lyxa,.
CJI'bHI.J,eTo - Hapo,ZlHOTO BHpBaHe e OCTaHaJIO 6e3CHJIHO .u.a . TI03Hae.
To e )lQlll,110 CaMO .ZlOHHK'b,Zle )la pa3ra.nae KaTO KaKBa cpema me cpeIU-
He _ qoseK, KOfaTO Tp'hrHe. 0TTauo ca THSI ra.naTeJICTBa, Bpa)KaHHH,.
rJie,ZlaHHH, C'bHMIIJ.a H .npyrH, 38 KOHTO me roaopHM TYK no pe.n.
3a cpeIUHTe, KOHTO H)laT c 'llOBeµH, c .>KHBOTHH HJIH KOHTO H)laT
OT OlJHTe Ha lJOBeKa,Hapo.nHOTO BHpBaHe OT )l'hJirH H npe,Zl'bJlfH OTIHTH e
ycTaHOBHJIO H _ K83Ba:
Jlollla cpema IUe cpeIUHe 11oaeKa, aKo TOH cpemHe H3 n'bTH cH
6eJie)KeH qoaeK, s~ KOHTO ce roaop11 nq-rope. (Ba6a B'hp6a fHHeaa.
c. PeceH.)
Jlollla cpeIUa me cpemHe lJOBeK, aKo ro cpeIUHe )KeHa MarhocHHUa,..
IIOBeK, KOHTO e KOilHJie, M'bpTBOpo.neHo .neTe H .npyrH, 38 KOHTO ce ro-
BOpH no-rope. ( Ba6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KOBa, c. BaJiaaa.) .
HAPOJi H A Bf{ PA 263
Jloma cpema me cpem.He 11oaeK, KoraTo ro cpemHe non. (Ba6a
Kepa )KeJTH3KOBa, c. BaJJBaH.)
Jloma c·pema e H TaH, KoraTo Te cpeI..IJ,He qoaeK RJIH )KeHa, HO
cpem.He Te c npa3Ho. (ComaTa 6a6a.)
Jlorna cpema e H B JI0lllHTe oqH Ha qoaeKa,a JI0lllH Ot.JH Hrvtar: KonH•
Jie, 6eJie)KeH qoaeK, Mopraopo.neH H noarapaH (oT6HT or cHca H nocne
naK MY _.naaaJIH .na cyqe). (Ba6a CroeHHUa, c. BanaaHUH.)
Ero 38lll.O, Koraro tIOBeK Tp'brBa Ha Il'bT, Karo H3Jie3He H3 npaTHH-
uara, rne.na KaK'bB 'lOBeK ro cpeI..IJ,HaJI. III.oM BH.UH, qe HacpeI..IJ,a MY H.ne
"IIOBeK,KOHrO HOCH JIOllla cpeI..IJ,a, Hapo.nHoro BHpB~rne noaeJI.H'lrn ,na ce
B'bpHe or TI'bT.H CH, MaKap 3a e,nHH qac, H nocJie naK .na npo,n'hJI)KH
Il'bTH CH.
Como norna cpema e, aKo, Karo H3Jie3He B'hH or cenoTo, a noJieTo
HJJH B ropaTa, npe)lp'bcHe npe.n 'lOBeKa 3aeK.
,llo6pa cpeI..IJ,a H.ne, aKo ro cpemHe UHraHHH, aKo ro cpemHe qo-
BeK C Il'bJIHO, aKo JIHCHUa MY Mlrne Il'bT.
Or JIOlllH OllH ce JieKyBa npe.naapHreJIHO, KaKTO TOBa ce cnoMeHa
Ha HHK0JIKO Mecra. JleKyBaHeTo ce C'bCTOH, 6HJIO Karo MY M83H3T
lleJIOTO C KaJI OT BO.UHHKa, 6HJIO KaTo HOCH y ce6e CH HHK0}l aemH, 61rno
Karo MY 6aHT H np. (Ba6a ,lloHa YayH-HHKOJioBa, c. lliHnKa.)
,llo6poro ce Hap11qa 0I.Ue 6HJIO, a nornoro qepHo.
,,A3 :>KHBHX 6HJI CB.HT", ,,He BH.UHX 6HJI .!}.eH" - ce ynorpe6JIHBaT B
CMHC'bJJ Ha .no6'bp CBHT, Ha .no6'bp 6JiaronoJiyqeH ,neH ..
11Ma C'bl.U0 npHK83Ka 6fllla C'o6oma: ,,MaMa Me po,nHJia y 6HJia C'b-
6ora" - T. e. y ,no6pa c'b6ora, c'b60THHHT ,nett ce en11rHpa He HHaqe
ocaeH 6.HJia co6ora,3amoro TOH e BCHKora .no6op. Comoro M 3a He,neJIHra;
TH ce enHTHpa 6RAa he8eAR. (Ba6a ,llecna EHhOBa, c. PeceH.)
JiornOTO ce HapHqa ll'bpH, ll'bpHO. 4opH BT0pHHK - JIOlll BT0pHHK.
,,4~pH CBHT cserysax» - 3H8llH JI0lll CBHT. OTTaMO ca H Ha3Ba-
HHHTa: 6.HJIO Mope H ll'bpHo Mope, 6HJI BHT'bp (Ha JO)KHHH BHT'bp) H
tI'hpH BHT'hp (ceBepmrn, cry,neHH.H) . (Ba6a Bop6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH,
6a6a Mopcpa, c. llepeI<hOH.)

a) K JI e TB H

He38BHCHMO OT OpHCHHTa H Hape1IeHOTO OT OpHC HH

u1ne Ha llOBeKa Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe ,naBa fOJIHMO, MHOro fOJl5IMO
' 3Ha11eHHe H Ha KJieTBHTe Bopxy :>KHBOTa H C'b,n6a:ra Ha tIOBeKa. Cnope.n
Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe KJieTBl1Te MOraT .na .UOKa_paT Ha 11OBeKa HaH.-fOJIH-
M0 ttemacr11e He caM0 HeMy, HO H Ha q_eJIH,nTa MY.
K-'leTBHTe ca: p O .n H T e JI C K H, q y )K .n _H H C 0 6 C T B e H H.
Po,nHTeJicKHTe KJieTBH ca, Koraro 6amara HJIH MaHKaTa npoKiJIHe
HHKOe OT .neuaTa CH.
4y)l{,UHTe KJieTBH ca, KoraT0 UHJI0 e,nH0 ceJIO HJIH 0T,neJIHH JIHU.a
npOK'bJIHaT HHKoro, a -
COOCTBeHH KJieTBH ca, KoraTO caM tJOBeK .naaa yaepeHHe 33 Hemo
 26-4 t(HMH T7,P MAPH HOB

,HJIH ·npaBH HHKaK'bB OOeT (ooew.aHHe) H 3a )1.8 nOTB'bp.ZlH CBOHTe .ZlYMJI

HJIH CBOH o6eT, )1.aBa KJieTBa, K'bJIHe ce.
. p O )1. H T " e JI C K H T e K JI e T B H, T. e. KJieTBHTe Ha 6ama RnR
Ha MaHKa, HapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHe cq_HTa aa MHOT'O Te>KKH . .lla npoK"b.llHe
e)1.J1H 6atu.a HJIH e)(Ha MaHKa CBOeTo qe)lo, KOeTo e TeXHHHT >KHBOT, H
J(a MY no>Kenae OT c1>pue u.oT Jlyllla naii-ro~1 HM0 aem.acrH e, TYH crasa
OT roJIHMa M'hKa, OT I'OJIHMO 'npecJiyl llaHHe Ha qe.noTO K'b.M 6am.a CB
HJIH K'bM MaHKa CH.
THH KJieTBH Ha '6aw.a HJIH Ha· MaHKa CTHraT .no 6ora H rocnOJl re
Be,I(Hara 3HMa B'bB BHHMaHHe H r.H H3Il'bJIHHBa. KoeTO e no-cTpa lllHO, TBH
KJieTBH IlOCTHraT He caMO npoBHHeHHH CHH HJIH npOBHHeHaTa .Zl'hW.epsr.
no npec.ne.LI.BaT n anyuu n npaanyu H. (Ba6a .llecna EHboaa , 6a6a Bnp6a
rHneaa, C.. PeceH, T'hpHOBCKO.)
KoraTo opHCHHl.I.HTe oTpe>K.n.a.nn C'b)J.6aTa Ha .neTeTo, Te rne.na.ne
6HJIH HMa JIH 6aw.Hna HJIH Maf111Hna KJieTaa O1>pxy 6aw.aTa HJIH Maii-
KaTa Ha .neTeTo; aKO H¥a TaKaBa KJieTBa, Te H yra1>p>K.u.aaaT H CH OTHBaT.
(Ba6a Jl.ona Ysytt-Hn Ko.noaa , c. IllnnKa) . B TOH c11y11aii Te Ka3B8JIH:
.,KneTBa Ta 6amnna H Mafiqnn a ne ce pa3aanH ." (Ba6a Kepa )KenHaK o-
aa, c. BaJIBaH , T1>pH0BcKp.) KJieTBHTe 6aw.MHH H Maiique H CTHraJJH
.no 6ora H MOMaJIH ,u.a H3MeHHT OTHanpe,u. o-rpe)J.eHOTO OT opHCHHUHTe.
(Ba6a CToettnu a, c. BaJiaatt uu.)
ETo 3aI.UO, KoraTo HHKOro Bp'bXJieTtI ro.rlHMO uew.acTH e,. a npH-
qHHHTe He ca H3BeCTHR, KasBaT: ,,KJieTHHH HMa; H3IlJI8W.a 6aW.HH,H HJIH
Maiiqntt n rpexoae ", T. e. He caon rpexoae , a rpexoae Te Ha 6a.w.a CH HJIH
Ha MaHKa CH .
BamaTa K'hJIHe, KaTo caaJIH Kana, T. e. roJiorna a. A ronorna e
M'b>K XO)lH caMO KoraTO -i:omn, KoraTo IlJI~qe 3a CMopTTa Ha 6aru.a H MaA-
. Ka H KoraTo e B qepKaa; 3Haqn 6amaTa BJIH3a a Haii-Tpa rnqno nono>Ke-
HHe npe)J. 6ora H npe.ll. qoaeunT e H Hspnqa caoHTa KJieTBa. Hapo.ne oTo
BHpaane ,u.aaa no-roJIH Ma cnna na 6aw.n_HHTe KJieTBH. Te ca On,H.
(Ba6a .llecna, c. Pecen.)
MaiiKaT a K'hJIHe c1>c caaJiena · sa6paJI.Ka; BHJI.HXMe. qe ronorna ea
>Kena He MO>Ke )I.a ce BH.LI.H. 3aaqH H TH BJIH3a B e.ll,HO C'bB'bpllleHo Tpa-
rHqffo noJIO}KeHne npe)J. 6ora H npe.ll. qoaeui-ITe. ETo KaK ce onHcsa
KJieTBaTa Ha MaH:KaTa:
Tia caaJIHJia 6HJiaTa sa6pa~K a,
roJiorna aa JI~To ro npoI<Jie na:
TipoKJie T 61>.lJ.H, MOH MHJIH cune.
TipoKJie T O'b)J.H OT MOHTa MJI8)1.0CT ,
lllo no Te6e Hse H usry6ux .
.lla_ce CKHTalll no cena, no 'APYMH,
Hnr.LI.e MHpka H cBp'b:rKa .na HHMalll.
TBOH .ZlBOpH nycTH onycTeJI H,
Ha orHHW.e KYMHH )I.a He nyruu.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •· . . .
H3 c6opHHKa MH OT 6a6a TTeHa PHcrosa, c. CTy6eJI, I(yT.:ioecK o
.H A I? 0 Ji H A B fl P A 265
3a6pa,1I.KaTa caaJIH )I.a noKa>Ke, qe HHKora e 6HJia l\IOMa H MJia,ZJ.a
u TaH CBOH MJia)I.OCT e H3ry61-rna, KaTO pa)K)I.aJia H rJieD,aJia TOH CHH,
(Ba6a PaiiKa Y!oToBHUa, c. Ktte)Ka, 6a6a Co6a, c. JiecH,n.peH .)
Tio HHKOH ITbT MaHKaTa B3)1.H )I.HCHaTa CH- CHCa, Ha KOHTO e
-cHcaJI cHH'bT, H ro KbJIHe. Ta ce cpern.a a e)l.Ha neeett:

He Me npaBU' MHJIH CHHe,

,Ua H3Il3)I.H )I.HCHa HeHKa,
,Ua H3B8)I.H H npOKbJIHa.
Ea6a MHtia l1.'1Hf11resa, c. Ko3ap Be.11eHe

Maf1Kara H 6~llJ,aTa KbJIHaT CHHa CH CaMO KoraTO TOH fH npOffb,U.U

fH OCTaBH .n.a ce CKHTaT IIO qy>K):U,I K'blll.H,
"I{
4 y )K .II. H K JI e TB IL 4y>K,U.HTe KJieTBH Morar ,u.a 6'b,'.I.8T Hapo,u.HH-
·OT UHJIO e)I.HO ceJio H OT UHJI e)I.HH Kpaft:, HJIH B,ll.OBHlliKH, cupalliKH H
£ HpOM3llIKH.
,,TmI Hapo,u.HH, B)I;OBHlllKH,_ CHpalllKJ.f H CHpoMallJKH KJieTBH ca
-oi.ne no-Te)KKH" - Ka3Ba 6a6a .Uecna. ·
THH KJieTBH ce ornpaBHT cpemy H3e.U,HUUH, npe)laTe.JIM, xaft,u.y-
11.H 'H AP·
KoraTo HHKOH HacHJIHHK, 1-13e,nHHK, npe,nare.'I np11ructte cnpau.H,
13,.U.OBHII.H HJIH ceJIHHHTe H CHpOMallITa H H,ne IIOTTa HM, o6Hpa rH HJIH
npe,u.ana oreqecTBOTO, a TOH HaCHJIHHK e CI-1.'leH, Ta HapOAbJ', CMpaII.HTe
H B,U.OBHII.HTe He Morar ,u.a HaMepslT npaBOCb)I.He, Torasa. ro KbJIHaT.
C1:1paUHTe H B)I.OBHUHTe H or,neJIHHTe JJHqHOCTH, orpa6em1 OT Hero, ro
KbJIH~T 11a~THO, aceKH 3a ce6e cn . Ho Koraro )I.OH,u.e pa6orara ,na ro
K'bJIHe II.HJIOTO ceJIO HJIH HHKOJIKO ceJia 3ae,nHO, Torasa TaH KJieTBa
:HaMHpa no-peaJieH H3pa3 . Hapo,nHOTO BHpBa}{e 3a TaKHBa H3e)I.HHII.H,
·HaCHJIHHII.H_, npe,naTeJIH, KOHTO ca pa3nJiaKaJIH MHOro M8HKH, OT
KOHTO e npOIIHII.VIJIO ceJIOTO, e ycrpoHJIO TbH Hapeqemue HameM.uJl,
npoK/ li!mUR.. (HareMHH, OT aHaTeMa, na~ IIpOKJieTJrn.) T1-rn KJieTBH ca
ny6JIHqmr H r10Jiyqasar peaJieH BH,n B II.HJia rpaMa,na or HaXBbpJiemr
,npoKJieTH _KaMbII.H. 11 rocno,u. BC.HKora, aMa BCHKora, e npHKJiaHH.i
yxoro CH KbM THH HapO,U.HH KJieTBH H BHHOBHHKbT e 6HJI HaKa3B8H
no p ·a 3HH cnocot'hr: mm e noJiy,nHBaJI, HJIH qeJIH,nTa MY H3MHpaJia H
"KbllJ,aTa MY ce pa3CHilBaJia, HJIH OfbH ro H3rapsIJI, HJIH IlbK e JIHraJI Ha
·nocreJIKa H Jie)KH )I.'bJifH fO,llHHH, XeJie He ·OCTaH HeHaKa3aH. (Ba6a
'BoJIKaHa fleHOBHII.a, C. JlHTaKOBO. 3a HaTeMHHTa B>K. a )I<. CTap.,
VI, 17-23, § 6 H 7; III. 375-380.)
TaKHBa KJieTBH npecJie,nBaT He caMo. BHHOBHHKa, HOH qeJIH,U.Ta My
.,no rpero KOJIHHO. (Ba6a Bop6a.) 11 opHCHHUHTe npH HapH1IaHeTo B3H·
Mar B'bB BHHMaHHe THSl KJieTBH H rH yTBop,nS1BaT·. (Ba6a Kepa.)
C o 6 c TB ·e H H K JI e TB H. KaKro Ka3axMe, ryK H,naT THH
KJieTBH, c KOHTO qoaeK caM ce6e CH K'bJIHe. THSl "KJieTBH ca:
Koraro ce 38K'bJIHe 3a Hern.o, 11e npaeo Ka3ea, a roaa Hee BHpno;
TOBa e Jl'b)KJJHBa KJieTBa.
266 P,HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

KoraTo ce ooew.ae Hew.o ,na H3B'hpnrn H 1oea o6emaaue noTB'hP.llH

c KJieraa, a nocJie He H3Il'hJIHH roea ceoe o6elII.aHue.·
KJieTBara, KOHTO ,naea lJOBeK, tJe K33B3 npaBO, a JI'b>Ke, e MHQfO
Te>KKa KJieTBa, 38W.OTO C TaH KJleTBa onponacTHBa >KHBOTa HJlff HMOTa
Ha ,npyrHro. OTT3MO e H Ii0CJlOBHU.aTa: ,,Koraro JlB3M3 CH H3ry6HT'
.nymara - rperHHT cH ry6H rJiaeara" (Ba6a B'hJIKaHa IleH0BHUa,
C. JlHTaKOBO), T. e. qpe3 JI'b)KJIHBa KJieTBa nory6aaT HeBHHeH lJOBeK.
KJieraara, KOHT0 ,naaa e,nHH 110BeK, e pa3JIH11~a. HJIH ce K'hJIHe B
6ora, HJIH ce K'bJIHe B ce6e CH, B 11eJIH)lTa CH H CT0KaTa CH.
· KnJIHe ce• B 6ora, Karo ro npH30BaBa 3a caH,nereJI, t1e npaBo
K83Ba . O6HKHOBeHH H3p83H ca: ,,6ora·MH", ,,6or ,nyma," ,,Kp'bCTa MH",'
,,Bpar ,nyrna".
KoJIHe ce B te6e CH: HJIH B 3,npaBeT0 CH, B 0lJHTe CH, B >KHBOTa:
3aKJieB8l\l ce B'hB M0eT0 3,npaBe.
3aKJieBal\l ce B M0HTa MJI3Jl0CT.
3aKJleBaM ce B ll'bpHHTe 011H,
T. e. aKO KJI_
eTBaTa e JI'b)KJIHBa, K'bJIHe ce B ce6e CH.11 BHpBaHeTO Hapo.n-
H0 TB'bp)J.H, 11e TOH, KOHTO npOH3H3CH T3H KJieTBa JI'b>KJIHB0, Henpe-
MeHH0 OC8K8THBa, 3a60J1HBa, 0CJienHBa HJIH Il'bK )IMHpa. (Ba6a Bnp-
. 6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH.)
K.1erBara ce npaBH B HMero Ha .n.eu.ara:
3aK.11eaal\1 ce B'hB ,npe6HH ,ne11uu.a,
BcHtIKH B'bB rpo6 JI.a rH 33K0ilaM,
AKo Jl'b)Ka, aKo ,nyrna ry6H.
J,fa e,ll.Ha HeceH B c6opH1-1Ka MH , cJiywatta or 6a6a . .MHtia H .111At1e13a~
c. Ko3ap BeJieHe

,,H rocnoJI. nocJJyruaJI TaH JI'b)KQBHa KJleTBa: BCHllKHTe MY TpH

.n.eu.a yMpeJIH B e,rr.HH )I.eH H rH 33K0il3JJ B e,nHH rpo6" - CB'bplllB3 ne-
ceHTa. ·
l..JoaeK ce K'hJIHe H 3a ,nyrnara cH: ,,Bpar .n.yma, KarpaH .n.yrna"-
H Hapo,nH0T0 BHpBaHe TB'bp)J.H, qe TaK'bB, aK0 Jl'b.>Ke, CH npo,n.ana ll.Y-
mara Ha ,zurnoJ1a. (Ea6a Bnp6a flrneBa, c. PeceH.)

r) Mar H H

. MarHHTe ce npaBHT C'bC CHJiaTa Ha JlHB0Jia, C'bC

CHJiaTa Ha Marb0CHHlJeCKHTe 6HJIKH.
,llHBOJI'bT HMa CHJia OT CB0H raprop.
EHJIKHTe HMaT CHJia OT ce6e CH, ome Koraro ca C'b3ll,a,neHH, CHJiaTa..
TaHHCTBeHa e B THX. ,,TaKHBa ca M3fb0CHH 6HJIKH OT ce6e CH" - Ka3a
6a6a CroeHHU.a, c. BaJIBaHII,H.
Tim MarHH HM3T f0JIHMa CHJia B'bpxy 3)1.paeero H >KHB0Ta Ha qo-
BeKa H Bnpxy HeroBHTe 11yacrBa H .neJia. ,,Te Morar nopu na cnpar R
HAP OJI.HA BJ{PA 267'
C'b)l.6aTa Ha opHCHHUHTe" - Ka3Ba 6a6a Bop6a; OTTaMO H)l.e H Bb3-·
pe'IHUaTa: ,,TieT np'bCTH 6ory HaMeJI.HBaT".
Manrnre ca pa3JIH1I.HH H ce npaB.HT npH pa3JIHlH-IH cJiy11aH, 3a
pa3JIH\IHH ueJIH .
.MarHH 3a npHtIHH.H BaHe 6oJiecT TeJiecHa
H JI H .ll. )' Ill e B H .a. Coe CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe MO:>Ke )l.8 ce HanpaBH
Ha M'b:>K HJIH :>KeHa )I.a ce pa36oJiee H aKo ce He pa3BaJI.HT oapeMe THn.
MarHH 11pe3 CHJiaTa Ha npOTHBHH MarHH, 6oJIHHH.T YMHpa.
MarHHTe ce npaBH.T HJIH no .ll.YXOBeH Il'bT, HJIH no Bem.ecTBeH.
llyxoBeH TYK pa36J.1paMe, KoraTo MarhOCHHUaTa HanpaBH Manrn-
Te, 6e3 ,n.a ce ,II.OKOCHe ,II.O o6petieHOTO JIHUe, a caMO MarHHTe T'bH OTHBaT
H ycTpenaaT TOBa JIHUe 1.1pe3 BH.T'hpa. (Ba6a Bop6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH.)•
no BeIUeCTBeH n'hT ce pa36Hpa, Kora Ha 06pe1.1eH0To Jrnue ce ,n.a-·
)l.e HeIUo ,n.a H.,n.e HJIH HeIUo ,n.a 06Jie1.1e, HJlH ,n.a H3nHe. (CoIUaTa 6a6a.).
no ,n.yxoBeH nbT M8fbOCHHUaTa OMarbOCBa, 6HJibOCBa H HapH1Ia,. I

T. e. 3aKJieea H npaIUa HanpaeeHHTe MarHH c nopb1.1Ka:

lla H,TI.eTe npH TieTKaHa;

lla H. ycTpeJIHT~ B copueTo;
lla H. cylllHTe Ji namue,
11 y rpo6 Jla .ff H3npaTHTe.
Ba6a CToeHHI..la, c. Eu,BaHl.lH

11 MarHHTe OTHB8JIH npH TTeTKaHa H .H ycTpeJIEaJIH. Toea ce Ka3-

Ba H a n p a Te H H M a r H H.
TyK H,ZI.e H C.TJyqa.HT, KoraTO MarHH ca npaBeHH H.ffK'b,II.e 38 H.HKOro-
c noJIHBaHe H npe3 TYH M.HCTO MHHe )].pyr H.ffKOH - Mb:>K HJIH :>KeHa, J1 ce
pa360JIHBa; TYH ce Ka3Ba npe2aseHo.
TyK H)].e H c~1yqa.HT, KoraTO MarHHTe, H3npaTeHH OT MarbOCHHUa-
Ta, .n.a Ka:>KeM npH TTeTKaHa, H3 nbT.ff TH.H MarHH cpeIUHaT To,n.opa H He.H
ycTpeJIBaT. ToBa ce Ka3Ba cpeWiHamo. (Ba6a Bop6a f1rneea,· c. PeceH,
6a6a Mol\rn CTeq>aHoBHUa, c. To)].IOBUH, oa6a llotta, c. IlIHmrn.)
BeIUecTBeHHHT noT:
)KHBaK'hT ce OMafbOCBa H ·Hapeqe 3a TTeTKaHa H H3npaTH )I.a BJie3-
He y TieTKaHa. )KHBa.K'bT OTHBa, BJIH3a BbB Be)l.pOTO H TieTKaHa ro ·
H3nHBa. Tyi'.'i ce Ka3Ba sanoeHo.
11JIH Ha TTeTKaHa ;t.aBaT )I.a . .H,II.e OMarbOCaHH 6HJIKH. B TOH cJiy-
qaff ce Ka3Ba saxpaHeHo .
.Ilpyr cJiy11afi. 3HMa ce pH3a HJIH .ll.pyra )l.pexa Ha TieTKaHa, Ha-
TbpKBaT rH HJIH rH HaKa)].BaT C H.HKaKBH OMarhOC8HH 6HJIKH HJIH DbK
:npHlllHBaT B H.HKOH KpaH Ha pl:13aTa H ,n.pexaTa TaKaBa OMarbOCaHa
6HJIKa H IleTKaHa,6e3 )I.a 3Hae,HOCH Ta.H pH3a HJJH .ll.pexa H ce OMarbOCBa.
Toaa ce Ka3Ba HanpaBeHu Ma2uu. (Ba6a Bnp6a fHHeaa H 6a6a LI,ecna
EHboBa, c. llIHnKa.)
MarmiTe ,n;eikTayaaT. ITeTKaHa 3aJIHHee, 3acoxHe, KpexHe H Hai1-
.HaKpaii: YMHpa, aKO- HanpaBeHl.fTe MarHH He 6'b,ZJ;aT pa3BaJieHH.
:268 t(HMHJ"bP MAPHHOB

Ilen~aHa t1pe3 THH MarHH Mome JJ.3 He yMpe, aKo He e Hape1:1eHo

:3a CM'bpT. B TOH CJiyqafl TH ocaKaTHBa C KpaK HJIH C p1>Ka HJIH MO}Ke JJ.a
-ce no6opKa c yMa cH. (Baoa MHqa, c . Ko3ap BeneHe.)
M a r H H 3 a n p e B p 1> Ill, a · He q o B e K a ~ m H B o T .H H.
·Cbc CHJiata Ha Marm-1.Te Mome .JJ.a ce rrpeBopHe qoaeK B H.HKaKBO >KH-
BOTHo: eJieH, KOIIIyTa, 3MIUI H JJ.pyro )KHBOTHO. ToBa CTaBa, KO~aTO
-06pelleHOTO JIHU.e ce rroJiee C OMarhOCaHH 6HJIKH HJIH ce 3300H C BOJJ.a,
B KOHTO ca.BapeHH TaKHBa 6HJIKH. TTpHK83KHTe H necHHTe coqat TaKHBa
CJiyqaH. MHJieHa 6i1J1a 3anoeHa C .6HJIKH H oMarhocaHa H C'bC CHJiaTa
Ha THH MarHH TH JJ.eHe cH 6HJia tteo·ecTa-melia, mera.11a H3 K'blll,H,
XOJJ.HJia Ha pa6ora; HO lll,OM ce CMp'bKHe H H8CT'bTIH noTaH_Ha JJ.06a,. TH
H3qe3saJia or nocTeJIKara. TTocJie nopBH rreTJHf TH ce Bpolll,a naK B
IlOCTeJIKaTa, HO HOCHJia Ha ~e6e ·cH 6eJier 38 TYH csoe HOUI.HO CKHTaHe:
BeJIH H IlOJIH ce poca, .
CHTHH H. 3'b6H . ce rpeBa.
Mo>K'bT ii ce ycoMHHJI B rosa H3qe3BaHe Ha ivtJiaJJ.aTa CH 6yJIKa
'HOW.HO - BpeMe H Karo C'brJie)J.aJI THH 6eJie3H, He :MO}K3JI JJ.3 .H He 33IlHTa:

J1H6e, M1-1JieHO, MHJieHO,

MHJieHO Il'bpBO BeHqHJIOI
Hern.o rn.e Te nonHraM,
TipaBO JJ.8 MH OTKa>Kelll,
TipaBo .n:a Me He JI'b.>I<em.
3arn.o TH .ca, MHJieHo,
BeJIH IlOJIH ce poca,
5{ CHTHH 3'b6H ce Tpeaa?

11 T.H He e MO>KaJia )J.8 ro H3JI'bLKe, HO npaBO MY Ka3aJia;

.J1116e, CroeHe, CroeHe, ,UeHe MJia.na uesecTa, .

-CToeHe nopBo BeHqeJio!
Karo Me nHTalll .na Ka>Ka:.
1BOHTa MaHKa npoKJieTa,
MarHH Te>KKH HanpaBH,
Ta Mette MJia.na HanpaBH:
A HOI.U.e ropcKa KoUiyTa.
,Ua H.ll.eM, · .Tin6e, npH MaHKa:
TaM HMa >KeHR 6HJIHpKH,
Ta 3HaHT 6HJIKH BCHKaKBH,
MarHH me CH pa3BaJIHT.

MHJieH_ a 6HJI8 OMarhOCaHa H C'bC CHJiaTa Ha THH MarHH, KaTo JJ.OHJJ.e

·HoI.U.HO apeMe onpeJJ.eJieH qac, T.H 6Heana npHHyJJ.eHa ·JJ.a cTaBa oT no-
cTeJIKaTa H ;n-a ,6Hra a ropara, .nero craBaJia Ko11:yra H nacsina rpeea.
V

Mo>K'bT H 51 nocnyrnaJI:-OTBeJI SI npH MaHKa H H TH HaMepH.118 >1<eHH-

61tJIHpKH, KOHTO C npOTHBHH 6HJIKH pa3B3JIHJIH IlbpBHTe MarHH,
MHJieHa CH CTaHaJia- naK, KaKTO CH . 6HJia H no-npe.zv1. (TieceH H3 MOH
c6opHHK; cJiyrnaHa or 6a6a lI.ecna,c.Pecee. TbpHoecKo u 6a6a Mop4>a
c . .ltepekhofl. Cpa. C6HY, XIV, 9, ...KonpHBI.U.Hua.) '
)lpyra necee pa3Ka3aa KaK C'blll,o· caeK1>peara, Karo Mpa.3HJia
H A . P O 11. HA B fl PA 269
CHaxa CH, HaMepHJi a I..UffaHirn, KOMTO H )laJIH 6HJIKH OMarhoCaHH .n.a ru
caapH H C BO)laTa .l(a IlOJIE!e CHaxa CH; KaTo Harpa,na TH HM .n.aJia napH
H p11aaTa - BeHqaJIHaTa, Ha cHaxa cH. CHaxa ii 61rna Haao.n.a H cpe-
lll,HaJia UHraHKHT e, B KOHTO Il03HaJia CBOHTa BeHqaJIHa p1rna. KaTO rH
nonHTaJia , Te H K33'8JIH, qe e.n.Ha CBeKbpBa HM H )laJia 3apa.n.H 6HJilUf.
Koraro HeBecTaTa HM Ka3aJia, qe THH 6HJIKH ca aapa.n.H HeH, UHraHKHT e·
ce CMHJIHJIH H H HaylIHJIH : KaT0 60.n.e neqep H TH CH JierHe C M'b)K8 CH,
.n.a He JIHra Ha .n.ocerarnHOTO CH MHCTO, HO .n.a OCTaBH Mb)Ka CH .n.a JierHe
Ha HeHHOTO MHCT0, a TH .n.a .'IerHe Ha HeroBOTO. TbH Fl Hanpaa1- wa:
TH JierHaJia Ha• MHCTOTO Ha Mb)K8 CH, a M'b/1{3 CH TypHaJia Ha CBOeT0.
KoraTO 6HJia noTafrna ,n.o6a, CBeKopBaTa THXHqKo BJie3HaJia B CTaHTa
c ropHeTO, B KOeTo 6HJIJ:l BapeHH 6HJIKHTe, H HaMeCTO CHaxa CH n.o-
JlHJia CHHa CH. CHH H se.n.Hara ce npeo6pa3 HJI H CTaHaJI: )lO IlOJIOBl:IH
MJia.n. CTOHH, a OT IlOJIOBHHa )K'bJIT CMOK - qy,noBHlll,e, H no CHJiaTa Ha.
MarHHTe TOH Be)lHara ce H3M'hI<HaJI H3 Kblll,H H OTHllI'hJI B CBOHTe JIHBa]lIL
HeaecTaT a, Karo ce npo6y.ZI.HJia cyTpHHaT a H He Ha~1epHJia M'h~a
CH, ~enfJia ce, cTaHaJia H. ae.n.Hara 0THrnJia y JIHBa,nuTe, .n.eTo HaMepHJJa
CTOHHa: IlOJIOBHH qoBeK, IlOJIOBHH )K'bJIT CMOK. , TH XO)lHJia BCeKH ,n.eH
npH Hero, Ta MY HOC-HJia MJIHKO .n.a nHe.
HesecTaT a OTHllIJia npH MaHKa CH H TH XO,LI.HJia. no MarbOCHHUll,
Ta H )l8JIH .n.pyrH OM8fbOCaHH 6HJIKH, I<OI-iTO JieaecTaTa CBapHJia M
OTHllIJia, Ta IlOJIHJia CTOHHa. CTapHTe MarHH 6HJIH Be)lHara pa3BaJieH lt
H CTOHH CH CTaHaJI naK qbseK, nopBHHT CTOHH.
Ka1rno e nocJie CTOHH cTopHJI c MaHK;:t CH, neceHTa M1>JI11H. (lb
MOH c6opHHK, CJ1yrnaHa oT 6a6a .lloHa Y3ytt-HHK O,'Ioaa, c. llhmxa~
n 01 6a6a .llm~11upa )I(eKoaa, c. Km.iapen o, Kaptto6aT cKo. CpsL
C6HY, X, 19.)
Ma r u H 3 a c a a JI H H e 1\1 e c e u a. Marmne , c1,c CHJiaTa
Ha KOHTO MarhOCHH UHTe CB8JIHT Meceua or He6eTO, ca HaH-CllJIH HTe
MarHH, HaH-Te)KKHTe. )lo THX ce 0THaCH B~3peq11uaTa ,,TieT IlpbCTIJ
6ory Ha.n.11.eJIHBaT". Tyti CBaJIHHe CTaBa_ no TO~ HaqnH:
MarbOCH HUaTa ce C'b6JIHqa roJia-ro.1eHHlJI<a, KaKTO H Mafma H
po.iu,fJia, 6e3 pH3a Ji Bb3Ce]lHaJia Ha KpOCHO. MarbOCHI IUH TpH6~a .u..a
6o)laT ]lBe, H TO Ma11Ka H )l'blll.ep,H' HO H )I.BeTe na ca )lOHKH (JI.OHJI:W)'
T. e. ]la HMaT ]leua Ha cHca.
B 6HJI KOTeJI ca MarhOCHHlleCKJJTe 6IJJIKJ.i, a JlO KOTeJ1a MMa i
CHTO. Karo 6aHT B KOTeJia H 0KOJI0 CHTOT0 u }(aro pbCHT c TaH Bo.a.a
OKOJIO ce6e CH - MeCeU'bT e OM3fb0CaH H no1111e Jia ce ry6H Ha He6eTo,
a .n.a caeTH a Kblll.aTa, ]leTo ce npaBHT Manrnre. To11 ce npH6JJH)KaBa no
MarbOCHHUHTe B o6pa3a Ha Kpaaa, KOHTO Te 113MbJI3B8T. C M.TJHKOTO,Koe-
T0 HMa fOJIHMa MarHqecK a CHJia, Te npaB5IT HaM-CHJIHH MarHH. CaMo
n1>JieH Meceu M0*e ,na ce M'bJI3e, aaroaa II ca:\ro ffhJIHa caew. caa.11 HT.
KaTo ro H3M'bJI3HT, nymaT ro H To11 naK JieKa_-no.aeKa ce H3Kaqaa Ha
He6eTo H Hal!HHH .n.a caeTH. HO caM0 qe cera e l\1HOro 6/"1e,1J.eH H CBeTJIH-
HaTa My e CJia6a. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, C. BaJ1BaHUH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a C10-
.HHa TiaaJioaa, c. KHe)Ka, OpHxoacK o, 6a6a 1\\apHH :tlonqeaa , c. CMo-
270 ,llHMHTl>P MAPHHOB

JUIH0BU.H, KyTJIOBCKO, 6a6a J(oHa Y3yH-HHKonosa, c. IllHnKa. Cps.

C6HY, XII, 124, BHTOJicKo; XIII, 167, ·Coq>aflcKO; )I(. crap., I, 51.)
11 B necHHTe ce nee:
MaiiKa TH e 6pO.llHifu.a,
BpO.llH.HU.a 0I.IJ.e BeI.IJ.HUa.
BemHua Ta MarbocHHUa;
Meceua CBaJISI B Il0.llHHUa,
3Be3.llHTe CBaJISI B JI'b:>KHUa.
J,fa c6opHHKa MH oT 6a6a B ·f,JIKaHa, c. JlnTaK0B0 , OpxattHHCKO. Cpe.
tC6HY, VI, 20, OpxanHe

OTTyKa ce BH)l{Jla ome, qe MeCeU'bT ce CBaJI.H H B Il0JJ.HHUH; OCBeH

1'OBa OCBeH Meceua MarbOCHHUHTe MOraT )I.a CBaJI.SIT H 3Be3JlHTe.
M a r H H 3 a o 6 H p a H e: )KHTO, MJUIKO H MeJJ.. Tosa ca Ma-
rHH, 33 )I.a o6HpaT )KHT0T0 OT HHBHTe, MJlSIK0TO OT CTa;:taTa H Me)J.a OT
KornapHTe (nqenHTe).
Coe CHJiaTa Ha M3fHHTe e)lHa MarbOCHHUa MO)Ke )I.a o6epe XJie6o-
l)OJlHeT0 OT e.l{Ha HHBa H )I.a ro npeHece B JJ.pyra HJIH )KHT0T0 OT HHBHTe
r-1a eJJ.H0 ceno JI.a npeHece B HHBHTe Ha JJ.pyro ceJio. ToraBa B o6paHHTe
HHBH KJiacoBeTe ca npa3HH .- HSIMa HH 3p'bHUe HJIH 3pl>HUaTa ca
CbB'bpilleHO SIJIOBH, - KJiaCOBeTe )J.aBaT MHOfO CJiaMa, a MaJIKO 3"bpHo;
KoraTo KJiacoaeTe B -npeHeceHa:ra HHt3a ca Ill>JIHH H 3opHaTa TJI"bCTH H
Te11CKH - KJiacoBeTe .l{aBaT MaJIKO CJiaMa, a MHOfO 3"bpHa.
Toaa cTaBa npe3 HomTa cpem.y EHhOBJJ.eH H THSI MarbOCHHUH ce
HapHqaT 6p0<11tUijU HJIH MaMftUijU.
BpOJJ.HHUaTa ce nopnCH C OMafbOCaHa BO)J.a, OTHBa B HHBHTe y
moTaiiHa .ll06a, cn6neqe ce rona, B'h3C.HJJ.a Ha KpocHo, Karo CH 3a6o.II.e
.]l'b)KHUa B 38,lJ,HHKa ~ HapaMH Ha rnp6a CH 6"bpJJ.O. TaKa B'b3Ce)lHana o6H-
:KaJISI HHBHTe. BcHqKHTe KJiacoae H ce KJiaHHT, CaMo ijapRm (cTp"bKOBe,
KOHTO HMaT no )J.Ba-TpH KJiaca) He ce IlOKJiaHH. TH fH BH)K]la H OTKBa,
".fa fH H3CKy6aa, 0Marb0CBa rH H fH 0THHCa HJIH B K'bJ.nH, 3a .na rH
XB'bpJIH a CB0SI apMaH, HJIH fH XB'bpJISI B TaH HHBa, fJJ.eTO"TpH6Ba )la
·(>o)le npeHeceHO )KHTOTO. KaTo CB'bpillH TOBa , TSI H3B8JlH Jl'b)KHUaTa,
o6JIH3Ba SI, 06.11H.i i.a ce H CH oTHBa. (Ba6a Kepa, c. BanBaH, 6a6a MapHH
THTIOBa, c . TomoauH, EneHcKo, 6a6a .lloHa, c. llIHnKa, 6a6a BMKaHa,
-c. JIHTaKoao, OpxaHHHCKo. C6HY, V, 118, Coq>HiicKo.)
B H3CJTe)lBaHeTO MH nocoqeHH MH 6Hxa MHOf0 npHMepH OT XBaHaTH
Ha caMOTO MHCTO >KeHH H M'b>Ke, K0HTO o6HpaT HHBHTe. TaKHBa npHMepH
HMa H B C6HY,. IX, 127, CocpHHCKo, KaK H.HKOH CH Byqe, KaKTO 6un
·C ,npy:>KHHa, e)lHH OT TSIX o6pan HHBHTe, a TOH T8HHO 0TKp8)J.HaJI OT
aero uapeTe Ha HHBHTe H fH 0THeC'bJI y .ll0Ma CH, Ta eceHTa rH XBl>pJIHJI
B xapMaHa . KaTO 3eJIH ){a npH6HpaT :>KHTOT0, TO He MO:>Ke JJ.8 ce npH6e-
pe OT :>KHTO - CJiaMa H.SIMa, a C8MO JKHTO.
Toraaa 6ama MY 3M )lace qyJlH KaKBa e TaH pa6oTa H B}111e MY
Jf3DOBH.llaJI BCHqKo . . Bama MY, npase~eH qoaeK, He HCK8Jl )la HMa B xaM-
.H A P O II. H A B fl P A 271

·6apa CR tiy:>KJ(0 :>KHT0, 3eJI Ta pa3J(aJI noseqeTo )KHT0 no CHp01\1aCR H

MaHaCTRpH .
B c. 611pHMHp1.u-1 e.l(HH CeJIHHHH, CiipOMax, K0MYT0 o6HpaJifi Hl-fBa-
T(i scsnrn rom-r na, YJI0BHJI B HHBaTa CH :>KeHa, K0.HT0 MY o6Hpana HI-rna-
Ta R T'bH roJia-roJieHHllKa c Kp0CH0T0, Jl'b:>KHU.aTa H 61>p,noTO H 0TBeJI B
-cenoTo. B c. Tpe6Ht1 xsaHaJIH C'hIIJ.O HHKoro cH BeJIHqKo H T'bH ro.n c
KpOCHOTO ro . 0TKapaJIH B_ ceJIOTO.
C MarHH o6HpaT MJI.HKOTO OT CTaJ(0T0 HJIH OT KpamrTe H ro
npeHaCHT B .np)TO CTaJ(O HJIH B J(pyra Kpasa; o6HpaqKaTa MO:>Ke ,na 1{3-
MaMH MJIHKOTO H OT e,nHa :>KeHa, Ta ,na 61>.l(e npeHeceHo y ,npyra :>KeHa.
_MJI_HKOTO B OBU.HTe, KpaBaTa, 6HBOJIHU.aT-a HJIH .>KeHaTa npeceKBa, a
n1>K y .npyrHTe OBU.H, Kpasa, 6HBOJIHU.a HJIH .>KeHa noqHe ,na 11,ne B ro-
_JIHMO H306HJIHe. 3a J(a ce TIOB'hpHe naK MJIHKOTO, npaBHT ce rrpo'THBHij
Manu1. (Ba6a CroHHa TiaBJIOBa, c . KHe.>Ka, OpHxoacKo, 6a6a B1>p6a
r1rneaa, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a llo6pa, c. Tsop,11,1-11.ia. Cps.
C6HY, XII, 152, HespoKonc Ko, 155, BJ:iToJicKo.)
HMa HHKOH K0lllepH (nt1e.n11), KOHTO ca cna6H, T. e. HHMaT Me.a.
a Ha C'bCe..l{HTe KolllepHTe ca HKH - HMaT Me){ . 3a .,na CTaHaT u HerOBHTe
KornepH CHJIHH, npaBHT ce MarHH H C'bC CHJiaTa Ha THH MarHH rrqeJIH-
--re OT qy.>KJ(HTe KOlllepH HOCHT Me)la He B TeXHHTe KOlllepH, a B KOlllepHTe
Ha TOH qoaeK; TaKa C'hlUO TOH H3npam.a CBOHTe nqeJIH, Ta OTHBaT no
"tIY»<JlHTe KOillepH H o6HpaT BCHqKHH Me,n.Tio TOH HaqHH CJia6HTe KornepH
ce HaIT'bJIHHT C ·Me)l H TOH Ba.U.H Me.u. no HHKOJIKO Il'bTH npe3 JIHTOTO,
KoraTo B K01IIep1ne Iia c1>ce.nHTe HHMa MeJI. HH KOJIKO 3a nqem-ne. 3a .na
ce pa3BaJIHT THH MafHH, npaB.HT ce npoTHBHH. (B'a6a BoJIKaHa,
c. J11naK0B0, OpxaHHHCKO. Cpa. C6HY, IX, 127, CoqmikKo. )
a
M a r H H 3 a TI p H B JI H q a He Ky TI y B a q H -H B 'b JI q e.
HHKOH .nyKHH..l{.>KHH HHMa MIOm.epHH, a,npyrHTe HMaT MHOro. 3a J(a ..l{O-
XO>KJ(aT MIOm.epHH H a HeroBHH ,nyKHIJ, TOH npH6HrBa .u.o ITOMOIUTa Ha
MarbOCHHU.HTe. C KpHJIO OT npHJien, C rJiaBa KpOMH)l HJIH qecHOB,
KaTO ce HanpaBH'F MarHHTe H THH Hema OMarhOCaHH ee BHecaT B .ny-
~HHa MY' TO TIOtIHaT MIOm.epHH .na JieTHT H ,nyKHH'bT MY e Il'bJieH OT cy-
TPHH AO se11ep . (6a6a CToeHHU.a, c. 6aJIBaHU.H, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a MapHH,
c. KpHso,noJI, Bpa11aHcKo.) THH MarHH ce KaaaaT HO.B'"6A'le. (C6HY,
X, 130, TopHoacKo.)
Ma r H H 3 a 6 y 6 H. 6y6HTe Ha HHK0H .>KeHa fH He 6HBa -
CJia6H ca H MpaT. 3a .na CTaHaT .ao6pH, npH65IrBa ce naK .no TIOM0IIJ.Ta
Ha MafbOCHHU.HTe. Coe CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe 6y6HTe CTaBaT .no6pH,
rrpeKapaaT TPHTe C'hHHm.a 3)1.paBO H ce 3aBHBaT BCHqKH. (6a6a TieHa
PHcToaa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a CToeHHU.a, c. BaJIBaHU.H, TopHoBcKo.
C6HY, X, 128, TopHOBCKo.)
Mar H H cp e w. y .no 6 HT 'h Ka. HHKOH ce cKapaJI coc coce.na
CH H HCKa .na MY HanaK0CTH H HaMHpa y,noBOJICTBHe B TOBa .na HanpaBH
l.U0TO .no6HT'bK'hT MY J(a CH He J(0X0..l{H aeqepH0 BpeMe s KowapaTa HJI~
nosna, a ,na 6Hra, Ta .na xo.l(H H3 lllyMaKa .na ro JJ.RpR H npH6Rpa. Tosa
nocTHra, KaTo on1.ae npH MarhOCHHI.laTa H TSI HarrpaBH MarRR. llo6a-
 272 JJ.HMHT1'P MAPHHOB-

T'bKbT TI0t.JHe ,:\a 6Hra no lllyMaKa 11 CTOnaHHH'bT MY ToptIH, Ta ro IlP,H-

611pa. TioHHKora )L06HT'bKbT ce H3ry6H H CTaBa IlJIHtJKa Ha BbJIUH,
MetIKH H )I.pyr ,n.irnetJ . (Ba6a TieTKOBHUa,c. OcHKOB0, BpatiaHcKo, 6a6a
Kbtta TieTKOBa, c. AJITHMMp, OpsixoacKo, 6a6a I..1,oHa, c. MaparuKH
T})bCTeHHK , TI.neBeHCKO .)
. Mar 11. n 3 a · n p b a Ba He M JI a JI. o )Ke He Ka. Bpo3BaHeTo
Ha MJia]lo:>KeHeKa CTaBa HJIH Ha' caMHSI ]leH Ha BeHtJaBaHeTO, HJIH ome
IlO~Hanpe)I., KoraTO ce _ro.ziM. To CTaBa 38 OTMblll.eHMe OT. H.HKOH MOMa,
KOHTO ro HCKaJia, H C ueJI )la ro MbtIH, 33lll.OTO Bbp3aHMHT MOM'bK He
e B CbCT0SIHHe )lace C'bB0KYilH c 6yJIKaTa H T0Ba Tpae ·,LI.'bJifO BpeMe-HMa
cJiytiaM M f0,!l:.HHa H n0Be1Ie, aK0 THSI MarHH He 61>,LI.aT pa3BaJieHH qpe3.
JI.pyrM npoTHBHM.
3a )la 61>21.e npe.n.naseH MOM'bKbT OT THH MafHH,Hap0JI.HOTO BSipBaHe
np~)lDHCBa CJie)lHHTe npaBHJia:
H11Kora ,1.a He CTbnBa Ha npara, KoraTo BJIH3a B K'blll.H, a ,LI.a ro-
npecKatia.
KoraTO TpbrHaT 38 aetttiaBaHe,3aKJIIOtJB8T KaTaHeua HJIH _KJIIOtI8JJ-
KaTa H KJll01lbT ce na3H, )l.O)l.eTO rM BeHtieSIT : KoraTO me rH cae,naT, OT-·
BapHT KJIIO'-I8J1K8Ta.
TipH BeHtiaBaHeTO Ha MJia)l.HTe pasKonqaBaT BCHtJKH ·KontieTa H.
pa3Bop3B8T BCHtIKH B'b3JIH . .
HeaecTaTa o6y aa e,nHHHH CH qopan HaonaKH ,a MJia,LI.0)KeHeKoT cit
sp1>3Ba ramHTe c e,ntto nap11e oT cepKMe.
(Ea6a Uetta TI011os11ua, c . MaparuKH Tp1>cTeHH·K , 6a6a Mu11a
l1JI11ftqeaa, c. Ko3ap EeJiette, CaHmoacKo, 6a6a MoMa CTe<:paHoBHu,a,.
c. To,LI.IOBUH , E.neHcKo, 6a6a ,llotta Ysytt-HHKOJIOBa, c.lllunKa ...
CpB. C6HY III, 140; XII, 153, DHTOJICKO .)
A1w M0M'bK'bT e aeqe B'bp3aH, Torasa TOH ce pa3B'bp3Ba qpes npo-
·THBHH MarHH. (Ba6a )lecna, c. PeceH, T1>pH0BcKo.)
HatIHH'hT tta pass1>psaatteTo e H3JI0_ >KeH B C6HY, XI I, 153,.
DHTOJICKO.
M a r H H s a JI 10 6 o B Ii JI . H o M p a s a. E,LI.Ha MOM a JIH6H
e,LI.HH MOM'bK, HO TOH e XJiaAHOKp'bBeH . K'bM HeSI, 33lll.OTO HMa ,LI.pyra
JI1060BHHUa, c KOHT0 ce 06Ht1aT. Ho M0MaTa ro HCKa. VI aa ,LI.a HaKapa
M0M'bKa ,LI.a Jiy,ll.ee no He.H H )la HaMpa3H ,LI.pyraTa Md'Ma, TH npH6SirBa
JJ..O noM0IUTa Ha M8fh0CHHUaTa. 11 TaSI qpe3 CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe Ha-
npaBSI, Ta M0M'bK'bT HaMpassa Il'bpBaTa CH JII060BHHU.a H Il0tJBa )la
JIYJJ..~e no MOMaTa, KO.HTC HaH- TIOCJie 3HMa 33 )KeHa. Tosa CTaBa HJIH
qpe3 HanpocKBaHe ,LI.pex1ne MY c oMarhocatta BO)la, HJIH qpea ,LI.pyn1
HHK0H HatJHHH. (Ba6a B1>p6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH, T1>pH0BcKo, 6a6a CTo-
eHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, TopHOBCKO_, 6a6a fHua, C. JleTHHUa, JlOBllaHCKO.
C6HY, V, 70, ,llynttHlllKO; VII, 145, JloatJaHcKo· X 129 T1>pH0BcKo·
\ · XII, 1S2.) ' ' ' '
Como t1pe3 CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe M0>Ke JI.a ce ttanpaBH, Ill.OTO e,n1nt
M'b)K )I.a HaMpa3H . >KeHa CH H ,LI.a H 0CTaBH H ,LI.a o6HKHe lIY>KJI.a >KeHa~
.(Ea6a fHua, c. JleTHHUa, Ba6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.)
HA PO P. H A BflPA 273
Mar H 51 .n a
e B 'b p H e 3 a 6 e r H a JI H H T O T )I. O-
C
M a 14 0 B e K H JI H JI. 0 6 H T 'b K. MoJK'bT ce CKapaJI Hem.o C :>KeHa
CH H e 3a6erHaJI HaJI.aJiet1e no net1aJI6a H ce He Bpom.a c roJI.HHH. TaMo
HaMepRJI .npyra :>KeHa H He J\IHCJIH Beqe 3a JI.OXa:>KJI.aHe; He cem.a ce HH
aa )KeHa, HH 3a JI.eua, HH 3a K'hIIJ.a.
Cnc CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe TOH ce npHBe)KJI.a y )1.0Ma CH npH :>KeHaTa H
J{eU~Ta. MarhOCHHUaTa, KaTo HanpaBH MarHH, M'h:>K'hT ce cew.a 3a .n;oMa
11 y Hero ce noHBH CHJIHO )KeJiaHHe .na ce BopHe - H Bpow.a ce. (Ba6a
Map1rn, c. To.nioau.H, EJieHcKo, 6a6a ,llecna, c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO.
CpB. C6HY, x, .<:129, TopHOBCKO.)
Cow.o MO)Ke c MarHH H .na ce 3aJJ.'bp:>KH HHKOH Ha,naJieqe. THH Ma-
l"HH TI'bK MY npaBH )KeHa, KOHTO )KHBee C Hero TaMO.

a
Kor IlOMHCJIH JI.a ce BbpHa,
T1>MHH M'hrJIH naJI.HaT,
Kora peKa )I.a OCTaHa,
51cHo CJI'bHUe rpee
nee neceHTa. (Ba6a TieTposHua, c. BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo.)

HHKoe JI.06Hqe e 3a6HrHaJio HJI)1 ce Hsry6HJIO. Coe CHJiaTa Ha Ma-

THHTe MO)Ke .na ce HaKapa KpaBaTa, BOJI'bT, KQHSIT - aKO He ca CaMO
B'bp~aHH HJIH 33TBOpeHH, .ll.8 ce B'bpHaT naK B K'bW.H; na aKo ca B'bp3aHH
HJIH aaTaopeHH, KoraTo ce sanpaBSIT Mar~HTe, -re m.e cqynHT orpaJI.aTa,
nJieTa HJIH m.e CK'bCaT B'h>Ke'I'O H naK m.e H36SiraT H m.e ce B'bpHaT.
(Ba6a KoHa. KoJibOBa, c. BaJIBaH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a I.J.oHa TTeHoaa,
e. MapalllKH TpocTeHHK, nneaeHcKo.)
M a r H SI 3 a )1. 'b )K .n, 3 a H a B O JI. H e H H e H JI H C y III a.
HaH-CHJIHHTe• MarHH, KOHTO MO)Ke e.nHa MarbOCHHUa HJIH Bew.Hua .na
HanpaaH, ca: JI.a JI.OKapa .11.'h:>K.ll., KoraTo HCKa, )I.a .noKapa T3K'bB nopoett
)l'b}K}l, lllOTO .na 3aJiee H OTHece BCHqKo - JI.a )1.0Kapa HaBO)J.HeHHe B
-e)J.HH KpaH. Ila HarrpaBH cyllla, Ta KanKa )1.'b)KJI. )I.a He K8IlHe U.HJIO
JUITO. (Ba6a B11.na H 6a6a To.nop_ a, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJiorpa.zt.qHmKo,
6a6a MapHH To.nopoaa, c. KpHBo.noJI, Bpat1aHcKo. Cpa. )I(. cTap.,
I,40.)

JI./ r a .n a T e JI c T B·o, r a JI. a H H e

TaifHaTa Ha opHCHHUHTe 3HaSIT caMO Te H rocno,a..

HaHCTHHa CBOeTO pellleHHe 38 60.new.aTa C'b)J.6a Ha lIOBeKa Te ca HanH-
caJIH Ha Jio6a Ha rJiaBaTa, HO KOH MO>Ke .na no3Hae H ,!\a npoqeTe TYH
IlHCMO?
qOBeK'bT npoqee He 3Hae KaKBO HMa .na npeKapa npea :>KHBOTa CH;
KaKBH npeMe)KJI.HH H HanaCTH HMa .na npeterJIH; KaKBH Pa.zJ.OCTH H CK'bp-
6H; KaKBH CilOJIYKH H HecnoJiyKH HMa .na cpem.He B CBOHTe TPY.ll.OBe. Tipe,n
Hero e JI.e6ena aaaeca. Ho TOH HcKa JI.a no3Hae TYH HeHsBecTHo H Taif Ho
CBoe 60,l\eine; TOH HCKa AB H8)1.HRKHe 38.lJ. Ta.SI 38Beca H )\a BHJI.H K8KB0
18
274 JlHM HT1, P MAP HHO B

ce Kpue aa Hero. 3a Ta.ff cBO.R ueJI HapoJJ.HOTO B.srpsaue e yo0Tpe61t110

e
BeKoBe YCHJIH.ff H TPYJJ.OBe, Ha6JIIO}J.eHHH H 6eJie)KKH u uai-Ba .llJ)aii
, CB'bp3 aHH
ycTaHOBHJIO e,nHH npaBH Jia. BcuqK H TH.ff npaBH Jia B noyKH
B e,nHo, ce KasBaT r a ,n a T e JI c T B o, r a JJ. a n H e.
Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe e pa3,lJ.eJIHJIO npaBH JiaTa, uayKa Ta na B.SIKOJJKO
HatJHHa, a THH HatJHHH ca:
fa;:(aH ue q.pes BJJ.'bXHoaeuue, raJJ.aHHe qpe3 BHJJ.eHHe, rneJ1aee,.
OT
ra.n;aHHe no C'bHHIUa, ra,naHHe no JJ.BH)KeHHHTa Ha HHKOH qacrH
CHaraTa, ra,naHHe no or'bHH H ,n:HMa, ra.n:aHne no rnacoB eTe ua nTBUH
H )KHBOTHH, ra,naHne no nno,noBe Ha 6'bJJ.HH Beqep ,ra5$H ee no cpemH Te,.
raJJ.aHHe no pa3.7IHBaHe HHKOH reqHOCTH, raJJ.aHHe no Hap1111aee.
I(eJIHSIT TOH orpoMe H MaTepHaJI, KOATO HM8M C'b6pa H, T)'K He ce
H3Jiar a, 38IUOTO H T'bH KHHraTa CTaHa rOJI.ffMa. Toil me 6-b}J.e B3,lla,zJ.
eH
ce_ H3JJO)K aT
B oco6eH Tpy,n noit HasaaHHe ,,HapoJJ.HO raJJ.aHne". TyK me
C8MO H.ffKOH 06IUH 6eJie)KKH.
f a ,lJ. a H H e qp e 3 B JJ. 'b X H O B e H H e. Tyif faJJ.8H He Ha-
pO.zt.HOTO BSlpBaHe .naea ila JIHUa, KOHTO ce HaMHp aT B H3B'bJ1110BelllKO
AYXOBHO C'bCTOHHHe; Ha_T8KHB8 rocno.n npHllle oBa KaKBO BM8 JJ.8 CTaHe.
Toea ra,naHHe MOraT HJIH ca MO)KaJIH .na B'bpruaT JIHU8 npaBeJ IHll.
Tyii ce Ka3Ba npe.n.cKa3BaHe, npoBH)K.ll:aHe.,
'lloeeK , 6e3 .n.a 3Hae OTK'b,ne if OT KaK_BO IlO3H8Ba, opoBIDK,Zl8 K8KBO
.
HMa JJ.3 CTaHe C eJJ.HH qoeeK , C eJJ.Ha K'b1U8, C eJJ.HO ceno B C e.ztHH eapo~
B HapOJJ.HHTe necHH ce pHcye aT OHHH .ffBJieHHH, AeTO H3BecT HH
IlOCTHHUH~:~{8JiyrepH ca npoBH)K,Zl.3JIH · na,naHeTO Ha 6-bJirapcKOTO
uapcTB o.
11 JJ.HecKa HMa JIHU8, KOHTO npoBHJK,Zl.8T . K8KBO HM8 JJ.8 CTaHe.
TyK HJJ.8T HeCmuHapume, eJJ.Ha penHrHO3Ha ceKTa, KOffO
C'bW.eCTByBa B HHKOH cena Ha Jlo3eH rpaJJ.CKO, a npeceJ ieHH B Bypra
-
CKH oKpor . TexHHSIT naTpOH e npa3HHK'bT CB. KoHcT aHTHH H Eneea
(21 Mail) , KoraTo Te B'hpruaT CBOHTe TP8JJ.HUHOHHH oope.ztH C erpH H My-
3HK8. TH.ff HrpH ce B'bpWaT ecpeJJ. )KHBH B'bfJieHH H npe3 BpeMe ea
B
HrpaHeTO HSIKOH OT HrpaeIUHTe naJJ.aT B e}J.HH TpaHC (oMaA saee) H
TOBa ceoe OM3HHO IlOJIO)KeHHe H3K83B8T H3pe11eHHH, C KOHTO ce n.pe;t-
CK33Ba Ha C'b6paHHTe ceJIHHH TYH, KOeTO HMa JJ.3 CTaee.
TaK'bB cnyqa ii e H C EHbaT a, KOSITO Ha 38JJ.3B8HH B'bnpocH OTrO-
BapH H npeJJ.cKa3Ba KaKea me 6oJJ.e roJJ.HHaTa B OTHow eeae Ha XJJe6o-
po.ztHeTo.
r a JJ. a H H e q p e 3 B H .n: e H He. B HamHr e necHe ce pa3Ka 3-
aa KaK HHKOH 6onHp H, HryMeHH H BoeBOJJ.H ca BHJJ.eJIB eJieHH C D03-
e,
JJa~~tlH poroee , c .ztpyrH Jiffll6H Ha ce6e, KaKTO nocoqH XMe e no-rop
p-
H 1HH eneHH ca cseTUH, Ta npe,Ac Kasaan u 3a npona. naee'l'O Ha 6'bnra
CKOTO uapcTBO .
.HMa JJ.pyrH cnyqaa Ha ra,AaHHe qpes BH.Q.eHHe. HMa JIHU8, KOHTO C8
T H11KOJJKO
MHHMO YMPeJIH; B TaKOB a MHHMO YMPBJ IO C'bCTOHtH.Be Te OCT8B
}J.HH, a nocne ce C'b>KHBBBaT. 3a TaKHB8 uapOABOTO bHpBa ee pasKa sBa,
.nywaT a HM XOJJ.Hna Ha OHR CBHT, BH.ll:eJIH ca paB B D'bK'b.118, pasro sapMR
ca C YMPeJIHTe H 3H3HT BCH'IIKO. TaKHB a JIHUa HM8T JJ.8p6a .zta npe.Q.BIDK-
HA POD.HA Bf/P A 275
,u.aT H .n.a npe.n.cKa3BaT KaKso HM a ,u.a cTaHe. (6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaH-
UH, TopHoBcKo . Cps. )I(. cTap . , I II, 278-279.)
r JI e .n a He. TyK H.lI.aT HHK0JIKo cnoco6H 3a ra,u.aHHe. TT1>pB1u1T
cnoco6, qe HMa M'bR<.e H R<.eHH, KOHT0 no HaCJie)l.CTB0 OT 6aw.a H .MaHKa
3H3HT .na rJie,naT Ha 606, Ha uapeBHUa HOT pa3n0JIOR<.eHHeTO Ha 3'bpHa-
Ta npe,u.cKa3B3T KaKBO HMa .na CTaHe Ha e,u.Ho JIHUe. TyH r.ne,u.aHe
ce K33Ba BpaJICaHe H R<.eHJne, KOHTO . rJie,ll.aT, ce K33B3T epatf.KU.
npyrH r JJe)].aT Ha KHl-ffH, Ha Kacpe, no 6po11KHTe Ha ,ll.JI3HTa, no
6po'IKHTe Ha qeJI0TO H OTTaM0 Ba~HT CBOHTe npe.n.cKa3B3HJHI 3a 60,u.e-
UJ.eTO.
TpeTH rJie,ll.aT Ha nJiernKaTa Ha R<HB0TH0T0. Ha feprbOB,ll.eH ce K0JIH
arHe; Ha o6poK H CJiyR<.6a ce K0JIH nrnJie HJIH OBeH; Ha CB. I1JIH51 K0JIHT
CTapHH·neTeJI; npH CB'bpnrnaHe irn B'bpWHT6aTa KOJIHT npH CT0R<.epa qep-
BeH neteJI; npH 3aroae3HH ~OJIHT KOKOWKH: Ha TTeTpOB,ll.eH KOJIHT nnJie.
BoB JlCH'IKHTe THH CJiytJaH 33KJiaHHTe R<HBOTHH ca R<.epTBa, C H3KJIIO-
qeH1-1e KOKOWKaTa Ha 3aroBe3HH. HapO,ll.HOTO BHpBaHe e Hape.ZI.HJIO,
III.OTO TJUI R<.HB0THH H JlTHUH .na ce rreKaT HJIH rOTBHT ueJIH, Ta IIJiernKaTa
'H rp'b.ZJ.HaTa K0CT (KOHHK'bT) .na 60,u.aT 3,n:paBH, 33 ,n:a M0>Ke Ha THX .na ce
rJie,u.a.
KoraTo ce,n:HaT Ha Tparre3aTa HJIH cocppaTa ,n:a H)I.aT, rIJiernKaTa H
KOHHK'bT C Meco w.e ce OT,ll.eJIH H ,n:a,n:e Ha rJie.n.a11a, KOHTO BCHKOra e
M'b>K. Kai-o ce H8H,ll.aT, r Jie,na'l'hT, KaTO e H3HJI MeCOTO· OT nJieruKaTa H
KOHHKa, JlOtJHyBa ,n:a rJie.n.a H .na OTraTBa. AKO e B lJ3CTHa Korn.a, OT-
raTBaHeTo ce OTHaCH caMO .no TaH 3a.z:r.pyra HJIH ceMeHCTBO; aKo e
o6m.a Tpane3a, Ha o6poK, cpop, K0K0llla uopKBa, .neTo ce co6Hpa UHJIO
ceJio, Toraaa rJie.naHeTo H oTraTBaHeTo ce 0THacH .no UHJI0T0 ceJio.
fJie)J.alJ'hT rJie.na Ha IIJielllKaTa HJIH Ha K0HHKa H 0TraTBa 33 60-
.new.eTo, K8T0 qe tJeTe Ha KHHra. (Ba6a CTOeHHUa, C. fiaJIB3HUH, .llecna
EHbOBHu·a , c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo , J:lH.ll.O Ka.n110, c. fopHo ITaBJIHKeHH,
CBHW.OBCKO ; I1MaM 3a6eJie>KeHH 0TraTBaHHH OT tJeTHpHMa rJie.na 1rn Ha
rr.nelllKa.)
)KeHHTe ce Ka3BaT Bpa'I.KU, BpaJ1CapKu, z.11.eaa'lKU, 6acHap,cu,
a M'b>KeTe - C3MO z.11.eiJa'lU.
Ha nJielllKa rJie.na caM0 M'bR<, a Ha K0HHKa M'h>Ke H >KeHH, HO
MHOfO pH.ZJ.KO >KeHH.
Com.o ce rJie.n.a Ha IIJielllKa H Ha R<.eJio.ZJ.'bKa Ha KoJie,u.HoTo npace.
HHKora B'bB BCHKO ceJio e HM3JIO rJie,n:atJH, KOHTO ca BHK3HH Ha-
BCHK'b)I.e, r.neTo e HMaJio o6poK, cJiy>K6a -HJIH .npyra o6pe,u.Ha Tpane3a,
H .ZJ.JI'b>KH0CTTa HM e 6HJia .na rJie,u.aT. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH,
TopHOBCK0 , 6a6a 'BoJIKaHa ITeHOBHUa, C. JlHTaKOBO H ,u.p.)
r a .n a H He rr o c 'h H H· :w. a. TyI1 ra,u.aHHe ce Ka3Ba C'o-
HOBHUK.
,,KoraTo 11oaeK sacnH - Ka3sa 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH-
- ,u.ylllaTa MY 0CTaBa npH CHaraTa, a CHHKaTa X0,ll.H, CKHTa ce . CHHKaTa
ToraBa XO)I.H H8BCHK'b)I.e , Ha ropHHH CBHT H . Jf.OJIHIHI, 38W.OTO 3a HeH
 276 ,aHMHT 'bP M.APHH OB

Cil'bHKa HHMa, npet1Ka HS1Ma. TR TOfaBa BCHqKo BH')~H H TOBa, IIJ.O BH)(H,
)(OH,ne, Ta ro pa3Ka3sa Ha eywa1a H cHaraTa."
T1u1 B'b3rJieJ1.1,1 3a c1>CTOjlHHeTo Ha ,qyruaTa cno,aeJIH om.e H 6a6a
B1>p6a fHHeBa, qepKOBHaTa 6a6a s c. PeceH, T1>pH0BcKo, 1<0HTO Mttoro
3Hae H MHoro pa36Hpa; cno.11.enHxa .-i: 6a6a Jv\apHH .llo6peaa TTepq:>aHo-
Ba, rp . TTaHanopHm.e, 6a6a .llotta Y3ytt-HHKOl lOBa, c. lllHnKa, 6a6a
To)(opa n. XpHcToaa, c . JlHTaKoBo.
• ,,KoraTo cnH tJ:oBeK, .nyrnaTa e npB Hero, 38IIJ.OTO, aKo ,nyrnaTa H3-
Jie3He - TqraBa y1vrnpa" - Ka3B~ 6a6a .MHtJa HnHtiqeaa, c. 1(03ap
BeneHe.
,,TyH, KOeTo e BH)(51Jia C51HKaTa H Ka3aJia Ha .n;yrnaTa H CHaraTa,
HHe Ka3BaMe - CoHyBaM,C'bHHIIJ.a" - Ka3Ba 6a6a Mopcpa, c . .llepeKbOH .
,,CHHKaTa e BH)(51Jl8 BCHtJ:KO H 3Hae BCHqKo H Ka3aJia e Ha ,nymaTa
H cttaraTa m.o e BH.ztHJia H m.o 3Hae - npHTYPH 6a6a .lloHa Y3yH-IiHKO -
noaa, - HO CHaraTa He MO>Ke .n;a 33ITOMHH BCHtJ:KO." ETO 38m0 HHe
38110MHIOB aMe OT C'hHHI.IJ.aTa CH caMo HSIKOH, a HSIKOH MHOfO ThMHO H
HeSICHO. BcHtJ:KHTe C'bHHIIJ.a 03Haq,aaaT Hem.o; rrpe.n;cKa3B 8T Hemo, HO
HHe He Mo>KeM .n;a 3HaeM. Ho KoraTo HH .n;oHJ{e .n;o rnaaaTa .n;OQ.po unH
JIOUIO, Hue Toraaa ce cem.aMe 3a C'bHyBaHHTe pa6oTH H Toraaa BH>K.ztaMe
KOH C'bH e rroKa3BaJI .zto6po, a KOH Jiorno. (Ba6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa,
c. BaJIBaH, TopHoBcKo .)
r J1 ThH 11pe3 XHJISI)(H fO)(HHH OT rraTH.iia H ,no6pyBaHe H Ha6JIIO-
.n;eHHH 6oJirapcKH HT ceJIHHHH e ycn.HJI .n;a )(OJIOBH 3HalleHHeTO Ha C'bHH-
nxaTa H .z:ta rH pa3raJ{aBa. Ho He BCeKH CeJISIHHH J,{ CeJISIHKa MO>Ke .n;a
pa3ra.naaa ; TOBa 3H3SIT caMO HHKOH: TH.ff, KOHTO 3H8SIT H .na rne,naT.
flo TOH HallHH HapO)('bT CH C'b3)(8JI· rrpaBHJia KOH C'bH KaKBO
o3Haqaaa .
11M'a M 6oraT C'b6paH MaTepHaJI, HO TOH Il{e 60.n;e H3,na,neH B oco-
6eH Tpy.n. .
Ilpe.nMeTH Ha C'bHyBaHHSITa ca BCHtJ:KHTe o6eKTH, C KOHTO CH
CJIY.>KH qoaeK B KaTa,nHeBHaTa pa6oTa: K'bIII.3, IlOK'bl.IU{Ha, 3eMJie,neJI-
qecKH ype.nH, ype.nH 33 >KeHCKO poKO,neJIHe, o6eKTH 33 xpaHa, 33
o6JieKJio, )(OM3llIHH H J{HBH IlTHUH H >KHBOTHH, rapa, peKa, 3Be3.ztH,
Meceu H CJI'bHUe - C e.,l(Ha .nyMa BcHqKo, KOeTo tIOBeK BIDK,ll.a, KOeTO
cnyma, C KOeTo pa6oTH, KOeTO OOJIHIJa H SIJ{e.
BcHqKHTe THSI aemecTBa, o6eKTH H TeJia a C'bHIUI{aTa ce C'btieTaaaT
B pa3H006pa 3HH cpaHT3CTHIJHH o6pa3H H )1.eHCTBHH H B THX qoaeK e· HJIH
aKTHBeH yqacTHHK, HJIH rracHBeH. He caMo caMHTe o6eKTH, Bem.ecTBa,
Te.Tia H .>KHBOTHH C TeXHH cpaHTaCTHqHH C'btJeTaHH .neiicTBHH HMaT 3Ha-
qeHHe a pa3raTaaH e 61,,nemeT<? Ha qoaeKa, Ho TYK Hrpae Ba)KHa ponH
om.e H apeMeTO npea HOW.Ta, ·Kora e C'bHyBaJI TOSI C'bH: .naJIH e y 110-
TaHHa .n;o6a HJIH y n'bpBH neTJIH H y C'bMHHJIO, ,naJIH e y Il'bpBHH C'bH
HJIH noCJie, KaTO e aacnaJI OTHOBO, T. e .- H BTOpH C'bH, e BH)(SIJI TOH C'bH.
qacT OT TH.ff MatepHaJIH 33 H3JIO)KHX, KaTo roaopex 38 o6eKTHTe,
BemecTBaTa, TeJiaTa H >KHBOTHHTe B'bB BHpBaHHHTa Ha Hapo.n;a.
f a J( 8 H H e n O J( B H .>K e H H H T a (T p e n e p e H H H T a)
HAPO /1.HA BJ[PA 277
Ha H HK OH q a CT II OT C H a r a T a . 11 ca~rnTe qacTH Ha CHaraTa
3HMaT yqacTHe B C'h)J.6aTa Ha tIOBeKa , 3apa.n.H TOBa H Te cJiy:>KaT .n.a ce
pa3f3TH e 6'h.n.ell(eTo My' KaKBO HMa .n.a TerJIH HJIH .n.o6pya a.
He ca BCHtIKHTe tiaCTH, a CaMo HHKOH'. OKOTO, Be:>K,LI.aTa, 6y3aTa,
MycraK' hT H yxoro.
OKOTO, Be.>K.n.ara, 6y3ara H :M ycTaK'bT ra,LI.aHT C'hC CBOHTe )J.BH:>Ke·-
HHH, rpenepa HHH, a yxoro caMo enc caoeTo CBHpeHe .
.Jl.aJHi BH HrpaJio JIHB0TO HJIH ,ll..HCHOT0 OKO, ,LI.aJIH e rpenepa Jia
.IJ.HCHaTa HJIH JI.HBaTa Be:>K.n.a, )J.HCHaTa HJIH JI.HBaTa 6ysa (cTpam ma)
·1-1 KOH -MYCTaK, )J.3JIH Ha nJienIKa Ta )J..HCHa HJIH JIHBa - BCH1IK0 "roBa
noKa3B a KaKBO HMa .n.a ce CJiytIH Ha tJOBeKa - JIOillO HJIH .n.o6po.
Cnlll.0 e Ba.>KHO .n.aJIH e nHCH3JIO )l..HCH0T0 yxo HJIH Jl.HBOT0; 0TTaM6
ce noaHaB a .n.aJIH H3BecTHeTo, KOeTo me ce noJiytJH , Il(e 60.n.e .n.o6po
H pa~0CTH 0, HJIH .,10II10 H CKpo6H o. ,
MaTepH aJI'bT, cn6paH H3 TaH o6JiacT, C'bM HapeK'hJI mpenemnuK.
a )I. a H H e Il 0 0 r 'h H .H Ii )I. H M a. OroH.HT H )J.HM'bT T0:>Ke
f
noKa3B3 JIH K3KB0 HMa .n.a CTaBa B l{'bll(aTa .
Koraro ce 3anaJIH or'hH.HT, rJie.n.ar .n.aJIH rJiaBHHTe nHIII..HT (ne.HT)
H npall(HT ; TYH IlHCKaH e (neeHe) Ha fJI3BHHT e TI0K83B a, qe H.HK0H f0B0-
pHT JI0ill0 33 K'hll(aTa , 3aToBa noBeJIH Ba ce, K0HTO e npH 0fHHIIJ.e T0, .n.a
nJIIOBHe y rJiaBHH Ta, K0HT0' nHil(H. B.HpBaH ero TBopJ(H, q·e KJieaerH H-
K'bT me CH npexan e esHKa H Il(e MJI'hKHe. Como e Ba.>KH0, KoraTo rJiaB-
HHTe CHJIH0 nparn.HT - me HMa npH.n.o6HB, 3aTOBa ce Pa.zI.BaT.
Jl.HM'hT, Koraro H3Jle3He H3 KYMHHH, rJie)J.aT Ha KOH crpaHa Il(e
0TH)J.e: )J.3JIH Harope HJIH Ha)J.0JIY, )J.8JIH K'hM nJia)J.He HJIH K'bl\l Il0Jl}-
H0il(. fJie)J.aT 0ll(e .n.aJIH e · f'bCT HJIH p.H,Zl.'bK, J(3JIH e qepeH HJIH 6HJI.
,,BCHl!KO T0Ba noKa3B a KaKB0 HMa .n.a 60.n.e B I{'blll.aTa " - Ka3a 6a6a
CroeHH Ua, c . 6aJIBaH UH . Colll.O rJie.n.aT H Ha n.naM1>Ka, KOHTO H3.,lH3a
OT J('bpBeTaTa.
Ha 0f'bHH H TIJl3l\·l 'bKa rJieJ(aT oco6eHO Ha 6'bJ(HH Beqep.
tJie.n.a ce H neneJira : .n.aJIH craaa Ha 6yuH HJIH e poaKa. Ilop-
BoTo noKa3Ba Jio, qe apeMeT o Il(e ce pa3BaJIH . (6a6a KnHa TieTKOB a,
C. AJITHMH p.)
fa.n.aH He no rJiaC 0BeT e H'8 IlTHU HTe H .>KH-
B 0 T H H Te. 11 IlTHUHT e H :>KHB0THHTe C'hC CB0HTe fJl8COBe Il0K33B aT
K8KB0 HMa ).la CTaHe B 3a,npyr aTa, C'bC CT0naH HHa, C qeJIH).lTa MY HJIH
C'bC CT0KaTa. TyK B .IJ.0M3lllHHTe TITHUH Hrpae fOJIHMa pOJIH neTeJI'bT,
no-MaJIK O K0K0lllK ara; a OT ).lHBHTe - CBpaKa Ta H KYKYMH BKaTa.
Or .>KHBOTHHTe )J.0MalllHH Kyqero CTOH Ha IlbpBO"MHCTO, a ceTHe KOHBT
H B0JI'bT. OT ).lHBHTe :>KHBOTHH cpe~aT ce 3aeK'bT H JIHCHUaTa, a TaKa
C'bllf.0 ce cpew.a H 3MIUITa .
IlereJI'b T enc caoero KyKypH ratte BC.HKora .n.o6po H3Becn rna:
HJIH fOCT w.e ).lOH.ZI.e, HJIH pa.n.ocT Il(e 60).le, HJIH BpeMeT 0 w.e ce pa3B8JI H .
KoKorn Kara caMo Kora nponee KaTo neTeJI, npe).lBe ll(aBa JI0llJ0.
Ky11ero , KoraTo BHe .>KaJIH0, npe.n.nell(aBa Jiomo. Cow.o H KOHHT ,
Koraro UBHJJH HOW.HO BpeMe, BOJl'bT HJIH KpaBaT a, KoraTo MYKar,
278 /iHMHT"bP MAPHHOB

KyKyMHBKaTa BeCTHBa C rJiaca CH BCHKora JIOIIIO; cspa1<;ara JI.O•

6po. 3aeKbT, KaTO MHHe IlbT, H3BeCTHBa JIOIIIO, a JIHCHUa-ra .u.o6po.
3MIUITa, KaTo ce HBH s Asopa JWH a =K1>m,aTa, aecTHBa Jiorno.
Tiocne TYK 11Ae fbCKaTa C KpHKaHeTO CH, naTHll8Ta, CBHHHTa - OT
aca11Ko ce no3HaBa 6b.u.em,eTo s KbI.II,aTa. (6a6a U.oHa Tietteaa, c . . Ma-
pawKH TpbcTem-1K, 6a6a Beil a BbJI1IaHoaa, c. KHe:>Ka.)
r a JI. a H He no n JI o ..u. o s e Te H a 6 b JI. H H Be tf e p .
Ha BbJI.HH se11ep Ha Tpane3aTa Me)KJI.Y )I.pyrHTe n~o)I.ose cJiaraT ce H
KaJI.HT ce opexn. Te ce KaJI.HT cal\10 aam,oTo npe.u.cKa3BaT 6b.nem,eTo Ha
qoaeKa. IlocJie npeKa.u.aatteTo aceKH auMa no e.u.nH opex H ro c11ynsa
H no TOBa, JI.8JIH e nbJieH HJIH npa3eH, HJIH qepBHB - n03H3Ba ce KaKBO
w.e 6bJJ.e w.acTHeTo Ha 'IOBeKa npe3 rOJJ.HHaTa. Cblll,O nyKaT _ n bnKH
,n.pHHOBH H no THXHOTO nyKaHe Il03H3B8T macTJ-leTO HJIH HeI.II,aCTHeTO CH.
f a JI. a H H e Il O C p e I.II, H T e. TyK HJJ.8T OHHH MaTepHaJIH,
KOHTO ce H3JIO)KHXa no-rope 3a JJ.06paTa cpem.a H JIOIIIaTa cpema, T. e.
KaK no JIHUaTa Ha :>KHBOTHHTe, KOHTO cpew.He qoseK, KaTO H3Jie3He
H3 apaTHHU.aTa, MO)Ke J.1.8 OTf8THe H Il03Hae KaKBO ro qaKa H3 nbTH
MY HJIH KaK m.e MHHe )l.eHHT.
C1IHT8M 38 H3JIHIIIHO JI.a npHnOBTOpH THSI cse.u.em-IH.
f a JI. a H H e Il O p a 3 JI H B a H e H a H SI_ K O H T e q H o-
c T H. CJiyqaa ce, Ta ce paaJiee BeJJ.pOTO HJIH KOTeJibT C BO,U.aTa;
.na.u.He HJIH ce H3BbpHe ll8IIIa C BHHOTO H ce pa3Jiee; CHnaH e aeiiTHH
B THraHH H THf8HbT raaHe, Ta ce paaJiee; HJIH CTbKJIOTO ce H3,B bpHe
H 3eiiTHHbT ce paacune; CbIIJ.O H ou.eT ce paanee. BcH1IKH THH paa•
JIHB3HJUI HMaT CBOeTo 3Ha1IeHHe H npeJJ.CK33B3T KaKBO HMa .n..a CTal{e;
AKo ce pa3.nee ao.u.a H BHHO - .u.o6po e, aKo ce paaJiee aeitTHH HoueT - ,
JIOllIO e. Tosa .u.o6po . H JIOlllO HMa CBOH TbJIKYB8HHH H JJ.OTI'bJIHeHHH,
KOHTO w.e 6b~aT H3JIO:>KeHH Ha .u.pyro MHCTO.
f a JI. a H H e Il O H a p H q a H e. TyK HJJ.aT OHHH paaraTpaHJUI,
KOHTO ca cJiyqaifHH, 3aw.0To 3aBHCHT OT TYH, KoeTo qoseK e mipeKbJI:
aKO CTaHe TOBa, KOeTo e HapeqeHO, IlOKa3Ba, qe H8MHCJieHOTO >KeJia-
HHe w.e ce c6b)l.He. TyK w.e H3JIO:>KHM C3MO HHKOJIKO 33 pa3HCHeHHe.
Ha 3arOBe3HH ce naJIH KOHeU.bT, Ha KOHTO e Bbp3aHa 6una xaJI-
BaTa HJIH HHUaTa 3a JiaMKaHe; KaTo ro aanaJIHT, HapH1I~T: ,,AKo MoMaTa
w.e ce o:>KeHH npea TaH roJI.HHa, KOHeU.bT .u.a H3ropH .u.orope" - H rJie-
.u.ar .u.anH w.e H3ropH cnope.u. HapeqeHo, HJIH ue. AKo HaropH .norope,
BHpBa ce, qe MOM~:ra w.e ce O.>KeHH; He H3ropH JIH, TH HHMa .u.a ce O:>KeHH.
AKO. HflKOH KHXHe, HapHqa ce: ,,AKO Me CilOMHHH e)l.H·KOH CH, .u.a KHXHa
' " .
pme BeJJ.Hb:>K - H aKO KHXHe, BHpBa ce, qe HapeqeHOTO JIHUe ro cno-
.

1t{~HSI. XsbpraT ce MalllHTe H ce HapH11a: ,,AKO OTHJJ.8 yTpe e.u.H-K'b)l.e

CH - cnOMHHH MHCTOTO, - TO MaIIIHTe JJ.3 na,n.HaT C KyKHTe H~ony"
- H r Jie.naT KaK w.e na.u.HaT MaIIJHTe. HeeecTaTa, KOHTO oqeKea HS1Koro
OT HeHHHTe )lOM8lllHH H3 6am,HHaTa H KbI.II,a, XBbpra orpH6KaTa !I Ha•
pHqa: ,,AKo ·orpH6KaTa na.nHe c JJ.Pb.>KKaTa KbM orHHIII.eTo, aawHTe
w.e JJ.OH.l{aT" - H r Jie)l.aT KaK ~e lla)J.He orpH6KaTa. HJJ.aT UH\11a i eepHra
no.u.o6HH HapaqaHHH, KOHTO ~e 6b.l{at 1{3JIO.>KeHH Ha .n.pyro MSICT.O. (Ba6a
HAPOJZH A BPPA 279
81>JIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoao, 6a6a. MH11a HnuAqeaa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe,
6a6a MapHSI, c. Jlecn.npeH, 6a6a .lloHa YayH-HHKo Jioaa, c. llIHnKa
H ,np.)
TyK H,ne H OHOBa ra,naHe qpea Hapif'laHe, KOeTO Hrpae Ba>KHa
pOJISI B J18)\BaHHSITa, .neTo MOMHTe qpea HapuqaHHSI M'b'laT ce .na OTf8THaT
KOH~ KaK'bB MOM'bK HM ce na.na .na 3eMaT 3a CBOH M'b>K - HapHqaHHH ,
KOHTO w.e O'b.l{8T H3JIO}KeHH TYK Ha pe.na CH.
Karo aaKmo11eHue w.e Ka>KeM: ·UHJia ,n'hJira Bepura OT o6eKTH,
Bern.ecTBa H HBJieHHSI qoBeK e 3eJI KaTO KJIK>'I, 3a .na MOJKe ,na OTKJIIO'IH
TaHHHTe apaTa Ha ci.n6aTa H .na pa3ra.nae Tyif, mo ca MY onpe,nenHJIH
opHCHHUI-IT e H ,,naK He MOJKe llOBeK ,na 003Hae nycTOTO opHcaHo" -
38K.lIIOllH 6a6a C1oeHHUa, C. BaJIBaHUH, OT KOHTO C'b6pax e,nHa fOJIHMa
qacT OT MOHTe MaTepHaJIH no ra,naTeJICTBOTO.

5. PycaAKu
PycaJIKHTe ca >KeHCKH C'bI.IJ.eCTBa - MOMH MHOfO
KpaCHBH, C .l{'bJifH pycH KOCH H C Kp1rne.
Te }KHBeHT TaMO Ha KpaH CBHT, a n ·p H Hae .noxa}K,lJ.aT CaMO Be,n-
H'b)K B ro.nuHaTa, npea nponeTTa, KoraTo Tpst6aa .na pocHT xne6opo,nue
B'bpxy U'bq>HaJIHTe HHBH, Ta .na 3aB'bp3BaT XJIH6. (fia6a CroeHHUa,
c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a B'hp6a fHHesa, c. PeceH, T'hpHoBcKo.) Te p'bCHT
poca, Ta KJiacoseTe 3aB'bp3B8T XJIH6. P'hCHT H3 por. (Ba6a Kepa )Ke-
JIH3KOBa, c·. BansaH.)
Karo HapocHT HHBH1e H CB'bprnaT CBOHTa pa6oTa, Te CH 3aMHHaBaT .
Or THX 3aBHCH ,naJIH HHBHTe w.e 38B'bp:maT MHOfO XJU:16 HJIH MaJIKO,
T. e . .nanu me HMa xne6opo,nHe, HJIH He me m,ia.
PycaJIKHTe pocHT XJIH6 npe3 UHJia ce,nMHU.a no Cnacos.neH, aaroaa
H TaH He1:{eJI.H ce Hapu11a PycaAcKa rteae/lft, HJIH Pycall.JI,. BstpBaHeTo Ha-
po,nHo 3a6paHHBa ,na ce pa6oTH npea Ta.SI He,neJIR, 3amOTo e 11ocBeTeHa
Ha pycaJIKHTe H Tp.H6Ba ,na ce npa3Hyaa B qecT Ha pycaJIKHTe, B qecT
Ha HHBHTe, Ha XJUI6a. B.HpBaHeTO YTB'bp,nsrna, qe KOHTO pa6oTH npea
Ta.SI He,neJISI, paa6oJIHBaJI ce.
PycaJIKHTe .l{OXa}K.l{aT npH Hae Ha PycaJICKa cp.SI,na, KHT.SIT C
neJIHH H poceH H npuraTBHT ce 33 CBOHTa pa6ora; moM HaCT'bilH Py-
caJICKaTa He,nen.SI, re not1Hysar poceHeTo. '
(Ba6a Bu.na, c .- CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a TieHa, c. PaKOBHU.a, 6a6a CraHa,
c . Kpuso,non, 6a6a Casa HsaHHUa, c. Bstna CnarHHa, 6a6a Mu11a HJIHH-
11eea, c . Ko3ap BeneHe, 6a6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JluTaKoao, 6a6a Pyca Hu-
Konosa, C. Tp'bCTeHHK.)

BTOPA fPYnA
HeBH.l{HMH C'bll.l;eCTBa, KOHTO, MaKap H .na ca CBpox-
ecrecTBeHH, HHMaT o6aqe 60:meCKO npOH3XO:>K.l{eHHe H HMaT B ce6e CH
280 P.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

KOH noaeqe, Koii no-ManKo HHK0H qe.11oaeqecKH caoiicTBa. TyK H,n.ar

H 6 0 ne C T H T e.
Haii-Ba>KHaTa ll3CT OT Hapo,n.H0T0 BHpBaHe C'bCTaBJIHB3T 6oJie-
CTHTe. Te Il'bnHHT UHJI0T0 BHpBaHe, BCHllKHTe o6pe,n.H H peJIHfH03HHTe
06H1IaH.
H -c1po,n.HOTO BHpBaHe pHC) Ba 6oJieCTHTe KaT0 HeBH,llHMH CBp'bxe-
CTeCTBeHH C'blll.eCTBa, HO Te HMaT MHoro· qeJioBetieCKH CBOHCTBa. Bo.Tie-
CTHTe ca >KeHH, K0HT0 ce H3MHpaT IlOJl npHKaTa BJiaCT Ha 6ora H TOH
rH ~palll.a Me:>K,ZJ.y Hae, KoraTo HcKa ,n.a HaKa>Ke xopaTa sapa,n.H TeXHH-
Te rpeX0BHH npecT'bnJieHHH.
Te -H,n.BaT npH Hae B qeJI0BelleCKH >KeHCKH o6pa3H, f0BOpHT K3TO
Hae, H,ll.aT, IlHHT, MoraT .n.a ce IlOJlKynaaT H YMHJIOCTHBHB3T, a MOfaT
.n.a ce pa3C'bp.D,HT H .n.pa3HHT.
Bonecrra H.D,e no 6o>KHe noBeJieHHe H HOCH c'hc ce6e CH perH-
CThp, B KOHTO ca OT6eJIH3aHH ceJiaTa H ceMeikTBaTa, K0HTO TH TpH6Ba.
.n.a H3MOpH; o6aqe B MHOf0 0THOI.lleHHH TH e ~aMOBJiaCTHa, T. e. MO:>Ke
,n.a M0pH T31\'10, 11.eTo Hlll.e, H TOJIKOBa, K0JIKOTO HCKa. AKO ce no.n.KynK
C no.n.ap'bUH, TH CTaBa MHJl0CTHBa H He MOpH; pa3.D,pa3HH JIH ce, TR
H3Tpe6JIHBa BCHllKO - UHJio·•ceJio, He caM0 llOBeUHTe, HO H nceTaTa.-
ETo 38IUO, KoraTO ce qye, qe H.D,e HHK0H 6oJieCT' npHraTBHT ce
BCHqKH .n.a H nocpern,HaT H YMHJIOCTHBHT. Ho He caMO KoraTO H)le HJIH'
ae11e e Jl0I.llJia e.n.Ha 6oJJecT, nocpern,aT H c 11ecT H npa3HeHCTB0, a H3o6-
m.o Ha BCJiqKH 6oJieCTH ca ycTp0HJIH npa3HeHCTBa, C >KeptB0ilpHH0IIIe..
HHH; H Mo:>Ke .na ce Ka:>Ke, qe no-roJIHMaTa qacT OT npa3HeHCTBaTa, o6pe-
.llHTe H OT o6Hll3JfTe ca ycTpoeHH H nocseTeHH B THXHa qecT.
BoJJecTliTe >1<1rneHT Ha Kpafl CBHT, .n.eTo 0611TaBaT BCH'IKHTe .n.pyrH
.n.yxoae: caMOBHJIH, pycaJIKH, opHCHHUH, 3MefmBe H .n.p . , .n.eTO e H 3eM-
HaTa K'bllI,a Ha 6ora. KaKTO -Ka3aXMe, Te H.D,BaT npH Hae He KaKT0 npa-
BHT .n.pyr11Te C'bIUeCTBa BCHKa fO.D,HHa, a caMO Torasa, KoraTO fH npaTH
rocno.n.. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c . BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a.
Taaa IleHKOBa, c. Hoao ceJio, Cea;rneBcKo.)
DOJI.ecTHTe ca OT .D,Ba po.n.a. -E.zt.HHTe ca ll03H3TH Ha BCH'IKH H BCSI-
K'b.D,e H ce HapHllaT peiJHll, T. e. enH)leMHH, . npHJienqHBH .ca H MH0f0
. onycT0IIIHTeJIHH·, a .n.pyrHTe He ca pe.D,HSI. OTTaMO 6oJieCTHTe me pa3)le-
JIHM Ha .n.se rpynH.
B Il'bpBaTa rpyIIa H.D,aT CJie.D,HHTe 6oJJeCTH:

I . l/.yMa, KapaH (XacKOBCKO)

llyMaTa ce Hapuqa a H~l'K0H MecTa ome KapaH.
,,BHraJIH cMe y KapaHa" - npHK33Ba ,ll.H,ll.0 JlHMHT'bp TiyMnaJIOB-
To.nopoB, c . Oaa.D,:>KHK, XacKoBcKo .
l!yMaTa B Hapo.nHHTe necHH ce HapHqa ,,11epaa 11yMa", ,,on1eHa-
qyMa". llepHa ce Hap11qa, 3arn,0To, ,n.eTo MHHe, onycTowasa H o6JJH'la
B<!HqKo B qepH0, a orHeHa, 3alll.0T0 npe.n. ce6e CH naJIH H rop~, 0CTaBa
CJie.n ce6e cli nycTHHH. (Ba6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c .
HA POP.HA BflPA 281
BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a TieHa , c. KJIHcypa. CpB. C6HY, XIV, 10,13, KonpH-
. BlUHUa).
Hapo~Horo BHpBaHe ~aBa Ha 11yMara TaK'hB o6pa3: iKeHa crapa,
rpo3Ha 6a6HllK3, C )l.'bJifH pa3pomeHH HeBqecaHH KOCH, C )l.bJifH p'b-
ue H C roJJeMH HOKTH. MHoro rpO3Ha. B pbuere HOCH KOCa, C KO.HTO·
Koca orcH1.1a r.11aBHTe Ha xopara.' O6.11e11eHa e B qepHa .n.pHna.
rocno.n. H npama He 33 or.n.eJiHH rpeIIIHHUH H npeCTbTTHHUH, a
caMO Koraro rOJISIMa 1I3CT OT iKHTeJmTe Ha e.n.Ho Ce.TIO, Ha e,IUIH rpa.n:~
aa e)l.HH UH.TI Kpaii craHaT rpeIIIHHUH H CT3H3T JIOll.lH H BbplllaT 6e3-
3aKOHHSI. (Ba6a CroeHHUa, c. Ba.11saHUH, 6a6a ,Uecna, c. PeceH, [1>p-
HOBCKO, 6a6a Pyca CJiasosa, c. KHnHJioso, EJiettcKo, 6a6a Tie1-1a, c..
CeMHc1-1e, XacKoBcKo.)
l1sHa1-1a.110 1-1yMara 6HJia MHoro crpallIHa, TOJIKOBa crparnHa, moTo•
caMo Karo H nor.11e.n.He 1-10BeK, ·yMHpaJI OT crpax. 11 caM rocno.n: ce yrJJJa-
IIIHJI OT HeH; 3aTOBa TOH ·H rpecHaJI; cera TH e cxsaHaTa BbB BpaTa CH, Ta•
He MOiKe ..n.a ce 06bpHe HH HaJIHBO, HH H3Jl.SICHO,. a CaMO rJie,naJia Ha-
npe.n.e CH H BHX<,n:a caMo roaa, mo e rrpe.n. HeH. (Ea6a Pa.n:a, c. T1>p-
HOB0. C6HY, IX, 130, BeJiec.)
Koraro rocno,n npama 11yMaTa .n.a MopH, Tott H .n:asa me¢mep-
(cnHCbK), B KOHTO ca 3aTIHC3HH BCHllKH OHH.H qoseuH H ceMeHCTBa,
K3KT0 H ceJia, .n.ero w.e MOpH. 11 TSI TpbrBa C TOH Te<prep. .
Karo CTHrHe .no HHKOe ceJio, npe,n:H .n.a BJie3He, TH ce HBJJHBa
Ha HSIK0H xopa BbB BH.ll. Ha CTapa 6a6HlJ_Ka H 06HKHOBeHo CH,n:a Kpaa.
CeJIOTO npH HHKOe Jl.bPBO HJJH 11ernMa H pa3IlHTBa 33 KbmHTe H ce-
MeHCTBara, B KOHTO me MOpH, Karo: e,n.H-KOH CH KbW.a Kb,ne ce na.n.a
B ceJIOTO HJIH e,n.H-KOH CH ceJHIHHH K'b,n:e )l(HBee H reM no.n:o6HH. l1
rorasa BJIH33 B ce.11oro. (Ea6a ,Uecna, c .. ,UepeMaxJie, 6a6a Detta, c.
CeMHcqe,)
MaKap qe HMa CITHC'bK, no KOHTO w.e MOpH, HO B MHOfO CJiy'IaH·
33BHCH OT HeH; .n.ero H rrocpemttaT CJlOlJeCT H .~ero ce na3H 1-IHCTOTa H
rpexose He npaBHT, raMo TH He MopH. Ero 3amo, Karo ce 11ye 3a llY-·
Mara, BCeKH CH IlOMHTa H nolJHCTBa .n:sopa, K'bW.aTa, KOIIIapHTe H 3HM-·
HHJlHTe; na3.HT ce OT Kpa:>K6a, Jlb:>Ka; M'b)K He npHXO,nH npH .:>KeHa CH.
HHKaK B 11yMaBO BpeMe.
Hapo,n:HOTO B.HpBaHe TB'bp,n:H, qe qyMaTa IL'v!a ,nere tty.AtHUt.te H
K0raTO Tp'brtte ,na MOpH, BO.UH ro C'bC ce6e. Ero 3~lll.0 B'bB BCHKa K1>w.a
npHraTBSIT KOpHTO, rpe6eH H xyMa H BCHKa ae11ep ry:>K,naT npH THX H,
KOTeJI C TOTIJia BO,Aa - Ta npe3 HOI.UTa, ~KO .l{OH,n.e, ,Aa ce OMHe H OK'bne-
,AeTeT0. Como if cJiarar co<ppa c Me,n.eHa nHra, BHHo H coJI - ra .n:a
xanHe.
TH ce 6Jiaropa3noJiaraJia H He MopHJia B TaKaBa K'hW.a.
HaH-MHOro BopJiyBa B TaKHBa K'hlll.H HJIH M3XJIH, ,n.eTo HMa:·
xaft,n.yK, MafhOCHHUa, Kypsa :>KeHa; MOpH ow.e I{ Kp'bttMapHH HJIH .11.YKHH-
A:>KHH, KOHTO ca ,n.aBaJIH eKCHK HJI H ca CMeCBaJIH B paKHHTa H BHHOTO
B0)l.a, s 6p-arnHOTO neneJI, B mmepa KepeMH)lH H np . H np. MopH Cblll.0·
Ero
0

H B- K'hUJ,a, ,n.eTo HMa H3e,n.Jt'HK, npe,AaTeJI H HaCHJIHHK. 331IJ,O B,

282 /l,HMHT1'P MAPHHOB

liHKOH KomH H3M.OpBa BCHlJKH, H nceTaTa AOPH, a B CoCe,llHaTa Koma He

YMOpBa HHTO eAHOro ; HJIH B e,llHO CeJIO, B e)lHH Kpaif H3MpeJIH MH03HHa,
.a B ,llpynrn HHKOH.. (IlpHMepH MH nocotJHXa MHOro6po11HH. 6a6a Cro-
eHHU.a. c. 6aJIBaHU.H, 6a6a Bop6a H 6a6a ,Uecna, c. PeceH, TbpHOBCKO,
6a6a Kepa, c. BanBaH, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a ,UoHa, c . lllHnKa, 6a6a Pa){a
ToHbOBa, c. TbpHoao, XacKoBcKo, 6a6a MapHH, c . ·naruaKhOH, 51M-
6oJicKo, 6a6a ,UoHa Haattosa; c. Kapa6yttap, BypracKo H MHoro ome.)
4yMaTa Como He BJIH3aJia B Kbma, ,l{eTO HM.a B,l{OBHU.a CbC CHpa-
·qeTa. (Ba6a MapHH·, c. TiarnaKbOH., 6a6a ,Uecna, c. ,UepeMaxne.) 3a-
ToBa HMa H neceH KaK CHpaKbT CTOHH, KaTO· cpemHaJI qyMaTa; pa3-
Ka3aJI H, qe e cttpaqe, qe HMa caMo cTapa MaflKa, KOHTO Ha Hero rJie,l{a.
qyMaTa 6HJia pern1wa )I.a ro yMopH, HO KaTo qyJia H paa6paJia nono-
.>KeHHeTo MY, Cb)KaJIHJia ce H OTMeHHJia pernem1eTO CH, KaTO MY Ka3aJia:

11AH CH, CToeHe, He 6ofl ce·

4yMaTa CHpau.H He MOpH!
J13 c6opHH·K3 MH OT 6a6a necna, C. Pece H

4yMaTa He CMee )I.a BJIH3a B KbmH, )l.eTO HMa nceTa Co6cYrHHU.H,

aamoTo ce 6oH OT THH nceTa:

4yMaTa HaBpe.u. e MOpHJia,

He cMeHna caMo ,lla BJie3He
y □eTK0BH paBHH ,llBOpoae,
t.fe TaMo HMa .u.eaeT nceTa,
,UeaeT nceTa Cb60THHU.H.
6a6a Tota, c. Km-1cypa. Cpo. C6HY \ XIV , 10, KonpHBW.HUa

tJyMaTa TaKa como He MO)Ke A& aneaHe s ceno, KoeTo e aaopaao,

3amoto He MO*e )la npeMHHe 6paa,l{aTa oKoJio cenoTo. (6a6a PaAa
ToHhoBa, c. Topaoao npH Ceii:MeH, 6a6a IleHa 11BaHoBa, c. Ce~rncqe,
6a6a <l>HJia, C. 6eJIHUa - BCH'IKH XacKOBCKO) .
O6pe,u.oT aaopaaHe me onHrna no-.u.ony Ha . pe,lla.
4yMaTa He CMee Cbmo .na BJie3He B CeJIQ, .u.eT0 HMa caM0BHJia .
B en. Tpy.ll, ro)l.. III, cTp. 951-953 ce onHcBa e.u.Ha cnyqKa,
cTaHana a c. ,Uparn11me, PaaJIO}KKO. ETo cJiyqKaTa;
,Uaa qaca OT ryii ceno Jie)KH ceno 6eJIHU.a. B Hero MopHJia 11yMa.
KaTO H3MOpHJia MHOfO CBHT, npeMHHaJia BC . ,Uparnmue H BJie3HaJla B
KomaTa Ha Be.11bo fbpKoa. O6a11e CJIY11HJI0 ce, Ta a TYH ceJio HMaJio ca-
MOBliJIH .
THH C3MOBHJIH, KaTO ycen{JIH, qe B ceJIOTO ,llOlllJia qyMaTa, CBHJIH
<:e Ha BHX'pyrnKa H noqHaJIH )la ce YBHBaT 0K0JI0 )lBaHa,l{eCeTTe 6pH~T0·
Be, KOHT0 ce HapHllaJIH ,,CaM0BHJICKHTe 6pHCTOBe"; 0TTaMo BHXpyUI-
KaTa HaJieTHJia Ha K'bIU.aTa Ha BeJISI H ,nHrHana OT noKpHBa KepeMH-
 JfA PO/ZHA Bf[PA 283
.llHTe KaTo nJIHBa. llyMaTa, KOHTO 61-wa BbTpe, TIOIJHaJia ):{a IllUJ.,lH KaTO
.:>KeHa R 1{3Jie3HaJia H3 K'bll(aTa B'bB BHJ:{ Ha CHH riJiaM'hK.
Toaa _6HJIO qyMaTa. CaMOBHJIHre, r. e. BHxpyriIKara, H normJJia
H H rOHHJia, JJ.O)J.eTo SI npon'b)J.HJia H3 ceJIOTO ,llparJIHll(e H H3 Cb HOpa MY.
"llyMaTa OTHlIIJia OTHOBO B BeJIHUa H Karo 6HJia MHOro pa3HpeHa, H3-
MOpHJia 400 JJ.YlIIH B 200 K'bll(H. fpo6Hw.ara, )J.ero c·a 3apaBHHH THH
-yMpeJIH OT llyMaTa xopa, H JJ.HecKa HOCHT Ha3BaHHe tf.Y.M08U 2po6UU(a.
noc11e or Be;rnua 11yMaTa oTHlIIJia a Tarap TTa3apJJ.>KHK H oTraMo a
_TiaHHqepe, HO B ,llparJIHll(e He CMeHJia JJ.3 BJie3He H B TOBa ceJio He yM-
pHJI HHTO e.LI.HH qoaeK.
Ha :>KeHa, KOHTO e polllaBa a rnaeaTa, HeaqecaHa, HeyMHTa H B
..npHnH, Ka3Ba ce ,,UHJia 11yMa".
[3a] JIOlll llOBeK HJI H JIOllla )KeHa, OT KOHTO 6.ff:raT BCffqKH, Ka3-
Ba ce o6HKHOBeHo ,,6Hrar Karo or ttyMaBH".
. EJI.HH po.z( OT rpbHJIHBHre pacTeHHH HOCH H33BaHHe tf.Y.MO mp?JHe;
OT TOBa TpbHe ttyMaTa 6Jlfa MHoro. Ero 33W.O OKOTIHre 3aTpbHBaT C qy-
MO TpbHe HJIH ro CaJJ.HT. BHpBa ce, qe B K'bll(a,, 3arpa.L(eHa C OKOTI, no
KOHTO HMa qyMo TpbHe, cyxo HJIH HaCa.l(eHO, qyMa He BJIH3a.(6a6a Croe-
HIH(a, C. 6aJIB3HUH , 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa, C. 6aJIBaH, TbpHOBCKO.)
8 11ecr Ha 11yMara e ycrpoeH npa3HHK (10 cpespyap11), HapeqeH
-lf{/M06aeH. ToH .L(eH ce npa3HyBa, r. e. He ce pa60TH HHW.O, MCCH ce
o6pe.l(eH XJIH6 H ce pa3H3CH 33 ll)'MHO 3.l(paae. Ca. XapaJiaMnH ce CllHTa
Karo 33TIOBeJJ.HHK Ha qyMara.

2. XoAepa

Xo.rrepara H qyMaTa ca JI.Be cecrpH, caMo qe qy Ma-

Ta e no-cTapa, no-no111a H noaeqe MopH.
H xo.rrepara :>KHBee raM Ha Kpaii CBHT H .noxom.na npH Hae, Ko-
raro 60.ne H3npaTeHa. ·
H xonepara e .,rpo3Ha, JI.pHnaaa, HeeqecaHa. BHpBaHero 3a He'sl
He CTIOMHHH, qe HMa ,nere. .
H TH ce 6oH OT ncera C'b6orHHU~; H TH 6Hra OT. TpbHe; He cno-
MHHH ce o6aqe JJ.aJIH w.a.n.H cnpaUHTe, KaKro roaa npaau cecrpa u
11yMara.
Ha meHa tteaqecaHa, pornasa H .npunaaa ce Ka3Ba ,,UHJia xo-
Jiepa".
3. CunaHu4a
TaH 6oJieCT HMa HSIKOJIKO H33B3HHH: cunaHu4a,
6a6a wapKa, wapyAR.
Hapo.nttaTa BHpa H npe,ll.CTaBJI.HBa Karo MOMa; TH ?KHBee Ha Kpaif
CB.HT, JJ.eTO H BCH'IKHTe JJ.pyrH HeBHJJ.HMH C'hllI.eCTBa.
CunaHHUHTe ca TpH: e.l(pa, cpeJJ.Ha H CHTHa, Ta orraMo HapOJJ.HOTO
BHpBaHe 33MIOllaBa, qe CHnaHHUaTa He e e.nHa MOMa, HO ca TPH MOMH
cecTpH, OT KOHTO e,ll.paTa e HaH-CTapaTa, 6pycHHUaTa e cpe)J.HaTa, a
cnTaaTa e ttaii-MJia,llaTa. (6a6a CTqeHHUa, c. 6aJiaamrn, 6a6a MHqa
284 ,aHMJfT'l,P MA PH HOB:

l1JIH1111esa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a MoMa CTecpaHoBa,_ c. ·To;uoBUH,

6a6a noHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, C. lliHnKa.)
11 TOBa BRpBaHe ce IlOTBbp)K){aBa H OT caMaTa 6oJiecT, qe TH ce
HBHBa B TPH BH){a H qe_OT TPHTe 'BC.HKOH ll0BeK He Jie)KH.

a/ C H TH ~ c H n a H H .u a
CHTHaTa CHnaHHUa XBama BC.HKoro; HHKOH He
M0)Ke ){8 MHHe 6es Ta.H CHil3HHUa. '°TH e CHTHa KaTO npoco~ O6HKH0BeHo
JIOBH M8JIKHTe .n.eua . .
0r He.H Ce Jie:>KH H JieKO Ce MHHaBa. MHOfO p.HJI.KO CJiy11a,t1 HMa,
KoraTo e.n.tto ,ll,eTe e yMpHJIO OT CHTHa cHnaHHUa. (Ba6a CToeHHUa,.
c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH.).
KoraTo ce n0HBH B HHKOH Koma, T. e. I.UOM ce HHKoe .iI.eTe uscune,
c
noKpHe npoceHH 3po:i,iua, ,ll,o.MalllHHTe ~MecBaT npHcHa nHTa, HaMasBaT
H C Me){ H pas,ll,aBaT B KbmaTa BCeKHMY H pa3H8CHT H no .KOMIIlH}{Te,.
KaTO K83BaT: nXanHeTe 33 3,ll,pa~e Ha C/lafJKa' u MeaeHa." (Ba(>a K'hHa, C.
AATHMH-p ., OpHxoBcKo, 6a6a BH.ll.a, c: CTaKhOBUH, · Be,!Iorpa,ll,tJHI.llKO,
6a6a U.etta, c. MaparnKH TpbcTeHHK, TIJieBeHcKo, 6a6a MH11a, c. Ko-
sap BeJieHe, CamiJ.oBcKo.) .·
. ,[lo,l{eTO He npeMHHe CbBbpllleHO 0OJIHOTO,ll,eTe H )l.O){eTO ce He BH){H?
qe .ll.pyrHTe ){eua HHMa )I.a sa6oJI.HBaT OT CHil8HHUa, HapO){HOTO BHpBaH¢"
3a6paHHBa .n.a ce napH B KomaTa saKJiaHa KOKOIIIKa, saKJiirno·npace, 3a-
KJiaHa ncKa, nan1ua HJIH .ll.pyro;· TaKa Cb~o ce sa6paHHBa .na ce napH
BbJIHa HJIH ){pyro. BHpBaHeTo TBbp,ll.H, qe aKO ce rrorrapH Hemo C BpHJia
BO)l.a, rronapBa ce CHil8HHUaTa H TH OT 0OJIKH ce pa3JIIOTBa _H yMapH OOJI-
HOTO ){eTe. 3aTOBa, ){O){eTo H.e MHHe ·){eTeTo, KOKOllIKa, fbCKa, naTHUa,
npc1ce, <;:BHHH HJIH ){pyro ce 38KaJIBa B Ta.H Koma, HO ce OTHHCa B C'bCe,ll-
HaTa H TaMo ce nonapaa. (Ba6a Casa 11BaHHU.a, c B»Jia CnaTHHa, 6a6a
MapHH CHs-KoHoBa, c. MaJiopaT, 6a6a Tietta XpHcToBa, c. CTy6eJI.)

:6/ · C p e ){ H a c H n a H H u. a
, Ta.H cHrraaHua ce KasBa om.e H 6pyc1tuu,a; TH e
Mttoro . :M~JIKO no-e,npa OT npoco.
0r cpe)l.HaTa CHII8HHU.a OOHKHOBeHO Jie:>KaT MOMlleTa H MOMH'lleTa,.
Ho He H ){eua.
11 cpe){HaTa cunaHHUa e MOMa, caMo qe nO-CTapHIIKa OT CHTHaTa
CHil3HHl{a. TH ){OXO){H npH Hae; KoraTo' Ob){e Hape){eH~ 3a TOBa.
. KoifTo Jie:>KH OT .CHTHaTa, me Jie:>KH HOT cpe){HaTa. l1sK.t11011eHHHTa
Ca MHOrO pe){KJ!. .
11 Ta.H CHil8HIUla, KoraTo B'bpBH 0Jiara H aeceJia, He npaBH HHK8K-
Ba naKOCT; · li:O KOraTO ce pa3Cbp){H H pa3JIIOTH, :rorasa np'aBH bnycTollle-
HHH. -3a )1.a H YMHJIOCTHBHT J:f .zr.a H HanpaBHT ){a -X<>JJ.H 6Jiara: -aeceJJa
1

H JieKa, Mee-HT naK riHTKa C Me){, pa3,l{aBaT H pa3HaCHT no 'KOMIIlHHTe,

KaKT0 H· npH CHTHaTa CHnaHHua. ITaa.SIT ce OHHH ,06H11aH, K·aKBHTO u ·
npH CHTHaTa ·CHil8HHl{a.
H AP O[(lfA Bf[PA 285
Korato TaH c1-mam1ua X0JI.H 6Jiar.a H neKa, .roraBa H JI.pyru ,neua,
OT .ll.PYrI-f KhW.H, .neto HHMa 3a6oJIHJIO ,l\ete, noHaCHT npH ooJIHOTO, Ta H
Te JI.a npexsaHaT H .na 6one,nysa,, 3arn.oto me rrpeMHHaT JieKo H6Jiaro.
(Ba6a CroeHHUa , c. EaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Moi\ta, c . .TomoauH, 6a6a Mapm1,
-c. ll.It-mKa.)
al E .I\ p a c H rr a H 1-1 u a
E,l\pata c~maHHUa H3iIH3a KOJIKOTO uapeBHllHH
3'bpHa. TH e HaH-CTapaTa H HaH-CTpaUIHaTa, 38W.OTO TH He XO.ZU1 6Jia.ra
H .TieKa, a BCHKora C'bp.II.HTa. OT TaH CHil8HHU8 6oJIHHTe OCJienHBaT,
orJiyUieBaT, ocaKaTSIBaT - aKO He yMpaT. AKO X0JI.H JieKa H 6Jiara,
TH ace rraK ocraBH 6eJie3H no cHaraTa, a oco6eHo no JIHUeTo. Or e,l\para
-CHil8HHUa nOfl?03HHBa Haff-xy6aaara Moirn H Haii-xy6aBH.SIT M0M'bK.
B Hapo,l\Hl:ITe HH ·necHH ce pa3K83BaT MHOfO CJIYllKH 38 ocnemIBaHe
Ha MOMH H l\lOMUH, °KOHTO necHH ce ne.SIT npe3 BeJII-IK,l\eHCKHTe rrpa3HH..
UH Ha xoporo.
B qecr Ha TPHTe CHnaHHUH, oco6eHO a ,qecT Ha e.npara, Hap0.II.H0T0
B.HpBaHe e ycrp0HJI0 npa3HHK (9 Mapr), HapetieH M12aBe1tl{U,KOraro ce
MeCHT ocooeHH XJie6qeTa, HapetieHH J,,LAaiJel-ll{U, K0HT0 ce pa3,naaaT H
pa3H8CHT HaMa3aHff c Me,n 3a 3,l\paae Ha 6a6a IllapKa.

Jl.py2u 6012ecmu om emopa 2pyna

Boa aropaTa rpyna H,l\aT .I\pyrHTe oonecTH, K0HT0
He ca pe,l\HH. THH 6onecTH ca MHoro. Ho Ha nopao MHCT0 CT0HT ce,neM
oonecTH . THH 6onecTH ca:
1. TpecKa.
2 . .TTorna 6onecr.
3. OrHHUa.
4. liepaeHKa.
6. Be3C'bHHU8.
6. Pyca. ·
7. BoJiecqHua.
THH ce,l\eM 6oJiecrH ca no.n 3anoae.l{ra Ha ,,Ilemrua, )KeHa-3MeHua,
.K0SIT0 )KHBee,.I\eTO CJI'hHUeTo H3THqa, Me)KJ\Y .neaer MOrHJIH"(C6H~',VI I I
15, c. BpecTOBHUa, IlrroB)J.HBCKO; B)K. no-rope crp. 54).
1. TpecKa
Hapo.l{HOT0 BHpBaHe npe)J.CTaBJIHBa 6oJiecTTa rpe-
CKa He Karo e,ntta, a Karo ce,neM, H To ce)\eM )Kem,1-cecrpH.
H re )KHBeHT Ha Kpaii CB.SIT' )J.eTo .npyrHTe 6oJieCTH, HO T3MO HM e
xoinara, a re nocroHHH0 ca npH Hae H 3HMe H Jiere - npHrypH 6a6a
Kepa )l(enH3Koea, c. BaJIBaH.
Te X0,l\HT 3ae)J.H0 H Koraro e)I.Ha HaMepn YJI.06Ho MHCTO y H.SIK0ro,
TO TH BHKa H JI.pyrHTe.
286 P,HMHT"bP MAPHHOB

0pHK33Ba- Ce CJie,nHaTa npHK33Ka:

,,illecITe CeCTpH OTHillJIH y e,lJ.HH 0B113pHH H Il011H3JIH )J.3 fO BTpH-
lllaT. Ton 06at1e, K3TO B'bpBHJI ·cJie,lJ. OBUHTe, HHM3JI BpeMe ,u.a JierHe..
HO CKHTaJI npe3 T'bpH8UH H fJIO)K3UH H I1IeCTTe cecTpH craH~JIH ~aMO-
Kp'bB OT TpbHeTo H fJIO)KeTO, a .npexHre HM CT3H3JIH ,ZlpHnH, C3MO KOHUH.
E.u.Hara OT TflX cecrpa 6HJia ce HacraHHJia y e.u.HH 6orar 11oeeK H ne-
)KaJia Ha .u.ymeu.H or KonpHHa H Ka,nmpe. E.D.HH JJ.eH. ce c'b6paJIH ce-
~Mre c'ecrpH H ce pa3DH'.f3JIH ~a noJio)KeHHero en. lllec,r.e cecrp~
y OB'lap~rna Ka3aJm: ,,0CT8BH ce, cecrpo, He BMJl.Hlll JIM HH KaKBO CMe
·craHaJIH, CaMO paHH H)lpHnH. HallIHHT oeqap CKMTa H HH BJialJH npea. .
Tp'bHaUH H fJ10)K3UH, ne.ziaea HM MHpKa HH .u.eH, HH HOlll,." Cecrpa
HM K333Jia: ,,IlbK 83 Jie)Ka Ha MeKlf ,nyUieUlf OT KOilpHHa H Ka,nmpe H ce-
xpam1 c Haii-xy6aeu ro36H. Ho if. .u.a Me nocJiyI1Iare. 51 ocraeere BHe
TOH JJ.PHDJIO-OB'lap u ,noii,ztere nplf MErnf" 11 TaKa crop~JIH; OTHllIJIH fl PH:
cecrpa CH H HaJierHaJIH 6oraTHH. E.u.Ha to ocraau, ,llpyra ro HaTHCHe.
11 T'bH B'h_pBHJIO, .noJJ.ero He yMopHJIH 6orarHH." (CJiyUiaHa or 6a6a To-
,llopa n. Xpuc-roea, c. Jl11raKoeo, OpxaHH_ HcKo.) ,,H raKa, ,nero Ha-
MepHT YJI.06HO MHCTO H Jier.110, TaMO ce C'b6Hpar BCH1JKH H M'bq'HO CH .OTH-
BaT H 3aroea, Koraro arpece HHKOro - Ka3Ba 6a6a To.nopa, - He-
6Hsa .ua JUlra, a .zta XOJl.H H ,na T'bp'IH no Tp'bH8UH H fJIO)K3UH."
TpecKHTe XO,llH~ Cyn.11axara, C'bC caMOBHJIHTe H .npyrH JIOllIH' ~y-
xose. Koraro HHKoii ce xsaHe or ynJiaxa,roii ae,nHara BHKa Ha noMoni
rpeCKHTe H ynJiaUieHHH ro BTpecsa. CaMOBHJIHTe HJIH C8MO).I.HBHTe,
aKo ycrpeJIHT HHKoro, rpecKHTe ca ryK H ro arpecear.
nocpelll,H8TO, npera3eHO if .np"yrH JIOllIH )I.HX8HHH Hana.nHaT JIH Ha
qoaeKa, Karo ro ycrpe.1rnr, rpecKHTe ro arpecaar.
BrpecaHH.HT ce pa360Jiee H aKo ce He npon'h)lHT TpecKHTe qpe3-
6aHHe, roii yMHpa.
TpecKaTa ce n'h,nH 11pe3 6a.HHe, 3aKJieBaHe H HapHllaHe. (Ba6a
CroeHHU.a, c. BaJiaaHU.H, 6a6a BH.u.a, c. CraKhOBUH, 6a6a Pa.zta ToHbOBa>-
c. T'hpHoso, XacKoacKo).
2. JIotua 60/lecm
HapO)I.HaTa B.Hpa . npe)lCT3BJUIB8 JIOWaTa 6o.11ecr-
KaTO crapa 6a6HllK3, MHOro rp03Ha H C TOH)KK8 Ha p1>ue. Ha r1>p6a
CH HOCH rop6a, B KOSITO HMa HanHCaHH KOH JIHUa TpH6Ba .ua YMOpH.
Koraro y,napu HHKoro, usrp HHMa. Y,llapeHHHT ce M'h'IH .ll.'hJiro apeMe·
H HaA-HaKpaff yMpe. (Ba6a CToeHHU.a, c. Ba'Jiaaau.u.) Tsr ce cnupa
KpaH Ce.TIO H IIHTa 38 K'bill,HTe, B KOHT01.u.e MOpH. AKO ce CeTHT ceJIHHHTe ..
Morar )la SI H3M8MHT H .na ynnTSIT K'hM .ztpyro MSICTO. (C6HY, XII,.
128, BHTOJICKO.) JloUiaTa 6oJiecT xaaw.a IIOBeKa H8BCHK'b,Ite: H B ,ItOMa~
H no Il'bTSI, H B peKa. TSI ro C'b6apH Ha 3eMHTa, 3HMa MY pa3yMa, Ta
He 3Hae HHill,O.MHoro e JIOllIO, aKo ro XBaHe, Koraro MHHaBa MOCT HJIH
peKa, 33111.0TO Toraaa y)lapeHH.HT na)la B'bB Bo,nara H ce y.n;aBH. (Ba6a
,lloHa YsyH-HHKOJIOBa, c; llIHnKa, 6a6a B1>JIKaHa, c. JlnTaKoeo, 6a6a
Mu11a 11JIHii~esa, c. Ko3ap Be.neue, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. Ba.11BaHuu.),
JIAP O/1.H A BflP A 287
3. 02H.u4a, ozH.eH.Utfa
OrHHUaTa lfJIH OrHeHnuara e TO>Ke >KeHa H )J.OXIDK)J.a
npH Hae caMa HJIH c ttyMara. MHoro rpo3Ha •>KeHa n MHoro .,10IIJa
H
reJKKO .
cop.IJ.HTa. Korar o y.IJ.apH HS1Kor0, TOH ce pa360JISIBa MHoro
MoJKe ;ta ce JieKyaa 11pea 6asrne, noJIHBaHe H 3ano11eaHe. (Ba6a CroeHH-
ua, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Bn.IJ.a, c. CTaKhoeun, 6a6a KoHa IleHKoaa, c.
A.nrm,rnp.)
· 4. l/epBeH.Ka
HapO)J.HOTO BSipBaHe npe)J.CT3BJISIBa qepae HKaTa
,
Karo )KeHa MHoro )J.e6e.n:a H MHoro rpoaHa, ttepaeHa. Koror o xeaHe
:aa LJoeeK a
TOH aa .IJ.eH, 3a )I.Ba YMHpa, aKo He 60,lle JieKyBaH. TH ycrpe.n
H Ha e)J.HO MSICTO - Ha poKa, Ha KpaK HJIH H·a .IJ.pyro MHCTO; TaMO, .nero
-
e y6o.IJ.eH, cTaaa 11epaeHo H ce noHBH oroK. ToH OTOK ce pa3npocrpa
HSIBa no UHJl9TO TSIJIO, HO B'bpBH MHOfO 6np30 K'bM Copue
To; )J.OH)J.e
..
JIH .IJ.O ~'hpuero, BCH'IKO e CB'hpIIJeHo, ttoseK yMHpa. (Ba6a To.nopa, c
CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a nerKOBHII.a, c. Oc1-1i<oso.)
qepaeHKaTa HMa .IJ.pyra cecrpa no-MJia.IJ.a, ttapn11aHa 6RAa 'lepeeu-
Ka. KoroTo y6o)J.e 1:1 )leKa ro y6o,ne, TIOHB~Ba ce naK OTOK,
HO TOH OTOK He
e qepeeH , a 6s1JI. 11 raH 6s1Jia 11epeeuKa yMopsa qoeeKa, aKo ce He no-
3Hae oepeMe H nporoHH.
KaKTO 11epaeHara, raKa H 6HJiaTa qepaeHKa ce JieKyaa qpe3.
6aHHe H HaJiaraHe 6oJIK3Ta C'bC caMOBHJICKH HJIH 3MeHCKH 6HJIKH, KOHTO
ca 6paHH. Ha EHbOB)leH.
JlornOTO, qe M'btJHO ce Il03HaBa KOH qepeB eHKa e; aKO ce He Il03Hae-
KOH e, rra Ha MHCTO 33 qepBeH aTa ce 6ae 33 6HJiaT a, TH
ce pa3JIIOTBa
OT T3Sl 6oJieCT,
H yMopa a tJOBeKa. ETo '3amo, KOf3TO HHKOH 3a6oJi ee
OTHBa Il'bpBO npH apaqK a )1.8 TI03Hae KOH e qepae HKa. (Ba6a To,nopa,
c. JIHTaKoao, 6a6a CroeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH. Cps. C6HY , IX, 139,.
Ilepym mia; XI, 87, BeJiernKo.) ·

5. Ee3C1JH.Ut{a
Be3C'b HHUaT a e )J.OTOJIKOBa crparn Ha, JnOTO 8HpBa -
HeTO HapO)J.HO nperrop'h11Ba )I.a He ce CITOMHHH HMeTo H
HHKaK ; Koraro
)J.OH.IJ.e peq ,na ce roaopH 3a HeH, .na ce Ka3aa zopcKa Mau.Ka, 3amoro, aKo-
Hce CITOMeHe C'bJnHHCKOTO HMe, TH qye H ae,nHara )J.OXO)K)la B K'bJnaTa .
Hapo.IJ.HOTo BHpBaHe SI npe,nc'i'aBJiffBa Karo crapa )KeHa c .IJ.'hJirH,
H3Il'bKH3JIH HaB'bH 3'b6H, rJiaBaTa H npHJIHtJa Ha 6HK, OtJHTe
H KaTo Ha
6HBOJI H MHoro crparnHa HarJie)J.. MHoro XBaHaTH OT HeH ca SI BH>K)J.3JIH
Ha C'bH. (Ea6a Croem1ua, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a
.llotta Y3yH-HHKonoea, c. IllunK a.) TH )KHBee no ropHTe H rnyMaTa
M8fHH . Koror o
H )J.OXO)K,lla B HHKO.H Koma caMO KoraT o ce H3npa TH qpea
, HH )J.eHe, HH Hom.e :
Hana)J.He, TOSI tJOBeK He MO>Ke HHKaK )I.a 33CTIH
aTa M3HKa
OllHTe MY ca saKJian.HT caMH, HO C'bH H.HMa, 331.I.J,OTO ropcK
ro n'b){H.
 '
288 ~HMHT1'P MAPHHOB

AKo ce He nporoHH Taff cTpamHa 6onecT, qoaeK OT 003C'bHHII.a

Mo>Ke Aa noJiyAee, a nocJie H Aa yMpe.
Oco6eHo· e CTpamHa, aK0 XBaHe HSIK0e ,l{eTe. JleKyBa ce qpeg CH-
JiaT.a Ha np0THBHH MarHH; qpe3 THSI M8fHH_ropcKaTa MafiKa ce npo~'bABa
naK B ropaTa u 6oJIHHHT osA.paBHBa. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. 6aJIBaHII.H,
,6a6a ,Uecna, C. ,UepeMaXJie, 6a6a noHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. llIHrrKa.
Cps. C6HY, XII, 144, JloMCKo.)
6. Pyca
HapOAHOTO BHpBaHe npe,LtCTaBJISIBa pycaTa KaT0
.JKeHa, HO Bee rp03Ha. T.si H·anaAa AeuaTa. 3a ){a 0THAe B HSIK0SI K'bW.a,
TpH6Ba Aa 60Ae HanpareHa. ,UeTe, KoeTo e HanaAHaTo ·oT pycaTa,
6HBa noKpHT0 UHJI0T0 c paHH H KeJIH, K0HT0 C'bp6HT H OOJIHT. 11MeTO
H e CMp"6iJ.lla, HO He CMeHT HHK0ta Aa 51 HMeHyBaT C T0Ba HMe, aaw.oTO
TH IlOCTOHH~0 npHcJiymsa H aKo H ce ·c_noMeHe HMeT0, paSJIIOT~a ce ,H
sen.Hara . Han3Aa AeuaTa. 3aTOBa ca ii AaJIH xy6aBOTO HMe pyca.
(6a6a ToAopa, c. CTaKbOBUH, . 6a6a CToeeHua, c. 6aJIBaHitH. Cpa.
C6HY,_ XII, 145, HeepoKoncKo.)

7. B OAeC'lUl{a ( 6oAeUl'lUHa )

HapO,ltHOTO BHpBaHe npe.I{CTaBJIHBa caM0 TaH 6o-

.JiecT KaT0 M'b>K, MaKap HMeT0 H )ta e )KeHCK0. Toii e C e,l{HO 0K0 H Ha
Hoca HMa JlynKa, a HarJieJt MHoro cTpamee e.
KaTO JlOH,lle B e~H0 CeJI0 6oJiec11HII.aTa, TH noqHyBa Jla M0pH MaJI0 H
r0JISIM0, M'b)KK0 H )KeHCKO, MJia,D.o H CTapo -. He npaBH HHKaKBa pas-
lIHKa. MHoro Il))HJIHlla Ha qyMaTa ,H X0JiepaTa. HHKOH 6a6H H CMec~aT
A0PH c xonepaTa. (Ba6a .UoHa YsyH-HHKOJIOBa, c. IIIHnKa, 6a6a .Ue•
cna, c. ,UepeMaxJie.)
11 HeiiHOTO HMe He CMee Jla ce CII0MeHe HHKaK, saw.OTO H TH npHC· .
nymsana H Iq0M CH qye HMeTO, Be,LtHara p.oxa)KJla; 38T0Ba H HapHqaT
aiJpaBul/Xama. (C6HY, XI, 94, tJeneJiape.)
TaH OOJieCT -ce H3fOHBa caM0 aKo ce Il0,ltM8MH HJIH YMHJIOCTHBH
H CKJIOHH C8MO ,Lta H3Jie3He.
Tyii Il0JlM8MB8He H -YMHJIOCTHBHBaHe CT_aBa no CJieJlHHH HaqeH:
_ OMecH ce IlHTa (rroraqa) OT IIHCTO nmeHHlleHO 6pamHO, KOHTO IlH-
Ta ce Kpac11eo mapH H n11me c Hanpyc11.H1, J<aTo ce one'Ie, HaMaasa ce
oTrope c Me.D., Ta ~Taea .MeiJeHa numa. B TOBa speMe ce npHraTBH KHTKa
OT BCHKaKB0 UBeTe, K0SIT0 ce Bp'b3Ba C qepseH KOHeII. H Ha KpaH Ha
KoHeua popasa ce cpe6opHa napa (Hapeqeaa pynCLe).MeAeHaTa nHTa,
KHTKaTa, ow.e H 6'bKJIHUa c BHHO ce rymAaT -a HosoymHTa Top6a H 'i'aH
TOp6a ce 0THHCa ·s ropaTa, ,D.eTO ce CB'bpwsa C'bHOp'bT Ha TYH ce.n:o H
HaqHHSI C'bH0p'bT Ha ,Ltpyro CeJI0. TaM B qy)KJlHH C'bH0p ce SaKaqea
Top6aTa Ha HSIKOe ,lt'bpBO. T~sa ce B'bpWH- o6aqe HOW.HO BpeMe s no•
Taii:Ha ito6a.
KoraTO Tpt,rHe qoseK'bT c Top6aTa sa qy>KAHSI C'bHOp, 6a6aTa, KOSI•
TO e MecHJia IlHTaTa H npHraTBSIJia KHTKaTa, OTHBa C Hero .no Kpai\ CeJIOTO
HAPO/ZHA Bf[PA 289
H TYK KaTo 1.1e ce onpocTBa H H3npaw.a 6oJiecTTa, Ka3Ba: ,,E xaiiAe, MHJia
3)lpaBHtIKe; H)lH C'bC c6oroM! MHJIO HH CH, HO BpeMe e J{a H)lellI Ha rocTe
H Ha )l.pyro ceJio. X ail)le coc 3)lpaae, 3)lpaaa 3ApaaeHHtJ:Kel" Mo.>K'bT noK
(TOH MO.>Ke .n.a 0b)le MOM'bK HJIH nO-CTap llOBeK), K0raT0 CTHrHe Ha MSICT0-
T0,)l.eTO me 0CTaBH Top6aTa, KaTO H OKatJ:Ba Ha )l'bpB0T0 B llYJKAHH C'bHOP~
Ka3Ba: ,,E xaii.ne coc 3,npaae, 3)lpaaa 3)lpaBH'IKel Hapy1.1aii ce H HJUi enc
3)lpaBe B e)lH-KOe CH ceJio (cnOMHHH HMeTo Ha ceJIOTO, .,neTo H npam.a);
TaMo xopaTa ca )lo6pH, Ta m.e Te nocpem.HaT H HarocT.HT."
M BHpBaHeTo Hapo.nHo TBbp)lH, 1.1e 6011ec11m1.aTa HanycKa TOBa ce:.
JI0 H OTHBa B ApyroTo. (Ba6a TieHa, c. CeMHcqe, XacKoBcKo, 6a6a <l>H-
Jia , c . 6eJIHUa,XacKOBCKo,6a6a Pa)laToHhOBa, c. TopHOBo npH CeiiMeH,
6a6a Mapa, c. Ko36yHap, BopHcoarpa)lcKo.) TaKbB cJiy1IaH e cTaHaJI s
1883 r. Pa3Ka3a MH ro caMaTa 6a6a Mapa. Top6aTa e HOCHJI )lHJJ.oXy6aH
H Tp516BaJIO )J.a H 3aKallH B 3eMJIHIUeTo H_a c. TipaHra. Ho TbKMO KOraTO
3aKaqeaJI Top6aTa H npam.a11 60Jiec1.1HuaTa B c. TipaHra, )leTo xopaTa <!a
-)lo6pH H m.e H nocpem.HaT H Har0C'.fHT,IT'bJJ.8pbT Ha C. TipaHra .zta 0HJI Ta-
MO Ha6JIH3Y H KaTo 11y11 TOSI pa3roBop; CKOtIHJI .n.a BH)lH KOH e. KaTo BH-
.U.HJl ,n.H,na Xy6aHa H Top6aTa, TOH no3HaJI, qe TYK HMa HHKaKea MarHH.
H KOraTO )J.Sl,ll0 X y6aH H3fOBOpHJI nocJie)J.HHTe AYMli: ,,B Tipaf:ira xo-
paTa ca )lo6p11, rn.e Te nocpem.HaT H Haroc_ THT" - TOH ro yJIOBHJI H MY
Ka3aJI: ,,KaTo ca TOJIKOBa JJ.06p11, TH 3am.o He JJ.OHJJ.ern c HeH,; eJia H Te6e
.na HafOCTHTI" - Bbp3aJI ro H C TO,P6aTa Ha pa~m OTKapaJI B ceJIOT0.
KMeT'bT Ha cyTpHHTa oKatIHJI Top6aTa Ha apaTa Ha JJ.HJJ.a Xy6aHa H TaKa
ro npeKapaJIH npe3 ceJIOTO, H3BeJIH ro B'bH -OT ceJIOTO H OT C'bHOpa H ro
nycHaJIH )J.a ce BbpHe s ce,ll0T0 c·M c TOp6aTa. ,,T~Ka qe 6oJieCtIHUaTa
He M0JKaJia JJ.a ce 0THece B OpaHra"_- aaa'bpnrn 6a6a Mapa. (CoI.IJ.11.HT
cJiy11aii e o~HCaH H B C6HY, I, 89.)
BoJieCtIHHaTa He MOJKe )J.a BJlliaa B ceJio, KOeTO e aaopBaHO.
HMa npHKa3Ka KaK e)J.HH tIOBeK, 6ea )J.a 3Hae, OHJI Ha fOCTe Ha
6oneur'IHHaTa. (C6HY, XI, 94, lJe·neJiape.)

* * *
B Hap0JJ.HOT0 BHpBaHe ~e cnoMeHaBaT orue HH-
K0H 6oJiecTH. Te ca:
8. C'lJmypHul{a
CoTypHHU.a -- aeqepHHU.a, BHpBaHeTo H npeJJ.-
cTaBJUIBa KaTo JKetta, K0SIT0 xoJJ.H H M0pH JJ.euaTa . (C6HY, IX, 139,
TiepymHu.a.)
9. Mopaea
HHKOH He SI BHJK)J.8JI H He 3Hae KaKBa H3rJie)J.B2.
HapO.D,HOTO BHpBaHe caMO Tyii 3Hae, qe XO.D,H HOW.HO BpeMe y noTaHHa
JJ.o6a H Hana)J.a Ha qoaeu11Te, Kora cn»T, Ta HM nHe KPl>BTa. TaK'bB
lI0BeK H3ry6aa C'bB'bpI.IJeHO CHJia H IlO'IHyBa JJ,a 0Tna)l.a. 3a aero l{a3BaT
,,6o3aJia ro Mopaaa".
19
 290- ,l!HMHT 'bP MAPHH OB

Mopa.aaTa He M0.>Ke na ce H3ry61-1 c npyr cnoco6 ocseH c 11eTe-

He M0JIHTsa H KaTo ce ·noJiara Ha 6oJIHHH esattreJI1-1eTo. (C6HY; ·IV,
111, C. JleXOBO H C. ~op'IOBO, .I{eMHpXHC apCKO.)
(E.n;HHCTBeHHHT cJiytrnif, ,n;eTo 6oJieCTTa ce H3fOHB3 11pe3 qepKOB-
Ha MO.rrnTBa, a He tipe3 6aHHe. HaBHpHO C'b6HpatI'bT Ha THH MaTepHaJIH
B Jlexoso e B'bBe)leH B 3a6Jiy.>K,n;ettHe. 3aw.oTo TaH 6oJiecT, KaKTo· ce
OnHCBa, qe H8JIHra HOW.HO BpeMe xopaTa, KOraTO CTTHT, H HMa H B 3a-
na,n;Ha ooJirapHH, caMo 11e He H Hap1-1iiaT Mopaaa, a e 6e3 11Me. 06a-
qe H rOHHT 11pe3 6aHHe, nOJIHBaHe, 3aIIOHBaHe H MarHH, a MHOro pH,D;KO,
KaKTO CTaBa H rrpH BCHtJKH 6oJieCTH, npH6HrBaT no MOJIHTBH.)

10. Ycmpell u;zu ycoe

11 TOH e JIOlll nyx, KOHTO Hanana ·Ha tJOBeKa · 11 ro
MYWKa K8TO C H0.>K. 113KapBa ce C'bC CHJiaTa Ha 6aHHe, nOJIHBaHe H
aanoiiaatte , a TaKa CoW.O H 11pe3 MarHH. ToH ,n;yx noxa)Kna, KoraTo ro
HanpanlT 11pe3 MarHH, a noxa.>K,n;a H oT cpew.aHe c JIOlll BHT'bp . (Ba6a
Mop<pa, c. ,UepeKbOH, Ko30Jiara11Ko.) 1:YK e H3Becnia TaH 6oJiecT
C . HMeTo cm_pellKU - ,,HMaM CTpeJIKH" HJIH ,,CTpeJIKH ro XB8H8JIH".
C Tosa HMe e H3.BecTHa H B 3ana,n;Ha BoJirapHH .

JI. M pamu~fl-K
/ MpaTHHHK'bT e . JIOlll ,n;yx, npe,n;cTaBJIHBaH KaTo
TOJI.H.Ma qepHa KOKOlllKa, rpO3Ha, C roJieMH O'IH. TOH nyx ce K83Ba ow.e
K0K0U1a 6(J)Jlecm, KOHTO naKOCTH caMO Ha .K0KOlllKHTe 11 npyrHTe ,n;o-
MalllHH UTHI.I,H . B HeHHa qecT HMa ycTpoeH npa3HHK (14 HOeMBpH),
KOraTO H ce KOJIH 11epHO nHJie KaTo .>KepTBa H ce H3BopIIIBa T 1'J3BeCTHH
o6pe,u.H" H ,o6wrnH. ·

12. Bllac
Toif e ,u.yx, KOHTO xo,u.H H M0pH roae.n.aTa . B tterosa
qecT HMa npa3HHK (11 cpespyapH) C o6pe,n.H, )KepTBa H o6HtJaH.

J:J. Jlucama
Cow.o JIOlll ,u.yx, KOHT0 naKOCTH Ha tJOBe1.une.
ToH ,u.yx Hana,n.a tJOBeKa H MY nace K0CHTe no rJiaBaTa, MYCTaKHTe
6pa,u.°aTa H se)K)J.HTe. B Herosa qecT HMa npa3HHK c o6pe)].H 11 o6HtJaiL

14. CKAonu,u
Hapo,n.HoTo BHpBaHe r11 npe,n.cTaBJIHBa -)KeHH,
Ji TO HHKOJIKO cecTpH; JI0WH ,n.yxose, KOHT0 XOJJ.HT CaMo no ,n.eu_a, ·a
MHOfO pHJJ.KO no Bb3pacTHH xopa. ,UeTe, KOeTo e Hana,u.Ha,To OT CKJIO-
IlUH, CKJianHT MY ce tJeJIIOCTHTe H He MO.>Ke .n:a CH OTBOpH ·ycTaTa, 3a
H A POP.H A !Bf/PA 291
..n.a cyqe. 11 TOBa )leTe yMHpa , aKo ce He JJeKyaa. JleKyBa ce c 6aHHe,
pa3Tp1rnaHe. (Ba6a PaiiKa, c. KHe)Ka, 6a6a BbJIKaHa, c. JhnaKOBO,
oa6a UeHa, c. MapalllKH TpbcTeHHK .)

15. Ba6uu,u
TmKe ce npe)lCTaBJIHBaT KaTO HHKOJIKO cecTpH, JIO-
:lllH JJ.YXOBe, K0HTO Hana)laT caMO )leuaTa; a MHOfO pHJJ.KO H Bb3paCTHHTe.
Hana.D.HaTHTe · JJ.eua 6a6uttciceam, noJiyqaaaT CHJIHa JJ.HapHH,
K0HTO MO)Ke H )la yMopH 60JIHOTO )leTe. 11 qoseK MO:>Ke )la 6a611qaca .
.JleKysaT ro c 6aHHe H 3anousaHe. (Ba6a To.Aopa, c. CTaKhOBU:H, 6a6a
Bb.iIKatta, c. J1HTaKoso, 6a6a MHqa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)

16. KizuHoee
J10lllH )lyxose, KOHTO Ha 6poii ca 77 BepH. Te
Hana)laT Ha qoBeKa H ro ycTpeJIBaT B CJia6HHHTe; M'h:>K, KOHTO HMa
KJIHti.i:me, He MO:>Ke )la 6n)le M'h:>K. (Ba6a Mopcpa, c . .LlepeKhOH. Cpa.
-C 6HY., IX, 139, Tiepym.11ua.) J1eKyaaT rH c 6aHHe.

17. fl d/lOBUHKa 60/l.eCm

He3aBHCHMO OT BCHqKH H36poeHH )lOTYK HeqHCTH
..n.yxoae - ~oJieCTH., HapOJJ.HOTO . BHpBaHe yqH, qe HMa JJ.pyrH 77 1/2
,6oJieCTH. 77-Te 6cmeCTH MOraT )lace H3fOHHT, o6aqe TIOJIOBHHaTa 6oJieCT,
IlOJIOBHHHHT JlYX e HaH-JlOlllHHT, 38UJ.OTO 3a Hero UHp )lOCera He ce
HaMepHJI H C HHlIJ.O He MO:>Ke .n.a ce H3fOHH. OTTyK H TaH TIOJIOBHHKa
OOJieCT e Haif-onacHa. TH )le6He BCHKa 6oJiecT H KaTO HHKOH 6oJieCT
Hana.n.He qoaeKa, TH ce npHTYPH, Ta H IlOMara H OTTaMo IlOHHKOra
iH BCHqKH 6a.HHHH He IlOMaraT.
3a )la ce HaMepH U:Hp Ha TaH IlOJIOBHHKa 6oJieCT, Kora To ce 6e-
paT ;1.pyrHTe 6HJJKH 38 .APYfHTe 6oJieCTH, noaepHeTO yqH .n.a ce OTK'h-
·CHaT H 3a THH 77 1/2 6oJieCTH 77 pa3JIHqHH 6HJIKH, KaKBHTO H .n.a ca,
a 3a IlOJIOBHHKaTa 6oJieCT )la ce OTK'hCHe :>KMHqKOM IlOJlOBHHa OT KOHTO
11 )la 6HJIO 11.B~iT; TaH ·noJIOBHHKa OT useTa iue MO:>Ke )la H3f0HH IlOJIOBHH-
.KaTa .AYX, noJIOBHHKaTa 6oJJecT. (Ea6a To.rr.opa, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a
fioHa, c. PaKoami_a, 6a6a BeJia, -c. KHe:>Ka, 6a6a BnJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKo-
BO, 6a6a M11qa, c. Ko3ap Be.11eHe, 6a6a CToeHHua; c. BaJisaHU:H, 6a6a
.,lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJiosa, c. llIHnKa, 6a6a .Llecna, c . ..LlepeMaxne, 6a6a
<l>11J1a, c. BeJrnua, XacKoBcKo. Cps. C6HY, IX, 138,' Tiepym.mia.)

18. 3aw,o uaam 6o;zecmume

HapOJf.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'hp:>KJJ.aBa, qe KOraTo OpH-
,CHHUHTe opHCBaT )leTeTO, npHC'h)lBaT C'b)l6aTa MY H Hap11qaT KOJIKO
111.e :>KHBee, KaK'IDB JKHBOT m.e npeKapa, Kora iue yMpe HOT KaKBa 6onecT
 292 P.HMH1 T1!>P MAPPl'HOB

m.c yMpe. (Ba6a CToeHHJ..(a, c. BaJIBaHUH.) OTpe.netto e ow..e OT 'KOft

6onecT HMa .na ne>KH H KOH w.e npeMHHe, a OT KOH w.e yMpe.
IlpHKa3Ba ce, qe To.nopa 6one,nyBaJia oT cHnaHHUaTa, OT KOHTO
ornymana H ocnenHna. O6a11e BHpBaHeTo TBop.nH, qe TaKa if e _6HJIO
oTpe.netto oT opHCHHUHTe. (C6H.Y, XII, 5, ra6poBo.)
ETO 3am.o 'IOBeK, 3a )I.a YMHJI0CTHBH C'b)J,6a.Ta, a 3ae)J,HO C He.SI H
60J1ecTHTe,KOHTO w.e MY )J,OH:)J,aT Ha rJlaaaTa, ycTpOHJI e npa3HHUH s
qecT Ha THH 60J1eCTH, npHHaCH HM >Kep'rBa,. npH)J.py>KeHa c o6pe,nH,.
06Ht1aH H neCHH.
OcBeH npa3HHUHTe H >KepTBHTe 'IOBeK'bT e rrpH6HrHaJI H )J,O .np yrH
cpe.n~TBa KaTo: 3a0pBaHe, :>KHB 0f'bH H .np., KOHT0 w.e 6o)J,aT OflHCaHH,.
H qpe3 THH cpe,ncTBa HapO)J,H0TO BHpBaHe YTB'bp>K)J,aBa, qe tJOBeK e yc-
IUIJI, T. e. TaM0, )J,eT0 ca ynoTpe6eHH THH cpe)J,CTBa, 6oJieCT He CT'b.rrBa,.
HJIH aKO e _)J,OlllJla, T.H 6Hra.

TPETA r PYTIA
HeBH)J,HMH C'bll.(eCTBa, KOHTO ca T0>Ke CB-p'bX-
ecrecTBeHH, HO ce HaMHpaT B IlOCTO.HHHO ConpHKOCHOBeHHe C lI0BeKa,.
npHTe>KaBaT MH0ro OT 1IeJI0BeqecKHTe KaqecTBa H CBOHCTBa, .nopH H
BJIH38T B C'b>KHTeJICTB0 C qeJI0BeKa.
TyK H)J,aT:
1. CaMOBHJIH.
2. BHXpH, BHXpyrnKH , 3HMHH cTy)J,eHH BeTpHma.
3. 3MeHOBe, 3MeHUH .
4. JlaMH, xaJ1a.
5. KapaKOH)J,>KO.
6. Ceii61u1, cTonaHHH.
7. CTHXHH.
8. CHHKa.
9. Exo, eKoT, exTaBa.

1. Ca.MOBUAU

HsiMa no-n03HaTH Ha HapO)J,HOro !UlipBaHe li Ha

HapO)J,HHTe neCHH H npHK83KH HeBH)J,HMH C'bll.(eCTBa OT CaMO'BHJIHTe.
BcHlJKHTe ca e)J,HO ecTeCTB0, . e)J,HH po)J, C e.nttaKBH KatJecTsa H
CBOHCTBa, caM0 e)J,HHTe ca MJla)J,H, ow.e M0MH, a )J,pyrHTe ca CTapH "H no-
BeqeTo OT THX ca >KeHeHl{. OTTaMO BHpBaHeTo fH HapH11a C JI.Be HMeHa:
- Ca.M08UAU H Ca.Moaueu.

al C a M o B H JI H, a H JI H

CaMOBHJIHTe Hapo,n.HOT0 BHpBaHe npe,n.cTaBJIHBa

1<aTo KpaCHBH MJ13)J,H .MQMH, KOHTO C'bC CBO.HTa KpacoTa ca OMaHBaJIH
HaWHTe IOH3UH.
 HAP ·OJill/A lBf[PA 293
Te >KHBeHT no BHCOKHTe nJiaHHHCKH PYJJ.H PYJJ.HHH (noJrnHH),
Kpaii IIJiaHHHCKHTe HeHaqHaTH esepa, IlOJJ. CHHKaTa Ha BHTKHTe eJIXH.
Te ce K'bTIHT B e3epaTa, HrpaHT xopo no THXHOTO xopollilW,e H Hp.HT,
6po3HT CBOHTe XB'bpKOBaTH KOHe no CBOHTe eupOllUW,a H MHTaT CBOHTe
CTpe.,IH .
K.oHeTe HM ca ,,cyp-eJieHH", KOHTO eJieHH ca OT .npyr po.n, a He OT
06HKHOBeHHTe, 3aI.IJ,OTO ca KpHJiaTH, HMaT KpHJie H XB'bpqaT.
CaMOBHJIHTe HOCSIT 6HJIO o6JieKJIO: 6SIJia pH3a, MHOrO T'bHKa, KaTO
CHHKa, npes KOHTO ce npo3Hpa cHaraTa HM, a onacaHH ca C'bC aynul{a
(onac), KOHTO HM8 II.,BeTa Ha )J.'bfaTa, HO C8MO qe 3eJieHHHT UBHT e no-
TOJIHM H 6He HaH-MHoro Ha oqHTe. K.ocHTe HM ca pycH, caeTJIH H MHoro
)J,'bJlfH, Ta KaTO JieTHT HJIH XO)J.HT, BeHT ce· )J.aJieqe BbB Bb3)J.yxa. Ha
rJiaBaTa CH HOC.HT BeHeu OT CaMoauecKO l{Beme, C KOHTO BeHeu OMa-
ThOCBaT HJIH 6HJibOCBaT IOHaUHTe. Tio.n MHllIHHUHTe CH HMaT JieKH KpH-
Jie, C IIOMOI.IJ,Ta Ha K'.OHTO MoraT .na XBbpqaT; XB'bpqaHeTO HM e JieKO, KaTO
KOFa .nyxa THX BeTpeu, HapeqeH nollU6HUK.. Te JieTHT BCHKOra Harpy-
TIH, MHOro PHJJ.KO caMH . Ha rpynH ce H K'bIIHT, Ha rpynH CH OTIIQqHBaT
IlOJJ. MXHTe H HrpaHT. HHKOra necHHTe He CIIOMHHHT caMa caMOBHJia
HJIH BHJia. KoraTO I.IJ,e OTH)J.aT IIO•)J.aJJeqe HJIR KOf8TO I.IJ,e ce 60pHT C HH-
KOH IOHaK, Te B'b3CH)J.aT Ha cyp-e.neHH, KOHTO HM CJly)l{aT aa KOHe,
caMO qe THH eJieHI.f ·ca XB'bpKOBaTH, C KplfJie. ETo KaK HallIHTe neCHH
pHc.yaaT CaldOBHJIHTe, .B'b3Ce,lJ.HaJIH Ha eJieHH:

J1 CH 513)1.H cyp-eJieHa,
Cyp eJieHa 11IecT0Kpiweu;
CTpeMeH11 H 3eJlett ryI.IJ,ep,
'103)1.a ii JlIOTa 3WHI,
5l K8MllIHK .H ycoiiHHUa .
Ho HMa eJieHH c oI.IJ,e noseqe KpHna:
I

513JJ.HJIH ca .no Tpil BHJIH.

no ·TpH BHJIH C8MOBHJIH,
Cyp-eJieHH XB'bpKosaTH . .
TibpBH eJieH wecTOKpHJieu,
llpyrH eneH .neaeTKpHJieu,
A IIbK Tpen1 .naaHaikeTKpHneu.
Hero H3.U.H f10pn1 ,BHJia,
Haii-Mna.naTa aaH-naJihHBa.
CJJywaHa oT 6a6a llecna, c. PeceH, TnpHoBcKo HOT 6at5a CToSina, c. Kne>Ka,
OpHX•OBCKO, Cp.B.. 106:HY, IV, 124·; v. 7; VII I, 5

CaMOBHJUITe HMaT 6op6H H CHOIIIeHHH l:{3KJll011HTeJIHO H CaMO C

0B113pHTe H IOHaU,HTe. Ost1ap11Te, 'K 0HT0 nacaT JIHTHO BpeMe CBOHTe CTa-
.u.a no
BHCOKHTe nJlaHHHCKH PY.U.H py.l(HHH H rH ITOHT no HeHatieHaTHTe
IIJl3HlUICKH esepa, n0 TO$! CJiyqaii HMaT e~e.ztHeBHa cpema C'bC caMOBH-
294 ,aHMJ1T'F,P MAP.lilHO B

JlHTe. lOHaUHTe Il'bK, KaTo ca H3JIH3aJIH no IIJla.IIHHHTe C'h<; CBOHTe KOHe

)J.a fOHHT eJJ.pa JIOBa, cyp-eJieHH, cpen:r.aJIH
ca BHJIH H caMOBHJIH.
l0Hau1ne, KaTO .ca rOHHJIH cypHTe eJieHI-f H BHTKHTe KOUIYTH, Ha-
JIHTaJIH ca Ha BHpOJIHIUeTO caMOBHJICKO, .neTo caMOB.HJIHTe ce eupUA'U
(6pn3HJIH) C'bC CBOHTe XB'bpKOBaTH KOHe H ca MHTa.TIH ClB0HTe c-rpeJJH .
Torasa· Te TpH6BaJIO e .u.a BJIH3aT B 6op6a C'bC ~aMOBHJIHTe. Ho T'bH.
KaTO IOHaUHTe o6Jia).l.aBaT CBpoXtIOBeuJKa CHJI3~ TO HapOJJ.HO~O BHpBaHe H
Hapo,U.HHTe HH neCHH BCHKOr2 rrpe)J.CTaBJIHB3T IOHal.J.HTe 3a rro6e)J.HTeJIH.
TaKaaa 6op6a Ha Pa6po 10HaK c nHMHa 10.u.a HH npe,u.aaaT Ko.n:e.u.apcKH-
Te rrecHH.
Pa6po IOH3K ce pa3XO}K)J.aJI CKOHH CH no [IJlaJIHHH'Je .na fOHH cyp-
eJieHH ~ KOlllY1.'H H H3JieTHJI Ha caMOBHJIHTe, ,u.eTo ca BHpHJIH CBOHTe KOHe
Ha BHpomuueTO H XBopraJIH CBOHTe CTpeJrn. BcHtlKHTe caMOBHJIH H BHJIH
33CTaHaJIH )J.3 rJie,l\aT T3K'bB JIHtieH H KpaCHB IOHaK KaK HpH CBO.H KOH
H MHTa CBOeTO KOIIHe. TaMO 6HJia H nHMHa 10,U.a, ci'apa BHJia.; TH He
MO}K_aJia .u.a T'bpIIH TaK'hB IOHaK, B'b3Ce)J.HaJia C.BOH XBbpKOBaT KOH cy_p-
eJieHa H sp1>xJieTHJJa Ha Hero H notIHaJia .u.a ro ycTpeJiaa:

IO.na MeTH3 T'hHK3 CTpeJia' JloJIOBH H, IIOJIOMH H.

ToHKa cTpena e)J.HonepKa,
E.ziHone.pKa, 6eJionepKa,
)la ycTpeJIH Pa6po IOHaK.
Pa6po MeTHa IUHT H3 ce6e,
Ta 3ana3H KOH H ce6e;
TTa )J.OJIOBH ThHK3 CTpeJia,
)loJIOBH H, ITOJIOMH H.
TTaK CH KOHH pa3Hrpasa
Do nJiaHHHH, no py.U.HHH
CaMOJJ.HBH H~ H.lI.OBe.
PasJIIOTH ce )lHMHa 10.u.a,
na MY rrpaTH BTopa CTpeJJa,
BTopa cTpeJia .nsoenepKa,
)lsoenepKa, qpbHonepKa,
na ycTpeJIH Pa6po IOHaK.
Pa6po MeTHa IUHT Ha ce6e,
Ta 33IUHTH KOH H ce6e;
fla )J.OJl(?BH BTOpa CTpeJia,
J,fa c6opHHKa MH, CJiyllJaH a OT 6a6a B-b.~Kaua , C. JlHTaKOBO. -Cps. sapHaHT
C6HY , VIII, 5
TTaK CH KOHH E33Hrpaaa.
JlHMH3 rrpaTH TpeTa CTp eJia,
TpeTa cTpena, TpoenepKa,
BHJiheHtieBa, .neJiheHtieBa,
III.o 6HJihOCBa, :mo )J.eJibOCBa,
MJI3)1H MOMUH H IOH3UH,
III.o npo6HBa HKH IUHTH.
Pa6p.o IOHaK IUHT H3.U.Hrna,
Ta 33IUHTH KOH H ce6e . ·
11 )J.OJIOBH TpeTa CTpeJia,
TpeTa cTpeJia 6HJiheJitieBa.
JlO,IJOBH H, ITOJIOMH .H.
fla CH KOHH p33HrpaBa
11 MeTHa CH 6yiiHO KOIThe,
Ta yJJ.apH caMOJJ.HBa,
e}K)J. y JJ.BeTe 111> p m1 O"IH,
M_
HaKapa .H B q1>paa 3eMH -
· •

OairapHTe, 3KO Ha.ITeTH1' Ha rpyna CaMOBHJIH, KOIITO ce K'hIIHT

HJIH ce)J.HT IIO)J. HHKOH eJixa, HJIH Hrpa HT Ha xopoJIH:W.eTo, aopruaT
no,u.BH3H, HO OT , .u.pyr po,u.. TyK nOJJ.BH3HTe Ha oa11ap1-ne ca H3 o6Jia-
cnne Ha XYJJ.O}KeCTBOTO, sa:moTo T~XHOTO Op'b}KHe He e ,,6yfrno· KO II He" t
HO ·,,Me}J.eH KaBaJI" HJIH ,,CBHpKa HBOpoaa" .
floHe}Ke CaMOBHJIHTe ca CTpaCTHH JII06HTeJIKH Ha MY3HK.aTa H
TaHUHTe, TO oaqapHTe ca 6nBaJIH npHHY}KJJ.aBa.IIH ,[I.a npaBHT OOJiora H-
HAPOJ].HA Bf[PA 295
CBHpeHeTo. necmne pa3K33BaT 33 MHOro TaKHBa 'o6.1roaH Cloe CTMHHU.li
0BllapH. Myp:>K◊, .UHMH_T bp, EoHKO,H ow_e ,u.p., KaT0 ca HaJIHT3JIH Ha
caMOBHJIH, IIOJI.BH3aBaJIH ce JI.a CBHpHT H cneqeJIBaJIH ca 06.1rora. .UH-
MHTbp rH HaJI.CBl-f:PHJI, HO' My onpocTHJIH TpeBHHHaTa . (C6HY, II I, 151.)
Bo:>KKO ce XBaHa.11 H TOH Ha o6Jiora: aKo ro Ha,D.Hrpa.HT,JJ.a .My 3e-
MaT CHBOTO CTa,u.o; aKO JIH fH Ha,D.CBHpH, j:(a MY )J.a,D.aT. HaH-MJia,D.aTa ca-
MOBHJia 33 6y.11Ka. TOH CBHpH.11 H Te HrpaJIH 6e3 IlO'llHBKa. TPH Jl.HH H Ha-
Kp~H Te KanttaJIH,na)J.HaJIH, a 60:>KKO ow_e CBHpHJI. TTpH3HaJIH ce 33 rro-
6e)J.eHH H .ZI.aJIH MY HaH-MJia,u.aTa c a M o B H ..11 a r
10 p r a 3a :>Ketta.
Toir H oTse.11 y JJ.OMa CH H ce o:>KeHHJI aa tte.H. (Ba6a BbJI.KaHa TTeHosm.1.a,
C. JlHTaKOBO.)
CaMOBHJIHTe ca BJia,D.eTeJJH Ha BHCOKHTe IlJlaHHHH, Ha IlJl3HHH-
CKHTe py,D.HHH H e3ep3 H 3HMaT 33 mpeBHUHa H 33 Han@U 6HJIO OT CTa-
)J.HHUHTe, 6HJIO OT ueJIH ceJia. OT OT)J.eJIHH CTa,D.HHUH 3HMaT qepmne
oqH Ha OB1:Jap1ne, 3 OT ceJiaTa ,,TpH M0MH neCHOIIOH<KH,. TpH MOMl,leTa
KaBaJI,lJ.:>KHH, TpH HeBeCTH xop0Hrp1-i'' (Ba6a BbJIKaHa, c .. JlHTaKOBO);
HJIH IlbK ,,,D.Be Hesecnf 6ea,u.eTKHHH, )J.Be·,u.eBOHKH HerJiaBeHH, )].Ba IOHaKa
HerJiaBeHH, )I.Be ,neqHua MJieqHHqeTa". ' (Bb6a BbJIKaHa, C. JIHT3KOBO.
CpB. C6HY, IX, 16, ,llynHHillKO.) .
KaKTO cnoMeHaxMe, caMOBHJIHTe o6H'llaT MHOro .na ce Kb.II.HT B. e3e-
paTa. KoraTO w_e ce Koll.HT' Te CH Cb6JIHqaT C a M O B H JI C K H T e
p H 3 H H CBaJI.HT OT rJiaBaTa Cij Ca MOB H JI C K H T e B e H U H - R TO-
raaa Te OCTaBaT MOMH, K8KTO BCHKa MOMa, H MOraT .na ce rpa6su.
MH03RHa OT H31llHTe 10H8UH, na H oaqapH, K;iT0 ca H3JIRTaJIH Ha. Ta.Ka.Ba
rpyna OT caMOBRJIH, cno.11yqsa.11H ca .na y.110B.HT no HHKOH . . KaTo ce
Kbil.HT, Te Hrpa.H,:, IlJIHCKaT B'bB BO,lJ.aTa H ,lJ.OTOJIKOBa. ce 3axJiacaaT,
IU0TO Ma.TI KO Blf:>K)].3T K3KBO CTaBa OKOJIO T.HX.
ToH MOMeHT H3,lJ.e6aaT 10H3UHTe HJIH oaqapHTe, Ta HM OTKpa.naa-T
pH3l:IT-e HJIH aeHUHTe H Toraaa Te CT~BaT C'bIIJ.HHCKH MOMH.
HapO)J.HHTe neCHH HH CO'llaT Ha TaKHBa cJiyt.JaH .
,ll H M H a B H JI a ce K'bna.11a H OCT3BRJia pR3aTa CR, BeHeua CR.
KpJ,fJleTe CR Ha 6pera Ha e3epOTO. CJiyqHJIO ce, Ta MHHaJI no TYH BpeMe
TaM'o Pa6po IOHaK, KOHTO 6HJI TporHaJI no JIOB; TOH H CbrJie,lJ.aJI, CJie-
3HaJI OT KOH.H H K3TO ,,)J.e6oM ,n;e61,IJ1", ,,w_anoM w_ana.11" ' npHMb.KHaJI ce
)].O ·pH3aTa, aetteua H KpH.11eTe,6e3 ,LJ.a ro cor:.11e,n;a TH, H rH 3e.11. KqraTo
Te ca 6HJIH B HerOBHTe p1,ue, TOH ce ITOKa3aJI. )lHMHa BHJia .IlOHCKaJia .na
CH ·06Jieqe pH3aTa, HO He .SI HMaJIO, aeHeua H TOH JIHilCBaJI, a JIHIICBaJIH H
KpHJieTe. T..H ce noqyacTByBaJia TOraaa: o6HKHOBeHa 'MOMa, 38IIJ.OTO 6e3
THH Hema TH . He e aeqe BHJia ff ~e MO:>Ke ,u.a 0TH,D.e npH CaMOBHJiHTe .1.
TH -ro MOJIHJia ,n.a H BbpHe aeIIJ.HTe, KaTo MY npe,n;.11ara.11·a ,,,n.a MY cTaHe
no.Matlttu.Ma". ,,TTqMaH11HMa CH HMaM" - . nporosop11.11 Pa6po; ,,)l.a · TH cTa-
Ha nocecmpuMa'' - Ka3aJia caMoBHJiaTa; ,,H nocecTpHMa CH ·11MaM" - oT-
BopHa.11· Pa6po . ,;E,D.HO CH H.HMaM , nopBO JIH6e CH H.HMaM H TM Ilbp'BO
Jrn6e w_e MH 6b)J.elll ." Xaatta.11 51 aa poKaTa 'H H OTBe.11 y ,n.oMa CH . (Ba6a
,llecna, c . ;[(epeMax.11e. Cps. C6HY, VIII, ·23.)
CTO.HH OB'llapHH ,C'bIIJ.O Ta Ka H3)l.e6naJI TpH ·caMOBHJIH, qe ce K'hmiJIH
B UH6pOTO e3epo, H HM 3eMaJI pH3HTe,3eJieHHTe 3YHHUH (onacH) H KpH-
 296 I!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

Jiere. Te H TpHTe CTaHaJIH M0MH_H MY ce M0JIHJIH JJ.2 HM n0B'bpHe p83HTe,

3YHHUHTe H KpHJieTe. Ton H36paJI OT TpHTe Han-xy6aaaTa H H 3eJJ C'bC
ce6e CH, a Ha JJ.pyrHTe JI.Be nOB'bpHaJI aem.nTe H Te CTaHaJIH caMOBMJIH.
Y JIOBeHaTa C a M O B H JI a p a JI. K a TOH OTBeJI y JI.OM a _CH H ce O>KeHHJI
3a HeH, HO cKpHJI pn3aTa if, 3YHHUaTa H KpHJieTe if . TH meTaJia a .AOMa
MY, KaKTO BCHKa HeaecTa. MHHaJia ce roJJ.HHa H TH MY poJJ.HJia .n.e-re -
MOM11e. CTOHH no TOH CJiy11afl CBHKaJI rocTe H Kp'bCTHHK, Ta Kp'bCTHJIH
.z:t.eTeTo. Y cTpOHJI aeceJI6a H nHp. B'bs speMe ua nHpa Ha rocTeTe CKHMHaJio
JI.a HM nonrpae 6yJIKaTa Ca MOB H JI CK a Ta H r p H JI K a H CTOHH
.SI HaKapaJI .na 11;·r pae. Ho TH 0Trosop1-1J1a,11e caM~Bl-lJICKaTa 1-1rp11JIKa M0>Ke
.z:t.a Hrpae caMo aKo c1-1 ~6neqe caMOBl-lJICKaTa p1-13a c'bc 3ya1-1uaTa H
KpHJieTe . CTOHH 06a11e He CMeHJI JI.a H TIOB'bpHe THH aem.1-1, 331Il.OT0 me·
xap'bKHe. Pa.nKa MY 0Tr.oaop1-1na: .,He 6oii ce, JIH6e CTOHHe; noceM
cera C'bM TBOH Ta TBOH; K'b Ill.SI Cl-I OCTasa M'b>KKOTO·)J.eTe?" CTOHH H Il0BHp-
. BaJI H H3Ba)J.HJI aem.nTe OT paKJiaTa, )J.eTO fH 6HJI 33KJil011HJI, H H
ril JJ,aJI. TH OTHlIIJia a cTasna, Ta ce o6JIHKJia. KaTo H3Jie3HaJia, Pa.D.Ka
aeqe He 6HJia HesecTa' a caMOBHJia. CTOHH 3aTBOpHJI BpaTaTa· H Pa)J.Ka
no11ttaJJa JJ,a Hrpae. 3aaopTHJia ce ae)J.H'h>K, 3aaopn1Jia ce JJ.Ba>K H
BCH11KH 6HJIH OM8HHJL Ka.TO ee 3aBopnIJia TpeTH Il'bT., TH. H3JieTHJia H3
KOMHHH. CTO.HH, KaTO BliJJ..HJI TOBa, H3CKOKH3JI 6op30 H3B'bH H IlO11H8JI
.n.a .SI MOJIH JI.a He OCTaBH )J.eTeTq. TH MY 0TfOBOpHJia:

HaJIH 3Haerne, CToeHe,

CaMOBHJia K'bllJ.a He BopTH,
CaMoBHJia .neua He xpaHH.
)lHpH Me, CTO.HHe, TaM rope,
Ha npox Ha PHJia nnaHHHa,
Ha caMOBHJICKHTe Hrpnm.a,
Kpafl caMOBHJICKOTO e3epo •.
OT 6a6a .lloHa, c. IIIttrIKa, 6a6a ,ilo6pa, c. Tsbp.zrnu.a. Cps. eapHaHTHTe B
C6HY, XII, 6, ra6poeo; npHK33KHTe B C6HY,·v, 137; XII, 157, TipHJlen;
XIII, 182, Oxpu~

KaKTO H no-rope ce CTIOMeHa, . caMOBHJIHTe ca OTK'bpMHJili MHO-

3HHa OT H3llIHTe lOH3UH, HapOJJ.HOTO B.HpBaHe noco11Ba B HapOJJ.HHTe
neCHH HHKOJIKO rrpHMepa. C e K y JI a· JI. e T e H u e e cyKaJI MJiflKO
Ha caM0BHJia,3aToaa e cTaHaJI IDHaK; K p a JI H M a p K o - C'bllJ.0To;
M o M 11 H JI 10 H a K - C'bW.OTo, H om.e JJ.P. (Ba6a Co6a Boiiqeaa, c.
JiecH,npeH, TeTeaeHcKo, 6a6a Byn1 HHKOJIHUa, c.Jlorurn, H 6a6a B'bJI-
Katta, c. JIHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO. Cps. C6HY, IV, 65, JJ.eTo 11.etta ca-
M0BHJia 3aJJ.0HJia CeKyJia ,neTettue; VI, 112, Opxatt»e, ,neTo KpaJIH
Mapi<o To>Ke CHCaJI OT caM0BHJia; XIV, 74, 3a MoMtJHJI IOHaK.)
CorrpHKOCHOBeHHeTo Ha HallIHTe lOH8UH H OB11apn C'bC caMOBliJIHTe
)J.0T0JIK0Ba e 6HJIO 6JIH3KO H HHTHMHO,
t,
ur.01;:o MHOro Il'bTH THH C3MOBHJIH
ca CT8B3JIH nocecTpHMH Ha HHK0H lOHaK H HM Il0MaraJI H B'bB BpeMe Ha
HY*JJ.a HJIH HanacTH. (Ba6a Pa,na, c. Topttoao npH·CeiiMeH.) BJIH3KOTO
HA POP.HA Bf[PA 297
TI03HaHCTBO Ha HallIHTe IOHaU.H H OBttapH C'bC caMOBHJIHTe e 6HJIO )1.0'fOJI-
KOBa, ~OTO Te ca HayttHJIH H HMeHaTa Ha no-rJiaBHHTe OT THX, KaKTO
H KOH CaMOBHJia Koe o6Jia)1.aBa.
TaKa necHHTe HH Ka3BaT, tte:
CT a H a-c 3 M O B H JI a, KOHTO ce B'b3IlHBa BCHKOra ,,ThHK3
CTaHa", ,,3JiaTHOKpHJia", 6H~a nocecTpHMa H )1.pyrapKa C3MO Ha CBHp-
U.HTe H KasaJIJ.()KHHTe H necHonoHKHTe. (Ba6a Kepa, c. Haan.srne,
fa6pOBCKO, 6a6a .UoHa, C. lliHnl{a .)
.U e H a-c a M o B H JI a 6HJia nocecTpHMa H )1.pyrapKa Ha 10"Ha-
l{ume~pamo6optfu. (Ba6a MapHH, c. TiarnaKhOH, 6a6a ,UparaHa, c.
Tio,n..aec.)
P a JI K a-c a Mo B H JI a 6HJia nocecTpHMa Ha oaqap1ne H na-
CTHpHTe. .(Ba6a B'bJIKaHa, C. JlHT3KOBO.)
M a r .n. a-c a M o B H JI a 6HJia nocecTpHMa Ha 6uARpKume,
KOHTO C'bOHpaT CaM06UACKume 6UAICU 33 JieKyBaHe H MafHH. TH HMa CBOH
rpa.z:urna C BCHKaKBH 6HJIKH, C KOHTO JieKyBa BCHKaKBH OOJIKH. (6~6a
.UoHa, C. lliHnKa.) 11Ma 6HJIKa HJIH l{Beme caM08UACICO, C KOeTo H M'bpThB
qoaeK B'b3Kp'bCBa, 3KO ce noJiee CBO)J.aTa, B KOHTO ~ sapeHO TYH u.seTe.
T.H HMaJia 6HJIKa, C KO.HTO MO)KaJia )J.3 IlO)J.MJl3)1.H qoseKa. TH 3HaeJia
ome )J.eKa HMa )KHBa B0,lJ.3 H caMO TH MO)KeJia )I.a OTH)J.e )I.a 3eMe OT TaH
Bo.u.a. (Ba6a Il~Ha, c. lliHnKa).
C M H T a-c a Mo B H JI a e nocecTpHMa Ha )J.'bpBapHTe, Ha ropn-
,e. (Ba6a Bop6a, c. P-eceH. TopHOBCKo.)
11Ma orn.e caMOBHJIH: .[{HMHa•IO)J.a, Haii-cTapaTa C3MOBHJia, 11 pH-
H a c a M o a H JI a, A H r e JI H H a-c a M o B H JI a, B H P. a-ca M o-
.s H JI a, CT o ii H a-c a Mo a H JI a, rep M e p y .u. a-c a Mo a n JI a,
T JO JJ a-c a M O B H JI a H f IO p r a-c a M O B H JI a, KOHTO e HaH-
MJia)i.aTa OT BCHtIKHTe caMOBHJIH H Haii-HeMHpHaTa, HaH-)1.HBOJIHTa-
Ta H H~H-Il3JIHBaTa 33 IOH3U.HTe H MOMU.HTe. TioaeqeTo ·OT THH H36poe-
HH C~MOBHJIH cnope.zt HapO)J.HOTO B.HpBaHe H neCHHTe ca 6mm ConpyrH -
X<:eHH Ha H3lllHTe IOH3U.H, pa>K)J.3JIH ca JJ.eu.a H IlOCJie naK H36HrBaJIH B
nnaHHHHTe. (Ba6a BacHJia Moesa, c. BaflpaMJJ.epe, TipecnascKo, 6a-
6a KaJIHHKa KeH.eaa, c. Tio.n.aec, Kaptto6aTcKo, 6a6a .UoHa, c. lliHnKa,
6a6a Totta Bett·Koaa, c. Hoso ceJio, CeaJIHeBCKO, 6a6a TieHa MHtteaa,
c. KoJIH61ne, TpoHHCKo.)
CaMOBHJIHTe ce xpaHHT c 6HJJ XJIH6 H Me)J., a IlHHT 6HJia Me)J.OBH-
Ha, KOHTO c1>6HpaT OT copu.eTo Ha oaornKHTe. (Ba6a Co6a Boflttesa,
C. JlecHApeH, TeTeBeHCKO.)

6/ C a M o )1. H a H, IO .IJ. H
CaMO)J.HBHTe >KHBeHT no IIOJieTo; B peKHTe, Kpafl
MOCTOBeTe, !S1Di8 BHpoaeTe, KpaH qernMH H KJia)J.eHU.H; >KHBeHT orn.e H B
KJI»cypHII'e H nern.epHTe. EceH CH OTHBaT s ceJIOTO 3MeHKOBO, a ce
Bp1>lll.3T npoJieT. Te H3JIH33T caMO HOlll.HO apeMe, H TO B IlOTafrna JJ.o6a,
If ce K'hll.HT ,B peKHTe, BHpOBeTe, KJia)J.eHU.HTe H ttelllMHTe H nepaT CH
298 P.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

pH3HTe HJIK TIO nOJIHHHTe urpaHT XOpO Ha C a M O )I. H B C K H T e lf f-

p H I.U a.
Te ca >KeHeHH HJIH 3acrapeJIM MOMH.
CaMOAHBHTe npH1IHH.SIBaT ITOlJTH H3KJII01IHTeJIHO caMO naKOCTH Ha
11oaeu.HTe. (C6HY, IX, 19, DepyI.UHUa.)
JlHTHO apeMe caMOAHBHTe ce IiaMHpaT HaBCHK'blle: no MOpaBHTe,
no ropHCTHTe HHCKH Mecra, nOJIHHHTe, KpbCTOn'bTHI.UaTa, no)J. cTpe-
XHTe, npH caMO)J.HBCKHTe KJiaAeHU.H, a HaH-MHOfO no)J. BO,J;J.eHHU.HTe H
no)J. MOCTOBeTe.
y CTpenemne OT THX qoaeu.H MOraT na 6oAaT JieKyBaHH caMO OT
caMoeu.11,aa1euu, cneuHaJIHCTH no Tyii JieKyBaHe; aKo ca ycTpeneHH npe3.
PycaJICKa HeAeJIH OT caMOBHJIH, caM.:>)(HBH HJIH pycaJIKH, JieKyBaT rH
pycaJIHH (KaJiylllapH). (Ba~a tloHa, c. PaKOBHU.a, KyJlcKo, 6a6a Byn1.
c JlonHH, TereaeHCKO,
I
6a6a CroeHHU.a, c . 6aJIBaH1.ui, TopHOBCKO.
CpB. C6HY, XII, 126, BHTOJICKO.) .
CeJIOTO, B l.{OeTO :>KHBeHT caMOBHJIHTe, caMOAHBHTe, IO)(HTe H BH-
Jiine, e Ha Kpaw · cBHT H ce Ka3Ba 3MeiiKoao. TaMo HHKOH He MO>Ke na
OTH,D.e OCBeH CBpaKHTe~ CapaKHTe OTHBaT B ceJIOTO HM ·H TaMO BbplllaT
cMHJI H nocJie ce Bp'bI.UaT y Hac.3a ceJioTo HM ce ~TH Ba _npe3 TpH nJiaHH-
HH H ce crHra Ha Kpaii CB.HT. (Ba6a Mop<pa, c . .UepeKbOH, 6a6a .UoHa
Y3yH-HHKOJioaa, c. IlIHnKa. Cps .. C6HY, I, 72, TipHJien.)
(UeJIHH.T 6orar MaTepHaJI: npHKa3KH: necHH, BHpaamu1 3a caMo-
BHJIHTe, caMO)lHBHTe, C'bM Cb6paJI OT CJie)(HHTe 6a6H: 6a6a Map1u1 CTO-
.HHOBa, C. TialllaKbOH,51M60JICKO, 6a6a KoHH, C. Ko3'bKw11HCe, 6a6a Mop-
<pa, c . .UepeKbOH H 6a6a .Uecna, c . .UepeMaxJie, BCIPIKH. K'.h3'b~aratI-·
KO, 6a6a .UparaHa BoJIKoaa H 6a6a K.aJIHHKa KeHeaa, c . Tionaec,
KapHo6arcKp, ·6a6a CTaHa 51Heaa, c. PycoKacrpo, BypracKo, 6a6a
Pana ToJibOBa, c. TopHoao, XacKOBCKO, 6a6a .UoHa Y3yH-HHKOJioaa
H 6a6a UaHa TieHKOBHU.a, c. IllHnKa, 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHOBH.J~a, c .
To,nbOBUH, EJieHcKo, 6a6a Bop6a fHHeBa, c. Pecett, H 6a6a Croem-1u.a,.
c. BaJIBaHUH - TopHOBCKO, 6a6a BoJIKa TieHOBHUa, c • .riHraKOBO,
QpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a MH11a l1JIH:ii11eaa, c . Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBliI.UO.BcKo,
H ,np.)
Pa3JIHqHH~e aap11aHTH 3a caMOBHJIHTe ca co6paHH B C6HY, a
HMeHHO: ·1, 29, .55; II, 3,29;· 111, 151; IV, 16, 65, ll3, 114, 124; V, 5,
112; VIII, 5, 6. 23, 167; IX, 16,' 19, 131; X, 20; XII, 6, 125, 157;
XIII, 140. AT. I1JI. N2N25, 84, 272, 2.73, 274, . 275, 276. 285~ 307.
BepK. 279. M1-1JI. ··N220, N2179.

2. Buxpu, ouxpyU1.Ku, 3UMHU cmyaeHu oempuu a

BHxpu,Te, BHXPYlllKHTe H; 3HMHHTe aerpHI.Ua Ha-
pO.ll.HOTO BHp.BaHe nperropol!Ba K8TO CeGTPH lla ca~iOBHJIHTe H noMaraT
HM B'bB apeMe Ha HY>KAa, Koraro caMOBHJIHTe HMaT HY>KAB OT TH.X,
~ep,ttara )J.OJIHTaT.
CTOHH naC'bJl CT3)J.OTO CH no caMOAHBCKaTa na.nHHa H aacm1p.HJI C
HAPOJJ,HA Bf{PA 299
M~.II.emrn cu KaBaJI. ,Uoqyna ro caM0.UHBaTa H ce ~6opuna C'bC CTO.HHa;
CToHH me H Ha.II.Bue, ToraB~ caM0.UHBaTa BHKaJJa:
BHxpoBe, cecTpH BHxpyrnKHI
.llHeCKa me MH CTOHH H8.ll.BHe.
B-uxpyruKH ce crtycHaJIH,
B11.xpyrnKH ce CBHJIH.,
lie CH CTo.HHa xBaHaJIH,
11 cu CToHBa .II.HrHaJIH,
OT JJ.bpeo Ha .IJ.bpeo cJI·araJIH,
OT Bpbx Ha BpbX ..II.H.raJiu,
Kbc no KbC ro KH.HaJIH.
l1 cTa.IJ.o MY ce npbCHaJio.
)I(. CTap., I, 24, 25
3H.MHHTe CTy)l.eHH BeTpHma Heca JJ.pyro,HO naK BHXpH, BHXpyruKH,..
naK cecTpH Ha caM0BHJIHTe. 11 Te no nopbKa Ha caMOBHJIHTe rpa6sa-r
HeBeCTH H fH 0THHCaT npH THX Ha BpbX n~aHHHaTa.
TaKa e.II.Ha ne<;eH pa3Ka3aa:
CTOHHKa xapHa HeBecTa! CTapaTa 10,na H roaop11:
CTOHHKa Ha .II.Bopa ce)J.erne, - He nJiattH, CTOHHKe, He >KaJiif.
Mn>KKO CH )J.eTe .D.bp>Kellle, Ena ce ·c'Ha3e noJJK>JIHH,
l1 KanHU.3 My HH>Kerne: Ha HalllHTe 3JlaTHH JllOJltIHU.H ;-
OT :naa MH pe.II.a 6HJI 6Hcep, He 6epH rpH>KH, H.IJ.0Be,
OT T.PH MH pe.II.a >Kb.TJTHf:l,H, 3a TB0eT0 Mb>KK0 .II.eTeHu.e;
11 CH neceH neerne. Bttepa MHHaXMe Kpaif )J.BOpH,
Ot .II.e MH ,noif.II.oxa, .II.yxHaxa, Mb>KKO TH .II.eTe BH)J..HXMe;
3HMHH CTy.II.eHH BeTpoae, 3oJIBH TH ,neTe JIIOJiexa,
Ta CH CTOHHKa rpa6Haxa, l1 en MY rreceH rreexa:
l1 SI BHC0K0 .II.HfHaxa' - HaHH MH, HaHH, .II.eTeHue,
Ta .H Ha TIHpHH cJI0>KHXa, Ham-1 MH, ropKo · CHpatte.
Kpaii nHpHHCKH.Te· e3epa, Ha TPH He.II.eJIH 6e3 TaTKa,
]leKa ce 10,nH JIIOJiexa. Ha TPH Meceu11 6e3 MaHKa.
J,fa c6opHHKa MH. OT 6a6a B'b.lKaHa , c. JlHTaKoao. Cps. AT. HJI., N!! 272

3. 3Meii.oee, 3Meu4u
3MeHT e CBpbXlf0BelllK0 Cblll.eCTBO, KaKT0, H C3MO-
BHJIJ-1Te; HeBH)J.HM e, KaKBOTO BCH.lfKHTe .ll.PYf.lf CbmecTBa, 33 KOH.TO
r oaopHXMe~ HO Kal\TO caMOBHJIHTe, . Korar o HCKa, CTaBa BH.D.HM H CTaaa
Ha MOMbK, aKO e 3MeH, H Ha MOMa, aKO e 3Me11.ua.
Ha qoseKa npHJIHlfa a Mttoro Hema: .H.IJ.e,rr11.e, >KeHH ce, pa>KAa, na
H yMHpa.
HapOAHaTa BHpa npe,u.cTaBJIHBa 3MeH KaTO MHOfO fOJIHMO qy,ll.o--
BHI.I.J.e - 3MHH, II0KpHTa C JIIOCnH KaT0 Ha pH6a; HMa . KpHJie, qenip.11
KpaKa KaT0 y rym,epa. (Ba6a BHAa, c. CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a Mopcpa.,_ c.
JJ.~peKhOH, 6a6a JloHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. lllHm<a, 6a6a Kepa tl<e-
Jiff3K0Ba, c. BaneaH.)
300 ,aHMHToP MAPHHOB

BHpBaHeTo TBl>PAH, qe CM0K, KaT0 npeMHHe 40-ro.n.m1rna B'b3paeT,

noJiyt1asa KpHJie H KpaKa H cTaBa 3Meii. (Ba6a JJ.ecna, c. J(epeMaxJie,
6a6a °'aHa OeHKOBHUa,c . IIIHnKa, 6a6a MoMa CTecpaHoBa, c . Tom,<>BUH.)
HHKo,l(e ce MHCJIH, qe 3Me.SIT e orpOMHa 3MH.Sl C KpHJJe, HO Ha qe-
JI0T0 CH HMa eAHO oKo; HMa H onalllKa, lllHp0Ka TpH np1>cTa. (C6HY,
XII , 127, JlepHHcKo H BHTOJicKo.) ·
KoraTo JieTH H3 06Jiau.1ne,'. sMeHT pa3KJiama B'b3Ayxa MH0ro CHJI-
Ho H li3IIYI.Ua OT ce6e CH CHJIHH HCKpH, C KOHTO M0.>Ke H )J.8 3anaJIH BCH-
'IJKO, IlOKpafl K0eTO MHHe, a oco6eHO ceHO, IlJI.SIBa, CH0ne H AP· OITaMo
HOCH Ha3BaHHe 02HflH sMeuxo HJIH caMo 02HRH . (Ba6a CToeHHU.a, c.
BaJiaami.11.) ·
3MeHOBeTe H.U8T H ITH.HT; Te H.UaT XJIH6 MH0ro 6HJI, 38lll.OTO OT6H-
_paT OT HHBHTe H8H-tIHCTHTe 3'bpIJa H OT THX rrpaBHT XJIH6. OH.HT BHH0,
HO TOJIKOBa f'bCT0 H xy6aao, III.OTO ro HOCHT y Kopna, 3aIII.9TO OT6HpaT
OT BCHql(HTe JI03H HaH-3peJIHTe H Hafl-qepHHTe H Hau-xy6aBH 3opHa.
(Ba6a B11.na, c . CTaKhOBLI.H, 6eJiorpaAqHlllKO, 6a6a tloHa, c . PaKOBH-
tia, KyJicKo, 6a6a BeJia BoJillaHKoBa, c. l(He.>Ka,OpHXOBCKo.)
3MeHT )KHBee JIHTH0 apeMe B nJiaHHHCKHTe )J.'bJI60KJ1 rremepH
HJIH Bl>B BHCOKHTe rpaMa,lJ.H , OT,UeTO CJIH33 no HHBHTe, JI03.HTa H IlOJie-
TaTa, Ta o6HKaJIH C'bHOp1ne. HapO.UHOTO BHpBaHe ro rrpe)J.CTaBJIHBa
KaTO Il83HTeJI Ha HHBHTe; TaMO, ,l(eTO HMa 3MeH - rpa)J. He 6'He, 381.UOTO
3MeHT, III.OM BHJJ.H, qe ce sa)J.a)J.e qepeH o6JiaK c rpaJJ., ae)J.Hara H3JIH3a
rope H ce 611e c xaJiaTa, KOHTO npe.nao)K.na o6JiaKa, H OTKapaa rpa)J.ylll-
xaTa Ha .11.pyra cTpaHa . (6a6a TieHa HBaHoBa, c. CeMHClle, XacKOBCKO,
6a6a Mopcpa, c. ,UepeKhOH, Ko3'bJiaraqKo. Cpa. C6HY, X, 10, CepcKo.)
3MeHOBeTe, MaKap qe HM3T 3MeHLI.H, HO MHOro o6HlJaT )I.a 38JIH-
6BaT 1-:1 .na OTKpa,!'BaT MOMH 11 HeBeCTH, o6HKHOBeHO HaH-KpaCHBHTe.
Como H 3MeH.LI.HTe H3HeBepHBaT Ha M'b)KeTe CH, Ta 38JIH6BaT M0MUH,
HaH-KpaCHBHTe, caMO qe Te He rH 3HMaT C'bC ce6e CH, KaKTO TOBa npa-
B.HT 3MefmBeTe, a caMHtIKH H,UaT npH MOMLI.HTe.
3aJrn6eHaTa OT 3Meii MOMa Il03HaBa ce no TYH, qe II0tIHyBa .n.a 6.SI-
r a OT BCeKH MOM'bK; Ha xopo, Ha qeruMa HJIH ce,l(HHKa, T . e. Ha BCHK8K-
BO Co6paHHe, .neTo HMa xopo, CBHpKH, MOMH H MOMLI.H, He XO)J.H. OcaeH
T0Ba TaKaBa MOMa HaqHH.Sl )I.a ce He aqecaa, ,!(a ce He ·IIJieTe H KHTKH H
BeHLI.H Ha r JiaBaTa CH He CMee .n.a ry)K.l(a. BcHtIKO TOBa BoplllH no 3.a no-
Be)l Ha 3MeH. Tow )J.OXa)K,l(a npH HeH HOIJ.J,HO BpeMe H KoraTo e npH He.SI,
1'0H e MOM'bK KpaCHB H TH ro BH.>KAa , a 3a ,n.pyrHTe ,ll.OM8lllHH TOH e
HeBHAHM . .[{oMalllHHTe, aKO aeqe 3HaHT, qe MOMaTa e 3aJIH6eHa OT
3MeH, H H CJieAHT, Il03HaBaT, KOraTO 3MeHT e AOlll'bJI, caMo no TOBa,
qe qyHT KaK ce TH pa3rOBapH C Hero.
Kora:r(l) w.e JJ.OH.ll,e Aa H 3eMe, TOH H 06a.>1<;n.a, Ta Aa 60,n.e roroaa.
11 )lOXa>K.ll,a C'bC 3Mefrnae CBaTOBe H 3MeHUH - CBaXH; 3MeiioseTe· ca Ha
6eJIH XaTOBe, a 3MeH.UHTe B 3Jl3THH KO'lUU (KaJIHCKH); 38 6yJIKaTa HMa
oco6Ha 3JiaTHa KoqHH (KaJISICKa). KoraTo AOHAe TaH 3Meiioaa ,,Te.>K'Ka
CBaroa", HHKOH He MO.>Ke Aa SI BHJ{H, a BH.>KAa SI caMO MOMaTa. TH e eeqe
B ABOpa, npeMeHeHa, OMHTa, BITJieTeHa H HaKHTeHa, CTOH H' qeKa; Ha
A0MaWHHTe, K0HT0 .ff O0HKOJIHJIH H 33IlHTBaT, TH HHW.0 He roaopH. Ka-
HAPO JJ.HA B!IPA 301
TO ce 3aAa~aT 3MeHOBeTe H 3MeHU.11Te, M0MaTa CTaBa HeMHpHa, o6pom a.
ce K'bM MaHKa CH, aKo O'b,D.e TaMo, IIJIH CHaXI•iT e CH H HM Ka3Ba » npo•na
~
-
"
BaHTe, c6oroM 1 H B T0Ba BpeMe 1rnqe3aa npe.n. 0tIHTe HM-Ka To SJ BAH-
raT, sMeftoBeTe npaBHT seqe H HeH HeBHAHMa. (Ba6a BH.n.a 11 6a6aTo.n.o•·
pa. c . CTaKh0BUH, 6a6a EJIKa, c. l.lynpeH e, BeJiorpa.n.q1uuKo, 6a6a
iJloHa, c. PaK0BHU.a, KyJicKo , 6a6a TieTKOBHU.a, c. OcHKOBO, BpaqaH -
cKo, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHU.H, TopHOB CKo.)
KaTo H 3aBe.n.e B new.epa Ta, 3MeHT H aeqe HMa 3a :>KeHa II TH oT He-
ro pa)KJJ.a MOMqeTa H MOMHqeTa, K0HT0 ca naK 3MeifqeTa. TaKaBa rpa6-
HaTa M0Ma nocJie roAHHa HJIH noseqe M0:>Ke .n.a Cil0XOAH Jl0MalllHHTe CH,
a HHK0H JJ.0HaCSIT H .n.euaTa CH.
AKO saJI116eHaTa :>KeHa e seqe :>KeHeHa, aMesIT H He rpa6aa ; TH CH
ocTaH B K'blll.H, caMo qe pa:>K)Jja OT Hero .n.eua H THH .n.eua ca sMeif-q oae-
UH, 10Hau11, c KpHJie. (Ba6a Bop6a f11Heaa H 6a6a .Uecna, c. PeceH,.
TopHOBCKO, 6a6a ,UoHa, c. IIIunKa , 6a6a Pa.n.a ToHhOBa, c. TopHOB<>
npH CeilMeH, 6a6a ,ll.ecna, c . .UepeMaXJie u .n.p. Cps. aapuaHTHTe:.
C6HY, III, -197-1 98, TipHJie ncKo; VI, 21, TbpHOBCKO, 3a KaJIHHKa;
XII, 6, fa6pos o, sa Pa.n.Ka, K0HTO 6HJia samffHa Ta OT sMeii, noHe}K e
MailKa H, KoraTo 6uJia OI.Ue J].eTe, cJiaraJi a H, J].eTo e CT'bpra.na XJIH6a,..
H M0TaHJia HaJJ. HeH; XIV, 9, KonpHBI.UHUa, sa Kepaua , saJI116etta OT
3Meii; ,,TpyJJ.", ro.n.. I, 744, sa Pa.n.11Ha JJ.ynKa B KoTeJI; )I(. cTap.,.
I, 176.)
KoraTO HHKOH 3Meuua 3aJIH0H MOM'bK , TOBa TH npaBH CKpHlll0 M OT
M'bR<a CH - 3Me.H, 3alll.OTO MO:>Ke .n.a H y6ue H HeH, H MOM'bK a. TH ro He'
rpa6sa, a JJ.OXO}K)].a HOI.UHO BpeMe npH Hero II JI.Hra a IlOCTeJIKaTa MY. Or
·
TOBa C'bB0Ky nJieHHe Ha 3MeMua Ta C MOMUH TH pa.>K)].a: aK0 e MOMlle,.
cTasano qoseK-3 Meii, aKo JIH -e M0MHtie - 3Me1u1.a. THH J{eua o6aqe TH
paRC,ll.a T3HHO HHK'b]le B HHKOH 0TCTpaH eHa nem.epa H rH K'bpMH CKpH-
T0M OT M'b>Ka CH. TioaeqeTO o6aqe 3MeHUH ca rJie,l{aJIH ,l{a He 33tJHyBaT
Aeua. (Ba6a To){opa , c . CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a )lecrra, c . PeceH, 6a6a MoMa,.
c. To,ll.bOBUH, EneHCKO, 6a6a <l>una, c. BeJIHUa, XacKoB cKo. C6HY,
X, 22, .N'2 7, EneHa. )
Tosa san1-16aaae u C'b:>KHTeJICTBO 6uJio OT cTpaHa Ha sMeu: HJIH
3MeHua HapO,ll.HOTO BHpBaHe npe){CTaBJI.HBa BCHKOra HaCHJia, 6e3 B0-
JHITa Ha 33JIH6eHaTa MOMa, HeBeCTa HJIH MOM'bK; 33TOBa BCHK0ra ca
rJie,l\aJIH ,ll.a ce H36aBSIT OT THH CB0H JIH0OBHHUH qpe~ CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe.
HapO,ll.HOTO BHpBaHe nocoqa a H rrpHMepH.
AureJIHHKa 6HJia saJIH6e aa OT sMeu: H 0THeceua B n·em.epaTa MY.
T .SI ro MOJIHJia .u.a JI I103B0JI H ){a OTH,l{e rrpH ,l{OM3lll HHTe CH .u.a rH BH,l{H.
Tofl if Hanpas un onHHUH OT :>KeJIH30 H if Kasa.JI: KoraTo CKoCalll THsr
OilHHU.H, Torasa me Te saBe,l{a npH ,l{OM8lll HHTe. T SI ry.>KJ{aJia TH.SI OI1HH-
U.H B Of'bH.H H ome H3CBeTJ ieHH OT Of'bHH n0JIHBa Jia C B0,ll.a - H TaKa
ra CK'hcaJia. 3Me.HT Hafl-ceTHe ce cornacH JI. Tofl ce HanpaBHJI Ha ae-
Heu., ~ORTO AHreJIHHa TypHaJ ia Ha rJiaBaT a, H C JJ,eTeTo B JlfOJIKa ~a
I'bpQHHaTa Tp'brHaJI-a sa )lOMa CH. 113 Il'bTSI cpemHa.1a K0Jia C'bC CeHO•
H My Ka3aJia ){a rH sanaJIH , HO 3Me~IT H OTrOBO p.H JI: ,,He Mora, 3a[UOTO
8 cenoTo HMa 6HJIKH BCHKaKBH, a oco6uo 6HJIKHTe Hf.'IlfKa , KYMYHHKa:
302 /l.HMH T'bP MAPHHOB

H OB"lapcKaTa )KeJITa Tettnrna, K0HT0 ca JieK0BHTH, 3MeHCKH H OMaHHH.;

TlUI -6HJIKH ca nO-CHJIHH OT MeHe H .n.eT0 rH HMa - a3 He Mora .n.a ce
np1-16JIH:>Ka."
KaTo CTHrttaJIH y .n.oMa CH, Maf1Ka ii .H nocpemHaJia H HCKaJia .n.a
Ji 3eMe JllOJIKaTa, HO TH H peKJia: ,,OcTaBH JllOJIKaTa, HO 3eMH aeHeu.a _lf
H.l).H B JIHBa)J.aTa, Ta Ha6epH 3MeHCKHTe 6HJIKH KYMYHHKa, apaTHJ{a,
lffJIHK3 H TeHTHBa, CBapH rH H C THX Me 0K'bTT~ Ha KOJiaTa Ha pa3TO-
'IHHKa." MaiiKa ii cTopHJia ToBa II H noJIHJia. KoraTo ce BopHaJia Y .n.o-
Ma CH, BeHeU.'bT OT KyKaTa JIHTTCBaJI, a . •1HTTCBaJia H JllOJIKaTa C .n.eTeTO.
3MeHT l136HraJI Be)J.HO C )J.eTeTo CH, noHem.e Beqe npH AHrem-r na He M0-
)KaJI .n.a ce npH6JIH:>KH . (6a6a ,Uecna, c. ,UepeMaxJie; )K. cTap., I, 176.)
Pa.n.Ka C'bll.J.0 6HJia 3aJIH6eHa OT 3MeH If H OTHeJI B nemepaTa CH.
Ho KaTo caapHJia MaiiKa u Ha nycTo orHHme 6HJIKHTe apaTHKa, KYMYHH-
Ka (KyMilTa KYMYHHKa) H e.n.HOCTpoKaTa TeHT.SIBa H .sI nOJI.sIJI3 - 3MeHT
1i36HraJI. (Ba6a MapHH, c. ToJJ.bOBU.H, 6a6a f1-1u.a B1>Jiqeaa, c. JleTHHU.a,
JioaqaacKo. C6HY, XIV, 5, fa6poao.)
3MeHu.a fHHKa 3aJIH61wa CTOHHa H .n.oxom.)J.aJia npH Hero KaTO
MeqKa cTpoBHHU.a, Ta npon1>m..n.aJia oaqap1:1Te H nceTaTa H JI.siraJia Ha
JierJioTo MY KaTo MOMa. Tofl KpH.sIJI )J.1>Jiro apeMe ~ Ho Haii-nocJie Ka3aJI
Ha MaHK3 CH. TH ro HayqHJia )J.3 ff IlHTa KaK Mom.e KpaBaTa .n.a ce OT)J.e-
JUI OT 6HKa, KOHTO .si BO)J.H, a:
He aaaem..n.a.
TH ce ceTHJia aamo H m:1Ta, pa3c1>p.D.HJia ce H ro pa3K'bCaJia.
(C6HY, XVI-XVII, 50, KonpHBUJ.Hu.a.)
3MeHu.a aaJIH6HJia CTOHHa H He ce OT)J.eJI.siJia OT Hero. AKo e npH
OBU.HTe, TH e npH Hero; 3KO CJie3He B ceJIOTO, TH C Hero H MY HOCH
crOTBeHa BeqepH. KaTO OTH)J.e. B ceJio y )J.OMa CH, B ceJIO1O CBeTH, a B
JJ.Bopa Ha CTo.siHa or1>H 'r opH, CJI'bHU.e rpee. MaflKa MY no3HaJia, qe Tosa
e 3MeHu.a H -ro HaytrnJia .n.a H TTHTa: ,,HMaMe KpaBa, KOHTO ce BO.l).H C 6HK,
na HHTO ce 3aBom.,na, HHTO 6HK1>T .s1 0cTaBH ." 3Mem1.aTa ro Hayq11Jia .n.a
3eMaT KyMaTa KYMYHHKa, BpaTHKa, · e)J.HOCTpoKaTa TeHTHBa, ,na rH
csap.sn, B r1>pHe Ha 3anycT.s1Jio orHHUJ.e H .n.a noJie.sIT 6HKa II BeJJ.Hara
KpaBaTa me ro HanycHe. MaflKa MY CTOpHJia C'bll.J.0 H KaTO TT0JIHJI3
CTOHHa, 3MeHu.aTa Be.n.Hara ro HanycHaJia.( Ba6a Mopcpa, c ...UepeKbOH,
6a6a <l>»Jia, c. BeJIHU.a, XacKOBCKO, 6a6a MapHH, c. To.D.bOBU.H, EJieH-
CK0. C6HY, X, 22, EJieHa; XIII, l5. CTapo3aropcKo.)
CrroMeH'bT 33 3MeiioseTe H 3MeHU.HTe H 3a TeXHine 33JIH6BaHHH B
MOMH H MOMU.H ce II33H MHOrO )K.HBO B HalllHTe rreCHH, OT KOHTO MHOfO
ca CTaHaJIH o6pe)J.HH. TaKa xopoB0)J.HHTe BeJIHK)J.eHCKH, reprbOBCKH
H crraCOBCKH, KaKTO H eHbOBCKH He ca .n.pyn1 OCBeH 3MeHCKH neCHH,
T. e. TaKHBa, B KOHTO ce pa3Ka3B3T pa3JIHq"HH CJiyqKH KaK 3MeH rpa6H
H OTHaCH M0Ma HJIH KaK 3MeHu.a ~aJIH6Ba M0M'bK.

4. Jla.MR, xaAa
JlaMHTa HJIH xaJiaTa e T0:>Ke HeBH)J.HM0 CBpoxqo-
BelllK0 C'bUJ.eCTB(?, Koero J
}KHBee 8 )J.'bJI60KH nemepH HJIH )J.0JIHHfl CBHT'
.n.ero HMa 6e3cMeTHH 6oraTcTea OT 3JiaTo, cpeopo H .nparou.eHo KaMoHe.
HAPO/1.HA Bf[PA 303
(6a6a Mopcpa, c. nepeKbOH, 6a6a MapHH, C. narnaKbOH, 6a6a .Liotta,
c. K~p~6yttap, BypracKo. C6HY, IV, 112, c. JlexoBo H c. KbptioBo,
lleMHpxucapcKo.)
JlaMHTa HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe npe.n.cTaBJIHBa orpoMeH rymep C
KyqernKa rnaBa; lllHpOK~- ycTa; Ta MO.>Ke ·.n.a fJlbTHe U.HJI llOBeK HJIH
6HBOJI; OllH roJieMH; 11eTHpH KpaKa C OCTpH, .D.bJifH H HKH HOKTH . H
onarnKa MHOro .D.bJira, KOH!O ce 3aBHBa Ha Koneno. H~a KpHne roJieMH,
C noMomTa Ha KOHTO JieTH CHJIHO; THJIOTO H e noKpHTO C .>KeJITH JIJOCnH.
KoraTO XBbptIH, TH Cb3JJ.aBa CHJIHa BHxpyrnKa, KOH.TO H3KbpTB3 H3
KOpeH BeKOBHH JJ.bpBeTa, .rmra H OTHaCH KYIIH CbC ceHO, CHOIIe H noKpH-
!BH, a IlOHHKOra ;ZI.Hra H tioBeU,H. llepHHTe o6nau.H, KOHTO HOCHT nopOHHH
_pa3pyrnHTeJIHH H onycTOllllUeJIH H )l.b)l()l.OBe H rpa;1.yrnKa, crrope.n Ha-
pO.D.HOTO BHpBaHe He ca JJ.pyro, a xaJIH HJIH nbK xaJIH fH rrpeJJ.BO>KJJ.aT.
Hafl-roneMHTe aparoBe Ha JiaMHTe ca 3MefloBeTe, KOHTO rrocTo-
51HHO BOJJ.HT C THX 6op6a, 3a ,na 3arra3.HT HHBHTe H ceHT6HTe OT orrycTO-
IBHTeJIHH .ll.b.>K.ll.OBe HJIH rpaJJ.yrnKa.
JlaMHTa e MHOfO rOJIHMa H MO>Ke .n.a fJibTHe U.SIJI llOBeK HaBeJJ.Hb>K;
"TH 06HKHOBeHo fbJITa MOMH if .>KHBee B JJ.bHOTO Ha MOpeTO HJIH )lbJI60KHTe
e3epa .
.8 HSlKOH necHH JiaMHTa ce pHcyBa Karo rOJIHM3 3MHSI:

Jl10:ra 3MHH rpoernaaa, Cbc KpHJieTe ropa JIOMH;

'Tpoe.FJiaBa, llleCTQKPHJia, L{eKa Mime, Bee noBexHe,
.ll.eaHaikeT onamaTa. LleKa cnnH, Bee H3Cbxtte;·
3ae-.;iana, 3acpyqaJia: YcHJIH ce· y nJiaHHHa,
C1tc .JJ.yrnaTa no.poii HOCH, Y nJiaHHH8, y nemepa.

Ba6a B1>J1KaHa, c. JlHTaKOB0, OpxaHHHCK0, Cps. C6HY, II, 7, CocpHHCKO

B HHKOH necHH JiaMstTa · ce Hatiepraaa ome no-crpamtta:

Ho e 6HJia norna JiaMH,
Jlorna JiaMH c JJ.eBeT rnaBH.
~6HY, IV, 12; VIJ, 152, TTpHnencKo, B npuKa3KaTa 3a riaue H JiaMHTa

B .>KHTHeTo Ha cB. reopru ce Ka3Ba, ~e CB. reopru y6HJI TaKaaa

Jl3MH, Ta H363BHJI u.apcKaTa JJ.bmepH H OTKJIIOllHJI KJiaJJ.eHU,HTe, KOHTO TH
6una· 3aKJIJOtIHJia.TaKaaa JJ.ocym rro.no6Ha npHKJl3Ka HMa H B Hauune
npHK33KH 33 KeJierna KOHTO XO,AHJI Ha ,AOJIHHH CBSIT H TaMO y6HJI Jia-
Ms_IT~, Ta H36aBHJI u.apcKata JJ.bmepH,· Ha KOH.TO 6HJI' pe.n ..u.a H fJlbTHe.
(I-fa c~opHHKa MH npHK33KaTa 3a Kenerna, cnyrnaaa OT 6a6a BbJ1Kaiia,
c. JhnaKoao.) _ ·
XaJiaTa cnope.n Hapo.n.ttoTo BHpBaHe rra.na no -JJ.OJIHHHTe H no _HHBH-
Te 1<8TO fbCTa MbrJia, Ta OOHpa nno.noaeTe Ha ·KJ18COBeTe; 33TOBa HHKO-
. ra H8111HTe _JOH3U.H, KaTO CbrJre)J.BaiIH TaKaBa MbfJla, XO,lJ.HJIH"Ca, . Ta ca
ce 6opH{IH c_XaJiaTa H H yoHBclJIH-. (6'a6a Mopcpa, C. nepeKbOH, Kb3b-
JiaratJKO, 6a6a · CToeHHU.a, c. BanaaHU.H; TbpHOBCKo, 6a6a M1111a
304 tiHM _HT'bP MA PH.HOB

H-!1Hii11esa, c . _Ko3ap BeneHe, Ca1m.(OBCKO. TipHKa3Ka OT 6a6a M,il11a,.

)I.On'bJIHeHa OT .n.pyruTe.)
KoJIKOTO H .n.a ca roJieMH, CTparnHH H CHJIHH JiaMHTe, Bee Hanuue-
lOHaUH He ca ce nnarnHJIH OT THX, He ca 6HraJIH, a ca BJIH3aJIH B .n.ay6ofc
H ca rn ·no6e}l{.n.asaJIH ·-. y6naaJIH. ·
3aCIIJIHJ18 Ce CTp8llIHa J18MH, Tia, SI noriian .n.a SI rom--1.
Tpoernaaa, mecToKpHna, fOHHJI MH H M8JIKO MHOfO,
How. .n.aaHaikeT onamaTa, Jlaa )lHH, . TPH )lHH, )lBe He)leJIH.
3acHJIHJia ce y nnattHHa; HacTJffHaJI H B rrJiaHHHa,.
3HMe cen.H y nnaHH.Ha, 113B8)lH CH T'bHKa ca6nS1,
JleTe Il8)l8 T'bMH8 M'hl' Jia . TipennaTH SI tta TPH nnaTa,.
TioKpaii ·TpoHHoBo ceno. Ta ITOTeKJIH JlO TJ)H . peKH:
Jle}l{aJia e M8JIKO, MHOrO, E.n.Ha peKa }l{'bJITO npoco,
ManKo, MHOro, TPH roll.HRH. )l('bJITO npoco no opatIH;
J,farna.n.Hna BCH opa 1rn,
Jlpyra peKa 6SIJIO MJI_SIKO,
~CH opatIH, BCH KonatJH.
Hee 6HJia TbMHa Morna, BSIJIO MJIHKO no oaq~pH;
Hoe 6una cypa Jl8MH. T peTa peKa pyiiHo BHHO,
JloqyJI MH H BpaHKO lOH8K, PyiiHO BHHO no KOITBtJH.
l·fa c6opHHKa MH OT 6a(5a ,Il.ecna c. PeceH, TnpHOBCKO. Cps. sapHaHTII
C6HY, VIII, 12; IX, 6; XII, 4
BHpBaHeTo Hapo.n.i-lo HaMeKBa B npHK83KHTe, qe HMa H }l{eHcKa
JiaMH 1-:l qe TH HMa JI8MtJeTa, KOHTO .II.OH C MJIHKO. (CpB. npHK83KHTe B-
C6HY, IV, 123, Tien.r.epa; VII, 152, TipHnen.)

5. KapaKOHO.OICO
HapO,lI.HOTO BHpBaHe ro npe,n.cTaBJI.HBa KaTO .n.yx,
KOHTO 6opaBH caMO Be)lH'b>K npe3 rO)lHHaTa B e,n.HH nepHO,lJ. OT 12 IlHH -
oT.- 6'hJlHH aeqep, na .n.o Boium.n, T. e. npes uenuTe T'bH HapuqaHH Mp,,,c-
Hu HJIH flozaHu iJHu.
"KapaKOH)l}l{O ce npe.n.cTaBJIHBa OT HapO,lI.HOTO BSlpBaHe KaTO KOH C
qoaelIIK8 r JiaBa H KpHJie, KOHTO MO:>Ke .n.a XB'bp11H; TOH e ITOJIOBHH qoaeK
- OT rope JlO npe,lI.HHTe KpaKa,- a IlOJIOBHHa KOH - C 11eTHpH KpaKa,.
c Komna, onalIIKa KOHCKa H ·Kpnne. (Ba6a .LI,~cna, c. PeceH H 6a6a CTo-
eHHUa, c. BanaaHUH, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a AHKa .LI.11Moaa, c. ByTpOB,
PyceHcKo, _.D.HJJ.O KoHbO XpHCTOB, c. Tio,n.aec, KapHo6aTcKo .)
B c. ,llparnmu,e, Pa3JIO:>KKO, KapaKOH.lI.:>KOJia npe,n.cTaBJIHBaT
KaTO HellHCTH JJ.YXOBe MHOro; Te ca qoaeuH rOJIH,KOHTO XOJJ.SIT H M8MSIT
XOpaTa H fH XB'bpraT B ,lJ.'bJI60KHTe BHpOBe }IJIH OT BHCOKH CTeHH.
(Cps. ,,TpyJI.", ro)I.. II, 950, c. 51Kopy.n.a, .6a6a .LI,oHa.)
ll.J;oM ce cBoplIIH Bo)J.HSI seqep,T.e. Ill.OM ce npeKa,n.H Tpane3aTa,
KapaKOH)K)l.O )I.OXO)K)l.8 H Tp'brBa no YJIHUHTe; TOH 6opaBH o6aqe caMo
npes noTaiiHa )l.o6a; III.OM nponeS1T nopBH neTJIH, TOH ce H3ry6ea. Toil _
Hana)l.a Ha Oije3H qoseuH, KOHTO H3JIH3aT npe3 noTaHHa )J.06a HJIH Il'b- ,
HA POP.HA Bf[PA 305
TyBaT H rH B'b3CH)1.a JI.a ro HOCHT no IlOJleTo, JI.O)J.eTO nponeHT IlbpBH .
neTJIH. Kone.D,apuiue ·H re3H, KOHTO ·HMaT a na3Bara CH 11ecHOB JIYK
OT BnAHH ae11ep, KapaKOHJ:\:>KO He rH 3aKatJa. (Ba6a 11:otta, c. PaKOBHUa,
KyJicKo, 6a6a Jl.oHa HaaHoBa, c. Kapa6yHap, EypracKo, 6a6a ,llecrra,.
c. PeceH, TnpHOBCKO. CpB. )K. cTap., I, 40.)
3a .D,a He 6nA3T Hana.n.aHH OT KapaKOHJ.{>KOJIH, 3HM3T ow.e )KHBH
B'bfJleHH OT 6nJI.H.HKa, IlOTOIIB~T fH B'bB ao.u.a, npeKa)I.eHa Ha D'b.U.HH
aeqep, H nHHT; rasi BOAa n'b.U.H KapaKOHJl)KOJIHre: (Ea6a CraMeHa MHH-
KOBa, c. )KepaBHHO, K10creH.IJ.HJ1CKo. Cpa. C6HY, VI, 90, U.apH6po.IJ.-
cKo; XII, 126. DHTOJICKo.) ·
B MOHTe H3CJle.D,BaHH.SI 33 cpew.Hax MHOfO KOHKpeTHH cJiytJaH,.
KOHTP MH ce IlOCOlJHXa 3a CeJI.HHH, .H3}leHH OT KapaKOH}J..>KOJla . ·
B c. Crapo ceno, TyrpaKaHcKo, cpew.Hax KapaKoHa{JfCo, KoroTo
npaB.SIT npe3 MpnCHHTe JI.HH. 113KYCTBeHO HanpaBeH 1IOBeK Karo fOJIHM
KOH XO.llH no K'bIIJ.HTe, npH.n.py.>KeH OT HHKOJIKO AYIIIH CBHp)I..>KHH,
Hrpae H npaBH cMexypHH. To.SI 06H11aii ce npaaen, 3a .na 6sira KapaKOH-
JJ.>KO OT CeJIOTO H ,n.a He CMee p.a H3J1.H HHKOfO. TipHJIO.>KeHaTa pHC.
,Ng 148 npe.n.cTaBJI.HBa KapaKOHJI..>KO.
11Ma ow.e HHl_{OJIKO .!J.YXOBe, KOHTO ca Il03H3TJ,i He H3BC.HK'b)I.e B
e.IJ.Haxaa <pOpMa. TH.a .n.yxoae ca:

6. Ceu6uR, cmonaHuH.
Tyii C'bIIJ.eCTBO ce npe}J.CT3BJUIB3 pa3JIH'IHO OT Ha-
pOJlHOTO BHpBaHe. H.HK'b)J.e CTOII3HHH'bT e CMOK (3MHH)," a HHK'b}le JJ.yx.
f naaHara poJIH 06a11e e .n.a na3H orpe}J.eHoro MY HMyw.ecrao:
Jl03H, HHBH, ropH, JIHB3}lH, IIJ13HH~a, K'bIIJ.a, ceno H TeM no,no6HH
He)J.BH.>KHMH HMOTH.
HHK'b)J.e cronaHHH'hT Ha K'hw.ara He e Apyr JJ.YX, a AYX'hT Ha or.na-
BHa, MHOfO OTJI.aBHa IIOlJHHaJI npa)le)I. OT BJiaKaTa HJIH CeMeHCTBOTO,
HO KOHTO e 6HJI rrpo11yr Ha BpeMeTO en lJOBeK: BOHBO.lla, BJIHHTeJieH ce-
Jl.HHHH, rrpo11yr caew.eHHK, ana,11.HKa, Kanyrep, caereu. H np . Tosr
no11:eHaJI rrpo11yr rrpa.neJI. ce HBJIHBa Ha .n.0Ma1IIHH1;e H rH rrpeAynpe.>1<,llaaa
33 BCH11KO 3JIO, KOero HMa .rr.a CTaHe. ToH CTaBa e}J.HH BH)J. 6naro}J.eTeJt.
Ha U..ffJIOTO ceMeHCTBO, 3~KpHJI.H rH OT 3JIO H HaII'bTCTByBa K'bM .n.oopo.
B Heroaa 11ecr HMa ycrpoeH o6pe.n c 06H11a1L (C6HY, XIV, 185-188,.
HeapoKorrcKo.)
AKO CTOII3HHH'bT Ha HMOTa e CMOK, TOH CMOK He 6HBa .na ce 6He,
3aw.oro roJIHMO Hew.acrHe w.e 6'b}J.e nocne,11.aano roroaa, KOHTO 'ce
OIIHTa .rr.a ro y6He: T8K'hB HJIH ocaKaT.HBa C pbKa, C.KpaK, HJIH na,n.aJI
B 02paMa (napaJIH38U.HH), HJIH ce rro6'bpKB3JI C yMa, HJIH YMHpaJI.
(Ea6a JI.ecna, c. ,llepeMaxne, 6a6a KanH, c. K'h3'hKJIHce, K'h31>J1araq,Ko,.
6a6a Pa.II.a ToHboaa, c. TbpHoao rrpH CeAMeH, 6a6a TieHa PHcroaa,
c. Cry6en, KyrnoacKo, H .!J.p.)
. CMOK'bT na3eJI C'bHOpHTe OT BCHKO 3JIO, OT onycTOIIIeHHe, OT rpa-
.U.YIIIKa, rra H OT KpaAUH, AKo H.HKOH ,noii,ne ,na o6epe HJIH OTKpa.zrne
IlJIO)J.OBe, ceHO, )J.bpBeTa, rp03,lJ.e H np. - CMOK'bT ce 1rnnpetrna, A0-
20
 306 JI H . M H T 1, P M A P H H O B

CTHrBa ro H ce yaHaa oKoJio Hero. Ta MY cqyrraa K0CTHTe. (Ba6a B'bJI-

KaHa, c. JI1iraK0B0. Cpa . .C6HY, XII, 127, BHTOJICKO.)
AKo e JJ.YX, TOH ce HBJIHBa.1 a pa3JIHqHH o6pa3H: KaTo cTapeu,
KaTo 6HBOJI (B Jlexoao, ,UeMHpXH:CapcKo), K8T0 qoeeK Ha KOH (K'bptIOBO,
.lleMHpXHCapCKO), Karo rrp'btI H rrp.
8 K0HT0 K'bll.{8 HJIH B KOeTO ceJIO HHMa CT0II8HHH - TaM B'bpJiy-
BaT 6onecnr. (6a6a PaJJ.a, . c. T'bpttoeo rrpH Ceii:MeH, 6a6a Mopq>a
.llHMHTpoaa, ~- )lepeKbOH, K'h3'bJiaraqKo.) ·
B 3a11a,l.J.Ha 6'bJirapHH CTonaHHH'bT Ha K'bll(aTa e CBeTeu, B 11ecT
Ha KOroTO e ycTpoeHa cJiy)K6a; C'bll(0 H Ha C'bH0pa CTonaHHH'LT e naK
caereu, a qecT Ha KoroTo ca ycTpoeHH o6pouHTe; a TaKa H Ha cenaTa,
B qecT Ha KoroTo ca ycTpoeHH c6oposeTe. (3a cT011aHHTe cps. oll{e
· C6HY, IV, 110, ,UeMHpxHcapcKo, a ·M'bpBaU.HTe; IX,. 130, Benec;
XII, 127, BHTOJICKO.)
C'bIIJ.HHT CTOII8HHH HHK'b}J.e B BHTOJICKO e IIO3HaT om.e no.it HMeTO
cmuxuR. (C6HY, XII, 127.) O6aqe TOH JJ.YX e JJ.pyr.

7. Cmuxufl
CTHXHH HJIH CTHXHH ca )KeHI1 C MHOfO ,l.J.'bJifH KOCH,
pa3rrJieTeHH. Te )KI-1Bes1T a HaH-JJ.'bJI6oKHTe BHpoae Ha peKHTe. KoraTo
ce K'bIIHT qoaer.une, aKO nona,l.J.He HHKOH B TOBa MHCTO, }J.eTo )KHBeHT
CTHXHH, Te ro XBall(aT H yJJ.aBHT. ·AKO IlOHCKa Aa H36.Hra, Te XB'bpraT
CJie,l.J. Hero }J.'bJlfHTe CH KOCH, CilJIHTaT ro C THX,yJiaB.SIT H rraK ro YJJ.8BHT.
(C6HY, IX, I 3 I, BeJiec.) TH.SI JJ.yxoae He cpem.Hax HHK'b,l.J.e. Ilo peKHTe
H }J.'bJI60KHTe BHpOBe, KaKT0 ce l{a3a no-rope, )KHBeSIT )KeHCKH JJ.yxo-
Be, HO TOBa ca caMO,l.J.HBH.

8. CflJlKa
C.SIHKaTa crropeJJ. HapOJJ.HOTO B.SlpBaHe e Hepa3.LJ.eJI-
Ha qacT OT llOBeKa H HeroaaTa JJ.Ylll8. 3a C.SIHKaTa rue f0BOl)HM IIO-:-
}J.OJiy. B HHKOH o6aqe MecTa CHHKaTa CtIHTaT 38 oco6eeo HeBH,l.J.HM0
C'bm.ecTBO, KOeTO MOraT"}J.a BH)K,l.J.81' caMO 8-&nepapume (TH.SI, KOHTO roH.srr
sarrHPHTe). C.SIHKaTa )kHaee a K'bLUHTe H B KO.SITO K'bJ:Aa HMa c·.HHKa,
T8M0 ,l.J.OM81.llHHTe Il0CTOHHH0 6oJie}J.yBaT. To.SI JJ.YX OTHBaJI oco6Ho
TaMo, JJ.eT0 HMano TPY.LJ.Ha )KeHa, 3a JJ.a H M'bqH: JJ.a 6oJieJJ.yaa H )la pa>KJJ.a
npeJK}J.eapeMeHH0. B OxpHJJ. com.H.HT JJ.YX ce HMeHyaa cenu~. (C6HY,
XIII, 139.) IloJJ.o6eH JJ.YX Ha JJ.pyro M.HcTo He cperuHax.

9. Exo, eKom, exmaea

ExoTo He e JJ.YX, HO OTKJIHK Ha TaK'bB Het.IHCT '/1..YX,
KOHTO JKHBee B nem.epHTe, CKaJIHTe, KJIHcypHTe H JJ.pyrH nycTH H
ycaMOTeHH MecTa. 3aToBa MHOro JI0l.llO e ll0BeK }J.a 0TKJIHKBa, K0f8T0
qye exo, 3aIIJ.0To ' HeqHcTHHT JJ.YX ro H3IIHBa. '(Ba6a MapHH, c. na-
waKbOH, 6a6a Pa,l.J.a, c. TopHoao, 6a6a .llecna, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.)
HApo· .anA Bf[PA 307
4ETBbPTA rp~·nA
Hesn,IT.HMH CbI.J.I.eCTBa, KOHTO ca rrpOH3Jie3JI H OT
'll0BeKa. THH .nyxose IlbpB061'ITHO ca 6HJIH qoaeuH, HO 0TIT0CJie, KaTO
ca yMpeJIH, cTattaJIH ca Jiown .u.yxoae.
TyK H)laT CJleJJ.HHTe .u.yxose:.

1. Be~ul{a
I
Bew.HUaTa e Jiow 'JJ.YX, B'b_ITJI0TeH B Jioma .>KeHa,
IC0SIT0 }KHBee, HO qpe3 CH~aTa Ha TOSI lJ.YX TH T0.>Ke e e)J.HH BH'JJ. 'JJ.yx..
)KeHa-sew.1u.1.a XB'hpqH, npeo6pa3HBa ce Hc:1 rbcKa, Kyqe, BbJIK H np.;
'TSI He ce C'b6Hpa c HHK0fO., }KHBee Kpaii peKH B nycmu Mecma H TaM0
-ce 3aHHMasa c Manui, 3a .na rrpasH naK0CTH Ha xopaTa.
. E.u.Ha }KeHa CTaBa BeJ.II.HUa qpe3 CHJiaTa Ha JI0lll .u.yx HJIH JJ.SlB0Jia.
Bew.Hua CTasa C3MO JIOlIIa .>KeHa: Kypsa, CBO)J.HHUa H pO'/1.eHa C
HHlIIaH HJIH Il'bK M'bpTB0po.neHa, a rrocJie qpe3 Ha.nysaHe C'b.>KHBeHa.
3a )J.a cTaHe e.nHa .>KeHa sew.Hua, TpH6Ba P.a 6-&P.e ompoaena,
e
T. e. )J.a He pa>KP.a aeqe, .na rrpexaopJIHJia 50-Te r.; cTaJ3a H no-MJiaP.a,
aKo e 6e3.neTKa. (Ba6a IleHa PHcToea, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a EnKa, c. lJyrrpe-
He, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHu~, TopHoBcKo.)
3a .u.a CTaHe sew.Hua,. TpH6Ba .na H3B'bplIIH CJie)J.H0T0:
Ha aeJIHKH tJeTB'bpT'bK 3HMa Il'bpBOTO SIHUe, KOeTo e CHeceH0 OT
qepHa KOKOlIIKa, H TO aKO e CHeceH0 MHOfO paHO, npem1 CJI'bHUe. Toea
.SIHUe w.e HOCH no.n MHlIIHHU3Ta CH, JJ.O)J.eTo ce H3JJyrrn. IlHJieHU,eTO TpSI-
. osa .u.a 60.rr.e cow.o KaTo Maihrn CH qepHo; aKo e 6HJio, CHB0, qepaeHo -
He q·aaa. Tosa nHJieHue aaKoJisa Ha nycTo orHHW.e, KaTo ce c'b6JietJe
roJia-roJieHHl{Ka, H C TaSI Kp'bB w.e HaMa.>Ke BCHqKHTe CTaBH Ha CHaraTa
-CH, T. e. BCHtJKHTe MeCTa, )J.eTo CHaraTa Ha tJOBeKa ce npeBHBa: Ha Kpa-
KaTa, Ha KOJieHeTe, Ha K'bJIKHTe, Ha poUeTe, Ha np'bCTHTe, JiaK'bT.SI,
paMOT0, lIIHSITa H np. nocJie ce o6JIHtJa B HOBa HHK0ra He06JJt'!qaHa HJIH
HOBOCKpoe Ha H YWHTa pH3a; H TaKa C Kp'bBTa npeCTOSIBa -tO '/1.HH; no-
cn:e naK .B noTaHHa )J.06a 0THBa np_H HSIKOSl BO,!J.eHHUa onattHUL{a HJIH
1le80,K,B KOHTO BHTJIOTO ce o6pow.a HaonaKH - HaJI.srno; TaSI BO,!J.eHHUa
e o6HKHOBeHo c e.u.Ho BHTJIO. H TyKa no)J. BO)J.eHHUaTa, no)J. caMoTo BHTJI0
ce 0K'hnBa H H3MHBa. nocne, naK roJia-·roJieHHtJKa, OTHBa .Ha Kepena
HJJH npH SI3a Ha C'bW.aTa BO)J.eHHUa H ce Il0JIHBa C npHr0TBeHH CaMOBHJI•
CKH 6HJIKH, caapeHH s HOBO ~pHe H Ha nycTo 0fHHW.e H Ha 0I"bH
oT 6M 6oiJuA. TyK TH ce aeqe npe.naaa Ha .ll.HBOJia H KaTo ce no.11ee c
THSl caMOBHJICKH 6HJIKH, '/1.SIB0JI'bT CTasa 33 HeSI BH)J.HM. TSI ce pa3ro-
sapS1 c Hero, nonyqasa noyKa H KaTo ce qyHT nopBH neTJIH, TH ce
a pow.a y 'JJ.0Ma CH, HO seqe He o6HKHOBeHa .>KeHa, a ee~ut{a.
TaH }KeHa-sew.Hua cera coc CHJlaTa Ha .ll..SIB0Jia· Mo.>Ke P.a cTasa C'b-
mecTBO CBp'bxqoaeK : MO.>Ke .na IlO3HaBa BCHqKo, w.o HMa '/1.3 CTaBa 3a-
Hanpe,u.; MO.>Ke ,u.a Il03HaBa KOH KaKB0 e npaBHJI, KaKBO HMa ,n.a MY CTaHe
'JJ.OPH H KaKB0 MHCJIH. Mo.>Ke ,n.a JieKyaa BCHqKH 0OJiecTH; C'bC CHJiaTa Ha
MarHHTe TH M0)Ke .n.a HaBe)K,ZJ.a Ha 'IOBeKa pa3HH OOJieCTH, npeMe>KJJ.HK
308 P.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

H HanaCTH, AOPH H JI.a ro YMOpH, a MO>Ke H npOTHBHOTO: JI.a npOil'b.ZJ.Ba

pa3HH 6oJieCTH OT qoaeKa, .D.a OTCTpamIBa npeMe~HH H HanaCTH H .D.a
,U.Hra OT JierJIO Haii-onacHO 3a6oJieJIH.R: . .Mo.me C'bC CHJiaTa Ha CBOHTe
MarHH .D.a OT,U.eJIH M'b>K OT .>KeHa HJIH OTJJ.eJieHH naK ,I\8 rH C'b6epe; MO>Ke
.D.a HanpaBH, IUOTO no e,u.Ha MOMa MOMUHTe .D.a ny.ne.R:T, a H npOTHSHOTO:
HHKOH .u.a .R He norne.nsa, sceKH .na 6.R:ra OT HeH. Mo.me .u.a npeo6pa3.HBa
MOM'bK Ha eJieH, a MOMa Ha KOWyTa H o6paTHOTO: .u.a IlOBp'bIUa naK
s Il'bpSH.H qenoseqecKH o6pa3 npenpaBeHHTe TaKHSa.C'bC CHJiaTa Ha
MarHHTe TH MO.me: .D.a csaJI.H Meceua, .D.a JJ.OKapsa A'b.>KA, na JJ.OpH H
HaBO,U.HeHHe HJIH .D.2 npasu cyma. Mo.me JI.a o6Hpa MJI.R:KOT{) OT CTa,lJ.OTO,.
>KHTOTO OT HHBHTe. C e.nna AYMa; MO>Ke .na S'bpWH scHqKo, w.o IlOHCKa.
(Ba6a .lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJiosa, c.IIIHnKa, 6a6a Mop<J>a, c. ,llepeK&oii,.
6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoso, 6a6a EJIKa, c. qynpeHe H JJ.p.)
TaKHSa sew.HUH cnope.zr. HapOAHOTO S.HpBaHe ce IlO3H8'B3JIH IlO
Tosa, qe YCTHHTe H CHaraTa HM ca IlOKpHTH C qepHO-MOApH neTHa,
Ha nyJiose. (Ba6a Mopq>a, c. .llepeK&ofr, 6a6a Pyca, c. KlfIIHJIOBO~
Cps. C6HY, XII, 127, BHTOJICKO.)
Bew.HU.a'Nl aettep JI.HraJia H 3acnHsaJia; IUOM 3acm-1, .nywaTa 11
H3JIH3aJia, a TpynoT ii ocTaHJI xato Mopns, caMo qe CJia6o AHWaJI.
JlywaTa s o6pa3a Ha >K'bJITo-ttepHa nenepyJJ.a, HapetieHa To.me semHu.a,
JleTH U.HJia HOIU H KOrOTO cpemHe HJIH JJ.06JIH>KH, H3IlHBa ro. Oco6HO
HaJIHTaJia Ha .neua 6o3aHHHlleTa H Ha xopa, KOHTO JI.RTHO apeMe CilHT
B'bHKa Ha .nsopa HJIH no.n KOWOSeTe.
TaKa XB'bpllH, .no,neTo npone.RT nopBH neTJIH. III.oM npone.RT ne-
TJIHTe, .nywaTa H ce sp'bIIJ.3 B T.HJIOTO . H ro O>KHBJI.RBa.
AKo o6aqe s Tosa apeMe H.RKOH o6opHe Tpyrra ii, .nywata, KaTo ce
B'bpHe, He MO>Ke ,Aa ro IlO3Hae H He SJIH3a H TPYil'bT OCTa.R: 33BHHarH
Mopns, a ,nywaTa ce CKHTa KaTo ue11HcT ,nyK B o6pa3a Ha >K'bJIT0-11ep-
Ha HJIH T'bMHOllepseHa nenepyJJ.a H OCTa.R BeIUHU.a. ETo 3alllO lJOBeUHTe
6HraT OT TH.R: nerrepy,nH H rH y6HBaT, K8TO B.RpBaT, qe Te ca BeIUHUH.
KoraTo XBopqH s o6pasa Ha nenepy,na, aew.Hu.aTa ce J3H.>K,na KaTo oroH .
HJIH nJiaM'hK H oTTaMo ce no3Haaa, qe Hee nenepy.na, a sew.Hua. (Ba6a
BHAa, c. CTaK&OBUH, 6a6a CtoeHHU.a, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Llecna, c •
.l{epeMaxJie, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJI.R3KOBa, c. BaJisaH. Cps. C6HY, XII,.
)27, BHTOJICKO.)
Bc.HKa sew.Hua o6a~e He cTaaa Ha nenepy,u.a. Bew.miaTa ow.e MO>Ke
,u.a CTaBa HeS:H.ZJ.HMa H ce npetaap.R: Ha pa3HH >KHBOTHH: r'bCKa, Kyq·e , B'bJIK
H np. "TaKa BHAHW, qe H,ne .>KeHa Hacpew.a TH, HO TyTaKCH He BHAHW HH-
IUO, a noCJie MaJIKO XB'bpllH r'bCKa OKOJIO Te6e HJIH Kylie ce H3npaBH Ha.
Il'bTH H Te nae, HJIJJ B'bJIK H KJIOU.Ka C'b~ 3'b6HTe CH cpemy Te6e" - Ka3B3T'
6a6a BHJJ.a, c. CtaK&OBUH H 6a6a IleHa PHcToaa, c. CTy6en.
Bew.HUHTe ome ·ce Ka3sat H caMoiJueu H caMoeuAu. (C6HY ,.
IX, 126; CO<pHHCKO.)
IloKOHHHK'hT AepoMoHax HocH<J> 6pa,u.aTH, Karo roeopH e csoHTe
nJiaMeHHH nponoeeAH 33 JKeHHTe, H306JIHqaea OHIHI, KOHTO XO,U.HT no
CaMOBHJIH H 6pOAHHUH, (B>K. CT3THHTa MH ,,0epOMOH8X HocHq> 6pa,Aa-
TH", npHHOC K'hM HCTOPH.ffTa JJia 6'bnrapcKara JIHTepaTypa, C6HY,
HAPOl!HA BJIPA 309
XVIII, oco6HHH 0Tne11an,K, nponoaeit .N228, cTp. 29.) Tc>aa e ·c no-
MHHHJI no Taff npH'lHHa, noHe,?Ke H HapOJt'bT e HapH'laJI Bell{HUHTe 'H
Mar&OCHHUHTe ow.e H caMOBHJIH.
a c. KyMapHua HMaJio TaKaBa caMOBHJia }KeHa. TH XO){HJia HOIII.eM
no peKHTe H BHpoee-re H T3MO ce cpew.ana C'bC caMO)tHBHTe, KOHTO H ){3-
BaJIH cee.zteHHH, KaTo KOH 6onecT C K8K'bB UHp ce JieKyea, KOH OT K3K-
BO CTpa,u.ae H np.
H B c. Cyxop.oJI HMaJio C'bIII.O TaKaea }KeHa - caMOBHJia, no ~Me
Xy6aaena,· HO TH CaMO JieKyBaJia, a HHKaKBH 'naKOCTH Hee npaBHJia Ha
xopaTa. (C6HY, IX, 126.)
0r MOHTe JIHllHH H3CJie,u.eaHHH a3 ce cpew.HaX C THH KOHKpeTHH'
cny'laH. Bew.HUH ca 6HJIH: To,u.opa H MHuKa e c. KpHBa 6apa, CToiiHa
e c. Koaaquua, l(oHKa e c. KoMOIIJ,HUa, TieHa a c. To.iIOBHU.a, Jly.na
B c. BoJiqe,u.p'bM, KaMeHa e c. BacHJIOBUH - BCHtIKH JloMCKO, H .np.
B AP yrH OKOJIHH. (B:>K. )I(. cTap., I, 49.)
Bem.HU.HTe ce HapHllaT o~e MOZb0CH.UlfU, 6poiJHUlfU, 6UAR.pKu:
MaiiKa TH eem,HuaTa,
MaMa TH MarhOCHHU.aTa,
MaMa TH 6pOJ.(HHU.aTa,
MaMa TH 6HJIHpKaTa,
llI.o 3Hae MHoro MarH1:1;
llI.o 3Hae 6HJie BCHKaKBO,
Ta OMaH Mna.n.o H cTapo-
ce nee a neceHTa, .n.eTo MOM'bK'bT ynpeKaa n1060BHKU.aTa CH, qe ro
OMarbocana, oMaHna, 6HJibocana, Ta ny,nee no HeH.
B p O .n H H u. H ca, KOHTO 6pO)J.HT HOIIJ,HO BpeMe no BHpoae H
nycTH BO,!J.eHHU.H H ce ,npy:>KaT C .ZUIBOJIH H caMOBHJIH.
Mar b OCH HUH ca, KOHTO npaBHT MarHH.
Ma M H H u H ca, KOHTO MaMHT MJIHKOTO OT CTa)J.OTO H :>KHTOTO OT
HHBHTe.
B H n H p K. H, KOHTO C'bC CHJiaTa Ha 6H~KHTe npaBHT MarHH.
A BCHtIKH ca sew.HUH.
BeIIJ,HUHTe ce pHcyaaT B HapOAHHTe npHKa3KH, qe o6HTaBaT B ny-
CTH MecTa, Kpaii peKH H -qe HMM' o6m.eHHe C .IJ.SIBOJIHTe H caMOJtHBHTe.
Te HMaT IlHJieHua, KOHTO He ca o6HKHOBeHH IlHJieHua, a 3MHHtieTa.
Te MoraT .na npaBHT· BCHl{KO. (B:>K. npHKa3KaTa B )I(. cTap., I, 46-49.)

2. Ba.Mnup
OT llOBeKa HJIH HHK(?H o6eKTH (oco6eHo 3aKonaHo
'HMaHe) MO.>KaJI ,II.a cTaHe ,nyx HellHCT' HO queTo C'bIII.eCTByBaHe He e
7paHHO, a apeMeHHO. THH HetIHCTH JlYXOBe CTaBaT no pa3JIHtieH Ha'lHH
H HOCHT pa3JIHllHH HMetta: 8a.Mnupwt, nA?>tneHUK, B?>nep, Aenup, Banup
H apaKOC.
THSI pa3JIHtIHH HMeHa HOCH ,nyrnaTa Ha tlOBeKa B pa3JIH''IHHTe Me-
-CTa H 6'bJirapCKH Kpam.u.a. IlJI'bTeHHK B 3ana,nH~ BoJirapHH; BaMnHp B'bB
310 JiHM H T1'P MA PHH ·OB

_
Bo)l.eH, B1-1TOJHI H CaMoKoBcKo; Bonep B .lleMHpxncapcKo; JienHp B.
TopHOBCKo; aam-1p B IlpHJiencKo; -ApaKoc B X~cKOBCKO.
IlJI1>TeHHK, onA?Jmen, e JlymaTa Ha 11oaeKa cJie.z:t HeroBaTa CM'bpT.
Cnope)l. Hapo)l.HaTa BHpa JlYIIJHTe HJIH ceHKHTe ce onJI'hTBaT nocJie CM'hPT·
Ta Ha TaKHBa m-1ua, K0HTO ca 6HJIH H3e)l.HHUH H rpa6HTeJIH Hap0,!lHH;
xaiiJlYUH H naJIHtJH, KOHT0 ca xo)l.HJJH no JlPYMHUJ.aTa, Ta o6HpaJIH H
y6HBaJIH TioTHHUH, J,IJIH ca naJIHJIH K'blIJ.H, ·cHone, ceH0 H np.; H306~o
Hape11eHH naAU'tU. )KeHH, KOH.TO ca 6HJIH KypBH, npe)l.aTeJIKH H HTaUH
Ha xaii)l.YUH H nam-1trn; Kp'btJMapHUH, H;OHTO ca 6HJIH _B C'blIJ.0 apeMe Kyp-
BH H ca ,1l.py>KaJIH C TYPUH H K0HTO ca ,!laBaJIH eKCHK; )KeHH, K0HTO ca
6HJIH BeUJ.HlI.H, 6po.n;HHUH, Marb0CHHUH, 6HJIHpKH, .MaMHH-UH, Ta c
MarHH ca npH11HHHB3JIH 3JIHHH Ha CBeTa.
. Tm1 BCH1JKH 6e3 ,npyro CTciBaT HetJHCTH .lI.YX0Be BaMIIHpH HJIH
IIJI'bTHHUH, 3am.o..To .lI.ylllaTa HM He M~>Ke ,!la ce H3KatJH rope Ha He6eTo,.
a OCTaH HHKOe apeMe TYK Ha 3eMHT8 .n.a ce M'blJH H -'FSI C'bC CHJJaTa Ha
.n;HB0Jia cTaHe aaMnHpHH. · (Ba6a EJIKa, c. llynpeHe, 6a6a BH,na H 6a6a
To,l1.opa, c. C-raKbOBUH, EeJiorpa.n.11HIIIKO, 6a6a 11oHa, c. P-aKOBHI:ta,
KyJicKo, 6a6a IleHa, c. Cry6eJI, KyTJIOBcKo, 6a6a Map1u1 CHa-KoHo-
Ba, c. MaJiopaT, 6a6a PafIKa, c. KHe>Ka, 6a6a CroeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH,.
TopHOBCKO, 6a6a .llecna, c • .llepeMaxJie, Ko3'bJiaraqKo, H Jlp.)
IlJI'bTeHHUH, K0HT0 CTaBaT ycJI0BH0:
Te3H, K0HT0 na)l.HaT y6HTH OT KypmyM, K0HT0 .6'b)1.3T o6eceHH,
y.naaeHH HJIH noceqeHH~ (Ba6a CroeHHII.a, c. BaJIBaHUH H' 6a6a .llecrra,.
c . .llepeMaxJie.)
Te3H, K0HTO Il0CHraT CaMH Ha :>KHBOTa _CH, Ta ce y6HBaT. (Ba6a
CroeHHII.a, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a BeJIHKa, c. PycoKacrpo.)
TesH, K0HTO ca yMpeJIH MHoro crapH. (Ba6a BH)l.a, c. CraKbOBUH,
6a6a Cyca, C; O6e.rrn, Coq>HHCKo,)
TesH, KOHTO, KOraro yMpar, He ca Kp'bCTeHH HJiH iie ca IlOM333HH
c MacJio (3eHTHH) H BHHO H ca norpe6aHH HerrpeKa)I.eHH. (Ba6a Pyca
CJiaaoaa, c. KHrrHJIOBo.) ·
TesH, KOHTO M'bprim He ca OK'hnaHH, a 3apoBeHH HeOK'bnam-1.
(Ba6a .lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. IlIHrrKa.) .
Te3H, KOHTO M'bpTBH He ca na3eHH, Ta fH npeCKOqHJIO Hemo:
K0TKa, KOKOlllKa, HJIH ca .n.asaJIH >KeHHTe e)l.Ha Ha ,!lpyra Hem.a ..rrpes~
M'bpTBHH rpyn. _(Ea6a IleHa PHcroaa, c. Cry6eJI.) .
. OnJI'bTBaHeTO Ha emrn qoaeK BHpBaHeTo Hap0.D.HO ClJHTa 3a f0JI.SIM<>
sa.nrpo6HO M'btJeHHe Ha yMpeJIH.H, HO B C'blll.O BpeMe TO C'bC'l'aBJI.51B3 H
f0JISIM0 6esqecn1e 33 ceMeHCTBOTO . .llymaTa Ha yMpeJIHSI ce M'bqH,
HO M'bKa H CKp'b6 qyBCTByBaT H >KHBHTe.
ETo 33IIJ.O, KOraTO yMpe qoaeK, rr~pBaTa rpH>Ka Ha JJ.OMaIIIHHTe
e ,na ro OK'bI1SIT H IIOMa>KaT C'bC 3eHTHH H BHHO H )l.a ro ,npeKa~HT,. .a
TaKa C'blll.0 H )l.a ro na3HT .n.a ro He npecK0llH Hem.o.
CTap JIH e MHoro H H3nycHaT JIH JI.a ro n'pecKQllH· Hem.o - 3a
)la ce He 0IIJl'bTH, JieKyBaT ro. JleKyBaHeTo ce C'bCTOH B . TOBa.
npoMyUJBaT K0peMa MY (Ha_ TI'bTI'bKa) C )l.'bJl'br roJiHM Ha>Ke>KeH
rao3,llei1, 11ape11ea naJZa.Mapeij. Toaa _ce . B'bplllH, xoraro .w.e ro rypaT B·
HA POP.HA B!IPA 311
rpo6a. (Cpem.Hax TaKHBa cueHH B ceJiaTa 5IpJIOBHU3, JlOMCKO, 1886 r.
H B O6e.nH, CoqmHCKO, 1893 r.) Onepau1rnTa HJIH JJeKyBaHeT0 no TOH
HaqHH ce Ka3BaT cnonu, ,,TypHT MY cnoHH" (C6HY, XII, 266, CaMo-
KOBCKo .)
C'hmo TYPHT B noHca MY 3anaJI11TeJIHH BemecTBa: 6apyT, KH6pHT,
K'hJI'IHW.a H .n.p., a ynnue MY 3anynrnaT c naMyK.
B neMHpXHCapCKO 3a61rnaT B KOpeMa MY fOJIHMa HrJia, a OTrope
TypHT ip'bHe oT Kamrna H naK Bern., KOHT0 JiecHo ropH. (C6HY, V,
110, c. JiexoBo H c. Kbplloao.) HHK'b)J.e ocaeH Toaa peJKaT Ha yMpemu1
neTHTe. (Ba6a TieHa, c. Cry6eJI, KyTJIOBcKo.)
B~MnHp'bT HJIH OTTJl'bTemuIT e CHHKa, a Ta.H CHHKa cnope,!l 6a6a
CToeHHUa B c. BaJIBattuwe HeroBara .!l.yrua. Toif XOAH Home H notte)Ke e
CHHKa, BJIH3a npe3 BCHKa AYTTllHUa H nyKH3THHa; caMO He CMee )la
BJle3He npe3 KYMHHH, MaKap lie e MH·oro ruHpOK, H npe3 BpaTaTa,
aKo HMa Ha THX oKalleHH HHW.eJIKH.(Ea6a CToeHHUa.) Toii XOAH, Ta
rrpaBH naKOCTH, 3aW.OTO., Karo rperueH H H3JI.YT OT AHBOJia, TOH e 3'bJI
H OTM'bCTHTeJieH. Toif llYTTH H XB'bpJIH nOK'hW.HHaTa: rp'bHUH' naHHUH
H JI.pyro; TOH H3JIHBa KOTJIHTe C BOJJ.aTa B'hpxy Of'bHH H ro .racH; .TOH
6He xopaTa C TOHra; TOH HaTHCKa 3acnaJIHTe H fH JI.YillH - a TeJKH
MHOro Te)KKO. (Ba6a CraHa, c. KpHBOJI.OJI, JloMcKo.)
.lleHe ~eJI.H B r'po6a, a HOW.HO BpeMe lf3JIH3a H 6opaBH: ,l:{0 Il'hpBH
rreTJIH; nocJie n'hpBH neTJIH TOH ce ry6H -npH6Hpa ce B rpo6a. TaKa
Tpae .n.o 40 .l{HH; aKo He 60.11.e y61n, TOH ce YB'hJillBa~ T. e. ycHJIBa ce H
Belle X011.H He caMO How.e, HO H JI.eHe H Belle ce He npH6Hpa B rpo6a.
ETo 33W.O ,no 40 )J.HH JieCHO MOJKe .11.a ce y6He, 33W.0TO ce H3MHpa )J.eHe
B rpo6a, a nocJie 40 )J.HH MHOro M'hllHO, 33W.OTO TPYAHO ce HaMHpa K'b)J.e
e. (Ba6a MapHH, c. KpHBO.IlOJI, BpallaHcKo.)
Y6HB3T ro caMO 21102oee (21102) -llOBeUH, po.n.eHH B C'b60Ta, KOHTO
ro BHJK)J.aT. Tim rJioroae HJIH ea1tmup(ff)~uu ca llOBeUH ocBeH co6o-
THHUH ow.e H TaKHBa,KOHTO ca 33llH3TH OT caMHTe nJI'bTeHHUH HJIH BaM-
IIHpH. CaMO THH BaMnHpaJI.:>KHH Morar JI.a BH>K)J.aT H y6HBaT BaMnHpliTe.
AKO no pa3HH npHllHHH IlJl'bTeHHK'bT )J.O>Klrnee ;'l.0 rnecT Meceua,
TOH ce yKOCmea - KaKTO Ka3BaT B CaMOKOBCKO, HJIH yeaMnupea -
KaKTO K33BaT B 3ana)J.Ha BoJirapHH, T. e. noJiyllaBa IlJl'bT H CTaBa qeJio-
BeK, C'blll., K3K'bBT0 e 6HJJ- H npe,!l.H CM'bpTTa CH. Cal\tO cera TOH BaMnHp HMa
Meco H KO)Ka,a HHMa KOCTU H H0KTH; KOCTHTeMycaxp'bIIJ.eJI. TOH B3M-
IIHp JKHBee KaTo lloBeK, ca~rn lie npe6HrBa HaJI.aJielle, .n.ero ro He
3H3HT H He II03HaBaT, H TaMO ce 33HHMaBa C T'bpr0BHH HJIH 3aHaHT.
TOH ce .JKeHH KaT0 BCJilIKHTe xopa M HMa .n.eua; THH JJ.eua OT T3KHBa
BaMnHpH ca 0HHH BaMnHpaA>KHH HJIH r JIOf0Be, KOHT0 ca emrncTBeHH
cnoco6HH .n.a II03HaBaT IlJl'bTeHHUH H BaMnHpH, Aa rH BHJK)J,aT H y6HBaT.
TH.ff BaMnHpH IIHHT· Kp'hBTa Ha )J.06HT'bKa, na H Ha llOBeUHTe, 3a-
W:0T0 .11.pyra xpaHa He HAaT. ~03HaBaT ce no TOBa,·lle BCHKora ca q 11 nn _
6es HOC, H lie THJIOT0 HM e MeKo: KOraTO XO,!l.HT, TO ce APYCKa H JlIG.Tiee.
(nH,llO CTOHHO H )J.HJI.O XpHCTO, C. KaKpliHa, JlOBllaHCKO, JI.HAO feo-
prH H 6a6a TietpOBHUa, c. BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo, )J.HJJ.O KaJiqo c
fopHO TiaBJIHKeHH .H .n.p.) ' •
312 ,aHMH·T'I:,P MAPHHOB

BaMIUip'bT CTasa MHOro naKOCTeH, aKO npe1KHBee TpH rOA:HHH.

(11.H.[{o KaJI'Io, c. ropHo TiasJIHKeHH.)
B Hapo,na CO'IaT Ha MHOro6pOHHH KOHKpeTHH c;iyqaH.
B c. 11.ocnefl, CaMoKo'i3cKo, ce noMHH H pa3Ka3Ba TaK'hB c;iyqaii.
OT ceJioTo HMaJio qosetuI, oTmIIJIH a CTaM6oJI no pa6oTa. TaMo e.nuH
11oseK yMpHJI H ce yTIJI'hTHJI. KaTo npeMHHaJI apeMeTo, TOH ce YKOCTHn
H TporttaJI OT CTaMooJI , Ta CH ,nolll'hJI a ceJio. )I(eHa MY, KOSITP 6Hna yae-
,noMeHa 3a CM'bpTTa, KaTo ro BH.AHJia, no3Hana ro no noca H no .npyro,
tie Hee npe,nHllIHHHT 0: M'h:>K, a yeaMnHpeH1u1T. TH pa3Ka3aJia na cen.H-
HHTe 3a BCH'IKO H Te ce C'bopaJIH, XBaHaJIH ro H KaTO ce H Te yaepHnH,
qe e BaMnHp, 3aTBOpHJIH ro B e,nHa nJieBHSI HaKpaH ceJIOTO, 3anaJIHJIH
H H ro H3rOpHJIH. (JlHtIHO Co6paJI cae,neHHH B c. JlocneH, 1903 r.,
HHyapH 16. Cpa. C6HY, XII, 266.)
B c. Bapylll, TipHnencKo, HHKOH CH Tia11e yMpSIJI H ce yaaMnu-
pHn, a ro y6nn c nyllIKa HHKOH CH fbope Aq~oa. Ha cyTpHHTa rrpH
rpo6a Ha yMpMHH HaMepHJIH nHXTHH Kp'hB. (C6HY, VII, 148, TipH-
JierrcKo.)
B C. MecHMHO, Bo.neHCKO, npe.nH 50-60 r. HMaJIO MHOro .- BaM-
,llHpH. (C6HY, III, 147.)
B JlOMCKO TO:>Ke HMaJIO MHOfO BaMnHpH. ()I(. CTap., I, 43.)
B 3anHCKHTe Ha n'hTellleCTBeHHKa repnax, KOHTO noceTHJJ Typ .. ·
U.H H ,B 1573-78 r., 'leTeM CJie,llHHTe pe,noae KacaTe.TIHO C'bIIUl'Te BaM-
nHpH:
,,Ha 19 asrycT 1577 r. lloMHHHK, HallIHHT ,nparoMaHHH, pa3Ka-
3Ba, 11e B BonrapHH H .ropU.HH (TYK pa36Hpan PyMeJIHH, TpaKHH)
HHKOH yMpeJIH H 3aKonaHH xopa, KaTO OHJIH OT~'btteHH(?) OT U.opKB~Ta
HJIH .npyro51qe 6e360:>KHH, He fHHHJIH. Hm.u.eM BJIH33JI B THX ,llSIBOJI'hT,
III.OTO H3JIH3aJIH -H3 rpo6oseTe H IlJl3llIHJIH xopaTa, TIOHHKOra .nopH
rH 3apa3HBaT H OTpaBHT. 3apa.nn TOBa rH H3KOnaBaT H H3rapHT.
Toraaa BCeKH e,nHH OT TOBa MHCTO npHHaCH e,nHO HJIH ,nae napqeTa ,A'bpBa
Ha Of'hHH H nonoBeTe CTOHT npH Hero C K3,AHJIHHU.a H BHKaT: ,,rocrro,nH
nOMHJiyiil"
CoIJJ.OTO ce cnyqHJIO B 1.1,apHrpa,n Ha 21 MaH 1575 r. TypUHTe no
npoc6aTa Ha ropU.HTe H3rOpHJIH THJIOTO Ha e,nHH rpoK, KOHTO Hape.n ,nae
fO,llHHH OHJI ocTaHaJI B rpo6a U.HJI C KO:>KaTa CH. HHKOH npHK33B3JIH, qe
ca ro BlI,nenH OIJJ.e C'hII.J.aTa HOIII. cne,n CMoprra MY, a cnope.n .npyrH
TOH HOIJJ.e H3JIH3aJI H yMopTBHJI 15 11oaeu.H. (Gerlach, 94.ropK'hT, 375.
Pa3Ka3 na .lloMHHHK.)
ToH pa3K33 e MHOro u.eHeH 33 Hae, 3aIU.OTO TOH IlOCOtJBa KaK ca
rne,nanH HaiIIHTe .nem1 Ha C'bIJJ.HH Bonpoc OIU.e a XVI aeK ..
YMopTBHBaHeTO Ha B3MIIHpHTe H3BoplllBaT caMO rnoroaere HJIH
B3MIIHp,ll:>KHHTe.Ha'IHHHTe ca pa3JIHtJHH crrope.n YCMOTpeHHeTO na I'JIO-
ra. 11JIH ca aa,nHJIH Tpyrra H ca ro H3rapHJIH ny611H11Ho - cnytiaH.
KaKBHTO HH CO'IH .lloMH.HHK; HJIH pa3paBSIT rpo6a H npOMYllIBaT Tpyrra
C IllHill Ha:>Ke:>KeH, a IIOCJie ro 3aJIHBaT C BpHJIO BHHO' H: 3eHTHH - cny-
qat'r, KaK"bBTO MH TIOCOllHXa B c. KaMeHO none, Bpa11aHCKO; HJIH ro
y6HBaT c KYPllIYM - cnyllaH MHOro, KaKBHTO MeHe JIH'IHO C'bo6W.HXa
HAPOl!HA B}lPA 313
H K3K'hBTO e onHCaH B C6HY, IX, 130, BeJJec. ITpH TOSI cnyqaif ce
npeJJ.aBa, qe BaMnHp'bT MHoro 06HqaJI MY3HKaTa, 33TOBa BaMnHp.Z:UKHSl-
1'3 MY cBHpM H saMnHp'bT H3JIH3aJI JJ.a Hrpae. JloJJ.eTo TOH HrpaHJJ,
BaMnHpJJ.>KHSITa ro y6HBaJI c nymKa.
Y6HTHSIT saMnHp cTasa Ha qepHa c'bcHpeHa Kp1,s. (C6HY, XII,
126, fiHTOJICKO.)
3. H{l8U, H{l8JllfU .

MaJIKH .ne1rnua, KOHTO ca yMpeJIH HeKp'bCTeHH,

H OHHff, KOHT0 ca poJJ.eHH OT M0MH HJIH BJJ.OBH·UH, a nocJJe YM'bpTBeHH,
H 0HHff, KOHTO C 6H.1KH ca YM'bpTBeHH Oll(e B K0peMa Ha M3HKa CH H
<:a H36HTH - Te BCHtJKH He Morar .na 0THJJ.3T TyTaKCH Ha He6oTo;
..nyurnTe HM 33 HffK0e speMe ce CKHTaT TYK Ha 3eMSITa, M'bqar ce H
..llHPHT M3HKHTe CH - BUH0BHHUH Ha THXH0T0 CKHTaHe, ,na CH 0TM'bCTSIT.
8 TOBa CKHTaHe H T'bpceHe MaHKHTe CH, 33 .na CH OTM'bCTSIT, Te HaJJH-
TaT Ha BCHKa :>KeHa-p0JJ.HTeJIKa HJIH 0ll(e rpy.nHa, H HM npHllHHSIBaT
naKOCTH - ycrpeJIBaT rH H re H{l8JlCBam, T. e. na.nar s Heceecr H MHOro
n'hTH yMHpar.
TiopaJJ,H Toea Te ca .n.yxoee ttetJHCTH.
'F HH .nyxose ce Ka3sar H{l8U HJIH 1uu1JU{U. (Ba6a <l>11Jia, c. BeJIHUa,
XapMaHJIHHCKO, 6a6a Pa,lla ToHhosa, c. T'hpHoso ·npH Cei1MeH.)
THH He'IHCTH AYX0Be HM3T o6pa3 Ha IlHJIUH,' HO r0JIH 6e3 rrepy-
lIIHHa, roJJeMH KOJIKOTO e,nHO opJie H H3JIH3aT, Ta XB'bpllaT caMO HOU(HO
.BpeMe·- or zoAJUta ee'l.epa .ito nbpBH neTJUL (Ba6a <l>HJia.) Karo
XBbp'laT, Te IlHU(HT HJIH rresn H rpy,nHa :>KeHa HJIH CKopo p0JJ.HJia,
Karo qye THXH0T0 IlHU(eHe HJIH neette - HaBHCBa, T. e. rra)J.a B He-
-CBHCT H M'b'IH0 M0:>Ke ,na ce Il0B'bpHe B C'b3H3HHe. TpHHT SI, .l\'bprraT SI,
rra JJ.0pH H ropMHT Ha,lJ. HeH C rryn1Ka - 33 .rta SI CBeCTHT, 33ll(OT0, 3KO
ocratte e HecBHCT, MaKap H MaJIK0, TH YMHpa. (Ba6a cJ>uJia, c. BeJIHUa,
6a6a Pa,na, c. TbpHoso, 6a6a Bemrna, c. PycoKacrpo.)
Hae1ne ca onacHH MHoro, 3all(oTo re JieTSIT rrpe3 ,neeero ceJio,
npea IIOJiera, peKH H nJiaHHHH H OT,lJ.aJieqe rro.rtymaT ,neKa HMa TPY.rtHa
JKetta HJIH H3CKOpo po,nHJia. .
3a JJ.a 6b,ne 3ana3eHa e,nHa :>KeHa or THH JI0WH ,nyxose H oT TaSI
Harracr, BHpBaHeTO Hapo,nHO npenop'b'1B3 )J.a ce 3HMaT CJie)J.HHTe MepKH :
EHbOBCKHHT BeHeu, H3nJieTeH OT rpeBara eHbOBKa H .n.pyrH caMo-
BHJICKH 6HJIKH, ce na3H H KoTa AO ,npyraTa ro,nHHa. Koraro e)J.Ha )KeHa e
-rpy~Ha H aa6JIH:>Kaea .n.a po.AH, TH ce npoe11pa npe3 TOH BeHeu TpH n1>-
TH. HaBHTe, KaT0 ce npH6JIH)l(3T npH Taff :>KeHa, yceTHT CHJiaTa Ha
eHh0BKara H 6HraT or )KeHaTa . (Ba6a BeJIHKa, c. PycoKacrpo.)
AKO HHMa TaK'bB BeHeu., TOrasa .ZJ.OMalIIHHTe 3aTeapstT K'bIIJ.HHTe
Bp~ra H 0Ka'IBaT Ha eparaTa 'fIHU(eJIKHTe H Hern: 0TBapSIT HHKaK )J.0 D'bp-
BH netJIH ; HHTO Il'bK ny~KaT Tpy.n.aaTa :>Kett a .na H3Jlii3a HaB'bH DOCJie Be-
qepa, na .no n1>pBH neTJIH H no-K'bCH0. HaeHTe DHU(HT, JieT.sir OKOJIO
K'bll{ara, Ho Ha rpy.n.HaTa :>KeHa ae MoraT Aa cTopsi:T HHIIJ.O. (Ba6a Bo,n-
KaHa, C. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHikKo.)
314 /1,HMJ1T1,P MAPHHOB

AKo )Kena po.nH, rypHT npn rJiaaaTa H KarpaHHKa OT KOJiara H e.n-

Ha f.TlaBa KpOMHJJ., Ha6y11eHa Ha llIHllla HJIH Ha lllHJIO. Karo Mp'bKHe,
poiJyARma TpH6Ba cern3-TOrH3 .na noxanaa OT KpOMH.na H roaa npaBH,
.n.o.n.ero ce Kp'bCTH .nerero HJIH .no ABe tte.l{eJIH. (6a6a Bop6a firneBa,
c. PeceH, T'bpHOBCKo.)
HHK'bJJ.e n'hK, LU.OM po.nH )KeHara, Be11epHo BpeMe H Bp'b3BaT
KpaKaTa H TaKa C B'bp3aHH KpaKa npecnHBa Homra. Tyft: rrpaB.HT
naK, .no.n.eTo ce Kp'bCrH .nerero HJIH AOAeTO CKJIOilH JI.Be He,l{eJIH. Hatrn-
KpaKa, He H y.npHJIH , samoro CH
Te, aKo .ll.OHJ.].aT H H HaMepHT CB'bp38HH
KasaaJIH: ,,Toaa He e Harna MaitKa; aKo H seMeM, KaK me MO)Ke .n.a
B'bpBH c Hae, Karo H ca BopsaHH KpaKara. " (Ba6a PaAa, c. TopHOBO
npu CeitMeH. Cpa. C6HY, VI, 90, N2 30, UapH6po,u.cKo; IX, 131,
BeJiec; XII, 268, CaMOKOBCKo; XIII, 142-146, CaMOKOBCKO, 6HT9J1-
CK0, TipuJJencKo, BeJiern1rn. KttH)KHI.I.H sa npoqHT, CoJiyH; KH.
IIl, ·49.)
B 3anaAtta EoJirapHH rHH JI.yxoae ce KasaaT 1iaxycu, Aa(jJymu.
(CpB. )K. crap., I, 27.)

4. 3a3uiJaH
.,
HapO,DJIOrO BHpBaHe yrB'bp}K,l1.3Ba, qe BCHK3 crpa-
.na, KOHTO ce 3H,U.a OT KaM'bK C xopocaH, Karo MOCT, TeMeJI Ha BO,lleHHUB,
11ernMa, 6yHap, Uopirna, KyJia HJIH .npyro, HO caMo He Kima, ra.H crpa-
)I.a He MO>Ke .zi.a rpae .n.oJiro apeMe, oco6tto Mocr, ao,neHHUa, qeruMa
H KJrn.n.eHeu, ~ero ce HMa pa6ora c Bo,na: AHecKa ro rpa,zr.HT, HomecKa
ce c'b6apH, oco6Ho .aKo HMa OKHa (ceo.zr.oae) . (6a6a Pa.zr.a ToHbOBa,
c. TopHOBO .npH CeHMeH, 6a6a ,necna EHbOBa, c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO.)
3a )J,a Tpae ,U.'bJlfO BpeMe H .n.a MO)Ke )J,a ycTOH Ha BO)J.aTa, TpH6BaJIO
e .zr.a ce sa3u.zr.a s reMeJIH qoseK (M'b}K HJIH }KeHa).
3asH.ll,Battero ce H3Boprnsa no .IJ.Ba HatIHHa: HJIH ce 3asu.nsa C.HH-
xara Ha qoBeKa, HJIH c~ 333HABa caMHHT lIOBeK.
3 a 3 H Jl Ba He ·H a CH H Ka Ta CTaBa no TOH HallHH:
f JiaBHHHT Maiicrop npuraTBH np'bqKa OT Tp'bCTHKa H KOraro HHKOH
OT ceJIHHHre e .U.Olll'bJI }la rJie)la HJIH aKO HHMa HHK3K'bB CTpaHeH llOBeK,
Toraaa ce 3HMa HHKOH OT pa60THHUHTe-11Hpauu, 6es .n.a BH)J.H TOH, OTMep-
Ba MY CHHKaTa H TaH Tp'bCTHKa 3a3H,lJ.Ba 6'bp30 B TeMeJIH. BpeMeTO,
KOeTo e Haii-crO)J,HO Aa ce 333HAB3 , T. e. )lace Mepu CHHKaTa H 3a3H,l{Ba,
e nJia,nHe, e.l{HO 3amoro Toraaa BCHtJKHTe MaHCTOpH, KaJiqm H 11HpauH,
ITOllHBaT - IlJl3.ll.HYB3T, Ta He Morar )la BH,lJ.HT mo npaBH fJ13BHHHT
Maiicrop, a .npyro, qe T(1)f3Ba CHHKaTa Ha lIOBeKa e HaH-KpaTKa, Ta H
rrp'b11Kara e MaJIKa. (6a6a .necna EHbOBa, c. PeceH, T'bpHoecxo, AH.11.0
KoJihO )KHBKOB, c. MorJIHrn.)
CJie.ll. 3a3HJ.].BaHeTO Ha np'bqKaTa TeMeJI'bT CTaBa 3JJ.p3B H 3;:J.3HHeTO
rpaiiHo.
3a3HAaHHHT qoaeK (M'b)K HJIH }KeHa) HaqHHH .na JIHHee, Aa aexHe H.
C'bXHe H HHKaKBH uepose, ~HKaKBH 6HJIKH, na H HHK3KBH MarHH He MO•
raT·noMorHa Ha TaK'bB - TOH yMnpa 6es Apyro. Koraro yMpe, THJIOTO
HA POP.HA BflPA 315
MY ce norpe6srna, HO CHHKaTa MY, T. e. AymaTa MY, He MO.>Ke Aa O'J'.HAe
Ha He6oTO, a OCT3SI HSIKOe BpeMe Ha 3eMSITa Aa ce M'bqH: TaSI CSI.HKa ce
B'bpTH BCSIKOra OKOJIO TOBa 3JJ.aHHe, AeTo e 3a3HJJ.aHa, H H3JIH3a caMO
HOIUHO BpeMe B noTaHHa JJ.06a. TaSI CSIHKa H3JIH3a B o6pa3a Ha qoaeKa,
KOHTO e 333HJJ.3H: M'b.>K, .>KeHa HJIH MOMa, H aKO e MOMa HJIH .>KeHa, TH
nee. AKO HstKOH 'IOBeK MHHe B Toaa apeMe (noTaiiHa A06a) Ha6Jrn3o-
xpaii TYH 3JJ.aHHe, 3a3HJJ.aHaTa CSIHKa ce npenpaBH Ha pa3HH )KMBOTHH
H Hana.D.a ro, Ta ro y61-iaa, KaTo MHCJIH, 'le TOSI Il'bTHHK e MaHCTOpbT ~
KOHTO H 333HA3JI H KOHTO e npHl:IHHa 3a HeHHOTO Hemacn1e.
YJJ.apeHHHT 'IOBeK ce pa3Tpecaa, onrna CH y JJ.OMa H YMHpa.
(.llHJJ.O KoJibO, c: MorJIHIII, 6a6a )l(eJIH PaiiKoBa, c. B.pecoao, Aii-
TOCKo.)
)l(HBOTHOTO, Ha KOeTO ce npenpaBH CSIHKaTa, KOraro me HanaJJ.He
IIOBeKa, ce K33Ba maAGC'lJM,.
CpOK'bT, npe3 KOHTO CHHKaTa ce M'b'IH H CTOH Ha 3eMSITa, 33BHCH OT
CaMHSI 333HJJ.3H qoaeK. AKO e MOMa, tteaecTa, MOM'bK HJIH .n.pyrH, KOHTO
ca 6HJIH npaBe)J.HH - re H3JIH3aT .n.o ce,IJ.eM HJIH ,IJ.eBeT fO,IJ.HHH; aKO JIH ca
6HJIH rpelllHH - Te ce SIBHBaT H JJ.O TpH,IJ.ecer. (Ba6a Mopcpa, C. 11.epe-
KbOH, 6a6a 11.oHa,. c. lliHnKa. Cpa. ·C6HY, VII, 146, TTpwnen; XII,
126, BHTOJICKO. )
3 a 3 H JI. B a H e T O H a caMHH O B e K CTaBa no TO.H HaqHH.
q
Hapeqe ce, KOH JJ.OHAe yrpe HaH-paHo H np'hB ,ZJ.a cnoxoJJ.H Maiicro-
pMTe, TOfOBa me 3a3H)J.aMe.
MaiicropHT e 3H)J.aT, HO B ,KbOllJeTO OCTaBeHa e AYITKa He3a3H)J.aHa.
Karo AOHJJ.e HHKOH, TOH ce npHMaMaa AO JJ.ynKara H KaTo ce np11.6JIHMH,.
TJiaCBaT r.o B JIYITKaTa H OTrope MY XB'bpraT npHrOTBeHH K3M'bU.H. Toa
}'MHpa H OCTaBa C T.HJIOTO H KOCTHTe CH B TeMeJISI Ha 3,ZJ.aHHeTo .
ij HapOJJ.HHTe YMOTBOpem,r n TYH B.HpBaHe e MHOfO pa3npocTp a-
HeHo H B'b3IlSITO. TaKa:
B C6HY, I, 69, c. JloKopcKo, Coq>HHCKO, ce pa3Ka3Ba KaK Maii.-
crop MaHoJI sa3HJJ.aJI B reMeJISI Ha Mocra .>KeHa CH, 3amoro T'bH ce na;i.-
Ha.rio Ha XB'bpJieHOTO .>Kpe6He.
B C6HY, II, 72, N23, IlHpJJ.on, naK Maikrop MaHoJl 3a3HJJ.aJI
*eHa CH IlerKaHa, KOSITO JJ.OllJJia Haii-paHo ,ZJ.a MY AOHece o6eJJ.. TaKa.
ca 6HJIH yroaopHJIH H JJ.O,lleTo JJ.pyrHTe M3HCTOpH nopotiaJIH Ha )KeHHTe
CH .na He JJ.OHaCSIT p!J'I.OK MHOfO paHO, M~HCTOp MaHOJI 3a6paBHJI ,l.a
CTOpH C'bl.UOTO.
B C6HY, II, 75, 1:IenHHO, naK Mai'icTop Matton 3a3HJJ.Ba )KeHa CH
no C'hlllaTa npH'IHHa.
B C6HY, II, 78, c. Ap.u.~, Axop1:1eJie6HHCKO. TpHMa 6paTH rpa-
AHJIH 3JJ.3HHe; TpH6BaJIO )I.a TYPHT B TeMeJIH l!OBeK H peIIIHJIH: KOHTO
JJ.OHJJ.e Ha .npynrn JJ.eH Haii-paHo, Hero )I.a sa3HJJ.aT. 11.omJia )KettaTa Ha
CTOSIHa, KO.HTO fowa ttaH-speJ1Hara, ttaH-JJ.06paTa. KaTo H corJie)J.aJI
OTJJ.ane11e, CTOHH IIOpOHHJI C'bJI3H, HO HHMaJIO ce mo, TpH6BaJio e JI.a
H3IloJIHH o6eTa H 3a3HJJ.aJI H.
.316 l!HMHT1,P MAPHffOB

B C6HY, III, 81, N217, c. YcToao, Axnp11eJie6HHCKO. ITaK TpH-

Ma 6paTst rpa,ZI.HJIH MOCT. TyK 6ynKaTa e CTpyHa, KO.SITO .l(OllIJia Haii-
paHO. Mn>K'hT ii st H3MaMHJI .n.a CJie3He .nony B reMeJISI, aa .na MY H3B8J{H
BeHqaJIHHH npocTeH, H KOraTo TH CJie3HaJia, MaHCTOpHTe H8XB'hpra-
JIH OTrope H npHrOTBeHHTe K3M'bf..lH .
TyK HHM3Me cpew.a C npeMepBaHe Ha CSIHKa, a C HaCHJICTBeHo
.333H)IBaHe Ha caMOTO o6peqeHo JIHL(e, T. e. BTOpHSI H8'1HH Ha 333H.l(BaHe.

5. B-r,p,coAaK
1.JeJIOBeK xaif.n.yK, naJIHll H H3e.l(HHK, KOraTO 3ar11-
He no nJiaHHHHTe, ropHTe, rnyMaUHTe HJIH KpoCTOn'hTHW.3Ta II .npyMH-
maTa H ce cnJiye HJIH M'bplllaTa MY H3H,ZI.3T opJIHTe, rapBaHHTe, B'bJll..lH"."
--re H .n.pyrH .ZI.HBetI - CTaBaJI Ha B'hpKOJI3K, .n.yx HeqHCT, JIOlll, OTM'bCTH-
TeJieH, K'hK'bBTO e 6HJI H npH>KHBe. ,UyrnaTa Ha TaK'bB lIOBeK He MO>KaJia
.na OTH.ZI.e Ha He6eTo, a 9cTaaaJia TyKa Ha aeMstTa .l('hJifH ro,ZI.HHH .n.a ce
M'hllH H .n.a npaaH 3JIO Ha xopaTa . (6a6a CTaHa TiopBaHoaa H 6a6a AoHa,
-c. PaKOBHl..la, 6a6a BH.n.a, c. CTaKhOBl..lH, 6a6a IleHa, c. CTy6eJI.)
BopKOJ18K'bT ce 3aCeJIBaJI B nycTH BO)J.eHHl..lH, B nycTH xaHHW.8 no
Kp.'bCTOil'bTHl..lI,aTa, B nycTH KYJIH, naK B ropHTe - T. e. B TaKHBa
.3.l'aHnst, KOHTO ca .ZJ.3Jietie OT cena H rpa.n.oae ~ .ZI.pyrH HaceneHH MecTa
H )J.eTo qoaeK He npHCT'hnBa H He .>K11aee. (6a6a 811)].a· H 6a6a To.nopa,
c. CTaKhOBf..lH .)
BnpKOJ13K'hT, KOHTO ro Blf.ZI.HJI, K33Ba, qe HM3JI e,nHO OKO, rOJI.SIMO
KOJIKOTO e.nHo SIHl..le, H TOBa OKO e Ha qeJIOTO MY. (6a6a EJIKa, c.
'tlynpeHe. cpa . . )I(. cTap . , I, 38-39.)
To.H H3JIH33 HOW.HO apeMe B no-rafrna .no6a H 6opaBH .no Il'bpBH
neTJIH. Koro cpew.He HJIH KOHTO M1-rne 6mf3o npH MSICTOTO, .neTo e y6HT
HJIH )J.eTo >KHBee - B'hpKOJ13K'bT ro Hana.na, y.nyrnaa ro H MY H3TIHB3
Kp'bBTa. I1Ma MHOfO npHK33KH, B KOHTO ce p11cyaaT naKOCTHTe .Ha
B1>pKOJI3Ka; e.nHa TaKaBa e H3JIO}Ketta B )I(. CTap.' I, 39.
3a .na H3lle3He B'bpKOJl3K1>T OT e)J.HO MHCTO H .n.a He npaBH naKOC-
'TH, cnope.n 6a6a Caaa HaaHHl..la, c. 6S1Jia CJiaTHHa H .ZI.H.ZI.O TieTKO KyKoB-
-CKH, C. fop Ha KpeMeHa, TpH6Ba Ha TOBa . MHCTO, .l(eTo e na,nHaJI pa3-
00HHHK'l>T' ~aii,nyK1>T' naJIHq'l>T HJIH .npyr - .na ce CBeTH Bo,na, a H3H-
J(OOpOTO e )I.a ce TYPH Ha TOBa MHCTO Kp'bCT H .na ce HanpaBH o6poK.

6. ·YcmpeA
y CTpeJI'hT e .nyx naK Ha lIOBeK, KOHTO CTaBa ycTpe.11
·CJie)J. CM1>pTTa ci,. HapO,ZI.HOTO BHpBaHe 3Hae 33 TOH ,nyx CJie,ZI.HOTO.
AKO yMpe 1,neTe, 33llH3TO B C1>60Ta H po.n.eHo B C'b60Ta, a yM-
pSIJIO HeKp1>cTeHO, nocJie )J.eBeT .ZI.HH .n.yrnaTa MY CTaBaJia ycTpeJI, T. e •
.JIOlIJ .n.yx. To.H npo6HBa .nynKa Ha rpo6a CH H H3JIH3a Ha 6SIJI CBSIT.
ll,HJia HOW. XO.ZI.H no ropH H noJieTa H .ZJ.HPH .ZJ.06HThK .n.a nHe Kp'bB,
.aaw.oTo e >Ka.neH H nHe caMo Kpia . KaTo npones1T neTJIHTe, TOH ce
HAPOJJ.HA BJIPA 317
npH6apa s rpo6a. ToH nHe Kp'bBTa Ha OBUH, BOJioBe, KpaBH'"
KOHe, a MHOfO pH,!I.KO Hana)Ja _Ha 6HBOJIH H snperHaTH BOJIOBe.
,UeHe Jie}KH B rpo6a, a HOW.e H3JIH3a aa IlJIH'IKa. B C'b60TeH )J.eH .
TOH He H3JIH3a HHKa~, 3aW.OTO TOH )J.eH ry6eJI BCHKaKBa CHJia.
Karo HaSIKHe, TOH HatiHHH ,ll.a noTysa no-Ha.D,aJieqe oT rpo6a CH •.
HaMepH JIR HHK'b,lJ.e H3 ropaTa HJIR noJieTO CTa,lJ.O, TOH OCTaHe T8MO H nHe·
·Kp'bBTa _Ha CTa,lJ.OTO, ,lJ.O.D,eTo ro He ,lJ,OB'bpWH. Toii aeqe s rpo6a CH He ce-
Bpow.a, a Jie}KH HJIH Me)K,ll.y porOBeTe Ha HHKOH )J.06'bp IOHeu, HJIH Me}K.D,y
3a;J.HHTe KpaKa 6JIH30 ~o CHCHTe Ha HJIOBa Kpaaa.
lie e)J.HO ,lJ,OOHiie e H3IlHTO OT ycTpen, Il03HaBa ce no TOBa, qe Ha
3apaHTa ce HaMHpa MbpTBO H Ha rop6HHaTa e no,lJ.yTo H IlOCHHHJIO Meco-
HJIH Ha KopeMa - TOBa e MSICTOTO, ,ll.eTO ycTpeJI'bT e IlHeJI Kp'bBTa. ,llo-:
6H'le, KOeTO e H3IlHTO, YMHpa ·ow.e CbW.aTa HOW..
Haii-Hanpe,!I. HallHHSIJI ,lla nHe Kp1>BTa Ha HaH-.D.06pHTe .IJ.06HlleTa
H cne.D. KaTo rH .nosopwH, TOH Ha'IHHHJI no-cJia6HT€. KaTo .D.OB1>pun1
tl:.HJIOTO CTa,no (c1>BCeM cna6HTe OCTaBHJI), TOH ce npeMeCTBaJI a .D,pyro
CT8)J.O.
ToH CH MeHHBaJI Te1KHHaTa: IlOHHKOra e TOJIKOBa JieK, IUOTO H
e,ll.HH OBeH ro He yceru.a; ·a IlOHHKOra e )J.OTOJIKOBa Te>K'bK, JUOTO IlOA
Hero na,ll.a H IOHeu, na I{ CHJieH son.
KaTO ce H8CT'bpBH, TOH Hana.D,a H Ha qoseK, HO caMO KOfaTO CilH~
TOH ro Ha,ne6sa H ro Hana.D.a, KoraTo aacnu, Ta ro. H3nHBa. nue MY
Kp1>sTa -OT rywaTa.
YCTpeJibT, aKO npeMHHaT rnecT Meceua, MO)KeJI )J.8 ce YKOCTH H )J.a
CTaHe 'lOBeK, K3KTO H BaMnHpbT. B TOBa CH C'bCTOHHHe TOH ce 1KeHeJI
H OT Hero ce pa)KJlaJI eaMnHp.
YcTpeJI'bT MO)Ke .na ce BH)J.H H y6He caMO OT C'b60THHK.
YcTpen ce npOil'.f>,lI.B8JI caMO qpea·xcHB Of'bH. 3aTOBa, KOraTo 38B-
Jia.D,ee 6oJiecT H MOP no roBe,lI.aTa, CeJI.SIHHTe npaBHT 1KHB Or'bH H npe-
KapBaT npea Hero UeJIHH )J.06HT'bK H BHHCaT OT TOH Of'bH B'bB BCHKa
K'bII.J.8. Torasa ycTpeJI'bT, KaTO ce npH6JIH}KH npH CTa.D,OTO HJIH npH HH-
KOe )J.06Hqe H IlOMHpHIIIe :>KHBHH or1>H, 6Hra, 381UOTO 1KHBHHT Of'bH e
IlO-CHJieI-:i OT Hero. (6a6a Mopcpa, c . ,llepeKbOH.)

7. MaMHu"e
MaMHHlleTO e .llYX, C'b3,lI.8.D,eH OT llOBeKa nocpe-
)J.CTBOM Hiiue.
Ha BeJIHKH lieTB'bpT'bK HHUeTO, KOeTo e CHeJia KOKOWKaTa paHo,
npe)J.H ow.e .na e H3rpHJIO CJl'bHUeTO, 3HMa ce OT .}KeHa, KO.SITO HW.e )J.a
HMa MaMHH'le, HOCH ro nou. MIUIIHHUaTa CH Ha rono, ,lJ,O.D,eTo ce H3JIYilH.
Tyii IlHJie CTaBaJIO MaMHHqe. To ae.D,Hara XBp'bKBaJio, W.OM ce H3-
JIIOilH. Xo.D,H, .D,eKa XO)J.H, HO ace ce Bpow.a npH M8HKa CH, T. e . .}KeH2Ta
KOHTO ro H3JIIOITHJia. To ,noHaCH Ha MSHKa CH, KaKBOTO IlO}KeJiae: napH:
3JiaTo, np1>cTeHe, rpHBHH H .u.pyrH H8KHTH.
Ho MaMHHlleTO KOJIKO e-pOJie3HO Ha MaiiKa CH - }l{eHa, TOJIKOBa e
318 llHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Bpe.ZUiTeJIHO H rraKOCTHO 3a .n.pyru:Te. KaTO JieTH, MaMHHqeTO H3.ZJaB3JIO

MHoro IIY.ZJ.Ha Me.TIO.ZJ.HH, KOHTO OMaHBaJia tIOBeU.HTe H K3TO rH OM3JIOMO-
ll!aBaJia, Te rra.n.aT B HecBecT H YMHpaT. ETO 33[IJ.O BettepHO epeMe, -KaTo
qyHT rnaca MY, xopaTa CH 3arryIIIBaT yIIIHTe .n.a ro He cJiyIIIaT.
MHbro roJIHM rpHX e .n.a ce H3M'bTBa MaMHHqe. (Ba6a .Uecrra, c •
.llepeMaxne, 6a6a <l>HJia, c. Be.nHu.a, XacKoBcKo.)
no-rope BH.ZJ.HXMe, qe
OT TOBa IlHJie, npOH3Be,ll.eHO no C'b[IJ.IUI Ha-
ftlHH, >KeHa, KOHTO ro lf3M'bTHJia, C'bC CHJiaTa Ha Kp'bBTa MY CTaBaJia Be-
~Hu.a.
B Axopqe.ne6HHCKO TOH o6Hqaif - .n.a C'h3.ZJ.aBaT MaMH1111e, C'h·
ll(eCTByBaJI H .ZJ.HecKa H IlOM3U.HTe, KOfaTO qyeJIH r Jiaca MY, r'bpMeJIH
c rryIIIKa, 3a .n.a ro rrJiaIIIaT .n.a 6Hra. (C6HY, I, 77, .N'2 36.)

8. Ta11.ac'1JM

TOH CTaBa OT 3 a K O Il a H O H M a H e C KJieTBa.

Xaii.n.yu.H, KOHTO ca xaH.ZJ.yKyBaJIH .ZJ.'hJlfO apeMe H HarpaoHJIH MHOfO
napH, KaTO He MoraT .n.a fH HOCHT C'bC ceoe CH, 3aKonBaT fl{ H3 ropaTa
H rrJiaHHHaTa HSIK'bJI.e IIO.ZJ. HSIKoe· JI.'bpBO HJIH KpaH HHKOH K'hM'bK - Ha
JIHqHo MSICTO. AKO JIH ca orpa6HJIH MHOfO napH HSIK'b.ZJ.e H3 noJieTo:
o6paJIH uapcKaTa xa3Ha, o6paJIH HSIKOH Ce.TISIHHH HJIH Il'bTHHK, a na-
pHTe ca MHOfO H He MOraT .n.a fH BJiaqaT, Te fl{ 3aKonaaaT Kpaii HSIKOSI
qeIIIMa HJIH KJia.n.eHeu. HJIH KpaH HHKOH 6po.n. Ha peKa - rraK Ha JIHqHO
MHCTO.
11 KaTO He 3HaSIT .n.aJIH me ce B'hj>HaT >KHBH H 3.z:r.paBH .n.a ro H3KO·
naT H rrpH6epaT, xaH.U.YU.HTe, KaTO 3aKOIIBaT ,:yfl HMaHe (napH, 3J13TO,
-cpeopo, HaKHTH), 33KJieBaT ro HJIH 33pH11aT: ,,TyH HMaHe .u.a ce SIBHBa
Ha qoaeu.HTe KaTO Ky11e, KOTKa, Xp'bT, B'bJIK HJIH .u.pyro H KOHTO nomne
)la ro H3KOIIa, .u.a MY ce )la)le caMo aKO H3B'bp1IIH e.n.H-KaKBO CH" (TyKa
ce HapHqa: JI.a ce y6He tIOBeK, .u.a xanHe HellHCTOTHH HJIH .u.pyro), H CH
OTH)laT.AKO ce He B'bpHaT )10 JI.eBeT fO.ZJ.HHH, HMaHeTO ce CTOpH Ha Kape-
;qeHOTO >KHBOTHO H H3JIH3a HO[IJ.HO BpeMe. AKO HSIKOH MHHe HOIUe 11O-
Kpaif .TyH MHCTO, HMaHeTO H3JIH3aJIO B'bB BH.ZJ. Ha HapeqeHOTO JKHBOTHO
H Bp'bXJieTHBa Ha II'bTHHKa. AKO Il'bTHHK'bT e MaJIOJI.YWeH, TOH ce ynJiaW-
Ba, pa3Tperrepsa ce, aTpecaa ro H YMHpa. ,,TaJiaC'hM'hT ro JI.aBHJI HO·
mecKa" - KaaaaT 3a TaK'bB. ·
AKO JIH e c1,pu.aT H HeCTpaXJIHB, TOH ce 6opH .C >KHBOTHOTO H rJie-
.n.a .z:ta ro YJIOBH 3a YIIIHTe; IIJ.OM ro YJIOBH 3a yIIIu:Te, HMaHeTo MY ce no-
)laaa: B p'bU.eTe MY OCTaBaT YIIIHTe, HO He Ha >KHBOTHOTO, a Ha KIOila,
Ka3aHa HJIH KOTeJia HJIH .u.pyr C'b,ll. C HMaHeTo.(Baoa BH.u.a, c.CTaKhOBU.H,
JUI.ZJ.O )l(HBKO IleTKOB, c. t.IynpeHe, JI.H.ZJ.O MHJIO CTOHHOB, c. KaMelio
noJie, BpaqaHcKo. C6HY, VII, 146, IlpHJien.)
HMaT H 3MeAoaeTe HMaHe, caMO qe TSIXHOTO HMaHe e MHOfO orpoM-
HO; TOBa HMaHe ce H3MHpa B nemepHTe. Co[IJ.O H TSIXHOTO HMaHe H3JIH-
33JIO KaTO TaJiaC'bM.
HMa Ma.niJ31CUU (HMaHSlpH), KOHTO ce 3aHHMaBaT caMO C Toaa:
H.APOJlHA Bf[PA 319
,na J:UiPHT .n.eKa HMa 3aKonatto HMaHe. Tero no3ttaaar no roaa, qe Ha TYH
MSICTO HOW.HO BpeMe y IlOTafrna .n.o6a ropH.rl Of'bH . .[{a ll03H8SIT .neKa HMa
38K0naH0 HMaHe H KaK'bB Kyp6att TpH6Ba .l{a .na.l{ar -HM8HS1pHTe B0JlSIT
CbC ce6e CH Karo CbJ:I.PY}l{HIUI.H ll0BeUH, aem.H s ra,l{aTeJICTBOT0, Ha-
peqeHH epaxaAlf~ (epaxaAelf ), r. e. Koiiro no3ttasa Kn.zte HMa
HMaHe H K8KB0 TpH6Ba .na ce cropH, 3a .u.a ce H3KOIIa ryii HMaHe
{B}I{. )I(. crap., I, ~6, 37.)
HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe YllH, qe He BCHKO HMaHe ce no.n.asa aceKHMy:
HMa xopa, KOHTO, KaTo ca HaMepHJIH H H3KOIIaJIH e.ntto HMaHe, BCHqKH
yqacTeysamH B TOBa H3KOIIaBaHe ca HJIH YMHpaJIH, HJIH IlOJIYJI.SIBa-
JIH, HJIH K'bI.IJ.HTe· HM 3anycTHBaJIH. (LlHJI.O HHKOJia Baforn- Ilpe.n.HH,
c. OpcoH, JloMcKo, JI.HJI.0 Ploro MHKOUHH, c. KaMetto noJie, Bpat1aHcKo.)
B MOHTe H3CJie)J.BaHHSI MH ce nocoqHxa MlIOro npHMepH, .u.ero TaKH-
Ba JIHUa ca nocTpa.n.aJIH. Ba6a BH.n.a IleTpyttoBHUa, c. )l(epaBHHO,
K10creHJJ.HJICKO, MH nocot1H Ha T~K'bB npHMep. Ce.1urnHH ttaMepuJI ro-
JISIMO HMaHe H CTaHaJI 6orar: KYTIHJI OBUH, HanpaBHJI Kp'bqMa 11 CTaHaJI
nproseu, Ho Ha KpaH Ha r0JJ.HHara noJiy.zu1n H yMpSIJI. CHH MY, KOHTO
aaCJie;:uw Toaa HMaHe - H TOH nony.u.SIJI H ce 06ecnJ1. HMaJI caMo e.zr.Ha
)t'bll.J.epH H TSI 6HJia O}l{eHeHa a TSIXHO ceJio. MaffKa II, Karo OCTaHaJia
B.L(0BHU.3, npo.n.aJia BCHllKO H ce npH6paJia IIpH JJ.'bIUepSI CH. 3eT H .D.0-
61>p H pa60THHK ceJISIHHH C'bC cne.n.tto C'bCTOHHHe, HQ qecTHT C'bC C'b-
npyrara CH H c nerre CH .n.eqHua, MOMqera Karo attrenqera, Karo BHJI..HJI
JJ.OHeCeHHTe }l{'bJITHUH - USIJia e.l].Ha rom1Ma ,AeJIB~, He pat1HJI .n.a rH
npH6epe. 3e.n rH, HacHnaJI rH B e.zr.HH qyaaJI, B'bpsaJI sa Hero e.zr.HH KaM'bK
H rH XB'bpJIHJI B e)J.HH BHP .l].'bJI60K. Ta CH e qecTHT-38B'bpllHi 6a6a
BH.u.a.
TipoaepHX JIHlJHO TOSI pa3Ka3 . XO.U.HX B nocoqeHaTa K'bll.I.8 H OT
6a6a CraMetta MHHKOBa, c1>mara Tom.a Ha ceJIHHHHa, qyx C'bI.IJ.HH pas-
Kas. Or cnmaTa 6a6a CTaMetta 3ex H pH.U.'bK, xy6as ,,rauratt." c Bc1rq-
KHTe IIpHH8J:I.Jie.>KHOCTH 38 ETHOrpacpHqecKHSI Myseu.
KaKBOTO H .n.a 6HJIO 38KOil8HOTO HMaHe, cnope.u. HapOJI.HOTO BHpBa-
He To ce no.n.aeano c macTHe H 3,upaae caMo Ha cHpauH. (Ba6a Pyca,
c. Bpecoao, AurocKo, 6a6a KaJ1HHKa, c. Tio,u.aec, KapHo6arcKo.)-
f JI a Ba rpera
3AP,I'P OBHf[} lT )KHBOT

A . llyrna.
B. TiocJie yMHpatteTo.
'B. 3a.n rpo6a, oaH CB.HT.
r. TIOHHTHe 3a rpHX.

A . .llYlllA

1. K aKeo 1-tewp e oywa?

HapOJJ.HOTO .BHpBatte npe.nc't'aBJISIBa .nyrnaTa B .nsa.
Hepa3JJ.eJIHH o6paaa: C.HHKa H JJ.'bX. THH JI.Ba o6pa3a ca TaKa CB'bp33HH
e}J.HH C .npyr, III.OTo' OTJJ.eJIHO He MOraT .na corn.ecTByBaT. CHHKaTa Ha
'IOBeKa ce BH)l(JJ.a, KOraTo csent CJI'bHU.eTo H rpee Mece'IHHa, a JJ.'bX'bT
(JJ.HXaHeTO, .nyrnaTa) ce BH)l(JJ.~. KOraTO e cTyJJ.eHO. AKO ce 3eMe C.HHKaTa
Ha qoaeKa, JJ.HXaHeTO He MO)l{e 6e3 HeH H qoseK YMHpa, KaK'bBTO e·
cJiy'la.HT, KOraTo npeMep.HT HHKOMY CHHKaTa H H 3a3HJJ.3T, KaKTO TOBa
ce nocoqH no-rope. Como H aKo cnpaT HHKOMY .noxa - TOH naK YMHpa,
KaKBOTO CTaBa, KOraTO 3aTHCHaT HHKOMY yctaTa C K'bpna H HOCa, Ta
He .nasaT .na H3JIH3aJJ.'bX'bT. (Ba6a ,Uecna, c. ,UepeMaxJie, Ko3'bJiara'I KO,
6a6a <l>HJia; c. BeJIHU.a, XacKOBCKO, 6a6a Pa.na, c. TopHoa_o npn Ceii-
MeH, 6a6a CToeHHU.a, c. BaJIBaHU.H, TopHOBCKo.)
,UyrnaTa He yMHpa HHKora; KoraTo qose1t yMpe, .nyrnaTa, T. e. CHH-
KaTa H )J.'bX'bT, H3JIH3a H3 cHaraTa MY H OTHBa Ha He6oTo, a Tpyn1>T MY
ocTaH TyKa H H3rHHBa. (Ea6a Bop6a, c . PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a ,UoHa,
c. lll-HnKa, 6a6a ,Uo6pa, c. TsopJJ.HU.a.)
,UyrnaTa 06HTaBa B 'IOBeKa B C'bpU,eTO H HenpecTaHH O H3JIH3a H
BJIH3a - CSIHKaTa H JJ.'bX'bT, .H OTTaMO HHe ycern.aMe, 11e C'bpU.eTo TYTITH.
,Uo.neTo copn.eTo TYTITH, )J.OTorasa 3HaeM, qe .nyrnaTa e B Hae, nonJie;
KaTo npecTaHe .na TYTITH, TOBa IlOKa3Ba, qe )J.yrnaTa e H3Jle3HaJia H qo-
BeK'bT e yMpHJI. KoraTo HHKO:u Hee YMPHJI, a caMo ce npeHec'bJI, noa-
ttaaa ce no Tosa, qe copn.eTo MY orn.e II'hnJie, MHoro cJia6o, HO naK
TynTH. (Ba6a CToettHU.a, c. BaJIBaHU.H,6a6a ,Uecna, c.- PeceH, TopHoB--
CKO, 6a6a Pa)J.a ToHhOBa, c. TopHoso, XacKoBcKo .)
KoraTO rJie)l.aMe B'bB BOJJ.a, HHe BH)l{)l.aMe o6pa3a CH IlO-JICHO - a
TOBa e HarnaTa .nyrna, KaKBHTO w.e 60.neM, KaTo yMpeM. BeqepHO speMe
He e }l06pe }la ce orJie}lBaMe y BO}la HJIH B orJie)J.aJio, 33IIJ.OTO BH>KAaMe·
.nyrnaTa CH, a TH He 6Hsa }la ce rJie}la seqepHo speMe. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa,
C. JlHTaKOBO, 6a6a ,UoHa, c. lllHnKa.)
HAP OJJ. HA Bf[P A 321
JI.a ce
)leTe, KOeTo CH rJie.n.a CHHKaTa, pa360JUIBa ce K HallHHB
rJiaB060JI,
OilHKBa; MOMa HJIH 6yJIKa - aKo CH rJieJ1.a·CHHKaTa, .D.06HBa
B'bp6a,
HallHHSI .n.a cTpa.Z(ae OT rJiasa. (Ba6aCToeH1-1u.a,c.BaJIBaHU.H; 6a6a
c. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a Pyca CJiaaoaa, c. KHnHJioao.)
H
KoraTo llOBeK YMHpa, .n.ymaTa H3JIH3a H3 ycTaTa, 3aToaa HMa
TO ·CTO-
npHK33K3 Ha CMHX ,,CTHCKaH 31>6H' Ta H He nyw.aii·f " - · KaKBO
KaJI 3'b6H-
pHJI e.n.HH _6oraT llOBeK, KaTo IlOllHaJI JI.a YMHpa. TOH CH CTHC
a CToe liHu.a,
Tet KaTo MHCJIHJI, lie w.e cnpe .n.ymaTa CH )I.a He H3JIH3a. (Ba6
cKo.)
c. BaJIBaHU.H, TopHoBcKo,' 6a6a MoMa, c. Tomoau.H, EJieH
a, TaKa Ba, KaKB a-
,llym aTa, K3TO H3Jie 3He H3 llOBe Ka, CTaBa CHHK
.BaMe, H
TO H BH.>K.D.aMe B'bB BO.ll.aTa HJIH orJie.Z1.aJIOTO, KOraT O ce orJie.D
a ce HBHB a Ha .>KHB HTe;
KaTO TaKaB a OTHB a Ha .OHH CBHT ; KaTo TaKaB
aHUH,.
KaTo · TaKaBa H3JIH3a npe.n. 6ora. (Ea6a ·CToeHHU.a, c. BaJIB
TopHOBCKO, 6a6a necrr a, c. ,llepeMaXJie, Ko3'bJiarallKO.)

2. K 02a u KaK yMup a 'l.08eK?

4oae K YMHp_a, KoraTo MY .n.oii.n.e yMupa'I.Kama,.
a TSJ .D.OXO.>K.D.a, KOra e OpHC 8HO Jl.8 yMpe . Y TOH
)1.eH, y TOH qac, K3KT O
aqxaTa
MY e opHcaHo, YMHpallKaTa -.n.oxam.n.a H t1oaeK YMHpa. OT yMHp
HUa,
HHKOH He MO.>Ke .n.a H36erHe HJIH .n.a ce cKpHe HHK'b.JJ.e. (Ba6a CToeH
, 6a6a
c. BaJIBaHUH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a Pyca Cnaaoaa, c. K~nHJIOBO
MHqa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Cam.uoacKo.)
KaTo .n.011.n.e yMHpat1KaTa, .n.ymaTa Ha qoaeKa noqHe .n.a ce CTHra
po.u eTe-
33 Il'bT. TH noqHe )1.~ ce C'b6Hpa ~3 KpaKaTa, H3 np'bCTHTe, H3
e UHJia - CHHK aTa H
Toraaa ce Kasaa ,,6epe .u.yrna". KaTo ce co6ep
a (c~1> prra) H3llH HH .n.a
.lJ.'bX'bT, JJ.OCBH.D.HB8 H .n.a H3Jle 3He, HO YMHp 8llK3T
pasrn o6aa
pyurn cHaraTa . . JH not{He .n.a peme cTaBine c TpHOH, .n.a
nep.n.e
cTaBHTe coc cape.n.eJI H .n.neTo, Aa npepH3Ba mHJIHTe, .n.a Typra
B'bpBH
Ha OllHTe HJIH fH npo60J:(B8, .Ta H3TlfliaT; .n.a sany rna YllIHTe H Ta.Ka
rJiaBaTa.
.D.O lIIHHTa. KaTo .D.OH.D.e .Z(O lIIHHTa, TH 3HMa 6pa.n.BaTa H. OTCHlla
C KpaK ,.·
B TOBa IlOJIO.>KeHHe llOBe K He ·Mo.>Ke .n.a Mp'b.D.He H_H C p0Ka ,1rn
., He Il03H aBa HHJ.UO •
He ycew. a HHJ.UO, He BH.>K.Z(a HHIIJ.O, He qye HHJ.UO
Ta, MaKap
.llyUI.aTa o6atre ow.e CTOH, ow.e ii ce He w.e .n.a HanycHe CHara
aTa H6'bJI-
tJe TH e aeqe cpyTeHa K'bllJ.a. Tora aa aHreJioT nocoqaa sJiaTH
ce IlOMaM-
Ka, KOHTO HOCH C'bC ce6e CH, 1-1 H no.n.aaa Ha .D.YlllaTa. .llyllla Ta
3He JIH Be.ZI.H'b.>K - lIOBe K
Ba no. H6'bJ IK8Ta H H3JIH 33 H3 CHar aTa. J13J1e
rocrroA
e yMpHJI H He.HHO apom.atte He MO.>Ke .n.a 60.n.e B.e11e, oc:eeH aKo
B'bpoa· H
Kame H 3anoaH.n.a. (Ba6 a CToeH1-1ua, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a
He, CBH-
,llecna, t. PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a M11lla, c. Ko3ap BeJie
Kepa,.
J.UOB~Ko, 6a6a Pyca HHKOJioaa, c. TpocTeHHK, HHKonoJicKo, 6a6a
o.)
c. BaJIBaH, T'bpHoBcKo, 6a6a TTetta, c. CeMHClle, XacKoBcK
Ba6a Mopcpa, c. ,llepeKbOH, Ko3'bJiaratJKo, Ka3Ba, 'le rJiaBa Ta He
·
HOCH.
OTCHlla YMHpallKaTa (CMoprra), a CB. PattreJI C HOlKa Cl:I, KOHTO
Toaa MHeHHe cnoAeJIH H 6a6a Pyca CJiaBoBa, c. KHnHJio.s o (Cpa.
C6H Y
X, 120, ITpHJien), .n.eTo ca . ApxattreJI MHxa11JJ. ce- np~~Ta.BJIHBa c Ho~
21
 322 ,a H .M HT "b P MAP H HOB

e p1>Ka H c mepe:JJua:. HO.>K'bT JI.a oTce4e rJiaBaTa,a Tepes1u1Ta.n,a MepH rpe-

x0seTe Ha qoseKa. TaMo CMopTTa ce npe.n,cTaBJIHBa, qe HOCH Top6a c
~csu~aKBH Op'b.ZI,HH. C THH Ce'IHBa HatJ:HHH .n,a pa3rJio6Ba 60JIHHH OT np'b-
CTHTe H B'bpBH JJ.O lllHHTa. CoII.UfTe B'b3fJie.ZI,H, T. e. qe .n,ylllaTa Ha 11oaeKa
.3HMa cs. ApxaHreJI MHxaHJI, KaTo H oT.n,eJIH coc ca6JIHTa CH - ce
cpemaT H s BnToJicKo (C6HY, ·x11, 124).
Em1renT Ha CB . ApxaHreJI MHxaHJI - iJywoeaoHuK, o6moynoTpe-
..6HBaH, YTB'bp.>K.ZI,aBa BHpBaHeTO, qe TOH nocJie)J.eH 3HMa .n,ylllata.
KoraTo no'IHe 11oseK ,,.n,a 6epe .n,yllla", .n,oxa.>1<.n,aT npH Hero BCH-
'IIKHTe MY yMpeJIH pO.ZI.HHHH H pO)J.HTeJIHTe, na H JJ.euaTa MY, a KO HMa
TaKHBa, H MY ce SlllHBaT. H TOH cera B TOBa IlOJIO.>KeHHe caMO THX BH-
.JKJJ.a. AKo e 6HJI .n,o6op H npase.n,eH, Ha JierJioTo MY .n,oxa.>1<.n,aT aHre.n11,
neHT .M_y .H Toii ·e pa.n,ocTeH, 3aCMHH H MO.>Ke .n,a nporosopH caMo: ,,Kon-
.KO e xyoaso!", . T. e. BH.>K.ZI,a paH C xy6oCTHTe. AKO JIH e 6HJI JIOII.I,
H3e.ZI,HHK H np. - rpelI.IHHK, OKOJIO nerJIOTO .n,oxa.>K)J.aT JJ.HBOJIH C pa3JIH'IHI{
ceqHBa, f0TOBH JI.a M'bllaT .n,ylI.laTa; IlOHHJmra TH.SI )J.HBOJIH MY ce HBHB aT
!KaTo nceTa, B'bJIUH HJIH Me'IKa H HaJIHTaT Ha Hero H TOH BHKa: ,,OT'bpBe-
,re Me OT TH.SI B'bJIUH HJIH OT THH nceTa, HJIH OT TaH Me'IKa - HCKaT
.na Me pa3K1>caT." (Ba6a Pa.n.a, c. TopHoao, H 6a6a ITeHa, c. CeMHc11e_ ,
XacKOBCK0., 6a6a •CToeH11ua, c. Ba,1BaHUH, 6a6a ,[{ecna, c. PeceH,
TopH0BcK0..)

,3. fl peHGCRHe Ha OHR CBRm

KoraTo 11oaeK HHMa JI.a yMpe, a caMo ce npeHacR,

Toraaa YMHp-aqKaTa (cM'bpTTa) He JJ.OXa>K.n,a, a HJJ.Ba caMo cs. ApxaHreJI
M11x all.TI, . 3HMa ,zxyl.ilaTa H 'IOBeK'bT OCT a Ba. Heno,zi.BH.>KeH, KaTO . qe e
yMp.HJI . 'lie He ,e yMp.HJI, no3HaBa ce no TOBa, 11e copueTo cnaoo-cna6o
Tyna. 3a TaKHBa ce Ka3_Ba: ,,.[{ylI.la rro.n, HOK'bT ocTaH", T. e. e.n,BaM ce
ycew.a TynaHeT0 Fl MH03HHa ro MHCJIHT 3a yMp.H.n, a TOH ce C'b.>KHBHBa.
MHoro l!@Beuw, nfl npeHeceHu, ca 3aKorrsaHH H B rpo6a ca ·ce
C'bJKHBHBa.TIH, ;HO 0THOBO YMHpaT OT 3a.DylllBaHe.
-CB. PaHreJI ~KaTO 3eMe .n,ymaTa, BOJJ.H H Ha OH.ff CB.HT B p~Sl H
TI'bK'bJJ8, TIOK-83B8 H BC-HllKO, BH.>K,ll.a BCHllKH, pa3rosapH ce C MH03HHa
,CBOH yMpe;nH cpO,ll.HHUH H KaTO ce CB'bplllH BCHllKO, Bpow.a H. rraK B
TRJioTo H qoaeK_O>KPIBHBa. (Ba6a Pyca Cnaaoaa, c. KHnHnoao, ·6a6a
CToeHHUa, c . BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a Mopcpa, c .
)lepeKhOH. Cp.». )I(. cTap., III, 278-279.)
B HHKOH CJiyqaJl ca. ApxaHren MHxaHJI, KaTo ,LJ.OH,LJ.e JI.a 3eMe JJ.Y·
wa!a .HSIK0MY, CMHJIHBa ce H He SI 3HMa HJIH SI Bponta naK B THJIOTO . ·
HapOJJ.HaTa BHpa npeJJ.-aBa B HapOJJ.HHTe TI~CH_H H npHKa3KH TaKHBa cny-
qaH, HO rocno.zt My -aarrOBHJJ.-311 JJ.3 He cnHpa OpHCaHOTO H .zta H3ffbJIHHBa
a.oYHO 3an0se)l,li'Fe . ..(C6HY, I, 27, N26; III, 39.)
HAPO JZHA Bf{PA 323
4. lloAOJICeHuetno Ha sacna/l 'lOBeK-

KoraT o cnH 'IOBeK, .n.yrnaTa MY K'h.ZJ.e e?

KoraT o 11oaeK JHtra .n.a cnH, ·T ou 3acnHa a .n.sa C'bHa: JieK, HJIH nJIH-
Tl>K H Te>K'bK, HJIH )J.'bJI60K .
- ca
,,IlJIHT KO CilH, JieKo CilH, CilH KaTo IlHJie, CilH KaTO 3aeK"
t13pa)K eHHSI 3.a JieKHH C'bH .
,,Te)KKO/,CnH, )J.'bJI60KO CilH, CITH KaTO 3aKJia H" - ca H3pa)KeHHH 33
Te)KKH H, )J.'bJI60KHH C'bH..
. lloBeK , KoraTo e 3acnaJ I JieKo, 6y.n.H ce OT Haii-MaJIKHH rnyM.
TipH TOff C'bH ·CSIHKaTa Ha 'IOBeKa e HJIH B Hero, HJIH OKOJIO Hero 6JIH30.
. KoraT o CITH )J.'bJI60KO, 'IOBeK OT HHU{O He MO)Ke .n.a ce C'b6y.n.H:
.,,Tona H .n.a 6HHT Ha)J. rJiaBaT a . My", KaKTO ce H3pa3HBa Hap0.ZJ.'bT, naK
HSIMa .n.a qye. TipH TOH C'bH CSIHKa Ta Ha 'IOBeKa e .n.aJieKO OT Hero, 33-
CKHTaJia ce y CBeT., rope Ha HeOOTO, )J.0JIY no.n. 3eMSITa H CTHra .D.O Kpau
CBH't, KaT0 BH>K)J.a 'IY.ZJ.HH Hew.a, K0HT0 'I0BeK He MO)Ke .n.a BH)J.H. OT TaMO
KOeTO
e H npHKa 3KaTa: ,,He C'bM HH C'bHyB a.h TaKOBa qy.n.o", T. e. Hemo,
e MHoro qy.n.lio, MHoro CTpallIHO. (Ba6a 8'bp6a H 6a6a ,Uecna , c . PeceH,
6a6a CToeHHUa, c. Ba.11BaHUH, TopHo BcKo., 6a6a MH11a, c. Ko3ap Be-
.neae., CBHlll.OBCKo, 6a6a CTaHa , c. PycoK acTpo, Byprac Ko, qa6a Myrna ,
c. PHrn, TipecJ iaBcKo .)
CBHT:
. CaMO KaTO 3acnK 'IOBeK , TOraBa CHHKa Ta BH)K)J.a HeBH,llHMHH
JlYllIHT e Ha yMpeJJHTe, aHreJIHTe, _.llHBOJI1fTe, opHCHHUHTe, caMoBHJIHTe
H
H .llP.; caM0 Tor aaa CHHKaTa e B o6w.eHHe C'bC 3 a .ll r p 0 6 H H
JK Fi B ·o T. TH " BIUK,lla BCHQKO, BH)K,lla H KaKBO HMa .na CTaHe,
3aIIJ.0TO
e
O'b,nern.eTo ii ce 0TKJ'HBa, H KoraTo ce B'bpHe B CHaraTa, BCHllK0, IIJ.0
::SH.lJ.HJia, npe.ncT.aBJIHBa ce Ha 'I0BeKa KaTO C'bH, KaTO qe e C'bHyB aJI,
.
·Kato" -qe ·e BM,llSl.71 Ha C'bH. CaMO qe TOSI C'bH e MHOro T'bMeH, HeHCeH
)J.'bXa H Ha
3aIIJ.OTO CHl11KaTa, Ka'_l'O ce B'bpHe B CHaraT a, pa3K83 Ba Ha
e
CHara nf ,' ·l ll0 e B11,llHJia, HO CHaraT a He MO)Ke .na 38ITOMHH HJIH .na pa36ep
BCH1iKO HCHO. .
ETo 3amo, KOMTO 3Hae H Il03HaB a OT C'bHHIIJ.a, M0>Ke ,lla fH pa3-
TbJIKy aa: Kou C'bH ~aKBO noKa3B a. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c . BaJIBaHUH, Top-
·
HOBcKo, 6a6a M11qa l1JI11uqesa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBHIIJ.OBCKo.)
. CoHSIT Ha llOBeKa MO>Ke ,lla 6'b,ne CJl3.lJ.'bK, a M0)Ke )l.a 60.ne CTpa-
mek ,,CJia)J.KO cntl"' llQBeK, KOHTO HHMa -HHKaKBH rpH>KH, KaT0 ,lleuaTa,
a Jiio.n.e
J<OHTO HSIMaT rpexoa e , Ta rH He M'b'I8T H ca cnOKO HHif.Ha TaKHB
H
-CbHHIIJ.aTa ca Jl.G6pH., seceJIH H npHSITHH, 3aTOBa H CilSIT CilOK0HHO
BeceJio .
. ,,CTpal lIHO cnH" OH.ff llOBeK , KOHTO HMa fOJieMH rpH>KH H KOHTO e
.Aa-
B'bpllIHJI cTpaw HH paOOTH H rpexoa e; THH rpexoe e ro M'hllaT H ae MY
HH, aaw.oT o
13aT CITOKOHH0 .ll'a CITH- Ha TaK'bB 'IOBeK C'bHHW .aTa ca. CTpaIII
rp. exoaeT e, npenp·aBeHH Ha rpo3HH H CBHpen u
H .n.yxoee H BH.zt.eHHH t
.
Kpew.H ,
Sp'bXJI HT8T !!:a -Pler.o., HCXat ,lla ro pa3K'bC aT H TOH B C'bHH CH BHKa,
ce
cenea ce H ce c'b6y>1<.zt.a pa3Tpe nepaH. TaK'bB 'I0BeK C'hHyaa ow.e, qe
Ta-
KaTe_pH no .BliCGKH JI CTp'bMHH CKaJIH, na.n.a OT THX, .l{3BH ce..H MHoro
 324 .',lHMHT'Z>P MAPP/HOB

KHBa cTpawHH CbHIUIJ.a . Tosa ca HeroBHTe rpexoae, KOHTO, npenpaee-

HH, ro HOC.SIT 11 XBbpraT BbB eo.n.a, s Mope, B OfbH H np. (6a6a CToeuu-
u.a, c. BaneaHUH, TbpHoBcKo, 6a6a MoMa, c. To;uoeuH, EneHtKo,. 6a6a
Mop<pa, c . . .UepeKbOH, Kb3nJiara11Ko.)
AKO llOBeK e MHOro rpeweH, TO KoraTO C.SIHKaTa MY IlbTyBa, .lVI-
BOJibT BJIH3a B THJIOTO, a TaKbB CTaBa KaTO 11e. e }KHB, H3JIH3a OT Kb[IJ.H
H XO)J.H HaBCHKb.lJ.e, KaTepH ce no )J.bpBeTa, no CKaJIH H no CTeHH -'!;~MO,. .
)J.eTo llOBeK He MO)Ke .na CTHrHe, He MO)Ke .na npHCT'bTIH. TaK'hB llOBeK
HaH-HaKpaH 38fHHBa: HJIH ce y,naBH, HJIH nana OT BHCOK3' CKaJia, aKo e
MHHaJio noTaHHa no6a H ca nponeJIH neTJIHTe. JlHBOJI'hT ce ry6H H
11oseK'bT norH6Ba. (6a6a To.nopa n. XpHcToBa, c. JlHTaKoso,6a6a Ke-
pa, C. 6aJIBaH, TbpHOBCK0.)7
t.JoeeK, KOHTO cnH )J.bJI60K0, ,,KaTO 3aKJiaH"' Hapo.n.HaTa BHpa .3a6-
paHHBa )J.a ce 6y,nH C pHTaHe, C TJiaCKaHe, 38[IJ.OTO TaK'bB MO}K_ e )J.a
TIOCTpa,nae <;aMHllbK HJIH )la HanpaBH naKOCT H )J.pyrHMY. TIOCTpa.n.~a
caMHll'bK, 3a[IJ.OTO, TJiacHaT HJIH pHTHaT, CHaraTa MY ce pa3T'hpcea
H -pa3Tpenepsa 11 CHHKaTa He ce Bpoma aeqe B cHaraTa H TOH y~11pa. (6a.-
6a Kepa, c. 6aJIBaH, TbpHoBcKo, 6a6a KaTepHHa, c . PHJia.)
Mo)Ke )J.a HanaKOCTH Ha. TH.SI OKOJIO Hero, 3a[IJ.OTO., pUTHaT ;HJIH
. TJiaCHaT, TOH ce Cb6y)K,l,a, HO mpenaeeH, T~ .e. ome CHHKaTa MY He BJie-
3HaJia UHJia H TOH ome ce He C'bB3eJI, B noJiyC'h3HaHHe M0')l{e )J.a rpa6He-
Hemo H )la y6He llOBeKa Ha MHCTO. nocJie HHmo He TIOMHH. l1MaJIO e-
TaKHBa cJiyllaH MHOro, 33.TOB~ e JIOWO )J.a ce PH'.fa HJIH TJiacKa,. a TpH-
6ea noJieKHllKa )J.a ce 6yTa H BHKa. ·
TaK'bB )J.'bJI60KO 3acnaJI M0:>Ke H ~a noJiy)J.ee; HMaJI0 e TaKHBa CJIY
11aH. (6a6a Toiropa n . XpHCTOBa, c. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a:Mop
<pa, c. JlepeKhOH, K'h3'bJiara11Ko.)
JlbJI60K HJIH )J.bJibr C'bH CTI.HT ome: MarbOCHHUHTe, semHUHTe,.
}KeHH-C8MOBHJIH, M'b}Ke-3Meff0Be, KOHTO 38CTIHBaT H Ha CbHH CH
xo.n.HT no o6JiaUHTe, no.n. 3eMHTa H no .n.pyrH MecTa. (6a6a Jlecna,. c.
PeceH, TbpHoBcKo,6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3Koea, c. 6aJIBaH, TopHoBcKo;,.
6a6a Mop<pa, c. JlepeKhOH, Ko3bJiara11Ko.)

5. CM7Jpm om meAecHo noepe_{)IC8aHe

JlywaTa, KaTo ce.n.H B cbpueTo:, 3amo lfOBeK
YMHpa, KaTO ro y.n.apHT no rJiaBaTa C .lJ.bpBo, npoMyJIIaT C HO}K HJll{ 3a'-
CTpeJIHT C nywKa? - 6erne IlHTaHeTo, ~eTo 3a.na.n.ox Ha H"HK0JIKO
6a6HllKH. .
ETO OTr0BOpa HM.
6a6a To.n.opa n. X pHCT0Ba, c. JlHTaKoso:
,,K'hmaTa e 3.n.pasa, HO aKo 3eMe HHKOH -.n.a Hace11e rpe,'.1.HTe HJIH
6uAomo, HJIH MapmeKume, T. e; OHIHI JI.bpBeTa, K0'HT<iJ: .st Kpen.SIIT - Tff
~e ce cpyTH H me na.n.He H xopaTa, K0HT0 ca BbTpe, me :ua6.HraT H3 Hem_

7 TyK· e H3MeK 33 C0,MH3M6y.'lHCTHTe.

HAPO JJ.IIA 8~PA 325
Ta·Ra e H JJ.)'lllaTa. Tst }KHBee B copneT o, a cHaraTa e Heiia-aTa H;'bW.a.
Axo ce :p_a 3pylllH HHKOH ll8CT OT Taff CHara, KOHT0 CJIY.>KH .ff KaT0 ·6HJIO,
.
,J KtlTO MapTeK H np. - Toraaa 'H" TH H3JIH3a.-"
Ba6a M1-:111a MJIHii11eaa, c. Koaap BeneHe ;
,,Koma Ta e 3,D.paaa, Ho aKo oTH'A~Iii JJ.a pa~aaJI Hlll noKpHB a, TH
Beqe Hee K'bma, 3311.{0TO B HeH He te JKHBee. TaKa H CHaraTa . AKO cqy-
nMm f JiaBaTa , ·TH He e Belle CHara H JJ.ylllaTa H3JIH38 H3 He.SJ."
Ba6a Mopcpa , c . .llepeKb oii: ·
.,,K'hma Ta e 3JJ.paaa H xopaTa }KHBeHT·B HeH, HO aKo 0THP.ern )I.a pa3-
Ban11m BpaTaT a, KOMHHH · H JJ.yaapH Te, Ka'KBO OCTaH? Toaa aeqe He e
l
K'b'll\a H xopaTa CH H3JI838 T. TaK'a H CHaraTa Ha 1IOBeKa ; aKO cqynHil
r naaaTa , a Ko npoMyr nHlll KopeMa H qepaaT a - KaKB0 ocTaaa? HHlll.0,
e,z:rHH Tpyn H P.ymaTa H H~nycK a."
TipH6JIH3HTeJIHO B '1'8K'b"B CMHC'bJI, T. e. ,q e KaT0 Cflazama (T.HJIOTO)
Ha qoaeKa npenpn H HHKOe cepH03H O noape.>K,71.aHe,KoeTO e CMbpTO HOCHO,
.nyrnaTa H3JIH38 H3 IIOBeKa , Ta Ka Cbll.{O, KaKTO. H e)J.Ha KbllJ,8, KOHTO, K8TO
npenpn H noape)J.H, cTaaa Heo6HTaeMa H.xopaTa 6HraT H3 HeH,ce H3Ka3a -
xa · om.e 6a61iTe: 6a6a .lloHa YayH-H HKOJio aa· H 6a6a TTeHa TieTKOBHUa,
c. IIIHnKa , Ka3aHJ ibillKO, 6a6a Mapm-i a ,llo6pea a H. 6a6a:· ,llo)J.a reH-
qeaa,IIa HanopH I.l.{e, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BanaaH UH H 6a6a Bbp6a r11He-
aa, c. PeceH, T'bpHoB cKo.
A 38 BHeaanHaTa 'CMbpT Ha tfOBeKa eTO K8KBO o6HcHeHHe MH )1.8-
.n.e 6a6a MHt1a HJIHHii eaa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe , CBHllJ,OBcKo:
,,KbllJ,aTa e 3)1.paaa OTBbHKa, HO OT)J.e )I.a 3HaeM, qe TeMeJibT HJIH
6HJIOTO ca np9rHH JIH;· e)J.Ha CHJIHa BHXPY1IIK8 H ~bI.IJ.aTa e JI8,ltH8Jia; ·HJIH
e)J.HO CHJIH0 HaB0)J.HeHHe H K'bll.{aTa e cpyTeHa . TaKa e H C tf0BeKa. fJie-
.naMe ro 3)1.paB, HOB CbpUeTO CH HJIH B .npyro HellJ,O e qypyK, noape)J.
eH
H e,AHO CHJIHO ,nyllleBH O pa3TbpC BaHe H TOH e YMPHJI.
u "

6. nocJIE YMHPA HETO

1. KaKBo cmaoa oyiuama?
KaTo H3Jie3He·,nylllaT a OT CHaraTa, TH eta.Ba MbpTBa ,
.Jl,£Ul; TOH Jieui TpH6Ba )1.8 ce H3H8CH H3 .K'bll.{8Ta, 38ll1,0TO CM'bp,nH H )1.O-
H3CH 6oJieCTH. OKOJIO MbpTBOTO THJIO H,naT BCHtfKH 6oJieCTH, _38T0Ba 38
3)1.paseTo Ha P.pyrHT e Jielll'bT TpH6Ba )I.a ce H3Hece qac no-cKop o H Ji.a ce
aaKona e .
.llymaT a, KaT0 H3Jle3He OT T~JI0T0, He M0.>Ke .na H)J.e ae.nnar a Ha
HeOOTO, a ce)J.H Ha 3eMHTa )1.0 40 P.HH:
ll.o TpeTHH )1.eH )1.ymaTa, npH.Apy.>KeHa OT CB0H aHreJI H .ZJ.SIB0JI'
B'bpTH ce 0K0JI0 KbllJ,aTa, 0K0JIO ceJIO_To; TH BH.>K~a BCHIIKO, llJ,0_CTaBa
0K0JIO norpe6e HHeTO Ha THJIOTO. Ha TpeTHH )1.eH, KaTo ce , Il0JIO}KH
mpemuH U H n?JmflUfla .Ma/lKa, TH TpbrBa Ha MaJIKO H KpaTKO Il'bTyBa He,
Jl8 OOHKOJIH H BH.AH 38 nocJie)J.eH Il'bT BCHQKHTe MecTa, )1.eTo e X0!J.HJI
lJOBeK B .>KHB0Ta CH. AKO He e H3JIH3aJI OT ceJI0T0 HJIH aKo e Il'bTyBa JI,
326 /].HM H TltP MA-PH HOB
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HO :Bce OOH30; ;ZJ.ywaTa My. e cnoKOHHa,3aW.OTO HHMa .ZUt ce CKHTa MHOro·;

HO·aKo e 6Hn 2yp6em'lUR H Thproseu, Ta e XO.ll.HJI no 2yp6em H neqa-
n6a Ha,ll.ane11e, no ,ll.ane11HH .crpaH.H, TH rpH6Ba cera ,ll.a -o6HKOJIH ..cu-
q~H THSI MecTa H 11.a 6'bp3~, 33 ,Aa ce HaMepH Ha rpo6a CH Ha. 40-HSI
,n.eH. Ero aaw.o HMa npHK83Ka 33 ryp6eT'IHHTe,KOHTO crpaHCTByBaT no
MHoro .n.ane1.1HH cTpaHH-: ,,HMa 11.ywaTa MY MHoro ,ll.a ce ~KHTa. u (6a6a
IleTpOBHUa, c. BpyceH, 'fereseHcKo, 6a6a KaMeHa, c. 61>30Bel{,
JlOMCKO, npeceneHH OT PyM'bHHH.)'
K~ro o6HKOJIH BCH11KHTe MecTa, Ha 11erHpH.Z1eceTHS1 11.eH ce Bpow.a
C amen a CH H JlHBOJia H 3HfeJI'bT H noKa3Ba Tp_yna, KaTO H K3HH )la BJiea-
He B uero. TH ce 0Tsp1:,w.a H ce rHyc~, xaro K83Ba: ,,B ro·SI n-ew JIH C'bM
>KHB,iJJa?"
3a TOH .,l1.eH .llOMaWHHTe ca npHrOTBHJIH lKepTBa sa npHHOC. H
BCH11KHTe po.llHHHH, c1:,6paHH Ha rpo6if, npHC'hCTBYBaT Ha .o6p-e,ll.a,
Hape11eH paBH£He 2po6a H Ha npHHoca, Ta 3a nocne.n..eH n'hT )la ce onp.o.-
CTSIT C IlOKOHHHSl H C )lywaTa MY, KOSITO nocJie paBHeHeTO Tp'brBa 33
.Z1ane11eH n'hT - 3a OHSl cBSIT. (Ba6a ToHa H 6a6a To.llopa, c . . Hoso.
ceno·; CeBJIHeBcKo, 6a6a B1:,p6a, c. Kpan 6yHap, T1:,pH0BcKo, 6a6a Ba-
cHna, c. BaiipaM]lepe,. IlpecnaBcKo.)
,llywaTa, axo e MHoro rpewHa, aHreJI'bT SJ HanycKa H Ts,. Jl8JleHa
IJO.ll BJiacTTa Ha JJ.HBOJia, CKHTa ce Ha 3eMHTa, crpa)lae H ce M'bqH. Taxa-
Ba .llYIIIa ce ynJI'bTBa, T. e. CTaBa BaMnHp H Ka,.o IlJl'bTeHHK X0.IlH no 3e-
MHTa, JlO.IleTo He 60.lle y6HT. (B11<. no-rope - BaMnHp, CTP'· .309.)
3a T3K'bB fOJIHM rpewHHK H B Il'bK'bJia HSlMa MSICTO, H raMO ro He
. npH6HpaT, Ta TpH6Ba H Karo .llywa )lace CKHTa, -)la ce M'bllH Ha 3eMHTa
H roraBa H raMo .Jla ro npH6epar. (Ba6a CocpHSI, c. ASI3JIH," TionoBcKo,.
6a6a AraHaca, c. )l:»<yJIIOHHU:a, T1:,pH0BcKo.) ·

2. Jl.ytuama Ha yMpeAUfl U aoMatuHUme

)lywara Ha yMpenmi HBSlBa JIH ce Ha JlOM8lllHHTe
H KaK?
Karo H3Jie3He JlYW3T8 OT llOBeKa, TSl BHR<)la BCH11KO, w.o CTaBa B
K1>W.H)I K3KBO npaBHT JlOMaWHHTe, caMo lie H~ MOR<e )la fOBOpH. BH>K)la
KaK K'bilHT Tpyna, KaK ro o6JIHllaT, KHTHT, _ Ka,IlSlT H KaK MY ·noAazam
(npaBSlT IipHHOC). AKO Hew.o ca 3a6paBHJIH .lJ,a H3B'bpWaT·- )lywara ce
SlBSlBa Ha JlOMaWHHTe HaC1>He H HM Ka3Ba ·KaKBO ca 3a6paBHJIH. .n~
CTOPSIT.
Taxa JlH.llO Koii110 B c. B1:,nt1eJJ.p1:,Ma ce HBHJI Ha .lJ.OMawHHTe H HM
Ka3aJI, 11e ca 3a6paBHJIH JJ.a ro 06ys1T B o6yw.a, 3aw.oro ca ro aaxona-
JIH Ha qopam.r.H, ra· Karo rp1:,rHaJI, MHHaJI npe3 none, o6pacno c Tp1:,He,
H ro 6ono, Ta KpaKaTa MY CTaHaJIH.caMO Kp'bB. H .lJ.OMaWHHTe ro OT-KO-
naJIH, Ta· ro 'o6ynH. ToBa 6HJIO BTOpHHT .lJ,eH. Toii ce HBHJI IlOBTOpHO,
Ta _HM 6naroJJ.apHJI. . .
' B C. AJITHMHp YMPSJJia MOMa. KaTO SI OK'bll8JIH H HaKHTHJIH, Tp~-
BaJIO e .lJ,a H ryJVIT nOKOCHJtka ( Aecama); HO e~Ha OT pOJJ.HHHlite· ii
H APO/!HA Bj/PA
327
y6eAHJ18 Ma_iiKa H .n.a He 3aKOnBaT TOJIKOBa HMaHe y 3eMHTa· (nO'KO~HH,-
K'bT 6HJI o6HH3aH C ~.U.PH M0HeTH Ha CT0HHOCT 6JJH30- 2000 rpoma};
3aK0il8JIH H 6e3 Il0KOCHHKa. Ho MOMaTa ce HBHJia Ha Ma.HKa CH HaC'bHe
H Hce onnaKaJia, qe BCHtJKHTe 11 .u.pyrapKH 6Hn°H c noKoCHHU.H, caMo Tjl
6HJia 6e3 TaK'bB H H M0JIHJia .u.a H ro TypHaT. 11 He.H 0TKOD8JIH H H
TypHaJIH noKocHHK~. ( Ba6a KoHa IleTKoaa, c. AJITHMHp.) ·
B c. 6-HJia CnaTHHa .e.U.HH ceJIHHHH .yMpHJI, Ho cHH MY 0TC'hCTBy-
BaJI, 6HJI no pa6oTa s Op.s1xoao.Ilpe3 HOW.Ta, KoraTo 6aw.a MY yMpHn, Toft
ro BH.U.ffJI HaC'bHe H My Ka3aJI: ,,A3 yMHpaM, HO .u.a 3Haem, qe e.u.H-KOH ca
UHraHHH, KOMYT0 npo.u.a.u.oxMe 6HBOJIHUaTa HMa
V '
.u.a
HH ,l).8B8 ow.e 50 JieBa.
ToH ce cenHaJI, ~1>6y.z:tHJI ce H se.u.Hara TporHaJI 3a B.s1na CnaTHHa~
Koraro CTHrHaJI, 6aw.a MY se11e 6HJI yMpHJI. UHraHHH'hT ce onHTaJJ
.u.a386'bUIH, HO KaTo MY K838JI ceJIHHHH'bT, lie 6aw.a MY ·e TOBa K838JI
H8C'bHe - U.HraHHH'bT ce ynJiaUIHJI H npH3HaJI 6op11a cit.(llHJJ.O 3Jia-
TaH H JJ.HJJ.0 CeHHo.)
TaKHBa ' npHMepH H cJiyt1aH MH ce noco11Hxa B c. BpaHHKP
Op~xoacKo, KaMeHo noJie H fopHa KpeMetta, Bpa11aHcKo, MaparuKH
Tp'bcTeHHK, TIJieBeHcK0 1 H B ow.e MHoro ceJia. B o6liKOJIKaTa CH H3
CeJiaTa IlOllTH B'bB BCHKO ceJio MH IlOCOllHXa CJIY'f8H H npHMepH 3-a
TIO,l).00.HO C'hHyBaHe H BH.D.eHHe Ha M'bpTBHTe. YMpe-JIHHT ~JIH YMPHJiaTa
ce HBSI.Ba BCHKOra Ha DO-B'b3pacTHHTe B ceMeikTBOTO: Ha M'b}K, •1KeHap
6arua, M3HKa, 6paT, 1.IHtJ0, cecTpa - npH TOBa HBHBaHe yMpe.nHHT
HJIH e BeceJI, HJIH HaCK'bp6eH, HJIH C'bp.IJ.HT. Toii HJIH nop1>l1B8 38 HeUI.O
.D.a MY npHHecaT, HJIH Mn~pe 1KeHa CH,. 11e He rJie.n.a .D.eu.aTa, 11e pa3HacH
HM0Ta, 'HJIH .ff IlOXBaJIHBa, qe He ce no)KeHHJia H He HanycHaJia K'hW.aTa
MY. KoraTo yM.peJIHHT e Cop.II.HT, TOH rrcyaa .n.oMaUIHHTe, noHHKora
.n.opH ap1>xJieTHBa Ha THX .n.a rH 6He. (Ba6a C1>6a Boi%qesa, c. Jlecw,l\peH,
TereaeHcKo; 6a6a 81>JIKatta, c. JlHTaKoBo, OpxaHHHCKo.)
11Ma CJIY'llaH, KoraTO yMpeJIHHT M'b}K ce HBHBa IlOCT0HHH0 Ha
)KeHa CH c1>p.l\HT, Hana.n.a H .n.a H 6He H TH He cMee .D.a JierHe seqep_.n.a cnH.
TaKaBa >KeHa npH6HrBa .l\O CHJiaTa Ha MarHHTe, K0HT0 nporr'b,l\BaT
M'b>K.a 38 -BCHK0ra. 3a np0II'b,l\BaHeT0 Ha TaK'bB . YMPHJI HMa H .l\pyr
H81111H: 3HMa KepeMH.D.8 OT nycTa K'blll.8 HJIH OT nycTa aon.eHHUa, OTHBa
Ha rpo6a Ha yMpeJIHH 1:1 w.e npeKa,ll.H rpo6a c TeMHH, TypHaT Ha Tag,
KepeMH,ll.a. TiocJie npeKa.n.saHeTo UI.e xa1;>p1n1 xepeMH.IJ.aTa H w.e Ka>Ke:
,,KoraTo ·npoxo.n.H TaH KepeMH.D.a, Toraaa H TH .n.a .D.OH.l\eUI y .D.OMa."'
11 Hapo.D.HOT0 BHpBaHe YTB'bp1K,ll.8Ba, lie yMpeJIHHT npecTaBa B eqe .n.a
ceHBHBa tta 1Ketta cH H .n.a H nJiaIIIH.(Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BanBaHUH,
TopHOBCKO.) TH MH Il0COlJH .n.eceTHHa CJiytJaH OT c. BaJIBaHU.H H OT
0KOJIHllTe MY 6JIH3KH ceJia 38 H B H _B a He Ha Y.M p e JI HT e.
HapO.IJ.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB1>p1K,l1.aBa, qe Hee 'A06pe 3a CaMHTe yMpeJIH
.l\8 ce IIJiatJe H T'b}KH M HOf0 no THX, 38lll.OTO C'bJ13HTe, KOHTO npOJIHBaMe,
pa3M'bTBaJIH B0.IJ.8Ta HM, ta He MOraT .n.a TIIUIT B0.D.HUa H .n.a CH pa3XJia-
.l\HT ycTaTa. (Ba6a 81>JIKaHa. TieHeBHUa, c. JlH'FaKoso, OpxaHHHCKO.)
T.st MH np0.l\HKTyaa CJie.[\HaTa neceH, B K0HT0 ce orJie.n.Ba TyH Hap 0.IJ.HO
BHpBaHe. M -Jia.n., CTOHH yMpHJI H ro 3aKonaJIH; .TOH 6HJI e,IJ.HH'tl'bK Ha
 328 ti H M H T 'b P M ·A P H H O B

p0)lHTeJIHTe CH II Te MHoro 'IlJI8K8JJH no· Hero. Haii-ceTHe TOH ce tHUIBa

Ha cecTpa cu -6J1Jia Pa.llyHa, ·H H nopo11an cJie)J.HaTa nopoKa:·

CecTpo JJe, 6e.t1a Pa)lyHo! )la nHeM Bo)la cTyAeHa,

Ila Jta>KeIII, cecrpo, Ha 'f~Ta,
Ha TaTa 0l.lle H8 MaMa: .
Ha. TaTa - )la. ce o6poCHe,
Ha MBMa - .) la ce onepe,
H Kopna )la CH 3a6paJlH,
A ·TH3e )I.a ce -OMHem,
11 xocaT.a ita CH 0IIJieTeIII.
4e raTo noi1AeM c APY>KHtta,
BcHllKHTe n11.HT BOJlHUa,
·A .Sl3e He Mora )la IIHH,.
3am.o Me MHOrO .>K8JIHTe,
)l(aJIHTe, om.e nJia·qeTe.
Kora npHH)la )la nHH,
Bo)laTa MH ce pa3M'bTBa
OT BaIIIHTe C'bJI31i ropew.H.

Cps. eapHauT e C6HY, XVI - XVII, 120, Co~HikKo.

TaH neceH ,llHecKa ce· nee Ha .>K'bTBa.
BapHaHT B AT. l1J1., N2229, B KOHTO ce pa3Ka3Ba, 11e CTOHH yM-
pHJI 11 6yJIKaTa MY MHoro nJiaKaJia 3a Hero. Toft II ce SIBHJI H if Ka3aJI JJ.a
npecTaHe~ 3-aW.OT0 OT HeHHHTe >KaJI6H ,llyillaTa MY, KOHT0 6HJia a paH,
XB'bpJIHJIH H -B Il'bK'bJia. .
Hapo,llHOTO BHpa,aHe TB'bp,llH, qe C'b06m.aBaHeTO Me.>K)J.y M'bpTBHTe
H JKHBHTe CTaBa u:e caMO 11pe3 CoHyBaHe, HO om.e H qpe3 BH,lleHHe H
T0BOpeHe.
11MaJio e CJiyllaH, K0raT0 CHHKaTa Ha yMpeJIHH ce HBHBaJia Ha )l0-
MaIIIHHTe H HM e roBOpHJia H .zr.aBaJia HJIH HHKaKBH rropoKH, HJIH rH
e npe.zr.ynpeJK)J.BaJia .zr.a ce Il83H'f OT HHKaKBa CH 6JIH3Ka HanacT, HJIH
OT 3JIO)leHHHeTO, KpoeHO 38 THX OT HHK8K'bB TexeH pO,llHHHa HJIH .zr.pyr
110BeK. Ea6a CToeHHUa, c. Ea-nsaHUJI, TopHoBcKo, MH rroco11H HHKOJI-
Ko cJiy11aH; 6a6a He.zr.a, c. Ta6a11Ka, PyceHcKo, 6a6a Caaa HaaHHU.a,
c. nHJia CnaTHHa, 6a6a Pyca Cnaaoaa, c. KHIIHJIOBO, 6a6a Pa.zr.a,
C. TopHOBO, XacKOBCKO, H .np. TOJKe MH ITOCOllHXa BC.HKa ·no e)J.HH-,llB8
CJJytJ:aH. .
Hapo.zr.HOTO B.HpBaHe YTB1>p:>1<.zr.aaa, qe M'bpTBHTe MOraT H OT rpo6a
JJ.a rrporoaopHT B HHKOH CJIY1IaH. TaKHBa ce pHcyBaT B Hap0,llHHTe HH
neCHH.
TaKaBa rreceH HH pa3Ka3B8 CJie)J.HaTa <;Jiy11Ka. 51HHKa (B JJ.pyrH
necHH .51HHUa) IlJiaKaJia Ha)J. rpo6a Ha yMpeJIHH CH M'b}K CTOHHa H
Hape.>1<.zr.aJia:

- qyem JIH, An6e, Bif)lHIII JIH? AJia He Mora )la CTBHa~

JlH6e TH nJJaqe Ha rpo6a, lJopHa Me 3eMH npHTHCKa.
MaiiKa TH K)'Ka no )lB0pH, ToHKa Ma cnara MYXJIHCa,
JleTe TiH IlHLU,H B'bB JIIOJIK8, 3MH.S MH OtIH uanii."'..a.
1
KoHqe TH UBHJIH B KOHIOWHH? BoB KOCa MH rHe3)J.O 38BH.ria;
CT3,ll0 TH 6Jiee a'ooopH. lllapH 3MHH1I~Ta H3DeJia.
CTOHJl if npo)lyMaJI OT rpo6a: CTaHH CH, JIH6e, OTH.llH,
- 11 11yeM. JIH6e, H BH)lHM, CTitra l\'lH Belle )lOXO>K,ll8H,
HA POP .HA Bf{P A 329
CTHra 'CH Ha rpo6a ITJJaKaJia. AKo CH JJH6e HaMe pmu,
CTa,llOTO HAeTe, npO,ll3HTC, CTo.ffHOBa, JIH6e, npHJIHKa,
K<>Hlle MH HAH, xapH>KH 11 Hero CTO.ffH Aa K33BaT.
l1 TH ce, JIH6e, o:meHH,
, II, 56, N2,l, c .
Ba6a Bo.rIKaHa, c. JIHTaKoso. Cps. aapnaHTHTe C6HY
81, Ml2; VII, 117, N!!l 1, Pa3JIO JKK0-THR no-
.UyraH oao, Ax'bplfene6HHCKo; IV,
ome: C6HY , IX, 54,
cne.D,HHTe HornpaHH H BJie3Ha.,rn Karo xopoeoJl.Hl.f. Cpe.
KoHyw Ko, 60, KpHso pe 1rna na.JiaHKa H XVI- XVII , 94,
.N'2 11. ·

He e 6HJIO,
Ila TOBa HCTHHa JIH e? ·- 38IlHT ax 6a6a BoJIK aHa. ,,.LI.a
He 6H ce HH IlHJIO" - OTfOBOJ)H TH.
AeTo yMpe -
HapOAHOTO BHpB8He p83K8 3B8 H 38 TaKHB8 CJiyllaH,
IH OTA8BHa,
JIHTe MOraT A8 H3Jie3HaT H3 rpo6a , MaKap H Aa ca yMpeJ
CBOJt.. Te, KOHTO
.na 3eMaT Cplll.HH CH HHKo rallleH o6pa3 , A8 OTHA8T npH
.na ce B'bpHaT
He 3H8HT 38 THXHaTa CM'bpT, AB HM C'b06lll.HT Hemo H naK ·
B rpo6a .
HMaJia ce-
TaK'hB cJiyqa fl. pa3Ka 3Ba eAHa HapoAHa rreceH. 51HKa
ce onJiaK aJia 38
.zteM 6paTH , KOHTO H A8JIH MHOfO H8L(8Jieqe, KoraT O TH
TOBa., HaH-CTapHHT ii Ka3aJI:

He).leH' ce~Tp o, .na nJiatJ elll,

HHe CMe 6p8TH CeAMlrna;
no BeAH'b>K Aa TH OTHAeM,
MHor o me TH AOTerHeM, '
A KaMO JI~ Aa IlQBTOpHM.
K3TO H3Jie-
51HKa ce ytelllH Jia H OTHlllJl8 38 AaJieKOTO MHCTO. Ho
ceAeMTe H 6paTH
3HaJia H3 K'blll.H, qepH a tJyMa yAapH Jia, Ta H.3MOpHJia
C'bC ceAeM Te CH8XH H Aeua , a OCTaHaJia CaMo M8HK
a H, KOHTO B nycTH Te
5IHK8 He 3H8HJia
.naopH, o6pac JIH C neJIHH, KyKa Jia KaTO KYKYBH-Ua.
KOHTO H ,U.aJI .
HHUl,O H IlOCTOHliHO TIJiaKaJia H KJieJia H8H-CTapHH CH 6paT,
TOJIKOB8 AaJietJe. Bory tta>KaJieJio H TOH P.HrHaJI 6paTa
ii, KOHTO OTHlll'hJI
8JJ rrpH cecTp 8
npH cecTp a CH .na H 3aBe,u.e rrpH M3HK8 HM. -TOH CTHfH
TOJIKOBa 6J1e.u.,
CH H TH ro nocpe mHaJ ia H }18fOCTIIJla. KaTO ~o BH)J..8JI8
Jia:
a .npeXHTe MY MHpH lll8T_Ha nJiece H,, TH ro TIHTa

38.U.(o CH, 6paTe , T'bH 6JieAeH-,

3amo TH .npexH MHPHlll8T Ha nJieceH?
A TOH ii oTroa opHJI , qe e 6JieAeH, 38lll.OTO Jie>KaJI 6oJieH, a Ap.ex H-
Te 6HJIH CKpHBaHH B 3eMHT8.
OKH, AeBeT IlOJIH
TporH aJIH 38 )J.OMa; MHH8JIH ca .u.eser peKH A'hJIO
O. Kpafl ceJIOTO ca
nrnpO KH, .neseT ropH BHCOKH ·H CTHrH aJIH B ceJIOT
TflX, KaTo Ka3aJI
rpo6u w.ara : Karo CTHrHaJIH )1.0 TflX, TOH ce OTOHJI B
a My BJI.H3Jia
Ha cecTpa CH Aa B'bpBH B ceJIOTO, _TOH me .ff CTHrHe. Cecrp
aJia Ha ABop a
B ceJioTo, a 6par H BJie3HaJI naK a rpooa . Karo CTHrH
aa no3 HaJia :
BHJJ,HJia ro oqpac oJI c neJIHH H Maii~ a CH, lie KYK_a . Tora
330 a HM H T 1, .P M A P H H 0 -B

'le K'blll.aTa HM 3anycT.SIJla. TH BHK_H aJia H~ M;!HKa CH .na craHe ,Aa ff OT-:-
B0pH. Maf1Ka H cTaHaJia H Karo BH.llSIJia, 11e e Jl'bJJJ.epH if, )KHBH ce npe..
ropHaJIH, M'bpTBH ce nyJJJ.HJIH. (J,fa c6opHHKa MH or 6a6a KoHa TTerKoaa.
Cps. sapHaHTa B C6HY, VIII, 135.)
MopTBHTe ce HBHBaT BCHKOra B TOBa o6JieKJIO, B Koero ca 33KO-
Il3HH. (Ba6a To.nopa, c. JlHraKoBo, OpxaHHHCKo.)

3. O31CU8JUJaHe Ha .M.1'pmBume

Mo)Ke JIH MbP.TBHHT .ua O)KHBee? .

,,Koraro rocno.n HJJJ.e - MO)Ke" - orroaopH 6a6a ,Uecna, c.
llepeMaXJie, H noco11H Ha e,u.HH or.nasHaIIIeH cJiy11aH a 6JIH)KHOTO ceJio
,llepeKbOH, 3a •KOHTO cJiy11aH ce npHKa3BaJio, KaK e.UHH, ·Karo YM.pHJI,
OTHeJIH ro B U'bpKBaTa, HO noHe)Ke 6HJIO MHOrO K'bCHO, He ro 3aKonaJIH ►
a 0C'.1'3BHJIH ro B U'bpKBaTa .ua npeHoJJJ.yBa . .lleuara MY H )KeHa· My C
HHKOH OT pO,U.HHHHTe ce.uHaJIH .na seqepHr.TTcerara H3JI3HJIH,HO MJl'bKHa-
JIH H ce YMHJIKBaJIH - 3~aK, qe B .llBOpa BJie3H3JI CBOH, Il03H3T 'IOBeK.
Bparara Ha K'blll.3T3 ce OTBOpHJIH H B K'bIIJ.H BJie3H3JI M'b)K'bT H. Bci-lllKH
. ,H36.HraJIH OT .npyrHTe Bpara, a B K'bIIJ.H OCTaHaJIH CaMO ,L{euara, KOHT0,
Karo MaJIKH H He 3HaHJIH crpax, nocpern.HaJIH 6arn.a CH H ce npHJienHJIH
npH Hero, Karo BHpBaJIH, qe 6ama HM· ce Bp'bJJJ.3JI OT ffbT, ' KaKT0 HM
6HJIH 06.HCHHJIH: ,,Tare BH OTHBa Ha Il'bT H naK JJJ.e ce B'bpHe." CJie,n MaJI-
K0 )J.0IIIJIH ceJIHHH: KOH C JJ.'bpBO, KOH C 6pa,l1.Ba, 33 )la npe6HHT BaM-
nHpa, H yMpeJIHHT TpH6BaJIO e .ua ynorpe6H . roJieMH ycHJIHH 11 y6e-
)K)J.eHH.H, 11e He e aaMnHp, a npocro ce cn6y.UHJI H Karo ce BH)J.HJI Ha
H0CUA0, a caH.ll'hK, pa36paJI, 11e ro semi 3a yMp.HJI.
TTocJie roii pa3Ka3aJI· no,npo6Ho KaKso e craHaJio c Her0,K'b)le e
XO)J.HJI C aHreJia H KaK ,nyIIIaTa MY ce B'bpHaJia naK B T.HJIOT0.
TyK H~aMe cJiyt1aH 3a npeHeceH qoseK, a He yMpHJI.
CnJJJ.O raK'hB cJiyt1aH MH pa3Ka3axa H a c. )l(eJIHBa, Goq>HHcKo, 3a
HHK0H CH MapH~. MHTKosa, KOHT0 Ha BeJIHKJJ.eH 1894. r. yMj)HJia H
IlOCJie naK O)KHB.HJia . H pa3K3383Jl3 11y,1J;HH Helli.a, · lll.O 6HJia BH.llHJia.
HapOJJ.HOTO B.HpBaHe YTBbp)KJI.383 ome, lie HM3JIO )KHBa BOJI.a.
K0HTO HMa TaH CHJia: Karo ce IlOJiee yMpeJIHHTC HeH, TOH Q)KHBHBaJI.
(Ba6a PaJJ.a .ToHhOBa, c. TopHoao, XacKoscKo, 6a6a ,lloHa Y3yH-
HHKOJiosa, c. lllHnKa. C6HY, X, 87, CepcKo.)

B. 3A,U rPOBA, OH51 CB51T

1. fl1,myBaHemo 11,a oyiuama

Ko.ne norysa .nyIIIara H KaKeo crasa c HeH?

Karo CTaHe paBHeHeTO Ha rpo6a Ha tieTHpH.neceTH~ .neH H K-aTO
ce npoCTlf' C .llOMaIIIHHTe, po,nHTe~rnre H CBeTa 3a IlOCJie)J.eH Ill>1', 11.y-
mara rporea 3a OHR CBR.m.
HaH-Hanpe.n MHHaBa npe3 e)J.HO nycro none, ,IJ.ero BJia,nee Henpo-
 HAPO,l!H A BJlPA 33 I
HHU,aeM MpaK, T'bMHHUa. AKO ·H HMa ceeru., ..ZJ.yrnaTa ce CKHTa H3 TbMHH-
uaTa H He MO>Ke ,Zl.a onpaBH IlbTH.3aTOB a Hall. yMpeJIHH naJIHT CBeIII.H
H e~Ha ceem. MY ,Zl.aBaT B pbKaTa. C TaH csem TOH CH .CBeTH B T~MHH-·
uaTa. a .ZJ.pyrHTe ceeru.H ca Hape,Zl.eHH H3 IlbTH My KaTO <peHepH H TOK
n'bTyea B'bB BH.ZJ.eJIHHa. (Ba6a ,ll.par.atta, 6a6a KaJIHHKa, c. Ilo.ZJ.eec,
KapHo6aTC KO, 6a6a Mop<pa, c. ,lJ.epeKbOH, 6a6a TTetta Heattosa, c.
CeMHcqe, XacKoecKo , 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJisaHU.H, T'bpHoscKo , H .ZJ.p.)
Karo H3MHHe T'bMHHUaTa, HacT.aJL.ZJ.pyro ny,cTo noJie, no-KpaTKO
H o6paCJIO C.f'bCTO TpbHe H fJIO>Ke; HHH,Zl.e Il'bTeKa HHMa, a TpH6Ba P,a
C ra3H H3 Tp'bHeTo. ·AKO He e o6yT B o6yma HJIH U.bpByJIH, TOH. Mbll.ffO
1.jO>Ke ,Zl.a Il'bTyBa, 3alll.OTO KpaKaTa MY CTaBaT caMo KpbB. 3aTosa Ha·
pOP.HOTO B.HpBaHe npenop1>qe a yMpeJIHHT .ZJ.a ce He 3aKonsa 6e3 o6yma .
AKO ,ll.OMalllHHTe ca 3a6paBHJIH .D.a ro o6y.HT HJIH . KoraTO ro cnycHaT B
rpo6a, 3eJIH ca ·o6ym.aTa,T aK'bB ce BP'blll.3 OT Il'bTSI CH H ce SIB.HBa Ha .ZJ.O-
M3lllHHTe .ZJ.a ro o6yHT. (Ba6a B'bJI.KaHa, c. JlHTaKoeo, 6a6a MHTpa,
c. BeJIHUa (fpo3eBH KornapH), HxTHMaHcKo, 6a6a ,ll.o6pa- H 6a6a MapHH,
c. Te'bp.ZJ.Hua.)
KaTO MHHe H TOBa IIOJie, .ZI.YlllaTa CTHra .Zl.0 e,n.Ha lllHpOKa H )].'bJI6o-
Ka peKa, ,Zl.eTo e eeqe .rpaHHUaTa ~e>K.ZJ.y TOH H OHR CB.HT. TyK CIIHpaT
BC~Ka .ZJ.yrna H rJie,zx.aT Ha Te<pTep: ,Zl.3JIH TH Hee 6HJia KaTO qoeeK H3e.ZJ.~
HHK, y6Hiiua, xaH.ZJ.YK, MarhOCHHUa, Kypea H npoqee Te)K'bK rpernHHK;
T)'K r Jie,Zl.aT .l{aJIH .ZlylllaTa He e Ha caMoy6Heu , Ha y,n.aBHHK. AKO ce BH,ll.H
B Te<pTepa, qe e 6HJia TaKaBa - Bp'blll.3T H ,Zl.a ce CKHTa H3 nyCTHTe II~-
JieTa• H T'bMHHUaTa . TaKaBa .ZI.Ylll3 CTaBa IlJl'bTeHHK, B'bpKoJiaK H .ZJ.J) .•
M'bllH ce .l{'bJifO epeMe, .l{O,Zl.eTO IIOH3KYIIH rpexoeeTe, H TOraea H nym,aT
.ZJ.a MHHe peKaTa. (Ba6a Bop6a fHHeea, c. PeceH, TopHoecxo .)
TyK cnHpaT H Te3H, KOHTO ca 6HJIH ,ZI.JI'b)KHH, a He ca TIJiaTHJIH
)].Jl'b)KHHHaTa CH. 3aTOBa TaK'bB yMp.HJI ce HBHBa Ha .ZJ.OM3llIHHTe CH H r~
MOJIH ,Zl.a 33IIJI3T.HT .l{'bJl)KHMaTa cyMa. J1 .ZJ.O.ZJ.e TH.ff He 38IIJI3THT, He fH
nym;aT. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH.) .
PekaTa ce MHHaea Ha JIO.UKa; 3a .ZJ.a npeee3aT .l{ylllaTa, TH TpH6-
ea..z~a 3a11JI.an1. 3aToBa .l(aBaT Ha. yMpeJIHH B poKaTa napH HJIH XBopra:r
B rpo6a: ,,3a .ZJ.a HM a 3a II'hT, .l(a ro npeee3aT npea peKaTa." (Ba6a
CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a ,ll.ecna H 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHoB-
CKO , 6a6a fHua, c. JleTHHua; . JlostJaHcKo , 6a6a Kepa, c. TonJiew,
r a6pbBCKO H .ZI.P.)
HaH-IIOCJie npeBO3'bT e 33IIJiaTeH H .Zl.ylliaTa B JIO,l(KaTa npeMHHaBa
peKaTa; om.e OT.l(aJieqe BCHKa .l(ywa BH>K.l(a Ha OTT3T'bllIHHSI 6p.Hr CBOHTe
.z:t06pH HJIH JIOllIH ie.na. ,llo6pHTe ,lleJia XBopqaT KaTo 6eJIH f'bJI'h6H, a JIO-
WHTe - KaTO qepHH BpaHH .
.llo6pHTe .l(eJia ca: MHJIOCTHH.ff, KO~TO e npaBHJia Ha B.l(OBHUH, CH-
pauH H CHpOMacH; aKO e npH6paJia Il'bTHHK ,lla npeHow.yaa HJIH ro Ha-
xpaHHJia H HaIIOHJia; 6oJIHH aKO noceTHJia H HarJie,llaJia; aKO HSIKOr.o-
OTKYilHJia HJIH Ha6aBHJia oT HanacTH H np. np • .ll06pH .l(eJia. THH I"hJI'hOH
nocpem.aT .l{ywaTa C pa,AOCT H C MHJIHO ryryKaHe (neCHH) H Il'hTyBaQ' C
HeSl:B'bB BelJHH.ff }KHBOT. ETQ 33W.0 HMa npHK33Ka, KOSIT0 yqH: ,,Hanp.8B.H
 332 J!HMHT7,P MAPHHOB

Jl06po' rra ro XB'bp~H :a .ll'bHOtO Ha MopeTo; TO naK lll,e Te HaMepH, aKo

He Ha TOH' 'FO Ha iOHH CBHT." ,,EJJ.HO JIY KOBO nepo, e)J.Ha qam~ BO.z:ta, .a KO
CM'e ;D;aJIH C p'bKa ll f()T C"bpue,. TaM me 6'b)laT" - Ka3a 6a6a CTOeHHUa,
c.· BaJIBa.HUH, T'bp.HOBCKO. ·
THH f'bJI'b6H~XB'bp'laT C JJ.ylllaTa H KaUBaT .Ha mepe3uume, KOf~TO
w.e Mepsi.T Ao6poro, .KOeTo e TH npaBHJia. (Ba6a .llecna H 6a6a B'bp6a,
c. -PeceH, T'bpHoBcKo, 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHHUa, c. To.D.IOBUH, EJieHcKo.)
KaTo MHHe peKaTa H ua;ieaHe Ha 6pera, JJ.ylllaTa, npH.Apy.}KeHa OT
aHreJIH H JlHa01lH, a TaKa H OT f'bJI'b6HTe H OT BpaHHTe -. f'bJI.'b6HTe
XB'bpqaT c .aHreJia, a BpaHHTe C JJ.HBOJia, _· CTHra JJ.O Bp~TaTa Ha BelJHO-
CTTa. Tyx HM8 BpaTa, npea KOHTO TpH6Ifa Jl8 ce MHHe, a TaH BpaTa e
CTJ)a.>Kap.HHUa, )leTO ce TerJIHT .no6pHTe H JIOillHTe .neJia Ha BCHKa Jlyllla.
EAHOTO 6JIIOA0 e o6opHaTO K'bM paH - H3TOK CJI'bHUe, AP.YfOTO K'bM
n1>K'hJia - 3aX0.ZJ. CJI'hHUe. llylllaTa aacTaHe noA 6JI10Jl·aTa, i106pHTe ~
)leJJa KaUiKaT Ha JlHCHOTO 6JIIOJlO, a JIOillHTe Ha JIHBOTO. KoeT0.6JIIO)J.O
HaTerHe, T8M(i) JlylllaTa OTHBa. AKO HaTerHe AHCHOTO 6JIIOAO, JlHBOJl'bT
H BpaHHTe H3mlfBaT C'bC CK'bpUaHe 3'b6H H rpaqeHe, a aHfeJIHTe H
6eJIHTe f'bJI'b6H .H _ OKp'b>KaT, XBp'bKB8T Harope K'bM paH. HaTerHe
JIH· JIHBOTO 6JIJO.l{'0, aHr~JI'bT H 6eJIHTe f'bJI1i6H C nJiaq ce OTCTpaHHBaT,
a J.J.HBOJI'bT H BpaHHTe SI OKp'b>KaBaT H KaTo H crpa6qsaT, 3aBJIH'laT
'----
H K'bM AOJIHHH CBHT, )leTO e Il'bK'bJI'bT C TapTopa, a)J,a-HeCHTa H BelJeH
or1>H . (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. . BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a B1>p6a fHHeBa H 6a6a
)lecna, c. PeceH~ T1>pH0BcHo, 6a6a Kepa,c. Tonnelll, fa6poBcKo, 6a6a
nparaHa, c ..MapH_H, . EJieHCKO, 6a6a Pyca CJiaBOBa, c. KHnHJIOBO,
6a6a PaJJ.a, c. T1>pHoao, XacKoBcKo. Cps. C6HY, XII, 124, BHToJicKo.)

2. PaHm
K'hJJ.e e paHT H KaK1>B e?
. HapOJJ.HOT~ BHpBaHe npe)J.CT8BJIHBa paH KaTO rpaJJ.HHa MHOro
xy"6aBa, C BCHK£l"KB·H UBeTH H JJ.1>pBeTa, C qelllMH H H3B0pH, )J.eTO e
Be11Ha npoJieT . H H OCTBeTJIHBa e)J.HO MHoro fOJIHMO CJI'bHUe. B pail ce
11yHT xy6aBHTe ileCHH Ha aHreJIHTe,KaKBllTO H Haii-xy6aaaTa MY3HKa
He Mo>Ke JI.a CB,HpH. (Ba6a B.'hp6a fHHeaa, qepKOBHa 6a6a, c. PeceH.)
Pa.HT e Ha n'hpBaTa JJ.HnJia Ha He6eTo, a no-Harope, Ha ropHHTe
)lHnJIH ca a~reJIHTe H caeTUHTe, a Rafi-rope e rocnoJJ..
B paH OTHBaT npaee)J.HHTe.
Te ca ' KaTO ceHKH, o6JielleHH B 6HJIO. TaM ce He >KeHHT, HH HJJ.aT,
HH IlHHT. )l(eHaTa )KffBee C Il'bpBHH CH M'b.>K, a M'b}K'bT - C Il'bpBaTa CH
JKeHa.AKo MOM'hK e aeJI BJJ.OBHUa, HJIH BJJ.oeeu-MoMa, MOM'bK'bT H MoMaTa
ca cnyrHHH. (6a6a Kepa )l(eJJH3Koaa, c. BanaaH.) .
Tipe.z:t JJCHKOI'.O e CJJO.>KeHo TOBa, lll,O-e caM .z:taJI C p'bKa, H TOBa, Koe-
ro nocJie CM'bpTTa MY .z:tOMalllHHTe pa3.z:taeaT 3a JJ.ylllaTa MY. Toaa cJio)KeHo
TOH He fl,Ae, HH nHe, HO IlOM~ra MY MHOro, aKo e s Il'bK'bJla. 3aTOBa ce
H npaBHT npuHocume H aaoywi-tul{ume~ (6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJieaHUH,
6a6a B'hp6a fHlleea, c. PeceH, T'bpHoBcKo, 6a6a Pyca Cnasoaa, c.
KnnHJ10e0, 6a6a MHqa HnHiiqeea, c. Ko3ap BeneHe, Csm.1toscKo.)
HAPOJJ.HA Bf/PA 333
3. fl1,w61t7im

ll7JK7JA7'm HJIH aaa-1-tecuma, ee'U-la M'lJKa, n'lJKAomo.

Toaa e M'bKaTa, B KO'HTO ce M'b'laT )J.HBOJflITe H TeXHHHT rJiaaaTap
TapTOp'bT. TaMO OTHBaT Hr p e Ill H H Te .A y ill H, Ta H3ITJI;llll.3T
CBOHTe rpexoae, H M'bKaTa H.HMa KpaH, HHMa,AOB'bpurnaHe, 38TOBa ce
"Ka3aa ae'llia M'hKa. (Ba6a <l>HJia, c. BeJIH:Ua, XacKoacKo, 6a6a BoJIKa-
Ha, c._ JlHTaKOBO.)
TioK'bJI'bT He MO)Ke .zr.a ce HaCHTH HH C BO;ZJ.a, HM! C xopa, a TIOCTO.HH-
HO mm.1.H; 3aToaa ce Ka3Ba H a.zr.a-HecHTa. (Ba6a. <l>HJia, 6a6a Pa.na, 6a-
6a BoJIKaHa.)
TioK'bJI'bT HJIH TI'bKJIOTO e B )J.OJIHIUI CBHT " :m· Hero ropH aeqeH
or'hH, KOHTO IlOCTOHHHO ce TIO)J.KJia>K.zr.a C KaTpaH,KOH'llQ!Ce H3JIHBa B'bTpe .
(Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH H 6a6a Bop6a, c. _PeceH, Topttoacko.)
Ha )J.'bHOTO Ha Il'bK'bJia e TapTOp'bT' a Ha.A Hero H: OKOJIO Hero ca
rpelllHHTe .AYlllH, HaB'bp3aHH Ha CHH)J.>KHpH. TipH TapTopa ce M'bqaT
HeMHpocaHHTe, MarbOCHHUHTe, aem.HUHTe, 6pO.LI.HHUHTe - KOHTO ca
.npyr3;pyaaJIH c )J..SIBOJiaom.e Ha 3eMJIHTa. (Ba6aCToeHHUa, c.BaJIBaHUH.
6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHoBcKo.) ·
Tio-Harope B. pe.zr.a ca .zr.pyrHTe rpelllHH )J.ynrn,cnope.A rpexoBeTe CH.
BcHqKHTe·· rpelllHH .n.yurn no MOJI6aTa Ha cB. Boropo.AHUa ce
ocao6o>KJJ.aBaT OT M'bKaTa caMO Be)J.H'b.>K B ro~HHaTa -· OT BeJIHKH qe-
TB'bpTI>K, na .zr.o Ca. TpoHua; nocJie naK n1 3aTaapHT· H Bp'h3BaT B cHH-
.lI.>KHpH .zr.o rO)J.Hiia.
· B n'hK'hJia r p e Ill H H T e KHnHT: e.nHH ..no KOJieHa, .ApyrH _.ZJ,o
IlOHca, TpeTH )J.O ryrnaTa, a qeTB'bpTH XHq ce He BH)K,lI.aT-BCHqKJI cnope.ZJ,
ceoHTe rpexoee. ·

EJJ.HH AYlllH rop51T AO KOJieHa, 3aTaopHHUH He ca 0TnyI.1J.~JI11.;

.llpyrH AYlllH rop.HT AO rro51ca,
TpeTH JlYlllH ropHT .zr.o paMeHe,
11 HM ropH KOCa H8 fJJaBaTa·,
5I qeTB'bpTH XfflI ce H He BH.>K)J.aT.
III.OTO rop.HT .zr.ywH .zr.o KOJieHa,
TH.H He . ca 6ora JIOlIHTaJIH,
CTapa MaHKa He ca JIOlIHT3JIH,
Tipocsm,H He ca AapyeaJIH,
TioTHHUH He ca npHrJie)J.BaJIH,
Ha TeJiqa pH MJieKo He )J.aBaJIH,
CHpatieTa He ca rroAOHBaJIH;
3aTyH rop.HT Ty Ka )IO KOJieHa.
lII.OTo ropHT AYlllH AO nm1ca·,
Tim 6ora He ca nollHTaJIH,
CTap·H 6am.H He ca no4HT8JIH,
J,fa c6opHHKa MH •6T 6a6a 8'bJIK3Ha, c. Jl.HTaxoso. G::pu. C6HY
N2 8, Coq>HifCKo.
3aTyii rop.SIT TyKa · AO noHca.
THH, I.l.J.OTO ropHT ..no - paMeHe.
THR AYlllH B'bpJIH C8MOBHJIH.
CaMOBHJIH, B'bpJIH M'bfbOCHHUH.
II.Ip ca CTOKa JIIOTO M8fbOCBaJIH,
MarhOCB8JIH, MJieKO o6upaJIH
11 Ha HHBiil XJie6a o6HpaJrn;
lUo ca Meceu Ha 3eM.H caaJI.HJIH,.
lUo ca CJI'hHUe · Ha 3eMH caaJI.HJIH;
11 Ha 6ora 6HJIH Ha.zr.eJieJI H.
lUoTo ropHT, Ta XHll ce H He BIDK,ll_aT
THH BCl-f'LKH ca.KaJ!.yrepn H QOilOBe,
3aKOH 6m1.rn B'bB poue .zr.op)KaJIH
Ho 3aKmIa ue ca nO'lHTaJIH'
H1-J Hapo,na -1rn· 3aKoH ytJHJII-i~
II 27
' ' •
 334 JZHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

B Il'bK'bJia ropHT rpernHHTe H ce M'b'laT 33 BO)J.a, 33TOBa Hapo.ztHOTO

BHpBaHe npenopo'IBa rpo6oaeTe JI.a ce npeJIHBaT K0JIKOT0 MO>Ke no.
'llecTo H c noae11e B0JJ.a. 3aw.oTo, KOJIK0TO BOJI.a ce HlJ.lee Ha r -p o6a, TOJI·
Ko BOJI.a ce H3Jiee Ha ·~yrnaTa B noK'bJia. (6a6a KaTepHHa, c. PHJia.
Cpa. C6HY, XII, 268-269, c . .llocneii, CaMoKoacKo.)
B Il'bK'bJia KyqeTO HOCH BO)I.a, Ta 'racH Of'bHH no)]. Ka3aHa, B KOH·
TO ropH CT0naHHH'bT MY' a KOTKaTa HOCH JI.'bpBa H JI.yxa Of'bHH )I.a ropH
no-CHJIHO. (6a6a CToeHHUa, c. 6aJIB3HUH, TopHOBCKo:)
3a IlOJJO>KeHHeTo Ha H3e,ll.HHUHTe, HeMHJI0CTHBHTe H rpa6HTeJIHTe
HH fOBOpH CJie,ll.HaTa neceH: .

Bo>Ka M3HKa, EoropOJI.HUa, Ilo coq>pa HM npoCT H neneJI•

rocnoJJ.y ce noMOJIHJia: }J CHp8UH, CHpOMaeH
.,,OTaopH MH, 60>1<e, paH, 11 B)J.OBHUH C'be JJ.e'IHUa,
.lla CH BH.llH 6oJIHPHTe, Coe 6oKJIHUH 3arpaJJ.eHH,
BoJIHPHTe, 6oraTHTe, Coe Tpane3H o6rpaJJ.eHH,
lllo ca HJIH CH poMallIKO, Ha Tpane3H MeJJ. H MJIHK0.
CHpOM3WKO H CH paUJKO, 6oJIHpHTe, 6oraTHTe,
lUo ca HJIH CHp0THHH. AfHJIHO MOJJSIT CHpOM.aCW
.lla CH BH)J.Sl CHpOM3CH, - Oft: eHpauH, eHpoMaeH,
CHpOM3CH H B.ll0BHUH, CHpOM3CH H B)J.0BHUH, .
J1 B.ll0BHUH C'bC CHpauH. .llaiiTe H HaM'. e Bae )I.a H.zteM,
OrBo PH MH )lOJIHa 3eMJIH C Bae JI.a H.zteM B31IIH ro36H.
na· CH B11.ll.H KaKBO Sl)l3T, C Bae .zta H.zteM, c Bae .l{a nHeM.
KaKBo HJJ.aT, KaKBO nHHT." OTroaap.HT eHp0MaeH,
OT~opH ce JJ.0JIHa 3eMJIH, CHpOMaCH H CHpauH:
.ll.oJIHa 3eMJIH C'bC Il'bK'bJia, - · Oft: 6oJIHpH, oft: 6oraTH,
Toptta 3eMJISl C 60.>Ka paH. Oft: 6oJIHpH, eKonepHllUH,
Eo.JrnpHTe, 6oraTHTe, 1-fae.nHHUH, rpa6HTeJIH,
BoraTHTe CK'bnepHHUH, BH en~ SlJIH, BH CTc nHJIH:
Hi3e.ztHHUH, rpa61ueJIH, f 036a HJIH . - H31II3 M'bK3,
C .MepMep KBMHK 3arpa.zteHH, BH.HO IlHJIH - H8lllH (. 'bJ13H.
J,fa c6opnHKa MH OT 6a6a B1>JIKaHa, c. JIHTaKOBO. Cps. C6HY, I, 26, N2l,
AXotJeJTe6HJiCKO.

B M'bKaTa ce M'b'laT H BJia,ll.HUH, H nonoBe, KaJiyrepH H JJ.YXOBHHUH,

K0HT0 ca HMaJIH aaK0H 60.>KH B poueTe, HO He ca ro H~Il'bJIHSIBaJIH, He
ca ro JJ.op>KaJIH, a H ttapo.na He ca ytJHJIIL 11 KOJIKOTO no•BHcoKo ca
CT0HJIH, T0JIK0 no.-JI.oJI6oKo B M'bKaTa ca na.u.HaJIH: BJiaJJ.HUHTe Ha-H-JJ.<>JIY,
a Ha)I. THX ca nom;>Be, Ka~1yrepH H JJ.YXOBHHUH.
EttHa nona,ZI.HH MHOfO )K8JIHJia .u.a BHJJ.H CBOH non )J.3JIH e B paH
HJIH B Il'bK'bJia . .lloJifO BpeMe ce M0JIHJia· Ha CB. Eor:opOJJ.HUa H e.ztHa HOW.
C'J>HyBaJia H BH)J.HJia nona. Toii 6HJI B Il'bK'bJia. KaT0 ro BH)J.HJia, nona·
JJ.HHTa Y.AHBeHa ro Il0ilHTaJia:
Ilone, Ta TH TyKa JIH?
- Enaro,AapH 6ora, qe C'bM cTonHJI Ha BJiaJJ.HKaTa Ha paMett.ere,
HAPO JZHA Bf[PA 335
Ta Me· B·IIJl:Hlll; a Ko He 6ewe BJiaJ]HKaTa, TH HHMallle . XHlJ: )I.a Me BHJJ.Hill.
(Ba6a· B'hp6a fHHeaa , t1epK0BHa 6a6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c .
BaJIBaHUH, H 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3 Koaa, c. BaJIBa H-Tbptt oacKo, 6a6a
To.n:opa n. XpHcTo aa, c. JlHTaKo ao, OpxaHHHCKo.)

4. H 3AU3aHemo Ha zpeumume u3 n ?JK7Jlla

fpelllHH Te, XBbpJieHH Be)J.Hb.>K B IlbKbJia , MOraT
Jllf ~a H3Jle3 H8T H3 Hero?
HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe Ha TOH Bbnpoc OTroaapH YTBbpJJ.HTeJIHO, HO
B TaKbB CMHCbJI H npH "TH.ff ycJIOBHH:
,,AKo )l.euaTa Ha YMpeJIHH, T. -e .. CHH0BeTe H JJ.bI.UepHTe, BHYUHTe
llJlH 6paTHTa,pa3)1.aBaT MHJIOCTHHH no CHpauH,IlO BJJ.OBHUH H CHpoMacH;
aKO Kynyaa T BOJIOBe Ha CHpOMacH; aKO npaBHT qeUIMH HJIH MOCT0Be H
H3H-·rJiaBHOTO, aKO IlOBbpH aT BCHIJKO, mo e orpa6HJ I yMpeJIHflT OT
H.HKoro, H aKO BCHIJKHTe orpa6eH H, OCKbp6eHH H onponac TeHH OT Hero
MY onpocT.HT, rpeUIHHHT MO>K_e )I.a H3Jie3He OT IlbKbJia " - 6eme OT-
0BOpbT Ha 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BanaaH UH, 6a6a Bbp6a, c. PeceH, TbpHoa -
cKo, 6a6a Pyca CJiaaoa a, c. KHnHJIOBo, 6a6a KaTepH Ha, c. PHJia,
)lynHHl llKO. Ho noHe.>Ke ca pHJJ.K0 TaKHBa .neua, TO HaH-JJ.o6poTo e
~oBeK ome npH>KHBe JJ.8 npaBH MHJI0CTHH.ff H JJ.06po, 3-aT0Ba HMa H
npHK83 Ka: ,,l.Uo JJ.8)1.e.110BeK C pbKaTa CH - TOBa ce H8MHpa Ha OH.ff
ca·.HT" - Ka3a 6a6a PaJJ.a, c. TbpHoB o, XacKoB cKo.
,,MHJIOCTHH.HTa, ;:r.o6pOTO H. 3aiJy'1!6UHama MHoro Il0Mara T Ha
yMpeJIHTe - 38T0Ba ce H npaBHT npHH0CHTe, 3aJJ.ylllHHUHTe; 38TOBa
CHHOBeTe pa3)1.aBaT napH, >KHTO H KynyBa T BOJIOBe Ha CHpoMaCHTe -
38 JJ.YlllHTe Ha yMpeJIHTe CH 6ama, MaHKa HJIH JJ..ff,!J.O; 3aT0Ba ce npaB.HT
qemMa, MOCT HJIH UbpKsa - ace naK 3a JJ.YlllaTa Ha yMpeJIHTe" - 6ellle
oTroaop 'bT Ha 6a6a MapHH , ~- TialllaKbOH, 5IM6oJicKo, 6a6a Kan.H, c.
K'h3'bKJIHce, Kb3'bJia ralIKO, 6a6a BeJIHKa, 6a6a CTO.H H 6a6a CTaHa,
c. PycoKa cTpo, Byprac Ko, 6a6a ,lloHa H 6a6a 11.aHa, c . lliHnKa , 6a6a
Jlo6pa H 6a6a Map1rn , c. TabpJJ.H Ua, H Ha ome MHoro JJ.p . .
.

5. B7'3KpeceHue 1-1,a M71pnwume

ll(e JJ.OH)J.e JIH HHKOra apeMe, I.UOTO JJ.YlllHTe Ha
yMpeJIH Te )I.a ce BbpHaT B KOCTHTe, qoaeu1n e · )I.a CTaHaT >KHBH?
TaKbB Bbnpoc 33JJ8)1.0X Ha HflK0JIK 0 .6a6H C ueJI )Ia BHJJ.H KaKBO
IlOHHTHe HMa Hap0JJ.H0T0 B.HpBaHe 0TH0CHTeJIHO BT0pOTO npmuec TBHe
ff Bb3KpeceHHeTO Ha M'bpTBHTe.
Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, 0Troaop11: ,,OT 6ora BCHtJKo MO.>Ke·
aKO M0>Ke M'bpTbB )I.a nporoao pH H3 rpo6a, aK0 MO.>Ke MopT'bB H )I.a H3:
rJie3He H3 rpo6a - KaKBOTO HH pa3Ka3BaT necmne , 3a~o )I.a He
MoraT H BCHlJKHTe MbpTBH )I.a. CTaHaT H3 rpo6oBe Te. Ho 33 He 3HaM."
Ba6a B -o p6a fHHeaa , 11epK0BHaTa 6a6a B c. PeceH, oTroao pu:
,,.llywaT a 0THBa HJIH B paH, HJIH B Il'bKnJia cnope.n: KaKB0T0 e npaBHJ ia.
336 11. H M H T 1, P M A P H· H O B

KaTo OTH,ll.e Ha He6oTo, HeSI He SI nyw.aT ToKy-nH pa H,ll.e, ,ll.eTo w.e,. Ho

MHHaBa npe3 H3IlHTHH-)leTo SI H3IlHTBaT, TerJISIT ,ll.06pHTe H JIOlllHTe pa6o-
TH H aKo H HaMepHT npaBe,ll.Ha, nyw.a'F H a paH, aKo JIH e rpenrna, npa-
w.aT H B Il'bK'hJia~ ,Ua ce Bp'blll,a nocJie, Ta JI.a ~ HaHOBO C'b,l].HT - TOBa
He 3HaM."
Ba6a To.ll.opa n. XpHcTosa, c. JlHTaKoBo, caMa nona,ll.HH, orroeo-
pH noqrH C'bllJ.OTO, HO MaJIKO KJIOHH K'bM IlOJIO.>KHTeJieH OTfOBop: ,,JI.y-
llJHTe OTHBaT a paS1 HJIH n'hK'bJia,Ho TOBa e speMeHHo. rocno.ll. w.e JlOHJle
BTOpH Il'bT .zu~ C'biJ.H BCHqKH, H npaBe,ll.HH, H rpellIHH. Tosa .w.e CTaHe,
w.oto ,ll.a 60)].aT o6HBeHH np_e,l]. ueJIHSI CBHT KaKTO J].06pHTe pa6oTH,TaKa
H JIOllJHTe Ha BCHKoro, Ta ,ll.3 BH,ll.HT BCHtIKH KOH KaKBO e npaBHJI H HH-
KOMy Te.>KKO ,ll.a Hee, qe ·e,ll.H-KOH CH e B paB, a e)lH-KOij CH ·B Il'bK'bJia."
,UpyrHTe 6a6H, Ha KOHTO 3a,ll.asax TOH Bnnpoc, JJ.Hraxa paMeHe H
Ka3saxa: ,,Tosa rocno)l 3Hae."

r. TIOH51THE 3A rP51X

1~ Kou pa6omu ca 2pewHU?

Ba6a Bnp6a fHHeBa, c. PeceH:
AKO CHH H3Il'b)lH 6aw.a CH HJIH" MaiiKa CH; aKO nocerHe )la y,ll.apH
6aw.a CH HJIH MaHKa CH; 8KO CHH HJIH Jl'bW.epH .zt.HrHe 6aw.a CH H·a C'b,n;· aKO
KyMeu He IIOtIHTa Kp'bCTH~Ka CH; aKO HHKOH Jie.>KH C'bC cecTpH, MaHKa
HJIH CHaxa; aKO .>KeHa OTH.zt.e .na JierHe npH try.>1<.n M'h.>K; aKO .>KeHa CTaHe
6pOJlHHU8, MarbOCHHU.8, caMOBHJia H MaMHHUa_; aKO M'b.>K e H3e,ll.HHK,
rpa6HTeJI, npe,ll.aTeJI Ha Hapo.na CH; aKO rpa6H CHpOMallIKO H CHp·allIKO,
H B)lOBHllJKO.
3a BCHtlKH TH.H ·P8QOTH AYlllaTa OTHBa HanpaBO n Il'bK'bJia.
Ba6a CToe1u:1ua, c. BaJIBaHuH:
AKO M'b.>K HJIH .>KeHa OTKpa,nHe, y6He, H3Jl'b.>Ke, JI'b.>KJIHBO ce
3aK'bJIHe, 3anaJIH HHKoro 38 OTM'bIIJ,eHHe.
Ba6a ,UoHa Y3ytt-HHKOJTosa, c. IllHnKa: .
AKO KMeT HJIH CTapeHllJHHa, HJIH ,ll.pyr roJieMeu H.zie CHpOTHHSI~~'
rpa6H H C'b)lH no xanp; aKo Kp'btIMapHH CMecBa B'bB BHHOTO H paKHHTa
BO)la, · K8KBOTO npaBH Ce OHH T8MO -(IlOCO~H Ha C'hCe,l].H8T8 Kp'b~Ma);
aKO JlYKHH)l.>KH.H .zt.aBa eKCHK; aKO HSIKOH npeopasa t1y}K,ll.a HHBa; aKo
oeqap pa36opKBa CTa,ll.OTO CH C UeJI 38 3arpa6H tJY.>KJlH OBUH; aKo HHKOH
CMecea neneJI B .6pallIHO, KepeMH,ll.8 B nHnepa H IlSIC'bK B >KHTOTO.
Ba6a To.zt.opa n. XpncToBa, c. JlnTaKoso:
AKO >Keirn, KOHT~ K'bpMH, He paqH ,ll.a IlO,ll.OH CHpatie; aKO >KeHa
pa3B8JIH. ,ll.OM H K'bllJ.8, KaTo CMpa3H M'b>K C .>KeHa My; aKo pa3,neJISI
MOM'bK OT ·MOMa.
AKO HSIKOH 6ora He noqHTa, y U'hpKBa He XOAH, CBeW.H He naJIH,
y neT'bK H cpSl,ll.3 H y IlOCTH 6JI8>KH; 8KO npOCHK He .zt.apyea; aKo Il'bT-
HHUH He npHeMa . y ,ll.OMa CH H He rH HaxpaHsa; a Ko >KeHa, KOHTO K'bp-
MH ,° .H ,ll.OHecaT CHpaqe 6038HHHlJe .zt.a ro IlO.lI.OH, a TSI OTKa.>Ke.
HA ·P O P. H A B fl P A 337
Ea6a Mop<pa, c . .D.epeKh.oii:
. AKO HHKOH He npHrJie)l.a CHpOMaxa, 38TBOpHHK, ,l).JJ'b)KHHKa He"
IlO'lleKa, aKo H.HMa cera }].a IlJI3TH; aKO .>KeHa CHpaqe He IlOJJ.OH; aKO opaq
npeope 'IIY)KJJ.a HHBa; aKo oaqap OTKpa.nHe qy)KJJ.a oau.a; aKo oaqap-
HJIH K0HHp · nyctte cToKaTa a qy)KJJ.a HHBa. (Cpa. ·c6HY, I, 24, .N217,
CO<j)HHCKO).
Ba6a Kepa , )KeJrn3Koaa, c. EaJIBaH:
AKO HHKOH )KeHa CTaBaJia Kp'bCTHHUa, T. e. Kp'hIUaBaJia, TI0B0HT e
C'bKpam.aaaJia; aKo )KeHa e 3-eMaJia 6paIIJHO y aaeM, a Kora ro apow.a,
CMecaana B'bTpe neneJI; aKO Ha TPYJI.Ha >KeHa ce He JJ.3J1.C JI.a BKY,CH OT
H€W.O,K0eT0 e BH)lHJia,H ce pas6.oJiee OT n0U{e8ijU; aKO HHKOH e K'bpIUHJI
qy:>KAH nJieT0Be, Ta CH KJia)le Of'bH; aK0 H.HKOH npo,nai3a eKCHK; HJIH
CMecBa a C0JITa, 6paWHOTO H nHnepa JJ.PYfH Hema, )la TerHaT; aKO
Kp'b'IIMapHT CMecaa B'bB BHHOTO H paKH.HTa BOJJ.a; aKo >KeHa, KaT0 3HMa
)la pa60TH_lIY>K)la. npe>K)J.a, Kpa,ne OT HeH; aKO Tep3HH Kpa,ne OT rnaeKa,.
m.o MY e )laJJ.eH.
11 ow.e JJ.pyrH ~eHmrn ce C'IHTaT sa rpeIIJHH, KOi-no noape)KJJ.aT·
2KHBOTa H HMOTa Ha JJ.pynuo.
HapO)lHaTa BHpa e IlOC0'IIHJia Il0)1.p06Ho BCH'IKH THH )leHHHH
B necHHTe H npHKa3KHTe H qacT OT THX ca co6paHH. (B>K. a C6H~,
I, 14,N28, 24, .N217; II, 27, .N28; III, 35, .N22, 36, .M~3; IV, 6, .N2_8,
20; VIII, 19, .N221; VII, 9, .N27; X, 25, .N'!!2, 26, .N'!!4; MHJI ., .N'!! 44,45,
49; IIIanK., .N'!!45; AT. 11JI., .N'!! 136· H ome JJ.p.)
UopKBa~a ape)lBa a 'IHCJIOTO Ha rpexoaeTe H ™fl )I.eHHHH, c KOH-
TO ce HapymaBa CBeTQCTTa Ha npa3HHUHTe. O6aqe HapO)I.HOTO BHpBaHe
H3BHHHBa, onpaB)laBa , )lOpH 6JiarocJiaB.H THH, KOHTO pa6oTHT B He-
)1.eJIHH H npa3HHtJHH JJ.HH, caMO aKO HMaT 'IIHCTO C'bpue, aKO pa60T.SlT
)I.a HaxpaHHT )I.eUaTa CH H CBOHTe.
TaKa e)lHH opaq opaJI Ha Ilpeo6pa>KeHHe rocno)lHe; TOBa B'bpIIJHJI,
3a )I.a HaxpaHH H oTrJie)la .neaerrHx CH cHpaqeTa. Ca. Hmui H ca. ne-
T'bp He. caMO He ro OC'b)J.HJIH, HO ro ome H 6JiarocJIOBHJIH H HHBaTa MY
HaH-MHoro pomv1a: (Ea6a C1oeHHUa, c. EaJIBaHUH, TopHOBCKo. Cp-B.
C6HY, XI, 9.)
' .Ilpyr pa6oTHJI B He)leJI.H H npa3HHqeH .zr.eH; HO TOH 6HJI MHOf0 )l0-
6op: npHrJie)I.aaJI aceKHro, HHKoro He o6mKJJ.aJI. focno)l- ro 6Jiaro-
cJI0BHJI H HHBHTe MY Haii-MHoro poJJ.HJIH.(Ba6a Bop6a fHHeaa, c.
PeceH, TopHoBcKo. Cpa. C6HY, III, 78, .N'2 12, Axop'lleJie6HiicKo.)
E)lHa BP.OBHUa, aa JI.a oTrJieJJ.a c1-1paqerara CH, pa6oTHJia: npeJia,
llIHeJia H T'bKaJia B He)leJIH H rrpa3HHK. EJJ.J-IH KaJiyrep-nO CTHHK ce no-
MOJIHJI 6ory )la MY noKa}Ke M0}Ke mr npaae)leH qoaeK JJa HMa a ceno.
focnoJI MY H3Il'bJIHHJI }KeJiaHHero; aHreJI'bT My Ka3aJI: !]0rJie)lau y
ceJIOTO H BH}K B KOH K'blll.8 H3JIH3a IlJI8M'bK CBeT'bJI - - TaMo )KHBee·
npaBe)leH tlOBeK. TI O C T H H K 'h T HarrycHaJI Il O C T H H 1J. a T a
CH H CJie3H8JI OT nJiaHHHaTa B ceJIOTO H OTIUII'bJI npaao Ha TaH K1:UJ.a·
6HJJO CBeTa He,lleJIH. ToH 38TeK'bJI B)l0BHUara, lie TKaeJia n'JiaTHO:
TTo3JJ.paBHJI .H H .H p~nHTaJI KaK }KHBee H KaKao BopruH. TH MY oTro-
22
338. /.lHMHT1,P MAPH7f0B
-
BOpH11a: ,,Pa6oT.H 11y>1<,u.o, Ta xpaHH THH .u.e11uua H ce6e cu. CTaHa pauo,
OM~H ce, TIOMOJJH .ce 6ory H ce.u.Ha Aa pa60T.SI ." nocTHH~'bT ff TIOXB8JIHJI,
HO -~ · Ka3aJI.: ,,BCH'IKO xy6aeo, caMO qe He 6uea Aa pa6oTHllI B HeJleJIH
H•-a :np,a3HH'leH .zteH. AKo na3Hl1I TH.sl .lJ.HH, Torasa 01ne noeeqe w.e 61,_itew .
6narocJT6BeHa ~T'6ora" - H'CH,'OT~lil'bJJ naK e TIOCTHHUaTa. Or OOCTHH-·
u.arn TOH ec.HKa ee11ep , Kora me Jiertte, ec.HKa 3apaH, KorarocTaJSa.1J
OT JierJIOTO CH, .OTHBaJI Ha MOfHJIKaTa, OT)J.eTO ce BH>l<)J.8JIO CeJIOTO, H
nor111e.n,eaJI K'bM -.KouiaTa Ha B.llOBHUaTa. CeeTJIH.HT nJiaM'hK see ropan,
Ho. e.zrna cyTpHH-JIHnca JI . .
· B.llOBHUaTa, Karo noCJiyrnaJia nOCTHHKa, !1PeCT8H8JI3 .n.a
pa6oTH B
He.n,eJI~.H--H npa3HHlleH .zteH .ff B TOBa epeMe XO.llHJia no KOMllIHHTe, AeTO
c-e· ·roaopeno 3a .llpyrHTe xopa H .zteTo ca ce oco>1<.llaJIH pa6oTHTe -Ha
.n-pyq1Te: Orroraea H ceeTJIH.HT nJiaM'hK yracttaJI.. ·
' · nocTHHK'bT, KaTO BHA.SIJI TOBa, ee,u.Hara CJUl3'bJI B CeJIOTO H pa3-
TIHTaJI : epoe~uaTa KaK >1<Heee cera H KaKeo npae1-1. TH t.iy pa3Ka3ana.
BCHqK(). Toraea 'noCTHHK'bT 1103HaJI . rpernKaTa CH H H Ka3aJI: ,,npaBH,
.ziome, KaKTO CH ·npaBHJia H no-npe.ztu: MeHe lie.neii cnyma" - ·, H CH
0THllI'bJI. CeeTJIH.SIT TIJ18M'bK naK ce 110.SIBHJI. (Ba6a ·aop6a, .c .· Peceu,
T1>pHOBCKO, 6a6a CroeH-uqa, .er BaJIBaHI.Ui, JopHoBcKo.)

ii;
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EOI 'OM OJI CTB O

B TaH r JI a Ba me AOHJlaT cJie)lHHTe MaTepHaJIH:

A. )Kpeu H .
6_. XpaM oae.
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(~arbOCHHUH, 6po.n.H~UH, MaMHHUH, caMOBHJIH He npHna,AaT TyK;
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344 /lHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

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THSI J:(yxoee na3SIT HHBHTe, na3HT JI03HTa, na3H-T JIHBa)J.HTe H 6paHHW.aTa
OT CTHXHH, OT JIOUIH BeTpHma, OT OfbH, OT rpa.D,yUIKa, OT HaB0)J.HeHHe
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B qecT Ha THH .nyxose npa3HeHCTBa, KOHTO HOCH1 HMeHa: o6poK (noa-
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-qeHo -u.1>pKsa .
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npa3HHU.H, T. e.
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OT ceJI0TO; 3a THX me roebpHM TYK no-.nony B'bB BTopaTa l.18CT Ha TOH
TpyJ.(.
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;{yx:, ,KOHTO noKp0BHTeJICTByBa 0TJ.(eJIHa 3·a.npyra -HJ'{H 0T)J.eJIH0 ceMeH-
CTBO H 0T)J.eJIH0 JIHl.(e. THSI npa3HeHCTBa ce H3BbpUIBaT llaCTH0 li'JIH, OT
:
HAPOJ.tH A Bf/PA 345
dtJ:le.nHa aa,npyra H ceMeHCTBO, HJIH OT OT,l(eJIHO JUHI,e. THH npa3ff:eH-
CTBa ·ce Ka3BaT CAy~6a, Kyp6a1i.

~/ ")I( p e u H (M'b>K H_}KeHa - CTapeu H 6a6H11Ka)

. Ha o6w.etTBeH HTe npaaHeHcT B~a ce npHHaCHT· >Kep-

TBH 1-1- THH }KepTBH ce OCBell.{aBaT no e,l(HH ycTaHOBeH pe,n. Tcm pe~ ce
lt~JjHlJ~ o6pe,n c 06H11aH.Jl11ueTo,KoeTo ocaew.aaa >KepTBaTa, H3Bo·purna
-o6pep.a H npe,nce,naTeJicTayaa Ha npaattettcTBOTo,. aa ttapeKox >Kpeu·.
He· HaMepHX IIO-IIO)J.XO)HIIIJ.O HMe. 11 nm JIIO)J.e, KOHTO ca npe,nce,z:ia-
--reJlCTByBa~H Ha npa3HeHCTBaTa H ocsew.aaa.nH JKepTBHTe,ca 6HJIH C'bll(H-
~~ - _ KqHTO ca H_~peAU >KepTBHTe, T. e . . KJiaJIH . rH H rrpHHaCHJIH .
. 'Tlpe,nH "100- · 1so·r., )J.OKOJIKO ca 3'arrOMHHJilf CTap°II,HTe, K<?raTO
-0ute •c'a KJiaJIH ~eJIC_KHH 6HK Karo JKep-r-Ba Ha IIOKpOBHTeJIH, )J.yxa Ha
-ceno:ro - KJiaJI · ro <;TapeuoT, Koflio e rrpe,lI.ce,naTeJicTaysaJI Ha rrpaa-
H'eactB~To H ocsew.aaaJ I ~epTsaTa; KoraTo ·e T~6BaJio ,lJ.a ce K~JIH
<>,Bell HJIH TeJieu ~a o6poK, . TOH 'c>BeH H TeJieU e KJia'Ji CTapeU'bT, KOHTO
e npe~ce.il.aTeJicTayaaJI Ha rr_p a3_HeHCTBOTO · :tt otsew.asan >KepTBaTa.
IleTJIHTe H KOKOIIiKwre Ha UnpKsa KJI.aJI ~ cTapeuoT, KOHTO e rrpe,lI.ce,lJ.a-
TeJict13ysan H ocsem.asaJ I rrocJie JKepTsine · H Tparre3aTa. Tofi• caM6
yru IIOCJie H llHCTHT fi: roTBHT.
0

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. THH JIIO,lJ.e ce HBHBaT KaTO ocserir.eHH; KaTo JIHU3, B KOHTO o6HTa-
Ba ·a~1Ka KBa CHJia. .
KoH H KaKBH JI10,lJ.e ca )KpeJIH )KepTs:iiTe, . npe,nce,lJ.aTeJicTsysaJI8
Ha n·pa3HeHCTBaTa H OCBeIII,a~aJIH Ji<epTBJiTe_ B ,lI.peBHO sepMe, na H.
IlOCJI~, CJie,lJ. rrpHetdaHeTO Ha xpHCTHHHCT_ BOTO, HHe He 3HaeM H TYK
He MO.>KeM r~sopH. Tyii, KOeT_ O 3HaeM H 3a KOeTO . ~e rOBOpHM, e aa
npef\H 150 r. H aa ,lJ.°Hec. . . .
. ·-E)J.HO HBJieHHe B HaIIIHH qepKOBHO-,lJ.YXOBeH >KHBOT, Koero e
:Ba}Kilo aa BHHMaHHe, e Tyii, qe nollTH sc_HllKH~~ HaIIIH HapoAHH- cy·e -
13~_pH_1 :(- rrpa3HeiICTBa C TeXHHTe )KepTBH~ 06pem1 H o6Hll~H UopKBaTa
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~liCKO o6JieKJio; caMO MHOro MaJIKO e OTCTpaHHJia. 3a THH HBJieHl:I H
11He l"OBOpHM TY~. IIO-)J.OJiy. Ilpli TaK'hB _c Jiyqa~ ecTeCTBeHo Ha rrpa3HeH-
CTBa'.Ta·ce HBHBa csem.eHMK'hT KaTO rJiaBHO JIHU.e; ·o 6aqe TOH caMO rrpe,lI.-
ce.1rare11cTayaa · H ocaeuiasa >KepTBaTa, HO He· H KOJIH . . KoJIM Ht ·ttaK
ttapeu. ·
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e HMaJio, He ca CMeHJIH ,lJ.a ce HBHT rry6JIHlJHO, T. e. H3 Il'hTH, 38IU,OTO
,ypqHlfbT e ClJHraJI 3a . caoii )J.iJir )J.a ·r11· y611e. ETo 3aw,o caew.eHHK'hT
e _npH~y,neH 6HJI ,lla He :H3JIH3a HJIH aKO e H3JIH38JI, TOH ce· n.peo6JIH q·aJI:
,o6JiHqan ce KaTo c_ eJISIHHH c 6eJIH ,lI.pexH ceJicKH, c KaJinaK cen CKH,
a MHoro Il'bTH II C'bC CTpHraHa 6pa,lla.
To~a 06:::TOSITeJICTBO, T. e. JIHIICaTa Ha CBeIII,eHHUH H THXHOTO HeH-
·~srsa~e., e ~1,3,l(eHCTByBaJio, Ta BCHt{KHTe o6III,eCTBeHH npa3HeHCTBa,
KOHTO ca B'bpweHH B'bH OT ce110TO, HHK'b,lJ.e H3 3eMJIHII(eTo, ca CTaBaJIH 6e3
346 )lHMHT'bP MAPH"HOB

CBelll.eHHK: H B T8KbB cny11aH Kyp6aHbT e 38K8JIB8H OT CTapeua,KOHT<>

IlOCJie e npe.nce.naTeJICTByBaJI Ha npa3HeHCTBOTO, npeKa).lB8JI Tparie-
3aTa H 0CBelll.aBaJI Kyp6aHa.
KoH H KBKBH ca 6HJIH THH cTapuu?
OT M0HTe JIH"IHH H~6JIIO).leHHH n OT Cb6paHHTe JIHllHH cse;r.eHHff.
83 cpelll.Hax BCHK'bAe C'blll.HTe CTapuH, KOHTO no-rope H8Hl\teHyBaXMe
rJie).latJH. THH rJI·e.naqH HHKora ca K~aJIH Kyp6atta, npe.nce,LI.aTeJICTBY·
saJIH ca Ha npa3HeHCTB0TO, npeKa.nsaJIH Tpane3aTa H ocsern.aBaJIH.
)KepTBaTa (Kyp6aHa, fu6oseTe, KOJIHB0TO, BHHOTO H ,LI.pyrH CJIO)KeHK
1-1ema). TaMo, .D.eTo TaKHBa rJie.naqu c~ JIHncsaJIH, Torasa 3a TaKHBa
_)KpeuH ca ll36Hp.aHH .npyrH CTapuH. CTapeU'bT, KOHTO e KJ18JI Kyp6aH_a,.
a TI0CJie npeKa).lB8JI Tpane3aTa H ce.nH~1 HatieJIO Ha npa3eHCTB0TO, e 6HJl
H36HpaH BC.HKora H3TI0Me)KJ.lY nbpBH.Te ceJICKH CTap.uH. TaK'bB Tp.H-
6BaJIO .II.a 60.IJ.e aceo6m.o yaa:>KaBaH. cTapeu, .na e A o M o B JI a .n. H J:{ a
Ha· HaH-MHoroJIIO,LI.HaTa sa.npyra; 38.IJ.pyraTa .II.a ce Ha<;:Jia)K.naaa c A06po-
H-Me; CTapeU'bT ).la e CTa)l.HHK (oaqap) C .MHOfO OBUH HJIH cmaHeHUIC
(BJia,n.eTeJI Ha MHOro 3eM.H C MHOf0JIIO).lHa 33).lpyra) . l136paH B~,ZJ.H'b}K
38 )Kpeu (Kyp6aHKecea~uR ), TOH e OCT8.HJI T8K'bB ).lO CM'bpTTa CH. J1
B CJiyqafl qe Ha npa3HeHCTBOTO _ npHC'bCTB-yBa caemeHHK, TOH . CTapen.
BC'SIKOra ce.nH OT ).lHCHaTa MY CTpaHa.
TipH o6HKOJIKaTa CH 83 cpem.HaX CJiytiaH, ).leTo Ha o6poK Tpane-
3aTa Ka.nerne TaK'hB cTapeu B MHoro ceJJa. 11MaM 3a6eJie)KeHH Te3H
cena: B c. PenJI.HHa, Ee.norpa.nqHrnKo, B 1885 r., B c . CTy6eJI, KYTJIO-
BCKo, 1887 r., B ceJiaTa l.IJ.1pett H OcHKoBo, BpatiaHCKO, 1888 r . ;
(B cenaTa] KaMeHo noJie, AJITHMHp H MaJiopaT, 1888 r., s c. KaKpHHa,.
JloaqaHcKo, 1890 r. , B c. Ko3ap E_eJiette,· CBHlIJ.OBCKo, 1890 r., B c.
Hoso ceJio, CeaJIHeBcKo, 1~9_ 4 r . , B c : To.nhoBUH, EJieHcKo, 1889 r.,.
B c. Ta'bpJ.lHUa, 1893 r;, B c. lll11nKa H· c. MorJiurn, 1893 r. H PP ~
OH.le H.HKOJIKO, - .neTO ce npaaewe o6poK B'bH OT ceJIOTO, a HRBHTe.
Ha THH o6pOUH csem.eHHUHTe· OTC'bCTByBaxa, a 'Tpa_n eaaTa ce npeKa-
.n.sarne OT CTapeu; TOH 3aMeCTBarne OTC'bCTBYB8lIJ.H.H CBem.eHHK.
11 ).lHecKa H.HKOH TaKHBa CTapuH, KOHTO 3aMeCTBaT caern.eHHKa
B CeJICKHTe o6rn.ecTBeHH npa3HeHCTBa H H3BbplllB8T ·csern.eHHtieCKH
o6H3aHocTH, ce cpern.aT B H.HKOH ceJia. TaKa B TIH.HHeqKo, B c. Pa3.110-
BUH, ,ll.H)J.O BotJap. e KOMK8B8JI xpHCTHHHHTe.- Ha BeJIHK.IJ.eH; HO 'tte rH e·
KOMK3BaJI C KOMKa OT BHHO. HeroaaTa KOMJ{a e 6HJJa OT oco6eH BHJ].:
KoraTO e pH38JI JI030~HTe npbtIKH npoJieT, TOH e C'b6HpaJI C'b.1I3HTe.
Jfa JI03HTe B oco6eH Cb.II H C TIHI JI030BH C'bJJ3H e K0MKaBaJJ ceJJSIHHTe.
(C6HY. XIII, 186.)
no-rope cnoMeHax, qe HMa o6pe.nH, .neio M'b>K He M0>Ke Aa •Ka,o.H·
Tpane3aTa H J.(a ocsem.asa )KepTBaT~, a rosa e npaao, .na.neHo caM0 _Ha
JKeHa. THH o6pe)].H m.e 6'b)J.8T Ha peJ.(a CH 0TIHCaHH H nocotteHH KaKTO
B TOH, TaKa H B ,n.pynt TpyJ.(oBe, K0HT0 HMa .na H3Jie3HaT Il0CJIC.lf.0Ba-
TeJIHO.
Ha TH.H npa3HeHCTBa H o6pe).lH >KpeU'bT, KOHTO KOJIH )KepTB8T~
(KOKOlllKa HJIH neTe.n) H KOHTO. Ka).lH ~pane3aTa H ocaern.aaa >KepTBaTa
HA PO/IHA BflPA 347
e 6a6nq1<a ctapnua. TaSI 6a6HtiKa Hee JJ.pyra ocaeH apaqKaTa HJIH rJie-
JJ.a'IKaTa. AKO_ TaKaBa JIHncaa cJiyllaHHO B e)J.HO ceJio, TOfaBa ca H3-·
6npa.nn JJ.pyra CTapHua, KOSITO B TOSI CJiy11aH TpSI6Ba pa HMa BCH11KJ-1Te
OHHfl Ka11eCTBa, Ka~BHTO H3JIO)KHXMe no-rope 33 CTapeua, T. e. JJ.8 ce
H8CJl3)K)J.aBa Ha e~HO 6e3 HHKaK'bB ynpeK HMe, )J.a e 6a6a Ha MHOfOJIIO)].-·
. H_a SaJJ.pyra H~H ceMefICTBo; CHHOBeTe, CHaXHTe, JJ.'hlUep1-1te, BHYU.HTe .H
BHY'IKHTe •H JJ.a 60°)1.aT c JJ.o6po HMe H noaeJJ.eHHe. HapoJJ.HOTo BHpaaJ-ie·
He rJie)la B TOSI CJIY-llaH .zi.aJIH ctapHU,aTa HMa CTapeu, H/IH CTapeu,'bT H
e yMpHJI. ·
TyK tpSI6Ba )J.a ce OT6eJie)KH ome· H TOBa HBJfeHHe.
A Ko B ceJioto HMa non·: H TOH no e)J.Ha . HJIH ,npyra n pHtrntt-a He
npHC'bCTByBa Ha npa3HeHCTBOTO, tpane3aTa ce npeKa)J.Ba H Kyp6aHbT"
ce ocaemaaa or cTapeu HJIH ctapHua-n paaoTo Ha· nona ce He ry6H; ·
K0>KaTa Ha 3aKJiaHHSl Kyp6aH, nope3aHHUH Te OT npe,Z].JIO)KeH11Te XJISI6oae ·
ca H OCTaHT npaBO Ha nona ; KOHTO MY ce OTHaCHT y ,ll.OMa. OTTaMO e
H nocJI0BHUa Ta: ,,lll.o e TI0HOBO - TO e 3aMaH fOTOBO", T.e .. He ry6H ce.
AKO non HHMa B ceJIOTO, TOraaa HefOBOTO npaBO n'pHna,ll. 3 Ha
cTapeua HJIH cTapnuaTa.
8 llaCTHHTe npasHeHCTBa, T. e. Ta~HBa, KOHTO ce ycTpOHB3T
11acTH0 B 33.llpyraTa, TpanesaTa ce npeKa,n.aa OT CBEill,eHHK. Ho aKo-
TaKbB HHMa B ceJIOTO HJIH HMa. HO He MO)Ke )I.a )J.OH,ll.e, TOfaBa naK f0·
3aMecTaa crapeu HJIH cTapHua, Ho ryKa cn~peu,oT H ctapHuara ca or
caMaTa 3a;:r.pyra, OT caM0T0 ceMeHCTBO, OT caM&Ta K'l:Ill,a. CrapeU,'bT B
TOH cny11aii e ;:r.oMOBJia,ll.HKaTa,a crapHuara e Haii-crapa *eHa a K'hl.ll;aTa:
CBeK'bpBa HJIH eTbpBa.
KaKTO npH o6Ill,HTe npa3HeHCTBa, TaKa H npH ttaCTHHTe .HMa 06-
pe).J.H, KOHTO MOfaT )J.a ce B'bpllia'T caMO OT M'b)KC, a HMa· o6pe,ll.H, KOHT0·
ce BbprnaT caMO OT .>KeHH. Me)K)l.y ,ll.OMallIHHTe npa3HeHCTBa H o6pe,ll.H
HMa TaKHBa, ~OHTO H3KJI,Ol1B3T BC.HKO ytJaCTHe H npHC'bCTBHe Ha caern.e-
HHKa; Ty·K TOH BCCU.HJIO ·ce 3aMeCTBa HJlH OT ,ll.OMOBJI8JJ.HKaTa, HJIH OT
HaH-CTapar a B K'blll,aTa )KCHa.
THH cJiyllaH HHC me om1rne_M orn.e B_TOH tpy,n. no-,uoJiy; HO HMa HH-
KOH, KOHTo me 60)1.aT onncaHH B JJ.pyr TPYJJ.,. KoraTo ce H3,ua,ue TPY.ll.oT· ·
,,BHpBaHHH'f.3 H peJIHfH03HHTe o6HttaH npH pa)K)J.aHe, CBaT6H H CMbpT"

6. XPAMOBE

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CT3B3JJO HHKaKBO JJ.pyro HBJieHHe, naMCTH0 38 U,SIJIOTO ceJio; .HJIH Il'bK
33 TYH ·MHCTO ce npHC'bHHJIO Ha H3H-BH,ll.HHH B ceJIOTO ci-apeu: HJIH
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ce. Ho -O0HKHOBCHO TOBa MSlCT0 TpSI6Ba .na _e B ropa n .ua HMa B0)la .
TaKOBa MHCTO. ce H36HpaJIO H B CeJIOT0.
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H A P O ll H A B" fl p · A 353
2. Om ll{0 ce npuHacRA0 J1Cepmea
. OT )KHBOTHHTe AOM3WHH: GHK, B0JJ, KpaBa HJJO-
B.ap 'lOHeu (6HBOJI, KOH: ca npH3HaTH 3a HeqHCTH, a TeJieTo M'hHHqKO
cqeJIO c~ 38 rpHX JI.a ce KOJJH); CBHHH H npace, Ma Kap H HeqHcTH, HO.
H THX npHHaCHT B )Ke pTea· caMo B eJJ.HH cJiyqaii.
. OT JJ.OMalllHHTe TITHUH, MaKap JI.a ca cqeTeHH T0)Ke KaTO HeqHCTH,
H36paJIH ca: neTeJI (qepBeH), KOK0lllKa (qepHa) H TIHJJe (qepHo). ,ll.py- .
rH IlTHllH ca H30CTaBeHH.
PH6H. OT THX ca 1rn6paHH caM'o Te3H, KOHT0 ca noKpHTH C JJIO-
cmi: l.I}apaH, nJiaTHKa; 6HBa, HO MH0f0 PHJJ.KO H myKa, MpHHa H·AP-,
HO ·C · JI IOCilH.
PacTeHHH: nrneHHUa, npoco, uapeBJJua, rpax, 606, Jiema, JiyK,.
3eJ1e, qec'bH .
. TTJIOJJ.OBe: H6'bJIKa, Kpywa,, ,nyH·H, THKBa, rp03JJ.e.
l.l.BeTH: 60CHJIHK, 3,npaeeu, tJeMrnHp, 0MaH, repreBKa, eHb0BKa,
poceH H .np. MHpH3JIHBH UBeTH, OT K0HTO C e)I,HH 'KHT.HT KHTKH H BHHT'
BeHUH B pa3JIHqHJ,{ o6pe,llH H peJilffH03HH o6HqaH, a C .npyrH Ka,U.HT -
X paHa: XJIH6, MJIHKo, cHpeHe, Hiiua, Me.n..
,flHTHe:· B0)l.a, BHH0, na H paKHH.
}lHaeq HHKaK'hB He e H36paH 3a )KepTBa.

3. flpuzameRHe ,w J1Cepmeama
)l(epTBaTa, 3K0 e 61rna )KHBOTH0 ,HJIH TITHUa, HJIH
pw6a e n pHHeceHa neqeHa HJIH .aapeHa. ITetJeHaTa o6aqe ce npe.u.noqHTa ·
OT BapettaTa, 3amoto npH neqetteTo Ha )KepTBaTa H3JIH3a noaeqe
MH'p113Ma, OT KOHTO caeTeU'bT ce HacHma ..(qa6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaH-
UH, 6a6a ,llecna, C; PeceH, TopHOBCKO, 6a6a Mapirn, c. To.n.hoBUH, EJieH-
CK0, 6a6a Pa.u.a ToHhOBa, c. TopHoBo, XatKoBcKo.))KepTBaTa ce
aapHJia caMo Toraaa, KoraTo nopa.n.H roJieMHHaTa CH He e M0)KaJio
.n.a ce neqe HJIH KoraTo c no-MaJIK0 )KepTBa TpH6Ba ,r:.a ce HaxpaHHT
noseqe aepyemH H npHc'hcTayemH. TaKa:
·BHK'bT He M0)Ke .u.a ce netJe, 3aTOBa ce ceqe Ha K'bCOBe H BapH;
C'bIU0 H B0JI'bT H .HJJ0BaTa Kpaaa. IOtteU'bT o6aqe B noaeqeTo CJIY'll8H ce
neqe: .
OaeH'bT ce neqe Ha lllHllI, HO ce H f0TBH, aKO ca MH0fO npHC'bCT-
ayemH. 51JioBaTa oaua ce caMo roTBH. III1rnero ce neqe H roTBH. ArtteTo
ce ·caMo neqe.
KoKOlllK3T3 ce neqe; HO aK0 ce BapH, aapH ce UHJia H TI0CJie naK
ce np~nHtJa Ha 0f'bHH, TypHaTa Ha ca,n>KaKa.OTTciMO TaKaBa KOK0lllKa
HOCH H83B8HHe ,,neqeHa KOKOWKa", ITHJieTo ce B3pH LUIJI0 H· TIOC'JJe ce
neqe, K8KT0 H KOK0WKaTa.
lllapaH'hT caMo ce neqe, H TO UHJI; nJiaTHKaTa H .Z\'PYTH plt6H ce
BapHT.
)KHTOTO ce aapH T'bH Ha 3'bpHa 38 K0JIHBO; C'bllJ.0 H .npyrHTe ce-
MeHa.
23
354 /!HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

BapHBaTa BCSIK0ra ce eapsiT, a .iiyK'bT H tiecoH'bT ce npHHaCHT

H ~YP9,~.H· "'.
"~enrra ce np>HHacH~ KaTo KHT~H H iiei-hi.H. ·. . . · ......
. . -M~HI\0To ce acHKora aapH, a · Mei:t1>T, H. clipelieTo - cyP..ol!-11;
51AUaTa BCSIKOra ce BapHT ~eJIH H , K·aTo TaKHB·a ce npHH3.C5_1T B )l{epT.l3a_.
Pst)J.Ko ce npHHacsiT nop)l{eHH Hflua. . . _:
.. XnS161>T Hrpae .MHoro Ba)l{Ha poJiSI B .>KepTsonpHHO lll...~~~-~ Ja;
Hifto e.IJ.H0 )l{epTaonpHH0U ieHHe He cTaaa 6e3 netieH ?{JIH6, B K0HT<?f~Y-
11a.ft TOSI XJISI() e HaUiapeH o~rope C UiapKH,K0HT0 HMaT CHMB0Jl,f fq_ e cKo
31-iaqeHiie. THSI· XJIS16oae HbCSIT o6m.o H83B8HHe KOAaK RJIH no~'la
(6ozoea numa) H c1>cTaB·JIHBaT T1>i'1 HapetieHHTe o 6 p e .n H H X ,/l H-
6 -o-B. e. 3a. ' TIHI
. XJIHOOBe H 38 CHMB0JIH'lleCKHTe HM mapKH m.e roaopHM
TYK no-.noJiy. ._
BHHOTO H B0JJ.aTa T0.>Ke ce HE3-SIBaT npH BCHK0 .>KepTB0npHH0 llJeHHe .
. OcTaThUHTe OT )l{epTBHTe: KoKaJIH , K0~TH, Tpo_xH H JJ.P-, .H~ oe
xa'.kpraT, a ce H3rapHT HJIH 3aKonaaaT e 3eMJIHTa HJIH ce XB'hpra;r. ._B·
Hsikofl BHP ·HJIH JJ.1>JI60Ka Te'llHa peKa; HHKaK He 6Haa JJ..a ce otTai3$1T
TaKa Ha otKpHTO, 3a .na _c e ra3HT OT xopa HJI.H .na rH HJJ.aT nceT a
)l.HBHTe nTHU.H MoraT .na HJJ.aT THH_ocTaT'bUH. (.UH.no KoJibO, c. fopHo
TiaBJIHKeHH, 6a6a MH'lla, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBHI..IJ.OBCKo,6a6a Myrna,
C. MapaUIKH TpoCTeHHK, TI;n:eaeHCKO.) .
Kora To K0KaJIHTe, KOCTHTe H .npyrHTe OCT a To UH ce H3rapHT,
rne.na'lll>T rne.na Ha JJ.HMa, OT KOHTO HCKa .na BHJJ.H H TI03Hae ; TOH rne,z-.a
Ha_ ~OSI CTpaHa m.e KJIOHH ,llH_MbT: Ha H3TOK HJIH Ha 3ana.n, Ha ceeep
}:lJI.H, Ha 10r; rne,Aa ce om.e ,AaJIH .L{HMbT e f'bCT H qepeH HJIH SICeH H 6.RJI .
no. _TOB~ TOH TT,03HaBa )J.aJIH JJ.YX'.bT HJIH CBeTeU'bT, HJIH .6 oJieCTTa_(aKo
np~3HeHCTB0TO ce npaBH B qecT Ha HHK0SI 6onecT) e JJ.0BOJieH OT ~ep-
TBaja H MOJI6aTa; ,a TaKa -Cbl..l.I,0 npeJJ.CKa3Ba KaKB0 HMa .na 60,Ae. (Jlsi,z-.o
KaJiqo, c. fopHo TTaBJIHKeHH, 6a6a CToeHHU.a, c . Ban·saHUH, 6a6a Bi,p6a
ruuesa, c. PeceH .) .

4. Ta1-tu,u, nec1-tu u · My3uKa

npu. :J1Cepmeonpu1-totuef!-uRma

OT pa3Ka3HTe Ha 6a6HTe·, CTapu.HTe H OT HHKOH

OCTaHaJIH MaTepH~JIH H .HBJieHHH H3 J.(aJie'llHOTO MHHaJio H3JIH3a, tJe
npH ~epTB0npHH0W eHHHTa, JJ.0.L{eTo ce KJiaJI Kyp6aHbT H npHroTBHJI",
a TaKa CbI..IJ.O H nocne, KoraTo ce Ka)lHJia Tpane3aTa. H KoraTo ce Ha-
'llHHHJIO peJIHfH03HOTO nHpwecTBO,HH Kora BCH'llKHTe OTJJ.eJIHH MOMeHTH
OT__)l{epTBOilpHH0W eHHeTO ca 6HJIH npHJJ.py.>KaBaHH c neCHH, JJ.OpH H
~Y3HK~. TTecHHTe ca 6HJIH o6pe,AHH H HMaJIH peJIHrH03Ho c1>.111>i>*a-
wHe - xpHCTHSIHCK0 HJIH MH_TH'lleCKo; HrpHTe ca 6HJIH x opa o6pe.zuiH,
a -cseTeu HJIH Ha .nyxa-6onecTTa . THH
H a .nyx_
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HrpH noaeqeTO Il'bTH ca HrpaHH no MeJIO)lHHTa Ha xopOB0.L{HH ne-
CHH. He e _H3KJI10qepa _6~Jia . MY3HKa: KaBaJI, CBHpKa HJIH fYCJia.
necHHTe ca neH.TJH M0MH, xopoTO ca HrpaHJIH M0MH, 6yJIKH H MOM-
 HA POJJ,H A B,HPA 355
Uij, a MY3HKa Ta ca CBHpHJI H MOMUH·K aBaJIJ.VK HH. 't.Je TOBa e Ta~a -~~no,
·CBff,ll.eTeJICTByBaT He CaMo pa3K83H Te Ha c'iapHTe 38 OHYH, mo e pij~O
npe~H 100 H 150 r . H mo HM e pa3Ka3BaHO OT ,Ae,AH H 6amH, 'HO T)'H
-ce BH>KJI.8 H OT 3ana3eH HTe H ll.0 ,AeH. JJ..HellleH o6pe,!:lH H o6Hqaa .
. q e c H H. llHelllHH Te o6pe,AHH neCHH: KOJH~JJ..apcKH, cypaaka p-
CK':{,., BO,AR'lapcKH, reprbOB CKH, eHbOBCKH, BeJIHKJJ..eHCKH, cnacOBC~H.
neTpQBCKH, HHKYJICKH H MlIOro ,ApyrH, B KOHTO CtO.>KeTHTe ca peirn-
fHO~HO- MHTHtle CKH , KOHTO H )J,HeCKa ce neSIT Ha TH.SI npa3HH UH; Ha
Tpane3 aTa, OKOJIO .>KeptBa T~, ca OCTaHaJiH OT .HSIKOf3 lllHHTe rreC.HH.
H r p H. HrpHte Ha Jia3apKHTe, EHHTa, Ha BeJIHK,AeH, feprboB -
,.Ae~. CrraCOBJJ..eH, KOHTO ce H-,AHecKa HrpaSIT KaTO o6pe,AHH H HOCSIT qH-
CTO P~JI~fH0 3HO-MH THqecKH xapaKTe p ; notpOnB aHeTO C KpaKa Ha
KOneAapUHTe, KoeTo noTpone atte c KpaKa HSIKora e 6Hno Hrpa; Hr-
paTa Ha pycaJIUH Te, Ha KyKepHT e; Ha BO)J.HqapKHTe H JJ.pyrH ca oc-
'T8H8JIH OT HSIKOra rnHHTe HrpH.
M y 3 H k a. My3HKa Ta Ha pycam.I.HTe, Ha KyKepH te, KOHTO H
~ttecKa XO;I.SIT C'bC CBHpUH ;· MY3HKaTa Ha feprbOB AelJ, BemiK,A eH,
•Cu~cOB,ll.eH, KOSITO H )J,HeCKa He e H3XBbpJieHa; MY3HKaTa, C KOSIT9 .ca
3apa1tt1JIH yMpeJIHSI rrpeJJ.H 100 r . ~ HSIK'bJJ.e H JJ.HecKa, H MeJIOAHHTe,
KOHTO ce CBHpSIT Ha)]. rpo6a,. KoraTo· eeqe e 3apHHaT, ca OCTaThUH OT
JfS:{KOf3lllHOTO ynoTpe6 JieHHe· Ha MY3HKaTa, npH npa3HeHCTBaTa, o6pe-
JJ.HTe H MepTBOilpHHOllleHHSITa.

r. MOPA JlbT HA HAPO.llHAT A B51PA

BHpaTa HapOJJ.Ha, TaKaBa, KaKBaTa H BH)K,AaMe,
·e HMaJia TOJIKOBa H TaKoBa CHJIHO BJIHHHHe Bopxy HpaBHTe H ,no6po-
,.AeTe.,1HTe Ha HalliHH Hapo,A, KOeTo BJIHHHHe ,l('bJI60KO ce BKOpeHHJIO
B }KHBOTa H ce BHMJJ..a B'bB BCHllKH Te HerOBH Kara,u.He BHH 33HHTHS I, B
tteroBHT e JJ.eJia H B tteroBHT e noHHTHH 3a )J.o6po H 3a JI0U10. HaBCHK'bJJ.e
11 B'bB BCHqKo H3Il'bKBa CJie)J.HOTO HB,!IeHHe: ' BCeKH rJie,ll.a ,Aa 60,Ae qe-
cTeH,,A06poJJ..eTeJieH 3a ce6e H noJie3eH 3a .Apyr11re; ,Aa CH rroMara B3a-
11MHO, ,Aa 6Sira OT 3Jl0. .
TaH Hapo,AHa BHpa e BKopeHHJia ll.'hJIOOKo B .Aylllata Ha · ce.1HHHHa
H ceJIHHKaTa, qe BCHKO .no6po ' .ne.no, BCHKa MHJIOCTHHSI, CTOpeHa JJ..py-
a,
I'HMy ; BCSIKa rrpaBJJ.a, BC.HKa IlOMOW., OKa3aHa H CTOpeHa Ha B,AOBHU
CHpa1.1e, CHpOMaX qoseK HJIH Ha TaK'bB, KOHTO e B HanacT H 6e.n3 - He
,()CTaHT 6e3 H8rp3JI.a or 6ora c ll.06po H 38 Hero H 33 JJ..eu3T3 My,rr3 H
3a BHYUHTe H npaBHYUHTe MY. ,,,Uo6poTo orHsa c qoseK3 H 38.ll. rpo6a -
Ka3Ba 6a6a Pyca CJiaBoBa, c . K1mHJIOBo . HanpOT HB,
4
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a
BCSIKO 3JJO JI.eJIO, BCSIK8 naKOCT, BCSIK8 ilenpae. na HJIH HaCHJJHe, CTopeH
..npyrHM y; BCeKH rpSIX H npecT'hilJJ~HHe He ocraBaT 6e3 HaKa3aH He He
caMO K'bM C8MHSI .neeu, H? H K'bM BHYUHT e H ilpaBHYU .Hre MY, ,AO Tpeto,
rnecro HJIH .neaero KOJIHHO cnope.n npecTonJJeH11ero H 3JIOTo. «3Jioto
Ta Ka ci>mo . OTHBa C 1IOBeKa 38.ll. rpo6a, rrpH 6ora" - Ka3Ba C'bIU,aTa
.6a6a Pyca.
356 ,QHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

TaKa Hapo,nHaTa BHpa yqH, qe BCeKH .no6'bp, MHJIOCTHB H 11ecTeH

11one1< He Mo>ke .na 60.ne cHpoMax; He Mo>Ke .na 60.ne HemacTeH, He MO}Ke
.na 6i.ne cnoJieTeH OT naKOCTH, npeMe>K)l.HH H 6onecTH; HefOBHTe· HHBH
He 6~e rpa.n, He HOC.HT nopOHIIJ,8, He OCTaBHT 6e3 XJIH6 - HerOBHTe
:>KHTHHIJ.I-1 ca Il'bJIHH.
EJJ.HH CeJIHHHH HMaJI 06Hqai'1 .n.a .nasa >KHTO BCeKHMY, KOHTO _e HSI-
MaJI, a OCOOHO Ha B)l.OBHUHTe, CHpaUHTe H CHpOM8CHTe . .U.aBaJI e• BCSI-
Kora \ . e.11.Ho rnHHqe, ttape11eHo KymeA. ·
. . KoraTo H)l.BaJia rpa.nyrnKaTa B C'bHOpa Ha ceJIOTO, TOH CeJIHHHH
cnymaJI c y "r naTe CH KaK HSIKOH roBopHJI H BHKaJI Ha o6JiaKa c rpa-
pymKaTa: .
,,Bopn1, B1>pTH, BopToJioMee! Bm1, 6Hfl, fep~-aHel KyTnoaa HHBa
.na iie nospe,nHrn!" (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BanBaHUH, TopHOBCKo.)
HeroBaTa 'leJIHJJ. OHJia 3)1.paBa, 381IJ,OTO 6oJieCT B TaH K'blIJ.8- He
BJIH3a.
Heroaa'l'a cToKa - OBUH, ·KoHe, rose.na,. cBaHe, nqeJIH H .npyrH,
ce ·nJIO)l.H, 38IUOTO .no6pHTe MY .nena SI na3SIT OT BCHKa M8fHSI, OT
BCHKo 3JIO. {JlH.no 11.aKo, c. KoJIH6HTe, KaMeH .non, TposiHcKo, .nsi.no
reoprH, c. BpyceH, TeTeBettcKo, 6a6a CToettaua~ c. BanBaHUH, . Top-
·HoBcKo.)
TporHe _JIH Ha Il1>T - .no6pbTO B'bpBH c nero,KaTO aHreJI H Il'b)J.H
BCHKa 3Jla cpeIUa, BCHKO 3JIO. (Ba6a CTOeHHUa, C. 6aJIB8HUH, JJ..HJ;J.O
11.aKo, c. KonH6HTe, KaMeH .non.) ·
C e,nHa ,nyMa, .no6pHSIT 'IOBeK e 6oraT, lU3CTJIHB, C MHOfO lleJI.H)l.,
KO.SITO e YMHa H nocJiyrnHa. 3a TaK'bB lIOBeK K83B8T ,.)].06'bp"' C KOeTo
ce 03HatiaBa 6oraT, 3aMO:>KeH C MHOI'O tteJIH)l.. ,.TaH K'hIUa e .no6pa" -
3HattH 6oraTa, ttecTHTa, .no6po,n;eTeJIHa.. ·
Hanponrn, JIOlIIHHT ttoBeK, KOHTO npaBH BCeKHMY ano; KOHTO Kpa-
·.ne, naJIH, y6HBa H rpa6H; KOHTO SIJJ.e t1y:>K,no; KOHTO e HaCHJIHHK, npe-
.naTeJJ - H .na HMa CIIOJiyKa, H .na HMa 6oraTCTBO, HO KaTp e cne11e.neHO
~ HenpaB.na, TO H3tie3Ba HJIH OIUe npH :>KHBOTa MY, HJIH cne.n CM'bpTTa MY.
(Ba6a Bop6a H 6a6a ,Uecna, c. PeceH, 6a6a CToeHHUa, c. BanBaHUH,
TopHoBcKo, 6a6a TieHa 11aaHOBa, c. CeMHc11e H 6a6a Pa.na, c. TopHoao,
XacKOBCKO). TipHMepH KOHKpeTHH 6Hxa MH ITOCOtJeHH MHoro. (B)K.
)I(. cTap., III, 378-379, VI,- 16-21, § 6 H 7.) ,
· llpea TOH Mop.an Hapo,nHaTa BRpa e H3pa6oTHJia npaBHJia, no
°KOHTO BCeKH lIOBeK TpH6Ba .na ce p'bKOBO)l.H, aKO :>KeJiae .na 60.ne IUaCTJIHB
H JJ.'bJifOJieTeH Ha TOH CBHT H npaBe.ZJ.eH Ha OHH .
THSI npaBHJia ce CBe:>K,naT B CJie)J.HHTe noyKH:
. . a/ Ha Il'bpBO' MHCTO BCeKH Tp~6Ba )I.a IlOllHTa, )I.a ce cpaMyaa H
.na 60.ne nocnyrneH Ha 6ama CH H MaHKa cH; a KoraTo oc,:apeHT H ocTa-
HaT ·u a p1>ueTe HM, AeuaTa, oco6eHo M'h>KKHTe, AJI'h:>KHH ca JI.a rH rne.naT
JJ.3 r .H xpaHHT H ,na fH He HaCK'bpOHBaT. CHH, KOHTO H3Il'b)J.H 6am.a CH ~
M8HK8 CH, HHMa H He MO:>Ke .na BHAH )J.o6po . .UHrHe JIH Il'bK poKa, Ta l'H
y.napH - TaK'bB ll(e ocaKaTee 6e3 .npyro H IUe _ro cnoneTH ronHMo He-
11.(aCTHe He caMO Hero, HO H .u.euaTa MY . ,,MaH'IHHa H 08lUHHa KJleTBa
HA 'POJiH A Bf[PA 35-7
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Toqoaa , c. Mapal.llKH Tp1>cTeHHK, TIJieBeHcKo, ·6a6a fm1.a, c. JleTHH-
11.a, JloaqaH cKo, 6a6a AfHqa, c. Ko3ap Be.neHe, Cam_qoacKo; 6a6a ,[le- ·
crra, c. PeceH H 6a6a CToeHHU.a, •c. BaJiaam.ur, T1>pH0BcKo.) .
6/ .U.a ce Il83H BCeKH OT Kp'bBOCMeweHHe Me)K.Ay ,ZI.OMallIHH H po.n.-
HHHH, a HMeHHO 6ar_q3 H ,Zl.'bI.IJ.epH, CHH H Mafrn:a, 6p8T H cecTpa, cecrpa
H 6pa.T·, 381.IJ.OTO TaH K'bl.U,8 3anyCTHB8, OCHpOM8llleBa, 8 qeJIH,lJ.Ta CTaaa
ca_ KaTa, rJiyxa, HHMa, -HenpoKoncaHa H JIYJJ.8 - 33 CMHX H cpaM na
xopaTa . (Ba6a CToeHHU.a, c.68JIB8HllH, 6a6a )lecn8, c.PeceH, TopHoB.-
cKo, 6a68 MoM~ CTeq>aHoaa, c. TOJJ.hOBU.H, EJieHCKo, 6a6a Pyca CJia~o-
B8, c. KHnHJioao, 6868 )J;o6pa H 686a MapHH, c. Ta1>pJJ.HU.8.)
. B/ BcHKa )KeHeH8 }KeHa H }KeHeH M'b}K He 61rna JJ.8 XOJJ.HT C qy>K.zt
M'b1K HJIH IIY>KJJ.8 }KeH8, 38llJ.OTO B K'hl.IJ.8T8 BJIH3a ano, HeI.IJ.8CTHe, ; 60-
JieCTH H CHpOM8 lllHH. )l(eH8T8 , 8KO 3aqHe OT qy>KJJ. M'b>K, TOB8.,lJ.eTe.:I.IJ.e
6'b,Ae : IlHHHHU.a, KypB8pHH, H3e,l1.HHK•, X8HJJ.YK, 'Il8JIHI! H pa3CHilH K'hl.IJ.8 H
HHMa JI.a BHJJ.H npo,concuR, 8 38 POJJ.HTeJIHTe CH, KOHTO He ca HeroBH, i_qe
61>,Ae fOJIHMO Il8THjJo, Mo:>K, KOHTO HJJ.e c JJ.pyra >KeHa H CH JJ.OHJle :,Y
K'bl.IJ.H, TOH ,ZI.OH8CH or'bH- H noxrnp: JJ.eu.aTa MY i_qe ce paa6oJie.HT H YMH-
paT: cmo,cam a MY r_qe noqHe JI.a Mpe; M'l>Kama My (ceHo; }KHTO, c~aMa
H np.) I.IJ.e ce naJIH HJIH i_qe H oTHece ao.n.a. .
' M aKO IlOCTJrrHe HHKOH K'bl.IJ.3. e,lJ.HO OT nm HJIH HHKOJIKO HeI.IJ.8CTHH-
HapO,l1.HaTa BHpa co11H Toaa K8TO H8Ka3amre 60>1<He .3a c'i'opeHo npe-
Juo6oJJ.eHHHe Ha :>KeHaT8 HJIH M'h:>Ka. (B86a )lecna, c. PeceH, 6a6a MoMa,
c. TOJJ.hOBU.H, 6a6a Pyoa, c. KHhHJIOBo H .n.p,)
He 61rna HHKOH JJ.8 BO,ZI.H 6Jiy.ZI.eH )KHBOT. Hapo.n.HaTa Bjipa YTB'bp-
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Kapim6aTcKo, Cps.' )I(. cTap., VI, 20, § 7 .) . ·
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KonaHHH H Ba6HH,ne·u.
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C poceHa, C'bC cnacOBCKHTe neCHH.
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HA POil.HA Bf[PA 361
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ao roA OTKaaan·, a~moro MJia,na 6ora ropHJI Karo or1>H. Tp1>rHaJ1a Ha-
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THMCTBo, ow.e H 6oroMOJICTBO. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BanaaHII.H, 6a6a
B'bp6a. fHHeaa, c. Pecett, T1,puoacKo, 6a6a Pyca Cnaeoea, c. KHrrHJIO-
·Bo, 6a6a KaTepHHa, c. ·PHJia. Cpe. C6HY, I; 13; IV, 10, 13.)
KaTo po.l{H.Tia MJia,IJ.a 6ora, 60.>Ka Ma.HKa ro rypttana B sJiaTHa JIJOJI-
Ka H OTHllIJia B ropaTa Aa .ff B'bp.>Ke Ha tJHCTO MHCTO H TaM HaMepHJia
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pHHa, C. PHJia.)
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Ha 6ora, npHeno ro H npe,nano no caoero cxeam.aHe; TO He MO.>Kano .na
npHeMe 6ora KaTO CHpOMaX H 6e,neH, 33TOBa ro o6Kp'b.>KHJIO C KonpH-
Ha H 3Jl3TO.
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JIOHHJIO, TO e 6Hno Ma.>K..l{paHoao (6a6a KarepHHa, c. PHJia. Cpa.
C6HY; VII, 15; VIII, 23); aaToea [60.>Ka MaifKa] ro rrpoKnena.
BcHtJKH ,nopBeTa crrpeJIH JIHCTaTa CH .na He llIYMHT,Ta .n.a pas6y..l{HT
MJia.l{a 6ora,caMo e,z:r.Ho ,z:r.1,peo _. rpenerm-rna,He cnpHna caoHre JIHcra,
aaroea ·ca. Boropo,z:r.Hua ro rrpoKJieJia . (Ba6a CroettHUa, c. EaJiaaHUH,
TopHOBCKO, 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopuoscKo, 6a6a KarepHHa, -c.
PH.ila. _Cpa. C6HY, VI, 6; VIII, 24, N229.)
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6a6a KarepHHa, c. _ PHJia, .UyrrHHlllKO, Cps. C6HY, VII,. 15, N220.)
Karo po.n.Hna Mna,z:r.a 6ora Hmi ·ow.e 60.>1<H11e, 60.>Ka MaHKa rroKa-
HHJia BCHTe JKeHH .n.a H OTH.l{3T Ha nora11a. TioKaHHJta H M8.HKaTa Ha
AHreJIHHa, KOHTO aaeena H ,11.'b~epH CH ·(MOMHtieHue ow.e). TaMO He.H
naKapanH· ,na n10nee MJia,na 6ora H TH ro JifOJIHJia H MY nHJia necHH,
Ta 60.>Ka MaiiKa ce CMHJIHJia H ii ,z:r.apHna KOIJPHHeHa KOUiyJIH, ·rnapeHa
'H nHcaHa: ,,Ha r1>p,nH ii .HceH Meceu, Ha nJieW.H H CJI'bHUe rpee, no
nOJIH if CHTHH 3Be3,z:r.H".(6a6a CroeHHUa, C. BaJIBaHUH, 6a6a .Uecn a H
6a(fa B1,p6a_ , c. PeceH, T1>pH0BcKo, 6a6a KarepHHa, c. PHJia,.UyrrHHWKo.
cp·a·. C6HY, III, 20; VII, 6; VIH, 4; AT. Hill. N270.)
Ca. Map1rn, (naK 60.>Ka MaHKa) aatnana Ha cKyra Ha ca. TieTpa -H
TOif.SI c1,6y,nHJI .na-BH.l{H 11y,no: KaK r-p:ernHHTe, H3l<yneHH H H3MOJieHH UT
6ora qpe3 MHJIOCTHHH, H3JIH33T H3 IT'bKbJia H npeMHHaBaT B paH np-e3
'b'HKO snaKHO KOHOneHO. TH BH,!(RJla•TOBa qy,z:r.o_,_ KaK BCHllKHTe npeMH-
3p2 l(H. MHT1 ,P MAPH HOB

HaJIH, caMo TPH .n.ywH He M0)KaJIH .n.a MHHaT. (6a6a KaTepH.Ha~ c. PJt_ JJa.
Gp~. C6HY, I II, 3,6, · .N23.') . ·. . .
BcHqKH te THH. neCHH ca o6Jieqe aH caMO a xpHCTH-~HCKO o6JJ_ ~~o,, e
a C'hJJ.bp)KaaHeTo ."HM e ycTaHoB"efio ·o i aapo.n.HaT~ anpa~ . . .
. X pHCTHSIHCTBOTO, K3KTO -·ce, crioMeHa· m'.>;.ro}Je_;: e '. )(0UIJIO_ ~=nu.~. c
n·pa3HHUH . B qecT Ha pa3JiH'IH_H _· aacJiy)KHJI"H Ha .U'bpKB3T8· '·}{ ~~P~ta:
a~OCTOJIH, MbqeHHUH, CBeTHTeJIH H CBeTUH H C npa3HH UH, nocBeTe!-Uf tta·
B_e XT03aB eTHaTa UbpKBa : npop·o uH, naTpHa pcH H .n.p. Hapo.n. HaTa _ Bfl'?~
If TYK ce He ·npOTHBHJia: TH npHeJia THH npa3HHUH caMO C TOBa--yc .no-
BHE!~ m.qTo o6pe.n.HTe, o6Hll8H Te H .>KepTB0ilpHHOilleHH.ffTa, KOHT(f ' e·
TH ·. ycTaH0BHJia npH npa3HeHCTBaTa B qecT Ha CB0HTe H.ffKO_ta.~HJfl
069)Kae MH C'bIIJ.eCTBa H .nyxoae , .n.a OCTaHaT HenoKb TH8TH H npH H0al:fTe
npa3HH UH, K0HT.O ce CbBil8J].8JIH C'bC CTapHTe npa3HH UH 6HJJO no 'HMeTO-
Ha CBeTHHTe, 6~JI0 no .ZJ.HHTC Ha THXHOTO npa3Hy BaHe.
XpHC'PHRHCTBOTO H TYK OTCT'bITHJlO H .eTHorpaq>'bT npH CBOHTe
H3CJie.ZJ.B8HHH cpema ce C T8KHB8 HBJieHHH: _qHCT0 CTapospeMC.lfH,..
MHTHtleCKH o6pe.ZJ.H, o6Hll8H , necHH H )KepTB0npHH0UieHHH, npHe~Jt OT
iq,pKBa Ta B xpHCTHHHCKO o6JieKJIO, H c HMeHa Ha CBeTUH JI 6oroyro .n.-
H_ ~UH xpHCTHHHCKH. Hi-ie H TYK me npHBe,neM HS!K0H npHMep H.
., ; · Cs. HHKOJia e U.bpKoBeH cseTHTeJI. Hapo.n.HaTa B.Hpa np_ HeJia
np~3ltH K8 B Herosa ·lleCT (6 JJ.eKef\.tBpH), HO 3a.ZJ.'bp)K8Jla BCHqKH 06-pe'.n,H,
0611t1aH, neCHH, )KepTBOnpHHOilleHHH, K0HT0 TH e 6HJia npHHaCSTJia ~SI•
. Kora Ha CBOH HHKora UieH JlYX HJIH IOHaK, KOHTO .6HJI o6Jia)la'reJI Ha
0

M'opeTO, B0)lHTe H BeTpOBeTe. PH6HHK'bT, o6pe)lHHTe XJI HOOBe, 06HiiitJI Te

lt'··necHHTe ca OCTaHaJIH KaTO HeOTeMJieMa tJaCT OT npa3HH Ka Ha CBe'l'H-
TeitH HHKOJi aii Mnp.riHKHHCKH 11y)loTBopeu. ·
. B neCHHTe CB. HH.KOJia ce pHcysa C KpHJie, C K0HTO XB'bp'IH:
Ha,n MopeTaTa H MHbro nbTH ce HMeHyaa ,,cTapH cs. HHKOJi a , C1L Hu-:
0

KOJia e IOHaK C'bc· CB1>pxt10Bell,1Ka CHJia·. Cs. HHKOJi a HMa qme if~~~~
6paTH-10HaUH H Te .CH paa.z:teJIHJIH CBeTa Il0Me)l(.ZJ.Y CH. B THH .ne,n(5~ ·ce
n·a)iHaJio: cs·. HHKOJia no MOpe ii.a 'XOJJ.H, ·no Mope .n.a X0)lH, reMHH ,Ila
xpenH; na.l(HaJio MY ce ome 6po.ZI.oBe· Ha peKJtTe; na.ZI.HaJI_o MY 'ce,pw.e-
cii'}1)1(6H H TpaneaH . Ha ')lpyrHT e MY 6paTH: CB. ATaHac , CB. Hn'~H,
ca :' Haan, ca: PaureJI H TieT1>p ce · na)lHaJ io - Ha ca. HBalt Ky.M-
c:s.
CTBo', no6paTHMCTBO u ome 6oroMOJICTBO; Ha CB. ATaHaC ce na)lH"aJIO,
31{1iHH Jie)lOBe H CHeroBe; ·Ha CB.Tie np - KJIIO'I0Be OT paH,TOH ll(e = i ·eJUt
ITJj_e,lJ. BpaTaTa H me OTBapSI :H ·3aTBapH ue6eCHHTe BpaTa; Ha ca:,; lf;ffHsr·
c~ ria;:rnaJIO JieTHH rpoM0TeBHUH H c~eTKaBHUH; na.ZI.H8JI0 My ce 3e)411Ta
a· A1>JI6HHe II He6oTO B1>13 BHCHlie; Ha ·CB. PaHTeJI ce na,lJ.HaJIO M'bp~i 'e- .,
.ny.J'.IIH. . . ,
'I (TiecHJ,fTe H3 c6opHH Ka .Mlf, CJIYllI3HH OT 6a6a CroeHH Ua C. Ban-
B aHilH, T1>pHOBCKO, 6~6a To)lop? ; c'.'·· HoBo ceJio, CeBJIHeBc~o, -~~6a
;B1,p6a, c. KpaJI 6_y ~ap, T'hpupa cKo. Cps. sapHaH TH .B C6HY~ .JI·,
2,S, 'J!:fo7, 27, N28; ,~ll,-- 5~, ,¥22;
.N't>30' ' H ,ll.p.) ', . . ,
x:.
<f2 ff 24;"AT. HJI., .N2266, 306; " 'MB.JI.,.
, .
··· · ca·. Hm<oJi a c~ CTSlra µ.a OTHP.e B paH,~ no Hero TporHaJJH 00~
 H)lPOJiHA Bf[PA 363
MY, ~aiiKa My H cecTpa :My, HO ro11 rH BbpHaJI, qe re He ca JJ.OCToHHH~
~~:,
-~N~~~T B pan. (~a.6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH. Cpa. C6HY, X,..
.C B. HHKoJia MO>Ke JI.a pa3Mp'h3He 3aMp'b3HaJJoTo l.Jepno Mope .
..i\\pp~TO 33Mpb3HaJIO nocpeJJ. JHITO no TTeT.pO~JJ.eH H KOpa6HTe OCTa--
H~~w~cpe.n JieJJ.a. XopaTa ce noMOJIHJIH Ha ca . HHKOJia H TOH ro pa3-
J\~p.i,a~1aJI. (Ba6a MHqa, c . Ko3ap 6eJiette, CBHllI.OBcKo. Cpa. C6HY, .
I; ~.fi, 27; IV, 22, N23.) ,
Ca. HHKoJia ce CTHra ,na OTHJJ.e Ha noraqa Ha MJJa,na 6ora; TOH
CH ~pBaJI KOHH B .TeMHHHa, 6e3 6opHHa, Ha HCHa Mece~HHa; BCHqKH c,B e-
TH~ ·xaTO Ha HaH-CTap JJ.HB8H C TOHT H HHKOH He CMee JJ.3 ro no TIHTa )le-
K~l-'l..l!e OTHJI.e; HaeJI ce CaMO CB. l1BaH H ro nonHTaJI; TOi'I MY o6a,nHJI, qe
ce PtiJJ.HJI MJia.u.a 6ora H ca n0Katten11 acu caenrn .u.a MY oTHJJ.aT na rrora-
q~.· Toraaa ce crernaJIH BCHlJKH: OMeCHJIH nHTH, H3TI'bJIHHJIH TTJIOCKH,
c~e,n1aJI11 K9He H OTHWJIH . (Ba6a CToenHua, c. 6aJIBaHUH . CpB. C6HY ,
IV~- 21 , N!!l .)
Cs. HHKOJia e H x9p0Hrpaq 1:f Hrpae xopo .n.o MOMa. Ca . HHKOJia:
xopo Hrpa H JJ.O Hero MaJIKa MOMa, ,,MaJIKa MOM3 C ThHKa pH33, ThHKa.
p~aa: Ko11pHHeHa". Cs. HHKOJia H nonHTaJI KOH H .u.aJI TaH p113a,
~ ·T~ My o6a>K.u.a, 11e ii e no.u.apHJia cB. Boropo.n.Hua, samoTo JIIOJIHJia.
MJ1a)1.a 6ora. (Ba6a CToeHHUa, c. BaJIBaHUH, .T'bpHoBcKo. Cpa. C6HY,
vu~, 4. N21.)
Ca. HHKOJia Kopa6 Kase, sa .n.a nJiaaa no l.JepHo, no BHJIO Mope;
Karo ro CB'bplllHJI, Tp'brHaJI 110 MOpeTO H Ha IIJ.HTa, Ha K'bpMaT a ceJJ.H3JI"
6-r;at My CB. l1JIHH, KOHTO 6HJI 3aIIOBeJJ.HHK Ha BHxpyrnKFITe. KaTO TIJia--
B~:rIH, cpemnaJIH ca 11a IIbTH CH MopcKaTa 10.u.a ~ cpeJJ.HHOIII.H, noJiy'HOIIJ.H.
Tif 'il.ria·e aJia .u.a y.u.apH Kopa6a H .n.a ro noTOIIH: Toraaa ca. HHKOJia
nO.MO,!lHJI 6paTa CH CB . l1JIHH C OKO )la MHrHe, Ta 30pa .u.a JJ.HfHe (.u.a c e.·
s336pu), c KpHJIO .u.a TpenHe, Ta or'hH .u.a xaane. Ca. l1JIHH ro no::JiywaJI ,
B,IUf fHaJI sopa H xBaHaJI Of'bH H MOpcKaTa 10.u.a OTCJia6HaJia,Ta H YJIOBHJIM.
T~· JIM ce MHJIHO MOJIH .u.a H onpoCTHT, 33lll.OTO TH Hee MOpcKa IOJJ.a, a e·
6dJK'a MaHKa; Te TI03H3JIH, qe rH JI'b>Ke, 33TOB3 H 38BeJIH C'bC ce6e CH .
(:Sapa CToeHHUa, c . BaJrnau·u n, TbpHoBcKo. Cpe. C6HY, 10; NQ12.)
(Ha~HTe IOH~U.H cpemaJIH BHJIH, yJiaBHJIH fH H rn BO)].HJIH y n.o,Ma CH.)
. B c6opHHUHTe ce cpem.aT om.e H HHKOH BapHaHTH OT TIOJJ.06HH Iie-•
ci,H, qJ1eTa c'hJJ.bp>KaHHe, KaKTo H Toaa JJ.OTYK H3JIO>Keko HMa aaitM-
C'tBy~aHo OT xpHCTH~HCTBOTO, a noBetJeTO e po>K6a Ha HaweTo ttapo-·
.zufo · BHpBaHe. ._
Ca. BacHJIH e U.'hpKoeeH csenneJI. Hapo.u.HaTa BHpa npHeJia )la
Tal:f~ tteroea~a naMeT, HO 38JJ.bp>KaJia BofqKHTe o6peJJ.H H o6n~~.~ -
. Ce. HeaH Kp1>cTHTeJI e npneT OT HapOJI.HaTa BHpa,KoSITO 3a.li,op>Ka-
Jta p6peJJ.HTe H o6Hqa~Te cTapospeMcKH .. H JI.Hee CB. HaaH e ·e:zi.uu · OT
i.UfCTHM~Ta 6paT.H-IOH3UH ,KOHTO CH pa3JI.eJIHJ1H He60TO H ae~HITa '.if rie'-
~ff01'~ H .u.ttecKa ce neHT B neroBa qecT, queTo C'bJJ.op>KaHHe e · 3 a11~-
c'tny.aaHo :~T xpHCTHHHCTBOTO.
·. Ce. ATanac e ceeTHTeJI U'bpKosett. Hapo.n.~aTa BHpa ro npe.ncTaB-
 :164 J!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

JHIBa KaTo o6n~aTen Ha ne,l(oseTe H cHeroseTe; KaTo ,noiiJJ.e HerQB~H_ T

· AeH (18 HHyapH), Torasa e cpe)( 3HMa H TOH ce o6JIHqa B Konpt1Heaa
pH3a H_ T'bH no pH3HU8 Tporsa )(8 XO,l(H.
Cs. reoprH, seJIHKOM'b'leHHK xpHCTHHHCKH. HapO,l(HaTa BHpa ro
npHeJia KaTo cseTeu H 'leCTByBa ,l(eHH My· C I'OJIHMO 'M>p~ecTBO, -ijO B
C'bIIJ.OTO BpeMe e 3ana3HJia BCH'IKHTe o6pe,l(H, o6H'laH H m:epTBODp~HO-
weHHH, 3aha3HJia e H o6pe,l(HHTC. necHH,B KOHTO CB. reoprH ,nane~e He
,ce pHcyaa H npe,llCTaBJIHBa KaTO cseTeu,a KaTO tJOBeK, KaKBO~ BH.ZJ.ijXMe
.no-rope 3a IOHaUH, KOHTO HM8JIH )leBeT c1>pua; ~OHTO ca H~.ZJ.HJIH Ha XS'bp-
KOB8TH ,KOHe; Mer)(aH )(eJIHJrn C'bC caMO)(HSH, 3MeifoBe ·H xanH; KOHTQ ~a
·CJIH38JIH B )(OJIHa 3eMH; KOHTO ca H3JIHTaJIH B'bB BHllIO· He6o; KOH:ro _c a
Ha,ll6'bp3SaJIH HCHO CJl'bHUe - H BCHK'b,lle no6e)(HTeJtH H3JIH3aJI~.
TporHaJI e uaeTeH reoprH,Ha feprhOB)(eH ,na o6H.ZJ.H ,,3eneH c~B.op:\
.Ha_~'bTH CH cpew.oM ·cpew.a CTapa IO,lla,caM01J.HB8;'1e CH Kapa TPH CIJJI:
)\>KHpa qepHO po6e: nopBH CHH,ll:>KHp ce opa'IH, ;i.pyrH CHH.ZJ.>K,H,p. ~e
oaqapH, Tpel'H CHH.ZJ.>KHp ce Kona'IH. UseTeH reoprH .ZJ.p'bnHan ca6sr,
.Ta- TIOCHK'bJI CTapa IO.ZJ.8 H OT'bMHaJI TPH CHH,ll:>KHpa qepHO po6e. (113
-c6opHHKa MH, cnymaHa . OT 6a6a MapHH CTo.SIHosa, c. TTalllaKbOH,
'5lM6oJicKo. Cps. C6HY, JV, 8; VIII, 15; IX, 6.) ·
TaH neceH ce pee, .llO.ZJ.eTo ce BHe aeHeI.{ 3a :>KepTBaTa - repr:f?OB-
·CKO arHe.
TporHaJJ'e UBeTeH reoprH .ZJ.a o6H,llH HHBeH C'bHOp; Ha n'bT cpem.a
·<:ypa JiaMH; n'bT MY. npe'IH,· XO)t He ,llaBa; 3aTBOpHJia llleCT nJiaHHl:IH, 38K-
..lIIO'IHJia rnecT H3B0pH, Ta He ,ll8Ba KanKa BO.ZJ.8. 113B8.ZJ.HJI CH OCTpa..ca-
-0.H, Ta noceqe cypa naMH, Tpoornaaa, llleCTOKpHna, ,naaHaiiceTpna-
rnaTa. 0TCHK'bJI ii .ZJ.O TPH rnaBH, Ta noTeKJIH .ZJ.O TPH peKH; e)l.Ha _peKa
)K'bJJTO .>KHTO no opatJH, .z:tpyra peKa poiiHO BHHO no Kona'IH, TpeTa,;p~,Ka
Me.z:t ··lf MaCJIO no OBtiapH,. (Ba6a MapHH CTOHHOBa, C. namaKbOH,,
5IM6oncKo, 6a6a To.ZJ.opa, c . llepeKbOH, Kosonara'IKO.)
• - Cs. reoprH B'b3C.e.ZJ.HaJI apaHa KOHH .ZJ.a o6H.z:tli seneH C'bHOp, na.Q'.fU-
'lll'bJI B ,llOJilfa 3eMJI.H; TaMO cpew.1;1_aJI cypa JiaMH, ~o e 3aK..TJ10'1H..'Ja BGH l{3-
·BOpH H He ,llaBa KanKa BO.ZJ.a; sa 'lallla BO)l.a B3HM~ no ,neBOHKa. Pe.zt. e
,AOUIJIO ,llO uapcKaTa_.ZJ.'hW.epH, HO CB.feoprH nOCH1Ia cypa Jl8MH H pn,p-
B2H3a uapcKaT~ .ZJ.ow.epH. (Ba6a Pa.ZJ.a ToHbOBa, c. TopHoso, XacK9B-
cKp. C6HY, I, 30; MH!L, N~3l. Cpa. npHKa3KaTa C6HY, III, 220.) a
nee ce Ha Tpane3aTa, KoraTo ce H.ZJ.e arneTo. ·
. · ~s. feoprH ;;xopo Hrpa, xop~' Hrpa, . xopo BOJ(H; xopon0w.e pa~-
Mrpasa, MaJIKH MOMH pa3TPOillaBa -· 0TCTp8J·la CTOH lieroBa.Ta. Ml\.P·8
-cecTpa, MHJia cecTpa PaHH-none; HaKpaii CTOH H roaopu: ,,Oii Te -re6e,
.MHJIH 6paTe, OTilYCHH ce OT xopOTO, Ta c0· H,l(H y noJieTo, ,na o6HJlHlll:3e-
.JieH C'bHOp: 3HMHHU.aTa H3I'HHana, npo.TieTHHU.a lie HHKHana." Ha
reoprH e ,ll0)K8JIHJIO, Til.Ce nycHaJI OT xopOTO H OTHlli'bJI .n.a 06HJ(H 3eJie.H
·C'bHOp. QTKJIIOlJHJI He6o H 3eMH H nopocHn CHTHa poca, Ta 3HMHH,U.8Ta
nopacuana, a nponeTHHUaTa H3HHKHana. (Ba6a IleHa TauboBa 1 c .
.T'I>p~OB_ O, XaCKOBCKO. C6HY, XII. 10; lllanK., N~28.) nee ce K i>aA
·l)eKaTa.,, KoraTo rpe6aT Bo,l(a, HapeqeHa t{Bemoeama oooa. ·
 HAPOJZHA Bf/PA 36S-
· Cs. feoprn yJiaBH Jral\rnTa a TpoH, Ta HaKapaa TpoHHCKHH nap-
.Ila TIOBHpBa B XpHcTa. Toaa e neceH C'bC C'bJI.'bp:maHHe; 38HMCTByBaHo
QT xpHCTHHHCTBOTO. (Ba6a Pa.na, c. TopHoBo. Cpe. MHJJ., .NQ3.8.}
.. CB. Cnac (Bo3HeceHHe) H3Jl.H Ha KOH H ce rpH:mH 3a ceHT6HTe ;
H TOM MO:me .na OTKJIIOtIH He6o H 3eMH H .na HaKapa .n.a 3apocH CHTea
Jl'b}K){eu. (Ba6a MapHSI, c. ITarnaKbOH.) Tosa ca cnacoecKHTe 06pe;rn11
neCHH.
· Ce. Hm-rn, aexTo3aBeTeH npopoK, uopKeara e epe.n.HJia jj quc-
JJOTO Ha CBeTUHTe H B'b3TipOH3Be>K.n.a CJIYtJKaTa H3 >KHBOTa My.
KoraTO, 38 .na HaKa:me HeBepHeTo Ha eBpeikKHH uap, C MO.flllTB3T3 Cl,f
K'bM 6ora 3aKJIIOtIHJI He6oro, Ta He KanHaJIO Jl.'b:>KJl TPH fOJlHHH.IlOcJie
CB1>purnaHeTo Ha CBOHTa npopoqecKa MHC"HH TOH ce B'b3HeC'bJJ Ha He60TO
}KHB Ha orHeHa KOJieCHHUa. .
Hapo.n.HaTa 1:rnpa e np-HeJla HeroBHH npa3HHK,KaTo e 33.ZJ.op:maJJa
· o6peJlHTe H o6HtiaHTe H .>KepTBaTa - qepeeH neTeJI, c- necHHTe. B no-
HHTHeTo H BHpBaHeTO Ha Hapona 33 CB. HnHH HMa HHKOH Hew.a, cxo-
)lHlf C pa3K838 B'bB Be~THH 33BeT 33 npopoK HJJHH,HO Tyf1 Hapo.n.Ho BHp-
BaHe ro pucyea, qe TOH xo.n.n Ha ortteua KoJiecHHua,neTH H3 06Jiau1iTe c
HeH H C'bC CBO.H K8MllIHK Kapa KOHeTe. Toft .naea rp'bMOTeBHUaTa H CBeT-
KaBHUaTa H TOH 33KJIIOtIBa o6JiaUHTe H M'bfJIHTe, Ta KoraTO HCKa, nycKa
;i.'h}K){; KOraTO He HCKa, npaBH cyrna H nyKa 3eMHTa B Jl.'bJT6HHe H llIH-
pHHe, Ta npona.neaT xopara B THH nyKH3THHH: ,,CTapuH C_6eJ1H 6pa,nH,
IOH8UH c BpaHH KOHe, HeBeCTH "C M'b:>KKH .neua u )leBOHKH ·C UBeTHR
KHTKiL"
CB. HJIHH e e,nHH OT neTHM8Ta .6paTH-IOH3UH,KOHTO CH pa3)1.eJIHJIH
He6c>TO H 3eMHT8 H B TaH )leJI6a MY ce na,nHaJIO JieTHHTe rpoMOTeBHUH
H TpecKaBHUH ,na)lH3JIO MY ce 3eMHTa B Jl'bJI60tJHHa, He6oTO B'bB bHCO-
tIHHa H T'bMHHTe o6JiaUH; no.n He60TO .na XOJlH, .na JleTH no T'bMHHTe
o6JiaUH, .na CH C'b6Hpa· M'bfJIH H o6JiaUH H )la fH 3aKJIIOtIBa B l!epHOTO
Mope; JI.a 3aKJIIOtIBa, ow.e .na oTKJIIOtIBa H .na .nae a poca n .no:m.n.oee.
(Ba6a Pa.n.a, c. Top HOBO, XacKoBcKo. Cps. C6HY, I, 158; II, 26;
Ill, 35, .N22; 12· H 24; AT. HJI., N2266 H N2306: MHJI., NQ30 n Jlp.)
no MOJI6aTa Ha·ce. BoropoJI.HUa H ce. Mar;:r.aJIHHa MJIH cs. HeJI.e-
JIH TOH 38KJIIOtIHJI He60TO TPH fO)I.HHHi Ta He KanHaJJa KanKa Jl.'b}K)l,
Ta aeMHTa nponyKHaJia )I.eBeT Jl8KTH )I.'bJ160KO H llIHpOKO. Toea CTOpHJI,
38 JI.a HaK~:me 6e3aepJieTo Ha JiereHUH. Te ca ce pa3KaHJIH, Ta notIHa-
JIH B qepKB8 ,na XOJlHT, )I.a ce ·Kp'bCTHT H )la TIOBHpBaT B 6ora. Tora-
Ba H CB. MJIHH OTKJJIOtIHJI He60TO Jcl 3eMHTa H 38B3JIHJIO )l'I.,)K)l. (I-fa c6op-
HHK8 MH, cJJylllaHa OT 6a6a Pa.na ToHbOBa, c. ToµHoeo, XacKoecKo._
Cps. C6HY, I, ~58; II, 26, N27; X,. 12, N24; MuJI., ,M!30.)
· CB. HJIHH ce pa360JIHJI H JJe.>KaJI 6oJieH Ha nocTeJIKa JJ.eBeT ro,nHH,
Ta ,neBeT ro.nHH He noaeHJI ee,:peu., He 3apocHJJ .npe6ett Jlb)K,neu. CecTpa
MY cs. Mapi:rn TpbrHaJia UHP .na MY T1>pcu; cpew.HaJia H CB; BoropoJJ.n-
ua H if K838Jl8 ,na ro 3anoH C MJISIKO OT KOWYTHU.a H me 03JJ.paeeee H
nu cTaHaJio. CB. MapHH OTHWJia Ha np'hx nJJaHHHaTa, )leTo nacaT
KOWYTHUH, xeaHaJia e.nua H SI H3)J.OHna; Ill.OM IlHHaJI OT MJISIKOTO~Be,A•
 ,'

'f.166 lI. H M H T 'b P M A P H 'it O B

Ha{a 03ApaBHJI, -ra

OTKJilOqHJI 4epHo ~1ope H 3aseHJI X,!Ja.neH eei:p~1.(
ii papoc1:w. ~pe6eH .l{o:>K.neu (I-fa c6opHHKa ~nt o~ ,6a6a 11.ecna, c. 11.e.Re~ta
.XJle; K1>31>JiaraqKo; Cps .• C6HY, IV, 11, NC?20.) TTeHJia ce ttstkora,
KoraTo ca KJiaJIH nerena.
Ca. 11JIHH 3aCBHpHJI C Me.l{eH KaBaJI, Ta IlOBHKaJI BCH Cl}eTHH )ta rH
'J.i3nHTBa KOH e CT0pHJI T8H pa.nocT' Ta orpeHJI0 JIHTH0 CJI'bHU,e H HCHa
tvteceqHHKa. (C6HY, I, 15.)
TTpHna.nHaJia e T'bMHa MbrJia H CB. 11JIHH IlOBHKBa BCHTe CB~T.UH,
Ta HaMepHJIU .nae 3MeHqeTa . H rH nycHaJIH B fbCTa M'brJia. To He J>.ffJIO
r~Ta M'hrJia, no e 6HJIO cypa naMH. (:Vb c6opHHKa MH. Cps. C6HY,
1

lX, 7.)
Ca . . fleT'bp e
anocTOJI XpHCTOB, K0MYT0 U'bpKBaTa e ycTpq~JJa
upa3HeHcTBo. Hapo.nHaTa BHpa e npHeJia TOH npa3HHK se.nHo' c npe.na-
~HeTo Ha xpHCTHHHCTBOTO,qe TOH .l{bp.>KH KJIIOqoaeTe OT paH. Hapo_ ~HaTa
BHpa o6aqe ro npe.ncTaBJIHBa KaTo e,nHH or neTHMaTa 6paTH-10Hau1t;_~6H-
TO ca pa3.LI.eJIHJIH He60TO H 3eMHTa, Ta MY ce na.nHa~H KJIJOqos~-r~-OT
.paH; TOH .na ce.nH npe.n spaTaTa Ha He6oTO .na OTBapH H .na rH 3aTB;;,tpH.
_ HeMy ce npHHacH ~ .>1<epTaa qepseHa H61>J1Ka, Hapeqetta ,,neTpos-
Ka Ji61>JIKa", B 3HaK,_. qe TOH na3H paft:cKaTa rpa.LI.HHa.
Ca . 11.HMIITpH e XpHCTHHHCKH M'bqeHHK,KOMyTo II.b pKBaTa e ycTp0H-
Jia npa3HeHCTBO . Hapo.nHaTa BHpa e rrpHeJia TOH npa3HHK, HO e _3ana-_
3J{Jla neCHHTe, KOHTO e C'b3.ll.8Jla HHKOra, K3TO 3aMeHHJia HMeTO CB. 11.H
MHTpH. 11 CB. 11.HMHTbp _e e)J.HH IOHaK CBpbX~CTeCTBeH . C1>6paJil{ ce BCH
·CBeTHH He6eCHH H ca OTHllIJIH npe.n 6ora )(ace Tb:>KaT, qe HHKOH e 3ana-
.JJHJI . CaeTa fopa H caeToropcKH MaHacTHpH. HaMepHJIO ce, qe rH 3ana-
JiH.ri CB . .llHMHTpH H 6paT MY MiixaHJI. 3aToaa"6H.:lH 0:::1>.neHH H 3aTBO·
_peHH 3a TpH ro,nHHH Ha .l{bHOTO Ha MOpeTo. TpH rO,U.HHH Jie.>KaJIH: TPH
.rO,U.HHH paTaHTe CH .neHH He _3HaHT, Ha osqapHTe ce cpoK He. 3Hae;
•'k.anKa .ll.'h:>KA He e KanHaJio,cnpeJIH ce BCHqKH BeTpoae H npaxoBe,BcH-
qK11 CJiaHH H MbfJJH .
CB. TTeTKa MY e TeTKa, a CB. He,u.eJI.H - JieJIH . Te ce o6JieKJIH B
1.1ep1:10 H 3eJieHo H 0THI.llJIH npH 6or·a ,u.a ce MOJIHT 3a Hero. Ho rqcno.n
c1>pm-n HM oTroaopHJI: ,,Hee MHTpe 3a nyI.IJ.aHe, HO e MHTpe 3a MopeHe,
·11e e 3anaJIHJI · CaeTa fopa H CB~ToropcKH MaHaCTHpH. OTKora ,:e H3-
rop~xa, OTTOraaa ,ll.'b:>K,U. He BaJIH, OTT0rasa ca crrpeJIH BCHlIKH MbfJIH
H npaxo~e, BCHqKn BeTpoae H MlffJIH." Te ce B'bpHaJI~ H OTHWJIH. npu
-00.>Ka MaHKa H _H MOJIHJIH .na 0TH.LI.e npH 6ora .na ro MOJIH. TH OTHUlJJa H
ro MOJIHJia H TOH ii OTfOB0pHJI: ,,JleJie, MaJie, CTapa MaMKO, y Te6e, ca
KJIIOqOBeTe OT TbMH.HU.HTe;- H.'I.H OTKJIJOqH T'bMUHUHTe H TIYI.IJ.H c·seTH
.MHTpe." 11 60.>Ka MaHKa ce Il0BbpHaJia H OTB0pHJia Tbl\1HHU.HTt\ Ta
nyl!~HJia CB. MHTpa (Ba6a B1>p6a, c. PeceH, TopHoacKo. Cps. C6HY,
III, 5, J\fa2.)
· Ha ca. HaaH ca OTKpa.nHaJT11 KpbCT0BeTe, c KOHTO e KP'hGTHJI
Heoo H_3eMSI, Ii TOH OTHI.IleJI, Ta ce 0nJiaKaJI Ha 6ora. focno,u. noB~l{aJI
B~H~KHTe CBeTI..pi He9ecHH ,U.a fH Cb)lH H ,na BH,ll.H .KOM e bTKpaJ,Vla.-1
x.p1>cT0BeTe. HaMepHJIO ce, qe cs . LlHMHTop rH OTKpa,u.HaJI, 3~TOBa roe-
HAPO/l.H .4 Bf/PA 367
-:i;q.n
r_ . 3aTBOpHJJ ro B n)KeH)J.eM 3eMH·
o 0Cb)J.HJI Ha TpH fO.II.HHH 3aTBop _
TpH. roJJ.HHH JJ.b)KJJ.eu He nopnci,w, HH't'o neTepel.l no.u.yxHaJT, Ta cJipa-
u~T~ _orJJa)J.HeJIH, a pa6oTHHUi ne o6oceJIH. Cl'wUIJIHJI ce rocno.n. H noBH-
Kan-;cs. l1J11-rn, Ta MY )l8JI KJIIOllOBeTe ,na OTH,ne )la OTBOpH TbMHHU,aTa
- LI)KeH.n.eM 3eMH, H ,na nycHe ca . .llHMHTpHH. (Ba6a Pyca CJiaaoaa,
c '. _KHIIHJioso, 6a6a MH11a, c. Ko3ap BeJTette, Cs1-u1J,0BcKo. Cps. C6HY,
VII, 13, N~17.) .
Cs. llHMHTbp ce 3a)KeHH.r1 H a3e~1 6sIJia He,aa. Tor, noKaHHJJ ~cH11-
KH cseTHH 3a csaT0Be Cal\IO 3a6paBHJI .n.a noKaHH ·cs. HJJHH (MHJJ.,
.N!!41). · .
Cs. Paure.1 .n.ywosa,L(HHK e e.u.m1 OT wecTHMaTa 6paTH-iottaU H,
KOHTO CH pa3)leJIHJIH CBeTa, a HeMy ce na,L(H3JIH MupTBHTe JIYWH.
TiocJie THH rJiaBHH CBeTUH H,ll.aT no-MaJlKHTe: CB. HrHaT-Hr Ha-
>K)leH, Ha11a.rIOTO Ha HapO)lHaTa HOBa ro,n:HHa; CB.CHJIBeCT pH, Hape11eH
KapaMaIJoa,neH, Ha anperaTHHT e aoJiose; ca . TpmpyH M'htJeHHK, Hape1.1ea
· a Hapo,n:HaTa asi:pa TpmpyH 3ape3aH, TpmpyH 11Hmrn, TpH¢YH nHHHH-
uaTa - o6Jia,naTeJI Ha B'bJIUHTe, Ha JI03HTa: CB. XapaJiaM6H - Ha qy-
J\taTa; cs. BJiacH - Ha 6oJiecTra BJiacH no roBe.n.aTa; cB. Ty.n.yp-Ty ny-
pHua - Ha KOHeTe: CB . lJen1pH,n:eceT MblleHHUJ{ - MJia.II.eHUH - Ha
•6a6a lllapKa; ca. Casa CTpaTHJiaT - PattonoJJHH HJJH PammoJie -
.Ha 3eJieH1ne HHBH H TpeBaTa; CB. TTpopoK"EpeMHH - Ha 3MHHTe; CB .
fepMaH, Hape·11eH fpa.II.yrnKap - Ha rpa.n.ywKa.ra; cB. AnocToJI
BapTOJIOMeH - Ha 3HMaTa; cpbpTyHaTa; CB. TTpopoK E.1rnce11 - Ha
ooJieCTTa JIHco; Po)K,necrBo Ha CB. Hoatt Kp'bCTHTeJI - Etthoa,n:eH - Ha
'6HJTKHTe, OT)leTO e Hape11eH CB. HBaH 6HJib06ep; cs.6e3cpe6p eHHUH
Ko3Ma H LlaMHaH - ttape11eH CB. Bpaq:11 - Ha Bpa11K1ne, 6aHtJKHTe
H npaBHJIU,HTe, T. e. Ha Hapo.n.HaTa Me,L(HUUHa H JieKapH; JieTHH CB.
ATaHac; CB. MblleHJiK Tipo K0TIH - Ha ntJeJIHTe H KowapHTe; CB . MblleHHK
l(HpHK H MaHKa MY CB. lOJrnTa; CB. M'btJeHHK AHTHHoreH H ,n:eceTTe
HerOBH y11eHHUH H CB. M'blleHHUa' MapHHa, ttape11eHH fopew.mn.1.H -- - Ha
~r'hHH, no>Kapa. Cs. MapHHa ce HapHtJa 0111.e Orttetta MapHtta: cs .
TiattTeJieH, ttape11eH TibTHHK; cB.MaKase11; CeKHosene; cs. HHcTop - Ha
. :MHWKHTe; CB. AnocTOJI <l>Hmrn - Ha MpaTHHUHTe (KOKOUiaTa 6oJiecT)
li na B'hJIUHte_; cs . AnocTOJl An.n.pel1 - Hape11eH E.ll.pe11 - Ha Me11-
.KaTa, H ow.e ,n:p._ .
BCHll KH THH npa3HHUH Hapo.n.HaTa BH pa e npHeJia, HO npHcno-
<:06HJia rH K'bM CB0H HHKoraWHH npa3HeHCTBa, KaT0 3ana3H.ila Heno-
.K'bTHaTH BCHllKHTe o6pe,llH, o6HllaH, neCHH H )KepTB0npHH0WeHI-IH,
KaKT0 T0Ba w.e ce BHJJ:H B 0T)leJia Ha o6H118HTe. •
HMa B Hapo,llmfTe yM0TB0peHHH, BlleceHH OT Hap0,UH0T0 BHpBaHe,
MHoro MaTepHaJTH,3aHMCTByBaHH OT C'b6HTHHTa BbB BeXT03aBeT!-IaTa
li HOBO3aBeTH aTa UopKBa. TaKa .HMa neCHH, KOHTO pa3npaBHT 3a PO>KJJ.e-
HHeTo Ha HcaKa H Ka-K AspaM HCKaJI ,na ro npHHece a )KepTBa, 0T)leTo e
HaBHpHo. sa~T MOTHB Ka~ To,nop, KaT0 HHMaJI artte 3a feprbOB)leH ,
llpHrOTBHJI CHHa CH HcTaTKO )la ro 3aK0JIH, HO attreJI'bT MY 3a)lbp)KaJI
pbKaTa H MY ITOCOllHJI BaKJIO arHe, Ta Hero 3aKJiaJI H ·OTHeC'bJI B Ubp-
 368 JIHMHT1,P MA PH HOB

KBaTa :la_Kyp6aH Ha feprboB.n.eH. (C6HY, II, 25, N~4.) C1,w.o no.n.o6tta:

CTOHH HHMaJI .n.eua H ce noMOJIHJI oory .n.a MY .n.a.n.e .n.e-re H ce ooew.aJI,tJe ~e
ro· npHHece B >KepTBa 6ory. Bor MY .n.aJI M'b.>KKO .n.eTe H TOH ro npHroTBHJI
.n.a ro saKOJIH. Ho KoraTo .n.HrHaJI Ho.>Ka, aHreJI'bT MY cnp.SIJI p1>KaTa ·n
MY nocotIHJI BaKJio arHe. (C6HY, II, 24, N£3.) I1Ma ow.e HHHOJTKO
' BapnaHTa. ·
11Ma TO>Ke neCHH c anoKpHCpHtJHO C'b,ll'bp)KaHiie: KaK CB. Boropo.n.H-
ua XO,llHJia no M'bKHTe H BH,ll.SIJia rpelllHHTe; KaK CB. He.n.eJI.SI H CB. ITe-r-
Ka BH,lleJIH M'bKaTa; KaK ca · HaMepHJIH tieCTHHTe XpHCTOBH Kp'bCTOBe,
KaK XpitCTOC OHJI OTHeceH npH 6ora H .n.p . ,HO Te He BJJH38T TYK B Ha111aTa
.Sa)l.atJa, Ta fH H3OCT8BHMe.
 4 acT BTO pa V

PEJIHrH 03H H 06M4AY1

24
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PEJJ.OBHO Oll PEJ J.E J/E HH flP A3H Ha H

H OB Hl. /AH

PeJIOBHHTe peJIJfrH03HH npa3HHUH }I o6HtJaH C'bC-

roea H Hero-
TaBJiffBaT :>KHBOTa Ha Hapq,na, Heroaara penHrHH, a npH
TBOTO H OT
BHH KaJieH.ztap . 3aw.oro cnope,n ycTaHOBeHHTe ·or XpHCTHSIHC
MeceUHTe, p'b-
Hap0,llHOTO BHpBaHe npa3HHUH Hap0)J.'bT 6poH )J.HHTe H
pa6o TH H ynpaB Jif1B 3
KOBO!\R Ce IIO THX B CBOHTe IlOJICKH H .l{OM8lllHH
ce B CBOH KaTanHeBeH lKHBOT. Ero 33µ.J.O peJIH rHO3 HHte n_pa3HHUH H
00Rll 3H Ha ,npyro MHCTO (e:>K·. )I(. crap_.' I) 33 C'bM fH HapeK'bJI
H a p o JJ. e H K ~ JI e H .n a p.

A. )KEPTBOilPH HOillE HH 5J
IlpH npa3HyBaHe npa3HHUHTe HHe ce cpew.aMe c
rrpa3HHK
TpH B3}KHH SIBJJeHH.H. HHTO e,ttHH rrpa3HHK He MOJKe ,na 60,ne
c pe;rnrH03HO 3HaqeHHe, He MOJKe ,na IipHre:>1<aea oHa.H ,nyxo
sHa YMH.:
H XpHCTHHH-
~OCTHBHTeJJHa CH~a , K3KBOTO H .nasa Hapo,nHaTa B.Hpa
pyJKH OT TH.ff TPH ycno -.
CTBOT,O, aKo TO.ff ~pa3 HHK ce He H3B'b pWH H npu.n
raa c o6pe-
BHH: .zta HMa 11<epTBa, ,na HMa o6pe,ZlHH XJISIOOBe ·H Ta.ff JKep
rsonpliHo-
.l(HHTe XJIH6oee .na 6oiia r npeKaJJ.eHH, oceereHH. H T'hH JKep
xm16oee-
ruenuero oe c,,croH or TJ>H 1iacrH: l. )Keprsa. 2. O6pe,nHH
3. · Ka.neee. ·

1. )l(EPTBA

)KepTBara ce KOJIH.
,Uepe-
6a6a ]loHa Y3yH-HHKonoea,. c. IllHnKa, 6a6a Mopcpa, c.
0THoro, Koe-
KhOH H 6a6a Kepa )l(en.H3Koea, _c. BanaaH, Ka3ear, 11e JKHB
60.zte :>KHBo;
-:ro e orpe,neHo ,na 60,!le npHHeceHo Karo JKeprea, TpH6ea ,!la
331.U0TO He e
M'bpUHHa JKHB0TH0 He 6HB3 .na 60,ne npHHeceHo HHK3 K,

npHHTH3 :>Keprea H BMeCTO ,no6po I.Ue ,!J.0Hece 3JI0.

ro I.Ue
)I(HBOTHO., IlTHUa HJIH p~6a TpSI6Ba .na 6'h.ZJ.8T. :>KHBH H Kora
1e Kpoe. Bea
60.nar npHHeceeH s :>1<eprea, .na ce .3aKoJIHT, ra ,na rrore1
·Kp'hB :>1<eprea He 6Hea . T 3pe-
AKo Karo )Keprea _ce rrpHHac.HT nno,noee, re rp.H6ea ,na 60.zta
.rrn; 3eJieHH nJio.ztoee 3a JKeprea 1:1e ca npHeTH. e ue
AKo ce npH!JaCH 3a >Keprsa HHKoe · pacreHHe, roea pac-r 8
Hue He ce
rpH6ea .zta e .nopacJio H .na . e U'hq>HaJio . He,nopacno pacre
n,pHe~a.
AI«> 32 >Keprea ce npHHacs ueere, roea U!ere .rpH6ea .na e u1><t>-
 372 JJ.HMHT'bP MA' PHBOB

HaJ10; n'hnKa He ce npHeMa; -ocBeH TOBa Tyii useTe TpH6Ba J(a 01>.it.e
pocao, Ha6paHo caMo cyTpHH; se11epHo 6paHo uBeTe He ce npHeMa, a
TaKa Co~0 H nosexHaJI0.
KoH H KaKBH o6eKTH BJIH33T B Kp'b'r a Ha 1KepTS.1tTep IlOCOIIH ce
n0Apo6Ho no-rope (c. 353.) . .

~ OBPE~HH- X3P50BE
. . O6pe~HHTe XJIS160Be npH lKeyrBonpHHOllleHHRTa
H oopeJ(HTe ce SIBHB8T KJTO TOJIKOBa Ba:>KHa H C'bl.U.ecTBeHa qacT ua
o6pe.n.a, moTo 6ea o6peJ(eli XJIH6 o6peJ( ue MO>Ke, >1<epTBonpHH01I1eH1teTo
e 6es HHKaKB0 3HalleHHe H CHJia. HanpOTHB, HMa cJiy'laH, KoraTO o6pe-
)J.'bT H :>KepTBOnpHHOIIIeHHeTO ce 'H3B'bp1IIB3T caM0 C o6pe.n.eH XJIH6.
O6pe)J.HHSIT XJISI0 He e 06HKHOBea XJIH6.,, KOHT0 ce MeCH aa KaTa)J.Hei;ma
xpaHa. TOH ce pa3JIH'laBa OT o6H.KHOBeHHSI no Ha'IHHa Ha npHrQTBR-,
HeTo· Ha TeCTOTO, no <t>opMaTa CH H no rnapKHTe, C KOHTO e Harnapeu.
TyK C'IHTaM aa HY>KHO .n.a .zta~ cJieJI.HOT0 o6J1cHeH~e.
Oope,ll,HHTe XJIH6oae, KOHTO ca co6HpaHR OT 1883-1900 r.,. ca
MeceHH npH \teHe OT 6a6HTe; MeCHJI C'bM rH a3 caMHll'bK npH THH 6a6H,
KOHTO nonpaaHxa nponycHaTHTe rpernKH npH nocTaBHHeTo Ha rnapKH-
Te, H nocJie TpeTH Il'bf ca MeceHH OT c1>mHTe 6a6H. TH.ft XJISI0OBe C'bM
pHCyBaJI HOT THH pHcyHKH ca H TYK npOH3BeQaHHTe o6pa3UH. XJIH-
' 6osere, KOHTO C'bM C'b611paJI OT 1904 -1906 r., ca ,C'b0paHH Bee no
c1>mHS1 HaqHH; opHrHH8JIHTe 6Hxa B ETHOrpaqm11ecKHH My3eH H 6Hx
noqHaJI .n.a rH fHTJCHpaM. O6aqe 33 6Hx YB0JIHeH OT Jl,Jl'b)KHOCTTa ,ll,HpeK-
TOp Ha My3eH H C'b6paHHTe o6pe,ll,HH XJISIOOBe ()CTaHaxa Her_ HTICHpaHH.
OcTaBeHH OTTIOCJie Ha TaBaHa Ha My3e.ff Ha npOH3BOJia Ha CJiy'laH,
THH XJIH60Be 6HJIH H3H)J.eHH OT MHllIKHTe. Oue.11eJJHTe OT MHlll°KHTe XJIH-
6oee npH npeHaCHHeTo Ha MY3~ OT CTap0TO B HPBOHaeTo 3)laHHe ca
6HJIH C'bB'bpIIIeHO H3noqyneHH If HanpaBeHH Ha CHTHH 33Jl'bUH.
Or THH opHrHHaJIH npe,ll,B~pHTeJIHO 6.HX CHeJl pHCYHKH, a OT
rHnCHpaHHTe-<t><>Torpaq>HqecKH CHHMKH.
Ho 'aoB BCH'IKHTe -ryK npe.ncTaB.eHH. o6paau.e ca aana3eHH ocnq-
KHTe lllapKH BHpH0 C; H8H-M3JIKHTe non.po6HOCTH. .

a) 3 a M e C B a H e T e CT 0 T 0
KoraTo me ce ~aMecaa TeCT()II'O aa o6pe.ztHR XJl'Hoo&e.
6parnHoTo me e oTJIH'leHo H ceeHeTo me cTaBa no Ha'IHH ocooeH, ·H B0JJ.a1"'"
Ta me 60.n.e npHroTeeaa no oco6eH .Ha 'IHI-l. .
'3a KOAlltfU HJIH 60208Ut{U me HMa npHr0TBeHo ow.e npe3 JISITOTO
oco6eHo >KHTo; me ce Ha6epe 'IHcTa nmeHHUa- 11epH0Knacnua HJl'H 11Hc-
ro 1KHT0; me ce yMHe Tyii >KHTO Ha peKaTa; w.e ce H3cyurn ·11 cKoTa 33
npea ro,ll,HHaTa. Tyii >KHT0 me ce cMeJIH H HanpaaH Ha .6pamHo. Kor~lTO
ine ce MecH TecTo sa o6pe,ll,HHTe XJIH6oae, ryA 6p·amao w;e ce npecee
npea r1>cTo CHT0, a noHHKora me ce npecee i-1 npea TPH m-Ta, 3a Jta
P E JI H I' H O 3 H H O S . H CJ A If 373
OCTaHe caMO CbpUeTo Ha 3bpHOTO. Pb>KeHO, .HtIMeHO, osecoao, uape-
BH'IHO, npoceHo 6pawHo 3a o6pe)leH xJrn6 ce He ynoTpe6.Haa.
)KeHaTa, KOHTO w.e cee 6pawHOTO - rrpH H3BeCTHH cJiytiaH, 611-
Ba BC.HKora o6JietieHa B HOBa npeM.HHa, B rrpa3HHllHHTe CH )lpexH;
AO)leTO ce cee 6paWHOTO, w.e ce rreHT neCHH, KOHTO TYK MOfaT )la 6b)l8T
Hape'leHK o6pe)lHH. CHTOTO, C KOeTo ce cee 6paWHOTO, e Bb3Il.HTO B
o6pe)lHHTe rrecHH c eµHTeTa ,,KonpHHeHo"; IIOHHKOra THH CHTa ca TpH
H rrpe3 THX ce cee.
KoraTo 6pawHoTo e roToso, w.e ce rrpeKa)lH. TTocJie npeKa)laa-
HeTo 6pamHOTO ae11e cTaaa He o6HKHOBeHo 6pawHo, ocaem.asa ce.
3a 3aMecsaHe 6pamHoTo ce .n.oHacH so)la. TaH ao.n.a w.e 6b)le .n.o-
HeceHa OT )leBOHKa HJIH 6yJIKa; TaH BO)la ce K83B8 M,7,Jlt{.llH,ll, HeHCl.f.{,-
1-1,ama, lfBem1-1,a. M 'bA"-aHa, 381.U,OTO me ce .n.oHece MHoro paHo H .n.o.n.eTo
ce H8JIHBa H )lOHece, .n.eBOHKaTa HJIH 6yJIKaTa He CMee .n.a rosopH HH-
KOMY H C HHKOro; HeHat{.Hama, 38ll~OTO OT TaH BO)la He CMee )la ce )la)le
HHKOMY .n.a nHe,HHTO .n.a 6p'hKHe B HeH; lfBemHa HJIH lfBemoea, 38lll.OTO B
noae11eTo cJiy'IaH, KoraTo w.e ce .llOHece TaH BO.lla, Be.llpoTo m.e HMa
U.B.HT, T. e. pa3JIHtIHH 6HJIKH - pocHO UBeTe, aKO e JieTe, cyxo - aKO
e 3HMe.
KaTO ce )lOHece TaH BO)la, me ce CTOnJIH Ha .>KHB OfbH, T. e. Ha
B'brJIHW.a 1rnropeJIH, )la HHMa )lHM. 11 KaTO ce CTOilJIH - HH MHOro TO-
nna, HH cTy.lleHa, Torasa ce 3a~ecaa TecToTo.
TTpH H3BeCTHH cnytiaH'. H rrpa3HHU.H'. rrpH 3aMecaaH eTO Ha TeCTOTC:>
ru.e ce BbpWaT HHKOH o6pe,nH H o6HlI8H H me ce rreHT H3BeCTHH ycTaHO-
BeHH 3a B cJiyqaH rrecHH. (Ba6a BbJIKaua TTeHOBHUa, c. JlnTaKoso, 6a-
6a MHqa l1m-1Hlleaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJI.H3KOBa, c,
BaJIBaH, 6a6a KbHa TTeTKosa, c. · Ann1MHp.)
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He, T. e. )la BKHCHe, )la BTaca, 3amoTO BCHlJKHTe o6pe.n.HH XJI.H6ose ce
npaB.HT o6e3aTeJIHO OT KHCe.flO TeCTO, T. e. XJI.H6oBeTe Tp.H6Ba .n.a 6b,il.8T
KIJOCHUL{U.
P.H.llKO ca cny11aHTe, KoraTo o6pe.n.i-IHTe XJIH6ose ca npecHH
noza'iu, npecHH numu.

6) <l>opMa Ta Ha o6pe.n.H HTe XJI.H6 ose

<l>opMaTa ua o6pe)lHHTe XJIH6ose e saJitJecTa, oK-
pbrJia, KaKTO o6HKHOBeHO ce npaB.HT BCffllKH XJI.H6ose. Ho TYK HMa,
H TO" a IIOBetJeTO CJiyllaH, XJIH6ose, KOHTO HMaT Heo6HKHOBeHa <popMa
H KaKBaTO cpopMa He CMeHT )la HMaT KaTan,HeBHHTe XJIH6ose. <l>opMa-
Ta Jla THH o6pe)lHH XJI.H6ose e HHUeo6pa3Ha, rrpO)!bJlfOBaTa, eJIJHlCO-
BH)lHa HJIH OKpbrJI a, HO TYK e KOJiaK, T .e. HarrpaBeH OT TecTeBo KO-
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nocoqeHo.
374 "HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

o) lllapKHTe Ha o6pe.nHHTe XJIS16oae

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OT,lleJIHO o6pe,llHHH"F XJIH6 w.e HOCH OT)J.eJIHH ·mapKH. A BCHKa Ill~pKa
HM~ CBOeTo CHMBOJIHtteCKO 3HatteHHe. B THH ' mapKH 6oJirapcKaTa Jl.0-
MaKHHKa H3p83HBa BHpaTa Hapo.nHa; B TIUI mapKH ce H3K83BaT UMTa
H >KMaHHeTo Ha >KepTBonpHHOCHTeJIHTe. THH mapKH H3Ka3BaT pa,aocT
HJIH ~Kpo6; . THSI mapKH noKa3BaT KaKBO ce npocH; nno.nopo.u.He,
CHJia, 6naro.neHCTBHe, >KHBOT, 3,llpaae, aeceJIHe, n1060B H np.; c e.u.Ha
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HanHCaHa C TecTeBH CHMBOJtHtteCKH 6eJie3H. IIIapKHTe ce ynoTpe6.nSIB3T
HJIH OTJI.MHO, HJIH B C'btteTaHHe HHKOJIKO Hae,llHO. TipH MOHTe H3cne,!l-
B8HHH 83 6HX H3HeHa,llaH OT o6pe,llHHTe XJJH60B~ KaKTO OT mapKBTe,
TaKa H OT pa3H006pa3HeTO, a TaKa C'blll.0 HOT THXHOTO KOJIH'leCTBO.
Ha npyro MHCTO cnoMeHaX H TyKa IlOBTapHM .n.a Ka>Ka,qe o6pe.n.HHTe
XJIH60Be He 6Hxa TI03H8TH Ha MOSITa nporpaMa; T.ffX OTKpHX CJiyqafnm
B c. CTy6eJI npH 6a6a TieHa XpHcToBa.Toaa 6erue B 1883r. KoraTo
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HTa, 83 o6opHaX no-HaTaThK BCH'IKOTO MOe BHHMaHHe Ha THX.
IIIapKHTe 6Hxa npe,nMeT Ha MOHTe Haii-rpH>KJIHBH H3CJie,ItB3HHH,
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.rnapKH HMaT 3HatteHHe caMO 33.,oope.n.ifTe H >KepTBOnpHHOrneHHHTa;
HO Te ca HHTepeCHH H OT CTpatta Ha pO)J.HOTO XYJI.O>KeCTBO- Te npeJJ.-
CTaBJIHBaT 3apOJ:UUll'bT Ha HarneTO po.n.Ho IlJiaCTH11ecKO ff Ha aameTO
pO,llHO .neKopaTHBHO xy)J.O>KeCTBO . TioHe T'bH MHCJISI .33.
KaKTO . cnoMeHax, TH_H rnapKH He ca cnyttaHHH. BcHKa OT. TSIX·
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XpHcToaa OT c.CTy6e1r Ha 6a6a EnKa OT :4:ynpeHe; Ha 6a6a To.n.opa
n. XpHcToBa H 6a6a B0~1KaHa OT c.Jb1TaK0Bo, Ha 6a6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KO-
Ba, c. 6aJIBaH, Ha 6a6a Bop6a fHHeBa, c . PeceH, Ha 6a6a He.na KHp11e-
aa, c. MapHH, Ha 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHOBHUa H 6a6a MapHH CToeHHUa
THTbOBaTa, c. To.nhoBUH, Ha 6a6a JloHa YayH-HHKonoBa H 6a6a UaHa
TieHKOBHUa, c. lliHnKa, Ha 6a6a Mopq>a, c . .UepeKbOH, Ha 6a6a .Uecna,
c . .UepeMaxne, Ha 6a6a BoiiKa TieHtteaa; c.Me.naeH, Ha 6a6a ' MapHH
.ITo6peaa, TiaHar10pww.e, Ha 6a6a Co6a 6ofiqeaa, c, JlecH.npeH, H Ha
6a6a Pyca HHKOJIOBa, c. TypcKH TpocTeHHK, KOHTO MH o6HCHHxa
3HaqeHHeTO -Ha OT,lleJIHHTe mapKH, C KOHTO ce flHlliaT o6pe)lHHTe
XJIH6o.se.THH mapKH H3o6w.o H- MeceHeTo H\{ He ca .llOCTOHHHe Ha BCHKa
:>KeHa, Ha BCHKa 6a6HqKa.
. KaKTO meBHUHTe H Be3MOTO 110 pH3HTe, nemKH_pHTe H .npyFHTe
.npeXH C'bCtaBJISIBaT cneuHaJIHO H3KYCTBO Ha OT)J.eJIHH MOMH ll >KeHrH
Ta Ka H mapKHTe Ha o6pe.n.HHTe xnH6oae. B e.nHo ~ cow.o ceJio a3 cpew.-
Hax o6pe,llHH XJIH6oae C mapKH, HO THH mapKH npe.ztCT3BJISIB8Xa
Hew.a rpy6o; B C'bW.OTO ceno 33 cpew.HaX C'bW.RTe o6pe,AHH XJISIOOBe
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H C IlO-CJJO)KHa KOM6HH8UHH OT rnapKH. A3 ce nocTapax )J.a co6epa
H e,Zi.HHTe, H .n.pyrHTe.
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a) lllapK1ne , oT6eJIH3aHH B pHc . .N2 I c 6yKBHTe ,,a" H ,,6", HO-
CHT MMe Kp7>Cmel{ (KpbcTeU 'bT B CHOneTo, MH. q, Kp7>Cml{u) H O3Ha-
lfaBaT IlJIO,ll.OpO,n.He, Il'bJIHOTa, 6epeKeT; THH ruapKH ca noKJIOHeHH Ha
co6pamn e B Kp1>cTeu cHone, Ha KJiacoaeTe; TOBa ce npaBH, 3a ,n.a 60.D.aT
KJiacoBeTe n1>JIHH . (Ba6a To.n.opa n. XpHCTOBa H 6a6a BoJJKaHa ITeHo-
BHUa, c. JlHTaKoso, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJIH3Kosa, c. Ba;rnaH.)
6) lllapKaTa , oT6eJIH38H~ B p11c. N2l c 6yKsa ,,B", ce Ka3Ba Kp7>c-
maw,Ka HJIH Kp7>cmaw, (ype.n. npH :>KeHCKOTO poKO,ll.eJIHe); TH 03H8lfaBa_
CHJia aHreJicKa, CHJia 60:>KHH. TH 33Kp11JIH HHBHTe, OBUHTe, roae!(aTa
H K'hIII.HTa. (Ba6a TieHa P11cToaa, c. CTy6eJI, 6a6a EJIKa, c. t.JynpeHe,
6a6a Casa l1BaHHUa, c. BHJia CJiaTHHa.)
Ba6a KoHa TieTKoaa, c.AJITHMHp, Ka3a, qe KpocTarnKaTa npe.n.-
cTaBJIHBa ome nemuHama (npH cHoneTo). TH ce npaBH OT .n.ae TecTeBH
npo'IKH, HO B8JI'leCTH K8TO qepaa.
a) Kp?ic HJIH CA7>Htfe e map Ka, KOHTO ce BH:>KJI.a a pHc N21 no.n.
6yKBa ,,r". TH 03H8lfaBa CBeTJIHHa, TOilJIHHa, IlJIOJI.OPOJI.He, ,,381.I.1-0TO -
Kasa 6a6a To.D.opa n. XpHcToaa - 6e3 CJI'hHUe HHI.I.1-0 He MO:iKe .n.a
HHKHe, HH )1.8 spee. To .u.aaa :>KHBOT, Salli.OTO )J.eTo HMa CJI'bHUe, T8MO 60-
JieCT 6era". Toif e Kpor, cnJiecKaH H Ha3o6qeH c ocTpy:mKa. c· .n.pyr
ype.n. He ce 3o6tJ:H.
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OT)l.eTo H)I.e ,ll.'b:>lf)J., poca, CHHr - TIJIOJI.OPOJI.He; O3H8lf8Ba TTJJOJI.OpOJI.He H
e nocaeTeHa Ha )l.o:>K,na, pocaTa, cttera - He6oTo. (Ba6a M11qa l1JJHH-
qeaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a ,lI.ecna,c. ,lI.epeMaxJie.)
Kpor'bT ce npaaH OT TeCTHBa npotJKa, BaJiqecTa, HecnJJecKatta;
Ta.H rnapKa ce cpema not.JT.l:f B'bB BCeKH XJIH6. TH onacBa BCHlfKHTe .n.py-
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seceJIHe. (Ba6a Mopcpa, c. ,lI.epeKhOtt, 6a6a ,lI.oHa Ysytt-HHKOJIOBa H
6a6a Uatta TieHKOBHUa, c. lllHnKa.) BeHeU'bT npe.D.cTaBJIHBa Ee·HeUoT
.Ha p1CaJIKI1Te, c KOHTO ce Te KHTHT, KoraTO mo poCHT XJie6opo,llHeTo
(15,aoa BbJIKaHa, c. J1HT8KOBO) H 03H81laBa macTHe H Il'bJIHOTa . BeHe-
U'hT e cn.1tecKaH TeCTHB Kpor,HapH38H OTBbTpe H OTB'bH C OCTPY:>KKaTa.
e) ll,BRm HJJH 210A e rnapKa,. KOHTo e npe,n.cTaBeHa B puc. .N21
c 6yKBaTa ,,:>K". U.aeT'hT HJIH flOJl'bT npe,n.cTaBJIHBa UBeTOBeTe Ha .ll.'bpBe-
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~- Pecett.) TipaBH ce OT TeCTHBa np'b1IHUa, KOHTO ce Ha3'h61rna C
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)1.Ba KaTO mipaMH)J.Ka C BpbX.
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 376 /lHMHT7,P MAPHHOB

TH npe,n.cTaBJUIBa MOMHHCK8Ta rpa.n.HHa H 03Haqaaa w.a.CTHe, 3~paae,

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C. To.n.bOBU.H.) TipaBH ce OT BaJiqecTa Tecnrna np'bqKa, qnHT6 KpaH-
lll,a ca CKJioneHH H MaJIKO 3aB'bpTeHH.
3) P:r,~a e mapKa, KOHTO ce BHlK~a a pHc. N2l no)J. 6yKaa ,,H".
TH npe.n.cTaBJIHBa He6ecHaTa )('bra H oaHaqaaa xJie6opo.n.He, A'hlK.n.,
a,n.paae, .>KHBOT. (Ba6a To.n.opa n. XpHcToaa, c. JIHTaKOBO, 6a6a UaHa,
c. MapamKH Tp'bcTeHHK.) TH rrpe,ncTaBJIHBa .n.ae cnJieTeHH aa KpaHm;a-
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,ll.aTa ce CilJIHTaT" - o6HCHH 6a6a To.n.opa. TipaBH ce OT .n.ae TeCTHBH
npo'IKH, cKaqeHH e.zr.Ha c .u.pyra B nonyKp'broae.
H) Jl'lJKOBe ca mapKH, KOHTO ce BH}K.l{aT ·a pHc. N2 l no.n. 6yKBHTe
,,K"' H ,,JI". Te npe.ncTaBJIHSaT HOBaTa H cTapaTa caem, .n.aa nonyKp'bra
C THJIOBe H3B'bpHaTH, KaKTO ca H3B'bpHaTH HOBaTa H CTapaTa cae.m;
(6a6a B'bJI~aHa, c. JlHTaKOBO); JI'bKOBeTe B 6yKBa ,,K" ca C'bl.U.0 )J.B3
'hrJieCTH Jl'bKa C THJIOBeTe CH rrocTaBeHH H npe)J.CTaBJIHBaT CTOJIOBe-
·Te B KOJiaTa (6a6a MH'la Hnu:ftqeaa). H .u.aeTe mapKH 03HaqaaaT MOW.
cpe.my HeqHCTH .nyxoae H cpemy 6oJieCTHTe. TTpaBHT ce OT TeCTHBH BaJI-
HecTH np'bqKH, HeCnJiecKaHH.
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,,M." H ,,H•'. M'h}K H }KeHa rrper'bpHaTH H 03HaqaBaT CfOBOp B K'b.1.II.H,
croBopHa qeJu1.n H m.acTHe OT TOH croaop. (Ba6a Caaa HaaHHUa,
c. 6.HJia CJiaTHHa, 6a6a .[(ecrra, c . .llepeMaxJie.)
JI) KyK11.a e mapKa, ·npe.ncTaBeHa B pHc. N2l c 6yKBa ,,o•'; os-
HaqaBa HeBHHHOCT, qffCTOTa MOMHHCKa. TipaBH ce OT U.HJia TecTHBa
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Bopxy XJIH6, a H caMa sa ce6e rrpe.rr.cTaBJIHBa XJIH6. (6a6a B1>p6a,
c. PeceH, 6a6a Co6a, c. JlecH.rr.peH, 6a6a .Uotta YsyH-HHKOJIOBa,
c. lllHrrKa.)
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6yKBaTa ,,n". Tipe.rr.cTaBJIHBa orpa.rr.aTa Ha ryMHOTO, Ha )J.BOpa HJIH Ha .
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B'bp6a, c. PeceH, 6a6a .lla.na, rp. IJattanopHme.) TTpaBH ce OT recTHBa
np'bqKa, 11HHTO KpaH.ma ca 33B'bpTeHH, HO He ca CKJIOnettH; OTBep-
CTHeTO 03Haqasa BpaTHHU.aTa HJIH CTporaTa . .llaopoT BCHKOra B o6pe- .
.ztHHH XJIH6 me 6o)le 3aTBopeH C OCTeHa Ha· opaqa HJIH C reraTa Ha OB11apH,
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nocoqeHo.
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map Ka HJHf ce. ry}K.n.a Bopxy XJIH6a, HJIH ce ynoTpe6HBa KaTo ca~ocTOH-
TeJieH XJIH6 . (Ba6a Pa.na HeaHHU.a, rp . TiaHanopHm.e.)
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Te npe.n.cTaBJIHBaT KYilHHTe OT CJiaMa _HJIH ceHo H O3Ha'laBaT cnop,
6epeKeT B'bB BCHJIKO. Te ca aanqecTH KO HYCH.
PBJIHI'H 03HH OBHl/AJ1 377
n) Osqu ca mapKH B pHc. N2l, 6yKBa ,,T"; Te ce nocBeT.HBaT Ha
OBl,UITe, 38 }la HMa cnop B CTa)l0T0.
p) I'ooeaa ca mapKH B pHc. N2l; 6yKaa ,,y"; nocaeTeHH ca Ha
CT0KaTa H 03Ha11aBaT 6oraTCTBO B roae..u.a, KpaBH, K0He. TTpaB.HT ce
no-e..u.pH ron11eTa, a Ha cpe..u.aTa HaTHcKaT c uea.
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TOfl ce Ka3Ba Z1,A1J6HUK, Z1,A1J6ema.
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XJrn6oae C'bC C'blleTaHH mapKH.
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B3T B C3MH.H XJIH6 H K0HT0 npe,l1.CT3BJIHBaT KHTKa, .JIHCTe, KJI0H0BU.H-,
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1<aKT0 Toaa me 60..u.e noco11eHo.
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n p 0 C <t> 0 pH H K, Koiho e XpHCTHHHCK0 H306pa)KeHHe. Tofl npe..u.-
CT3BJHIBa Kp'bCT C 6yKBHTe ic. xp. ni. ka. ' a B H.HK0H npoccpopHHII.H HMa
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ll cJJy)K6a.
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BHJIYUJKH )I.Be, HO TYH CT0pH, 33II.J.0TO TeXHHTe HanpycuH 6.Hxa 3aeTH
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TH, - TpH6aa Aa ce mune caMo c HanpycuH. "
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6~~3T IlOCOlleHH npH }la}leH CJiyqafl.
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P0.llHHHa, CK'bll rrpHSITeJI II BCHK'b.zte, .zteTo 6'b,n.e cpew.HaT HJIH KOraT0
ioit,lle B K'hIIJ.aTa, 6Hsa nocpew.an c noqecTH, YB8>KeHHe H roJIHM0 BHH-
MaHHe.
. Kor8TO H86JIH.>KH HrHa.>KJJ.eH, 38 rroJie3HHKa ce npaBHT npMrOT0B-
BJieHHH . Ow.e OT aeqepTa cpew.y HrHa.>KJ].eH C8MHHT )J.OMOBJ18JJ.HKa Ha
3aJJ.pyraTa (K'bIIJ.8Ta}, o6JielleH llHCTO If cnpeTH8TO, w.e 3eMe 6bKJIHUa
c BHHO II w.e 0T11.zte a AOMa Ha cnoXO{)ICHRKa, 3a JJ.a ro KaJiecBa 3a cnoxoo,
T. e. JJ.a )J.OH.l{e Ha JJ.PYfHSI ,lleH paHO B K'bmaTa HM, 38 .zta rH cnoxoau,
cno/lll3u.
Ha HrHa>K.zteH, T . e. Ha caMHH .zteH, paHo, ome npe.zt 30pH,
:>Ke_
H HTe me CTaHaT, me HaKJia,llaT Of'bHH, me 3aMeCHT TeCTO H me TYPHT
KpaH orHHI.UeT0 r'bpHeTO 38 BapHBO. Bop38T .zta npiir0TBHT, 38 JJ.8
nocpew.HaT H HarocniT CK'bTIHSl CH fOCT, cnoJie3HHKa, K0rOTO OllaKBaT.
BcHllKO e f0T0B0. ETO qe If nceTaTa C'bC CBOeTo JiaeHe H3BeCTHBaT qe
. '
HSIK0H e BJie3~aJI B ryMHOT0 (.nsopa) H BCHllKH T'bpllaT .zta ro rrocpew.HaT
Ha spaTaTa. Ow.e e MH0f0 T'bMH0, Ta ce He BH>K.zta, HO .zt<iMOBJia.ztHKaTa,
KO~TO e H3Jle3HaJI np'bB Ha JJ.BOpa, BH>K){a: T0Ba e cnoJie3HHK'bT. Bece-
JIHH.T MY rJiac: ,,,Uo6po yTpol Ha MHoro seceJIH ro.ztHHHl Jla BH e qecTHT~
MJia.ztaTa ro.ztifttal" - ce aeqe qye OT BcHqKHTe a Kbll\H. Toii oTHBa npaso
Ha .ztp'bBHHKa, 3HMa e)I.Ha llIYMKa (np'bllKa OT JJ.1>60B0 A'bpB0, npe,1\-
 PE-JIHI'H03HH 05HI/AJ1 383
no11TeJiHO rpaHHUa) .u BJIH3a B Kblll,H. Tofl e o6JieqeH npa3HHqHO· - . C
HO'ea .npexa. KaTo BJie3He, TOH noBTapH no3.npaaJieHHHTa: ,,Xafl.nei
HeK0:·BH e qecTHTa MJia)J.aTa fOJJ.HHal" Honrna npaBO Ha orHHW.eTO. Tyl\
ce cnupa, CBaJIH KanaTa CH, npeKpbCTBa ce H KaTO 6bpKa c rn yMKaTa a
orHHJ.i.I.eTO ~ C/l{UJU (6JiarocJiaBH): ,,KOJIKO HCKpHU.H, TOJIKOBa IlHJieH1.1.a,
urnneHua, HpeHua, ~Tenem.1.a, >Kpe6eHua, ,nequua, a Hafl-aeqe Me.a H
MciCJIO H 6HJia nrneHHUa no cupauu, CHpOMaCH u no U.HJI Hapo.nl"
(B·a6a ruua BbJI'loaa, c. JleTHHUa, Jioa1.1aHcKo, 6a6a MHqa l1Jrnflqesa,
c. K-03ap BeJieHe, Cauru.oscKo, 6a6a MapuH CToeHHHa TuT10BaTa, c.
To,nboBUH, EJieHCKO, H .np.) .ll.o.neTo 6JiarocJiaBH cnoJie3HHKbT, BCH'II'
KH :.zt.oMaIIIHH CTOHT OKOJIO Hero c 6JiaroroeeHHe, Mb>KeTe roJior.riaBH;
a >KeHHTe C Kp'bCTOCaHH JYbUe H Ha BCHKa C/la8a BHKaT:,,AMHH, .nan: 60>1<et·~
KaTO CBbpllIH TOBa, cnoJie3HHK'b'I: ry>K.ZI.a rnyMKaTa Ha npeqHHKa,
]leTO_ce.nH )lO BO.LI.HUH (T. e. 5 HHyapu). TOH .neH, KaTO .nofl.ne cBemeHH-
K'bT )la poCH, KaTO CH H3JIH3a, e.nHa OT >KeHHTe me B3eMe IIIYMKaTa H me
SI BJI3'1H OT OfHHmero ,llO epaTaTa cne.n nona, HO TOH .na He BH)tH, a Ka-
TO HaJJeaHe HaB'bH, ry>K,lla WYMKaTa e KypHHKa, Ta KOKOWKHTe .na 6HJIH
3anaaeHH - OT BCSIK3KBH 6oJieCTH.
Tio)teaHHK'hT nocJie Toea me ce.nHe KpocTaTo (no TypcKH) Kpaii
OfHHIUeTO H ,naeaT MY B p'bUeTe pewelf'O, H3Il'bJIHeHo C nrneHHUa, a OKOJIO
MY nocuneaT 606, nema, opexu, ceMe oT rpbcTH H ..llP·
KaTo noce.nu MaJIKO, TOH cTaea, xo.nu no K'bmu u cee c perneToTo
nIIIeHHUaTa, KaTO CJiaBH: ,,JI.a ce po.nu, .neTO paJIO xo.nu; .neTO XO)l.H H
He xo,llHI", a ..llpyruTe oTroeapHT: ,.AMHH, .naff 6o>Kel" (6a6a MapHH
CTO.HHOBa, c. TiaIIIaKhOH, K'h3'bJiara1.1Ko, 6a6a .ll.paraHa B'b.1KOBa, c.
no.neec, KapHo6aTcKo, u .np.)
TIOJie3HHK'bT ce.nu Kpaii orHHI..UeTo, 33 )la Jie>KaT KBa'IKHTe Ha HH-
U3T3, 33 )l8 HOCHT KOKOWKHTe Ha IlOJIO3HTe CH ·u .na ]lOH]laT no-cKopo
eoiJe3!CHJU{U, T. e. MOMUH 3a MOMHTe. (6a6a ,UparaHa Toqeea OT MapaWKH
TpocTeHHK, TineeeHCKO, H .np.) .
nocne, Karo ceopwu TOH o6pe.n Ha ceeHeTo, noJie3HHK'hT CH)].a
Ha cJio>KeHaTa Tpanesa ee)J.HO c JlOMOBJI3JJ.HKaTa e 3a.npyraTa H romae-
Kara ce Ha'IHHH. CJieJl romaeKaTa noJie3HHK'hT ce H3npama c nollecT
11 no.nap'hUH. Tio.nap'hUH ca pH3a HJIH newKup. Karo ce ceoplllH
e
o6peJl'hT Ha ceeaero, Kow.aTa eeqe cnoxooeHa, cno1Z113eHa H )KeHure cu
sopwar Jlpyrure o6uqau.
,UaecKa Hapo'IHO KaHeH ome or ee1.1epTa noJie3HHK HHMa; HHMa Be-
ge H rpa,zxHUHOHHHH ceMeeH noJie3HHK. KaH.HT IlOJie3HHK ome C8MO
r10HHK'bJle: Tsop.llHUa, MaparnKH TpocTeHJ-1K u B HHKOH cena e JloM-
:Ko. HaMeCTO TO.SI noJie3HHK ,llHeCKa ome C'bIIJ.eCTByBa CJiyqafrnHHT
~0Jle3HHK, T. e. TO.SI, KOHTO BJie3e B K'bI.U.H cJJy'laHHO. HHKb,lle, Karo B
rlo.nsec H BoTeeo, ,Uo6pH'IKO, KHnHJioeo, aKo noJie3'bT Ha TOH cJiy-
rneH noJie3HHK e Jl06op , Kali.HT ro H Ha Jlpyrara romrna. HHKb,lle,
K8TO 8 JleCHJlpeH (TeTeeeHCKO), KaHHT H ,llHec noJie3HHK, HO TOH e
MOM'le.
CJiyllaHHHTe noJie3HHq'.H, T. e. HeKaHem1re (a Te ca JllOJ(e,KoHTO
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384 JlHMH T1,P MAPHH OB

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A• 33TOBa OTHB3T npaBo Ha .llP'bBHHKa H 3HM3T .HJIH TpecKH,HJIH WYMKH.
HO c npa3HH poue He 6HBa )la ce BnHaa.
KaTo BneaHe noneaHHK'bT B K'hW.H c wyMKHTe anli TpecKHTe,_ a
Mo>Ke JJ.a 60.lle H cnaMHUa (Tonnew , ra6poecK o, MapawK H TpocTeH HK,
IlneBeHC KO), w.e OTH,lle Kp.aii OfHHI.UeTo, w.e rH XB'bpnH B Of'bHH H me
6aarocna BH: ,,Kon Ko HCKpHUH, TOJIKO HfHHW.3, SipeHua, J].e'IH!la, Te-
JieHua, npaceHu a" H np. Ilocne CH.Ila KpaA orHHW.eTO, 3a )la neJKaT
K8311KHTe Ha HHU.aTa H KOKOllIKHTe Ha IlOJI03HTe, a JJ.OM8WHHTe ro
HOCHnBaT C >KHTO, osec,. eqeMHK H .llpyr a xp-aHa, a Ta Ka C'bl.UO H C Kpy-
IHH H opexH. HHK'b.lle THH KpywH, opexH,CnHBH H .llpyr eMHW MY ry)K-
.-aT B IlOHCa.
HHK'bJJ.e (IlHproc , PyceHcK o) TpecKHTe noneaHHK'bT ry)KJJ.a ~
KpHH11e H CH.ll3 )la rH M'bTH, B KOeTo BpeMe KJIOna KaTO KB311Ka. 8 Ilne-
BeHCKO THH TpecKH ry)K.lla B nonora, 33 .ll3 HMa B K'bW.H TaM83Jl'b K.
Karo ry>K.ll8 TpecKHTe B nonora, IlOJle3HHK'bT · no,ZJpa>KaBa Ha BCHIIKHTe
)lOM8llIHH >KHBOTHH, KaTO H3J].aBa 3BYKOBe KaTO KOKOllIKa, neTen, oeua,
KpaBa, nqena H np.: nHy-nHy l, My-yl, Mpo-'b! H np. Ilocne CH.Ila xpaA
OfHHW.eTO .l{a M'bTH B KpHH'leTO nenenTa, KOHTO ca H3CHil3JIH npe.l{BapH-
TeJJHO B Hero OT orHHW.eTo. TaH nenen ce naaH, Ta nocne c HeH.nocH n-
BaT IlOJI03HTe Ha KOKOIUKB.Te, ,lleTO HOCHT HHU:a, noJI03HTe Ha KBa'IKHT e,
AeTO M'bTHT, H KYPHHKa, B CJly'laH qe ce OOHBH 6onecT H MOP no KOKOlll-
KHTe. (Ba6a Pye a HHxonos a, Ba6a II.eHa . TI011oeuu:a, . MapallIK H
TpocTeH HK.)
B Tonnew ( ra6poBCKO} TpecKHTe none3HHK'bT BHHC3 B K'bW.H, H3-
. CHilBa rH B K'bTa xpafl OfHHI.UeTO H CHJJ.3 Ha THX .na rH M'bTH.
B Ka pa6yHap (6ypracx o) none3HHK'bT e .ztere ; xaro BHece -rpec-
KHTe H rH H3CHile KpaH orHm..u:ero, TO CH,lla Ha THX H KJIOKa K8TO KJIOq-
Ka. B c. Boreso, .llo6pHqKo, none3HHK'bT CH.Ila Kpaii orHHIUer o H TaMO
ceJ].H, JtO.zteTO J(OM3llJHHTe nyKaT MaMYJI (uapeBHU:a) H r.71e,naT .ztaJIH me
ca nam.AatfU (6enH U:'bq>HaJIH nyxaHKH) .HJIH He. AKO ca naTJiauH, IlH-
JleTaTa w.e 6'b)t3T HpKH.
fl O JI e 3 H H U H .zt O M a llJ H H .XC H B OT H H. MHoro Il'bTil HaMec-
ro none3HHU H-JIIO)le K'bJ.UaTa ce CIIOXOXC)la OT HHKOH ,noMaUJHH )KHBOT-
HH. 11 HapO.llHOTO BHpBaHe e nocpemaJIO H nocpew.a TaKHBa none3HHU:H
c 6Jiaro.ztapHOCT H pazJ.ocT~ T aKa B MHoro ce.na H K'blll.H; Koraro ca
OllaKBaJIH IlOJle3HH Ka-qoeeK, B K'bW.3T3 BJie3He Kyqero HJIH nere;n,T,
HJIH TeJieTO; HJIH CBHHHTa.
KaKTO aa KyqeTo, T'hii H Ha neTe.na, TeJieTo HJIH CBHHstTa ce JJ.3-
Ba XJIH6 38 no.ztapoK H TeXHHHT none3 ce B3HMa 38 J:{OO'bp 3HaK. 3a
,na te cqHTaT THH )KHBOTHH 33 nOJie3HHl{H, TpH6Ba )].a ca BJie3JIH B K'b-
_llOf, T• e. npe3 npara Ha K'blll.HHTe spaTa. (TonJiew , MapHH JleKoBa,
no M'h* MHn11esa, po.ztoM OT c. 3e.neHo Jl.opBo ; MapaWKH Tpl,CTeHHK,
6a6a Pyca HHKOJIOBa, 6a6a .LlparaHa To11eea, 6a6a l.(eHa Tpo110BHlla,
6a6a UoHa BeHoBa. )
0 6 H q a HT e H,a TOH A e H. TOSI )1.eH cyTpHHT a H300lll0
 P E .'1 H I' H O 3 H J,f O E H 'I A H 385
KOITTO OT .l].OM8WHHTe H3Jle3He npoB H Haii-paHO, o6e3arreJJBO KoraT<>
ce BbpHe, TpH6Ba .n.a BHece TpecKH HJIH lllYMKa, HJIH CJI8MHU8, KOHTO
ry:>K.na 38.ll. apaTaTa. B TIJieaeHcKo (MapalllKH TpocTeHHK) He3aBHCHMO·
OT TIOOJJ.HHKa, KOfOTO O'I8KB8T, MaHKaTa me H3Jle3He C .n.euaTa Ha ,II.Bop a
MHOro paHO H lll.e C'b6epe CJiaMa, TpeCKH H C'b'IKH H ce BpoUl.a B K'blll.H~
ryK TSI CH.II.a B Ae6H.Ul{ama (lllHHHK, c KOHTO rpe6aT )KPITO, 6pall1HO Hi
.np.) H KJIO'IH K8TO KJIO'IKa. ToH .n.eH He H3JIH38T HHK'b.ne H3 .naopia,.
. 38III.OTO KOKOlllKHTe w.e pa3H8CHT HHUaTa no C'bCe)J.HTe, a KBa'IKHTe HH-
M8JIO .na Jie>KaT Ha HHU.aTa, KoraTo M'bTHT. ToH .n.eH TYK roTBHT capMa,.
3a JI.a 60)1.aT KOKOIIIKHTe Ka11yJiaTH (c Ka11yJI).
B Coq>HHCKO HMa TaK'bB 06H11aii. 3apaHTa MHoro paHo Y. 3opH >Ke-
HHTe w.e CTaHaT H w.e H3MeTaT C3>K.llHTe Ha KOMHHa H THH ca>K)J.H 3ae-
)JHO C MeTJiaTa XBopJIHT HHK'b)J.e B'bH OT )J.Bopa Ha CBOSITa K'bW.8,
CJieJJ. TOBa 3aMeCB8T TeCTO 3a KOJiaUH. KaTO ce B)].IUHe TeCTOTO,.
T. e. BTaca, 3HM8T JJ.apaKa H 11eTKaTa, C KOHTO 11eII1aT rp'bCTRTe, H C:
THX B3eMaT OT TeCTOTO, KaTO HapH1IaT: ,,ToBa e 38 K8JJ.HHTal'" TyK IlOJJ..
HMeTO KaauR pa36HpaT pa3JIH'IHHTe 6oJieCTH.0T TYH OTK'bCBclTO C .nap a-
Ka I:! 11eTKaTa TeCTO npaBHT KOJiaqe C ¢opMa, KaKBaTo ce BH:lK,Ua B pHC.
N2 3. Tyft: KOJiaqe He neKaT, HO ro OCTaBRT HHK'b)J.e JJ..8 H3C'bXHe caMO
OT BHT'bpa. Toce K'bT8 H ynoTpe6HB8 38 JieK. AKO HHKOfO 60JIH CTOMa-
X'bT HJIH ycew.a HHK'b)I.e 60.n.e:>K, TypHT M8JIKO OT TYH KOJiaqe B 1U1CT He-
ToneH Me)J.,OCTaHaJI OT 60,U.Hfl Be11ep, H ,naBaT Ha 6oJIHHH .na. H)J.e.
OT C'blll.OTO TeCTO OTK'bCBaT C ,nBa np'bCTa H C TYH TeCTO npaBHT
Ha HHKOH rpeJTa B K'blll.H Kp.'bCTalllKa, T. e. 3HaKa Kp'bCT - .n.a 6Hrai
BCHKO 3JIO. CJie,U. TOB8 pa3TpHB8T TeCTOTO H npaBSIT TOJIK0Ba. KOJl8U.H,.
KOJIKOTO ca )]YWH B K'blll.H, CJie,z:r K8TO ce oneKaT, )]aBaT BCeKHMY
)1.8 H,ll.e.
TTbpBHH KoJiaK na3HT fa 60.zie Ka.n.eH Ha Bo)J.HH ae11ep. (Ba6a. fH-
Ha, c. )KeJIHBa. CpB. C6HY, VII I, _ 3.)
B JlOB11aHCKO (c. JleTHHUa, 6a6a fHua 8'bJIQOBa) MOMa, KOHTO l'IC-
Ka .n.a Il03Hae KOH MOM'bK w.e H 60)1.e Ha K'bCMeT, OTHBa Ha· J1P'hBHHKa,
lll.e ce)JHe Ha Hero H riI.e
CHne Bopxy CH e1IMHK, K8TO H8pH11a: ,,Kofi MH
e Ha K'hCMeT, JI a .n.oilre How.ec .n.a ro >KeHeM 3ae.n.Hol" TiocJie cTaBa H 3a-
rpe6aa C e)J.Ha poKa TpecKH HJIH ~Jie'IHUH,a C .npyra B3HMa etIMHK H BJIH3a.
B K'bW.H. TpecKHTe OCT8Bfl KpaH orHHW.eTO HJlH aKO ca np'b1IKH - Ha
npeqHHKa B KOMHH8 Ha HOW.yBaT, a eQMHKa ry>K.I'a no.n B'b3fJI8Birnua-
Ta cH, .n.eTo w.e cnH. KoroTo npe3 Horn.Ta CoHyaa, TOH ·me H 60.n.e Ha,
K'bCMeT.3a pa Il03Hae TI'bK )J.8JIH me ce O>KeHH TaH fO)l.HHa, TH npe6poH-
Ba TpecK1ne HJIH npo11KHTe: aKo-ca TeK, w.e ce o>KeHH om.e TaH ro.11HHa ..
a Ko . ca qmpT - w.e ce o>KeHH .n.oroJI.HHa.
B TIHpOTCKO, aKO HCKa HffKOH .n.a CH MeCTH mp'fJMKume,, T. e. KO-
wepHTe, Ha )Jpyro MHCTO, TpH6Ba .n.a fH MeCTH HenpeMeHHQ T0H .z:ieH,.
33W.OTO, aKO n1 MeCTH nocJie, n11eJIHTe HHMa .n.a >KHBeHT B TpbMKRTe,.
a w.e 6HraT. (Cpa. C6HY, VI, 90, UapH6po.DcKo.)
ToH )leH . KaTO MJia)J.a roJI.HHa HaH-CTapaTa >keHa B K'bllJ.H me
B3eMe cypoaa npo1111ua, me BJie3tte, JJ.eTo cnHT .ZJeuaTa.,. m w.e yJJ.apu

25
386 ,a HM H T '"b P M A PH H ·O B

BCHKOe OTrope Bnpxy 3aBHBKaTa no HHKOJIKO n'bTH. Toea npaBHT. 33

3JJpaae, 3a JJa pacTaT H .na ca 3,npaeH. (Ba6a .llo6pa, c. Tenp.nHua . .
Cps. C6HY, VII, 129. ToH o6HllaH HMa H B'bB BeJiec.)
ToH ,neH )KeHHTe rJie)JaT, · III.OTO MOTOBHJIKHTe HM .na 60,naT HaMo-
TaHH C OCHOBa, 3aTOBa rH HaMOTaBaT ow.e eeqepTa cpem.y HrHa~eH.
To_H o6HllaH ce npaBH, 3a .na HMa cnop e K'bIIJ.H H 6epeKeT H .na He oro-
.JIHBa ceMeHCTBOTO. (Ba6a Pyca KaJiyrneea, c. Bpecoeo. C~lll.HH
06Ht1a11 cpemaMe II e c. BoTeao, .llo6pHllKO. Cpe. C6HY, X, 3.)
Ow.e OT eeqepTa 3HMaT TpH uepoBH ueneHHUH H .rH Typ.HT Ha 9r-
!HHIIJ.eTo. fJiaBHHTe nocJie K'bTaT 3a JieK npe3 ro,nHHaTa.
BapHT )KffTO H uapeBHUa Hae,nHO H .H,naT, 38 .na HM8 cnop H 6epe-
KeT B K'bIIJ.H. Tyfl BapeHo )KHTO Ka,nHT H ,naBaT Ha KOK0lllKHTe. (PHrn,
TipecJiaBcKo; 6a6a )KeKa Bafloea, 6a6a Myrna )KeJieea. Cpe. C6HY,
XI, 85, BeJiec.)
TOH ,neH HSIK'b)le 6HSIT (KOJIHT) CBHHeTe 33 KoJieJ'a. )KJJ.'bllKaTa
0Kat1BaT no.n epaTaTa, 3a .na He JJOXO>K.ZI.aT TYPUHTe Ha KoHaK. (Ba6a
TieTpoe11ua, c. BpyceH). KaKeo roJIHMO TerJio e 6HJIO Tyii TypcKo roc-
TyBatte, Ta 3a JI.a ro OTCTpaH_HT, ca npH6HreaJIH H .no 6ora. B Me.neeH
{6a6a BoiiKa Tiei%11eea, 6acHaTapKaTa) TOH .neH ,,Kpnw.aeaT" CBHHeTe,
T. e. C'b6HpaT ce CeJIHHHTe H 0Tpe)K)l8T ueHaTa Ha CBHHCKOTO Meco, no
XOJIKO me ce npo.naaa. TyK B'bJJ..HT MHOro CBHHe e 6aJIKaHa.
ToH ,neH ce C'b6HpaT KOJie,napUHTe. H KaJiecBaT CBOH ijap . .llo TOH
.neH KOJieJJ.HH necHH ce He ne.HT, a OT Hero HaTaTJ>K ce neHT. AKo ce
neHT npe,nH Hrtta>K,neH, xopaTa oKpacTaBHBaT. (Me.nseH, c1>maTa 6a6a.)
Cnope.n 6a6a KaJIHHKa K~HeBa H 6a6a .llparatta 81>JIKOBa, c. Tio.n-
sec, nonoaeTe He Ka3BaJIH Kora e Hrtta>K,neH H Kora e nnpBH MapT,
33lll.OTO C'b~eCTByBaJIO BHpBaHe, qe aKO HHKOH non Ka)Ke,yMHpaJia
nonaJJ.H.HTa MY .
0 6 p e .n H H x JI .H 6 o B e. Ha HrHa)K,neH a H.HKOH MecTa Mee.HT
IC0JI a'leTa H .npyrH XJI.H60Be, KOHTO ce KaJUlT H .H,ll.aT 33 3,!1.paee H 6epe-
KeT B K'blll.H.
8 TeTeBeH H TeTeBeHCKO '3a TOH .nett Mee.HT B'bB BCHKa: K'bIIJ.8
xpaeauq,e H K-YKAa . KpaeafiqeTo JJ.aBaT tta· noJie3HHKa, aKo e M0M'le; aKo
JIH e MOMH'le, ·.naeaT MY KYKJiaTa.Kpaea~qeTo e Kpnr, a KYKJiaTa nJie-
TeHHUa . KpaeaulleTo H KyKJiaTa ca HaMa3aHH c Me,n. THxHaTa q>e>pMa
,ce BH)KJJ.a B pHc . .NI, 4 H .N'!~ 5. (Ba6a ByTa HHKOJIHUa, 6a6a HeaHa
BnJillOBHUa, c. Jlon~rn, 10 aBr. 1894 r .)
B c. Boueo.na (IllyMeHcKo) 6nJirapHTe roBop.HT caMo ·TypcKH
e3HK, HO He ca raray3H . Ha Hrtta)K,neH Mee.HT Kpaea1lqe,Hapet1eHo uz-
xauiKo Kpaeau'le, KOeTO .naeaT Ha IlOJie3HHKa. TyK IlOJie3HHUHTe ca
MoMqeTa. <l>opMa'i'a Ha KpaeauqeTo e, KaKTo e npe.ncTaBeHa a pHc.
N2 6. TyK e Kp'br H JI'bK B Hero.( Ba6a BoiiKa CHMbOHoea, 6a6a BeJIHKa
5IHKOBa,6a6a feprHHa Bnp6aHoea,6a6a KaJIHHKa .llHMHTpoea, 7 H0eMB.
1904 r .)
B c. X npcoeo, eow.o J?yMeHcKo, Mee.HT Ha HrHa}KJl.eH Kpaaauqe,
.HapelleHo uexamcKo KpQ8aU'I£, KoeTo ce .naea ~a noJie3H HUHTe. Tyii
 PEJJ HI' Jf03 HJf OEH C/AH 387
ITeHa
.KpaBa11qe ce Bl-UK.Ila B pHc. Ng 7. TyK Kpaaa iitieTo e rpa,llHHa . (Ba6a
Jloqe Ba, 10 HOeMB. 1904 r.)
,
B 1CMH,llOBO H Pmu (ITpec JiascK o) Ha TOH ,lleH MeCHT oco6e H ·xJrn6
aa Ha
J<o11i:o ce Ka3Ba w~HamcKa numa ; TOH KpaBa11 ce Ka,llH H ce paa,aa
3,llpaa e;
.,lloMaULHHTe .na xanHa T 3a 3,npaae; ,!laBaT H Ha cToKaTa 3a
3a oepeK eT
J(B"bpJIHT 3·aJI1IOBU.H HJIH TpOXHIIKH H B XaM6apHTe, KOillOBeTe
-H H306HJIHe. HaqepTaHHeTO Ha TOH XJIH6 ce BH.>K,l
la B pHC. Ng 8. JyK e
1<JIH6, (@Trope KpbcT eu. (Ba6a AoBa He,AeBa, c . CMH.AOBo,
19 HOeMB.
1904 r .., 6a6a )KeKa Ba110Ba, 6a6a Myilla )KeJieaa H 6a6a ITeHa ).(HMH-
Tpmi a, C. PHill, 21 HOeMB. 1904 r.)
H
B c . KoHa K, EcKH.ll.>KyMa11cKo, IHecHT Ha TOH ,AeH cbmo oco6e
TO MY e
XJIH6, KOHTO Ka,llSIT M H,llaT 33 3,llpaae H 6epeKeT. HatJepTaHHe
!1pe,D.CT<2BeH0 B pHc .N2 9. rm1 Ce HapHq a UZHam cKU XAJl.6. XJrn6 H OT-,

rope MY nJieTeHHU.a oT .nae npbtJKH. (Ba6a L{oua )KeJIH30Ba

24 HOeMB. 1904 r ,)
-
n a a e H e K B a c a. ITpe,llH ,lla CBbpillHM o6HlJaHTe aa HrHa
ce ~ana-
.JK,lleH, HaMHpaMe aa HHTepeCHO ,n.a OTTHilleM H o6HlJaH, KOHTO
a caMHH rpa,ll a _HHKOH
.3HJI caMO a PyceHCKO a HHKOH ceJia (Ta6a tJKa) H
o6HtJ:aH e
MaxaJ IH, .ZieTo ca ceJIHHH, npeceJieHH OT ceJiaTa, H KOHTO
MarhOCHH-
'H3BecTeH TTO,ll Ha3B8HHeTO n(J3eH£ KBaca, KOHTO o6HlJaH HMa
e. ToH
"leCKH xapaK Tep, nopa,llH KOeTO ce H npecJie,ll.Ba OT CBew,eHHUHT
.npyra ,lle, HO ro KpHHT .
.06HlJaH cpemH aX B Ta6atJ Ka; TpH6Ba ,lla ro HMa H
e.
.MHor o CTpor o KpHHT TOH 06u11aH H B rpa,lla . Ha ] 9 ,lleKeM
BpH, T.
ff KbIUa : MOMH , 6yJIKH
:BetJepTa cpem y MrHa.>K,lleH, Cb6HpaT ce a HHKO.
H )KeHJ.f, HO TYK me HMa H HHKOJIKO CTapH .>KeHH
, o6HKHOBeHo TaKHB a,
, Bpa.>KaHe
J<OHTO ca TT03HaTH KaTO ,l.l06pH TT03HaBatJKH Ha MafHH , 6aHHe
H ,llp. THH MOMH, 6yJIKH H )KeHH IlOtJBaT ,lla
HrpaH T xopo; Tyit xopo
O HrpaH T
CTaBa HJIH B CTaHTa OKOJJO HomBHTe, HJIH Ha .naopa . L{oKaT
Ha MaHKa
'TYii xopo., JI.Be MOMH, OT KOHTO e)J.HaTa TpH6Ba .na 6b,lle nbpBa
HO 3aMec aaT
.cH, a .ZipyraTa nocJie,llHa - u3m7,pcoK, 3aMecaaT KBac,
T 6pa-
ro o6bpH aTH rbp6o M KbM HomBHTe. KoraT O no11BaT ,n.a 6bpKa
O TOBa,
if1JHOTO, 6a6HtJKHTe, TTO,ll tIHeTO pbKOBO,llCTBO ce Bbpill H BCHIJK
H MafbO CHHlle CKH
ry.>K,l laT B KBaca CTpHT H Ha npax pa3JIH lJHH JieKOBHTH
To.H KBac
·6.MJieJilJHBH 6.MJIKH, cropeH H BbfJie HH OT JiecKa, srnop H u.ep.
KIOllle Ha
C TH.ff 6HJIKH 6a6HTe B3eMaT, YBHBaT ro H ro noJiar aT B e,llHO
--CTa.HTa H fO na3SIT UHJia Hom, T. e. e,llHa )KeHa HJIH 6yJIK a IlOCTOSIHHO
o ce na3 H
ce,llH Kpaff Hero 6y.JtHa. XopoT o Hrpae U.HJia HOllJ., ,llO,lleT
.KBaC bT.
Ha .Jtpyr ara aeqep , Db.JtHH BetJep, TOSI KBac ce OTHHca B .llpyra
Kbma H ro naaSIT naK no CbllJ.HH H3lJHH .
·OT 19
TOSI KB3C Bee no CbllJ.HSI HatJHH ce Il33H npe3 12 HOllJ.H -
Hrpae CaMo
.)leKe!\tBpH ,llO BacHJ I, HO o6pe,AHOTO _TaHHCTBeHo xopo ce
I.
ipH ffl>TH: cpem y Hrtta)K,AeH, cpe~ y KoJie,lla H cpem y BacHJ
Ha BacHJ I, HJIH CypBa KH, paHO cyTpH HTa BCH'IK H MOMH , oyJIK H
H )KeHH, KOHTO ca yqacTByBaJIH B ,,ITa3eHeTo KBaca
", ce C'b6HpaT B K'b-
HO~, H
·m aTa, ~eTo 1e CTHrHaJIO TeCTOTO ~pem y BaCHJI, T. e. Ha 12-Ta
388 I! H M H r.· 1,, P M" A" P H H O B

6a6HqK1-ne pa3KbCBaT TYH TeCTO Ha TOJIKO nap11eTa.,. K<i>JIKOTO J.J.YllIH ca

yqacTByBaJIH B o6peJJ.a. Ha JJ.pyra :>KeHa He ce J.J.aBa HHKaK OT Hero.
ToH KBac, H3CbXHaJI Ha BHTbpa,ce na3H Ka.TO J.J.paroueHHOCT, 3a-
lll.OTO C Hero M0:>Ke )I.ace JieKyBa BCHKaKBa 0OJiecT; TOH roHH OT K'bUJ.8Ta_
BCHKaKBa JIOllI8BHHa, BCeKH JIOllI JJ.YX H 3ana3Ba KbW.8Ta H J.J.0MallIHHTe
OT MarHH. )l(eHa, KOH.TO ro HOCH, npHBJIHqaJia MblKa CH J.J.8 ce npHnenm
npH HeH H )I.a SI 06J.1qa, a MOMa, KOHTO ro HOCH, CTaB~a. H3ropa 33 MOM-
UHTe, KOHTO Jiy.neeJIH CJie)J. HeH . TaKaBa MOMa ce o:>KeHBa. CK0.pG>, H TO
aa TOfOBa, KOf0TO HCKa.
ToH KBaC MO:>KeJI )I.a np.HBJIHqa H MJOIIJ.epHH Ha J.J.IOKSIH3i. TtHl 06H-
11aH npHJIHqa Ha o6HqaH B CoqmikKo, 3a KOHTO cnoMeHaJX no-rope
C TeCTOTO 33 ,,K8)J.IU1Ta". (oa6a ToHKa O6peTeHOBa K8T<i> MJHt,n8 yqa-
CTByBaJia B e)J.HH TTO.[I06ett o6pe;i,- HO IIJ.HJI8 ~a- H)J.e- JJ.0601) JIOOYT OT J.J.SIJJ.8
THxa,3aTOBa H He IlOBTOpHJia. Heft: )J.'bJI}KHM THH CBeJ.J.eHHSI, C'bOOW.eHH"
Ha 20 JJ.eKeMBpH 1889 r. l1Ma onHcaHHe-no TOH o6HqaiJ H B C6HY, X 11 L,.
3, r. CoKepoB, HO HenbJIHO.)

6) M a JI K a K o JI e JI. a, 24 J.J.eKeMBpH.

ToH JJ.eH HMa ome HSIKOJIKo Ha3BaHHH: MaH.ect-

Komo KoAeao (CocpHflcKo), Cyxa KoAeaa (c. CeMHctre, XacKoBcKo),.
Kpa'lyn (c. Mapall.IKH TpocTeHHK, TIJieBettcKo), a TaKa ro Ka3BaT H
a KoBaqHua, MoKpelll H 8bJI11eJJ.pbMa, .TToMcKo. CnopeJJ. Hapo.ZJ.HO-
TO BHpBaHe 60:>Ka MaHKa ce 33M'bqHJia OT HrHa:>K)J.eH H pOJ.J.HJia MJia)J.a
6ora Ha MaJIKa KoJie.u.a, Ho o6a.n.HJia Ha .n.pynu1 .n.eH, KaKTG> TOBa cTaBa
o6HKHOBeHO. ll'opBeCKUH,Ji :>KeHa, T. e . MJI~.n.a 6yJIKa, KOHTO pa)KJJ.a 3a
npbB TI'bT, KaTO P0.ll.H, He o6a:>K.n.aT TOH .n.eH, HO Ha .n.pyrHH H ToraBa ce
BHKa H rocTe Ha 6oropo.zu111Ha mna. (Ba6a 3all.la CTOHJIKOBa, c. BaJia-
HOBo, 6a6a faHa c. BnJIKoBa, CJiaTHHa, 6a6a llo6pa, c. Tabp.n.Hua) .
ETo 3amo TOH .n.eH ce npa3ttyaa KaTo KoJie)J.a; HO rJiaatto TO-H.
,nett e npa3HHK Ha .n.euaTa H 6yJIKHTe.
Ha TOH .n.eH npa3HeHCTBOTO ce BbpTH OKOJIO KOJieJ.J.apqeTaTa MOMqe-
Ta H TeXHHTe CJiaBH H neCHH .
3a nocpematte Ha KoJie.n.apqeTa .n.oMaKHHHTa ome MHoro patto, npe.n..
30pH, me e npHroTBHJia OHHH xJie6qeTa, c KOHTO me nocpema H .n.apyaa ·
K0Jie.n.apqeTaTa. THH xJie6qeTa cnope.n. 3aM0:>KH0CTTa Ha K'bIIJ.aTa ca no--
seqKo HJIH no-MaJIKO, KaT0 ce npeCMHTa KaTO KOJIK0 KOJieJ.J.~pqeTa.
MOfaT )I.a noceTHT KbllJ.aTa .AKo 3a)J.pyraTa e MHoroqeJIH)J.Ha H 3aN.o>KHa,.
Ta HMa MHOro pO)J.HHHH, THH XJie6qeTa Bb3JIH3aT Ha 20-30, na JIOCTH-
raT )J.0 40-50. HHKOra, KoraTO e HMaJio MHOfOJIIO)J.HHTe 0HHH 3a)J.pyrH
c no 100-180-qeJIH,ll.HO ceM~HCTBO, Toraaa ca MeCHJIH 11 )J.O 100 TaKHBa
K0Jia11eTa. THH K0JiaqeTa ce )JaBaT He caMO Ha pO)J.HHHCKHTe H qy}K,U.HTe·
KOJie)J.ap11eTa, HO H Ha BCHKO )J.eTe OT CbIII.aTa 3a)J.pyra.
. <l>opMaTa Ha THH KOJiaqeTa ce BH:>KJJ.a OT pHCYl:IKHTe N!d 0 H N211.
KoJialleTo N210 e rpa.LJ.HHa cbc saKpHBeHH portieTa. Toaa xne6qe ce·
BH:>K)J.a B pHC. N27. To HOCH H5'KOJIKO HMeHa: KO(pp7'e, MH. qHCJIO KO-
s:'£JIHI'H03HH 05Hl/AH 389
ipp7'ZU, (JlOMCKO), K;pa8aU H KOAa'le HaBPIK'b,Zle ,npyra,Zle. KonaqeTO
.•NI!l I e m1eTeHHUa., KaKBaTo ea pHc . .N2l, 6yKaa ,,H", HO TYK ce Ka3Ba
npeeum'TJK (IlneaeHcKO).
Ko JI e JJ a p 11 e T a. Te ca MOMtieTa oT 8 ,no 12 r. Ha TOH »eH Te
TpbrB'aT MHoro paHO, OT cpe,nHom, H XO,ZlHT no KbmHTe Ha pO.l'HHHHTe,
Ba CbCe,ZlHTe H Ha BC1111KH ,npyrH, KOJIKOTO ycrreHT ,no o6H,n. Toaa xo,ne-
He ce. K83Ba KOAeaeaHe, a B JlOMCKO - XOJIHT Ha nomp1,mul{a,
BCHKO KOJie,nap~e HOCH ,npHHOBa npbtIKa, HapotIHO npHro,neHa
.38 TO3H cJiyqaff. THH npbllKH HOCHT HHKOJIKO HMeHa: KOqJp'TJ~aAKa
(JlOMCKO), 1'0AeaHul{a (CeMHClle,XacKOBCKO), KOAeaapKa (Coq>HHCKO),
KOAeaapHUl{a (B TipHJierrcKO H BHTOJICKO,CpB. C6HY, I, 16) H KAIOKa-
.A'le (B OxpH,n) .
<I>opMaTa Ha Kocpp'b}KaJIKaTa ce BH}K:3 B pHC . .N212; Ha Ko.11e,nHH-
11.aTa H KOJie}lapKaTa-B pHC . .N213; a TaH Ha KOJie,napmm,a H KJUOK8Jille-
B pHC . .N214.
Koq:>pb}KaJIKaT.a H KOJie,ZlHHUaTa He npe,nCT8BJIHB8T HHKaKBO H3-
xycTBO; HO .KJUO~aJrtieTO ce npaBH bfJieCTO H H8TIHC8HO C qepBeHH pe3KH.
TibpBRTe ,nae c.a no-,ne6eJillIKH npaBH ,npHHOBH npbqKH, a KOHTO Ha
.,AOJIHHH KpaH HM.a KJIHHlJeTa, 38 )Ja ce ,Zlbp}KaT H8HH38HHTe KOq>pbrH,
~paBaH'leTa, KOJl8lleTa H npeBHTbUH. TpeTaTa e TO}Ke npaaa ,npHHOBa
np'btIKa., HO H3,ZlHJiaH.a B 11eTHpH pb6a HJIH qeTHPH. bfbJia (11eTBbpTHTO),
:HawapeHa C :pe3KH; HHKOH KOJie,napHHUH HJIH KJIIOKaJI'HHUH ca Halliape-
HH C qepseua 6oH; Ha ropHHH Kpafl HM8T pynKa H BpbB, C KOHTO ce
npHK8'1BaT H Bp'b3BaT Ha IlOHCa C 6HJI H qepaeH ycyKaH KOHeu.
THH KOJie,naptieTa XO,ZlHT Ha rpy'nHqKH no TpHMa-'leTHpHMa H xo-
JJ.HT BbB BCHKa Kbma. Te He ca KOJie,napuH, 33 ~OHTO TYK me fOBOpHM
TIO-)J.OJIY rrpH Bb,IJ.HH ae11-ep;Te ca uemo KaTo npe,naecTH~UH,lle ae11e MJia,na
{5ora ce po,nHJI. TyK HHMa omrn KOJie,ZlHH neCHH,38 KOHTO me roaopHM,
.a KpaTkH CJl3BH H npHneBKH .
KaTO BJie3H8'il' B KbmH, nocpemuaTH OT ,naMaKHHHTe, KOJier ap-
"leTa Ta nHTaT: ,,CJiaBHTe JIH MJia,na 6ora?", T. e. BHpBaTe JIH, 11e ce po-
JJJfJI MJia,Zla 6ora, Ha KOeTo ,Zl8M3KHHHTe OTfOBapHT: ,,CJiaBHM MJia,n.a
.6or a."
B CocpHHcKo KOJiepap11eTaTa ce cnHpaT Ha KbmHHTe apaTH H TYK
rH nocpema HaH-CTapaTa }KeHa B KbmH - ,ZlOM3KHHKa, HOCeHKH B
pbUeTe CH CHTO HJIH GeCTHHa, H3IlbJIHeHa C TillleHHUa, H Clliena 3arpa-
6Ba OT nllleHHUaTa, Ta fH IlOCHnBa. I{o,neTo TH fH IlOCHilBa, Te y~pHT
H_QJie,ZlHHUaT.a Ha np.ara H BHKaT:
TbK, TbK, T1>K!
I{a ce po)lH, ,na ce po.rH,
I{eKa paJIO XO,ZlH:
I{eKa XO,ZlH H peKa .He XO,ZlH.
TiocJie BJIH38T B KbmH H TaM KpaH OfHHmeTo 6bpKaT B OfbHH H
onarocJiaBHT., KaKTO H noJie3HHUHTe.
B JloMCKO, Ka.To CBbplllaT 6JiaroCJIOBHHTe KpaH OfHHmero, naBaT
390 JiHMHToP MA' PHHOB

HM CHTO HJIH pemeTo C nmeHHU8 H e,U.HH XO)J.H no Kblll.H, Ta cee· nwe~nr-

UaTa H 6JiarocJiaBH:

na ce POAH, ,lJ.eKa paJIO xo.zrnl

lleKa paJIO XO)J.H H ,i:JeKa MOTHKa KOnal
llpyrHTe oTroeapHT: AMHH, AaH 6m1<el
Ba6a To)(opa, c. CTaKbOBilH.
B Coq>HHCKO (c. JlOKOpCKO) H OpxaHHHCKO (c. J1HT8'KOBO):,.
KOJie,u.ap11etaTa nocJie ropHHTe 6JiaroCJIOBHH H3IlHBaT TaH necHHIIKa~

Byii, 6yii KoJie.l{ol .lla npocJiaBHT MJia.l(a oora •

.lloJieTexa AB a r'hJI'b6a, 0tKJIJ0 1rnxa He6o-3eMil,.
Ta na,l(Haxa Ha opeme; OTnycHaxa Ape6HH ~eua,.
OTKbpllIHXa no np'btIHU8, TTpocJiaBHXa MJia)J.a 6ora.
3aHecoxa Ha 3JiaTape, KoJIKO 3Be3AH no He6oTO,.
.lla HM K0B8T 3Jl8THH KJIIOllH,
.lla OTKJIJOllaT He6o-3eMi, TOJIKO 3.l(paae B Ta.SI K'bIIJ.a,.
.lla oTnycHaT Ape6HH Aeua, Te6e neeM, AOMaKHHel
H3 c6opHHKa MH, c.nywaua OT 6a6a B1>J1Kana, OpxauuikKo. Gpe. C6HY, II, I

TTo.A06HH KpaTKH neCHHllKH ce neHT ow.e Ha .ApyrH MecTa: B

TipHJiencKo (C6HY, I, 16) H B OxpH.A.
JlHecKa HHK'b.Ae ·.Apyra,n.e He cpem.Hax necHHIIKH Ha TOH .zrea;
HHKOra o6aqe e HM3JIO.
KaTO CB'bpillaT CBOHTe 6JIOfOCJIOBHH KOJie.Aap11eTaTa, IIO,ll.apHBaT
fH C IIO e,l{HO KpaBaHtie HJIH npeBHT'bK. OcBeH TOBa cymeHH OBOlll.HS!, Fl
TO BCHK'b,l{e T3KHBa,KaKBHT 0 ce pa}KJ{aT B ceJIOTO. TaKa HHK'b,l{e HM
.u.aaaT cymeHH KpymH, cJIHBH, opexqeTa (CeMHc11e); HHK'b.Ae ·aapem,
KecTeHH (Kpymeao, MaKe.AOHHH), liHK'b.U.e H6'bJIKH (.llynHHilIKO, K10cTeH
,l{HJICKO), a HHK'b,l{e rp03,l{e H np.
Tosi ,l{eH 38 06.H..l{ fOTBHT <tJacyJI, Il'bJIHeHH mmepKH H capMH, 3a
,l{a 60..l{aT K0KOilIKHTe Ka11yJiaTH.
BbB BeJiec TOH ,l{eH .AeuaTa KJia)J.aT OfHbOBe. 3a TOH Of'bH C'b6H-
paT oTpaHo ow.e Ball<l8et{ (Tpeaa 6HJia) H cycepKa; KoraTo HHMa aana-
seu, ropHT cJiaMa. KoraTo ce .AHrHe nopBHHT nJiaM'bK, .u.euaTa ce Hape>K-
.AaT H notIBaT .u.a neHT KoJie.AHa neceH. (C6HY, XI, 86.)

B) Bb AH H aeq ep
B 6nJirapcKHTe KOJieAHH necHH HMeTo .,:Kone.u.o,.
MOH Kone.u.o Jie", KaKBOTO w.e BH)J.HM, ce cnOMHHH B1>B aceiru CTHX.
OcaeH Toea Ha3eaH~eTo Ha .u.eHH MaAKa KoAeaa, I'oARMa KoAeaa,.
e KOHTO .u.eH ce po.U.HJI MJia.Aa 6ora, noKa3ea.Hc:Ho, qe tyK ce Kacae 3a
e)l.HO CBpoxecTeCTBeHO CbW.eCTBO, KOeTo ce pa>K,Aa .Ha KoJTe,l{a If B
PEJIHI'H03 HH 05HC/AH 391
tJecT Ha TYH CbW.eCTBO ce npHHaCHT >KepTBH, npe.zviaraT ce :>KepreonpH-
HOWeHHH, npHJJ.py>KeHH C neCHH, HrpH H CBHpKH.
HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe e Hape)J.HJIO TPH KadeHU HJIH KaaoeflU
ee~pu, KOHTO ce Ka3aar ome 61>a1-tu ee'l.epu. BcHKa or THH KaJJ.emt
HJIH 6b)J.HH Be11epH ce ycTpO.RBa cpew.y TpH roJieMH npa3HHU.H: cpemy
KoJieJJ.a, cpemy CypaaKu H cpemy BoJJ.HU.H.
Me>KJJ.Y THX 06a11e 'H no 6oraTCTBOTO Ha Tpane3aTa, H no MHO-
)KecTBOTO Ha o6pe)J.HTe, H no 3Ha1IeHHeTo Ha 06H1IaHTe nopBO MHCTO
Jl'hp:>KH KOJie)J.HaTa BoJJ.HH Be11ep, KOHTO HMeHHO O3Ha1IaBa Ka)JeHaTa
aeqep cpew.y KoJie,na.
B 'h Jl H H B e 1I e p c p e m y K o JI e .n a. T oaa e o6mo
H a3BaHHe HaBCHK'b,ll.e. (B C. ,llparJIHme, Pa3JIO>KKO, TH ce Ka3Ba
Ha.RiJKa). BcH1IKHTe 6a6H raH Ka)leHa ee11ep HapeKoxa Bn.ll.HH ae11ep,.
KOSITO e nopBara Ka)leHa HJIH Ka,ll.OBHa ae11ep .
Ha TaH B'h,ll.HH aeqep MHOfO Ba>KHa poJIH HrpaHT 6'h,ll.HHK'hT,.
Tpane3ara, Ka,ll.eHero, o6pe.llHHTe XJIH6oe~ H KoJie,ll.apu.Hre.
B 1;, .ll H H K. ToH HMa HHKOJIKO Ha3BaHHH: 61,iJHRK B 3ana,nHa
6'bJirapH.H H CeBepHa, Ko11lli)HuK e Me)J.BeH, npuKAadHUK a K10crea-
.ll.HJICKO.
HHKora, npe,ll.H CTO H IIOBe1Ie fO,lJ.HHH, 60,ll.HHK'bT e 6HJI npaBO ue-
pOBO HJIH rpaHHUa .ll'hpBO, TpHrO.llHillHO, KOeTo .ce OTCHllaJio B ropara
OT MOM'bK, .llOHaCHJIO ce B K'hmH H ce npHrOTB.HJIO aa 6'h,ll.HHK c oco6ea
o6peJJ.· H neceH. HHe w.e H3JIO}KHM .TOH o6pe,ll., Karo cnoMeHeM nocJie
OT TOH o6pe)l K'b)J.e KaKBH OCTaHKH ome HMa.
Ome Ha MaJIKa KoJie)J.a, cJie.ll. KaTo MHHaT KoJie,ll.apqeraTa, MOM'h-
K'hT, KOHTO aeqe e aa }KeHHT6a, HJIH MJia)lO}KeHHK'bT, aKo HHMa MOM'hK,.
1=LI.e ce 06Jie11e B npa3HH1IHO o6JieKJIO H me 0T0,ll.e a ropara. TaMo me .ll.H-
pH )la HaMepH TpHrO,ll.HlllHO ,ll.'b60BO ,ll.'bpBo, uepoBO HJIH rpaHHUa; me
ro orce11e 11 H3KacrpH KJIOHoBere, raKa moro ,ll.a HSrJie,naa npaso paBHo
.llbpBo. ,lle6eJIHH KpaH me orpe}Ke c TpHOH, a T'bHKHH - c 6pa.nsa.
,llopBOTO Tp.H6Ba )la 6'b)le TOJIKOBa )l'hJJro, KOJIKOTO ,ll.a MO:>Ke .na BJie3He
a Komara; aKo e .ll'hJiro, ceqe ce BCHKora, T. e. cKpanrna ce OTK'hM
T'bHKHH Kpaii.
B .llOMa }KeHHTe H MOMHTe npeMeHeH11 me ro nocpemHaT. Karo
BJI€3He B )J.Bopa,TOH me 33CTaHe Ha crapHTe Bpara (K'hmHHTe Bpara) H
me IlHTa: ,,CJiaBHTe JIM MJia)la 6ora?" Ha TOBa }KeHHTe H MOMHTe orro-
Bap.HT: ,,CJiaBHM, cJiaBHM; )lo6pe. HH .ll.Olll'hJII" MoM'bKbT roraBa BJIH3a,.
KaTo roeopH: ,,51se B KnmH H 6or c MeHe!" ,a .llPYfHTe orroeapHr: ,,AMHH,.
)laH 6o}Ke!"
ToH BJIH3a B K'hW.H, OTHBa npH OfHHmeTo H CJiara ,ll.bpBOTO. Cera
H)le Hape,ll. MHpOCBaHeTo Ha )lbpBOTO, KO€TO CJie)l TYH MHpocBaHe er a-
Ba 6b)lHHK.
MHpocBaHero ce H3Bopnrna no TO.ff H31IHH: MOM'bKbT npoBbpTBa
He)l'bJI6oKa .ll.YilKa e ,ll.bpBOTO, HO OTK'bM. )le6eJIHH Kpafi; e Ta.ff .nynKa
me ce CHne sefitHH, me ce TYPH TeMHH H BOC'hK. HHKOH HaMeCTo se-
HTHH u~e TYPHT IipHcHo MacJio KpaaewKo. CJie){ ToBa .llYnKaTa lll.e ce
392 JiHMHT 1,P MAPHHO B

3aTB0pH ·C KJllffitie. KaTo ce CB'bpllIH MHpocBaHeT0,T0SI Kpaii Ha 6'bJ:lHH-

Ka me 6'b){e YBHT B· tII-fCT0 6HJIO K0HoneHo I-fJUf JieHeH0 nJiaTH0. TTpe.n-
:Il0tIHTaJIH ca JieHeH0T0 nJiaTH0. . .
KaTo ce yB11e B nJiaTH0To, 6'b.ZlHHK'bT e MHpocaH, ocBeTeH. Cera
c 11ero HMa pa6oTa 6a6aTa, T.e. Haii-cTapaT a a KomaTa. TH ro 3HMa
H ro ry*.na M3npaBeHo Kpaii orHHmeTo, )leTo Ill.e ce)lH Jl0 aet1epTa, Ko-
TaTo nocJie npeKa,aBaHeTo me ce ry)lH Ha· orHHill.eTo.
D,o)leTO Ce B'bpllIH BCH'IK0 T0Ba, K0eT0 e UHJI o6pel(, MOMHTe H
6yJIIUlTe, HaCTaHJIH 0K0JI0 M0M'bKa H 6a6aTa, XBaHaTH Ha Bep11ra npe3
paMeHeTe cu, ca neeJiu cJie.nttaTa neceH:

Oii Te .np1:;nue, npaao .npoaue! KJIOH me nycHa )lOp )lO 3eMJIH.

.fl.eCH paCJIO TOJIKO TbHKO,
TOJIKO TbHKO, Ta BHCOKO?
OTroaapH TbHK0 )J.pbBUe:
,,OH Te Te6e, MaJIKa · MOMe,
MaJIKa MOMe, Kp1rnonepKa,
51 CbM paCJI0 TaMO rope,
TaMo rope Ha nJiaHHHa,
Ha nJiaHHHa, Ha PY.llHHa,
Kpaii e3epo caMOBHJICKO.
OTceqe Me BaKbJI oaqap,
11.oH ece Me )la Me ca,rr.u
Kpa·H ormn.u e, . Kpaii Tpane3H.
51 . CbM, MOMe, 13JiaTHO .npbBUe,
3JiaTHO )lpbBUe, TIJIO)l0BHT0.
II.{ e nopacHa .n.op )l0 He6o;
CJJy11aEa CT 6c:t:a B'hJJKa1-:a, c. JlHTa¥.CEO, Opxam1i1cKo
.ITHC1 Ill.e JIHCTHa )lpe6eH 6Hcep'
ll.BHT Ill.e Unq>Ha tJHCT0 cpe6po,
Po)l Ill.e po)lH cyxo 3JiaTo.
Cne3-Ill.e no MeH MJia)la 6ora.
lll,e )lapyaa )lo6pa ,z:tap6a:
Ha MOMaTa .npe6eH 6Hcep,
Ha MaHKaTa qHcTo cpe6po~
Ha 6alll.aTa cyxo 3JiaTo,
Cyxo 3JiaTo, IIbJIHa Kblll.a
Coe .neqH.ua, coc Hr'hHUa,
Coe TeJieHua, coc K0HqeHua,
Coe Hpettua, CbC np.acettua,
Ccc nqeJIHUH . JI~K0KPHJIKH,
)K11aoT, 3,.paae, aece JIHe."

B KICc1eH)J.HJICKo c 6n)lHHKa ce B'hpIIn1 cJie)lHJUIT o6pe.n.

KaTo ce oTceqe )l'hpBoTo, na3H ce .na He na.nHe Ha 3eMHTa. O6HK-
HoBeHo ce OTCH'Ia MHoro .ne6eJI. )l'h6, )J.OKapaH y )lOMa, H OT Hero ce OT-
CH'Ia e)lHH KJI0H. ToH KJI0H ce BHHCa B K'hlll.H aeqepTa C'bC 3aJieneHa Ha
Hero B0ill.CHa CBCI.U.. KaTo ro BHHCa, Ka3Ba: ,,3a MH0ro ro)lHH . Jlolll'bJI
e Bo)l{HK, HOCH HH 6epeKeT B'bB BCH'IK0: HrHeTa, HpeTa, XJie6opo)lHH
pb)l{OBe, 6HJia mneHHUa, )l'bJifH 0BCCH, roJieMH rpo3)lOBe, HaTerHaJHi
.n.opaeTa (c nJio.noee) " H np. (Ba6a TTeHa, c. TpoHOBJiaK.)
B T0Ba CCJIO H B .npyrHTe 0KOJIHH Ha 6'h)lHHKa ce Ka3Ba npHKJla)l-
HHK. OT npHKJia)J.HHKa npaBHT 3arJiaBKH 3a paJIHHKa, a OT )l'h6a, K0HTO
6HJI oTceqeH H )l0HeCeH TOH )leH B K'hlll.aTa, ce npaBHT K0.1'1Ull 3a. TIJieT,
C K0HT0 orpa)l{)laT HHBaTa, 3a )la He MoraT .I(a H o6upaT 6po)lHHUH,
TaK'hB e 6H'JI 6'h)lHHK'bT HJIH IIpHKJia)lHHK'bT HJIH KO.Tia)lHHKbT HH-
K0fa. Tott e 3ana3eH H ,ll.0 ,ll.HeCKa, HO He Belle B TaH CTapHHCKa o6pe.u.-
Ha H npa3HeHCTBeHa <popMa.
TaKa B MapaWKH Tp1>cTeHHK e Kpymoeo Jl.bpBo, KoeTo ce Hac11-
·qa Ha qeTHPH uenJieHKH,KOHTO ry)l(Jl.aT Ha orHHLUeTo,Ta ropHT UHJia
 ·l'EJIHI'H03HH 05HCJAH 393
!Hom.B Tom1em (f a6poac1rn) 6'h.llHHK'hT e n'hH; B ITamaKhOH (5IM6oJicKo)
e KpymoBo .ll'hpBo; B Ce.M11cqe (XacKoBcKo) e KIOTYK .ll'h6oB; B KJIHcypa
(npH Konp1rnmm1.a) e .ll'hpBo oT ropyH; B ITaHariopmn.e e .ll'hpBo 06HK-
J-10BeHo; B lliHnKa e KIOTyK; B Taopmrna KIOTYK no-roJI.HM; B Me.llBeH
O'h.llHHK'hT ce K83Ba K0Jia.llHHK H e )le6eJio o6HKHOBeHO .ll'hPB0 ropyHOB0
(.ll'b60BO) HJIH .npyro; B BpeCTOBJUI.a (ITJIOB.llHBCKO) 6'h.llHHK'hT e KIOTyK;
B JhlTaKoao (OpxaHHHCKo) e .ll'hpBo cypoam1a; B )KeJrnBa (CoqmHCKO)
e .ll'hpBo; B c . . ITeTKOBo H .llpyrH n AxoptieJie611ifcKo e roJI.ffM n'bH.
B Tip11J1encKo ry.>K.llaT na1-uomKu, HapetieHit 6aiJHUKOUl{a (C6HY,
1, 17) ; B'hB BeJieillKO e cypoa11ua, HapetieHa 6a6Ka (C6HY XI, 86); B
·CKonCK•o e uepoao .ll'hpBo (C6HY, XI, 17()).
B'h.llHHK'hT, KaKTO BH.>K.llaMe, TT0.ll e)lH0 HJIH ,a.pyro Ha3Bam1e~ B
-e.ntta }{JIH .llpyra cpopMa C'bIU.eCTByBa HaBCHK'b)le 1-1 HeroBaTa CJiy.>K6a
e .na Il0.ll.llbp.>Ka Of'bHH Ha 0fHHmeTo U.ffJia Hom )la He yracaa.
O6pe.ll'bT HJIH 06111.J.aHT, C KOHTO 6'b.llH.ffKbT ce 0TCHtiaJI, .ll0H3C.ffJI
.a Kbmn 11 np1ff0TBHJI, e Ha yracaaHe; .nHeCKa ce cpema MHoro HapH.llK0.
0 6 p e .ll H 11 X JI H 6 0 B e. O6pe.nHHTe XJUI6oae Ha B'h)I.HH
aeqep urpaHT MHoro Ba.>KHa . poJrn; 6e3 T.HX Bo.nHH aeqep He M0)Ke,
JlttT0 Ka,neHeTo ce B'bplllH.
X1rn60BeTe ca HHK0JIKO,HO ·ho 3HatieHHeTo H no CHMBOJIHtieCKHTe
·CU illapKH Te ca OT TPH KaTeropHH HJIH TPH BH)l.a.
TT'hpna KaTeropHH ca xJrn6oseTe, K0HT0 ce nocaenrnaT Ha npa3HH-
Ka, Ha KoJie,na, e,nHH BH.ll 6e3KpbBHHTe .>KepTBonpHH0illeHH51. Te H0CHT
pa3JIWIHH Ha~BaHiiSI B pa3Hll M€CTH0CTH: 6oc08Ul{Q, 60208a numa,
·60.?/CUl.fHRK, KOAClK, ceemel{.
BTopa KaTeropHH ca XJIH6oBeTe, K0HT0 ca nocBeTeHH Ha ceJICK0-
T0 CTonaHCTB0: 3eMJie,neJIHe, CKOT0B'b.llCTB0, KbI.II.a, Il0K'bmHHHa, U306-
.IIJ,0 Ha ceJICKHTe 38HHTH51. Te H0CHT pa3HH Ha3Bamrn H H~aT pa3HI-r'Hatiep-
TaHI-HI. K0HT0 me 60.naT nocoqeHH T)'K nope.n 33 BCeKH KpaiL
TpeTa KaTerop1ur e XJIH6bT, OMeCeH 11 npHr0TBeH 33 Il0.llap'hK
:Ha K0J1€.ll3PUHTe' KOH TO me .noii.naT .na K0Jie)J.BaT. ToH XJIH6 HM a HHK0JI-
K0 Ha3BaHH51, HO f.TiaBH0TO MY HMe, Bb3Il51T0 B K0Jle.llHHTe 96pe.nH11
neCHH, e 0CTaHaJI0 3ana3eHo: ,,BHT-npeBHT Kpaaaft" C KpbCT .llYKaTo
:Ha ttero.
Tim o6pe,nHH x1rn6oae H5rnora, na 11 cera B HHK0H ceJia ce Me•
·CHJIH, npt1.npy>KeHH C Ba.>KHH peJIJffH03HH o6HtJaH 11 C neCHH .
BpaWHOTO ce cee C neCHH npe3 TPH CHTa, B'h3JieTH ,,KonpHHeHH",
K3.llH ce C naJieillHKKa, a B0,U.aTa, C K0HT0 ce 3aMecaa 6palllHOTO, ce
..ll0HaCH a 6HJI K0TeJI GT M0Ma HJIH MJia,u.a 6yJIKa, 0.>KeHeHa TaSI eceH
npe,n.ri Bo.llHH aeqep,KoHTo ome Hee pa.>K,u.aJia; TaH Bo,n.a TpH6sa .lla 6'b-
..lle M'b.rJqaHa, HeHaqHaTa H UB€THa.
OTpauo ome .ll0MaKHHKaTa e CTaHaJia,HaKJiaJia 0f'hHH, a M0MHTe
)J.0Hem1 MbJTlJ.aHaTa Bo,u.a. EpalllHOTO e 0TCHT0 H .ll0MaKHHKaTa 3aMecaa
TeCT0T0 C )KerbJia _OT HpeMa. H~Kora,KoraTo ca C'hlll,eCTBYBaJIH 3aAp_ y- ·
n1Te, T£CToTo e sa.MecsaJia HaH-CTapaTa OT )K€HHTe, a .llpyrHTe 11 no-
·MaraJIH.
· 394 ,aHMHT"bP MAPHHO~

KoraTo 60,I(e TeCT0TO roTOB0 BTaCaJI0, Il0llHyBa ce n H C a H e-

T o H a x · JI H 6 o B e T e. He acsi~a >1<eHa 3Hae .na nmne; o6HKfioaeao
XJIH6oBeTe IlHIIIe HaH-CTapaTa >KeHa, HO aK0 HMa HHK0H OT CHax1ne
HJIH eT'bpBHTe, K0SIT0 ;(a e Jl0llIJia OT npollyTa K'blll.8, ,I(eTo ce 3Hae Bemo
.n.a ce TIHlliaT XJIH6oBeTe·, Toraaa nHCaHeTo ce oTCT'hnBa Ha TaH CHaxa
HJIH eT'bpBa.
KaTo 60.n.aT roToBH, H,I(e peJl'hT .n.a ce neKaT. TyK ce o6p.o ma
HaH-fOJIHMO BHHMaHHe, 38111.0T0 B XJIH6oBeTe ce rJie)J.aT mapKHTe, HO
ce r Jie.n.a He no-MaJIKo H KaK ca H3netJeHH THH XJIH6oae; OT netJeHero
3aBHCH ;(a 60)1.aT 3ana3eHH mapKHTe .no6pe H )1.3 6o)laT xy6aBH, Jla He
nperopslT, 38111.0 Toraaa XJISl6'bT ry6M CB0.HTa Ba>KH0CT. Oco6HO f0JJH-
Ma rpH>Ka ce noJiara, KoraTo ce neqe BHT-npeBHTHHT Kpaaail, KOHTO 111.e
ce..nasa Ha Kone.napuwTe H Ha KOHTO rnaaaTapHT 111.e cJiaBH, T. e. 6naro-
cJJaBH.Ilo TOSI BHT-npeBHT KpaBaH ce npeueHHBa spe.n.H0CTTa Ha A0Ma-
KHHKaTa H qecTTa Ha K'bIJ.J.8Ta. ,,KaTO 6a6a l.I,eHK8 HHKOH He M0>Ke .na
HanHllie Kpasafl H tJHCTO .na ro oneqe", HJIH KaTo y IleTKoBaTa Koma
HHHJle He ce lliapH TaKa xy6aa9 KpaaaHT H"He ce ne11e xy6aao" - Ka3-
BaT K0JJe.napHTe, K-aTo cpaBHSIBaT Ha .n.pynrn )leH KpaBaHTe,K0HT0 ca.
C'b6paJJH. Bemo HalliapeHHSIT H BHHMaTeJJHO H3IletJeHHSIT KpaBaH e
rop)lOCT H 38 MOMaTa.
[B 3ana.nHa BonrapHH].
XJIH6'hT, npe.ncTaBeH B pHc . .NH5, HOCH HMe 602oeuu,a. MecHJia
ro KoHa IlerKoBa, c. AJJTHMHp, OpHXOBCKO, 22 anpHJI 1887 r. Tou: e
XJISl6, a 0Trope ce lllap H: KpbCTallIKa OT .nae TeCTeBH npbllKH, llHHTO
KpaHIJ.J.8 ca 38KpHBeHH, KaKTO KpUBULfUme ·Ha IlJIOB'bKa; THH np'bllKH
ca H83'b6eHH C 0CTpymKaTa 3Hf3ar' KaKT0 ce noKa3Ba CBeTKaBHUaTa
nocJie BCeKH Kpaii OT Kp'bCTallIKaTa ce 3arpa>K.n.a C TeCTeB Jl'bK, TO>K.
coc 3a1tpm~eHH ~paHma, a oTrope e Kpor H no cpe.naTa lliapKa c npo
cq>opHHK.
B C'blll.0T0 ceJJo H a MH0ro .n.pyrH cpemax C'blll.HH XJIH6, caM0 qe
JIHilCBaT JI'bKOBeTe . .
· XnH6'hT, rrpe.ncTaBeH B p1-1c . .NH6, ce HMeHysa c1>111.o 602oeuu,a.
MecHJia ro 6a6a MapHH C1-1s-KoH0Ba, c . MaJJopaT, OpHXOBCKO, 20
anpHJI 1887 r. XJI.H6'bT 0KporJieCT,- a 0Trope ce lliapH: Kp'bCTallIKa C'bC
38KpHBeHH KpHBHUH; Kp'bCT8llIKaTa Ha3'b6tJeHa C 0CTpymKa. Me>K.ny
KpaHIJ.J.aTa Ha Kp'bCTalllKaTa HMa lleTHPH UBeToBe, a 0Trope B'hpxy
TeMeT0 Ha Kp'bCTalllKaTa, .n.eTo ce Kp'bCT0CBaT KpaHIJ.J.aTa,HMa rraK UBSIT;
BCHllKHTe mapKH ca OT TeCTeBH BaJiqeCTH npollKH.
TaK'bB XJIH6 cpeI.U.Hax B Colli.OTO CeJJo, HO 6e3 UBeToBeTe.
XJIH6'hT, npe)lcTaBeH B p11c . .N217, ce Ka3Ba ceemeu,. MecHJia ro
6a6a DeHa P1-1cT0Ba, c. CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKo, 26 anpHJI 1884 r. Toft e
saJilleCT XJIH6, oTrope ce ·map11.: .n.sa Kpora TecTeBH, Ha3'h6'-leHH s1ff-
sar C· 0CTpymKaTa, a Ha cpe)laTa UBSIT.EAH~HHT Kp'br (KoJieJio) e K'hM
KpaH· Ha XJISI6a, a .n.pyrHRT e Ha6JIH30 AO cpe..naTa.
XJISI6'bT, npeACTaBeH B pHC . .N2l8, ce K33Ba ceem·otf (c8emetf).
MecHna ro 6a6a BH.n.a, c. CTaKbOBUH, BenorpaA'IHlllKO, 20 anpHJI
 E.llHI'H 03HH OSHqA H 395
889 r . Toit e xJrn:6 Kp'br'bJJ., a OTrope HamapeH : ,nae TecTeBH KoJieJieTa,.
)J.HOT0 K'bM KpaH' a .IlpyroTo K'bM cpe.na1 a Ha XJIH6a; n'bpB0T0 e Ha3'b6--
qeHo 3Hr3ar c orpH6KaT a, a .IlpyroTo rJia,nKo. Ha cpe,n;aTa U.BHT.
XnH6'bT, npe;:r.cTaBeH B pHc. N219, ce Ka3ea cBeme4 . MecHJia ro,
6a6a CTaHa IlopBaHo Ba, c. PaKOBHUa, KyJicKo, 24 anpHJI 1887 r . Toii
e XJUl6 H 0Trope ce mapH: Ha cpe;:r.aTa U.BHT, a OK0JIO Hero TPH Kp'bra
TeCTeBH H Ha3'b6'leHH C orpH6KaT a. B .npyrHTe ceJia MeCHT C'bl.lJ.HH XJIH6~
Ho c .nea Kpora.
XnH6'bT, npe.ncraBeH e pHc; N2 20, ce Ka3ea naK cBeme[{. MecHJia
ro 6a6a faHa c. B'bJIKoea CnaTHHa, H 6a6a TTopea, c . .51 pJioBHU.a,.
JloMCKo; TOA HMa Ha cpe;:r.aTa U.BflT, a OKOJIO Hero TPH rJia,llKH TeCTeBH:
Kp'bfOBe .
THH XJIH6oee: 6oro~HU.a HJIH CBeTeu., ca IlOCBeTeHH Ha K'bl.lJ.aTa~
Ha 38.ZlpyraTa.
IlpyraTa KaTeropHH XJIH6oee, n-oceeTeHH Ha cmoKama H M?JKama, .
T . .e. Ha .no6HT'bKa H HHBHTe, ca [cJie)J.HHTe].
XnH6'bT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N!.! 21, ce Ka3Ba 2yMHO (xapMaH) •·
MecHJia ro 6a6a Ilopaa, c . .51 pJIOBHU.a, JloMCKo, 1883 r. Toil e XJIH6•
H mapH ce: TeCTeeo ryMHO C epaTHHU. aTa, ryMHOTO ·e H3Il'bJIHe HO·
C KYilHH -TeCTeBH KOHYC'leT a; Ha epaTHHU. aTa H3npaeeH CTOH .llOMaKH-
H'bT IlOCTOSIHHO 6y)leH CTpa)K H HeyMopHM pa6oTHHK,KOHTO ce rpH)KH
,lleHOHOlll.H0 38 6JiaroC'bCTOflHHeTO Ha qeJIH)J.Ta,Ha U.HJiaTa 3a,npyra.OKOJIO·
ryMHOT0 ca HaJiflf8JIH nerre nceTa·C'b60THHU.H, KOHTO BCflKora ca 6y.n-·
Hff, IJ83flT CTOKaTa H M'bKaTa Ha CBOfl CTOIJ8HHH.
XJifl6'bT, rrpe,ZlcTaBeH e pHc. N222, ce Ka3Ba C'bll.l.O zyMHO. Me-
CHJia ro 6a6a IleHa PHcToea , c . CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKo; TaK'bB C'bl.lJ.O XJIH6
MecH fHKa ToMoBa Mou.aHKOBa, c . B1>J111e,np1>M, JloMcKo, a TaK'bB XJIH6-
MeCHJia H 6a6a MapHH · CHe-KoH oBa, c . MaJiopaT , OpHXOBCKO. XJIH6oT·
·e MeCeH 1884 r. B TOH XJIH6 ce BH.>K)J.a r yMH0TO H KYilHHTe, HO TYK
JIMIJCBaT nceTaTa-C'b6(?THHU.H H )J.0MaKHH'bT He CTOH Ha epaTHHU.aTa,.
a caMo e no;10.>1<eHa HeroeaTa Tostra-rraTepHu.a. ·
XJIH6'bT, rrpe,n~TaBeH B pHc. N223, ce Ka3Ba KoAa H e noceeTeH
Ha KOJiaTa C BOJIOBeTe . Do-rope, B'bB BHpBaHeT O, BH)J.HXMe K8KBO 3H8-
'leHHe HMaT KOJiaTa H BOJIOBeTe 38 CeJIHHHH a; a K8KBO MHCTO aaeMaT
Te e HeroBOTO BHpBaHe, ce BIUK,Zla TYK OT npe;:r.cTaBeHHH o6pe;:r.eH XJI.H().
MecHJia ro 6a6a. EJIKa, c . 1IynpeHe , B .eJiorpa;:r.tIHillKO. B Hero ce BH)K)la.
HpeM'bT, BOjl.OBeTe H opatI'bT, npe,llCTaB ,HH, pa36Hpa Ce, B TaKaBa
_¢ opMa, KaKBaTo ceJIHHKaTa e Mo.>KaJia .na HanpaBH. HHe m.e BH)J.HM .no-
HaTaT'bK K0JiaTa, npe;:r.cTaBeHa IlOBeJie BHpHo.
XJIH6'bT, npeJlcTaBeH e pHc. N2 24, HOCH C'bIIJ.OT0 Ha3BaHHe ICOAa ..
MeCff'Jia ro 6a6a BH;:r.a, c. CTaKbOBU.H, 1885 r. TyK npe;:r.cTaBeHHTe Ko-
na ce npH6JIH)K8BaT .no HCTHHCKHTe. TyK ca .HpeM'bT,npouen'bT, CT0JI0-
BeTe c K0JieJieTaTa, T. e . .neaTa 1<0J1ecapa.
BorOBHU .aTa, KaTO Ce npeKa,llH ,JIOMH Ce OT )J.OMOBJI8,IIYK8T,a H
CTonaHK aTa MY, 3a ){a ce BH)J.H Y KOfO m.e OCTaHe no-roJI.HM aTa IlOJIO-
-396 JIHMHT'bP MA PHH OB

BHHa. y l{0f0T0 0CTaHe no-r0JI.ffMaTa qacT, y ToroBa w.e 60,ne K'bCMe-

"T'bT Ha K'blllaTa npe3 fO.ZlHHaTa.
fyMHOTo, KaTo ce npeKa.ZlH, pa311}'nBa ce Ha nap1:1era H ce .naaa
:Ha B0JI0BeTe B TPHUHTe, XB'bpra ce 11 Ha nceTaTa .na rH He JIOBH 6.Hc;
J{B'bpra ce e.ZlHH 3aJI'bK H ripH CTO:>Kepa - 38 xapMaHa; e.ZlHH 38JI'bK B
KyneHa C'bC CJiaMaTa; a xaM6apa _c :>KHTOTO H Ha KyneHa C'bC ceH0T0.
KoJiaTa, KaTo ce npeKa.nH, pa311ynaa ce H e.nHaTa noJIOBHHa ce_
.JJ.aBa Ha opa11a, a ,npyraTa 11acT ce Ha,npo6H H ce ,naaa Ha opatHH-Te
B0JIOBe B TPHUHTe; .naaa HM ce .na HMaT CHJia H .Zl~ rH He JI0BH 6oJieCT-
Ta BJiaC. '
Ha TaH Bo.ZlHH aeqep B 3ana.n,Ha BoJirapHH ce K8.ZlHT ow.e TPH 06-
·pe,nHH XJIH6oae.
XJIH6'bT npe,ncTaBeH B pHc . .Nh 25, ce Ka3Ba AumypzuJL. Mec1fJla
ro-6a6a faHa' C. BoJIKOBa, CJ!3THH3, J1oMCKO, 1884 r.' 6a6a EJJKa,
-c. q ynpeHe H 6a6a B 1-1.na, c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJiorpa.ZlllHlllKO, 1885 r.,
•6a6a IleHa PHc'roBa, c. CTy6e11, KyTJIOBCKO, 1884 r . , H 6a6a CTaHa
IlopBaHoBa_, c. PaKOBHU.a, KyJicKo.
)leecKa TOH XJIH6 ce K8.ZlH Ha B'h.ZlH.ff Be11ep H ce JIOMH, KaKTO H .
-6oroBHU.aT2. llocaereH e H·a Mna.na 6ora, 3aToBa OT aero TYPHT npe.n
HKOHaTa e,ZJ.HO napqe H TaM OCTaH .na H3C'bXHe H ce ynoTpe6HBa 3a UHP
npe3 ro.ZlHHaTa. HHKora 06a11e, KoraTo e HMaJio KoJie.napu.H H ca xo-
...ZlHJIH .na neHT CBOHTe Kone,ZJ.HH HeCHH, TOH KpaBaH e .ZlaBaH THM H
orraM HOCH .ow.e ei:u-10 uMe oum-npeou.m KpaBau. Ilpaaw ce no TOH Ha-
"11:rn: HanpaBH ce OT TeCT0 oco6eHa TJI'bCTa KpocTalllKa; OTrope Ha, TaH
Kp'bCT3llIKa B cpe,naTa ce ry)K,na UBHT OT TeCTO, a TaKHBa C'blll.0 UBeToBe
-ce ry)K.Zl3T Ha 11eTHp.1ne 'bf'b,TJa Ha Kp'bCTallIKaTa. -TOH Kp'bCTallI nocJie
ce onacaa c e.nHa TeCTHBa rro-,ne6eJia npollKa KaTo KoJieJio; a TYH KoJieJio
-ce onacaa c rpa.ZlHHa He CKJioneHc:l, ,ne6eJia TeCTHBa npollKa c'bc 3aKpH-
BeHH KpHBHUH.
XJIH6oT, npe,ncTaBeH B p11c . .N226, ce Ka3Ba napaKAuc. MecHJia
ro 6a6a Casa HaaHHUa, c. EHJia CJiaTRHa, OpHxoacKo, 1893 r., H
'6a6a Map.HSI CHa-KoHoBa, ~- MaJiopaT, 1894 r.
H TOH x;rn6 .ZlHecKa ce Ka,nH H JIOMH. ToH e nocaeTeH Ha MJia,Zla
,6ora H e,nuH 3aJibK ce ry)K,na npH HKOHaTa. ToH nocJie CJIY)KH 3a JieK.
HHKora, KoraTo e HMaJio KoJie,napuH - TYK KoJie,napuHTe ca npecTa-
.HaJIH .na xo,nHT npe.nH 50-60 r . , - Toraaa TOH XJIH6 ce .naaaJI THM; oT-
TaMo H ,nHeCKa HMeTo BHT-npeBHT KpaBaH Hee H3lle3HaJio.
IlpaBH ce no TOH Ha111-r n: pa3Tpae ce no-.Zl'bJlra Tec1eaa npo11Ka,
KOHTO ce YBHe B'bB BH.Zl Ha HHUe H KpaHll.l,aTa ce Kp'bCTOCaT H 3aKpHBHT
JHa kpHBHUa.CJie.Zl TOBa ce Il0Jiara no e,nHH BeHeu Ha THJia, npH Kp'bC-
T0CBaHeT0 Ha KpaHll.l,aTa H Ha cpe,naTa Ha np'bllKaTa.
KoraTo e CJIY)KHJI KaTo BHT-npeBHT Kpasafl, Ha TPHTe BeHeua
-ce 3a60:>KJt.aJia Beii11Hua OT 11eMmHp, 3.Zlpaaeu HJIH 'Apyro u.aeTe, a Ha
BeHeua rrpu KpocTocsaHeTo ce 3a6o)K.ZlaJia KpocTaTa napa, Hape11eaa
.xp"bcmiJy,camo. 3a TYH Kp'bCT•.ZlyKaTo me roaopHM no-.nony.
XJrn6oT ,. npe){cTaBeH B pHc. N2 27, ce Ka3Ba C'bllJ.0 napaKAuc.
PEJIHI'H 03HH 05H'IAH 397
MecHJia ro 6a6a EJieHa To.llopooa, c. lh1peH, Bpa11aHCKO, 1893 r.
ITpaBH ce: pa3TpHBa ce rrO-.ll'hJI'br H T.'J'hCT TecTeB rrpnT, KOHTO ce ysH-
aa HHUeBHJlHO, Kpamuata MY ce KpncrocaT H 3aBHBaT Ha KpHBHUH. B·
cpeAaTa HMa AYnKa,Ho TH e MHoro MaJIKa. OKoJio Toaa HHue ce YBHBa
Apyr IlO-T'bH'bK TeCTeB np'bT C'bC 3aKpHBeHH Kpa,~IUa. rope ce ry.>K)la
Kp'bCTallIKa OT TeCT0, a 0Trope ce noJJara BeHeU,. 11 TOH x.11H6 )lHeC ce
Ka.AH c 6oroauuaTa, JIOMH ce KaTo HeH . nocsereH e Ha MJia)la 6ora,..
OT)leTo e H .nMero MY rrapaKJIHC. OT.Hero ce CK'bTBa no-roJJHM 3aJI'hK
npH HK0HaTa H ynoTpe6HBa ce 3a JJeK.HHKora ce )laBaJJ Ha KoJie)lapu.H-
re, OTAeTo H HeroaoTo HMe eum-npeeum Kpa8au He e 3ana3eHo. JloJJy
npH Kp'bCTOCBaHeTo ce 3a6oi{Ba Kp'bCT-)lyKaTo. -
OcaeH noco11eHHTe .llOTYK XJIH6oae Ha Bn.llHH aeqep ce Kam-1 oIUe
e)lHH XJIH6 BaJJqecT, B'b3)l'bJI'hr, npe)lCTaBJJHBaIU 6'bllBaTa H ce Ka3Ba
61J'1Ba. ToH.XJJH6 ce BH.>K)la B pHc . .N'2 28. Ha 61>11BaTa ce BH.>KAaT 06p1>11H-
Te OT TecTo; BH.>KAa ce epaHma, T. e. ropHoTo 0Taepcn1e Ha 6011BaTa.
Cpeiua ce B ueJIHH 3arra)leH Kpaii. TaK1>B XJrn6 MH MeCHxa: 6a6a CTaHa
DnpBaHoaa, c. PaKoBHua; 6a6a Pa.Ila, c. -CTaKhOBUH, 6a6a EJIKa, c.
1.JyrrpeHe, 6a6a DeHa PHCToBa, c. CTy6eJJ, 6a6a DeTKOBHUa, c. OcHKOBo,.
6a6a EJieHKa To)lopoea, c. 1.JHpeH; 6a6a Caoa HaaHmra, c. 6HJia-CJJa-
THHa, 6a6a MapHH CHa-KoHoBa, c. MaJJopaT, .6a6a KnHa DerKoBa,'.
c. AJJTHMHp, 6a6a CToHHa, c. KHe11rn, 1884 r.
DpeMHHaBa M B DJieBeHCKO H rro-HaTaT'bK.
B c. MapallIKH TpncTeHHR'., DJJeBeHCKo, 20 IOHH 1898 r . 6a6a HH-
K0JIHHa, 6a6a JlparaHa To11eaa H 6a6a UaHa TTntJOBHua MH l\IecHxa
CJie)lHHTe XJJ.ff6oBe.
XJIH61>T, npeACTaBeH B pnc . .N'229, ce Ka3Ba 6ozoeuu,a. IIIap11 ce~
oTrope Bnpxy XJIH6a ce ry.>K)la TeCTeB Kp'bC1 HJIH KpnCTallIKa; Ha 11eTH-
PHTe Kpamua ce rroJiaraT TecTeBH JI'bK11era, a Ha cpe)laTa map Ka oT
rrpoc<popHHK. To.ff XJJ.ff6 ce Ka)lH H JIOMH Me11<)ly CTOITaHHHa H CTOTiaHKa-
Ta, 38 )la ce BH)lH y KOfO IUe 0CTaHe K'bCMeT'bT. Tm1 ce pa3qynea 11
ce H)le.
XJJH6'bT, rrpe)lCTaBeH B pHc . .N230, ce Kassa napaKAuc. MecH
ce no TOH HallHH: OT TeCTeBa npn11Ka ce npaBH KYKJia, KaKTO e ITOKa-
3aHa; Ta.ff KYKJJa ce YBHBa C .npyra TeCTeBa npbllKa, IIHHTO KpaHIUa ce
Kp'bCTOCBaT; IIOCJJe TH.H )lBe 11aCTH ce YBHBaT C ITOCJJe)J.Ha TeCTeBa npntI-
Ka C'bC 3aKpHBeHH KpaHIUa KpHBHUH. H~ tJeTHpHTe KpaHIUa ce IlOJJaraT
uaerose.
ToH XJIH6 ce .naBaJI Ha KOJJe.napUHTe, KOIITO ca XO)J.HJJH npe.nH 50-
60 r. H HoceJJ e HMeTo eum-npeoum Kpa8au.
XJrn6nT, rrpe)lcraaeH B pHc . .NI~ 31, ce Ka3aa Kpa8au. MecHJJ a
ro 6a6a HHKOJIHHa. To.ff XJJ.H6 ce .nasaJ1 Ha Ko.11e.napu,1ne,a cera ce Me-
CH a H.ffKOH K'blllH HaMeCTO no-rrpe.nHHH XJIH6 napai<JJHC (N!:!30) . DpaBH
ce np TaK'bB Ha11HH: XJIH6 OKOJilleCT, 0Trope ce rypHT .llBa Tecn·Bn
Kp1>ra, a .no THX rraK Kp'br, HO TOH ce npeCh\Ja c nsaTa np~cTa-naJte-
ua H noKa3aJieua, H no TaK'bB Ha\JHH TOH Kp1>r npeAcraB.,'JHBa pe.nnua
OT rrpoJJ.'bJlfOBaTH Ton11era, CK0ffllaHH e.nHo C Apyro.
:398 11.HMHT'bP MAPH/:fOB

XJIH6'bT' npe.ncTaBeH B pHC. NQ 32, ce Ka3Ba zyMHO, O6HKHOBeH

XiISI6 KBaCHHK, 0Trope ce rnapH C TeCTeBa np'b11K8 ryMH0 C'bC 3aKpHBe-
liH Kpa1uua; B'bTpe ca KynHHTe, Ha BpaTHHUaTa CT0H CT0na~HH'bT
noJierHaJI, a OK0JI0 B'bH OT ryMH0T0 ca TpHTe B'b3neTl1 B neCHHTe -;,Tj>H
nceTa-c'b60THHUH". ToH· XJrn6 ce Kaz{H, qynH ce H OT Hero .l{aBaT Ha
.Il.OMaKHHa, no e,nHH 3aJI'hK ce xsopra Ha nceTaTa oT 6.ffc, Ha KynHHTe,
B xaM6apa, npH cTo}Kepa, a ocTaHaJioTo ce .nasa Ha anperaTHHTe Bo-
JI0Be H Ha opaqa.
XJI.ff6'bT, npeAcTaBeH s pHc . .N2 33, ce Ka3Ba eooe'1Coa KOUl:apa.
OTrope Ha XJrn6a ce noJiara TecTeBaTa npo11Ka ryMHO HJIH o6op _coe
.aaKp1rneHH Kpamua; spaTHHK'bT e OTBopeH, HO TaM0 no.,1erHaJJ .,,e)KI{
-6y.n.eH roBe.n.ap, a o6op'bT e npen'bJIHeH c rose)J.a. TyK JIHDCBaT nce-
--raTa CWOTHHUH, HO 6a6a HHKOJIHHa Ka3a, qe TH ry>KA3 H THH ncera.
XJIH6'bT ce Ka.il.H, JIOMH H ce )J.aBa Ha roBe)lapH.
TpH6Ba )la ce 3a6ene>1<H, 11e B IlJieBeHCKO H 11acT OT CBHlllOBCKO
·H JloaqaHCKO HMa cai40 [XJIH6a) roBe>K)la Kowapa, noHe>Ke TYK· ce
pa3B'b>K)laT Haii-JJ.o6pHTe rose.l{a; ,npyra)le e 3aCT'bneH nose11e XJIS16'bT
-OB'la Kowapa.
XJIH6'bT, npe,llcTaBeH B pHc • .N'2 34, ce Ka3sa H TYK 6-r,'UJa. ITpas a
•Ce no C'bW.HH HaqHH, KOilTO ce onHCBa H no-rope. TyKa HMa CaMO
Jl,Da o6polla H CTeHHTe ca 0TCeqeHH; BpaHTa ce BH>K)la H TyKa. Ka.llH i
-ce, qynH ce H ce pa3)laBa Ha KonallHTe; 38Jl'bK OT XJI.ff6a ce HOCH H
J{B'bpra B JI03eTO.
B c. TypcKH TpocTeHHK, HuKonoJICKo, HaMepHxMe HaceneH1-te,
KOeT0 npe,llCTaBJISIB3: OCOOHa q>OJIKJlOpHa rpyna: H no HOCHH' H no OOH-
111aH, H no o6pe,llH e.nHaKBO. C HHK0JIKO ceJia OT CBHIUOBCKO H Jlos-
'laHCKO.
6a6a Pyca HnKoJioBa H 6a6a ITeHa MHH11esa MH MecHxa cJie)lH H-
·Te XJIS160Be; 22 JOJIH 1892 r.
XJIH6'hT, npe,llCTaBeH ·B pHc . .N'235, ce Ka3Ba H TYK 6ozoeu14a.
lilapH ce no TOH HaqHH.Orrope Ha B8JI'leCTHH KBaCHHK,KOHTO e no-ro-
,JleMH.q'bK,Ce ry>K)la Kp'bCTalllKa C'bC 33KpH.BeHH Kpa11ma; Ha BCeKH KpaH
·oT Kp'bCTaIIIa ce nonara Jl'bK,. KOHTO e HE3'b6'leH C orpH6KaTa. Ha
cpe,llaTa Ha KpocTarna ce nonara Ha3'b6qeH BeHeu, a a caMaTa cp.e--
.Jl,a - M3Jl'bK rIOJI (UBHT) .
ToH XJIH6 e noKJioHeH Ha 6ora, Ha_K'bW.aTa. KaTo ce KMH, JI0MH
,ce Me>K.lly cTonaHHHa u cTonaHKaTa, pa311ynsa ce H ce SI.Ile Ha Tpa-
ne3aTa.
XJI·H6'bT, npe,llCTaBeH B p11c . .N236, ce Ka3Ba M TyKa zyMHO.
06HKHOBeH KBaCHHK, OTrope ce ry>K)la TeCTeB0T0 ryMH0 c 0TBopeHa
· BpaTHHUa; Ha BpaTHHU3T8 JierHaJI CT0DaHHH'bT, B'bTpe B ryMH0T0 Il'bJIH0
-c KYTIHH, a B'bHKa ca TpuTe nceTa C'h60THHUH. KaJJ.H ce H ce )laBa Ha
,opaqa,Ha BnperaTHHTe B0JI0Be,a no e)lHH 3aJI'bK ce XB'bpJISI Ha ryMH0-
"T0, a xaM6apa (>KHTHHUaTa) 11 Ha KYilHHTe CJlaMeHH.
XJI.SI6'bT, npeJJ.CTaBeH a p11c . .N'2 37, ce Ka3Ba oocta Kotuapa,
O6HKHOBeH KB8CHHK, 0Trope Ce ry>1<,1J.a TeCTeB OOOp, B ooopa 0BUHTe
l"EJIHI'H03HH OBHl/AH 399
HaCTbpraTa osqap51T noJierHaJI, •a caMaTa crbpra 3aTBopeHa c ap·aT-
HHK. OKoJio o6opa ca TPHTe ncera-cb60THHUH. Karo ce Ka)lH TO.fl XJrn6,
.,ll.aBa ce Ha OB1JapH, KOHTO ro pa3qynBa H .n.asa Ha 0BUHTe B Kbp-
MHJIKaTa.
XJrn6oT, npe.n.cTaBeH B pHc .•Mi 38, ce Ka3i3a napaKAUC: TTpaBH
,ce ITO CJie.AHHH H31JHH: llae TeCTeBH np'h1IKH, J-13ITJieTeHH KaTO KOCaTa,
,CT051T . B cpe.n.aTa; THH .D.Be ITJieTeHH npollKH ce o6rpaJK.n.ar c Tpera
TecTeBa npollKa, Ha3o6tJeHa c orp1i6Kara; a raH naK ce o6rpaJK.zta c
'l!eTB'bpTa ·nocne.nHa Tecresa np1>1IKa, tJHHTO Kpamu.a ce 3aKpHBaT Ha
KpHB~UH. TH51 )I.Be ITOCJie,nHH npb1IKH HM3T q>opMa Ha rpa)lHHa H 06-
rpaJK,ll.aT Il'bpB11Te OT',ll.OJIY Harope H rope ca OTBopeHH. BCHllKHTe np1>ll-
'llKH ca no-.Ae6eJIH1JKH H TJI'bCTH. ,
ToH XJIH6 HHKora ce i{aBaJI Ha KOJie,l(apUHTe H Torasa e HM3JIO 33-
60.neHH rpH aefiKH 11el\rnrnpoBH. .
llHeCKa TOH ce Ka)lH H ce pa311ynaa, Ta ce .H.n.e; e,nHH 33JI'bK ce
ryJK)la npH HK0Hara 11 CK'bTBa, ra ce ynoTpe6.HBa 3a neK.
Tm1 C'bIUHH XJI.ff6 napaKJIHC ce K3,ll.H H Ha fepres.n.eH . .
B CBHI.UOBCKO, B c. Tp-nHllOBHUa. 3a ryii ceno H 33 ow.e H.ffK0JIK0-
1'0, KOHT0 ca OCT3H3JIH no.n. Be,l(OMCTBOT0 Ha pHMO·K~TOJfHlleCKaTa U'bp-
KBa, H.SIKOJIK0 JlYMH. TH.ff ceJia -T p1>H'I0BHUa, EeJleHe, Operne J-1 .np.,
K0HT0 ca no.n peJKHMa Ha KaTOJIHtJeCKHTe naTepH, HapHllBHH TYK )lO-
MHH l', ca CT3H3JIH C'bl.UHHCK,H COUH3JIHH napHH (po6H) Ha TH.SI )lOMHHH
H H3ry6HJIH ca BCHllK0 CBoe H3UHOH3JIHO OCBeH e3HK3, Ha KOHTO ow.e
HM e Il03BOJieHO )l3 roaopHT. O6Hll3H, o6pe.nH, o6JieKJIO, neCHH, npa-
3HHUH, HrpH, CBHpHH - BCHllK0 e yracHaJio. HMaT npa3HHUH, HO Te
ca pHM0K3TOJIHlleCKH.
)K'bTBapCKHTe nec1rn, C'3aT6apCK1-'Te neCHH C'bC CBHpKHTe H xopa-
1'3 ryK ca 3a6paHeHH. B ccce.n.HaTa HHBa, .nero JK'bHe 6'hJirapKa npaao-
CJiaBHa, ce nee JK'bTBapcKa neceH, HO B HHBaTa, )leTO JK'bHe K3TOJIHllK3-
1'a 6'bJlrapKa - MOMa H_JKeHa; Haae.n.eHn JK'bHaT, 6e3 .n.2 cMeHT rnac ,na
H3,I{HfH3T. Ccce,nHHHT OBllap BO)lH OBUHTe H CBHpH C'hC CBOH Me,n.eH Ka-
BaJI, a 0B1IapHT OT K3TOJIHlliKOTO ceJio M'bJl'IH H cnyrna. -Xopa B KaTOJIH-
GeCKHTe ceJJa ca HeIT03H3TH. IToCTpara HOCHH Ha MOMH H Ha JKeHH e H3·
.XB'bpJieHa, a Ha M.ffCTOTO H OCTaBeHa caMo qepHa cpycra H qepHH 3a-
6pa.n.K~. .
To.SI peJKHM HHKOra He e 6HJI . Toii e B'bBe,n.eH OT 40-50 r . H
BCeKH, KOHTO 6H npecnyrnaJI 33IlOBe,l{HTe . Ha ,I{OMHHa, no,nnara ce Ha
HaH-CTporo qepKOBHO H3K333HHe.
Hew.o noae11e. Y3aKoHeHo e, w.oro BCHKa MoMa, npe,n.H ,na ce oJKe-
HH,T.H Tp.SI6Ba o6e3aTeJIHO ,na 60.n.e npHCJIYJKHHU3 Ha ,I{0MHHa, oco6eHo
ITO·Kp3CHBHTe H K0faTO me Ce 33,I{0MH, MOMaTa H3JIJ.f33 H3 KHJIHHTa Ha
)lOMHHa H 0THBa 33 T0SJ MOM'bK, 33 KOf0T0 o,no6pH TOH ,ll.OMHH.
Ha ,ll.pyro MHCT0 C'bM mrcaJI c noaeqe ITO,ll.po6HOCTH.l1 cpe,ll. TOH
H3UH0HaJieH MpaK BCe naK 33 HaMepHX CJie,lJ.H OT Hapo,ll.HH 06pem-1, 06H-
'13H H o6pe,ll.HH xm16oae. B TpcH'IOBHUa Ha 4 aar. 1889 r. rocryaax
y J.lHJ.l0 llaHKOBa, a 6a6a AHa llaHKOBHUa MH pa3Ka3a BCHllKH no,ll.po6-
400 JiHMHToP MAPHHOB.

HOCTH 3a Il0Jl0>KeHHeTo Ha >KeH1-ne no.n. pe>KHMa Ha )I.0MHHa. TH MH pa3-

Ka3a 3a Hapo.n.H11Te BHpBaHHH, 3a o6pe.zt.ATe H 06u11a1ne H npH Hai'l-ro-
0

JIHM CeKpeT ce CKJI0HH .n.a MH MeCH HHK0JIK0 o6pe)l.HH XJIJ160Be, J<OHTOt

HHKora ca MeCeHH, HO cen1 He CMeJJT, 33lll,0T0 )I.0MHH'bT e np0H3Hec'bJI:
aHaTeMa cpew.y BCeKH TaK'hB XJJH6 H cpew.y BCJJKa 6a6u11Ka, K0HT0 6H
nocMeHJia .n.a MeCH no.n.o6HH xJrn6oBe.
XJIH6bT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N239, ce Ka3BaJI TYK 60200a numa.
Toi% e rOJIHM BaJl'lt!CT KBaCHHK XJIJJ6, Ha KOHTO C 0CTpywKaTa ce 83)1.It.
TecTo 0K0JI0Bp'bCT H H3rJie.zt.Ba K3T0 3WH Ha B0)l.eHH'IH0 KOJieJio.Baae-
H0T0 TecTo He ce oTMaxBa, a ce npeBp'bw,a H ce 3aJienaa Ha CaMHH
XJlH 6' K8KT0 ce BH>K,na HCH0 B pHCYHKaTa.· Orrope ce wapH C OCTpyw-
KaTa: npaBH ce KpbCT HJIH KpbCT8III OT BrJI'b6HaTH pe3KH. Me}K.zt.Y qe-
THPUTe p'hKaBa Ha Kp'bCTawa naK. C 0CTpywKaTa ce npaB.HT )I.Be H )I.Be
nponrnonoJio>KHH, Ho pa3JIHllHH wapK1c .zt.Be ca Kp'hCT, o6rpa.n.eH c
Kp'br11e, a )].BeTe ca JIHCT0BU.H. TH.SI rnapKH ce BH>K)l.aT B pHCYHKaTa.
XJrn6bT, npe)].cTaBeH a pHc. J\i"2 40, ce Ka3Ba eum-npeeum Kpa-
eau. Toft ce npaBH OT KB8CHHK H 0KOJIO Hero )].Be TeCTeBH npb11KH, KOH-
TO ca CBHTH " npe)].CTaBJIHBaT )I.Ba Kpbra C HeCKJI0HeHH Kpauw.a, a
3aKpHBeHH Ha KpHBHU.H. E)].HHHHT e BbTperneH H BpaTHHU.aTa MY e
rope; .npyrHHT' KOHTO onacea TI'bpBHH' B'bHKarneH H BpaTHHU.aTa MY e
,noJiy.Bopx.y HM e)].HH cpew.y .n.pyr ce ry:>K,naT .ziea U.BHTa.Ha uaeToBeTe
e HMaJlo 3a6ytieUH ,naa CTbpKa 11el\•IIrnp, a Ha .zt.0JIHaTa CTpaHa 3a6y11eHo
KpbCT-,nyKaTO.
ToH XJIH6 ce .n.asaJI Ha K0Jie,napu.11:re.
BoroeaTa n11Ta ce KartHJia HHKora Ha Bn,nHH ae11ep, JIOMHJia ce
3a 6oroao HMe H pa3qynaaJia ce Ha Tpane3aTa, Ta ce H3H.zt.aJia.
B C . BaJIBaH, HHKorarnHa .naBJIH·KHHCKa 0K0JIHH, 6JIH30 )1.0
CBHUI.OBCKHTe ceJia. TyK 6a6a Kepa )KeJIHaKoBa, 4 aBr. 1889 r.,MH MeCK
cJie,nH1ue XJIH6oae.
XJIH6bT, KOHTO e npe,ncTaBeH B p11c. N2 41, H TYK HOCH Ha3BaHHe
60208Ul{ll. ToH XJIH6 ce npaBH no CJie)J.Hl:iH H811HH. O6HKHOBeH KBaCHHK
x;rn6, He T0JIKoBa roJIHM; onacaa ce c no-,ne6eJia TecTeBa npn11Ka, a
0K0JI0 TOH TeCTeB Kpbr H.zt.e .n.pyra no-)].e6eJia TeCTeBa np'bllKa, KOHTO
ce KpbCTOCBa H KpaHW,aTa ce 33KpHBHT ·Ha KpHBHU.H. rope H )I.OJIY
ce ry)l{)J.8T )J.Ba U'BHTa, a Ha cpe,naTa Ha K:B8CHl·i K8 - KpbCT8WKa C'bC
38BHTH HaB'bTpe Kpamua. Ha 11eTHPHTe CTpaHH Ha TOH Kp'bCTalll HMa
11eTIIpH TOnlleTa TeCTeBH.
XJIH6'bT, KOHTO e npe,ncTaBeH B pHC. ,NQ 42, ce K33Ba eum-npe-
eum Kpaoat1. DpaBH ce OT XJIH6 KBaCHHK,onacaH c no-.n.e6eJia TecTeBa
np'b11Ka, l.JIUITO Kpaww.a ca 3aKpHBeHH, a HaOKOJIO e Ha3'h611eH C OCTpy111-
KaTa. rope H .zt.oJiy HMa .n.aa U.BHTa·. KoraTo ce .n.aeaJ1 Ha K0Jie.Z1apu.1ne~
. B TJHJ,. UBeTOBe ca 3a6y11BaJIH BeHKH OT qeMlllHp HJl H 3)1.paeeu. .
.IlHeCKa K0Jie.n.apu pH)lKO X0)I.HT; 38T0Ba TOH XJIH6 ce K3)J.H H JIO-
MH, H.zt.e ce Ha Tpane3aTa, a nap11e ce ry:>K.n.a npH HKOHaTa " ce. CK'bT-
ea 3a JieK.
XJIH6bT, npe.n.cTaBeH B pHc. J\f2 43, ce Ka3Ba apMaH. Orrope
 pEJTH I'H03H . H OBH1/A H 401
H8 XJUJ6a KB8CHHK ce npaBH ryMH0T0 , B'bTpe ea '·KynHHTe, a Bl>HKa ca
TpHTe nceTa co60THHUH. TyK xapMaH'bT e 6e3 BpaTnuu a. Ka.nH ce H ce
,naaa ua opa11a. .
B c. Ko3ap Eeneue, CBHI.UOBCKO-, 6a6a MHlla HnHu:tieBa MH Meca
CJie)lHHTe ,nBa XJISI6a, 6 aBr. 1889 r.
XJI.si:6'hT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc . .N2 44, H TYK ee Ka3Ba 6ozoeuija ..
BorOBHUaTa e KBaCHHK H 0Trope MY ce ry)KJ:la no-TJI'bCT Kp'bCTeu; H-a
Kp'bCTeua B cpe,naTa HMa UBHT.ToA ce Ka,nH, JIOMH ce 3a CJiaBa 6mKHSI
H ce pa3qyns a Ha Tpane3aT a.
· Xnsi6'hT, npe,ncTaBeH :s p1 1c. N2 45, ce Kassa nJtemeH KpaeatL
_TqHKpaBaH ce npaBH no TOH HallHH. D.Be TeCTeBH np'bqKH ce H3IlJIHT8T .,
K8KTO B XJIH6a B p'Hc. N2 38, T. e .. KBTO KOCala Ha MOMa, H ce
ry>K,ll.aT
Ha ·xJI.si:6 KBaCHHK. TaH nJJeTeHHUa ce onacaa c e,naa no-,ne6em:1i"Ka Tec-
TeBa np'bllKa, K0HT0 ce Ma.JIK0 paanJieCKBa H H83'b61IBa ce 3Hr3ar C
orpH6K~Ta. B TaH ·nJieTeHHUa ce 3a6y11Ba BeftKa ·oT qeMmHp. ToH BHT-
npeBH'J' Kpanaii ce )l.aBaJI Ha K0Jie,na PUHTe, K0HT0 ea X0.llHJlI-l npe,nH 40-_
50 r. llHecKa ce Ka,nH H ce JI0MH .B cJiasa Ha MJia,na 6ora. roJIHM 3a,-
JI'hK ce CK'bTBa npH HKOHaTa H CJIY}l{H npea roJJ,HHaTa 3a JieK.
B JleTHHUa, JloBllaHCKo, 6a.6a rHua Bo-1J11osa liop6a,n>1<HeBa.,.
23 aBr. 1889 r., MH MeCH cne,nHHT-.e XJIH6oBe. .
XnH6'bT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc . .N'2 46, H TYK ce Ka3Ba 6~08Uija•
Ton XJIH6 npHJIH'la Ha XJIH6a, npe,n.cTaBeH B_pHc . .NI~ 35, KOHTo ce Me-
cu B TypCKH Tp'bCTeHHK, caMo qe TY.K Kpt>CTalll'bT e C'I>C aaKp·HBeHH B'bp-
X0Be, a He ca paaueneH H, KaKTO B·,.x nsi6a .f\fo35. HMa ow.e H TaH pa3-
HHUa, qe TYK 0Trope Ha Kp'bCTama e UBHT, K0raTO TaMo. e H Beueu.
XJIH6'bT ,- npe,ncTaBeH B pHC . .N'2 47,ce K83Ba TyKa 01i/l2URm Kpa-
eaa. To.si: XJIH6 ce npaBH no cne,nHHH Ha'IHH. no-,ne~e na TecTeBa npoll-
Ka, HAueo6p a3Ha,npo ,nonroBa Ta, ce xpocTocs a H xpamn.aTa ce saKpH-
BHT. Orrope nocne TecTeBa npo~Ka, Has'b611eHa c orpn6KaT a, ce noJiara
KpaA B'bTpellIHaTa CTpaea, a OTrope npH MHCT0T0 Ha Kp1>CT0CBaHeTo ce
nonara UBHT.
XJIH6'bT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHC. N248, ce K83Ba TYK xapMO.H. ToJli .
XJU16 e KBBCHHK, a OTrope MY orpa,naT a, 6es BpaTHHK; ryMHOT0 Il'bJJHO
c Kp'bCTUH, a oxono orpa,ll.aTa 0T&'bH TPHTe --~'b60THHD.H nceTa.
BoroBHU aTa ce xa,nH, JI0MH ce H ce pa3qynB a Ha TpanesaT a •
.ll'bJlflUIT KpaBaA -HHKOra e ){8B8H Ha KOJie,ll.ap UHTe H TOraBa B
nse-ra e HMano 3a6y11eea BeAKa qeMwHp HJIH 3,ll.paBeu.. Cera ce Ka,nH n
JI0MH 3a Mna,na 6ora.-
X _apMaH'bT ce KMH H ce ,naaa Ha opa11a H Ha anperaTH HTe ao-
noBe, C K0HT0 ce ope.
r
ColUHTe xnH6oBe BH)I..HX Ii B ceJiaTa: BaxoBHU a, 03HHU.a H KaKpa-
Ha. Mecmca MH 6oroBHU aTa, caM~ 11e no-npocT a : •JI'bKOBere· Ha3'b611eHH,.
Ho }Je Toft npaBHJIHH; )l.'hJirHHT KpaaaA e no-e~po R.a3'h611eH nonyi<p1>.r,.
xapMaH'b T C'bl.U. .
B c. Pecee, TopeoBc Ko, 6a6a B1>p6a ruueaa, nposBaH a l.JepKOB·
26
 402 ~HMHT'bP MAPHHO B

HaTa 6a6a, 11 6a6a D.ecna EHhoBa UaHeB~ • .26 IOJIH 1891 r., MH MecHxa
CJie)l.HHTe XJHI6oBe.
XJIH6nT, npe.ncTaBeH B pHc. N2 49, ce Ka3Ba KpaBaii H ce rrpaBH
OT Jl.Be TecTeB11 no-.ne6eJrn npnllKH; e.n.HaTa npn11Ka ce .H3BHBa .HHU.eBHJl-
Ho BbB BHJl. Ha Jl.'bfa H ce KpbCTOCBa C H3KpHBeHH Kpamua; Jl.pyra-
Ta npb1:1Ka ce ya1rna OKOJI~ Hero H KpaHlll.aTa MY He ce 3aKpHB.H_T.
To.SI npoT e Ha3061:1eH (Hace1:1eH) c orp116Ka. Orrope Ha KpbCToCaHoTo
M.HCTO Ha TTbpBaTa npb1:1Ka ce ry1K,na U.B.HT.
To.H xJrn6 ce .nasaJI Ha KoJieJl.apu.1ITe H Toraaa a u.aeTa HM~Jio 3a-
6 yqeHa BeiiKa OT 11eM11rnp. JlHecKa ce Ka)l.H H JIOMH 33 6ora. EJl.HO nap-
qe ce ry:»<Jl.a npH HKOHaTa H c na3H 33 JieK.
XJui:6bT, npe.ncTaBeH B pHc. N2 52, H TyKa ce Ka3Ba 60GOBUl.{a.
TipaBH ce no TOH Hal:IHH: OTrope Ha KBaCHHKa ce ry)K)l.a KpbCT HJIH KpbC-
Tam; Ha 1:leTHPJITe KpaHlll.a Ha KpbCTama HMa JlbKOBe; np1;;1 BCeKH bfbJI Ha
KpbCTama - no e)l.HH U.BHT. .
B C. .Uae MOfHJIH, PyceHCKO, MeCHXa CJieJl.HHTe )l.Ba XJI.H6a,KOHTO
ca npe)l.CTaBeHl-1 B pHC. N2 53 H .N2 55.
XJIH6bT a pHc • .N'2 53 ce Ka3Ba Kpaoaii. Toii ce MeCH no TO.SI H,1:IHH.
XJIH6 KBaCHHKa, OTrope MY ce ry>KJl.aT )l.Be nperrJieTeHH TecTeBH np"Q-
qKH. Ha cpe.naTa HMa Jl.YnKa, a OKOJIO He.H TecTeB aeHeu.. ToH XJIH6 '
ce )I.aBa Ha KoJieJl.apu.HTe~ TaKHBa XJIH6oae MecHxa H B c. TeToao, Py-
cettcKo.
XJIH6bT B pHC .. .N2 55 ce Ka3Ba 60Z08Ul{a, Toil e no-fOJIHM KBac-
HHK, HanpaBeH no TaK'bB HatJHH. XJH16 KB3CHHK BbB <popMa HHUeBHJl.}la,
HamapeH C mapHJIO. T. e. Jl.bJlfH H npeKH pe3KH; KaKTO ce BH)KJl.a B pH-
cyHKaTa. 0KoJio TO.SI x.1rn6 ce onacBaT no-)I.e6eJIH. )I.Be TecTeBH npbl:IKH.
0Trope Ha 1:1enip1ITe cTpaHH ce noJiara llB.HT, a TaKHBa )I.Ba U.BHTa ce
IlQJlaraT I{ B cpe)l.aTa Ha KBaCHHKa.
B C. 10nep, TyrpaKaHCKO, MeCHXa CJie)I.HHTe Tpl-1. XJrn6a, npe)I.-
CT.aBeHH a pHC. ,Ng 50, 51 1-1 54.
XJrn:6bT B pHc. N~ 50 ce Ka3Ba KYK/la. Tott e Cblll.IUIT XJrn6, Ka-
KbBTo e npeJl.CTaBeH B pnc . .N'2 5. Toft ce MeCH 11 Ka)l.n a cJiaBa Ha 6yJI-
Ka, aKO JtMa TaKaBa a Kblll.aT-a ; HO TaKaBa 6yJIKa, KOHTO e o:meHeHa H
Jl.OWJia B Kblll.aTa Ta.SI 3HMa. KaTo ce.. npeKa)I.H, CBeKbpBaTa · ro Jl.aBa Ha
6yJIKaTa.
XJu160T B pnc. NQ 51 ce .Ka3na KOAa'-l. Toft ce npaBH oT .nae no-
.n.e6eJIM TeCTeBH npbl:IKH, YBHTH BbB BHJl. Ha Jl'bKOBe. E)I.HHHHT Jl'bK c
poroBeTe Ha)I.oJiy, a Jl.PYfH5IT c poroBeTe Ha rope. fope HM a )I.Ba U.BHTa,
a Jl.OJIY ' e)l.HH:
XJI.H6bT B pKC . .N154 ce K33Ba 6ozoBUl{a.ToH XJIH6 ce npaBH OT
KB3Cf{MK,HO IlO·fOJIHM; OTrope MY ce Typra KpnCT HJIH KpbCTalll, a ace-
KH CTpoK OT KpbCTa ce o6rpa:m)I.a c JI'bK. · Kpam.u.aTa Ha Kp,ncTama H
Ha JlbKOBeTe ca HaTHCHaTH C MaJI'bK npoccpopHHK. Ha cpe.naTa 11Ma
TeCTeB U.B.HT.
KaKTO B lOnep, TbH u B llse Mor11.1H Mee.HT ow.e H xJrn6a xapMaH,
.PEJJJ 1rH03H J1 05J1f/A J1 403
Colll,O TaK'bB, KaK'bBTO npe,ncTaBJUIBa PHC. N2 48, KOHTO ce npaBH H
Ka.D.H B qecT Ha HHBaTa- H ce .naBa Ha opatia.
B c. Bm1Bo.na, HoBona3 apcKo. Ty:u ceno e HaceneH o OT Typu.H H
O'bJirapn . EoJirapH Te He 3HaHT 6bJirapC KH . CTap1ne .rno.ne, KOHTO xo-
.nsn no rpa.num.a Ta, 3HaHT no MaJIKo; Cblll.O TaKa ca HaytIHJIH .na roBopHT
QbJlrapC KH H nO-MJI8.D.H.Te, KOHTO ca CJIY:>KHJIH BbB BOHCKaTa.11.oMa o6aqe
BCH11KH- TOBOpSIT TYPCKH , 381ll,OTO :>Kem-ne II .neu.aTa He 3HaHT HH ,nBe
JI.YMH 6'bJI:rapC KH . Cera, KOHTO .neu.a XO.D.SIT B Y11HJ1Hlll,e, noHayllH JIH ca
no MaJIKO .na rooopslT , HO MHOfO MbllHO fOBOpSIT.
Toaa e .na.no noao.n, Ta OKOJIHHTe ceJia rH HapHtiaT raray3H. To-
Ba 06a11e !He e B"SlpHo. A3 H3CJie,nBax .o6Hll8HT e, 06pe,n11Te, ·noKblll.HHHa-
-ra, xpaHaTa , 06JieKJ10To-u.eJIHH 6H'.T H HHKaK He HaMepux 11y:>K,no. Haif-
JI.06.po .noKa3aTeJICTao, qe Te ca 6bJirapH , ca o6pe.nHHTe XJ1S16oae, KOH-
To MH MeCHXa, KaKBHTO XJIH6oBe H o6pe.ntt He HaMepHX Me:>K,ny rara-
Y3HTe.
XJIS16i>T' npe,n.cTaBeH B pHC. N2 56, ce K83Ba C llHCTOTO 6bJirap-
,CKO Ha3B8lHHe ·602oeul{a. MecHxa ro 6a6a C-ro:uKa CeMbOHoaa, 6a6a Be-
JIHKa E !Ht10Ba,6a6a reprHHa Bnp6aHo Ba H 6yJIKa KaJIHHKa 11.HMHTpoBa,
7 'HOeMB. 1904 r. ,
'XJISJ6bT e KB8CHHK H no-roJieM lll'bK; OTrope lllapKHTe MY ce npa-
BSIT no TO.H lltlallHtl'I. Kp'bCT HJIH Kp'bCTalll OT .D.Be TeCTeBH np'bllKH .c pa3-
,ueneHH H ·saKpHBelJH Ha KpHBHU.H KpaHm.a; BbB BCeKH 'bf'bJI Ha Kp'b-
CTallla HMa OT TeCTeBH np'btIKH npo,n'bJif0B8TH CKJIOHeHH JI'bKOBe;
OTrope 'Ha KJYbCTallla H Ha KpamuaT a Ha JI'bKOBeTe HMa no-rOJlHM UB.ffT
(non), a OKOJI·o .MY BeHeu.. TToKpaif BCeKH CTpbK Ha KpbCTall la OT .D.BeTe
CTpaHH H'Ma n:o .D.Be TOntieTa TeCTeBH , THSI TO~lleTa npe.ncTaBJIHBaT '
Kyntt1r. ToB.a ·noco11Ba, qe 6oroa11u.aTa TYK CblleTaBa _ B ce6e. CH H XJIH·
6a xapMaH .
XnH6bT B pHc. N!! 57 ce KasBa Kpa8au. TTpaBH ce oT .D.Be TecTeBH
np'b'IKH, H3BHTH K8TO .lJ.'bfH; npli B'b3JIHTe, ,neTO Kpamu.aTa Ha .D.'b-
n1Te ce CB'bp3BaT, oe n.oJiaraT ,nBa TecTeBH U.BSITa (nona).
Ba6a 'E oiiKa MH pa3Ka3a , J.Ie HHKOra ca XO.D.HJIH KOJie,napH, KOHTO
ca neeJlH KOJle.!{HH neCHH Ha 6'bJirapCKH, na 11 CJlaBHJIH ca (6J1a:>KHJIH,
6J1arocJ1aBS1JIH) no 60J1rapc KH, MaKap H .na He ca pa36HpaJ IH C'bJl.bp}Ka-
HHeTo HM, KaKTO H MOMHTe 11 6y.TIKH-Te neHT xopoBO.lJ.HHTe, CBaT6apCKH-
Te H llP.Yflf neCHH, 6e3 .na pa36Hpa T HH .nyMa.
ToH Kpaaaif ce .naaaJI Toraaa Ha KoJie,nap11Te. B ,ll.BaTa UBHTa HMa-
JIO 3a6yqeH H ,ll.Be Be.HKH qeMllIHP HJIH ,ll.Ba CTpbKa 60CHJleK: OKHtieHH C
nyKaHH 3bpRa -OT uapeBHU.a. .
B C. Ma-pKOBlI.a, illyMeHC KO, 6a6a BaCHJia noncTaH eBa Ha 14
J{OeMB. 1904 T .. MH M8CH CJie~ 1ne XJIH6oae, npe,ll.CTaBeHH B ·p Hc .•N'!i 58,
59, 60 H_ 61.
XJist6'bT B pHc. N!?58 ce K83Ba eum--npeeum KpaeatJ..Tou ce npa-
BH no CJie,ll.1UUI 11aqHIJi. ITo-rOJIHM XJIH6 KBaC~HK, OT,rope MY ce ry)K,ZJ.a
,ecTeB Kp'br, a Ha tieTHpH MecTa OKOnQ TOH Kp'hr ce ry>K)J.aT lleTHp
UBHTa. Ha .cpe)l.aT.a .e 3a6QAeH o KpbCT-JJ.YK8TO. 1H
404 tiHMHT1,P MAPJIHOB

XJuI6'bT B pHc. N2 59 ce Ka3Ba 602ooul{a. ToH x;rn6 ce Meca no

TOH Ha'llHH. XJIH6 KBaCHHK, OTrope Kp'br OT TeCTeBa np'blIKa, cnne-
CKaHa H Ha3'b6tJeHa C orpH6KaTa; B cpe,llaTa HMa 3Be3,lla OT ,llBO.HHH TPJt.
TecTeBH np'btJKH, Kp'bCT0CaHH e,nHa B'bpxy )lpyra.
XJrn6'bT B pHc . .N2 60 ce Ka3aa npen11emeH Kpaeau. XJIH6 KBaCHHK,.
a OTrope My TeCT€B Kp'br' a B Kpora Kp'brtJeTa, CJieneHH e,llHO B .llPY-
ro, Ta H3rJie,llBa e,nHa Kp'bcTaTa aepH:>KKa.
HHK'b,lle, a 6JIIDKHJffe ceJia, na H a caMOTO ceJIO B H5JKOII K'blUH,.
ce TYPH'f. B Kpora ,llBe Kp'bCTOCaHH np'bt{KH, HO Te ce CTHfaT C IlOKa3a-
Jieua H naJieua, Ta np'b'llKHTE; n:3rJie.>K,llaT KaTo qe ca HanpaaeHH OT Ton-
qeTa, CJieneHH e,nHo ,llo ,llpyro.
X.rui6'bT B puc. N2 61 ce Ka3Ba npae Kpaeau. To.A ce npaau o.T
,llBe no-,lle6eJIH'IJKH T€CTeBH np1>1IKH, CJieneHH €,llHa ,llO ,llpyra C'bC 32-
K pHB€HH Kpamu.a.
BHTHHT Kpaaaii ce ,nasa Ha KOJie,napuJ,ne; 6oroBHUaTa ce Ka.zIH a
JIOMH; npaBHHT KpaBaH ce Ka,llH H ·KoraTO ,llOH)laT KOJie,napu.HTe, qyna
ce H HM ce ,llaBa ,lla ro H3H,llaT; . nJieTeHHHT KpaBaH ce K8,llH C'bC cyxH
BapeHH Kpynrn OTrope MY, JI0MH ce H ce H,lle.
· B c. CMH,llOBo 6a6a AoBa He,neBa Ha 19 HoeMB. 1904 r. .M u MeCH
CJie,llHHTe XJIH6oae.
XJIH6'bT, npeJI.CTaBeH B pHc. N2 62,ce Ka3Ba 602oou4a. X;rn61>T
e no-roJIHM XJIH6 - KBaCH1-m; oTrope MY Ha cpeJI.aTa ce ry.>KJI.a .ua.sIT;
TOH UBHT ce onacaa OT Kp'br' C'bCTaBeH OT JI.Be OITJieTeHH TeCTeBH
np'btIKH; OKOJIO TOH 0JieTeH Kp'br H,lle BT0p fJiaz{'bK Kp'br, a OK0JIO Hero
- TpeTH no,no6eH Kpor.
EoroBHUaTa ce Ka,llH, JI0MH ce 3a cJiaaa 60.>KHH H nocJie ce pa3-
qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa. .
XJ1H6'bT, npe,llCTaBeH B pHC . .N2 63, ce K83Ba_ Kpaeau.~ ToH XJIH6
e -C'bllJ.O no-rOJIHM KBaCHHK, a OTrope MY OKOJIO KpaH ce ry.>K,lla TeCTeB
Kp'br OT ,llBe ITJJeTeHH np'b'IKIL HHKora, KoraTo e HMaJio KOJJe,llapuH,
Ha cpe,llaTa ce sa6o.>K,llaJio Kp'bCT-,llyKaTo, KOeTo ce JI.aaaJio Jia Kone-
JI.~PHTe. ,llHecKa HHMa KoJie,napuH, HHMa H Ty:ii Kp'hCT·JI.YKaTo, aXJIH-
6'bT ce KMH H ce H,lle.
B c. Pam. Toaa ceJio e pa3ceJIHBaHo. Xo.nHJIH ca B Eecapa6HH H.
_
ce B'bj)HaJIH HHK0JIKO K'bW.H; H.HKora e HMBJIO noaeqe TYPCKH KblllH-,.
KOHTO ITOCJle OcB0601K,ll€HH.eTo ce H3CeJIHJIH. Cera e IlO'llTH 'IJHCTO 6bJl-
rapCKO CeJJO, KaKBOTO e 6HJIO npe)I.H PycKo-TypcKaTa. BOHHa OT
1828 - [29] r. .
TyK B TOBa ceJio Ha 21 HOeMB. 1904 r. 6a6a neaa . .llHMHTpO-
Ba, 6a6a )I(eKa EaiioBa H 6a6a Myrna )I(eJibOBa MH MeCHXa CJle,llHHTe
XJIH6oBe. •
XJrn61>T, npe,ncTaBeH B puc. N2 64 : ce Ka3Ba KOAaK. ToH x;rn6
e no-rOJIHM KBaCHHK H ce mapH no TOH HatJHH: OTrope MY ce ry>K)la
KpbCT HJIH KpbCTalli,'llHHTO KpaHw.a ca IlOTHCHaTH C MaJI'bK nomUCHUIC
(npoccpopHHK); C'bW.O H B tJeTHpHTe 'hf'bJia e ITOTHCHaT C ITOTHCHHK, a a.
cpe,llaTa-mapKa C ITO-fOJIHM ITOTHCHHK.
ToH KOJiaK ce I<a,llu ·H ce Ha11ynaa Ha Tpane3aTa.
1'EJIHrH0 3HH 06HYAH 405
XnH6bT, npe,ncTaBeH ~ · pHc/ ·.N2 -65, ce HapH'Ia Kpasau. ToH
.XJIH6 e no-r0JIHM KBaCHHK ,' no,no6eH Ha CMH.zlOBCKH.fl .KpaBaH (pwc~
Ni',63)' caMo qe Ty Ka' HM a .n:ea nb,no6HH ' Kp'hra' OT H3nJieTeHH )I.Be TeCTe-
BH'_ilp'htIKH,-HS IKOra, KOraT0 _HMaJio K0Jie,napuH,Ce .naaano THM H Toraaa
Ha 'Cpe.z:r.aTa HMano 3a6o,neHo Kp'hCT-.z:r.yKaTo. Cera ce Ka:Zu-1, noMH ce H
ce H,ne. C'bl.IJ,HSIT XJIH6 ce MeCH H a .z:r.pyrH cny1.1aH, KaKT0 TOBa.m.e 6'h)I.e
nocoqeJlo.
B c. X 'hpcoao, Tipoaa.z:r.11iicKo. Ty:ii ceno e npeceneHo oT X 1,pcoao,
nonoBCKO, np_ e)I.H 100 r. B'bB apeMe Ha BOHHaTa OT 1828-[29] r. Ty.Ka
6a6a TieHa llo1.1osa Ha 10 HoeMB. 1904 r. MH MeCH cne.z:r.HHTe XJI$16oae.
XnH61>T, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc . .N2 66, ce Ka3Ba 6ozooul{a. ToH
XJiR6 e IlO-fOJIHM KBaCHHK, KOHTO ce rnapH c KpbCT HJIH KpbCTaill,
Kp·aHI.IJ,aTa Ha TOH Kp'hCTaill ce 0ITHCBaT C J11>KOBe cnJiecI{8HH. B cpe-
.na-ra ' Ha Kp'hCTa HM a UBSIT. .
BoroBHUaTa ce Ka)I.H, JIOMH ce 1i ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa.
XnH6'hT, npe.z:r.cTaBeH B pHc . .N267, ce Ka3Ba KpaBau. C1>s1>prneHo
e npHJIH'leH Ha KpaBaH B pi-fc • .N2 63, CaMO tJe TyKa OKOJIO CilJieTeHHSI
OT ·)I.Be np1>t1KH Kp1>r H):le om.e e,nH.H Kp1>r. HR Kora, KOraTO ce .z:r.aBaJI Ha
Kone,napu1JTe, Ha cpe.z:r.aTa e HMano Kp1>cT-.ll.YKaTo.,UHecKa ce Ka)I.H, no-
MH ce H ce pa311ynaa Ha Tpane3aTa. .
· B c. T10pK ApHayTnap, ITposa,nnifcKo . Tyif ceno e 611JI0 IIHCTO
TypcKo, o6aqe IlOCJie BOHHaTa8 B Hero ce 3aCeJIHJIH 6bJirapCKH Kb~H,
KOHTO ca ,llOlllJIH OT ceno .[LeBeTJil-lafall, Jlo3eHrpa,llCKO.
TyK 6a6a He.z:r.enH reopn1eaa Ha 11 HoeMB. 1904 r. MH MecH
XJIH60BeTe, npe)I.CTaBeHH B .pHC . .N2 68, 69 H 70.
XnH61>T B pHc . .N2 68 ce Ka3Ba KOAaK. Tm1 ce mapH no TOH Ha-
crnu: OTrope Ha KBaCHHKa ce ry)KJl.a npb11Ka TeCTeB Kpbr"H T03H Kpbr
ce lllapH c rpHBHaTa Ha 6ynKaTa; nm mapKH ca qen1pH: .nae rope H
1
Jl,OJIY H )I.Be BJIHBO H B)I.HCHO.
ToH KOJiaK ce Ka)I.H, JIOMH ce H ce pa311ynsa Ha Tparre3aTa.
XnH6bT B pHC • .N2 69 ce Ka3'Ba TO:>Ke KO/ZGK. OTrope Ha KBaC-
HHK2 XJIH6 ce ry}K)I.a TeCTeBa npb1IKa BbB BH)I. Ha )I.bra, HO C Kpam.ua
Harope; Kpa-mu.aTa ca 3aKpHBeHu; TaH .z:r.1,ra ce cnnecKBa u ce mapu
Ha TPH M_ecTa c rpHBHa.
11 TOH XJI.H6 ce K3.ZUI, JIOMH ce 3a CJiaBa 60:>KIHI JI ce pa3qynna
Ha TpanesaTa.
XnH6'hT B pHc . .N2 70 ce 1<a3Ba 1-1,ape'lHRK. Toft e KBaCHHK; OT-
rope MY ce ry>K)I.aT qen-tpH UBHTa; Ha Cpe.L{aTa TO:>Ke U,BHT H B UBeTa ce
"3360:>K)I.3 cpe6'bpHaTa napa, Bb3Il.HTOTO KpbCT-,llyKaTo. Tm1 XJIH6 ce .z:r.a-
B3 Ha Kone.z:r.apUHTe. rnaBaTapSIT ,Ha KOJie.z:r.apU,HTe Ha TOH XJIH6 Ha-
pu'la, T. e. 6narocJiaBH.
B c. Enec<J>aK'h, To:>Ke ITpoBa)I.HHCKo. HHKora 11HCTo TypcKo ceno;
cera nonoBHHa TYPUH, noJI0BHHa 61>JXrapn. BbJ1rap1ne ca .ll.OlliJIH OT
Mana A3HH, BpyceHCKH BHJiaeT, OT c. fho6en.
• IHMa ce npe.zt BHJl pycKO-TypcK~Ta eoiiHa OT 1877-1878 r .]
406 IIHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

TyK (fa6a MapHSI HBaHoBa Ha 13 HOeMB. 1904 r. MH MecH CJie,AflHTe

XJUl0OBe, npe)lCTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 71 H 72.
_XJIH6bT B pHC . .N2 71 ce Ka3Ba xap.MaH. Toii e KB8CHHK; OTrope
MY ce ry~a noJiyKpbr TeCTeB, xapMaH; BbTpe B xapMaHa HMa KAailHU
(KynH), a npH B~o.na e H3npaBeH KpbCTeu OT CHOITOBe. TOSI XJJS16 ce
K8)1.H, JJOMH ce H ce .nasa Ha opaqa H Ha BOJIOBeTe B KbpMHJIOTO.
XJIH6bT B pHC . .N2 72 ce Ka3Ba KOAal'. Toii e KB8CHHK I{ owope
ce mapH: Ha cpe)laTa e npa3HO MHCTO, 3BIIJ.OTO TeCTOTO e 3eMeHo C oc-
TPYlllKa; OKOJIO TOBa MHCTO HMa Kpbr, HamapeH 3Hr3ar C OCTpymKaTa.
rope H )lOJIY, BJIHBO H B)l51CHO ·e HamapeH C rrpoccpopHHKa.
KoJie,napuH HMaJIO, HO H3lle3H8JIH .MHOfO OT.,l(8BHa.
B c. KoHaK, EcKH,n:>1<yMaiicKo. )KHTeJIHTe ca np·eceJieHH OT Jlo-
aeHrpa.ncKo · mue npea 1828 r. B TYH ceJio 6a6a .Uoua )KenHaoea 1-1
cHaxa n Pa)l.a )KeJIH3oBa 3JiaTeBa Ha 24 HoeMB. 1904 r. MH MecHxa
CJie)l.HHTe XJIH6ose, npe,ncTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 73 I{ 74.
XJIH6pT B pHC . .N2 73 ce K83Ba KOAaK. Toii e KB8CHHK, a mapK
Ce no TOH H3llHH: OTrope MY ce TYPH KpbCT HJIH Kp'bCTalll C paaueneHH
Kpamua H H3KpHBeHH Ha KpHBHUH. JlHBaTa H .,l(HCHaTa CTpaHa Ha .Kp'b-
CTama ca o6rpa)l.eHH C .nsa JlbK8,0T KOHTO .necHHHT e BaJilleCT H rJI8,ll;'bK,
a JieBHHT e CIIJieCKaH H H83b6tieH; C OCTpymKaTa.Ha cpe}laTa HMa .nae
KpbrtieTa, OT KOHTO B'bTpelllHOTO e BaJ111ec1'O H fJI8JlKO, a B'bHKalllHOTO
IIJIOCKO H H33'b6tI_eHo C OCTpymKaTa.
XJIH6'bT B pHC. ,N'Q74 ce K83B8 Kpasau.Toil e KBaCHHK, KOHTO ce
mapli: OTrope MY ce ry:>1<.na TeCTeBa npb11Ka :B'bB BH)( Ha Kp'br; TH e
IIJIOCKa H Ha3b6eHa C OCTpymKaTa. B cpe.naTa HMa UBHT.
KoJiaK'bT ce Ka,ZlH H ce JIOMH OT .CTOII8HKaTa H CTOilaHHHa, a
KpaBaHT HHKora ce ~aBaJI Ha KoJie.napuH . .UHecKa ce Ka.llH H paaqynea
Ha TparreaaTa.
B c. ITaJIHMapuH, TbpHoBCKo, 6a6a HBaHKa Kapa-To.nopHua, 28
HoeMB. 1904 r., MH MeCH CJie,nHHTe TPH XJIH6a, npe.ncTaBeHH B pHC.
,N'Q 75, 76 H 77.
XJIH6bT B pHc . .N2 75 ce Kaaaa 6oeoeul{a.· Toii e KBaCHHK H ce
mapH no TOH HallHH. OTrope MY ce ry:>K)l.3 KpbCT HJIH KpbCTalll; Kpa-
JUUaTa Ha KpbCTama ca o6rpa)l.eHH C JI'bKOB·e, cnJieCKaHH H H33b6tieHK
C OCTpyrnKaTa; Ha. cpe.naTa HM a UBHT.
Eoroa11uaTa ce KaJlH Ir ce pa3Yynaa Ha Tpane3aTa.
XJIH6bT B pHc . .N2 76 .ce Kaaaa eum-npeeum Kpaeau. Toii e Keac-
HH K . illap w ce no TOH H311HH: Ha CaMaTa cpe.zia HMa UBHT; B TOH UB.ffT
aa60:>KJI.ZT cpe6peHa napa KpbCT-.nyKaTo. OKOJIO TOH UBHT HMa Kp'br OT
onJieTeHH TeCTeB H npb11KH ; OKOJIO TOH Kp'br HJI.8T JI.pyrH )(Ba Kpora, cne-
ne1rn eJI.MH c JI.pyr. OTrope Bbpxy THH KpbroBe ce ry:>1<)].aT Ha qeTHPH
crpaHH TeCTeBM KpbCT'leTa, HapM118HH TYK Kp7Jcm 60:JICU .
C TOH KpaBaH KOJie,l1.apuHre Hap RLiaT H nocne ro B3HM3T.
X JIH6bT B pnc. N2 77 ce Ka3Ba ap.MaH. ToH XJIH6 e KBaCHHK n
ce rnapu : OTr ope ce ry.>KJI.3 TeCT eB Kp'br, KOHTO npe)lCT3BJIHB8 JlBOp'bTp
PEJ 1HI' H03 HH OEH l/AH 407
ryMHQ TO. BoTp e B ,l(Bopa ca npe.l(CTaBeHH KOJiaTa C
X0MOta, paJiiJIU,aTa,.
KonpaJIHTa H KYilHHTe: OTB'bH ca TPHTe .nceTa C'b60THHUH.
TyK TOH XJIH6 ce npaa u B qecT Ha HHBaTa H Ha KoJiaTa. Ka.n.11:
ce ope.
ce II ce ,l(aBa Ha opaqa H Ha BoJioBeTe Bnper aTHH , c i<oHTo
THTho BaTa, H
B c. To.l(bOBU.H, EJieH c,Ko, 6a6a Map.0 H CToeHHu,a,
HTe KJUl-
6a6a MoMa CTe<paHOBHUa Ha 26 IOJIH 1890 r. MH MeCHXa CJie,l(H
6oue, npe,n.cTaBeHH B pHc. ~'!i 78, 79 11 80.
u1M
XJu160T i3 pHc . .N2 78 ce Ka3~a 602oduija. ToH XJIH6 e no-r0J
Tallla rrpe,ll-
KBaCHHK; mapH ce: OTrop e Kp'bCTalll, Kpam uaTa Ha Kp'bC
CTaBJIHBaT ,Kp'bCTtieTa, a B cpe,n.aT~ UBHT. .
ToH XJIH6 · ce KaJUt, JIOMH ce H ce pa3qy naa Ha Tpane 3aTa.
TPK
XnH6 'bT B p11c . .NQ 79 ce I<a3Ba Kpanau. Toii ce rrpaBH oT
ce BJUK.ll.a
TecTeBH rrpotIK H. LlBeT e ce onnnT aT ·KaTo Koca, KaKTO Tye
npnqK H
HCHO OT pHCYHKaTa,TpeTaTa npotI Ka onaca a THH BnJieTeHH
H o6pa3 yBaT CJieneH OT THX XJIH6. . .
Toii ce .l(aBaJI HHKo ra Ha KOJ1e.n.apu,11Te, a ,n.HecKa ce Ka.nu, JI0MH
ce M ce pasqy naa Ha Tpane 3aTa.
oT ·
XnH6 'bT B p11c . .N2 80 ce Ka3Ba naK Kpaeau. Toii ce rrpaBH
0 ce6e Ha
)(Be TeCTeBH rrp'bllKH: e,l(HaTa MH0r o )l.'bJira ce YBHBa OKOJI
OCBaT . Ha
Kpnr, BTopa Ta onacB.a TOH Kp'br H Kpa1u11,aTa ce Kp'bCT
Ha3'b6BaT (pe}KaT)
Kp'bCT0CaH·OTO MHCTO ce ry:H<.na UBHT, a Kpam uaTa ce
c orpH6 Kata.
THH )(Ba XJIH6a ,l(HeCKa ce Belle He MeCHT Ha Bo)l.HH aeqep , ace
M eC.RT Ha BeJIHK ,l(eH H feprbO B,ll.eH .
B c. Map.HH, EneHCKO, 6a6a He.na KHp11eaa, no M'b}K )l.H.ll.O JloJI-
XJI.H.6ap
qeaa, u 6a6a .llpar aHa Ha 23 JOJIH 1890 r. MH Mec11xa cne,n.HHTe .n.aa
npe,n.cTaBeHH B pHc. N2 81. H 82.
np
XJIH6'bT B pHc . .N2 81 ce Ka3Ba 6020Buija. ToH XJIH6 ce mapH
YHHTO Kpa111 ..u,a ca
TOH H3lIHH. OTrop e Ha XJI.H.6a ce npaBH Kp'bCTalll,
Kp'bCTalll
C'blU0 TaKa Kp'bCTlleTa, [a B cpe,n.aTa HMa UBHT]; OKOJIO TOH
,l(eH crinec KaH Kpor .
ce npaau Kpnr, a caMH.HT KBaCHHK ce onaca a c nocJie
T~ 113-
KOHTO e Ba,n.eH (Ba)l..HT ce TpH'br'bJIHH K'bCtieTa C orpH6 KaTa,
.
f Jie,n.Ba H33'b6lieH KaTO BO)l.eHHlIHO KOJieJio).
pa3-
. BoroBHU,aTa ce Ka,l(H, JIOMH ce OT CTonaHHHa H CTOil3HKaTa,
qynaa ce Ha Tpane 3aTa H ce .H.l(e.
Ba
XnH6 'hT a pnc . .N2 82 ce Kasaa Kpaeau. TipaB H ce OT TecTe
TeCTe BH np'blIK H;
.n.e6eJIH np'bllKH. TinpB HHT Kpor OT )(Be [OHJieTeHH]
TeCTeBn:
BT0PHHT Kp'br, KOHTO onaca a nopBH H, naK OT )(Be [orrJieTeHn}
np'bl{K H. [OKOJIO Te3H )(Ba Kpor a HMa ow.e eJJ.HH
Kpor OT BakqecTa Te-
a TPHTe
CTeBa npolIK a. J TiocJie,l(HHHT Kp'hr,no-.n.e6eJJ H cnnec KaH, onacB
Kpor ce
1<p1>ra, KpaumaTa MY ca i<pncTocaHH. ToH KpaeH cnnecKa.H
KpaBaH e
B3JJ.H, KaKT0 H B XJifl6 a .N2 81. O6w.a Ta ¢opM a o6atJe Ha TOfl
.Hou,eBHJJ.Ha, T. e. H3rJie,l(Ba KaTo en1-mca.
I
npeJJ.H 50-6 0 r. e HM2JI0 KOJie.napH M TOH KpaBaH ce )laBaJ
no-
TflM. Ba6a He.l(a, 6a6HtJKa Ha 65-70 -ro,n. HmHa Bo3pa cT, e,n;saM
KpaB aiL
MHH,-11e B K'bW.aTa HM JJ.0X0JK,l(aJIH K0Jie,l(apH H HM )laBaJIH TaK'bB
 408 JiHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Ho )1..Hec TOfl XJIH6 ce MeCH Ha caaroa, K3KTO me ro BH.l{HM, KOf8TO ce H3-

.I{a,naT .,,BHpBaHHH H OOH'laH npH csaT6a, p_a>KJlaHe H YMHpase". TyK
i'OBOpHM aa Hero KaTO 3a KOJie,napCKH Kpasaii. IlpH CBaT6aTa Ha Hero
HMa Ha6y'leHH ~eTHpH CTp'bKa 6oCHJieK H TaMO HOCH HOBO H83B8HHe
mu,c-oe1tuK.
B c.
TonJJem H 3e.neHo ,nopso, ra6poacKo, 6ynxa MapHH JlexoBa,
no M'b:>K M1-m qeaa, po,noM .OT 3e.neHo ,nopBo, a ce o:>KeHHJia B Ton~eiµ,
Mee H MH Ha 10 aBr. 1890 ·r. cJJe,nHine XJIH6ose, npe,ncTaBeHH .B puc .
.•NI? 83 H 84.•
XJu161>T B pttc. N2 83 ce Ka3Ba· KOAOX. ToA H3rJJe,nBa KaTo r~H-
Mo crrnec-Ha110· 51.Jlu-e, T. e. eJrnncos11,neH. Orrope Ha XJIH6a ce _ryiK.z{a
B'b3.ll,JJ'bfHeCTa K;Jl'bCTalllKa C'bC 3aKp1rneHH Kpamn.a; OT CTpaHHTe HMa
](Ba JI'bKa H no TPH UBHTa, rope H ,nony.
ToSI xnHG> ce 1rn,nu, no.MH ce u ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpaneaara . .
· XJJH6'bT B pHC. N2 84 ce Ka3Ba . ap.Ma1t; TOH e KBaCHHI< H OTrope
MY ce ry}i{,na TeCTeBa np'b'lKa - ryMHO C OTBopeHa apaTHHUa; B'bTpe
ce BH:>K)(aT KYilHH, a Ha BpaTHHUaTa Kp'bCTeu; OKOJIO orpa.ll,aTa ca
nceTaTa-c'b60THHUH.
TOH XJrn6 ce Ka.ll.H H ce ,naBa Ha opaqa.
B c. KoJIH6Jne, TpoHHCKO, 6a6a IleHa Muqeaa, IlnaTHapKaTa,
16 IOJJH 1890 r . , MH MeCH CJie)(HHTe XJIH6oae, npe,ncTaBeHH a pHC .
..N'2 85 H 86. .
XnH6'bT a pHc. N2 85 ce Kaaaa KOJZOX. To~ e KBaCHHK H OTro'-
pe [ HMa) KpncTaIII; Me.R<:,ny cTpaHHTe Ha KpncTallla JI'hKoBe. T1rn JI'.bKO-
Be ca nJioCKH; Ha · cpe,naTa H Ha t1en1p1ne Kpa1nua HM a u.ae'i'oae.
ToSI XJIH6 ce K3.lI.H, JIOMH ce OT CTOilaHHH·a H CTonaHKaTa H. ce
pa3t1ynBa ,na ce H,ne.
XnH6bT B puc. N2 86 ce Ka3Ba KoAa. 0Trope Ha KBaCHHKa ce
npaB.SIT KOJiaTa, .HpeM'bT ff npou.en1>T, a oT ,nBeTe cTpaau Ha npou.ena
1uvra KYilHH.
Toaa e e,nHo ColleTaHHe OT KOAa H xapMaH. B tieCT Ha HHBaTa l:i
Ha .R<:HTOTO.
KonaTa ce Ka.ll.H H ce ,naaa Ha opat1a.
B rp. TeTeBeHe 6a6a BeJIHKa ,UotIOBHU.a Ha 12 aar. 1890 r.
MH MeCH CJie}.(HHTe ,nBa XJISI6a, npe,ncTaBeHH B pHC. N2 87 H 88.
Xn.si6'hT B pHc. N!? 87 ce Kaaaa 6ozoeu4a. ToH ·XJI.SI6 e KBaCHHK,
HalllapeH oTrope c TecTeBa no-,ne6eJ1a u pa3nJ1ecKaHa npotIKa, Ha3b6-
11eHa C orpH6KaTa; Ha 'leTHpH''re CTpaHH HalllapeH C IlOTHCHHKa (npo-·
cq)OpHHKa)' a B cpe)laTa HM a UBRT.
XJJH6'bT B pHc. N2 88 ce Ka3Ba ee&rep1tu4a. T oH xn.s16 ce npaea
OT ~e6eJia TeCTeBa np'b'IK3, H3BHTa B'bB BH,ll Ha KpaBaH c KpbCTOC3Hli
Kpamn.a. rope ce ry:>K,na cnnecKaH tecTeB JI'hK, Ha3'b611eH c orpH6KaT~,
a .ll,OJIY Ha Kp'bCTOCaHOTO M.HCTO H Ha ,nBaTa KpaH Ha BetiepHHUaTa ce
mapH C IlOTHCHHKa.
BeqepHHUaTa no q>OpMaTa H _ I llapKHTe npHJIHlla Ha HHKoraw»HH
PBJIHF H03HH OBHlJA H 409.
KpaBaA, KOHTO ce )J.aBaJI Ha KOJieJJ.ap1u 1Te; HO cera HHMa KOJie.llapu;H
H · xn116'bT ce KaJJ.H H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa.
B · c. 5I6naeHua , TeTeBeHcKo, 6a6a ByKa MapKoBa, 14 aar.
1890 r., MH MeCH CJie)J.HHTe XJIH6oae, npe,n.cTaBeHh B puc • .N2 89 .H 90.
XnH6'bT B pHc . .N'2 89 ce Ka3Ba 602oouija. ToH XJJH6 ·e HamapeH
arrope C e,n.Ha TeCTeBa np'bqKa B'bB BHJJ. Ha l{p'br H Ha3'b0lleHa C orpH6-
xaTa, a B cpe,n.aTa nHTKa, Ha .nHTKaTa Kp'bcTeu, HamapeH Ha cpeAaTa
C .DOTHCHHK a.
ToH XJIH6 ce K8)l.H H ce JIOMH OT )J.OM8KHHa H )J.OMaKHHK aTa, a
nocne ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa .
u XnH6'bT B puc_• .N'2 90 ce Ka3Ba Kpasau. XJIH6'bT e pa3nJiecKaHo
H•HU.e - eJIHDCOBHJJ.eH; oTrope c~ ry>KJJ.a Kp'bcTamKa, B'h3.Il.JI'brHecTa,
coc 3aKp1-rneHH Kpauw.a; Ha cpe~aTa BeHeu, aa.nee c orpH6KaTa. Onac-
Ba ·ce c JJ.pyra cnJiecKaHa TecTeBa np'bqKa, TolKe aa,n.eHa c orpH6KaTa.
ToH Kpaaaii HHKora ce JJ.aBaJI Ha Kone,n.apUHTe. Cera noHelKe
HHMa KoJie,llapuH, TO naK B TexeH cnoMeH ce npaBH, Ka,n.H ce H nocile ce
~ynu Ha Tpane3aTa JI.a ce HJJ.e.
B c. JleCHJJ.peH, TeTeBeHCKo, 6a6a Co6a Boiiqeaa, no M'h)K MHJiq_o -
Ba, H 6a6a Mapun I..I.aHKoBa, 16 aar. 1890 r., MH MecHxa c.ne,n.HHTe
.Xe1TH60Be, npe,n.-cTaBeHH B pHC . .N'2 89 H 91. . .
XnH6'bT a pnc . .N'2 89 ce onHca. Tou e C'hlUHHT Ha c. ·Jiecu,n.pee_.
X.rrH6'hT a p11c . .N'2 ~1 TyKa ce Ka3Ba moK. ToH XJIH6 e KBaCHHK,
a 0Trope HMa xapMaH ·6e3 BpaTHHKa; B'bTpe ca KYDHH, a OTB'bH TPHTe
nceT.a co6oTHHUH. KaJJ.H ce H ce JJ.aBa ea opaqa.
ToH XJIH6 ce -MeCH H a c. 516JiaHHUa,
B .c . JionHH, TeTeaeecK o, 6a6a ByTa HHKOJIHUa H 6a6a l--lBaHa
B'bJillOBHua·, 17 aar. 1890 r., MH MeCMXa CJie)J.HHTe XJIH6oae, npe,ll.CTaBe-
HH B pHC. N2 89, 92 H 93.
XJIH6'bT B pHC. ,Ng 89 e C'b[UHHT, KaKT0 ro on11cax.
-XJIH6'hT a pvc . ."N"i? 92 ce Ka3Ba c1>IUO moK. Toii e.C'hIUHHT, KaKT0
B pHC . .N~ 91, caMO qe .xapMaH'bT' T. e. ryMH0T0, e CKJioneuo 6e3 BpaT-
HHKa. H TYK B'bTpe ca KynHH, a oTB'bHKa TPHTe nceTa c'b6oTHHU!I_.
Ka,zJ.H ce· H ce JJ.aBa Ha opaqa.
. X;rn:6'bT a puc. N2 93 ce K83Ba Kp?:Jcmaut. Toii e no-,zJ.e6eJI Tec-
cTeB Kp'bCT, BaJitJeCT, HamapeH C mapHJIO (pe3KH )J.'bJir~ H npeKH) HJI.H C
ocTpywKa Ta, Ha cpeJJ.aTa TontJe, o6rp?JJ.eHo c np'bcTeH.
KpocTalli'h T c K2JJ.H a cnaaa Ha 6ora. ToH XJIH6 pH,nKo ce Mecu
Ha BoAHJI aeqep, a MeCH ce noseqeTo B ,npyru cnyqau, Ha cny1K6a H
Ha o6poK. ·
B C"bll.J.HTe )I.Becena - JleCH)J.peH u a JlonHH, Ha 6'b.l{HH Beqep ca
MeCHJIH T0-?l{e xnH6a, npeJJ.CTaBeH ~ puc. J\lg 99, eapeqeH Kpasau. Jla-
. aa.11 ce Ha KoJieJJ.apuH, a JJ.HecKa ce MeCH B'hB apeMe Ha oop·oK, cny.m6a,
a MeCJ{ ce u Ha CBaT6a c HHK0H yKpameHHH.
. ToH XJIH6 e roJJHMa JJ.e6ena TecTeBa npoqKa, YBHTa Ha Kpaaaii,
110 B HHUeBH)J.H a, T. e. eJIHDCOBH) J.H8 <J>opMa. KpaHW.aTa ca Kp'bCTOC3H H
ii 3aKpHBeHH Ha KpHBHUH- Ha qeTHPH MeCTa: rope H ,II.oJiy, JIHBo H ,II.SIC-
410 /l.HMHT1>P MAPHHOB

HO, HMa tJ:eTHpH UBHTa. rope HMa TeCTeB JI'bK, H83'b6tJeH C orpU6KaTa~
Ha 'IeTHpH MeCTa Me}K,ny UBeToBeTe l1Ma sa6yt1eHH BeHKH OT 6oc11JieK ..
OKH\leHH C BeHUH OT nyKaHKl1.
B c . JI HTaKoBo, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a BoJIKaHa ITeiioBHUa H 6a6a
To,nopa n. XpHcToBa Ha 20 aar. 1890 r . Mecuxa cJie,nHnTe xJrn6oee,.
npe,ncTaBeHH B pHC. N2 94, 95, 96 H 97.
. XJIH6'hT B pHc. N2 94 ce Ka3Ba 'lepKoBHUK. To11 e 06HKH0Be1t
XJIH6, OT KOHTO ce aa.zu-1 C orpH6K2Ta e,nHa cetJKa; 0Trope OT ,Z{BeTe
CTpaHH ca ,nae Ha,nJI'b}K_H tJeTHpn HanpeKO T'bHKH TeCTeBH npo1IKH, K0HT0-
npe,ncTaBJIHBaT HpeM'bT C 11<erJI11Te; rope Ha,n HpeMa HMa UB51T. Tm1
XJI516 ce Ka,nH Ha 60,nHH ae11ep H ce pa3qynea Ha Tpane3aTa. Tm1 C'h-
1.I.VrnT XJIH6 111.e ce cpe111.tte H npH cJiy}K6a n o6poI<. .
XJI516'hT B pwc. N2 95 ce Ka3Ba Kp{JIJau. ITpaBH ce OT .ne6ena
TeCTeBa npollKa, M8JIKO cnJieCKaHa, C Kp'hCTOCaHH Kpamu.a II H3KpH-
BeHH 11a KpHBHUH. <l>opMa H:uueaH,nHa. Ha 11en1pH MecTa: rope H .n.o.J"[y,
JIHBO H ,Z{HCHO, HMa 11eTHpH TeCTeBH UB51Ta. HHKora TOH KpaBai-i ce ,1I.3BaJr
Ha KoJie,napUHTe; cera ce Ka,nH H ce pa311ynaa Ha Tpane3aTa. B HHI<:oH
ceJia B OpxaHHHCKO, KaKTO H B HHKOH K'hI..I.J.H B C'bI..I.J.O'TO ceJio JhnaKOBo ..
TOH XJIH6 MeCHT 38 reprhOB,neH.
X.nm5oT B pHc. N2 96 ce Ka3Ba ee'lepHuK. T 011 e x .rrn6, KOHTO•
0Trope HMa ryMH0, B'bTpe KYITHH H Kp'bCTH.11UH, a B'bHKa TPHTe nceTa-
C'b60THHUH.
ToH XJIH6 He e ,npyro, HO zyMHO FJIH xapMaH . Ka.n.n ce n ce ,naea
Ha opaqa.
XJIH6'hT B pHc. N2 97 ce Ka3Ba pa.llo. To:u e nocBeTeH H3KmoqH-
TeJIHo Ha paJI0T0. O6HKHOBeH KBaCHHK, OT rope MY ce ry}K,naT TpH rnap-
KH; ITbpBaTa npe,ncTaBJIHBa paJI0T0, BTopaTa opall'bT' a TpeTaTa K0n-
paJIHTa.
T oH XJIH6 ce Ka,n11 H ce .,naaa Ha opa11a.
B c. )l(eJIHBa, Coq:n-1.l1cKo, MH MecHxa CJie,nH11Te xJrn6oae, npe,ncTa-
BeHH B pHC. N2 98, 99 H 100.
XJIH6'hT B puc. N~ 98 ce Ka3Ba noza'la. ToH XJIH6 e npHCHa myp-
ma (nHTa), B K051T0 HMa KoJia11e. B TaH TYPTa ome B TecToTo ce ry>1<,na.
cpe6peHa napa. TaH TypTa ce pa3nJieCKBa Ha,n Ha11-.n.06p1rn Kornep·
(nqeJIH), pa36Hpa ce, aK0 HMa K0IIJepH B K'hI.I.J.aTa, H II0CJJe ce OITHll:a..
KaTO ce oneqe, H3H8CHT H B'bHKa npe,n BpaTaTa, pa3qynBaT .H II BHKaT
o6JiaKa ,na ,noA.ne ,na aeqepn; ToBa ce npaBH npe3 JI.HT010 ,na He 611.e rpa.n~
a .n.a aa.1n1 .ZI.'hJK,n. ITocJie BetiepHTa TaH TypTa ce pa3qynBa Ha MHoro 3a-
JinUH H BCeKH 33JI'bK HapHlJaT: n'hpB11H Ha K'hl.I.f.aTa,BTOplHI Ha CTonaHH-·
Ha, TpeTIUI Ha
CTonaHKaTa 11 Ha BCHKOfO OT K'hllJ.aTa, KaTO ce He 3a-
6paBHT ome H BoJioBeTe nnperaTHH, H nocJie ce r Jie,na y KOH 3aJibK
ru.e ce na)l.He napaTa, y TOH 3aJI'bK e K'hCMeT'bT npe3 ro,n1-rnaTa.
. XJIH6'hT B pnc. N2 99 ce BH}K)l.a no-rope. Tori ce Mec11 M ce ,na-
Ba ~a KoJie,napUHTe; KY .na-6aIIJ1H1Ta 6Jiarocnaasi Ha Hero.
XJI.H6n T B p11c . .N2 100 ce Ka3Ba numa. Toea e rrpeceH xJrn6-·n1-1 -
Ta, Ha K0HTo oTrope HMa cpeopetta napa, >KHTeH KJiac, Tpecquua oT
PE J1H I'l1 03H H OE Hl/ AH 411
OB'lapCKOTO nep.ne ( osqap.;..
paJIOTO, TpeC'IHUa OT K'bI.UaTa H KJie'IHUa OT
o B Coq>HHCKO) - BCH-
CKaTa ITO)lBH>KHa K'bl.UHUa, KaKBHTO HMa caM
Ha; rue HMa ome H e,n.Ho
qKH THH -rpeC'IHUH H KJie'IHUH o6BHTH B'bB B'bJI
H se.ntto c Jlpy rine XJIH 6ose
B'bJIMO nose cMa (K'bJI'IHI.Ua) . TaH nHT a ce Ka.D.
H ce qyn n )la ce H,ne.
Pa3r.teTa-
B c. Kop KHH a, KiocTeHJlHJICKo, Kpir nme To. HapeqeHo a, Man Ka
.n.oJI, roJie Ma <f>yq
HHna. B Tyii Kpam.1:1.e BJIH3aT ceJiaTa: Eo6 oa
orne BcK a Max aJia , Ea-
(f>yqa, ropH a Ko3H HUa , ,lloJ IHa Ko3H HUa , ra6p
MaJ io ceJio, ,lloJIHCToeo,
6HHo, MJia Mon oso, Kop KHH a, Hoa oceJ iHHe ,
Bo, EaJi aHo eo, Man KH.
IllaT poao , ITaH Hqep eBo, roJIH Mo ceJio, ITaJiaTo
, .llo6 peeo , KaM eHH K.
B1>p60BHHK, roJie M Bop 6oB HHK , ByK oBo
0B0. Ba6 a DeT pyH K~
fpaM are, EJia>Kyeeo, B»c oKa MorH Jia H Co11
lHHTe XJIH6oBe, npe)lCTa-
Mna,n.eHOBa Ha 27 ¢es p. 1904 r. MH M€CH . CJie)
BeHH B pHC. N2 101 102.
H
XJJH6oT B p11c. N210 1 ce KaB a 6o~u ttHu K. Toii e MHo ro roJIHM
CTOilaHCTBO .
KBaCHHK XJTS l6, Ha KOHTO e npe)lCTaBeHo UHJIOTO ceJICKO
xapMaH'hT C KYITHHTe,
HaqepTaHHeTo (a) npe)lCTaBJIHBa JlBOp'bT HJIH
; npe.n BpaTHHUaTa Ha
Kp'bCTUHTe, CTO>Kepa H KOHeTe, KOHTO B'bpIIIaT
HeTO (6) npe,n.cTaBJIHBa
.n.eopa e ITOJierHaJI 6y.neH CTOil8HHH'bT . HaqepTaH
OBUHTe, a B .npy raTa ro-
o6opoT C )lBe nperpa.n,H, OT KOHTO B e)lHaTa ca
Haq epra Hne To (e) ca
Be}J.aTa H K,Paii o6op a 6.nH ,BHpHoTo Kyqe (.n).-
Te H xaM6apHTe.
KOJJ.aTa c· opaq a; Ha1.1epTaHHeTO (r) ca KoHe
OTpe.neHOTo: Ha
To.H XJJH6 ce Ka)lH II IlOCJie BCeKHMY ce )laBa
opaq a - ry1'tHOTO, Ha
opaq a - Kona Ta, Ha oeqa pH - o6op a, Ha
qyne a Ha Tpan e3aT a 11
KOHHp.8-KOHeTe H np.; CaMHHT XJIH6 ce pa3
ce HJle.
ce npaB H OT no-
XJu160T B pHc . .N2 102 ce Ka3e a 6'"6'l8a: Toii
ry)K )laT T'bHKH npo1.1KH-
.n.e6eJJa T€CTeBa KpaT Ka npo qKa ; Ha KOHTO ce
a ce H ce .n.aea Ha Ko-
o6po 'IH H BpaHTa. ToH XJIH6 ce KaJlH, pa3 qyna
To.
natu ne, a e)lHH 38JI'hK ce 3aHaCH Ha Jio3e
Ba MH Mec1-1 Ha ·2
B c. Ban aHo Bo, .llyn HHll lKO, 6a6a 3aH a HHKOJio
H B pHC . .N2 103 H 104.
MapT 1904 r. CJie)lHHTe XJIH6oBe, npe)lCTaBeH
XJIH6, KaKTo ce
XnH 6oT B pnc . .N2 103 ce Ka3Ba Hwa Ka. ToH
Ba UHJIOTO CeJICKO CTO-
BH>K,na OT UHJIOTO MY HaqepTaHHe, npe.ncraBJIH
CTon aHCT BO, [KOH TO]. B .npy rHTe
naHC TBo. Te3H OT)leJJH OT ueJIO KYIJ HOTO
6oee, TYK BCHqKH ca npe.n-
CeJJa cpew.HaxMe npe,ncTaBeHH B OT)leJIHH XJIH
npe)lCTaBJIHBa o6op'bT -
CTaBeHH B e)lHH XJIH6. TaK a HaqepTaHHeTO (a)
opeHa BpaTHHII.a. B TOH.
fOJIHMa TecTeea npo qKa B'bB BH)l Ha Kp'b r C OTB
(6), erpe K'bT c OBII.HTe (e),
o6op HJIH ){Bop ca npe,ncTaBeHH: BpaTHHK'bT
paBeHo KOHycqe, 6'bqBaTa
OB'18PHT (r), KOHTO TYK e npe.ncTaBeH C H3rr
opaq'bT .(H), Kp'bCTUlt 'te
(Jl), BOJJOBeTe (e), OCTeH'bT ()I{), paJIOTO (M),
.aTa KY~e TO (JI) Ji JlO Hero
(H), KYDHHTe (3), CBHHflTa (o), Ha BpaTHHII
CTonaHHH'bT (K) .
KH ce OTKpoliBaT c:.
To.ff XJISI6 ce KaJIH H rrocJie oTneJIHHTe map
a,nJi e>KH OCT: OBU HTe Ha OBll a-
HO)K OT XJISI 6a H ce .l{aB aT BCeK HMY ITO npHH
n03eTO; KYilHHTe K
pJI, pa11°;0 Ha opaqa, 6'bq BaTa Ha KOIIallHTe H Ha
41.2 Ji H M H T 'b P M A P H H30 ' B

-Kp'hCT.UHTe Ha BCHIIKH B K'hmH H ce XB'hpra H B 1KHTHHUaTa, a .llP}H-'JUIT

ll.HJJ XJ1.H6, KOHTO e IlO-fOJJHM, ce paaqynaa H BCeKH me 3eMe OT Bero
K0:MaT11e. Or Hero aceKH me aeMe aaJJ'hK H me ro cKpHe no.n B'h8rnas-
11»uaTa CH, KoraTo J1erHe, 33 .Aa BM.AH K3KBO me BHJlH Ha C'bHH CH, T. e.
l{'hCMeTa CH.
XJHI6'bT B pHC . .NQ 104 e npHCHa nHTa, KOHTO e HamapeHa c
.HanpycuHTe H.,TJH c orpH6KaTa. IIIapKaTa e Kp'bCTalll, a a 'hfJIHTe KJIOH-
lleT.a. :B TaH nHTa ry.>1<.AaT cpe6petta nap.a, TH ce Ka.AH H pa31Iynea,
J<aTo ce r Jie.l(a Ha Koro ll.J,e ce na.l(He napaTa.
B c . ·O11yrna; CaMOKOBCKo. Ty11 ·c eJio ce C'hCTaBJIHBa OT pa3np1>c-
11aTH MaxaJIH: Khoceaa, MapTHHCKa, IIIexToBCKa, KyJieBa, lliaTbp-
CKa, KaMeHqeHCKa, KaM6epcKa, Ke-C116HpCKa. B MaxaiiaTa KyJieaa
npH qe_p KBaTa 6yJIKa MnJJoHKa AHJ.I.OHOBa, po.AOM OT Cpe.nHa BacH-
JIHUa, OT fJJe)l)KOBa MaxaJia Ha 26 HH. 1904r. MH MeCH CJJe,AHHTe XJIH60Be,
npe.nc1aBeHH B p11c.N2105 11106.
XJIH61>T a p11c. N2 105 e roJJHM KBaCHHK. ToH XJJH6 HOCH Ha3Ba-
HHe BettepHUK. H TYK TOH XJIH6 e nocBeTeH Ha UHJJ0TO ceJJCKO CT0naH-
CTBO H :Ha Hero ca npe.ncTaBeHH BCHqKHTe OT,AeJJH Ha TYH CTonaHCtBO.
·BH.>K,ZJ.a ce fOJIHM TeCTeB Kpor' KOHTO e llIHpOK KOJIKOTO H caMIUlT X~H6,
1JHHTO Kpamu.a ce He JlOilHpaT; TOH npe,ZI.CTaBJIHBa JlBOpoT' a OTBepCTHe-
TO - BpaTHHUaTa. BoTpe B ,ZJ.Bopa ca rrpe,ZI.CTaBeHH: paJIOTO C HpeMa -_
11pe1v11>T e K'bM BpaTHHU,aTa, a 'paJIOTO - MaJJKaTa ,A'hra npe3 .llOJJHHH
KpaH :Ha npouena. 0TJI.HBO e erpeK'bT C OBUHTe H KyneH, a OT)J.HCHO -
opaq'hT' KyneH H Kp'hCTeu .
ToH XJJH6 ce Ka.nu H IIOCJie OT,ZJ.eJJHHTe qaCTH ce OTKpofrnaT c H0.>I{
H ce .naaaT no npHHaJ1JJe.>1<HOCT. CaMHHT XJJ.H6 ce JIOMH it: ce pa311ynaa
11.a Tpane3aTa.
XJJ.H61>T n puc. N2 106 ce Ka3Ba Ko.A.ax.
ToH XJIH6 ce npaBH ITO TOH H31IHH. TecTeB XJJH6 B eJJHIICOBH)lHa
<popMa ce orracaa OT .ne6eJia TecTeaa np'hHKa, q11HTO KpaHma ce Kp1>c-
:eTocaaT. TaH np'h11Ka e MaJIKO CIIJlCCKaHa. B'bpxy Ta.ff np'h11Ka ce npaBHT
mapKH c ocTpyllIKaTa. Ha cpe.n.aTa HMa Hifueo6pa3Ha rnapKa, H3BMeHa
c ttanp_ycu1ne.
H3rJJe.>K)J.a, qe TOH KpaBaH H.HKora e npHfOTBHH 3a Ko.11e.napUHTe.
JI.Hee ce Ka.u.11 H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa:
B c. Pa.no11JI, CaMOKOBCKo, EHHKa AnocToJioBa Mec11 Ha 2 qreap.
1904 r. CJie,ZJ.HHTe XJIH6oae, npe,ZI.CTaBeHH B puc. J\fa 107 H 108.
XJifl6'hT B pHc. N12 107 e no-roJIHM XJJH6 KBaCHHK. 11 TYK BH.>I{.l(a-
J\le npe,ACTaBellO UHJIOTO ceJICKO CTonaHCTBO B pa3JIHqHHTe MY qaCTH.
Ta Ka OT rope Ha TOH KBaCHHK Ha cpe,AaTa HMa MaJIKO TeCTeBo Kp'brqe,
KOeTo npe,ZI.CTaBJIHBa K'hmaTa, a B cpe,ZI.aTa Ha TYH Kp'brlle HMa H3npaae-
•Ha MaJJKa TeCTeBa np'h11HUa, KOHTO npe,ACT8BJIHBa OfHHmeTo H'JIH
,00:J!CaK?Jm (a). OT,ZJ.HCHO Ha 0)1..>KaKa ca K0JiaTa C B0JJOBeTe (6); OTJIHB0 e
erpeK'bT C OBUHTe (a); rope Ha.A THX ca: OTJJHBO - ryMHOTO C KynH11Te
(r);- a OTJlHCH0 - o6op'hT c roBeJl.aTa.
To~ XJJS16 TY K HOCH Ha3BaHHe eet1.epHuK. H ce KaAH, nocne npe-
p E JI H I' H O 3 H .H O E H C/ A H 41-3
Ka.llBaHeT0 C H0}l{ ce OTKpoir naT BCH'-IKHTe 1136poem-1 tJaCTJ[ II ce paa.na-
BaT no npirnanJ ie}l{HOC T: O,ll>l<aK'bT Ha CTonaH HHa 11 CTOITaH KaTa; Ko..1aTa
C BOJIOBeTe Ha BOJIOBe Te B KopMHJ IKaTa; ryMHOT O C KYilHHT e Ha opa11a;.
erpeKbT c oauuTe Ha oa11ap.H, a 06op1>T c roBe,llaTa Ha roBe,llap H .
XJI.H6oT B pHc. N2 108 ce Ka3Ba KOAaK. To:fl e no-roJIH.M XJIH6-
KBaCHHK, KOHTO Ha cpe,llaT a e npa3eH , H3Ba,lleHo e T€CTOT0 C orpH6K a-
ra. OKOJIO ryi1 npa3H0 M.HCTO HMa TeCTeB JI'bK C'bC 38B'bpTeHI-I Kpa1-u1.1,a;
rope npe.n 0TBopa Ha JI~Ka HMa mapKa OT npeKH H ,ll'hJirH pe3KH, KOHTO:
ce upaBHT C mapHJI0 HlIH C orp116K aTa. OT JI'hKa .llO K'}:>am11,aTa Ha XJI.H6a.
OT
HM8 qeTHPH HBHUH, Ba,lleHH C Hanpyc u.H HJIH C ,D.Be BHJIHUH , KaKTO
)lBeTe CTpaHH Ha rnapKaT a C pe3KHT e, TaKa H Me>l<)lY lfBHUHTe HMa rnap-
KH - Hanpaae HH C KOKaJI' leTO OT reprbOB CKOTO arHe (1wKaJI1 IeTo · e ·
nHlll.HJIKaTa Ha arHeTo) . ToH XJifl0 HHKora ce ,llaBa.TJ Ha Ko.1e,llapu1-!.':re,.
a ,nHec ce · MeCR .lla ce Ka.llH H H,lle •
. B c. fopHH OKOJI, CaMOKOBCKO, Mec1-1xa CJie,llHHTe XJHI6oae ..
XJIH6bT, [npe,llcT aBeH] B pHc. N2 109, .ce Ka3Ba BettepHUK. To.H
XJU[6, no-r0JI.HM KBaCHHK, npe,II.CTaBJIHBa .ll0MallI H0T0 CTOIT8HCTBO .c
·
6Jiarono.>KeJiaHHSI. .IlBOp'bT e llIHpOK c OTBopeHa BpaTHHUa, ,npe,ll KORTO
ca Tpl-lTe aepHM nceTa C'b60THHUIL BoTpe rope ca ,llBeTe IlT"UH - ,,r'h-
JI'b6eTa", KOHT0 H0CflT 6Jiara BeCT 38 p0)K,lleHHeT0 Ha- MJia,lla 6ora, KOH.TO
HOCH B Kblll.aTa BClflIKH 3eMHH 6Jiara. Tipe3 cpe,llaT a ce BI.f)K,D.3 0B1Iap-
CK3Ta TOHra, 0T,llHCH 0-0B1Ia pcKaTa Kornapa , a OTJI.HBO - OBUHTe.
To.ff x ..1.H6 ce Ka.llH H pa31Iyn aa Ha Tpane3 aTa.
XJIH6'bT, [npe.ncTaBeH] B pHC . .N2 110, ce Ka3Ba KOAaK. Ton npH-
JIHqa Ha XJI.H6a a puc. N2 106, cal\,10 tie TYK rnapK1-1Te ca HHaKBH. 51iiue-
BHJI.HHHT KBaCHHK e Harnape H C'bC 3Ee3,ll3 H B'bTpe B 3Be3,llaTa JI'bl!H -
BCHqKH Ba,neHH C Hanpyc uH (npe.n MeHe ni Ba,llHXa C )IBe BHJIHUH).
Tecreaa npbqKa , K0HT0 o6rponr .a KBaCHHKa, e rnapeHa 3Hr3ar c
ocrpyrnKaTa. H TOH Kpaaaii , KaKT0 noco•rn a caMaTa MY ¢opMa, e MeceH.
HHKora 3a KOJie.l(apuHTe. 11.HeCKa ce PH..U.KO MeCH Ha Bo.llHH Beqep,
ace Mecu Ha PaHreJioB,lleH, rrocotieH TaM no.ll N2 427.
~ - BeJIHUHTe, 11XTHMaHCKO. ToBa ceJIO ce C'bCT0H OT 17 M8JIKH R.
roneMH MaxaJrn: fpa.ne>K, CyeBu,H, BapaTa , fopy6ue BUH, IIIoneTo ,.
DapnaH.l(OBUH, lJepKBa Ta, III11poK H poT, BoHtJH.'lOBII.H, KaHa3HpHTe-
(~eKoBUH), CTapa Komapa , lllyrJieB u,H, .IlJiora HHBa,. fpo3.llO BUH,
11tfMeHHUJ.e (ITayHoBu,H), ropocTa Hem H .Il>l<YPJIHeBUH. B MaxaJia Ta
l.JepKBaTa 6a6a AHreJIH Ha MapHHO Ba Ha 18 .HH. 1904 r. MeCH CJie)l.HHTe·
XJIH6oae, npe.ncTaBeHH a p HC. N2 111 H 1 I 2.
X;u160T a p11c. N!? 111 ce K3Ba KoAaK. Toii e KBaCHHK, Hama-
peu OTrope c .naa Kp'hra, Ba,lleHH c Hanpyc uu, a B cpe.naTa HMa r'bJI'b6,.
B 3HaK Ha Jlo6pa BeCT " pa.nocT.
XJIH6bT a pHc . N2112 ce Ka3Ba Kpaeatl , HanpaB eH oT ,lle6eJia
1
cecTe~a npo"'IKa; H3DJieTeHa KaTo KYKJia (p1-1c. N2 5), a oTrope yKpa-
ea C lleTHpH UBHTa. .
THH XJIH6oee ca MeceHH HHKora ·11 .llBaTa. KoJiaK'b T e Ka,lleH M qy-
11
ea Ha MacaTa, a BT0pH.HT e .naeaH H~ K0Jie)la pH. Ho TOBa e 6HJIO MH0-
414 )JHMH T1>P MAPHH OB

I'O OT)J.aBHa . .UHeCKa He ce MeC.HT aeqe HJIH MHOfO Hap.HJJ.KO. Kpaeasn

..N~d 12 ce MecH Ha BeJIHKJJ.eH, Ho aeqe MaJIKO H3MeHeH (B}K. pHc. N2 235).
B c . BpecToB HUa r,.-Iec11xa XJI.H6a, rrpe.n.cTaae~ B pHc. N2 113. ToH
XJrn6 TYK HOCH Hl\-teTo 602oea numa. To e rrp.HcHa rrHT~, Hawapet ta c Ha-
npycu.11. B He.H ry*.n.aT cpe6peH a rrapa H c.ri"e.n. KaTo ce rrpeKaJJ.H Ha Tpa-
ne3aTa, pa3qyns a ce Ha MHoro 3aJI'hUH, KaTo ttapHqaT aceKH 3aJioK Ha
BCHl!KH B K'hIUH H nocJie ce r Jie.n.a n q1111 JaJJ'hK ce na.nHaJia napaTa.
B c. CeMHCtte, XacKoBCKO (.nttec npeKpoc TeHo KJIOKOTHHUa), Ha
10 IOJIH 1899 r. 6a6a ITeHa Haattosa , no M'b.>K Cnaaoaa , MH MeCIA cne.n.HH-
Te xJrn6oae , npe.n.cTaBeHH a pHc . N2 114 H 1 l 5.
· XJI.H61>T a p11c. N2l 14 e KBaCHHK. ToH ce rnapH c npoccpopHHK
Ha qeTJ1pH cTpaHH ·Ha KpocT, a a cpe.naTa UB.HT. ToH ce Hl\IeHyaa
KOAaK.
ToH XJI.H6 ce Ka.LI.H H ce 11yn11 Ha TpaneaaT a.
XJI.H61>T a pHc. N2·115 ce HMettysa xap.MaH. ToH npe.ncTaBJIHBa
ABOp'bT, npen'bJIHeH c KYTIHH 11 KpoCTUH . ToH XJJ.H6 e nocBeTeH Ha HHBa-
Ta, Ka.LI.Ji ce H ce .n.aea Ha opaqa H anperaTH 'HTe BoJioBe.
H.HKora KOJie.napuH ca xo.nHJIH H TOraBa ca MeCHJIH C'bll.U,Ul XJJH6,
[K8KTO] B pHC. N2 233, yKpaceH C UBeT.H H BeHeu . .llHeCKa TOH XJI.H6 ce
.MeCH aa BeJIHK,neH.
B c. ITawaKhO H, K1>a1>JiarallKO, 6a6a 1'-\ap1u1 CTOHHOBa Ha 2
asr. 1899 r. MH MeCH cJieJI.HHTe TPH XJIH6a, npe,ncTaBeHH B pHc . N2 l 16,
117 u 118. ·
XJIH6'hT B pw~. N2.l l6 ce 1rn3sa 6ozoeul{a . ToH e XJIH6-KBaCHHK,
a oTrope Hawapea c JI'bKtJeTa H ruapKH OT npoccpop HHK; Ha cpe.n.aTa 11Ma
T€CTeB UB.HT.
ToH XJrn:6 ce K3Jl.H, JIOMH ce OT CTOIT8HHH8 ll CTonaHK aTa B K'blllH
H ce pa3ttyns a Ha Tpane3aT a.
XJI.H61>T a pHc. N2 117 ce HMeHysa paAo. ToH e nocsereH Ha
paJIOTO. ToH e XJ1.H6-KB3CHHK, a OTrope MY TeCTeBa np'btIKa, H3BHTa B
noJJyKp'b r 1 KOHTo npe.n.cTaa.rrnsa orpa.n.aTa Ha HHBaTa; Ta.H orpa.na e Ha-
3b6tJeHa oTrope c orpH6KaT a. B cpe.naTa HMa e.n.tta TecTeaa npaaa •H
e.n.tta np.HKa npotIKa, KOHTO npe.n.cTaBJJHBaT paJJoTo. Ka.nH ce H ce .n.aea
Ha opatia.
· XJrn61>T B pwc. N2 118 ce Ka3sa Meoe1tuK. 'To.H XJI.H6 e no-roJIHM,
Ha6pa3JI.eH C Hanpycu. i,ne HJI.H. C JI.Be BIUIHl.l.H H Ha60.n.e1-1 f'bCTO C'bC CTa-
q)HJl.li (cyxo rpo3.n.e qeptto) Me*.LI.Y 6pa3,n1n e. Ha cpe.nara ce 3a6yirna
cpe6peHa Ta napa, Hape11eHa KpoCT-JI.yKaTo.C TO.H ·XJJR6 CTaHeHHK'bT Ha
KOJl€Jl.8PU.HTe 6JiarocJiaB.H H Ha .npyrH.H .n.eH ro C'b6H.paT KOJie.napUHTe.
{KoJ1e.n.a pu.111e OCTaBHT KpaBaHTe BbB BCHKa J{'bIUa, 3aIUOTO He :MoraT ):la
rH. HOC.HT, a Ha .n.pynrn .n.eH ru Cb6HpaT .)
B c. Kapa6yH ap, BypracK o, 6a6a .II.e1-1a vlBaHoBa )Ka6oaa Ha
23 IOJIH 1898 r. MH MeCH CJieJI.HJiTe XJI.H6oae, npe.n.cTaBeHH a pHC.N21 19
H 120.
XJIH6'bT B p1-1c. N'l 119 ce Ka3Ba 6ozoBUl{a . ToH e no-roJJ.HM xJIH6-
KBaCHHK, HawapeH OTrope C'bC CJieJI.HHTe wapKH: Ha cpe.n.aTa HMa UBHT,
 P~JlHI'H03HJf 05Jf I/AH 415
Tec-
o6rpa.n.eH . c BeHeu . Tos:i: BeHeu e 3arpa.n.eH c 1.1eTHPH no-.n.e6eJilllKH
Tel3n np'hllK H' TIOJIO}KeHH BbB BH.ZI. Ha lleTBep ObfbJIH HK; Ha qeTHpH MeCTa,
HMa wapKH
..n.eTo ce KpbCTO CBaT Kpam1. 1.aTa Ha TOH tieTBep ObfbJIH HK,
OT npoc¢o pHHK. .
Tast 6oroBH ua· ce Ka.ZI.H, JTOMH ce OT .ZI.OMaKHHa H .ZI.OMaKHHKaTa B
aTa,
KblUa~ a H ce pa3qy nsa Ha Tpane3 aTa. E.ZI.HH pe3eH ).{HraT Ha nom.ui.
.3a .n.a CTaHaT HHBHTe fHiCOKH.
XJrn6b T B pHC. J\2 120 ce HMeHyBa Kpasau . Toil° e XJrn6-KBaCHHK,
c
Ha cpe.n.aTa npa3eH , H3Ba.n.eHo TecTo c orpH6K aTa. Orrop e ce mapH
MeCTa: JI.HBO H
TeCTeB a npotIK a JibK CbC 3aKpHB eHH Kpamu a H Ha qenfpH
..ZI.HCHO, rope 1-1 .Zl.OJIY c TeCTeBH BeHUH, JlbKbT e Harnap eH c orpH6K aTa
- "3lff3a r.
B l1eTHp1ne UBHTa HMa 3a6ytie HH tieTHpH CTpoKa ' 60CHJieK, yK-
ap
paceHH c · Betteu OT nyKaH KH. Ha TOH KpaBaH Ky.n.a-6al.LIJUIT3 Ha KOJie.n.
4

-
ll,HTe 6naroc JiaBH H ITOCJie ce .u.aaa Ha KOJie.u.apUHTe, KOHTO ro rrpH6H
paT Ha .u.pyrH H .nett.
B c. ITo.n.aec, Kaptto 6aTCK o, 6a6a KaJIHHa KeaeB a Ha 15 IOJIH
1898 r. MH MeCH CJie)I.HHTe XJI.H6oBe, npe,ncTaBeHH B pHC . .N'2 121, 122
.H 123. .
Xns:i:61>T B pHc . .N2 121 ce HMetty Ba 6ozoouu,a. Toii e rro-roJI HM
op-
KBaCHH.K. lliapH ce no cJie.ZI.HHH HatIHH: Ha cpe)I_aTa wapKa c npoc¢
.HHK; OKOJIO TaH mapKa H)l.e BeHeu; Ha tieTHPH CTpaHJI .ZI.O
BeHeua I{)laT
Ha-
qentpH UBHTa; OKOJIO TOBa u.n.e e)l.HH ITO-lllHpOK TeCTeB Kpor, KOHTO e
rnapeH c tieT:HpH wapKH c npoccp opHHK . ToH XJrn6 ce Ka)I.M 11 ce JIOMH;
BCeKH qynH OT Hero H rJie.n.aT ITOCJie KOH KaKbB KbC e MO}KaJI .na OTtIY-
fO.ZI.HH aTa.
rrH: KOHTO e OTt.fYil HJI HaH-rO JIHM KbC, B Hero e KbCMe TbT npe3
TiocJie ce cJiaraT THH Kbcoae Ha Tpanes aTa H ce H.ZJ.aT.
XJI.st6bT B pHc . .N'2 122 TYK ce Kasaa 6AG20CAOBHUK. Toft e Kpa-
KO-
aaii, KOHTO ce ,naBa Ha KOJie.n.apU.HTe H Ha KOHTO Ky.u.a- 6awmn a Ha
.Jie.n.apUHTe H3pMti a CBOHTe 6A~aH KU (6JJafOCJIOBl•m ). To.H XJI.H6 MeCH
, .u.a
MoMaTa, a H TH ro wapH H neqe ro c Haii-roJ IHMO cTapatt11e H rpH}Ka
Ha
HHMa HHK3K B0 H HaH-M3JIKO nperap .HHe, 3all.J.OTO TOH XJI.H6 ce .ZI.aBa
a-
l<OJie.napu.wTe, HO me ro Se.Me HeHHM.HT JIJ060BHHK, KOHTO e TO)Ke KO.ne,l{
.
pe1l. B wapK1-1Te e.nHa MOMa H3K33Ba CBOHTe tIYBCTBa, CBOHTa JIJ06oB
B TOH 6JiarOCJIOBHHK, KaKTO ce BH.>K.ZI.a 5ICHO . a npe.l{C TaBeHa Ta pH-
H Ha 11en1p tt
cyHKa , IIIapKH Te ca: Ha cpe,naT a UBHT, OKOJIO UBeTa BeHeu
MeCTa .no TOH · BeHeu HM a TO.>Ke qen1pH UBHTa . A OKOJIO
BCHtIK H THH

mapKH H.lle roJIHM TeCTeB KPbf. B TOH XJIH6 JII060BHHKbT l.IJ.e tieTe qya-
CTB,aTa Ha CBOHTa JII060BHHUa. AKO MOMaTa e Oll.J.e HeyMeTHa (1\-1.'Ia.ZJ.a owe)
M3HKa H
B npaBeH OTO Ha wapKH Te H THXHOT O 3HalleH He, TO THX npaBH '
' n1 TbJl Ky Ba.
KaTO H
XJIH6'h T B puc. N2 123 ce Ka3aa apMaH . Toii e KBaCHHK, oTrope
MY ce ry.>KJ{a CKJIOITeH TeCTeB Kp~r, M3JIKO cn_J ieCKaH " Ha3b6e H C orpw6 -
nH
Ka . To.st Kpor ~pe,ncTaBJIHBa .nsopo T. BoTpe ce BH)K.I(a pa:roT o, Ky
H
H KpocT eu. ToH ce Ka.ZI.H u ce .I(asa Ha (lpatia .
416 /1HMHT1,P MAPHHffB

B c. Bpecono, AiiTOCKo, 6a6a Pyca KaJiymesa, 6a6a To).lopa Bene-

Ba H 6a6a )l(eJISI PaHKOBa Ha 12 IOJIH 1898 r. MR MeCHXa CJie).\HHTe XJISl-
6oBe, npe).lCTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 124, 122 H_ 123.
XJIH6'hT B pHc. N2 124 ce Ka3Ba 602oeu4a. To1i · e no-roJIHM
KBaCHHK, KOHTo ce wapH coc cne,nHHTe wapKH. Hail-uanpe,n ce ryQa
TecTeB KpoCT; OTrope Ha TOH Kp'bCT B cpe)laTa ce ry:>1<)la MaJIKO Kp'hr-
, qe, a OIWJIO Hero BeHeu. BoB BCeKR 'bf'bJI Me:>1<.ny CTpoKRTe Ha Kp'bCTa-
ma ce ry)KJl.aT orJiecn-1 JJ'bKoBe; Ha 11erHp1ne Kpasi Ha KpocTama ce
ry:>1<)laT tieTHPH Kport1eTa.
Tosi XJIH6 ce Ka)lH H JIOMH ce C'blUO TaKa H c 'TOH oope)l, KaKTO
H B c. ITo)lBec.
XJIH6'bT 6AazOCA08HUK. HMa C'bIUaTa ¢opMa, KaKTO ce BH)K,lla B
PHC . .N2122; npaBH ce C'blUO Tai<a OT MOI\·13 HJIH 6yJiKa H ce )laBa Ha KOJie-
.napHTe.
·xJIS16'hT apMaH HMa C'hIUaTa <popMa, KaKBa10 npe)lCTaBJIHBa
XJJH6'bT B pHC. N2 123.
B c. Me.naeH, KoTJieHCKO, 6a6a BoiiKa ITeHtieBa 6acHapKaTa H
6a6a n:>Ke)la MHJIKOBa Ha 27 IOJIH 1898 r. MeCHXa CJif!)lHHTe )lBa XJIB6a.
npe)lcTaBeHH B pHc. N2 125 H 126. ·
XJIH6'hT B pHc .. .N2 125 ce Ka3Ba 6020Buija. Tor e no-roJJHM XJIH6;
MHOfO npHJIHtieH C XJIH6a B pHC. N2122, caMO qe BMeCTO BeHeu -okOJIO
UBeTa B cpe.naTa TYK e Kpor. 0TTaMO MO:>Ke .na ce 38KJIIOlJH, KaKTO H
CaMaTa 6a6a n:>Ke)I.a CilOMeHa, qe TOH XJI.H6 HHKOra, KOfaTO e HMa-
JIO KOJie.napuH, e 6HJJ Kpaaaii 6J1aroCJIOBHHK. ,llHeCKa e 6orOBHUa.
Ka]U{ ce, JIOMH ce H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa. TyK TecTeBHHT Kp'br
e Ha3'b6qeH c orpH6KaTa 3Hr3ar.
XJI.H6'bT B p1-tc. N2 126 ce K83Ba 602oeut4a - apMaH. Toii e no-
roJI.HM KB8CHHK C'bC CJie)lHHTe mapKI-1. . OTrope orpa,ll.aTa Ha )lBOpa;
apaTHHUaTa e 3aTBopeHa. B TaH orpa.u.2 HMa qeTHpH OT)leJieHHH;
B e)liioTo oT)leJieHHe osqapHT c'bc CBOHTa KyKa ( oa11apc~a rera, TOSl-
ra), B ·orpaJlaTa, _coce.nHa c Hero, ca OBUHTe, a B JlpyrHTe )lBe orpa-
JlH ca KynHHTe. ToH XJIH6 ce Ka.U.H H JlaBa ce Ha oaqapH.
, KoJie)lapuH HHKora ca XO)lHJIH, HO OT.ZlaBHa TOH o6Hqaii e H3-
qe3HaJI.
B C. nepeKbOH, Ko3'hJiar~qKo, 6a6a Mop<pa Ha 25 IOJIH 1899 r.
MH MeCH CJie)lHHTe XJIH6oBe, npe)lCTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 127 H 128.
XJIH6'bT· B puc. N2127 ce Ka3Ba 602oeut4a. Toii e no-roJHIM XJIS16-
KBaCHHK C'bC CJie)lHHTe mapKH. Ha cpe)laTa UBHT, OKOJIO TOH UBSIT
Kp'br, Ha3'b6qeH C orpH6KaTa; OKOJIO Kp'bra HMa .u.pyr Kp'hr, MaJIKO
cnJieCKaH H Ha3'b6t1eH 3Hf3ar C orpH6KaTa. ToH XJU16 ce Ka)lH, JlOMH
ce H ce pa311ynBa Ha Tpane3aTa. ·
XnH6'bT a pHc. • N2 128 ce Ka3BaKpaeau. 5IiiueBHP.eH .xJIH6, na
cpe,naTa npa3eH ;oKOJIO XJIH6a )le6eJI TeCTeB JI'bK C'bC 3aKpHBeHH Kpaa-
ma; Ha qeTHPH CTpaHH qeTHpH UBHTa, a Ha TPR MeCTa BeHKH OT 6o-
CHJieK, yKpaceHH C BeHUH OT nyKaHKH.
pEJIHI'H 03HH 05H 417
ToH xJIH6 HHKora ce .n.aaaJI Ha KoJie.n.ap1ufTe H Ha Hero Ky)la6a-
wirnTa 6JiarocJiaBHJI.
BC. nepeMaxJi e, C'bIUaTa OK0JIHH, ilpeceJieHH H3_O.llpHHC KO, 6a6a
necna Ha 26 JOJIH 1899 r. MH .MeCH CJie,llHHTe XJISl60Be, npe.ZI.CTaBe HH
B pHC. ·.N2129 J,J 130. ·
XJIH6'hT B pHc . .N2129 ce Ka3Ba 60200a numa. ToH XJiff6 e no-·
roJUIM l<BaCHHK C TaKHBa•mapKJC Ha cpe.n.aTa Kp'bCT HJIH Kp'bCTaw; Ha
qeTHpliTe xpaH Ha Kp'bCTama HMa 'leTHPH BeHeua; OKOJJO BeHUHTe R,lle·
no-urnpoK TecTeB Kp'hr, HamapeH 3Iff3ar c orpH6KaTa . ToH xJu16 ce·
KMH, JIOMH ce H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa .
· XnJ16'hT B pHc. N2130 ce Ka3Ba. Kp(llJau. Toii e KBaCHHK siiiue-
BHJleH, iia cpe,llaTa npa3eH - sa.n.eHo TecTo c orpn6Ka. OKoJio Hero ce·
OOJ;SHBa )le6e:71 TeCTeB Jl'bK C'bC 3aKpHBeHH Kpa1:1ma - KpHBHUH; Ha.
qenipH CTpaHH 11eTHPH UBHTa, a OKOJIO npa3HOTO MHCTO TPH CTp'bKa
6oCHJieK, yKpaceHH c BeHUH OT nyKaHKH. ToH XJIH6 MHOfO e npHJIH'leH.
Ha xJu16a e pHc . .NI~l28. · ·
naaa ce Ha KOJJe,II.apu1tTe. Ha Hero Kyka6aw1f.S1Ta H3pH'la CBOHTe
6Jia>KaHKH. .
·a '.c. llJHriKa, Ka3aHJI'bll IKo, 6a6a .Ilotta Y3yH-HHKO JioBa ·H 6a6a.
l(aHa ITeHKOBHU.a Ha 4 aBr. 1898 r. MeCHXa CJie)lHHTe XJIH6oBe, npe)I.-·
cTaBeHH B pHc. Ni?l31 H 132. ·
X.TJH6'bT B pnc . .N2131 ce 1<83Ba 6oz06Uija. Toii e fOJlffM KBac-
HHK C'bC CJie)lHHTe OTrope rnapKH. Ha cpe,naTa Kp'bCTalll, Harnape~ C oI'-
pH6KaTa; Ha cpe,naTa Ha KpicTama Kpor11e; oKono Kp'bcTarna aeHeu no--
roJIHM, a OKOJIO TOH BeHeU IlO·lllHpOK TeCTeB Kp'br. ToH XJISl6 Ce Ka.IlH,..
JI0MH ce H ce pa311ynaa Ha Tpane3aTa . ·
XJI»6'bT e pHc. N2132 ce Ka3Ba Kpasau . To.SI XJIH6 HMa HiiueBH.ZJ.Ha. ·
q>opMa. Ha Cpe)laTa e npa3eH - Ba)leHO TeCT0 C orpH6KaTa . OKOJIO·
TYH npa3HO MHCTO HM3 BeHeu; OKOJIO TOH eeHeu HiiiieBH)lHa TeCTeBa.
npbtJKa; 0K0JIO Taff eJIHnca il.ne ,npyra - IlOCJie)lHa eJIHUCa TeCTeBa •.
Ha lJeTHpH M·ecTa: rope H )l0JIY, JIHBO .H )lHCHO HMa mapKH, HanpaBeHH..
c npoc<t>opHHK. Boe eeHeua HMa TPH ee'i\KH 6ocHJieK.
ToH Kpaeaii ce .naean Ha Kone.napUHTe. .
B c. MorJinm, Ka3aHJI'billKO, MH MecHxa C'hIUHTe XJIH6oee •.
B c. Te1,p.nm1.a, Hoeo3arop cKo, 6a6a MapHH H 6a6a .Ilo6pa Hal.
aar. 1~~8 r. MH MeCHXa CJie)lHHTe XJ1S16oee, n·pe]lCTaBeHH B pu.c. N2133r-
134 i-1 - 135. . .
XJrn6oT B pH.c ; .NI1133 ce HMeHyea 6ozoeuija; TOH e no-roJIHM,
~B8CHH~ C'bC CJie)lHHTe mapKH. Ha cpe,naTa Kp'bCTam 6e3 HHKaKBH pes- ·
KR; Ha cpe.naTa Ha KpocTama ce npaBH mapKa c npoccpopHHKa; oKoJio.
npocq>opHHKa Kp'br c1,c 3Jlr3ar mapKH, HanpaeeHH C· ·orp1-t6KaTa •.
Ha qe-rapa CTpaHH B'bH oT Kpora HMa mapKH c npoccpopHHKa. ··
To~ XJIH6 _ce Ka.nu., JIOMH ce H ce pa3qynea Ha Tpane3aTa . .
.. Xnsr6'bT B J)HC. .N'2134, HapetieH Kpaeau, ce . npaB~ OT XJISIO
SIHI,leBHJleH, Ha cpe)l'aTa npa3eH, Ba)leHO TeCT0 C orpu6KaTa . OKOJIO TYH·,
npa3H0 MSICT0 HMa qeTHp_ H UBHTa': rope H.)lOJIY, BJIH~0 H B·)l»CHO. OK0-
27
418- Jl H M H T 1, P M A P J( H O B

JI0 x.riH6a H UBeToBeTe Jl)le o6pb'l TeCTeB, Ha3b6'leH no KpaH C orp H6-
Ka. OKOJIO npa3H0T0 MHCT0 IIMa TPII BeHKH 60CH.1l eK, yKpaceHif C BeHUH
OT n y KaHa uapeBHUa (nyKaHKH). HHKOra TOH KpaBaH ca .naBaJIH Ha KO-
ne.l{apu1ne. llHec TOH XJIH6 Mecsn MHoro pH.nKo- .neTo 1rMa MoMa H Mo-
M'hK H c.11e.n npeKa.l{BaHeTo .naBa ce Ha M0M'bKa HJIH M0MaTa.
. XJIH6oT B pnc. J\''<:d 35 (uapetieH) KOAaK HJIH no2al/.a, e nHTa;
oTrope HMa cJie.nHHTe wapKH. Ha cpe.naTa rnapKa c roJrnM npocq>opttuK;
0K0JI0 TaH map Ka Kp'br' a B'bH ~T Kpora Ha tieTHPH CTpaHll: rope H .no-
ny' JlHB0 H .l(HCH0 ·rnapKH C MaJI'bK npoccpopHHK.
B c. Knncypa (npH KonpnamHua), Tiup.,lloncKo, 6a6a· ToTa
51poMKaTa Ha 8 aBr. 1898 r . MeCH CJieAHHT~ ABa XJIH6a, npe.,llCTaBeHtt a
pHC . .N2136 H 137. · . .
XnH6oT B pnc . .N2136 e KBaCHHK, o-r-rope Harnapett: Ha cpeJlaTa
c npoccpopHHK; oKoJio TaH: rnapKa crrnecKaH Kpor, Ha3o6qeH c orpH6-
KaTa . Ha 'leTHpH MecTa: rope H .nony' .,']HBO H .l(HCHO HarnapeH C npoc-
<popHHK. ToH xnH6 ce Hapnt1a 60200a numa.
Toii ce. Ka.l(H, JI0MH ce H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tparre3aTa.
X Jrn6oT a p11c . .N2137 ce 11ap11qa KpaBau-Be'lepHuK. TipaBH ce
no TaK'bB HatfHH : Ae6ena TecTeBa np'bllKa, H3BHTa B'bB BH,ll Ha HHUC
(eJIHnca) C Kp'bCTOCaHH Kpamu.a H 3aKpHBCHH Ha KpHBHUH. TaH
npot1Ka e cnnecKaHa. fope HMa Jlora, cnnecKaHa H Ha306t1eHa c orpH6-
KaTa, a .nony Ha KpHBHUHTe H Ha Kp'bCT0CaHOT0 MHCTO TPH nss1Ta.
ToH Kpaaait HHKora ce )laBan Ha Kone,napuuTe, a cera ce Ka.D.H H
ce pa311ynaa Ha Tpane3aTa; Ba6a TOTa Ka3Ba, qe TOH Kpaaaii ce pH.l(Ko
aeqe MeCH .
. HaMeCTo Hero AHec ce MecH H ce Ka.lll-t Apyr BH.ll x;rn6, Hapeqea
numa, HamapeHa c neT wapKH c npoccpopHHK. <l>opMaTa H rnapKHTe
Ha TaH ITHTa ce BH.>KJlaT s puc . .N'!l38.
B TiaHanopHme 6a6a MapHHa llo6peaa, no 6aw.a TTepcpaHoaa,
6a6a lla.na reHIJ0BHUa rHMH.,ll>KHiiC'Ka H 6a6a Pa.,lla 11BaHHUa ToJieBa
Ha 14 aar. 1898 r. MR Mecuxa XJIH6oae; Me.>KJly THX cne)lHHH, KOHTO ce
Ka.D.H Ha Bn.llHH aeqep H AHecKa. ToH XJIJ16 e npe.,llC1'aBeH B pHC. N2139.
Toii e npHCHa nl!Ta, B K0HT0 ce ry.>K)la cpe6peHa napa; KoraTo ce one-
11e H npeKa.ll,H, Ha11ynaaT IlHTaTa Ha TOJIKOBa. 3aJI'bU.H, .KOJIKOTO ca
B K'bl.lJ,H, H BCeKH 3aJI'bK HapH'IaT Ha HHKoro; IlOCJie rne.,llaT B 'IHA 3an'bK
ce na.,llHana napa-ra. OTrope Ha nuTaTa HMa Kpasaflqe enc 3aKpnaeHH
poroae. Tyii Kpasauqe .llHraT li CK'bTBaT 3a JieK.
Ba6a lla.na MH Ka3a, qe HSIKora ce MeCHJI0 6orosa nHTa II Kpaaau
Ha K0Jie)lapUHTe, , HO T0Ba e 6HJIO MH0ro OT.ll,aBHa. TH.ff XJIH60Be cera
MecSIT B .npyrH CJiyllaH, KaKT0 T0Ba me ce BH.ll,H no-HaTaT'bK. CTapH1·e
o6u11a11 B naHanop1nu.e ca HanycnaTH.
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' ToH XJIH6 ce K3.llH, JIOMH ce H ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa.
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ne.aaTa e T'bp>Kec1eena H o6pe.nna.
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p~~HOU.BeT_eH - . ~Jlelf:O, qepHo, )K'bJITO _ H .n.p; MeCaJI'bT e )1.'bJI'br' KqJIKOTO H
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raT B HHBaTa )I.a pa.>K,ua, )Hi 6b)le J1.10)l0BHTa .
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BCeKH 11ynH no e,nHH .n.a BH)].H KbCMeTa CH. Tpwu1ne ry)K,.'l.3T B Kbpl\rn.1Ka-
Ta Ha CTOKaTa. A TaKa CbllJ.O 33Kbp.MHT B0.'IOBeTe C KpaeaftqeTo, K0eTO
e oTrope Ha XJJH6a (pHc. N2139)-.lla ca 3.ll.paBH. .
B c. KJrncypa Ha TpaneaaTa cJiaraT H Ka)l.HT TPH MaHJJ.)KH: 1
capJ\, a,
<j:>acy-.11 H- omaB (KpymH, llYKYHayp tt CJIHBH), a TpH6Ba )la HMa BCHllK0 ,l].e-
BeT Tl()PJIHH [BH,na], 33T0Ba CJiaraT ow.e: panoH (cTpHT), BHHO, qeCHOB
JIYK, -Kp0MH)l., opexH, 6y 11Ka COJ1 I 6paW'hHUe, T0nJia TypTa C Me,n; B e)].-
. Ha nam111Ka ry)K,naT ome Tp1111KH H nenJiell:· BcttqK11Te THH Hema, Tpu11-
KHTe, nenJieUbT, Kp0MH,ll.'bT, . qeCHOBHHT JIYK H COJI1'a CJiy)KaT 38 LI.Hp;
op~XRTe.11yKaT ome seqepTa, a BCeKH .n.a CH BH,ll.H K'hCMeTa; OT C0JITa .,TJH.3-
HyBa BCeKH 3a 3,npase; C TPHllKHTe nywaT .neuaTa, K0faTO ce ynJia-
lllaT; c 6palll'hHUeTo ce JieKyBa TO)Ke OT CTpax. Tyii 6palllbHUe ce npe-
cee " ce .Mec1-1 npoccpopa; nocJie OT TaSI npoccpopa ce Typra BbB soiuma 11
.ce ,naBa Ha 6oJIHH.H OT CTpax. KoraTO ce cee T0Ba 6paWHO, CHTOTO ce
TYP.H HaonaKH. CaMaTa npocq>0pKa ce MeCH no TOH HaqHH: npaB51T ce
Haii-HanpeJJ. .zteBeT npoccpopKM, nocJie ce 0TH0BO cM.ecsaT 11 ce npaBHT
Ce)leM; DOCJie ce 9THOB0 CMeCBaT H ce npaB.HT TpH; H HaH-noc~e OT
TH.ff TPH ce cMecsaT H ce npaBH e.n.Ha. C nenJien.a ce nopncaa flOJlbT
(TYK fl()Jl'bT ce o6pa6oTBa 38 f}OJIOBO l\l3CJIO H BCHKa Kbl.ll,a HMa IJ,5IJia
HHBa) OT 6y.6oJJe11KH H B'blllKH.
B c. Tabp.llHUa Ha TpaneaaTa Ka)J.HT TPH ro36H: 606, 11yrnK11
(capMa) -» )KHTO. KaTO npeKa,ll.HT, OT XJJH6a, OT 6o6a, qyrnKHTe 11 )Kl -
TOTO ry.>K)laT B zaeaHa (llntHHKa) H )laBaT Ha BOJI0BeTe ..
Colli.OTO e B MorJIHlll H illHnKa.
B c. Me.naeH Ha cocppaTa KaJJ.HT TPH MaH)J.)KH: 606, )KHTO H 3eJJe;
HMa H KHTKa 60CHJieK H caem, KOHT0 ce na3H 3a TpuTe Ka)l.eHH Be4epu.
Ha KHTKaTa HMa cpe6peHa napa H aJieH KOHeu.; TaSI KHTKa ce na3a A0:-
ro)lHH8 H CJIY)KH 3a uHp. CsemTa ce J-fe racH c ,nyxBaHe, a ce 3aspe 8
)KijT0T0. BceKH XBopra )KHTO 113 K0MHHa, Ta ,ll.a 60)].e )KJffOTO BHC0K0 H
KJiacoBe-re - rone~rn.
B c. flo)lBec (Kaptto6arcKo) Ha CHHHHTa ocseH TpHTe XJISI6a (.NQ 121,
122 H 123) cJJaraT ome: )KHTO, 6HJI 606, rpo3)J.e, opexw BHHo oaec
. B c. Kapa6yHap (BypracKo) Ha coq>paTa cJJaraT ~ Ka)l~T: 6ofi
AQXHa· (eapeHH); ow.e .)KJ{T~ H qeCH0B JiyK.
424 tiHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

B ·c.ITarnaKhOH (Ko3'LJiara'IKo) cnaraT: )KHTO, 3eJie c 6Jv1 ~o6,

·naHHIJ.a C H'IMHK H B'bTpe rJiaBa JIYK H qeC'bH. B HtJMHKa e 3a60.ae-
11a cBem c t1epBeH K0Heu u 6ocHJieK. TaH csem cJiy)KH 3a Tp1ne Ka'AeHH
seqepu.
B C. CeMHC'le (XaCKOBCKO) HaMeCTO Tpane3a IlOCTHJiaT Mecan H
Ha Hero cnaraT BapeHa tteHuqa, cpacyn, 6HJI JJYK u opexH .
B C. BpeCTOBHUa .npuroTBHT 3a napaJIHHTa .aeBeT . .ffCTHeTa:
'llYlIJKH (capMH C opH3 H 3eJie), cpacyJI, ornaB (BapeH_H CJIHBH H -KPYlllH),
-6ypeHuR (Jiaxna, CK'bJIUaHa c op1rn), aapeHa nrneHnua, HaJio)KeHo
rpo3,Zle, pa'leA (Ma.ll)KYH), opexu H Typ·rnHH OT JiaxHa H nHnep.KH. 11Ma
·B«Ho u paKH.ff. Me.>K.ay qyrnKuTe (capMHTe) me HMa e.aHa no-roJIHMa,
·aan'hJIHeHa c opH3, Jiema, cpacyJI, ypoa (6yJiryp), npoco, nrneHuua,
OBec, HtJMHK, rp'bCTeHo CeMe H .apyro, KaKBOTO ce cee B n~~ero. TaH
-capMa ,ZlaBaT B K'bpMHJIKaTa Ha OBUHTe HJIH K03HTe, na H Ra KpaBHTe
H KOOHJIHTe, 3a .aa He 6paKmucam, T. e . .aa He Il0MHTaT. OcB~H TOBa
Ha napaJIHHTa TYPHT qecHoB JIYK, top, 3eMeH oT TPH Kynuma, nHC'bK,
-cJiaMa, 3eMeHa OT TPH nJJeBHH , npoco H KHCHHTa C nap1:1Te• .I:I·fl~'bK'bT
ce nKPaJJ.e OT peKaTa H OT· tJY.ZlOBHmeTo B He.H"; KpaJJ.eHOTO ce H3B'bpllIBa
no TaK'hB HatJHH: me OTH,Zle •HffKOH oT M'b)KeTe npe3 HomTa cpemy MaJIKa
Kone.aa Ha peKaTa, me .ae6He -noJieKHtJKa, HHKOH .aa ro He BHJJ.H Hue cMee
.zta nporoBOpH; me· 3eMe OT peKaTa UHC'bK H TaHHO me ce B'bpHe Y .llOMa.
Top'bT ce XB'bpra y HHB1tTe, CJiaMaTa ce ropH Ha ryMH0TO H no.a ,Zl'bpBe-
1'aTa,. IlHC'bK'bT ce ry)K.Zla B )KHTOTO. .
Boa Benec TaH aeqep cJiaraT 3eJIHHK H man.Ku· ( capMH).
B .c . .lla6uJia (CTpyMurnKo) cJiaraT: cpacyJI, capMH H oipaa.
Or TYH H3Jio)KeHue ce BH.>KJJ.a, qe Me)K.Zly ro36uTe Ha nopB6' Mfl-
ao CTOHT OOHKHOBeHHTe Il0CTHH f036H B 6'bJirapcKaTa Korn.a: q>acyJI,
'3eJie, opH3, Jiern.a, KpOMH,ll. H 11eC'bH; Ha nocJie,ll.HHTe, 6e3 KOHT0 roo6a
·H e ce roTBH, e ,Zla)leHo e)lH0 MH0fO roJI.HM0 o6pe)lHO 3Ha'leHHe.
npu TOBa Me)K,Zly npHTYPKHTe H)laT ceMeHaTa Ha BCH'IKH'l'e 3eM-
..ne.ae.TJtJecKH pacTeHHH C TOpTa H IlHC'bK8, HY)KHH 3a YCHJIBaHero IlJIO-
JlOPOJlHaTa M0lll. Ha TIOIIBaTa.
· K a Jl e H e T o. BcHtIKo e CJIO)KeHo Ha Tpane3aTa HJIH Kpaii He.H:
oope)lHHTe XJIH6oae, f0°36HTe, npu6aBKHTe H 6'b)J.HHK'bT. Ho BCH'IKO
'T0Ba oI.U,e HHMa HHKaKBo' 3HatieHJle, .ZlO)l.eTO He 6'b)le npeKa.n.euo; Ka-
J(eHeTo )laBa o6pe)lHOCT, 0CBeTHBa CJIO)KeH0TO, .aaBa MY CHJia Ha UHP'
cuJia cpern.y JIOWHTe JlyxoBe, cpemy 6oJiecTnTe. ETo u.ae H Ka;ieHero.
BCH'IKH JlOM3IlIHH ca, npaBH H CTOHT OKOJIO Tpane3aTa; lKepTBO-
npHH0llleHH.HTa ca fOTOBH H llaKaT )Kpeua. )Kpeu'bT He e )l.pyr' HO ,ZlH-
JlOTO B HHKorarnHaTa . Hama 38,Zlpyra, )I.OMOBJia,ll.HKaTa B cerallIHHTe
.ceMeiicTBa - HaH-CTapHHT M'b)K B K'blll.aTa. . .
TyK HaMeCTO Ka,ll.HJIHHUa CJIY)KH CBemeHHHT 3a ceJI.HliHHa :>1Ce-
Jie3eH ype)I. B paJIOTO HJIH nnyra - Hape11eH nii.Ae~HUK, naAe-tHUIC
(CO<j>HiicKo), eMe~ (Byp~~cKo, ITpecnasc.K o 11 KoTJieHcKo), JteMe3'C
(Eneu cKo) , piiAHUK (JIOMcKo, ITneBeHCKo). To.H naJie>KHHK, eMe:>IC,
.JleMeZ HJil:f paJIHHK e npHfOTBeH; Ha Hero CTOil3HKaTa TYPSI TPH BotJieiia OT
 PEAHI 'H03HH OEHYA H 425
or'bH.R, Karo npe,nsapHTeJIHo ce npeKp'hCTBa u T'hH ro no~aaa Ha Jl.SIJl.OTo
HJIH ,l{OMOBJI8,l{HKaTa, KaTo MY nenyaa pnKa . .lioMOBJlaJlHKaTa noeMa
nane>KHHK8 B JUIBaTa· pnKa, npeKp'bCTBa ce TPH IT'bTH C Jl..HCHa H
OTHOBO noeMa naJJe>KHHKa B 'AHCHara p1>Ka. CronaHKara ry.JK.Aa re-
'MHH (HHKora ce Ka.l{HJIO C pa3JIH11HH MHpH3JIHBH KopeHH, OMaH H JJ.p.)
H Ha'IHHSI .na KaJIH OT ,l{SICHO Ha JISIBO - KaKTO ce cee Ce.Mero B HHBaTa
H KaKTO ce KOCH. npeKa]lBa TpH Il'bTH H Ha BCSIKO npeKa,nBaHe ce npe-
Kp'bCTBa. C rperoro npeKa,naaHe Ka,neaero e cs1>pweHo u c.i1OJKeHure
Ha rpane3ara_XJIH6oae, ro36H H .npyru Hema ca se11e ocaereHH. Cro-
HKara ry>K,Aa Ha B'bfJieHHTe ome TeMHH H .l{OMOB.Tla.z(HKara fOJIOfJJaB
na_
Tp'hrBa, ra npeKa,nBa acil11Kure crau a Komara n BCHlfKHTe crpazu1
l3 JJ.BOpa: IlHBHHUa , 3HMHHK, KomapHr e Ha BOJJOBeTe, KOllleaere , xaM-
6apa, .u.opH H KYPHHKa (a HHKOH cena).
· lloAero )(OMOBJiaJlHKara Ka,nu rpane3ara·, TOH 6narocnae.S1. B
~- CeMHC11e MH Ka3axa· TaKaBa . 6JiaroCJIOBH.ff:

3a IIII.Ieuuuara:
)la ce pa.>K,na nII.IeHHU&
flOJJ. Il'bT H H8Jl. Il'bT,
11 Ha cyx 6.HJI KaM'bK.
KJiacosere ,na crauar Karo JI'b)l(HUH,
3'bpuara · .na ca Karo .'(peHKH.
3a BHHOTO:
.lla ce pa.>1<.na BHHO
ITO)( ffbT H H3JJ. IlbT,
11 Ha cyx 6.ffJI KaMbK.
0r BCHKa JI03a H Mepa,
Or Jl.bH,napMara9 .nse Mepu.
3a nyKa:10
lla ce pOJl.H JIYK
ITo,n n'hT H Ha,n 111,r,
11 ua cyx 6HJI KaMbK .
fJJaBHTe .na CT3H3T KaT MeqeuIKH
IOMpymr.

Ba6a Ileaa Hsaeosa, no M'b:>K Cnasosa

llo.u.ero .noMoBJia,nHKara xo.nu H 6JJarocnaBH, uaii:-crapara JKeHa
HJIH cronaHKa Ta B3HMa OT TeM.ffHa H ro CK'bTBa 3a JJeK rrpe3 fO.llHHaTa .
C TOH TeMHH ce Ka.llH OT ynJiaII.IeH o, OT yrpaMa (napaJIH3H .ff) H APYfH
Jl.YllleBHH H HepBHH 6oJiecTH.
· K~ro ce npeKaJJ.H, noJiarar naJJeJKHHKa HJIH KpaH orHHmero,
HJIH rro.u. BOJl.HHKa (CO<j>uiicim) H raMo crou JJ.O BoJJ.HUH. Ha Boro~BJie-
HHe ro OTHaCHT Ha peKani, OK'bilBaT ro H Karo ro YBHSIT B lfHCT Me-
can, noap1,mar ro s K'bll(H H ro ry~ar ua rpe.nara. Ha Ba6HH.lleH
(8 HHyapH) OTBHBaT ro H ro rypHT npH APYfHTe 3eMeJJ.eJJCKH op'bJl.HSI.
Karo ry.JK,AaT rraJJe.>KHHKa Kpaii orHHI.U.eTO, TPHTe B'hrJieHa HapH-
·11ar: .e..z:tHHHSI 3a .>KHTO, JJ.pyrHH 3a BHHO, rpeTH.H 3a npoco (cera 3a ua-
peam.(a)". Tyii HapH'laHe o6a11e He e eJJ.HaKBo HaBC.HK'bJJ.e; To ce C'brJia-
CHBa C rJiaBHH npoH3Be,neHHH, KOHTO· ce o6pa6orBaT H H3Ba)KJJ.aT B
.llaiteHaTa MeCTHOCT: flOJia, cycaMa, CJIHBHTe H np. TTocJie Ha cyrpHHTa
rJieJJ.aT Koii or B'hrmmure e yracHaJI c nenneu - TOH noKa3Ba, 11e 1..1.{e

9D,1,HiJapMa e npbT or e,11ea JI03a, npesnr H eaca,llee Ha 4pyro MRCTo.

10TyK craea MHOJO JIYK, K3'KTO B c. Cenapeso, .llynHHWKO .
426 JJ.HMHT'bP ' MAPHHo
8

HMa 6ol'a'l'o nJto.nopo,il.He oT ToBa npoH3Be.nenHe; aKo JIM e no11eptt.stJI _

IU.e- 61>.ne peKoJITaTa 6e.naa.
· Cne,n npeKa.nnaneTo JJ.oMoBJiaJJ.HKaTa me ce npeKpoCTH, me.nceMe
6'b1l,HHKa, me ro OTHece Kpai-1 OfHHW.eTo H KaTO norJie)lne H3 KOMHHa
"
~e i<.a>1<.e: ,,Jlsui.o 60:>Ke, eJTa HH Ha rocre .na Be11epHMe I , a 6a6ara
>

(nail-c1apara :>Kena) oTrosapH: ,,Be11epHHTe, CHHKo, ae11epHftTe; Heim e

n'bnHo naBCSIKb,ll.e, neKa e 6narocJJoBeHo H Ha 3)lpaae BH!" (6a6a Ma-
PHH CToHHoBa, c. TiarnaKhoii. TaKa e cJiyrnana oT .ll.H)la CH H 6am.a CH.)
TiocJie noJiara 6b.ll.HHKa Ha orHHW.eTO )la ropH.
B c. lla6HJia, _CTpyMHllJKO~ cpew.aMe Cbll1.HH 06tt11au. Karo. ce
npeKa,nH, CTonaHHHbT 3HMa noraqara (6oroaaTa nHT_ a , 6oroa11uara),
ry>K.na Ha HeH 'lallJaTa C BHHO, KOSITO e TO:>Ke Ka)leHa H csemTa, K051TO e
KaJ].eHa 3anaJieHa, H -OTHB3 .no KblUHHTe Bpara, KOHTO TYK ce HapMtfaT
,,cTapa· apara", M Kaaaa: ,,JlHJlO Bo:>KHK, eJia HH Ha seqepH!", a e.zurn
OT CHHOBeTe HJIH CTonaHKaTa ()TfOBOpH: ,,BeqepHHTe, CHHKO, HeKa BH
e Ha3.npaae!" ·
Colll.HH o6Htfaii cpemHax H B K10cTeH.Z1.HJICKO B ceJiaTa: ll,bpea-
pmia, fpalllHUa H .npyrH TTHHHellKH HapeqeHH ceJia.
CJie.n no~araHeTo 6bJJ.HHKa Kpai-1 orHttmero HAe nape)l o6H~a»T
JI OM e·H e TO 6 0 r O B H l,l a Ta, KOHTO e Ba:>KeH H Hepa3)1.eJIHa qacT OT
o6pe.na . .lloMOBJia)l.HKaTa CbC CTonaHKaTa, :>KeHa cu, 3aCTaBaT TaKa:
J].OMaKHHbT OTKbM 3ana.n HJIH OTKbM OfHHmeTo, cl 'AOMaKHHKaTa OTK'bM
H3TOK HJIH OTK'bM BpaTaTa, HO H3J]. rpane3aTa, H3)1.Hf3T BHCOKO XJI.H6a,
XBaHaJIH ro 3a J].BaTa KpaH, H HapHllaT: ,,To-oJI-KOBa .na e :>Kl.fTOTo!",
H IlOCJie- ro JIOMH.T. E.nHaTa TIOJIOBHHa, KOH TO e y )1.01\IOBJia,ru,rnaTa,
OCTaBH ce npeJI. HKOHaTa - Ha 6ora, a JI.p.yraTa IlOJIOBHHa ce JIOMH
OTHOBO OT BCHqKHTe )I.OMallJHH M BCeKH rJie)l,a KaK'bB KbC e OTtJynHJJ:
aKo e no-roJIH.M - 3Ha11H K'bCMeT'bT MY me 6b)l.e no-roJI.HM, aKo e no-
MaJI1>K - H K'bCMeT'bT MY me 6b)l,e no-MaJibK.
Toaa e cTaBaJio HHKora B CTapo BpeMe, Koraro a 6oroBaTa nH-
Ta He ca ry:>KJI.aJIH napa. Cera, ,I1.ero ry:>K.nar B HeH napa 3a KbCMeT>
nora1rnTa ce JIOMH Ha MHoro nap11era, KaTo ce HapHqa : ·Haii-Hanpe.n. Ha
oora, TIOCJJe Ha Komara, Ha HHBaTa, Ha CTOKaTa, Ha CTonaH~rna, Ha
CTonaHKaTa Hua BCH1IKHJJ.pyr11 )I.OMaillHH, -.ll.OPH H Ha OHHH, KOMTO OT-
C'bCTByBaT H nocJie rJJeAaT B qwe napqe ce .e na.zrnaJia napaTa, y To-
roBa e "K'bCMeTbT Ha ceMeHCTBOTO npe3 fO)l.HHaTa, H )I.OMOBJla)l.J-IKaTa ro
oTKynea. Tiap11eTo Ha 6ora ce ocraBH Ha noJIHUaTa npe.n HKoHaTa, Ta
lKHTOTO )(a pacTe BHCOKO H )la KJl3C}{ ro4eMH KJiaco'Be.
CJie,l( JIOMeHeTo Ha 6orOBHUaTa
.
BCeKH me CH \3e:Me OT )KHTOTO C.
)(Ba np'bcra H me ro XBbpJ1I-1 npe3 KOMHtta; me xanHe oT 6oroBHUaTa, HO
Il'bpBHHT 33J1bK_ me 3ana3H.; me xanHe OT qeCHOBHH JIYK - cpemy .
JioniH AYXOBe H 6H.c. Ha 6yJIKaTa ocaeH Toaa me .n.a.naT JI.a xanHe oT
KpOMH,lla, 33 .na HMa MJ1HKO.
KaTO c~ CB'bplllH BCHt:iKo TOBa, m.e ce.nHaT .na Be11epHT. Tipe3 UH-
JIOTO BpeMe HHKOH He 6HBa .na CTaBa OT Tpane3aTa. AKO ce IlOHBH Hy:>K-
,l(a .n.a ce C.TaHe 33 Hemo, TO CTaBa )1.0MOBJla)l.HKaTa H XOJl.1-1 HaBe)l.eH,
 PEJl} 1FH0 3HJf OEH 'IA Jf 427
e.
3a .n.a ca HaBe.zI.e HH H CTpbKO BeTe )KHTHH OT nbJIHHT e H roJieMH KJJaCoB
KaTO ce Hast.zi.aT' BCHIJKJI CTaBaT 0TBe.zI.H::i.>K, a opall'bT me noJI,CK0-
'lJH, Ta .>KHTaTa JI.a ca BHC0KH . Tpane3 aTa He ce .zu1ra, a eJia'IH. nocJJe·
ce TbpKaJI HT H3 CJia~taT a 0T6oJie CT }f rJieJI,aT -11.a HaMep.H T 3pbHUa . T•HI·
3p1,Hua ry.>K.ztaT B ceMeTo , aa .zi.a 6'bJI.e aanaae Ha HHBaTa OT 6poJI.HH UH,.
a )KHTOTO OT rJiaBHH .
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K'b.l{e 3anaJI.H T OT HeH Ha ryMH0T 0 npH CT0.>Ke pa, HHKb.l{e TypraT no·
AbpBeT aTa H CKbTBa T _ H 3a reprbOB ,lleH.
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T. e. K0HT0 He ca ce 0TP0.ll.H JIH .
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ro na3HT no.zi.pe.zi..
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1l
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T
npeBHT HH KpaBai t 11 ,cpoHiJupa c BHHo . Toaa no1<a3B a, qe ce 01.1aKBa
roCTH. THH rocTJ-1 ca K0J1e)la pu.1ne.
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Tp.H6Ba )la ca MJla)l0..>K€HU,H. O6HKHO B€HO Te ca M0MUH He.>KeHeHH. Dpe)l-
B0.l{HTeJI.HT HM e ..>KeHeH.
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ca nocoqe HH B'bB BHpBaH HHTa .
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cmaHeHUK. CTaHeH HK'bT e Mb..>K 0..>KeHeH,H0 3Hae K0Jie)l.H HTe neCHH J].06pe H'
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.
6'hKJIHU 3 C BHH0 H BCHqKH BKynoM OTHB3T .na ro K3HRT 33 CTaHeH HK~
CTaHeH HK'bT npoyqB a C K0JJe.na pHTe BCHqKH Te K0Jie.l{H H neCHH,.
K0HT0 nie TpH6Ba )la ce ne.stT Ha Bb.llHH aeqep.
Ko.ne.n .apu1ne ce npHr0T BRT 3a TaH aeqep H C o6JieKJI OTO CH:·
qHCT0, cnpeTH aTo.
KaTo JlOH)le 6'bJlHH aeqep, BCHqKH Te KoJie.na pu.H ca co6paH1 1 B Ao-
Ma Ha CTaHeH HKa. BceKH e o6Jie'-le H B npa3HH 'IHa npeMHH a, o6yT B Ha-
i
Bym.a 6eJJH C qepHH B'bpBH, Bem.o npHBbp 3aHH. HHK'b.l{ e npH TOH CJiyqa}
cera o6yBaT t{H3MH (Bypra cKo II B CbCe)lH HTe Kpam.11 .a). KaTo cTaHe·
Ha
cpe}lH0ll .J,, K0Jie.n.a pu.1iTe Tp'brBa T. H.HKor a CB0eTo TporBa He OT .ll0l\la
CTaHeH HKa ca Q6a.>K,llaJIH C nymetie H f'bpMe)K , a _H3 TTbTH Te ce qyBaJIH
0T}laJie tie, 33W.OT0 ne.HT H )Ilff3T myM,
KaTO ce qye nyme'IH JUIT f'bpMe..>K, BCHlJKH , K0HT0 ca 6y.llHH B K'b-
111.HTe, Ta na3HT 0fbHH, K33BaT : ,,ETo K0Jie.n.a pUHT~ Tp'brBa T." 11 aKo.
HMa B Kblll.H M0Ma, Cb6Y)KJ l~T .ff .ll~ ce CTerHe 3a nocpeUJ .aHe K0Jie.I( apn0-
Te, Me.»<.n.y K0JIT0 e H HeHHH.H T .ruo60B HliK .
428 /l.HMHT"bP MA PHH OB

Il»pBaTa CH neceH KOJ1e,nap1.une, BCHqKH BKYIIOM, w.e H3nesn Ha

,CTaHeHHKa CH. CJie,n TOBa TporBaT H3 CeJIOTO.
AKo ceJioTo e no-1\taJJKo, Ta w.e MoraT .na ycneHT )I.a nocersIT
.BCHtIKHTe K'hlll.H, Te x9.nsn Ha Ky_n; aKo JIH e ceJIOTO no-roJieMHqKo, TO•
raBa cTaHeHH~'hT rw pa3,neJIH Ha ·iremu HJIH Kyau no ce,neM .HJIH no net
.llYllJH B'bB BCHKa qeTa HJI H KY .u.a H Ha BCHKa qeTa noc:i-aBH 'lemHUK HJIH
xyaa-6aUIUR . ToH tteTHHK e r JiaBaTap, TOH poKOBO,Z{H neCHHTe, TOH 3a-
IlOBSl,Z{Ba Ha KOJie,napU.HTe u Hero cJiyrnaT RCH'lKH. 3a qeTHliK HJIH KY~a-
6auurn ce nocTaBH MOM'bK HJIH )KeHeH MJia)l. M'b)K, HO KOHTO e Belll. He ca-
NO B KOJJe,napCKJiTe neCHH, a Olll.e H B 6Jia>KaHKHTe, T .e. B 6JiafOCJIOBHH•
Te. l13o6mo 3a 11eTHMK ce nocTaBH aem KoJie)l.apeu.
C KO.'le,napuuTe XO.llJIT no-MJIMH MOMUH, KOJ:ITO caMO npMaraT B
'llepHaTa pa6oTa: Te HOC.HT roJiel\Hi Top6H, a KOHTO ry>K)l.aT no.napnUHTe;
H noHe:>Ke 110.u.apnLUtTe He ca e.u.:naKBll, TO H Top6HTe ca HHKOJIKO. TH.SI
MOM'leTa HOCHT MMe: mpoxo6ep, KOHTO HOCH KpaBa1ne, M.02ape, Kolho
HOCli CJiaHHHa, H Matte, KoeTo npaBH CMexopHH H MflyKa KaTo KOTe.
,,TaH onarnKa - Ka3BaT .U.H.U.O MHJJO CToHHOB H .l{H)l.O CToHH
IleTKOB, c. KaMeHo noJie - HHKora He e HMaJio. 3amoTo KpaaaHTe
Ko.r1e.l{apuHTe npu6upaJIH Ha ,npyrHH .u.eH, a oT CMexop1u1 He e HMaJio
uy )K)l.a."
BceKH Kone.napeu HOCH ro.JIHMa ToHra, HapetieHa Kpuea,c, a Kana-
Ta MY e o6HH3aHa C M'bHHCTa H BeHUH.
n e CH }IT e KO JI e.n a p CK H HMaT Haii-pa3Hoo6pa3HO Cb,U'bp-
JKaH:ne: Te ca HCTopwqecKH, MJiTH'leCKH H ce,naJIHH, T. e. Bb3IlHBaT
xy6oCTTa Ha MOMaTa, JOHalleCTBOTO Ha MOM'bKa, 6oraTCTBOTO Ha HSIKO-
rawmne HH 3a,npyrH - H3o6m.o CIO>KeT'hT HM e }13 ceMeHHHSI )KHBOT.
Me.!10)1.HHTe HM ca qapoBHH. Co6paHHTe H HOTHpaHHTe B MHHliCTepCKHH
c6opHHK MeJIO)l.HH ca OCaKaTeHu; JIHilCBaT HM OHHSI T'bHKH TpenTeHHSI,
KOUTO H3)l.lffaT .u.ywaTa BHCOKO H pa3)l.BH>KBaT Kp'bBTa )l.O nony,ua.
THH l\feJJO)l.HH' KOHTO Belle ca Ha H.3tie3BaHe, me MoraT )I.a. ce C'b6epaT
Cal\,IO H e.zu1HCTBeHo qpe3 IlOMOIIJ.Ta Ha HOBOH306peTeHH.SI 3a TaH ueJI
ype.rr., HapetieH rpaMb<poH HJIII cpoHorpacp.
J1 TOBa e )KeJiaTeJIHO .u.a CTOpH ETHorpacpnqeCKHSI HM My3e.H qac
HO-CKOpo; HHatte TYH ueHHO po)l.HO 6oraTCTBO OT TBOptieCTBOTO Ha po,u-
HaTa HH MY3HK3 H MeJIO)l.HH ll~e H3lle3He 6e3CJie)l.HO, 3allJ.OTO KOJie,napUH·
-re ca Ha 1rnqe3saHe, a oco6Ho . Bem1ne necHoneBUH-Kone,napuH.
TTecm1Te, KOHTO ce neHT KaTO KOJie)l.HH ,l{HeCKa, cnope.n BeJ.UHTe
JIHua-KoJie)l.apu11, ca MHoro pa36opKaHH: neHT ce KaTo Kone.napcKH MHO·
ro reprbOBCKH, cnacoBCKH, BeJlHK)l.eHCKH, HHKYJICKH, Ce)l.aJIHH H o6-
paTHO. Toea CMeweH11e ce )l.'h.rT>KH cnope.n ,nH)l.o ll.aKo oT KOJIHOHTe Ka-
MeH JlOJI, TeTeBeHCKO, Ha o6CTOSITeJJCTBOTO, )l.eTo Belll.HTe HSIKorauIHH
Kone.napu1f ,nHec ca C'hBoprneHo H3tte3Hani1 .
.llHAO M11.110 oT c . KaMeHo noJie, cTap KOJie,napeu, MM pa3Ka3a, qe
Kone.u.apcKHTe necH11 HMaT csoeTo cTporo C'hAnp.>KaHHe H Ha3HaqeHHe.
B 3a,npyraTa HHKorarnHa e HMaJio )l.H)l.o-cTaHeHuK, 6a6a, MoMa 3a :>KeHe-
He, MOMUH, 6y.r1Ka T'bKMO )KeHeHa, HMaJIO e HOBopo)l.eHo ,neTe, HMaJlO e
pEJIH TH03 HH OE H C/A H 429
oB'lap-c ta,nHuK , uMaJio e opatI. B ceJiaTa e HMaJio KMeT ' non ' ceu1.HHHH-
Il'bpBeaeu H npoqyT HJIH KOHTO e XOJI.HJI Ha CBeTa ropa H np. Ha BCH'I-·
u

OTpe-
KHTe TH.ff JIHUa B ceJIOTO H 3aJI.py raTa KOJieJI. apuuTe HMaT CTporo
,neij.H neCHH. ·
TipR MOHTa o6HKOJIKa H npu c'b6up~ HeTo Ha JI.pyru <pOJIKJ10pH1-i Ma--
Tepuam1 33 o6bpHa x MHoro rOJIHMO BHHMaHue Ha BCHtIKH
o6pe,nHH necHu, a oco6eH o Ha KoJJeJI.apcKuTe . Te ca 3anHca HH npe,u.1t
25-3() r. (1883- 1884r. H TIO-KbC HO), H TO OT BellI.H neBUH· CTaHeH HUII,
xoJieJI.apuu, rJiaBaT apu. JlacKaH ce c TBbp,ll.aTa BHpa, qe· MOHTe necHH.._
•.
ca HCTHHC KHTe Ko.ne,ll.H H neCHH H no CbJlbp} KaHue, H no H33Hati eHHe
TiecHHTe 6Hx ~ Hannca JI Ha MeCTHO Hapeq1--1e, HO noc.ne ru npe)J.a-
,nox Ha JtuTepaTypeH e3HK, 3am.oTo MOHTa rJiaBHa ueJI H 3a,naqa e na
npe,ll.aM BHpH0 Cb)J.bp }KaHHeT o, a3a e3HK0C JIOBHH H )J.HaJJe KTHtIHH.
H3Y'IBaHH"H THH neCHH me 6b,ll.aT npe}I.MeT B C6opHH Ka MH, KOHTO TbKM.H
,na H3.U.aM e.u.uH .u.eH, aKo, pa36up a ce, m.e Mora HaMepn ' MaTeptta...1Ha.
Il0M0llI. .
3a neCHHTe, KOHTO uie }{3.TJO.>l<.a, a3 HMaM ,na 6Jiaro.u.apH Ha ,ll.OJJy-
IlOCOlleHHTe JIHU.a, KOHTO C2 6HJJH CTaHeHHUH H ' ca 61--1.nH B CBoe speMe
KoJie.u.apuu u sem.u nectton oiiu.H. THH .nuua ca: ,n».u.o Ka.nqo OT c.
fopHo naanuK eau, .ll.H.ll.O UaKo oT KaMeH .u.oJJ, TeTeBeHCKo, JI.H.ll.O M11J10
H JlSI,ll.Q CTOHH OTC. KaMeHo no.r.e, BpatJaH CKO, ,ll.SI,ll.0 neHtIO , ,ll.R,ll.0 X pHCTO·
u ,ni,no CToiiKo , c. KaKp11na, JloBtiaHCKo, .iv1.u.o KoJiho , c. MbrJIH lll,
.IJ.SIJI.O feopru BbJIKOB, c. 6p)'ceH , .ll.HJ.lO DeTKO, c. fopHa KpeMeH a,.
BpaqaHCKO. necHHT e CbM· JlOITbJIHHJI H.OT HHKOH 6a6u: 6a6a BbJIKa Ha,. ·
c. JluTaKo Bo, 6a6a MapHH Cns-Ko HoBa, c. Manop aT, 6a6a CaBa 11Ba-
HHU.a, c. 6Hna CJiaTnHa, 6a6a MHtJa Hnm1tt eaa, c. Ko3ap BeneHe , u
HHK0H .n.p., KOHTO KB.TO MOMH ca MeCH.:1H KpaBaH 1-i npHTOTB.HJIH
ca
CBOHTe 6paTH 3a KOJie,ll.apuH, Ta TIOMHHT KOJie)J.apCKHTe neCHH H TeXHH-
Te MeJI0,ll.H H.
flpu BCHKa neceH nocotIB aM .,,uueTo, oT ' KoeTo C'hM 3anuca n ne-
ceHTa H c.nywaJI MeJJO,ll.H.HTa.

fl ·1, p B a TI e C e H

Ha cmaHeHUKa (1.4apR Ha KoJle,ll-a puuTe)

(Ilee ce c1,c c1,waTa Me.10.1urn, xaxaaTo cpewaM B C6HY, XI, 44, N<2 6,
B KO.SITO MeJIO)lHJ I JIHnceaT neHHHTe HJ03HCH .)

~ CTaHeHHHe, foCIIO,ll.HHe, Orroaa pH cTap cTapeii o:

KoJia.u.e Jie, 11
focno,ll.HHe, 6on.HpuHel
Bor ce KaHH .u.a TH .u.oif.u.e,
11 B'ha 6ora c6op aHrenu ~
Mo* .JIH (fora .u.a nocpem.Hern,
Ila nocpell.(Hern, ~a · HarocT urn?
ll ,.l(oJiat{e Jie" ce noeTapH CJieJJ BCCKH CTHX.
12
C?Jpnuu, c?JpnuR. -
- Mora, Mora, .u.o6pe .u.ornbJI,.
,Uo6pe ,ll.OWbJI, He Ka ,ll.OH)le.
.Uan MH rocno.u., Ta CH HMaM,.
12 BCe nrneHIU (a,
Tpu CbpTIHH
A tieTBbpTa . 3arapiu 1,
xaM6ap.
:>KHTHHU a,
 430 JI.HM 11 T'bP MA PH HOB

."3arapH.H, qepH0KJiaCKa.13 ]lo TPH KPHJia 6eJIH osrw,

.nan MH rocno,a, TPH 3HMHHKa,
TpH '3HMHHKa, ,a,eeer 6btJBH,
.D.eseT 6bqBH pyfrno BHH0,.
A JJ.eceTa 6am paKH.H,
,c Taff ·6Jiara Me,ll,OBHHa.
llaJI MH rocno,n, Ta CH HM8M,
TpttcTa TpbHKH14 CbC ntJeJJHUH,
Coe nqeJIHUH, ece JieearnKH. 16
.IlaJI MH rocno.n TpH o6opa,
TpH o6opa cttoo era.no·,
A 'ICTB'bpTH CHBH IOHUH.
.na.,1 MH rocno,a, TPI-J KOHHpKH,
·rptt K0HRpKH epaHH Kone.
.JlaJI MH rocno)], .no TpH KpHJra,
A qeTsbpro eaKJIH 0BHH..
]laJI MH rocno.l{ .l{eee'r CHHKa,
LieoeT CHHI(3, .neeeT CH3XH,
A ,a,ecera MJia,na 6y.11Ka.
Te me 6ora ){a npuqeKaT,
lla npHiieKaT, .1.1.a Harocn1T,
Lia HarocnIT, .1.1.a H3IlORT,
.H Bb3 6ora c6op aH reJIH;
Ome MJJa.AH K0Jie.Aapw.
KoJIKO 3Be3.l{H no He6oro,
ToJIKO 3;\paee e TaH Khllla ,
Te6e neeM, cTaHeHHHe!
"KoJia.Ile ne"
Te6e neeM, 6ora xeaJIHM.

. neceuTa H1m1Ta OT ..'lSIJI.O Mnno, c. KaMeHo none. Cps. napnaHTHTe n C6HY,

11, 3; V, 4: AT. l-iJI. M 67

KaTo H3neHT TaH neceH, cTaHeHHK'bT rH noqepnea. AKo TOH caM

11e XOJI.H, 33lll,OTO CTaHeHHK'bT e no-cTap M'b>K, TOH pa3)],eJrn KOJleJl@UH-
Te Ha qen{ HJlH KY.D.H H ·Ha3Haqaea Ha BCHKa qe'fa HJIH Ky.na qerHHK
HnH Ky)la-6awnH H iaea Ha BCeKH qeTHHK HJIH Ky}la-6aw1rn 6'bKJ1HUa,
oKuqeua c eeHeu, oT cyxo 3HMHo uaere H c eapaK H, KaTo .na.ne noCJie,II.-
HHTe ynoTBaHHH, H3npama fH .Ila KOJie,ll.BaT.
KoJieJ1ap1ne H3 K'bll{aTa Ha CTaHeHHKa, pa3,neJieHH Ha qe,-u HJIH Ky-
.11.H, Tp'hrBaT BCH.Ka qeTa 33 OTpe,lleHa t18CT OT ceJIOTO. BceKH KoJieJ].a-
peu rJie,n.a )la 60.ne B Taff qera, .IleT0 e Komara Ha mo6oBHHU.aTa My;
rJie.na ce ow.e H T0Ba, LUOTO HHKOH OT J(OJie.napu11Te .Ila He XOJlH B TaH
"18CT, ,!leT0 e K'hlIJ.a'l'a Ha 6ama My t T. e. TflXH3Ta K'hW.a.
KaTO TporHaT H3 KomaTa Ha CTaHeHHKa, Te .l{HraT wyM. n,pMHT
· c IlHI.U0BH tt neHT neCHH . .lie'fo MHHaT, UHJIOTO ceno e npo6y.u.eHo. KaTO
Ha6JIH.>KaT .Il0 HHKOH Koma, Te neHT CJTe.l{HHTa neceH, KpaTKa H c OMaA-
Ha MeJI0,!{HH.

1'Qco6eu po.it nwenaua, uapeqeua o~e "epnoK1tacu14a, Ha KOSITO Knaco

aeTe ca B'b:llfepHK, Kat<> nperopenH. Taa nwelfHl.la ce C'IHTa oT ua.A•,Ao(Spo kaqectso
Hfp7,1uca ,. m.p'&ftlCU .-KOWepHUJ.e C rfqeJJH,
11,llesataXU , At60KPUAICU - n11e.iJH, KOHTO npaBRT MHoro MeA.
pEJTUrH0. 1 H/1 0 r, 111/A H 431
BTopa necett

TTpe.n. BpaTHHUaTa ll.llH npe.n CTapitTe BpaTa Ha K'bI.UaTa

(MeJio..ri.11sna e no.no6ua Ha Tas1 n CoHY, XI, 44 , N2 5.)

- CTaHem-r ne, rocno.znrne, l{o6p_H fOCTH KOJie.l{apuH.

KoJiaAe Jie, MOH KoJia.l(e! 16 H TH HOCHM ){06 pH secTH:
focnO)l.HHe, 60JIHpHHe,
Bor ce KaHH ){a TH .l{Ott)le,
3acnan JIH CH, npo6y.l(H ce,
ITm1H CH, Tpe3BeH 6'b.l{H,
JIH Mom JIH 6ora ){a nocpell.{uem,
Ta oraapaif t1eMU1Hp-nopT H, · l{a nocpemmm1, ){a ttaroCTHlll,
4eMnrnp-rropTH , crapa BpaTa, H Bb3 6ora c6op attrenH?
l.Je TH H)l.aT .l{06pH roCTH,

HHKora, KoraTo BCeKa Mb}K e XO.l{lf.TI KO.TJe.napeu, Ta BCt!KJ{ e 3Ha-

eJ( KO.'le.l{apcKuTe neCHH, Ha nm BeCTll e OTfOBapHJI )lOMaKHH'hT CbC
CBOHTe CHHOBe . Toi% e OTBapHJI CaM spaTHJH(aTa 11JIH CTapuTe spaTa, T . e.
KbW.HHTe BpaTa H e nee.TI:
Mora, Mora, .no6pe )l.Olll'hJI, Kona)l.e ~1e, MOH KoJiaJJ.e, 17
llo6pe )l.OW'hJJ, HeKa )l.OH.l{e!
}Ia MH ce.l{tte Ha Tpane3H,
H Bb3 6ora c6op attrenn,
C .no6pi1 rocTH KoJie)l.apu.H.
1-fanHTa OT l{SIJI:O M HJJo CTonuon H )J.51J."CO Cromr DeTpoe, c. KaMcuo none
BpaTaTa ca OTBopeHtt H tieTHliKbT HJIH Ky.l{a-6aw1una BJIH3a, a
CJie)l. Hero KoJie)l.apuIne. Te ce Hape:>K,llaT Ha ){Be cTpattH, a no cpe)laTa
HM e tieTHHK'hT H IlOtIBaT CBOJITe neCHH.
KoJie)lapCKHTe neCHH B H.HKOH Kl>ll.J,H ca rroBeqe, B HHKOH 110-MaJJ-
Ko; TOBa 3aBHCH n1>pBo OT 3aMO:>KHOCTTa Ha 3a.n.pyraTa HJIH ceMeHCTBO-
TO, OT 'IHCJIOTO Ha qJJeHoBeTe n ceMeikTBOTO, OT o6mecTBeHOTO ITOJIO-
)KCHHe Ha .l{OMOBJla.l{HKaTa, a BTopo - OT :>KeJiaHHeTo Ha caMHH )lOMO-
BJTcUUlKa.
Haif-Hanpe.l{ me IrnneHT neceHTa, nocseTeHa Ha 3aApyraTa, Ha
~eMeftc, DOTO, Ha KbI.UaTa H3o6mo.

u"Kona.ae ne, MOH Kona.11e" ce noeTapR cne.A eceKH CTHx.

17.. KonaAe ne, MOH 1(011a.11e" ce noeTapn cne,q BCCKH CTHx.
432 11,HMHT'bP MA PH HOB

T p e Ta neceH

DeceH Ha K'hlllaTa
(MeJI0.11.HHTa c MHoro Hrpttea; noJJ,o6Ha e Ha TaH e C6HY, XI, 44, N2 6.)

J,farpSI.110 e .HCHO CJI'bHU.e, 6eJIOC3HH, H3IlHC3HH .

,,KoJia.n.e Jie"B
Ta orp.HJIO e.i:J.Ho .n.pnsu.e.
E.zi.Ho .npoau.e CTOJioeaTo,
CToJIOBaTo~ Bp'bX0BaT0.
CT0J10sere lIHCTO cpe6po,
KJioHoseTe cyxo 3JiaTo,
B pnllleTo MY cit:TeH 6Hcep.
flo.n. .ll.'bpBOTO e)l.Ha xy60CT,
TpH qepKOBH 6eJioCaH~,
:HsnHTa OT .ll,H]lO
c. Tio;teec, KapH06aAcKo
· E.n.tta qepKea 3a seceJI6ap
no HBaH,l{eH, BO.ll.OKP'hlll.JI.
.llpyra qepKBa 3a settqaaKa,
MJial{H MOMU.H C MJ13,llH 6y JlKH.
TpeTa 11epKBa 3a Kp1>maaKa·,
3a Kp1>w.asKa . M'b~KH .ll.ena.
l(oJIKO 3Be3;J.H no He6oTo,
ToJIKO 3,llpase B Ta.ff K'bIIJ.3.
U.aKO, KOJIH6HTe l(aMeH ){OJI; ,1lOD'bJIHHJI .11.HJ(O l('bHbO,

CJie.n. TaH neceH, aKo K'hW.aTa He e MHoro11eJrn.n.Ha H aKo He e 3a-

M0}KH3·, 'lleTHHK'bT 3H~a KpaBaH H 6JJarocJiaB.sL AKO JIH K'bll{3T3 e MH0ro-
'lleJIH,IJ.Ha ll ,II.OM0BJT3.IJ.HK3T3 saeMa BH.IJ.H0 o6w.ecTBeHo IlOJI0}KeHue, KaKT0
cnoMeHaxMe n no-rope, Toraea KoJTe.n.apuuTe ocaeH ropHaTa neceH w.e
.H3IleHT ow.e HHK0JIK0 cnope.n. Il0JI0}KeHHeT0 Ha .IJ.0M0BJI3.II.HKaTa H Hero-
B0T0 }KeJiaHHe.
THH neCHH ca MH0ro H 33 rH H3JiaraM TyKa nope.n. BCHqKH C
TSIXHOT0 pa3Hoo6pa3HO -C'b,Il.'bp:>Kan:ue.

q e T .e 'b p T a n e c eH

Ha .IJ.0M0BJIMHKaTa HSo6w.o, T. e. Ha :eceKH . ceJI'.HHHH

(MeJIOJlHH, no;to6Ha Ha . Tasi: B CLHY, XI, 44, N2 6.)

CTatteHHHe, rocno,ll.HHe, H3 os.n.oJie, . Qsqo noJie:

fOCilO,ll.HHC, 60JIHpHHe! · KOJia,!l.e Jie
KOJia.zi.e .11e OBU.HTe TH H3HfHHJIH,
,lloopo yrpo, 60JIHpHHe!

Uo6op CMe TH r Jiac )J.0HeJIH Bee HM>HIJ,a B3KJIOlll3TKH~

18,,Kona,Ae · ne" ce noeTapn cJie;\ ecexH cnu.

p£JIHI'H03HH OliHl/AH
433
Bee OBllHUH 6eJiornaTKH, 113 xy6aso Ll.p.HHo no.11e:
Bee OBHOBUH BHT0p01KKH. KpasuuH ce H3Te.TIHJIH,
KoJia.IT.e Jie KoJia)l.e ne
Jlo6'hp CMe TH rJiaC )l.OHe_JIH Bee KpaBHUH 6eJI06ocKH",.

J.13 OTrope, H3 Mopaea:

" 51 BOJIOBUH eJielPJOBUH.
" ,,
Ko6HJIKM TH H3)K)l.pe6HJIH, LI.o6op CMe TH rJiac JI.OHeJJH
,,
Bee KOH'leTa 3JiarorpHBH; l13 xy6aao TpoHO noJie:
" ,, '

Bee K06HJIKH .neaorpHaKH, Kou1apH TH M3pbHJJH

Jle.BorpHB.XH, KOHJIOrpHBKH' Bee nqeJJHUH, BC€' neeau.H;

51 KOHhOBUH naTaHOrH, Bc.HKa ntJe.na, JIHBa nqena,.

ITaTaHora, BMxporbHM. 8C.HK8 HOCH Ha HO)KHU8,

.il.o6op ct.re TH rnac it;ae.1u1 Ha HO.>KHUa no Jib)KHUa,

OT nJiaH11tta, oT erpeuH: Ha rJiaB:m.r;a no n~HHua.
,, "
I(03HllH TH C~ R3.K03HJIH, Bc.HKa HOCH no )KbJITHU.a.

Bee sipeHua npaaoporH; Te6e nee-M, .JtOMaKnne,

Bee K03HUH »
BHTOpO)KKH, .UoMaKHHe, 60.1u1pnHe.
,,.
51 npbtlOBUH .Hptiopo.>KK;. KoJIKO see3)l.H no ue6oTo,

Jlo6bp CMe TH rJiaC JI.OHeJIH ToJIKO sJipaae B TaH KbUJ.a.

r ,,

H3nS1n .D.SIJlO MHJIO c KaMeHo noJie a .non'l-JIHHJia 6a6a MHqa HnHA'-leBa· ..

c. I<o3 a:p, B~Jt-eae. Cp.s. ea'pH.aHTHTe e C6HY, I, 3, 4,. 5; HI, 5 , 23 ; IX, :4

TT e. T a necea

k}d Axo )l.OMOBJia.zt.HKaTa MHHaBa KaTO nacrnp, T. e. CTa;:t.HHK, axo

a
MHoro . OBUH. .
TpJ16Ba .na ce 3Hae qe BCeKH CeJiflHHH pa6orn BeHqKHTe· DOJICKB
Pa<SOTH H HMa OT BCWIKH~e po~oae JI.OMaillHH >KHBOTHH, o6aqe BCeK~ e
28
 434 •
v1JfMHT1>P MAPHHoa

HJIII noeeqe 3eMJie,n:e.neu., HJIH rroeeqe CKOTOB'b,n:eu.. Toaa e 6Hno HRKora

a Tosa e H cera. AKo o6aqe 38.Z{pyraTa e MHoro1.1e.n.H,n:Ha, T_ . e. HM~
MHoro CHH0Be, ToraBa HMa CHHOBe, KOHTO H3KJIIOqHTeJIHO ca CK0T0B'bA-
ll.H, a .a.pyrHTe ca H3KJIIOlJHTeJIHO 3eMJie,n:eJilI,H.

(f.1eJIOAHH , n'o.ZJ.o6ua Ha Tasi: n C6HY, VI , 75, Nil).

- CTaHeHHHe, rocrrO.[lifHe, IOrtttJ ,n:p'hHKa 3JiaTo 3BbHe[(,
fOCTTO.[lH He, 60JIHpHHel Ta npHrJia11Ia Ha Kaaana;
l(oJia.n:e, J(onane ne,1 9 Hafr-rro.l{Hpe CT0 oaqapu,
flpHII3.l{H3JI3 TbMHa M'brJia CTo oaqapu c KPHBH rerH.
no IlJiaHHHa, rro PY.ll.HHa; CHBO cTa,n:o 3aqeneea,
Ty rrpm1a.n:a, Ty ce B.II.Hra. 3aqenesa, 3aKpHJieBa
He e 6Hna TbMHa MbtJia, I1o nJiaHlfHH, no py.l{HHH.
Ho e 6HJIO Hoi-iKo oBqap, Hoft:Ko cs11p11, Ta pa3MaMea,
HoiiKo OBtJap c'cHso cTa)lo: Ta pa3MaMna H pa3epama
lleaeT XHJIH.ll carMaJIHU.H, CHBO cTa)(o no PYJlHHa,
Ow.e _
T OJIKO3 HJIOBHU.H ; No PYJlHHa, no 3eJietto
.lleBeT XHJIH)l BaKJIH OBHH' 11 rH BO.ll.M KpaH e3epo,
Ow.e TOJIK03 IllHJienrHa. Kpaii e3epo caMOBHJICK0
Hanpe,n: BbpBH HoiiKO osqap )la rH nou U.H6pa so.n:a.
11 no Hero IOrHtJ oeeH; Te6e neeM, cTaHeHHHe,
Ha BpaTa MY 3JiaTo 3Bbaeu.. Te6e neeM, 6ora XBaJIHM,
HoiiKo CBHpH c Me.zteH Kasan, Xaii aa 3,ll.paae, .n:or..1a~HHel

113TIHJI .l{Sl){O ll.aKO, KOJIH6HTe I(aMeH JJ.OJI. llon'hJIHHJIH: JJ.Sl]J.O I('bHbO, C,

IloJJ,rec, H 6a6a Mopcpa, c • .llepeKbOH. Cps. sapHanTHTe B C6HY, II, 1, 6; 111.
21, 22; V, 7, 14, 15; VI, 5; VIII, 7, 18, 26; XIII, 7

IIJecTa rrecea
Ha opall, T. e. 3a.II.pyra, )leTo 3eMJie)lenHeTo e rJia~aoro 3aHHTHe
HJIH Il'bK HMa Mb.>Ke, H3KJll011HTeJIHO opa11H.
(Meno.nHH com.a, xaKBaTo B C6HY, VI, 79, N2l 1.)

- CTaHeHHHe, rocrrO)lHHe, Opaa opaT JlO nJia)lHHHa,

CTaHeHHHe, cTap cTapeiio!
XeH Kona)le ne, MOH J(oJia)le nel
Dpot1yn MH ca cTap CTapeHo,
t.Je. CH HMa )leBeT CHHa.
XeH Kona)le Jie, MOH Kona)le Jie!
Te · CH opaT c ,zteBeT pana
11 CH ceHT qepH0KJiaCKa.
Xeu Kona)le Jie, MOH KoJia.l{e Jie.
Or IIJia,l(HHHa nose KOIIaT.
XeH KoJia)le Jie, MOH Kona)(e ne.
,[{a)le rocno)l, Ta ce po.n:H:
)l('bJITO :>KHT0, PYHHO BHH0.
XeH Kona)(e Jie, · MOH Kona.l{e ne.
Ta HanbJIHH cTap cTapefm,
IlleCT cnpnHH :>K'bJIT0 >KHTO,
,UeneT 6btIBH pyHHO BHH0.

19,.KonaJJ.e, Kona.11e ne" ce uosTapH c.neA sceKH )lBa cTHxa.

P E JI 11 I' H O 3 H H O 6 H 'I A 11 435
Xeii KoJiaAe Jie, MOH KoJiaA e Jie Ta HanpaBH cpe6p o KOJia
JlaAe rocno.n cywa npoJieT: 11 CKOBa CH 3Jl3TO paJIO. '
He poJlH ce .>K'hJITo .>K HTo, Xeii ·KoJia.ne .r1e, MOH KoJia.ne Jie
)Kb."ITO .>KHTO, PYHHO BHHO, Te6e neeM, cTap CTapeiio,
Xe fl KoJia)le Jie, MOH KoJia.ne Jie Te6e neeM, 6ora xsanHM.
TipoJlaBaJI e CTap crapei io Xeii KoJia.ne Jie, MOH KoJia.ne Jie.
KpnHa .>KHTO no .>K'bJITHU.a, KoJIKO 3Be3AH no tte6oTo,
Mepa BHHO ABe .>K'bJITHU.H. TOJIKO 3,llpaae B TaH KbI.U8.
XeH KOJia.ne Jie, MOH KoJia.ne Jie. Xeii KoJia,ne Jie, MOH KoJia.ne Jie.
H3nSIJI e .AR.AO U.aKo, KOJIH6HTe l(aMeH ,AOJI; ,AOffbJIHHJI .AR.AO
feoprH , C'.
BpyceH , TeTeBeHcKo. Cps. oapHaHTHTe C6HY; I, 3; IV, 9

Ce.nM a nece H
AKo .noMoBJiaztHKaTa e xo.nu-n - Ha CBe'rft ropa.
(Me.110.ztHR, no.zto6na na TaH u C6HY, XI, 44, N!!6.)
- CTaHeHHHe, rOCOO.l{HHe, flnpBH TOBap BCe Jl'b.>KHUH,
KoJia.ne Jie 2
° Kona.ne ne
Tocno.nutte, 6onHp Htte! Bee JI'h>KHUJ{ caeToropCKH,
., "
IloKaH H ce 6oJIHp naeeJ I CneToropCKH qeMrnHpOBH;
"
,llpyrH TOBap 6poeHHUH~
.lta OTH.zte CaeTa ropa;
6poeHHUH CBeToropCKH,
"
TToKaHH ce, He oTHJle.
.,
f nae MY HOCH nayH IlHJie: CeeToropcKH ce.ne<f>eHH.
" " .
TpeTH Tosap .>K'bJITH maMnH
.Xaii.ne, xaii.ne, 6onHp naene !

.llsa Toeap a CHTHH acnpu , TToKaHH ce .na OTH,nem,

" Ha xy6aoa CaeTa ropa;
"
ipeTH TOBap BCe .>K'bJIT HllH,

" TTOK8H H ce, He OTH,ne .

.A qeTB'bpTH .npe6eH 6Hcep.

Xaii.n.e, xafl.n.e,
"
6onS1p naene !
Ila OTHAe CseTa ropa,
"
i a e ce)tSIJI TpH fO.ll,HH H. Jla OTH.n.ew CseTa ropa ."
,,
.JloA.z:te speMe .z:ta ce Bpoma . " ,
Torac CTaHa 6oJrnp naane
,,
HaToa apH TPH Toeapa : HaTos apH .n.ea Toeap a,

2-0 ,,KoJiaA e Jte" ce DOBTapR CJle)J. BCeKH CTHX .

486 iJ. H M 11 T 'b P . M AP H H ·o R

Ila CH CTH-tffa_· l~BOH )(Bop lt', . Ta c11 .napli ,no6pif 'toCTH;

Ta noKaRH .neaeT ·ce.11a, Kona){e :ne
Kona.ne n·e• BCSIKOM )J.a,l{e ,l{06pa .napa,
,UeBeT cena .no6pH tocT~:
Tio JI'b:>Kl;IU8 , H .mf III.3Mil3,
na CH . CJIO>Kif ·TPH ·Tpaneal-i,

lliecTop~.nH, . ce.nMonoi11'A·," 11 ceA~q>eHa ...6poeaHua ...

ra . HarOCTH ..iJ.o6p.H.. r.QCTH." Te6e neeM,. 6onS1pHHe_

!

Ila CH rneTHa HH3 Tpane3H, Te6e neeM, 6ora xBaJIHM.

HsnHJI e )lH)lO Ko.iibO, c·. l(oJIH(>H~e. TpbHHCKO; )lOTT'bJIHHJI H )lH)J.O .K'bHbO,.

c. IlO)lBec. CpB. BapHaliTHll C6HY, ·11, 12;· III, 6; v,-·u

0 c .M .a n -e c e H

AKO-B 3a,ll.p)'TaTa :RMa M'b:>Ke, npotiyTH KaTO xpa6peuH,- HJIH TaKI{•

Ba, KOHTO ca BOHHHUH, T. e. B.QHHH-nH B TypcKaTa BOHCKa. ,llHecKa ce
nee Ha cny:>1<HJIH _.B'b.B :,BoiicKa'ta: · ·

(MeJio)lHsr, no)lo.6tta Ha TaH B C6HY, XI, 44, .N'26~)

- . CTaHeHHHe~ focno'Auae, ,Ua · aaMHHe· uapK> ·xaSHa.·

Kona,l{e ne21 . · Kona)J.e ne
rocnoAifHe~ 66nS1pHA:e! ~ap Hsilpa~~a Ao neT KHTKH",u
"
l1MaJI Tieiio ·.no · neT CHHa, "
,Uo ner KHTKH .CHJIH'a.. BOikKa

" . . ,,
,Uo neT CHHa, iieT· ·cOKOJia, ,Ua nory6Ht IleiioBHre,

neT .COKOJia, net j(eJJH·H".

»
DeiioBtfre )l.b lleT CHHa.

" . . ,,
Te' · ae .zi.aBaT uapio· ,rnpatI. CTHrHaJIH ·ca .no neT KHTKH.
" . ,. .
3aaapAHJih 7pH KiHcypH, Ha nem>BH . paBHH .,l{BOpH.
"
,,.
Ta ae )).aBai' ,na aaMHile, TioqyKaJtil qeMwHp nop'i'H,.

21
.. KoJia)le ne" ce DOBTapH CJie)l BCeKH CTHX ..
22 Kum,ca TYK osHaqaBa XHJUilo _. )lyw·H B6fuiilu.H.
P._£.f! H_ I' -H O 3 H H .0 5 .Jt. 'l, AH 437
noa:uKanH ~Tapu IleK.. OTH~oxa no IlJiaHHHH.
· : KonaJJ.e ne ·KoJia.l{e ·Jie
J13ne3HaJI -e cTapH -Oeflo; ,lla ,np0ff3.l{aT BpaHH. K0He, .
.,, . ,,,
flonHT.aJIH qoXa.l{apu: : ,lla ,HaJI0BSIT ,.l{pe6Ha'. $IOl,a,
. . ·-;~· _.\
- "
0~ Te Te6e, CTapH Oeiio, ,llpe6ija J10B3 sipe6HUH.
-,,
,UeKa TH ca .JJ;0 neT cQaa, Ow.' no:-.npe6Ha npenepuuu.
,,
"
,Uo neT CHHa, neT .l{~J.IHH, Toaa Ileflo w.o HSJJ.yMa,
.. ,,
IUo ca cnpenu TPH KJIHcypH, EH qe H.l{aT JJ.0 neT cuea.
,,. ,,
J1.·He .l{aBaT JI.a. ja~:u-He. Pas:urpan:u apaau Ko~e, :
"'
,,
,Ua 3aMHHe Te}l{Ka Xa3Ha? PasaopTeJIH ocTpH ca6H,
,, ,,,
OTroaapH CTapll Ileflo:- Tiory6HJIH .l{0 _neT_ KH;TKH,
,;.
- OH BH u~pCKH qoxaJI.apuL .
"
. ,Uo neT KHTKQ C-HJIHa BOHCKa.
,, .,,
MoHTe CHHa, neT JI.eJIHH, . Te6e neeM, c-ra.p cTape_Ho,
,, . ,,
Bo3CeJI.Haxa_:BpaHH K0He. Te6e neeM~ oora XJ33JllfM.
. .
1-fanHJI SI JJ.HJJ.O KoJibO, c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKO. ,Uon-bJIHHJI sr JJ.HJJ.O_KaJitio,
c. ·fopHo TiaeJJHKeHH 1-1 JJ.SIJJ.o XpHcTo, c . KaKpHHa. Cpa. C6HY, V, 5 .

.lleaeTa neceH
Ha CeJICKH CTapefnn:uHa HJIH KMeT, JfJIH H3o6w.o Ha C'bB'bpllleHo
BJIHHTeJieH B U.HJI0T0 ceno, 6~ K0f0T0 ce He peIIIaBa HHIUO. B 3ana,l1.Ha_
BonrapaH ce n.s:1no Ha KHe3a.

(~eJIOAH~,
..
noJ.1.0611a Ha TaSI B C6HY,
. .· . .
VI, 75,. N2L)
- CTaHeHHHe focnOJI.HHe, _·_ ,U~t'He, ·6aile, 60.TisipilHel
KonaJJ.e, KonaJJ.e ne,~3 l.Jyn:u CMe ·te w -p as6pa:nu,
rocnOJJ.HHe, 60JIHpHHef-'. l.Je CH HMaIII MHJia CHHa~
JlownH ca MH JJ.O TPH KpaJiff, 3JiaTOKOCa, cpe6popoKa:
Jlo TPH Kpansi:, JJ.O TpH · 6aila; IlHIIIe MY ce U)lp ,lJ.a 61>,lI.e
Ha 6aHoB_K pa'BHH JJ.BO(Hi, Uap Ji.a 61>JI.e, · Kpan·- JJ.a CT~He~ ,
11 Ha 6aua np'6roeaps1T: Ta CMe AOWJIH )~a TO KaHHM,

ZB-. l(OJia,Ae, . Ko'.na.ite ne ·ce · fiOBTapst CJie)t BCeK-H CThX'

438 JlHMHT1,P MAPHHoe

,lla ro KaHHM uap .lla cTaHe, Jlo TpH KpaJIH OTroeapS1T:

Uap )J.a CTi;lHe;_ KpaJI .)J.a mite. - ,lla;i. ro, .llaii ro, .llan eoiieo,nof
naii ro, .)J.aH ro, ·)la He 6aHe, TaMo CMe CH .llO Tpu Kpam1,
JlaHe 6aHe, 6oJIHpnHe, Jlo TpH KpaJISI, J(o TPH 6atta.
C Hae .lla .llOH.lle, uap .D.a 60.net E,nHH ·w.e ro Ha KOH K3'1H,
JlaH 60JIHpHH OTroaapH: ,llpyrH w.e MY BOHCKa pe.nu,
11MaM' HMaM 6'bx He JIOBH' TpeTH w.e MY n'bT onpaa.H,
AJia MH e ow.e M3Jl'bK; A BOHBO.llH 6oii w.e 6HHT.
He w.e Mo:>1<e KOH .na H3.llH, Te6e neeM, )latte 6aHe,
KoH .ll8 Ha.nu, aoiicKa pe.nu; Te6e neeM, 6ora xeaJIHM!
He w.e MO:>Ke Il'bT onpaaS1; KoJIKO aeea)lH no ue6oTo,
He w.e MO:>Ke 60ft: .na 6ue. ToJIKO 3.llpaee B TaH K'blll,a.
H3nHJI JJ.RJJ.O Konbo, c. KonH6HTe, TpoHHCKO . .llon-bJIHHJI H JJ.HJJ.O KnHbo,
c. no)J.Bec, AiiTOCKO • .llon'bJIHHJIH H .ow,e: 6a6a neTpOBHUa, C. 6pyceH; 6a6a
C'b6a 6oii11eaa, c. Jiecu)J.peH, TeTeaeucxo. Cpe. aapuaHTH B C6HY, I, 12; 11, 17;
11, 20; V, 6; VIII, 21; X, 4; XII, 4; AT. Hn. N'!!27, 55, 69, 95

Ha MOM'bK
8 K'bW.3, ,neT0 HMa M0M'bK 33 :>KeHeHe, K0J1e)lapu1ne ca H8fJI3CHJIH
HHK0JIK0 necHH. OT THX Te H3IT.HB3T caM0 e)J.Ha. THXHOTO C'b.ll'bP)l(8HHe e
JIIOOOBHO (aa mo6oB) H IOH8llIKO (38 6op6a H IOH8llIKH ITO)J.BH3H); B THH
nocJie)lHHTe, IOH8llIKH neCHH, ce B'b3nHB8T 0HHH IOH3llIKH no)J.BH3H, 3a
K0HT0 roeopHX no-rope 33 IOH8UHTe.
A3 38IlHC8X oceM T3KHB8 necHH 38 M0M'bK. TpH H3Ilff ,!J,H,!J,O
KoHho, c. ITo.llBec; .llpyru TPH MH HanHxa .llSI.llO AoTo, c. KaMeHo none,
u .llH.ll.O .llout10, c. KaKpHtta; a .npyru .D.Be MH H3nH .llH.llO UaKo, c. Konu-
6HTe, KaMeH .llOJI.
THH oceM necHH ca:

.lleceTa neceH

BpaHKO IOH3K H CJl'bHUero

(Me.110AHH, no)J.06Ha ua TaH B C6HY, VI, 75, N'd.)

noxeaJIH ce BpaHKo IOHaK, ,llo11yJ1a ro CJI'bHUY cec-rpa

24
KoJia.D.e JJe, MOH KoJia)J.e,
CHOW.H ee11ep Ha KJia)J.euuu
11 npe.n MOMH, H npe.n MOMUH,
lie CH HM8 .llOOpa KOH.SI,
,llo6pa KOHH, BHXpOfOHH;
BuxpH aeTpH Ha.ztHrpaea,
Ha~urpaea ~ H8,IJ.f0HBa.
TOH CH MO:>Ke HCHO CJI'bHUe
Jla HaA6'bp3H, AB H8)1.MHHe.
11 Ha CJI'bHUe nporoaapH:
- Oil Te CJI'bHUe MHJIH 6pareu
noxeanu 'ce Bpa~Ko 10uaK
CHOUI.H eeqep Ha KJia,neHUH
11 npe.ll MOMH, u npe,ll MOMUH,
4e CH HMa ·.llOOpa KOHSI,
Jlo6pa K0HH , BHXporoHH;
BHXpH BeTpH Ha~HrpaBa,
5ICHO CJI'b·Hue H8AMHH8B8.

2
• ,nyMHTe ,,l(onaAe ne. MoA KonaAe" ce noerapHT cne;i. eceKH crHX.
p 11 JI H r' H O 3 H H _0 B H 'I A H
Cn»Hue BpaHKY nporoeapH:
- - Oit Te Te6e, BpaHKO IOHaK!
TioxBaJIHJI CH ce CHOW.H seqep,
CHOW.H BE'qep Ha KJia,ZJ.e1n1.H
li npe,ZJ. MOMH t H npe,ZJ. MOM UH'
'-le CH »Malll .n.o6pa KOt-lH,
no6pa KOH.ff, BHXporOHH;
BuxpH aeTpH Ha,ZJ.HrpaBa,
51CHO CJlbHUe Ha)l.MHHaBa.
na CH )J.OH,ZJ.em yTpe patto
TaMo JlOJIY Ha H3TOKa,
neKa CJibHUe por J-I3)1.aBa,
na Cit CTOpHM . BHpa, KJJeTBa,
BHpa, KJJeTBa, BepeH o6JJor,
na Ce ,ZJ.B3M3 H3)1.6bp3B3Me.
AKO MeHe _ TH Ha,ZJ.6bp3HllI,
na MH 3eMelll MHJI3 CeCTpa,
MuJia cecTpa, HCHa 3se3.n.a.
AKO JIH 'Ie a3 Ha)l.6bp3aM,
Ila TH aeMa BpaHa KOHH.
Ka - e 6HJIO cyrpHH paHo;
Bbace.n.HaJI e BpaHKO 10HaK,
B'b3ce.n.ttaJI e · cBOH BpaHKO,
Ila OTH)J.e TaMO .ZI.OJIV, -
TaMo .n.oJI.y Ha H3TOKa,
lia H3TOKa, Ha KpaH 3eMH,
neha CJibHUe por H3.Zl.3Ba,
Por H3)1.aBa .zia H3rpee.
HanpaBHJIH BHpa, KJieTaa,
BH pa, KJie'I aa, :eepett o6no r.
Ila TpbrHaJIH )I.a ce 6bp-3.SIT.
CnbHUe 6»p3H Ha He6eTo, ·
BpaHKO 6bp3H Ha - 3eMHTa.
Cn»Hue CTHrHa Ha 06.H,na,
BpaHKO IOH3K . Ha IlJI3.ZI.HHH3.
3a6H Kone, . Bbp3a KOHR'
Ila CH JierHa )I.a IlO'-IHHe.
Ka CH nerHa, TOH aaycHa.
CnnHUf> CTHrHa Ha 33XO)J.a,
BpaHKO IOHaK He ce 6y.ZJ.H.
HsnHJI H mui.o KoHbO, c. no.noec, JJ.OffhJIHH~ e AS\AO )J,eH'-lo, ('. KaKpHHa.
Cpe. eapHHTH B COHY, I-II, 12; XII, 3; XIII, 10; AT. 11JI. N!! 6, 56
439
B paHK0 UBHJIH, 3eMH Kon a;
XeM CH UBHJIH, xeM roBOpH:
-- CTaHH, cTaHH, BpaHKO 10HaKI
Or_H)J.e TH BpaHH KOH.HI
CJibHUe CTHrHa Ha 3axo,ZJ.a,
HHH CMe ome Ha nna.nHHHa.
Ilpo6y.ZJ.H ce BpanKo 10HaK,
na Bb3Ce)J.Ha CBOH , BpaRKO.
Bb3ce.n.Ha· ro, pa3Hrpa ro.
5ICHO CJibHUe Ha 33XO)la,
EpaHKo IOHaK CJI'hHUY nopTH,
CJibHUY nopTH, Ha Kpatt 3eMH.
TToTponaJI e t.teMun1p-nopTH,
113Jie3HaJia CJibHUY cecTpa,
Cnoiiuy cecTpa, HCHa. 3Be3)la,
11 Ha BpaHKa nporosapsi:
- OH Te, Bpm-1.Ko, .no6bp 10HaK,
CJie3 OT KOHH .n.a noqHHern!
OTrosapH BpaHKO 10HaK:
- OH Te 1e6e, CJI'bHUY cecTpa,
CJJ1>HU~ cecTpa, HCHa 3Be3J(a
5J no.n.aH . MH CTV.LJH3 BO)la,
lla pa3Ksaca cyxo rop.1101
noa1>pHa ce CJI'hHU.Y cecTpa,
Ta .n.oHece CTV,ZJ.Ha Bona.
11 Ha BpaH1«i l!allla )laBa.
BpaHKO ao.n.a He en rne.n.a,
Ho CH rne.n.a CJibHUY cecTpa.
Toii n_o cerHa c )J.HCHa poKa,
Ta YJIOBH 3a pnttHua,
3a p'bJ-IHU.a, npe3 noJIOBHHKa,
11 H MeTHa B CBOH ciyTH,
11 CH Tportta ·no JJ.PYMOBe.
Hacpew.a MY HCHO cn1 Hue •
11 Ha BpaHKa nporosapH:
- - LI.o6pa cpema, BpaHKO IOHaKl
TH H3)lMHHa HCHO CJl'bHll.e,
HeK TH xa.11aJI CJioHUY cecTpa.
Te6e neeM, .n.o6op IOHaK,
TE-6e ne_eM, 6ora XBaJIHM .-
440 P. H M H T 1, P M A P H H .0 B

E~HHaAeceTa neceH

Pa6po IOHaK C KOHH CH naJIH H racH r10pnoMrpaAa

(MeJIOAl'HTa e noAo6Ha Ha TaH e C6HY, XI-, 44, N26.)

- ·CTatteH11tte, rocno,l.{HHe, Pa6po IOH3K He CKJIOHHBa.

KoJia)le Jie25
rocnO.lIHHe, 60JIH pm-1e!
3a)laJia ce HCHa 3Be3,l.{a
HH3 xy6aao pasuo rroJie,
Kpafl xy6aaa nopr101\1rpaJ.ta.
He e 6HJia HCHa- 3Be3J.t3, ·
Ho e 6HJIO .Lto6op 101-1ak,
l(o6op IOHa.ij:, Pa6po IOHaR:
C CBOH KOHH, BHXOfOHH.
l(OHH 60JJ.e, KOH Bb3.l1Hilla,
l(oH Bb3.llHilla CHH-6HJI naM'hI{,
ll(e 38IIaJIH r10pr10Mrpa)la.
l13Jie3ttaJitt ca r10pr10M5i HU.H,
r10pr10MHHIUI CTapH xopa, .
Ta ce Pa6py MHJIHO MOJiflT:
- OA: Te Te6e, Pa6po JOHaK!
He ropH HH f10pr!0Mrpa)la.
ll{e Te ,ltapHM )lo6pa nap6a:
TpH TOBapa ·cyxo 3JiaTo.
KoHfl 6o)le, . KOH Bb3,ltHllla,
Kott Bb3.llHllla CHH-6HJI nJiaMbK,
Ta I.IJ.e naJIH f10pr10Mrpa.na .
J13Jie3HaJIH ca noprlOMHHKH,
f10pnoMHHKH CTapi-f 626H,
Ta ca· P a6py MHJIHO MOJIHT:
- Off Ta Te6e, )l06op JOHaK,
He naJIH HH f10pr10MrpMa,
III,e Te -.ll~PHM )lo6pa .l(apa;
Haif-xy6aaa r10pr10MHHKa,
fI-oprlOMHHKa, MaJIKa MOMa.
CKJIOHH MH ce Pa6po 10HaK.
KoHH 60.Lte, KOH H3.llHllla,
Kott H3.ltHllla TbMHa MbrJia,
ToMHa MbrJia, CHTHa poca,
Ta yracH r10pr10Mrpa,lta_.
Tia CH 3eMa M3JIKa MOM3.
Te6e neeM, .no6op .101-1aK, .
Te6e neeM,.· 6ora xaaJIHM.

H3nHJI .iu1.n;o- Knii&o, c. TTo.n;sec; .ii;on'bJIHH.'I H .ztHAO I(oJI&o, c. KOJIH6Hte,

TpoHHcKo. Cpe. eapHaHT e C6HY; VIII, 14.

ll~aHa)leCeTa neceH
Ile11o IOHaK roHH cyp-eJieHa
Tiee Ce Ha BOHBO)la, Ha CeJIHHl:lH, KOHTO 06Hlla )la H3)lH Ha· KOH·
H Aa XO)lH Ha JIOB . .llHeCKa ce nee Ha oqmu.epHH.
(MeJio,nHsi:, no.u,o6Ha Ha TaH n C6HY, XI, .M16 .)
- · CTaHeHHHe, rocno)lHHe, OIII. no-CHTHa nperrepHuH.
l(ona)le Jie26 He HaH)le CH ,ltpe6Ha noea,
focno)lHHe, f.onHpm:1c! I-lo H3Kapa cyp-eneHa.
l13H3.l(HJI -e Tieiio IOHaK, . H3Kapa ro, no.l(rOHH ro,
l13H3)lHJI e spaHa KOHH, no nJiaHHHH, no PY.llHHH,
no nJiaHHHH, no PYJ.tHHH no ycolf, no npHCOH.
Ila CH JIOBH ,ltpe6tta noaa, Tieiio rOHH, eJ1eH 6Hra.
llpe6Ha JIOBa .s1pe6HU.K, Enett 6~1:ra, H83M rne)la

26 ,,KonaAe ne" ce no~TapH cJieA eceKH cTHX.

ze .. KoJiaJ.{e Jie", ce JIOBTapHT CJie,l.{ BCeKH CTHX.
PBRH I'H03H H OBH'I AH
M H3 ITeH nporoaa pH:
- Oii Te Te6e, TTeiio IOHaK!
He MOpH C,H apaHH KOHH t .
Br.>aiia KOHR H caM ce6e!
He CbM eneH 3~ JIOaeHe.
He C'bM eneH 38 .neH p 8CbJI,
He c1>M eneH e)lHOro)leu.;
Ho CbM eneH Tpoero)le u..
A3 CbM eJieH OT KOUiyTa,
Or KOll.-lyra IlbpBOTeJIKa,
' n1,psoTeJIK·~. IlbpBeCKHHH.
TpH rO.l{HHH MJIHKO CHCaJI,
MJIHKO CHCaJI, Tpesa naCbJI,
no nJiaHHHH, no PY.LU-IHH.
CoJI CbM JIH3aJI no KopM».rrn,
no K'bpMHJia HJIOBapCKH.
.Bo)lw nHHJI no e3epa,
no e3epa CaMO8HJ1CKH.
He MOJK MeHe TH ){8 CTHrHem.
HH )la CTHrHern, HH )la XBaHeUI
Ile.HO IOHaK OTrOBapH:
- B.Hraii, 6R:raii, cyp-eJieH e!
J1 )la 6Hrarn, ma Te xsaHa.
KoH MH He e 33 ,lleH pac1>JI;
KoH MH He e epHoro)J eu.
Ho e pac1>n 33 TPH. ro)lHH.
MnHKO CHCaJI OT aTKHHa,
Or 3TKHHa nbpBeCKHHa,-
IlopBeCK HHa, 111>pBO.>t<.Ape6Ka.
TpH ro)lHHH 306 e 306an,
306 e 306an, 306 t"en HH.
Bo.l{3 noe~ pyifHo BHHO.
441
BH-raH, 6HraH, me Te cTkrHa.
ITo)lrOHH ro H cr.:>HH· ra,
T aTbK .l{ony Ha 6eJIHJIKH,
K oM 6eJIHJIKH, K'hM nepHJIKH;
.LleKa MOMH nJiaTHa 6eJiffT,
lleKa 6yJtKH pH3H nepa-r-.
ITpoBHK Ha ce ITe110 10HaK: .
- Oii BH sa3e, MaJIKH MOMH,.
MaJIKH MOMH, cecTpH )ta CTe;
H BH 6yJIKH, CHaXH )la CTe.
Pa3npJ1ra11Te 6enH nnaTHa,
BeJIH TTJiaTH3, TbHKH ·pH3H,
HanpaPe Te BHTa cTp1>ra
BeJIH nJiaTHa, TbHKH pH3H,
y JIOBHJIH cyp-eJieH a. .
BceKHMY e )lHJI6a ·)leJIHJI:
Ha BCH MOMH, Ha BCH 6yJlKH;
MoMa BH)lH )lHJI He CTHrHa.
BHKHa MOMa, Ta 33nJ1aKa .
ITporoea pH . ITeiio IOHax:
- M1>JiqH, MbJitJH, BH)lo . MOMe!
.lla ynoBHM cyp-eneH a!-
BceKHMY me )lHJI6a )lCJIH.
· Pa3nper Haxa 6en1-1 11naTna,
A3 C'bM caMCH )lHJI Ha Te6e,
A3 Ha Te6e, TM Ha MeHe.
Ila CH certta C .l{HCHa poKa,
Ta H XBaHa 11pe3 nOJIBHHK a,
11 H MeTHa OTnpe.l{e CH,
H 3aae)le a cso1-1 .LtBOpH.
Te6e neeM, .u.o6op 10HaK,
Te6e 11eeM, 6ora .xe~JIHM.

1-fanHJI .ztHAO KoJibo, c. KoJIH6HTe, , Tp0Huc1w ; ,noniJJHHJI ,nH,no Ko.no,

c. ITo,neec. Cps. sapHaHTH a C6HY, I, 14; III, 11, 12; IV, 13; V, 8, 1~3; XII,
4; XIII. 6 .

TpHHa )leCeT a neceH

llaHKo IOHaK 3HMa MoMa ,lleJIC)lHMKa

llaHKo 10aaK ce cro.nun 3a .u.esoHKa ,lleJie.U.HMKa ,u.oJIH03eMKa, na
IlOK8HHJI CJl'bHU.eTO, M:eC_eu.a, 3Be3)lHTe If 6eJIHH B.RTop, a TaKa C'MJJ.o no-
KaHHJI H CBeTH 11JIHH rpoMOBHHK, JfJIH rpoMOJJOMHHK. ,lleJie)lHMKa e OT
)lOJJHHH CBHT.
442 llHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

M ·TaH neceH e e,n.Ha oT 10Ha11JKHTe HH necHH. H a11J1u1T 10HaK IlaHKo

OTHBa B ,ZI.O.TTHHH CBHT .H OTTaMo B3eMa MOMa .Ue.n.e)l.HMKa .
•
• (..Me.'lOAHSI, no,llo<5Ha Ha Tasr a C6HY, XI, 44, .N'!!6.)

CTaHeHHHe, rocrrOAHHe, Kona.ne JJe, f OCilO)l.1-lHe,

Kona.n.e nef
nocro)l.l-lJI ce, Kona.n.e JJe .UaHKO 10HaK, KOJia,n.e Jle
3a )l.eaoiiKa ,UeJJe)l.HMKa,
11.eJie)l.HMKa, AOJIHO3eMKa.
Ka ce cro.n.H, TOH ce BbpHa
11 Kaneca, H IIOKaHH:
5JCHO CJibHU.e 3a CTapa KyMa,
51 cett Meceu. 3a IlOAKyMa,
5JCHH 3Be3,ll.H 3a CBaXHU.H )t

'THX 6.HJI BHTbp_ 3a MHJI )l.eBep,

CseTH HJIHH rpbMOJJOMHHK,
3a no6a1Il,HM CTap CTapeH.
TTa OTHllJJIH B AOJIHa 3eMHH,
LI.a CH 3eMaT ,lleJie,DHMKa.
IlotJeKaJia rH fHHKa 3Meilu.a,
UotJeKana, HarOCTl{Jl8 .
SIJIH, IlHJIH AO TPH ,neHa,
TTa CH 3eJIH ,UeJie,ll.HMK8,
H JI.OEeJIH Ha .llaHKOBH,
Ha 11.aHKOBH paBHH )l.BOpH .
Te6e neeM, ,uo6bp 10HaK.
Te6e neeM, 6ora xaaJIHM .

],fansrJI H JlSl,ll.0 neHtJO, C. KaKpHHa; ,ll.0D'bJIHH.l H JlSIA0 naMHH Pores, C

BpaHHK, OpHXOBCKO. Cps. sapH3HTa C6HY, VII, 5

'lleT.HpHHa.n.ec eTa rreceH

naaen JOHaK ce croAHJI 3a MoMa npe3MQpKa, npe3 6.HJIO Mope,

H OTHBa Aa fl . B3eMe. TioKaHHJI naK CJI'hHUeTo, Meceua H THXHH 6.HJI BR·
Tbp (10ra) H CBeTH HJIHH rpbMOJIOMHHK.
(H3ml,11 SI' JtSIJt0 MKJIO CT0HH0B, c. 6SIJia CJiaTHHa, A0ffbJIHHJI SI ltSIA0 U.aKO,
c. KoJJH6HTe, KaMeH Jt0JI. Cpe. sapnaHTa e C6HY, V, 12.

IleTHa,n.eceTa rreceH

Xpa6po 10HaK HCKa .n.a 3eMe MOMa npe3MOpKa, npe3 6.SIJIO Mope,
Ho TypHaJIJ.1 MY TaK'hB o6nor: I.U.e 51 3eMe, aKo rrpennaaa 6.HJIOTO Mope.
p£JIJII 'H03HH OBH'IA H 443
Xpa6po JOHaK ce XBopJJHJJ B MopeTo H ro npenJJa sa.n, Ta ae{I M'~ Kara
M_OM3.
(HanRJI H ARAO K1>Hbo, c. no,11.eec; .11.on1»JIHHJI H AHAO JlaMRH Pores, c. Bpa-
HJIK. Cps. BapHaHTa e C6HY, III, 14:) · . · ·

Ha MoMa
flecHHTe, KOHTO ce ne.RT Ha MOMa, ca HaH-pa 3H006p a3HHTe ff
HaH-MHoro6poiiHHTe o-r BCHqKHTe KOJle)unt necHH.
A3 3anHca x .z:teceTHHa TaKHBa. OT T.RX TYK H3Jiafa M ueJJH caMo
HHK0JIK0, KOHTO HaMepHX 38 Haii-xy 6aBH H HHTepecHH.

lliecT Ha.z: teceT a nece u

MoMaTa npaBH o6nor c'hc CJJ'bHUeTo

(Me.110,llH R, cxo)lna c Taff e C6HY, XI, 44, M 5.)

00XB3JI H ce M3J1K3 MOMa, . Ta JJHqHJIH . no xy6ocT H.

eii KoJia.z:te ne, MOH Kona.z:te.
27 M0Ma no-xy6 asa,.
)lou.u.e _
lie e MOMa uaii-xy6 asa, flo-xy6 as~ OT CJl'bHUe TO,
Haif-xy6asa, naii-rHa.z:tasa; no-rua.z :tasa oT 6paTa MY,
flo-xy6aea OT CJI'bHUe To, OT 6paTa MY, oT Meceua .
no-rH3)].3Ba OT 6paTa MY, 3arpeH JIH .u.o ,ABe CJl'bHua:
Or 6paTa MY, OT Meceua . E.itHO CJI'bHUe Ha He60TO ,
.lle SI .z:toqy . .ffCH0 CJl'bHU,e, )lpyro CJl'bHUe Ha 3eMHT3 .
eii Kone.z:te ne, MOH KoJie,u.e.
28 Haro,pe JiH Konaiiu re,
Ta Ha MOMa nporoea p.R: Konaifk Te. no HHBHre;
- Oil re Te6e, MaJJKa MOMel Harope JIH )K'bTBapHre,
HeKa CT0pHM BHpa, KJleTBa: )K'bTBapHTe no nOJieTo,
.lla ce ,U.BaMa HHe JIHqHM, Koca!I.HTe no JJHBa.z:tH,
.lla ce JIHqHM, .z:ta ce KpacHM, Os11apute no nJiaJ{HHJ.l\a.
Or H3TOKa .z:to aana,u.a. flporos ap.R HCHO CJl'bHU,e:
BnesHa -M0Ma B'bB KenepH , - Mapil M0Me, ManKa M@Me.
Ta . o6neqe CBHJIHO pyxo · 51 BJre3HH CH B'bB KenepH ,
H HaKHTH &rno nnue; lie He· M0)1{3T .z:ta CH rpe'1T,
na H3Jle3Ha B1>B JlHB3):t3 )la_CH rpeHT AO ){Be CJl'bHU 3-
Jla Ce ·JUP13T RO xy60CTH. Te6e neeM, MaJJKa M0Me,
Harpesrno JICHo c~Hue , eA KoJJa.l{e Jie, MOH KoJJaAe.
Hsnpae una ce MaJIKa MOMa Te6e neeM, 6ora xsaJIHM,
Cpellly toea .RCHo CJtbHUe, eii KOJ1a.z:te ne, MOH Kona.n,e.
Hsn&11 a JJJIAO KoJ1&0, c. KO:,IH6H Te, TpoJrnc xo; AOn'bJIHHJIH JI AIIAO I<o.aho
c. nonec, 6a(Sa )l(exa, c. PHw. Cps. aapHaHTHTe s C~HY, I, 16; AT. H.11 .• .N't 16
: ,,EA KOJJaAe Jie, Moil Kona.Ae" ce nosTapH cne)I. sceKH CTHX.
,,EA l(oneAe Jle, MOA 1{0J1eAe" ce DOBTapH CJie,11. BCeKH CTHX. no BCHKa
:epOJITHOCT 88.IIHIIHe TO Ha Alla npHneea ce A'bJI)KH Ha OOCTOffTeJICTBOTO qe neceHTa •
31D•caua OT TJ)BMa neen.11 OT paSJ1H11H-11 cena. '
444 ll fi .M JI T 7, P M A P JI it o B

C e .n e
1
M H a .n e c e T a n e c eH
MaJIKa MoMa noJiytJaBa pH~a OT cB. Boropo,nm.(a
(MeJIOAHH c1,ma kaTo oHaH B C6HY; VI, 80, .N'2 2·.) .
Oil Te Te6e, MaJIKa MOMel MJia,na 6ora 11 60L1rn:qa. ·
nor,natte Jie, KoJia,ne Jie, 28 TT0K_att11xa BCHT,e )K~HH,
l13Jie3HaJia . MaJIKa MOMa . ·n oKaHHXa MOH.· Ma~Ka.
C TbHKa pH3a Konp1-rnei-rn; Ta, OTH)l.e CbC rro~atia.
11 mapetta, H : m-1:catta: Cbc ,rroraqa ,,~oBOHHHUa'",
Ha rbp,ne ii HCHo· cJibHUe, MoH ·MaiiKa MeH oTBep.e.
Ha paMeHe - HCeH Meceu., 3arrJiaKa CH MJia)I._a 6ora;
no no.11il ii .u.pe6HH 3Be3.ZI.H, A3 3aJI101Iax MJiaJ(a 6ora,_
Ta CH CBeTH OT xy6oCTH. 3GlJIIOJiax ro H 38I1HX MY'
- Oii Te M0Me, 4y6paBHtJI<el ,,Hyirn, HYHH, MJia)I.a 6ora,
Koii TH yrnH TaH p113a, MJia.n.a -6ora H 6o)KHtJal"
Harnapetta, Han11catta, CMHJIHJia ce 6o)Ka MaiiKa,
J1 Ha Hr-Jia H3Hecetta? Ta Me )I.apH T3H pH38,
JlaJIH TH H 'MaiiKa yriiH? Hamapetta,' HaITHCaHa
I1JIH TH . H. 6arn.a KyrrH? I1 Ha HI'Jfa H3HeCeHa; .
J1JIH TH CH CaMa yrnn? Ha rbp.ZI.H H HCHo' CJibHUe,
t.Iy6paBHlJKa 0Tf0BapH: · Ha paMeHe - HCeH Meceu,
- Oft BH Base, KOJie.u.apUH, no IlOJIH H .CHTHH 3Be3)I.H:
KaT nHTafe, rn.e BH Ka)Ka. - Te6e · neeM·, MaJIKa MoMe,
Po)I.HJIO ce MJia,u.a 6ora, Te6e neeM, 6ora XBaJIHM.
l1311SIJI ASIAO naMSIH PoreB, C. BpaHHK; AOiloJIHHJia SI 6a6a MapHSI, ·c .
IlawaKbOH. CpB . i3apifaHTHTe B C6HY, III, 20; VII, ·6;· VIII, 4 ; AT. Hn., N!! 70

OceMHa.n.eceT a ffeceH

MoMaTa ·ce o6Jiara CbC cJiaBeH .na ce Ha,nrrHBaT.

(Me.iJOAHSITa e npHJIHtIHa Ha ·TaSI B C6HY, XI, 44, ,N2 5~)
Oft: . T~ ·.Te..6.e, MaJIKa MOMef ,ll.a MH pe)KellI JI.HCHO KpHJJ0;
Oft KoJ:Ja.:U.e. ne, M9H KoJia)I.e. 30 AKo JIH Te a3 tta,u.neH,
Ce.nil MOMa B- rpa,nHHlJH~a, .[la TH pe)Ka · pyca KOCa.
B rpa,U.HHlJHUa, no.n JllOJilJHUa, TieJIH MaJIK0, neJIH MH<;)fO,
Ta. CH lllHe <::HTeH pbK3,B. ,ll.Ba ,U.HH, TpH ,nHH H TpH HOIUH•
11 CH llIHe, . H CH nee, CHB cJiaaeft.qeu rJiac H3ry6sa,
t.Iy,zurn neceH, JI.HBHa rreceH., ManKa MoMa rnac .no6Haa ..
Ta oMaH CHB cJiaseflqeu. HaMeRHJia MaJIKa MoMa
ppqroaa·p51 cHa. cJiaseft.qeu: _11 me pe>Ke _Ha cnaae5{,
- Oft. Te Te6e, MaJIKa MOMe! Ha cnaBeH ,nHCH0 KpHJI0:
HeKa ,u.saMa .u.a ce Ha».nHBaMe. TTHIII.H cnaaeii H ce MOJIH:
AKo Mette TH tta,n.neern, - Oil_Te Te6e, M3JIKa MOMel
29 .llyMnTe ,,Bor,naHe Jie, KoJia,ne Jie" ce _no·BTapslT cneA ac,eKH c-rnx '. .
30 nyMHTe ,,Off Kona.ne ne, · MOH KonaJJ.e" ce noBTapHT cJ'leA eceKH ·crn~.
p E JI Hr HO 3 H H OE JI f/.A 11
He pe»<H MH .ZlHCHo Kp1u1ue;
ur.e 3HMyBaM B TBOHTa na3Ba,
llJ.e JieTyBaM B TBOHTa KOCa;
Jlle: H3~.YilH IT'bCTpH . IlHrJU.H, ..
JI.a-TH neeM- cyTpHH paHo,
445
CyTPJJH. p_atto Ha c;TaBaHe,
Beqep K'hCHO Ha JIHraHe.
- ~aft Ha 3,npaBe, ¥aJIKa MOMe!'.
T~oe ..ne~M, . 6ora XBa.riHM.

lfanffJI SI ,!J.Sl,IJ.0 l<oJibO, t. Tio.nB·ec~ ·.non'bJIHHJii:t: SI .,!J.Sl,IJ.0; l(OJibO OT ' C. I<o-:--

,m6HTe, TpoSIHCKo, H 6a6a MapHSI CHB-Kbiioea, c.:
MaJiopaT;_ O'p'S1·x oecKo. cp·a~
'BapWclHTHTe B C6HY, VII, 8; Vil-I, ·17;.JX.',-:t; x1u~--'12.8: At.. HJI . , .N2~4 ..

,ll.eaeTHa,neceTa pece~

. MoMa rpa.Zl- rpa,n-HJla - rpa.na THpa.,nHHa~_:· fp~,noT e 6HJI" c TPH:

nopTH. IlnpBaTa ){a BJIH38T {)ICeH.UX.llUme (cBaTOBeTe);· npe3 BTopaTa-JJ.a.
J3/I.H38T CBaT6apHTe; npe3 TpeTa ..u.a :aa,le3He'. TT'.hpBO -. JIH6e.
(H3nffJia SI 6a6a MHtJa HJIHii~eea, c. 1(03ap SeiieHe; .non'bJIHHJI SI .IJ.HJJ.O-
Kom,o., KoJIH6Jne, TpoHHCKo, Cps. sapHaHTa P. C'5HY, .Vlll, 19.)

llBa,l{eCeTa neceH

CnHHT Ha MOMaTa

MoMaTa C'hHyBaJia qy,neH c1>H. CottyBaJia ..e T'b~Hci MorJia, ~ M'hr-

JiaTa HO~ KYJI~, B__ KyJiaTa .ZlO TPH KHTKH: JI1>p:13a K~TKa __ - paH 60CHJieK,
BTop_a KHTKa _. , >K'bJITa ·py>K_a , TP~Ta KHTI<a .- - aJieH'6o:»<yp. HHK(,)_H ne·
e·MmlUlJI Aa ro paara.ilae; pa3r~AaJia ro 6o>Ka MaHKa. To~Ha Morna ·q~n::1 .
Te>KKa CBaT6a.,_. 1tyJiaTa 6HJra caaro~pHTe! a .TPlfl:e KHTK_H 03Ha'laB~T:
ni;paaTa· KHTKa - · MJia,Zlo.>KetteKa: l3TopaTa - caMa · MpMaTa,. a Tpera-
Ta - MJia,Zl AeBepKo. ·

(H3ITHJia H 6a6a I<aJISI, c. l('b3'bKJIHCe; Jl0Il'b~HHJIH._J1)$a6a Mop<t,a.- C • .lle,.

~e~boA, 6a6a JloHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. llIHnKa . CpB. BapHaHTHTe s C6HY, 111-
6•. .VI •. ,3.) .

Jl B a A ece T no p B· a nece H

MoMaTa IlJiatJe, qe HCK3T Aa H .>KeHHT, a TH ow.e He e AO~»pIIIHJia -

~apoee1e cH. ·

Ka {Hsn,r.11a st C5a6a .n.>ua Ysyu-HuKoJro-Ba, ~- ·wu-nKa·; AOrit,JJHHJJHJJi 5..a6a-MH11tl

~~ ~~-c. _Ko3ap. Be.neHe, AHJI.O .lleu~o..: c.: ~axpeua . Cpa. _i,.apHaJl;tHTe·Jl C6HY, .
111 • 7• I_ 6, Vlll,.2~; X, 6; AT. H11., .N'eIOQ. Nd 15.)
446 .11HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

naa.zteCT BTopa neceH

f pa6BaT
MO Ma Ta.
MoMaTa e xy6aaa H .ff HCK3T' HO TH He pa11H ,Aa 0TH)te 33 HHK0•
ro, 3aW.0T0 CH 'laKa CB0e ffbpB0 JIH6e; Toraea .SI rpa6BaT H3CHJJa.
(11hnRJI R AHAO neTKO, c. fopHa KpeMeHa; AOffbJJHHJJH R: ARAO ~aKo OT
l(oJIH6HTe KaMeH AOJI, TeTeBeHcKo, 6a6a MapHR Cna-KoHoBa, c. MonapoT·; 6a6a
.Mu11a Hnuii11eaa, c. Kosap Beneae, MH H3nR aapHaHT OT c1.mau neceu. Cpa. Ba•
pHaHTHTe B C6HY, Ill, 17; VII, 7; XIII, 7; AT. :HJI. ,' .N'271.)

nsa.zteceT TpeTa neceH

nsaTa f'bJI'b6a H MaJIKa MOMa.
nsa f'bJI1>6a K3UH3JIH B rpa.ztHHKaTa Ha MOM3T3 H pOHRT U'h<f>Ha•
JIHH -pau 6ocHJieK. Tst rH n'h.ztH. ·
O6aqe ToBa He ca 6HJIH .ztBa r'bJl'h6a, Ho ca 6HJJH .ztBa ro.zte>KHHKa
(MOMUH), K0HTO ca )tOWJIH )ta HCKaT MOMaTa.
(H3nHJI3 R 6a6a MapHH THTb0B3T3, c. ToAbOBUH; )lOO'bJIHHJia JI 6a6a .noua-
YsyH-HHKOJIOSa, c. IllnnKa. Cps. sapnaHTH B C6HY, III, 16; VIII , 25.)

6a6a Pua· ToHbOBa, c. TopHOBO npH CeiiMeH, MH H3IIH ,Apyra

C'bB'bpWeHO HOBa B C'hmHH MOTHB.

nea.zteCeT lleTB'bpTa · neceH

CoKOJI roHH Il'bCTpa _nTHllKa .
CoK0.11,rOHH ){3 YJI0BH Il'bCTpa IITHllKa H TH HaMepHJia y6eJKHll(e B
UBeTeTO Ha MoMaTa u ce cKp»na B Hero. MoMaTa BH)tHJia u 0THIIIJia ia
.H n'h){H. ITTHllKaTa H ce MOJIH .zta JI He n'h.ztH u H o6emasa .zta BJie3He a
He'iiHHH K08'1£2 H B .ztapoBeTe H MOMHHCKH me H3JiynH Il'bCTJ)H IlTHUH,
KOHTO me H neHT cyTpHH paHO. .

CyTpHH paHo, Kora cTaea,

Beqep K'hCHo, Kora .1rnra.
I • •

(H3nHna R 6a6a Map HR, c. nawaK&oA; .zton-&JIHHJJH H 6a6a MapHR ·rur&O"'

BaTa, c. To;t&osua, EJieHcKo, H 6a6a Kanir, c . K'b3'bKJIHce. Cps. sapuaHTHTe a
C6HY, IV, 12; AT. Hn., N2 28.)

nsa.zteceT neTa neceH

MoMa rpa.zt rpa.ztnna H o6nor .ztaeana.
MoMa rpa.zt rpa.ztuna .H npaBHJia o6nor, qe Toroaa me B3eMe, Koii-
T0 pa3pywu HeHHHH _rpa.n,. Hae.no ce ny.zto Mna.zto,. Ta paa6u.110 rpaJla if,
HO TH MY npe.ztnara HOB OOJior: KOiiTo -H8C3,l{H no Mope JI03e ·H Kpa~
6pera ,AJOnH H H .zt0Hece a KOWHHl.la rpo3.ite H e K'hpn·a .ztJOJIH, Hero me
J>EJTH J"l103H H 05HtfAH 447
3eMe. Hae.rw ce nyJJ..o MJJan.o, Haca.n,11.r10 no Mope no3e 11 Kpaii 6pera
Jl.fOJIH H ,UOHeno B KCWHHU.a rpo3n.e Ii Il Kopna 11.IOJIJ,J. MoMaTa ce OT.MeT-
HaJTa It TT0/10}1{1,{Jia· HOB o6Jior: KOHTO ycyqe OT nHC'hK B'b}Ke, TOH me SI
B3eMe. HaeJio ce nyJI.o MnaJJ..o 11 ycyKaJTo OT nHC'hK B'h)l(e,Ho MoMaTa naK
ce 0TMeTHaJia 11 TTOJJO)IH{Jla HOB o6nor: · KOHTO HarrpaBH JI'hK 11 CTpe-
J13 H ycTpenH CHHho He6o H YJJ..apH HCHa 3Be3JJ..a -TOH me H 3eMe. Hae-
no ce JIYJ:J.O MJia,no, Ta HanpaBH JIO 'Jl'hK H CTpeJia, HO BMeCTO )l.a ycTpe-
Jll{ <;HHbO He6o H .u.a y.u.apH HCHa 3Be3,u.a,To ycTpeJIHJIO MaJIKa
M0Ma;
ycTpeJIHJIO .ff B KJieTo Copu.e.
(1-famma SI 6a6a .Uoua Y3ytt-HHKOJIOBa, c. lliHTIKa; JlOffbJIHHJJH SI H napHaHTH
npo.l(HKTysamt: 6a6a .ll.oc5pa, c. Te'bpJlHUa, 6a6a Mopct>a, c • .lJ.epeKbOH, 6a6a Pa.zta,
IlattanopHi:.ue. Cps. eapHaHTl'lTe B C6HY, VI, 5; IX, 10; X, 6.) .

TTeCHHTe, nocBeTeH H Ha M0MaTa, Ha HeHHaTa xy6ocT ,. Ha HeH-

HaTa cpotIH0CT, Ha rnaca H, Ha rpa.nHHK aTa H, Ha u.aenna ii, Ha 06-
JieKJioTo H, Ha HaKHTHTe H np., ca MHoro H pa3Hoo6 pa3HH. .
O6aqe He BCHqKH ca K0Jie.l{apcKH rre0HH. B c6opHHU.HTe rH HMa
MHoro, HO Te ca norpewu o 0THeCeHH K'hM KOJie,u.apCKHTe, 3aII.J.0T0 MHOf0
OT THX ca BeJIHK,U.eHCKH, Jl'pyrH reprb0BC KH, Tpen-1 cnacoBCl{H, a qeT-
B'hpTlt - JII060BHH xopoBO,ZI.HH. A3 ynoTpe6 HX BCHqKo c_aoe CTapaHHe.u.a
rH pa3npe.n.eJIH cnope.u. yKa3aHH HTa ua 6a6HTe TaKa, KaKTo ca ce ne-
JlH THH necua npe,u.H 100-15 0 r . 11 Toa a pa3npet1.eneeHe m.e 60.n.e Haii-
6JIH3o Jl.O HCTHHCKOT0 HHK0fall IH0 nopB0611THO pa3npe.u.eneHHe.

naa.n. eceT rnecTa neceH

Ha 6ynKa, K0HT0 ce o}KeHHJia comaTa eceH .u.o KoJ1e.n.a.
(MeJIO,AHH , 110,no6Ha tta TaH a C6HY, VI. 79, N!!l ; a c ·h UlO H Ha MrJW JllHIT a u
C6HY, XI, 44, N!!5 .) ·

- CTaHeHH He, rocIIOJl.H Het He CTOH, JIH6e, cpew.y MeHe,

Oft: Kona.n.e ne, Moi1 Kona,u.e.
BpaHKO IOHaK KOHR KOBe
11 CH ry>1<.n.a cpe6po rrnoqH,
Cpe6po IIJI0'IH, 3JiaTO KJIHHI.(H.
Cpew:y Hero BpaHKOBHU.a,
BpaHKOBHU.a, MJia,l{a 6yJIKa.
BpaHKO IOHaK nporosa pH:
- Oii Te Te6e, Mnat1.a 6yJIKe, CaMO MOJISI )la MH Ka}Kelll
MnaJJ.a 6ynKe, BpaHKOBHu.el
!Ia CH c-raHa CHTHa poca,
JI.a HapocH nparnHH Jl.PYMH,
.l{a He npalllHlll CBHJIH0 pyxo.
Axo y.u.apHlll )l0JIHH J{p}'MH,
31 .Ila ne MflTaM MOH Ol!H,
Ha TaoeTo 6HJIO nHu.e,
ll.{e y6o.u.a ap aHa KOHR .
BpaHKOBHI.(a OTfOBap »:
- KoaH, KOBH nopso JIH6e,
IT1>pao JIHOP, BpaHKO IOHa K,
TH He 6ofi ce 3apaJI Ko1rn;
KoH .U.P)'MH me y.napHrn:
.llanH ropHH HJIH ,ZI.OJIHH?
nanH K3J1HH HJIH npaWHH?
AKo y){apHm ropHH .U.PYMH,
ropHH APYMH, npallIHH APYMH,

311lyMHTe ,.OA I(onaAe ne, MOH I(onaite"· ce noeTepnT CJIC,!l BCetcH CTHX.
448 JJ.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

.ilOJlHK APYMH, K3JIHH ,npyMH, Komo KJIHHU.H cyxo 3Jiaro.

1.1.a CH CTaHa HCHO CJl1lHu.e, - Te6e neeM, MJia.n.a 6yJIKet
.Ua H.l.cywa KaJIHH .ll.PYMH, Te6e neeM, MHorc.>' 3ll.pase!
.Ua He. KaJIHW K0HIO TIJIQqH, OT 6ora 1 H Mttoro 3.ll.pcise,
Komo nJJoqH 11 HCTO cpe6po, A OT Ha3e aece.,1Hel
(lthneJIH w 6a6a 81>J1Ka1rn, c. Jht.TaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO, 6a6a HeAa J(up-
'lesa , c. Mapsrn, 6a6a MoMa CTecpaHOBHUa, c. ToJH.OBUH, EneHcKo . Jlon'hJIH;{JJlf
c sapwau.\iw 6a6a JloHa Ysy tt-HHKOJIOBa, c . U; HnKa, 6a6a KaJIHHKa KeHesa, c.
TI011&ec. Kapno6aTcKo. J-1oB\f eapHa1•.HH c U0BH M01'HfiH c-1,0611!M.1H H H3nem,:
6atia .Mopcpa, c . .UepeKhOH, · K1>:3'bJiaraqKo, 6a6a }lo6pa, c . Tn·.1:,p,n11ua,H 6a6Ji Ma-
p1rn CTQS\t;tQtta, c. :larnaKbOH, 51M6om.:irn.)

llaa,neceT H ce.n.Ma neceH

Ha MJia,no:>KeHeK, o:>1<.eHeH Tasi ~ceH .n.o KoJie,na
(M.e.nop._est, no.I1o(>Ha Ha Tast B C6HY,Xl~ 44, M6.)

CT-aHeBHHe, rocnO)lHHel U"h<l>Ha~lla uaeTeu. Map1 apHT.

KoJia.ne Jie. 82 Bbp3aJia sJiaTHH H6'bJIKH.
Tioxo.Q.H CroH n, noxo.n.u, O6.paJI' e CTOHH »6oJIKH
Ha.n.o.11y C BaKJJH 0BHOBH. 11 rH 0THece )l.0M3 CH.
Iloca.n.w C'TOHH H6'hJJKa Kora ce CTOHH 3a.>KeHH,
Y. cy:xo .H.0Jie 6e3 BOJl.a . SI6oJIKH CH Hape.n.H
MHH3JIO, w.o re MMHaJI0, TTo tJeCTHlt 3JiaTHH Tpane3H,
OTH.n.e CTOHH ,na BH.UH, Tpane3a )la MY neceJIRT,
'IUo e cTaHaJia H6'hJIKa. BeceJJ5lT· ow,e ,na Kpac,IT.
KoraTo CTOHH norJJe.n.Ha, Te6e ueeM, MJia)l.o.>KeHKO!
5I6oJIKa• ce. e XBaHaJia, Or 6ora TH MHoro 3,u.p2Be,
Tiyett~J,lc\ JIHCTe cpe6peHo, OT H23e TH aeceJIHHt
H3DeJIH ff: ~a6a l(aJISI, c. J('b3'bK.'IHce, 6a6a ,Uecna, c . 1I.epe1,iax.1e, K1>3bJl-
arallK_o; ».qIJ..b,!IHHJIH c BapHauHH: 6a6a .UoHa , c. lllHr~a. 6a6a .UoHa, c. Kapa6~Hap,
BypracKo. Cps. eapHaHT y AT. Hn. N!! 109

C'bmaTa neceH ce nee H Ha cBaT6a ,. KoraTo cJiaraT Ha Tpane3a-

Ta rrpe.n KyMa KllHUCKama (06pe,Z1eH CBaT6apCKH XJJH6, HaKHqel{ C Ba
paK, KHTl<H H no cpe.na'.fa. 3JiaTHa H6'hJIK.a).
Jl.Ba,u.eceT H ocMa neceH
Ha ,UBaMa 6paTH 6JIH3HaUH
(MeJI-O,lJ.HH, no)J.o6Ha Ha ouaH e C6HY, VI, 75, M l.)

CTaHeH1+H.H, ,naa 6oJrnpa., .D.aa r'bJto6a, .n.aa C0K0Jia.

· KoJial'e, .MOH KoJia)le. 33 E.ztHH CHH e CHB 6HJI r'bJib6p
.Uaa 60J1S1pa, ,naa C0KOJia. .llpyr CHH. e CHB ~HJI COKOJI.
lJ yBa MaHKa ,nsa r"hJI'b6a, f"hJio6eHue OBUH nace,
3
2,. Kona.11e Jie" ce nos Ta pst cJI~,n aceKH CTHX.
33
.llY,.M.~Te ,,KonaJJ,e, MOH KonaJle" ce TI0J!Ta PH.T cne.ll. eceKH cTHX.
 p£JJHI'H03HH OEH'lAH
OauH nace, tiHBH ope.,
Ta CH xpann cTapa MaiiKa~
CoKoJieHue c TypuH xo.nH,
C Typ11,H XOJlH, 60H CH ·6H~,
Ta Ct{ ,A'bp>Klf fOJIHM THMap,
D.oiiAe BpeMe .na ce JKeHH,
D.a ce JKeHH rliJI'h6enu.e.,
Anu H.HMa ,nBecTe rpoma., .
D.aecTe rporua, TpHCTa rpy.n:H
• acnp11,),
]J.a sannaTH .TeJKKa csa16a.
OTu.ne · CH n-pH reoii 6pareu,
IlpH . c~on 6.paTeu coKoneuue ·
H MY. -raxo np·oro1·ap.s1:
-· Oii te Te6e, cHB coKoJie.,
CHe coKone, MOH MHJJ 6pareu I
113m1JI )Ul,ll.O · l('bHbO, c. no.u.Bec, ,llOilbJtHHJJ~
449
.LJ.oitne apeMe !la ce >1<e1rn
.lla ce JKeHR, JI.a oe AOM8;.
AJJa H.HMaM .nsecTe r-poma.
.ll&e('Te rpoma, TpHcTa rpy)l.H
.lla sanJJaTH Te)KKa c11,a16a;
JJ.:a MH 3aiiMem .naec1e rpoJJJ~;
.lleecTe rpoma, TpHcta, rpyAit:,
.lloii-Ule JIRTO H -nponwro.
Ilpo.na-Ula CH 1;33KJIH OBHH:
Ilpo.na-m~ cu 3atapm1,
Ille B'hpHa H H8,IlBopHa.
TH
)lBec1e rpoma, TpHcTa tpy.ZJ.H.
- Ha aac· neeM .zto .n,sa 6paTa~
XaA Ha 3JJpaae neKa 61,.ztel ·
Or 6ora Bil ·Maoro 3,npaBe.
6a6a BeJJHKa, c. _JIHraKOBO

.n. a a .zt e-c e T n .n e B e T a 11 ec e H

Ha.cBew.eHHK
(MeJJo~HH, no.u.o6Ha Ha .ra_H B C6HY, XI, 44, .N'2 5.)

PaHo paHH c.renr Tie11;p, Caern IleT'bp orroaapH ·

- 34
· Ha3a,zt, Hasa.n-~ Mitna Maii!iol
Kona.ne, Konane Jie! ·
Ta OTHBa y · pa'A 6oJKH. Ilo'f.H H.HMam B · patt :Aa AOH,nem·.
Ilo.nMp · nero r nae- ce t1ye TH cil 6pawHo npo.naaua,
OT !feroBH tTapH 6aU(a: · C ne_nen cit · ro paaM.ecB-a.na•.
- Oroit, noqeKaH; M·iMH c1rne, · ITaK CH 'lp'hrHa c~erlf De-r1>p.
H a3 c Te6e B paH · .na -.ZJOH)la. no.nHp aero 6paT MY BHK:a:
CeeTu ITeT1>p oTroeap.st: - C1oii, not1eKaii, _MHJIH, _ :(>pare,
- Ha3a,n, H838)l, CT3pH TeHKOI 11 a3 c 1e6e B ·paA · .u.a · ~oi\.u.af
Il'bTH IUIM8Ill, M.flCTO' H.HMam, Cee-rH IleTop ·OTroaapn: · ·. .
MHCTO HHM.am, B pai:t- .na 61>,nern. - Hasan., Has.a.n,. Ml:{JIU 6pa,.~t.
HHKOra ca opaH op-aJJ,- IloT.H Hsn.fam B pail .n~ ~oii,nei:.µ
C~Hopu ca npeopaaan~ Hsn<0ra ca c1a.no nac'bJI,
. H ~Kora CH Kpo11'Mapyean, lJy>K)lH OBUH CH np~MecBan-. .
BHHo c Bo.n~ CH pa3MecaaJI. TTaK CH Tp'hrHa CB.era :Ilei-op.
IlaK CH Tp'hrHa C'BeTH ner·bp. n0.n11p Hero rnac ·ce• 11yBa .
Do.nHp Hero r.11ac ce 11yaa 01 uerOBH MHJIH·. CTpH:KQ:
Or Heroaa c1apa MaiiKa: - CTOif, Il~lleKau., CBeTK Ilerpe!
- C10:A, 11011eKaw, ·MHJI-R cHHel 11 a3 c Te6e B paA JJ.a .·.t1.oa)lal
H aa c -re6e a pall .na 11.na I· . Caero Iler1,p o-rroaap.11: · ·
11
u,nyMHTe ;,Kona·,JJ,e, KoJJa,1te J1e ce nosrapSIT cJJeA acexa CTRX.

29
 45()' /1 H M H T 1, P M A P ·11 H O 'B

- Haga,n; ua33.lJ.; MHJHI c-rpiiKo! TI'hTH HM8lll B ,part . )la -.noAnew,

IloTH HutaUJ a paA JJ.3 ;Ztotinern. MHCTO ,HM8lU P paA ~a tlfbi.\elli.
HHKorif (Hf ntrrponyaaJt. . T11 ca abJina n:p.01-lasa.1ra,
0r 1lepKl38Ta CKpitTOM 3HM3Jl: 81,3 pyau.e cit npH~aea.na;
nap.M, 'iJOC'hK, 6eJIH TeMSIH. 6pamtm. ·-r« ·cH nponaeana.,
Titnc Cit 'rpi>rHa CBet ,. fleT'hp. 3a no~cHnKa CH 1-ta.zm:asana.
OO.ztllp 1-1ero ·r Jiac ce qy·a a · CHpauH cli nparJieneaJia-,
• Or ' Hero'1ll MHiTla cHgxa: Dpocsur.i,; ,napyaaJJa.
- OroA, noqeicali, CBetH ne1pe, noae){e H cae-ru TTeTbp,
H a3 c Te6e -B paA ,na .noA.l(at Ta 3aee,ne BbB pafr 6o>t<H .
Orro~JHI -CBeTI-I fle-r'hp: - Te6e neeM ; crap ){y.xoaunK.
- ·-B ~BK, t:iioD~H, M-HJia c1-iaxo! Te6e ·neeM, 6ora xeaJJHM'.
:}i-.mw;;i R ARAO K'hHbO, c. ITo.neec; AOn'bJIHHJIH : .zi.HJlO KaJJ40, c. f-OpN:>
naeJIHKeHH, ARAO reqprH 8'bno.&, c. 6pyceH, 6a6a: _.Ma-pHR CMe-KoHoea, ·c. Ma-
nopa'I'. ·Cpb. eapH8H1'H e C6HY, I, :14; IV, 6; V, ,17; VII, 9; VIII . 19; X. 26;
A'r. Hn .• ,~ 29, 75; Mun., .N'i! •4.4

'B n a )K a H k H, C JI a· B H, 6 JI a r
O C JI O B H H. KaTO CB'bpruaT
KoneJI.apU.HTe CBOHTe neCHH, H.l(e pe)l Ha 6na>KaHKHTe HJIH CJiaBHTe.
6Jia>KaHKHTe H3K83Ba lleTHHKbT HJIH Ky)la-.6arnHHTa, C THX ce
3aa1>pm·aa o6pe,.ll.bT Ha KoJie)lHHTe neCHH .
THH 6na>KaHKH HSIKora ca 6uJIH JlbJirH H o6eMaJIH BCU\IKH 6naro-
no>KeJ1aHHSI . .ll.HeCKa MHOro OT THX ca 3a6paBeHH, ;JaTOBa H B p83HHTe
cena H Kpamu.a · BCHqKHTe 6Jia>KaHKH, 3etv'eHH OT)l.e.riHo, ca HenMHH.
Aa ce :rJOCTapax qpe3 ,Beuu:t:Te KoJieJlapuu u 'leTHHUH, KOHTO -ca
XOAHJlH KoJie.l(apuu KaTo 'MOMUH, )I.a C'h6epa THSI OTKbCJieUH OT 6Jia>KaH-
Ktrre-H Aa C'bCTaBR e,.ll.HO USIJIO. MouTe H3JIO>KeHH 6na>KaHKH ca THSI' KOH-
TO ca H3Ka3BaHH npe)lH 100-150 r., 3Ha'l·H HaH-6JIH30 ca )1.0 CTapHH-
CKHTe ·KOJie)lapCKH 6Jia:>KaHKH. KaTo ce CBbplllaT neCHUTe, 'le1'HHK'bT
unu ·KyJla-6alllHHTa •me H3Jie3He Ma.nKo Hanpe)I., 6JIH30 )l.O Tpane3aTa,
noeMa .Kpaea.H, me ceaJIH KannaKa CH H me notJHe 6J1a>KaHKHTe:
Ha. )l.oMaKHHa
Oii BIi, .-MOMUH KOJie)l.apuu! HuA MHCJIHXMe, qe e cbpJlHT,
Ka.n.e n1>TSJ TI'hTyaaxMe, A TOH 6ewe eeceJI H npeneceil.
Kb.l1.·e .6ory 6oryBaxMe; · Ta OTBOpH lICMmHp-nop-r.a,
TbMHU HOW.H npexe'hpJI·HXMe, 4eMllllip-nopTH, CTapH B·p8Ta,
KaJIHl-l 1,npy1v1:n rrpHT'hnKaxMe, HJ-J np1-tKaH1 Ha Tpane3H,
MeJI u ·MacJio npe6npKax\.fe, Ha .T pane3H wecTopeJJ.H.
CMHJJHH KHTKH h3KpHBHXMe , IllecTopeJJ.H, ce)J.MonoJII",
1lpRH--Kp11.aa1.J;H noJI.oMHxMe, ' lle H)J.eme Mpf Ha pH6a
Ta JlOH.lJ.OXMe B cpe){H .uonvr, l1 nHeme pyfn10 BHHO.
B cpe.i:tH How.1:1, .nonyHow.a, My norrHXMe ka neceno
H ce cnpHXMe n paBHl-f J{BOpH, CTap11 necttu KOJJe)J.apcKH.
· : Ha T03 Haw cTap CTa peH. Tof1 ce Mttoro pa3eeceJ1H,
I{ea>K TpOnHaxMe, TJHf>K DHKH3XMe. Ta 3acyKa CBHJIHH CKtTH
 'PE./THI'H03HH 06HC/Al1 45..J
H c11 cnpeTHa 6eJiff poue, lleTo ce Ha rpo6 He T08.ap11.
oe.rr-Hp1>ue, Jie6e.n.oe J.J, A ce )lHr.a Jf TOB~pH
Ta ffH JtapH JI06pa .n.apa; C HOBH KOJia IlO3JiaTeHH,
.llo6pa .!{apa, nem.HHK XJIH6a, Coe itea 6HeoJia TP 1-1roJ.l,HUJHH .
new.HifK XJIH6a, npeaHT KpaaaA. - Peqe,-e JlPY)f<J1Ha: AMHH·!
Ha Kpanas; cpe6po, 3JI3TO, (BCHlJKH H3t;HKB3T: AMHH!)
Cpe6po. 3JI3TO KpoCT-J{yKaTO.
Toii 3apa.z.tea KOJiepapu11, Ha JlOMaKHHKaTa
Hero . rocno.n. .n.a 3apa.n.ea! To3 Kpae~if:
- I(a)l{eTe J.l.PY>KHHa: AMHH! ·I(oH TO BHJia H KHTHJI~,
(Bc&qKff H3BHKBaT: AMHH!) Eor •}la H tta.nap11:
Hero rocno.n. .n.a 3apa,llea: Coe mepKH 3naTo~oc11,
)la MY JlOHJ.l.3T OT Tpff cTpaHH Cbc Ch HOB UH cpe6pop1>KH.
TpH 6oKJIHllKH, KaJTeCHHqKH: - Pelfere JlPY>t<HHa: AMJ:H!
EJtHa - .n.eua ,Qa Kpom.aea, {8C'-•llKR H3BHKB-8T: AMHH·n
..Upyra-MJl~J.l.a~•6yJJKa ,na seut1asa, KoH ·poue ca ro CHJIH:
Tpe-ra-nO-CTapa (6yJIKa) JI.a ca BCJIHKH h qecTHTlfl
.lla npomaea. ]lo JI3KTHTe nocpe6pett11,
- Peqe-ie JlPY*HHa: AMHH!· Jlo HOKT11Te rro3~11are1-rn.!
(BcHllKH H3BHKBaT: A~nu:!) - PetJeTc ·JlPY~HHa: AMHH! ·
Hero rocno.n. .n.a 3apa.n.Ba: (BcHqKH .BHKaT: AMHH)
C .n.oopoqecTHH CffHOBe, . (Yb,l{H'f~ Kp3B3H BHCOKO .)
C J(06poqecTHH nomepu, - To3 K-pasart: ·
Coe opaTHH BOJIOBe, · CfIT, rrpecHT, BHT· npeeHT!
)la cu opaT qepHH yrap, IlpeJl 6ora netJ:eH,
)la CH ceH-r 6.H.na nmeHHUa, Ha ttac HapeqeH.
)la H >K'bHaT MaJJKH MOMH, KonKo 3p1>Hua ca y Hero:-
MaJIKH MOMH KpHBOJif>HKH, MJIHTH H npeMJIHTH,
MJJaJ.l,H MOMUH KpHBOUJaITKH. BHTH H npeBHTH,
- PeqeTe .llPY)KffHa: AMHH! CwfH H npecHTH -
{BcHqKH H3BHKBaT: AMHH!) T OJIK03 3.npase, qecT H cnop
B raff KblJla.
Hero rocno.P .n.a 3apa.n.aa:
C irna KOHs-i , •.n.ea coKoJia, - · Peqe,-e .npy>KHHa: AMHHI
)la C·H XO.ll H B paBHO none, (BCHlJKH BHKa.T: AMRH!)
.LI.a b6H.l{H .>KeJITH HHBH. Ha MOMaTa
JI..a OTH.l{e 1-rn IlJI3HHHa,
Ha -6.HCOKO TaMO .l{eJie, Kon ro MecH~a,
.UeKa 6o*a MaifKa J.l,e.:1H: Jla ce HOCH h ITOJl.HOCH:
Cpe6po, 3JJ aTo, Me)J. H Maeno. I(aTO MpH Ha pn6a B )J.Jib6HHe,
KoMy c rnnion Kia opexoBa, I(aTO opeJI BbB BMC l{He ,
KoMy c Jio>Km(a LJeMw }l'p·oea, KaTo COKO..'l BbB nycTHHH ,
KoMy- c rraHHua no3JiaTetta. I(aTo . eJie H B TIJI3H H Ha ,
A Haw crap c1 apeH I(aTO K Y KYBHU3 H3 3eJJe Ha ropa,
JI.a ro .nap H U~JIO KHJIO , KaTo R pe6«ua H3 3eJieHa Tp e Ba
JleTo c_e c poKa He no~Hra, KaTo nayH 113 60JIS1pCKH ,n.BopH:
452 JlHMHT'bP MAP11HOB

KaTO 'ro,neHi!If.~.no: ~a-~J.VU~H . .l{BO_pH - ·peq~Te .n.p y)KHH_ a,_

: AMJ1J1.
C mapeHH IlOJilf: (6.c11q.'KH · · BHKaT;, AMHRI)
·c
KaTo MOMa 1<p1rno nepb po3JiaTe~ol

· TioeMa ··Jl·tl'pani ·ci · ,nBa njYbCTa, H3AHf3. $I H 6JJa?J<JI:

Tyii .llYKa:ro.:
A Ko e Me,neHo - . .' Me)lHa MY KcIIJapa;
Ai<o e 3JiaTo .- ..3JiaTHa , MY KeCHH;
AKo e cpe6p6 - · cpe6po ce JIHJIO •H l<0.8aJio;
KaTQ Jie~ no i3o.na, ·
K~-ro·. JIHCT no ~opa,
Karf)' ijO)l'HUa no.n BO)l~HHU8,
tpe6po it' -~~.~T~ _·ce· Jl_jJ_~ _O.. H
npeJIHJIO,,
11 npe3 np~roue MY npeJIHBa.JJo .
.lla MY · ce ·.itee· ·ll · (>e.1J'ee:
KaTo . 3HMe' Jre)'len,
KaTo JieTe iiae'teu..
3JI·aTo u cpe~po ce iu1JI0,
'Ta'.:- My 1<bJta •·. ~ocpe6pH.11HI
-Peqete ,np'y11<HHa: AM~HI
(acHtJKH H3BHKB8T : · AMHHI, H 3an.HB3T B Xop):
-. KoJIKo 3Be3)l.H , no He6eTo,
To~Ko1 ,3.zr.pa:ae B Taff , K'hllla, KoJia.ne Jie, MOH Kona.ner

CJie.ll ToBa KoJie)lap1.une.; H3JI1rnaT c neceH B xop:

-P-o ii,. ,poii, .MOMHe Jiel
TH pycoKoca· .neaoiiKo,
T'hHKa a1-1coxa T-ono.110,
· BJJJia ,q~·paeH·a ·.Ho'hJIKol
(CJiyluamt· bT .IJ..H.IJ.O-··MifJIO CTOsrnoe, c. Kaiv.eHo ncJie, JI.HJJ.O ,ZleM.HH Porea, c: Bpa-
HffK, Op~:xoac~o, ASIA~ - KaJI'l.P c. fopHo IlzaJIHK€HH, Jl.ff)I.0 Uaxo, c. _Ko~JH6Hte
KaMeH JJ.0JI, TeteseHcKo, Jl.SIJJ.0 CtoiiKo, .nsrito ,ZleHtJo, JlSJ.ll.0 Xp0c10, c. K.{ll<PHHB,
Jioa11aacKo, JJ.Sl,ll0 KoJJbR, . c. M'l>rJIHm, .IJ.Sl)I.0 feoprn 81>JJKOB, c. EpyceH,' Te1et1eucio,
.U..II.A0 IleTKO, c. fopHa KpeMeaa, BpattancKo, Jl.SIJ(0 K"LHbO XpHCTOB, c. Ilo}l.aec~
KapHo6aTCKO. CpB. Bc;lpH8H1;HTe e C6HY,I, 7, 8, 9; HI, 4; VI, 3-, 4; VII, 3; 4;, vur.
28, 29; IX, 8. 9; ?.(~ _5; XI, 8.) . ·

l(a1:Q H3Jieaii~i -~one.napUHTe, aeqe ce CtJ::I.fTa, qe B'hAH.H B~qep

e MHl:l~JUlr -~e MP'J?Cii~;i:¢. HomH c~ noqHaJIH.
BCH11KO ' ce, )U-Ira, . BC}t'IKO Ce pa3Tpe6aa;· BCH'IKH . CH JI.HraTt ·aKo
.Qf.Jtt. 11,epKBa He1e nOIIHflJia; aKo Jrn e aeqe no11HaJia, no-cTapHTe oTHBaT
B -~epKB-8', · ·a no-MJiaAHTe: - . )KeHHTe, IlOIIBaT ,lla lll'hTaT H3 K'hIIJ,H 'H
~:te;on.0 or.HH~eTO.
 f;/IHI'l103HJI OSHl/AH 453
BcHlfKH MoraT i.ta JierHaT, aKo mue e MHoro pauo, e,nH.H o6aqe,
KOHT~ e OTp~,neH· )I.~ 6,nH, Ce,llH. Kpaif . OrHliiu.eto .H rJte.zia' 61>.lllfffK'bT ,·JI.a
ue yracue; TOH TpH(?Ba .na rop11 UHJia How..
Taff l!Olll. B HHKOH ~eJia HMa HHKaKBH HHTepeCHH o6HqaH, B"bB .BCH -
.KO ceJIO pa3J1HqH11. ETO THH 06HqaH, .KOHTO as cpew.HaX.
B c.. )KeJIHBa, Co<f>11iicKo, a TaKa H B oKoJTHHTe ceJTa HMa TaK1>B.
-06m1aii: npe,nH JI.a ce,ll.HaT Aa aeqepHT, )KeHHTe, · ~euaTa, na H M'b>KeTe
CH)J.aT Ha ,ll.apaKa )l;a IlOBJiaqaT MaJIKO B'bJIHa. OT TaH B'bJIHa H3npeJI.BaT
KoHeu; TOH· KoHeu Ha KoJieAa paHo cyTpHHTa TYPHT Ha eAHH OT Ko-
mepHTe (nq~JI1ne). Toaa ce npa~H ,na He 6HraT poHUHTe (H3poeHHTe
.MJiaAH nqeJJ,1i) n Aa He ypoqacaaT Kornep1~Te.
B c. Tot1J1em, ra6poacKo, Tpane3aTa ce •He )I.Hra, a c'roH UH-
JTa HOlll.
B rp. TeTeB~He Taff aetfep MHHT naHHUHTe H tIOMHHTa ·H_a .ll.pynrH
.,nett xs1>praT B KYPHHKa 11. no Jl.opBeTata. Toaa rtpaB~T, Ta KOKOlllKPTe
.,na ne MpaT, a .,nopBeTaTa JI.a -Bp1>sBaT nJioJJ..
' '
Me,n1>T, KOHTO e Ka,ne1f Ha Tpane3aTa, Ce CK~TBa sa UHp; C :ue-
TO Ma>KaT ,neuaTa, 15,oraTo _ce
~apHT. .
B :C • . Ta1>p,n0ua oT TaH . aeqep·, Ta AO. Bo.nHUH HHTO nepaT, HHTO
&

Ma:H<;~'.f•
B c. Eru:'noso, Gocpi¾:11cKo, Tafl_Beqep 3anJiaurnaT ,nopB~aTa, KOH~
'TO·ca. HJIOBH, Ta .na pa}K,llaT.
B c. JlecH,npeH,'TeTes·elicKo, Koe ,neTe ce po,nH TaH Beqep, Mo)KKO
HJUf '>KeH~KO, ~'hIUaBaT ro . He C ,npyr:o HMe, a ·c~MO X _
p~CTO HJIH XpHC-
'THHa. .
0

B -C.
Bap11eBo, .C oq>HH,CKO, OT TIOMHHTa _H a naHHUHTe CH MHHT, O1n1-
1e; ToBa npaBHT .na .He J3J'!'H3aT npe3 JIHTOTO B' .oq1;1.Te ,HM MY1IJHqK6- OT
CJI3.M3.Ta. .l(aBaT Ma CTOKaTa ,ll.a H,ne; 38HaC~IT OT HeH MaJIKO, Ta 3ana-
..TIH'.f' ,neTO e CTO>Kep1>T; a MaJIKO CK'bTB~T B rpe,naTa Ha °K1>IIt.aTa.
B TipHnen Taff aeqep w.e ce Xd.ll.if np-M BCHKO .z:ftpao, KoeTo tte
pa>K,na, H ro nJiamaT, qe w.e ro oTceKaT, a Ko He . po,ll.R npc-3 H,new.oTo
.JIHTO (C6HY, VI II, 142) . C1>w.o KaKTO, ce npaBH -H ~. BaiiJioBo, Coq>HHCKo

. '

r) M p 'b c H H u H

Toaa ca JI._H H OT 6'bJJ.HS1 aeqep . .no Bo.n0u..u, T. e.

S HHyapH, KoraTO MHHe Kp'bCTbT. Tu51. ~HH HMaT IJ.SH{OJUS.O ffa3B3HHH: ..
_Mp'lJcHuu,u, .Mp'lJcHtl oHu, By2aHu iJHu· (Ax1>pqeJie6HHCKo, .Byprac-K o
H '.Jl,P;),. HeKp'lJcmeHU ~HU . (TIHpOTCKO, 'HHllIKo; BpaHHHCKo,rypryce-
oe~KO, l:(apu6poJI.CKo)., KapaKoH.o~nBu oHu (n .Pa3JIO)KK<?)- ·
 454 P.HMHT"I,P MAPHHOJJ

ITpe3 THH ,llHU HMa o6Hllalf, . KOHTO ca ycTaHoBeHu OT Hapo,llHOTO

BHpSaHe. TaKa HapO)lHOTO a·HpBaHe ·3a6paHHBa .n.a ce nepaT PH3H, .lla
CH MHHT· rJiaBHTe .>KeHHTe H; .n.a ~" nJieraT KOCHTe. CblllO He 6HBa .lla
ce Ma)f(e CTeH~ H )la ce 'IHCTH .
B IlHpOTCKo, HumKo, UapH6po.n.cKo CH He MHflT rJiaBHTe, Ja-
W.OTQ· B.HpBaHeTo YTB'bp.>K.n.aea, qe KOHTO CH MHe rJiaBaTa npe3 THSI .ZI.HH.
3360JIS1B8Jl OT JIOillaTa 6oJteCT' KOH TO TyKa ce K33Ba Hy,K;i)a; nopa.na
C'hlll.aTa npHllHHa ne nepaT H pH3H. (Cps. C6HY, VI, 90.)
Bos BeJiec npe3 BCH'IKHTe MpoCHH .ZJ.HH .>Kemne He pa6oT.HT .>KeH-
CKo · pnKo.neJIHe, 3am.oT6 cs. Boropo.nm1a e ow.e Jiexyca (Cps. C6HY p
VII, 127.)
B IlpHJiencKo npe3 MpoCHHTe .ZJ.Hfl H~ pa6oTflT, aamoTo Jio3eTo
IU.HJIO .n.a np71BH.ee ; T. e . .na pa.>K.n.a p.H.ZJ.KO, rpaxHaTo; H.HMaJJo .na HM a
Ha6HTH rpo3.n.ose. (C6H~r, VIII, 142.) ·
B llli,m He nepaT' ' 3aIUOTO BO.ZJ.aTa He 6uJia Kp'bCTeHa (C6HY ►
X, · 122.)
B c. Tsop.n.mia npe3 MpoCHHTe .ZJ.HH He nepaT, HH MeTaT. TTpa3Hy-
BaT OT na.n.aew.a 6oJJeCT.
Ilpe3 TH.ff .ZJ.HH He 6HBa .n.a ce co6HpaT M'h.>K H >KeHa, 3ammo .ne-
Te, aKo ce 3a'IHe, nomo e. A Ko e MoM11e, w.e CTaHe xaH.ztYK, paa6oiiHHK,.
K'ypsapHH, IlHflHHU.a,. H3e}IHHK; aKO e .>KeHa - m.e CTaHe Kypea, Ma-
rbOCHHU.a, H3o6w.o Jiollia. (Ba6a Il.o6pa u 6a6a Map1u1.)
B c. JlonHH, TeTeBeHCKo, npe3 TMH .na11, aI<o ce po.nH ,neTe, TpH6-
aa ,na ce JieKysa, aaw.oTo HHalle aKo e MoM11e, m.e ro aaJIH6H 3Mem1.ap
aKo JIH e MOMHlle, w.e ro 3aJI.H6tJ 3MeH .· JleKyBaHeTo CTaBa no TOH Ha-
'IHH . III.oM ce po,nH .neTeTo, se.n.Hara TPH .>KeHH w.e B3eMaT B'bJIHa, m.e OTH-
,ZlaT Ha KOMHHa H T3MO w.e H3npe.n.aT B'bJJHaTa, w.e H H3T'bKaT H me MY
ymHHT pHauu.a. B TaH pHauu.a TpH6Ba .na .60.ne o6JieqeHo lleTeTo, Ill.OM
ce OK'bne. TaH pHaa ce Ka3Ba pusa Ha B?JiJHR ee'lep.
HMa H neceH:
- KaaBaT, MaJie, .l{yMaT MH,
l.Je CH Me pO)lHJJa Ha BaCHJJ,
Ha BaCHJl·, Ma.ne, Ha 60.l(Hff aeqep,
na He CH MH, MaJJe, YillHJia,
Y1.1,r nna, MaJie, . pu3aTa.
Ta aaTnBa Me, MaJie, .nHec JJH6~T
· llerupH)leceT 3Meiioae .
.6a6a feua feJieBa, c .•Tiomrn .

. .'B '·c. KunHJIOB~, EJJeHCKO, npea THJI ,l(HH ce.neHKH He npaBHT if Be- .
qep H~Ka.K He npe)laT, .a amoro e Jioruo. KoiiTo, pa6oTen npe3 TH» ·Be-
qepY., pa360JiflBaJI ce OT Te.>KKaTa 60J1ecT. (Ba6a Pyca CnaBOBa.)
 PEJIHr H03HH OBH J./, A H 455
BC. pe-rK9B0, Axopt1e.1e6HH~K.~ , 'B.Rp'.13.arr, fle;JJpes Tl{~,:6yi:-~.H.fl '1-':ffli•
~o~~t qpe~H,J{U._·_T_HH t;>yra~uH np~JJ;ij.~~T H~ XQP.~r HO: ca .f .. e.µ.1 fJJ:.KP~-fK~-
;.- Jll~~·
uMa.~H ~~JTi:-.~ ~pa)la, 06JJette1:1H .a CHl:J.1:1 .Ilpex~: 11, .R3)lH,Jf H;,;tta , ~o,i ..
Mfbl<ln~·; Te Tl)'hfB~lT )la xo,nHT ITO .I l0.Jie19; Te 6cip'aBHT caMo. )l() ij'bpBH;
rie-rnH, T. -e . )lo)leTo nponeHT nopB11 neTJJH cJie)l noJJyHoI.I.J.. K.oiiTo 3a-
Mp'bKHe B noJJeTo HJJH H3Jl€3He HOIUHO ape.Me H3 K'blUH, 3a )la He ro Ha-
na,llaT 6yraHUHTe , TpH6Ba JI.a HOCH BH)l€JJ0 (JJaMna C ra3, CBE'llf, HJIH 6_ o-
pHH3). AKo HHKOH H_HMa cseT.1n1Ha, TOH Tp.R6Ba ,na IJyurn c u,H.rapa 11JJtt
JiyJ.ia, Ta )la CB~TKa '. H OT TYH CBeTyJJKaHe 6yraHU11Te 6.RraT.
ByraHUHTe , KaTo XO)l€JJH 11 MHHaBaJJH KpaH H.RKO..R K'bIUa. o6p'b-
W.3JJH ce K'bM Kbllf,aTa H BHK3JIH Ha xopaTa:

- Kepyrny, Kepyrny !
Kyra r.a BYJlHUH?
lloMalllHHT e, a.Ko tiyHT Toaa, TpH6Ba.110 JI.a oTrosopHT :
- 11MaMe CH pa6yTa; .
l.lyKaMe 6HJJ nyK;
HH M0.>KHM .n.a BH Ka.>KHMe.
• C6H Y, X I II. 21
Torasa 6yraHUHTe ce nJJalliHJJH 1r 6.Rra..11-1.
K a p a K o H .n. *
o, K a p a K o H JI. )I{ e p. BHpBaHeT o YTB'bp)K-
)laBa, qe npes MpoCHHTe )lHH XO)lH TOH tteitHCT JlYX, KOHTO J:I0CJ.t TYH
Ha3Batt11e. OT Hero ,H MpoCHHTe AHH B c . 1lparJ1H.m.e, PasJIO.>K·KO, ee
xa3BaJJH Kap.aKOHJ.l.>KO~H )lHM. 3a TOH JlYX ce roaopH B nopBaTa tJacT Ha
TaH KHJffa - B)K. [TToHHTHH H] BHpBaHHH [3a HeBH)J.HMH..R CBRT]
(crp. · 304-305) .
KapaKOH)l.>KO H3JJH38J1 OT fOJJHMa aeqep H 6opaBeJI )l0 Il'bpBH IleT-
onHBaJJH Il'bpBH neTJIH' CJJe)l Il0JJYHOlll, To.ff'· J31>3CH)J.-
,JIH, T. e. ~o)leTO 'Ilp_
Ba.n IIOBeKa H ro KapaJI )la 06.11KaJIH UHJJ0TO ceno I{ ceJJ~·KH..R CHHQP,
3eMJIHllleTo. llloM npo.neHT 11eT..'1HTe, TOH ce J.13ry6BaJJ. na He C,Tpa)lae
11e.n.0BeK OT Hero, TpH6Ba )la HOCH B . nasBilTa CH tJeCH0B JIYK,_KaA~H
Ha Bo)lHH aet1ep. . .
B c . Me)laeH, KoTJJeHcKo, BHpBaT, qe KapaKoH.n..>Kep1>T xo)l.eJJ, 1,1.pea
T~ff )lHH H KaTo cpEIUHe HHK0fO HOllf,HO apeMe, B'b3C.H)lBaJI ro H..to' Ka-
p~·,.)la ro HOCH Kpa{f peKa'ta.T OH 6HJJ IlOJ<pHT c TpoHe-6o)lJ IH~_T.a ,<a-
TO . B'b3C.H)lBaJI llOBeKa, 60)1.HJI ro C Tp-'bHeTo H ro 06.11~t'aa-.n_ . C
Kp1,B.
flOCOtJH MH Ce .TaK'bB K0HKpeTeH IlpHMep. ·neHtJO 3JI~TaH-9~ Be,ll.-·
Ha.>K ro Hana)lHaJJ KapaKQH)J.)Kep.'bT 11 MHoro ro M'btJHJI; TOH 6¥.Jl O(>JI.H.Jl. c
Kp,1>0 oT 6o)lJIHTe My.. (Coo6JJ..1.aBaT 6a6a poHKa ITeH11eaa BacttaTapK a H
6a6a Jl.>Ke)la MHJJKosa. ) .
B c. CTapo ceJJo, TyTpaKaHC Ko, npeceJieHH H3 O,ripi:,r'HCKo -ow.e.npe:3
PycKo-Typ cKaTa a·oHHa B 1828 r . . i1pe3 THH MpoCHH , ,ll.HH1, ·OCB.eH
456 11. H M H T 'b P M A P H H ·0 B

Ma~Kap·aQ.HTe:, H&pette'im TYK 6p'630Jl, 3a K-OHTO -m e fQBOpHM '.fYK JJ.OJty,

npt;n,(:~!Cll}vfiH·Baw H ·1a1paKOHQXQ_, Caft,JH.ff Kapil·KOHiZUK-0 ro npa·BSIT H3KY-
CT,BeHo ti XO,ZUl'I' .ffO -cenara. B 1904 r. a~ ll(J-H06peTH-X 38 ETHorpa(l>H-
~ftCKlf.SI 'MY3eii U'8K'bB l<apaKOHJ].)KO, OT KOHTO opHrHHa~bT e B :IIPOH3-
ae-.n.eHaT,a p11c. N!? 148, B KOSITO ce Bli)KJJ.aT <popMaTa H o6pa3'bT Ha Ka-
p.aKOHJJ.>KO.
· C T a p u H H 11 H .n. )K a M a JI H, TTpes THH MpoCHH JJ.HH XOJJ.HT
MaCKapa)Uf+ Hapeqe~H . HHH'bJ].e cmapu,u, a . HSIK'bJ].e OJ/CaM.aAU.
n>KaMaJIH 'HJIH JVKYM8JIH e TypcKa .n.yMa J-f 03HatJaBa TYH, I..U.OT"O H
<napu.H ~ -JipeHbCeH CMHC'bJI, T. e~ tJYJJ.HH ·HeecTeCTBeHH t11HU3, C'blleTa-
HHe OT tJOBeK H pa3JIHtJHH :>KHBOTHH H IlT.HIJ.H.
CTapUHTe ca MaCKHpaHH JIHUa, npeJJ.CTaBJUleI..U.H pa3JIHtJHH o6pa3H
Ha :>KHBOTHH, c1,qeTaH.H C IlTHqH qaCTH, a Ha,lloJiy opJietieHH C JJ.PHilH.
TaKHBa CTapuH ca npe.ncTaBeHH a pile . .N~ 145, 146 H 147.
Te xo,l(Ht oT- BT6p1rn ·JJ.eH H-a Kone.n.a, na .n.o seqepTa cpemy B0JJ.H-
1u1, T. e . .no seqepTa 5 HHyapH .
EJJ.HH OT THX e CTapeu, a .n.pyr o6JietieH -~ :>Ke:I:ICKH .npex11 H npeJJ.-
~TaBJIHBa )KCHa - HeroBa 6a6HqKa. Te ce ~'bilp0B0)K,ll8T OT 10-15
.ZI.YlllH, C'blll.0 TaKa MaCKHp~HH. Te XO,llHT no K'blll.HTe H npaB-ffT pa3JIHtlHH .
CMexopHH, HO H MHoro HenpHJIHtJHH pa6oTH.
· CTapeU'hT Haii-HanpeJJ. 6Jiarocnas.s1:
.na \l(aB;a .rocno.n. -BOJIQBeTe OT -e,llHH. 03e82ap (qHqrr) XRJISIJ].O .JJ.a CTaHaTI
lla JJ.aJJ.e rocno.n oT ·eJJ.na ·osua XHJIHJJ.o JJ.a CTaHaTl
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o . 3a cTona,HH~a,
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C qepBe H KOHe u , HJJH H Bpb3 B8T Ha ropH eTo,
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:Ha 13p1,111HHK TCCTCBH JIHCTOBe, TIOMC>KJlY KOHTO HM8 CHpeHe, HHU8 H 11ac
C np'b>KKH (HHK'b)le). TyTM8HHK'bT ce npaBH OT · TecTo, K0CTO ce MeCH
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-c;peAaTa, a. Kp8m.uaTa ca noJ1r1>HaTH; THH Kp8HIU.a· cny*aT 38 xnn6, a
3MeTO 33 HCTHe; HMeT0 CH HOCH oT 3eJ".e. BynrypHHK ce npaBM- oT
qynryp, TI'hp>KH ce C RHUa H M8C, H3T'bpCBa ce B TenCHH H Ce fff,fe
rio.l{ Bp'blllHJJK; CJie)l KaTO ce oneqe,ome TOil'bJI TIOJll•fBa ce TIOBT(W'Ho
·c . pa:3ToneHo apHno Maeno H ce H)le c JI'h>KHUa, a pHJlK0 c poKa.
B MJIHHa, TYTMaHHKa, 6aHHU8T8 HJIH 3eJIHHKa ry}K)laT M8JIKH MOU-
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ca AYIIll-f B K'hlllH, BKJIIOll:HTCJIHO H Te3H, KOHTO CJI_yt1:aHHO ca OTffbT}''BAIIH
Ha ryp6eT, c npH6aBKa ome 11 KJI0HtteTa: 3a 6ora, 3a cToKaTa, 3a
.JI03eTo. THH KJIOHtteTa B c. Kapa6yttap HapHt1:aT cypooa'iKU.
MJIHH'bT, TYTM8HHK'hT HJIH 3eJIHHK'bT ce H,!le C np"bCTH H KOHTO
·o-pHOTK'bCBaHe 38JI'hKa 3e1ve H KJIOHlle, rJie)laT Koe HapetteHO . KJWHlie
e OTK'hCHaJI . Hafl-HanpeJI. OT MJIHHa lll.C B3eMe JI.OMOBJI8)lHKaTa I,{ rn~aT
Koe earet1:eHo KJIOHtfe e 3en; Koe KJIOHt1e ·ce na)lHaJio Ha cTonaHa, B
Hero e K'bCMCT'bT H.a K'blll8T8 rrpe3 fOJI.HHaTa .

C aH c K a T a r JI a B a e BToporo HCTHe TaH se1.1ep. llhmapa

If
ca 3aKJiaJIH 3a Kone)la,Ho rnaaaTa c ~paKaTa cypoan CTOHT 3a Cyp·a aKu.
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KpaKaTa. KaTo ce ome sap.HT, ry>KJlaT B coKa co~1, qecHoB J1YK H 6parn-
HO , H KQf8T0 aeqe ca caapeHH, M3CHTIBaT COKa B naHHU8 H npaBHT OT
HeH na1.1a (nuxmu.n). B HHKOH MeCTa a COKa Ha.npo6BaT MeCOTO H: KO>Ka-
Ta . Ha rJiaBaTa, a .M03'hKa, e3MKa H qeJIIOCTTa C KpaKaTa OCTaBHT Ha-
CTpaHa; HHK"b)le TI"bK -- B C. TOJI.bOBUH, E.'JeHCKO, rJiaB8Ta H KpaKaTa,
b H K3KTO ca neJrn:, ce npeKa)l.HT, a OTITOCJie Hat1:ynaaT Ha K"bCOBe H
·T _
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MeHax no-rope, He ce np11HaCH ll Ka)lH; C8MO B TOH CJI)''laH CBHHCK0T0
MeCo ce npHHaCH H Ka)lH.
11HTepeCHO HBJTCHHe e, qe Ha TaH aeqep CBHHCKa fJlaBa KaJJ.~T. H
HJl.aT H UMf8HHTe B cenaTa, 6HJiH Te xpHCTHHHH. HJIH MOXaMe)la'ff.H.
Ocaen TIHTaTa, MJIHHa, CB~HCKaTa fJlaBa C nallaTa TaH seqep
Ha Tpane3aTa CJTaraT ome (B HHK0H MeCTa) naK opexH, qeCH0B /JIYK,
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 p H ·n H r H O 3 H H O 5 H 'I A H 463
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trereJI.
c. MapalllKH TpoCTei-lHK, ITneBeHcK o, KOJIHT qepaeH neTeJI; KO-
B
.JIHT ro Ha npara Ha Koll\HHTe ·HIJUf CTapH ·BpaTa H ro OCTaBHT .na . CKa'Ia;
cera rJie)laT .nanH KaTo CKatJa, me -OTH.D.e HaB:1>Tpe e K'bll\H, .HJJH me H3-
CKOKHe H3B'bHKa. ITopBHHT CJiyqau 03H3'I3BaJI ,no(>po, BTOpHHT - JIOlllO.
ToH ne-reJJ ce Ka)tH H H)le, a rJJaBaTa CK'bTBaT 3a UHp; B Te-reaeH ff
-CK'bTBaT H JieKyBaT C HeH KHXaBm..(!aTa. B c .. PycJiap KOJJHT KOKOllJKa .
. .B c. KnHcypa BapHT ome capMH, Ho cera oT. Meco c 6yJiryp HJIH opH3.
B c. MapHH, EneHcKo, ry~aT :J.I ·-MaJIKo }KHTO, Ta ·H Hero KaAHT.
·C..11e)l npeKa,llBaH eTo BCH'IKH xanHyBaT HaH-Hanpe ,A OT }KHTOTO.

K a .ll e H e T o. KoraTo e BCH'IKO rOToeo, ,noHaCHT naJie}KHHKa "

-c Hero ce Ka.AH; H TYK Ka.ztH Haif-·cTapHHT M'b}K e K'bl.l.Ut. Tmlnocne KaJlll H
-CTOKaTa~ u crpa.zu1Te.

Cne,A npeKa.ztBaHeTo CH)laT )la ·HJl~T.

ITopBHSI,:' 3aJI'bK MOMHTe JI MOMUl-!Te CK'bTBaT, Ta ry}K)laT no)l B'b3-
r JiaBHHl..(aTa H r Jie)laT )la IlOMH.HT, KaTo Koro Bl-f}K)l3T HaC'bH )la H)le
:3ae,[{HO; TOH MOM'bK H.TIH TaH MOMa me HM e Ha K'bCMeT.

KoiiTo KHXHe Ha Tpane3aTa , xapH3BaT MY TYH, KoeTo me ce po:.

JlK nopao npoJieTTa: Hpe, Tene, arHe, Kon11e.
Cne)l Be11epHTa CMHTaT TP.OXHTe H Ta.ff CMeT XBopraT B _or'bHff •
J<aTo Hap1-1qaT ,,Xaii)le )la ce pa}K,lla: BHHO,· }KHTO, KonpHHa, TYTYH H
np!" (ITepyI..U.HUa, BpHCToeu ua) . CJieJl eeqepHTa nyKaT JlPHHOBH IT'bITKH:
JI rne)laT 11~m rr'brrKa nyKHe n no,llCKOtJH, ·ToH me 60,lle 3.ztpas u n1,prae.
HHKOH o6HtJaH, KOHTO ce M3Bbpll1BaT npe3 Taff ee11ep, ca HeOT-
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. B c. Ta6aqKa, PyceHCKO, irrpa.HT xopo l(.HJJaTa HOI..U. -- 3a 3,llpaee
M 6epeKeT.
B c. ToJJ.l>OBU.H, EJJeHCKo, OT KpoMHJla, Kof1To e Ka,lleH, HapH3BaT
ABaHa,lleceT TopKaJiua , KaTo ttaputiaT BCHKo Ha JlEaHa,lleceTTe Meceua;
nocJie ry.>K)laT Ha BCHKO KoJie.TJue co.TJ u ro CJJaraT Ha Tpane3aTa . Cy-
TPHHTa rJie)laT )la.,1H co.rna Ha H.HKoe KOJ1eJJue ce CToniv1a. Ha KOHTO
Meceu e Hapet1eHo TYH KoJie~1ue H coJJTa e cTonena, npe3 T051 Meceu' me
• 60,lle epeMeTo Jl.b)KJlOBHTO; a KO JJ H Ha HclpetieHH51 Meceu Ha KOJieJiueTo
conTa lie ce e cTon HJia, npe3 TOH Meceu He me HMa )l'h}K.ll, epeMeTo
w.e 6o)le HCHo, cyxo.
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TeopOJJorH51.
8 C. Me,l{BeH Ta51 eeqep ce H3-r .~HBaT H OilJlHTaT KOCHTe; B 1-,B 'BO-
JlaTa, KoraTo me ce TOITJI H Ha Of1>H51, ry:>K)laT AP51 H.
464 llHMHr1 ,p MAPHHo a

B Pynqoc TaH aeilep aap.SIT '(j)acyJI H nexaT .n.sa KoJia1<a; e.!lli-

HH.SI JI0MHT 3a MetIKaTa, a J1pynrn 3a B'bJIKa.

KoraTo. JIOMH,T 3a . Metixama, cJJaB11T T,'hii:

E xyrary ·'caM ~Yil no1<,
.· T~ aap_x _no_x;
E Kyrary CaM ¢a<)> npHCOHH3;
TH <)>a<}) · ycoihia.
E Kyrary ·caM· Ha 6opu,;· · (6'bp,n.o),
TH ny.n. ·6opuu.
OrraMo IU.e ·e · H3Jie3Ha.iia · n npuxa3KaTa:
,,B aA MH, 6a6o, .n.a Me He cpeIU.a" - orroapp, KOHTo · Er ·:naJT
ceJIHHHH'bT Ha OH3.ff BpatIKa, KOHTO HCK~Jia )la MY 6ae: ~KO ro.cpew.ee:-.
MeqKa, .na MY He CTOpH H:HIU.O.

A KoraTO JIOMHT 3a B_'bJIK,a, CJI3BHT Tal(a:_

Tipe3 My.peHy JIHraJ1y,
)Kep MY <pa<p ycrara;
focnyK )la MY 3aKyaaaa y.crara,
Cac 1KHJIH3HH. nupoHH,
H .na ry 3acmmeea _u saK10peaa.
C6HY,· VIII, 141 -

C y -p· B a K a H e T O e BTOpaTa 'l3CT OT cy-pB31llK8T3 6'b.ll;HH !Jf#Ilf

15:<1)1.eHa aeqep. Karo .npone.HT Il'l>P,~H nerJIHr ,._ CYRBa~a~e19 JIOtJBa.
Cy p B a K a p HT e, KOHTO ca 6HJIH fOTOBH, tJ3K8T )la Mij~e ,rJ,Iyxa
,ilo6a H Ill.OM Il'bpBHTe neTJIH nponeHT,Te Tp'brB3T IlO CeJIOTo._Te Ca M'b)l{e.
HHKora ca xo)J.HJIH )l{eHeHH, Ho MJia)J.H M'Ii)i{e, a cera xo.nHT MoMuH HJIK
MOM-tJeTa, HO He no-MaJJKH ·or 15-16-ro)J.HlllHH . .
CypBaKapine HM3T HHKOJIKO HMe~a. B c. TiamaKbo_ij, }<'h3'bJJ8f3ll·
KO, , Te Ce K33B3T cypyeacKapu, ·a np'btIKHTe-cypyeacKtl . .B. ,,C. 01>30~_e}J,
JlqMcKo (npeceJieHH o:r PY"1'.hHHH), re ce K33B_ aT MRYttKapu (3aip.o;ro xo-
raro XO)J..SlT, Te ~rnyKaT ,xa:ro KO'J'.KH). · B ~: J1HT3J<:~J:3.o, .Opx:aHHUCKO. Te
ce K33BaT eacuAapu. B JJ.pyrHTe Meer a·re. ce Ka3BaT cypyeat~Jipu. , .
_Jfa Il'bTH TH.ff ~ypaa~<apH M-.SIYK~T K3TO ·KpTKH. Bcex~ ~ypaaxap
HOCH np'htIKa, _1-iape'tleHa cypyeai<.Hu1,4a, KOHTO e oT .llPHll,· _cyp_oa~ c
Il'bilKH. THSI np'hllKH ce npHr0TBH'.1' Hapo1rno H.SlK0JIK0 )J.HH npeJ(H Cyp-
Baini. BceKH MOM'bK; ·itouto me· XO)Uf _.Ha.'.·'Cyt)miKH·, rne,zfa ,n.a -:yxp·acH
CBOHTa np'l>llKa KORKOT()'Ce MO:>Ke n013eqe; B ·p11c . .N2-149'. ca npe,AtTaBeHH
0

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465
TpH T8KHB8 cypBaKHHUH, KOHTO npH06pen1x 3a ET}:lorpaq>HtieCKH.H MY-
3eH H oT KOHTO e CHeTa Ta.H pucyiiKa. B c . CeMHc11e, X acKoBcKo, MH
,l(a,l{OX8 cypeaKHH_U a, H3pH3aHa _B'bB BH)l H~ naJIMa, ·KaKBaTO ce BHiK,Zla
B pHcyu·K aTa· OT)lHCHO. ~ H ce Ka3Ba H npoCTO cypea B X aCKOBCKO; TaKa .
ce Ka3Ba u B c. PycJiap, BapHeHcKo (npeceJieHH H3 0.llpHHCKo).
HRKOfa, KoraTo ca XO,llHJIH M'b:>Ke-cypBaKapu, Te C<I 6HJIH He
no-MaJIKO OT 10-12 iymu. THH cypBaKapH, KaKTO H CTapu1fTe, rJie-
,naJIH ca ]la ce He cpemHaT. CpemHaT ..TJH ce, Te ce c61rnaJIH. Oco6Ho
cypaaKapHTe QT e)lHO CeJio ca na3HJIH Jla He )lOH)laT B T.HXHOTO ceJIO
cypBaKapH OT ,npyro ceno . .YcnesIT JIH cypBaKapHTe oT e,nHo ceno ,na
ce BM'bKHaT B Jlpyr_o ceJio,. To 3a cypBaKap1ne OT TYH ceJio _ToBa .ce
cqHT8JlO 38 fOJI.HM cpaM. ETo 3aIUO MHOfO qecTo e ,CTaBaJio cepH03HO
c6HBaHe. B Pa.llOMHpcKo, B c •.llHB.nH, npH Bpa6qeHcKaTa peKa HMa rpo6p
_HapeqeH cypeaKapcKu 2po6, 3aIUoTo Hemo npe.llH 150 r ., npnKa3BaT cTap-
UHTe, TYK Ha TOBa MHCTO ce cpemHaJIH _cypBaKapHTe H ce .C6HJIH, s
KOeTO c6HBaHe na)lHaJI y6HT e,llHH OT THX H TyKa ro 3aKonaJIH.
KaTo BJie3HaT B K'hm.H, cypaaKap11Te me w116aT ,noMaWHHTe H me
fH 6Jiaroc..TJaBHT. EAa3/CaHKUme HJIH cypBaKaHHHTa HHK'b)le Ca 00-)l'bJlfHp
1
a HHK'b,lle - no-KpaTKH.
B ToJlhOBIIH u MapHH, EJieHCKo, c.ypBaKapuTe 6.11a31eam HJIH
C/lllBJlm:

Cypaa, cypaa ro)lHHa,

BeceJia ro)lHHa.
toJIHM KJiaC Ha HHBa,
qepBeHa si6'hJIKa B _rpa,nHHa,
)KenT ~aMYJI . Ha Jieca,
· foJIH-M.: fpo3)l Ha JI03a,
Il'hJJHa KeCHH C'bC napil.
)l(HBO, 3,npaBo ,no fO)lH•Ha,
no fO)lHHa·, )J.O aMHHa! ·, ..

HstKOH OT cypBaKapHTe,_ KOfaTo 61,p3aT, cypBaKaT Ha-Kp-aTKo:

Cypea,. cypBa r0,zu-1Ha,

.BeceJl a fO;llKHa, ·
.ronHM KJiac Ha HHBa,
)l(imo,. 3.lll}aBo ,no- ro,u,1-H-al
b\.-1-:-ii:-Hryl HJIK M-sr-~-H-y!

B Axo11eJJe6HHCKo, B c. TieTKoBo·,. €YP.·BaKiap11eTa11a, ~a MOMlleTa:

0'.1! .6 AO b0--ll'OJ;CRlffHa &'b3f>~CT; Te XO)lifl'D Ha Jl)1){:>KJ«HKH, n0, 3-6, JJ.YllIH;
lfM'G 1,ne311a,T a K:L~ , Te 31(;.U'lllfY80.m, T. e. wa-16-a-v B<:eK,H·l!O· (i)T, AOM&i-
llUl'ltO'At ;c.6JiarocrJJooffifl:
(:Y;pBa, fOAJIHa,.
30
- 466 P. H M H T· "b P M A ,p H H O B

BeceJia ro.ima~
H ,noro.nHHa C'bC 3.npasel
Tio-B'b3paCTHH MOMqera OT 10·.no 12 r. OCBeH cypsaKHHUHTe Ho-
CHT a ,n:>Ko6oBeTe CH peqHH KaM'bqera, KOHTO TyKa ce HMeHysar nany-
He. Karo BJie3HaT· B K'blll.H II CB'bplllaT cypBaKaHeTO C'bC cypBaKHHUa-
Ta, re xaopraT no e.nHo KaMolle B orHHIII.eTO H roeopsIT CJie.nHara 6Jia-
rocJI0BIrn:
Kai<ro reqe peKaTa rrpe3 Te3 KaM'bt1era, •
Toii .na rroreKaT -rrapine B KeCHHTa.
KaKTO CH re:>KaT Te3 KaM'btieTa B peKaTa,
Toll .na TH re.mar napHre a KeCHHTa.
06mara 6Jia)KaHKa .Ha cypaaKapHre e:
Cypaa, cypaa ro,nHHa,
BeceJia, aeceJia ·ro.nHHa.
foJIHM KJiaC Ha HHBa,
4epBeHa S16'bJIKa B rpa,IJ.HHa, .
)K'bJIT MaMyJI Ha Jieca,
f O.lIHM rp03,!J. Ha JI033,
TioJIHa Kelli.a -coc .neua,
TioJIHH o6opH C'bC CTOKa,
TioJIHa KeCHH C'bC napu.
)KHBO, . 3.llpaso ,no ro,nHHa,
no romrna, ,Zl.O aMHHal

HHKOra, Koraro ca XO,!J.HJIH M'b>Ke-cypaaKapH, He e HMaJio HH-

KaKBH CMexopHH H CMeIIIHHUH, Ho no-rrocJie H cera, KaKTO TOBa aeqe
crroMeHaxMe 3a Ko.r1e,napu1-1re, rrotIHaJI ,na ce H3pa.m,na H TOH 061tt1aii.
Ta Ka ,nHeCKa, ocaeH ,nero He, xo,!J.HT aetie-M'b)Ke-cypeaKapH·, a·.neua H
MOMlleTa, HO H caMHHT o6HtI8H e IlOJIYllHJI Ha MHOfO Mecra, B MHOfO
· ceJia cMemeH, KapHKarypeH o6pa3. TaKa a MHoro ceJia a3 cpew.uax cyp-
s_
aKapHTe a · taKaaa cMeiima · <popMa. . ·
CypBaKapHTe ca rpHMa, p.HJJ,KO IIIeCTHMa. EJJ.HH OT TSIX ce Ka3Ba
IC()tni,,npyrHHT 1,u12ape, a rperH iuunoeu11,ap. Toii npe.nao.m,na:Ap'yr1-1re.
Toil xJiona ,na MY oraopHr, Korero MS1y11e, a Marapero peee; -IDimoBH·
11apHr HOCH .nae MHoro ,ne6eJrn roHrH, Hapeqeuu- iuunooe, saw.oro Ha
AOJIHHH Kpaii ca H3)lHJI8HH Karo IIIHildBe odrpH, ra·ce 3a601KAtT B ae-
M.ffTa. C THSI IIIHITOBe ,,KoBar" Marapero: Kotera HOCl{ Top6a:3;t f cmp~-
60AUHKa, T. e. Meco, CJiaHHHa, CHpeHe H .l\p.; Marapero HOCH JJ.HCa-
1'H. :la: ·'6paWHO H ;)(pyn1 ·Hema: . - '
"Karo'BJie3HAT e K'hriJ.ara, nocne 6JiaroCJI0BHHTa WHllOBH'lapstT ·,,KO·
'Be~ ,J.iaraperoi a: rd pea·e, pHra u npaBH·-JJ;pyru cMexopHH, a :n'bK Kore-
To M.ffyqe H XO,Z{H H3 KIOWeTaTa .na T'bpIIIyea;'T. ·e~ -,ll;a :,nupH K'bAe H_M a
CTp'hBOJIMHKa. .
Karo ce1,pwar cypoaaKaHero, cypeaKapure··00Y1aar~·a1t6·noHCKa
pEJIH I'H03 HH 05HlfAH 467
.noMaKH H'bT, .na npaBHT CMexop H.HTe CH.KoT eTo XO)lH 113 K'hllU{, MHyqH
H npeapo ma naH~!-UiTe .na T'bpCH ,,cTp'bBOJIHHKa", .Marape To peee
H Ju1-
ra .na ro ,,KoBaT . . .
Haii-Ha Kpafl ru .napHBaT. Ha n'bpBo MHCTO u.ne CJJaHHHa HJIH
cBH~CKO Meco, HO cypoeo ; cne.n Toea ·H.ne KpaeaH , a nocJte H ,npyrH Hew.a,
na H napH . •
K p a B a ii c y p B a K a p c K u cpemHa x HHKOJIKO BH.l(~.
KpaBaH T, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N~ 150. ToH Kpaeai i ce npaBH oT
.nee TeCTeBH np'btIKH : e.nHaTa B'bTpe, a .npyraT a OTB'bHKa. BoTpel lIHaTa
e npecetie Ha c np'bCTH TaKa, Ta u3rne.n ea KaTo .na e cneneH a oT Tec-
TeBH TOntieTa; .npyraT a onacaa nopBaT a, Ho Kpawm aTa H ca HeCKJIO-
neHH.
KpaBaH T, npe,ncTaBeH B p _ wc. N2 151, e )l'bJira TecTeBa np'bq-
Ka, KOHTO ce YBHBa Ha KOJieJio HHKOJIKO IlbTH.
Tim ,n.ea KpaeaH ca MeceHH B c. CMH,noao.
KpaBaH T, npe,ncTaBeH B p11c. N2 152, e KYKAa c Kp'bCTocaHH
Kpauma . ToH Kpaeaf l ce Mecu B c. Xopcoa o, IllyMeH cKo.
KpaBaH T, npe,ncTaBeH B pwc. N2 I 53, e KYKJia. Ty Ka TH ce Ha-
pwrn cypyeuUlKap.
Kpaaa.HT-KOAatte e .nocym no.no6eH Ha KOJiatieTo, KOeTo e npeJI.-
cTaBeHo B pHc. N!? 3. ·
KoJiatie To ce .nasa Ha MoMqeTa cypeaK apu, a cypyBH ilIKap'b T ce
Jl8J3a Ha MOMHtJ eTa . B C. BeJIHI.I. HTe, I1XTHMa HCKO, XO)lHT H MOMH'll eTa
cyp-
BaKapKH, ,neTo MU H MeCHXa XJIH6oBeTe N2153 H XJI.R6a, no.no6e H
Ha N23.
n e e H e n p 'b c T e H n T e e o6pe.n, c KOHTO ce <>BbpllIBa
BTopaTa Ka,neHa eeqep 11..-111 CypaaK u. .
neeHeT o Ha TT_AbCT eHHTe CTaBa no c.rie)lHHH H81IHH. MoMHT
.
e OT
\
e,nHa Maxana B cenoTo me ce c'b6epa T B e,nHa Koma, I11.e B3eMaT -651iI Ko-
TeJr' me OTH)l8T JI.a JI.OHeCaT npHCHa BO)la . .. TTa3H ce o6aqe OT TaH B0-
)1.a HHKOH .na He nwe, HHTO .zia 6pbKHe _B HeH. TaH BO)la
TyKa ce Ka3-
Ba BacUAeBa eoiJa. ToR KOTeJI me ce CJ10:>KH acpeJI. K'bmH H OKOJIO He-
ro ~e ce C'b6epaT BCH'llKH MOMH H MOMU.11 OT MaxaJia Ta H :sce·KH e npH-
fOTBHJI CBOH np'bCTeH.
: E,nHa OT MOMHTe me KJieKHe npe.n KO'JleJia H me noeMa OT BCSIKoro
npbCTeHa My; TOH np·'bcTeH me ce· cnycHe B'bB· BO)laTa .KaTo ro nycae,
MOMaTa me pa36'bp Ka BO)laTa Ha Kp'bCT J{ me· H3BHKa:
~.npaea , . 3,llpaBa , .lloHKe Jie, . fO)lHHllHU.a!
H 1~ 3,npaea, H a3 3_npa-a-a-i3al . ·
. . · Ao)(eT_o 'i'aH MoMa nycKa npo_cTeHuTe, ~pynr HHKOJtko·MoMH xaa-
uan{ npe3 paM'o, B Kp'br OKOJIO KOTeJia h-eHT: · . · '

B-epeTe - ee,· ,UoiiKe- Jie; MaJIKH ' MOM·H! .

l{a neeMe~ · ,ll-0ii.Ke :~e/: 1Rp.'bCT!eHHTe .. I ., · .

CJIHBH U.'hq)THT B ropHa CTpaHa l

468 JJ.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

He ca CJIHBH, .lloiiKe Jie, npocTeHH ca .

.lleBep CHaxa, .lloiiKe Jie, BOAH npe3 MOCTOBe,
Or xy6oCTH, .lloiiKe Jie, HeBeCTHHH,
MocroBe ce, .ll.oiiKe Jie, pa3JIJOJIHxa.
(Ila uanopmue, u:msrra or 6a6a Ma pnst Jlo6pesa Ileiilfor.nua B npi:tc'bCTBHeTo
ea 6a6a Aa,D.a feH'fOBHUa fHM~Jl)KHi\c1<a H 6a6a Pa.la Hnam,ua ToJJesa, 14 asr.
1898 r.)

CJie,tt TOBa IlOKpHB3T KOTeJia C e):lHa 6SJJia K'bpna HJIH C MeCaJI.

H3HaCHT ro HaB'bH H ro ry)K)laT ,tta npeHow.yaa noA 3Be3AHTe.
Ha .ApyrHH ,lleH MHOl'O paHo, y 30pH H npe.nH CJI'bHUe, C'bllJ,HTe Mo-
MH H MOMUH ce C'b6Hpar B C'bllJ,aTa K'bW.a, Bm-icaT KOTeJia B K'bllU~, ry>K-
AaT no,tt Hero H'IMHK. Cera ce Hape>KAaT oKoJio KoTeJia Ha Kpor, -yJio-
BeHH 3a paMeHeTe, a e,llHO MaJIKO MOMH'le, M_ aJIKO 3a6yJieHo C K'bpna•
. CJl,tta KpaH_KOTeJia. To .B Aa.lleHHH CJiy11aii ce K33Ba 6yAKa . .ll.pyrnTe
MOMH HrpaHT THXO xopo H nesrr n pH n e BK HT e.npa BCHKa npHnHBKa
6yJIKaTa 6'bpKa B KOTeJia H H3Ba>K,lla KOHTO np'bCTeH HaJiy'IH. Jie)laT r
.BCH'IKH '1°HH np'bCTeH e H3Ba.AeH H cpaBHHBaT C npHnHBKaTl;l, Ta paa-
raTBaT Koro w.e 3eMe .MOMaTa HJIH MOM'bK'bT.
B'hB ' BCH'IKH ceJia He ce B'bpllIH TOH o6pe,ll e,llH3KBO.
B c. )l(eJIHBa, Coq>aiicKo, cpew.y BacHJI MoMa MaH'IHHa H 6aw.Hua
3HMa 6~JI xoTeJI, CHnBa a Hero oaec H ro npe~puaa orrope c K'i»pna.
nPHJlPY*eHa OT APYfH MOMH, KOHTO w.e CH AaBaT np'bCTeHHTe, OTHBaT
ua 11emMara. · ·

J,fa Il'bTSI .no 'leIIIMaTa neHT:

H3JIH3Jia e BacHJIHH,
BaCHJIIUJ, MaJia' MOM a,
Ha roJIHMOTo 6yHHw.e.
J13HeJia e 6HJIO MeH'le,
i
MeJlHH np'bcTeHe .na ronH:
MeJlHH npocTeHe Ha MoMitTe,
.51 HO>KOBeTe Ha MOMUihe.
no~etO nestT Ta,,SJ neCeH,. MOMaTa, KOHTO UJ.e TO Il H n. p 'b CT e
H H T e, A'hP.>K.lf. KOI)Jleto; KaTo. CB'bpWaT neceHTa, TH, H.3CHUBa oa.eca
H BCHKa MOM:a CH 3eM~-or He~q.,. T~ ro cee Ha .l.lP'hBHJJ-Ka, 33 Aa BHAK KOH
MOM'hK npe3 Homra:II.le H. .noA.ne HaC'hH )la ro }K'bHe c uero. ·
nocJie 03IIJiaKHyBaT KOTJieTO, HaJIHB:3.T 11RCTa Bo~a H Karo fO
npeKpI-IHT H rrpeB'bp>KaT C 11epBeHa K'bpna, OTHHCaT· ro B ~OM-a Ha MO·
. Ma.~~k ~PSJ.T.o: Ill~ .&a,;w. n,p'b~T~RH.Te, a ryK B~SJK.ij ~toMa. cnycKa. caoff
np'bCTeH. KoTJieTO np,t1U,p,3~HO O'.tHa<!fll Q I:ij.allHHaTa, H fQ ry>K).J.3,T .na
npeHoW.yBa IIO)(. TpeH.Aa<l>HJI.
Ha ,ttpyrHH .neH, il,a B.acaJI, Ol'OJT.Q OO.SIA: ~e C:IJ>l{if)~~ M<>MHTe H
MOMUHTe H cera Ba~ffT DJ).~te-RYTe. Dp,e;llH Jia- DQ'IIJaT B- a ~ -e JI e T 0
M a n p 'h c T e II a r e, ne11t: .
pEJIHTH03HH OBH C/A H
469
BaCHJIHH MaJia MOMa!
l-faJieJia e BacHJIHH
Me,nHH npncreHe JJ.a BaJI.11.

CJieJI. rosa HalIHHHT JI.a Fa,D.HT np1icrem1Te emrn no e.n.nH, KaTo

npe.nsapHTeJJHO ne5IT npHTTHBKa.
B c. BpyceH, TereBeHcKo, no CbIJJ.HH HatIHH HOCHT KOTJiero H
ornsar 3a Bo.na, caMo qe npe,nH .n.a HaneHT so.nara, ryprar npbcTe-
mne. no,neTO TypraT ITpbCTeHltte, TieHT;

Bepere ce, MaJIKH MOMH H HeBeCTH, · Orrorac ca HeBH,nBaJIH;

Jla neeMe npbcteHHre! CHOIJJ.H Betiep ce BHJl.eJIH,
.l{sa ce MJiaJJ.H 3aJIH6HJIH, CHOIJJ.H Betiep Ha KJia,l(eHI.J.H.
nsa ca MJiaJJ.H H ,D.Ba ,nparH. Ta CTOHJIH, . ce JIH6HJIH,
Cn0seH U'b<pTH BOHHY B, crpaHa. MaJIKQ.. MHOro ca CTOHJIH:
Hee CJIHBeH, ,nsa ca MJiaJl.H, Ko6HJIHu.a JIHCT rrycrHJia, ·
.l{ea ca MJia,nH, ,D.83 ca ,AparH. .[{pHHOB KpHBaK ,npeHKH POJl.HJI,
OrKa ca ce 38JIH6HJIH, Ta sracaJIH H 3o6aJIH.

KoreJ1a rn.e ro HOCH MOMHtie Mauq1rno H 6arn.HHO, a npbcTeHHTe

6opKa H B8.D,H epreHirn, MO.Mlle MaHllHH H 6arn.uH.
B TereseHe. Cnrn.o HOCHT Bo,na B 6HJI KoTeJI, caMo ryKa•npncre-
1-mre HaHU3BaT Ha llPHttosa npbtIKa H oTHHcar KoreJia Kpatt peKaTa HJIH
KJlcUJ.eHeu.a. TyK HrpaHT If neHT OKOJIO KOTeJia .c· BO)J.aTa:

TTpoBHKHa ce 3,npaBKo H3 ropa 3eJieHa!

3.npaBKO, ropcKa _6HJIKO MHpH3JIHBa ►
lllo He .no.nar MOMH .na Me 6epaT
I1.rrn ca ce Boc11JIKY npe,naJrn?
3.npasim, ropcKa 6HJIKO MHpH3JIHBa,
lie H3e CbM H 3HMe, H JieTe,
EocH.'IKo e BeJl.H'b)K B romrnara.
6e3 MeHe ce 6VJIKH He BeHtiaBar,
Ee3 MeHe ce .neua He KprW.aBaT.
3HMe Jie>Ka no.n .n.e6e.'la . npHcna,
JJere ce.nH no.n ,ne6e.1a C.HHKa.

ITo.n Korneto, .no.nero neHT H HrpaHT, ry>KJI.aT osec; or TOH osec

3HMa BCHKa MoMa, ra ro ry>1<,na seqepra cpern.y CypaaKH no,n B'h3r,TiaB•
HHU.ara, 3a ,na BHJ.1.H HaC'bH KOH rn.e .no.ne .l(a ro )K'bHe C HeH.
Karo BbpHaT KOTeJia, 3aBbp3BaT ro C 11epBeH rrnar HJIH npeCTHJI•·
Ka u ro ry>1<.nar B rpa.nHHara no,n rpeH,naqmJia.
Ha JJ.pyrHH ,neH ce C'b6HpaT H e,nHH MOMbK, Ha3BaH TYK HapU'UlUIC,
.KaKTO H B 6pyceH, BMH npbCTeH11Te. .
ITopsara npHnHBKa e:
1. 3.D.pas~, 3,ll.paea r o,nul:itIHUe,
470 )i H M H T 'b p· M A p H . Ii O 1l

.llo ro.nHHa )KHBO, 3,npaeof " (Ba.nH np'bcTeHa.)

2. ,,Mx-x-y-yf Ha MeaHoe,neH." ·
(Ba,nH np'bCTeH. 4HH e np'bCTeH'bT, T.R w.e ce O)KeHH CKopo.)
nocJJe cJie.itBaT ,npyrnTe o6w.u npHneBKH.
B c. KoJIH6ine, TpoSIHCKo, oTHHCaT KoTeJia Ha qeIIJMaTa, uamfBa't
Bo,na B Hero, ry)K,naT np'bC'FeHHTe - B'bpII.IaT BCHllKO nope,n, KaKTo T0Ba
CTaBa H s.- TeTeBeHe, KaKT0 ro no-rope onHcax. no.n KoTeJia 1yp.Rr
JlqMHK, OT KOHTO nocJie CB'bpWBaHeTo BC.ffKa MOMa CH B3HMa, cee ro ita
AP'bBHHKa H rJie,na K·o ra w.e C'bHyBa, T. e. C KOH M0M'bK w.e ro )K1>He.
Ha ,npyrm1 ,neH 6yAKll·MOM Hlle w.e e·a,nH npoCTeHHTe.
ITopBaTa np11m1BKa e:· ·
CBHHCKa rJiaea BacHJieea,
Taii, J1a,no .1Jel
Bp1>KHH, 6yJIKa, H3B3.I1H np'bCTeH!
ITocJie cJJe,neaT ,npyrHTe npHneBKH.
(C. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKO, 6a6a IleHa Muqeea IlJJaTHapKaTa, 15 JOJiil·,
1868 r.)

***
· ITpHneBKHTe, K0liT0 ce neSIT Ha Hoea ro.nHHa, npH.
neeHeTo np'bCT~HHTe H30CT3BHM, 33W.OT0 Te w.e 6'b){aT H3JJ0)KeHH no-
Aony npH o6nt1aH no.n sarnaeue Jia.neaue. .
T oH o6pe.n neeHe npoCTeHHTe Ha CypeaKH He ce BopWH BCHK'b·
"){e. B M0HTa o6HKOJIKa a3 ro cpew.Hax caMo B CJie,z{HHTe cena: KoJIH6Hre.
TpoHHCKO, Tonnew, ra6poBCKO, MapHH H TOAbOBUH, EJieHCI{O, rp.
TeTeBeH H TeTeBeHCKHTe ceJia H naaanopHw.e.
ToH o6pe.n e o6w. Ha, feprboe.neH H Ha Cnacoe.neH.ETo 3aI.U.0 Ha
TYH neeae npocTeHHTe B THH cena TpH6Ba .na ce norne.nHe Karo 11uc-
r
To MecTeH 06H11aii. O6at1e Ha eprboe.nea H B THH ceJia naK ce neHT
np'bCTeHH.

(*) Kap a Ma Ho B .n e ·H, Ce. CHJJBecTpH,

2 srnyapH · · ·

t.JepKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. CHJIBeCTpH, nana pnMCKH,

)KHBHJI B 5814-306 r. CJT. XpHCTa, B'bB epeMe Ha KoHCTaHTHH BeJTHKH ►·
KOHTO e D0Kp'bCTHJl C'blll.HH HMnepaTop. y npaBJIHBaJI P.HMCKaTa U'bp-
KBa 21 f0,l{HHH H noqHHaJT .B 328 r ·.
Hapo.neH npa3HHK: KapaMaHoeoe,i, (Kap~oyHap H PycoKac~po ►
BypracKo, H e HSIKOH cena B1?B .BapHeHcKo, npeceJieHH H3 O,npnHcKo);
Ceemu CuAeecmpu (TB'bp.nnua); Ce. CuAeecmpu HaBCSIK'bAe,
Ton .neH ce npa3Hyea e 11ecr Ha enperaTHHH .no6HT'bK-BnperaT-
HH BOJIOBe HJIH OHBOJIH.
3aroea ow.e npe;u-1 BaCHJI; Koraro w.e Mecnr XJ1.ft6osere sa Cyp-
pEJIHI'H03HH OEH I/AH 471
cTpH .
BaKH, MeCHT H o6pe,llHH.H XJIH6 3a KapaM aHoB,l leH HJIH 3,a CB. CnJJae
ToH XJI.H6 o6aqe ce Mecw caMo TaM, .ueTo e 3arrase H o6pe,n' hT,
H3BeCTeH Il0,ll HMeTo puHeHe, H ,lleTo XO,ll.HT pUHQt{ U.
B c. To,llhO BUH, E.neHc Ko, 6a6a Map1rn CToem 1ua ·H 6a6a MoMa CTe-
TaHue ce
¢aH0B 11ua, 26 IOJIH 1890 r . , MH Mec11xa XJI.H6a; 1111eTo Ha11ep
BJ1.)f{,lla B p11c. _N2 154. ToH e roJI.H.M KBaCHHK, Harnap eH c1,c cJJe,llHJ:ITe
rope
rnapKH : Ha cpe)laT a npa3eH ; Ha 11en-1pH cTpaHH oKoJio TOH Kp1>r:
alll-
H ,ll0JIY, BJJHB0 1-1 B,1.mCHO HM a MaJJKH Kp'bCT alliKH. OKOJJO THH KpoCT
KH no-roJr nM Kpor, HOC np'bCT H npHTM CHaT f'bCT0, Ta H3fJJ€, llBa, qe e
O.
C'bCTaBeH OT MHOf0 TODlle Ta. XJJH6'b T e OT l\lH0ro 11HCT0 6palllH
B c. llypaH KyJiaK 6a6a Pyca AJIT1>KoJJa11KaTa B 1904 r. MH MeCH
xJrn6 3a KapaM aHoB,l leH, KOHTo e npe.ncT aBeH B puc. N2 155.
Toii e
H CTpaH H C
KB8CH HK, MHoro rpH)f{J IHl;\0 11sne11et1 . IIIapK H Hl\ra: Ha 11eTHP
npoc¢o pHHK, a OKOJI0 T.HX Kpor' H33'b611eH C orp116 KaTa .
37
C
Ha )lpyrH Mec1a cpemH ax o6HKHOBeH.H KBaCHHUl:I, Harnap eHH
orpH6K a HJIH c BMJiyw i<:a. ·
KaTo ce l\·tp'bKH e, CTOil?.HKaTa me B3eMe 1111cTa rnapeH a Top6a , me
o, J.I.,11H
-ry,llH B HeH KpaBa H, 6'bKJH IUaTa C BHH0, Ha)leH HUH HJIH BapeH
nelliKH P-
ne11eH o CBHHC KO Meco, HJIJI c.rraHH Ha H napH, B'bp3a HH B rnapeH
aTa HJIH 3HM-
ITelllK Hpa ro .naJia MOMaT a. BCH11KO TOBa ce BHHCa B KOlllap
me ce
HHKa, )l€T0 e Bnpera THHHT )l06HT 'bK: B0JI0B eTe HJIH 6HBOJIHTe, H
a.
ry)lH B .HCJIMTe HJJH me ce 0Ka1n1 Ha oco6eH rBo3)le H Ha rpe,naT
D'b.UHH
Korna paTa HJIH 3HMHH K'bT Hee pHHaT , T. e. Hee 11HCTeH OT
,na 61>,ne
Beqep. TaH HOI.II., cpemy CnJJBe cTpH HJIH KapaM aHoB,n eH, TpH6B a
caMH-
H3pHH aT H Il011HCTeH . TaH pa6~T a 06a11e He 6HBa )la H3B'bp lllBaT
Hape11 eHH B TOH
Te )lOM3li lHH, HO rue )lOH,llaT Hapo11HO 3a TaH ueJI M'b.>Ke,
1ern, ·
cJiy11aH puHa.t1,u. PHH811HTe ca BCHKo ra MOMUH, caMo B c. Torr~
me o6pa3 yBaT
fa6poB CKO, ca no-Bo3 pacTH H .>KeH€HH M'b.>Ke. PHH311HT€
e)lHa Maxa.-' Ia,
11€TH, HO TaKa me ce ycTpO HT, I.II.OTO e,nHa 11eTa ,na PH He B
, 11eTH-
]{€TO M0MUHTe HMaT JIIC60B HHUH. Ta.SI 11eTa ce C'bCT0H or TPMMa
,apy ..
PHMa, HaH-M Horo neTHM a MOMUH,· BCH11KHTe 06a11e C'bCTaBHT e,llHa
)KHHa.
KaTo HaCT'bIJH roJIHM a Be11epa, p11HatJuTe TporBa T c raH;'lH
H
neCHH .
Te BJJH3aT B'bB BC.HKa K'bI.II.a, ,l(eTo MMa Bnpera TeH )l06HT 'bk, H HO-
0CTaB flT
C.HT C'bC ce6e CH ¢ettep . 3a TH~ K0IIIap_aTa HJIH 3HMHHK'bT ce
, aKo ,ll.B0-
OTBOp €HH, KaKTO H B'bHKa lllHHTe BpaTa HJili nopT11 Te Ha .l{Bopa
TpH6B a
poT e orpa.l{e H C'bC CTo6o p, a He c OK0il. l1 nceTaT a Ta.SI H0III.
HHKOH
.llcJ ca Bop3aH .H. lloMall lHHTe tJYHT, KoraTo .llOi:i.ll.aT pHHa1111Te, Ho
11Te.
He H_3JIH3a, 3aI.II.OTO e JIOIIIO ,na ce BH,llHT KOH ca p11Ha1I
_P HHa UfTe, KaTO BJie3H aT, OTBap HT KOlllap
1 aTa, H3pHH BaT Topa,

IlOtJHC TBaT KOIIIap aTa H HCJIHT e H TypHT Ha BQ.,' JOBeTe HOBa

IlJIHBa H ce-
H0. ToBa BopBH MHoro 61,p30'. Top1>T ce XBopJ rn Ha Kyn11m eTo.
1
37 e nponycHa.ri neTHSI npoccpopmrn, ~lOCTaBeH
[TTpH onHCaHHeTO aBTOJ>1)T
e c pe.naTa Ha XJJJ16a •.]
·472 JiHM HT'bP MAP lfifoa

KaTO CB'bpWaT pHHeHeTO, Te 3HMaT OCTaBeHaTa Top6a C BCffq.

•KHTe Hema B HeH. Top6aTa H 6'bKJil•UlaTa noc.rJe ce BpnmaT o6paTao, H
TO OT JII060BHHKa, KOHTO B TOH , CJiylla.H 6'bKJtIIUaTa Bpoma Ilb.IHa, a
1

nellIKHpa 3HMa i no6oBHHK'bT. Karo H3JIH3aT H3 K'bI..UaTa, Te ne.HT C

urpHBa MeJJo,zurn c.11e)l~ara neceH:

BJiaro)lapHM Ha Taa Koma,

lla ce npeJIHBa H npecHnBa
Cpe6po, aJiaro, iKeJITo iKHTO,
·)l(eJiro iKHTo, pyuHo BHHO,
Me)l H MacJio J.J.o aMHHa.
Ba6a Map1rn, c. To;.t.hODUH

Karo o6HKOJIHT UHJIOTO ceJio - a TOBa ce H3Bbpurna )lO 30pH -

Ha APYfHH .n.eH BCH'IKJ-fTe ce ·c'b6HpaT Hae,ll.HO; npo.n.aeaT CJI8HHHaTa H
OT re3H napH H C)lpynn e C'b6paHH napH Kynya ar HCTHe H BHHO H npa-
BHT romaeKa.
ToH .n.eH, Ce. CHJieecrpH, ae .H)lar CBHHCKO Meco H CJiamrna 3a
s)lpaae Ha eoJioeere.
AKo ce cJiy11tt, moro e.n.ttH pHHall, Koiiro He e JIIOOOBHHK Ha Mo-
MaTa, eapHe H nopHHe .Koma·para, npe)lH)la .n.oiiAe .mo6oBHHK'bT ii, rora-
Ba TOH OTKynea 6'bKJIHUaTa H -nelI.IKHpa OT n'bpBH.ff; rlellIKHpa 33)l'bpJKa
sa ce6e CH, a 6'bKJIHUara Han'hJIHeaa epou.r.a. (.6a6a MapH.H Croem-tua,
C. To)lhOB UH.)
. HMa H ApyrH Henpm1rirn CJIYIIKH. CJiy11ea ce noH.HKora, ra HHKOH
MOMa ce npHCMHJJa Ha HHKoro OT MOMUHTe HJJH ro OCK'bp6HJia c Hew.o,
HJIH ce ,ll.'bp.>KaJia rop,Ao K'bM HHKOH MOMUH, T O.H MOM'bK C APYiKHHaTa CH
BaMnpa TaH Hom 33 Y.A06eH CJiyqaif .n.a CH OTM'bCTH, H TO C'bB'bpll.leHo 6es-
H HaMeC-
HaKa3a Ho. Toft: OTHBa C APY.>KHHaTa CH B K'hW.aTa Ha TaH MOMa
·. TO .n.a IlOllHCT.f!T Kornapara, re HaHeCaT ueJIH.ff Top OT KY IlHIUeTo .H Ha-
ll'bJIHJIT Komapara, H3T'bilKaHa CTOP TaKa, III.OTO BOJJOBeTe e)lBaM
Morar
,ll.3 ce OObpHaT. I1 noHe)f{e )lOM3lllH11Te He CMeSIT )la H3Jle3HaT HHKaK,
THH 113KOCTHHU.H H3B'bpll.lear CBOHTa naKOCT C'bB'bpllieHo ceo6o)lHO. Toea
ce B'hpLµH OOHKHoBeHo cne)l Karo ca M11HaJIH Af)YfHTe pHH3llH, B 'IHC·
JIOTo Ha Kottro e 6HJJ H mo6oBHHK'hT JI?. MoMaTa. Te KpmlT Toea or .u.py·
r.ttre, .AO.Aero ro H3B'hpmar, a nocJie Ha cyrpHHTa, Ha yromeHHero, ro
pa3Ka3BaT rJiaCHO Ha BCHllKH.11 TOBa B~36y.>K:)la o6m CMSIX. .
TaH naKOCT e HOBOCT 3a )lOM3lllHHTe, 33IUOTO Ha cyrpHHTa c~
Ha)lHBar·)la HaMepHT Komapara IlOllHCTeHa, HO HaMeCTO TOBa Te .ff Ha·
MHpaT 3a)lp'bCTeHa C TOP H TpH6Ba UH.'I )leH )la llHCTHT. 11 TaH na_KOCT
C'bCTaBJIHBa roJJHM cpaM 3a Mo.MaTa, na H 3a i<nmara.
,,Xa-xa-xaf Ha ITerKaHa HapHHaJIH KomapaTal YyJIH JUI c-re?» --
me IlHTa H.HKO.H 3aBHCT HHUa APYfHT e MOMJI.
- ,,MapHl - · me orroaopH )lpyra c npHCMex, - )la e caMo mu-
HHHT Top, HO TH.SI )lHBOJIH '(3a PHHallH Te) npeHeJ IH BCH'IKHH TOP H OT
KOMllIHHTef Xa-xa-XH-XH!" - me npH.npy.>KaT B xop BCHqKHTe MOMH, a
p£J JHI' H03 HH 05Hl/AH 473.
a rroc-
fle-rKa.-ia noTbB a B 3el\un a, aKo e HMaJia Kypa *a .na OTHJ.le Haao.n
Jie Ta.H cJJyqKa. (Coo6 m.aaa 6a6a ·Mapl rn OT c. ToJ.(hO
BU.H.)
a.
- AmKoJICYH, 6pe KoJih o! - Ka3BaT BCHqKH Ha naKOCTHHK
HBa )KeHa
-T'bH Tp.H6Baf .Lla 3Hae MOMa, qe ,l.leKa CTbITH .Mb)K e.nHa n~KJJ
tte 6HBa.
He Mo:>Ke )la noMHp11rne. .lla 3Hae TaSI xy6oc niHu. a,tJ; c Mo.>K mera
.llo6-
HeKa ce npucM ee naK! (Coo6 maaa 6a6a MapH .H,c. ToJihOBUH, 6a6a
c. Kapa -
pa, c. TBop. nnua, 6a6a CTo.H, c. PycoK acTpo , 1-1 6a6a .lloHa ,
6yHap .)
l1 3a Ta.ff naKOCT MO.MbKbT He MO)Ke .na 60.ne HaKa3aH. CaMO 6a-
maTa Ha MoMaTa, KaTo xy6ae o Hanc yaa c:aMaTa MoMa, oTHJ.le
y .noMa Ha
.
MOM'bK8 H Ka:>Ke Ha 61,m.a M)':
cpal\1; Tyii,
,,Ee, 6aii .llo6p H, Barn KoJih o M.eHe JIii Aa cTopH TOH
He 09aKBax. " ' MY
· ,,Jl.eTHHCKH YM - oTroaap.H 6ama Ta Ha KoJi ho.- I1J.(u, Ta
noMH Hlll
Ka3BaH TH HeMy, qe ToBa e rJiyno cT. MJia, nocT- rJiyno cT. He
JTH, 6a:u feopr H, KaKBO Bbprn exMe ii HHe c Te6e a MJia,l.lHHH."
11 6aH
aam.oTo
feopn t H3nHe qama Ta c paK11HKaTa, na Haee.ne rJiaBa H MoJilJH,
pa6oT H,
6att JJ..o6pu ro y.napHJJ Ha HaH-CJia6oTo M.HCTO - HanoMHHJI MY
H KOHTO
CB'bp3aHH C M.113,llHHHTe, K011TO pa6on-1 ca BbpmeHH H OT Hero
aBHJJ HJ,f. (CJJ)'l JKaT~
Ii TOH caMHlJ 'bK e ClJHTa Jl B CBOe BpeM e 3a Haii-np
e a c. MaJIK a KaiiH ap.n.* a, CHJIHCTpeHCKo.)
ta! •
T o.H oqHqa if cpern.ttax ·c:aMo B H3TOtJHa 6bJJra pHH H B IC.>Kt
B 3ana.ntta 6'bJJr aplrn TOH e H3lJe3HaJ1 CbBb pmett o.

3) TI O r a H a C b 6 0 T a •
Toaa e nocJTe~HaTa co6oT a rrpeA» EoroH BJieH He.-
TH, a
KottTO ce po.u..11 a TOH .neH, He:rvty ce npHKalJBaT BCH.lJKHTe 6oJieC
I ape
oco6Ho ,llpaK)'CbT n BHTo poT (C6H Y VII, 13&, Pyrr1.1oc, c. l.JeneJ
H Xam1 tta). ·

H) TI p O TI b .>K J.l a H e TI O ra H H T e JI. H H,

5 .HH)'a pH

BoooKp'lJU(U, Kpi,cmoeiJeH (AxoptJe.'Ie61-1ii~Ko),Hehm-

Ka (B.HTo.rJCKo), HuRiJ Ka (XacK oBCK o) .
Te
. ToH .neH ce Kporn.aaa BO,l.laTa H ITOilbT XO,l.lH C KpbCTa ri.o · KblllH
3a 3,l.lpa ae Ha CTO-
.na p'bCH; ·oTTaM o TOSI .neH ce IlOCTH : He .ff)le ce Meco
)J.O TOH
'KaTa. Jl.o TOSI ,l.leH XO)l.HT H CTapUHTe (M.aCKrne), a TaKa CblllO
H KaTo
)leH XO)lH H KapaKOHJ.l)KO. To.ff: .neH ce no)lHT ITora ttnTe J.lHH
O C TRX nponb )J.eH
MHHe IlOilbT , IToraH HTe J.lHH ca npOilb ,l.leHH , a 3ae)lH
e H KapaKOHJ.l.>KO, a TaKa H )lpyrH Te HeqHCTH .nyxoBe.
B TOS1 .nett BCeKH n11e OT KpbCT eHaTa BO,l.la H Belle ce
CllHTa oqac-
TeH OT ·MpoCHHTe )lHH.
B c. TTeTKoao, AxoptJeJ1e611iicKo, TOH .neH ce nb)J.HT IToraH HTe .ll.HH
C oco6eH o6pe.n, H3BeCTeH IIO)J. [HMeTo] CUBYU HUt1a HJIH COOOU
.Httt1a.
474 P.HMHT'bP MAPHHoa

ToH C1>W.H 0611qaif cpern.Hax H B c. BaJJBaH, T'bpHOBCKo. ETo KaK cTaaa

Tipe.n.H o6H)l ce C'b6HpaT BCHllKH MOMH 11 rrpaBHT e.nHo M0MHlle H~
,,6yJJKa", a .n.pyro Ha ,,MOM'bK". ByJIKaTa npeBeCBaT (aa6yJIBaT) c 6yJio
OT qepBeH Il0HC c peCHH, OT KOHTO YWHBaT 6yJio, HO peCHHTe .na .Il0H.lJ.aT
Ha.I( 01.IHTe. MoMHlleTO-MOM'bK o6JIHllaT B M"b}KKH .u.pexH. C TOH M0M'bK ff
6y~1IKaTa Tp'brBaT MOMHTe, KOHTO me neHT, a )lpyn-1 no-MaJJKH M0MH'leta
H0CSIT Top6a, )lHCarH H KOWHHUa, B KOHT0 ce ry}K)laT no)lapeHHTe He-
ma: 6paWHO, JIYK, CJJ3HHHa , naCT'bpMa, HHUa If .np., KOH K8KB0T0 .Zla.ne.
E.n.Ha OT MOMHTe HOCH KOTJie C BO)la H KHTKa 6oCHJJeK. Bo.naTa e .llO-
HeceHa OT KJJa)l.eHeua HJIH OT peKaTa rrpe3 HOIUTa B ITOT3HHa ..no6a. Ta»
Bo)la B TOH CJiy11aii ce HapHlla COBOUHUlllKa eoaa. O6pe,ll'bT ce Ka3Ba
COBOHHHU3, . a MOMHTe, KOHTO XO.UHT - C080UHUL{U.
Te xo)lHT no K'bIUHTe H neHT necm,1, Jlo)leTo ce neHT necmne >
.,
6y..11KaTa TOITH KHTKaTa B KOTTieTo B COBOHHHUJKaTa. BO,Zla H p'hCH BCH'I·
KHTe B K'hmH, TH p'bCH H BCHllKHTe crpa,zu-1. Karo npep'bCH xopara B
K'bmaTa H crpa,llHTe, Mp'hCHHTe HJIH noraHHTe )l.HH ca npon'h)l.eHH, K'b-
maTa e oqHCTeHa, a Mp'bCHHTe H HellHCTHTe JlYX0Be aae.nHo C Kapa.:
K0HJl.)ICO Belle ca nporoHeHH.
IleCHHTe ce neHT Ha e.ntta MHoro HrpHBa MeJJO)l_JUJ'.

CoBoHHHUe Jie, 6yJIKe_Jiel I(HTKa MY ·6oCHJieK Ha CTpaHa.

K'hJle X0JJ.HW, see THqaUJ,
C'bC 6HJI MH Me.nH:nK Ha poKa,
Coe 6HJI MH Me)I.HHK 38 BO)l.8.
KHTKa TH 60CHJieK Ha CTpaHa.
CoBo:uHHue Jie, 6yJIKe Jiel
.ne TH e BOHHO, 6yJIKe Jie?
QrHW'b31_ MH e, OTHlll'bJJ.
3-a HOBO JIHT0, npoJIHTO.
Cera lf..Il8T npHneBKH:
HeJJ.HJIKOB0TO M0MHqe MapHH,
KoJJ.e XO.llH, Bee THtJa·
C'bc 6HJI MH Me)l.HlfK B p'bKa,
CTOHH CH B'bB )l.BOpH CT0eme.
. (HMeTO Ha JII060BHHKa) .
MapHH npea rrJieTa npoHHtJa,
(HMeT0 Ha .111060BHlfU8T8)
Ta cH CTo~Ha 38HHtJa.
CTOHH CH MapHH c'hrJie.na,
Ta cH npe3 nJiera npoHHqa.
MapHH MY c'bpue H3HH11a(H3B8:)KJla)
KaTO M8JIKO IT'bCTpO 3MHnqe.
CTOHH CH npe3 nixer rrocerHa,
Ta CH MapHH y.110BH,
Ta CH MapHH aaB'hpTH.

CJiywaHH OT 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa, 110 M"b>K U.oHtiOBHUa, c. 6a.'IB3H,

T1>pHOBCKO, 4 aar. 1889 r.

ToH CbIIUUI 06u11ajj cpew.HaX l{ BC. Jle,neHHK H B .n.pyrH OKOJIHM re..

Jia . .llpyra,ne ro HHMa.
llo,nero M0MHTe rre.HT nm neCHH, 6yJIKaTa 1-1rpae, KaTo ruqa or
e,llHa pe,nHIIa )1.0 ,npyra H p'bCH C KHTKaTa. ITocJie ~J) J-f 3a B K'bIUaTa H
p'bCH BCHllKH H BCHK'b)le. TyK ce 3aMeCTBa ITOIT'bT H qepKOBHOTO p_'bcette.
(C1:,m11j)T 0611'llaH e onHratt H B C6HY, XVI-XVII, 42.)
pEJI HfH .03 HH OEH I./AH 475
1<.) B o )l Hu H, B or o H e JI e H He, 6 5rnyapH

B ITpnJien TOH .ueH ce HapHqa M?JJICKU eoiJul{u.

Cpewy Bo.UHUH e mpemama - nocJie)lHaTa KaiJeHa Be'lep.
Ha rpane3aTa CJiarar naK XJIH6, HO B TOH CJIYllaH He OT llHCTO
nweHH'IHO 6panrno, a CMeceHo c npoceHo 6paurno e·11ecT Ha npocoTo;
HJIK'b)le BMecro npoceHo ry>KJlaT uapeBHllHo 6paurno. •
Ha rpane3ara CJiarar ome: .TPHT (,11.>1<ypKaH) q>acyJI, eapeHo 3eJie
HJJH capMJ:1, opexu H ~HHO. BCH'IKH TH.ff HCTHH ca IlOCTHH,
• Tpane3aTa ce npeKa.nea naK c .1JeMe>1<a u Ka,lleHeTo H3Bopmea
saii-cTapm1T M'b>K B K'hmara.
B c·. To)lhOBUH, EJieHCKo, Ta.SI ee11ep Ka)lHT npn llpyrHTe Hema
oIUe H 'leJJIOCTHTe Ha CBHHCKa1 a fJiaBa, OCTaHaJia OT Bac1rn HJIH Cypo-
BaKH, Toea o6a11e He cpeulHaX Ha .n.pyro MHCTO. TIHTaT
a OT Cl\1€C€HOTO
6paWHO e npHCHa H 6e3 mapKH. B c. To)lbOBUH H B HHKOH ,11.pyrH ceJia
cpeIUHax mapKH, HO Te ce npaBHT C BHJIHUa HJIH orpH6Ka H, KaKTO 3a-
6eJIH3ax, TH.ff mapKH ca npOH3BOJJHH. IllapKHTe Ha XJIH6a BC. To,nbOBU,H· .
npHJIH'l&T Ha TH.ff· B XJIH6a, npe)lCTaBeH B pHc .•Nh 395. B TaH nura
ce ry>K.Zla naK cpe6peHa napa, Ta TpeTH nor .ua ce BHJl.H y Koro me 6-1,-
Ae K'bCMeT'bT Ha K'bIUaTa npe3 ro)luHaTa. Tyii cTaea no npenop'bKa Ha
HapO,AHOTO BHpBaHe, KOeTO YTBop>K)laBa, qe BCHllKO rpH6Ba .n.a CTaBa
AO rpH Il'bTH, . ·
11 TOH o6u11aii He C'bW.ecrayea )lHecKa HaBCHK'hJl~. B Axop11eJie-
6uikKo, e c. TTerKoBo, ce Bopum raKa. Karo ce npeKa,nH Tpane3aTap
AOMaKHH'bT JIOMH ITHTaTa H CJiaBu:

JloMHTe 3a focnyJlH,
3a caera Byrypo.uHua,
11 33 CBeTH K'bpCT :--.
.Ila HH .naaaT 3,llpae e H )KHBOT!
lla HH nyMar a, .
M .uy ry)lHHa cac 3Jlpaee u 6epeKeT
lla .llY'I.SIKBaMe coH )leH.
Ct'iHY, XIII, 21
TTocJie Toaa pa311ynaa nuTaTa.
Hapo.nttoro BHpBaHe YTB'bp>KJlaBa,. 11e npe3 Hom,Ta cpemy Bo-
rpHBJieHHe T'bKMO a rJiyxa )lo6a ce OTBapHJIO He6oTo. 11 KOHTO MO>KeJI
· .Ila.BH,!lH TOBa, BCH'IKO lll.0 ITO)Ke.'Jae, fOCITO)l MY .UaBa,TI. 3aToBa H51KOra
Haµ.IuTe cTapH. He ca cnaJiu npe3 TaH How.. ·
no TOH CJiy11aii HMa TaKaBa CMeWHa npHKa3Ka. E.n.HH 'IOBeK Ha oc-
HOBaHue Ha TOBa BHpBaHe He cmM npe3 TaH HOlll. H H3HCTHHa BH)lHJI
He69ro oreopeHo. Ho a MHHyTaTa, KoraTo .ua H3Ka>Ke caoeTo >KeJiaHHe►
Toii ce c61>pKaJI. Toii MHCJIHJI .na Ka>1<e: ,,Bo>Ke, .nau MH llIHHHK >K'hJITH-
UHr', HO c61>pKaJI ce, Ta Ka3aJI: ,,Bo>Ke, .uau MH IIIHHHK rJiaBal" H
rocno.n MY H3n'hJIHHJI JKeJiaHHeTo. Ha r oH 'IOBeK rJiaBaTa My nopacHaJia
KaTo WHHHK .
476 PHMHT1,P MAPHHoa

Ha JJ.pyrHSI )J.eH, KoraTO ce H3Bbpnrna BeJIHKOTO BO)J.OOCBeUJ.eHHe

JieMe>Ka, C KOHTO ca Ka,ll.HJIH npe3 TPHTe Ka)J.eHH aeqepu, OTHHCat H~
peKaTa H ro OKbilBaT; nocJie, KaTo ro YBHSIT B 11HCT MeCaJI, OTH11ca1
ro B JJ.OMa. ·
ToH o6pe.!I. ce H3Bbpnrna B qecT Ha H11BaTa.
, · Cbmo TaKa XBbpraT B peKaTa TPH uenJieHKH OT 6b)J.HHKa (c.
PHiu, IlpecJiaBCKo) . ·
ToH ,ll.eH OTHHC3T HKOHHTe OT BCH'IKHTe KbmH Ha peKaTa H CJie.l{
BeJIHKHH BO)J.OCBeT IlOTOilHBaT n1 BbB BO,ll.aTa. IlpH TO.H CJiyqaif, T. e.
KOf3TO TOITHT HKOHHTe, B~HqKHTe MOMH11eTa CH YMHB3T JIHU:eTo H p'bQe-
"Te, 3a JJ.a 6nJJ.aT npe3 ro,ll.HHaTa 6eJiu-qepaeHH H )J.a He 6oJieJJ.yBaT or
npHlllKH no JIHU:eTO (c. IleTKOBO, AxnpqeJie6HHCKO, C6HY·, XIII, 2)).
B BHTOJHI TO.H )teH Ha BCHKa CTOMHa me Bbp>KaT no e)J.HH KpoCT
OT 6oCHJieK.
B Tp.HBHa TOH )J.eH r Jie)J.aT ,ll.a 3anoMHHT KOH BHTbp JJ.yxa a MO·
MeHTa, KoraTO ce H3BbplllBa BO)J.OCBeT; TaK'bB BHTbp me Jtyxa H npea
UHJTaTa ro.z(HHa. ·
06mo BHpBaHe e, 11e aKo · TOH .nea 3aMpb3He KJ,tTKaTa Ha nona, .
c KO.HTO pbCH, me HMa MHOfO fOJIHM 6epeKeT.
B Axnp11eJie6uiicKo TOH ,ll.eH H3BbpmBaT KnnaHe, H3BeCTHo TYK
IlO)J. H33B8HHeTo xacKaHe. IlocJie BeJIHKJUI BO,ll.OCBeT CWHpaT ce 5-6
..llYlllH, KOH.TO me XO)J.HT no K'bmHTe )J.a xacKam (JJ.a K'bilHT). Te ca xac~
xapu (KbnH11apH).Te xacKaT neJJeHa'leTa )J.eu;a, 2AaBeHUl{U (KOHTO ca
cro.neHH), 6yJIKH H MJl3,ll.O}KeHUH, KOHTO ca ce O>KeHHJIH TaH 3HMa, na
Ii Te3H, KOHTO 33 npbB Il'bT nocpemaT Bo.nHUH O>KeHeHH. XacKaReTO
CTaBa no TOH Ha11HH. YJl3B.HT JIHUeTo, HO aKO e .M'I;>)K - IlO,llXB'bpraT ro
Harope TPH nnTH H BHKaT: ,,X-a-a-a-ca!". 3aTyii H K'hnaHeTo ce Ka3-
Ba xacaHe. rJiaBeHHUHTe- H 6yJIKHTe ue x39T. 88
BceKH Tp.H6Ba )J.a ce OTKynu; He OTKYilH Jill ce, yJiaBHT ro Ha-
CHJia H 33BJIH11aT Ha peKaTa H ro OK'bnBaT.
Toaa c1,mo ce BbplllH H Ha JJ.pynrn ,ll.eH, Ha HaaH0B)J.eH.
K bnaHeTo cTaBa 11pe3 HaJJ.AaBaue. Cnc cn6paHHTe napH Kynysat
BOJI, BHHO H JJ.p. ToH BOJI ce 3~K8JIBa Karo .>KepTBa, fOTBH ce H H)J.aT
BCH'IKJt. AKO OCTaHe Hemo OT Cb6paHHTe napH,_,llaBaT rH Ha qepKBaTa.
(C6HY, XIII, 22.)
ToH o6H11ail - KbnaHeTo ·- e o6m. Toil ce Bbpurn HaBCHK'b,ne,
~aMo TYH cTaea Ha HnaHOBJJ.eH. ·
0 6 H q a .ff T B O )J. H q a p K H. B MopHOBCKO XO)lSIT B0)1.H·
qapKH, MOMH; Te XO)tHT no Kblll,H'Ie H neHT necm-1, K3KBHTO H KOJie,nap-
ll.HTe, 33 BCeKH IIJJeH B KbW.aTa. THH Il~CHH npHJIH113T MHoro Ha J1asap-
CKHTe .. neCHH.
To.ff c1>m. 06H11aii cnmecTByBa" H B IlpHJien, caMo 11e TOH ce H3·
BbpWBa 'He Ha Boro.SJBJJeHHe - Mb)l(KH BO)J.HUH, a Ha 11BaHOB,1J.eH -
)KeHCI<H BO)J.HUH.

e8(TyK aeTOp'bT HMa ope~ BH)l flOAll.B'bpJUJHeTo Ha K'bDaHHTe.)

 ·p E 'JI H r H O 3 H _H O B H l/ A H 477
()6u11aHT e e,llHH Cbl.U.; a lf neCHHTe ca e)lHa.KBH, CaJ\.IO HHKb,lle
I-{

no-n'bJIHH, a HHKb,lle no-KpaTKH, a HMa If neCHH C Jlpyro Cb)l'bp>KaHHe.

H1-te TYK m.e H3JIO>KHM o6u11a.H c necHttTe.
B npuJten Ha 7 ffHyapH, HBaHOB)leH, m.e ce Cb6epaT M0MH'leTa H..
me 3aCTaHaT npe,ll UbpKOBHHTe spaTa; KoraTo H3JIH33T xopaTa H3 UbpK-·
ea, Te m.e 0TB0pHT npeCTHJlKHTe CJ{ (yHe'll!KU) H I.U.e neHT neCHJ,f. THH
M0MH11eT3 ca OT )leCeT fO,llHHII Ha)l0JIY. XopaTa, KaTo MHHaBaT, XBbp-·
JUIT HM napH B npecn1JIKaTa. noc:1e THfl Cblll.H u.rrn Jlpyrtt )leua ce c'b-
6tt'paT Ha KYil'lllHKH II TpbrBaT )la XO)lHT no Kblll.HTe 1-1 .u:a neHT 0Tpe-
)leH» necm-t. T1-rn M0MH'leTa ce HapH11aT ooiJu'tapKu, a necttuTe oo-
au'lapcKu necHU. HHKora B0,llH'lapKHTe ca 6HJJH B'h3paCTHH M0MH, CblU,O
KaKT0 H Jia3apKHTe, M Te Ha ca CT0SIJIH npe)l UbpK0BHHTe BpaTa; npe)l
U'hpK0BHHTe epaTa ca 6H.7JH JlpyrH MaJIKH M0J\.Hl'leTa, a BO)lH11apKHTe ca.
6HJ11f MOMH.
ETo necttnTe.
npe)l UbpKOBHHTe BpaTa:
Oua cTpaHa oraH ropuT,
BeTep BeHT, He ro CHJIHT,
Poca pocttT, Hero racnT.
He MH 6HJIO cuJJeH oraH,
ToKy 611Jia 6o.>1<a MaHKa;
CHHa H0CHT Ha KbpW.eHe,
lla ro KbpCTHT ceeTtt Aoeatt.
MHJI. N~ 629. Cp1L C6HY , II, 14; VIJJ, 123, HOTHpa,1a

CJie)l KaTO J.13Jle3HaT xopaTa OT UnpKBa, B0,ZUt'lapKnTe TpbrBa.

no K'hlll.HTe.
Ow.-e He BJie3o11H B K1:W..a Ta, npe.ll. spaTaTa nesIT:
)

CTaMWHMHe, )J.OMaKHHe!
JloMaJIM CH·, aJJH He CH?
AKo cm1:ern, pa36y,zu1 ce,
AKo nuern, aeceJIH ce,
Kau TH H)laT· MHJIH f0CTH,
MHJJH f0CTH BO,llH113pKH.
C6HY, VIII, 123, HOTMpaM_a. Cpe. MnJJ .·, .N2 630; C6H~·. 11, 14-

KaTo &JieaHar B- Knlll.H·, ne.SIT neCHH ·Ha BCeKH 'IJieH OT Knlll;aTa

cnope,ll HeroaoTo · noJioJKeHHe.
Ha CTap 110BeK:

OBAe ,llnpBoCTOJIOBHTO,
CTo~oBHTo, rpaaoeHTo,
fpaHKH MY ce AO HffleCH,
A KOJ>eHhe cypa aeM.ff;
478 l!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

. fpaHKH MY ce MHJIH cHax11,

A KopeHhe CHHOBHTe,
A B'bplllKHTe MHJIH BH)'UH.
C6HY, V, 27, N!! 8, c. neiuattH, Mop1-1oscKo

,llpyra:
CH HOH MY CBel\bH caerar'
<:e,llttaJI MH e crapH 5IHo A cHaH tJY .llHBaH croHr,
11 .)lo Hero .5IttoHua A BHYUH MY cnyra CJiy,icar,
Ha IlOCTeJIH 6y6aKbepHH, ,Ila CH qeKaT MHJIH fOCTH,
Ha nePHHUH KonpHHeHH.. MHJIH rocrH BO,llHtiapKH. .
C6HY, VIII, 123, N!! 4, HornpaHa. Cps. C6HY, II, 15; MHJI. M 628

Ha 3aMO)KeH qoaeK: TH CH 6oraT H npe6oraT,

TicxpaJIHJI ce 6oraT Hao:
.,,A3 cyM 6oraT H npe6orar,
H OT uapa H ae3Hpa,
·Orpe,!le .nsope Jiena KYKH,
.[.{Hpe,n3HTe Il03JiaKeHH,
.[.{o .nae M'bCKH o6pyneaHH."
{}r c6op Ha c~op uapy nomJio,
ITy~HJI · uapor rpH a6epH·,
Mn ro 3e)le 6orar Hao.
Uap'bT BeJIHT H rpaopHr:
.,,Illo cil 6HJIO H aeceJio?
MH-11., :N'!! 634, ITpHJien
Ha AOMaKHHKara:
CoH coHHJia 5IHK)'JIHua
Ha yrpHHa ao tte,neJIH:
HaHHKHaJia .sr6oJiruHHua
Crpe,zte ,ztBope necotJHHa,
Crpe6pett Kopett, aJiaTHH rpaHKW
3asopsaJia ner sr6oJIKa,
fleT H60JIKa Il03JI8KeHH.
foaoperne. 5IHKyJrnua:
,,A 5IttKyJI a, rocnoiiHHe I
.lla, cyM COH .H COHHJia
Bo He,zteJIH Ha ·· yrp1rn·a'-
MHJJ., N!! 622, Tipu.1en
H or uapa H. aeailpa". ·
ITporosopH 6orar Hao:
,,He ·cyM 6oraT coc croKara,
TyK · cyM 6orar co KYKHTa.
Toa a ~o e JI en a KYKH, .
Tqaa MH e JlOM3KHHKa;
.[.{Hpe,zt3HTe ,Il03Jl3KeHII,
THe MH cer CHHOBHTe;
A M'bCKHTe o6py)KeHH,
THH MH cer MHJIH KepKH.-"
.J13HHKH8JI3 .H60JIIIIHHU8
Crpe.ne .naope necotJHHa,
Crpe6peH KopeH, 3JI8THJt rpaHKH,
3aaop3aJia ner H60JIKa;
fler H60JIKa Il03JI8KeHH".
' 5IHKyJia H roaoperne:
,,5IHKyJim:.{e, (?pe Heaec1ol
To'a .m t TH He T~KHy'er?
5I60JilllHHU.3 caMa TH CH,
A H60JIKa HaUIH Jleua."

Ha HeBHcra:
IUo e Hoaa .llOJIY noA ceno:
,llaJI e rnarop, 6eJI rnarop,
,llaJ1 e rpyTKa cHerosa?
TaR He MK e ·rpyrKa CHeroaa,
 1
pEJTHfl103 Hl1 OS/1 /A/1 479
TaH He Mij e rnihop, 6e.rr warop;
TaH MH e l\iJiaJla HeBe-cra, '
MJia,na HeB~Ta xy6?rna.

C6HY,V, 27, ,N'!! 9, c. nel.llaHH, MopHOBCKO

.llpyra:
Heeecnrue UbpHouoKo,
3aIII1IO TH ce IlOJIH poCHH,
flOJIH pOCHH, eM paKaH?
- CyM CH 6paJio pOCHa rpeBa,
PocHa Tpe-ea ,nere.,rnHa,
3a Toa MH ce IlOJIH poCHH .•
CHHOK ,nou,ne MHJIH ~paroK,
CH ,nottece 6bp3a KOH.ff.
C6HY, VIII, 124, M 7, OpHJien. (11MaM .B Mosi: c6opHHK CbLUaTa neceH, HO
TaMO e nO-JtbJira. TyK KaTO qe e He)lOBhpweHa. Mosua e csaT6apcKa).

Ha cpe,nHa )Ke_!ia:
)l(eJJHMKa Bo ,nBop ce,nerue, ·
BeJia n11eH11ua BbpJierue,
11 ua ryJia6H, BHKame:
- KoJiaaure, 6eJIH ryJia6a,
Ha eceH ,na Mli .ziou,nere . . .
C6HY,"V, 27, N2 6, c. Tieinauu: MopuoscKo. (11 TaSI neceu Hee JlOB1>pweea.
Mosn BapuaHT e no-nbJien; TSI ce nee Ha csat6a.)

.llpyra:
KHHHca:1, HBo, KHHHCaJI,
Bo CeJio BHHO ,na nHe, .
Ha 11ac HeBecra no Hero:
-· BpaTH ce; HBo, Bparif ce,
Jlo6p H J:11:f fOCTH JlOHJlOBa,_
MaIIIKO HH ,nere caKaiia,
3aHaHT ,na ro HayqaT; .
CrpaIIIHH MOCTeBH ,na np8BH,
fpeWHHTe ,nyruH ,na BbpB.RT.
·c6HY, V, 27, N27, c. Tieinau_H, MopHOBCKO

Ha MoMuqe:
11Ma MaiiKa MHJia Kepka;
Ta H nyw.u Ha ee11epKH,
ll~ _ce y11H TJ>H r~,nHHH;
480 )lHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

~ He ce y11M TPH rO)lHHH,

TyKy ce Y'1H TPH MeCeUH,
MM HaBe3a TPM repreBM;
E.lleH 3a MaHKa CH,
EAeH 3a TaTKa ·cM,
EJ{eH caMo 3a ce6e CH.
C6HY, V, 26 , ,N'!! I, c . neuia1rn, MopHoB-.:Ko
,llpyra:
11MaT MaMKa MHJia KepKa,
fl poMeHH 51, HaKHTH 51,
06~eqe 51 BO CBHJieHO,
Bo ~BHJieuo, KonpttueHo,
Ta nylll.H 51 BO J{pyra'1KH,
.Ila TH ne1n, ]{a TH HrpaT.
MH.il. N2 626, ITpH. 1en 1

Ha MOMa:
Ilpornba JiyJ{o MJiaJ{o,
HH3 EeJIHrpaJ{a 6e3HCTeHa;
Hm11To Hero 6eHJJ.Hcya,
ro 6eHJJ.ilca UopHo rpo 3be.
ro 6eHJJ.HCa, ro J1.0KYilH ,
)la ro api,3a B maMH51Ta,
0.llH, OJ{H JJ.O IlOJI naTa,
Ha JT3TO Ce)IH3 J:{3
C6HY, V, 27, N!! 3, c. nell..\aHM, MopHOf3Cl<O
J,,faroaopH UopHo rp03he:
- Bapau JIYJJ.O, JIYJ{O MJia~op
·Ta He cyM cH uopHo rp03be,
I.(1>pHo rpo3be 3a 306a11be,
TyKy . cyM CH MaJia MOMa,
MaJia MOM3 33 .,1y6eHbe,
ro 306a. 3a Jiy6eHhe, 33 M3M C'Hbe.

BapHaUH.SI JJ.pyra:
ITpoitaaa ce uopHo rpo3be, Ce HaaaTH JIYJJ.O MJia).J.o.
Bo qapmH.SI ,llpeHOIIOJIUKa, He MH 6HJIO uopHo rpo3be,
Bo KOllJCH paKHJ{OH: TyK Mft 6u..10 MaJiofl MOMe,
EJJ.HO 3opHO TpH HJI.SIJ{H,
MaJiofl MOMe uopHOOKO,
A ,llBe 3opHa mec HJIHJJ.H.
HeMa Kyneu JJ.a H KynH, l(opHOO~O, pycoK0CO.
C6HY, II, 15, ITpHJien
,Upyra:
MoMa MeT~ Jiena u1>pKBa.
Co )lBa cTpaKa 6eJI 6~HJibOK,
Co JIOilaTa CTpaTopora,
Me-re H CH 6ora MOiIH:
- ,UaH M-H, 6o>Ke, nona CBeKpa,
Ilona caeKpa, rHKa JJy6a,
A cBeK1>psa nona,nifJ1.
C~HY, V, 27, Ht 4, c. Tiem.aHH, MopHoecKo (Hen1»JJHa, cne,Ana-ra e n'bJIH3.
p E JI· H r H- 0 . 3 H H O .6 H
Tpera:
l.{'bpKBa MeTHT M3JIO
Co ,ABa cTpaKa 6ocHJibKo'H,
EM CH Me'rHT, 6ora MOJIHT:
_ ,llaii MK, oo*e, nona cseKpa,
H cseK'bpBa nona;AHSI,
.H Aa se •aM rJ111e MOM'le r
MH.11., Nt 627. TTpHJien
Cf A J1. 481
MOMe, KaKo 6ora noMOJJHJta,
T aKa rocrio.zt ii noMoron,
Ta H .zta.zte nona caeKpa
11 cseK1>paa nona,l{H.ff,
11 ce 3e.zte rJrq.e MOMqe •

Ha- MOMqe:

l1M3 Maii,K a MHJI=a CHHa, 11 ere ro K8K CH JilAH-:

MHJJa cH1ta KocTa)J;HHa:. - ]laii ~H, M8HKO, CTOJI .aa
IlpoM~Hlf ro, · _HaKHTH ro ce)lHaM,
Bo CBHJleHO, KODpHHeHo; CToJI. .zta ce,AHaM, qarna B paue,
OnawH· MY CBMJlelf. nose, Bo qamaTa - poiiHo BHHO,
3a~aq•H' MY CTpe6peH .,AHBHT, Bo BHHO'rO - rpytKa IIreKbep.
.Uait MY B paue 6ena KHHra, ]lo rpyTKaT-a-6ypMa 01,pcTeH-;
fla nymqH fO Ha M'8HaCTHp, Hape)lH MH .ztO TpH
T31iUH·,
,lla- TR y11H 6e.1Ja KHHr-a, Ao TPH TBHUH- BO,ztMq·e picH;
Bena KH~ra, UbpHO DHCMO. Ko.ff Kbe .ff a3 6eH)tHcaM-,
~ -- . •, . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . . HeR Kbe .ff n1>pcTeHyBaM.
C6HY, VIII. 124, M 6, ITpHJien. Cp'B. Mn.-1., N-i 631
Ha MOM'bK (epreH):

Bo.zta ·BO.ztH JIYJl.O MJia.ztO,

Bo.na MY ce He B~erue:
Hewqo MY .ff npenHrnye;
Jipen.nI,Uytf Mopcxa: J)iH6a;
He, MH 6HJm Mopcxa pH6a,
Tyxy 6Hno· MaJtoA MoMe.
C6HY, VIH. 123, N21.:s, HOTHpawa,.BpHJten·. €pu·. €(Jl-l)Y, H, 15, C'bl® oT
Ilp11.11eu.; Mu. 16-624-, C?'bW.~ OT Ilplt.nen. H MHJI'·. Taw neoeH e ·cMeceHa. c .a.pyra,.
eern,.aea, nes1Ha Ha HesstcTa. ·

Jlpyra:
CMHJUIHKHe, JI,Y..zto .zteref
CMHJJb 'f.H DOSl,C IlOJlOBHHa,
Ce_H, TH, JIYJJ.O- 'y6aBHHa, .
Ill~ TH HHUO oBeHaJio?
1:llo T-H ycTa noTr.opeAa~
lifJI. .neKa CH He.>KeHeTo?

31
 482 II. H M H T. 1, P M ,4 f> I( H. O. a

TK CK HMalll MHJIH T8TKO,

Te6e MJ18.ll0 HeKa >KeHHT,
MoMa HMaT y K0MlllHH.
MH.1. N263?.' n pHJten

0 6 11 q a H T T a ii' a H H. B B 1Ho.1H cpell.ly J'f aaH0BJteH ae~ep-

Ta OOHH3B3T e)lHH TIOM (6aK'bpeH C'b.ll) C BCHK3KBH ' l(BeT.H, ·Typrat
·My TeJI Kato Ha 6yJIKa; TOSI TeJI 3HM3T OT 6yJIKa, ,K0HT0 e Z06Jl/JQ. (Toea
e 0T)leJ1e1:1 nepH0.ll epeMe 33 6y~'JK3Ta CJJe.ll BeHll3BK3T~.) OSI r_! ipM ll(e
ro noKj>HSIT C npeeec - C e.nHa .nyMa, me ro yKpaCHT K8T0 6yJIKa. TOSI
flOM me TYPHT Ha rJiaBaTa Ha M0MH'le. OKOJIO T0Ba M0MH'le ce Hap,e.>K,11.aT
.11.pyrH MOMH'leTa H me ce YJIOBSIT 38 poueTe, HO TaKa Hape.l(eHJt, ll\OTO
Haii-aucoKaTa. .l(a .l(OH.l(e Haif-Hanpe.a, a HaH-HHCKaTa - Hafr-HaKpaH.
TaKa HapeneHH me XO.llffT no llelllMHTe H me iieHT CJie.l{HHTa· neceH:
. TanaHH fb8HH3M3Ta,
KoKb3a, mMa, wMaKH K'b3a ... H .ap.
.llaaaT HM 6palllHO, napH H .apyro. OT C'b6paHOTO 6paWHO ll\e np'a-
,1

BRT PY'IOK H me py"laT. TiapHTe me CH pa3.ne.,rnT HJIJI µi.e Kyn.RT eMHlll

aa ·H.lleHe.
B Kpyrnoao i3 rICMa ry>IQlaT npocTeHHTe H "IHH np'bCTeH w.~ 60.11.e
no-o6eneH (T'bMHO npe.11.a.l(eHo), TaH MoMa me ce oJKeHH no-61,p30~
-(C6HY, XIII, 144.)
ToH ~uqaii ce,..HapH"la ma.iJ,aHu. Toii MHoro npHJIH"la Ha o6ut1aJl
Mapa-H-JlHrnaHKa, KOHTO me onHrneM TYK no-.nony. A3 HaMHpaM TOH
o6H11aii tafiaHu ·Hen'bJTH0 onHCaH u npe.na.neH. Ko~Ko Cb>KaJIHBaM, 11e
He M0>Kax .aa DOCeTH TH.ff ' MeCTa -1H'IHO. I.IJ.Hx .lla H3Heca MHoro 88)1\HH
OOH'laH H o6pe.au.

JI) 11 B a H 0 8 .ll e H, 7 JIHyapH

B Tipunen ce Ka3ea )KeHCKU eoout4u_. ToH .lleH om.e

B T'bMHH 3OpH me ~oHecaT npHCHa eq.na OT KJiaJ(eaeua HJIH OT peKaTa;
npe.anoquTa ce BOJJ.3, KOSITO Teqe; H B JlSIKOH fOJI.SIM C'bJJ., HanpuMep
B 'l'1J6'11p, me 61,.naT Il0T0ilE:HH BCH'IKHTe .neua, a B'bpxy D0-B1-3pacT-
HHTe. me. ce cune UHJI KOTeJI eo.11.a.
K 1,. p -~ ·a e T o cTaea B-'bH·, Ha oTeopeHo. Tyii Kon aHe ce e1,prn u 33
3.llpaee.
TOH .l(eH HaBCHK'b)J.e K'bilHT 6yJIKHTe u MJia)J.0>KeHUHTe, K0HT0 ca
o>KeHeHH Taff 3HM8 JJ.O HeaHOB.l{eH; CJie,ZtTOBa XOJJ.SIT MOMUH no CeJIOTO,
Ta K'bDSIT scu-iKH HeaHoeuH; Kon.HT nopBeHUHTe H no-3aM:o>KHHTe.
KoHTO ae JK~1aS1T .11.a 61,.11.aT K'hnaHH, Te ce OTKyneaT c napu. K1>naHeT0
ce B'bpWH it c HWaBaHe. TaKa IletKo Ka>Ke:.,AKo ox1,nete Heaaa, AaBaM ,
·5 nesa." HeaH 0Tep1,ma: ,,AKo noK oK'bnete Tie-rKa, as naeaM 10·:neea."
H T'bA HWaBaHeTo 0THBa .11.0 20-30, na H·50 ·neea. HRKora ca K'bneJJH
TYPilHTe: 6eAoee-re, narnHTe H .llPYr~ 3aM0>K'HH ·H· ·IMHSITeJtHH TypuH,
KinaqHTe He ca M0lKeJJH .11.a 60,l(aT HHT0 C'b.l{eHH, HHT0 HaKa3B8HH,
PEJIHI'H03 HH 05HC/AJI 483
aKo ca oK:i,naJIH HHKoro aac1fJia. )KaJI6u cpemy K'hnatrnre H.RKora He ca
npHeMaJm no HHKaKhB HalIHH.
(B Moure 6eJie)KKH HMaM 3am1caHH MHoro npuMepu KaK K'hnaqu-
'T_e ca _OTBJieKJIH HaCHJia HHKOH C.HJJeH rpa}l{J{aHHH 6'bJirapHH HJIH rypqHH
H ca ro KbnaJIH Ha peKaTa H :ma~16Jne HM TYPCKOTO C'L)].HJIH~e e OT-
XBbpJIHJIO. TypCKOTO Cb)lHJIHIUe e yBa)l{aBaJIO 6'bJlrapCKHTe OOHtJaH.)
Ha TOH )l.eH B TTpu11en XO)l.HT BO)l.HtJapKH H neHT neCHH,. KOHTO
1rne H3JIO)l{HXMe no-rope.
B c. CeMHCtJe H l0Hyci1e, XacKoBcKo, a3 cpemHax e)l.Ha neceH,
KOHTO ce nee Karo KOJie,napcKa. Ho no CBOeTo C'b)l.bp)l{aHHe TJi° e BO-
~uqapcKa. Ero TaH neceH:

3aMb'IIH ce 6o)l{a MaHKa lll,o e KpbCTHJI He6o, seMJIH,

Or HrHa}KJJ.eH )l.0° KoJieJJ.a, ToA IUe Kp'hcTH .MJia,AeH-6ora •
.6op3aJia e rpa.n. .n.a CTHrHe. TioaHKaxa caer HaaHa
He MO)l{aJia rpa)l. .na crurHe, Lta CH KpbCTH . M11a.n.eH-6ora,
Ho CTHrHana OTBbH noprH. .M1rn,nett-6ora, 60)1{0 HMe,
TaM o6po.nu MJia)J.eH-6ora, CaerH HaaH ce 3ap3JJ..oa,
.MJia,neH-6ora, 60)1{0 HMe. 3anperHa cu 6eJIH poue,_
·HHKOH HHMa oKoJi HeH, XoaHa 6ora c 'AHCH~~poKa
ToKo 6srxa · weer aHreJIH, 11 B'hB JUIBa 'llecTHH Kp'bCTH.
lliecr aureJIH, mecroM-KpHJIUH. · .[{eH ro H_OCH, )l.eH ro _pbCH,.
lliecr attreJIH norJie)J.axa, Ha,npbCH ro H3JJ. 11op)laHa.
Tior11e)l.axa rope, JJ.OJIY, ,ll'hHHIIJ.3 ce Il03JiaTHX8,
]lor11e)l.axa Cse-r HaaHa, fiperooe ce rtocpe~pHXa
Cser HaaHa KpomeJIHHKa, 11 CH Kp'bCTH .MJI3)J..eH-6ora.
CnywaHa oT 6a6a neirn . HsaHosa, no Mh>K Cnasoaa, 10 JOJTH 1899 r.

~) B a 6 u H )l.· e H, 8 HHyap~
T oH )l.eH Hapo)l.bT npasHyoa B qecr Ha AeTCKara 60:-
JiecT, Hapeqeua 6a6UlfU · HJIH c1,piJetuHUlfa. TT pasHyBa ce . om.e .B qe~T
Ha .6a6ama,:i•3a 3.ll.pase Ha )l.e,uaTa u 3a 3)l.paae Ha po)l.HTeJIKHTe >KeHa.
Ha TOH )l.eH ce Bopwar rpu o6uiiaH.
TiopBH.HT 06u1rnii e K'hnaHeTo Ha )l.euara or 6a6ara HJJH qepesraa-
He .n.euaTa or 6a6ara, KaKTo ce KasBa ro51 o6Hqail B c. MeJJ.BeH.·
BropHHT c6HtJaH e rorn.aBKara B .n.oMa ·Ha 6a6ara.
TpetHHT -o6Htiafi e eneqyraHero Ha 6a6ara, T. ·e. K'hnaHero" Ha
6a6ara.
K 'h n a H e u JI H q e p B .R s a H e H a .u. e u a r a.
Ow.e oT EoroHBJieHHe 6a6aTa m.e npHroTBH MacJJo (npHCHo 6HBOJICKO
H111-1 KpaeemKo), Me)l., npoco, KHTKa or 3JJ.pa.aeu. H t1epeea eAac

seB a6a cc ttapHqa >KeHaTa , K ORTO noMara npH H3pa>K~aHero Ha J.tel.\a ra.
484 JiHMHT'bP MAPHHoi;

(B'bJIHa). J,I CYTPHHT3. MH0ro paHo me 0TH,ZJ.e B'bB BC.HKa Koma, AeT0
e 6a6yBaJta. TaMO n'hpBo me oK'bne BCHK0 ,ZJ.e-re, Koero e ne.neHa'le, Ha
n~r-0neMHTe YMHBa 0'IHTe, a Il'bK M0MHTe H 6yJIKHTe nopbCBa OT YPOKH.
Karo oK'bne ,ZJ.ete-ro, TH ro Ma)Ke c Maeno H Me.l1.. Tyii Maaane
HJIH MHpoceaHe e c·. Me,ZJ.seu ce Ka3Ba ,repeMaHe, T. e. 11epBH .ZJ.el\ata.
l(aro 11epeu, 6a6ara 6Jia)KH, r. e. 6JiarocJiae.H:
Jla CH 11epeeHo Kato enaceu.a,
.na 6p'LMllHW K3T0 n'leJIHU3,
.lla cu CJiaAKQ Karo Me,ZJ.eua,
Jla ce BaJlHW Karo npocoro,
ila ce roHm Karo npaceHuel.
Ba6a Boihca BacHarapKa H 6a6a .U)l(e,lla MHJJKOBa, c. Me.peH

B c. MapaWKH Tp'bCreauK 6a6ara HOCH 3'hpHara Ha cyxa KaJIHHKa

H KOf8TO Ma)Ke ,ZJ.eTeTO, 6JiafOCJl3BH;
.ll~. CH 11epeeHo KaTO Ka.JIHHKa,
.na 6p'l>M'IHW K3TO n'leJIHUa H np.
B naeanopm:u,e, Karo 0K'bne JJ.etero, 6a6ara, aKo ,ZJ.erero e MOll-
qe, Ma>Ke C M3CJI0 H npoco nej>'IHM8 MY ta 6pa.nara H MyCTaKHTe C
6sna B'bJIHa. TyK 6Hnara BM Ha 03Ha'laBa crapocr, JJ.a ocrapee. Karo
MaJKe, 6a6ata 6narocnaB.R:

Jla no6eJieem Karo 6S1.11ara B'bJIHa,

Jla OCTapeew_Karo PHJia H Crapa nnaHHHa,
Jla ·ce roHw icaro npaceuue,
.lla CK 3~paao KaTo 3,ll.paeeul
Ba6a, MapHHa .UoCSp.eea

TaH B'bJIHa c;e ycyKea HaJIHB0 H ce npa1m Ha BpbB'IHUa. Koraro

,llerero npoxo.ir.11, ryQaT H B U'bpey.neua. l.(1>pB}!J111ero e or K03a, T. e.
ot K03H KolKa. Tosa ce npaeu, aa .na CKa11a .ZJ.eTeto Karo K03JJe. (Ba~
6a MapHua llo6peea, B·a(5a .na.11a reHqoenua fHMHJJ.lKHHCKa, 6a6a
Pa.Aa MBaHHila To.neaa, IlaHanoplU.lle).
·B c. JIHTaKoBo, OpxauHlkKo, 6a6ara MalKe 'leJJoro Ha JJ.eTeT0 c
BHRU~, MaCJI0 H npoco, K0eT0 03Ha11aea.no: ~JJ.paBe, H300HJIHe H IlJIO•
.nopo,aHe. (.6a6a B'bJJ~aHa.)
B c. B'b30.Be11,}loMcKo (npecen.eHH OT BnawKo}, 6a6ara e npuroT-
BHJJa H MaJJKH xpaeaAqe-ra: H CJie,zt 0K'bDBaKeT0 H. qepBeHeT0 (Maaaueto)
ryQa MY Ha rnaBaTa xpaeaAqero.
Oceea A~UaTa 6a6aTa noMa3Ba H 6ynK11re, H M0MHTe. Kora rH
MalKe, T.R rH 6narocnaB.ff:

'
p£/1HI' H,03HH OBHl/A H 485
Ha 6y11Ka1a:
lla CH CJiaJ{Ka Ha .
M'h>Ka CH '
KaKTO e ·cna;J.'bK Me.l{'bT.
Ha MoMara:
Aa CH CJiaJ{Ka Ha MOMUHTe,
KaKTo e r Jia.A'bK Me.nor.
r o w. a B K a B .n o M a H a 6 a 6 a T a. Karo OOHKOJIH
scHqKHTe Kol.UH, 6a6ara ce Bpow.a B K'hll.Uf H cera ce npHroTB.H 3a ro-
maBKa.
Ha Ba6H,I{eH BCHKa pO.ztHTeJIKa, KO.HT; HMa .zteua, ·w.e craHe MHO-
ro paHo, Ta Aeuara it .na ca paHo(>yAHH, w.e B3eMe K'bpna H B K'hprra-ra
w.e .Bop>Ke rrapH H w.e OTH.I{e npH 6a6ara; e,ztHH orHBaT c Aeuara. TyK
po.llHTeJIKara noJIHBa Ha 6a6ara .zta ce yMHe 1-1 ii ;iapsraa K'bprrara, a
6a6ara nop'bcBa po.n;HTeJIKara H .l{etero.
Tosr .neH Ha Aeuara ry)K.I{aT Ha KoJJeHuara nerrJieu H rH Kapat
..l{a ro JIH3H3T, Tyii npaBHT .na He JIOB.ffT 6a6HUH~
IlpH6JJH>KaBa o6H.zt.Bc.nKa >KeHa, Ha KOHTO 6a6ata e 6a6ysana,
npHrOTBHJia e BCHqKo: rrpHCHa rrora11a, KOKOillKa, MJIHH (6aHHll3 ) H
6'bKJIHUa c BHHO. Toaa, rypHaTo B TeITCHH HJJH B .l{pyr C'h.ll, YBHBa ce
C qHCTa K1?PII3 HJIH MeCaJl H .>KeHaTa OTHHCa B .l{OMa Ha 6a6aTa.Ta M
Ille HMa npa3HeHCTBo, yrow.eHHe. 11 6a6ara ·e aaroTBHJia Karo sa cear-
6a HJIH KP'hI.UeHe. Tpane3a .ztMra e cJio>K~Ha a HaH-IllHpoKaTa era.ff HJlH
B .K'bJ.UH. BcHKa .>KeHa, KO.SITO BJie3He B K'bIU3Ta, nocpew.HaTa OT CH3XH-
Te HJIH JlomepHTe Ha 6a6ata, W.e OTH)le IIpH 6a6aTa, KOHTO e CeJ(H3Jl3
Ha11e110 Ha·rparre3aTa, w.e H uenyaa poKa H w.e II no)laJ{e )lOHeceaoro.
Ba6ara rrpHeMa npHueceHoro H ro 110.l{aBa Ha cHaxHre··cH, a .noIIJJJaTa
JKeHa CH)la Ha TpanesaTa . TaKa CTaBa C BCHKO.H )KeHa.
HaH-IIOCJie BpeMe 33 OOH.I{ e ,I{OlllJIO H BCHIIKHTe .>KeHH ca ,I{OlllJIH:
Ba6ara ce rrpeKp'bCTBa, sanoqaa .l{a H.I{e, Karo noKaHBa H ,apyrHTe _na
H.llaT. CaaxHre H )('bJ.Uepure ii, MaKap H .>KeHeHH, re I.Ue 60,nar TOH ,aeH
y AOMa Ha MaHKa CH )(a cJiyryBar, -T. e. npHHaCHT Ha rpanesata ros-
<>H, XJIH6, BHHO H Apyro HY.>KHO. TyK Ha _rpanesaTa ce rrpHJ{3C.ff BCHII-
KO, KoeTO e CrOTBHJia 6a6ara, H TOBa, KOeTO e npHHeCeHo or po,na-
TeJIKHTe-}KeHH, Karo ce Hasr.nar, 6a6ara nopBa 11\e sanee crapHHCKH
neCHH, 33 )la pa3eeceJIH CK'bIIHTe CH rOCTH, CJie,A HeH HallHHHT .zta ne-
HT H .ztpyrHre. B ryii epeMe BJIHsar .ztBaMa-TpHMa r1,.ztyJiapu HJIH UHry-
JJap·H (c r'hAYJIKH HJIH uHryJIKH) H pa3seceJIHBaaero noqsa no~CHJIHO.
Koraro MHHe OOH.l{'bT, noqBaT ,Aa HJ.{BaT u M'b>Kere. Bece.n6ara
CTaBa IlO·fOJIHMa. floqBaT "Ce HrpHTe, B KOHTO B3HM3T yqacrue He ca-
MO_.>KeHure, Ho H rexHHre: M1>.>Ke. Xoporo tpae HSIKoe epeMe, AO.Aero
.AOHJI.e pe)( 6a6ara .z:r.a nop'hCH rpane3ara. Ba6ata auMa pewero, ryQa
e He~o npoco H nc,qea Aa cee rpaneaara u JKeHHTe, aa_JJ.a pa>K.l(aT.
C.neJJ. ryA: CTaear M'b>Kere H e.ztHH xamta 6a6ara u Kaaea Ha JJ.pyrure:
 486 ,aHMHT1,P MAPHHOJS

,,T.H e K1>naJia BCHlfKHTe HH .u.eua - cera rp.H6Ba Hue .u.a OK'hneM ae.si.'~
,,Tp.H6Ba!" - orrosapHr BCHtJlrn .u.pyru H xsamar 6a6ara.
Cera ce H3rrpeqaar )Kem1re n Ka3Bar: ,,Htte me H orKym1M, He-
.n.eihe .H K'hna." Mo)Kere ce CKJiaHHT. Bc.HKa )KeHa xsopra no H.HKO.H na-
pa B C'bmoro pemeTo, c Koero 6e ce.HHO ppocoro.
BeceJI6ara crasa o6ma. Ha JJ,Bopa eeqe CBHpuure CB Hp.sir H BCH'I-
Kare )KeHH C M'h)KeTe CH H3JIH33T J{ ITOtJBaT )J,3 HrpaHT. Ba6ara 3Hae ►
qe TOBa H3JJH33He Ha .u.eopa IIOK33Ba,lfe e BpeMe H T.H )J,a H3Jie3He,
sa )la c~ 3aB'bplllH rrpa3HeHcrsoro. T.H ce o6JTHtJa B ropmne cu .n.pexH ►
sa6pa)K)la or JJ,Bere CH crpaHH Ha rJiaeara .nse KHTKH 3.llpaaeu H H3JIH-
3a.- Ha )lBopa croH seqe ~pnrorBeH KoAecap (KoJia Ha .u.ae KOJieJiera).
lUoM ce rroKa)Ke, CBHpuure notJBaT JJ.a CBHpHr n0Jc1vrno, Ha pntJettmu1;
)lBe )KeHH H JJ,BaMa M'b)Ke 3aHrpasar pbtJem1ua, a .u.pyrure noeMaT 6a6a-
ra H .H ry)K)laT Ha KoJiecapa: l.JerupH M'b)Ke Hanpe.ll rerJIHT, a lleTHpK
)KeHH Ha3a.zt 6yrar H 6a6ara, ce,nHaJJa Ha KoJJecapa, rp1>rsar )la K
BAe1ty2am, r. 'e. .na .H K'hII.HT Ha peKa.UHJioro ceJio e rrpHc1>crayeme.
06ma secen:6a.0rKapsar H npe3 cpe.n ceJioro K1>M noJiero HJIH KpaH pe~
Kara H raMo tue H3Jie.Hr Ha rJJaaara ii e.u.Ha qama so,na.
_ C T0Ba BJJeqyrauero ce e· CB-'bplllHJIO. Bp'bmar .H naK y )J,01\fa C'bC
comoro T'bp)KeCTBO, C neCHH, CBHpKH H xopa.
Kai-o .H .noee.nar s ·.noMa, me .H caaJI.HT or KoJiecapa· H me .H BHe-
car B K'hlUH Ha poue. Cera BCHlfKH )KeHH m.e H ueJiyBaT poKa H lll.e H
Ha.ztap.HT KOH KaKB0 e npuroTBHJia; HO noaeqero .H .nap.HBaT C neWKHp_H
Hl1H K'hprra, B KOHT0 HMa B'bp~aHH no JJeB HJIH noaeqe-cnope)l CbCT051-
HHeTO. '
C TOBa ce CB'bplllBa BJieqyraHeT0, CB'bpnrna. ce u 6a6HH)J.eH.
BceKH CH 0THBa ,Zl0Ma.
Puc. N!1 156 npe.ncraemrna KapruHara Ha e.nHo no.no6Ho BJie-
qyraHe B c. KapanHJIHT, XapMaHJIHHCKo.
To.H o6uqaii e o6m. O6aqe seqe e noquaJI )lace H3ocraBH . .llHec-
Ka Oill.e C'bill.eCTByBa a HHKOH CeJia. ByJIKHTe o6aqe, KOHTO ca po.D.HJIH.
npes l'0,ZlHHaTa, H ,ZlHeCKa ome XO)lHT npH 6a6ara c rypra, BHH0, KO-
K0WKa H .llpyrH no)lapouH.
11 ,ZlHeCKa H.HK'b)J,e K'bil.HT 6a6ara, HO Koll.HT .H y ,Zl0Ma .

H) IO }K H H U ·H-B e p H )K H H u H, 16 m1yapH
1.JepKoBeH npa3HHK: TioKJIOHeHue Ha qeCTHHTe-
BepHrH Ha anocroJia Tierpa.
Hapo,neH npa3HHK: IOJ1C1tuu,u eepuJ1C1tuu,u, Ce. eepUcu (c. Tonnern,
ra6p_ oecxo, c. TIHproc, PyceHCKo), flempoeo 87JJICe (c. KoJrn6Hre,
TpoJJHCKo). , '
To.ff )le11 Hapo,n'hT npa3Hyea 33 3.llpaee Ha croKara, )la He naJJ.a
If ).{a He pa311ecHyea xpaKara (c.TonJiew, c. KoJrn6ure). B c. nwproc~
PyceucKo, Ca. aepHrH ce npa3HYBaT rpH .ll.HH (16, _17, 18 .HHyapH) 33
3)lpase Ha CT0KaTa H .l(a He H3JIH3aT no JIHI.leTo 6yuH H Il'bTIKH,
p E JI HI' .H O 3 H H O 5 JI Y A Ff 487
o) 3 H M H. 11 c· e. A T a H a c, C p e it 3. H·~ a,
18 srnyapH

l.JepKoBeH npa3HHK:. CaentreJI AraHacH BeJJHKH,

apxHenHCKOn AJieKCc!H]lpHliCKU, ('JlJiH OT HaH-HpenKHTe3aW.HTHHUH Ha
npaBOC.liaeue10 r.pemy AptteBoTo yqeHHe.
Hapo,neH npa3HHK: ·3uMHu cs. AmaHac, Cpd} 3UMa. ·
Cs. Arairnc e e,nuH OT caeruHre, KOHTO cu pa3.l(eJIH_JIH He6oTo
H 3eMHTa H KOMYTO ce na)lHaJJH .8 ]lHJI 3HMHhTe CHeroae H Jie)loBe.
Ha TOH ,neH ca. ATa~ac ce c6JmqaJI e KonpHHeHa pH3a H no pH'-
3HU.a H3JIH3a.1I Ha ITJ18HHHaTa H OTT8MO .BUKaJJ: ,,11,llH CH, 3HMO, )(8
.l{OH]le JJHTo!" J1 3HMaTa, KaTo 11ye TH.ff ]l\MH, CT.Rra ce )la CH OTH.lle,
a JIJ11oro nbK ce CTHra H rpbrBa Aa HH .tioif.ne: (Ba6a BoAKa H 6a6a
lht<e.na, c. Me,neeH.)
B C. Tio.neec Ha TOH ]leH ,cy,cyeam 08HUme, T. e. JieKyBaT fH OT
qyMa. Toaa craea Hacpe]l ceJIOTO OT BCHIIKHTe CeJJ.HHH. CJie,l{ KyKyBa-
HeTO H36upar HHKOJIKO OT HaH-.AOOPHTe H fH 3aKOJIBaT Hacpe)l ceJJOTO~
fOTBHT fH H H.l{aT ceJJCKJ1. THH OBHH . ce npHH3C.HT Kyp6aH Ha rocno-
]la. (Ba6a KaJIHHKa KeHeaa, 6a6a .llparaHa BM11eea H- Jl.R.llO KoJibO.)
a
B c. KoJrn6Hre, Tpo.RHCKO, BHpaar, 11e TOH .11eH ce pa>l<JlaJia
qyMaTa; 33TOBa MeCHT XJIH6 H KOJIHT qepHa KOKOIIiKa K3TO ·>Kepraa Ha
qyMara. (Ba6a ITeHa Mu11esa, TIJiatHapKara.) .
B c. JiecH.npeH, TereBeHcKo, BHpBar To>Ke, qe TOH .ne11 ce pa)l(Jta
qyMara, aaroea npaaHyear 3apaJlH 11yMara H ome .zta ne H3JIH3aT 6yuH
no.A KoJJeHara. (Ba6a C'b6a Boiiqeea H 6a6a MapHH UaHKoea..)
H pa3-
HaBCH K'h)le TOH ,neH MeCHT npeCJ{H IlHTKH , Ma)l(aT fH c ·Me.ll
)laBaT. TH.ff TTHTKH 60,llaT orrope C'bC CTpbK 6ocuJieK.

n) TpH cT ·onuu , rpH ceerH "teJIH

qepKoBeH npaaHuK: G1,6op Ha rpH cserHreJIH -

BacHJIH BeJJHKH, fpttrop H BorocJioB H HeaH 3Jiaroycr.
Hapo,ll.eH npa3HHK HHMa; ca.Mo HHK'b)le BHpBaT, K3KBO THH TpH
CBeTHTeJIH ca TPHTC CT'bJI6oae,. HOHTO KpenHT 3eMHra; 6e3 THX TH 6H
npona)JHaJia (C6HY, · XVI- XVII , 26).
C .THH npa3HHUH ce CBbpll lBa f OJI€MH.HT Cell KO.

MaJl1J1(, cettKo, MaAKUHa (Ax'bp11eJie6HHC1<0),

cpeepyapH

a) C a. T p H <p y H, 1 cpeepyapu
.t.JepKoBeH npa3HHK: Ca. M'hqeHHK Tpn<pyH, Koitro
ITOCJie )l{eCTOKH M'bKH aa Xp«cr a, 6HJI noceqeH c Meq B'bB BpeMero Ha
HMneparopa .lle1.uu1 a 248 r.
Hapo]leH ·npa3HHK: Ce. _ Tpu(/JyH, Tpu(/JyH 3ape3aH, Tpu<J,.yH
 488 l!HMH T1,/' MAPH Hos

3ape30.1i(ITHpOT, Hum, BpaHJI, L{apH6po.n), TpUlj)yH ttunuR {Me.naeuh

TputpyH nuRHuqa {OxpH.zt H .c. JleCH,l.lpeH, TereeeHcKo) .
ToH .zteH ce npa3HyBa a 11ecr Ha JI03.HTa H ce. Tpmf>yH ce c11ma
3a naaHTeJI Ha JI03f1Ta.
To.sr .nea ce ·c11HT~ C'l>W.0 H npa3HHK Ha JI03apHTe, rpa.iu1HapHre
H Kp'b11M3pHTe.
HHKOra ce. Tpn4>ya ~ 11epKBHTe H no HK0HHTe e pHcyeaH c·Ko-
c~p s p1>Ka (C6HY, XIII, 185). TaK'hB o6pa3 H a3 BHJ.lHX a crapHHCKa-
Ta t.t1>pKBa, i,eqe noJiycpyTeHa, npH c.,JlJOTH6poJI.- To.H npa3HHK o6uK-
,iroBeao B Hapo.ztH0T0 BHpBaHe e H3BeCTeH C HMe'r0 Tput/JyNijU, K0HT0 ca
TPH .llHH: n'hpBH, . BTopu H rpeTH TpHq>yHeu. · .
n 1, p B H .ff T T p H q> y H e u e HMeHH0 CB. TpH<pyH. ToSJ iteH
ce H3B'bpWB.aT OOH'laH, KOHT0 ce B'bpT.RT 0KOJIO JI03e'r0. TH.ff OOHllaH ca
H3BecTHH no.it H33B3HHero: 33p.H3BaHe HJIH 33Kpoiisaae Ha JI03.ffTa H
H36J1paae TpH<pyH HJIH llap· Ha Jio3HTa.
3 a p .ff 3 B a H e H JI H 3 a K p O ii B a H e H a JI O 3 H T a.
OUle paH0 cyTpHHTa CT0ll3HK3T8 w.e oMeCH XJIH6 H w.e ro one11e·)la e ro-
TOB. Xm16'bt e npeceH, a Mo.>Ke ii.a 6'b){e H KBaCHHK. Hasc.RK'b,lle e o6u-
KROBeH x.iu16 HJIH nHTa; Ho a IIInnKa, Ko3ap BeJieHe ~ CTy6eJI a3
-cpeu.max TOH XJUl6 HawapeH. TH.ff wapKH ca CHMB0JIHtJecKH.
B XJIH6.a ,ipe.nc1aaeH B pHc. N2 157, wapKaTa Ha cpeitara e
llB.ffT, a 0K0JI0 TOH .l,lBHT e JI03a, HanpaBeHa C orpH6KaTa 3Hf3ar.
(MecHJia 6a6a IJeHa XpncToBa, c. CTy6eJI.)
B XJIH6a, npeJtCTaBeH B puc. Ni? 158, wapK~Ta Ha cpeJJ,aTa e
naK UBHT - UBe'r'bT Ha JI03e'r0, a 0K0JIO Hero JI03aTa C peca, Hanp_ a-
BeHa c .11ae JI'b.>KHUH HJIH c .11ea npocra.{MecHJia 6a6a MH11a l1JIHH1IeBa,
c. Ko3ap BeJieHe.)
B XJIH6a, npe.ncTaBeH B pnc. N2 159,wapKaTa e caw.a UBHT Ha
cpe.ztaTa, a ·oKOJIP Hero Jio3ara, HanpaBeHa c orpn6KaTa, Kp'bCTocaHa
3Hr3ar.
OcseH XJU16a CTonaHKaTa me CfOTQH K0KOWKa; Ta.SI K0K0IIJKa e
UHJia H HaIJ'bJIHtHa e c opH3 HJIH 6yJiryp. TJ1 me 60.11e caapeHa u11na,
a n~ae npen~eHa MaJIKo Ha nnpycrmrra {c~.>KaKa). Ille 61>4e Han'bJI·
aeua H· e,llHa no-r0JIJIMa 6'bKJIHUa c BHH0.
BcnqKo T0Ba w.e ~'b,l.le TypHaTo B e.zma HOBa HJIH 'IHCTa B'hJIHeHa
wapeHa Top6a. B CKoncxo H OxpJf.ll ocseH n11oc,ca c BHH0, XJI.R6 H KO·
xowKa 3HMaT ow.e· u Kp-r,cmocaNa (caereHa) eoiJa H nenen. Bo,AaTa me
6'bne KP'bCTOC_aHa OT Ce,/ICKBH caemeHHK H BCeKH me·OTH)le B qepKBa H
B3eMe MaJIKo OT HeH. Ille B3eMe ow.e H neneJI-.- C Ta.ff ·ao)la w.e noJiee
np1>11KHTe,KoHTO me pe.>Ke H w.e rH nocHne c neneJITa. Toea Ha .1tpyro
I

M.HCT0 He npaB.ffT.
CyrpHHTa paHo me Tp'brHaT M'b.>KeTe, BCeKH, KOHTO HMa JI03f, Hme
OTIUlaT B noaRra.BceKH w.e 0TH)le Ha ceoero nose, w.e ce npexpoCTH,
Ille uaeMe K~cepa HOT TPH KJOTyKa w.e 0Tpe1Ke no TPH npollKH. ·Karo OT·
pelKe TH.ff np'b1IKH, w.e ~seMe 6'bKJIHUaTa, w.e ce npeKp'bCTH u iue nonee
ffOPR3aHHTe ~IOTYUff.
PEJ 1HI' H03 HH OSH 'IAH 489
C Tosa Be11~ JI03eTo e 3apll.3aH.o, 3aKpoeHo. ITocn e BcHqKH ce
npa o6-
·CWK pa~ HaKy n Ha OTpeJJ;eHo MffCTO, OOHKHOBeHo ce C'b6HpaT
Ha'IH Hff ce
poKa .K TYK BCeKH H3Ba)KJI.a XJU16a, KOKOll1KaTa H BHHOTO.
.secen6a.
H 3 6 H p a H e T p H <t> y H. TTpe.L\H o6aqe J.J.a ceJ,J.HaT Aa RAaT,
TeJICTByBa
.Te H36HpaT Tpu(jJ yH, HJIH qap Ha A03Rma, KOHTO H npeJ,J.CeJ,J.a
CeJIOTO,
.Ha TOH ITHp . .KaTo ce H3HJ,laT, BCH'IKHTe BKVITOM Tp'brB aT K'bM .
npe~BO:>KJ,J.aHH OT TpH<j>yu. .
no
J.-136HpaHe Ha TpHq >yua, HJIH u.apH Ha JI03HTa, ce H3Bn prnea
ITHpy saT,
TO.ff Ha1u-1H. KoraT o ca ce C'b6paJIH Ha MHCTOTO, J.leTO 111.e
, KOKO lliKHTe H UJIO-
Ha cpeJ,J.aTa Ha MHCTOTO, ,ll.eTO ca CJIO.>KeHH XJIH60BeTe
HH KOHU.H,
CKH:Te B Kp'br , me_ryJVIT KHTKa, )'BHT a OT 60CHJieK C qepBe
JI03ap H me KalKe :
H TPH npn11 KH OT JI03a; HaH-CTapHHT OT CeJIHHHTe
IIlHnK a),
.,,Koii e 11ecTHT, HeKa noeM e KHTKaTa H J.J.a 6nJ.J.e TpHq>yH (B
aTa. Toraa a
HJIH u.ap." Toraa a KoiiT o .>1<enae, npHCT'bnBa H ·noeMa KHTK
(B illHnK a)
BCeKH OTHBa npH Hero H .MY 'lecTHTH: ,,1:{eCTHTO TpHq>yHCTBo''
ie 3M.Ma H no-
HJIH "qecT HTO TH u.apCTBo''! Tou 6JiaroJ,J.apH BCeK.HMy. TTOCJ
Ae .n.a
JJ;al3a 6'bKJIHUaTa BCeKHMY OT,ll.eJIHO H BCeKH 6Jiaro cnaBH : ,,Xaii
a OT BCeKH
6'h,Zle qeCTHTO H 6epeK eTJIH H.Ha BCHKa JJ03a no ll1HHHK,
zu:Jl[,a (KIOTYK) no "'le6n p!" ,,AMH H" - oTroa apHT BCH'IKH.
ora
. KaKTO ce BH1K,ll.a, uapH T ce H36.Hpa no BOJIH H r JleJl,aT BCHK
e rne-
;ta 6'bJJ.e no-3aMo.HCeH, 3aIUOTO TOBa e CB'bp33HO C pa3HOCKH . Q6aq
npe:3 He-
.)laT· )la npeH3 6epaT pHoro aa, KOHTO e 6HJI K'bCMeTJIHH, T. e.
H300HJIHO
roBOTO TpH(j>yHyBaHe, HJIH uapy aaue , e HM3JJO no 403.HTa
Map·arnKH
nnoAOPOJ.J.He. (Ba6a KaJIH HKa, c. TToJJ.aec, 6a6a .llpar aHa, c .
i H .n.p.)
Tpocr eHHK , 6a6a TTeaa, c. CeMHC11e, 6a6a MapH H, c. TTarnaKhoi
H-
KaTo ce H3H,ll.3T H HaITHHT, BCeKH npu6 Hpa Top6a Ta CH H 6nKJI
BHHO , TOH H HaMe T-
uaTa B He.H, aKo e H3npa 3HeH a; aKO-J IH HMa ome
H Tp'brB aT
Ba Ha JJ.~CHOTO paMo , a Top6a Ta npeXB'bpJIH npe3 JIHBOTO
aa B ceno.
H JJ.pyr npe3
Tpu(j> yHa, HJIH uapH , OKHll BaT C BeHeu Ha rJtaBa Ta
ro Ha KOJie cap_, KOH-
paMeH ere, H3ITJi eTeH OT JI030B H np'b'I KH; nocTa BHT
IKH, a noKH KOra
TO ce TerJIH OT caMH Te JI03a pH, H C raHJJ.H HJIH f'hAYJ
CeJIOT p.
H C1,C 3YPJIH H T'bITa HH Tp'brB aT C npoue CHH K'bM
B HHKOH ceJia (6.HJia, TpocT eHHK , Ilupr oc, Pycea cKo) HOCRT no-
pe){ rto JJ.BaMa Ha paMeHeTe CH ua6pa HHH uap.
o
KaTo CTHrHaT B ceno, npoue cHHT a me MHHe npea cpeA cenoT
K'bIUa Ta H3HHC ~ B ro-
H np1-1 BCSIKa K'hll.J.a ce CnHp a . .lloMO BJia.) lHKaT a Ha
JUIM 6SIJI KOTeJI BHHO, Jl,aBa HaH-HanpeJ,J. Ha ua'
p H J,J.a nue, nOCJie no-
Ba Bopx y
qepne a BCHqKHTe JJ.pyru , a OCTaHaJIOT~ B KOTeJia BHHO nJIHC
npe3 npa-
l{apH c 6narocnoau.S1: ,,XaAJ.J.e HeKa e 6epeK eT. ,Ua npenH Ba
· ·
roee! " ,,AMHHI" ·- OTroa apH uapH T.
Ha
Toea ce npaBH npe)l BCHKa K'blll.a, ,ll.O,.AeTO ,llOCTHrHaT K'bIUaTa
[(apH .
u.apH . l(JIJIOTo ceJio e H3JieaHaJio H nocpe ma TpHq >yua, HJIH
Uap.S1T, AOJ.leTo ;ta cTHrH e y JlOMa cu, e noT'hHaJI B'bB BHHO
OT
DJIHCKaHero H OT JJ.peXHTe MY Teqe BHHO . .
490 IlHM HT'bP MAPHHba

KaTo cntrHe y .noMa en, aKo e MHoro · HaKBaceH, npeo6m.1qa ce

H naK C BeHUHTe Ha rJiaBaTa H npe3 paMeHeTe CH.II.a -Ha Tpane3aTa ff
noepema UHJIOTO ceJio. BceKH OT ceJIHHHTe OTHBa .ll.OMa MY H uapslT e
)J.Jlb}KeH )I.a non TOH .n.eH BCH'IKH. 3aToBa H o6HKHOBeHo M36HpaT 33MQ-
}KeH 'IOBeK.
11,apHT ocTaea, npe3 UHJiaTa ro.nttHa, .noKaTo ce o6epaT .r103-,:na.
B c. Illm1Ka TpmpyH HHKora KoJieJI oBeH HJIH BOJI, 3a .na rocTli
CeJIHHHTe. Tosa e 61fJIO Kyp6aH - }KepTBa ~a J103HTa.
,,TpmpyH nttHHHua" ce IiapHlla, aarn.oTo TpmpyH, Ho11u uapsn, 3a-
AbJJ>K11TeJ1Ho TpH6ea .na · ce Han we; Toraea me nMa 6epeKeT no JIQ3HTa.
TaKa como ca m-1HH.H H .npynne (c. JiecH.npeH).
,,TpHQ>YH 'IHmrn" HJilf ,,Tpu<pyH 3ape3aH" e npoH3Jie3HaJto OT
CJie.n.HaTa npHKa3Ka.
Ce. Eorop0Ju1ua OTHllJJia nope1rn .nett .na CH tJeTe M~JTHTBa - 40
AHH; CTHfHaJia BTop1-rn .nett H CH qeJia. Ha BpomaHe, TpeTHSI .nett OT
MOJIHTBa, MHHaJia Kpaft TpH<pyHa, KOHTO 6Hw1 B .l103e'I'O H pH3aJI. TH ro
nb3JI.paBHJTa c ,,TioMara rocno.n.. , Ho TOH He oTroeopHJI, a H ce Olll.e
npHCMstJI, KaTo H BH.ZlHJI c .neTe B pbKa. Ha <.:B. ooropo.nuua MHoro .n.o-
}Ka;1JHJI0 1-1 KaTo MHHaJia Kpaft .noMa MY, Ka3aJTa Ha }KeHa My: ,,TpmpyttH-
u.e, 3eMH KbpnH H Bpb3KH. H CKopo ll)IH npH M1:>Ka CH, 3aIIJ.OTO Tpmt,yH
CH e OTpH3aJI Hoca!" )l(e~a MY TyTaKCH 3eJia KbpnK H CKOpo OTHlllJia
Ha JI03e'l'O. ,,3amo TOJIKO 6bp3alli H CH H3IlJTallleHa?" - H nonHTaJJ
TpH<pyH. ,,MapHH MHHa H MH Kaaa, 11e CH cu oTpH3aJI Hoca" - oTroao-
PHJia }KeHa t·lY. ,,OcTaBH TaH KonnJiatta! - oTBopHaJI TpmpyH. - TR
Tee H3JibraJia. He CbM mu1H .na CH oTpe}Ka Hoca. A3 pe.>Ka TbH-noKa3aJI
Ha.~eHa CH C Kocepa, a He TbH" - H B TOH MHr CH OTpH3ail HOCa H OCTa-
HaJI 1.JHil, 6e3 HOC. Ta OTTaMO MY e l~ npHKOpbT ,,llllilHH" H ,,3apesatt".
. .OcBeH TOBa npe3 TpH TH.ff .,ZlHH - ] ' 2 J,I 3 <peepyapH, HapelleHK
Tpuqiynoou anu HJill nRoCTo Tputj:JyHu,ume, npa3HyBaT ome B tJecT Ha
BbJIU.HTe, KOHTO ce oecyBaT npe3 nm .ZlHH. TTpe3 THH TPH .ll.HH He pa6oTHT
HHIUO, Ho>KHU.H He OTBapHT' 3a .na 6b,Zl8T 3aTBopem-t tteJllOCTHTe Ha B'bJI-
U.HTe npe3 ro.nirnaTa. To}Ke 3a comaTa u.eJl npe3 THH TPH .II.HU .nnp:>KaT
H HOW.BHTe 3axJJyQeHH. He pa6oTHT, a oco6eHo Mb>KKO Hew.a; 3alllOTO,
aKo JtMa H.HKOH Ha ce6e CH pa6oTeHo npe3 THH ,llHH, BbJIU.HTe HaJIHTa-
JIH Ha Hero. (TonJiem, MeABeH, .Bpecoso, Kapa6yHap H .npyrane.
C p B. )I(. CT ap . , I , 107, 108 H 1OP.)
ToH AeH (nbpBH.H) HHK1>.ne MecstT Ko.,.1aK, KOHTO ce K3.ll.H H ry:>K-
)la ce B KbpMHJIKaT·a Ha oeu.uTe u rose.naTa, 3a .na rH He Hana.naT B'bJI-
U.H. (C. lJynpette, 6a6a E.11Ka MapKoBa, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a To.n.opa.,
6a6a Bu.na, c. BbJIKOBij CJiaTJ-tHa, 6a6a. fatta.) THH XJist6oee ca
npe)lCTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 160 11 161.
KoJiaK'hT .N2 160 npe.ncTaBJIHBa KomapaTa c rose)l.aTa H oeu1-11e;
Ha BpaTHHKa CTonaHHHbT 6y)l.eH JI.a Il33H, a OKOJIO KOlllapaTa ca B'bJIUH·
Te; C'hI.I.J.O e H B pHc • .N2 161., caMo 11e roee.naTa ca )lpyroH11e npeJ1.CTaeem1.
11Ma HHKOH o6H'laH, K,OHTO TpH6Ba ,ll.a 6b,ll.3T cnoMeHaTH,
PEJIHI 'H03HH OEHl/A H 491
B l.I.apH6po.ncKo.n ITHporcKo Merar ca)KJlJ,tTe or K0MHHHTe Ha Tpu-
Te _caeTHTeJIH HJTH cpem.y nbpem1 TpmpyHeu, 3a .na He na.lla pecaTa n·o ·
JIO3HTa.
B c. )KeJIHBa, Coq>HHCKo, na naJie)l{HHKa . ry)l{)laT BbrJJeHH H rH
HapH11ar: e)lHH 3a uapeaHua, .npyr 3a )l{HTo, oaec H np., H noJIarat na-
Jie:>KHHKa 3a)l eparara, Ta TaMo croH npe3 Tpure Tpmpymrn. Koiiro
.B'hrJieH e cTaHaJT Ha neneJ1., TOH 03Ha11aaa nJI0Jlopo)lHe, a no'lepHe-
JIHHT - HenJI0)lOpO)lHe.
B c. BpyceH, TeTeeeHcKo, npe3 tpHre JlHH He Merar )lBopoeere,.
HHr0 H3XB'bprar CMerTa - OT Bb.TTUH, 3aworo ce 6eryaar. .
B c.JlHTaKoeo, Opxam-1iicKo,cnpoTH n'hpBHH Tpmpym~u rypHT 3a.n.
aparar.a rpu B'br.'leHa, Karo HapHtJaT: e)1HHHH 3a KYKYPY3, BTopuH 3a
:>KHTO, a rpenrn 3a KolllepuTe (ntJejrnTe); H Karo npec1mIT npe3 Tpure
JlHH, r.JJe)laT KOH or BbrJ1eH111e e craHaJJ Ha neneJr, ~ K-OH - no11epHHJJ.
neneJI.HBHHT BbfJJeH O3HatJaBa ITJIO)lopo.n.He, a n_oqepHeJ IHHT-OCK' b)l-
HOCT. C'hIUHHT 06H11aii e H B c. To)lbOBUH cpew.y CypeaKH . CbIUJHI
o6H11afl cpem.Hax H B c. 6'h3oaeu, JloMCKo (npeceJJeHH or PyM1>mrn).
B c. MapalllKH Tp1>creHHK,ITJ1eBeHcKo,HMa raKbB 06H11aii. Cpew.y
n'bpBHH TpmpyHeu 3HMaT JJIOCffH OT 11epee_H JJ)'K (KjJOMH)l), H& 6poif 12,
H BCHK0~ mocna Hap1-1t1ar _Ha )lBaHa)lecerre Meceua. Boa B~HKa mocna
ry.>1<.nar coJI H nocJie Ha Tpen1H )leH rJJe)laT a KOH mocna coJJra ce cro-
nHJia, a B KOH He e; CToneHara COJI O3HatJaBa _KlTUJ3B0 apeMe npe3,
Hapet1emH1 Meceu, a HecroneHara - cyllla npe3 roH Meceu.
B Pyn11oc H B Axnp11e.!Je6mkKo, c. ITerKoeo, Ha n1>pBHH TpH-
<pyHeu mpuipyHOCt:Jam HJIODHre ,n.1,peera, T. e. rHli , K0HrO He pa:>K,lt~T.
TpH<pyHocBaHero He e ,n.pyro, HO 3anJiall1BaHe, KaKro BHJ:lHXMe. To
craBa TaKa. MoMtJe 7- 8-fO,l{HlllHO B3eMa 6pa)leara H OTHBa npH BCHKO·
~J10B0 ,n1,pao·. Karo 3aMaxHe c 6pa.naara ancoKo, nHra: ,,Pa:>KJta JIH
mem HJIH me re npHC.HKaM?" ,lloMaKHH'bT orroeapH H ce 3acr1>naa 3a
Hero,.Karo Ka3ea: ,,He MOH, xaJie, He Moiil To w.e PYJIH JIHTOCKa, .H
sttaM Toea." (C6HY, XIII, 22:) TaKa ce Bbpurn np11 BCHKO Jlbpao,.
Karo ce BHpBa, qe Belle npe3 f HT0TO ,nbpBOTO me pO)lH.
ToH ,neH B CblUHTe KpaHoBe ce H3~1!J>.WBaT H .npyrH 06u11au.
Mb:>K, KOHTO HSI.Ma .neua, IlO,ll.Bbprslrce Ha c6H1.f3fl ;NJ1CUttaH.e. Toir
c1aea no TO.H HatJHH.lll,e noBHKa 6p1>cHap w.rrn APYf HHKOH ceoii Cbce.n.~
33 ,na ro 6p1>CHe. Karo fO o6pbCHe, C OCTpeua Ha 6pbCH3 Ia Hacut.ta
1

ro no lllH.HTa Ha rpH Mecra. BHpBaT, 11e Belle rou w.e HMa ,lleua. (C6HY,
XII I, 22, Ax1>ptJene6HHCKO.)
H.HKOH )l{eHH .MeC.HT TOH ,neH H TaKa C TeCTeBH pbue XO)lHT' Ta
JlOBHT )l1>pBeTaT a, )lOOHT'hKa H )lOM3lllHH Te.
BropHHT .neH [BTOPH TpHQ)YH.eu] ce Ka3Ba H Cpeme11e; Me('SIT
IlHTKH " no.napHBaT Ha .nee. KblIJ,H.
AKo 3eMem TOH ,neH napH, w.e 3eMam npe3 UHJiara· ro.nHHa; aKo
JIH .na.nem - w.e )laBaill npe3 USIJiaTa [O.l(HHa (ITHpOTCKo) .
. A l\o Ha TOH .neH epeMero e xy6aeo, To w.e 60,ne 40 .z:urn ace TaKoBa
(4eneJJape).
492 JlHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

AKo ·npe3 TpH<f,yHUHTe BaJilf CH.Hr Ha · napuaJIH, npe3 JUITOTO llle

poAT n11eJJHTe Jlo6pe. (C. Ko;TH6HTe, Tpo'1HCKO, 6a6a TTeHa MH11eea.
,cps. C6HY, Vl, 93.) .
BHpBa ce, qe 1'0SI )lelf, KaTO H3Jie3He q9seK H3 K'hll\H, KaKBOTo
cpemHe, TaK'hB IUe MY 6'h)le K'hCMeT'bT npe3 u11JiaTa ro.ztnHa. (C6HY, VI,
90, .N'~ 29.)
·•(Ha] TpeTHSI i:ieH (3 q>espyapH)' [TpeTH TpmpyHeu], Hape11eH
CeMeHb, Cit.MCHb (TTo)laec H Bpecoao),YJlPHT rJiaBHHTe,3a .zta 6.HraT 3MHH
If r}'IUepu . A B'hB Bpecoao He ceKaT Jl'hpBe-ra, He pe)KaT HHIUO, He Me-
·TaT H He roTB.SIT f036li Ha or'hH.ff 33 B'bJlUHTe H 38 3,llpaBeTO Ha ,llOOHT'bKa.
B Axop'leJle6HHCKO, c. DeTKOBO, TOSI .neH ce K33Ba Bo"'a Maii,ca..
To.ff .nen MJia.llHTe H .HJJOBH lKeHH, aKo HCKaT .na Tp'hrHaT TPY.llHH npea
ro)lHHaTa, ne1<aT roJI.H,¥3 MHCHpeHa nHTa H nocne .s1 paa11ynBaT H pa3-
·HaCHT no KOMWHHTe: .- .
Mee.HT H Jlpyra IlO)lOOHa nHTa H SI JIOMSIT npe)l HKOHaTa C'bC 3a-
.na.neea cBelll.. Ta.H nHTa e 6e3 wapKH.

6) B o )K e H M e·, 5 (j>eapyapH
To.st )leH B Pyn11oc 1KE:HeHHTe 1KeHH npaaayeaT, aa
..na He 1HM )'MHpaT M'b*eTe. (C6HY, XIII, 22, Ax'bp11ene6HiiCKo.) -

B) C B. X a p a n a M n H, 10 cpespyapH
1.JepKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. BeJIHKOM'bqeHHK Xapa-
.JiaMnH, KOHTO DOCJI_ e roJieMH M'bKH 6HJI noceqeH 33 XpHCTa B 190 r.
s rpa.na Marae3H~ .
Hapo,lleH npa3HHK: Ce. XapailaM.6u, Ct1emu Apa.AaM6oc (OxpH,ll).
Toii e npa3HHK B qecT Ha 'lyMaTa, 33TOBa· ce K33B3 Olll.e l/yMUH -deH.
no-rope 33 OJ11-fC3X 11yMaTa KaTO 6oJiecT' KaKBaTO ,SI npeACTaB-
_Jl.ffBa HapO,llHOTO B.HpllaHe.
B 11ecT Ha Ta.H 60.11ecT e ycTpoeHo npaaHeHCTBO Ha 'JO <}>espyap•,•
..llaJIH no e,llHO C'bBna.neHHe, HJlH IlO)l Bne'laTJJeHHe H H8THCKa Ha ua-
pO,llHOTO B.stpBaHe, HO CB. XapanaMnH Ha HKO.HHTe ~ H300p33eH, qe
~He H M'bqH qyMaTa. .
TOSI .neH HHKOH HHIUO He pa60TH' ·a OCOOHO 1KeHHTe ro na3.slT H
TaqaT.
BcSl~a .l(OMBKHHKa ow.e C}'TPHHaTa pauo IUe aaMecH TecTO If oMecH
:H oneqe ocooeH xn.s16. H a11epTaH11eTo Ha To.st xJJ.s16 e npe,ztCTaBeHo B
p11c. .N'!? 162.
To.st KoJiaK cpeIUeax B c . namaKboii, a MeCHJia ro 6a6a MapH.s1.
C1,JIJ.H.ff J,f B c. CeMHC"le. WapeH e C KJ>'bCT; TOSI Kp'bCT e Ba)l.eH C np'bC·
TIJ H C 'lleTHpH fi'bUKI-;, Ba,l{eHH C eanpycqH HJIH BHJIHUH, np@.CTaBJI.ff•
B81UH Il'bilKHTe•OT qyMaTa H OOKp'h>KeHH C roJJ.ffM BeHeu sa 3,llpase.
B c . Ba.nBaH Mee.RT TPH npecHH nHTKH, -KOHTO uMaT ooifKHoBeHo
11aqepT3HHe. TaKHBa fiHTKH cpeutHax HaBCSIK'b}J.e.
pEJTHTH03HH OEHl./AH 493' -
llOJieTO ce oMeCi-1 H oneqe XJIH6'hr, m.e ce 3eMe Me}l -H me ce OT-
ttece B _1iepKBaTa, a TIOCJie C TOH Me.n. m.e ce HaMa:>Ke x~1H61>T H K3TO ce
npeKaJlH, m.e ce pa3ttym-1 Ha K'hcoae H pa3Hece Ha rpu Kblll.H 3a 3,npaee·
Ha . ,,JieJI~" (raKa ce HapHtta 11yMaTa).
OT Me.II.a, KOHTo e HoceH B qepKea, na3HT 3a uHp npe3 rrnJJara-
ro.n.HHa.
B TeTeeeHe, aKo ce 6Jia:>K1,, T. e. aKo He ca HaCTbTIHJJH om.e ee-
JIHJnire TIOCTH, HaMeCTO OHTa npaBH Ce T)'TM8HHK H ce pa3H3C11 ITO
K'bllJ.HTe. .
B c. Bpecoeo, AHTOCKo, KaKTo e c. BaJ1BaH, T1:SpH0BcKo, MeCHT
TpH DHTKH.
B. C. Teop.II.m.t.a TOH .II.eli RCUllKH H3JIH33T Kpaii ceJIOTO H TaMO
BCeKK HOCH XJJH6, ro36a H BHHO H· flO]laBaT 33 3,llpaee Ha·11yMaTa. To-
Ba e eAHH BH.ll o6poK B ttecr Ha 11yMara.
B ceJio, Koero e 3aopBaHoi TOH Jlt•11 o611KaJT}fT 6pa3]lara oKoJio,
ceJIOTO H IIOCJle ce cmrpar Ha KpbCTOil'bT H TYK IT0)1383T 33 3)1paBe.
(C. 10ttyc1.1e 11 c. Kapamrn,n, XacKoBCKo.)

r) C n. B J\ a c M, I I :4>eepyapK
l.lepKoneH npa3HHIC C~. CeemeHoMblleHHK BJiacw
CeeactHijCKH, KoiiTo nocTpaJia _3a X pHCTa; 6nJI noceqeH B 3 I 2 r.
Hapo,neH npa3HHK: BAacoeiJeH, Ce. B11ac. Toii ce np23Hyea B
llecT ua BnperaTHJUJ Jl06HT'bK,"33 3)1paee Ha BOJIOBere,KOHTO cemrnH~
HbT BDpHra. HapoJ{HaTa Me]lHUHHa e ycraHOBHJia, qe BnperaTHHHT .II.0-
6HTbK CTpa)la n YMHpa OT 6oJJeCTTa B.'laC -- 6oJJeCT, KOHTO ce BMbK-
BaJia B 11epeara u cToMaxa Ha BOJHt H ro yMopBaJia. 60J1ecTTa e M'hq-
Ho H3UepHMa,a BOJl'bT 33 e]lHH CeJIHHHH-3eMJie,ne.f"leU e CK'bTI. 3a .na 6'h-
.ne 3ana3eH npoqee oT TaH 60J1ecT,ycTpoeH e B HeHHa 11ecT npa3HHK,
HapeqeH c HeHHoro nMe BJ1ac.
BnB BCHKa KbIUa ome OT TbMHH 30pH me ce 3aMeCH recro H me
ce oMec$1T o6pe.z1H11 XJIH6ose, oTpe.zteHH 3a ·Tosi ]leH. B 3anaJtHa 6'bJira-
PKH 'JIH.H- xn.H6oae ca ]lBa: cs. TTe-rKa u ce. BJJac, a B l13ToqHa » IQ)l{-
Ha - caMo emrn. T.HXHOTO Ha1.1epTaHue e npe.ncTaBeHo B pHc . .N2163,
164 H 165..
XnR6'bT Ne:! 163 - ca. flemKa, ce rnapH c Kp'bCT H oTrope neT
UBHTa. (MecHJT11: 6a6a To.nopa, c. CraKhOBUH, 6a6a CraHa, c.
PaK0-
BHua.)- .
.Xm161>T .N2 164 - ·CB. BAac, ce mapu: oTrope flHTKa,OKOJIO IlHT-
KaTa 'leTKPH UB.ffTa; Me)K)ly BCeKH UBHT JJ'bK, a OKOJJO n1x Kpbr" OT
3Hr3ar, HanpaBeH C orpH6KaTa. (MeCHJIH C'hlUHTe.)
KpaeaJ1.m e npocT KpaeaH, KaK'hBTo ce Ha11eprana B puc. N2 3.
(MecHJtH ro 6a6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KoBa H 6a6a KnHa KonhoBa, c. Ba.rrnaH.)
X.ru:161:,r .N2 165 - KOAGK, e TIHTa, no cpeJJ.ara npa3Ha , H3BaJJ.e-
Ho c MaJIKa naHuua HJJH 11ama, a OKOJIO HeH JI.Be recreBH npn'1KH npe-
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me H3Kapa OT KOWapaTa, 38 .na fH BOJl.l[ Ha peKaTa HJlll Ha KJI~eHeua
JI.a rtt non. KaTo Tpr.rHaT, .noMaKHHI<aTa me H3Jiese c XJIH6oBeTe, ry-
JI.eHn B peweTo, u me 3aKatJu Ha BCeKH B0.1 no e.nnH KpaBaii Ha porHTe:
aKo .'Ht e K0.'18K (,M?l65), KOftTO e fOJHl.\i, IUE. 38K8lJI! TOH KOJiaK ca-
MO Ha porHTe Ha e.nHH BOJI . B 3anaJIHa B1~.1rap1rn XJ,.H6or.eTe He HOCHT
Ha KJTa.n.eHeila,a fH K8Jl.HT Ha coq>paTa B KOlllapaTa npH B0.10BeTe, KO-
. .raTo ce BbpHaT OT K.11a.neHeua. OpatibT, KaT0 C.:THfHe Ha KJia){eHeua,
me Han on BoJioBeTe 11 .no.neTo m:ulT, me OTKatJH Kpaaarue HJIH KOJlaKa,
me n, HaKBacu c BOD.a,me r1-1 pa3tJYITH H MaJlKO me JlaJie Ha BoJtoaere,
a OCTaHaJIOTO me pa3,lla)le Ha npHCbCTBy BamHTe TaMo opaqw HJIH Ha KOH-
TO cpemHe H3 ffbTH. ToBa ce pa3,llaBa 3a 3,npaaeTo Ha Bonose-re, .na
rJI He .'I0BH BJTaC.
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rn BKapaT B KornapaTa, me ce Bnece cocppaTa c1>c cnem u x ..1H60JJete me
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JlHT Jl8 ro H3H)I.8T BO,,'IOBeTe B KbpMHJIKaTa (TPHUH If COJI). C TOH XJIH6
m e 3aKnpMHT n JlpyraTa cToKa 3a 3,llpase ..
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ne H pa3qynsaT 11 ,llaBaT oT HeH Ha ·l<OHTO cpemHaT. KoMyTo ·ce .na.ne,
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C T0Ba BOJIOBeTe 6HJlH 38Il83BaHH OT 6om:!CT.(6a 6a Map1m ,Uo6peaa flep-
<paHoBa.) ,
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noc.rre pa3Ha~HT no K0Mrn1nne 3a BoJioBo 3Jlpase. KaTo no.naBaT ·oT ua·
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B c. I(:1m.:ypa TOH .nett, npe,llH Jia o6rpee (1rnrpee) CJTbHUe'f0, 6e-
paT Konpusa (MJia.11.a, 3e.,'1etta) 11 H aap.sIT; nocne pa3)1.aBaT c JI"bLKHUa
.3a ,,HOB a Kp'bB...
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TeJIUH, 0BUH, K0He, - H3JIH3a _Ha MOfH.TI.aTa, HapetieHa 6JiaHeB»Ua, H
TaMo aceKH naJIH csem 3a 3.llpaae Ha .no6HTr-Ka. Tipe,lltt 50-60r., pa3·
Ka3B8T no-CTap1-ne .110,ne, P.a MOfHJiaTa ce c'b 6HpaJIH BCHllKH,. K0HT0
HMam-r .u.o6HTbK, If KJia.rnr <;a Kyp6aH - BO.TI' 38 3,llpaaei:o Ha D.06HTbK3,
HJJII H n11e..'IH. Cera K}p6aHbT e H30CTaBeH. CJie~ K8TO sariaJIHT caem-
Ta, BCeKH me ce 38TH1.Ia Ha BpbW.aHe H me no.npa.>KaBa Ha TO.SI Jl06HT"bK,
K8KbBT0 HMa B K'bllJ,H, T. e. MyKaT KaTo BOJI0Be, UB1"JIHT K3T0 Koile,
6JJe.sn KaT0 0BUH H np. ToBa npo,llb.TJ}KaBaT J,f npe3 ceJJ0T0,JlO,lltT0 CT.H-
rHaT )l0 ,llOM0BeTe <:Ji.
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BoprnaT CHoneTo, H TaMo ce 6op.HT, KaTo ce 60.naT c rnaBHTe, KaKT0
npaBHT B0.,'l0Be're, If MyKaT.
H aBCHK'b,lle TOH ,lleH He pa0OTHT 38 B0JJOBCKd 3,llpane.
 f! t.· ,!! YI /' H Q 3 · H J1 0 5. H I/ A J1 495
B c . To11i?OEUH, EJJettc1<0, .10H ..neH npaJttyBaT He caMo Ja 3,npaae
Ha ft0611TbKa, HO ow.e H 3a HHBHTP, .n.a He JIOB5lT e;zac, ,!la He 8AQCJl-
6am, T. e. ,na He .H3JIH3aT CTpbKOBeTe 6e3 KJiaC.
B c. ITeTKoBo, .Axbp4eAe6~11CKo, Kexawne, T. e. Te3H, KOHTO uMaT
roJJ.e~rn cTan.a OBUH, JanJ1aw.aT Ha caew.e1ufKa, Ta HM c.rry.>t<H mnypr mI
.u HO~HT a qepKBa neTOXJie6µe,
BffpBa ce, qe BO.'lbT e crerHaT 1• npenacaH c .n.eaeT KoJTaHa, a
TOH .n.eH ce pa3nacaa; nopa.n.H · roaa rpexor ~ e 6 1 .rro .n.a
ce anpHra .
Te.HHKa K. . ·.
Ero 3alll0 TOH JJ.eH HaBCHK'h)le He anpHra T BOJIOBe
l3 c.. MapamK1 TpocreH1 K npa3Hysar 3a 6onecr ra aJiac H H ro-
HffT, Ho He Ha Bnacoa.n.eH, a Ha aropHH .n.eH cJie,n Ca. HHKoJTa, a .ne-
H.ff Ha CB. naranH H. °CroTBHT pH6a, 6o6 H JJ.pyru ro36H (pH6ara TpH6-
4

Ba .na 6b,ne nJJaTHKa), CBHKBaT rocre H CTOelllKOM I{ fOJIOrJJ8BH xanBaT

or npeKa.ZleHHH XJ1.R6 H ce pm:ar Karo BoJJoaere u no.npa.>t<aaar Ha pa3-
HHTe .l(OMalllHH .>KHBOTHH - MyKaT, U.BHJIHT, 6JJeHT, 6p'bM'laT K3TO nqe-
JIH'J'e H 6narocJiaB.RT: ,,lla ce BJiaIIH BJiac oT aMHHa .n.o BeKa."
XJI.R6'bT. KOHTO Ka.ZlHT H xamIT, e KBaCHHK rnapeH, KaKTO ce BH.>K-
..na ,;3 pHC. N!:! .1Q6, T. e. Kp'hCTalllKa c tleTHpH. I.J;BHTa H qerHpH JI'hKa.
(MecHJia 6a6a HiIKOJIHHa.) ·
ITocJie TOBa CH,nar, H)lc:IT H nHHT, Karo B51 pBaT, qe BJI aC't,T e
·
nporoaett.

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Tipe.3 Mecen -
MaJI.H Ce4KO -
TO.H npa3H} '.B3T
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(:
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..ztoposa co6ora) .

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CHH),- 3a.I.UOTO ce pynrn, r.e . .H)J.e ce 6na.>KHO H B CpHJJ.a, H B IleTbK; no-
cne HeH 11.n.e 'lucma 1-teaeAµ ( Mecorryctta), 3aII.J,oTo ce noCTH B cpH.l(a H
neroK, H nocJie HaCT'hrrBa CupHa HedeAR HJIH Cup1tu4a. flpe3 ,UHJiaTa
TaH He,l(eJI.R Ce .ff.l(e CaMO MaCJIO, ..ffHUa H CJ,JpeHe, a OT Meco,
CJiaHH Ha,

Mac CBHHCKa ce 3aroB.HBa Ha MecHu 3azoee3HU.

UHnar a ce.nMI-ma ce MHHaBa B1>B aecen6H. MoMHTe H MOMlUtTe ce
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THTe 3a6pam rnar ce H xopara .

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HHKora CBaT6H ca ce npaBHJIJ[ CaM0 311MH0 BpeMe,H TO KaTo ce

npH6epe BCllllK0 OT Il0J1eTo, 0611.t<HOBeHo OT ITeTKOB)leH, na ce npo-
J.l1,JDKaBaT .n.o CupHH 3ar0Be3HH. C TOH )leH ce ·npeK'bCBaT cear6,ne
Ilpe3 nH.10T0 JlHT0 II ce HalfHHHT naK eceHTa. JlIOJIKHTe ce npaBHT B
CBp'h3K_a C T05l 0611tJai.i - JTJOJJe.JJT ce Cal\l0 MOl\tHTe H MOMUHTe, KOHTO ca·
OCTaHaJJH Heo.>KeHeHH npe3 3JIMaTa H J<OltTO ll.~e Tp.H6Ba )la lfa.KaT Jl.O
ecewra-.
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Jie6MHCKo), llocmHa HeiJe;m (c. ToJJ.bOBUH, E.1eHCKo) e UHJJaTa He.ZJ.eJJ.H
Ko.H1'0 ce 3aBopnrna cbc CupHu aazooeaHu HJIH CupHu noKAMu, HJI~
llpotuttaHU tlOKAaiJu (Oxpu.n),
Dpn c1>61-1paHeTo Ha MaTepnaJmTe 3a 06n11aHTe H o6pe,nure,e1,prue-
HH- Ka-KTO npe3 UHJ1aTa C~MHUa , TaKa H Ha ca.MaTa ae11ep, a3 H aMe-
PHX HHKOJIKO OT)J.e.TJHH B3.>KHH o6H'laH, l<OHTO TYK me pa3fJie,ll.aM OT-
)l.e.rrno:
nopBHH - o6H11aHTe na caMaTa eetJepH H TpanesaTa;
BT0pHH - o6Hlf3HTe, Hape11eHH opamHUK, 0/leAUJl;
TpeTHfl - o6Hlf3MTe OK0JI0 'lUAKaHemo cmpe.tlKU HJJH 'liJ&u,
HJIH mytlKaHe;
11eTa1-pTHH - o6Hlfa_H HJJH o6peJJ.a, HapetJeH aopa. .
a
3 a r o e H e a H e, 3 a n o K JI ,n B a H e. .Ue.n-HHT ,neH, He-
,ne.nH, ce MHHaea B nocemeHJrn; MJia.ztHTe me oTHJ.laT o6esaTeJIHo y
no-crap HTC pOJ.lHHHH, y Ky Ma H J.lpyrn J.l3 ce npoCTHT, TaKa moro Be-
qepTa, KOfaTO Ce)lH3T ,na Be~epslT, J.l3 33fOB.ffB3T, TpH6Ba .U.a Ca Ce OOMH·
pHJLH H· onpocru.1111 c BCHlfKH.OrraMo TaH eeqep ce HapH'la H llpOUlp.llHU
302C6e3HU, IlpOUl'UlHU noK/ZMU .
)f(eHHTe B K'hmH npHfOTB.HT ro36HTe 33 IlOl<Jl3,llH; TbH KaTo Meco:
TO If MecHHTe f036H ca H3K,1J0qem1, OT KOHTO e 33f0BHH0 Ha MecHK
33f0Be3HH, .TO ro36HTC ca: pH6a, pn6HHK, M3CJIO, niiu.a, MJIHHOBe
(6aHHUH) H ,np., KOHTO ca CfOTBCHJf naK C M3GJIO, MJlSIK0 H .HHUa. Tpa-
Ile3aTa e CJio.>KeHa H Ha He.ff ro36HTe. Xm160BeTe He ca 06pe1ui~ , a
OOHKHOBCHH H Tpane3aTa C f036ttTe cera He ce KazlH, Ta 33TOBa H»-
Ma H o6pe.n;u. x ·
. ITpe.n;H )la H3C.ff,A3T H .na. no11HaT ee11ep.SJTa, H3B'bplllBa ce o6Hqa-
HT onpocrB aHe Me2K.n;y: .l{OM3lllHHTe; ryA CTaBa, KaTO ue.11yeaT no-MJJa-
11
)tHTe poKa Ha no~crapHTe; npH ue.nyeaHe poKaTa Ka3aar: ,,npomaeaii! ,
Ha KOeTo ce oTroaapH: ,,rocno}{ .u.a npomaea. ,lla CH npocTeH!"
Be11eps1Ta Tpae eJ,lHH-,nBa 11aca.
EJlHO apeMe, npe.u.H }la ce.nHaT .na ee11ep})T, .u.oMaKnu-KaTa ot.n.e-
Jrn OT ro36HTe H pa3.,llaBa OT THX Ha 6e).{HH ceMeHCTBa, 33 KOHT0 ce
3Hae, qe HHMaT c mo .Qa aaroaesn.
C.11e)l CB'bpIIIB3HeT0 Ha eeqeps11a H811HHH ce o6H'l8SIT Xa.MKaHe
HJJH Aa.MKaHe (B .llpaMCKO). XaMKaHeTO CTaBa no TOH Ha11HH.
Hazr. rpaneaa ra aacp_e.Q K'bll(H 3a ropHaTa rpe.l(a Bp'b3BaT KoHeu.
3a TOSI K0Heu Bp'b3BaT Bl>rJieH, nocJie HHU.e H nocJie CHpeHe, 0T,l(eJIHO .
KoHeU'bT c B'hrJieHa, HHuero, CHpeHeTo ce 38HHUIBa, 3aJJIOJJHBa H eceKH
pEJIHTH03H H 05H l/A H 497
rne.n.a .na xaMKa, T. e. .na xaaHe BbrJJeHa, HiiueTo w CHpeHeTo c ycTa-
Ta CH, Tosa xaMKaHe, HeoTeMJleMa tJaCT OT IlOKJl3,nH H8BCHK'b,Ue, HMa
xapaKrep Ha o6pe.n. TiocJJe xaMKaHeTo CKbTBa ce B'hrJieH'bT H ce yno-
rpe6srna 3a uHp OT ypoKH. OT HHUeTo H,ne ce t5eJIT'bK'bT, a .>KeJIT'bK'hT
Be)lH0 enc cHpeuero ce CKbTBa H ynoTpe6HBa ce npe3 ro,nHHaTa 3a
JTeK cpew.y ,ZlpHCbK; KoraTo HHKoe ,l{eTe :ce npo.l{pHCKa, .l{aBaT MY OT
TOH >KeJIT'bK, CMeCeH CbC cupeHeTo. CbIUO H ar'bHUaTa, KoraTo ce npo-
,npHCK3T, JieKyBaT ce C TOH .>KeJIT'?K H CHpeueTo, K3T0 ce .ry.>K,na OT
THX e K'bpMHJIKaTa. HHK'h,ne xaMKaT H xaJiea, Ho TYH e HOBO " HMa ro
caM0 B rpa,noBeTe H HHK0H CeJTa .
.Karo ce csopnrn xaMKaHeTo, c KoHeua ce Bopnrn TOH o6pe.n: Ha-
pnttaT 3a .>KHTO H ro 3anamn; aKo ropH 6op3o - me HMa nJJo,nopo.nue;.
yraceat ro H uapHtJaT sa uapeBHUaTa H naK ro 3ana.near .w yracear;
Hap1-1ttaT nope.n: BHHO, .no6HT'bK, OBUH, KOlllapH, CT0il3HHHa, CTonaH-
K8T3 H 33 eceKHfO OT,UeJl~IO OT )lOMalllHHTe.AKo e HapetteHo 33 M0Ma
HJIH M0M'bK H KOHeU'bT ropH 61,pso, 3H3K e, qe Te me ce o:>KeHHT 6e3-
)lpyro uaeceH.
BTopuHT o6HtJaH Ha CHpHH saroBe3HH e TOH, HapetieH opam11,uK ~
oAeAiJ.R.
Ha3BaHHHTa Ha TOH o6HtJ3H ca MHoro H pa3HOoopa3HH,KaKTO u
nattHH'hT Ha caMHH opaTmra.3a .na uMaMe e.nuH o6IU H eepeH nperJie.n~
a3 Jl.8B3M TYK H3JIO.>KeHHe Ha 06HtJ8H, K8KTO ro Cpelll.Hc!X B pa3JIHlJHJ,fTe
ceJia .
. 8 C. Jlocneii, CaMOKOBCKO, npaB.HT opaTHHK. ,U1>pso, pa3r(e-
neH0 H Ha6oKaHo enc CJJaMa,ce Kassa opam11,uK. TaH c.rra.Ma ce sarra-
J1H H B'bpTH; K8TO BbpTHT sanaJJeHaTc.i CJJaMa, BHKaT:

Opara, Konara,
Jlaif MH, tJHtJo, MoMaTa,
JI a H eo.nH H3 ,noJI e ,noJI,
Jla u ceqa 6eJia cpypKa,
lla MH .naea ... (.nocra UHHHttHo).
B c. I(Jrncypa rrpH KonpHBIUHlla TaH Betiep 3HMaT KampailH.UKa,
H3.D.HraT ro Ha ,,npOCTop" (HaBHCOKO) H BHKaT.HHKora ca H3JIH3aJIH
Kpaii ceJIOTO H TaMO ca rraJIHJIH roJieMH OfHbOBe OT HaTpynaH cyxap;
THH OfHbOBe ce K83B3JIH !}p6aAKu·.
B c. CeMHCtJe, XacKOBCKO, Ha MecHH H CHpHH saroee3HH namrr
KpaH ceJJoTo no BbpXoBeTe HaTpynaHa na roJJeMH Kynoee cJiaMa. Toea
ca opamHul,fu. Toaa npaBHT .na HHMa 6oJIXH.
B c. Tio.neec, KapHo6aTCKO, KJia,nHT roJIHM or'bH Kpaii ceJioTo H
ro npecKatJaT MOMUHTe, a Mm.mre 11rpaHT xop:>. Toea ce Kassa yAellil.fl .
B c. Kom1611Te, TpoHHCKo, swMar Kolllepame, HaMa3aHo c KaTpaH
H.'IH HanbJIHeHo coc cJiaMa, H ro naJIHT. KornepuIUeTo ce Ka3Ba
opyeAu4a, a CaMOTO naJieHe - Op!J2A'bl3aHe. Toaa npaBHT Kpa.ii CeJl0TO
H AO)lero opyrm1uara ropH, M0MUHTe ro B'bpTHT H BHKaT:
BopToTe Jie, none Jiel
32
498 ).( J1 M J1 T 'b P M A · p J1 H O B

KoH He ynpeJia KbJitJilmaTa,

na .Il.bpMH TpH: .II.HH Mb.ZI.HI.I.J.aTa,
na H KYITH rpHBHH.
MoMHTe HrpaHT xopa, a M0MU.lffe rbpMHT, 38 )la 6o)laT Kornep11-
1'e (ntJeJI11Te) .n.o6pH.
. BC. TBop)lHU.a Kpaii ceJI0T0 naJIHT CJiaMa, npecKatJaT H M0MLlHTe,
a Mol\rnTe IIrpaHT xopo. Toaa ce Ka3Ba AaM6aailR.
B c. K03oCMa,ne, CJrnaeHCKO, naJIHT CJiaMa, 11rpaHT H npecKa-
liaT. Toaa ce Ka3Ba K!}pHuu,u.
B c. PHiu, CTpecJiaBCKO, na.JIHT CJiaMa Kpaii ceJioTo, HrpaHT "
npecI<atJaT; .n.o.neTo ropH, Te BHKaT:
OJieJ1irn., JIHH !
.II.a yMpe Aniu,, .
.il.a ITHe}.{ TOIT.118 paKHH.
(CMHC'hJI'bT e crurypaTHBeH· H U.HHH 1leH.),

IlpH TOBa XBbpraT J1yratIKI{, 3a · KOHTO me fOBOpHM Ha .npyro

MHCTO.
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Ma, XBOHHa, JI030BH npo1IKH, JIHCTHeK, TIOTIOHeBH CTpoKOBe H .npyrH cy-
XH Hema, HaTpynaHH Ha e)lHO BHCOKO MHCTO. TaH Kona ce K83Ba cupH.u-
l{Q, a MOMII.HTe, KOHTO np11roTBHT TaH CHpHIUla, ce K83BaT cupH.Uttapu
(e,n.. tJ . cilpHurtap}. BCHKa .Maxa:n:a 0T)leJIH0 CH 'npaBHT ITO)l06HH CHpHH-
II.H. 3a )la CBe~H no-xy6aBo, npHr0TBHT ome H KampaHUU,U (TYJIYJ\1 OT
KaTpaH), KO.HTO OK8l1B3T Ha BHCOKO )lopBo. KaTO MpoKHe, naJIHT TIUI
CHpHHI.J,H H KaTpaHHII.H .
B TeTeBeHe BetJepTa naJIHT KOlllepm.u.e HJIH Korn : HJIH H3M333H),{ C
KaTpaH, HJIH. H3IT'bJIHeHH C'bC CJiaMa. Toaa ce K33Ba yp6aAKU,K3KTO H
B c. K.rrHcypa. . ·
B TpoHH, KaKTO H B c. KoJJ.H6HTe,. TYH ce HaptttJa opyzAul{a,
B c. TonJiern 11 c. 3eJieHo JlopBo, fa6poBcKo, naJIHT cJiaMa Ha-
Kpaii CeJIOTO; TOBa ce K33Ba OAeAil.R.
B c. K03ap BeJieHe,. CaHmoacKo, KaKTo H B .npyn1Te ceJia OT
Ta.H OKOJIHH, naJIHT CJiaMa no BopxoBeTe OKOJIO CeJIOTO H TOBa ce Ka3-
Ba aAanfjHcJl (BJiarnKa ,nyMa).
· B c. EpyceH, TeTeBeHCKo, TaH aeqep JI1060BHHK H JIIo6oBHHU.a ce
ocTaBHT, pa3,n.e.rr.HT ce .n.o HaeceH., ,n.o nbpBa ce.n..HHKa, noHe:>Ke npe3
3HMaTa ne
ca MO.>K3JIH )la ce 3eMaT, a npe3 JIHTOTO He ce .>KeHHT. TOH
.MO.>Ke, aKo HCKa, .na 33JIH6~ .n.pyra MOMa, a TH CbI.I.J.0 MO)Ke ,n.a 33Jrn6H
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H3 O,npHHCKo, JI03eurpa,n.cKo, .LlHMOTHlllKO, KernaH,
-ryp- ·
.neara11 H np. MeCTa a IOroH3Toqua TpaKHH npe3 MHHaJIHTe pycKo
CKH BOHHH,
l.JerBbpTHH,; 06Hl:laH . e TOH,H3BeCTeH . DO.I{ HMeTo 30pa HJJH wpa.
ToH o6uqaH cpemuax a XacKoBcKo u a HHKou ceJia B Bypra cKo.
ToA ce npaBH npe3 UHJiaTa CHpH a ue,neJIH, T. e .
HaqHHH OT ce
o ce
He)J.eJIH, KoraTo ce 3aroBHBa or Meco, H rpae )J.O He)J.eJIH, KoraT
3af0B HBa OT CHpeue HOT BCHlIKO.
06Hl!aHT CTaBa no TOH H8lIHH. BCHKa cyrpHH MHoro paHo, OI.U.e B
T'bMH0, Y 30pH,C 'b6Hpa r Ce MOMH H MOMUH Ha . HHK0H IlOJI. naHa , K0HTO
0 6aqe rp .ff6Ba )I.a 6'b,Zle Ha Kp'hCT0ilbT. TaMo )J.0Xa>K,nar
H M'b)Ke
> H )KeHH
KaTO 3pHTeJrn.
504 JlHMHT"bP MAPHHOB

KaTo Ct! C'b6epaT, Te HaC.ff,l(aT Ha noJUIHaTa, HO BCHqKH c JIH·

ue K'LM H3TOK CJI'LHUe, K'LM TOKY·W:.O H3fpRJiaTa 3OpHHUa H B . xop, 3a-
JI.PY.>KHO, pa3.ll,eJieHH Ha Jl.Be rpynH, neRT CJie.ll.HHTe necH1c ·

Ilopaa neceH

Ilo.ll, ropa CP.JIO fOJiffMO, - .llapa CH HSIM8 MOMaTa;

B ceJIOTO Tieiio 11op68Jl..>KH.
Toil HMa MOMa xy6aaa.
- · ·A 6pe, rHp.ll.>KHK CToHHel
He r .neAaH rope ropata,
~ rJieJJ.aH Jl.OJJ.Y noJiero,
B noJie-r·o MOMH Xiy,6aBH.
_.- [Jie]l.aM rH, M8MO, rJie.ll,8M fH,
Hau-xy6aaa MoMa TieAoBa;
TpH O'bTH 38 HeH nonpOCHX.
IlnpBaTa ro.ll,HHa nonpocHX,
MailKa H H3Jie3e Hacpem.a:
BTopaTa r0Jl,HHa OTHJl.0X,
TeAKo H H3Jie3e Hacpell\a:
- MaJIKa e om.e MOMaTa;
. TperaTa r0Jl.HHa OTHJl.0X,
CaMa MOM3.T8 H3Jie3e,
113Jie3e H MH roaopH:
- CToeHe, rHpJJ..>KHK CToeirer
B1>pBH CH T1>pce npHJIHKa,
KaTo Ha Koaqe D'LTH AMeKH
KaTo aa 6HBOJIH KHpHiiKa.

.llpyra:
(mqap CH ropa IlHTa1IIe:
- ropo Jibot ropo aen~aa,
.llocKopo 6eme 3eneHa,
Cera MH, ropo, H3C'hXHa.
.[{BJIH Te TT0>K8p TT0.>K3pHJI,
HnH Te cnaHa cnaHHna?
ropa oaqapIO fOBOpH:
- OaqapKO, MJI8Jl.H oa11ap10!
HHTo Me no.>Kap no>Ka.pHJI,
HHTo Me cnaHa cnaHHJla;
CHOI.IJ.H MH, OBllapKO,
)J.o TPH CHHJt.>KHpa C'bC po6e.
Il'LpBHSIT CHH.ll..>KHp,
Bee Te3 MJIBAH .zteaoiiKH.
KoraTo ;ZteBoHKH ·3anJiaqaT,
ropa ce c B1>p1IIe npea 1-1aa,
lliHpoKH APYMH Merewe;
.lleBOHKH nJiaq·aT H Jl.YMBT:
,,EoJKe JlbO, BHWHH 60.>KHllKe,
Te3 HawH TeJKKH Jl,apoae,
TKaeHH, He,nOTKaeHH,
Eene1:1H, ae,no6eJieHH,
Koii w.e Jl,a rH H3TKae,
l13TKae ow:.e Jl.06enH?
KoA m.e ,na rH .ztoae.>Ke,
.lloaeJKe, om.e .n.opecH?" .
B,-opHffT CHHJJ..>KHP, oBqapKo,
Bee Te3 Mna.n.H HesecTH.
KoraTo HeaecTH aannaqaT,
ropaTa C lllYM8 ona,IJ.a.
HeaecTH nnaqaT, aape)K)J.aT:
,,60)Ke JlbO, MHJIH 60)KH11Ke!
Te3_ HawH .n.pe6HH )J.ellHU.8,
CyTpHHa 6e3 MaHKa cTaHanH,
MHHaxa 3a M8HKa CH IlJiaqaT H DHT3T.,
,Uana e MaHKa npH Kp8BH?
OBll :lpKO, ,Ua 6ewe MailKa npa KpaaH.,
TeJieHu.a He m.Rxa .n.a peaaT.
,UaJIH e MBHKa Ha Bo,na?
,Ua 6ewe M8HKa Ha B0.ll.a,
KoTJIHTe m..Hxa .zta AP1>HK8T :"
Tp~H CHHJl..>KHp, OB 'l8pKO,
Bee Te3 MJI8Jl.H 10H8UH.
Kora IOH8UH 3annallaT,
ropa C KJIOHQBe H3CbXBa.
10ttau.H nJiaqaT' Hape.>K)J.8T:
,, Eo.>Ke JI ho, MHJIH .60.>KHll_Ke!
Te3 Hawa u.pbHH 6HBOJIH,
p£JIH fH03 HH OBH' IAH 505
IlperH3TH, Hepa3nperH8TH, Kofi ~e ,na rH H3ope?
Kofi JIH ~e ,na rH pa3nperHe? TaH ttama 6HJia nmeHHua,
Te3 H3UIH UP'hHH yrapH, CeHtta, He.lloceHtta,
OpaHH, He,noopaHH, Koii ~e ,na H ,nocee?"
Cnywatta or .MHHa To.ztoposa, c. T1>pttono r,pn CeifMeH, XacKoacKo

T p e Ta:
B HJI BH1op .nyxa, 3a IlbpBo JIH6e,
f opa JIICJiee, Bropara 6HJIK3
C Heroae tonH, MaifuH ,nymara;
T pu peKH re11ar, TpeTa 6HJIKa
T pH 6HJIKH HOCHT. CaMHHK3 P a)la.
fl1ipEaTa 6HJIK8
CnywaHa or c1>mara Mirna To.ztopoea

q e TB b p Ta:
OnJiaKaJio ce KaJIOHHtJo,
KaJioHHllo Ha MHH3yxap11e:
- 6Jia3e TH Te6e, MHH3yxap11e!
6n33e TH re6e H npe6Jia3e TH!
lJe TH e M8HKa, MaHKa Cb~H'IKa.
TBoHTa Mafrna Te6e Te nycKa,
Te6e Te nycKa a TOilJIOTO BpeMe,
B TODJI0TO BpeMe, no HCH0 CJI'bHUe,
MeHe e MafIKa, MaHKa M~exa ,
lJe TH Me nycKa 3HMHOTO BpeMe,
3HMHOTO BpeMe, Il0)l 6eJIH CHeroBe.
CnywaHa or Chll(ara Mtrna To.11.opoaa

TuH neCHH neHT Ce)lHllIKOM. Karo fH CB'bpillaT ,BCH\IKHTe CTaBaT Ha

KpaHa 11 ce ttanaBHT 3a poue. Toil HaJioBeHH, npo,n'hJDKaBaT ;:\a neHr.

fl e T a TI' e C e H:
TH JJIOJieu, ropo, JIIOJieif, pa3JIIOJIHJia eel
5I MH OOCTOH, ropo, ITOCTOH )la 33MHHa;
nocrou )la 3aM1rn8, ropo, oTBb,D.HaTa crp3Ha,
lJe He MH e BpeMe, ropo, BpeMe 33 CTOHHe.
MeHe 33 CTOHHe, ropo, KOHtJe 33 )l'bp)KaHe.
4 e MH JB-r6e, ropo, TaMo 6onHo Jie)Ktt,
4e CH Hille, ropo, Jie,neu nocpe)l JTHTO,
H cu Hille, ropo, HrHe nocpe,n 3HMa.
KbJJ.e ,na MY Haitna, ropo, JJe)leu nocpe.A JIHTo?
506 JiHM HT1, P MAPM l:IQB

Ko.ZJ.e .ZJ.a MY HaH.ZJ.a, ropo, .ffrHe nocpe.n 3HMa?

CJ1ywa1-1a OT 6a6a Pa.na TClHbORa OT C'hlUOTO ceJio T1.ptto no

Cera Ha1HlH.ffT .ZJ.a Hrpa.HT. KaTo urpa.HT, ne.HT CJJe.llHaTa necea

Ha MHOfO Hrp11B a MeJJO. llHH.

lII e c T a nece H:

3opa ce 3a3opHJia! Harne CHBO CTa.l{o.

OT 3arop e CJIH3a T TH .l{a ro Hanoa rn,
TpH B8KJIH 0B'18p H, HancH rn, HaKnpMHrn:
11 H8 rJiasa HOCHT Cetto ,nCTeJIHHa,
flepa nayHO BH. Bo.na r1:1pattoaa.
fiHJI BHTnp CH .ZJ.yxa, fop-a OTroe apH:
f opaTa JIIOJiee; - EA: MJJa,nH oeqapn:,.
fopaT a JIIOJiee, Xaii.l{e BH BnpBCTe!
TTepaTa Tpenep5tT. A3 w.e ,na ro r Jie.IJ.aM.
Oa11apH roaopH T: A3 w;e ,na ro no.ff,
- fopo JlhO 3CJICH a, A3 w;e .n~ ro 306.H
BO.l{O JihO cTy.l{eHal CeHo qaapJIHH,
Ha Te6e ocTaBHMe Bo.na ,z:t)KaHpJIHH.
Cnywa Ha OT )KeKa )KeKOB a, C'blUOT OI ceJJO T'bpHOBO

Ce AM a:

HeAeJihO Jih0, HeAHJIKe! .TTo)Kern, Koro JI'b)Kern,

3acna na HeAHJIKa .lleJIH HeMOH JI'hra,
PaHo y He,neJIH .lleJIH ce He JI'b)KC.
.MaiiuH CH Ha cKyTH, .lleJIH w;e 3arHH e .
TeiiKo H H 6y):{H: _ITpornK a BH He .l{8BaM,.
- 51 cTaHH, He):{eJibO, KJieTs a BH ocTaaaM:
CTaHH MH, norJie,z:tHHI Jla MC 3aKon aHTC,
J1H6e TH 3aMHHa, .llCTo MHpq o nJia.l{HH
KnMTO Hae norJie.l{sa; Caoe saKJIO cTa.l{o,
KnMTO Hae norJie):{sa, · nna.l{H H, M8HJ{apyaa.
,llaHo BHJ{K ,lleJIH. Be):{pa ):{a MY MHH;
ITO .l{BOJ)H ):{8 XO.l{H, C KasaJI ,na 3acen pH,
Coe oqa ):{a cMaxa . A3 .ZJ.8 MY · OTTI.ffB aM. .
,lleJrn: MaMH .l{yMa: Tosa w;o H3,nyMa,
- MaMO , C_T apa MaMo! Or .nyrna ce pa3,neJIH.
CJiywaH a OT )KeKa )KeKOBa

0 CM a:
/ Pa.II.a Jie, 6HJia, xy6as a! J1 CH Of'bHH H8KJJ8.ZJ.B8W?
mo paHHl ll paHo B He.l{eJIH - MaMo ne, itlHJia Maii11Huet
PEJIHI'H03HH OEHl/AH

J10U:f3 C'bM C'bH8 C'bHyBa.71a Mep,n.eBeH'bT ca 6HBOJI 1r,

B c'b6oTa cpew.y He,ne.n»:
TeiiKo MH .noaeJI .nynrep H
Row.a .na MH H3rpa,ns1T.
.IlyJirepH K'bUJ.a rpa,nH.xa
C BHCOKH Mep,neBeHH,
Coe mapeHH nep,neBeHH, 41
BoB K'bUJ.H Il'bCTpO IlHJieHJ..(e.
A3H w.e, MaMo, .na yMpa.
MaflKa CH Pa,nH .nyMaIIJe:
- Pa,nKe Jie, 6eJia xy6aBa! .
MoJiqH MH, Pa.nKe, He .nyMaff,
He .ll.)'M8H, Pa.nKe, He nJia'llH.
TH HHMa, Pa.no, .na yMpeIIJ.
MaMa w.e Te yrJiaBH
0rB'h.zI.Ha CTp8Ha 6.HJI .IlyHaB.
,llyJJrepHTe ca TK CBaTOBe,
Kow.aTa e K0JiaT8,
C.1JymaHa OT C'bIUaTa )KeKa )KeKOB2
ITep.neeeHH ca, Pa,n.Ke JJe,
TBOHTe 3'bJIBH, .nesepH,
TTHJieHueTo, Pa.n,o JJe,
CaMHHKa Pa.na B'hB. KOJJa:.
Pa.n,a cH MailuH .n,yMallle:
- MaMo Jie, cTapa Ma:Hq1u.r;et
ToBa He ca, MaMO, CB8TOBe.
.IlyJireplfTe ca ceJIHHH,
Kow.aTa e, MBMo, rpo6a MH,
Mep.n,eeeH'bT e HocHJio,
nep.neeeHH ca 6eJiboae, 42
TTKJieHl..(eTo, MaMo Jie, .
CaMHHKa Pa.na B'hB rpo6a.
Toaa _cH Pa.n.a H3.II.YM8
11 ce oT .n.yma pa3.neJIH,
11 CH Pa.na 3arHHa.

K8TO H3ne.HT TaH neceH, CJJ'hHUeTo Belle .naBa 3apH H 6m-13o

e .ll.8 H3rpee. Te Tp'brBaT ,n3 c~ pa3HaCHT no K'hl.UHTe; oT.ne..'l.HT ce Ha
rpynw OT BCSIKa MaxaJia C neCHH H ttrp1-1. .
· Toaa ce npaau npe3 UHJJaTa He.neJrn .
3Ha'lleHHeTo Ha TOH o6H'll8H 6a6a Pa.zi.a MM o6SICHH, 'le Ce npaBeJl
38 6epeKeT H 38 3Jl.paae B qecT Ha 30pHHU8T8.
ToH o6H'll8H cpernHax H B c. OnaH, XacKoBCKo, ooa11eTyK ro
Ka3BaT ropa. To.ff 06H11ail He npaBSIT .npyr Il'hT 11 necH1ne ce ae neHT
npH HHKaK'bB .npyr CJiyqaif.
fopa HJIH 30pa npOH3JIH3a OT ropH, . .>Kap, 3ap.H.
BcHqKH neCHH C'hM 3an:ucaJI Ha MeCTeH roaop; TYK n-1 npe.na.nox
Ha JIHTepaTypeH e3HK.

e) To.nop _oBa He,neJI.H

nocJie 3aroae3HH HaCTonBa Toaopoea HeiJeAR, KORT<>·

B TeTeBeHe ce K83B8 l/epHa Heae/lR. TTpe3 TaH HeJ1,eJJS1 38 BHpBaHeTo·
Hapo)lH0 Ba>l<HH ca: noHe)leJIHHK, BT0pHHK, cps:i.na, tieTB'bpTbK u Cb6o-
Ta .
»<) TT OH e.n e JI H HK, KocH IlOHe)leJJ HHK

TOSI noHe)leJIHUK HOCH HHKOJIK0 HMeHa: fl'7,cu,

noH£iJeAHUK B UHJJa 3ana.nHa 61>JJrap1-r n; flecu noHeiJeAHUK - e Eneai-
4 lllepoeeeHu e orpa~aTa oKoJJo npycTa.
4 2 fje.tb06e ca npe11KHTe OKOJIO HOCHJIOTO (aa M'bpTeeu,a).
 SOB /IHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

CKo. ra6poacKo, TpoHHCKO H HoBo3aropcKo; l/ucm no11eiJemtU1C

:e KJrncypa, BeJiec, llbm; Pozatl.- B TTaHanopmue; KyKepoeiJeit _
B Jlo3eHrpa.U,CKO.
ToH .u,eH ·c TOJlKOBa Ha3BaHHH Hrpae B3)1<H3 poJrn B Hapo.naoro
BHpBaee H Hap0.IlHHTe pe11HfH03HH 06H1IaH.
Toil ce npa3Hyea a qecr Ha JIOlllHH .u.yx H .u,eMoH, Hapeqea 6ac.
ToH AYX BJ1H3a Ha qoBeKa, Ho.rJiaBHo B .IlOMalllHoTo H oaqapcKo Kytie
Koero e MHoro CKbno 3a ceJIHHHHa 3eMJie)J.eJteu, a ow.e ·noeeq aa
.CK0T0Bb.U,eua'. Ha TOH ,neH ce H3Bbpll1B3T )J.Ba 06ut1aS1: JIIOJieeHe Haence-
TaT.a H KyKepH.
'°
JI JI e e H e H a n c e T a r a. ToH noHe)J.eJIHHK e HapetieH
TinCH, necH, r. e. KyqemKH noHeJJ.eJUHIK,3amoro ce npa3Hyea e 11ecr
Ha Kyqero. 3a JJ.a He JIOBH npe3 'f0)1.HH3Ta 6HC, TOH )J.eH ro JIIOJTeHT.
H3JIH33T MOMUHTe B'bH OT ceJio Ha HHKOH M0fHJia, )J.ero HMa DPH·
f0TBeJ:la JIIOJIKa, H BCeKH BO.IlH C'bC ce6e CH B'bp3aH0 ceoero oaqapcKo
Kylie. TyK B'bp>KaT BCHKO Kyqe Ha JIIOJIKaTa H ro 3aJIIOJIHBaT TPH Il'hTlf.
3aJIIOJIHHOTO Ky'le eeqe e JieKyBaHo H npe3 JIHTOTO 6HC He M0.>Ke .na ro
Jioe». no.no6Ho JIIOJieeHe Ha KyqeTara craea H B MaJJKOT'hpHoBcKo,O.11-
pHHCKo •H To ce Ka3ea .na 4upRm (r. e. .na uepHr) nceraTa. (Cpe. C6HY,
IV, 273.)
ToH o6uqafl o6aqe He ce na3H JJ.Hec HaBCHK'bJle. JllOJiKHTe ce
11paBHT no oco6eH HallHH. Co.>KaJrnBaM, Aero He MO.>Kax .na npe.u,craeH
pHCYHKH OT THH JIIOJJKH.
B c. Teop.nuua T0.H .u,eH HHKora Ha BCHK0 Kyqe oeqapCK0 HJIH .!lO·
MauIHo ca Bop3eaJIH Ha onauJKaTa KpaTyHKa, Han'bJIHeHa c neneJI, H ro

I nyw.aJIH .na 6.Hra npe3 CeJI0TO. ToH 06ut1aii e 6HJJ MHOfO H 33HHMare-
JJeH, H npenoJmeH C'bC cMexoee.
npyrH 06Hll3H, K0HT0 Ce B'bplllaT TOH )J.eH, Ilp0)1.HKTYB3HH OT
BHpBaHHHTa, cpew.HaX CJie)J.HHTe: . '
. B c. nepeKbOH, Ko3'bJiaraqKo, npeceJieHH OT HoeoceJICKa OKO·
JIHH, CocpHHCKO, TO.ff )J.eH 3anaJIHT CTapara MeTJia H H XBbprar 3anaJJ.e-
Ha Ha cMerra. Koraro e,nHa or .>KeHuTe H3HaCH 3anaJieHara Merna, 11,py-
ra e:&pBH r ne)J. tteH H H m:ra: ,,KaKeo cpi,pralll?", a TH orroeapH:
,,<l>bpraM 6'bHJIH", T.e. 6bJIXH. Toea npaBHT .na HHMa npe3 JIHTOT0 6bJIXH.
Boe BeJieC TOH .u,eH, 4HCT noHe)J.eJIHHK, He pa60THT 3apanH CT0~
Karn Jla .He 60J1e,nysa.A C'hIUo H 3a MHlllKHTe. (Cpe. C6HY, XI, 84.)
B lUHn ro.s1 ,AeH-41tcr noHe.neJIHHK, He MecHT KHCeJI xm16,
3aUJ.OTO npes ro.nuHaTa xm16bT w.e xeaw.a ceou4u. (Cpe. C6HY, X, 122.)
. B Axopqene6HH.CKO He •Ce MHHT T03H ,IleH, 33UJ.0T0 npe3 BpeMeT0
Ha .>KbTBa, Koraro .>K'bHaT, w.e fH 60.ne OCHJI'bT Ha CTpbKOBeTe.
ToH )J.eH He JI0BHT 6pa.u,ea, H0.>K HJIH K3KB0TO H .na 6HJIO JJ.pyro
.>KeJI.H30, 33W.0T0 pa3JIHqHa .>KHBHHa - HaCeKOMH H MHlllKH - me C'b·
cuneaT HHBHTe. (Cpe. C6H1' , XI, 73.)
B c. ToAhOBUH, EJieHCKo,
.
TOH ,neH HMaT o6Hqaif ' Koitro noee11e e
33 CMSIX, 3aW.OTO HHMa B Hero HHK3KBO C'bOTHoWeHue C BSlpBaHHffTa.
TOH oo~qafl ce C'bCT0H B CJie)J.H0T0. MoMUhTe, K0HT0 ca 6H,IJH 33 JKeHe-
PEJ1HfH03HH 05HI./AH 509
He, a OCTaHaJiu HemKeHeHH npe3 3HMaTa, 3HMaT TYJJYMH H ce fOHffT
e,D.HH .npyrH, Ta ce 6m1t; Te 6mIT c T!UI TYJIYMH H MOMJ-!Te, KOHTO TO>Ke
6HJIH 33 >KeHeHe, a OCTaHaJIH Heo:>KeHeHH. TOH .neH B ceJIOTO .no o6HJ{,
na H .no Be11epTa UHJIOTO CeJio e Ha KpaK H ITOT'hHaJJo B CMHX.
ToH .neH HHKOra ca M€CHJ!H KBaCHHK .xm16 H )J.aBaJTH lfa .no611T'bKa
B K'bpMHJIKaTa cpemy 6Hc. B c. K0Jrn6111e; TpoHHCKo, TOH o6pe.n e 3a-
na3eH u .IlO JJ.Hec. Ha11epTaH11ero Ha XJIH6a e npe.nc1aae110 a pHc. ~Q172.
MecHJia ro 6a6a TTeHa MHt1eBa TTJ1aTHHIIIKa, 15 IOHH 1898 r . Orro-
pe e mtTKa H OKOJIO HeH BeHeu, Ha31i6t1eH C orpH6KaTa. 0KOJIO ITJITKa-
Ta H Kpaeail11ero ca 11erHpH ncera. XJIH6'hT JJ.aear Ha BoJtoeere, a Kpa-
aait11ero, IlHTKaTa C ncerara ce OTKpOHBaT · C HO)K H ce CKbTBaT 3a
J?eK cpemy 6Hc. · .
B c. TonJiern, fa6po~cKo, MeCHT To:>Ke xm16 H QTrope Kpaeaitt1e.
Tyii Kpaaaifqe CK'bTBaT 3a JieK OT 6HC, a XJIH6a .naBaT Ha CTOKaTa B
K'bpMHJii<a. HaqepTaHHeTO" e Como, KaKBOTO H XJIH6'bT B p11c . .N~ 98.
Xm16'hT c Kpaeaif11ero MecuJrn: Map1rn JleKoaa OT c. 3e;reHo .nopBo,
BaHH Toreaa u Hana TTeHt1eaa-ToTeaa , 1889 -r ~.
ToH JJ.eH HaBCHK'bJJ.e npa3HyBaT - He npeJlaT >KeHHTe, a oco6Ho
He npeJJ.aT no B€CMa, a Morar .na w1rnT.
,llpyru Il'bK IlOllHCTBaT UHJiaTa K'hIIJ.a,. H3TbpCBaT qeprHTe, H3Mfr-
BaT BCHllKHTe C'b}lOBe 38 npe3 IlOCTHTe - OTTyKa ce Ka3Ba llHCT no-
He,neJIHHK.
K y K e p u. ,llpyr MHoro ea>KeH 06ut1au: TOH .neH e xo.neHero Ha
KyKoeeme HJIH KyKepume, QT .nero ce Ka3Ba KyKoe u.TfH Ky~poefJeH.
· n p u r or a H He H a Ky Ko a ere. Karo HaCT'hnH CHpHa
He,IJ.em1, MOML[.l{Te OT CeJIOTO me ce C'b6epaT HJIH Ha e.nHo MHCTO - aKO
ceJIOTO e no-MaJIKO, HJIH Ha ,nae-TpH MeCTa - aKO CeJIOTO e no-roJIHMO~
" me ce croaopHr 3a KyKoe.neH. TyK Hape:>K.nar KOH me 61i.na1 KyKoee,
KOH CBHpaqH, KOH me npucJiy:>KBaT Aa HOC.HT rop6ure 3a no.nap'hUHTe~
a Haii-ea:>KHOTo e· KOH me 60.ne MauKa HJ.IH 6a6a.
Karo Hape.nslT TOBa, BCeKH CH OTHBa H CH nplffOTBH o6JieKJIOTO
H op'h>KHeTo.
0 6 JI e K JI OT O H a K y K OB e Te e HaH-pa3Hoo6pa3HO, HO;
H0CH xapaKTep Ha MecrHara HOCH.H, noaeqero :>KeHCKa, H To .npHm1:.
_cyKMaH, eJJeK, o6yma HJIH uopaymi. Ha r1ip6a CH KyKosere HMaT rnp-
6uua OT napuam1; npe3 r1>p.nrre ca npenacaHH c npepaMKH or urnpoKH.
JIHilOBH KOPH HalllapeHH, a Ha IlOHCa HM3'.}' KOJiaH OT c1ima mmoea Kopa.
Ha TOH KOJiaH HJIHepeMUK l'a HaJJ.Hl{anl 10-15 roJie~m 3B'bHUH, XJJOilKH,.
KOHTO OOHKHOBeHO KallaT Ha KOHere H .no6HT'bKa.
r JiaBHara 1.1acT Ha TYH 06.JieKJJO e M a c K a T a Ha r Jiasara. TaH
MaCKa npe,llCT8BJIHBa pa3HHTe :>KHBOTHH - µ.OM8IllHH HJJ.HBH, HTO BHaH-
tJYJlHOBaTO C'blleTaHHe, TaKa Ha .t1OBe1IIKa rJiaBa HMa porH OT )I\HBOTHH:
K03a, BOJJ H Jlpyro; Ha IlTHll8 rJJaBa HM8 poru; f JiaBa Ha OBeH, K03a
HJil-l aoJI c opnoBH KpuJie, c· neTJihOBH Kpune. Jhmara ornpe.ue ca Ha-
npaeeHu OT KpatyHH,OT KOHCKH qeJIJO~TH, OT qepBeHa HJIH qepHa MaTe-
pHH, HarnapeHa Cpa3Hoo6pa3HH userose; HOC HMaT HJIH OT qepBeHa IlH-
510 P,HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

nepKa, HJJH OT .Upb:>KK~Ta Ha KpaTyHa, JiJ(I{ OT KQKGAGUIKa M.HCHpeea

1,ycTaKH H 6pa.ua OT B'b,TIHa, K03HHa, OT UHJia 6pa.ua Ha npb11 HJIH OT
OKOJIOBpaTHH nepa Ha neTeJI, 3eMeHH ueJIH, HJIH OT oaqa KO)Ka C Bb..'t-
HaTa.
THH MaCKH ca npe.ncTaBeHH a pHC . N!!l73, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178,
179. (B.)K. ome H HEM, 21--28.)
Opb)KHeTo Ha KyKepHTe ca .lJ.bpBeHH ·OP'h.ll.HH: KJIIOHK, Tony3
H ca6H.
KA10HK1Jm e no-.nMro H ,ne6e~1mKo Jl.bpBo - To.Hra, HaKpaH c
ype.n, 3aKpHBeH Kato KyKa. _KJJJOHKbT ce BH)KJJ.a .no6pe B pHc . .N!!l74 H
175 a KyKepa OTJJHBO,KOHTO a e,nHaTa CH pbKa .lJ.bp>KH KJJJOHK, a a .npy-
raTa .llbpBeH mony3. Ca6Rma e roJIHMa naJJa, HanpaaeHa TO)Ke oT .nopeo;
iBH)K,lla ce xy6aao a pnc. N!! I76 y KyKepa OT,llHCHO.
Mai1Kama HJJH 6a6ama e naK MOM'hK, HO U36HpaT nO-MJia.l). 6e3 6pa-
)la n 6e3 MYCTaKH, c )KeHCKO JIHUe, KOHTO o6JJHlfa )KeHCKH .npexu H
npe.ncraBJJHBa >KeHa. MaAKaTa HJIH 6a6aTa e 6e3 MaCKa H cnpeTHaro o6-
.JJetJ51a, a HHMa u rop6m.1.a. TH HOCH xypKa c noaecMa H apereuo H
K3T0 BJie3HaT KyKepHTe B HHK0.H K'hW.a .na J-trpa.HT, TH - _MaHKaTa, Ha
cpei:J.ara Ha THXHOTO Kape npe,ne - CHMBOJJ' qe npe.ne w.aCTHe Ha Kl>W.aTa
.H :Ha 11eJI.H,llTa B KnlllaTa.
TaKaBa M8HKa HJIH 6a6a CxypKa npe.ncTaBJIHBa ce B PHC .•N'!?l73
H 17t. B HHKOH ceJJa M3HKarn He HOCH xypKa, a ca6.H' KaKTO ce Bll>l{JJ.a
J\I'!! 177 (c. CTapo ce.TJo, PyceHCKo).
!B pi:c. _
MaHKaTa e rnaBHOTO JIHUe B KyKepHTe. noc.ne H,ZlaT: C B H p u H-
T e, KOHTO CB.Hp.HT Ha KyKepHTe: Te ca MOMUH HeMaCKHpaHH, H .npyrn
J.fOMUH C 11yeaJIH, KOHT0 HOCHT TYH, w.o .llOM3KHH'bT no.napH H~ KyKe-
pHte: 6pallJHO, TI0BeCMa, 606 HJJH .D.pyro. B('HllKO e f0TOBO H 118K3T ,lla
~oii.ne KyKOB,lleH. TTotte,ueJJHHK CJie.n 3aroBe3HH e TOH ,ueH.
Ow.e OT T'bMHH 30pH CeJIOTO 3aexT.HBa OT roJJeMHH lllYM Ha XJJ0n-
1rnTe 11 3B'hHUHTe. Toea noKa3Ba, qe KyKep1,-1Te ca eeqe rporHaJJw . TT0-
1He>Ke OT TOH lll}M Ha 3B'hHUHTe ce nJiallIH .no6HT'bKbT, TO HJlH T051 .ueiI
rH He nycKaT H1-JK1:-,ne, HJJH ow.e OT ee11epra ca ru H3KapaJiu .naneq oT
ceJIOTO no KOlllapH HJlH no naHTHTe.
To.H ,lleH e uapCTBOTO Ha KyKep1ne. B~eKH OT KyKepHTe C KJllOH-
Ka B pbueTe CH HJIH CbC ca651 noor.neJIHO XOJIHT H3 ceJIOTO no TT'hTH-
mara u KOroTo cpemHat, cnupar ro, 3aKa11aT ro c KJl.l(;HKa HJlH ro 61-1-
HT C'bC ca6HTa 33 napH, HO no HHKaK'bB HatJHH KYK'hT He CMee .na ro-
BOpH. 1 OH e HHM. l1 BCeKJ:1 o6e3aTeJJHO e .llJlb)KeH .na MY .na.ne 6aKI11Y.lll,
38llJ.OTO, K3KTO Ka3aXMe, TOH ,lleH e THXHO uapCTBO H HHK3KBH onJiaK-
BaHHH He ce B3eMaT. KyKoBeTe He 3·a,n.HBaT caMo JKeHHTe. Mm.rnre o6a-
tJe He CMeHT .na ce noKa)KaT Ha YJIHUaTa, 3alltOTO THX fOHHT H 61-rnr.
3aTOBa ~ npe3 TOH ,neH BCHJ<a MOMa e y .llOMa CM .AKO CTaHe HHKOH
HYJK,lla, Ta HHKOH MOMa .na OTH,ne HHK'b,ne HJTH y HHKOfO, TH TpH6Ba .na
6b]le npH,npy>KaBaHa OT )KeHa, M'b)K HJIH .nere - - CaMa He 6HBa .na XOJJ.H.
H KOfaT0 KYKOBeTe BJJe3HaT B .llB0pa Ha e,nHa K'hW.a )(8 1-1rpaHT, M0I\IHTe
.P ,E ,JI ,H I' H O 3 H H O 5 H l/ A H 511
B TaH Kblll.3 TpH6Ba .na 6b,llaT 33TBopeHH ·a Kblll.H H HHKaK JI.ace He no-
.Ka3BaT .
.llo OOH.ll KYKOBeTe Ca XO,llHJI H H3 CeJIOTO BCeKH ITOOT,lleJIHO; Ha
OOH,ll BCHtJKH ce t:b6HpaT a AOMa Ha MaHKaTa HJIH 6a6aTa H npe.nao.>K)laHH
.OT HeH, TpbrBaT no KbllJ.HTe. BbB BC.flKa K1:lll,a Te HrpaHT xopo no.n
a
3B.YKa Ha ·K aBaJia HJIH CBHpKaTa, B TOBa .BpeMe MaHKaTa npe.ne (p.HC: .
..N'~l73).
Toea xopo a HHK011 KbW.M Tpae noaet.Ie, a JIHKb.lle no-MaJIKO-
cnope.n 3aMO>KHOCTTa Ha ,llOMaKHHa. HMa BHpBa!{e, qe B KOHTO Kblll.a yc-
neRT .na CKp1un MaHKaTa, TaMO w.e HMa MHOfO 6epeKeT BbB BCHtJKO,
nopa.nH ToBa sreKu rJie.na, .no.neTo KyKoBeTe ca 3aJIHt' aHH B HrpaTa,
..na rpa6He MaHKaTa " .na H 33TBOpH B K'bW.aTa HJlH 3HMHHKa. AKO ce
rpa6He MaHKaTa Ha HHKOH KyKepH- TaKHBa Belle He MoraT .na HrpaHT,
ero 3aw.o RC'eKH OT THX xeM Hrpae, xeM 6JtH H na3H MaHKaTa. AKO HSI-
KOH ycnee .na rpa6He MaiiKaTa H .na H 3aTBOpH B Kbll.(.1-i HJIH 3HMHHKa,
TO KYKOBeTe, 3a .na H H3Ba,ZlHT, HMaT npaBo .na ttyn.HT BpaTa, .nopH H
noKpHBH .na pa3BaJTHT. H TYK cTaBa HaHCTHHa cepH03Ha 6op6a. Ky-
KoBeTe ce tte rnerysaT c·i.c csoHTe KJIIOHKose: a Ko ycne.HT .na y JIOBflT
CTonaHHHa, C'Jie,ll H3Be.>K,llaHeTo Ha MaiiKaTa OT Kblll.H TOH 61rna Ml-)KKH
HaJJaraH. ETo 3arno He aceKH ce HaeMa .na ce 6opH c 20-30 .llYlllH 3.llpa-
BH H CHa.>KHH MOMUH H He BC~KH ce HaeMa .na npaBH .n.opH H OITHT 3a
:OTBJlllttaHe MaHKaTa; ·HanpaBH JIH TOBa, TOH rJie.na .na ce CKpHe HJJH
..)la H36.Hra .na ro He y.ilOB.HT. KaTo CBbplllaT xopoTo, )lOMaKHHbT HM
..naaa 6aKll.lHlll B napn, a .noMaKHHKaTa no.l(apsrna: 6panrno, noaecMa, 606
HJIH .npyro. THH Hew.a noeMaT H HOC.HT ,ZlBaMHHa mpoxofiepu.
KaTo o6HKOJI.HT U.HJIOTO ce.TJo, Cb6HpaT ce BCHllKH tieTH KYKOBe,
aKO e HMaJio H.HKOJIKO TaKHBa 11en1-Hacpe.n ceJio, Ha MHCTOTO, .n.eTo
OOHKHOBeHO ce 11:rpae ceJICKOTO xopo-xopO.'lUU{l?, H TYK M3HKaTa Bnp.Hr-
Ba .neaMa KyKoBe B paJioTo, Ta H3opaaa e.n.Ho napqe MHCTo, KoeTo 3a-
csrna C .>KHTO H ro 38BJIHlia C 6paHa. C.11e.n. KaTO ce CBbplllH TOBa, Ky150-
BeTe ca CBbpllIHJIH CBOHTa pa6oTa H BCeKH CH OTHBa a KbllJ.H .
Ha .npyrH.H .neH ce Cb6HpaT BCHlIKH KYKOBe, npo.n.asaT Ha KpblI-
MapH .Cb6paHtt're Hew.a H CbC 3eMeHttTe napH ycTpOHBaT yrow.em1e H ce
eeceJI.HT UHJJ .n.eH; B TOBa Tbp.>KeCTBO 3HMaT yqacn-re H BCHllKH HeKy-
KOBe MOMUH.
KyKoBeTe xo,ll.HT, 3a .na HMa 6epeKeT. ETo 3aW.o H caMHTe ceJrn-
HH no.ncemaT MOMUHTe )la npaBHT KYKOBe; eTo 33lll.O H BettepTa Tyfr ce
CBbplllBa C M~3 0 pa Ba He MHCTO, 3 a CH Ba He C nllleHHUa H
3 a B JI H q a He noC.HTOTO ceMe . 8 KbllJ.aTa ITbK, )1.eTo KyKep1-1Te ca
1-1rpaJJH H MaiiKaTa npeJia, BHpBaHeTo YTBbp.>K,llaBa, tte B TaH KbllJ.a npe3
ro,llHHaTa w.e HM a w.acTHe, 3,llpaae H 6epeKeT. f TO 33lll.0 BCeKH ,llOMaKHH
nocpema KyKoBeTe c pa.nocT.
. MHoro n'hTH KyKoBere OT e.ntto ceJio oT1-1BaT B .npyro ce,ryo; To-
Ba npaBHT, e.n.Ho, .na noKa>KaT CBOeTo IOHaweCTBO, a .npyro, BHpBaHeTo
YTBbp.>K,llaBa, qe Torana 3HMaJIH 6epeKeTa OT 11)'.>K,llOTO ceJio 11 Ha Bpb-
ll.l,aHe J{OHaCHJIM ro B 3eMJIHW.eTo Ha CBOeTo ceJIO. 3aToBa H~teHHO TI'bK
512 JI H M H T "b P M A ..P H f.l O B

H KyKoBeTe OT JlpyroTO ceJIO r.,1e}laT }la He )lonycKaT 'll)'JK,llH KYKOBe.

AKO ce cpew.HaT TaKHBa )l.Be qeTH HHK'b,ll.e B noJieTO, Te ce C6HBaT ce-
PH03HO, OT KOeTo C6HBaHe MHOfO qecTo na}laT M'bpTBH, KaKTO cnoMe-
Hax H npH pycaJIHHTe H CTapUHTe, KOHTO XO)lHT npe3 Mp1>CHHUHTe.
no Il'bTH OT c. B'hJlrapcKH KOCYH 33 C. CTapH CMHJI, PyceHCKO, B
3eMJIHll.f.eTo Me.>K)ly ceJiaTa CTapH CMHJI, 6eJIOBHU3 If ,ZleHH3JTep MH nocp-
quxa MeCTHOCT, K0HTO H }lHeCKa HOCH HMeTo KyKOBU 2po6tiU{a.
T1u1 rpo6Hw.a ca Ha naJIHaJIHTe KyKoBe, npe,ll.H l 00 _r. Hew.o, npH e)l.aa
TaKaBa cpema.
noT)'K H3JTO>KeHHTe p~JlOBe OITHCBaT KyKepHTe, J<3KTO fH cpew.-
HaX B cenaTa B CuJrncTpeHCKO, TyTpaKaHCK0 H PyceHCKO, H To B ce-
JiaTa: lllHKOBHUa, AJIMaJIHH, rapBaH, nonHHa, Cpe6peHa H Berpea
(CHJIHCTpeHcKo) H B ceJiaTa: KaJl'bKhoii, BonrapCKH 1<ocyii, Cna11110B,
.lleHH3Jiep, Ba6oao H CTapo ceno (PyceHCKo-TyTpaKaHCKO). B THH ce-
J'la >KHBeHT T. Hap. 2pe6eHU,U C H3KJIIOlleHHe Ha CTapo ceJio, Jle'l"0 >KH-
. Be.HT ZA{IfJaHu,u. KyKep11 cpemHax H B'bB BCHllKH cena B CHJIHCTpeH-
CKO, BapHeHCKO. no6py.l{>KaHCKO, DpoBa)lHHCKO, KOHTO ca npece.neHH
H3 BypraCKO H O.ll.pHHCKO. .
Como KyKepH HMa II B IO>KHa BMrapHH. HMaJio e KyKepH 1-fB Po-
J{OnHTe Me)KJlY noMaUHTe.
B TyTpaKaHcKo, · B c. Ko3ryH, )leTo >KHTeJIHTe ca npeceneHH OT
Jlo3eHrpa.ll,CKO, cpeIUHax KyKepH, KOHTO 6.Hxa C MaCKH H 6e3 MaCKH,.
-HO TyKa rH HapHtI8T apanemo, 381UOTO 6e3 MaCKHTe KyKepH HMaxa JIH
-uaTa CH no11epHeHH enc ca.>K,ll.H - C1:-IUH apanH. MaHKaTa TYK ce Ha
pHqa u,t'i.2aHKa. Ho T.SIX me on1u11eM no-,ll.OJIY, npH OilHCBaHeTo KyKepHTe-
B · Ma.l'IKOT'bpHOBCKO (O.npHHCKa o6JiaCT).
B ceJiaTa ITo.naec, KapHo6aTCKo, Kapa6yHap, BypracKo, Bpeco-
B0, AHTOCKO H JlpyrHTe cena B TOH H3TotieH HJIH 10roH3To11eH KpaH as
cpeIUHaX TOH C'bIU o6H'laH. ETo KaK ce npaBHT KyKepH TyK.
. KyKep11Te H TYK ca M0MUH, 06ne11eHH B 'lYKMaH (cyKMaH), Ka-
K'hBTO HOC.HT >KeH1ne B TO.SI KpaH, npenacaHH ca C KOJiaHH, HO He OT
JIHilOBH KOpH, a o6HKHOB€HH K0JiaHH, Ha K0HTO ca H3HH3aHH OK0JIO
Kp'bCTa roJieMH ·3~'bHUH H XJIOilUH. MaCKHTe HM C'blll.O TaKa npe}lCTaBJIH-
BaT pa3HH ,ll.OMalIIHH H )lHBH >KHBOTHH C porH. (B11<. pHC . .N2176, 178,
179' HO caMO MaCKHTC' 6e3 JlpyrHTe op'h,ll.HH.) E.ll.HaTa poKa e o6BHTa
c 6HJia npecTHJIKa H npe){cTaBJIHBa, 11e e 6HJia, a JlpyraTa c 11epeeHa
H npe,ll.cTaBJIHBa, qe e qepaeHa. B e)l.Ha poKa (JI.HBaTa) Jlop>KH Jlopae-
Ha ca6H HJIH JlopaeH Tonop, a B ,ll.pyraTa - namepuu,a, T. e. no-,ll.'bJlro
Jlopeo, Ha KpaH Ha KoeTo HMa noMum (napuaJI). C Toaa ,n.'bJlro ,n.opBO
KyKepHTe Maxat H aK0 HaMepHT HHK'b.D,e KaJI, HaMaUBaT ro, Ta noc.ne
Mauat c Hero K'hlUHTe. Coe ca6HTe ce 6paHHT H 6H.SIT. KmoHKOBH TYK
HHMa. .
KyKepHTe B TYH o6JieKJIO xo,n.HT no cenoTo ,n.o 06.H,n. H Koro AeKa
cpemHaT, CUHpaT ro 33 6aKWHIIJ.
l1 TYK M0MHTe He CMe.SIT Aa H3JIH33T TO.SI ,ll.eH H3 K'bUI.H.
OKOJIO 06.H,n. 0THBaT B .noMa Ha 6a6~aTa, HapeqeHa · KgKepc,ca
PEJIHI'H03HH QEJ,f'{AH 513
6a6,co,. Toe MoMqe. 06.;qetJeHo B 3a6pa.neHo c p71'ieHuK (oHJia ro-
11yKMaH,
JJHMa K'bpna, C KOHTO ce 3a6pa:m.naT TYK .>KeHuTe) H C npeCTHJJI<a. TyK
e H apanUH.7'm, '.C'blUO MOM'lle, caMo 'le TOH HM~ JIHUeTo CJ,{ HaMa3aHO
~:l>c Ca)K.D.~1, _aa rJlaBaTa CH HMa c.HpeHHB TYJJYM, T. e. TYJIYM, B KOHTO
B TOR .Kpaii ry:mAaT CHpeHe, H MYCTaKH fOJieMH, HanpaBeHH -OT B'bJlHa.
ToH apanHl:l . xo.nn c . KyKepcKaTa 6a6Ka.
Te XO,lUIT no ceJJo B'bB BCHKa .K 'bllla H HrpaHT xopo.
KaTo Mp'bKHe, -KyKepHTe ce c'b6HpaT ttacpe.n ~eJTo - .neTo Hrpae
){OpOTO, H TYK H3Il'bKBa HOBO JJHUe, HapetieHo 4ap. UapHT e naK MOM-
•lle. HO JHIU.eTo MY e HaMa3aHO C 6palliHO, Ta npe.ncTaBJJ.HBa no6eJisrJI
CTapeu.; MYCT3KH HM a roJieMH OT 6HJia B'bJIHa, a Ha r JiaBaTa' en HMa
6HJ1 IlOHC; 3aMeTHaT e .C fOJHIM qyJI, KOHTO TIOKpHBa UHJIOTO MY TSlJJO.
Apannu1>T H311e~Ba,. a u.apsIT e c 6a6KaTa. KaTo .noif.naT Hacpe.n ceJJo,
u.apHT CH)la, .no Hero CH)la H 6a6KaTa, a OKOJIO MY CTOHT KyKepHTe
npaBJf. )loHaCSIT MY paJJo~ uapsIT cTasa. npeMepBa e.nHa nexa, 311Ma
panoTo,. Bnp~rsa B Hero KyKepHTe H. Haopasa Ta» JJexa; KaTo ope,.
TOH cee flllMHK HJIH oBec H ceTHe c -panoTo 3aBJIH'la opaHTa. KaTo 3a-
BJrH.lla, TOH 6JiarocJiaBH: ,,Haii-MaJIKOTO :>KHTO .na 6'bJJ.e KaTo MeHe. Or
e.n.Ho )la c1 aHe XHJiflJJ.0!° KyKepHTe cera nporoBapslT H Ka3BaT: ,,AMHtt!""
KaTo 38BJie'lle opaHTa, BCHIIKHTe KyKepH OTHBaT B ,llOMa Ha 6a6-
KaTa H KyKepCTBOT0 ce pa3BaJIH.
TiocJte npo)laB1lT C'b6paHOTO, 1<ynyaaT BHHO n . paKH.ff H npa-
BSl,T nHp.
KyKepcTBOTO H T)'K npaBHT sa 6epeKeT. ,Qn11caH0To TYK H3JIO-
:meHHe e, KaKTo cTaBa KyKepcTBOTo B'bB Bpecoeo, AHToc1<0. Colli.OTO e
H B · Tio)J.eec, KapHo6aTCKo.
B c.
Kapa6yHap, BypracKo, MailKaTa ce·Ka3Ba 6!JAKa, KOSITO HMa
H )leTe; TOBa .neTe HOCH e,llHH OT KyKepHTe, KOHTO ce Ka3Ba 6ll8att.
Jlere-ro e HanpaBeHo OT napuaJIH. KyKepHTe ca C11lll.O MaCKHpaHH H HMaT
ca6a H Tony3H. E,nHH oT KyKepHTe HOCH JJ'hK H ·crpeJia •. Ha ·KpaH Ha
CTpeJurra HaMeCTO OCTpHJTO UMa K01KeHa cpyHHHK3, H3Il'bJIHeHa C nene.u,
Ta KyKep'bT XB'bpra CTpeJiaTa, HO HaMeCTO CTJ)eJia TOH XB'bpra neneJI
B oqHTe Ha xopaTa HJIR no .z.tpexHTe (pHC . .N2182).. 06pa3ell OT TO-S;I
Jl'bK H CTpeJla HM3 B ETHorpaq, HlleCKHH My3eii.
B X -acaKHRTa - e.nHa qacT OT cenan B BypracKo HMa To>Ke KY-
Kepu. (TipeceJJeHH o.T c. TIHpoK H c. KypHH,.· Jloaettrpa,ncKo.}
KyKep'bT e o6JielJeH B.'bB B'bJIHeCTa KOOKa OT KCX}a C "K03HHaTa Ha-
B'hH (pHC. Nd78 OTJl.HCHo); Ha rJiaBaTa CH HMa Mac:K.a OT KO>Ka Ha K038-y
HO O)lpaHa OT rJiaBaTa, C porH If nepa, HO~''h'f MY e OT 11ymKa, B p'b-
KaTa CH Jl'bPJKH Tonop, HM8 rOJl.HMa .nnpBeHa ca6H, a HHKOH Il'bK H ,D.'bp-
BeHa nywKa, a Ha no11ca 5-15 3B1>HIJJ£:.x.11omo-1; xo.iun Ha rpy_nli no
6-7 JIYWH B e)lHQ, Tyxa HMa 6a6a, KO.SITO HOCH xj pKa 1-1 npe,ne~ TR .e
o6neqe.1fa s lKeHCKM .npexM,. MecTHa HOCH.SI. JlHlleTO ii e o6arpeHo,, KaK-
'rO CH npaBHT JIHU8T3 6yJIKHTe-KB}l.1,Hlf, KaHTO CH npaBHJIH JUftta"ra H
6JJIKHTe•61>JirapKH HHKora. BCH'IKHTe ca- MOMUH. ,
TyK HMa 1r-apiinu, T. e. M_O ~llU, qHHTO ,Jll{U~ ca ua...auaHa C'h~

33
514 ,aHMHToP MAP-HHOB

Ca>K,llM, a Ha rJiasara· CH HMaT BHCOK,a ryrna, HanpaBeHa OT UHJia KO•

JKa c MHoro pomaoa B'hJJHa.
no KyKepHTe B1>pBH Me'UCap C'hC CBOHT3 MeqKa. MeqKaTa e roJI.HMO
Ky'le, IlOKpHTO C fOJJHMa ¥eqemKa. KO.>Ka, a MeqKapHT npe)lCT38JI.RBa
.HHKOrallleH Me,neeHCKH UJU{ )KepaBHe}!CKH UHraHHH-MeqKap; T,OH 80-
JlH Me\JKaTa H npaBH pa3HH CMellJHH iirpH H )lBHJKeHH.R.
KyKepHre Jl.O o6HJl, KaKTO HaBC.HK1>,ne, XO.it.HT or,neJIHO H CnHpar·
eceKHro 33 6aKWhUI. B roea apeMe H.HKoii ce uanpae.H KaTo xapa'lap,
itoAro aa,nu HHKoramHH.H uapcKn xapa11; roii cnupa aceJCHro, B3eMa OT
aero D~pH H cpew.y TOBa MY )laBa HHK8R:Ba pa3UHCKa. B T3H pa3IlHCKa
HM3 HJIH H306pa3eHH HHKOH nopHorpaq>HH JIHKOBe H npe;tMeTH, HJIH
11anucaHH HHKOH . nopHorpa~HH H3peqeHH.H. ·
roea Tpae )lO 06.H)l. Ha OOH)t. ce CWHpaT Ha Kyn n·pH 6a6ara H
Tp'hrBaT no ceno.
. . Tipuee11ep 6a6a,:a bTuaa Hacpe,it ceno, JleTO ca HaC.H,itaJIH cra-
.pHre :x;opa H TyKa, KaKTO H B'bB Bpecoeo, ce .HBHBa t{ap, KOHTO OT-
Mepea eirna nexa H c pano, -rerneHo or KyKepHre, H3opaaa H, nocR-
Ba SI C HIIMHK HJIH )KHTO H 33BJrnqa.
C roea ce CB'hpmsa KyKepcreoro.'3
B Axcpt1ene6mkKo THH KyKepH ce Kaaear...apaKycu . .lI.paKycnre
HMaT 6a6a H aROo. \ :
}lpaKyCHTe ce o6naqar B ~eHCKH APHDH, f};pHT CH M3CKH C H3-
KYCTBeH.l-t 6pa)lu· H onallIKH, H3)lHBaT BHCOKH K3JJil3I..(H, ymwre OT ey-
JIHH, a rnp6oeere -~-" -n'bJIHHT c1,c cnaMa, ;3a Jla HarJie.naar r1>p6aeu -
IlOJ(06HO K8KTO H KyKepH'ie B TyrpaKaHCKO.
JlpaKyCHTe XO)lHT H3 ceJIOTO .
.llHJlOTO HOCH fOJIHMa TOHra - monys.
. ToH .·06ut1aii e TpaHJt .no 1868 r., Koraro nopa,nH CKp1>6Ha'Nl
CJiy1rna c nonoeere 6HJI aa6paHeH. OT enacrure. nonoaere, Karo BH-
,neJrn HenpuJIHllHHTe ABHJKeHH.H Ha .npaKyCrTe, 'HaMeCHJIH ce, .HO Hace-
JieHHeTO 3eJio crpaHaTa H3,JlpaKyCHTe H TH.ff IlOCJte~HHTe Ha OCHO~8HHe
ua T.HXHaTa uenpHKOCHOBeHOCT TOH )leH XBaHaJI.H nonoeere R. ru OTKa-
panH B I..('bpKBa, )leTO. rH 3aTBOpHJJH )lO aeqepra. .
Ha cyTpHHTa cee~eHHUHTe ce ·onJiaKam1; nocne.neano paacneA-
BaHe, HO HHKOH He 6un HaKa3aH nopa,AH HeHaKaayeMOCTTa Ha BCHqKHTe
,neiiCTBHH Ha ,npaKyCHTe. CZ:aMO qe o6uqaHT - )la XO,l\SIT .npaKyCH, He.Ce
aeqe noerop1w. (Cefe. C6HY, XIII., ~2; c. IlerKoao.)
. .
"CpaeeH n C6HY, IV, 273. Do111eHHRT ~h6Hpa11 ea MatepeanHTe e ea•
np~BHJI rOJJSJMa rpewKa. T?A rtpe.11cTaBJ1HBa, 11e HMa KyKepH H K}'.KepKH, T. e.
MOMllH H MOMH. Toea e rOJIRMO 1a6ny>K.11eeee. MOMH H >KeHH HHKOra He Hl'pastT
KyKepH HilJH pycaJJKH. Tt;oa _ca C8MO lt!OMUH, 06ne11eee HRKOH B >KeHCKH jpexH -
'IJKM8HH, lie TOB8 e T8Ka, c1,(5epa11'bT ll(e ce y6e.11e, K8TO MY ·noco11HM peAOBeTe,
11.~0 Kasea, qe Te3H XyKepR ~paBRT pa3JIHqHH «6eacpaMHI{ ABH>KeHHR>. Mo>Ke nB
e11.Ha MOMa, _KOJJK9TQ H_Aa e CBOOOAHa, ~a npaBH H eaA-MaJIKHTe 6eacpaMHH ABK•
JKeHHH ny6JJHIIHO npeA POAHTeJIH u POAHHHH • ., ·. .
Tu 6ene>KKa eanncax, ·11.a Re 6H o6eapoJJ,BatiHstT e C6HY. IV 273, Ma-
·, epaan ·11 ·B'hBtAe BSIK0FO B sa<Swy>K,lteHHe. ToA e' eeoepeu- .llOCJll(: · '
p ERHI'H03HH 05H 'IA H 515'
B Pyn11ocKo To>Ke HMa KyKepH. Te CH npenpae.RT JJHU~Ta: e.AHH
.fla uHranH c no11epueuH n1-1ua H .npHnaBH .npexH; .npyrH ua r~aeaTa CH
•YPHT MaCKH, noKpHTH c KOKOWH nepa. BMecTo nywKH Te 3HMaT Kpoc-
'HO OT craua; HffKOH HMaT ,D.'bpBeHH ea6H.
- TyK HMa 6yAtca · H cmapeij. .
H TYK BHpBaT, 11e aKo ue xoJJ.e.JIH KyKepH, 6epeKe,- HHManoi
~a HMa •. ,· -
c.
·a KnHcypa (JJ.o KonpH'.BW,Hua) xoJJ.HT KyKepH ·C Jl.'bpJSeHH ca6H,
110 3HaqeHHeTO'HM ue e, KaKBOTO B JJ.PYl'HTe cena, T. e. aa nno.nopo.nHe,
a ~aMo .na nnawa-r .D.euaTa .na H~ HCKaT Meco. 3aTosa rH uapa11aT n11a-
~~a. - -
B IlaHarJOpHw.e TOH .neH HaMecTo KyK-epu cpew.uax p02a11,, T • .e.
~oBeK, DOKpHT C qepra H C ·pora OT eneH. ToA BOJJ.H C'l>C c~e CH Kotuy-
ma. H HeroeOTo aua11eul!e e .na nnalllH JJ.euaTa.
·Ilopa.nH TOBa H )1.eHSIT noHe.D.enHHK ce K83B3 Pozatt-fl,OHeiJeAHUK.
-B O·. Ap'a noeo, KapJIOBCKO, C'blll.~CTByBa C'blll.HHT 06ij.11au,· HO TYK
-ce KaaeaT cmapqu. CTapuHTe -ca o6ne1!.eHil_~ cyKMaH .D.O nonoe1-1ua. ·a
-OTrope ·e USIJia KO3SI KO>Ka C KO3HHaTa OTrop"'e} Ha riOSICa J{MaT XJIODKH
(3B'hHUH), a Ha rnaBaTa CH Ka'lgAu (MaCKH). -·HoCHT ,l1.1>pBeHH ·ca6H H
~'bpB.eK M,(130paK. .. . . . .
· : IlpH o6HKOJIKaTa CH, KORTO HanpaBHX npea cenTele{BpH 1911 r.,
.-a cpew.uax, 11e e HMano KyKepH ome e q1-,pnaucKo, Ctapot3arovcKo·;H-o-
~osaropcKo, XacKoecKo, XapMaHJIHHCKo H Kaaaun1>wKo, uo. cera ce
~pew.a TOH 06H11aA MHoro PRJJ.Ko. ToH 06H11aA cpew.uax B.UHJIO CHJJH-
<:TpencKo, .ll.o6pH11KO H BaJI'IHWKO B'bB . BCHqKHTe cena.

3) BTopHHK, q ,' bpH BT.op,HH.•K

C/'lJpH emopHU/f.• . :Cyx BmopHUK, _YcoBCK~ .8mOpfl,f:L~.

T~H BTopHHK liocH THH TPH HasaaHHH, saiu.oTo e uapoAHHTe BHP•
Ba~HH Hrpae TPH Ba}KHH .POJIH._
fl1>peo, ToA e uaqanOTo aa BTopHHU1-rre, . Ko~To ca 110WHTe JJ.HH
npea ceA~HUaTa. B1?B BTOP,HHK HHJ.U.O ce ue 11a1u1uH; B'hB BTOPHHK Ha n1:tT
ce ee Tp'hr~a; B'hB BTop~HK ce ue cee, He ce cKnJOqea norOJJ.6,a, He
ee .ueHHBa H .D.pyrH IlPJ:l06HH., 3aW.OTO BCHqKO .uaqeHaTo .HSI Ma .na
Bsneaecnonyqn11ao•.A n~ic.TOH BTopHHK.e HaH-,!TOWH1ITOT BCHqKHTe. AKo
ce .p·o.nu B TOH BTOpHHK qoeeK.,,_ ·w.e 61,)le uaA-:-Hew.acTHHSIT. npe3 ro-
J(HHaTa; eTo aam.o, aKo HHKOH e uew.acTeu H ro cnoJlHTaT .TerJutna~
.l(a3_BaT: ,,Po)lHJI ce.,y .q1>pH BTopHHK.'~ .·
BTopo, TOA e BTOp.HHK'bT' KOATo cnope.n BHpBaHHH'l'-8, · H·a po~HH
' HaqanHHK'bT H·a -cywaTa-r npa~e-y.saT ro .D.a HSIMa cywa ; .·
HHKora, na H cera B HffKOH ce.,ra: C~al<LOBUH, BenorpMHqHWKo,
MapaWKH Tp'hf:f~H-HK;·.l,lneseHC~Q,~'-naJ.D-a,Jt&QA,: .K'b3onaraqKo, MeCHT·
XIIH6, -~BART· H ·HSJ1~3~4f;\ -Tli ·ro ·-pa~qy-Q}!a'f'.(~aB'bH; ~Ha· JJ.l)'hBHHKa, KaTo
51~ ll H M H T 1, P M A P H. H o. 8

•XaHHT .ao>KJJ.0BHHT~ o6J1auu .n.a .n.oi\)J.ar ~a rocte ia cu xanttar, :ra npe3

.JlJf{Q.l;'O .aa H~BaT• C· ~'b>K.ZJ.. '
:X~sq'hT, Koi!ro ce BH)l<.IJ.~ B puc. N2l~0, e rnapeH H 06pe,AeH.
Toil t! KB'a.CHHK, Ba cpe,nara Kp'bcra~Ka - CHJia 6011rnH; orrope H-:.ll.0JJy
)lBa Kp'bra - BOOefO; .ZJ.'b:>1<.lJ.'bT, OTJlSIBO:·H 0T.ZJ.HCHO . )l'bfaTa - 06J13UH,
n.11o~opo.n.ue. (MecuJia 6a6a To.n.opa, ~- CTa~hOBJ:1-H,)
Tosr xnsr6 ce HaMa3Ba c Me.n., pa3llynea ce, a e.nuH·3aJlb,K . r,e
XB'b~ra Ha noKpHBa- ~a Kblll,aTa HJIH H8 KQWapaTa, HJIH Ha KOU,a; TOR
3~'b~ e aa o6nau1ne; e.n.aH 3aJI~K ce 3aHacsr Ha_HneaTa, KOHTO e .aocsr-
T~ C ~eH,H"~' a rpeTJ•\ 3a~'bK ce OTHaCH,, T~ ce XB'bpra B peKara, OT-
J).eTO )l'l>fara nue BO.ZJ.a, Ta .n.a CH xanHe OT TOSI xm16. OcraH3JIOTO. OT
T-Os,I X:JJ,H6 ce SlJ~e a ryMHOT0 (xapMaHa) npH CTO>Kepa, H .TO CTOeWKOM.
~ c. MaparnKH TpocreHHK Ha TOSI .n.eH B3eMaT cToJla, TPHHQ~lfH..
Ka, HaMa3BaT e)lHH OT TpnTe• MY Kp~Ka c. JlOi\, a nocJJe ro YBHB8'l' C
.n~P,1'.a~H. H qepeeH KOHeu_ ; Karo . ya1;1aar; Te HapH11a.r : .,,Ua C'b.XHe Ha
CTQJla. Kp,a,K'bT, a ua BOJJa ·Het He, B.Jlij~a,: HHR8K B CTaH .na T'bK3T 3a
S)lp_aB~ Ha CT0KaTa. ,
· On:aMo a c. MapaIUKH TpocreHuK, TIJJeBeHcKo, Ton .n.eH ce aapu11a
YcQ!IClf,,U . emop11,u,c; npa3HY:Ba ce B "l~~T Ha JIOlll 'JJ.YX, Hapeqe1;1 :ycoo,
KOHTO cymHJI KpaKara Ha ,ao6HT'bKa. .
.'{o.H o6H"laii o6aqe He CP,ew.uax ua ,apyro MHCTo, a caMo B Mapa-
nHre, KOHT0 Ha~eJISIBaT HffK0JIKO ceJia.
' , ·.
n). Jl. y it a c p .H Jl a
ToH ,aeH upasH}IBaT oT JIYAOCJ\ ;
lloBeK nt>JJy;un~a cnope.n. HapoJ:J.HoTo BHpBaHe ToraBa, xoraTo
JlHB0Jl'bT BJJe3He l;l Hero.; TOH ?tiY ·IlOMpallaBa yMa u ro M'b"IH. 3a TaK'bB
ce Ka3Ba, qe aHreJI1>T MY e CJJa6. B 'leer Ha TOH J:lHBOJI, Koiiro no-
.llY.IlHBa qoseKa, ce npa3Hyaa Tasr cpH,na. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlnTaKoBo.
6a6a BHJta u- 6a6a To,nopa, c. CTaKbOBUH, 6a6a ·MHt1a YIJIHiiqe~a, ~-
Koaap- BeJJeHe.) ·
B c. MapamKH TpocreHHK, TIJ1eBeHclto, TOH )leH HapHqaT PQ3nOAO-
BetUJ cpR.iJa, T. e. CpSl,n.a, B 'K0S,TO MO)Ke tl0BeK .n.a 61,)le pa3D0JI0BeH,
A3· ce paanoJIOBH, ,u.a ce ~61,pxa c }'Ma CH. (Ba6a ,Up.araHa TotieBa, 6a..
6a UaHa Il'h."IOB.HUa.)
B. Me)lBeH TWI ,aeH, uapaqaT np~OBRAama cplloQ:,_ samorb Kosi.1 0
2Keila, HJI.Hr M'b)K e mpll:M.UpUA, T. e-. Be flJJ'. HHW.O npe3 tpH JI.HR, B. ep:H.Jl:8.
Be11epra. O',l'rOB.HBa H ,Sl,ll.e; HHKOH K8HSIT· ome H roCTH )I.a smaT 3af]I.H0,
-r. e. .rom.aeaT· rH..
He pa6oTHT oT Jiy.n.ocr. (Ba6a BoiiKa5.acuaTapK.a, 6a6a .a-;r.a
M.w.l~WJ:a.); . . .
' •¥) tt e T,
qer Q'b.p,T1>K
1, p ±. ~ K, S,p1;,:i:or.n'. a a

B.1,pm,Q-110MP, {.M~P&nl~H -Tpo~'.l'6lU1Ki H · To,ub.OBUH}.

t.ler&1,pf1tK J1.P~ ~e~J~U1•«a11~. ~Q.\O t4-0?(Se J.lij ce cqu,;a a.a HfA0-
P E· JI H I' H -0 3 H •H O · 5 If'· 'C/ A 11 5i7
6op )leH. AKo HHKOH noqHe aemo, HHMa JI.a ro Jloili>pllifl, u.te cT~H1e cni>li·
Ka; aKO u.eHH CJiyra - HHMa .n.a .n.oc~.n.H; aKo ce CKJJIOIIH HHKaK'bB ,noro1
Bop 'RJIH na3apJI'bK - HHMa .na 60.n.e H3TT'bJIHeH, me ce pa3BaJIK ,l{OfOBO·
poT HJIH na3apJI'bK'bT. Or-raM e U np1n{a3KaTa: ,,lleTB1>pT'bK•HecB"bpt1>K".
rol3e;ll0 . HJIH .n.pyr Jl.OOHT'bK, KyneH B lleTB'bpToK, w.e H36Hra.
l1fao6w.o 'ieTB'bpT'bK e JlOlll, KaKTO ~I BTO'PHHK'bT ; ToJI 11e1i3'opT'bK
o(faqe e no·Jiorn. AKo ce pa6oTu Ha Hero;11oaeK cTaea :e?Jpmoz.JuliJ uJIJt
w,ypo2Aas, 3allleMeTeH. Or TaH 6oJieCT CTpa,naT roae.n,aTa H OBUJITe-
3,aTOBa ro H npa3HYBBT. Tosi .n.eH He BapHT Bo,na HJJH ,npyra ro36a naK
:sa 3.n,pase. HHKora ca Mecunu XJIH6, KOAa'l, KMHJIH u .nocJie pa3tfyn•
.BaJIH, KaTo AaBaT no e.l{HH 33JI'bK Ha BCHllKH OT ,l{OMalllHHTe, a Ha CTO..
.KaTa, H . ,ll.06HT'bKa -ry?K,naJIH B. K'bpMHJJKaTa - TPHU.HTe. .
Hat1epTaHueTo Ha TOH KoJiaK e npe.l{cTaBeHo B puc. N2 181.
Orrope ce TYPH Kp'bCTalll .- CHJia 6o:>KHH, u Bopxy Kp'bCTarna Kpor_
Ha310leH c orpH6Ka - C'BeTJIHHa, .na HffMa noMpaqeuue Ha yMa.
,(MecuJtu ro 6a6a Bu,na H 6a6a To.n.opa, c. CTaKhOBU.H.) .
Or TOH XJIH6 c~ CK'bTBa H 3a nek, Ta npe3 fO.l{lfHaTa, aKo HR·
xoMy nan.He weMem, T.e. notiHe ,na MY ce Bue CBHT, .u.a MY ce B'bpTH
r JiaBaTa, HaKBaCBaT TpOXHtlKH OT Hero B'bB BO.l{a ' H r.fY ,ZlaBaT .na nHe,
l-f arioKpHq>HaTa KHH}KHHH8 qepKOBHa, K3TO e npe.l{aJia TOB_a BHP~
BaHe .Ha uapo.u.HaTa BHpa 3a TOH qerBopT'hK, BpeAuJJa ro e B pe.n.a a.a
oHHSl 12 qeTB'hpT'hU.H, KOHTO ce cquTaT KaTo roneMH npa3HHUH H 3a·
dpaas:1·Ba BCHKaKaa pa6c>Ta npe3 THX. , ·

JI) C 'h 6 o T a, To .u.'o po ea c 'h 6 o Ta,

TOJJ.OPHI.lB
TaH cwo-ra ce HapH11a: Tooopooa c1,6oma, To•
iJoput¢, K oHCKu BeAuKiJeN (c. To)lhOBUff, EneHCKb, c. Ton.new, Fa-..
6pOBCKO).
TOH )l.eH e nocaereH Ha KOHeTe ltJIH nb-,Ao6pe lfa KOltCKa1'3: 60•
J1 ecr 2ymypa't. .
npa3Hyaa ce ome u i:ta c~ Bni:tstT Koaere.
ToH .l{eH npa3HYB8T oco6eHo CTporo 6ynKHTe, KOHTO ca ce O)Ke•
RHJIH npe3 3HM3Ta, 3a Aa pa}K.l{aT. ToH .neH BCHKa- Knll.la MeCH ()6pe.n,ell
Xnff6, KonaK, 3a KOHCKO 3.U.pase, a MeCHT ome H Konau.H 3a CJyJIKHTe.
BapstT ome uapeBHUa, a KOHTO ry}K.l{aT new.a, 6o6, CeMe OT rp'bCTH
.H .npyru ceMeHa. TaH cMec TypraT B 3o6Ta Ha Koae-re HJIH TPHUHTe.
XnH60BeTe ca o6pe.U.HH. HaqepTaHHHTa Ha XJJS16oeeTe, KOHTO MO·
JKax .na cpew.Ha, ca ·npe.n,cTaeeHH s cne.n.HuTe PH~YHKH.
XnJ160T a pHc. N2 182 ce Ka3ea ,co11aK. ToA e Mecea e c. Ko3ap
6eJieHe, CBHlll.OBCKo; MeCHJia ro 6a6a AfHqa HJIHiiqeaa. ToH XJIH6 ce
-Ka.Z:Uf., pa3qynsa ce H ce ry)KJ{a e 3o6Ta Ha KOHe'l'.e.
Xn.R6'bT B pHC . .N2 183 c~ K33Ba trepK08HUK • .Tait e MeCel(, B c . JlK·
,aK~~o; MeCHJIH, ro 6a6a B1>nKana Ileiios'1na H . 6a6a ToAopa JI.
XpHCTOBa, 22 anp. 1899 . r.
-.518 JiHMHf'bP MAPHHCJB

l.J epKOBHHK'bT ce HOCH ~ qepKBa~ a n~CJie ce pa3)laBa 3a 3JlpaBHHa

Ha KOHete. .
B C'bW.OTO ceJio MH MecHxa. ow.e C,D.HH XJIR6, Hapet1eH K011umo -
KBaCH1iK'C'leTHPH wapKJ:1 Cnpoc<f>opHHK H C orpu6Kata H3Ba~eHa ce11Ka;
Ha11eptaHHetO MY ce BHlK)la B pHC, N2 184. :Vfaea.ZJ.eHOTO C 9rpH6KaTa
Tecto ce OCTaBH npH HKOHaTa .na ce H3Cyµrn OT caMO ce6e c~ 'H _ce CK'bT-
Ba sa JieK: Ha KOHH, aKO xeaHe ryrypa11, .naeaT MY OT TYH H3CyWeHo
tec-ro.
. Xm16'bT, npeJJ.craeeH e jrnct 1'~ 185, ce Ka3ea KOHtte. MecHJia
ro 6a6a llparaHa To11eea e c. MapawKH Tp'hcreHHK, TIJ1eeeHCK6, B npH-
C'bCTBHero Ha 6a6a HHKOJIHHa, 6a6a ll,etta TI011oeuua. XJrn6'hT ~pe.l{-
CTaBJIHBa ·c'bW.HHCK<> KOH1Ie, .n.01<0JJKOTO e Mo>KaJia 6a6aTa· )la nocn,r-
He Toea. 3a onauJKa Ha ryii Kott11e MY 60.nar HHK0~1Ko CTp'hKa '
cyx
I
6oCHJieK, HO KJiellKH 6e3 UBSIT; 33 011H TypslT .nee uapeBHllHH 3'bpaa,· HO
1HS6Hpar rH qepBeHH; 3a ywu ry)K.naT naK 6ocuJieKoBH KJieqKw; Ho
no-.ne6eJIH, ·
ToSI xm16 e no-roJIHM. Toi% ce ~a.nH y .noMa; e.n,Ha qacr· ce pas-
qynea Ha K'bcoee Hce rylK,na B 3o6ra ua KOHete; .npyraTa 11acr ce
pas)laBa Ra TPH K'bW.H 33 3,ZlpaBe Ha KOHeTe. . ..
Xm16'bT, npe)lCTaBeH B pHc·. N2 186, ce Ka3Ba TOlKe KOH'U!. T9s,
XJIH6 e MeceH B c. T-ypcKH TpocTeHHK, HHKonoJICKo. MeCHJia ro·6.a-
6a Pyca HHKOJJoea B npHC'bCTBHeto H~ 6a6a H~KoJiuu.a H6a~a IleHa
MHJ111eea. Toea exnH6 no-roJJeMH1l'bK, B KOHTO ce npe)lCTaBJIHBa KOH
C 'IOBeK, B'b3Ce)lHaJI orrope MY. 011HTe ca OT 11epBeHH u.apeBHUH, onam-
KaTa OT CTp'bKOBe 6oCHJteK, C'blUO H YWHTe, HO.CTp'b~OBeTe ca npeqy-
neH1i; KpaK_ara ca OT no-.n,e6eJIH CTpoKOBe 6oCHJieK H npeqynem1.··0r-
.rope Ha KOH'leTO HMa Ce)lJIO OT TeCTO, a Bopxy ce)ljJQTO 1IOBeK, TIOA0-
6Jie Ha 11enoee11ecxa qmrypa · 01· recto: rnasa,. spar, tpyn, ABa Kpa-
Ka u .nee pou.e. Tost xm16 ce neqe Mttoro rpHlKJIHB<;>. Ka.nH ce·H ce 11y-
nH; or saJI'hU.HT~ e,llHH ce rylK,llaT B 3o6Ta, a. ApyrHTe c~ pa3JlaBaT.
XnH6'bT Konumo B pHc. N2187 e MeCHJia 6a6a BenuKa llo110BHU3•
TeteBeHe. ToSI XJIH6 e uawapea c npoc<f>opHHK caMo; Ha cpeJI.ata c or-
pH6KaTa e H3Ba.ZJ.eHo Tec,:o. Tyii TecTo ce H3CY.WaBa Ha BHT'bpa H ce
•CK'bTBa sa UHp; .naaar Ha Kouere B so6Ta, KoraTo sa6ones1T oT ryTy-
pa11 • . KonHTOTO ce Ka)lH H qynH Ha 3aJI'hU.H; OT THX e)lHH ce ry)l(;llaT S.
so6Ta H TpHUHTe Ha KOHete, a .npyrH ce pa3.n,aa·ar no MaxaJiaTa 3a,
. S)lpaae Ha KOHete.
Xnsi6oaere KYKAama, pHc. N2 l88, H KOHttemo, pHC. N2189, rH
MeCHJia 6a6a· BoiiKa n~u11eaa BacHaTapKata, c. Me,naea. KyK.llan e o-r
,n.ee·recreBH npo'IKH: e,naaTa yauTa Ha Kp'br, a .npyraTa onacaua .oKp-
J!O nopBaTa. KoH'leto e e,naa no-.n.e6ena recteea npo11Ka, yBHTa Ha
~p'br, 3 KpaHT, pa3~eneH MaJIKO, ce B'b3BHBa Harope. TaKHBa-KYKJJH H
KOH11eT3IJ.J.e Ce· HaMeCHT 15 H K8TO ce npeKa)tHT, pa3,naBaT ce no KOM-
WHHTe: KOHlletaTa - Ha MOMlletaTa, KYKJIHTe - Ha ·MOMHtterara sa
KOHCKO 3,ll.paBe. ,
P .:E JI H r H O 3 H H O 6 H ;q A H 519
KpasQJlm B PJlC. N2 190 e Meceu B ceJiaTa TpncTeHHK H n 'H proc~
PycencKo~ . · .
Toii ce npaBH OT ,nae ,ne6eJJH TeCTea1i np'b'IKH B'bB BJIJJ. Ha Kp1>r,
oT ·KOH'.fQ· e,nnaTa onacaa .npyraTa. TaKHBa Kpaaau ce Mec.sIT· 15 n: ce
pa3)l8B3:T ·no KOMlJH{HTe 3a· 3)lp~ :lBe Ha ~OHeTe. .
Kpa~~H ~ pHc. N2 191 e MeCHJTa . 6a6a .f\1.ap1rn a c. narnaKhoif.
ToH Kpaean ce Ka3ea ow,e cB. Toaop . Ka.n..sn ro " ro· pa311yneaT H noc-
JJe tJac,-, <;e1 ry:>1<.na .& 3o6Ta Ha KoHeTe, a .npyra tJacT pa3.naaaT 3a 3JJ.pa-
BeTO ·lla K0HeTe. ' .
O«sw.iuJT o6H'laH na TOH ,ll.eH, KOH.To cpew.Hax, e, qe Te3H ·xJ1.S160-
Be,, K8TO . ce pa3)laBaT no K'h.111.HTe, )laBaT., fH .>KeHHf .>KeHeHH, KOHTO He
·ca ce orp_O)lHJtH (T~- e. KOHTO om.e pa.>K)l8T), H fH .naBaT naK Ha >KeHH,
K0HTO He ca ce oTpO.llHJIH. KoraTo pa3,naaaT ot THH xJrn6oae, .>1<eH~Te
ce P!1T3T 3aJU:UilUK0M e)\Ha .npyra, CKatJaT H UBHJ111T K8TO K06HJIH~
ToH. 06H11aii B c. ~eJulBa, Co<t>uAcKo, npaBHT ro e caMHH 11epKo-:-
BeH )I.Bop. TyK OCBeH XJIH6a - K0Jl8'lHTe, Bap.HT ow.e ·u.apeeuua H C
e,nua Jl'bJJr.a caew. OTHHCaT a qepKBa; c XJIH6a H u.apeBHUaTa HOCHT H pa-
IIOH (pHna), .napHsan lia KoneneTa (TopKana), nocone1-rn enc coJJ. KaTo
npeKa.zu~ non'hT XJIH6a, uap·eBHUaTa II panoHa, .>KeHuTe H3JIH3aT e ,neop;;i
H cu pa3,na~taT oT panoua; e Tyii epeMe, KoraTo CH no,aaaaT bT panona ~
JI.Be H .nee .}KeHH ce pHTaT H ·UBHJl.ffT i<aTO KOOHJJH. . .
Ty1i. _pHTaHe n uenJJeue cTaea, 3a .na ce o.>1<pe6HT Ko~HJJHTe~
O.cBeH XJJH6a Ha noBe11eT0 MeCTa BapHT uapeBHUa HJIH .>KHT0; . OT
nap.eBHUa:ra pa3HaCHT no K'bIIlHTe, HO .naeaT •H .Ha K06HJIHTe. .
· B c. )KenH~a caemTa, KaKTo e 3anaJJeHa B 11epKBaTa, ry.>1<.naT H
B'bB _4>enep H na3HT )I.a ue yracue, Ta 3ananeua- .na H .noHecaT B ~'hw.u;
Ta.H CBeI.U. , BHaCSIT B 3HMHHKa HJJH KOlliapaTa H CBeTH, ,ll.OAeTO CTOK~Ta
H3H)le K'bpMHJIKaTa - 306Ta HJIH tpHUHTe C XJJH6a H uapeBHUaTa . . Or
panoHa_TypraT Be,ll.H0 C'bC 38Jl'bll.HTe OT XJifl6a H uapeBHUaTa B 306Ta
·Ha ·KoHeTe H K06HniiTe. .
B c. CeMHC11e TOH )I.en BCeKH anpHra B0JI0BeTe B Kona-ra H Toea-
PHT KOHeTe C T0Bap H BCeKH rne,na: 'IHH B0JJ0Be w.e 'i'erJIHT Ha~-Te-
,?K'bK TOBap .H qHH K0IJe w.e H0C,JIT naii-roJIH~ Toeap. To.SI ,ll0MaKHH e np-
XBaJieH -. l3 u.»JioTo ce.Yio H 3HMa oTpe,ll.eHaTa ~arpa.n.a. ToBa noKa3Ba, 11~
TOH e rJie)laJI H xpaHHJI BOJIOBeTe CH H T0BapJIHTe-en K0He - AqCToeH
)lOMaKHH. ETo 3aW.O HMa npHK83Ka, KoraTo CTaHe )I.yMa 3a HHKOf0_{Ka-
Ca_TeJIHo· BOJIOBeTe H TOBapHHTe MY KOHe) : ,,me .llOH,ne 'To,nopoB,n.eH,
BHJl.Sl•IIJ.eM 'IHH B0JIOBe HJIH 11HH K0He ca tJJe,ll.aHJ1 Haii-P.o6pe."(Ba6a Pa-
. Aa, c . ·T'bpHoBo ripH CeiiMeH.) · . • . ·
B c. To,nhoBUH, EneJicKo, TOH AeH nyKaT 6aKJJa 3~ 3)lpaBe Ha Ko-
HeTe, .Aa He JI0BHT ryrypaq. . ·
B c. Tonnern·, ra6poecKo, H3JJH3aT ,na opaT sa· 6epe_KeT.
·a Axl>plleJie6idicKO (c. IleTKOBO) HOC.SIT K0.71HB0 B qepKBa, a )].OM~
sap.HT qoj>6a OT ~HTO. TyK C'blJJ.eCTByBa o6Hqaii, Hape11eu ~eKaHe' KOH•
TO CTaBa no TO.SI HallHH:
Ow.e II° He1''1>K AOMaKliHKaTa HaT0ilH B Ton.na B0)l.a rpax B ' 'e,nHa
520 · 111fMHT1'P MAPHJfOB

n~mmia~ TaH naHKUa ry>KJJ.a npeJJ. HKouara. Ha ToJ.\opoe.n.eu n.Qeite q~p-

xea AOMaKKHKara enc 3anaJieHa ceem me OTHA<, .!la B3eMe naHHU.aTa u ~e
.Aa.ne·no HHK011Ko 31,pua eceKuMy )la ru H3HJJ.e. IlocJie :Toaa LUe crpa'61;1
OT rpaxa eAHa mena, me xeopJiu OT Hero Harope K'bM Taea~a Hme ka3-
ea: ,.XaiiAe, .Z1eu.2, 6e~e-e, roea e 3a ·TaTKo BH." fpax'hT ,mu~a u ce
pa3nH.ITSIBa, a JJ.eUaTa 'ce· 6opHqJ{aT )la p,6upaT 3'bpl:{aTa. TIOCJle TH ~}f•
M~ atopa men a H Ka3ea: ;.Toea e 3a MaiiKa au, 6-e:e!'.', Ji naK XB~P~ii
rpaxa K'bM TaBaHa. TaKa npaBH 3a BCeKHfO B K'bUJ.H, '3~ KpaBa_Ta, j 'a
K06lWHTe, 3a OBUKTe, 3a K03HTe ll np. CJie,Q CB'bplllB8He'l'O . H,a ·6eKaHe-
TO (6eaKaHe), BCeKH me Hhe OT eapeHaTa nmeHuua. Or pa3XB'bpJIHHHH
'r pax MOM.qeraTa npaBHT 6poeHHUH H ru HOCHT Ha KanuTe KaTO IlHCKJOii,
a MOMHqeraTa - rpHBHH H or'opJIH.UH, KOHTO HOCffT npe3 ueJiuH TOH
JJ.eH. (Cpe. C6HY, XIII, 23.) . . ··
B Coq>uftcKo (c. )l<~JJHBa) BapHT uapeBHU.a, HOCHT H B t1epKBa .na
SI onee noffhT, a nocJTe xeopraT oT HeH no 3eMHTa H .!le.uaTa .R c1>6u-
P.aT. Ty·ii ce n_pas11 .3a 3Apaee Hci KOHeTe. . · .
.B c. KJrncypa TOH AeH >KeHuTe CH MHHT rJiasure; AO.!leTO ce nne-
TaT, ·,ry)KJJ.aT Ha rJiaBaTa cu·KOHCKo neraJio, 3a .!la 6oJ.\aT sanaseHu ot
rp'bM. ·
· ·· B TiupoTCKO TOH ,QeH He HAaT 3eJieij JIYK (npas), samOTo KOHeT~
JIOBHJJH ryTypaq, • a xopara no6ecmrnanu. (Cps. C6HY, · IV, 90.)
· · Tos ].\eH npaBHT Ha.ll6HrBaHe, HapeqeHo no .rypcKn Kytuwi 1-'.IIH
)lpyroffqe-cJoA-ue. ToH o6nqait: e ocuoeaH Ha BHpeaHero, qe ce: To.nop· ce
o6nuqa1r e .neeer Ko>Kyxa, HxsaJI KOHH cu H oTusan npu 6ora, sa .na
npocH·){a H3npaTH JIHTo. Ka-ro CTuraJI npH 6ora, TOH CJIH3a.JI or KOHH,
3a60>K,!l3Jl M3>K.!lp31\3 CH B 3eMSIT3 H Bp'b3B3Jl 33 Hero KOHH CH. lloJ(eTO
ce 6asttJI npn 6ora, noHe>Ke·rocnoA MY yea>KaBaJI Mon6aTa, Ta npalll~JI
JIHTO, H T3MO, JJ.eTO 6ttJI 3a6o,neH,Ma>K.l{paK'bT H3JIH3aJIO . Belle napa OT
I

TonnuHa. (Ba6a MapHH oT c. TTamaKhOH, 6a6a·KaiIH or c. l('h3'bKJIHCe,

6a6a Pa.lla oT c. TopHoBo npH CeftM'.eH.) · : · ·
. To.ff .l{eH BCeKH, KOHTO HMa KOH, o6e3areJtHO TpH6Ba )I.a ro H3Ka-
·pa H ,!la npaeu HaA6HrBaHe. ·
.. HffKOra TYH ce H3B'bpllIBano C fOJlffMO T'bp}KeCTBO, necHH H CBHi>·
°KH. 0r e,llHa 3a)lpyra HSIKora ca H3KapBaJIH no HHKOJIKO KOHR H B'b3-
Cff)l83JIH ru ece }KeHeHH MJiaAH M1>>Ke, a PHAKO M<>MUH. KoHeTe ca 6H.iIH
OKH11eHH C BeHUH OT 3JJ,paseu H .l<JKypSIK. llo,ll.eTO M'h.>Kete· ca C'tSlfaJIH
Ko~ere, 6yJIKH'1:e u MOMHTe ca neeJrn Tasi neceu: ·
CeeTH T OAOP KOBe
KOHSI l{a CH BH)l.HW eceHHHUH.
CpeA JIHBa)lH Ha 3eJleHO, .llo6pe JIH ca H3HHKH3,nH;
CeCTpHI~a MY KJIHHUH .nasa l{a Ha6epem pOCHO u.aere,
HHa p,,KaBH KorrpuHeHH; . II.a YBHH JJ.O JXJJa . OOHUlt, · . .
. .-Ha TH, 6aHHO, 3JI3TO-M011J1, ..llo ){Ba ~l;IUH aa MJlaAeHl(H,_
~ato-WIOIIH, cpe6po-KJIHJJ.UH, .[(a ru TYp~ a tµapeH KOBite.f
Jla IlO.llKOBellI Ao6pa KOHSI, .lla MH ' CBeTSl'J' Aapoae'\'e
,Ua o6HJUIW UH6po nOJJe, l\aro .CJl~~e nQ (lsui .,J(yuae.
l-b c6opeH~a MH, cnymaua OT CSa6a 81,,11 Kaea, c. Jleraxoao, 6a6a Maqa
HnaHqesa, c. Ko3ap Beneue. Cpa. aapeaeTHTe e CCSHY, II, 26; III, 34
,p E jf k r H O '3· H H· 0 B H ,'I A . H 52.J
TToc-ne H8.,n6op3BaHeT O KOHS\T, KOHTO e Ha;tl6op3HJl BCHtfl{'Jt', Bbp-
"BH Hait- Hanpe,n. Bctt'IKH- ce co6HpaT HacpeJJ, cenoTQ, Ha xopo.11ufuero,- n
--ry'K MOMl-ffe H MOMUHTe npaBHT rOJIHMO XOpO, a B cpe,naTa Ca 'K OHeTC
c e3,naqH'~e. MoMHTe neHT ropHaTa neceH, KOHTO e xoposo.naa . TTotne
1083 OTHBaT BCH'IKH B K'hntaTa ·H8. CTonaHHHa Ha OTJIH'IHJIJUI ce KOH H
'1"QH nO'lepnBa -~ BHHO BCH'IK~·. To11 A~H B 'HeroBHR .Z(OM -e roop .
( B Jlera11ua,. KaKpHHa H~pyrn HHKoJ-t ceJia a JlostJaHt~ K·yiu1:1.s1
11pa:e11f Ha HsaHos.nett.) ·
Ka3aXMe, qe TOH .neH· rtpa3JiyBaT H 6y;_,iKHTe·, K0l1TO ca }KeHCBR .
npe~ Taff 3HMa. BC'H Ka 6yJIKa C'bC CBeK'hpBaTa CH me 0TH.Z(e s,·qepKBa If
nocite ce- Bpow.a y .noMa, JI.eT0 H nocpew.aT c Kpasaii. TaK'hB _Kpaaaii
'TSI w.e nonyqH OT MaHKa CH, OT Kp'bCTHHK0BH, OT ,neeepa CH H OT' ,np~
·rH poJJ.HHHH; 3apa.n.H T0Ba 0CBeH .npyrnTe To,nopoBCKH XJIH6oBe 3a KO-
'H ete .B'bB- BCHKa Koma w.~ MeCSIT H KpaBaH 3a 6yJIKH, aKO HMaT HHK0,.
6ynKa'6HJIO s K'hll.lH~ 6HJIO a .npyra .HHKOH K'blll.~, CB0H A'HU.epfl JtnH Ky-
MH'ua. . .
TaKHBa KpaBaH a3 HMax CJiy11aH .na cpew.Ha caMO B 'J1)H CeJI8.
KpaBaJl, npe.ncTa-BeH B puc . .N2 I 92, •BHJUIX B c. To,nbOBllH, EneH-
-CKo; . Mecnna ro 6a6a MoMa CTeq>aHOBHUa . Toii ce npaBH OT ;le6e11a
-recre~a np'h1l'Ka, yBHTa B'hB cpopMa, ea HAue c 'kp1>crocaHH Kpa1UII.a H
3aKpnseHR Ha Kp~BIU.i.H. Ha 'leTHpH MeCTa HMa UBeTOBe, T. e. pa.n.ot.rr H
'3;ll.paB~. . .
KoAaK.a, npe.nc1·aaeH B pnc. N2 193, BH,nHx B c . -lliHnKa; .. Met-H:
JJa ro 6a6a ,lloHa Y3ytt- f·hiKOJlOBa. H 'TOf{ ce·npaBH ctr 'no-)le6e.ila i-ecte-
Ba np'bqKa, )'BHTa B HiiUeBHJJ.Ha <l>opMa C Kp'hCTOC3HH _ Kp8.Hina. Tasi
ce
Iip1>qKa e ManKo pa3nJiecKaHa H oTrope onacsa c nonyKp1>r OT TeCTo,
HA3116qeH . c orpH6Ka."
KpaBQJI,, npe.ncTaBeH. _B pHc . .N2194, MecHna ro 6a6a -Bop6a rH-
Hea.a, c. PeceH, T1;pHQBCKo. To.R Kpaijail ce npaBHt·0~ JJ.~e TecTeBH
np1>qKH, yaHTH B Kp'br, OT KOHTO ~Jl.H8Ta e B1>Tpe·, a .npyraTa B'bHKa.·
Kp.aKIU.aTa ca· eecKJioneHH, a 3aBHTH~H H1t'lfe'l'HpH ...Met?T-a---HMa useTose.

Ba6a Maprna, Mapin ·

\

a) M a p T e H H u a, n 'b p B Ji Map Ta .
JI e TH HK· (OxpHJJ.)
. . .
ToH .neH ce nocpew.a c PaJJ.OCT M B 3HaK Ha ..Ta_H
paAOCT ITO K'bWUTe ry:.>KJJ.8T qepBeHO H.1lH JJ.pyra qepBeHa ~aTepHSI,
HnK TT'l>K qepBeHa MaTepHSI HaBop3BaT Ha np'bT "H ro. H3Dp8BflT 'fiOA
crpe~aTa. tyA qepeeao nJiaT110Tpsi6s a ,u.a ce pa3MHTa, 3&JJ.a ~e ~acMee
~6a MapTa H JI.a ne11e· CJJoHUe. {ToJl.bOBUH, Ton.,1ew, Jlern.Hua, Peceu,
illll.nKa, MapaWKK .Tp1>cTeHHK.) . .
f-la A~UaTa Bp1>3B8T MapmeHUl,fU .. MapTeHHUa e ycyKaQ QSIJl H,11e.p-
BeH KOH~, xqiiTO ce Bp'b3Ba Ha .IVICHaTa· p:L~a. Ha BCHKO ,D.e-t:e, Ha )l0-

"(81,pxy KpM:TocaHMTe ' li:PBHJ1'1' ·e · noeraaeH IUU{1'.)

522 tiHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

Ma H ua 6yJixa_ ; ua MOMHTe H 6yJIKHTe.Bp'b3Bar Mapreuuua H Ha rymara-

. xaro rep)laH. . . .·
'TuSI MapTeHHUH npaBHT· 38 3.llpaee; OT ypoKH H ,!la ca 6eJrn~qep-
BeHu. ·
MapteuuuaTa H0CHT, ..n.o.n.ero AOA,ll:11T JiaCT0BHUHTe H W.'hpKeJIHTe.
BCHKO ,llet~, BCSIKa M0Ma,HJIH 6y.JIKa, . K8TO BH)lH IIJ.'bpKeJI, me 0TH)le npH
seJJeuo Jl'hp~o u raMo w.e B'bp)Ke MapreHuuaTa. Or THB MapteHHUH 3a-
na~aar 3a npe3 roAuHara, ra Bp'b3BaT Ha .D.euara, xouro ypoqacsar,
xoraro. w.e· fH BOJlSIT HHK'b.ZJ.e Ha xopo H~H fl{ H3Be)l3T npe)l llOBeK, KOH-
TO HM8 ·JIOilIH OllH. . ·
llepBeHitTe Il3PU~JIH no noKpHBHTe HJIH crpexure CT0.HT ~o MJJa-
)leHUH . . .
. Ha H'bpBH,MapT HMa ow.e H t8K'bB o6H'l3H: H3HHC8T BCH'lK.HTe,ape-
XH H 38BHBKH Ha )lB0p3, :Ta fH H3T'bpc~aT. ToBa ce npaBH, 3_3 )la H.H-
Ma Dpe3 -.JI.HTOT0 6'bJJXH.
B c. PHm, Ilpec.naacxo, 3anaJJ.HT MeTJia H 06JixaJ1.HT ·c Hes
~_ ~'bH 6'bJIXH, airpe Mapral~'
aopa H BHKar: . ,,_ ·· .
. . To.H .n.eH Ha or'bH.H .He .ry)l(AaT 11epHo xorJJe A3 H.HM3 no .>KHTara
rJiaa1OI. . .
· B Axnp11ene6uiW<o HMa 06H11aii, iUoro TOSI ,D.eH neKaT nweHHqHa
T'bHKH DHTKH, Hape11eirn neH.ypKu. TH.ff DHTKH ce HaM83B8T C Mf.ZJ., n~
TOnBaT B'bB BO)la H fH pa3H3CHT no KOMilIHHTe. J'yii npaBHT )la ce YMH-
. JIOCTllBHT 6onecquuure~ T. e. enHJJ.eMuqecxure 60JiecT-H.·. ITeuypKure
~eKaT Ha np1>CTeH·H (rJJHHeHH) nUKllU, T. -e IlOAHHUH, .11HpenHH. . .
B e,D.ija npH.K83K~ 6a6a MapTa ce pHcyaa xaro .c1>w.ecrao.. xoero
pa3)laaa w.acrue. EJlHH 6eAeH qoaex 3aKJiaJJ xyp6aH ua 6a6a Mapra Ha
Il'bpBH.H )J.eH HTSI 3a 6naro.zr.apHOCT MY ,D.aJia 6oraTCTBO. (C6HY; VI I, 155.)

. 6) M n a Jl e ·e u H, 9 Mapr
llepxoBeH npa3H_ux: Ca. llerupHilecer M'b'leH.HUH
CeaaCTHHCKH, nocrp'a.n.aJIH OT JIHKHHHH a 312 r. .
Hapo)leH npa3HHK: MJUWeHqu .. .
Ilpa3Hyaa ce B 11ecr Ha 6a6a mapxa, .cu·namiuara, 3a KOHT0 68-
JJecr roaopWCMe no-:rope npH B.HpBaHHS1ra; . . ,
. To.ff )leH &'bB BCSIKa K'bI.U.a ce npa3Hysa·- .>KeHHTe He pa60THT HH·
mo, ·a ocoouo 0HH.ff, xouro puK)laT H HMaT )lel(a. Mee.HT ce o6pe,nua
XJJ.H6ose H rOTB.HT ro36H_. Xn..H6oaere u ro36ara c-e HOC.HT a 11ep~sa
H~H· rH·, Ka.zurr y' ,ll0Ma. nocJJe pa3H8C.HT no K0MWHHTe. .
· . XJU16osere, KOHT0 ce Mec~T 3a ro.H ,n;eu, B' pa3JIH11HH xpaHI.U.a ~a
pa3JIH'IHH, T. e. HMaT · pa3JIH11H(? Haq~TaHue. · .
. X11.H61>T, npe)lcTaseu s puc . .N'!d95, ce ~a3B-a MAaoeHeq~ : TQ.H
·MJIAAeueu c'e Mecu B 3ana.nna B1>J1rapm1, r. e • a JloMCKo, ·BepKo'BCK0,
BenorpaAqHWKO, BJQHHCKo·. Tmt X-JJH6 e MaJI'bKK npe.ZJ.CT~B~HB_a KYKJia,
OTrope··e mapeu cues; THH mapKH npe)lCTaB'JIHBaT 3'bpusra ua cHnauu-
uaTa. MeCHT 40 ,T8KHBa M~QAeHUH, ~a~aT fH c Me)l- )(8 6'b,lle 6a6a
PEJIHTH0 3HH 06H'IAH 523
wapKa 6.nara - It .naBaT Ha BCHKO AeTe B K'bll.Ui; ,.llpyrHTe pa3)laBaT Ha
KOMWHACKHTe )leua ~a 3,.llpaBe. ByJJKHTe TOH )leH C TaKHBa MJJa,neHUH'
me 0TH)laT y Kp'bCTHHKa, y MaHKa CH H y .neeepa.
X.nS160T, npe.ncTal3eB e pHc . .N2 196, naK .MAaiJeHel{, ce Mecu Bos.
Bpa11aH¢i<o. Toii HMa poue. Ma>Ke ce c Me.n " ce pa3)laea. lllapKnTe ca
npaBeHH c uee. MecH.na .6a6a ;EneHa, c . l.J upeH.
X.nH6oT, npe,.llcTaBeH B p11c. N2 197, naK .MAaiJeHR.l{, e MeceH B
C ; MapamKH TpoCTeHHK, nneBeHCKO, OT 6a6a nparaHa Totteea B npH-
C'ltCTBHeTO Ha 6a6uTe U.eila DottOBHUa H l.I,oHa DeHoBa. IIIapKl·iTe, Ha
6poA wec-r: .nee rope. a tteTHpH .ztoJiy. npaaeHl-i c uea, npe.ncTaB.nHBaT
· 3opHa OT e.npaTa 6a6a ruap~a. MeCHT 40 TaKHBa MJJa)leHUH. Ma>KaT fH C
Me.n H pa3)laBaT 3a 3,.llpaee. H TYK 6yJ1KHTe C THX 0THBaT y po.ztHHHH H
Kp'bCTHHK3 .
. XJiS16'bT,npe,ll.CTaBeH B pHC . .N2 198 - KBGCHUK, e ?\ 1 eceH B C.
IllunKa OT 6a6a.lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJio ea H-6a6a l.I,oHa OeHoeuua. 4 aer.
1898 r.· IllapH ce c 'lleTHpH TeCTeBH np'btIKH B'bB BH.ll Ha KpoCTarn; a
' .,
cpe.naTa HMa wapKa, HanpaeeHa c no-wHpoKa uee - e.nHo e.npo 3opHo
Ha 6a6a wapKa. To.H XJIH6, KaTo ce oneqe, HaMa3BaT ro c Me.n, Ka.ztHT,
11ynHT H pa3.naeaT 3a 3,npaee Ha .II.euaTa, HO ome H Ha oeueTe .na He
3a60JIHB8T OT c:unaHHUaTa HJIU aKO 3a6oJie.HT' .II.a npe:rvmHaT Jie}SO-
TpH6Ba )la ce cnoMeHe TYK, qe cnope.II. CKOTOB'h)lUHTe OBUHTe
60.ne,nyBaT TO}Ke MHOto OT CHil3HHUa H a Ko fH XBaHe, M'btJHO npeMHHaBaT'
oco6eHo aM>HUaTa . DoHHKora CHilaHHUaTa 3aTpHBa IlOJI.0BHHaTa OT CTa-
.II.OT0. ETo 3amo TOH ,neH ce npa3Hyea 11 pa3,ll.aea ome u 3a 3,npase Ha.
CTOKaTa.
X.nH6'bT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHC . J\fQ 199 - 60208Ul{a, e MeCeH B
IlaHanopHIUe ( aer. 1898 r .) OT 6a6a MapHHa Jlo6peea OeHqoeHua, 6a6a
,Ua.na [HMH.ll}KHHCKa H 6a6a Pa.na HeaHnua ToJieea. lllapKHTe ca: TecTe-
ea no.nyKporna npo'llKa, a BoTpe 3opHa oT 6a6a map Ka )leBeT. Ma>Ke ce c
Me,ll H pa3HaCH. P2311ynBa ce Ha MHOfO naptteTa. H BCHKO nap'le, npH-
.npy}KeHo C HeBapeH npHCOJI, IlOCOJieH C qepBeH n:unep, ce .IJ.aBa no BCH'l-
KHTe ~axaJIH 3a 3.llpaBe Ha oeueTe, ar1>HUaTa n .lleuaTa. XnH6oT e no-
roJIHM, Ta .na HMa 3a BCH'lKH.
XJrn6oi, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc . Nti 200 - mypma, e MaJI1>K; Toft ce
MeCH B ;teBeT nap11eTa. MecHna ro 6a6a ToTa 51poMKaTa, c. KJIHcypa
(7 aBr. 1898 r.); mapKHTe ca npaaeHH c uee; Te ca wecT - rnecT e,npH
3opHa oT e,npaTa 6a6a map Ka. KaTo ce oneKaT, HaMa>KaT ce c Me,n H pa3-·
HaCHT 3a 3,Zlpaee Ha ar'hHUaTa . TTpe,ZlH .na fH no,na,naT, T'bpKaJ'IHT TypTe-
TaTa H 6.neHT K3TO ar1>Hua. BeqepTa IlHHT 6o3a H B 6o3aTa TypraT
UI.U8aAK.U (KopH'llKH) OT XJISl6 H 6JieHT' KoraTO me Cp'b6HaT OT 6o3aT~.
X.nH6oT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N2 201 - mypme, e MeceH B c . P1nu,
IlpecnaBCKo, oT 6a6a )KeKa BaHeBa, 6a6a Myrna )l(eJieBa H 6a6a TieHa
.llHMHTPHUa (21 IOJIH 1898 r .). THSI TypTeTa ce MeCH-X: 40 Ha 6poH, Ma}KaT
ce ~ Me)l. H no.n.aBaT 3a 3,npaBe Ha .neuaTa H oBUHTe. Ha cpe,naTa e
UBeT'bT (a.npaee) H OKOJIO Hero qeTHPH e,npH 3'bpHa - .na MHHaBa CHTia-
HHUaTa C'bC 3,itpaBe.
524 ,a H M H T 1, P M A P )I HO B

Xm160T, npe.ZJ.craeeH e pHc. N!~ 202- numKa MaJIKa, e ..Mecea

13 c. Bpecoeo, AttTOCKo, OT 6a6a Pyca KaJiyllleea, '6a6a To.llopa BeJieBa
H 6a6a )Ke.1H PaiiKo~a (aer. 1898 r.) . TaKHBa nHTKH MeCHT 40, Ma}Kar
c Me.ll H pa3.ZJ.aB3T 33 3.llp3Be Ha .ZJ.euaTa H ar~HUaTa. KoraTo nOAaBat
flHTKaTa, we H TbpKy.rrnaT. lliapKaTa e 11eTHpH e,llpH 3bpHa OT e,llpa1a
CHnaHHUa.
Xm160T, npe,llcr3eeH e pHc. Ng 203, Kpasau MaJ11>K, .Mec~n e 8
C. no,llBec, KapHo6aTCKO, OT 6a6a KaJIHH3 Ketteea,6a6a llparaHa BoJJKO-
Ba (38f. 1899 r.); T3KHBa Kp3B3H11eT.3 MeC.HT 40, M3.>K3T fH C Me,ll H
·no.l{aB3T 3a 3.llp3Be Ha ,lleu3ra H ar1>HU3Ta. lliapKHTe c uee ca mecr
3opH~ OT 6a6a wapKa.
XJrn61>T, npeJI.CT3BeH e pnc. N2 204, KOAaK, MaJIKO x.,1e6~e, e
MeceH e c. Cel\1HCt1e, X acKoecKo, OT 6a6a TieHa HeaHoBa CJiaeoea (IO
10H~ 1899 r.). MeCHT 40 TaKHBa KOJialleTa, Ma.>KaT C Me.I{ H pa3,ll~BaT 3a
3.z(paee Ha )J.euaTa H oBUJ,JTe.
XJIH6'hT, npeAcTaeeH a pHc. N2205, KpaBautte -MaJIKo-, Mecen s
c. Tp1>cTeHHK H c. Jlee MorHJIH, PyceacKo. MecHT 40 T3KHBa ~pa~ait11e-
_Ta, Ma>KaT c Me.ll H pa3)].aear 33 3)1.paee Ha )(euara H' croKara. IIIapKe
ca neT 3bpHa e.l{pH oT e)J.para CHnaHHIJ.3.
Xm161>T, npe)J.cTaBeH B pHc. N2 206, KBacxuK, no-ronHM xm16,
e ~1eceH B c. 6aJ1BaH, TopHOBCKO, OT 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa UoHqoeHua
H 6a6a KoH3 KoJii>oea K1>H11oeHua. XJI.H6'bT e e)J.HH; lllapKHTe MY ca:
·orrope no-)le6eJ1lllK3 TecTee3 cnJieCK3H3 np1>t1Ka, Ha3'b611eHa. c orpH6-
KaTa, a e cpe,AaTa UB.HT (3.llpaee); e cpe,AaTa MY TPH e.npH aopHa.
Ma.>Ke ce C Me));, Ka,llHT ro, pa311ynB3T H IlO)l3B3T no KOMlllHHTe 38 3)lpa-
ee Ha )leuara H CTOKaTa.
. XJIH61>T, npe.l{craeen e p11c. N2207, KBacHuK, e rQJUIM XJIJ16,
MeceH e c. JionHH; T ereeeHcKo, oT 6a6a Byra HHKOJIHUa H 6a~a Heaaa
_.81,JillOBHUa (10 aer. 1894 r.) . lliapKHTe ca: Kp'bCT3ll1Ka (CHJia ~O>KHJI) c
.)(Be e,llpH H lleTHpH CHTHH 3bpHa OT 6a6a lllapKa. Ma)l{e ce C Me,ll H C
f030HTe: 6o6 H T'bJIK3HH q'epeeHH 11Yll1KH HOCHT B qepKBa, AeTO non1>T
npeKa,llBa H O'lfHTa. CJJe.l{ T)'H TaMo B rrpRTBOpa qepKoBeH HJIH Ha AJ:SO•
pa (aKo epeMero e JI.o6po) me ce.l{HaT H me H.l{aT BcHqKH. TTpeAH Aa
ce,llHaT .l{a H.l{aT, pa311ynsar KBaCHHKa H CH no,llaeaT aa a.npaee Ha ae-
uaTa H ar'bHUaTa.
KaTo ce H3H.l{aT,6y.TIKHTe me CKOllaT H THllelllKOM me CH OTHA3T
y )(O~a. BCHKa 61,p3a )(a rpa6He KOTJIHTe H )(a OTH,lle Ha peKaTa Al AO·
aece BO,lla, KOHTO IlJIHCKa IIO .neopa, no K'bllJ,H, JIO KOlllapH. KoRTO 6yn·
xa npesapH, Ta rropea ,lla ce B'bpHe OT peKaTa c eo.na - T.ff c~ xeaJUl
KaTo epe.l{Ha. BHpBa ce, qe B Taff K'bllJ,3 KpaBHTe H CTOKaTa w.e 6'b,ll8T
iI1>praBH.
XJrn6bT, rrpe)lcTaBeH B pHC. Ni? 208, npoc</Jopa, ~aJIKO _xne6qe,
Meceao e c. Kapa6yaap, BypracKo, oT 6a6a JloHa HaaHoBa (aer. 1898 r).
Mee.HT 40 no,ll~Hff xJie6qera. Ha cpe.nara ce UJapHT c npoql>opHHK, a
OKOJIO Hero ll~HpH ,q9-e,llpH 3opHa_OT e,llpata CH08HH[(a. peK,T, ~a)K&T
C Me,ll, K3.ZJ..ffT H paa.naBaT 33 3,llpaBe Ha ,llel.(aTa H OBUHTe.
.p E ·JI M · r 11 :0 3 H 11· 0 6 11 1../ A- 11 525
XJrn6oBeTe, npeAcTaBeHH B pHc. N2 209 H 210, OT K0HTO nbp-
BHHT e KOAQK fOJIHM, a BTOpHHT - numKa MaJIKa, ca MeCeHl! B C.
MeABeH oT 6a6a EoiiKa TieHqeBa EacttaTapKaTa;H 6a6a Jl:me.n.a MHJIKoBa.
XJIH6bT .N~ 209 e ynoTpe6HBaH HHK0ra, a .nHeC pH.llK0 ro MeCHT. lliap-
KH ca: rpaA He3arpa)].eH - 6pa3,na, C K0HT0 3aopBaT ceJI0T0 OT 6oJieC-·
TH; BbTpe tieTHpu no-e.npn 3bpHa, a BbHKa 11en1pH n0-C,HTHH. Toa
XJIH6 K8)lSIT, pa3)laBaT OT Hero, a OCTaHaJIOT0 Ha11y nBaT H 38JIJ,£B8T C
BpHJia Bo)la, Ta ro H3HABaT. Ha nonapa.
TTHTKaTa.N'2 ·2 10 e MaJIKa H aamapetta c TPH e)lpH 3bpHa. TH ce
Ka.Zl.H, pa311ynBa H pa3)].3.Ba 38 3)1.paBe Ha .neuaTa H 0BUHTe OT CH,-
naHttua. ·
XJIH6bT, npe.D.CTaBeH B pi~c .•'J'.fo 211, K6QCHUK,. f0JIHM XJHI6, e
MeceH B c. TBbp.llHUa oT 6a6a llo6pa H 6a6a MapHH (aBr. 1898 r.) . ToH
XJI.Sl6 C T'bTIK3HH 11epBeHH qymKH HOC.SIT B it.epKBa, )leTo Il0ilbT rH oqJffBa
H TaMo pa3qynaaT KBaCHHKa H en pa3AaBaT 3a 3.llpaae Ha .neuaTa H
CT0KaTa. TaMo H)J.aT.
· XJIH6bT, npe.ncTaBeH B puc . ,N'!?212, 602oout{a, no-roJI.HM XJIH6,.
e MeceH B e. JlecH.npeH, TeTeBeHCKo, OT 6a6a C'b6a 60A11eBa H 6a6a Ma-
PHH UaHKoBa. Ha cpe.n.aTa e Kp'hcTarnKa (CHJia 60:>KHH); rope H Jl0JJY no
TPH e)lpH~ a OT CTpaHHTe no TPH CJffHH 3'hpHa . no.u.o6eH e "Ha XJIH6a
N!? 207, caM.o 11e TyKa ca n9 TPH 3'hpHa Me,?f<.llY cTpaH11Te Ha KpbcTaUia.
ToH XJ'l.H6 ce Ka.D.H H pa3.n.aaa 3a 3.llpaae Ha AeuaTa H 0BUHTe.
XJu16bT, npe.ncTaBE.'H B p11c .•N'!?213, Kpaeau 3a 6yJIKHTe; Me-
ceH e tJ C'bIII.OTO CeJl0 OT Cbl..UHTe 6a6u . ToH KpaBaH )laBaT TOH )leH Ha
6yJJKHTe sa 3.1lpase. UlapeH e c .n.aa UBHTa - 3.n.paae, H .nae e.npH 3'hpHa
OT e.npaTa c1-m am1ua. MecHT ro H B .npyra q>opMa, npe.ncTaBeH B p11c.. ·
N2214.
OcBeH XJISI6oneTe TOH )leH roTBHT 606 (TbpKaH) H T'hITKaHH ttep-
BeHH 11YlllKH, a no HHKp.n.e H capMH; t1yrnKHTe Ii capMHTe ca C 6yJiryp
J{JI.H OpH3.
l3 C. JlHT8KOBO, OpxaHJIHCKO, TOH .n.eH M0MHTe 0THBaT B ITJiaHHHaTa
3'8 C'hqKH . BcHKa w.e A0Hece no 40 CbqKH H KaT0 BJIH3aT B CeJJ0T0, Ha,
•KlfXBaT: ,,Hx-xy-y-y-yl". H neHT necHH.
THjf neCHH ca )lee:

E.ztHaTa:

PaaBHJlPHJia ce rrnaHHHaTa, Me:m.ny ce6e CH .nyMaxa:

BH.n.e ce rope H .Zl.OJlY' . - -.ll.anH e Hpe cyrape,
Bt1Ae ce Jioae JUtJUtHo, Hn H e UIHJie paHu:qe?
Jlana no. ,ll03e XO)leUie, CaMa ce Jla.na ooa.l{H:
Ben it is:ocin'HHK 6eneeUie,
)l(ep·asQ. nepo JIHJieeUie. - HHTO e Hpe cyrape.
HHKOH· .sJ- ue c'brne)la, HHTo e. wHJie paaifqe,
C'hrJie;i.aJilf H 0~11apH. HaMH e Jlana xy6asa.
CnywaHa OT CSa6a 81,nKatta BeroaHua
526 ,i)IMHT1,P MAPflHos

,llpyraTa:
Pa3BHBaH ce, ropo,
lie TH 3aMaH (epeMe) ,D.OH,D.e,
3aMaH .D.OH,D.e H npeMHHa.
PaHO Ha3e ,D.3 Cb6Y.D.Hlll,
Cnywaua OT 6a6a To,llopa n. Xpuctoea

B c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKo, roTBHT TOH ,D.eH 40 TbnKaHH qywKn H

40 nmulll!ma (capMH).
. B OxpH.D. TOH ,11.eH fOTBHT 40 capMH, 40 nbmKeBH, 40 pauH H DH-
ilT 40 q3wH BHHO H 40 qawH· paKHH, ·
.B c. To,nhOBIIH HJI.BT 40 33JlbK3 xm16 H flHHT 40 fJlbTKH BO.Ila.
B c.
Bpyceu >KeHHTe XO.D.HT B flJl3HHH3T3 H ,ll.0H3CHT 8 Kbll.(H 40
C'bqKH, 33' ,n.a fH He 6oJIH npe3 JIHTOT0 -Kp'bCTbT, K0f3T0 >KbH3T. .
HHKb,D.e e c. AJ1'hqKbOH, ,lI.o6pHqKo, TOH ,D.eH H3MHTBaT )J,Bopa .ff
<:1>6paHHH 6oKJIYK fl3JIHT, 33 ){3 HHMa 6'bJIXH.
B PynqoCKO TOH ,neH DOC3){B3T 40 3eJieHH KJIOHa 6e3 KopeHH; TH.SI
KJIOHOBe ce npHXB3IU3T, nopaCTBaT H pa>K,ll3T.
T oH .neH H3JIH33JIH 3MHHTe. Koiiro Mo*e .na y6He .3MHSJ:, B3eMa it
rnaeaTa H e He~, KaTo ry:>K,n.a ceMKH·6ocHJieK, noca.nea ro. BocnJieKbT
-ce ynoTpe6HB3JI 33 UHp. C TOH 6oc1rneK, 3K0 ce KHTH M0Ma, M0MUHTe
111.e Jiy,lJ.eHT no HeH H TaKaBa M0Ma MafHH He ff xeaw.aJIH. (C. JleTHHUa,
.Jloe1JaHCKo, 6a6a fHua Bonqoea.)
TOH ,l(eH CeHT u.eere, 331.UOTO me U.'hq)TH BCHKora H UBeT'bT MY 11.{e
-60.ne KpaCHB H MHpH3JIHB.

B) B JI a r 0 B e LI., 25 MapT

llepKoeeH npa3HHK: Ce. ApxaHreJI r

aBpHJJ . c1>--
·061.UiiJI Ha npeGBeraTa.Ueea MapHH 6naraTa eecT, qerH e Y.D.0CToeHa,!Ul
:aa1:rne oT ce. ,llyxa H .D.a po.nH cnac11TeJIH Ha ceera.
Hap0,neH npa3mrn: B11a20Betf, BAaeoetf (OxpH.n), ~11a20Bet1¥H1J
(ITaHanopmue, Tonnern, KnHcypa, .[lepeKbOH, Me.D.BeH), BACl20IJ,¥!He
(IToJI.eec, Bpecoeo, llIHnKa), EAazocmeHe (ToJI.hOBUH). Hapo,D.HOTO
·eHpBaHe yreop:>KAaea, qe TOH .D.eH .noxo)K,lJ.a-KYKYBHU:aTa or npe3 Mo-
peTo 3ae,Z:.H0 C Jl3CT0BHUaTa H H3Becnrnana 6narara BeCT I qe 3HM3T3 CH
OTHlllJia eeqe H JIHT0T0 npu6JIH>KHJIO.
Cnope.D. Hapo.D.HOTO BHpBaHe 3MHHTe H3JIH3aJIH H3 CBOHTe 3HMO-
BHIU3, a Te ca ce npH6Hp3JIH T3M0 HHKb.D.e B new.epH npH CB0SI uap.
ToH )J.eH ce Bp'hW.aJIH _H3 CBOHTe KpaikeeTHH >KHJIHW.a H CaMO.D.HBHTe H
-CaMOBHJIHTe. ToH AeH ca H.D.eJIH H pa3JIH1JHHTe .npyrH .,lJ.HX3HHSI,
3a JI.a ce nocpew.ue JIHTOT0 H JIHTHaTa TOflJIHHa, cpew.y BJiafOBell
H3MH_TaT BCH1lKHTe .n;eopoee H 60KJIYUHTe Tp.H6Ba )(3 ce .sanaJIHT .u.a H3·
ropHT, Ta .l(a 6'b.l(e tUfCTO H ·IlpOtlHCTeHo 33 BnaroBeU.
8 nauanopHIUe H3MHTaT H ABopoeere, H O8O1.UHH'l:e rpa)lHHH, H
l>EJTHrH03HH 05Hl/AH 527
user11Ta. Ocsett H3rapHHeTo Ha 6oK.riyKa HHK'b)le nan.HT ome H .TtaHHa
KaKTO B J].Bopa, T'bH H B K'bLUH ()KeJurna, Coq>HHCKO). Tyii npaBHT Jl.8
,nporOHHT 3MHHTe . .llo.nero ropH or'bHHT, M0MUHTe ro npeCKaqaT H CH
ITl,pJUlT KpaKaTa.
BC. To)lbOBUH BCHllKH B K'blUH 3HM8T 3ananeHH napuanH OT K0HO-
ueuo TIJI8TH0, H TO OT pH3a, H CH nopJIHT KpaKaTa. Tyif npaBHT, Ta npe3
.i1HTOTO )la He rH xane 3MHH.
B c. Tonnem cpemy Bnaroseu CH o6yaaT o6yll.{a, Ta Ha BJiaroseu
:XO)lHT o6yTH; K0HT0 ca 60CH, o6e3aTeJIHO TpH6Ba .zta CH n'bpJIHT Kpa-
KaTa OT 3MHH. _
ToH )leH H3JIH3aJIH'3MHHTe; )la He JlOXa.>K,ZJ.aT B )lBopa HJIH B K'b-
oxpaHHBaT K'blUaTa qpe3 e.zu1n
lllH, 3all.{OTO MHoro JI0illo npe.nsell.{aaa -
~pe.n. O6pe)l'bT ce C'bCTOH B Tosa: me ce 3eMe e.nHH napuan (Me.l{BeH) H
-c TOH aananeH napuan me OOHKaJIHT .nsopa, KaTo Hap1r'laT:
Eao! aae, KaTo C'bM B .Il.<>Jie,
TH .na CH B none.
KaTo C'bM B none,
TH )la CH B J]..one.
Tosa npaBHT cyTpHHTa npe.n 30pH.
HHTepecuo e Tosa, .neTo TYK Ha 3MHHTa B TYH HapHllaHe BH-
xaT EBo.
B c. PHlll naJIHT MeTJia H Q6HKanHT .nsopa, KaTo BHKaT:
BHraiiTe, 3MHH H ryll.{epH,
l(a )loif.ne BnaromeHel
BnB BCHl{KHTe .npyrH cena npe.nna3BaT .nsopa H K'blUaTa OT SMHH
H rym.epH 11pe3 .npoHKaHe Ha M81IJHTe C orpH6KaTa HnH C .npyro Hemo.
HapHJiaHe-ro e pa3JIHl{H0 H a3 TYK ro npe.nasaM, KaKTo C'bM ro cpem-
uan a pa3JIHqH1-1Te Kpam,ua. .
B c. Jiec1-1.npeH AP1>HKaT MaHIHTe C p1>.»CeHa, o6HK8JHIT H BnKaT:
l.JyH, qyff, ll}"HI .
Be.>KTe, 3MHH, rymepu,
lie Jf)Ie 6J1arosemeHe.
B c. JlepeKhOH Ap1>HKaT c Mc:JWHTe H po.»CeHa H BHKaT:
6HraiiTe, MHIIIKH' CMOUH, · 3MHH,
HeK RH Aoii.ne 6naro .»CHTol
B c. Bpecoso, AiiTocKo, .npoHKaT c AHJiacpa (Mam11Te) B caxan.
B Ilananopm.ne .npoHKaT c MallIHTe ff p1>.»Cena H BHKa T:
BeJKTe, 3'bMH H ryw.epH,
lJe u.naT cnp1,xen11Tel

(TyKa nnawaT SMHHTe H ryll{epHTe c w.1,pxeJIHTe, .aoije>Ke Te ce

528 J! .H · M H T "b P M A P H H O .8

,Xp.;!HHT CbC 3MHH, ryw.epH H )Ka6H. Hapo,llHOTO BHpBaHe YTBbp)K,ll3Ba, 11e-

H _HaH-ro.'leMHTe H H,ll0BHTHTe 3MHH He MoraT ,lla noape,llHT Ha IUbpKeJIH-
Te. EueaJIO e npHMepH - pa3K83B8T 6a6HTe H CTapHTe xopa, K0faTo,
3MHHTa e H8)1.BHB8Jia Ha opeJI, HO HHK0ra He e H3)lBHBaJia Ha llf.bpKe.ri.)
B C. 11.IHrl'Ka 'JlpbHKaT pb)KeHa c orpH6KaTa H BHKaT:
EflraATe, 3bMH H rymepH,
4e HJl.e )leJrn MapKo c Tony3a!
B, C. OCHKOBO, BpatJ·aHCKO, ,npbHKaT pb)KeHa H orpH6KaTa H B11-
KaT:
Be)KTe, 3'bM H n ryw.ep H,·
l.Je 3apaH e BJiaroaeu!
B .c. KJIHcypa ,npnHKaT c MaIIJHTe II BuKaT:
Be)KTe, 6y6epH,
ITorepa BH roHHI
ITyIIJaT H c JiaHHO. Tyii npaBHT II Ha Hp.HMa (EpeMHH) .
B c. Kapa6yHap JIP'hHKar pbJKeHa H Ka3Bar:
BHraiire, ryw.epH,
BHraATe, MHIIJKH,
BHraiiTe, CMOUHI
(MHillKHTe ca n0JICKHTe MHIIJKH, K0HT0 npaBHT naK0CT ua CeHT-
61ne.)
OcBeH .npoHKaHeTo HMa ow.e HHK0JIK0 .npyrH o6HttaH, MeJK,ny KOH-
TO H3H-B8JKHHHT e TOH, )J.eTO B HHKOH Kpamu.a TOH )J.eH XO.II.HT MOMH IlO·
K'hllf.HTe a ne.HT 6 n a r o B e III K H n e c H H. B 3ana.11.Ha BMrap,HH, a
·ro B IlJf3HHHCKHTe cena, THSI neCHJ.f ce neHT H JI.HeCKa; e· Il0JleTo Te ca
3a6paBeHH, o6atte crapHre )KeHH rH ome noMHHT.
· . B .npyrHTe KpaHw.a, B H3rottHa H IQ)KHa lh,nrap HH, TOH 06H11aii e-
ar.nae Ha H3'11e3HaJI, ra H necHHTe ca no'IITH 3a6paeeHH. A3 He HaMep1"..X.
HHTo e.n.Ha 6a6a, K0HTo )I.a 3Haerne n.a H3nee H.HKo.H 6JiaroaewKa neceH.
B 3ana.n.Ha 61>Jirapm1 0CBeH neCHHTe, K0HT0 C'bM 38IlHC3Jf H 06-
Hapo,ll.BaJi B )K. crap., I, 125-129, 83 3amiC3~ 0Til0CJie HHK0H neCHH. .
eapHaHTH B ITJieBeHCKO, BpattaHCKO H OpHXOBCKO, KaKT0 H o6H'l8H,.
KOHTO e H3Bbplll83H )l.0 'npe,llH 50-.'60 r .
To.SI 06H11aii 6HJI rawi,e. ,l}.Bopoeere ca noMHTaHH, 6oKJIYK'h,
ce aanaJJBaJI H M0MH, K0HT0 Belle. ce M0Me&T, TpH6BaJio ,lla XO,llSIT no
K'hW.HTe H .n.a neat 6naroeeIIJKH necHu.
B THSI neCHH ce Cil0MHH.Sl KYKYBHUaTa H 0K0JI0 HeR H HeHHOTO
BCCTHBaHe ce B'bpT.SIT BCHIIKH neCHH: KaK e )l0WJia KYKYBHUaTa H KaKBH
BeCTH e .ZI.0HeCJia.
KY,K)'BHU8Ta BeCTSIBa, 'le C·a A0WJIH caM.OAHBHTe H caMOBWJHTe.
PE JI. HI'l103HJ1 05111/AH
KauttaJJa e KyKyauua
B rpa.n.HHll Hua Ha ,ll,IOJlll lUI.a.
3~KyKaJia MHJIHO-)KaJIHO,
;XeM CH KyKa, XeM CH .ll.yMa:
. K~st Mal1Ka mepKa HMa,
,lla H paHo tte H3npama
Ha H3Bopu, Ha KJia,nem1.u,
lle T~ HMa .n.o rpu 10.n.u,
·.uo TpH lO)lH C3MO.z(HBH,
UBere 6epar, KHTKH KHTHT,
KHTKH KHTHT. Bem.1.H BHSIT'
XeM rH BHHT, xeM Haputiar:
- THH KHTKH 33 MOMUHTe,
A BeHuui::e 3a MOMHTe,
Kou paHo ~H no.n.paHHT
H CH JlOH.ztar Ha H3Bopn.
Jl0H3 MOMa He CJJyrnaJia,
He cJiyrnaJJa KYKYBHUa,
_Ho paHHJia Ha KJia.zteHUH,
H 3 KJiaJJ.eHuH npeJlH 3opu
)13 HaJiee CTY.ll.Ha BO)l.a.
Vb c6opHJu<a MH. Cnywana or 6a6a Mapnst c~rn -KoHoBa, c. MaJJopar,
6a6a KbHa noKoBa , c. AJJnn.nip, Cpe. Bap11attrn B )K. nap. , I, 125
529
TaM 3aBapH )l.O TpH 10.ll.H,
,Uo TpH IO,nH, caMOAHBl-f .
E,nHara· H KHTK3 JJ.3Ba,
llpyrara H BeHeu rypH,
Tperara ii neceH nee:
- .llo6pe JJ.OWJia, Jiena lloHe,
Harna MHJI3 nocecrpHMo!
43KaJia SI CT3pa M3HKa,
lfaK3Jia H )13 ce BbpHe,
HstMa lloH3 )la cu .ll.OH)le.
nornJia M3HK3 ,na H .ll.HPH,
Ha KJI3JJ.eHUH, Ha H3Bopu,
He H3WJi3 e MJ1a,n3 llotta,
Ho e H3lllJI3 HeHHO Be)lpo,
HeAHo ee)lpo, HeifHa ttarna,
HeAHa '13Wa c K06HJIHU3ra.
Be)lpOTo H rb6HcaJio,
4ama-i-a H ape.>K nycHaJJa,
Ko6HJIHU3T3 Han'hn'IHJia,
HanbnqnJJa, JJHCT JIHCTHJia,
JlHCT. JIHCTHJia, UBHT UbQ>H3Jia.

Ha TO.ff )leH HMa mue li .npynt MeCTHH 06n11a11 .

B C. TonJiern, fa6poBCKO, BHpBa ce, qe Ha TOSI )1.eH, )1.€TO HMa 33-
KonaHO HMaHe, nap1ne H3JIH33JIH BbB BH.ll. Ha CHH n.,aMbK. 3apa)lH TOBa
npe)l.J,{ TOH )l.eH HM3HHpliTe XO,ll.HT no nonerara, MOrHJIHTe H TIJI3HHHCKHTe
ycou, JI.eTo uMa BeKoBHH JI.b6oBe, H rne.nar .n.amI me ce noHBH HstKbJI.e
TaKbB TIJJaMbK . . .
B TYH ceJio MH pa3npaBnxa.; ·-qe ~aro 3HaHT 33 Tosa BHpsaue,.
38 )I.a no,n1-1rpaHT HMaHHpHTC', HSIKOH OTHBaJIH, Ta 3anaJIB3JIH CJiaMa, 33~
.RJiaD.ffJIJ,{ H C KOlll H TH H3,ll3B3Jia CHH nJiaMbK. Ha .npyrHH )leH TOBa MSI-
CTO ce HaMupa.no npeKO!]aHO H npeB'hpHaTo. nocJie B Kp'b11MHTe ce DOA-
CM11BaJIH Ha HMaH~pnte.
81>B BeJiec moM qyHr KYKYBHUaTa, onrnar Ha noJieTo H TaMo xan-
BaT MaJIJ<o x;rn6, 3a )I.a He ru npo6He 1<y1<ye11uara (ClHY, XI, 84)~
KoraTo Ha6JIH)KH 6JiaroBeu, nceKH rne.n.a Aa 6b.n.e CHT, ra )la
qye xy1<ya11uaTa CHT » JI.a HMa napu B xecmITa or. Tosa ce npaBJJ, 3~-:
moro BHpBattero·Hapo.Qno YTBbp)K.naBa, tte KOHTO llye KYKYBHUaT~·~kr H..
C IT'bJIHa xecm:i' npe3 TO,ll.HHaTa me 60,ne BCHKora Ci!T H KeCHHT'a Mfili,e-
:61>)1.e ·ITbJJHa; "· npOTHBHOTO, aKo H qye fJI3)).€H H C npa3Ha KeCHH, npe3.
UHJiaTa roi»Ha me 6n~e rJiaAeH H C· npa3Ha KeCHH.
Ha. TOH AeH nyw,aT Koruep1rre, T.. e·. OTBapHT"J;<Oipep1-1maTa
. .. )
H nycKa't
. .
fllje,1rnre )la XB'bpttaT; C'bIUO TOH ,AeH no~pH~BaT OT,JlOJIY M3JIKO,BoCq}Ula-
34
530 Jiff M HT1,P MAPHH OB

Ta. KaJJ.HT r11 c tiepeH (TbM.eH, tiepeH, CHB) napua.rr u c rose>K,D.H JiaH-
Ha. (Py.ntrnc, C6HY, VIII, 141.) · '
BHpBa ce, aKo Ha BJiaroaeu 61>JJ.e xy6aBo BpeMeTo, T. e. HCHo,
6y6ttT'e npe3 npoJie:rTa me 61>JJ.aT 3JI.paBH K me uMa Jlo6bp nJioJJ.; aKo
6'b,ll.e ,ll.'b>K,ll.eJIHBO K o6JiattHO, 6y61ffe me 6'b)I.3T 60JIHH H peKOJITata
cJia6a.
29, 30 u 31 MapT - THH TPH ,ll.HH c:e K33BaT 3aeMH.Ume OHU . TTpea
THH AHH· Ca,ll.HT <pacyn, 33lllOTO CTaBaJl CJla,ll.'bK (c. ConMac, XaCKOBCKo·,
c1,06UJ.aBa JlHAO ro1w lleJJqeB) .

r) JI a 3 a p H H ua
- 4epKoBeH . npa3HHK: B'h3~peceHHeTO Ha Jla3apa.
. Hapo,neH npa3HHK: Jla3f:ZpHut{a, Jla3ap, Jla3apoea c-r,6oma.
Hapo,Il.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp)K)l Ba, tJe TOH ,neH ce npa3HyBa B qecr
Ha HHBHTe, nac6Hmara u rppara. Ba6aMoMa CTe<paHOBHUa, c. To.rr.hoeu.H',
EJieHCK©, 6c;1.6a Bnp6a fHHeBa, c. PeceA:, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a B1>nKaHa.
DefioBHU.a, c. JIHTaKoBo, OpxaHHHCKo, II 6a6a lloHa Y3yH-H1rno.11oea, c.
IIImIKa, Ka3B8T, qe Jla3ap e 381I0Be)I.HHK Ha ropHTe, myMaU.HT e H TOH
qHCTH·, Tpe6H -ropHTe JI.a npaBHT xopaTa HHBH. Jla3ap HMa B pouere CH
6aJITHH, C KOHTO ceqe ropaTa, rnyMaKa H npaBH opHHUH. Ero·3amo TOH
)leH ce Ka3Ba Jla3ap. .
. To}l .rr.eH ce npai:rnyea B HeroBa qecT H X0,ll.HT JI83apKH, KOH.TO
neHT necHH B Heroaa qecT.
Ha TOH 11.eH HaH-Come cTBeiuira qacT OT npa3HeHC TB0TO C'bCTaBJIH-
Ba ofo1qaHT Jia3apKH.
JI a 3 a p K H. To.H o6Htiaii e o6mo pa3npocrpaHeH. CpemHax ,ro
B 3ana,nHa BMrap1rn , H B l13TOtJHa H I0:>1rna; cpema ce B Po,non11Te,.
TTpHJien, BHTOJIH, OxpH,n, KHqeao, CKOIICKO, CoJiyHCKO H ,npyrHTe
Kpamn.a B UHJIOTO OTeqeCTBO Ha 6'hJirapHTe; caMO a no.rr.po6HOCTHTe
o6HtJ8HT ce· pa3JJHtJ3Ba. OTTaMo H JI a 3 _a p C K HT e II e C H H ca
HaH-MHoro6poiiHH H Haii-pa3Hoo6pa3HH. KaKTo H xone,nHHTe, Jia3ap-
CKHTe neCHH ca HarnaceH H 33 BCeKH tJJieH B CeMeHCTBOTO H 33 BCSIK0
o6mecrBeHo IIOJIO:>KeHHe Ha e,nHH CeJI.HHHH.
XoJI.eHeTo Ha JJa3apKH, T. e. JI a 3 a p ya a He ·r o, e roJIHM pe-
JIHrHo3eH o6pe,n.45 • MoMa, KOHTO He Jia3apyea, He Mo:>Ke JJ.a ce MoMee.
CrapaTa c~cTpa - MOMa, ce 0}KeHHJia npe3 3HMaT_a, a JJ.pyrara
cecr,pa cJieA Hest, KOHTo e 61ma noaRBtca, craaa M0Ma, T. e. Mo.>Ke .u.a
11u6H".J,P060BHHK, .u.a ce KHTii c KHTKH H 13eHeu Ha rJiaBara; JJ.a ce nJie-
Te• J3 lµ)Ca H IlJIHTKH H ){a HOCH KOCaTHHK; ){a Ce 06J1Hlla B'bB Be38H3
p1i3a' C no.rm; JJ.a 60,l{e K'bpIIH OT ,l{Bete CTpaHH Ha 6eJJ.para; Jia HOCH

urHe e SICH0 KaKBO suaqeHJle BJiara 8BT0p'LT B n0HSITHeT0 "penHrH03e n''.. 8 cnY-
lfaft ce Kacae He 38 ll'bPKOBH0·XPHCTHHHC:K H, a 38 TB'hp,ile CTap ,e3H'-IeCKH o6pe.n (KaKT0
H caMHSIT TOA no- ea40.11y DT6eJISl3Ba) . B>K. T. K.011eea. 3a np0H3X0A8 Ha nponeTHHTe
M0MHHCKH o(5eqae. Opo6ntMH ua 6'LJirapcKH H cfx>JIKnop, c., 1972~ c. 367-372::
P E JI H r H O 3 H H O 6 H 'l A f1 531
rep)laH, OOHUH, npoCTeHH H rpHBHH. Ho )la CTaHe MOMa, K3K'PO SI OOH·
.caxMe, TSI TpR6sa no-HanpeJl )la Jia3apysa. (6a6a ToJlopa n. XpHCToBa,
c. JhnaKoBo, 6a6a MH'la HJIHK11esa, c. Ko3ap BeJJeHe, 6a6a Kepa
)l(e.rrn3Kosa, c. BaJIBaH, 6a6a MoMa CTe4>aHosa, c. ToJlbOBUH, 6a6a lloHa
Y3yH-HHKOJioBa, c . IIIHnKa, H ome MHoro Jlp.)
ETo 3amo Ha JiaaapKH He XO)lSIT MOMH, KOHTO ca OCTaHaJlH npe3
.3HMaTa He:>1<eneHH, HHTO CBT>pmeuu MOMH, HO BCHIIKHTe ca no)leBKH,
.KOHTO BCT'bilBaT B MOMHHCTBO. nocJie Jia3apyBaHeTO e)lHa no)I.HBKa CTa-
~a C'bB'bpmena MOMa; TH Belle He MO:>Ke )la XOJlH Ha JI?3apKH. ETo 3amo eJi-
Ha MOMa XOJlH CaMO Be)l.H'b)K Ha JiasapKH.
IloJ1eBKHTe, KOHTo me Jia3apyaaT, ce CBHKBaT ome no-oTpano,
OT cpe,llOilOCTHHUa, H IlOllBaT )la ce npHfOTB.SIT sa Jia3apyaaue, T. e.
yqaT necHHTe, KOHTO me TpH6Ba )la neHT. THH neCHH fH y11aT TIO-CTapHTe,
6HJIO MOMa, 6HJIO 6yJIKa, KOHTO ca XO)lHJIH Ha Jlaaap.
TSIXHOTO llHCJIO ue e OTpe)leHo; HO 3KO ca MHOfO,. Te ce )le.II.SIT
Ha no MaxaJIH H BCHKa lleTa )(O)lJ,t B OTpe)leHaTa MaxaJia, 33Ill,OTO B e)l-
Ha Koma ,naa n'hTH ,na ce Jiasapyaa ue 61-rna. Haii-MHoro ca ,naa,nece-r,
a HaH-MaJIKO )leCeT MOMHlleTa .
llae OT THX me HOCSIT KOlllHHU.H 3a Hiiua. ToH ,neH Ha nasapKHTe
ce He .ZI.apHBa .ZI.pyro .ocBeH 6eJIH Hiiua. · llpyr11 .II.Be HOCSIT KpHBaUH.
HHKora e.ZI.NaTa e HOCHJia 6aJITHH, a ApyraTa Kp1rnaK. (Kp11BaK H 6anTHSI
HHKora )KeHa ue HOCH; THSI JI.Ba npe.ZI.MeTa ca rrpHH3.ZI.Jie>l<HOCT Ha M'b)Ka.
TyK JlBeTe MOMH Hrpa.HT M'b>l<Ka poJIH.) MoMaTa, KOSITO e HOCf(Jia 6aJI-
THHTa, ce uapHllaJia Jla3apoea 6yAKa H · 61-wa rrpeBeceHa c rrpesec.
KaTo BJle3H3T B JlBOpa Ha HSIKOSI Koma, .ZI.BeTe MOMH C KpHB3UHTe
33CTaHaT H H3JllffH3T KpHBau1ne; .ZI.PYfHTe Jia3apKH fH 3300HK3JIHT B
Kp'br. B TO.SI Kpor .ZI.pyrH J1a3a·pK11, Ha 6poii lleTHpH, 3a6yJ1eH11 c
npesec Ha.n. OllHTe, 11rpaS1T OKOJIO .II.BeTe Jia3apKH C H3.ZI.HfH3T11Te Kpii-
B3UH. Te HrpaHT, 6e3 .II.a ce yJioBSIT sa p1iueTe, a BCHKa 3a . ce6e CH,
o6a11e e.ZI.Ha c~e.ZI. .ZI.pyra. · ·
...,_t--B c. IOnep, 6aJI6yHapcKo, a3 cperu.Hax ..1a3apKH, .ne-ro Hrpaq-
KHTe Jia3apKH-6yJIKH He ca qen-1pH, a )lBe, J,f TO B o6HKHOBeHo MOMHH-
CKO o6JieKJIO. TyKa BCHK3 OT nix Jl'bp:>KH 6S1Jia Kopna B poueTe CJ-1 .
KoraTo Jia3apKHTe-6yJIKH HrpaHT, OKOJIO TSIX Hape)leH1ne B Kp'br
Jia3apKH rreSIT Jia3apCKHTe neCHH .
KaKTO crroMeHax, THSI necm-1 ca ttarJiaceHH TaK3, 11e HMa necen
3a sceKH 1.1JieH B ceMeHCTBOTO crrope.ZI. noJ10>1<eHHeTo MY B Tyii ceMeif cTBO,
a TaKa H 33 BCeKH ceJiflHH1:f B ceJIOTO crrope.n o6rn.ecTBeHOTO MY IlOJIO-
:>KeHHe. HMa neCHH 33 MOMa, 33 MOM'b~, 33 MOM1.le, 33 MOMHtte, 3a .neTe,
sa 6ynKa, 3a )J.OM3KHH, 33 JlOM3KHHKa, 3a 0B1.lap, 33 opaq H np . ; no-
HaTaThK HM3 neCHH 3a KMeT, 33 CBeI.I.J.eHHK, 3a Il'bpBetteu H np., OTJIHllHH
B o6I.I.J.eCTBOTO ceJI.HHH.
HHe TyKa H3JiaraMe THfl C'b6paHH necHH, HOB JlHTepaTypeH e3H·~.,
a ae Ha MeCTHOTO Ha pet1He.
KoraTo ,D.a Tp1>ruaT na3apKHTe, Te ce c'b6HpaT y e,D.Ha oT 6yn-
KHTe-na3apKH. TaM re H3n~saT HaA-HanpeJJ. cne.u.aaTa necea.
532 JJ.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

EJieH, ,neJieH, .n.eBOHKo, Jla3ape, --IT pH)lH, B1-l.no, n pHCT'hnH,

EJieH nJiasa npe3 Mope, ,, Jia3ape.
C no3JiaTeHH poroae, t ." 3eMH 3Jl3TH3 H6'bJIKa,
Ha poroae MY nocTeJIKa, ~,, . _ITpkiI.e BH,na, npHCT'hnH,
Ha nocTeJIKa JJa3ap, ,, He ,na,ne H .H61>JIKa,
lIHcTo cyKHo Kpoerne. ,, Ho H xaaHa . 3a p1>Ka,
113 MOSI c6opKHK. C.JJYlllt!Ha OT 6a6a l('bHa TieTKOBa, ,c . AJITHMHp. Cps.
C6HY, V, 18 .

KaTo H3ne.HT TaH neceH Ha e,nHa MHoro Hrp1rna MeJIO,lJ.HH,.Tp1>rBar

no ceJio. KaTo HaJIH33T H3 K'hll.l3T3 H3 6yJIKaTa, no Il'bT.H neHT BKynoM
cJie.nHaTa neceH:
Jla3ap ce BOSH T peaa JJ,a HHKHe, Jlasape_,
Ha . 3JI3THH KO~ua, Jlasape, flayH ,u.a rrace,
HH3 ceJio xo,nH, flayH )J.3 rrace,
Bory ce MOJIH, flepa )l8 XB'bpra,
-- 51 ,nafl MH, 6oJKe, ,, flepa ,ZJ.3 XB'bpra,
CuTeH MH .U.1>JKJJ.eu,
MoMH )la 6epaT;
CuTeH MH JI1>JK,neu,
.Poca )la pocH; MoMH, HesecTH,
Poca Aa pocH, Be HUH ~a muIT,
UiylllaHa OT 6a6a l\'bea IleTKOBa, c. AntHMHp. CpB. AT. Hn. N!! 189

KaTo BJie3H3T H H.HKO.H K'hlll3, me rhe,l{aT KaK'bB e )lOM8KHH'bT:

6oraT: opaq, non H np., 1,'8 cnope.n Toaa· n1>pBaTa neceH H3n.HBaT HeMy.
Ha 3aMoJKeH ceJIHHHH
Ce,u.HaJI MH e cTapH 51HhO, Koii en qyKa cTapH apaTa,
Jla3ape, Jlaaape,
Kpaii KaJIHHa, Kpaii M3.'IHHa, · CTapH apaTa, tiel\-!mHp nopTH?
,, ,,
Kpaii qepBeHH TpeH,ZJ.aqrnJI, - Oil Te, Te6e, cTapH TaTxol
Ha 1wcTeJIKa KonpHHeHa, )i(1n~apH ca, )KHTO Hll.l3T. .,,
- Ha TH, CH3XO, 3JI3THU KJil()'qH,
Ha· a'63rJiaae Hsaesatto,. ,,
Ha caM )leH Jla3apm1ua, ,, "
,Ua OTKJIIOlJHlll mecT C'bpilHH,
)la CH .H~e, ,na CH rrHe, ,,
."
TponH3JIH ca CTapH BpaTa, ,Ua HM ,ZJ.a,ZJ.em IIHCTO )KHTO,
,,
'CTapH BpaTa, IIeMrnHp nopTH, lJHCTO )KHTO, Bee 6eJIHH. ,,"
,, TponHaJIH ce crapH apaTa,
CTapH ~Hho nporoaap»: ,, ,,
- Oil Te, cHax~, Hafl-crapa:a, Crapu spara, 1.JeMmHp nopTH;
PE.flHI'H03HH 05Hl/A H 533
CTapH 51 HbO nporosapi1: TiporoeapH CTapH 51HhO:
Jla3ape, Jla3ape,
- Oit Te, cHaxo, no-MJiaJ].aTal - Ofl Te, cH_
a xo, HaH-MJiaJ].aTal

Koii CH Tpona CTapH "

spaTa, Kofi CH Tpona cTapH spaTa,
,, . "
CTapH BpaTa, tieMmHp nopnt? CTapH BpaTa, 1.1eM1I.!Hp nopTH?

-Ou Te Te6e, . CTa pH "

TaTKO, - "
Ofl Te, TaTKo, cTapH 51Hhol

BHHapH ca, BHHO mu.aT. ,, Jia3apKH ca, J(.a HH neiIT,

- Ha TH, CH3XO, 3JI3THH KJilO'lH,
CTapH 51HhO nporoaapH: ,,
JI.a OTKJllOtIHlll TPH 3HMHHKa, - Oii ·Te, cHaxo, HaH-MJia)J.aTal
,,
TpH 3HMHHKa c' JJ.eBeT 6'bt1BH,
l1)J.H ·cKopo, OTBOpH HM, ,,
.lleBeT 6'btiBH pyfltto BHHO, HeK HH neHT, "133apyaaT,

TponHaJIH ca cTapH apaTa, .lJ.apyBafi rH cpe6po, snaTo,

CTapu apaTa, tieMI,lIHp nopTH, Cpe6po, snaTo, )lpe6eH 6Hcep.

I-fa c6opHHKa MH. Cnywana OT 6a6a MapHH Cne-K.oHoea, c. MaJiopaT,

6a6a MHqa HJIHH'leea, c. 1(03ap Be.neHe, 6a6a Jl.oHa ¥3yH-HHKOJioea, c . IllHnKa.
BapHaHTH cpe. C6HY, I, 24; IllanK . .N't 68, 98, 116; MHJI . .N't 585. 628, 633; AT.
lfn., Nt 135, 138, 140, 195

Ha· :>KeHa B 6oraTa Kolll.a

JlereJIH MH ca JieTeJIH, Jlaaape, Coe JJ.Be HrJIH cpe6peHH, Jlasape,
.neseT pan a roJio6H, ,, Coe ,naa KOHUa sJiaTeHH,
SI )J.ecero nayHH. ,, Ha pe)J., Ha pe.n )KoJITHUH, ",,
Ila)J.H3JIH MH ca, na}J.HaJIH, ,, no cpeJJ.aTa 6Hcepeu; ,,
Ha ua poBH JJ.BopoBe. ,, LI.pe6eH 61tcep JJ.enewe, ,,
lll.o npaaewe uapHua? ,, Ha roJI'h6H rH XBnpJIHIIIe:
M1>)KKO JJ.eTe JiioJieewe, ,,
B noonaTea·a JIIOJitIHUa; ,, - BHTH, BHTH, rnJI'h6Hl
C KyTeJI 6Hcep Mepewe, ,, BHTH, BHTH, nayHHl
Ha KonpHHa ro HH)Keme, ,, .ll.a ao6eTe 6Hcepeu,
Ta KanHua MY aeaewe, ,, c ., TaH 6HJia nweHHUa
J •
J:13 c6opnnKa MH. CnywaHa OT 6a6a Muqa Hnuii1.1eea, c. l(osap Be.neHe
6a6a Hsana TTanMapH1.\a, 6a6a MapHH, c. nawaKbou . Cpe. eapHaHTH 8 C6H¥'
VI, 16, 18; IllanK . , .N't 80; Mun., .N'2 587, 609; AT. HJI . , N2 201, 204 '
534 ,ll.HMHT1'P MAPHHOB

Ha MOMa
Jia3apcKHTe necm-1 ca HaH-H306HJIHH 33 MOM8T8. TyK BCHtJKHTe
ca JIIOOoBHH. HHe H3JiaraMe caMo H.HKOJIKo:

llieraJia MOMa, rneTaJia, Jla3ape, Ho ce po,nHJIO MaprapHT, Jlaaape,.

HHS TaH pocHa rpaJJ.HHa, ,, C 6e31-leHHH K3M'bHe, ,,
C~HJia ·MOMa, ceHJia, H3JJ.O)I.OX3 3Jl3T3pH ,,
,,
.lla "CH ueHHT K3M'bHe, ,,
CHTeH MH paMeH 6ocHJieK, ,, He ueHHxa KaM'bHe, ,,
He ce po.zurno 6oc1rneK, Ho u.eHHxa MOM3Ta ,,
Ba6a B'h.iKatta, c. JlHTaKOBO, OpxaHHHCKO. Cpas. C6HY, III, 31
.llpyra:
Bpana MOMa poctto uaeTe,
-
Ta yBHJia 3eJieH aeHeu, JJa3ape,
Jla3ape, Ha aetteua ,11.eaeT KHTKH, ,,
B'hB ]:tBa cKyTa KOnpHHeHH' .lleBeT KHTKH OOCHJIKOBH, "
,, 51 ,neceTa c1paTypK0Ba ,,
Ba6a B'hJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoBo. C6HY, XIII, 108

Tpe1a:
TporHa JIY.ll.O JIOB )I.a JIOBH,
. . Jla3ape, C1opH MY ce Tp'bcKa K'hpmu,.
Cpew.y n,11.e M3JIKa MOMa .na3ape,.
TpocKa KbplllH cpe.IJ. e3epo,
Ilyw,H xopTH no 3aeuH,
1
UeJiyaa H B 6.HJIO JIHII.e,
A COKOJIH no epe6HUH, ,,
CropH MY ce KpyrµKa xpocKa,
"
CaM ce cnycHa no MOMaTa,
Uenyaa H a'qepHH oq0.,
MoMa 6Hra, nyJJ.o rom-r, ,,
Ta .ff cTHrHa Kpai-i K3JIHHKa, CTopH MY ce rpo3,!J.e so6e,

CerHa c'poKa, Ta SI xsatta, Ue.rrysa .ff

1
B K1mpH ycra,

11 .ff CTHCHa npe3 noJIOBHHa, C1opH MY ce rneKep BKycaa

Ba6a ,[(o6pa, c. Ts1>p,AHUa. Cps. C6HY," VI, 11

I ' ' i •

(HMaM aanucaHH .om.e mecT n~HH :;ia f!IOMa. Cps. BapHaHTHTe s C6HY, I ►
19,20; V, 19, 2t, 22; VI-, IO, H; VIII, 32, 34; IIIanK. N2 100; MHJI•.N'!! 616; AT.HJI.
N!! 172, 188, UH, 192, 194.)
KaKTO ce CJJYtJBa BCHKor·a, B'bB BCHKO ceJIO HMa MOMa, KO.HTO
BCHtJKHTe MOMU.H, MOMH H" xopa npH3H3B3T 33 Haii-xy6aaa. Ha raKaBa
MOMa JiasapKHTe nestT oco6tta neceH. A3 cnyrnax TaH neceH B H.HKOJJKO
PEJ1HI'H0 3HH OBH'lAH 535
cena, HO fl 3an1-1cax B c .lllHnKa, neHHa oT 6a6a llotta Y3ytt-HHKono sa.
TII ce nee Ha MHoro Hr·pHBa MeJJ0JJ.HH H KoraTo H rreHT JiaaapKHTe, Hr-
paHT He C8MO Jia3apKHTe-6yJIKH, HOH C3MHTe neaatJKH . T51 )l.HecKa ce
nee H Ha ro.11.eHHUa. ETo H:

Pa.11.0 Jie, Pa.11.Ke, J1a3ape, Ofl n'hpBo JIH6e! .TTa3ape,

T'httKa Tp1>CTHKal He CH JIH BH>K,ll.aJI,
M3Jie3 H8B'bHK8, flpHCHa CMeTaHa? ,,
Ta .11.a TH BHJJ.H, TaKoaa MH e
ToHKaTa cHara, EHJIOTO n1-1ue.
- Oil JIH6e, JIH6e, - Pa.11.0 ne, Pa.11.K~,
Oil nopso Jin6e! EHJia B3KJIYlllKel
He CH JIH BHJIBaJI, H3JJe3 ttaB'bHKa,
TnHKa TonoJia? Ta .11.a TH BHJJ.H
TaKaaa MH e 1.JepHHTe 0tJH,
ToHKaTa CHara. - Oft Jrn6e, JIH6e,
- Pa.11.0 ne, Pa.11.Ke, Oi1 n'hpBo JIH6el
BI1na, qepBeHal He CH JIH BH)KJJ.aJI,
l13Jie3 H8B1>HK8,
1.JepHn qepeurn?
Ta .11.a TH BHJJ.H,
6.SIJIOTO JIHUe,
TaKHBa MH ca ,,
- Oii JIH6e, JIH6e, 1.JepHHTe oqH.
C1lywaHa OT 6a6a .UoHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c . lllHnKa, 6a6a Mop<pa , c. ,Uepe-
KbOH, 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHOBHU.a, c . T0,!1.bOBIJ.H. CpB, BapHaHTH B C6HY, VI, 21.
N!! 4; AT. M.'l ., .N'!! 157

Ha M0M'hK
Opn KOJJe)J.apcKHTe neCHH, K0HT0 ce neHT. Ha .M0M'bK, noBetJeTo
Bo3IlHB3T HeroBOTO lOHatJeCTBO, CMeCeHO C .mo6oa; TYK npeo)l.OJIHBa
lJHCTa mo6oB C xy6ocTT3 Ha M0M'bKa.

TTopBa:
llH:t.niTpe Jie, nayHe! Jla3ape, - noH)l.H, )l.OH)l.H, n1-u.nnpe,
TTpomeT'hJI ce llHMHT'hp, Jla3ape,
KaTo eJieH no ropa, B'hB M0MHHCKa rpa)l.HHKa, ,,
KaTo nayH no noJie, flo)l. T0B3 )l.'bpBO l(3JIHHK3, ,,

BHJJ.eJIH ro )I.Be M0MH, .,, PyJJ.o HrHe ,na HJJ.eM,

Coe oKo MY MHrHaJIH, PyflHo BHHO JJ.t nHeM,
Coe poKa .My KHMHa..rrn ,, nae MOMH .n.a !'TJH6H111 !
CJJymaHa OT 6a6a Mopcpa , c . .UepeKooii, 6a6a .Uotta Y3ytt-HHKonona.
c. IJ1Hnxa . Cps . AT. M.1., N2 163
536 /1 .H M H T 'b P M 'A P H H O B

BTbpa:.
MoMoK MaHKa nnta, JJa3ape, C e.ntta T'bHKa pH3a, ..JJ;a~~pe,
- · M~iiKo, MHJia M3HKo! · ,, C e,1rna 6HJia .npexa; ,,
MeHe mo6Ht, MaiiKo, ,, Ha rocTe me Tpbrttelll, ,,
. Jl.o ,llSe M3JIKH MOMH: npea CeJIO me MHHell.l, ,,
" .
·E.nHata CH poMall.I Ka, CeJio me Te BH)IH, . ,,
Ho e xy6aaHua·, . vf me TH 33BH.llH: . ,,
.llpyrara · 6orarcirn,. " ,,AMa xy6aa ioHaK, ,,
AJia MHoro rpo3tta; no-xy6aeo JIH6el" ,,
CHpOM3ll.lKa HMa AKO, CHHKO, 3eMeW, ·. . ,,
EJI.Ha TbHKa p1-13a, BoraTcKa, HO rpoaHa, . ,,
E,nHa 6HJia .npexa; C .neaeT TbHKH pH3H, . ,,
BorarcKa1a HMa C .u.eaer---6eJIH JI.pexH, ,,
lleser TbHKH pH3H, Ha rocTe me H.nern, ,,
lleaet 6eJrn .llpexw. f)pea ceJio me MHHem, ,, ,.
KoH .na CH aeMa? CeJio me Te BH.llH, .· ,,
51 Maif Ka M)' K83Ba:· Ille TH ce npH~M'ee: ,,
- CHHKo, MHllIH c1rnel
. 3aJIJ06H CH' CH He, ,,KoJIKO · xy6ae ioHaK; ·"
Jlen_a CHpOMall.lKa, KoJIKo rpo3H0 JIH6el" ·"
CnymaHa OT 6~6a MapHH CHs-KoHosa, c. ManopaT, 6a6a Mopq>a, c:: ·Jlepe-
KbOH. Cps .. AT. Hn ., .M, 162.

. ·-Ha M0M'bK ce··ne.RT ow.e necirn, OT K,0HT0 B M051 C~OpHUK 33 ,C~M

3anHcaJI net: OT 6a6a MapH51, c. narnaKhOH, 6a6a Kairn, c. Ko3bKJIHce,
6a6a .Uo6pa-,- c. Taop.nuua, H 6a6a Myrna, ·c. PHrn. B c6opHHU.~Te .'la-
aapcKH neCHH ca H300HJIHH, o6aqe Te ca BCHtiKH Jil060BHH MOMHHCKH,
'KOHTO JI83apKHTe )lHeCKa ca npHCTIOC06HJIH K3TO 'Jia3apCKH neCHH no
'He3H3HHe, KaKBHTO cpemHaxMe H B KOJie,n·apcKHTe neCHH. TaKHBa
necHHCa: aC6HY, I,. 19,20,21,22,23; II, 19; IV, 15;v, · 2o;VI, 17;
MHJI. N!? 578, 614; 617; AT. 11JI. N!? 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163,
164, 165, 180, I 81 , 186, 187, . 193, 196, 197, 198, 199.

Ha HeB.RcTa

l.JepHOOKa HeBHCTO! Jla3ape, YIMaM C mo .na . rH .napyeaM:

ll{o CH paHo paHHJia, ,, . Jla3ape,
Ta CH .nsopH noMeJia? ,, Kosatt repiaH Ha rywa, • ,;.
HJIH' 4aKam Jia3apKH,. " TioJIHa K'hpna MaprapHT,
)la TH .nsopH noMeTaT? ,, "
- MeTeHH ca )J.Bopoae, ,, :1-IHCTO cpe6po HeJIHT0, ,,
Pe.neHH ca cToJioae, ,, BHTH rpHBHH Ha pnJle,,~ ,,
HeKa .llOH.ll.aT Jia3apKH. ,, 3JiateH npocTeH Ha npocT·H. ,,
CnywaHa OT 6a6a .LI.o6pa, C. Te'bp)J.HUa, 6a6a .LI.oHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c.
llIHnKa. Cps. IllanK., N2 10, 82, 97
P EJllf r H 0 3 HH -0 £ H f{A H 537
Ha HeBHCTa, KOHTO e T·py.nHa
Bee e3epo nocpe6pe1-10, -Cu p1'10, CH p~to, Hesec'.[Hue!
Jla3ape, · ; .Jl.a sape,
Kpai:uua MY 1103..'IaTeHH. A Ko po,n1-1lll M0MtJe1-1ue,
' " ,,
Cpe.n e3epo 3JI8THp Bef1Ka, . llf.e Te 06J1eKa Bl>B cpe6po,
., ."
flpe,n BeftKaTa w~pel-I o.n1>p, llf.e Te onall!a B1>B 3JiaTo,

H~ o~opa MJ1a,nw 51,HK:y.H, A Ko poAHlll M0MHqe,

51HKYJ1Hua . MY Ha KOJIHHO. llf.e Te o6JieKa B qepB~Ho~
,,,
51ttkyJI H .JJ.yMa. fOBOpH: . llf.e Te onawa B 3ene1-10.
. ,,
. CnywaHa oT ·6a6a lloHa Y:JyH-FIHKOJIOBa, c : IpnnKa, 6a6a necna, c. )lepe-
~axfe, 6a,6~ no6pa, C. TeopJJ.HU~.- Cps_. C6HY, VI, 15; lllanK . .N'!! 84, 97

Ha ,neTeHue
B KOH Koma HMa MaJIKO ,neTe, o6e3aTeJIHO Jia3a p.KHTe me neHT:
Of1 .nere1-1ue, npocTeHtie! Jla3ape, Ha Tpe1-1,naq>HJI · cymeHa, Jla3ape,
. l.f,e ~n1ta TH pH3HtJKa! " Ha 6ocHJieK .l(HITJieHa. ,,
·Ha 6HJI LI.y1-1aa 6ene~.a , ,, BcHKa ,nH11Jia-- Tpe1-1.naq>HJ1, ·,,
Ha MepMep K8MH.K 6yxa1-1a, ,, BcHKa )J.HITJia H KHTKa. ,,
uiywaua OT 6a6a no(>pa n 6a~a Mapnsr, c. TsopJJ.HU.a. CptJ. C6HY, VIII
29; IIIanK. N2 81

LI.pyra:
3acnano e .neTettue, 3 aMaH 3JtpaBo KaTo ~'Apaaeu; .
Jla3ape . .. Jla3ape,
y -~~JiaTeH?, JI_IOJitIHUa, Y BeHeUa _ KpHBO nepo,
" ,,
Ha·· rJiaBHua MY .no TPH BeHUH, KPJ:IBO nepo naynoBo,
"
)lo- 1:PH BeHUH 3eJieH _3,npaseu, ,,
n _ayHOBO, raJlyHOBO,
,,
Jla -e )leTe 3aMaH 3)].paBO, OKoTo MY nocpe6peno.
,,
Cnywaua OT CbUJ.HTe 6a6n s c . TebpJJ.Hlla, Cps. C6HY, III
Ha .neTe ce neHT ome HHKOJIKo necm-1. TaKHBa c1>M 3arrHca.n: ome
1.1eTHpH oT 6a6a LI.otta -Y3yH-HHKOJioaa, c. I111111Ka, 6a6a Myrna,
.c. PHw,. H 6a6a! /lpa.raHa, c. no.neec. Cps. aapHaHTH a C6HY,, III.
V, 11; AT. Hn., 223, 224. '
538 /1.HMH Tol' MAPHH OB

Ko.n.ero )KHBe.Sir rpnMa 6paT.SI 3ae.n.tto

1'fapacHaJIH .n.o tpH 6opa, Jla3ape, Cpe.n.e.H 6pareu 6ora M0JJ1-1: ,,

Jlo TpH 6opa H3BHllleHH, ,, - Jlafl: MH, 6o)Ke, CHB0 era.no, ,,
Ha B'hpxa HM .n.o TPH UB.SITa. ,, ,lla H3M'bJI33 rrp.HCHO MJHIKO, ,,
He ca 6HJIH .n.o TpH 6opa, ,, .Jla H3B8,llH np.HCHO MaCJIO, ,,
Ho ca 6HJIH .n.o rpH 6para, ,, ,lla OOJI3)K3 CHpOM3CH, ,,
Jlo TJ)H 6para, TPH 10ttaKa. CHpOM3CH H CHpauH, ,,
11 KJieTHTe B,ll0BHUH. ,,
Jlo TPH 6para 6ora MOJI.SIT, ,, Haii-MaJI 6pareu 6ora M0Jrn: ,,
Do-crap 6pareu. 6ora .MOJrn: _ ,, - ,llaii MH, 6o)Ke, ,no6pa K0HH, ,,
- Jlaii MH, 60)1(:e ;teeer pa JI a; ,, ,llo6pa K0HH, cpe6po, 3JI3T0; "
)la H3opa paeHo noJJe, . ,, .lla oru.n.a B Uap1-1rpa.n.a, ,,
)la HaceH qepHOKJJ3CKa, ,, ,lla npeKyn.SI BCHTe C0JIH, ,,
)la Haxpam1 CHpOMaCH, ,, )la OCOJIH CHpOM3CH, ,,
CHpoMacw H c11pauH, ,, CHpOM3CH H CHpauH, ,,
11 KJienne B,ll0BHUH. ,, H KJieTHTe B,Z{0BHUH.
wyrnaHa OT 6a6a no1rn Y ~1yn-HHK0.10~a, c . illHnKa, H OT 6a6a Bnp6a,
c. PeceH. Cps . aapHaUHSITa B IIJanK., N!! 114

Ha opaq

BcHqKo e MHJI0 H .n.paro, PaJioro MY cTparypKoBo.

Jla3ape, Jia3ape,
Karo ce npoJieT nyKttaJia, )Kermne MY 6ocHJIKOBH.

BcHqKo e H3JiesJ10 Ha noJie: "

EocHJJeK MH0fO MHpHrne,
CHBH roae.n.a a ropara, "
Ta BCHqKo )KHB0 C'b6y.n.H,
B paHH KOHheBe B noJiero,

Ha XHJI.ff)lHHUH OBqHII.H, ,,· BcHqKHTe 60)KH fa.llHHKH,

BcHtJKO e )KHBo, aeceJio, "
BcHqKHTe no Hero rp'hrHaJrn.
".
BcHq Ko Ha mnna rporHaJio
,, Bt HtJKH ce 6ory MoJiexa:
Opaq en ope a noJiero,
-· 51 tJYH HH, 6o)Ke, MOJI6ara!
DoJicKHTe qepHH yrapH,

DoJICKHTe paBHH ueJIHHH. " 51 )laH HH, 6o)Ke, no.n.apH:

OparttH MY soJJa attreJIH, H·a BCHtIKH 3)lpaae . 11 )KHB0T

,, Opaqy .n.o6'i>p 6epeKer!
CJJynrnHa oT 6a6a BnJIKaHa TieuoBHUa, c. J111rnKoao. Cps. sapHau1-u1 C6HY.
I, 23
P E JI H T H O 3 H H O E H 'I A JJ 539
Ha osttap
CTOHH CH cTa)lo pa3M3MBa, Kapa)l:ma, oaett aJJa,n:>Ka, .Tia3ape~
Jla3ape, llJ.o CH CT8)I.0TO npe)lB0:>K)la,
Ha Bp'bx Ha CTapa nJJaHHHa
CTO.HH CH C K3B8.TI 38CBHpH,
Bcpeit 0B1.JO noJJe urnpoKo,
,, KaT'cBltpH, c KaBa.;r rosopu :
TTpe,ZI. cTa)lo CTOHH B1>pBerne,

C Me)leH CH KaBaJJ CBH pew e.

Cwrtta CH poca 3apocH, ,,
Bp'bJia ro .n.pRMKa ttaJJertta,
"
nonerilaJJ CTOHH, Ta 3acnaJJ,
Ilo,ZI. cToJJoBaTo operue,
. CenHa ce CTOHH, c'bpy.n.H,
CHBo MY cra.n.o JJHncsaJJo .
norJJe)la rope- H )I.0JJY'
Huii.n.e CH CTa)lO He BH)l.H .
CTOffH ce KatJH, B'h3KaqH
Ha cToJJoBaTo operue,
PasrJJe,ZI.a rope H .n.oJJy,
CHBO CH CTa,ZI.o c1>rJJe.n.a,
B Kapa BJJa1IIKa ruHpoKa.
Ha KpbCT Mil CT3;10 Kp'bCTOC3H,.
T.a MIi CT8)].0T0 n0B'bpm-1, ,,
AKO MH CT8)I.0T0 TI0B'bpHew,
3B'bHeu.a w.e TH no3JI8TR'
PoroBe w.e TH nocpe6p51.
" 3B1>Heua w.e no3_JiaT51
)la nee K8T0 )l,eBOHKa;
Poroae w.e TH nocpe6pH
)la JJ'bW..HT K3TO CJJ'bHU.eTo.
)loqyJI ro e oBeH Kapa)I.:ma,
Kapa,rr.:ma oBeH, aJia)l:ma.
"
Ha Kp1>cT e cTa)lo Kp'bcTocaJJ ,..

BJJaCH ·MY cTaJJ.o ,D.eJJHXa, Ta CH e CTa)lO TIOB'bpHaJJ,

Ha )leBeT JIHJJa Typ.Hxa, H npH CTo.HHa )l0KapaJI.
OCT3H3JI OBeH Kapa)l:>Ka ,
Crrywatta OT _6a6a 8oJIK3H3 TieiiOBHUa , C. JhnaKOBO, H 6a6a C1,6 a, C. J1e-
CHJ].peH . CpB. eap1-1aHTa B C6HY, I , 21; V , 26

Ha oaqap ce neHT ow.e necHH. 3anHcaJI C'hM ow.e qen1p11, c.ny wa -

HH OT 6a6a MapHH CHa-KoHOBa , c. MaJiopaT, 6a6a MHt.Ja H JIHHt.JeBa ,
c . Ko3~p 6eJJe_
He, 6a6a llo6pa, c. Ts1>pJIHu.a .Cpa. aapHaHTHTe B C6HY,
VI, 19; VII, 16; AT . HJI., N!? 149, 150, 151, 152, 180, 185, 206 .

Ha non, BJJa)lnKa, 11ryMeH

JlyxoBHHtJe, KHH.)KOBHHtJe! Ta )I.0HecJia )l.O TpH KHHfH,
Jia3ape, .Ha3ape,.
JloTeKJJa e M'hTHa ao.n.a, E.n.Ha KH 1c:1.ra TIHCM0 nHrne:
:540 )X ff. M H r.·b .P M A fl H H OB

- Koii lie raq11 6ama, MaiiKa, ' B ffhK'bJI TJiee .no nom:a ...
Jla3ap~, _Jla~ap~,
B orbH ropH, n ffhKbJI .rJiee, Tpera KHHra IIHCMO ITHlne: .
B nbKbJI TJiee JJ.O KOJJeHe. -
"
Koii He TaQH cTapa KYMa,
.llpyra KHHra nHcMo muue: ,,
,,
- Kofi He raq11 no-crap 6pareu, B OfbH ropn, B'nbK'bJI TJieeI

B 'n1>K'hJI Tnee .n0. "

paMeHe.
B OfbH ropH, B IlbKbJI T.Jiee,

CnymaHa OT 6a6a Mo:-.ia CTecpaHOBHUa, c. ToJJ.bOBUH, 6a6a Mop<pa, c. ,llepe-

.KbOH, 11 6a6a To,!l.opa n. XpHCTOBa, c. JlHTaKoao. Cpa. aapHaHTa a AT. Hn.',-
l'i!! 131

.[lpyrH ome JlBe rreCHH, K0HT0 ce·•neslT ·Ha BCHK0 P.YX0BH0 JIHUe,
C'bM 3a11HcaJJ OT 6a6a TOHH, c. ·ttoao ceno, CeBJIHeBCKO, H 6a6a ruua
c. JleTHHUa, JlOBl.laHCKO. CpB. ' aapttaHTHTe ·B IIIanK·. N!? ·111; Mun:
.N2 586. Tmi: rrecHH noKa3BaT, qe ttallleTo J{yxoaeHCTBo ~··1opmrno
.Jia3apKHTe, JJ.0PH e npHeMaJJ0 H TeXHHTe 6Jiarono>KeJiaHHH,.-

Ha yqHTeJI (HHKOra rpaMaTHK)

TaH neceH .ce rreeJia HHKora Ha 'zpaMamwc, T. e. K3HJJ.H.l(at 3a

·-CBeiu.eHHK, KOHTO e 61m y,nqeJJ 11 IlOM0lll.HHK Ha csew.eHHKa . .

Ilpot.1y./I ce Haii)J.eH rpaMaTHK, .[la .z:r.oitq.e, . JI.a ro 3.anom1. ,

Jla3ape, ila3ape,
t{e 3ttae Mttoro JI.a t.1ere, ,, Haff,11,ett CH KHHra np011e-re.
JI.a qere ome JI.a nmne, . ,, II
Or BJia,U.HKara no-Mttoro. ,, na CTertta K0Ha KyJiama,
.Qr .n.eKa e )!-0llYJI BJia.U.HKa?
O6ne11e CH pyxo xypaso, "
TittcMo H3rrpaTH Hafi,11,etty: " Y 3e CH >K'bJITH >K'bJITHU.H,
,,
- .[leKa e Hai1JJ.eH Aa A0i-iJJ.e! TTa CH npH ·BJia,ll.HKa . 0TH,U.e.
' "
Haii.u.etty IlHCM0 npHCTHfHa; OT .u.a.11e1:1e MY ce 110Knam1,

Hatt,ll.eH e IlHCM0 0TB0pHJI,

"
Bna;:ufKa y IlHCMd IlHIIIewe: )K'bJITH ~'bJITHUH no,l{aaa.
"
.[leKa e Haft.n.ett Aa JJ.0HJJ.e,
"
- BJia)J.ttKa noae,ll.e HaiiAeHa, ·
"
P l! ;n, H r: IH O 3 H.-11 . 0 5 11 'l _A 11 541
y TIUI BJla.llH-WKH MeT0Cll, O6JietJe MY 1I1>ptta 11aHTH5i,
Jla3ape, Jla3ape~
,y Ta.H U'hpKBa . rnapeHa. · ,, Ta CH H aii){eHa 3an~nH.
06y . MY 6eJIH ~wpanH, ,,
. ~yrnaHa o~ 6a6a B1>JJKaHa neHoaa, c . JlHTaKoao, H 6a6a Map,rn: ,llo~peaa•·
TiaHanopmu.e. tpa . eapHaHTH a C6HY, III, 26; AT. H.11 ., .N9 227

DeHT- ce 0111.e HHK0JIK0 necHH; )].Be C'hM 33ITHC3JI OT 6a6a .IloHa

>Y3yH-HHKOJioBa, c . llinnKar H 6a6a Bnp6a, c. Ta1,p,nHua . Cpa. aa-
pnaHTH B CoHY, II~ 18; III, 27; AT. 11JI., N2 132.
Ha rpaJJ.HHaTa
(

MoM_HHCJ<aTa rpa)l.HHa e .B'I>STTHTa B M0MHHCKH.Te necm-1, 3aµ.J.0TO

,rpa)l.HH3Ta .e T.HCHO CB1>p3atta C M0MHHCTB0T0 Ha MOMaTa-; rpa.D.HHaTa H
·UBeT.flTa B He.H ca CBHJ).eTe.rrn Ha M0MHHCKHTe B1>3Jl.HWKH H HeHHB-
Te MetJni; :re ca cJiywaJJH tteHHHTe neCHH, HeHHHTe-B1>3.ZJ.liWKH ·11 tteA-
.HHTe paarOBOpH. £To 33lll.0 H JJa3apKHTe He Ca 3a6paBHJIH M0MHHC~a-
Ta rpa)l.HHa H ~BenJTa. A3 ;cpern.HaX H.HK0JIK0 neCHH, OT KOHT0 npe.na-
BaM TYK cJJe)lHaTa . necen.

Ha TpeHJ1.a¢HJJa
Jia3apKHTe BJJe3HaT D rpaJ).HHKaTa Ji 33CT8BaT 0K0JIO TO}! TpeH.
)laqrnJJ, ~0JJ. KOHTO ca ry}K;I.3JI}{ K0TeJJa HJIH Be)I.p0TO C np'bCTeHHTe-
TyK H3IlHBaT TaH .neceH.

llepBeno uaeTe, Jla3ape, Ha caMypeH KaJinaK, J]'a3ape,.

llepaeH TpeHJJ.acpn.lll Ha 61,p3a KOH.s:i;
Koii MH Te ca.l{H, .M aiiKa TH. Me HOCH
Koii Te noJJH~a? Ha 3JiaTHa xypKa;
- focnoJJ. Me caJJ.H, CecTp a TH Me KHTH
rocnOJI IlOJI.HBa. Ha pyca Koca; ,,
TaTKO TH Me HOCH, 6 paT TH Me HOCH
Ha caMypeH KaJinaK, Ha aJieH noH"c.
CnywaHa OT 6a6a JloHa Y3ytt- HHKOJIOBa, c. lllHnKa, 6a6a. C1,6a, c . JJecst--
.ApeH. BapHauusr llianK. N2. 104

Te}KKOTo·couHaJIHO noJio}KeHHe Ha 1-1awHTe ceJI.HHH no.ll TYPU.HTe,.

a oco6eHO TaM, J{eT0 e HMaJIO TypcKH rocrro.n.a pH, cy6aII1H, . Cf!aXHH 1i
,llp_yrH roJieMU.H, e np0,llHKTyBaJIO Ha Jia3apKHTe .n.a CKpOHT neCHH H 3a
THX, H aa Ka,D.'bHHTe HM. KaTo ca xo)I.HJJH no .npyrHTe K'hlll.H, Jia3apKHTe
He ca M0)KeJIH .n.a 3aMJU-13T KOHaKa HJIH KyJJaTa Ha 6eH-rocno.nap HJIH
Ha cy6amaTa H cnaxHHTa-Typ11HH H ca rreeJJH rreceH KaKTo HeMy,
TaKa H Ha xaH1>MaTa 14y.
TaKHBa necHH cpeJ..U.Hax B IllyMeHcKo. (Ba6a l1bBa He.n.eBa,.
c. CMH,llOBO, 6a6a )l(eKa BaHeBa, c. Pam, · 6a6a BacHJia CTaHeBHUa,..
542 aHMHT1 'P MA.PHHO B

c. MapKoBtia, 6a6a Bof1Ka CHMHOHOBa, c. BoHeop;a, H 6a6a nem1 D.o-

1:1oea, c. X1>pcoao.)
TaKHBa ·neCHH cpemHaX B TnpHOBCKO, CBHIUOBCKO (6~68 MHtta
HJIHHtieaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a Kepa )l(eJHI3KOBa, c. BaJIBaH,
T1>pHOBCKo), EneHcKo, BypracKo H BCHK'h}le. .
TaK'HBa necm-1 HMa » a MaKeJJ.OHHH: MHJI. N11 589, 590; 591,592.
Jla3apcKH necHH HMa ome:
Ha noaeu. TaKHBa 11MaM .u.ae. (6a6a MoMa CTecpaHOBHUa, c.
f O)J.bOBUH), KOHTO neceH ce neeJia HHKora Ha H3IIIHTe 6oJrn:pH. TaJ1
neceH )J.HecKa ce nee KaTo KoJiep;apcKa.
Ha Tep3HH. Tep3HHTa ceJICKH e IIIHeJI MOMHHCKHTe, 6ynqeHCKHTe
H ·lKeHCKHTe o6JieKJia; TOH Tep3HH rH wapeJI H IIHC8JI C'bC CBOHTe pa3.
HOUBeTHH KOHU.H. J1a3a pKHTe He ca MO>KeJlH p;a ro 38MHH8T. ETo 381IJ.O
'T 8MO, )J.eTo HM3JIO Tep3HH' neeJIH ca MY oeo6HH' necHH. TaKHBa ' C'bM
38nHcan TpH. (Ba6a Cn6a, c. JiecH.n.peH, 6a6a D.o6pa, c·.
Taop~Hua, H
6a6a Pyca KaJiyweaa, c. no.u.aec. Cps. aapHaHnc C6HY, III, 28;
V, 26; AT. J1JJ., N11 144, 200.)
Ha nproBeu: BepK., N11 203; AT. Mn., N11 142.
Ha 3JiaTap: AT. Hn., N11 143.
Ha rHMHJJ.>Klrn. AT. 11JI. , N11 141.
Ha apa6a)J.>KHH, KofiTo ce 3aHHMaaa c Te>KKa KHpHH. AT. Mn.,
.M 214.
· KaTo o6HKOJJHT BeHtIKHTe K'blll.H,Jia3apKHTe ce BpomaT B C'hIIJ.aTa
K'bW.a, OT,ZI.eTO ca TpnrHaJIH. TyK 3a IIOCJie)J.eH Il'bT me H3IleHT CJle,ZI.HaTa
neceH, np11.u.py}l(eHa c xopo OT 3a6yneHHTe na3apKH:
M1rno TI0He)leJim-1qe! Jfa3ape,
Mirna Harna pa3,ZI..srna! ,.
lUo ce 6HxMe cn6paJIH ,,
Bee e.n.ttaKBH .n.eaofiKH, ,,
Bee e.n.ttaKBH .n.eaoHKH, ,,
Bee e)J.HaKBH e)J.HOJIHKH, ,.
Bee e,ZI.HaKBO npeMeHeHIL .,
Kn ur.e .na ce pa3,neJIHMI ,,
CJiywaHa or 6a6a Ka;rn, c. Kn3'bKJIHce

MHoro Il'bTH Jia3apKHTe H3 Il'bTH cpeur.aT Il'bTHHK, KOHTO MHHaBa

npe3 ceJIOTO HM. Te ro enHpa.T, o6Kp'b>K8B8T ro H MY neHT TaH rieeeH:

TinTHH4e ne, .n.pyMHHtiel ·Jia3ape,

lJeeTHTa TH 6Hna TaH cpema, ,.
.[lero Te cp·eur.a MJiap; Jia3apl ,,
Tipep; re6e Jia3ap, cne.n. re6e Jia3ap, "
3p;paae H >KHBOT H }l06'bp K'bCMeTI "
CllywaHa -OT 6a6a Mop4>a, c. ;lJ.epeKbOA
PEJTHrH03HH 05HCJAH 543
Be4epTa K'bCH0 ce pa3JJ,eJIHT H ce crosapHT Kc)J.e Ha JJ.pyrHH JJ,eH -
Bpc6HHUa, )la ce Cc6epaT, 3a .na H3BcprnaT H BTOpHH o6peA - Ky-
.MHtieHeTO.

Jl) B p 1> 6 H H u a
lJepKoBeH npa3HHK: 11,BeTOHOCHa HeJJ,eJHI, npa3-
1-1yeMa B qecT Ha axo)J.a focno)J.eH B EpycaJIHM.
Ha ppJJ,eH npa3HHK: Bp7:,6Hul{a, l{eem1tul{a, KyKAu1toe1t.
HapO)J.HHHT npa3HHK Bpc6HHUa ce npeMHH8B8 C e)J.HH B3.>KeH
oope)J. 33 MOMHTe, Ha pe"LJ:eH KYMU'leH.e. .
KyMHtJeHeTo CTasa no TOH Ha"LJ:HH.
MOMHTe, K0HT0 ca XO)J.HJIH Ha Jla3ap, C'b6HpaT ce Ha Bpn6HHU8
Ha 0T.l{eJIH0 MHCT0 H 0TT8M Tp'hrBaT 38APY)KH0 33 peKaTa, 38ll.J,OTO
KYMH'LJ:eHE.T0 CTaBa caMo Ha peKa. IlOHHKora 6JIH30 )J.O ceJIOTO HHMa peKa
(TOBa ca -CJiy"LJ:aH C'bB'hpIIIeHO peJ{KH, 38ll.J,OTO Il0'LJ:TH BCH'LJ:KHTe cena ca
KpaH peKa), HO KOJIK0T0 H )J.aJieqe )la e peKaTa, MOMHTe TpH6Ba )I.a OTH-
J{aT Ha TaH peKa .
KyMH"LJ:eHeTo cTaaa . J-fJIH c KYKlla ( o6peJJ.eH XJIH6), HJiH c BeHUH
-0T a1,p6a. l1Ma H TpeTH cnyqafl, KoraTo KYMHtJeHeTO CTaBa C JI8JUr°iiKH
-OT nanyp, o6aqe TOH cJiyqaif MO)Ke )J.8 ce C'LJ:HTa K8TO H3KJIIOtJHTeJieH,
.331ll.0T0 e MHOro pHJl'bK., .
BcHKa MOMa, KOHTO HMa ;na ce KYMHtJH, TpH6Ba )la e npHrOTBHJia
oco6eH XJrn6 38 cJiytJaH. ToH XJIH6 ce H8pH'48 KYK/la, B HHKOH MecTa
ICpaeau, a HHK'b)J.e KOAGK. HaqepTaHHeTo Ha TOH XJIH6 e npe.ncTaBeHo B
cne)J.HHTe qenipH pHCYHKJr: NQ 215, 216, 217 H 218.
XnH6'hT, npeJJ.cTaaeH B pHc. NQ 215, ce Ka3aa KyKAa. Tsi ce MecH
B 3ana)1Ha BnnrapHH: JloMcKo, BHJJ.HHCKo H EenorpaJJ.11HmKo.
XnH6'bT, npeJJ.cTaBeH B pHc. NQ 216, ce K83Ba c1>w.o KYKAa H ce
.MeCH a JJ.pyraTa qacT Ha 3ana)J.Ha 6'bJirapHH: BpatiaHCKO, OpHXOBCKO,
a H B HHK0H cena B JloMCKO H nneBeHCKO.
XJIH61>T B pHc. NQ 215 e MeceH OT 6a6a EnKa, c. lJyrrpeHe, 6a6a
ITeHa XpHcToBa, c. CTy6en, H 6a6a TieHa, c. _ P aKosnua. Toil e HHUe-
BH)J.eu KBaCHHK, pa3nnecKaH; 01Tope ce rnapH c e)J.Ha TecTesa npc':{Ka,
YBHTa no H8'tJHH, K3KTO ce BH)K)la B pHCYHK8Ta; rope B Kp'brtJeTo,
KoeTo HSrJie)KJJ.a KaTo rnaaa, HMa TPH TonqeTa, npeJJ.cTaanemie Ha
.J{BeTe 04H H ycTaTa.
XJIH61>T a pHc. NQ 216 e MeceH OT 6a6a Map1u1 CHa-KoHoBa,
c. ManopaT, OpHxoacKo, 6a6a CaBa 11Bamiua, c . 6Hna CnaTnHa,
C'bW.0 OpHXOBCKO, H 6a6a C1>6a Bo11qeBa, c . Jleci,~peH. Toff ce M~CH
~w.o, C8MO qe B Kp'brqeTo - rJiaBaTa Ha KYKJiaTa, HMa U.BeTeu,.
KoraTO ce KYMH'tJ8T, TOH XJIH6 CH HOCH BCHKa MOMa Ha peKaTa,
AeTO µJ.e cTaBa KYMHqeHeT0; H TaMO C H0.>KJie ce OTKpOHBa U.BeTeU.'bT B
pHc. NQ 216 H oqHTe c ycTaTa, T. e. TPHTe TonqeTa B pHc. N2 215; THX,
K.aKTO w.e BH)l.HM T}'K no-Jl,oJiy, TY praT Ha 6yxaJIKaTa, HJIH, no-)J.o6pe
lra3aHO, C THX ce ICYMHqaT.
5'44 JJ., H M H T 'b P M A P H H O B

XnH6oT, npe)lcraeett e pHc. Ng 217, Hoen HMeKpaeati . Ton ceMe-

CH B CBHIUOBCKO (c. Ko3ap 6eJieHe), TopHoBcKo (c. PeceH n c. BaJJ-
BaH), B fa6poecKo (c. TonJiew), B Ka3aHJ1'hWKO (c. lllHnKa). Toii ce
Mecn OT CbI.IJ.HTe 6a6H,Beqe cnmteHaTH TOJ1KOB3 n'hTH B pet1eHnTe CeJJa.
Toit ce npaBH OT e)J.Ha no-JJ.e6eJ1a H no-)lo.rira TecTeea np'ht1Ka H ce yeirna
BbB cpopMa .na npe,ncT3BJI.SIB3 KYKJia; Kpam.11.aTa ca H3KpHBeHH ·B KpH-
BHUH, a rope B KpbrtJeTo, npe,ncTaBJUIBamo r;,11aeaTa Ha KYKJiaTa, HMa
UBHT. TOH llBHT MOMaTa ea.nu C HO:>KtJe H C Hero ce KYMHtJH .
Xm16'bT-, npe,ncraeeH e· pHc. Ng 218, Hoen HMe KO,zaK. Toii e
Mecett B TiaHanopm11.e or 6a6a Maputta .ITo6peea nepcpattosa. Tos
KOJJaK e KBaCHHK, OMeceH B'bB BH)J. Ha Sl}iUe H cn.necKaH; B cpeJJ.aTa
MY TecTeB UBHT. Toft ce o6Kp'b)KB3 C TecTeBa npol.lKa B'bB BHJJ. Ha Jl'bK
H.C'bC 3aKpHBeHH Kpanma; J]..OJIY Ha np'bttKaTa H XJISI6a HM3· UBHT. IlpH
KYMHtJeHeTO MOM3Ta ea.nH ueeTa Ha cpeJJ..aTa H C Hero ce KY~UlllH .
Bc.HKa MOMa aeMa K)'KJiaTa, KpaBaH HJIH KOJ18K3, YBHTH B tJHC1"
MecaJI,· H OTHBa Ha peKaTa. TyK H36HpaT MHCTO, ,neTo BO)J.8TI TetJe nd-
THXO. BcHK8 MOM3 C'bC CBOHT8 6pHTBH'IJK3 (HO:>KtJe) H3pH3Ba T'bHKa
Kopa OT XJU16a, KaKTO ce K83a, Ha KOHTO KOpH'4K3 TpH6Ba ,na 60.lle
BeHeU'bT HJJH OtJHTe C ycrara (B pHC. J\J'g 215), H THS1 3aJI'bUH ry::H<JJ.3T Ha
6yxaJIK3Ta. KoraTO 33JI'bUHTe ca Hape.neHH, e)l.H3 MOMa me H8THCHe
6yxaJJK8Ta .na IlOT'bHe_H 38JI'bUHTe IlJIHBHaT B'b pxy BO)I.aTa. KaTo TIJIHB-
HaT, BO)laTa rH nottece. Cera rJJe,naT ttHH .38JI'bK e OTHIII'.hJI naii-HanpeA,
Ta.SI MOM3 ce npH3HaBa 3.a KYMUl{Q .
B c. TBopJJ.HII.3 BCHK3 MOMa --CJiara C_BOH 33J11;>K H3 Jl.'bCllHU3 H
BCHl.lKHTe ,Zl.'bCtJHUH ce nycKaT e.nHoBpeMeHHO BbB BO)I.aTa H rJie,naT
tIHH P.'l>CtIHII.3 e BapHaJia .ztpyrHTe. .
c
B IlaHar10pm:ue 3aJI'bKa CH BCS1Ka MOMa Bp'b3B~ 1.1epsett KOHeu u
~a Kotteua napa; nocJie rH cJiarar Ha 6yxaJIKara, noTonsar H H KaTo
IlJIHBHaT 33JI'bII.HTe, r.ne,u.aT tJHH 3aJI'bK me OTH,ZJ.e HaH-Hanpe,u..
B c. .61,3oseu, JloMcKo (npece.neHH H3 PyMomrn), MOMHTe ry}KJJ.aT .
3 3JI'bK8 CH Ha Tpectrnua, nymar TpecKHTe .CbC 38.TI'bKa H r Jie,ZJ.aT 'IHSI
TpecKa me napHe .ztpyrHTe. .
TaMo, ,u.ero craea KYMHtJeHeTo c eetttJet,f OT Bbp6a (MaparnKH
TpocTeHHK, flJieBeHcKo; KHnHJIOBo, EJI_ eHcKo; Mapxoeqa H X 1,tpcoBo,
IllyMeHCKo; CJIHBencKo, Crapo3aropcKo, XacKoBcKo, Axopt1eJie6Hii-
cKo), me OTH,ll.8T Ha peKaTa H T3MO, 'K8To · ce npHrOTBSlT BCHqKH, -me
nycHaT e.nttoBpeMeHHO BCHqKHTe BeHl.leTa B'QB BO,ZJ.aTa H noc.ne rJieJJ.a'f.
tJHe aeHtJe I.Ue H3npeaapH ,npyrHre.
B c. KHnHJIOBo BeHUHTe ry)K.n.ar . Ha 6yxam<a H TaH 6yxanKa
nOTODBaT B'bB BO,ZJ.aTa H BeHII.HTe DJIHBHaT.
B.. c. no,u.aec, c. Bpecoao H ,u.pyrH HHKoH'. cena KYMHtJeH~O c1aea
C J18)1.HHKH OT nanyp. Bc.HKa MOM8 B3eMa CTp'bK nanyp, H3.IJ.'bJt6aea ro
KaTo Jia)J,HHKa H Karo OTHJJ.aT na peKaTa, BCHtJKH nycKaT na)1,Hih<'Hre
e)lHOBpe1rteHHO H rJie,lJ.aT l.lH.ff. JI8.l1.HHKa I.Ue H3rrpesapH JJ.pyr11re.
lJuA saJI'bK, qJIH aeneu H tJHH Jia,lJ.HHKa e H3npesapirna ,lI.pyrH're .....
TaSI MOMa ce npornacsrna sa KYMHU.a (Kp'hCTHHUa). KoraTO•Tp1>rsaT sa
PEJIHI'H03HH OEHI.JAH 545
peKaTa, MOMHTe, H3JIOBeHH npes paMeHeTe CH B ).J.Be BepHr"H, B'bpBHT H
a xop neHT cJie,nttaTa neceH:

B OMH0:!;33 MaJI'e, Ta ttyJia JIH CH,

lie BOHi-IO H,lle OT ,naJiettHa TI'hTH?
11 Kapa BOHHO .no TPH I<OtJHH
( K3JIHCKJ-f):
E,nHa KO'lJH.H - BOHHO C HeB.HCTa,
.U pyraK0'4IHI - 6HJia npeMHHa., ·
T pt-ra KO-lfHH - Te:>KKO HMaHe.
Cnywatta OT 6a6a TieTpoeilua, c. EpyceH, 6a6a C,1,6a BoiitJeea, c. Jlonsrn,
6a6a B'hJIKaHa Tieiioenua, c·. JluTaKoeo

KaTo CTHrHaT Ha peKaTa, npe,nH .na notJHaT KYMHtJeHeTo, MOMRTe

BCHtJKH ce HaJiaBHT H HrpaHT xopo, K8TO neHT CJie,nHaTa neceH:

3JiaTa MOMa, 3JiaTKal BHxpymKa ce cBHJia,

3JiaTa Jla3a p XO,llH, 3JiaTKa CH H3.l{HfHa.
3MeHKO rroKpai'i He.ff xo.nH 3JiaTKHHHTe tJeXJIH
11 -Ha-3JiaTKa .nyMa·: TTo He6o XB'b pqexa
- 3JiaTo, 6am ,neBOHKO, KaTo ,nBe opJieTal
3miTKe, rrpHCTaHH MH! 3JiaTKHHH raATaHH
3JiaTK3 3Mei'iHy ,nyMa: Ha 3eM.H JieTexa
- CTotJeKai'i Me, sMeHHO, Ka'to JiacTOBHU.H.
Jiasap ,na rroxo.nR, KoH· MOMa HHMa?
KyMa ,na KyMyBaM 3JiaTKa MOMa HHM8.
.llop 3JiaTKa H3.llyMa,

6a6a BoJIKaHa TieHOBHUa MH H3TTH Ta.Sl ne~eH Ha e.zI.Ha MHOfO

nrpHBa H OM8HH8 MeJIO,llHH; xopOTO ce Hrpae KaTo e,ntrn BH)J. potJeHHUa
Ha MHCTO, C3MO Hanpe)J. H H338,ll ,no TpH-tJeTHpH CT'bTIKlL ComaTa nec-
HHtJKa MH npo.nHKTYB?Xa 6a6t1 ·c o6a 60:fiqeaa, c. JionH.H, 6a6a TieTpo-
BHUa, c. 6pyceH, . TeTeBeHCKO, H 6a6a MapHH, c. TiaIIJaKbo:fi . (~p.a.
BapHaHTH B C6HY, III, 33.)
KaTo cBoprnaT TaH neceH, npHCT'hIJBaT K'hM KYMHtJeHeTo, KoeTo
cTaBa, KaKTO onHca~Me no-rope. KaTo ce caoprnH KYMHtJeHeto, cera
aeqe HMaT KYMHUa H MOMHTe ce He 60.HT OT 3Mei'i·. .llo,neTo ce CBopurn
KYMH.tJeHeTO, BCHtJKH ce 60HT, qe 3MeH MO}Ke OT HeBHAHHO )J.a ,llOJleTH
JI )J.a rpa6He HHKOH MOMa; cera aeqe TOH CTpax HHMa.
ETo 3amo cera ·ca BeceJIH. CMeHT ce myMHO, HaKHXBaT, BHKaT
cKatJaT ,H BCHKa naK CH B'b p3B3
. '
KOJiaKa _HJIH KY~JI~Ta B Mecana H ce
ttape:>K)J.aT nai< a )J.Ba peJJ.a, yJioBeHH 3a paMeHeTe, KaKTo H no-npe-
JJ.H, HO cera KYMHUaTa BopBH . ttanpe,n, a Te cne.n He.H. I(aTo ·a1>p-
BHT }13 ffbT.H, ueHT c~e,llHHTe neCHJ-f:

35
 JI.HM HT1'P MAPHiffO"B

. Ilnpea:
1

KyMa, icyMa, KYMHUe! )la Hape.llHIII cToJioae,

CaMa CH ce KYMHJia . . )la H3C.H,lJ.3T KMeToBe, -
PMKa ce na,n.Ha KyMifua, KMeToBe, orn.e KMeTH UH
KyMi-u.1.a, cTapa ceaTHUa. Cnc aJieHH cyKHHUH.
Hanpe.n, Hanpe,ll., · KYMHuel )la pa3pe)lHT :>K'hJITHUH,
Hanpe.n CH ce na.nttaJia, )la OOHH:>KaT KYMHUa
Ta rn.ern ttanpe.ll )la H;tern, OT neTHTe Jl0 Bbp:Xa.
Jla. noMeTern ,lJ.Bopoee,. .
Cnymaua oT 6a6a BoJIKana TTeifoeuua, c. JIHtaKPBO, 6a6a JloHa Y3yH-
Hutonoea, c. Illunica, H 6a6a MapH}I, c namaKbOH. Cpe. eapHaHTa e AT. 'Hn.,
N!? 3ll .
Jlpyra:. ,
PMa To.ll-opy .llYMarne: )KaJIKO 33CBHJ>H B CBHpKaTa . ·
- To,lJ.ope, JIH6e To.nope! . y Tpe w.e TeH.KO )la MHHe,
H TYH JIH )la Te ttay1rn? · lll.e MHHe H re6e me BH.ztH.
,ll.ttecKa e cBeTa He.neJrn, . ,ll.c;>Ma me TeHKO )la )lOHJJ.e,
YTpe e .neJIHHK, IlOH)leJIH.HK. lll.e JJ.OH)J.e, Ha CTOJI w.e cz.eJrne,
CTam-1 cH patto B noH)leJIHHK, Ha MaMa THX<> w.e Ka>Ke:
O6bpHH KOJia rnapeHH, - ,ll.e rH.ZJ.H ToJJ.op, )le rHJJ.H 10~aK!
HaTB3pH apeUHOB ·C'bC )KHT0, Karo noKapaJI KpHB0T0 . paJio,
Ta H.llH B noJieT0 Ha HHBa, . K3T0 38CBHPHJI C _KOCTeHa CBJ1pKa!
Ha HRBa 6arn.Htta H .Maii11HHa. BcH11Ko aeceJIH a nmpoKo ~none,
KpenKo noKa pail pa JI OTO; HeKa JJ.a)leM PaJJ.Ka ToJl~p,r.' .
Cnyrnaua OT 6a6a JI.o~a, c. KoHaK, EcKH~>KyMa:iicKo. Cpe; eapuaHTa e
C6HY, VII, 21 · .
KaTO CTHfH3T B )l0Ma Ha M0MaTa, KO.SITO e cTa~aJia KYMHI(a, cnH-
par ce Ha apaTHHKa HJIH H~ nopTHTe. J].OM3lliHHTe Ha K,YMHll3T3, :npeA-
H3BecTeHH, qe T.HXHaTa M0Ma e CT3l\~Jla KYMHIJ.3, npHr~B1:1.JlJI ca
. H36'bp30 ;u.a nocperu.HaT rOCTHTe Be)J.HO C Kyt.rnu.aTa. AKO e BJ).el,leT0
' xy6aao, npHrOTBHT H3BbHK3 B,,ll.Bopa IlO.ll H.HK0e JlopBo HJIH Il0)l .KQWa;
a~o JIH e )lb>K,ll,eJIHBO - npHrOTB.HT Bbtpe. .
·TyK npeA· apatHTe H3Il.HBaT necE:HTa:
Xa1;p11u, MeTHH H6'hJIKa! K:yMHUe, B ropao ceno 3a )l.HKa. KYM·Hue,
. !lero uaAae :S16'bnKa, ,,A3H He H~~ 3a nona, ,,
TaMo TH rn.e JJ.a H,lleui .- ,,H HTO c~ Huia 3a JI.HK a, . ,,
peqeTe •MY JI.a .AOii~e!· ·.. ,, H()Jlo .CH· HUI.a ·opa11a. ,,
Kamm MY ca H-8B0H,
..Jlom'hllf, ' KeJ:f.Glll'bJI, ropKo My! ,,
6eJIH MY ca xm16oee.
,, ,,
·Mette e . Ma«Ka:crOl{Hurn: ,,Onp.a-w.e ·MY R3BOH, i,
B .i{OJIHO ceJIO 3a nona, " I-fa~ ..w.e •MY XJH16oae. ,,
. Cnymaua OT 6a6a I<an1111Ka KeHeea: c. TTOABec, H oT 6a6a ·Jl.oHa YsyH-
. HnKonoea, c. IIInnKa
PEJ1HI'H0 3HH OEHC/AH 547
KaTO BJI.Sl3aT B'bTpe, rn.e H8C.Sl)laT Ha CTOJIOBeTe H BCSIKa rn.e OTBHe
.CBOH KpasaH, KYKJia HJiH KOJiaK H rH JJ,aBaT Ha )lOMalllHHTe, KOHTO rH
Ha~po6saT B naHHU.a, noJIHBaT rH C Bp.SIJia BO)la H .Sl)l8T nonapa·
KaTo ce HaH)laT, BCHllKHTe CTaBaT H Hrpasn nocJie)lHO xopo C'bC
~JieJJ,HaTa necett: ·

MHoro 3JJ.pase Ha MOHTa MaHKa, . ]leTO HrpaT MOMU.H H )leBOHKH,

HeKa cTaHe paHo Ha Bp1>6miu,a, X opo BO)lH n peMJia)la K)'MHU.a .
HeKa HJJ.e B'bB ropa 3eJieHa, . . JI.a CH .na.ne Ha MOMa no cipoqeu,,
..Ua Ha6epe 3.IlpaBeu. ropcKo u,BeTe. Ha KYM.HU.a u,HJia pocHa KHTKa,
HeKa CJie3e JJ.OJIY B'bB ceJioTo, 3 am.OTO e MOHTO n'h pBO JIH6e.
CnywaHa OT 6a6a noHa Y3yH-HHKOJioea , c. lll1mKa, 6a6a · KaJIHHKa•
-c. TToAeec. Cpe . eapHaHT e AT. 11JI., .N2 312 ·

CJie.Zl KaTO CB'bplllaT xopOTO H necmne, BCHqKH ' HaCSI)laT Ha -Kpor

H 38B'bplllaT KYMH1IeHeTo C'bC CJie)lHHTe .n pH n e BK H. THH_npHneBKH
HHM8T HHllJ.O o6rn.o C JI8)lB8HeTo H neeHeTo Ha npocTeHHTe; TYK ee npH-
nHBaT MOM'bK H MOM.a, 38 KOHTO BCH1IKH 3HaHT, 1:1e ca mo60BHHU,H.
MoM1:leTaTa, KOHTO me 6'b)l8T_ npHn.SIBaHH, npHC'bCTByBaT H3CH)la-
.JIH l-{ npa.BH'.1' BTOPH Kp'br OKOJIO Kp'bra Ha MOMHTe.

ETO TH.SI npHneBKH:

1.
'
Pe.n ce.naT MOMH H MOMU.H,
PeJJ. .naaaT no ae.npo BHHO,
Jlparoii JJ,aaa no JI.Be ae.npa,
Ta JI.a ceJJ,He .no 6.s1Jia PaJJ,Ka.
.(TyK MOM'hK'bT JI.par.OH e npHnHH
.3a Pa)lKa, 3a111.0To MY e mo6oBHH-
.ua HJIH me 6oJI.e.)
3
CHHhO, 6s:1JI0 useTeHu.e,
Ha JJ.pyMa CH HHKHellle,
HHKHellle ome I..J.'hq)Terne.
.MHHa eJieH, onaca ro:
CHHhO U.BeTe 3JiaTaHKa,
CypH eJieH Jl.paroHKo .
(3JiaTKa e npHneHHa 3a ,Upa-
roHKO.)

.Bo)la Te1:1e HH3 6HJI K8M'bK,
Tiet1Ka Taqa )la H8JIHBa,
)la . CH HOCH Ha CTOHHa
)la cH nHHe CTYJI.Ha BOJI.a,
Jla pa3XJia)lH KJleTo Copu.e.
{Ty~ ce np1u1.s1aa TTettKa coc
CToHHa.)
4.
J..LoCpH8JIO e J{OKH'Ie
Y 3JiaTKHHa rpa)I.HHKa,
Beqep ro 3JiaTKa noJIHBa,
CyTpHH ro <;:TaMeH o6Hpa.
(TyKa 3JiaTKa ce np1fnSIBa 3a
CTaMeHa.)
 548 P.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

5.
l1.'h¢TH MH, U'b<pnf, 6oCHJIKO, IUe ce,nHaT no.n Te6 Ha__ C.HHKa, .
.IT.a TH ·He BeXHe KopeH'bT~ BoJiqaH c TTeTKaHa we ce.nHaT .
l.J e w.e ,noif,naT .u.sa MJia,nH, (I yK ce B'bJJtlaH npHIUIBa sa IleiKaua.)

TaKHBa npHneBKH npo,n'bJI.>KaBaT, .u.o.neTO ce npHrre.HT BCHlJKHTe

MOMH, KOHTO ca KyMyBaJIH . (CJiyrnaHH OT 6a6a TTeTpOBHUa, c. BpyceH,.
OT 6a6a BoJIKaHa TTeifosnua, c. JIHTaKoBo, 6a6a ,UoHa Ysyn-HHKOJlo -
Ba, c. IllHnKa. CpB. sap1rnUHH B C6HY, III, 44; VII, 122, 123; VIII,.
39; -IX, 31; )I( . c1ap., I, 141.)
Cne.n TOBa npHnHBaHe ce CB'bplUBa KYMHt.JeHeTO H BCHqKH ce
pa30THBaT. THH MOMH _o 6aqe "B 3HaK Ha yaa.>KeHHe K'bM CBO.HTa KYMHU.a
rose.HT H, T. e·. He roaop.HT HHKaK B HeHHO npHC'bCTBHe. Toaa roBeHHe
Tpae .no BeJIHK){eH, KOfaTb BCHlIKH OTHBaT C KOJiaU~ H ToraBa pasro-
BflBaT.
B c. JIHTaKOBO, KaTo ce B'bpHaT .MOMHTe OT KYMHqeHeTo C KYMH-
uaTa B ,lJ.OMa H, Bp'b3BaT JIIOJIKa, KO.SITO B TOH cJiyt.JaH e o6pe.u.Ha,- rrpo-
.llHKTyBaHa OT HapOJlHOTO BflpBaHe, qe no~Jie KYMHt.JeHeTO TpH6Ba
BC.HKa .u.a ce IlOJIIOJiee. Ha Ta.SI JIIOJIKa ce JIIOJieflT BCHlJKH, HO HaH-Harrpe,ll
KYMHUaTa. ,llo)leTO e.zrna MOMa ce JIIOJiee, .llPYfHTe, Hape,l1.eHH B pe.llHU.a
33.ll JIIOJIKaTa, ne.HT TaKaBa rreCHHlJKa: .
KpoTKO JIIOJieihe KYMHUaTa I
KpolllJIHBO e .nopBoTo,
K 'bCJIHBo e B'b)f5:eTo,
KaMeHHTO e M.HCTOTo.
'
T. e. ]la He ce c1:1ynH .zr.opBoTo nJIH CK'bCa B'b:>KeTo, Ta .na na,rr.He Ha KaMe-
HHCTOTO MHCTO n: .zr.a ce y6He. ,Uo,rr.eTo ce JIIO·JieflT, ,ZJ.OMalllHHTe Ha KYM_H -.
uaTa Ha6op30 npHrOTBHT KonpHBa H KatJaMaK, C KOHTO HafOCTBaT
BCHlJKHTe MOMH.
. ,,KyMHtJeHeTO CTaaa sa s.npaBe H-6epeKeT"- Ka3Ba 6a6a BoiIKaHa.
,;KyMHtJeHeTO CTaBa ,na aarrasH M,,OMaTa OT 3MeH; KO.SITO MOMa ce KYMHlIH,.
HeH 3Mei1: He Mo:me .zr.a rpa6He 13eqe'' - KasBa 6a6a Mn:qa 11JIHHtJeaa,.
c. Kosap BeJieHe. ToBa YTBop,rr.nxa 0111.e H 6a6a Kepa )KeJI£3KOBa,
c. BaJIBaH, 6a6a Bop6a, ·c. PeceH, 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHOBHUa, c. To-
.llbOBUH, 6a6a ,[{oHa YsyH-HHKOJio aa, c. IllHnKa. Te YTBop.ZUixa 0111.e,.
qe MOMa, KO.SITO He Jiasapyaa H He ce KYMHlJH, He MO.>Ke .na ce MOMee:
aKo ce o.>KeHH 6es KYMHtJeHe, naK 111.e H rpa6He 3Meif Karo 6yJIKa.
B c. no.neec, Kap.HOOaTCKO, H B c. I.I,epoBa KOpHH, TopHOBCK·o,.
. Be.llHO C M_OMHTe KYMHlJaT ce H' MOMUHTe. B no.zrnec H36HpaJIH sa
Kp7icmxwc MOM'bK. Ho TOBa npe,ncTaBJI.HBa 'e)lHO H3pa:m.u.aHe _Ha KYMH-
tJeHeTO n: .llOKa3Ba, qe TOH o6pe.n e Ha H3lJe3BaHe OT THH ceJia. KyMHiie-
PB. JIHI'H03HH 05Hf/AH 549
ue:ro ~ ,OOpeJJ. M0MHHCKH H TaMO .HHMaT yq_aCTHe M0MIUl'l'.e. Te H}J.BaT,
l{O CJJe}J. KaTo ce CB'bplllH KYMHlleHeTO H H)I.BaT B )I.0Ma Ha KYMHUaTa,
KoraTo Il0tIBaT HaneBKHTe HJIH npHneBKHTe.·

e) B _o e Heu
n pe3 BeJIHKHTe nocTH He ce Hrpae ·xopo, T. e~
xopo cKnoneao, _K p'hr, a TaHeu HJIH nii irnpe11eH9 6oe1-tetf.
· Ilocne CHpHH 3arose3HH M0MHTe ce c1>6HpaT H noqsaT .u.a ce npH-
roT0BJIHBaT 3a 6oeHetf HJIH 6oeHUK - 06.pe.u., KOHTO HalIHHH ot Cpe.n.o-
Il0CTHHU.a,a B BypracKo - oT Cs.40. B 6oeHeua HJIH 6oeHHKa y11acTsy-·
BaT caMo M0MH H ce C'bCT0H B HrpH H neCHH, K0HT0 ce ne.SIT H Hrpa.SIT
CaMO npH TOSI o6pe.n.. .
IlpHrOTOBJieHHHTa 3a 6oeHeu.a, Ha Il'bpB0 MHCT0, CTaBaT )J.a ce
rt0BT0p.SIT necHHTe, K0HT0 TpH6Ba JI.a ce neHT npH 1-irpaHeTO 6oeaeu.;
Ha BTopo MSICT0 - ,ll.a H36epaT M0Ma 3a 6oeHeu.. O6HKHOBeHO 6oeHetf
crasa M0Ma, K0HT0 e 0TB0peHa, He cpaMe>KJil•fBa, a npH T0Ba M'b>KKa-
pHua, T. e. Jta HMa noxsaTHTe Ha M0M'bK: n'hprasa, 10aaqHa H 6e3-
cTparnHa. TyK 6oeHeU'bT Hrpae poJIH -Ha MJia)t0>KeHeK HJIH, KaKT0 ro
K33BaT ·s PyceHCKO, aem. Ha- TpeT0 MHCT0 H)I.e )ta H36epa'i'6yJIKa.
3a 6y1uw, ce H36H-pa M0MH'le MaJIK0 OT 8 )tO 10-rOJJ.HlllHa B'b3pac-r~ HO '
r Jie,lJ.aT, UJ.0T0 TYH M0MHtie JJ.a e MaHlIHHO H 6arn.HHO, T. e. p0JJ.HTeJnne.
MY JJ.a ca }KHBH. Ha tieTB'b.pTo· MHCT0 HJJ.e .u.a ce H36epaT nec11,onoi1Kume,
T. e. M0MH, K0HT0 3HaHT )106pe KaKT0 6 0 e H CK H ·Te ' n e CH H, .
T'hii° H TeXHHTe MeJI0JJ.HH,·Il0 K0HT0 neCHH H MeJI0}J.HH lll,e HrpaHT 6yJIKaTa
.H (>oeHeU'bT. THH neCHOilOHKH ca tieTHpH .H KOraTO ·neHT neCHHTe, CT8•
BaT ,ZJ.Be H JJ.Be C 0tIH, -O0'bpHaTH e)I.HH K'bM _JJ.pyrH.
0 6 JI e K JI o H _ T _p y q> H JI o ·H a 6 o e H e u. a H '5 y JI-
K a Ta. O6JieKJ'IOTO H Tpyq>HJiaTa K8KT0 Ha 6peHeu.a, T'bH H Ha 6yJIKaTa
11rpa.SIT MHoro Ba}KHa ponH, 3arn.0To B TOH c_ J iyqaii Tyii o6JieKm:~ H Tpy-
<PffJiaTa ca o6peJJ.HH.
O6JieKJIOTO H TpyqrnnaTa Ha 6yJIKaTa H 6oeHeu.a s PyceHCKO ca
pa3JfHqHH OT o6JieK·JioTO H Tpyq>HJiaTa Ha 6ynKaTa H 6oeHeua B Byp-
TacK·o. · ·
B PyceHcKo (c. CTap CMHJI, TyTpaKaHcKo), .n.eTo cpemuax ·6oeHe-
ua, HM3 TaK0Ba o6JJeKJIO, PoKJI.HTa ii e OT UtaM aAaaaJCa - MaTepHH
Ha np'l;,tIKH HJIH 6eJie3HHBa; OTJ{0JIY e o6JietJeHa B M'b)KKa pH3a, a 01TO-
pe B 'meHcKa ~ lllHp0KH p'bKaBH; TH.SI }J.Be pH3~ ca 3anacaHH C poKJIS_ITa.
TI_p_e~ Kp'bCTf1 e onacaHa C nysyHRK, T. e. C K0JiaH H nacpn1, 38 KOHTO
~oJiaH OKOJIO pOKJISl'l'a ca H8Ka1JeHH pa3JIH1IHH mecmu.MeAU (Kopm:i).
npe3 T'bp,ZI.HTe HMa Kp'bCTOCaHH }J.Ba KOJiaaa C .no-ro.neMH na<P'J'H.
Ha rymaTa ca aaa1>p3aHH rep.n.aaH OT 6e.hH napH, aapeqeHH pynooe
(~Tape TypcKH anTaJJ'bJl'bUH H CTapH aBCTpHHCKH UBaHUH }{ aacTpHHCKH.
T~nHpH); TH.SI pynoae, KaTo Hrpae 6oeaeu1>T, y.n.pstT ce o naq)T11Te u
4poHKaT CHJIH0. Ha rnasaTa CH HMa M'b>KKH KaJinaK, K0HTO e 0KHtteH c
neWKHp H napH.·.
550 .QHMHT'bP MAPHHoB

Ha paM0TO CH HOCH n0-)J.'bJira To.sira. - KAIOHK, K3K'bB.TO e n-p,n

KyKep1-11e, C3M0 qe Kp3.HT Ha KJI}9HK3 TYK e OT )KeJI.ff30; KJJIOHK'bT' e
YBHT C 6HJI nernKHp HJIH c-·H.HK0ramHHTe T'bK3HH H Be33HH yqKypa .
(ralll,HHU.H); HHK'b)J.e K3Jin3K'bT e OKHqeu C Beueu., H3 KOHTO BHCHT
napH.
ByJIKaTa e M3JIK0 M0MH'-le, 06J1e11eno B o6HKHOBeHH M0MHHCKH,
ceJICKH ,npexH, C3M0'-le ca H0BH H '-IHCTH; npeeeceH0 -e HJIH 3a6yJieHo c-
f0JIHM nJiaT. Hsn~ora e 6Ht:71a T'bHKa· 6HJia 3a6pa)lKa, a cera - U.BeTeH
11eM6ep, ·· nape11eH m10116e1-t.
,[lpyrHTe M0MH, neCHOITOHKHTe, ca B o6HKHOBeHa ceJICKa M0MHH-
CKa npeMHH3, caMO '-IHCTa 1-1 HOBa .
BoetteU.'bT ·c 6yJIK3Ta H necHOTIOHKHTe H K3K HrpaHT 6yJIKaTa H·
6oettel.l.'bT ce BH)K)J.3T B pHC . .N'!! 219. B pHC • .N2 229 _ce BH)K)J.aT CaMo
6yJIKaTa H 6oeHel.l.'bT C KJIIOHKa, a B pHC.✓ •
N2 221 - K3K H3rJieJJ,Ba,
H30T33)].. .
Kocara Ha 6oeHeu.a He e BnJieretta, a pa3pometta H cnycHara
na,noJiy, Ta ce aee, KaKT0 c~ pa3aeiiaaJI HHKora nep"!eM'bT Ha HalllHre
lOH3l.I.H, '-IHHT0 nep11eMH ca 6HJIH C'bll.1,0 TaKa )J.'bJlfH.
O6JieKJI010 Ha 6oeHeua H 6yJIKaTa B BypracKo (c. PycoKacr-po).
K3KT0 H B .npyr1-1Te CeJ13 B TO.ff KpaH [pHC. N2 222]; e T3K0Ba:
BoeHeU'bT - naK M0Ma, e o6JietteH B '-IYKM3H, pH33 H npeCTHJIKa~
npe3 Kp'bCTa e Kp'bCT0Catta C KOBaHetf, K0JiaH C nacprH; npe3 paMOT0
HMa npeMeTH3T3 fOJIHM3 K'hpna (TeCTHMaJI); Ha rJiaBaTa ~OCH M'b_
}KKK
K3J1Il3K, KOHTO TYK e HaKH'-leH "C BCHGKHTe H3KHTH, C KOHTO ce KHTK
rJfaBaTa (3a6pa)J.Kara) Ha e)J.iia 6yJIKa. B .ll..HCHaTa p'bKa HOCH 6pa.11.ea
"( 6aJITHH), a B JIHBaTa - f0JJHMa K'hpna. OnaC'bT e mKaHUtfll (3YHHUa)~
T'bK3H3 H Be3aHa, K3KBHTO HOC.HT TYK H MOMH, H >KeHH ; TOH e TOJIKOBa
nycHaT ·)J.'bJif0, lll,OT0 ce BJI3'-IH Huie ro )J.'bp)KH e)J.Ha M0Ma . -
. ByJJKaTa H TYK e M0MH1Ie B o6HKHOBeHO M0MHHCK0 o6JieKJIO, 3a-
6yJ1eHO c roJIHMa T'bHKa np03pa11Ha u.aeTHa K'bpna - TJOJI6ett.
)lpyrHTe M0MH - neCHOITOHKHTe, ca M0MH B MeCTHa npeMHHa .
. TI e c H. H. TieCHHTe, K0HT0 neHT.neCHOilOHKHTe M0MH, ca mo6oB-
HH., HO H MHTH1lec1rn, a MeJIO)J.HHTe ca iirpHBH H aeceJIH, 33Ill.OTO H,
HfpH'te ca 6op3H H CHTHH .
11rpHre H necmITe, B3eMeHH 3ae,ntto, ce· KaseaT 6oeHetf H~H
6oJmuK . _
Ha Ce. 40 HJIH MJia,zteHU.H, HJIH n He)J.eJIH - CpeJJ.onocTHHUa,
H3'-IHHH ce 60.sitteU.'bT.
To.H )J.eH - . He)I.eJI.H, M0MHTe, K0HT0 me 1-1rpaslT 6oeHeu, 0THB3T
B )J.0Ma Ha 6oe1-1eua H CJie)J. KaT0 6oeHel.I,'bT 6n)J.e r0T0B' 0THBaT B K'blll.3Ta
Ha 6yJIKaTa. KaTO npHr0TB.HT H 6yJIKaTa, Tp'brBaT H 0THBaT H.acpe,n.
ceJI0T0, )J.eTo e lllHpoKa IT0JIHHa H )J.eT0 o6HKHQBeHO ce Hrpae cen<:KO
xopo, na xopoJIHI.U.eTo.
OT K'hlll,aTa Ha 6oeHeua H 6yJIKaTa, ,lI.0)J.eTo CTlffH3T Ha n0JUIH3T3 ►
neCHOTTOHKHTe ne.HT HHK0JIK0 necHH, OT K0'HT0 a3 npe.naeaM cn:~A-
H HTe ,ll.Be:
p B JJ Jf I' J1 0 3 H H O o J1 l/· A H

C6Hpa~re ce, c6npaf1Te,

!0TJ :'W
BcH,KH MOMH ceneHKH,
60.HHqoBH Kexattl ·
1-Ie Jla3a p .o:>KHB5t,
Ta TIOHCKa llHpOBe.
mo MY fo1xa IUipoBe?
B )UICHa poKa 6aJITH.H (ceKHpa),
5I B'bB JIHBa HfJ}'bqKa (Kopna) .
Jlpyra:
,llparaHo Jie, 6poffJieHKo! (6po.HJIKa, KO.HTO 6poi'.i napH - - 6po-
.HqKa)
nocTHJiaH, . Ma pH, Hape:>K.n.af1!
IloCTHJiaH Il'bCTpH TIOCTHJIKH,
Hape:>Kp.aft TI'bCTpH_rJia.BHHUH! (B'b3fJI8BHHUH)
Ta CBaJIH Me)I.Ha CHHH.H
Jla qeTeM Kapa rpornoBe, 46
Ka parn'bK :>K'bJlTH :>K'hJlTHUH .
]la CH, JlparaHo, HaHH:>Kei~,
Ill!'f pOK .n.yKa.THHK47• JI.O nJiemH .
l1 oropJrnua 48 , Jlparano, .no noHc.
CJrywaHH H .n.aeTe necHH OT 6a6a To.I{opa MHTKOaa, c. Pycoi<acrpo, Byp-
racxo, 25 JO.'IH 1898 r.

KaTO CTHrHaT Ha IlOJI.HHaTa, 3aHrpaBaT Il'bpBHH 6oeHeu, T. e.

nopBaTa 11rpa. TyK ua no~HHKaTa HJIH no-JI.o6pe Ha xopoJIHllJ.eTo ca ce
~'b6paJIH TIOtJ.TH BCHlJKH ceJIHHH : H _cTapH, H MJiaJI.H, H M'b:>Ke, H JKem-1, a
OCCOHO TYK ca BCH'4KUTe MOMUH .
KaTo 3aHrpa.HT nopBirn 6oeHeu, )1.o)leTo necHonoi-iKHTe neHT
neCHH HJI~ np1rneBKH, 6oeHeU'bT H 6yJIKaTa Hrpa.HT, HO T'bH,qe ce pa3-
MH.H8B8T. (B:>K. pHc. Ng 220.) B ToBa HrpaHe 6oeHeU'bT, KOH.To_, xrnKTo
K838XMe, HMa 1-ia60.ne1m )lB8J].eceTHHa U2/!'b'IKU (rnapeHH K'bpnH),
H3Tp'brBa OT KOJiaHa (ny3)'H.HK8) KopnH H rH XB'bp.1151 Ha HacTa.HJiJ-1.Te
B'b3pacTHH M'h:>Ke. BcHKOH M'h:>K, KOMYTO ce XB'hpra Kopna, noeMa . .H
H_K3TO B'bp.>Ke B He.SI KOJIKOTO :>KeJiae napH, o6HKHOBeHo rpowJie l-l'Jll{
• 6 Kapa zpowo8e ca '!HCTH cpe6peHH TypcxH napu, Hape'!eHH xapa rpo-
woae; Te ca 61-1.rn e.11pH xaTO neTaUH H we_cTaUH . .
47 JI.YK!lm HUK. e yxpaweHH~ meHcxo: WHPOKO e, KOJIKOTO ca WHpOKH,nJICW•
KIITe Ha '!OBeKa; TOH ce npaBH OT a6a, H3pH3aHa OKp'brJIO H )I.JI'brHeCTa. TOH napuan
ce o6HH3BaJI C }K'bJITHUH, OTJJ.CTO e H HMeTO MY - JJ.YKa'rHHK. Cera ce 06HH3Ba K3TO
JIIOCilHTe s pH6aTa c 6e.l{H CTaPH Kapa rpowone HJiH c TYPCKH weCTaUH , HJIH c
ascTp.1-1iicKH HHKOf3WHH cpe6peHH TaJIHpH. ,llyKaTHHK'bT e MOMHHCKH H 6yvtlJHf1CKH
HaKHT u ce 3axa•rna OT3a)I. Ha THJia H nJiewxnte HJIH r'bp6a; TOH ce np1-1s1,p3na c
raHTaH 33 KOCHTe HJIH 3a rJiaBaTa.
u 021,p.llUU,a e C'bll.lO TaK'bB napu.aJI OT a6a, 06HH33~ HHKora <; )K'bJITJll.{H
a cera c 6eJIH e,llpH cpe6peHH napH, 'HapetteHH pynose, HO TOH ce Bp'b3Ba ::.ia rywaTa
H 3aKpHBa UCJIHTe n,p,llH Ha MOMaTa HJIH 6yJIK3T3 . Toi, e )l.bJI'bf no fl1>11'hKa HJIH AO
noSJca.
 552 /l H M H T 1, P M A P H .H O -B

20 CT0THHKH, Bpom.a .H naK Ha 6oeHeua.F{1J)H ,pa-3B'bp3Ba l3'b3eJI3, 3eMa

napHTe H 1:JO,l{0a>K,Zl.a K1ipnaTa a ny3)'H.HKa!.yH .o. Toaa cTaaa 61:,p30 H 6oe-
HeUoT He npecTaBa ,l{a·Hrpae cnope){ MeJJo,l{H.HTa Ha necHHTe. A Meno-
)1.HHTe ca 0M8HHH, HrpHBH H HrpHTe Ha 6oeHeua H 6yJ1KaTa npanHtJaT
lia oope){HHTe CBaT6apcKH p'btieHHU.H HJIH naH,l{YllIKH HrpH.
necHHTe H npHneBKHTe, K0HT0 neCHOilOHKHTe ne.HT, ca Haro,l{eHH,
K8KT0 H Jia3apCKHTe neCHH, cnope){ 38MO.>KHOCTTa H nono.>KeHHeTo Ha
ceJJ.HHHi-Ia, KoMyTo ce XB'bpra K'bpnaTa. A HMa rtecHH o6Il(H, K0HT0 ca
o6pe,l{HH . H K0HT0 ce ne.RT C8M0 npH 6oeHeu.
ETo HHK0H OT 'f.HX, K0HTQ 83 cnymax H 3pilHC8X. B MOH c6opHH~
ca 38IIHC8HH Ha MeCTHO Hapet1He, HO TyKa rH npe,ll.aBaM Ha o6m JIH·T epa-
TypeH e3HK no C'b06pa>1<eHHSI, K0HT0 H3JI0.>KHX no-rope.
Il1,paa:
Pa3meTa ce 6.HJJa Pa.na ,Ua OTKynnM 6.Hna PaJJ.a.
HH3 tIB){'bpH no t18JJ.'bpH, · OTroBapH 6.Hna PaJJ.a:
Ta HaJJeTH ua 6.Hn qa.nop. - OA _ BH Ba3e, peJ:t 6onHpH,
Ilo.n; '18'Aopa pe,ll. Ce)J..HX8, Pe.l( 6onHpH, pe.n BOH,BO)IH,
PeJJ. ce.n.Hxa, peJJ. 6onH pH, 11 BH, MJ18,ll.H rpaMaTHUH! -
pe,n 60JIHpH, pe,ll. BOHBO,llH, He M0»<eTe · MeH oTKynH.
PeJJ. Ce MJ18,ll.H· rpaMaTHUH, 6.Hna PaJJ.a MHoro CK1>ria,
Ilporoaap.H rpaMaTH'le: MHoro CK1>11a, -MHOfO CTpyea;
-.. Jl~iiTe PaJJ.H 110 .llyKaTo, JlHUeTO MH CT0 .llYKaTa,
513e µaaaM ~0JI0BHHa, Q1rn MH ca 38 XHJIH)J.8.
CJiywaHa OT C'bll{aTa 6atfa To~opa

Ta.H neceH 6oeneu'bT e neen HHKora Ha ualllHTe 6on.HpH, BOHBO.llH,

rpaMaTHUH - Ho B ThMH0T0 pc6c..TBO, KOraTO ~ ceJiaTa _e. HM8JI0 rocno-
.napH, cnaXHH, cy6alllH H JJ.pyrH HaCHJIHHUH, ToraBa np~ 6oeHeua e_
,ll0X0>l<,llaJI H TOH H Il'bpBaTa neceH e TpH6BaJio )J.a ce I-13nee HeMy t H
6oeHel.l'hT e XB'hpran nopBaTa K'bpna HeMy. Toraaa neceHTa e H3MeHeHa TaKa:
.· . PeJJ. ce MJ13,lJ.H- H38.l(>KHHl
. ITo.n qa.nopa pe.n ce.n.Rxa, 6.Rna Pa.na MHoro CKona,
Pe.n ce,ll.HXa, peJJ. K8JJ.HH, Mm>ro CK'hn~, MHoro crpysa:
PeA K·a,llHH, peJJ. cnaxun, BeHHM- rho3yM naano-.nop, ··
Pe,n <;.e MJ18,ll.H H38,ll.>KHH. TTaaJTh-)J.bp, HH~H<pJI'b-,ll.'bp: .
IlporoaapH H3HJJ.»<Ht1e: CeKcei-1 rpyma, 6HH aJJT'bHa.
_. ,µaihe Pa.ilH no JJ.YK8TO H np. (JIHueTo MH MHOrO CK'bilO,
Muoro CK1>no, HHKH<l>JIHH .
IlporoaapH 6.HJia PaJJ.a: llle:uceT rpollla; · XHJI.H,lla
- Oii BH Ba3e, peJJ. Ka.D.HH, . )K'bJITHUH .)
Pe.n;· Ka.n;nH, peJ( cnaxHH,

.ll.HecKa,. o6atie neceHTa ce nee, KaKT0 H . H3JI0)l(HX ·no-rope.

P.E D Hr H O 3 II H O 5 H f/ A H
,553
· ·RTopa~
To.nope) Jiho, OMa}rn, ' 9 - MHJIH MOH KOMlllHHKHl .
To,nopd Jibo, KyMaHot 60 Ko .na 6eJia H nefl?
Be.nHJia e T o.nopa ETo cTaHa .neBeT roJJ.HH,
ToHKH 6eJIH .napoBe, Ko Me• MeH 3Meil 33JIIOOHJI,
OIU' nO-T'bHKH 3a6pa,ll.KH. Ha cTaHa MH TOH .noxo,nH,
KaT' 6eJIHJia, ace nJiaKaJia. IlQZ{H03eTe n MH Toii' 33CT'bITB8,
K OMWHHKH ce 6epHxa , CKpHnUHTe6 ~ MH TOH 3an~Ha,
M To.nopa nHTa.xa: . BataJiaTa63 MH ·3aJiaB.H.
- · To.nQpo ·.JibO, OMaHo, TOK}' TOB3 IUO H3)lyMa . .
To.nopo Jih0, KyMaHol Te*KH MorJIH · ca naJtttaJIH;
3aw.o 6eJIHW H nJiaqew? Ta To.nopa ca JJ.HrHaJIH.
T o.i{opa HM .nyMaiiie:
Cnywana OT C'b~aTa 6a6a TOJJ.Opa MHTK~Ba

Tpeta:

IlpoqyJio ce; 11HHUO, Tnii CH 11Hm.r.a MHpexa (Tewexa):

' 11HH11epcTBO -iue CT3He,- - MnJI-llH, J1HHU.e, He nJiatJHI
lJ e IU3T MOMH .na 6~paT' He e Te}l{Ka pa6oTa.
OT.-BCHKO ceJio no MOMa, -- C flOflOM BO)la iue HOCHill,
l1ijH,neH ceJIO ,nae M0MH, PaKH _canyH iue TpHew,
BH,/H~ ,l1HHU3 TpeTaTa. TeCTHMeJIH iue nepew,
11HHI.ta nJia~e, He pa11H, BHJIO JIHUe iue MHew.
.HHHUHHHTe neT 6paTH
CnywaHa OT C'b~aTa 6a6a To,Aopa MHTKOBa

TaH neceH e HCTopH11ecKa.

'4eTBopTa:
Kany,rep xo.n;H H3 ceJI(?. l1m1 OT 6HJI'O 6eJIHJIO,
Or KoIUa B K'hIU3 xo.newe Or uapH~pa.ncK0 qepBHJIOt
.11 y CtaHKHHH. OTH.ne, · CtaHKa Ha Kanyrep .nyMawe~
ITc;eTaTa_ ro eMH3JIH (noruaJIH), - KaJiytepy Jiho, 6pafrno Jihol
Jfane3.e CtaHKa ~a 6paHH. Kora Me muaw, .l(a Ka}l{a:
.l(anyrep nceTa He' rne,na, He C'hM 01 6HJIO 6eJIHJio, ·
.HoJI ce y CTaHK3 yrJie,l].a. HHTO OT uapHrpa){CK0 qepBHJIO.
.11 cH Ha CtaHKa AYMawe: A3 CoM oT 6ora xy6asa .
~ -CTaHKe Jie, MapH xy6aaa! Ha JIHlleH .l(eH C'hM po.netta,.
·q,r 6ora JIH CH xy6aaa, Ha JIHlleH .nett BeJIHKJJ.eH.
· · '"'' ·60 OMaHo u KyMaHo ca enuTeTu.OMaHa H KyMana ce xa3ea Ha MOMa unn
15yJJKa, K0HT0 e OManocatta ,,pe3 6HJIKHTe OMaH H KYMYHHKa. ToJJ.opa e ·6uJJa OMa-
r~ocaua oT 3Me.sr, T. e. 3ana3eua OT nero 3a tteroaa >Ketta, .H HHK0H lltOM'bK ue e
CMeM Aa ff JIH6H. . . .
~I• r,.!, 63 YpeAH B CTaHa HJIH C'bCT8BHH llaCTH B CTaHa:
554 II. fl M H T 'b P . M A P J1 II O B-

A ow.' no Ha iHtiett xp1>cTetta, To me xy6aao ]la cTatte.

Ha JJH4eH ,lleH feprhOBJieH . B 6HJJO ro MJIHKO K'bneTe,
KpoCTHHUa Me e Kp'hCTHJia, C JlJCJJeBH JIHcTe noaHBaHTC,
l(p'bCTHJia, ome MHpocaJila C npHCHO ro MaCJIO Ma.>KeTe,
H Me e tta MaMa 3a1-1eJia, C KYHJleH5 ~ ae.>1<)1.H nmn eTe,
3atteJia, ome ttapeKJia: C napa MY ycTa pe.>KeTe,
- KyMHUe, MHJia KYMltUel To me xy6aao JI.a cTatte.
X y6aao r JieJ{aii J{eTeTo,
CJJywaHa OT c1,w,aTa 6a6a To.n.opa MHTKOBa.

TieTa:

4yJrn ca ce TaTapH, H CH tta xatta JlyMarne:

TaTapH OT TaTap xau.
KaK ca ce ttyJrn, ThH ,11.ornJJH.
BcH~KHT~ t1yJIH, 6eraJJH,
Mapa TipHXOBa He 1.JyJia,
HH ttyJia, HHio 6eraJia.
T st CH pa6oTa HMaJia':
Mo:>KKO CH ,II.eTe K'hnana,
KonaJia H noBHBaJia.
T~KMO BOJl3Ta ,II.a XBbpJIH,
H TaTa pH Te ttacpew.a.
Mapa ce tta3a,II. n0B1>pHa,
Y3e CH KpOHJlHJI OT cpe6po
J1 3eMa ttarna cpe6petta,
Ta CH TaTapi,.Te nocJiy:>K1-1.
BceKH TaTapHH no t.1arna,
CTapH TaTapHil TIO,II.BeHKH (ttarnH),
3a H3li-M3JJKOTO H5IM3JIO.
Pa3JIIOTH ce MaJIKO TaTaptte,
Ta c6o.n.e KOJ-iH Hattanpe.n,
CJJywaHa OT 6a6a BeJIHKa, c. PycoKacTpo, BypracKo,
- Xatte JibO, xaH TaTapm-1y1
4y JIH, xatte, pa36pa JIH?
TipaXOBUH HH ce npHCMHJIII,
TipaXOBUH . ome opSIXOBUH,
4e HHKOMY HHLUO tte peKJIH,
He peKJIH, HH 3JIO cTopHJIH,
X aiiJ}.e tta3a)J. ]la ce noBopHeM~
11.a HM H<pTHpa MeTHeMe:
- Jlaa HH ca KOH.H JIHncantt; .
11.Ba KOHH' ,II.Ba TOBapHHKa,'°'f>"
.51 HH KOHeTe HaH)J.eTe,
,51 HH ,II.Be MOMH )J.3Bafne.
TI paXOBUH Ce Co6paJIH,
Bep.Hxa, Ta ce 1.Jy)J.exai
Ta Kost MoMa )J.a )J.a)l.aT?
H afi-nocJie ·peurnJIH, oTceKJIH:
11.a .n.a.n.eM .Mapa Tipaxoaa;
T SI . HSIMa Maft.Ka .n.a nJialle,
11 HSIMa TeHKO .n.a KbJIHe.
25 IOJIH 1898 r _

Ta.H necett e HCTOpHtiecKa, H3 enoxara, KoraTo TaTapHTe 6HJIH

rocno;i.apH· tta BnJirapn.H; a Mo.>1<e H OT no-uoBa enoxa,KoraTo TaTapHTe
ca .n.oxa:>K)J.aJIH KaTo noMOI.UHHUH Ha TYPUHTe H MHHaBaJIH npe3 D'bJI-
rapust.
fl~ KyHDex 311a•rn KaJieM, m1ca.1Ka, c KaKBaTo m1waT ne.11HKJ1e11cKHTe ~ep-
eeHH SIHl13 .
~fl ToeapmtK KOH e, KOHTO e Cl:.C CaMap H Ce TOBapn C TOBap.
pEJJJI I'H03H H OBHl/A H
555
lllecra:

5I t.rn · orpeii,
Mece4K0, · .Uerero ome MaiiKa My!
]laHO MH orpeern Ta3 ropa ! . BropaTa nHrne, opHcBa:
B ra3 ropa MaHactHp, - X aii)le )I.a 3eMHeM JieTeTo,
8 M-3'HaCTHpa KHJlHH, ,Ua OCT3BHM M3HK3 My.
B KJIJJHH rpy,nHa MapHH, TperaTa m1we, opHcBa:
Mo>KKa CH po>K6a A06HJia. - Xafl,ne ,na ocraBlfM ,ne-rero,
Ome rpH JI.HH He 6e CTOpHJia, ,Uerero, ow.e Maif Ka MY.
Ha aJiaT ce p1>>KeH 66 noAnpHJia, ,Ua pacre, )la cH n·opacm~.
81>HKa npeA npara H3Jie3Ha, ·na ce CfO)lH, 33JKeHH,
3JiaTHH neJieHH )la nepe. 3a MoMa or ceJio ,naJ1e1rno.
HpaJia rH u rH npocrp5IJia, Lia H)laT H .na ce nOBbpHaT .
Ta na ce Ha3a,n noB'bpHa. JI.a na;rne 3eTHT OT KOH.H,
4e B K'blll.H ce)l5JT TPH >KeHH, LIa na;rne, ,ua ce yllaBH.
TpH JKeH.H, AO rpH opHCHHUH . Jla ocratte 6yJIKa noA 6y110,
TTopBara nmue, opHcaa: Coe 31>JJBH H Che ,neBepH,
- X aif)le )la 3eMHeM )lerero, Coe KyMa H c1,c KYMHua.
01-ymaHa OT 6a6a CTaHa, c. PycoKaCTpo, 25 JOJIH 1898 r.

TH.ff H3JioJKeHH .noTyK necHH ca o6mH, T. e. neHT ce o6mo, KaTo•

o6pe)lHH. Ho TYK ·HA3_ T H neCHH,' KOHTO ce ne.HT Hapo1rno Ha H3BeCTHH
JIHita. Ero HHK0JIKo OT TH.ff necHH:

Ha ceJICKH Kpbt1Map1rn, 33.M0JKeH lI0BeK

Xy6aaa HeAa Jio3e ca.zurna, 4e ce o6a.nH He.nho RHttapHT.
XeM ro ca.u11Jia, xeM ro e KJieJia: HeAbO B1-rnapHT, He,11.ho
- OH Jiose, Jio3e, n ycTo ocTaJiol KpotJMa p-.HT,
}(oft me TH 6epe 6HJIOTO rpo3,Zle, . l1 CH Ha He.na THXO f0B0pH :
· }(off me TH nHe pyffHoTo BHH0, - 51 TH MH K3>KH HeMy uettaTa?
.I<oii 11.(e CH BapH B'bpJia paKH.H,. He.na I<pb4M8p10 THXO fOBOpl-1:
I<aro cH H.HMaM HHii,ne HHKoro? - HeMy ueHara . - BopBa
,CaMo CH HMaM e;rnoro 6ora, JK.'bJITHUH (rep.natt},
E.nttoro 6ora H n'6pao · JIH6e: Heroaa MeHa - MaJiaMeH
Bore BHC0KO, •1rn6e ,naJieKo. npocTen . .

Ha M0M'bK, )l.o6'bp, npoqyr KHpa,UJK.HH, KOHTO ce 3aHHMaBa C

B03eHe KHpH.H Ha ')l'bJl'bf TT'bT .

.llHMlIOBa M3HKa paHO paHHJia, llpyJKHHara rn craaar, oro,nar.

PaHo pamrna, lIHMlJa 6y)l.HJia: Ille MHilar, CHHKo, npes
- 5J CTa HH, CTa HH, CH He MOH I<apa6yHap,.
lIHMlIOI UJ.e CH H3Jie3HaT Kapa6yHa pKH,.
·$ 6 p 1,)Kelf 3H3~H TO.Hra; OTT3MO C p7131CHU.t.1.fC, np'hT B PHT.'13Ta Ha KOJiaTa.
 556 aH M H · T 'b P M AP H 11 0 B

l(apa6yHapKH, TbHKH aaropKH, Haii-Harrpe.n BopaH;- Hait:-Te>KKO

ToHKH 3~ropKH Coe 6eJIH · . Kapa,
rrpecTHJIKH. Haii-Te}l{KO Kapa· cyxo }l{eJifl30.
Ta me )(a KaJt<aT: ,,rne.naihe, BHBOJIHTe MY c KonpHHeHH
MOMH, ·· t1ynoae,
1\0JI'bK e l<epBaHoT: c~ KHpa,n>KHH, _KonaTa MY ca coc cpe6pe11H
Ce KHpa.l(}KHH, ce apa6a,n>KHH. JKernH.
Hafl-H anpe.l( . BopBH .lIHMlJO . Bna3e ifa. Ta31r Heroaa M~HKa,
KHpa,Zl>KHSI, q ecTHTa T83H, · .ne-r' me ro ·seMe
' ".
CnywanH OT 6a6a BeJIHKa, c. PycoKaCTpo

Ha Mna.na ·6y·nKa

TI peXB poKHa.nH ca ~O TpH ranymi, .. (TyK . e HMeTO Ha 6yJIKara}'

.ll-0
TP H ra.iiyHa, .llo TPH riiln(Sa, IJoyKa HOCHM OT .T_ BOffTa.. M3~Ka:
lJe ca K8UH3JIH . lia 6y~KHHH CaeKpa ll3 T3t!Hill ~aTO ·6run?, CH,
nopTH. CBeK'h pBa )(a cnyillarn KaTo' · -
. 'BHKOM BHK8JIH, lJ}'KOM t1yKaJIH: . . M8HKa CH,
- 5I H3Jle3, 6yJIKa
H3Jle3, _ lleBepa .na cnyruaill KaTo 6paTa CH,
HaaHKet 3nJIBH o6Ht1aif. KaTo cecTpa CH.
. Cnywaua OT · MOMHTe: )lp.yMa BacnJiesa, Be.111iKa t.Jepueea· H J\.'ureJrnua
Bacn Jieea, c. CTapo_ceno, TyTpaKaHcKo, 16 uoeMe. 1898 ·r.

Ha Y'IHTeJI
TpaMaTHK ce ytJH, }IHbO JlhO, ·PaHHtJK·o )la pai-rn, 5I H :60 .JlhO
Cera .neaeT ro,nHH; Knenano )la KJiene,
TiaK ce HeJ HaytJH, 1:IepKOBa )la o,:BapH,
~PaaHllKO .na cTaaa, Katt)lHJia )la rraJIH.

Ha ·Tep3HSI, .nyKHH)(:)KHH

·MaHo Jiho, MaHo Tep3HHO, He MO>KH )la ru HaytJH.

·rep3HHO, .nyKSIH)DKHHOI
'M aH·ho Ha. .nyKeH ce.nerne;
,lleBeT t1er'h pqera yqeme,
Cnc HeroaoTo ,lleceTo.
YtJHJI· ·rH .MaHo, y11uJI rH.
.Ile MHHa r103eJI KanuHKa, .
Tm1 ce · B KaJIHHKa yrne)la_,
C11ynH CH Hrna q>peHrHH,
Y6npKa KOHUH H6pHlliHM.

l-la e.nHH CHH B K'bll\H

..L(HMHTpe·.ne, ..:AHMliTpef Ha_aJIT'bHH ·nopacnJI,

EllHHtJ'hK Ha MaiiKa, Ha nopoiitto BHHO.
Ha M3HKa H ·Ha Tai-Ka, · - Tiopofl )I.a npHTetJe,
.Ha . na_pa H3H~aJI, Ta ,ii.a Me 33BJI~qe .
 P'E.RHI'HlJ.:f!HH OSHl/AH 55:7
B .uapboBa ·rp&AHHa, · Ta ,na cJI' Me poHj;iT
·Ta .zr.a CH H3HHKHa no n'hCTpH MHH.D.e.pH;
6.Sin, ~epseij TpeH,D.a¢Hn; Ta .na CH Me MeTaT
Ta .na .cH ~e 6epaT C tJeMIIIHp-MeTJIHUH ·
UaphOBH. po6HHKH; 11 .zr.a CH M~ pHH~T
Ta .na Me KHTaT C1:,c 3JI8THH nonaTKH.
Ilo 6eJIH TyJinaHH; 57

CnywaHa OT 6a6a CTaHa, c. PycoxacTpo, Bypracxo, 25 JOJIH 18~8 r.

n p .Hn e B K H. no yxa3aHHflTa Ha 6oeHeua IJeCHOilOHKHTe ne.RT'
cneJIHHTe npHneBKH Ha MOMUHTe~ KoraTo 6oeHeU'bT XB1,pJIH Ha H.RKOH:
. MOM'hK K'hpnaT_a. THH . npHn~B¥H ca . np_ HfOTBeaH H neCHQilOHKHTe
3Ha.SIT Ha .KOH MOM'hK ·Ko.SI npHn.SIBKa . yra>K,!l.a. . . · ·
. . BoeHeU'bT, K8TO H3pe,llH CTapHTe· M'b:>Ke, OTHBa npH rpynaTa
M9MUH H .~011aa ,na XB'hpra Kipna Ha BceKHr.o. KaTo XB'bpJIH K'bpnaTa
· ua. e.l{HH MOM'bK, ,no,neTo TOH Bp'h3Ba' napH, neCHOilOHKHTe -ne.SIT. T1ur
. np~neBKH c~ no,no6HH m1· OHHH npu KYMHtJeHeTO. .

ETo HHKOH: ·
· 1{1>q>TH MH, U1>tpTH, ·"6ocH.iiKo! . .lla ce,nHaT IlW{ Te6e Ha C.SIHK8 •
.lla TH. He B~He KOpeH'bT, .llparoif C'bC CToeHK8 w.e
lJe . Ill~ .zr.o·if,naT )!!38 MJl8)J;H ce,nttaT.

·.llpyra:
CeJlHBJJ ·Born°aH Ra MexaHa,
Ta CH nue pyfrno BHHO,
PyiiHO BHHO, 6aIII paKH.SI.
.Oik' Te, ·Bor,naiI, · .nc61>p IOllaK,
)loth>p' J?H8K; ·. KeCe,ll:>KH.ff !
r y
ne,naif rope, r ne,naif ;ZJ;OJI !
.lleKa BH')J.Hlll 6eJIH ,llBOpH,
TaMO HM8 M8Jl·K8 MOM8,
ManKa MOMa AHren1rna, .
Jloo'bp IQH8K, rHp.l{:>KHK CToeH.

.. : Tpe-r~i: ·
.tioop~-c'bM ~a sHaif na, C1:,6op HH oT.nanetJ 3arne.zr.a,
Kora C'bM 6HJI8. ,ZJ.eBOHKa, Mna.zr.u ·Ha KpaK cTaBaxa,
neT C'b'M BOHBO}JH Jrn6Hna, CTapH HH .~sicTo npaBexa.
11 neTTe C'hM rH M8MHJl3, ·-· .llo6pe HH .,nolll'bJI, .CoKoJie,:
Ta naK Me MaMa MeH .zr.a.ne no-,no6pe TH, 6.SIJia f epaKHHa!
Ha· rpaMa, rpaMaTHKa, · fepaKHH8 e CTO.SIHKa,
Ha·.non AoproBa: yHyKa. CHB coKoJI JlparoifKo.
Kora Ha co6op .Tp1>rHeMe,
67 TgAn.aH e ocotSen na11HH sa aadpa>K.nane. K1>pnaTa ce YBHBa Ha r~aBaTa
K3TO _llaJJMa Ha ..nepBHWHTe. Hs,Kora x_
aH'hMHTe ca HOCHJIH T8KHBa TYJinaua. 11Ma
B u·srxon 'xpauma, T8 H 61,nrapcKMTe >KeHH HOCSU T8KHBa TY,Jin8HH,· C8Mo··11e HOCJIT
Jlpyro ~.Me. - · ',
558 i! HMHT"bP MAPHHOB
·lJeTB'bpTa:

·Cttorn.11 MH peKa noTeKJia, l(HTKa 6oc1u1eK KHqerne,

Ta 3aBneqe .ZlopBa H KaMette, B paT11Ka Betteu. BHerne:
Ha EeMpa.na noJI0BHHa. KHTKa 6ocHJieK e neiKO,
1-I~ ·..rpa.na MoMa cToerne, BpaTHKa BeHeu - CToettKa.

TTeTa :
·Cttorn.1-1 ·MH . cJie3e TT1>pBaH .npyrapH,
. 6a3HprHH MoHTe .npyrapH, M0HTe
OT IJ.apHrpa.n, ·oT ,llpHttonoJie. .npy~apKH?
Kott np.SIKo npe11H .no MaMHHH CH, OTroBap.H TTopBaHy MaHKa:
Llo MaMHHH. cw, .no 6eJIH rropnL - J,f ce H3.>KeHHXa, H Ce
TTopBaH IIOBHKa H KOH rrpOU.BHJie, ocTaHaxa.
TiopBaH IIOXJI0rra H KOH II0Tporra. Can ca ocTaHaJIH ;. MHJIKa,
Ila e H3JIH3Jia flopBattoBa MaHKa, _ MapHHKa,
. '4e Ii f0B0pH CTopBaH 6a3HprHtt:· H MapHHKa, H Y3ya-K.aJIHHKa,
- .113:>Kemixa JIH ce M0HTe Cera MHHaxa, 33 BO)la ·OTH)lOXa.

lliecTa: I
~
Pa31-1rpa ce 6srna Pa.na, ,lloiina, )loHJia, .llqi%Jia,
.DpeA IIOITOBHTe qa p.nau.11 .
Ha qap.nau.H cTapH xopa, " " ",.
,CTapH xopa H BOHBo.na . " " ,,
TiporoBap.H BOHBO)J.aTa : " "
-na YJI0BHM MJia)l EoeHtJa, "" " ,."
.Jla .M;y 3eMeM TI03}'Hll.HTe,
"
fl03YHU.HTe, OfbpJIHU.aTa. ,," " ",,
"
'Ce.nMa:
OT)lOJIY H)laT )leBeT K0HH, ,llouna, 1lo11na, no-rwa,
..lleBeT KOH.SI , Bee KaHeJIH, ,.
E.ntta K0tJHH no3JiaTeHa .
Ille H TJiactteM no 6HJI .llyHaB,
Ille oTH.ZleM I-la fJOpreBo;
•
4e f10preao e rrycT ocTattaJI ,
Ee3 Ka)lHH, 6e3 C'h.ZlHH. " "
KoflTo HHMa, .na 3aeMa, " "
Kou ce JIJ06u, .na ce 3eMtte. ,, ,, ,.
To.nop HHMa·, tteK 3aeMa, ,, ,,
He1c' 3aeMa _6nna Enetta.
• CiiywaHH OT MOMHTe: ll.pyMa Bac1rneaa, BeJIHKa tieptteaa, AttreJIHHa Ba•
<:H.'leBa, c . Cnpo ceno, TyTpaKaHCKO, 16 HOeMB . 1899 r. ·

.•11Ma no.no6HH neCHH ow.e, K0HT0 neCHOIIOHKHTe CaMH c·Kp0flBaT

npu .na.neHHH cnyqaif.
.P E .n H r 11 0 3 H 11 0 5 11 Cf A 11 559
6oeneuo r Hrpae )IO .neHH cpeur.y Jla3aptt11ua,r.e. AO neToK cpeur.y
Jia3apHHua. TaH eetJep ce ceopurna raH Hrpa.
flpe·3 eeJIH_KHTe rrocTH xopo ce He Hrpae, i-:o caMo 6oeHeu.
EoeH.etf ce Ka3ea xopo HecKJioneHo, HecxeaHaro, a e raHu; roaa
xopo HMa maH'l.apKa .- MOMa, KOHTO BO)1.H TaHeua HJIH xoporo, H .naUl-
Jf,apKa, T. :· onaurnapKa, MOMa, KOHTO 3aeopurna xoporo.
Xopo, T. e. CKJioneHo H oKpnrJio, urpaHT cJie){ BeJrnK.n.en npe3
c e e r JI tt T a HJIH npa3Ha HeaeAfl. H rrocJie npe3 ll.HJiara ro.zurna liaK .n.o
-CHpHH 33fOBe3H H.
B KOH Kpa mu.a ttMa 6oeHeu?
Monre H3CJie.ZJ.B3HHH ycTaHOBHXa, lie B 3ana)lua b'b.TirapHH I{
I0ro3ana.n.Ha (TI11porcKo, CocpttHcKo, KIOcTeH,ll,HJICKo) HHMa TOH o6peJJ.,
THH oope,llHH 1-i.rpH H neCHI.f. B flJieBeHCKO ro TO.>Ke HHMa . B TopHOBCKO
ro ttMaJio, HO cera H3lle3ttaJI.
HMa ro e J13ro1.1tta H l0.>K11a 13oJJrapHH.
He cpemttax ro H B TIJioB)lHBCKHH UHJI oKp'br.
KaKBO e 3HaT.IeHHeTo Ha 6oeHeu. ·tt or.n.e raH Hrpa e noJiyllttJia ·
. HMeTO 6oetteu. HJJH 6oeHHK?
EoeHeu. ce Hrpae 3a 6epeKeT H 3a 3,ll,paee. Tow tte me .n.a HMa
.npeBHO eCKO 3HaT.IeHHe. Comeci'ay eaHeTO MY caMo . B e)J.HH
MH.THT.I_
KpaHma H C'bBoprneH OTO JJttncBaHe OT .npyniTe .llOKa3Ba,11e TOH o6pe.n
H o6aqafl He e 61m com Ha BCHlJKHTe nJiel\fe.Ha, KOHTO C'bCTaBJIHBaT
H3IllH5l Hapo,n. A TOBa roeopH 3a HefOBOTO ornocJie C'b3):{3B3He .
.IT pH KaKBH yc.rlCBH.H H o6cTOHTeJICTBa e C'b3)J.3)J.eH, JlOJJO)KHTeJIHO
He MO)Ke .na ce Ka)Ke. E.ntta 6a6a .llparatta , ,,rJiyxara" npeKopeatta, e
c. MapHH, EJieHcKo, MH pa3Ka3a, qe raH Hrpa ce npaee.11a e qecr Ha
H.HKaK'bB CH uapcKH CHH - 130.HH, .Koiiro 6ttJI MHoro xy6ae, KOHTO 3Ha-
eJI MHOfO OM3MHO .na CBHpH H n~e ·H pa36ttpaJI e3HU.HTe Ha BCHlJKHTe
)KHBOTHH H KOfOTO C3MOBHJIHT€ ca 3aJIH6HJIH H rpa6H3Jllf. Ero 3amo H
MOMaTa 6oetteu e o6JieqeHa xy6aeo H c Kana. Hawcnrna roea yreop.zu-1-
xa H 6a6a KaJIH, c. Ko3'hKJmce, 6a6a )KeKa EaflHoea H 6a6a Myrna
)KeJiena, c. Pmu; 6a6ttre Cro.H CttM01-1oea, Crami 5Itteea, BeJIHKa
CraHKOBHU.a, c. PycoKacr po, H 6a6a .lloua HeaHoea, c. Kapa 6yHap,
HO MHoro YKJlOHlJlfBO H HeHCHO; a BCHlJKHTe .upyrtt 6a6H OTroeapHxa,
tie He 3Ha.RT . .Toraea H HHe M'bl!HO MO)KeM)J.a npHeMeM TOBa ,pa3Ka3Ba He
Ha 6a6a ,llparaHa , a ocTaH B'hnpoc'bT .n.a oe H3CJie)J.ea .
.llero o6atte 6oetteU'bT e EypracKo _H ,ll,HecKa ce npe.ucraBJIHBa c
6aJITHH H .nocym TaKaBa, C KaKBaTO }lallJHTe ceJJHHH rpe6HT (H3Kope-
HHBaT) rnyMaII.ttTe a rtt npeepomaT e HHBH, rosoptt, qe 6oeHeUoT e
-e)I.HO CMernettHe C Jia3apa, C'b3,.U.a,ll,eHO B IOroH3TOlIH3 b'bJirapttH B no-
HOBO·BpeMe - o6CTO.HTeJICTBO, KOeTO roeoptt B IIOJI3a Ha 6a6a .ll,paratta.
58
(3a 6oetteu.a B.>K. HEM, 6-11.)

~8 [O6.srCHeHHeTO, KOeTo)I.. MapHHOB ce 0ilHTBa ,!\a )l.a,!\e Ha 06Htta.sr 6yeHeu,

e TBbp.n:e HaHBHO H HeC'bCT0.srreJIH0. ToBa ,!\aBa 0CH0BaHHe 33 cnpaae.zvrneara
 J1HMHT"bP MAPHHOB
560
:>K) B e JI H r .n e H
··BH.l{SIXM~, .qe rrpe3 BeJIHKHTe rrocTH xopo He ce

Hrpae OCB.eH HrpaTa 6oetteu; CbW.0 H CBHpKa ce He CBHpH 0CJ3eH Ha

-KyKepoB.neH, -H To rrociie.neH II'bT.
ToBa ce T'bJIKyBa --oT t1epKOBHo-peJIHrH03Ha rJie.l{Ha T0t1Ka, tie
Hap6)J.'bT IIOp8)1.H .JI.HHTe, OTpe.l{eHH 3a IIOCT H IIOKaHHHe, CH HaJIO:>KHJI
'ryA bTpHuaHHe. O6a11e B ttapo,u.HHTe HH BHpBaHHH HHe oTKpHaaMe, qe•
TYH 0TPHUaHHe e HaJI0:>KeHo Ha Hapo.na JI OT .npyrH CHJIH, OT caMOBH-
JIHTe, KOHT0 He .naaar .na ce CBHpH npe3 BeJIHKH IIOCTH.
O6pe)l.HTe rrpe3 BeJIHKHTe II0CTH: 6oeHeU'bT, na3apKHTe H KYMH-
lleHeTo, KOHT0, HHMaT HHI.U0 o6mo c. peJIHrHHTa H 11epK0BHHTe rrpa3Hij-·
. UH, 'KaKTO H BeJIHK)l.eHCKH HSIK0H H8P.OJJ.HH o6pe.nH H o6HllaH, K0HTO ;
T0}Ke HHMaT o6mo C'bC CBeTJI0TO XpHCTOBO B"b3KpeceHHe, )1.0K83BaT, qe
THH, np·a3HHUH ca H3MeCTHJIH. JJ.peBHHTe MHTHtiecKH rrpa3He1icTBa H
.n,aJIH ~a, Ha o6pe.nnTe H 06Ht1aHTe C8MO e.l{HO roCTOIIpHeMCTBO. Ka3ax,
qe 386paHeHHeTO )1.8 ce CBHPH npe3 BeJIJI°KHTe IIOCTH rrpOH3JIH3a ae .
caMo oT 11epK0BeH H3Bop, Ho II oT MHT0Jior11t1ec~H - 3Ha1b1 TYH 3a- .
TO no-
_ 6paHeHHe e C'bI.UeCTByBaJio rro-paH0, rrpe)l.H XpHCTHSl~C'.l'BOTO, Ji _
paAH HHKaKBo _ npe,u.cT0SII.UO npa3HeHcTao; 3~MeHei-Io TYK c BenHK.l{eH.

Ero rreceHTa:
3aCBHPHJI .UHMO c KaBaJia
Ha. Bp'bX Ha· CTapa nJiaHHHa,
B l\oBaHJI'hUIK~Ta KYPHH,
B .UpsittoacKaTa MepHsi.
.Ue ro JJ.OiIYJlH JJ.Be BHJIH,
.Ua,a' .)1.HH .Ca ropa J19MHJIH,
) TpH· .)(HH ca B0.JJ.a cyrnv.nu~
,Uo){eTO l{uMa )I.a Haif,n.ar,
Ta na mi n.uMa JJ.yMaxa:
C~yuraua OT 6a6a KanH, c, K"L3'bKJIHce., H 6a6a MapHsi, c. IlawaKboA
- 1l11MO ne, JI.HMO 0B11apKo!
He 3Haern JIH, JI.HMO OBllapKo.
l.!e BeJIHKH Il0CTH He 6HBa
. KaBaJI H .CBHPKc;i ,u.a CBHpslT? ' .
Ta na ca JI.HMO Xl;laHaJIH,
. XBaHaJIH, Ta na ,u.1-iniaJIH,
JlftrHaJIJi rope BHC0KO,
OTTaMo ca ,ll1~Mo nycttaJIH,
TTycHaJIH JJ.OJIY B'bB JJHCKO~

----:- l3eJIHK)1.eH ce npe,u.Xo?l{JJ.a OT UHJia ce.n.MHUa, ttapet1eHa c T p a-

c T H <:I. H e ,D. e JI SI.· · Hap.O~'bT o6aqe TalJJ-f CaMo cpSI,D.a, tJeTB'bpTbK H
Detl>K,

KpHTHKS' oT ~TpaHa Ha M. Apttay,ncB. rtcc.ne,ztHHTe H3CJJe.l!BaHlfH . B'hpxy 6ye{lell.

H cB1>psaHHTe c uero. JJasapyEaue H KYMHqeue B:a<. M. ApHayoo8 , EyeHell. .Hs
. HCTOpHHTa_ ua ·T!P0JIETHH1e cC5HtJaH H_ neCHH. O11epUH no 6-iirapcKH~ ctx>mcJiop,
T. II, C., 1969, c. 343-371; P. AHzeAoea, JlasapyeaHe a c. EoHHoBo. C6. EsHKo-
Be.ztcKo-eTHorpaq:cxH H3CJie,!lE8HHH B naMeT Ha axa,zt. CT. POM8HCKH, c .. ·
1960.
c. 709-730; •J!- JlopiJaHoea. 3a o6H'laH .nasapyeaHe a ·B'h.nrapHH, HEHM, C.,
1966, KH. 9, c. 107-162; T. KoAeea, llHT. C'b'I.
pE_JlHI' ,H03HH OEHi/AH 561
BeAuKa cp5laa ce K83Ba cp.H.n.a1a npe3 c1pacrtta-ra ceJ(MHUa H .ce
He pa6oni' :>KeHcKa pa601a, T. e . . He TbKaT, He npe,ll.aT, He lllHflT.
B Axnp1IeJie6HHCKo To.H ,ll.eH ,ll.eUaTa XOJJ.HT B. nJJaHHHaTa 3a 3)J;pa..,
Bell, KOr0TO KHT.HT Ha KHTKH H npHr0TB.HT 33 JJ.pynni: ,ll.eH - BeJIHKli
qe1Fi'bpT'bK - )J.a ro pa3H3C.HT no po,ll.HHHH H KOMllJHH 33 3,1I.paae.
B Oxp:w,n TOH ,neH aancBaT .HHUaTa, Ta JJ.a 6nJJ.aT roroBH 3a cyrp1rn-
Ta H8 ApyrHH .neH .
Ha Be11uKu 'l.eme1>pm1>K, npe,n11 ){a ce noKa:>Ke cJI'hHUero, ryJK){aT
,nBe ttepBeHH HHU3 B CHTO, IlOCTJl3HO C aJieH IIJl3T, H fH nocTaBHT cpem.y
H3TOK; TOBa npaBHT, lll.OM H3rpee CJI'bHUeTo, ){3 fH BH){H. C THH ttepBeHH"
Hilua nocJie u3mpueam (6aHr) .neuaTa no 1muero, aa )I.a 60,ll.aT 6eJJH-
ttepaem1.
Beqepra OTH8CHT "B tiepKBa HHKOJJKO .HHUa H fH nocTaBHT npe.zi
HKOHHTe, Ta ,na llY.HT 12-Te eaattre.rrm1. .
THH HHUa 0Til0CJie CK'bTBaT 33 3anot1ea1-te. 3aHaC.HT e,ll.H0 Ha
HHBaTa HJIH JI03eTo H ro 38KCil3B3T B 3eM.H.Ta 33 6epeKeT. EJJ.HO
ocTaBHT •npe.n HKOH·a ra 33 npes U.HJiaTa ro.nHHa. (Cpa . C6HY,.
XVI-XVII, 30.)
B e JI H K H tJ e T B 'b p '(' 'b K. Belle e f0JIHM npa3HHK H HHKO.H
HHill.0 He pa60TH; HHT0 :>KeHHTe :>KeHCKa pa6oTa, HHT0 M'b:>KeTe JI0JICKa.
Mo:>KeTe rrpeK3pB3T ,neH.H 0K0JI0 B0JI0BeTe, K0JiaTa, K0IDOBeTe- CTHraT
Hemo, \JHCTHT HJIH JI'bK B rpa,llHH8T3 K3CTp.H.T (llHCT.HT) .npoBtJeTaTa OT
B'bCeHHUH H ~pyrH THM Il0){06HH pa60TH.
)KeHHTe ca 33HHTH aceusIJIO B K'blll.H: .na aancBaT qepBeHH HHU2,
)I.a 0MeCHT H oneKaT o6pe,nHHTe H .n.pyrHTe XJJH0OBe, HY:>KHH 3a BeJIHK-
,neH, H B'bprnaT .npyrH o6pe.nH H o6H1J3H, ycraH0BeHH OT npe,ll.aHHeTo JI
sanaseHH or crapHHH.
BarrcBaHeTO Ha .HHUaTa C'bCTaBJJHB3JIO U.HJI o6pe.n H.HKora, na H
JJ.HeCKa He· e sary6HJIO Il'bpBHllHOT0 CH 3H81feHHe H T'bpJKeCTBeH0CT.
51flueTo, H3o6mo seMeHo, KaKTo cnoMettax no-rope, Hrpae l\moro
aa:>Kna poJI.H. B noaepHero, o6pe.zmre H 06Ht1aHre Hapo.nHH. C Hiiuero
6aSIT OT not1y){BaHe H ypoKH; C .Hiiuero ce 0TBP'hlll.8 BO,na Ha)1.ere HJIH )1.0-
6HT'bK, Koraro e sa6oJI.HJio; c siiiue ce Bpa:>Ka H pasraraa TaHHHTe Ha
C'b)l.6ara; C siiiue ce npaBHT HJIH p~3B3J1HT M3fHH H np. np. MHOro .npyrH
noaepm1 H o6HqaH . . •
TyK HHUeTO HMa no-r0JI.HM3 ueJie6tta H M8fb0CHHtJeCKa CHJia, 8K0·
e CHeCeH0 B qeTB'bpT'bK npe){H 06.H){, a OC06HO npe)I.H CJl'bHI(e.
B e. JI H K )l e H C K O T O lJ e p B e H O SI H. U e HMa MH0fO no-
roJI.HMa CHJla, 33T0B_a H Hrpae MH0f0 B3:>KHa p0JI1{ B 6asrneTo, B JJeKyBa--
HeTO H B pa3BaJIHHeTO Ha MarHHTe.· C qepBeH0TO HHUe ce JJ.aBa·. cat.ao
fi0MOlll., HOC Hero ne M9:>Ke )I.ace H8H3C.H ape,n3, T. e. C Hero Mar.h0CHH-
UHTe He MOraT .na. npaBHT M3fHH sa JI0llJO, HO C. Hero Morar ixa ce p83·
B3Jl SIT MarHHTe . .
3a BeJIHK)leHCKH HHU_a ceJI,SIHKaTa. C'b6Hpa .HHUa OT ncme)leJlHH~,
HO H3H-llTHMH, CJ{'bIIH H B3lKHH ca.Te3H,, K0HT0 KOKOIUKHTe ca ·CHeJlH B'bR
BeJrHKH tiera1>pT'bK. MaKap qe B JJ.pyr qeTB'bpT'hK He 6HBa Jla ce. CS1>pia

36
 5.62 JJ. _H M H T 1, P MA PHH O B

B nOJIO3HT-e Ha KOKOllIKHTe, BeJIHKHHT tJeTB'bpTbK npaBH Jf3KnIOtte~rne:

Ha TOH · ;IJ.eH MO.>Ke JJ.8 ce 3HMaT niiua OT noJIO3HTe. THH HHU.3 o6at1e,
np1;1~.paHH Bl>B BeJIHKH ' lieTB'bpThK, ce OT)J,eJIHT H3CTpaHa. THX W:e npe-
6poHT, ' H3Ml;IHT, CTHnuocaT If eancaT nopBH . .UpyrHTe HHU3 R)J.3T
BTopH Ha pe)J..- · ·
.n P· e 6 p O ~ Ba He H a H Hu a Ta. BeJIHK)J,eHCKH qep~eH"!
HHUa HJIH nepaUJKU, K8KTO rn J{8388T B 3ana)J,H8 6oJirapHH, ce st)J,aT
• JIO Cna.coB)J,eH, T. e. U~H 40 )J,HH. CTonaHCK8T8 npH 'npiirOTBHH~TO
Ha ·. HHUa:ta 3a B8TTCB8He TpH6Ba )),a HMa npeJJ. BH)J, T0B8 Heru.o. ETo aamo
TH lll.e npHi'OTBH: nopBo, . 38 )J,OM3llIHHTe TOJIKOB8 RHUa, KOJIKOTO Jla
CTIU'i-IaT. ,no CnaCOB)J,eH, a, BTOpo, 33 IT'bTHHUH H ,npyMHHUH, 38 rocTe H
pO)J,HHHH H 38 .npyrH CHpOM8CH - 3alll.OTO Ha BeJIHK)J,eH H npe3 ' UHJl8T8
CBeTJI a He,D.eJIH, KOHTO )J,OH)J,e H BJieae e Kl>IUH, Ka K'bBT0 H .na 6HJI TOH:
n1>THHK, .n.pyMHJlK, u1ffaHHH HJIH npocsiK, 6e3 nepari1Ka, T . e. 6es iiep-
eeHo HHUe, He·611'3a ;:ta ce Bpoma, 38IUOTO K'bCMeT'bT Ha K'bIU8T8 H ~pe~
KeT'bT Ha HHBHTe H JIO3SITa CH OTHB8JIK OT Kl>IUH. ETO "38lll,O H~K9ra
.n.oMaKHHHTa n·p11roTBRJia UHJIO Kc:nnne' c Jifiua-. Cera '-IHCJIOTO lia HHUa-
Ta B e)J,H8 ceJicKa no-3aMO.>KHa H qeJI.SI)J,H8 Kblll.8 He na.na 1'0-,!lOJlY
OT-5OO-6OO.· ·
TTopBaTa rplnKa npoqee H8 JlO.M8KHHK3T8 e )J,8 npe6pOH HHU.a Ta.
DpH TOBa npe6po.HBa·He npHC'bCTByBaT H BCHtJKH )J,0M8llIHH: ;:teua, MO~H,
6yJIKH, .>KeHH .H M0MUH. CTonaHKaTa 6poH H K8TO JlOH)J,e )J,O 209, _~00,
nHTa: ,,,IlocTa JIH ca, .neua?" ,,Ome, Ma.Mo (HJIH 6a6o), ome" - oTroaa-
pHT JJ.pynlTe. ,,vi 3a ·MeHe; Mal\-10 (HJIH 6a6o) - c6a:HC.II.a ce H~KOH OT
MOMUHTe HJIH Mb:>KeTe ._ TYPH cme, Ta )J,8 HM8 38 . opaHe HJI~ 33 ·oa-
UHTel" 11 . Jl0MaKHHKaTa·· npHTypsi ome ;:teceTHHa. Toea BbpBH ni1 c
,,ome" H CMexoee, J.lOJleTO C3M8T8 )J,OM8KHHK8 He H3peqe CBOHTa aBTopn-
TeTHa H nocne,nHa B0JIH: ,,E, H ToBa - na .n.ocTa TOJIKo! ,Iloro)J,HHa\ .n.aft
60.me, 0ill.e TO}IK·o"!, T. e. ·.n-a· ce ·yMHO.>KaT y K'blll,H qeJISI)J,, Ta noBette HHUa
.n.a ·aanca :
c
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ca npe6poeHH~H cera HAe pe;:t ;:ta ce H3MHHT, ,na ·ce H3MHHT OT THX BCHll-
K1ne neTH·a . Tij:>HfOTBH ce AUUJU.fl, T . e. BO)J,a C neneJI, H C K'bl)IlHlJKa
ce H3MHB8T- e,D.HO no e,D.HO MHOfO BHHMaT~JIHO, .na He OCTaHe HHK8KBO
ri.eTHO no HHUeTo, aamoTo HSIMa ,na ce aanca xy6aao. CneA H3MHBatteTo
H3IlJl8KB8T ·ce ome B e,D.H8 _
H JIH ,II.Be BOJlH H TaKa 'lHCTH ce _
nOTalUI.T. B
KOTena, B KOH.to me ce CTHTIU0C8T.
R 'KoTena HMa so.na H cTHnua HJIH noK aenea coK (apMee~)_.Tipe.n.-
nottHTaT apMeeBHH COK,3alll,OTO C Hero ce CTHTTUOCB8T ·HHU.3Ta no-Ao6_pe,
ta Ban'UHJIOT0 X:J38lll,3no no-,no6pe.H noHe.me· BCHKa ceJICK8 K'blll,8 HM3
no >ryA . epeMe apM.eR HnH np.RCOA, To pHAK0 ce ynOTpe6siaa crRnua.
' 13 K0Tena ce eapSIT· JJ.0TOJIK0Ba, J).0KOJIKOT0 >Renae CTOil8HK3Ta:
aK0 nepawKHTe w.e 6oAaT npeeapeHH, HHUaTa ce .eapslT noaeqe; aico
o(faqe: ce HcKa Aa.· 60.1:taT poBKH, Toraea ce eapHT no-ManKo.
5Hiu·~T·a : ca ·crrROUOC.aHH H cera HJ(Ba ·pe)J.'bT Ha 60H,D.HCBa~e:rQ HJJ.K
fJEl"t peae'td ...
P e Jl H I' H 0 · 3 H H 0 6 H l/ A 11 563
ll e p B e H e H n H 6 a r p e 1-1 e . H a H if u. a T a. rnaaHaTa
OOH, KOHTO ce ynoTpe6JIHBa B TOH cnyqafl,e qepseHaTa,oTTaMO e Ha3B3-
HReTo-,,qepB~HO HHU.e", CHMBOJI Ha BeJIHK,lleHa: .,II.(e ,lloqeKaM qepeeHO
~Hut· - 3HaqH BeJIHK.lleH.
lJepBeHaTa 6oH ce ,ll06HBa OT eep3UJl (6pa3HJIOBO J{opeo), KOeTO
AoHaCHT HaUJHTe 60H.ll.>KHH. Bep31rnTa ce CKoJIII.Ba Ha CHTHH uenneH-
1.lHUH, H3TOITH ce B TOITJia BO,lla ome Ha Bpo6m1.ua;I_'a KHCHe TpH-qe-
·rnpH .llHH. HHK'h,lle qepBeHaTa (aneHa) 60.H ce nonyqasana .OT K'bpM'b3.
A noK ome OT no-paHo, KoraTo sep3HHTa . H KopMo3'bT ca 6HJIH
Hen03HaTH -Te ca BJie3HaJIH B ynoTpe6JieHHe CJie,ll OTKpHTHHTa Ha
HOBHTe 3e~rn, - qepseHaTa 6oH ce nonyqasana oT puzaH HJIH MemBUtfU,
U.B6THH pacTeHHH, KOHTO-Ce 6epaT npe3 JIHTOTO Ha EHbOB,lleH, cyrnaT ce
H ce rrpHr0TBSIT 33 TOH ,lleH.
H~ rroKpaii qepBeHaTa 6oH cTonaHKaTa e sancana H ,npyrH useTos.e.
TT pe,nnoqHTaJIH ca BCHKora useToBeTe Ha .U.nraTa: qepseHo, 3eJieH~
H .>K'bJITO. )l(bJITara 6oH ce nonyqasaJia OT opeXOBHHa H H6oJillOBH
1<0pH. 3eneHaTa 6oH ce rronyqasana OT KonpHBa.
Me>KJJ.y THH 6oH HMa H .u.pyrH U.BeToBe: .
Bne.u.a (no-cna6o .>KbJITa) ce nonyqasana OT c'bpnetf HJIH MAe'l'lJK
(p~cTeHHH). TypyHiJ~ueeama 6oH ce nonyqasana OT ,rr.1,psoTo Ha cMpa.u.-
JIHKaTa .
.· BcHKa 60.H Tp.H6Ba .u.a ~ OTJJ.eJIHa B oco6etto HOBO KyneHo· r1>p~e.
YpoHUHTe ca ttape)leHH oKoJio ormm1.eTo H qaKaT ·,na ce no1me q~p-
BeHeTo.
'lJepBeHeTO BbpUJH HaH-CTapaT a >KeHa B Kolll.H, CTonaHKaTa . .Upy-
ni .>KeHH,- aK0 ca MJI3)J.H, -He ce ·.u.onycKaT .u.a npHCoCTByB aT, a IIO-CTa-
pHTe caM0 II0MaraT.
· CtonaHKaTa me 3anaJIH csem, me ce npeKpbCTH H me Ka>Ke:
.,,.Uaff, 6ome, .u.oromrna naK .u.a cpemaMe qepseHo Hiiuel" II.(e ce npe-
KpbcTH naK TPH II'!>TH H me no.lla.u.e csemTa .u.a OTHecaT npe!{ HKOHaTa,
a TH me ce,ntte ,na qepBH JIHUaTa. ·
BcHllKHTe ,llOMBllJHH ca H3BbHKa; IlOHHKora BpaTaTa 'KbllJ.HH ca
-:3aTBopem1 0TBoTpe C 'lU8UJl . He nycKaT ce, JJ.O)leTo JJ.0M3KHHK3 Ta e
npenoJIOBHJia HHUaTa, T. e. JlO)le,:o HJIH e sancana BCHllKH, HJIH c~
()CT8H8JIH MH0f0 M3JIK0. ·
Haif-Hanpe, ll qepBHT HHUaTa, 3eMeHH OT non ora Colli.HR )teH, T .e.
BeJIHKH qeTB"bpThK. TiopBOM 3eMe e)J.HO HHUe H K8TO ce npeKpbCTH,
TIOTOnBa ro B qepBeHaTa 6oH. KaTO ro JJ.op.>l<H KOJIKOTO TpH6Ba, H3B.a>i<-
)I3 ro -- H To e seqe nepawKa, qepseHo seJIHK.lleHcKo HHUe. ·
Toaa e IT'bpBaTa nepaurna H TH ce rym.lla OT){eJIHo, 38UJ.OTo Hrpae
MHOfO 88.>KH8 pOJIH B ~apo.ztHaTa Me){HUHHa H B H3p0.l{HOTO noaepHe..
C TYH n'bpao qepaeHo srnu.e cTonaHKaTa me noTpHe JIHUeTo Ha BCHllKHTe
;,;eua, ml MOM_ HTe H 6y.nK~T~: K3TO 6narocnaBH: ,,.na .._CH 6Hn~ H_tiepe~-
H8 KaTO T}'A qepBeH~ .HHUe HJIH ,,KaTo T8.H nepa_w Ka". ~ . BRpB~HeTo
KapOJIHO npHKa3Ba, 11c TaKa npe6aeHH, AeuaTa H M<>MHTe me·'(h,AaT
.npes roJ,J;KHBTa 6enH-11epeeHH B nHuaTa H w.e· 6oJ(aT3ana3eMH. or n<1wn
564 J!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

O'lIH, OT JIOllJa cpew.a, OT HanpaBeHO (MarHH) H OT )lp.yrH 3JIH HaBeTH.

ETo 3aw.o B necHHTe ce nee: MoM'bK'bT nHTa MO;MaTa 3amo e Tl'.>JI•
KoBa xy6aBa, 6.HJia-qepBeua Ha 1rnue; )lanH e ry:>1<)laJia 6.HJIO 6eJ1Hiio~
HJIH uapHrpa)lCKO qepBHJIO. A TH OTroBap.H:

Ha JIHtJeH )leH C'bM po)leHa, C qepBeHo .HHue MH e 6aJJJ1a .

H ·a JI H-'leH )leH, BeJIHK)leH. 3aToBa C'bM TOJIK03 xy6aBa:
Kora Me e MaMa pa)K)l.aJia, B.HJia-qepBeHa Ha JIHUe.
B qepBeHO HHUe e rJie)l8JI8,
Ms c6opHifKa MH; 3anHcaHa CT 6a6a MapHH, c. nawaKbOA

Il'bpBOTO tiepBeHO HHUe ce ry:>1<)la H Me:>KAY 6y6HTe, 3a )la He rH

C'bCHnBaT 3JIH O'IH. Toce TI83H B KOB'lera npH )lapoBeTe Ha MOMaTa, 33
.na cBen1T, KoraTo ce norneJJ.HaT. HHK'b)le n'bK ce ry:>K.lla npH HKOHaTa
H ce na3H JJ.O JJ.pyra roJJ.HHa, naK .no BeJIHKH- tJeTB'bpT'bK. KoraTo oT-
HecaT HOBOTO n1>pBo qepBeHO SlHUe, 3HMaT CTapOTO H ro cqynBaT. AKO
·» HUeTo e Il"l>JIHO - 3H3'1H TI'bJIHa w.e· 6'b)le K'b1IJ,8T8 B'bB BCH'IKO; axo· e
H3KY<pHJIO - noKa3Ba JJoiIJo. C'hW.O He e JJ.o6pe, aKo HHUeTo ce yBoH.H-
JIO HJIH qepBHCaJIO. .
KoraTo cB'bpmH 11epB,e11eTo Ha .HHUaTa, cTo·naHKaTa oTBap.H spa-
TaTa H BCH'lIKHTe BJIH3aT B'bTpe. TH OTBHBa MecaJia, C KOHTO e noKplina
HHUaTa H npe)I. 'l'HX 6JI.HCBa Il'bCTpa mapeHa KapTHHa: Bemo Hape,lI.eBK
qe_pBeHH, aeJieHH, :>K'bJITH, 6JieJJ.H, TYPYH)l)KHeBH Hiiua.
. IlocJie TOBa )I.OM-8KHHKaTa 3HM8 n'bpBOTO qepBeHO HHUe H npe-
6aiiBa Ha BCHKO )l.eTe OT)l.eJIHO, Ha BCHKa MOMa H 6yJIKa OT)l.eJIHO, KaTO
H3pH'la OH8H 6JiaroCJIOBHH, KOHTO H3JIO:>KHX no-rope.
H.HKora, npeJI.H 50-100 r., )I.OJJ.eTo cTapaTa e qepBHJia H·Aua..-a,,
6yJIKHTe H MOMHTe npeJJ. apaTa-ra ca neeJIH TaH neceH: •

CToeHKe, MJl8)I.8 3MeHuel Bo.na HOCH, He H nHe.

C,:oHHKa e 3MeH JIH6HJia,
JlH6HJia ro TPH rO)lHHH.
HHKOH CToeHKa He yra)lHJI,
YraJJ.HJia H HeiiHa cHaxa.
Ha cBeKp'bBa e npHmenHaJ_l8:
- MapH MaHKO, cTapa MaJie!
lllo CH cTaBa c Hallla CTattKa,
Ta e TOJIKO npe6Jie)I.HJia,
TTpe6Jie)I.HJia, nO)K'bJITHJia,
KaTo JJ.YHH npeapeH,!la,
11 Hap~HJJ.:>Ka npeKanaJia?
IlOC'bpHaJia e KaTO pH68,
KaTo .pH6a oTpoa.e:iia,
Ha cyx nHC'bK H3X;B'bpJieHa.
.1u16 CR MecH, He .H,l\e ro;
I(aTo 11e H 3Meii 3aJIH6Hnl
CTapa MaiiKa CTaHa nHTa:.
- MHJia · CTaHKe, mo e c Te6e,,
·Ta CH TOJIKO npe6Jie)I.HJia,
fl pe6Jie)I.HJ18, IlO)K'bJITHJia?
Ka)KH, mepKo, KaKBo HMal
CTaHKa HHI.UO He Ka3aJia.
Kora 6HJIO aeqep K'bCH<>,
Ta II JJ.Olll1>JI 3Mefl ropHHHH,
CTaHKa 3Mel0 nporoBapH:
- JleJie, 3Mel0, 3MeH ropHHHH.
Hay11H Me, w.q JI.a cTopH?
CHaxH. ca Me · onasHJIH
11 H~ .Maiu<a noµ.Ka3~H -
Cer.a :MaiiKa MeHe. IlHTa •
p e,Jf.,H. I' H .0 3 H H O .,, J{ 'I A H .565
A3 He. 3ll{lH mo .na Ka>1<a. Kora 6ijJIO B'bB .q~TB'hP'I'.'bK,
3t.1.eii CTOHHKH 0Troaap51: 3aropMHJIO, . 3aTpem.HJI0, .
- .C roeHKe Jie, nopao JIH6el 3MeH ropHHHH CH npHCTJ-lfHa,rr.
Kqr~ 60.ne B'bB tt~TB'bpT'bK, Ta CTOHHKa CH H3JlHrHaJI,
TTpeMeHH ce, ttaKHTH ce; 113,ZlHrHaJI H B .HCHO He6o.
A3 me .noif.na .na Te 3eMa.
CJiywaHa OT 6a6a MapHH, c. TTawaKbOH, H oT 6a6a Mopq>a, c. JlepeKbOH

(noaepHeTO pa3Ka3Ba, qe 3MeHOBeTe 33JIH6BaJIH H rpa6enH MOMH;

TyKa HMaMe cJiyG:aH, }leTo MOMaTa- npHCTaHaJia caMa Ha 3MeH.).
CTonaHKaTa .naaa Ha M0MHTe H 6yJIKHTe no e,ZlHO 11epBeH0 HHUe
u i3CHKa ro HOCH B na3BaTa Cil JJ.O Bem-1KJJ.eH, JJ.0JJ.eTo ce Ka:>1<.e ,,XpHcToc
B'b3Kpece". Toraaa ro c11yneaT H HJJ.aT.
nOJI. H O B H B a H e H JI H n OJI. M JI a JI. H B a H e K B a C a.
Ton J).eH, KaTo ce CB'bpllrn 11epBeHeTO Ha .HHU.3Ta, · 3aMeCBaT TeCTO 3a
o6peJJ.HHTe XJI.H6oae . · _
l1Ma ow.e e]J.HH o6HtI3H, KOHTO ce H3B'bpnrna TOH ]J.eH npH 3aMeC-
BaHeTo Ha TeCT0TO. TOH o6H1laH e )-13BecTeH noJJ. Ha3BaHHe ncancMEGH
Ha Keaca.
CeJicKa Koma 6e3 KB3C He 6H13a )I.a 0CTaH, 38I.IJ.0TO 6epeKeT'bT CH
0THBaJI; eTo 3amo BCHKa JJ.o6pa ceJIHHKa -6epe rp1-1>1<a .na HMa KBac B
K'bI.IJ.H. C TOH KBac ce 3aMecBaT BCHqK~Te KB8CHHUH XJI.H60Be - o6pe.n-
HH · I{ . o6HKHOBeHH. TOH KBac ce ynoTpe6.HBa HeMaJIKO H a Hapo,nHaTa
Me.ZlHUHHa.
Ha BeJIHKH qeTB'bpT'bK ce TI0.ZlHOBHBa KBaC'bT 3a npe3 U..HJiaTa ro
JI.HHa, T. e. nonyqaaa ce noe HJlH MAaa Keac. Toaa no.nHoB.HBaHe HJIH
TI0.ZlMJia,n.HBaHe ce H3B'bpll1B8JIO H.HKora C necHH If .npyrH o6HtiaH.
. .[{HecKa BC.HKa 6a6a me 3aMeCH MaJIKO TeCTO MHOro pa HO, y 30pH,
HOB TYH TeCTO HHM8 .na ce ry>1<.na OT CTap1rn KBac, a TpeBH JieKOBHTl:I;
KaTO ce OMeCH H OCT8BH B HOI.IJ.BHTe Ha TOn~o MHCTO, YBHTO H noKpHTO
c MecaJI HJIH qepra H TaKa CT0H, JI.0J).eTo OT caMO ce6e CH He BKHCHe
H ·ce He ,nHrHe. Toaa BKHCHaTO OT caMO ce6e CH TeCT0 e HOBHHT HJIH
MJ1a,n1{.HT KBac H c Hero cera 3aMecaaT Tecro 3a o6pe.nHHTe xJn16oae.
TOH M313Jl HJIH HOB KBac CK'bTB8T 33 npe3 ro)!.HHaTa H ro ynarpe6HBaT
·3a neK H cpew.y MarHH. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa Ileiioaa, c. JlaKaTHHK, 6a6a
{::'b6a, C. JlecH,npeH, 6a6a MapHSI CHB-KOHOBa, c. ManopaT, 6a6a Mop-
4>a., c . .[{epeKbOH, 6a6a .[{oHa Y.3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c . lllHnKa, H .np.)
0 6 p e JI. H H B e JI ·H K Jl e H C K H X JI H 6 0 B e. O6pe,ZlHHTe
BeiIHK)leHCKH XJIS160Be ca Como TaKa pa3H006pa3HH H ·c pa3JIH1IHH
rulapKH, KaKBHTo ca H o6pe)J;HHTe XJIH6oae Ha BuJlHH ae11ep . .[{opH MHoro
or BeJIHKJ(eHCKHTe o6pe,nHH XJIH6oae C'bB'bpmeHO npHJIHllaT no BCH'lKO
H~' K0JieJ(HHTe o6pe}lHH XJIH6oae, C~M0 C TaH pa3J1HKa, He B'bB BeJIKK-
JleHCKHTe XJIH6oae B'bB BeHUHTe HJI°H' U.BeT0BeTe H.Zl8T qepBeHH HJIH- 6e-
JIH stiiua. .
, OT MOHTe c'h6paHH MaTepHaJIH aeJIHK,neHCKHTe o6pe,D.HH xn 51 6ose
HM8T THSI HaqepTaHH.H:
566 Jl HM H T 'b P M A PHH 0 -B

B c. Kapa6yHap, BypracKo, 6a6a ,UeHa MsaHOBa )l(a6osa MH

MecH XJIR6a, npe,n.cTaBeH B p1-1c. N2 223. Toil ce Hap1-1qa Kpaeau. -Toa
.n.ocyw. npHJIH'lla Ha KOJie,ll.HHH XJIH6, rrpe,u.cTaBeH B pHC N2 120, caMO qe
TYK B UBeTOBeTe ca sa6o,U.eHH tJeTHpH qepBeHI{ HHUa; a Ha cpe.naTa
HMa 6HJio HHue.
TaKHBa KpaBaH ce MeCHT TpH: e,U.HHHHT ce OTHHCa Ha Kp'.bCTHHKa
Be)J.HO C KOKOilJKa, 'IepBeHH HHUa H 6'bKJ1HU8 BHHO; JJ.pyrHHT ce OTHHCa
Ha po,U.HTeJIHTe Ha 6yJIKaTa - 8KO HMa B K'bW,aTa MJ18)J.8 6yJIK8, a Tpe-
THHT ce pa3qynaa Ha Tpane3aTa. XJIH6»T e MeceH Ha 23 IOJIH 1898 r.
B c. TiaruaKhoif,Ko3'hJiaraqKo, 6a6a MapHH CTOHHOBa Ha 2 .aar.
1899 I'. MH MeCH XJU16a, npeJI,cTaBeH B pHC. N2 224. IllapKHTe ca:
tteTHpH M8JIKH Jl'bKa, Ha· cpe,11.aTa 6.HJIO HHUe, onacaHO C TeCTeB Betteu.
Me:>1<,u.y qeTHpl-i.Te JI»Ka HMa 3.a6o)l.eHH qeTHpH qepBeHH Hflua .· Haqep-
TaHHeTo MY e ,11.ocym npHJIH'I.JHO Ha KOJie,ll.1IHH XJIH6, npe)l.CTaBeH s
pKC. N2 116, caMO -qe HaMeCTO mapKHTe OT npoccpopHHK H)l.8T TYK
-qepBeHH HHUa . TOH XJIH6 ce K83Ba ~OAQK.
AKO HMa B K'blll.<lTa MJia,11.a 6yJIKa, ToraBa ce MeCHT TPH TaK1rna
KOJ18UH, OT KOHTO e)l.HHHHT me ce HOCH Ha Kp'bCTHHKa, .u.pyrHHT B llOMa
Ha 6yJIKHHHTe po)l.HTeJIH, a TpeTH.HT me ce qyrrH H H)l.e Ha TpanesaTa.
B c. Tio,11.Bec, Ka pHo6aTcKo, 6a6a KaJIHHKa K»HeBa MH MeCH Ha
15 IOJIH 1898 r. XJrn6a, npe)l.CTaBeH B pHC. N2 225, KOHTO HOCH H33B8HHe
~02oeul{a . . IllapKHTe Ha TaH 6oroBHUa ca: Ha cpe,u.aTa OHJIO Hflue~
orracaHO ·C BeHeu, a Ha tJeTHPHTe CTpaHH qepBeHH HHUa, o6Kp'b:>K~HH c
Kp8B8H'-leTa, H33'b6tJeHI-I C orpH6KaTa.
B c. )lepeKhOH, K»3'bJia~a1.1Ko (rrpece~11eHH rrpe)l.H )l.BecTa H noBe-
tte ro)l.HHH oT CcqmikKo), 6a6a Mop<t.a, 25 IOJIH 1899 r., MeCH BeJIHK-
11-eHCKIu1 XJIH6,HapeqeH 60Z06Ul{a, KOHTO ce BH.>K)l.8 B pHC. N2 226.
Toif e KBaCHHK; CTrope M,Y KpoCT8llJKa; H8 tJeTHPHTe Kpam..1J.a Ha
Kp'bCT8llJKaTa qenipH qepBeHH HHUa, a Ha cpe)l.aTa - 6HJIO HHUe,.
o6Kp'b.>KeHO C Ha3'b6t.reH TecTeB Betteu. B 'hrJIHTe Ha Kp'bCTalliK3Ta
npecetJeHH Jl'bKOBe. TcH XJIHO ce .TIOMH H8 Tpane3aTa; OT HHUaTa xan-
HyBaT. AKO HM8 B K'HUaTa MJI3)l.8 6yJIKa, Ta TpH6Ba )I.ace HOCH Kpaaai-1
a .Kp'bCTHHKa H po)l.nTeJIHTe Ha 6yJIKaTa, Toraaa ce MeCH ,u.pyr XJIH6 -
Kpaeau, a K83Ba ce H KOJIGK, KCH.TO no CBCeTO HatiepTaHRe npHJIHtJa Ha
KJi>aBafl, npe,ll.CTaEeH B pHc. N2 128.
B c. )lepeMax.,TJe, Kn3'bJia_rat.IKO .(ppeceJieHR H3 Jlo3eHrpa.u.cKo)~
6a6a .UeHa, 26 lOJIH 1899 r., MeCH BeJIRK)l.eH,C,KHH XJIH6, npe)l.cTaBeH
B p11.c. N2 227. Toi-i e KBacHHK c TecTeB oTrope Kp»r, Ha3o6tieH c orp116-
KaTa; Ha cpe)l.aTa, 6.HJIO .Hiiue, c6Kpn:>KeHo c TecTeB Betteu, ua306lle~1, a
Ha 'l~THPH CTpaHH t.I€THpll qepBeHH HH.Ua, c6Kpo:>KeHH c BeHUH. ToH
.xn.H6 ce Ka~rna Ko110K, a Ka3Ba ce H .602oea numa. ToH KoJiaK ce MecPt
3a_" T.p ane3aTa; HO aKO HMa MJI3)J.~ 6yJJKa, Me.CRT Ce Clli.e )I.Ba KpaBaH -3a
pO)lHTeJIJ.ne Ha 6yJI~aTa H 33 Kp'bCTHHKa, no,u.c6HH ·Ha KpaBaH B {)HC.
N2 I 30. CaMo t.Ie TYK HMa t.IeTHpH ltepBeHH HMUa, a Ha cpe.n.aTa 65lno.
B c . IlhinKa, Kas.aHJJ'hWKo, 6t:16a Jlotta Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa H 6a6a
I.I.a Ha IleTKOBHU8, 4 a Br. 1898 r.' w.ecnxa BeJIHK)l.eHCKH XJ1H6, npeJI,-
p .p J1 H I' H O 3 H H O · E H 'I A H :567
cTaB_eH B pHc. N2.228 H Hape11eH KoAaK. ToH XJUJ6 e KaacHHK c Kp1,cTaw,
c6Kp'b)KeH C Kp'br, cnJieCK~H H H83'b61leH 3Hf3ar C orpH6KaTa. ·B'bH 'OT
~p'bra Ha tJen-1pn cTpaHH HMa 11eTHpH 11epsem1 .siiiua; Ha cpe,ll.aTa na
Kp'bcTawa orrope HMa 3a6y11eHo 6.siJ10 HHUe. . ·
. AKO HMa MJla,lJ.a 6yJJKa, Mee.SIT Kpaeau, no.no6eH Ha KOJie,lJ.HH.SI
1<paBaH, npe,ll.cTaBeH B p1rc. N2 132, C8MO tJ.e B'bB BeJIHK,lJ.eHCKH.H Kp·a safl
. Ha .'lleTHPH CTpaHH HMa qepBeHH Hiiua, a Ha cpe,ll.aTa - 6HJIO. To.SI
Kp3B3H ce HOCH B pO,ll.HTeJ111Te Ha 6yJIKaTa H B Kp'bCTJ:IHKa.
B c. TB'bp.U.Hua, Hoao3aropcKo, 6a6a MapHH H 6a6a· Jlo6pa,
1 aar. 1898 r., MeCHX~ Be/lUK8eHCKU Kpaeau, npe.ncTaBeH a pHC. J\fo 229.
TOH e KBaCJ:IHK ,.. C6B)IT C H33'b61leH C orpH6KaTa;·no-.ne6eJI Kpnr;. OTfO-
pe Ha KBacmrna, 3a6ytJeiiH CB'bpXOBeTe 113,ll.OJJY' ·14eTHpH qepBeHH .SIHUa,
a ·Ha cpe)l.aTa - 6HJJo. KaKTO qepaemne, ThH H 6.sinoro .Hiiue ca 06rpa-
.II.e11.n C H33'b61l€HH EeH'-IeTa·.
AKO HMa MJJa.zi.a 6yJIKa H I.IJ.e Tp.H6Ba .n.a ce HOCH BeJIHK,lJ.eHCKH
KpaBaH B Jl.OMa Ha po,ll.HTeJIHTe Ha 6yJJKaTa H B ~p'bCTHHKa, Toraaa ce
,Mee.HT CI.IJ.e )l.Ba KpaBaH. T HXHOTO HatJepTaHHe e .ZlOC)'I.IJ. no)J.06HO Ha
KpaBaH KOJie,ll.8{:C_KH, npe,ll.CT8BeH B pHc. N2 I34,caMO 1.Je B qen-IpHTe
UBHTa HMa tJeTHpli qepBeHH. HHUa, a Ha cpe,naTa - 6.SIJIO.
. B TTaHar10pHI.IJ.e 6a6a MapHH Jlo6peBa Depcpa.Hoaa, 6a6a Uo.Zla
feHtieBa fHMH)l.)KHHCKa H 6a6a Pa.u.a HaaHHUa TcJieBa, 14aar. 1898r. ,
MecHia. BeJIHK,lJ.eHCKHH o6pe)1.eH XJIH6, HapelleH eeAUKqeHCKU Kpaeau,
npe,nc_ raaeH B pnc. N2 230. Tott ce npaan OT no-)l.e6eJJa TecTeBa np'btJKa,
CBHTa Ha KpaBaH B_bB BH,U H3 51Jme, C B'bpXOBe, Kp'bCTOC3HI-I· H'33KpHBe-
HH Ha KpHBHUH. rope HMa sa6y1.1eHO 6HJIO HHUe, H3 Kpam11.aTa no e,ll,HO
qepBeHo .HHUe, a mi cpe.naTa - . 6.HJio Hflue.
B c. CeMHCtJe, XacK_oBcKo, 6a6a neaa HBaHoBa , no M'b)K CJiaBtJo-
aa, 10 lOJIH 1890 r., MeCH eeAuKaeHCKUfl 1(0/lGK, npe,ncTaBeH B puc.
~2 231 .· Ko.'IaK'bT e KBacmrn; c1rope ca sa6oAeHH Ha tJeTHJ)HTe -My cTpa-
HH -c ~.'bpxa Ha)l.oJiy 'lleTHPJi 1.1epBeHH Hflua, a _B cpe,ll.aTa - 6HJIO. KaKTo
llepBeHHTe, T'l:.H H 6SIJIOTO ca c6BH.TH C H33'b6'lleIUI 'TecTeBH BeHqe'fa.
Tc.H KOJiaK ce JIOMH Ha TpanesaTa, a C'blll.O T8KHBa ce HOC.HT H Ha KJj'bCT-
HHKa H Ha pO)l.HTeJIHTe Ha 6yJIKara, aKO HMa MJia.n.a 6y,JIKa ..
· B c. 4ynP,eHe, EeJicr paJJ.tIHll.JKO, 6a6a EJIKa MapKoBa, 1884 r .. ,
Mec11 eeAuKceHcK:u Kpaeau, _npeJJ.cTaBeH B ·pHc. N2 232. Do-roJIHM KBac-
HWK, tOHTO ce ruapH C BeHeU H )l.Ee·-TecreBH np'bl.JKH - Kpbroae,· Ha-
3'bOtJeJUI c ·crpH6Kara. B cpe,naTa Ha BeHeua ce 3a60>KJ(a -6HJio HHUe,
a B'bH OT BTOpHH Kp'br Ha lleTHpHTe CTP3J:IH (rope Ji ,ll.OJIY ,··B)lHCH(f H
BJIHBO) HMa t;eTHPH qepBeHH- HHUa (nepallIKH), ·ooBUTH C TecTeBH KO-
1

JieJU.1.a HJIH- KOJiatJeTa.

T C.H XJUI6 ce llCMH Ha rpanesara H OT 6.HJIOTO .HilUe :Ce KOMKaT
EC~~KH )lOM3llIHi\_ ; qepaeH1-1Te HHU8 _ce CK'bTBaT 38 JieK npe3 TO)lHHaTa .
AKO HMa B K'hI.IJ.aTa MJia,na 6yJIK8,T8KHBa KpaBaH ,Ce "M~c.srr ·om.e
.ZI.Ba.: .~;I.HHHSlT ce HOCH ·B Kp'bCTHHKa C KOKCllll<a H oll(e )l.ecenrua llepae-
lfH-'1JHUa H 6'bK.JJHua BHHQ, a JlpyrH11T ce HOCH B .n.oMa .Ha po.1\HTeJ1HTe'·1rn
-(>yJIK~Ta. .
568 11.HMHT'l,P MAPHHOB

·B c. -5IpJIOBHua, JloMcK·o, 6a6a TTopBa, 1884 r., MeCH eeAUKOeH-

CKUJi kOAGK, npe)loTaBeH B pHC. N2 233. TOH e KBaCHHK, OTrope HalllapeH
C , eJ\HH
TecTeB Kp'br;. H33'bOtieH C orpH6KaTa 3Hraar; B cpe)laTa Kp'bCTaru
H B cpe)laTa MY aa6o.n._ e ao 6.HJio Hfiue. OKoJio 'KpocTama Ha qeTHpH
CTpaHH {rope H )I.OJI)'' BJIHBO R B)l.HCHO) HMa aa6o)leHH B KBaCHHKa qe-
THPH qepeeHH Hilu.a H o6BHTH a ThHKH KOJia11eTa. .
Tm1 XJIH6 ce HOCH H Ha KpoCTHHK, i,i Ha po)lHTeJIHTe Ha 6ynKaTa,
a KO HMa a K'bI.IJ.aTa MJia)la 6yJIKa .
. B · c." BoJIKOBa CJiaTHHa 6a6a ·faHa B 1885 r. MecH eeAuKiJeHCKUJl
KO/WK, e)lH8K'bB C npe.n.cTaBeHHH B pHC. N2 233. TOH XJI.H6 ce qynH Ha
TpanesaTa; OT 6.HJJ010 'HHU.e ce ·KOMK8T BCHtJKH )lOM3IllHH, a qepeeaHTe
CK'bTB8T 38 UHp.
AKO HMa MJia)la 6yJJKa, MeCHT ome )lB8 T8KHB3 KOJiaKa: e)lHHHH
38 Kp'bCTHHKa, a .n.pynrn - 38 pO)lHTeJIHTe H8 6yJIKaTa.
B c. CTy6en, KyTJIOBCKo, 6a6a TTeHa PHcToBa, 1885 r., MeCH
BeJIHK)leHCKHH x;u1.61- 602oeul{a, npe)lcTaBeH B p:nc. N2 234. Toir e
no-roJHIM KBaCHHK C THH mapKH: Ha cpe}laTa ce 3860)K)I8 6.HJIO HHUe;·
Tyii Hiiue ce o6rpa)K)la c Kpor11e, HarnapeHo c orpH6KaTa aHraar; OT
TOSI Kp'br ce npaBH C orpH6KaTa Kp'bCT HJIH Kp'bCTa11i; Me)K)ly KJIOHOBeTe
Ha Kp'bcTarna ce 3800)K)l8T tieTHpH t.IepBeHH HHU.8 (nepaI.llKH)' a BCHKa
nepamKa ce o6Kp'b)KBa c npecetJeH JJ'bK, npaBeH naK c orpH6KaTa.
OcBeH THH BeJJHK)leHCKH XJISI0OBe B ueJIHH TOH Kp8H - JioMCKO,
Benorpa)ltJHillKO H KyTJIOBCKO, Mee.HT ome e.n.Ho Man1<0 xne6qe, Ha-
pe.1 1eHo TYK nepatuHuu,:1. TTeparnHHU8T8 e M8Jl'bK KBaCHHK, Ha cpe.l{aTa
nepamKa, a oTrope H KP'h~Tarn. HaqepTaHHeTo MY TyK He. AaBaM;
me ce BH)lH B )K. cTap., III, 291, N2 51.
B c. BeJJHU.HTe, MxTHMaHcKo, B MaxaJJaTa 4epKBa 6a6a AHreJIHHa
MapHHOBa, 18 .HH. 1904 r . , MeCH eeAUKOeHCKU Kpaeau, npe)lCTaBeH a
pHc. N2 235. KpaBaHT ce npaBH OT no-)l'bJira TecTeBa )le6ena npotIKa,
nperJJieTeHa TPH TI'bTH, Ka_KTO ce BH)K)la B pHCYHKaTa, H Kpamn.aTa H
aaBHTH B Kp'br Ha )I.Be CTpaHH . rope HMa OHJIO.HHUe, a B 38BHTHTe KpaH-
m.a 'H B'bB BTOpHH 3aBHT'bK HMa TPH qepBei-IH HHIIa.
To.SI KpaBaH HOC.HT MJJa)lHTe 6yJIKH Ha Kp'bCTHHKa H .Ha p0P-i1Te-
JUITe CH.
B c. OtJyrua. CaMoKoBcKo, MHJJOHK.a AH,rr.onoaa, po.l{oM' OT (M°.]
BaCHJIHUHTe, 26 HH. 1904 r., MeCH BeJIHK)leHCKH XJISI6, HapelleH
T~K n11emeHUlflt, tJHeTO HatJepTaHHe ce BH:>K)la B pHC. N2 236. IlpaaH· ce
-OT JI.Be J(e6eJIH TeCTeBH npo.:.!KH; Kp'bCTOCaHH KaTo Kp'bCTarn; Ha Kpa'H-
m.aTa TOH Kp'bCTam e pa3ueneH C orpH6KaTa H ca 3aKpHBeHH B Kp'brose.
Ha cpe.n.aTa Ha KpocTama HMa tiepeeno .HHU.e, c6rpa,ll.eHo c KO..'laqer
Ha3o6qeHo c orpn6Ka. ·
Ta.SI IlJieTeHHUa MJia)lHTe 6yJIKH HOC.ffT 'Ha Kp'bCTHHKa H Ha poAH-
renHTe CH. . -1 ~

B c .. Pa)loHJJ, CaMoKoBcKo, DeHKa MHnqeaa, 2 ct,eap. 1904 r ••

MeCH BeJIHK;l(eHCKH XJrn6, HapetJeH n~emeHUL{a, 'llHeTO HatiepTaHHe ce
BIUK)la a pnc. N2 237. Toii e KBaCHHK, B cpenaTa MY KpocTalllKa, npe-
p E JI .H I' H O 3 H H O B H if A If 569
iapaHa orrope Ha e.nHo 11epBeHo siiiue, Koero e 3a6y1IeHo B cpe,.nara.
H~ 11en1pHre crpaHH. Ha Kp'bCTaillKaTa ca 3a6yqeHH qeTHpH .HHUa,oT
K0'HT0 rpH ca qepaeHH, a [ qeTB'hpToTo I .n.ony - 6HJIO.
TaH nJieTeHHUa MJia)J.aTa 6yJIKa HOCH Ha Kp'bCTHHKa H _pO;l;HTe-
Ji11Te CH. ·
ComHSIT XJISI6 ce qynH Ha rpane3ara.
B c. fopHH OKoJI, comara OK0JIHH, UeHKa XpHcTaKeBa, Kpocr~-
H.a Aop.n.eaa H CeaacTH.H HeHKoaa,· 28 HH. 1904 r., MecHxa aeJIHK.D.~·H-
-cKH XJIH6, Hape11eH eeAuKOeHCKU KOAQK, qHeT0 Ha1IepraHF1e ce BIUK)J.a B
pm:. N2 238. KsacHHK c HHl{eBH.D.Ha ¢opMa, tta cpe;naTa HMa ::\a6ytJeHo
'lepseHo HHUe; ryfi HHUe ce o6rpa)K.n.a c Kp'bcTaill, HaillapeH c Hanpy~-
nH. TTpH Bce1n1 'br'bJI Ha Kp'bCTarna HMa HHUe, H·o TaKa, moro OT ,ABeTe
crpaH~ (BJIHBO H B.D.HCHO) ca qepBeirn, a rope H )J.0JIY - 6eJIH HHUa.
:'fHH .HHUa ce o6rpa)K)J.8T C)J.Be BeHKH, K0HTO rope ce CKJiaTIHT H o6pa3y-
BaT TpH'br'bJJHHUH. TH.Si BeHKH ce npaBHT c orpH6KaTa.
ToH RoJiaK ce qyrrn Ha rpane3ara . A Ko HMa MJia.n.a 6ynKa, rora-
Ba ce MeCHT ome )J.Ba TaKHBa KOJiaKa: e)lHHHHT 33 Kp'bCTHHKa, .n.pyrHHT
sa pO.D.HTeJIHTe Ha 6yJIKaTa.
B c. Banattoso, JlynHHillKO, cpemHax eeAuKoe1--tcKu KOAaK, 1rn:ero
HaqepraHHe ce BH)KJJ.a B pHc. N2 239. KsacHHK c no-roJIHM Kp'bcTam,
Hfill.lapeH C orpH6Ka. Ha 4eTHpHTe crpam~ HMa qerHpH .HHUa,.oT K0HTO
,ca·-.n.se 6eJIH H .D.Be 11epBeHH,BCHKO o6Kp'b)KeHO C'bC CJI'bHUe, HanpaBeHH
c ocrpynrna. 1
B c. KopKHHa, KIDcTeH)lHJitKo,. B Kpamu.ero Pa3MeTaHHUa cpem-
~ax TPH BeJIHK.D.eHCKH XJIH6a, 4HeT0 Ha4epraHHe e npe)lcTaBeHO B
pHC. N2 240, ~41 H 242. .
Xm16'bT, npe.n.craseH B pHc. N2 240, ce Ka3Ba eeAuKoencKu KO-
.AlIK. Toft ,ce npaBH or .n.e6en recres np'hT, pa3nJiecKaH; ropHHHT H
){OJJHHHT KpaH ce pa3uenBaT C OCTPY*KaTa H THH KpaHma ce 3aBHBaT
B Kp'hr. B cpe.n.ara· ce ry)KJJ.a qepaeHo .HHUe, a B tJeTHpHre MY 33BHTlf
KpaHma .- 11erHpH 6eJIH HHUa. .
. Xn.H6'hr, npe.n.craBeH B pHc. N2 241, c.e Ka3Ba eeAuKoeHcK.a KyK11a.
Toft: ce npaBH oT no-.ne6ena recreaa np'htiKa c'bc ,CKJioneHH Kpam.u.a,
Kp'bCT0CaHH; C TYH Kp'bCTOCBaHe ce o6pa33/BaT .use OTBepCTHH: _ropH0
(no-THCHO) H ,llOJIHO (no-nrnpoKo); )lOJIHOTO OTBepcn1e e eJIHTICOBH,llHO.
~ ropHOTO OKp'brJieHO OTBepcrHe e ry,neHO qepBeHO HHUe. TaH Be-
JIHK)leHCKa KYKJia ce HOCH Ha MJia.D.a 6ynKa.
XnH6'hr, npe.n.craaeH B _pHc. N2 242, ryK HOCH H33Bam1e kYKYA-
11._uK. Toi% e no-)Ie6ena H ,ll'hJira recr.eaa np'httKa, yaHra B'bB BHJJ. Ha Kpir,
69
1<3TO 3MHH, a Ha cpe.n.aTa 11epBeHO HHUe.
To.ff KYKYJIHHK ce MeCH B noeeqe xJie6qera, 3amoro ce .n.aaa Ha
·;n.eua; KOHTO. 6Hxa .lJ.0illJIH a '.Komara Ha BeJJHK)leH.
69 [ITOCO'leHHSIT XJISl6 no,n M 242 JIHDCBa B npHJIO>KeHHSITa, T'bH Karo e
D'O;I\06eH Ha XJJS16a e pHC N!! 151, C8MO "le npH BMHKAeHCKHSI KYKYJIHHK Ha cpe)iai'a
ff.Ma u.e,p.a.e.w:> Muue. .
570 JJ.H _M HT1,P AfAPHHOB

B c. JinraKoBo, OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a To)lopa rr. XpHcroBa H ~a6a

B1>JIKaHa Deiioeima, 20 aer. 1890 r., Mecuxa eeJIHK)leHcK•rn x1rn6.
npe)J.cTaBeH B pHc. N2 243. Toii ce rrpaBH oT e)ltta .ne6eJJa TecTeBa np'hq-
Ka C Kp'bCTOC3HH H )lB3Ta 1<p8HW.3. ll.oJiy H rope ca 3a6yqeHH JI.Be 11ep-
BeHH .HHUa, a OTJI.HBO H OT)l.HCHO - )lBe 6eJIH .ffHUa. Toft ce· K33B;,I ee-
/lUKiJeHCKU Kpaeau .
Tm• KpaaaA 6yJIKaTa HOCH y Kp'bCTHHK8 H ~ )lOM8 Ha po.!{HTeJIHTe-
CH. C1>W.H.HT Kpaaa11 ce JIOMH Ha Tpane3ara. 51iiuara ce qyn.HT Ha 7pa-
ne3ara.
B c. 516JiaHHUa, TereeeHcKo, 6a6a ByKa MapKcBa MeCH eeAuK-
oeHCKU Kpaeau, npe,u.craee·H e pnc. N2 244·. To.ff Kpaea11 e JlCC)'W. no-
)J.c6eH Ha Ko.JJe)lHH.H Kpaaaff. npe,ncraeeH a pnc. N2 90 H rrpaaH ce no
C'J>lll.H.ff HatJHH, CaMO 11e TyKa Ha cpet1.aTa HMa 3a6ylleHO 6.HJIO .HiIUe, a
Me:m.ny KJIOHOBeTe Ha Kp1>craruKaTa - JI.Be qepBeHH .HHUa.
Tc.ff BeJIHKJ.I.eHCKH KpaBaH ce JJOMH Ha rp~nesara II OT .H~U.aTa
BKYCBaT - KOMKBaT ce BCHllKH, npeJlH )la .ff)!.aT Meco.
AKO HM8 MJia)la 6yJIKa, Mee.HT cm.eJ.I.Ba TaKHBa KpaEa.H - ·eJ.I.HHH.HT
33 KpnCTHHKa, a )lpyrH.HT 38 pO)lHTeJII-ITe ua 6yJIKaTa.
. B c. KoJ1H6HTe, Tpo.HHcKo,. 6a6a ITeHa MHtJeBa OJiaTnapKaTa,.
15 IOJIH 1898 r. ; MeCH Ge/lUKOeH{KU KOAGK, rtpe)lCTaBeH B pHC. N~ 245.
ToH KOJiaK e J.I.OCYUI. e)lH8K'bB Ha KOJie)lHH.H KCJI8K, npe,ncTaBeH B pHC .
N2 85, C8MO C T8SI pa3HHIJ:a, qe B TC.ff - BeJIHKJ.I.eHCKHH - KOJlaK. Ha
CJlle)laTa HMa 3a6ytJeHO qepBeHO .HHll_e, c6rpa.u.eHO C BeHeu., H83'btreH c-
orpH6Kara; npe3 .Hiiu.ero npeMHHae·ar ,naaTa cTpnKa Ha KpncTaIDa .
BnH OT noJiyKpnrmne Ha31i6tJeHH recreBH JI'bKOEe HMa .u.ae 6eJIH ·H .z:tEe
1.1epaeHH .Hiiua.
To.ff KoJiaK ce JIOMH Ha Tpanesara n OT 6eJIHTe .Hiiua ce· o,wp·r:ceam
(KCMKaBaT) BCHllKH, npeJ.I.H .11.a .HJ.I.8T Meco.lJepEeHHTe ce CK'hTBaT 38 JIEM(.
B c. TonJieIIJ, fa6pOBCKO, MH MeCHXa ee;zuKaeHCKU KOAGK, K{)HTO
no CBCeTO HaqepfaHHe npHJUfl!3 ,n.o::yw. Ha KOJie.UHHH KOJiaK, npeJJ.CTa-
BeH B pHC. J\J'!i 83 . -
To.ff BeJIHK;J.eHCKH KOJl3K e npe)I.CTaBeH B pHC. N2 246 C 6eJIHTe
H qepaemne .HHU8, KOHTO 33M€CTB8T UEeTCBeTe B KCJieJ.I.HH.H KOJlaK.
81>B BeJIHK)leHCKHH HMa mecT HHU.a: )lBe 6eJIH H tJeTHpH qepBeHH.
_Tm1 KYJiaK ce t:tynn Ha rpanesara.
AKO HM8 MJ18)l8 6yJIKa, rcraBa ce MeCHT cme JI.Ba TaKHBa KOJI3Ka,.
OT KOHTO e)lHHHHT ce HCCH B Kp'bCTHHKa, a JI.pyi'HHT B )I.oMa H8 6yJIKH-
HHTe pO,lI.HTeJIH .
B c. ToJI.bOBUH, EJieHcKo, 6a6a MoMa CTe<paHoBHUa H 6a6a Ma-
pH.H CrceHHUa THTboBara, 26 JQJIH 1890 r., MecHxa eeAuKiJe_HCKU xpa-
eat1., npe.u.cTaBeH B pHc. N!! 247. Tc.H eeJIHK)le~cKH . Kp_
a eaii npijJ1H1.1a
J;locym. Ha KOJie)lHaTa 6oroaHua, npe.ncraeeHa a pnc. N2 78, caMo 'le
TyKa HMa qepBeHH H 6eJIH HHU8. 0Trope B'bp~y TH.ff HHUa ce,_n-peKapBa
Kp'hCTalIJ TecreB, a TIOCJI,e 11pe,3 BCHKO .HHUe ce npeKapaa TOlKe M3'1t'bK
KpncTaIIJ. Cpe.nHoro ce sarpa.>K)la cm.e c eeHeu.
pEJIHI'H03 . HH 05H'IAl1 57'1
ToSI Kpaaaif ce '4YTIH Ha Tpane3aTa, a c xm16a H HHUaTa ce oM-
pbteaT, T. e. c6Jia)KBaT, npeJlH ,Ila HJlaT Meco.
. AK~ HMa MJia,lla 6yJIKa, MeCflT cme JlBa no.no6HH Kpaaa.H.
B c. na.n0Map1rn, T'bpttoBcKo, 6a6a HaaHKa Kapa Ty.nypHua,
28. HOCMB. 1904 r., MeCH eeAuKaeH.CKU Kpaeau, KOHTO e rrpe,ncTaBeH
a 'p:ifc. N2 ~48. KpaBaHT HMa B cpe,llaTa qepaeHo Hfiue, o6rpa,netto c·
Kpb~ OT .nae rrpenJieTeHH TecTeBH rrp'b'4KH; OT 'lleTHpHTe CTpaHH H·Ma qe-
TJIPH SIHUa; JlBe 6eJIH (BJHIBO H BJlSICHO) H .nae ttepaemf (rope H ,noJiy),
o6rpa,neHH c BeHUH. HocH ce Ha Kp'bCTHHK<i.
TyK 6a6a HaattKa MecH ome e.nHH aeJIHK,neHCKH x.rrn6, ttapeqeH
Ril'leHUK, rrpe,llcTaBeH B pHc. N2 249. ToH HHtteHHK ce JIOMH Ha Tpane3a-
Ta, Ta ce OMpbCBaT, T. e. BCeKH xanHyBa OT XJIH6a H HHUaTa,rrpe.n.11
,n.a H)laT Meco.
Tcfl siiitteHHK e no-ro.TJHM KBaCHHK c HHUeBH.ZJ.Ha ¢opMa, crrJJec-
K~u~; 3a6ytteHH ca ,nae_.HHUa: rope 11epaetto, a .u.ony 6.HJio. OTrope
Bbpxy S[HllaTa Hne TecTeB Kp'bCT.
B c. Kotta1<, EcKH)l.)KyMaHCKO (npeceJieHH OT c. KoHaK, Jlo3eH-
rpa_ 11cKo): oaoa )loua )l(eJIH30B8, 24 ttoeMB. 1904 r., MeCH cJie,nHHTe
BeJIHK.lleHCKH XJJH6oae, npe)lCTaBeHH a pHC. N!? 250 H 251.
XJJSI6'hT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N2 250, ce HMettyaa eeAuKae1tcKu
KOJIQK . 1oii e KB8CHHK H. orrope MY WMa TaKaBa rnapKa: Kp'bCTam C
p~·3ueneHH Kpamna; a· cpe,llaTa qepeeHo .HHUe, o6rpa,neHo c aeHeu;
M·e:>K)ly CTp'bKHTe Ha Kp'bCTama TPH tiepBeHH H e,llHO 6HJIO SIHUe.
· Tosi .KOJlaK ce JICMH Ha Tpane3aTa H·BcHtJKH ce K0MKaBaT (oMp'bc-
BaT) OT Hero: .38Jl'bK X.JIH6 C M8JIKO SIHUe H ITOCJie SI)laT Meco.
· ·xJrn6'hT, npe.u.c-iaaeH a pHc. N2 251, ce Ka3Ba ee'AuKoeHcKu Kpa-
eau. Toi% e KBaCHHK, mnuapeH c JI.Ba Kpora oT )lBe npenJierettn recreBH
npoqKH; Me:>K)ly nm KporcBe ca sa6ytJeHH, rope H .no.,y, ,nae ttepae-
HH Him.a. .
Tcfl Kpaaaii ce HOCH Ha KpoCTHHKa.
B c. PHm, TI peC.laBCKO, 6a6a netta .llHMHTpHUa, 21 uoe~rn .
1904 r., MecH eeAuKiJeHlKU Kpaeau, 1IHeTo tta11epTaHHee npe.u.cnrneHo
B jrnc. N2 252. MaJIKa Kp'bcTamKa c tieTHpH 11epaettH sit!ua; TaH Kpb-
cTarnKa e orracatta C Kp'br OT )I.Be nperrJieTeHH TeCTt'BH np'bqKH H OKOJIO
TOSI Kp'br TTO•J{e6eJI TecTeB tteCKJIOIT€H Kp'br.
Tosi xpaeaA ce qynH Ha Tpane3aTa H ce KOMKaBaT, a C'bI.IJ.0 TaK'bB
ce HOCH H Ha Kp'bCTHHKa. '
B c. Boi%ao,na, lliyMettcKo, 6a6a BoAKa CeMhOHOBa, 6a6a Be--
JJH1I1<a 5ItttieBa H ,np., 7 HOeMB. 1904 r., MeCHXa BeJIHKneHCKHfl XJISI6,
60
Hapel!ett Ri1',eHuK, KCHTO e npe)l.cTaBeH B pHc. N!! 256. • KaacHHK G"
ru~p._KH: Ha cpe,llaTa sa6yt.IeHo qepaeuo flHUe H orrope My KpocTocaHa

c~I 8 TeKCTa 38.TOp'bT e nponycHan OTIHC3HHeTO'Ha BenHK.ll.eHCKHTe XJJH60Bf,

npe~cr~BeHH B p~c. N2 253, 254 " 255. 13
6eJJe>KKa TOH JJ.06aBH' tte XJIB60BeTe
M 253 H 254 ca MeCeHH s c. CMHJI.OBO, lliyMeHCKO, H ce HapHttaT: Ii'bpBHH1 -
~pqeat1, . a BTOpHHT - Ko,,aK,j
 572 JlHMHT ''bP MAPHHOB

TeC'l'eB3 · Kp'bCT31DK3 C'bC 33BHTH i<paHIU3. fope H OT .nae-re· CTp~HH.

(snsrno H B.llHCHo) TPH qepaeHH HHUa, a .nony - 6j1JIO.
TOH _HiiqeHHK ce qynH Ha TpanesaTa, Ta ce KOMK3BaT l3CHIIKH,
npe.nH .ZJ.aHJJ.aT Meco. .
. AKO HM3T 6ynKa, MeCSIT ome e)lHH T3K'bB HilqeHHK 33 KpoCTlt~Ka.
B c. X 'b pcoao, Ill yMelicKo, 6a6a TieHa ,U-oqeaa, l O HoeMB.1904 r . ,
MeCH )lBa BeJIHKJ].eHCKH XJIH6a, npe)lcTaBeHH B pHC. N2 257 . H ·258.
· · XnH6iT a puc. M 257 ce HMeHyea RU'll!HUK. Toil e HawapeH c
_Kp'LcTani H c· neT qepeeHH Hiiua. Hero cnaraT Ha BeJIHK.llelf: Ha Tpane-
3aTa ·H ro pa311yneaT; eceKH B3eM.a no e)lHH 3a.11'LK ( oMp'bcaa--r ce), npe.nH
.na H)laT Meco. ·
. XnSI6'bT B pHc . .N2 258 -ce HMeHyBa eeAuKiJeHCKU KOAQK. Toil e
KBaCHHK C TaKHBa mapKH: H8 cpe)l.aTa qepBeHO HHUe; OKOJIO Hero ·Kp'Lr
OT no-.ne6ena TecTeBa np'LttKa, npeceKBaHa c JI.Ba npocTa, a OKOJIO TOH
Kl)'Lr qeTHpH HHl.(a, OT K0HTO: rope H OT )l.BeTe CTpaHH (BJIHBO H B)lffCHO)
ca qepBeHH, a )l.0JIY - 6HJIO. . _ .
c
. ToH KoJiaK ce Ma:>Ke oTrope Siiiue H ce HOCH ~a Kp'hCTHHKa, Ha
6amaTa Ha. 6ynKaTa H Ha .n.eeepa; HocSIT ome H .n.pyrH tI~peeHH Hiiua.
B c. T10pKapHayTnap,TipoaaJJ.HHCKo (npeceneHH OT c . .LI.eenernu-
araq, J1o3eHrpa,llcKo, O.n.puHcKo), 6a6a He.n.enSI reoprueaa, 11 H0eMB.
I 904 r., Mecu eeAuKae1tcKu Kpaeati, npeJJ.cTaBeH a puc. N2 259. KeacliHK
:c ma'pKH: 0Trope JI.Ba Jl'bKa, e)l.HHHHT no-roJIHM, a ,n.pyrHHT ITO-M3JI'bK;
.B He,n.paTa Ha TH.SI ,II.Ba Jl'bKa e 3a6ytJeHO no e)lHO qepBeH0 SIHUe. .
B c. Enecq:,aK-6·, Dpoaa;rnikKo (npeceneiiH OT Mana A3HH., Bpy-
ceHcKH BHJiaeT, c. fho6en), 6a6a He.ne;:rn HaaHoBa .LI.06110 CToeHHUa,
13 H0eMB. 1904 r., MeCH TPH BeJIHK)l.eHCKH XJIH6a, npe,llCTaBeHH a pHC.
'N2 260, 261 H 262.
XJIH6'bT B pHC. N'2 260 ce HMeHyBa 6eAuKaeHCKU KO/lQK; TOH .KBaC-
HHK e HawapeH OTrope C neT HHU3,0T KOHTO: rope HMa 11epBeHO RHUe,
o6r-pa,n.eHo c Kpaaaiitte, a na cpe,n.aTa )lony H OT cTpaHHTe ca 3a6yqeHH
9erHpH 6eJJH Hiiµa. ToH XJJ5J6 ce cnara Ha Tpane3aTa, JJOMH ce H ce
.KOMKaBaT ,n.o~alllHHTe, npe)la Aa xanHaT 6Jia:>KHO H,1_1H .na HJiaT Meco.
XJIH0bT B puc. N2 ·26l ce HapHlla eeAuKaeHcKa KYKAa.
3a Ta.H KyK-na me roaopHM TYK no-,n.ony, xoraTo ce roa_opH .3a
xyMH~HTe. · -
XnSI6'LT B pHc. N2 262 ce Hapulla 'eeAuKoeHcKu Kpaeau. Tpu
TeCTeBH . Kp'LI'OBe cneneHH; B'bHK3lllHHHT C Kp1>CT~aHH -Kpaum.a; B1>B
B'bTpelllHHH 3a6ytJ:eHp qepBeHo HAue.
TOSI Kpaaaii ce· HOCH B KPl>CTHHKa.
B c. Aft3JIH, honoacKo (npeceneHH H3 O,n.pHHCl<O, JlHMOTHi.uKo),
6a6a Coq:>H.H AHrenoBa, 26 H?eMB. 1904 r ., Mecu eeAuKa~HCKU ,cpaeaii,
q_ife-ro·\ia'llepTaHHe ce BH:>K,n.a B pHc. N2 263. Ha BenHK.lleH w.e :ce cqyn-H
:6·ffJIOTb .ffHUe H me ce KOMKaB·aT c Her_o , K_aTo qynHT H 38JI'hK X;TISl6 OT
KpaBaH.
B c. IOnep, TyTpaKaHcKo, J899 r., Mecuxa MH eelluKoeH'cKu ko-
pEJTHI'H03HH OEJ,fl./AJ,t 573
,?GK, trnero HatiepTaHHe e npe)J,CTaBeHO B pHC. N2 264. Toii e KBaCHHK,
HamapeH C Kp'hCTalll H Jl'hKOBe H tieTHpH qepBeHH HHUa.
ToH XJIH6 ce qynH Ha Tpane3aTa H c Hero ce KOMKaBaT r npeJlH
)la ce c6Jia)l<.aT c Meco.
B c. nHproc, PyceHCKO, 1899 r ., cpem.HaX BeJIHK)leHCKH XJIH6,.
KOHTO HOCH Ha3BaHHe 6e/lUKOeHCKU KO/IGK . Tott e KBaCHHK C rnapKH:
Ha· cpe)laTa 6HJIO .ffHUe, orpa.neHo c HeCKJJIOtieH KpaBaH; OKOJIO TOSJ
KpaBaH .n.pyr HeCKJIIOtJeH Kpaaaft; rope H )(OJIY HMa 3a6ytJeHH ,nBe tJep-
BeHH siitua.
HaqepTaHHeTO Ha_TOH KOJiaK e npe.ncTaBeHO B pHC. N2 265.
OHJIOTO HHUe ce 11ynH H C'bC 38Jl'bK OT KOJiaKa CJIY>KH 38 KOMK8BaHe
T. e. OT Hero ce BKYCBa M8JIKO, npe.nn .na .H)J.aT 6JI8)KH0.
KaTo H3CJie,nBax HapoAHHH )KHBOT B TyTpaKaHcKo, BaJI6yHapcKo
H AP· OKOJIHH B ,UeJIHOpMaHa, )(eTo HMa pa3np'bCH3TH 6oJirapcKH ceJiat
npeceJieHH OT .npyrH 6'bJirapcKH Kpamu,a, a3 cpem.Hax e)(HO pH,nKo HB.-
n.ettHe-. Me>K.ny TypcK0T0 HaceJieHHe HMa e)IHa peJIHfH03Ha ceKTa,.
~apetieHa K.1,31,116ar.u (K'h3'hJI6arn 3HatJH qepBeHa rJiaaa). TexHH.HT *":.
BOT, a oco6eHO T.HXHOTO BHpBaHe H peJIHfH03HH o6HtJaH H o6pe)J.H npeA-
CT3BJIHB3T e)lHO MHOfO HHTepecHO H B3>KH0 .HBJieHHe 3a 6'bJirapcKH.ff.
eTHorpa<p.
Ko3'bJI6arnHTe ca p331lp'bCH3TH no MHOro ceJia B neJIHOpMaHa~
HM3 rH B To3JiyKa, a cpem.ttax K'h3'bJI6arnH H B repJI0BCKHTe ,;-ypcKH
ceJJa. TeXHHHT )KHB0T, Il0K'blll.HHHaTa, .HCTHHTa, o6peJJ.HTe H o6HtJ3HTe
npH CM'bpT, pa>K)J.aHe H BeHtJaBaHe H om.e MHOfO JJ.pyrH C'bB'bpllieH0 ca:
6JIH3KH K'bM 6oJirapHTe. C1,6paHHTe eTHorpa<pHtJeCKH M3TepH3JIH cne-
UH3JIHO 3a K'h3'bJI6anrnTe a3 me o6Hapo)J.BaM JlpyraJJ.e, a TYK caMo me
cnoMeHa MOeTO TB'bp)J.O 33KJUOlleHHe, qe TH.H K'b3'bJI6amH me ca 6HJJJl
mrnora xpHCTHHHH 6orOMHJIH, a nocJie qpe3 fOJIHMO HaCHJIHe 6HJIH
npHHy)J.eHH Jl.3 npHeMaT HCJIHM3. 3a T.HXHaTa H3pOJI.HOCT a3 6e3 KOJie6a-
HHe 6HX K333Jl, tJe ca, 6'bJirapH, KaKT0 ca 6oJirapH H JlpyrHTe H3lllH"
c1:irpa>K)J.8HH, H3CeJieHH B c. BoHBOJJ.3KbOH H JJ.p., KOHT0 TO>Ke He 3H3.HT
61,nrapcKH. ~
B PycettcKo HCHJIHCTpeHcKo K'b3'hJJ6arnHTe ttacemrnaT cJieJlHHTe-
ceJia: Mec-HMMaxJie, Ka3'bHJia p, ,U>1<ecpepJ1ep, ,UeHH3Jiep, MerneMaxJiet
,Uait.nop, EH.ll>K.eKhOH, KapaJiap, AK-KaJJ.'bHJiap, Cy10T11yK, Ba.:1TaJI)KH
r
€HRKbOH, OJie6HHa H Ta6aKJiap.
B HHKOH ceJia ca 6HJIH CMeCeHH c TYPUH, HO a IIOBetJeTO OT THK
Hl6poeHH ceJia Te ca e)J.HHCTBeHHTe )KHTenH.
Te ca MHOro npHBop33HH K'bM 61,JirapHTe H 6'hJirapcKHTe BJJa-
CTH, .33lllOTO B rypcKO BpeMe ca 6HJIH )KeCTOKO npecJie)(BaHH 33p2)1.H
CBOHTe peJIHfH03HH y6e)K)J.eHHH' a )(HeCKa CB060)l.HO H31lOBHJJ.BaT
ceoHra peJJHrHH. KaJJ.'hHHTe HM ce KPH.SIT or TYPUHTe, HO OT 61,JirapHTe
HHK3K ce He KPH.SIT. Ha Tpane3aTa C.H)laT H M'b)Ke, H )KeH_H C roc.TeHHHa~
rQTBHT C'blll.H ro36H,. K3KBHTO H B-6'b,ilrapCKHTe K'blll.H; CBHpHT·C'bC CBHp-
KH, HrpaHT xopo MOMH H MOMUH· - ~3o6mo Koraro 6Hx Me)K,ny T~X,
a3 ce 1.1yBcrayaax, qe 6..HX B 6-bJirapcKa Korn.a .
.574· llHMHT'bP MAPHIIOU

B c. ll>KecpepJiep npeHoI.U,yBax H B Ta.H K:i,m.a 6a6a Hwrnce J(y:iia~

~exMe.nosa MH coo6w.n MHoro ueHeH eTHorpaq>HlieCKH MaTepHan.
Me)KJI.Y JI.pyrHTe cBe)I.eHHH TH MH MecH H c.ne)I.HHTe BeJIHK)I.eHcKH
xnH6ose, npe.ncTaBeHH s pHc. N2 266 H 267. ,
· XJlH6'hT ·s pHc. N2 266-ce ttapHtJa KoAa'I. Tofte KBacHH~ H oTrope
'H~ruapen C neT qepBeHH HHUa: e)I.HOTO Ha cpe)laTa, )I.Be OTJl.HBO- .H OT-
llHCHO H )I.Be rope H )I.OJIY - 06rpa)I.e1m C TecTeBH _B_eHUH; .Me>KJry FC1'1:(0
"HHU.e HMa 3Be3.ZI,H, Hanpaee1-m C. orpH6K~Ta . HJIH C BHJIHUa.
Xns:i6'bT s pHc. N2 267, Ha petieH Kpaeaii, e KBaCHHK c urnpKH:
·TecTe~ Kp'hr oTrope B'hpxy xJrn6~, a B ~peµ,aTa qepBeHo .HHIJ.e. _nocne
H8.ZIJI'h>K H Hanp51Ko ·ce Kp'bCTOCBaT TecTeBH _npotJKH e · Kpora. Kpol"bT H
"'T~cTeBHTe rrpot.IKH ca H260.nem-1 r'hcTo c .t.IepHH cTaqrn:.LI.H (cyxo rpo3.n,e}.
KonatJa cJJaraT Ha TpaneaaTa na Be.nnKH t.1eTs:i,pToK H ro pa3qyn-
-aaT, Ta HllclT OT Hero . .llpyraTa t.I3CT OCT8BHT sa Be.TJHK)leH.
KpasaHT HOC.HT B llOMa Ha 6arn.aTa Ha 6yJJKa,:a HJIH aK·o HHMaT
1
6ynKa, HOCHT ro Ha 6yJIKa, aKO HMa TaKaBa 6JIH3Ka pO)lHHHa, HJIH .B
.H.SIKOH 6JIH3KH pO)I.HHHH. .
. B _ tieTB'bpT'bK. OT)I.eJIHO qepDHT HHUa, KaKTO u 6oJirapHTe " · rH
·51,naT H pas)laBaT C'blli,O KaKTO H 60Jirap11Te. .
B c. EaJIBaH, TnpttoBcKo, 6a6a Kepa )Ke.,'1H3KOBa UoHq_osuua,
-4 asr. 1889 r . , Mec.:H oe_A.uKaeHcKu 1.paea'rl, tJHeTo Hat.1epTaH1-1e·ce BH.>1<,n.a
-~ pHC. N2 268.
ToH Kpasafi e KBaCHHK c HHUeo6paaHa cpopMa, o6ropttaT c TecTe-
na_np'htJ.Ka., lJHHTO ~paHw.a ce Kp'bCTOCBaT H 3aKpHBHT. Orrope Ha .KBac-
HHKa HMa KpocTamKa; J3 cpe.rtaTa Ha K'hCTamKaTa 11epBeHo HHU.e, a ·oKo-
.Jio Hero B paMeHeTe Ha· KpocTarnKaTa - qenrpH 6enH 5lii.ua.
B c. Ko3ap Eenette, Camu.onc:ko, 6a6a Mnqa 11Jniiiqeaa, 6 aer.
1889 r_.' MeCH 6eAuKael-lCKU KOAQK, tJHeTO HatJepTaHHe ce BH.>K)la ~ pm: .
.N2 26() ;
Tc.ff KCJiaK e no-rOJIHM KBactrnK C T3KHBa rnapKH: oTrope MY ce
·CJiara IllHpOK Kpor' KOJII{'bB e H x.1rn61>T; TOH Kpor ce Ha3'b~1rna C
orpH6KaTa, a a ~pnra BoT-pe KpocTarn. B .cpenaTa Ha KpncTama HMa
:~a6ytJeHO 6.HJJO HHUe, a ,OKOJIO K·pbCTarna lJeTHpH qepBeHH .SIHUa.
B rp. Te'ieBeHe 6a6a Be.TIHKa .na·1.10BHUa, 12 aar. 18<x.) r.-, MecH
·-cne,nHHTe .nea BeJIHK,lleHCKH .XJT.H6a, npe.ncTaBeHH B pHC. N2 270 H 271.
XnH6bT B pHc. N2 270 ce Ka3Ba RU'l.el-luK. Toft e KBaCHHK; arrope
MY HMa BeHeu TecTeB Ha3'b61IeH, a B cpeJJ.aTa neT HHUa; cpe,llHOTO e.6HJIO,
..a oKono Hero tieTHpH qepBeHH HHUa. · ·
Ha BeJIRK,neH cqynaaT 6.HJioTo· H:Aue H xanBaT ar ttero, a rroc.ne H
<Yr 11epBeijHTe.
XJIH61>"T B pHc.· N2 271 ce K33B8 KYKAa. TH e .nnnra .Tecreea np'hll-
Ka, ·ye1-1Ta , t.IeT_HpH TT'bTH C TPH OTBepCTHH; KpamuaTa ca 33KpRBCHK.
a
B l'OpHOTO OTBepcTHe HM3 qepBeHO HHU~, OTro·p ~ MY 1,Cp1>CT8lI.1. Ta.R
xyKna ce JJ.~rna Ha Mna)I.a 6ynKa OT po,q.HHHHTe _H.
B c. JleTHHua, JioaqaHcKo, 6a6a rKua B'hnqeaa llop6aJi.>KHeaa.
PEirlifH03HH 05Hf/AH 575
'23' a·sr. 1889 r., MeCH ee/luKaellCKU KO/laK, ttHeTO HattepTaHH.e ce BJOK)la
B pnc. N2 272.
J'OH KO,'laK Ce ttynH tt'a Tp8ije38.T8 H Ce .SJ,lJ.e.
HocH ce H Ha KpbCTHHKa, a ,lJ.aBa ce H Ha 6yJIKa. . .
B c. TypcKH TpocTeHHK, Hl-iKonoJic1<0, 6a6a Pyca HHKOJIOBa u
6~6a TieHa MHHllOBa, 22 JOJIH 1898 r., MeCHXa BeJIHK){eHCKH XJHJ6, Ha-
petJeH eeAUKOeHCKU Kpaeau, ~HeTO HatiepT8HHe e npeJJ.CTaBeHO B pHC .
.N2 273. ToH e KBaCHHK, HarnapeH C KpbCTaw H JlbK0Be, H83b6qeHH C
orptroKaTa; Ha cpe.nara nMa 6H.110 HHUe, o6rpa.neno c aetteu, a Ha qen1pH
CTpaHH HMa lltTHpn qepBeHif .SJHUa. '
BHJIOTO HHUe ce qymi ,Ha Tparre3aTa HOT nero ce ROMKaBaT BCHtf-
KHTe J.l.OM8lllHH, npe.nH Aa H,lJ.aT 6Jia)f{HQ.
· B c. MaparnKH Tp1,cTfHHK, TIJie_ BettcKo, 20 JOJIH 1892 r., 6a6a
J{par~Ha ToHGeBa H 6a6a IJ,etta TibllOBHUa MeCHXa BeJIHK.ll.eHCKH xm16, .
Hap«tia11 TYK RUl-(£HUK. Haqepra1mero MY ce BH:>KJI.a B pHc. N2 274.
1oil e· HHUe'BH)leH KBaCHHK; ua cpe.D.aTa MY ttepaetto Hfiue; orrope
Bl>PXY HHHeTO KpbCTarn; TOH KP'.bCTaw e o6Kpb>KtH c ..'1.Be. TeCTCBH npbq-
l<H, a Haii-HaKpaH orracaH c ,nBe nperrJieTeHH TecreBH npbttKH,
B c. 6mm CnaTHHcl, Op.HxoacKo, 6a6a Caaa HaattHUa, 6. aar.
1889· r. I MeCH BeJIHI{)leHCKH" x.n.s,6, ttapeqeu ee,1wweHCKU KO/latf., lIHeTo
-Ha'-IepTa1rne ce BH:>KJI.a B pHc. N2 275.
·•. ·s c. MaJiopar, OpHXOBCKo, 6a6a MapHH Cnn-KoHoaa, 2 aar.
1888 r., MeCH BeJJHK)I.eHCKH XJIH6, uapetJCH €eAUKCeHCKa 6Cc06Ul{Q
'lHeTO H8tI€pT8IIHe Ce EH:>K)I.a B pHC. N2 276.

* **
.UoryK ca BeJIHK)leHCKHTe o6pe.lI.HH XJIH60Be. OcBeH
1"H.H XJIH60BC HM8 H .npyrH, K0HTO C'bll.1.0 1aKa ca o6pe.ztHH; THH XJI_
~6oi-le
ca T. Hap . KYAlU'lUHU KOAQ'IU.
no-rope, npH ~YMHlieHeT0, cnoMeHaXMe, tJe M0MHTe, KOHTO ce
1<yMHt.IJ-fJIH, weer.m Ha KYJWl{Oma OT_Bpb6mu.r_a .no BeJIHK)J.eH. BcHKa
MOMa me npHr0TBH ow.e Ha BeJIHKH t.IeTBbpTbK oco6eH K0JiaK HJII{ Kpa-
B3H ,H CTOH KoJiaK H3 BeJIHK)J.eH me 0TH)J.e rrpH KYMHU8Ta ,na ce onpoc-rn:
H dr TOH M0MeHT aeqe He H roaee, T. e. xopryaa rrpeA HeH. ·
ToH KYMHlIHH KOJJ8t.J, T. e. KoJiaK, i:ipnroTBeH H3p0'-IHO 38 ,KYMH-
naTa t ce • MeCH OT M8HK3T3 HJIH 6a6aTa H3 MOM8Ta, rnapH ce H ce rrette
BeJ(HO ,C ,npyrHTC BeJIHK)leHCKH KOJ18UH J,iJIH KpaBaH. l1 THH Ko.iJaqH ca
~an'bCTpeHH c qepBeHH .afma; B TSIX JIHnCBa 6HJIO SlHLle. Te c_
e 0TJIHt.IaBaT
<:1,C. CB0HTe II'bCTPH rnapKH.
ETp HHKOH oT THH KYMHq_ HHJI Konaqn, K0HT0 ycrrsix Aa cpew.ua
np~ MOHTe OOHKOJIKH .
. B c_, Ene~q>aK'h, n posa.D.HHCKO,
MecHxa T3K'!>t;J KYMHllHH senMK-
JleHcKH Kpaaaif, ttapeqeH KYKAa, K3KT0 e rrpeACTaBeH B pHc. N2 261.
8 c. ,UepeKboA, K'b3'bf.larat.IK0., 6a6a Mop4>.a MecH . tcyMu11,un
KOllllKc; mapKH H ner qepaeHH nftua, KaKT0 e npe.Acraeeu e pKc. 277. Ng
576 JIHMHT1>P MAPHHOB

B c . Bpecoeo, A:ATocKo, 6a6a To.nopa BeJieBa Mecn KYMU.",.,H-

KOAaK C mapKH H neT 1.1epBeHH HHUa, KaKTO e _ npe)J.cTaBeH B pee. N2 278.
B c. IIIHnKa 6a6a .lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJJOBa_ Mecn KY.MU'IUH Kpa-
eau C mapKH H neT tlepBeHH HHUa. IIIapKHTe H HatJepTaHHeTO Ha nur
mapKH ce BH:>K)J.aT B puc. N2 279. .
B c. To)J.hOBUH, EJieHCKo, 6a6a MoMa CTecpaHoBHUa MeCH Ky-
Mut.tuH KoAaK c mapKH, KaKBHTo ce BH:>K)J.aT B pHc, N2 280. TyK HMa ner
qepeeHH .H:itua.
B c . Ko3ap BeJieHe, CBHlllOBCKo, 6a6a MH'-la l1JIHH1.Jeea Mece
KYMUU,Ul-t KOAQK C mapKH H Hal.lepTaHue, KaKBHTO ce BH:>K)J.aT B pac.
N2 281 . 11 TYK ca neT 1.1epaefin .HH ua.
B c. JlHTaKoBo, OpxaHHHCKo, 6a6a To.nopa n. XpHCTOBa H 6a6a
B'bJIKaHa Ilefloeuua MecHxa KyMutfun· Kpaeau, l.JHeTO Ha11epTaHHe e
npe.ncTaBeHo B pHc. N2 282.
B c. tiupeH, BpattaHcKo, cpei..u.Hax KYMU'iUH Kpaaau, tJHeTo Ha-
ttepTaHHe ce BH:>1<,Zla B pHc. N2 283.
B c. CTy6eJJ, KyTJJOBCKo, 6a6a IleHa X pucToBa Mecn KyMuqun
KOAQK C Hal.lepT8HHe H mapKH, KaKBHTO ca npencTaBeHH B pHC. N2 284.
B c. CMOJI.HHOBUH, KyTJIOBCKO, 6a6a Mapusr 8oHl.JeBHUa H 6a6a
MapHH B'bJil.JeBa MeCHXa KYMU'iUH KOAQK C mapKH, KaKBHTO ce BHJK)l~T
B pHC. N2 285.
B c. CTaKbOBUH, BeJiorpa,nqumKo, 6a6a BHJJ.a MeCH K/µIU'I.UH
XAR.6, tIHeTO HatiepTaHHe ce BH:>K)J.a B pHC. N2 286. 81
Tu.ff KYMHl.JHHH. HJIH KYMHUHHH KOJiaUH ca Belle Ha H3l.Je3Ba.He,.
KaKT0 e Ha H3tie3BaHe H CaMHSIT .o6pe)J. KYMHtieHeTO. TH.ff C'b6p3HH K
TYK . npe.na.zt.eHH XJISJ6oee )J.HeCKa Belle p.H)J.KO, MHOro PH.ll.KO ce ynoTpe-
6.HBaT H e caMHTe IT0C0tJeHH ceJia.

***
Ha BeJIHKH qete'bpT'bK ocBeH eancaHeTo Ha .siii-
uaTa H MeCeHeTo Ha BeJIHK,ZleHCKHTe o6pe)J.HH XJI.H6oee H3B'bpllJBaT· ce
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37
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MH )l.a){e TpH T8KHB8 IlHC8HH HHUa: e.ZJ.HOTO 38 MeHe, a .n.pyrHTe JI.Be 38
f'OCTIO.lJ.HHa Ha. EB. reweBa . H TPHTe npe)lCTaBJIHBaT .lJ.HBHa .>KHBOIIHCHa
KpacO'I'a. Ka3axa 'MH, qe THH HHUa rH nHcan caMHtJ.'hK OTeu KaJIHCTpaT.
H He me 6n)le qy;z:tHO. TpR6Ba )la 3HaeM, 1.J.e eceKH MOHax-nHcaTeJI
TpH6aa no e ,u.a 3Hae aemo ,u.a p,HcyBa 1.J.epKOBHa opHaMeHTHKa. Cne,u.o-
aaTeJIHO TaK'bB MOH8X m.e 3Hae H BeJIHK)l.eHCKH HHUa )l.a IlHWe.
Ha11ancTBOTO Ha HalllHH ETHorpaq>HtJ.eCKH Myaefl TpH6Ba ,u.a yno-
Tpe6H BCH1.J.KH CBOH YCHJIHH .n.a C'h6epe no Bb3MO.>KHOCT IlHCaHH HHUa
m BCHllKH KpaHma Ha HallleTO OTetJ.eCTBO, OT BCH1.J.KH H8llIH CB. o6HTeJIH,
Ha
38W.OTO KaKTO BCH1.J.KO, TgKa H IlHC8HH Te BeJIHK)l eHCKH HHUa ca
H3qe3Ba He. A IIHC8HH Te BeJIHK)l.eHCKH HHUa ca UeHHH npe,ll.CT 8BHTeJIH
.Ha HaWeTO TibpBOOHTHO .>KHBOilHCHO xy,u.o.>KeCTBO.
A H a Ta11 o6nacT 6nnrapc KHHT Hapo,u.eH ,u.yx e ,u.aJI MHoro CHJIHo
csoe npo.HBJieHHe.
H · e A e JI .H, B e n a KA e H, B ·o 3 K p e c e H H e. Ha C8f4HH
JleH B He.neJIH, BeJIHK.ZJ.eH, CTaBaT HRKOH 06H1.J.aH, KOHTO ca CTporo
peJI}trHO3HH H o6pe,ll.HH .'
TTopBH.HT 06H1.J.aH e nocemeHHeTO, KCeTO npaBH BCHKa MJia,na 6yn-
Ka Ha Kp'bCTH HK8, ,u.eaepa H Ha poAHTeJ IH1e CH, H OTHHC8 HeTo nOKAOH .
BcHKa 6yJJKa, npHApy.>KeHa HJIH OT M'b.>Ka CH, HJJH OT CBeK'bpBaTa,
m.e OTHAe II'bpBo B Kp1>CTH HK8, a nocJJe B p0.ZJ.11TeJIHTe CH, a HHK'b)l.e H
y ,Aeaepa CH, aKo .neaepn T e 6HJI ne 6paT'hT Ha MJJa.ZJ.o.>KetteKa, a HHKOH
~pyr. Ha )IeBepa ce XO.AH carvto nopBaT a ro~mrn , )lo,neTo He e po~HJia
6ynKaTa; pO)lH JIH, TH Belie He XO~H y ~eBepa. Y Kp'bCTHHKa XO~H ~o
TPH ro)l.HHH, a HHKOH ~o~HT H ,u.o neT-ruec T ro)lHHH . H .Y po.n.11TeJIHTe
CH
6ynKaT a me OTH~e caMo nopBaT a ro.nHtta .
BynKaT a TpS16Ba .na 60.n.e npeMett eHa B H8H-Kp8CHBaTa CH H fH3-
.ll8Ba rrpeMHH a - eeAuKaeHCKOmo cu pyxo. 1 H HOCH Ha nopBo MHCTO
BeJIHK.ZJ.eHCKHH KOJJaK H IIHC8HH repBeHH HHUa . HHKOH 6yJIKH np11-
1
582 JlHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

6aBfl·T H IUIJia ne'IeHa K0K0IIJKa. BcHtfKO ToBa,- ry.neHO B ·llHCTa r}t3)l~Ba

lllapetta Top6a, H~CH caMaTa 6yJIKa.CBeK'bpBaTa HJJH MJ13.Z{0}KeHeK'bT me
HOCH 6'bKJIHUaTa C BHH0. Terna BCH'JK0 ce Ka3Ba n.OK/lOH,. KaTO c~~HaT
B .Z{0Ma Ha Kp'bCTHHKa, 6yJI,Ka1'a me ueJiyBa p'bKa Ha Kp'bCTHHK_~ H
Kp'bCTI-IHUaTa H IfI.e HM ..na.ne TOp6aTa c Il0KJI0Ha; MJia.Z{O}KeHeK"QT me
11.eJiyBa p'bKa Ha 1(p'bCTHHKa H me MY .na.ne 6'bKJIHU8'.l"8, a ITOCJie me ue-
JiyBa p'hKa H Ha Kp'bCTHHUaTa. CeTHe me .ce.nttaT H me ·6'b.Z{aT no.:.
qepneHH . ·
. l(p'bCTHHUa'ra 3,J:tMa BCH'JK0 H3 Top6aTa; OT CBOH CTpaHa T_~ me
.napyaa 6yJIKaTa c aeJIHK)leHcKa KYKJia, npHroTBeHa Hapo'IHO 3a ~ejJ,
me ry.nH H HHK0JIKO IlHC8H~ HHll_a H TOBa me .na.ne Ha 6yJIKaTa. B'bKJIH-
uaTa me 6'b,ne H3npa3HeHa ~ HO _0THOBO H8Il'bJIHeHa C BHH0 OT THX}{QTO
BHH0 H Kp'bCT HHK'bT me .H ,na,ne Ha MJl8,ll0}KeHeKa.
C'blUOTO CTaBa H y po,n11TeJIHTe, H y .neaepa.
TTpH ToBa nocemeHHe 6yJIKaTa H MJia,no}KeHeK'hT me rJie,naT .na
ca . 38 06.ff)J. Ta MO' )J.eTo TOH AeH w.e o6H)J.B8T. O6HKHOBe HO IT'b PBHH. .JteH
OQ.ff)lBaT y Kp'bCTHHKa' BTOI}HH .- y po)lHTeJIHTe, a TpeTH.H - y Jl,e-
Bepa. ToBa e Il'bpBaTa f0)1.HH8. BTopaTa H ·TpeTaTa - o6HAB3T C3M0
y Kp'bCTHHKa H po.zuneJIHTe •
.To.SI AeH H M0MHTe, K0HT0 ca ce KYMHl.JHJIH, npe)J.H o6HJl 111.e 0TH-
)1.aT . C KOJiaK H ITHC8HH t.Jepi3eHH HHUa y KYMHUaTa . BcHKa MOMa me ce
.o6Jiet.Je 33 np'bB Il'bT K8T0 C'bB'bpllleHa M0Ma: C ITOK0CHHKa, C H8Hl:f,38 ►
C BeHe'U H 38KHTeHa, me B3eMe B mapeHa Top6a Il0KJI0Ha H me 0TJUJ.e B
J<YMHUaTa H~ npotuKa. KaTo· no,naa_a · 11a KyMaTa noKJI0Ha, MoMaTa ue-
JiyBa p'hKa H -cera me nporoBopH .
KaTp ce C'b6epaT BCHt.JKH M0MH, c.s1,naT H o6H,nBaT 3ae)lH0 Ha e.nHa
Tpane3a_ C T0Ba ce CB'bplllBaT KYMHt.JeHeT0 H KYMCTBOTO.
Cera HJle Ha.pe,n .npyr o6pe.n - · 1110.1ie1tKume. ·
JI IO JI e H K }f. TTdcJie o6HllB3HeTO ·BCHt.J~H M0MH, npeJlB0)K)l3Hlf
OT, KYMHUaTa, 0T:i-rnaT Ha 0Tpe,neHO M,H CTO, .n.eT0 'HMa .BHC0K0 H KJJ0-
necTo .IJ.'hpB0, H TaMo Bp'b3B3T JIIOJIKa . TyK cera ca .II0lllJIH H M0Mij}fTe •
.THH JIIOJieHKH, KaKT0 H BeJIHK)leHCKH1 e xopa, HM8T f0JIHM0 peJIH-·
TH03HO - MHTHtJeCKO 3HaGeHHe. Te ce ycTpOHBaT B '4€CT Ha caMO.B.H.-
JIHTe, . 3MeHoBeTe H 3MeHUHTe, TI 0CT0SlHHH peBHHTeJIH Ila xy6aB}ffe H
KpaCH,BH M0MH. . H Ha -KpaCHBHTe JleBeHT-IOH3UH. MOMUH .
Jl10Jie HKHTe H xopina ce yc:rpo.HBaT H B t.JecT Ha ~11owama (naµaHe)
6oAecm, a 'i'aKa c'h·mo H Ha e.npaTa cHnaHHua . 3aToBa Ha nm JIJOJieHKH.
npHC'bCTByBaT H MJia.II.» }KeHH H Aeua H BCeKH rJie,na ,qa 6'h.II.e TOH )leH
JIIOJieHH. I ,

· H a H-Hanpe.II ,JIIOJie.SIT .KyMHU8Ta . Jl10Jie.HT H HJIH e)lHa OT M0~HTe~

}fJIU,,.: HeHHHHT JIJ060BHHK. . .
,lJ.o)J.eTO e)J.Ha M0Ma Ce JIIOJiee, .IIpyrHTe, -ttape,neHH M3JIK0 .HaCTpa- .
Ha B pe.ZUUlH, ne.SIT o6pe)lHHTe·, JI 10 JI e HK H-n e c H H.
ETo e)lHa oT TH_.H n .eCHH ..
pEJ1HI'H03HH 05HYAH . -.5/13
Tiee ce Ha _KYMHUaTa:
'
He)l.Ka ·ce JIIOJiee IIJ.o TH CTaBa Te6e,
B ropa 3eJI~Ha.. AKo He.nKa na)].He?
.Hacpem.a if_ cToH Jl10JJJ1.na ce He,nKa,
CToeH, n'hpBo JIH6e. CK'bcaJio ce_ B'b)KeTo,
Toi% ce MHJIHo MDJIH: He)].Ka e na)].HaJia
-. KpoTKO MH JIIOJie.itT;e.. B THXH 6e.1m)J.Y..H8B.
He.ni<a MaJIKa MOM,:ii He)].Ka w.e IlO'f.'bHe,'.'
B'h3JIHB0 e B'b)KeTo, .)Ka.rmo ce~,iIP,~HKHa:
Ill ynJIHB0 e KJI0HtJeTo, . - Kocl · MH ce nnJieTe
l11>pBJIHBo e D.'hpBo-ro, B JIIOJI.stK0BH Kopen,
KaMJIHB0 e MSICToTo. Ta me JJ.a nonHa.
-,llopno m.e ce CK'bplllH, HHKOH He ce Hae.TI
B'b>Ke m.e ce CK'bca, Bos nyHaB )).3 CKOtIH,
·KnoHtie m.e ce c11yn H; He)].Ka )I.a H3B3JlH.
Ta He.n.K.a m.e na)].He,
lll.e 'TI8)].,He, m.e Ce yTpene.
CToeH n'hpso JIH6e
B'hB JlyHaaa· ce XB'bpJIHJI~ .'
- E, 6i;e, Jiy)].o MJia)].ol Ta He)].Ka H3B3)].HJI .
· . 113 c6opHHKa MH, cJiyllla.Ha OT 6a6a )lotta Y3yil-HHKOJioea , c. lllHnKa, HOT \ .
6~(5a To)J.opa BeJieea, c. Bpeccieo; AiiTocKo. Cpe. eapnaHTH e C6HY, VII_I, ·125;
·Arr. Mn ., N2 245; Bepx. , N2 25; M1rn., N2 636

Oceen H.HK0JIK0 neCHH Ha JIIOJieH~HTe MH0f0 ce ynoTpe6JI.HBaT

n p· H n e B K H, KpaTKH neCHH'llKH . Jlo)J.eTO e)].Ha M0M3 ce JllOJJee; 'APo/-
.rHTe .ff npHn.HBaT C HeHH~fl · JIIO0OBHHK.

°ETO H OT npHneBKHTe '"H.HK0JIK0:

,llo.11eTeJJH .nea r'hJI'b6a, Hq ca 6nJIH ro)].e>KHHUH

)lea r'bil'b6a, .naa coKona:': JI.a CH ro)]..HT MaJIKa He)].Ka,
Jl.oJJeTeJIH OT nJiaHHHa, ,lla H ro)]..HT 3a CToeHa;·
Ta naJI.HaJIH y Pa)lKHHH"- JI.a H f0)].RT, )I.a . .ff :>KeHHT.
He ca 6HJIH ,llBa r'hJI·'b6a,
CJiywatta OT 6a6a ".z:fotta , c. llhmKa , H 6a6a ToAopa, c. !3pecoeo. Cpe.
eap11aHTa e C6HY, XIII, 25; MHJI ., N2 635

KHTKa JieTH no He6eTO, JloIIJa .6oJiecT, qepHa '-l'YMa;

Xa6ep Hoen no MOMUHTe: Ta m.e MOMH IlOCK'bnHeHT:
Kou e M0M'bK 3a :>KeHHT6a, Ko.H )].BecTa, Kb'SI° TpiICTa -
Toaa JI.HTO )I.a ce :>KeHH, CTaHKa-- MOMa 33 XHJIH)J.O~,
lle m.e JlOH,lle .110IIJa 60.11ecT, T.a .ff KYTIH .11eseHT Jlo6pu.
CJiywaHa OT 6a6a Mopcpa, ~- D.epexboil, Ko31>Jiara11Ko. Cpa. COHY.
.
VIII, 125
584 t(HM HT"bP MAPH/fOB

CeHA ce, CBHH ce, MHJIO ,D.'bpB<;>, KaK'bB IOIJaK a3 38JIH6ux:

OT B'bpmeTo .no Kopettal MoiiTo JIH6e - BaK'bJI oaea,
.Ua TH Ka)Ka, MHJIO ,n'bpBO, CpeJJ. noJieTo U'hq>HaJI tteBeH.
MHJIO ,n'bpao. BHTa enxa,
Cnyw l K a OT 6a6a .Uecna,, c. ,UepeMaxne, 1('1>3'bJiaraqKo. Cpe. CiSHY,
Vlll,126

(3a BapHaHTH oT npHneBKH cpa. C6HY, VIII, 124; XIII, 25, 26,
27. 29; AT. Mn., .N2 245·, 246, 272; MH/1., N2 635, 636, KyKy111.)
8 e JI H K ,n e H C K O X O p o . BeJIHK.z:{eHCKOTO xopo e TO.>Ke o6-
pe.nao C roJIHMO peJIHrH03HO·MHTHqeCKO 3HaqeHHe. BeJIHK.z:{eHCKOTO
xopo ce npaBH lia xopoJIHIII.eTo npe_s UHJiaTa npa3Ha HJIH cBeTJia HeJJ.eJIH.
Ha BeJIHK)leHCKOTO x~_ po HHKora CBHpKH He ca C~H_pHJIH, a xopo-
H Te Ha B e JI H K JI. e H C K H T e X O p O-
TO ce Hrpano cn~pe.n MeJIO,D.H_
B OJI. H H n e CH H, neHH OT neCHOilOHKH MOMH, KOHTO no .nae HJIH no
'-leTHPH ca neJIH necHHTe noJJ.pe.n_, T. e . .non.eTo neHT e.nHH, JJ.pyr HTe Ml>JI-
traT; Il()CJie)J.HaTa CTpocpa OT neceHTa no)J.eMaT BTOpHTe H npOJJ.'bn>KaT
.npyraTa cTpo¢a Ha neHttaTa neceH. AKo xqpoTo e MHoro l.QHp0Ko,
KaKTO o6HKHOBeHO CTaBa no 8eJIHK)J.eH,381lI.OTO UHJIOTO ceno ce C'b6Hp~
Ha e)XHO MHCTO, Toraaa HMa noaeqe OT JI.Be )J.BOHKH HJIH qeTBOpKH
necHOilOHKH; B TaKoBa xopo neHT tJeTHpH, meCT HJIH oceM )J.BOHKH (no
JI.Be MOMH) necHOilOHKH.
BeJIHK):{eHCKOTO xopo Tpae noBetJe OT tJaC, )J.O)J.eTo ce CB'bpWH 38-
noll.i:{aTaTa neceH.
Ilo-roJIHMaTa tJaCT OT BeJIHl<D.eHCKHTe xopoBO.z:{HH neCHH ca MHTH-
qec1<H. ' , .
TyK npe)J.aBaM H3 MOH c6opHHK caM0 HHKOJIKO TaKHBa xopoB0)tHH
BeJIHKJ{eHCKH neCHH .

CeHJia e 5I Ha 5JHH 3MeH l'OBOpH:

)lae nonif 6ocHJieK, - He qyJJ.H ce, 5Itto,
)lee noJIH 6ocHJieK, l(aK m.e .na IlOJIHBa111
TpeTa HeBeHoBa. )lae noJIH 6ocuJieK,
He ce t1y.ztH 51 Ha, )lee IlOJIH 60CHJieK,
KaK rH noce»na, TpeTa HeBeHoBa.
Ho ce llYJJ.H 5Itta, OpnH no6paTHMH
KaK m.e rH noJIHBa. MornH m.e .noae.>1<,naT,
HMa.na e 5IHa 3MeHKO Il'bpBo JIH6e
Opnu no6paTHMH, I..I_eeTe m.e noJIHBa.
3MeHKO nopB0 JIH6e.
Cnywatta OT 6a6a Moptt>a , c. ,UepeKboii, l('b3'bJiara'IKO. Cpe. AT. Hn ..
.N'!! 288

Jlene 5I HKO, MHJIH CH He! BcHKa eeqep KOHH KOBelll,

ll(e Te IlHT8M, )I.a MH Ka.>1<e111, nno'-IH TypHm '-IHCTO cpe6po •
.na MH Ka)Kem, .na He JI'b)Kem. KJIHHUH Koee111 cyxo 3JiaTo,
 pBJ/HI'H03HH OBHYAH 585
Be1:1ep H)1.ellI,
3apaH .IJ.OH.IJ.ellI, BoB IIJiaHHHa, B'bB nycTHHH.
JI -MH Ka>KH, K'b)1.e X0)1.HllJ? TaMo JIH6H C8M0BHJia,
- .MHJia MaHKO, CTapa MaJie! CaMOBHJia Il'bpB0 JIH6e.
r(aTO TIHTarn, )1.a TH Ka>Ka: CaMOBHJia Me 3aKJieJia
Beqep X0)1.H B'bB rrnaHHHa, .Ila He K83BaM K'b)1.e X0)1.H.
CnywaHa OT 6a6a To.u.opa Beneea, c. Bpecoeo,' AHTOCKO. Cpe. eapHaHTH
·B MHJI., N2 7; IllanK . N2 37

.Mapil 5IHO, 6HJia -51Hol floqeKaflTe .Me ome MaJIK0,

He H8H)1.e JIH He.H)1.e B0)1.a
.lla YMHem 6HJIO nuu.e,
BHJIO JIHU.e OT npaxoae,
ll'bpHli oqH OT nJiatJoBe,
Han 0TH)1.e Ha nJiaHHHa
Ha e3epo caMOBHJicKo?
TaM 3aBapH )I.Be HeBeCTH,
.!lee HeBeCTH caM0BHJIH.
.Ile CH K'bIIHT M'b>KKH )leua.
Te Ha 51Ha nporoaapHT:
- 6HJia 51 HO, rrocecTpHMO!
HHe Te6e, 51Ho, )1.HpHM,
C Hae )1.a )1.0H)lern,
C Hae )1.a x6)1.HllI,
Jia HH H0CHlll BHTH JI'bUH,
BKTH JI'bU.H, ThHKH cTpenif;
J{a HH K'hIIellJ M'b>KKH )1.eua.
51i1a THX0 rrporoeapH:
- OA BH ea3e, )1.Be HeeecTH,
)lBe HeBeCTH, caMOBHJIH!
MHOI'O CTe Me rroqeKaJIH,
CnywaHa OT 6a6a To.ztopa Beneea, c . B_pecoeo, AilTocKo, OT 6a6a Mop4>a,
c. JlepeKbOH, Ko3'bJiara 11Ko. Cpe. eapHaHTH e C6HY, XII, 113; AT: Hn., .M 247.
IDanK., N2 4; MHJI., N2 6
.lla noiirpaM Jia3a pKHTe,
.lla CH KYMH KYMHqeHe,
.Ila npeurpa.M JIHH xy6aBJ1:
.lleH BeJIHK)1.eH, ,Il.eH feprbOB)J.eH,
na )1.0fl)1.eTe Ha Cnacoe,Il.eH,
Ha co6opa, Ha xopoTo,
3anparneTe, 3aM'brJieTe,
Ta Me Mette H3BmueTe
BHllIOM He6o Ha o6JiaUH,
Kofi Me BH.Il.H, )1.a Me nJiaqe,
Kofi Me qye, )1.a Me >KaJIH.
floqeKaJIH .H ome MaJIKo.
Ow.e MaJIK0 )1.0 Cnacoa,Il.eH,
fla ca )1.0llJJIH Ha C'b6opa,
Ha co6opa, Ha xopOTo;
3anpaJJ,IHJIH, 38M'bfJIHJIH,
MoMa 51 Ha H3BlflllHJIH,
BHlliOM tte6o, Ha.Il. o6nauu.
Kofi H BH)1.e, onJiaKa .H,
Koii H )1.oqy, o>KaJIH H.

CrroMeHaX, qe BeJIHK,Il.eHCKHTe xopOB0)1.HH rneCHH]ca MHOfO H

p83H000p33HH. 11MaM aan:ucaHH 0K0JI0 neT.n.ecer. THX pa3.D.eJIHM Ha:
JI e r e H )l ap H o-x p H CT H .H H C K ii
KaK XpHCToc oTJieTHJI Ha He6eTo c 12 aHreJia. (6a6a Mop<pa,
c. .LlepeKbOH; eap:uaHT a MHJI . , N2 34.) .K aK ce ca:un:u )1.Ba o6JiaKa, Ta
B3enu .Hcyca XpucTa oT p'bUeTe Ha cs. MapH.H. (Ba6a To)1.opa BeJieea,
-c . Bpecoeo; cpa. Mun., N!! 33.)
CaMOBHJICKH
IO.IJ.ii )1.HrHaJIH CToHHa H H oTHeJIH Ha IO.IJ.HH0 ceno. (Ba6a .Ilona
Y3yH-HHKOJioea,c. lliHnKa; cps. BepK. , ~2 2.) 10)1.a 3arpa)1.una rpa.IJ. H
586 ,a H M H T "b P M A P H ff ,0 B

ry*AaJ1a: cTa pH xopa c. ·6eJJH 6pa.n.H 3a :reMeJIH, MaJJKH .n.eua 3a. a.u-
,noae, MOMtJeT8 38 ,ll.H peuH, )leJ3.QHKH 38 KepeMH,ll.H., a ABe HeBec,:H 3a ABe-
n opTH. (Ba6a To.n.opa BeJJeBa, c. Bpecoao, 6a6a 8'bJJKaHa neli.o8'Hua~
c. Jh1TaK.0B0~ cpa. MHJI . N2 3; <;:6HY, IX, .16; BepK., N2 1.) CaMOB~_J ia
rpa,ll. rpa,ll.HJia: ,II.Ba IOH3K3 33 ,ll.HpeuH, ,II.Be ,ll.eBOHKH 33 )lBe nop.TH.
(Ea6a .llecna, c. ,llepeMaxJie; cpa. MHJI .·, N2 10; BepK., N2 3.) 10.n.a
C'b6Hpa MOMH necnoHKH H MOMUH K3B8JI,ll.)l(HH .n.a CBHp.SIT H. neHT J:{a
BeJIHK,ZleH. (Ea6a To.n.opa BeJieBa, · c. Bpecoa~; cpB. BepK. , .N'!( 2'3 6)
BHxpylllKa ce cBHJia H . )ll:lrHa.Jia .llparatta OT .xopoTo. (Ba6? .ll~~a.
c . .llepeMaxJie; AT. 11JI . , N2 307.) CTaHa caMOBHJia sarpaP,HJia rpa4 .H
noHcKaJia oT KpaTOBtJeHH xopa; Te if He .n.ai.rn; T.SI B3eJia HacuJia: <;T<>
)letrnua, CTO HeBeCTH, CTO IOH3Ka, CTO MOMl.leTa, CTO .n.eBOHKH. · (.pa6a
M~pHH JleKoBa, c. PuJia; cp.1;L aapHaHTH B AT. 11JI. , N2 274, . 279)
.llHMO 6HJI o~qa p H K3B3JI,lJ.}l(HH; o638JIO)l(HJI ce C'bC C3MOBHJIH TO_~ i4a
CBHpH, a Te ,µ.a HrpaHT. AKO ro H3,ll.HrpaHT, ,na MY 3eMaT 11epH~ ~qu~
aKO JIH rH H3)lCBHpH, )la _B3eMe HaH-MJia,lJ.aTa caMOBHJia . Ha.n.CBHPH/1 ra
· H B3eJI HaH-MJia.n.aTa caM0B~-:71a 3a }l(eHa. (B.a6a .llecna, c . .llep~Ma~~e;,
6a6a MapHH, c. -TBop,ZlHiia; cp_B . AT. 11JI., N2 273; BepK., N2 28; MHP·>
N2 I, 2.) MHptJo .BOHBOAa ~HJI poAeH oT caMOBHJia H .6HJI 10HaK. (6a6a
ToAopa BeJieBa, c. B peco~o, .6a6a .llaAa feHqosa, rp. IlaHar19p~w.e?'
cpa. M1u1., N2 4 ; AT. l1JI., _ , *-·235.)
3MeHCKH
3MeHT JIH_6H To.n.o,pa, (Ea6a To)J.opa BeJ1esa, c.Bpecoa.o, AiiToc-
Ko; cpa. BepK., N2 5 .) BeJIH~a 6HJia JIH6em~ oT_3MeH, OT KoroTo po.a,ti.111a
BeJia; H BeJia C'bJ..UO me 60.n.e rpa6HaTa OT 3~eii. (Ba6a .llecna,. c. Jlepe-
.MaXJie; cpB . AT. l1JI. , N2 277.) ..llaa 3Me.H - e)J.HHH.HT Ha nHpijH, a)\py-
fHHT Ha oeJiaCHUa, Jie)KaJIJI Te>KKO 60JIHH . (6a6a 8'bJIKaHa IleiioBHua~
c . JlHTaKoBo; cpB . AT. 11JI., N2 278.)

3 a 1.J y M a T a H )l p y r H 6 0 JI .e C T H

llepHa tiyMa yMopHJia AeEeT CHHa Ha MaifKa H Haif-noc.rle yMo-

pHJia n nocJieAHHH .llHMHTpa. (Ba6a .lloHa Y3yH-HHKOJio aa, c. llIHnKa~
cpa . AT . .11JI., N2 257 .) .CTaHa . ccJien.HJia OT CHnaHHIIa. (Ba6a. JloHa
YsyH -HHKCJWBa, c. llhm1rn; cpB. AT. 11JI., N2 291:)

***
KoraTo ce.n.HaT Ha o6HP., He BK)'CBaT HHUJ.O,. JlOAeTO·
He paaqypHT KOJTaKa H Ct.JYIT.HT HHU.aTa, Ta C THX ce OMp'bCBaT (KONK3-
BaT). p33qynaaT 6ffJIOTO .HHUe OT KOJiaKa. ·nocJie KOMKaBaHeTO BCH'IKK
. ce nosApaBHBaT c qepaetto ffHUe H aceKH ce K7'Al{a .na BHP.II, 1.rne nAue
me H3Jiesue HaH-CHJIHO. JJ10cnHTe OT THH ffHU.a ce cK1>TBaT it c roBelKJlO
JI3HHO ce 3a·.11enBaT Ha)). ropHHH npar Ha CTapHTe BpaTa. B.SlpBaHeTO
ttapO,ll.HO YTB'bp>K,lI.aBa,tJe B. ·K'bJ..UaTa He ·Mo)Ke P,a BJie3He HHKaKBo.s.no.
pE./IHI'H 03HH 05Hl/AH p{37
3) p a 3 M eT ~HHHT H JI H pa 3 T y pH H II tP• µ e ,!]. e ,Tl H H JC

B c. lllHnKa cpelll.Hax o6HtJaH, HapetJeH pas1,U1mea11..e RUtfa.

Tofl o6utJaii ce Bnpnrn no TOH ItatJHH.
ToH ,!].eH - IlOHe,!J.eJIHHK, MOMUHTe H MOMMTe H3JIH38T Ha noJrn-
HaTa, KOHTO,e cpe.n. ceJIOTO, H TYK ce pa3,!J.eJJHT Ha )I.Be rpynH: e)J.Ha rpy-
na MOMH H.)J.pyra rpyna MOMUH. MoMUHTe T'bpKaJJHT qepBeHH HHUa K'hM
MOMHTe; MOMHTe rH noeMaT, HO fH BP'hlll.8T naK Ha MOMUHTe. Toa~ B'hp-
IIJH ' BCeKH MOM'hK H BCHKa MOMa .
.· ToBa pa3MSITBaHe Hiiua cnope)l 6a6a lloHa Y3yH-HHKO JJosa H
6a6a UaHa IleHhOBHIJ a ce npaBH 3a nJ1o)J.opom-1e H .n.a He 6ue rpa.n..
To3H o6HtJaH cnm.ecTByB a OIIJ.e B HHKOH ceJia B Ka3aHJI'.}>lllKO H B-
fa6poBcKo , HO .ll.pyra)J.e He ro cpeIIJ.Hax. · · ··

H) C B e T JI a i-1 JI H n p a 3 H a c p H .n. a

Ha 10H }J.eH B HHKOH MeCTa ce B'hplllaT H.RKOH o6HtiaH C MHOfQ

C'F3J)O 'MHTH'leCKO 3HatJeHHe. THH 061-ttJaH ce H3B'hprnBaT no)J. ITOCOlJe-
HI-ITe . H33B8HH.H.
M a p a-if-JI H Ill a H K a. B cp.H)J.a cJie)J. Be~HK,ZleH ~ BypracK~
B cenaTa, KOHTo ca Hace.TJeHH OT T. H·ap. pynt{u, a3 cpeIIJ.li~ o6HtJaif,
HapetteH C ropHOTO H33BaHHe Mapa-H-JIH lll3HKa.
ToH o6pe.n. a3 cpeIIJ.Hax B ceJiaTa: PycoKacTp o, KapaKIOTIOK,.
fepre6yHap , KopKtJaJI'b , AHB3,Zl.>KHK, MexMetIKbO H, Kapa6yHap .
HaceJieHHeTO B THH ceJia cnope)J. e)J.HO MHOfO T'bMHO npe)J.aHHe ·e .
CJl~HaJTo OT Po,nonHTe. BH)J.H ce, TOBa e CTaHa.TJO npH noTyptIBaH eTO
Ha noMaUH're a XVI I cToJieTHe, Kora To e)J.Ha qacT OT HaceJieHHeTo 6tiJIO-
npHHY.l1.eHo .n.a H36Hra. ·
06HtJaSIT, 33 KOHTO e JlyMa, ce B'b_prnii ·ITO TOH H8tf0H. (f Jie)J.aH OT
MeHe JIH'IHO B c.
PycoKacTp o, 1892 r.)
OT TpH MJia)J.H 6yJIKH, }KeHeHH npea 3HMaTa (B c. MexMetIKh oit -
OT TJ)H MOMH) B3eMaT no e,!J.HH tJeX'bJI qepBeH H )K'bJIT.(Ty~MOMHTe H
MJJa)J.HTe 6yJIKH HOC.HT tJeXJIH KaTo nanyt{u, KOHTO ca HJIH t1epBeHH, HJIR
)K1>JlTH. TH.ff TPH tJeXJIH B'bBHpaTe)J.HH B .n.pyr; HO TaKa, J.UOTO ttepBeHHHT
.na )J.OHJ{e HaH-oTrope , a :>K'hJITHHT - Haii-oTJJ.OJiy.
Tim T'bH 3aapettH e)lHH B ,ll.pyr t1exJJH ttanpaBHT K~'.fO. o6paa ·-
KyKna, H3KHl1B8T Ta.H KYKJI8 C 6HJIO 6yJio - pn'IeHHK, K8KTO ce KH\IH
e)lHa 6yJIKa, H HapecaaT, KaKTO ce 'pecH, T. e'. KHTH rJiaBaTa Ha 6yJixa:
mumpul{u (cpe6peHH HaKHTH), nepyui ( KapHo6aTCKH nepa, BancaHH
IlTHlJ.H nepa)' cnflcKu ( C'blUO po)J.OilCKH cpe6peHH H8KHTH)' noiJ6paiJHUK'
(ColIJ.O cpe6peH H3KHT). Ha Ta.ff H3KYCTBeHa 6yJitJHHCKa rJiaBa o6Jrn-
ttaT M'bJKKa pHaa H Ta.ff qmrypa, ttapet1eHa Mapa-u-11uwaHKa, eifOToaa.
Cera H36HpaT MOMa, KOHTO. ce MOMee, T. e. KOH.TO ,e Hrp~Jia .1Ja-
3ap~<H H H3B'bpll1HJia KYMH'I~HeTO H KOHTO )J.8 e .Mau•iuH_a . H '6aw,_uH_a,.
T: e. Ha KO.SITO pO)lHTeJIHT e .na ca }KHBH - · .T8H MOMa OTp~:>K)JaT .na HOCH
H3KYCTBeHaTa KYKJia Mapa-ii-JIH rnattKa. ·
Mapa--A_- JIHmaH~a ce ·npHrOTBff B K'bI.Ua, .neTo He e YMPHJio H~To
eJUlo J{eTe. TyK 8 .T8}1 K'hlU8 ce C'b6HpaT BCHllKHTe MOMH, npHTOTBflT
588 "HMHToP MAPHHOB

Mapa-H-JIHlll8H K8, K8KTO ce noCO'IH no-rope, H CJie)l K8TO 6o)le BCHqKo

rOTOBO, Tp'brBaT npea ceJIOTO.
MoMaTa c Mapa-H-JIHUI8HKa Bop1rn ttanpe)l, a OT )lBeTe ii CTpaHH
B'bpBHT MOMHTe. CnHpaT ce Hacpe)l ceJio Ha e)lHO OTpe)leHO MSICTO, Ha-
peqeHO C'bC C'bll(OTO HMe Mapa-11:-AutuaHKa. TyK MOMHTe ce pa3)lem1T
Ha )lBe BepHrH, 38JIOBeHH 38 poue, HO CTOHT e)lH8 38)l )lpyra B'bB _IW{Jl. Ha
nonyKpor HJIH nonyMeceu. MoMaTa, KpHTO HOCH rnaeaTa Mapa-A-
JIHUiaHKa, BO)lH B'bTpeUIH8T8' eepHra; TH 3HM8 rJiaBaTa B )J.HCHaTa CH
poKa, 38CT8B8 cpemy )lBeTe aepHrH H cera MOMHTe OT BepHrHTe )lBe
no )I.Be, HO e)lHa OT ·B'bTpeUIH8Ta, a )lpyra OT B'bHK3llIH8Ta, Il(?tJBaT .n.a
neHT:
Mapo-H-JIHUI8HKol
foBe)lap Te JIH6H;
me JIH )lOH)lelll )la ro 3eMHeUI?
me JIH )lO~)leUI, CKopo JIH w.e )lOH)lem?
Mapa-U-llUtuQHKa, T. e. MOM8Ta, KO.SITO ,ll'bp>KH rnaeaTa,
oTroeapH:
He ma ro, MaMo, He ma ro.
CKopo .n.oro.n.HHa,
B npa3HaTa He)leJIH: ·
npyrHTe IlHTaT:
Mi-IKaTo )lOH)leUI,
i<oro me HaMepHm?
Mapa-H-JIHmaHKa OTroaapH:
IleTKaHa rnaBeH1-1ua,
CTOflH rJiaBeHHK. (TyK ce npHn.HBa MOMa 38 MOM'bK.)

naeTe MOMH OTfOBa pHT:

He fl )laBaMel
J1Hlll3HK8 K83B8:
me fl 3eMH8.

IlopBHT~ oTroeapHT:
Ille )lOKapaMe cy6ama, Ka)lHH.
, J1Hlll8HK8 OTroaapH:
Mak~p )loKapanH
Cy6ama Ka)lHH,
HHe IUe H 3eMHeM.
Cera MOMaTa no)laBa rJiaBaTa Ha e)lHa OT )lBeTe MOMH, Ha MOMaTa
OT B'bTpewHaTa aepHra H TR npaBH C'blll.OTO C )lpyrwre, T. e. H TH orro-
eapH Ha 'ApyrHTt, K8KBOTO H Il'bpBaTa.
To~a ce IlOBTapH, )lO)leTo ce H3pe)lHT BCH'IKHTe MOMH H rnaeaTa
,!J;OH)le naK Y IT'bpBaTa MOM8. nocne TporBaT H3 ceJIOTO, C'bilpOBO>KA8HH
p£JIHI'H03HH 015H 'IAH 589
OT MHOfO CBSIT: M'b>Ke, >Kem-1, )leua H MOMUH, H KaTo npeMHHaT npe3
USIJIOTO ceJIO, me H3Jle3H3T B'bH, Ta MHHaBaT npe3 HHBHTe H Ha BpomaHe
ce cnHpaT Ha peKaTa. TyK me pa3KHTHT Mapa-ft-Jitn11attKa H w.e H
OK'bilSIT, T. e. me TI?TOTIHT B peKaTa tJeXJIHTe, me YMJUIT JIHUaTa CH
BCHllKHTe MOMH H me ce B'bpHaT B CeJIOTO.
ToSI o6HtJaii ce npaaeJI 3a A'h>KA, 3a 6epeKeT, OT rpa.n, oT MarHH H
OT .nowH 6oJieCTH.Ba6a CToH CHMhOHOBa, 6a6a CTatta 5IttKoea H 6a6a
BeJJHK8 CTaHbOBHUa OT PycoKacTpo H 6a6a noHa HeattoBa OT Kapa6y-
H8p, KOHTO MH pa3K838Xa no.npo6HOCTHTe 38 o6HqaH' K83axa: ,,Toaa
ce npaBH .na BaJIH A'h>KA, .na HMa 6epeKeT, .na ce 3ana3HT HHBHTe OT rpa,ll.,
Jl3 He MO:>Ke 6pOJlHHUH .na o6~paT XJIR6a OT HHBHTe H .na He BJIH38T B
ceJIP,-0 JIOUJH 6oJteCTH.'; .
C'hmHTe 6a6H Ka3BaT, qe Ta.si rJiaBa Mapa-H-JIHIIJaHKa npe.ncTaB-
JISIBa HSIKaKBa CH 3MeHua.
(ToSI o6H'llaii e onHcaH B C6HY, VII, 223, HO MHoro Hen'bJIHO
n pe.naAeH.)
Jl 3 J1 H H O X O p O. npyr 06Hqaif, MHOfO npHJIHt:feH H8 Il'bpBHH,.
cpew.Hax, qe CTaBa B C'blll.HH .neH B c. PHJia, JI.ynHHIIJKO. ETo K8K CTaBa.
TOSI )J.eH ce C'b6HpaT BCHllKHTe MOMH H MOMUH, na H U.HJIOTO ceJIO
Ha e)J.HO no-wHpOKO M.HCTO B ceJIOTO. TyK CTaBa J18JlHHO xopo.
TyK xopoTO He e BepHra, a K0/10, T. e. KOJieJio H ca HaJIOBeHH
MOMHTe no B'b3pacT.JlooaHume MOMH (KOHTO 'lleKaT :>KeHHT6a) ce JIOBHT
nopBH, a cJJeJl T.HX H,llaT no-MJiaJlHTe. KaTo ce ttaJIOBHT, 111.e JlOH)J.aT
JI.Be :>KeHH, OT KOHTO e)J.HaTa 111.e BJie3He B'bTpe B xopOTo, a .z:r.pyraTa me
OCT8He B'bHKa OT Hero. Te )J.'bp:>KaT B poKaTa CH Kopna H no.z:r. Ta.ff Kopna
111.e MHHaT BCHllKHTe MOMH H MOMUH, KOHTO ce H3JIOBHJIH B xopOTO.
Cera MOMHTe 38TI.HB3T neCHH H xopOTO JieKO 3aHrpaea H MHHaBa
IlOJl K'bpnaTa. MeJIO)lH.HTa e HrpHBa, a TeKCT'bT Ha necettTa e TOH:

Off, JlaJ10, Jia.z:r.o, MOMH'lle MJia.z:r.ol (JI.Ba n'hTH)

3am.o XO)lHTe, Ta mo JlHPHTe?
Jla,na HM OTfOBap.H:
- MoM11e BOJlHMe, MOMa JlHPHMe,
Ta KO.ff BH e Haii-OMHJI.HJia?
- 0MHJJHJ1a HH e KpafrnaTa )J.eBOHKa,
KpaAHaTa ;iesoifKa c'bc 6.swaTa caSI,
Coe 6SIJI3T8 C8H, C'bC aJieHa cKyTatJKa.
- Ta eTe BH SI, BO)J.eTe CH HI
- Ta He e Jiy.na, caMa .na .z:r.oiiJ1e.
- Jly.na, He Jiy.na, caMa me HJle.
Ca Ma m.e HJle B ropa 3eJietta,
f opa 3eJieHa, B'b.lJK w.e .ff SI)le.
KaTo ce CB'bplllH TaSI neceH, .npyra rpyna MOMH IIJ.e 3aneHT:

0TaapHHTe ce, uapeBH nopTHI

S90 ,'1 H ·M H T 'b P M A P. Ji Ii o· B
H:
TpeTa rpyna oTroeap_

OTaopeHH ca, xafi.ne B'bpBeTel .

)lBeTe >KeHH, ~0HT0 ,ll.'bp}l{aT KopnaTa Ha.I{ rJiaBHTe, MaXBaT C
KopnaTa H npecHtiaT xopOTo. Cera HMa He xopo, ~ TaHeu HJIH_6osui_eu,
T. e. Hecr<JioneH0 xopo. B TOH Tatteu M0_ a JI BO.AH
M aTa, K0HT0 e TI'bpB_
-raHeua, ce Ka3Ba usBOOttUfl, a nocJie)lHaTa - onaw,Kap.
MoMHTe noBTapHT TibpBaTa neceH:
Oii, Jla.no, M0MHtie M.ria.no!
3aw.o X0)J.HTe, Ta w.o ,U.HpHTe? H ..np.,
1-1 xopoT6 npo.n.1>JI}l{aBa . .na Hrpae H ,u.a ce rrpoanpa no~ K'hprra, KOHT0
Jlop>KaT .naeTe >KeHH. KoraT.o ,u.oii.naT MOMHTe ua cTpocpaTa: ,,(?-reopeHH
ca, xau,u.e BbpBeTe!" - )KeHHTe ITOBTOpHO rrpeK'J?CBaT xopoTo~
Cera HMa TPH TaH1.ta, T. e. ttecKJioneHH xopa, TPH 6oHHUH c TpH
:H3B0,U.tIHH H TpH OI1all1KapH.
)l(eHHTe c TOBa ca CB'bpll1HJIH CB0HT~ pa60Ta; xop0T<? HM,a BeGe
TpH tfG.peou nopmu H Te ce orrerJIHT . .
T1-rn TPH Tam.1.a rJie,U.aT OTHOBO .na ce CBbp)KaT B HeCKJ1orre1-10 xo-
po. 3aTOB~ MOMHTe 3anHBaT )lpyra neceH Ha MHOro .Hrpirna MeJIO,U.HH.
Hrpaii, · Jla,u.o, ,u.a HrpaMe, Jla,u.o, Jla!
Hrpafl, Jla,u.o, ,u.a 1-1rpaMe, JJa:no, Jla!
H BCHtIKH 6op3o; 61>p3o rroJJ,cKatiaT, KaTo r.TieJJ,a BCHKa MOMa H3B(?JJ.tIHH
)I.a ce .xeaHe C MOMaTa orralllKap B .n.pyrH.H TaHeu. flo TOH H8tIHH X,OP,OTO
0THOBO e CKJJOrretto:
. Cera Ha MHCT0TO Ha )J.BeTe >KeHH .u.oxa)K,U.~T ,U.Ba.Ma M0~UH, OT KOHTO
e.U.HH BJTH3a B xopoTo, a ,u.pyr OCTaH BbH OT xopoTo; :ijCe~H OT THX ,U.bp>KH
no e.U.HH ,U.bJibr np1>T, roToBH ,u.a ce YJJ.PHT.
MoMHTe 38I1HBaT Ha CbW.aTa HrpHBa .MeJIO,lJ.HH rreceHTa:

Hrpaft, Jla.u.o, .u.a HrpaMe, Jla,u.o, .TTa!

Hx, Hrpaii, Jla)lo, ,u.a HrpaMe, JJa.n.o, Jia,u.o!
Hx, qaylllH HH Ha.U.Hrpaxa·, Jla,u.o, _Jla,n.o! .
Hx, Ta HH uapcTBOTo rrpee3exa, JI·a.no, Jla.l{o!
.Y.u.peTe ce, .nea ,u.em-r n, JlaJJ,o, Jlat
Y.npeTe ce .na BHJJ,HMe, JlaJJ,o, Jla!
Jla BH.U.HMe KOH 11.I.e KoMy, Jla,u.o, Jla!
·Kofi II.I.e KOMY .na tta,U.BHe, JJa.no, Jla!
;llo.u.eT_O MOMHTe rre.HT TaH HrpHBa rreceH, xopOTO Hrpae 6bp3o-
·6 op30 H 06HK8JIH, KaTO MHHaBaT BCHlJ~H H3110.U. H3)J.HfH8THTe H Ha,1J.Be-
ce1-m JlbJifH rrpbTOBe Ha MOMUHTe. KaTo H3ITeHT ITOCJI~,U.HaTa· c-rpocpa: ,
Kofi. II.I.e KoMy .u.a tta.U.BHe, Jla.no, Jla! -
,.ABaMaTa . MOMUH Il0tIBaT ,J.a ce WH6aT C npbT0BeTe no r JiaB1iTe, HO
TaKa ce 6H.HT, 6e3 )l,a )l.OKaqaT MOMHTe, KOHT0 MHHaBaT H3I10)J. H3.l{Iff-
H3THTe npbTOBe.
•.P E Jl H r H O 3 H H O E -H 1./ A H 591'
TIOCJie 3an.s1Ba BTOpa rpyna C'blllaTa neceH C'bC C'blllHTe .l(YMH, CaMO
C HHKOH H3MeHeHH51 .
HrpaH, Jla,11.0, .n.a HrpaMe, J1a.n.o, na !
Jla.u.o, J1a!
Hx, Hrpai\, J1a.n.o, .n.-a HrpaMe,
Hx, tJayllIH HH Ha)I.Hrpaxa, Jla.u.o, J1a!
Hx, fa HH KOHHPHTe npeB3exa, ,J1a.n.o, J1a!
Hx, KOHHPHTe c KOHeTe, J1a.n.o, Jla!
Y.u.peTe ce, ,11.aa ,11.eJI~H, J1a.n.o, Jla! H np .
•H ~SaMaTa MOMI.lH ce naK WH6aT c npoTOBeTe.
TpeTa rpyna MOMH noeMaT C'blll3Ta neceH, C3MO C TH51 H31\teHeHJ,r n:
Hx, Ta HH roae.u.apHTe npea3exa, J1a.u.o, ·J1a!
11x, roae,11.apHTe c roae;iaf Jla,11.0, Jla!
Y,11.~e1:e ce, ,11.aa ,11.eJIHH, Jia.n.o, Jla! H np.
,ff naK MOMI.lHTe ce llIH6aT.
qeTBopTa
. ., . c1>maTa neceH c H3MeHeH1-1e:
rpyna noeMa naK
Hx, Ta HH oa-qapHTe npea3exa, Jia..rr.o, Jla!
( l1x, 0Blfa pHTe C'bC OBU~-ne, Jla,n.o, JI a!
Y,n.peTe ce, ,n.aa ..,n.eJ1HH, Jla)J.o, Jiat H np.:
i
'H )1BaMa'1a MOMUH ce OTHOBO 3anrn6aT.
neTa rpyna MOMH rioeMaT c~maTa neceH c H31\~~HeHHe:
Hx, Ta HH CBHHapttTe npea3exa, Jia.n.o, J1a!
Hx, CBHHapHTe C'bC CBHHeTe, Jla)J.O, Jla!
UiecTa rpyna noeMa H nee c H3MeHem-1eTo:
Hx, Ta HH xapeMHTe npea3exa, Jia.u.o, Jia!
Hx, xapeMHTe c1>c xaH1>MH, Jia.n.o, Jial
Y.n.peTe ce, .n.aa ).leJIHH, Jla,n.o, Jla! H np.
nocJie,ZI.HaTa - ce,nMaTa - rpyrra MOMH noaTapHT rr1>pBaTa cTpo-
¢a c W3MeHeHHHTa:
Hrpafl, Jla)l.o, )l.a 1-1rpaMe, Jia.n.o, Jla !
Hrpaii, ·Jla,n.o, ,na· HrpaMe, Jla)l.o, Jla I
Hx, qaynrn HH Ha)l.Hr paxa,. Jia.n.o, JI a!
Hx, .Ta HH uapcTBOTO npea3exa, Jia,no, Jla!
I1x, Ta HH mo6HeTaTa npea3exa, J1aJJ.o, Jla!
.Hx, mo6HeTaTa c1>c .n.euaTa, Jla)l.o, Jla!
Y~peTe ce .n.na )l.e.1rnn, Jia.n.o, Jia!
Y)lpeTe ce )l.a BH)l.HMe, Jla)l.o, Jlal
D.a BH)l.HMe KOH me KOMY, Jla)l.o, JI a I
Kofi me Ko~y )l.a Ha.n_1:rne, Jla)l.o, Jial

MOMUHTe 3a nocJie)leH TI'bT ce ruH6aT C npoTOBeTe. k.aTo CBopwaT C w116a-

HeTo, _H JIBaMaTa
. cqynaaT n_p1>TOBeTe H rn saxa:i,praT B peKaTa. .
 592 JIHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

C T0Ba ce CB'bprnsa Jia)lHHOTO xopo. C TOBa ce CB'bplllBBT H BeJlHK-

)leHCKHTe npa3HHUH. .
ToH 06H1.Jaii ce npaaH 38 6epeKeT, 38 3.llpase. (XopoTo JIHlJHO Ha-
6JIJO)laaax, neCHHTe H no.npo6HOCTHTe MH .ITPO.llHKTYB8 H pa3K838 6a6a
KaTepHHa MunosattcKa B n pHC'hCTBHeTo Ha ~eHHTe Mar.nanetta n.
HnHesa, Kepa Tiettttesa H 6yJIKa M8p1u1 JleKoBa, 16 asr. 1899 r.
Bnpxy Tyit na.nutto xopo C'hM nHcaJI B ,,npeMHH K'hM B. Tiporpec",.
1895 r .)
I'ep2boBCKU .Mecel{, anpuA

a) C B • M a p T H H H H, 14 anpHJI
lJepKoBeH .'npa3HHK: CB. MapTHH H3IlOBe,llHHK,.
nana PHMCKH . 38 XpHcTa 6HJI 3aT.otJeH B XepcoH OT KoHcTaHTHHa,
CHH8 JttpaKJIHeB, H T8MO IlO'llHH8JI B 637 r .
Hapo.neH npa3HHK: Ce. MapmuHufl.
Tosi .neH ce npa3HyBa B OxpHJl. Cpemy Hero .neH ,,Bp'b3Ba'I"'
ycTaTa H3 B'bJIUHTe .na He H.ZiaT CTOK8Ta. Bpn3BaT fH .MU31CeHe'lKU, 3a
)I.a 6'b.ZI8T CJienH, Ta KoraTo MHllaBaT KpaH OBUHTe, )la rH He BH)IHT.
Bpo3BaHeT0 CTaBa no TO~ H81.JHH. Cn6HpaT rpe6eHHTe, CKJII0lJBaT TH
B e)lH0 H rH TypraT B HHKOH 'bf'bJI H8CTpatta.
Cpemy TOH )l.eH 3anomeam H MJI.HKOT0 )la ro He M8MHT MjMHHU~1e.
3anoTBaHeTO CTaBa no TOH H8'llHH'. B3eMaT .HHUeTO OT noAa31Ca8a, T. e.
OT nonora, npo6:unaT JI.ynKa, Ta H3U~JI.BaT B'hTpeurnocTTa H B 11epynKaTa
CHnBaT M8JIKO MJI.HKO, a nocne ro 3aTBap.HT C KBac HJIH C XJrn6 H ro
3aKonBaT B oruumeTo. (C6HY, XVI-XVII, 31 .)

6) f e p f b O B Jl e H , 23 anpHJI
lJepKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. BenHKOM'btieHHK reoprH
TTo6e)loHoceu. PoJI.eH B Kana.noKHH OT 3H8THH po.z(:uTeJIH; B'bB eoeHHa
CJly)K6a JI.0CTlffHaJl )1.0 BHC0K 'llHH - K0MHC. 3a X pHCTa nocne 6HJJ M'b-
tJeH H H8H-CeTHe 6HJI nocetJeH B 5796, T. e. 288 r . B'bB apeMeT0 Ha
.llHOKJleTHaHa.
Hapo)l.eH npa3HHK: I'ep2boeiJ.eH
ToH )leH ce T'hH Hap:uqa ~ necHHTe HapoJI.HJ.i:
Xy6as )leH BeJIHKJleH,
Om no-xy6aB reprbOB)leHI
. H OT 06pe1u1Te, OT o6HlJ8HTe H OT neCHHTe, K0HT0 ca CB'bp38HH C TOSI
JI.eH, ce BH:>K.lla, qe 3a Hap0Jl8 feprbOBJleH e no-MHJI, no-.npar, no-eeJIHK.
BeJIHK)leH e xy6aB, HO TOH ce ·MeH.HBa-: na.na ce Il0HSIK0ra H s
TaKoBa apeMe - HanpHMep npe3 MapTa, KoraTo ome e cTyJleHo, KoraTo
ome e noKpHT0 BCJi"qKo C'bC CH.Hf H HHMa HHK3KBa 3eJieHHH8 (ttanp. 23
M8pT), a Il'bK feprbOB.l{eH H.l{e BCHKora C'bC 3eJieHHHa, BC.HKOra C p83-
U1>q)T .HJia, C'bC 38CM.HH8 H JIHKyBama npHpO)la.
ETo 3aw.o feprhOBJJ.eH e no-xy6aa OT BeJIHKJleH .
TI'bpBHTe npHr0T0BJieHHH 38 nocpem.atte Ha feprb0B)leH cc C'b-
PEJIHTH03HH OEHi/AH 593
CTOHT B TOBa )I.a ce tta6epaT u.seTH Jl3 ropaTa H.i1H no.neTO, KOHTO UBeT.fl
ca HY}KHH: e)I.HO 38 U.BeTHaTa BO)I.a, a Jlpyro 33 BeHUHTe Ha arHeTO,..
KOeTo w.e ce KOJIH;H Ii.a OBUaTa, KOHTO nopBa me ce M'bJI3e Ha feprbOB-
)I.eH. .
3a U.BeTSI XO)I.SIT MOMH, .MOMUH, na 11 )I.eua . Co6paHH Ha i<yn ·e)I.HH
)I.eH npe)I.H f eprbOB)I.eH, Tp'brBaT H3 ceJIOTO H OTHBaT B ropaTa HJili no-
JieTo )I.a 6epaT UBeTH. ,[J.o)I.eTO 6epaT TH.ff u0en1, MOMHTe ne.HT neCHH, .
KOHTO H.HKora ca 6HJIH o6pe)I.HH.
A3 aanHcax )I.eceTHHa OT TH.ff r e 1) r b O B C K Ii n e C H H, OT
KOHTO TYK H3JiaraM caMo HSIKOJIKO.

Oii, )I.eaoiitie, 3aropeHlle! ,lla · CH KHT.HT KHTH KHTKH

,llaJIH XOJlH no 3arope, 11 .na BH.HT BHTH BeHuH:
no 3arope, no nJiaHHHa? KHTH KHTKH 3a KOCHTe,
11Mal1Je JIH MHOl'O UBeTe? . BHTH BeHU.H 33 rJiaBHTe.
- Xo)I.HXl XOJlHX H ce Bpow.aM. HeKa .noii)I.aT saKJIH MOMUH,
no· nJI3HHH3 MHOfO UBeTe, HeKa )I.oii.naT .na Me 6epaT,
MHoro uaeTe, ropcKo uaeTe. ,[I.a Me 6epaT, )I.a Me HOCHT
CaMHtIKO MH nopotJa.110: no KaJinaUH, TIO CHJIHq>H .
- HeKa )I.OH)I.at MaJIKH MOMH, HeKa JlOH)I.aT MJiallH 6y.TIKH,
,Ua _Me 6epaT B npectHJIKH, HeKa .noi'i)I.aT )I.a Me 6epaT,
,Ua Me 6epaT .na CH KHTHT, ,lla Me HOCHT B lllfrpH n .a3BH.
J,fa c6opHHKa MH, cJiywaHa OT 6a6a ToAopa BeJieBa, c . Bpecoao, A»TOCKO,.
la6a KaJI.R, c. Kn3bKJIHce, Kn3"bJiaratJKO

,Upyra:

3acnaJia JIH CH, KaJIHHKe?

- He C'hM 3acnaJia, 5161>.nKo!
TpeH)I.aq>HJia C'hM tiaKaJia;
Tpett)I.aq>HJI BHHO nHellle
B1>B Kp'b-CTHHKa CH 6ocHJIKa.

KaTo tta6epaT useTeTo, ap1>maT ce H cera MOMHTe, pOJlHHHH HJI H

C'bCeJJ.KH, ce C'b6HpaT Ha rpynH'lIKH H IlOtIBaT )I.a BHHT BeHU.HTe. Ty K
npHC'bCTByBaT H MOMU.H, H 6yJIKH, H .neu.a.
lloJJ.eTO BH.HT TJHI BeHU.H, MOMHTe ca neJIH HHKora Ta.H .neceH·

XoJJ.HJia e B ropa Pa.Ila HeBHCTa TieceH CH nee, THXo rosopH

UaeTe )la 6epe, PaJJ.H ueaecTH:
Ha6paJia e u.aeTe Pa)la HeBHCTa, - l1JJ.H CH HJJ.H, PaJJ.o HeBSlCTO,.
r
Usere eprboBKa. f OCTH TH . JJ.OWJIH
Ce,nHaJla e IlO.Zl HBOp Pa,na HeBHCTa MaiiKa H TeflKo, PaJJ.~ HeB.HCTo,.
BeHUH JJ.a BHe. l1 .Z(eBeT 6paTH .
Ha 11sop cnaseii, PaAH HeeecTH l1 TH .ZlOHeJIH, Pa)J.o HeBSICTO,.
fleceu CH nee, }la pH roneM H:
38
594 ll H M H T 'b P M- A P H. · H O B

OT anaTo naq>TH, Pa.llo HeBHCT<'. H TH JlOHenu, Pa.no HeasrcTo

QT. cpe6po rpHBHH. Ow,• KOBaH rep)laH. ,
1'fa c6optt11Ka MH OT 6a6a .lloHa Y3yH-:H11Konoea, c. lllHnKa. Cpe. eapHaHTR,
AT. Hn., .N!! 242, 243, 309

1;3eHII.H aa arHeTo - .>1<ep:raaTa., H aa oauaTa ca rOToau; 1<,aTo rH

Ha pOCHT, OCT8BHT rH II0,ll. TpeH)laq>HJia B_rpa)lHHaTa . Jl3 II peHOIJl.yBat'.
11 pyrH UBeTH ce H3KHTHT Ha KHTKa. K0HTO me ce TYPH B KOTeJia HJIR
Be.ll.p0T0, C K0eTO me ce JlOHece UBeTHaTa B0J(a 33 38MeCB3He OOpeJt-
HIHe reprb0BCKH XJIH6oae.
3 a Me c Ba He re pr b o B c K HT e -x n H 6 o a e. 3a Jla ce
38MeCH TeCTOT0 38 XJIH6oeeTe, TpH6Ba )1.a ce ,ll.0Hec_e B0)1.8. Bo,ll.aTa Ule ce
JlOHece HJIH OT MOMS, HJIH OT 6ynKa, aK0 HMa MJl3,ll.3 6ynKa, H8KHTeHR
C KHTKH H C BeHII.H. Bo,ll.aTa ce HOCH B'bB Be,ll.p0 HJIH B KO'reJI. KaTo ce
TporHe Ha B0,ll.a, B'bB Be,ll.pOTO . HJIH KOTeJia ce ry.>K,llaT KHTKH OT rep-
rh0BKa H .ll.pyro ueeTe H rr·o cn~ ce ttan11ea eo.na. KoraTo ce BopHe 6yn-
KaTa c Bo)laTa, cnara ce ee,ll.poTo Hacpe,ll. -,ll.Bopa HJIH rrpH . CTO>Kepa
H TYK ,ll.OH,ll.8T BCHqKH .>KeHH H ]leua; H3H·CTapaT a .>KeHa H3Jll{Ba KOTeJia
C BO)l8, B KOHTO IJ,J.e ce rpee BOJl3Ta Ha or'bHH 33 33MecBaHe KOJiaqHTe.
KaTO HaJiee .KOJIKOTO e HY.>KHO BO)la, 6a6aTa 3HM8 KHTKaTa H nop'bCBa
BCHqKHTe .>KeHH H .l{eua, a ceTHe nop'bCBa ryMHOTO H OQOpa, KowapaTa
(Ha aonoseTe), K'bI.UaTa u acuqKu crpam-1. ]lo.l{eTo 6a6aTa ·eopwn TOH
o6pe)l, MOMHTe H 6yJIKHTe ca neeJIH Te3H necHH:

Xy6aa f&opru, MHJIH. f&opru!

Koii TH peqe, Ta ){a )lOH.l{ew?
OTroaapH xy6ae . f&opru:
- MeHe peqe .l{eH BenHK)leH:
,,U.aeTeH f&opru, MHJIH f&opni!
CKopo no MeH TH ){a .l{OH.l{ern,
A no Te6e wyMa, Tpeaa .
no TpeBaTa 0B118pHTe,
no oeqapu CHBO CTa)lo."

***
UeeTeH f&opru xopo B0.l{H,
Xoponume pa3urpaaa ,
MaJIKH MOMH pa3Tpowae a.
Kpaii xopoTo MHJia cecTpa,
MH.lla · cecTpa Patt11-none.
MuJia cecTpa xopo rne,ll.a
11 Ha f&oprH nporoaapH :
- Oft: Te Te6e, MHJIH 6paTe,
Munu 6paTe, ueeTeH f&opru!
OTITYCHH ce OT xopOTo,
fla CH H)J.H B'bB TIOJieTO, .
lla o6i-1.l{uw senen C'bH0p.
3HMHHUHT e H3rHttaJIH,
TTponeTHH UH He HHKH8JIH;
CTapH 6a6H B ropa xo,ll.HT,
B ropa X0,ll.HT, .>KHp >KHpysaT;
1lpe6HH .neua B peKa X0AHT,
nHc'bK JIH.>K8T 3a BO,ll.HU3.
I..(BeTeH . fhoprlO ,ll.0>KaJIHJI0,
Jlo>KaJIHJIO , ,l{OTerHaJIO ,
 •
PEJ1H/'H03HH 0 6 h f/AH 595
Ta ce nycHaJI OT xopoTo CHTHa poca, ,llpe6eH JJ.'b>K,l\eu:
11 CH CTerHa Bp3HH K0HH 3HMHHUHTe nopacttaJIH,
Id 0TH.ll.e B paano none, IlpoJieTHHUH H3HHKHaJIH.
Ta nopocu CHTHa poca,
},fa c6opHHKa MH, cnywaua OT 6a6a Mop¢a, c . nepeKbOH, Kb4''bJiaratfK0;
A0n'bJIH,eHa OT 6a6a Kepa )l(eJIR3KOBa, c. BaneaH, TopHOBCK0. Cpe. eapuaHTH
C6HY, IV, 22; XII, 10; llianK ., N~ 28; AT. Hn ., N'2 241

THH necHH o6at1e cera ce He neHT npH TOH cnyt1afl, a ce nesIT

Ha xopo.
KaTC~ CB'bplllH poCeHeTo, 6a6aTa 3HMa K0TeJia H ro BHaCH B K'blllH,
aocne)l.Baua OT BCH'lKH C neCHH.
Bos so.naTa ry:>K,l\a KHTKaTa H 3aKatrn KOTeJia H'a sepHraTa. B
c.· Me.aeeH s TOH KOTeJI ry:>KnaT s TaH so,na H Tpbnqeu, H KJIOHqe OT 6yK.
KOTeJI'bT e 6HJI H ce rpee Ha OICU8 027,H., T. e cropenH ·ce rnaBHH
6e3 ).\HM.
Jlo)leTo ce rpee Bo)laT_a, 6a6aTa e npHrOTBHJia 6parnHo, CHT0 H
H0llI.BH 'H TI0K8HBa 6ynKaTa - aK0 HMa MJla,l\~ 6ynKa, )la.Ce npn:6JIH>KH.
6ynKaTa npeMeHeHa npHcT'hnBa, uenysa pbKa Ha cseK'bpBaTa H
38Mecsa TeCTOTO.
OTTyK HaTaTbK HOllI.BHTe ca ttefma scer.narnHa .npyrapKa. Jlo
TQH )leH 6yJIKaTa He e MeCHJia TeCT0.
llo.neTo 6yJIKaTa MeCH TeCT0T0, M0MHT~, 3acTaHaJIH B nonyKpnr
0K0JI0 H0ll.lBHTe, HSIK-Ora ca neeJIH TaSI neceH:

Oii xy6aeH, ueeTeH rboprH! EceHHUa, npoJieTHHUa.

il.BeTeH rboprH KOHSI KOBe
B'bB T'bMHHHa, 6e3 6opHHa,
Cpemy HCHa MecettHHa,
Cpe6po IlJIOtlH, 3J13TO
CorJie)la ro cTapa MaHKa
J,j tta f&oprH nporosapH:
- Off Te CHHe, useTeH fbopru-I
3amo K0Belll BpaHa K0HH,
K'b)le MHCJIHiiI ,na Il'hTysarn?
O1r.osapH useTeH rhopru:
- Ofl re Mane, cTapa MaiiKo!
Ille OTH)la ,na o6H,nH,
Jla OOHAH pocHO none,
Pocuo none H 3eneHo,
Ta )la BHAH 3eJieH C'bHOp:
Ila OTH,Zle B paBHO IlOJie,
CH11Ko MY c.e noKJI0HHJio:
Pb:>KOBeTe .no K0JieHa;
KJIHHUH. CTqeHHUaTa .nop )lo 3eMJu1;
CaMo :>KHT0 oeecoso,
·TTpaso CT0H H TpenepH.
U.seTeH fhopru nporosapH:
- Oil Te :>KHT0, nrnettH11oso
MHJIO 6HJIO, CBeTo 6HJIO, '
60:>Ka cny:>K6a nocny>1<Hno!
A TH :>KHTo oeecoeo!
MHno 6Hno 3a r ne.natte,
fopKo 6Hno 3a 3o6atte!
Cny:>K6a 60:>Ka He cny>KHJio!

Cnywaua OT 6a6a nona Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c. llIHnKa. Cpe. C6HY VI 18·

AT: Hn., N, 260, 321 ' , ,
 •
596 ,aH;1,IHT1,P MAPHHOB

,Upyra:

TporHaJI ~tH e uaeTeH [boprH Ta 3a1v1axtta H 0Tcet1e,

.Ila o6tt)].H HHBeH C'hHOp, Ta oTceqe .no TPH r .naBH.
HHBeH C'httop H .3eJ1eHo. Ta 6JIHKHaJIH' Ta IlOTeKJIH'
Ha n'hT cpern.a cypa JiaMH, Ta noTeKJIH .no TPH peKH:
TpHorJiaaa, rnecToKpHJia, no pBa peKa .>K'bJITO .>KHT0 9
noT MY npet.Jn, XOJI. He JI.aBa, llpyra peKa poiitto BHHo,
3aTBOpHJia rnecT nJiaHHHH, TpeTa peKa MeJI. H Mac.-Jio.
3aKJIIOl.JHJI8 wecT H3B0pa' nopaa peKa no opaqH,
Ta He JI.aBa KanKa Bo)].a. llpyra peKa no KonaqH,
YfaBa)].H CH UBeTeH f hoprH, TpeTa peKa no nqeJiapH9
l13Ba)].H CH 0CTpa ca6JIH' no nqeJiapH, no OBtiapH.
CJiyruaHa oT 6a6a To,llopa BeJieea, c. Bpecoeo, Aihocxo; .llOil'bJIHHJJH 6a6a
,TI.ecna, c. ,UepeMax.11e, H 6a6a KaJist, c. K'h3'bKJIHCe, K'h3'bJiarallxo.

TttH neCHH ce neHT )].HeCKa K3TO KOJie)l~ pcKH. O6a11e ropHHTe 6a6H
yTBop.zu1xa,qe Te ca reprhoBCKH H Te ca rH neJIH HHKora Ha r~prhoB-
JI.eH npH nocotJeHHTe o6pe)lH H cJiytJaH.
0 6 p e ,lJ. H. H r e p r b O B C K H X JI H 6 0 B e. TecTOTO e 33-
MeceH0 H nocTaBeH0 )la BTaca. Toe BTacaJIO, T. e. BKHCHaJio, H pe,ll.'bT
e )la ce Mee.HT KOJ"IatJHTe. Ta.H pa6oTa BetJe~B'hprnH He 6yJIKaTa, a 6a6a-
Ta, T. e. CBeK'bpBaTa HJIH H8H-CTapaTa .>KeHa B K'hID.H.
KaKTO K0Jie)].HHTe ..XJIH60Be, T'bH H reprb0BCKHTe B pa3JIHllHHTe
Kpattw.a HMaT pa3JIHlJH0 HatiepTaHHe. B M0HTa o6HKOJIKa 83 M0~ax .na
cpew.tta R ;:r.a BH)l.H CJie)lHHTe X11'1H60B~. (BeJie:>KKaTa, K0HT0 HanpaBHX
om.e npH K0Jie)lHHTe o6pe)].HH XJIH6oBe, Il0BTapHM H H TyKa.)
B c . . BoMBoJI.a, lllyMeHCKo, C'hlll.HTe JIHUa, K0HT0 MecHxa KoJie)l-
HHTe o6pe)].HH XJI.H6oBe, B C'hlll.HH )].eH MeCHXa H reprbOBCKHTe o6pe)lHH
XJIH6oBe, npe)lCTaBeHH B pHC. N!? 309 H 310.
XJIH6'bT B pHc. N2 309 ce K83Ba KOAaK, ToH e no-roJIHM KBaCHHK
C T8KHBa rnapKIC noJiara ce Kp"bCTalll HJIH Kp'bCT, lJHHTO Kpamna ca
38BHTH; B cpeJJ.aTa Ha Kp'bCT8llla ce ry:>K)la MaJIKa TOnKa, o6Kp'b~eHa C
TecTeB BeHeu. Me.>K)ly CTpaHHTe Ha Kp'hCTallla HMa IlOJIO:>KeHH lleTHpH
KpaBaHtJeTa H OKOJIO BCHKO Kpaaaifqe ce noJiaraT no tteTHpH TeCTeBH
TOnt.JeTa, KOHTO ca
cnJieCKaHH. KpocTalll'bT e o6Kp'b.>KeH C HeCKJioneHa
orpaJI.a - HecKJioneH cnJiecKaH TecTeB Kp'hr, Ha3o6eH c orpH6icaTa.
TOH KpaBaH ce K8)lH BeJI.HO C arHeTO.H IlOil'bT pe)Ke OT Hero nop.s13aauua.
He no-rOJIHMa OT 11eTB'bpTHHaTa Ha XJIH6a.
X.nH6'bT B pHc. N2 310 .ce Ka3Ba ,cpaBau. Toii e MaJI'bK KBacHHK
~'be CKJioneHa Koma pa ( orpa,na) - Kp1>r, cnJiecxaH H Ha31>611eH c or-
pH6KaTa; B orpa.naTa HMa M3JIKH cnJiecKaHH TOO'lleTa, npe)lcTaBJIHB3lllH
0BUHTe. TOH XJIH6 ce OTHHCa Ha KOlllapaTa npH OBUHTe - aKO OBitHTe
ca Bl:>H OT ceJIOTO, H ce JI.aBa Ha OB11apH. QsqapHT, npe.nH .na H.Ae OT TOH
XJIH6, m.e ro T'hPKYJIHe npe3 OBU.HTe H nocJie w.e HM .na.ne OT Hero, Ha-
11yneH Ha MHOro .npe6HH 33JI'hUH, a OCTaHaJIOTO w.e HSH.Ae TOH.
PEJlHI'H0 3HH OSHl/AH 597
B c. Xo,pcoao, como lllyMeHCKO, 6a6a IleHa ,llotJoBa, 10 HoeMB.
1904 r.' Mecw CJie,ll.HHTe reprbOBCKH XJIS160Be, npe.zt.cTaBeHH B p ..c.
N! 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 H 316.
XJIH6'bT a puc . .N2 311 ce Ka3Ba Ko1zaK. To.ff KoJiaK e ,KP'hf'., H3nJie-
TeH OT ABe TecTeBH no-.n.e6eJIH np'bllKH. To.ff KOJiaK ce .n.asa H~ 0BUHTe.
x ..1.H6'bT B puc . .N'2 312 ce K83Ba 08'lapHUK.._T.,oH e KB3CHHK; OTrope
TecTea npoT, He3aTaopeHa orpa.n.a; Ha apaTaTa nOJierHan . e osqapHT
H T0HraTa MY (oa11apcKaTa rera) .n.o Hero; B orpa.zt.aTa ca oauuTe, Me>K.!ly
K0HTO H 6JIH3H3KHHHTe, T. e. OBUHTe, KOHTO ca 6JIH3'HHJIH, C KoeTO ce
>KeJiae OBUHTe .n.a 6JIH3HSIT. TOSI OBtiapHHK ce .n.aaa Ha oaqap.H.
X.'1.H6'hT B puc. N2 313 ce HMeHyBa numa 3a .zocnoiJ.R. Toii e no-
roJISIM KB3CHliK, OTrope MY CKJioneHH ,ll.'brH H OT .n.sere ·My CTpaHH no
,ll.Be cnnecKaHH IlHTKH . TOSI XJISl6 non'bT pe}l{e H ~HM~ nopH38HHK.
X;rn6oT B pHc . .NI~ 314 ce Ka3Ba numa 3,a ce. I'eopzu. Toil e MaJI1>K
KBaCHHK, OTrope MY Kp'bCTOC3HH TecTeBH np'btJKH - Kp'bCT3lll C1,C
3aKpHBeHH HaB'bTpe Kpamua. IlonbT ro KaJl.H 1:1 nocne ce pa311ynsa H
pa3}J.asa B Kb~aTa 3a 3.z:r.paBe.
XJIS160T B pHc . .N2 315 ce HMettysa Aumypzufl.. Toit e no-.zt.e6eJI
TecTeB Kp'bCTaru; HOCH ce B UbpKBaTa H T3MO ce pa3.nasa.
62
XJI516bT B pHc. N2 316 ce HM;ettysa npoc{/Jop. ToH e J_f;BaCHHK, He
MHoro ro..1S1M, rnapeH oTrope c npoccpopHHK. Tosa XJie6qe 3HMa. non1>T,
cJie.zt. KaTo npeKa.ztH Tpane3aTa; 3HMa ro ae.n.Ho c nJiernKaTa Ha armrro
H nopH33HHKa .
B c. MapKoBtJa, lllyMettcKo, 6a6a BacuJia n. CTaTeB~, 14 HoeM.
1904 r. MeCH CJie,ZlHHTe .n.aa reprh0BCKH XJIS16a.
XJIS16'bT B pHc. N2 317 ce HMettysa 6ozoeu14a. Tofl e KBaCHHK,
no-roJHIM, C T3KHB3 rnapKH: HMa TecTeB Kp'br, a B Kpora TPH npenne-
TeHH np'b4KH, Ta o6pa3yBa e.ztHH BHJl. JI'b11H OT CJI'bHUe.
OTrope H3 TaH 6oroBHUa ce ry}l{.na npHCH0 CH_peHe H T'bH ce Ka,ll.H.
nonbT ro Ka.zlH H pe}l{e nopS13aHHK.
X.1si6bT B pHc . N2 318 ce HMeHyaa, npae Kpaeau.Toi'i e no-roJISIM
KBaCHHK, SIHUeBH,ZleH, o6Kp'b}l{eH e C HeCKJIOITeH TeCTeB np1>T, 0Trope
HarnapeH Ha neT MecTa c npocq>opHHK.
Ha TOSI XJIS16 ce ry:>KJl.a Kyp6aH'bT, T. e. arHeTo, rJiaaaTa H Kpa-
KaTa. Ilon'bT ro Ka)lH, HO He 3H.Ma OT Hero nopfl3aHHK. 3i1Ma CaMo OT
artteTo. XJISI6'bT ce 1:1ynH na Tpane3aTa.
B c. TIOpK apttayTJiap, IlpoBaJl.HHCKO (npeceJiem-1 OT .lleBneTJIH-
araq, ·Jlo3ettrpaJl.cK o}, 6a6a He.zteJIH feoprHeaa, 11 H0eMB. 1904 r.,
MeCH npe.zt.cTaBeHHTe B pHC. N2 319 H 320 XJifl6oa-e.
X.'rn6oT B pHc. N2 319 ce HMeHyaa KoAaK. ToA e rto-ro.iu1M KBac-
HHK, OTrope MY no-r0JiflM TecTeB JI'bK, HalllapeH Ha Jl.BeTe MecTa C
rpHBHaTa Ha 6yJIKaTa, KaKTO e noco11etto: TPH .zt.oJiy H no TPH OTJIHBO
H OT)lHCH0. B cpe,l\aTa HMa IlHTKa. OT TOH XJIH6 IT0IT'bT pe)Ke nopSl33HHK.

e:: ('.f ~3H x;u16 e no.n.o6eH Ha x.1u16a e pHc . .N'i 208, TY,K nwpcBaT cawo 3'bpRaTa
u.1 6a6a wapKa . 3aToea 11306pa}l{eHHeTO MY Hee .ztaJteHo a npirno>KeHHSlTa. ·
598 JJ.HMHT7,P MAPHJJOB

X~H6'bT B pHc. N!? 320 ce Ka3Ba _Kpaeatl 3a ce . r~op2u . ToJ1 x1u,6

HMa TaK'HBa -rnapx11: oTrope orpaJJ.a tte3aTsopetta, a B'hTp·e 'leTHpH H npH
caMaTa Bp3THHtia e)J,Ha ruapKa OT npocqJOpHHK.
TOH. Kpaeafl 33 CB . feoprH ce )J,3B3 H3 OBtiapJL
B -c. CMoJUIHOBUH, KyTJIOBCKO, Mecnxa JJ.BaTa repi:~oscKH XJIH-
6a, npeJJ.CTaBeHH B pHC . .N'!? 321 ·-H· 322.
XJIS16'bT B pHC . .N'!? 321 ~ Hape11eH 08'lGpHUK, e KB~C~HK, 9Trope
o6opoT C OBttapSI H TOHraTa My; B'bTpe B o6opa ca OBUH'~e,a OKOJJO o6opa
ca -T pure nceTa-co6oTHHUH.
TOSI XJIH6 ce )J,383 Ha OBllapH.
X~s:t6'bT B pnc . .N'!? 322, HapetieH KO/lGK, e no-roJJ~M KB3CHHK,.
HawapeH c Kp'hcTamKa " · npoc¢opu-HK:
·Ka)J,H ce 3ae)lHO C arHeTo H IlOil'bT pe.>Ke OT Hero nopB33HH_K.
·B c. CMflJJ.OBo, lllyMettcxo, ~a6a HoBa HeJJ.eBa, 19 HoeMB.
1904 r., MeCH CJie)J,HHTe reprhOBCKH XJHl6oee, n pe)J,CTaBeHH a pHc.
Ne 323, 324, 325 H 326.
x.,1S16'bT B pHC . .N2 323, Hape11eH KOAQK, e KBaCHHK C .ll.83 TecTeBH
Kporoae arrope H B'hTpe ,ll.pyr Kpor OT ,ll.:Se cnneTeHH np'htIKH.
Tosi KOJiaK IlOil'bT K8)J,H 3ae,ll.HO C arHeTO H pe.>Ke nopH33HHK.
XJISl6'bT B "pHC. N2 324, Hape11eH 11umyp2uR, e Kp'bCT3lll, Il0-M3Jl'bK
KBaCHHK. Her"o IlOTT'bT Ka)lH H ro 3HMa UflJI .
.X.nsi6"bT B pHc . .N2 325, Hape11e·H Kpaeatl, e no-JJ.e6eJJa H JJ.JJ'b:>KKa
TecreBa np'l>llKa, YBHTa OKOJIO ce6e CH Ha KOJieJIO K3TO 3MHB.
XJis:tO'l>T B pHc. N2 326 ce xa3sa Kpaeatl. ToH xpaBaH ce cocTott
OT Kpasaii-Kpor, o6rpa,ZieH c Jlpyr HeCKJioneH Kp"hr orpaJJ.a.
THSJ )J,Ba XJIH6a ce K8)J,SIT H nocJie C M8JIKO Mecq OT npexa.neHOTO
reprbOBCKO atHe ce pa3)13B3T Ha KOMllJHHTe; 3apa)J,H TOBa T8KHB8 Kpa-
B8H MecSIT no HHKOJiKO, KOJIKOTO HMa KOMllJHH .
B C. Pmu' TipecJia_BCKO, 6a6a TieHa nHMHTPHll3, 6a6a )KeKa
Bauosa H 6a6a Myrna )l(e.TibOBa, 21 HOeMB. 1904 r., Mecuxa npe.ncTaee-
HHTe tJeTHpH XJUl6a a pnc . .N2 327, 328, 329, 330.
XJJjiULT B pHc. N2 327 ce K83Ba 08'1.llpKa. Toit e KBacHHK, HamapeH
oTrope c · He3aTaopeHa orpaJJ.a, a :90Tpe - OBUH H oBtJapBT. naea ce
Ha oBqapsi 3ae)J,HO c arHernKaTa rJiasa .
XJis:t6"bT B pHC . .N'2 328 ce K83Ba Kyp6aHCKU XAR6. Toit e KB3CHHK
c mapKH: orrope )J,Be TecTea·H np'h'IKH B'bB BHJJ. Ha noJiyKporose, a npe3
.llOJillJO:e HM Kpamua npeMHHaBa , e)J,Ha np"htIKa OT JJ.l3e npenJieTeHH
np"htJK:lf.
Tos XJIS16 ce K8)J,H aae)J,HO C arHeTO H IlOil'bT ro pe:>Ke H 3HMa
nopjf33HHK. '
X.ufimT a pHc . .N'2 329 ce HapH'la Kp'6cmHuKoeu11m Ko.aaK. Toi't ·e
KB3CHHK, KOHTO ce ~OCH .Ha Kp'bC'J'HHKa OT MJ18~8Ta 6y.nKa' , KOraTO TOR
w.e H CWJ1e11e ropHaTa JJ.pexa,- K3KTO TOBa w.e 6'b)J,e DOCO'leHO TYK B-
reprbOBCKwre o6HtJaH.
T011 ,COJJaK ce MecH c·aMo 3KO ~ K"bUJ.BTa HMa ~Jla.lla pyJJKa .
PEJIHI'H03HH OEHl/A Jf 599
X JJ.H6'bT -B pHc . .~2.330, Ha pe11eu K.p'bcmawKa, ce Ka.nH, . pa3q y naa
-ce H ce pa3,ll.ai3a Ha KOMlllHHTe 3ae)J.HO C arHeTO. To.ff XJUl6 e no.no6eH
H8 · XJUI03; npe.ncTaBeH 'B·pHC. N~ 324. .
B c . ..Rott-a.:K, EcKHJJ.:>KY~~HCKO, . oaoa .ll'ouJ1; )K~K-Qaa. lfi ctta?ca ' i-1
PaJta; -~4 HOeMa•. l 004 ·r : , M.ecuxa·r eprbolicK HH XJ1~6.~-.1lHeTo HaqepTa Hlie
ce· BH~a. B pHC. ·.N2 33f. ToH XJUl6 ce K33B8 KO/IGK.
TOH ce K3)1.H 3ae)J.HO C ·ariie:ro .H IlOil'b'.f pe:>Ke nopH38HHK.
B c. na.rrHMa puH, T'hpHOBCKO, ."6a6a "J1BaHKa Kapa-To. nopm~a,.
28 HOeMB. 1904 r·., MeCH ·.n~aTit . t~prbOBCKH XJIH6a, 1.jHeTO ff31.jepT3HHe
ce BJUK,lla a pile . .Nt 332 u 333 .
.XJJji6'bT a puc. N2 332 ce Ka3sa 2ocnoaboB KoAaK. Toil e KBaCHHK,.
0Trope H3lll3peH C Kp'hCT31U , cnJieTeH 01'" )lBe TecTeBH np'bllKH ·c'bC
·3aKpHBe llH Kpamua. To.R xJrn6 ce- 1<ailH 3ae)lHO e arHeTo H non'hT pe>Ke
OT Hero ·nopH38H HK.
X.ri.H6'bT B p·H c. N2 333 ce Kaaaa Kowapa. KaacHHK c'hc CKJJOnetta
orpa)la,' a,· B'bTpe OBUH, 0B113pHT ; TOHf.3.T3 H .' tJa.HT3Ta; B'bH OT orpa)laTa
ca aepHHTe TpH nceTa•C'b60THHUH. . '
To.ff XJIH6 ce )1,aaa Ha oa11·a pH 33e)lHO C artternKa Ta rJiaBa.
:B'c. TO)l.bOBUH,° EJieHcKo,-'(fa~a MapHH CTOeHHUa H Jlp., 26 IOJUI
1890 r., MeCHXa XJIH6oBeTe, 'npe)lc'ta a·eHH a pHC. N2 334 H 335.
){JJH6'bT _B PHC . .334 ce H3pHtI3 KOAQK. Toil ce K3)lH 3ae)lHO C
arHeTo; oT 1:1ero ndffbT ·pe-?.Ke nopH33HHK.
XJU16'bT B pHc. N,2 335, m~·pe11eH KOtuapa, e KB3CHHK .C orpa)l.a;
Ta.ff or.pa.na BM3 OTBopeH a BpaTHHUa, npe)l. KOHTO Jie.>KH OBtiapHT,
a B'bTpe ca OBUHTe H JlBeTe , 6JJ~3H~KHHH-OBUH.
B c. PeceH, TopHoBc Ko, 6a6a Bop6a MecH noco'IeHHTe B pHc.
N2 336 H 337 reprhoBC KH XJI.H6oae.
XJl.H6'bT a pHc. N2 336, ttapetJeH 6020Bu4a, e KBaCHHK no-roJJHM,
H33'bCNeH C orpH6Ka Ta, KaTO BeHeu .HMa OTrope nOJIO)KeH Kp'br, a . B
cpe)laTa UBflT.
Tofl XJIH6 ce K8)l.H 38e)l.HO C arHeTo H IlOTI'bT pe)Ke nop.H3aHHK.
;XJJ.H61>T B j)HC. ·Ng 337, Hape11e1-1 08'1.apCKU KpaBau, e KB3CHHK;
OTrope MY HMa Kp'hr, •Ha3'b6tJ~H c HO)K, KoilTo n pe)l.cT~BJIHBa orpa)l.aTa
npH xoui~pa..Ta Ha 0BUHTe. B TaH ,orp~)la ca npe)l.CTaB eHJ-1 0BUHTe H
·osqap.HT , ··K 0HT0 e TI0JlerHaJ I; 0K0JI0 0B1.JapH ce BH.>K)laT TPHTe MY BepJ-iH
oa11apcKH rtceTa-co 60THHllH .
B · c. ~onJiem, ra~poBc~ o, 6yJI.H M~PHH JleKoaa, poJI.oM OT
6nH)KHOT O ceno 3eJieHo ,lopao, MecH npe)lcTaa·eHHTe B pnc . .N'2 338 u 339
reprbOBC KH XJIH60Be . -
KJT1?6'hT B pHc. N2 338 ce Ha,puqa 2ep2b08CKU KoAaK H Ka)l.H ce
3ae)lH0 C arHeT0; Il0il'~T ro pe.>Ke H 3JtM8 nopfl38HH K. ·

'X\111161>T B pHC. 339 Ce Ka3~8 08"'1pCKa KOULapa. Ton ce K8)1.H

N2
H ce HOCH npH OB.UHTe H K03HTe, )l,eTo ro )l.aBaT Ha 0B1.Jap». TaMo T()SI
:XJJfl6ce JJOMH H OT Hero ce ry.>KJla B K'h_pMHJIKaTa H ce )l.aaa Ha CTa)loTo;
.JJ.pyrOTO '.ff)le OBtJap.HT. -
 600 /lHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

B c. KoJitt61ne, TpoHHCKO, 6a6~ ITeHa M1tqeaa ITJiaTHapKaTa

MeCH nocot:JeHHTe a PH~- ,Ng 340 fl 341 r:eprbOBCKH XJIHOOBe.
X.'iH6oT B pttc. ,Ng 340 ce Hap,~ q_a zepcb08CKU KO/lGK; TOH ce Ka.nu C
arHeTO· H OOH'bT TO pe:>Ke; OT ·TOH 'XJIH6 ·T6A •a'JIMa riopst3aHHK.
XJIH6oT B pwc. N2 341 ce Ka3Ba oo'lllpcKa r-,uitudpa; a -ttero ce 'Blt~•
.l(a orpa.llaTa·, a npil · c·' ropraTa · noJierfiaJI.· oliiiaJiHT H · oa-u1ne · oi<'OJio
Hero; BoH OT orpa,llata ·ce ·a1-pKJlaT Tp.HTe oaqapcKH nceTa-co60THHUH.
TOH XJIHO ce K3.llH H ce ,llaBa Ha OBll~pH, KOHTO ro HOCH npH OBUHTe,
lIOMH ro H .llaBa Ha. CT3.!J.OTO B KopMli.TIKaTa.
B c;. IOnep, Ty,-paKaHcKo, MH Mec11xa nocotJeHHH B pHc. N2 342
reprbOBCKH XJIHO; TOH e MHOfO IIPHJIHt:JeH Ha BeJI'HKJieHCKIUI XJIH6 e
puc. N2 264. TyK ce Ka3Ba zepzbOBCKU Ko1wK·.
ToH XJIH6 e fOJIHM KB3CHHK, HarnapeH OTrope C TeCTeBa Kp'bCTaw-
Ka H ll'bKOBe, Ha3o6qeHH 3Hrsar C orpH6Ka; npH BCeKH Kpau: Ha Kp'b-
CTarnKaTa HMa no ,llBe M3JIKH IIHTKH, KOHTO 03HatJaBaT OBUH.
Toii ce Ka)I.H 3ae)I.HO C arHeTO; TIOII'bT ro pe.>Ke H 3HMa rrop.s13aHHK.
B c. TI11proc, PycettcKo, Mecttxa reprhoBCKJ-1 XJI~9, npe.llcTaeeH
B pHC • .N'!~ 343. TyK TOH ce K33Ba zepZb08CKU KOAaK.
Tm1: e KB3CHHK no-roJIHM C . ,llBa HeCKJioneHH Kpora, KOHTO n-pe,zt-
CT3BJIHBaT orpa)I.HTe Ha llBOpa H KornapaTa, a BoTpe neT TTHTKH, KOHTO
O3H3lfaBaT OBUH.
Toii ce Ka,llH sae;.1,HO C arHeTo, IIOII'bT ro pe:>Ke ~ 3HMa nopH3aHHK.
Tim: )I.Ba KOJlaKa npe)lcTaBJIHBaT KO/laK H KOtuapa.
B c. 6aJ1BaH, TopHoBcKo, 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KoBa H 6a6a KoHa
K OJiboBa, 4 a Br. 1889 r . , Mec11xa XJIHoa repr:uoBCKH, npe.ncTaBeH B
puc. N2 344. Tm'.% TYK ce Ka3Ba zepzboocKu Kpcwau.
TOH XJIH6 ce Ka,U.H 3ae,llHO C arHeTO, ITOII'bT ro pe.>Ke H 3HMa
IIOpH3aHHK.
B c. Kosap 6eJiette, Camu.oacKo, oa6a MHtJa l1JIHH1Ieaa MecH
XJI.si6a, rrpe,llcTaBeH a p11c. N2 345. Toii e no,llo6ett 11a XJI.s16a Ng 129.
To.s1 XJIH6 ce KallH Ha Tpane3aTa OT rrona, 11 pe.>1<e OT Hero· nap.s1-
saHHK.
B c. JleTHHI{a, JloBtJaHCKO, 6a6a rm.J,a MeCH reprbOBCKHTe XJl.sl-
6oBe, npe.llcTaBeHH B p1-1c. ,Ng 346 11 347.
XJI.sIO'hT B p11c. Ng 346, 6oz08Ut{a, npHJIH:qeH Ha XJIH6a B puc.
Ng 46, ce Ka,U.H Be)lHO C artteTo H peMe ce OT rrorra, a XJIH6'bT B pHC.
Ng 347" - KOtuapa, ce .zxaBa Ha oaqapH.
B c. TypcKH TpocTeHHi<, H11KonoJicKo, 6aoa ·Pyca HHKOJtOBa H
6a6a ITeHa M11J1qesa MecHxa reprhOBCKHTe xn.s16ose, npe)J.cTaBeHH B
p11c. N2 348 H 349.
XJIH6bT B pHC. ,Ng 348, 60c08Utfa, ce Kat{H 3ae)J.HO C atHero·~ pe>Ke
ro IIOlI'bT H JIOMH ce Ha Tpane3aTa. ,
XJI.s161>T s p11c. Ng 349, Kotuapa, e no.L(o6eH H_ a xna6a -~ . puc.
,Ng 341; K8,U.H ce H ce HOCH npH ·oBUHTe, )J.eTO C Hero ce H3Bbpme-a o6pe.i\,
3a KOHTo UJ,e rosopHM TYK rro-)l.o.r1y.
B c. MaparnKH TpocTeHHK, IlJieaeHcKo, 6a6a .llparatta Toqeaa
p£JTl1I'l 103Hl1 OE/11./ A /1 601
11 .llp., no1<a3am1 no-rope, Mec11xa ;t,BaTa reprbOBCKH XJIH6a, npeJI.cTa-
Bem1 B pHc. N2 350 H 351.
XJIH~bT B pHc. N2 350 ce HapHtia 6ozoeu4a H e noJJ.o6ett Ha XJlH6a
B puc. -N2· 2Q. ToH XJ1H6 ce KaJJ.H c artteTo 3ae.n.tto, pe:>Ke ce OT m;m a . H
JIOMH ce Ha -Tpane3aTa .
XJIH~bT s pHc. N2 351 ce Ka3Ba KOUJ.apa OB'ia; TOH e noJJ.o6eH J-Ia
Kouwpama ·B_p1-1e . N2 335. ToH XJIH6 ce npama Ha KowapaTa tta oaqapH,
-.n.eTo ce H3Bb pwsa o6peJJ., 3a KOHTO me FOB0pHM TYK Jl.OJiy.
B c. JlonHH, TeTeBeHcK o, 6a6a Byn1 HHKOJIHua H 6a6a :HaaHa
Bo.nqoBH:Ua MeCHXa JJ.BaTa reorbOBCKH XJIH6a, npe.n.cTaBeHH .B pHC .
.N2 352 H 353.
XJIH6bT B pwc. N2 352, 602oeuL{a, ce Ka.n.11 3ae.n.Ho c arHeTo,
nonbT ·pe>l\e nopH3aHnK H ce JI0MH Ha •Tpane3aTa ).J,a .ce HJ.le.
X~H6bT B p11c. N2 353, OB'tapcKa Kowapa ; B KOHTO ce BH.>KJJ.a or-
paJI.aTa .J.-Ia K0Lµa paTa CbC' CTbpraTa; Ha CTbpraTa ae.n.poTO -(TeCTeBOTO
KOJialle), .n.o. ae.n.poTo OBYap.HT, npe.n.cTaBeH B e.n.na TecTeaa np1>tt11ua,
KO~TO MbJI3e OBUHTe.
To~ XJIH6 ce HOCH Ha KowapaTa npH 0BU~Te. Ha KOwapaTa c TOH
XJrn6 e,UHO M0MHt.Je me OOHKOJIH KowapaTa .H o6opa Ha OBUHTe .n.o TPH
TibHI l< noc.TJe me ro .n.a.n.e Ha OBYapH;. osqap.HT me ro pa3t.JYTIH HOT Hero
me na.n.e Ha oaua c .>KettcKo arHe.
B c. JlHTaKoao, OpxattHHCK O, 6a6a To.n.opa n. XpHcToaa H 6a6a
BonKaHa . neuoBHUa MeCHXa reprb0BCKH Te XJU16oae, npe.n.cTaBeHH B
p'HC. N2 354 H 355.
X:rn61>T B pHc. N2 354, 6oi oeu4a, e no.a.o6eH Ha xJrn6a B pHc.
Ne.? 15. Taff ce KaJI.H 3ae.n.Ho c artteTo H nonbT .ro pe.>1<e;. KoraTo .n.a ro
pem:e, TOH n1>pao ro no.n.xa1>pra Harope, 3a .n.a 61>)IaT KJiacoseTe roJie!\rn,
a CTpbK0BeTe BHC0KH. . .
XJrn61>T B puc. N2 355, 06tiapcKa Kowapa, ce .n.aaa Ha onqapH H
ce .JI0MH . npH OBU.HTe.OT TOH XJIH6 ce .n.aaa Ha OBU.HTe a KbpMHJIKaT a,
a .npyraTa. t.JaCT HJI.e OBttapHT. ~ XJIH6a Ha BpaTHHUaTa e ae.n.pI-i.uaTa, s
KOHTO ce MbJI3HT OBUHTe, Jl.O ae.n.pm.1.aTa OBYapHT, KOHTO MbJI3e.
B c. 6HJia CJiaTHHa 6a6a Casa HsattHUa MecH .n.aaTa reprbOBCKH
XJIH6a, npe.n.cTaBeHH B ,PJ1C. N2 356 H 357.
XJrn61>T B pMc. N2 356, iepehoocKu KOAaK, e no.n.o6ett tta XJI.H6a
B {)I-IC. N2 25 C3M0 C TaH pa3JIHKa,qe TYK B cpe).{aTa e HawapeH C no-
THCHHK (npoccpoptt HK), a XJIH.61>T N2 25 Ha cpe~aTa HMa UBeTeu. Kona-
KbT ce Ka.ntt. 3ae.n.tto c arHeTo M non1>T ro pe.>Ke.
XJIH61>T B pHc. N2 357, KoUJ.apa, ce ).J,asa Ha oayapH 11 ce HOCH npn
OBUHTe. CTpe.n.H ~a ro JIOMH, OBYapHT ro TbPKYJIHe Ha Kp'bCT npe3 OB-
. U.HTe, a -rroc~,e ro JIOMH H .n.aaa OT Hero Ha OBUHTe ~ KbpMHJIKaT a, a
0CTaHaJI0T0 TOH HJ.le C artteWK0 Meco.
B c. lJ11peH, BpaqattcKo , 6a6a EJTetta To.n.oposa Mattacposa Mecn
reprb0BCKHTe .uaa XJI516a, npe).J,CTaBeHH B pw.c. N2 358 H 359.
X JI.H6bT n pHc. N2 358, 6oeOBUlfa, ce Ka).J,H c ,artteTo Ha Tpane3a-
Ta H ITOTibT ro pe>Ke M 3JIMa nopH3aHHK .
602 1/.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

-·X.JJJ16'bT ·B p1-1c. -N2 359, OBatapcKa Ko~apa, . e noAo6eH Ha XJIH6a

1
B _pHC~~g- 21, a KOHTO_ce _BH:>K)!-!T,..e>6op~T H <>B:it~PCKaTa _Tosibi :Ha cnp-
raTa, -;ZlO HeH· KbOCe.M4f1m:·(oBeH,·~KOHTO BOAH cTa~OTO},. a CJl~,ll'Her~ B'bpBSIT
oauHTe; ·oKono ooopa· ca iieT tmpa'looe ' (e.zt: q. ·cmpa'l -1t6J1ii61Ca s~ pee-·
•ta-Ta), B KOHTO CilSIT oeqapCKHTe nceTa. . .
TOH XJI.R6 ce HOCH 1:i'a Kbmapa'i'a :u ce JJ.aBa H3 OBllapH.
:a c. ·MaJiopaT, OpHxd'13c1Ko, 6a6a M~puH C»a-Kott·oea ..)recH npe.l(-
cTaeeH~Te :1f pHC . .N2 360- i-1 361 TeprbOBCKJ(XJJ~6oBe.
X.nH6'bT .B piic~.N2 . 360~ 6t200µ,1,4a, eho-roJiHM KB3CHHK, KOHTO
ce KaAH :Ha i'parie3aTa 3ae,llHo c arHeTo H non'hT pe>1<e OT »ero nops-
33HHK.
XJJH6'hT .B p»c. N2 361; ge~apHuK, c'henprnetto noAo6ea :Ha XJU16a
B pHC . .N2 21 ,·ce HOCH Ha i<orn3:paTe npH OBUHTe H ~Jle,l\ KaT6 ce·H3B'bpurn
·c Hero 'it3BecTeH · o6pe,n, .n,aea: ce H~l' OBtJapji. OetJapHT ro JJOMH n 11acT
OT Jiero·)J.aea H·a oeu'n-Te a· K'hPMHJIKaTa; )laea H i-Ia nceTa.Ta -rio-e.anH 3a-
JI'hK, -~ oci'aHaJioTo ·•.si.zLe c ar'HeTo.
B c. C-raKhOBUH, 6eJ1orpaP.1;1HrnKo, 6a6a To.n.opa H 6a6a Bn,IJ.a
MeCHXa reprbOBCKHTe XJJH60Be, npe.n.ciaBeHH B pHC . .N2 362, 363 H 364 .
.• Xn.si6'bT B pnc. N2 362, 6oZ08Ul{G, ce K3)1.H Ha Tpane3aTa 33e,ll.HO C
araeTo ·H rion'hT. ro pe:>Ke H 3HM3 nopH3aliHK. ·
XJISl6'bT B pHc . .N2 363, KOl,Uapa, B KOHTO ce BH:>K)l3T orpa,IJ.aTa Jia
o6opa c OBUHTe H OBllaJ:HT Ha CT'bpraTa. Tosi XJIH6 ce·aocu il_pH OBUH-Te
H3 O'lJJ}3/Cti.8ama (ncRma) H T3MO, Ka°TO ce H3B'bplllH H3BeCTeH oope,IJ.,
.n.aBa ce Ha oa11apH, KOHTO ro JIOMH H e,u.tta 1.1acT )J.aaa Ha ·oe1.diTe B K'hp-
MHJIKaTa, 3 OCT3H3Jl0TO H)le TOH.
XJIH6'hT B pHc; .N2 364, HapeqeH KbOCe.M., . npe)lcTaBJJHBa KbOCeMa,
KOHTO B0)1.H CT3)J.OTO, HJIH 036?,HKapKama (oeua, B cny11ait ·11e JlHTICBa
a
KbOCeM}, KO.SITO TO:>Ke BO)l.H C'rn)J.OTO. ropHHTe KJIOHOBe XJI$16a npe,n.-
CT3BJIHB3T Kb0CeM'bT (poroi3eTe My), aJlOJlHHTe - JJ.3B'bHK3pKaTa.
To.ff XJJH6 ce i<BAH Ha Tpane3aTa oT nona 3ae)J.HO c arHeTO H .IJ.py-
n1Te xJJ.H6oae H ro36H It nocJie c Meco OT arHeTo ce HOCH H·a JJ.'bp1KasaTa
npH OBUHTe, .n.eTo oeqapHT. ro JIOMH H · .naea n'hpBo Ha KbOCeMa HJIH
3B'bHKapKaTa, a nocJie H Ha JJ.pyrHTe OBU.H B ·K 'bpMHJIKaTa.
B c. OcnKcBo, BpaqattcKo, npeJJ.eJIHO enc ceJiaTa e McK'bpcKo,
6a6a CTOeHHU3 MeCH reprbOBCKHTe XJIH6oee, npe.n.cTa·ee'H.H B pHC.
N2 365; 366 H 367.
XJiH6'bT ·s · pHc . .N2· 365, KO/lGK, ce K3)1.-H Ha Tpane3aTa C _ arHeTO,
non'bT To pe:>Ke H 3HM3 nopH33HHK. ·OcTaHaJIOTO ce JiOMH H H)J.e ·Ha
Tpane3aTa.
· ){·JJH6'hT B pHc . .N2 366, 08'lapHuK. B XJI.H6a ce BH:>K.IJ.a orpa,n.a!a
H8 KofuapaTa HJIH o6dpa; Ha CThpraTa CTOSIT ,iJ.BeTe nceTa; )l.O TSl_X ·ner-:.
J-13J1H )J.Be 0BU.H-~JIH3H3KHHH, a no-HaTaM ·113 •io6opa ca )J.pyr1ne OBUH-
To.H XJUi6 :ce HOCH np·H OBUHTe, T'_b'pi<a-JI.ff ·cen·.pe3 T.HX H ce :pa~qyn_B a
ua MH(?fO MaJIKH 3a.hitoBuil',· xo1-no 'ce _ ry>i<)laT a ·i<'hpMHJIKaTa H ce ,n.asaT
Jia cta~o. · ·
XJI.H6'bT e pHc . .N2 367 ce ·Ka3Ba OB'lap. B Hero ce BH·:>1<.IJ.a orpa-
pEJIIII'1f 03 H JI OB JI l/.A H 603
,nara, cT'hprara, A~ere . ncera Ha · CTbpraTa, Ao T.SIX JIBe 0BUH 6JIH3tta-
KHHH, a 6JIH30 ~o CTbpraTa. 0TBb}-JKa JierHaJI 08'-taPHT 11 H8 CTpa1rn
oeqapcKaTa MY ro.s1ra (rer.a) .
To.H KB3CHlfK ce Ka)I.H Ha Tpane3aTa H nocJie UHJI ce HOCH Ha K0-
wapara npH 0BUHTe 33.e)I.HO c Meco OT arHeTo H ce ·)l.aaa Ha oa1.J apH )I.a
ro H)le .
.B c. Cry6eJI, KyrJioBcKo , (>a6a TTetta PHcToaa Mecw reprboBcKHTe·
XJIH60Be, npe,llCTaBeHH B pHC. N2' 368 H 369.
XJrn6'hT B pHc. N2 368, KOAaK, -e no-roJIHM KBaCHHK c neT -ma pKH
C npoaj>opHHK H -Kp'bCT8lll, H33'b6'lleH C HanpycuH HJIH BHJiywKa . Tm1
xJrn6 ce Ka.llH Ha rpane3aTa 3ae)I.H0 c arHero, non'bT ro pet<e H 3HMa
nopH38HHK-,· . '
XJIB6'bT B pHc. N2 369, 06'lapHUK, no-roJIHM KBacttHK c orpaJJ,a,.
B orpa,naTa B'bTpe 0B1Iapsn, JI.Be OBUH 6JIH3H3.KHHH H JJ.py rH OBUH, a
B'hH 0K0JI0 orpa)l.aTa TPH ncera-c'b60THHUH.
TOSI XJUl6 ce HOC-M npH oa'uHTe Ha KornapaTa H T3MO ce JIOMHJI;.
'13CT OT Hero ce JJ,aBa.TJa Ha CT8,ll,0TO B K'bpMHJI0TO, a ;J.pyraTa H.1 0B4a-
pslT c arHernKo Meco.
B. c. KJIHcypa, 6epK0Bc1<0, 6a6a Map1,rn EttHUHHa MecH XJI.H6o-
eere, npe,llCTaBeHH B pHC. N~ 370 H 371.
XJIH6'bT B pHc. N2 370, 6020Buu,a, ce Ka~H Ha 1pane3aTa 3ae,n.Ho
c arttero; non'hT ro pe>1<e H 3HJ\•ta nop.H33HHK.
Xm16'bT B pHc. N2 371, Kowapa , ce ttoceJI tta KornapaTa npu cB-·
UHTe H -K 03HTe H Ta.MO ce qyneJI H JJ,aBaJI e,n.Ha 43.CT Ha CT3,ll,OTO, a .u.py-
rara HJI 081.13.pHT C MeCOTO OT arHeTo.
B c. 6aJiaHOBO, JlynHHlllKO, 6a6a 3atta CToHJIKoBa Mecu rep-
fb0BCKHTe X,PSI6oee, npe,ncTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 372 H 373.
XnSI6'bT B pHc. N2 372, KoAaK, no-roJI.HM KBaCHHK. Toft ce Ka,ll,H
Ha rpane3ara 3ae,ll.H0 c arHeTo H ,ll.pyrHTe ro36H; pe*e ro non'bT H
3HMa nopH33HHK .
XJ.IH6'bT B pHc. N2 373, oo'l.apHuK, B KOHT0 ce BH)K,D.a orpaJJ,aTa;
Borpe .HMa nperpa,ll.eH erpeK c 0BUHTe, a B ,ll.py rara 1.1acT e oa 1iap51r-
(Hanpasetta nHpaMH,lJ.Ka) c Ky1.1ero (H3npaeeHa KYKJrn) H oa11apcKaTa
rosra (rerara), cJI0>1<eHa npH spaTHHUaTa.
TOH XJISI6 ce ,lJ.aBa Ha 0BtiapH H ce JJ0MH tta Kcwapara npH OBUHTe
H K03HTe. AKO CTonaHHH'bT HMa CB0H MH0f0 OBUH, K3KT0 e 6HJJO HSIK0-·
ra, JIOMH Ce H Ce ,ZlaBa Ha 0BtJapSI C arHelliKO MeC0.
B- c. fopHH OKoJI, CaMoKoBcKo, UaHKa- XpHcTaKeBa H ..u.p.,
noco1.1eHH no-rope, Mecuxa reprh0BCKHTe -XJJS160Be, npe,ncr aEeHH B-
PHc. N2 374 H 375.
XJISI6or B puc. N2 374 e no-roJI.HM KBaCHHK, ttapetJeH KOAa K.
Toi% ce KaJJ.H Ha Tpane3ara 3ae)I.H0 c arHeTo 11 .npyrHre ro36H, pe>Ke ro,
nonoT, a. nocJJe ce JJ0MH H .SIJJ.e.
XJIS160T a puc. N2 375, HapetieH OB'lapHuK, e KBacHHK c orpa..n.a .
np) H BpaTHHUaTa ca TPHTe nceTa, JJ.0 T.HX e K0Uiapar a Ha 0BtJapH ( Kp'br-
'ie; JJ.O KowapaTa e ouqap.HT, 38CT.aH~Jl npe,ll. OBUHTe, a JJ.O Hero OBUHTe ►
604 P.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

To.Si xm16 ce )J.aBa Ha OBttap.H H ce HOCH npH 0BUHTe.

B c. PaJJ.OHJI, CaMOKOBCKo, EHHKa ArrocroJioaa MecH reprhoe-
CKHTe XJ15I60Be, npe,n.cTaBeHII B pHC. N2 376 H 377.
XJrn6bT a pHc. N2 376, Hape1.IeH KoAaK, ce Ka):(H. Ha rpaneJara
3ae;l_HO- C arHeTo; TOH XJIH6 pe.>Ke nonbT H 3HMa nop.H3aHHK. TOH ce HJ.{e
Ha rpane3aTa.
XJIR6bT B pHC. Ng 377, HapetteH 08411pHUK, ce HOCH npH OBU.HTe H
.,lI.8B3 Ha OBttapH.
B c . IIhmKa 6a6a .[lotta Y3ytt-HHKOJioBa H 6a6a U.aHa IleTKOBH·
ua MeC11Xa reprbOBCKHTe XJUI6oae, rrpe)J.cTaBeHll B pHC. N2 378 H 379.
XnH6'hT s pHc. N2 378, 6ozoea numa, ·ce Ka.llH 3ae)J.Ho·cartte1o
u ce 51,lle Ha rpane3aTa. DonbT ro pe.>KE:. H 3HMa rropH33HHK.
XJIH6bT a pHc. N2 379, oewpHuK_. ce MeceJI H HOCeJI I-ta naHTata
npn OBUHTe· H K03HTe.B Hero ce BlDK,LI.a o6opbT C 0BUHTe; tt'a CT'bprara
e se;i.pttuara (KoJieJJo) :n .u.o Hero OB4apHT, npHrorseH )la MbJI3e cra.noro.
Bott OK0Jl0 o6opa ca TPHTe nceTa•Cb60THHUlL
B c. Taop.llHUa, Hoao3aropcKo, 6a6a .[lo6pa H 6a6a Map1rn Me-
c11xa XJIH6oBeTe, npe,llCTaBeHH B pHC . .N2 380 H 381. I'

X. 1H60T B pttc. J\fo 380,

1 6ozoeu4a HJJH 602oea numa, ce Ka.l{H or
nona Ha Tpane3a:ra H TOH ce JIOl\lH H H,lle Be.LI.HO C arHeT0. Or TOH XJIH6
non"hT 3HMa nopH38HHK .
XJIH6'bT B pHc. N2 38l, oet£apnuK, ce Mec1w, a H cera ce MecH e
HHK0H Kblll.H, .u.ero HM8 f0JIHM0 CTa,llo. Tofi ce ·Ka)I.H Ha Tpane3aTa, HO
He Ce•Jl0MH, a H0Ce.11 ce naK npH 0BUHTe H T3!\'10 ce JIOMHJl, rrpH.14py)KeH
C UHJI o6pe.n. OT Hero ce .u.asa.10 Ha CT8)J.OT0 B K'bpMHJIKaTa .
B c . Me.u.BeH, KoTJieHCKO, 6a6a BoHKa H 6a6a n:>Ke,na MeCHxa
xJrn6osere, npeJJ.CTaBe1rn B rpHre pHCYHKlf N2 382, 383 H 384.
XJI.H6bT B pHc. N2 382, 6oiceuqa, ce Ka.zrn 3ae.nlio c arHero H ce
Jl0MH Ha Tpane3aTa.
XJI.H6'bT B pHC . .N2 .?83, oet.tapHUK, ce ,lJ.aBa Ha 0BliapH H HOCH ce
npn 0BUHTe. Orpa.z.r.ara e 3arsopeHa c spaTHHUa; TH e nperpa,neHa
Ha qenipH OT)J.eJieHH.H, OT KOHTO B e)J.H010 OT)I.eJieHJ-Ie ca OBHHTe, B
.llP)T0T0 - OBUHTe, B TpeTOT0 - oaqapHT C rerara, a B tieTBb{)TOTO -
nceTaTa.
XJIH6"hT B pHc . .N2 384 e o6HKHOBeHa rrHTKa . 63 Ha cpe,11.ara m.1a
3a6y'lleHo KJIQHqe OT 6yK (.l('bpBo) .
Ha T3H TIHTKa ry)KJJ.8T tteCbH (3eJieH)' B0W.eHa CBe~ H 6y,rna CH-
peHe (np.HCHO) H pa3H3CHT no KOMlllHHTe 33 3.z.r.paBe 'tta CTa)J.0T0 H Ha
.n.euaTa.
B Dattat10pmn,e 6a6a Ma pH Ha .[{o6peaa · H .u.pyrure ome .nee 6a6e..!
TI0C04eHH no-rope, MeCHXa .ZlBaTa ..xJIH6a, npe,lI.CTaBeHH B pHC. N2 38n
M 386 .
X .,'HJ6'bT B pHc . .N2 385, 60200a numa, ce K3JI.K Ha rpane3aTa c
arHeT0 11 ce 51)J.e TO.ff .lleH C MJI3JJ. tteCH0B .11y1c

63
[ B n p 1<.110>1<.eHHHTa Jrntica a Ha'lepTaHtteTo Ha T03M xnR6.}
P E ,11 H I' H O 3 H J1 O S J,J tJ .4 J1 6os·
X1rn6'bT B pHc . .N2 386, 084.apHuK 11Jrn oecw,pc,..a numa, ce Ka,nH
Ha Tpane3aTa, HO He ce Jl0MH H H.ne, ace H0CeJI Ha OBttap.H npH OBU,HTe.
TTnpBlUIT XJIH6 )J.HecKa ce p5I.Z{KO MeCH. 6a6a )la.na feHllOBHUa
[HMH.Z{)KHHCKa ro Mee» H )J.HeCKa .
,UpyrHHT XJIH6 )J.HecKa HHKOH He MeCH B rpa.n.a, MeCHJIH ro HHK0-
ra, KoraTO HMaJio CT3)J.HHU.H B TTaHarIOpHme. )lHeCKa o6aqe ce MeCH B
H.HKOH CeJia B TTaHarIOpCKO.
B c. ,UepeKbOH, Kn3'hJiaratJKO, 6a6a Mop¢a MeCH .nsaTa XJrn6a
reprhOBCKH , npe.ncTaBeHH B PHC. N2 387 H 388.
X1u160T B pHc. N2 387, 6ozoea numa, ce Ka)J.H Ha Tpane3aTa c
arHeTo, _JIOMH ce H ce 51)1.e. ITonnT ro pe)Ke H 3HMa nopH3aHHK.
XJrn6'bT B pHC. N2 388, K0tuapa, ce Ka)J.H H HOCH Ha K9rnapaTa
npH 0BUHTe. )lHeCKa o6atJe MH0f0 pH)J.KO ce MeCH. TH ro :MeCH n .Z{HecKa.
TaK'bB XJUI6 Mee.HT H B c. )lepeMaxJie .
A r 1:1 e T o H JI H K y p 6 a H 'b T (.>K e p T B a T a). ArHeTo,
Ha petieHO B TO.SI CJiytJaH zepcb0BCK0 a21te, Il0CJie o6pe,nHHTe XJUI6ose e
rJiaBHH.HT o6eKT, OKOJIO KOHTO Ce B'bpT5IT BCHtJKHTe o6pe.nH H U,H.10T0
npasHeHCTBO TOH .n.eH B ceJicKaTa K'blll.a.
ArtteTo, KOeTO w.e 6n.ne 3aKJI8H0 H np1-rneceH0 KaTO )KepTBa Ha
r
CB . eoprH, Tp.H6Ba .na 6n.ne M'b)KK0, 38lll.0TO )KeHCKO _arHe He 6lrna .a.a
ce KOJIH 3a )KepTBa. Tosa arHe ce H36Hpa caMHtJKo. 3a KypoaH ce K0JJn
arHeTO, K0eTo Il'bpBO ce 06.HrHHJIO npoJieTTa; aK0 o6atte TYH Il'bpB0
arHe e )KeHCKO (KaKTO BCHl.JKH )KeJia.HT, 33lll.0T0 B T0.H cJiyt.JaH ce npe.n-
Bew.aBa fOJI.HM K'bCMeT B CTa,noTo), ToraBa ce H36Hpa BT0p0TO, TpeT0T0,
T. e. Il'bpBOTO 06.HrHeHO M'b)KKO arHe.
B HHKOJi MecTa n'hK, KaKT0 ToBa ce npaBH B c. MaparnKH TpncTe-
HHK; TIJieBeHCKO, cyTpHHTa MHOro paHo Ha feprbOB)J.eH me OTB0pHT
CThpraTa Ha o6opa H KOHTO ·osu.a H3Jie3He Il'bpBa, HeHHOTO arHe 3H-
M3T 33 Kyp6aH. Ha CT'bpraTa CTOH 0BtJap.HT H Ha IIU-1.HTa Ha 0BUaTa,
KOSITO H3Jle3He Il'bpBa, ry)K,na npHr0TBeHHH ome OT BetJepTa BeHeu OT
Kpymoeo HJIH H6'bJIKOBO KJI0H"'le C JIHCT8Ta. Tm1 BeHeu ce ry.>K)I.a, e)I.H0,
oBuaTa MHoro .na He 6Jiee, .na He TnryBa no arHeTo CH, a .npyro, 3a
s.n.paBe Ha UHJIOTO CTa,no. TOH BeHeu Ha I.UH.HTa CH 0BUaTa HOCH HJIH
.n.o.n.eTo ,npynue 0BUH ro He pas.n.npnaT,HJIH caMaTa oBua ro He H3r-y611.
To.SI ,neH BC.HKa K'blll.8 Tp.H6Ba HenpeMeHHO .n.a 3aKOJIH arHe; K'bW.a
HJIH sa.npyra, ,neT0 He ce 3aKOJIH arHe Ha TO.H ;I.eH, CtJHTaJia ce B'bH OT
BHpaTa, B'bH OT ceJIOT0. ToH CTpor OOHtJ8H ce e )J.HKTyBaJJ OT ycJIOBHeTc,
qe Ha T0fl ,neH UHJIOTO ceJio, M'b)Ke, )KeHH H .n.eu_a, ce C'b6HpaJio npH
11epKBaTa,B qepK0BHJ-rn )J.B0p H TaM0 IlOffbT e OtJHTB8JI BCHtIKHTe arHeTa,
a nocne cTaeaJio o6w.o ceJicKo yrom,eHHe. nocJie yromemieT o TYK ce
113B1>p1IJBaJIH HHK0H o6pe,nH H OOH118H H HrpaeJIH ce xopa.
A Ha Ta.ff o6ma ce.ncKa Tpanesa e M0)KeJI .n.a 0THJJ.e caMo To311 '
.
Ha K8KBO me My tJeTe
KOHTO OTHece arHe; 33lll.OTO, aKO He OTHece arHe,
IT0IT'bT, C KaKBO me ce,nHe H TOH Ha o6maTa Tpane3a?
B Coq>HHcKo, a ceJiaTa oKoJio rp. Coq>H.H: O6eJIH, <l>HJIHnOBU.H
Bp1>6HHUa, HJIHeHUH H ,np., .n.ocKopo e HMaJio o6HtJai%, na H ,nHecK~
-606' llHMHToP MAPHHOB

comecTayaa, aKo HHKOH He 3aKonH arHe, Hee MO.>Kan .Zla onme To.H ,Zlee
Ha llepKBa, .n:eto e Co6paHO USlnOTO ceno H ,neTo BCeKH e 33Hen· CBoeTO
.arife, Ta TaMO Co6paHH BCHllKH Sl,naT arHeTo Ha o6Iua Tpane38.
ToH o6Htiaii HHKora e 6HJI oow. u cJie.ZloBaTeJIHO, KOHTO Hee HMaJI
arHe, He e MO)KaJI Jl? 3eMe y11acTue Ha oow.ara tpane3a, a oomOTo ce.ncKo
aeceJIHe H qepKyaaHe. Toft e TpS16BaJ10 ,Zla 60.Zle OT.ZleJieH TOSI .ZleH or
CBOHTe C'bCeJIHHH, KOMillHH H pO.ZlHHHH. A TOBa e,ZlHH lJOBeK, OCOOHO
ceJIHHHH, Hee MO>KaJI H He MO)Ke ,Zla noHece, ero 38UIP BCeKH - 6HJI TOH
oorar HJIH ceTeH CHpOMax, 38 TOH ,ZleH w.e HaMepH cpe,ZlCTBa .Zl8 KynH H
38KOJIH arHe H .n.a OMeCH HY)KHHTe o6pe,ll.HH XJIS16oae, Ta H TOH C lie-
. JJH,.~Ta CH .na B3eMe y11aCTHe B OOW.OTO qepKyBaHe, Ha oomaTa Tpane3a.
Tm1 06u11au, l'OJIKOBa CTpor, e ·npe,ZlcTaBeH B H8lllHTe HapO.D.HH
necHJ-1 e TaKaaa Tpan11rna <popMa.
CTOHH HHMaJI caoe CT8,ll.O, a HSIM8JI HH napH ,Zla CH KynH aree;
.>KeHa MY CH OTpH38Jia OT H3HH38 HY)KHHTe ijCLAU (ueJIH, T. e. e,llpH MO-
HeTH) 11 .rr.ana Ha M'b)Ka CH .n.a OTH.lle .n.a KynH arHe. HHKOH o($aqe MY He
..n.an, 3aw.0To TOH .n.eH HHKOH He npo.n.aeaJI OT cTa.n.oro CH arue. Ilpoqee
CTOHH Ha TOSI xy6ae .n.eu TpH6BaJIO .na 60.n.e Ot,ll.eJieH OT ceJISIHHTe, or
C'bCe)J.HTe, OT PO.lI.HHHHTe CH. Toff ce C'bBeTBaJI C .>K:eHa CH H H3H-H3Kpasr
pernHJIH .rr.a 38KOJIHT e,ll.H;HlJKOTO CH ,ll.eTe MOMtJeuue H ,Zla ro oneKaT, Ta C
Hero H Te ,ll.a ce HBHT Ha 06m.aTa Tpane3a. PerneHo, H3D'bJIHeuo.
JleTeTO 6HJIO 38KJI3HO, H31.JHCTeHO, uacoJieHO H TypttaTO B DeI.llT3
.na ce neqe. KoraTo ,ll.OlllJIO eeqe epeMe :na ce H.Zle Ha 11epKea, Ha o6m.o
qepKyBaHe, ,ll.eTO 6HJIO Co6patto UHJIOro ceJio, CTOSIH OTHill'bJI, Ta- orKno-
mIJI aaxnynaKa Ha new.Ta, 3a .rr.a H3B8.ll.H arHeTo. KaKBo o6a11e 6HJIO uero-
aoTo Y.lI.HBJieHHe,KoraTO B new.Ta B'bTpe TOH. BH.ZlHJI CHHlleTO CH >KHBO H
3,ll.paeo; TO ce)lHJIO H CH urpaeJio C e,ll.HH Kyn .>K:'bJITHUH, a B TencH.RT8
Jie}f{aJio onet1eHo TJI'hcTo artte.rocno.n. u ca. reopru 3a rom1MaTa MY pes-
HOCT H npe,ZlaHoCT K'bM 6ora ii ceeTeu.a ro Harpa.ZlHJIH: .n.erero MY O>KH•
BHJIH, ,ll.8JIH MY MHOfO .>K:'bJITHU.H, a om.e H arHe, Ta H TOH .n.a H)le H3 00·
m.aTa Tpane3a,,ll.a He ocTaHe OT.ZleJieH OT ceJIHHHTe H nocpaMeH OT cae-ra.
(TTecettTa e cnywaHa OT 6a6a MH1.1a Hnuiiqeea, c. K03ap Beneue, c·
aapHau1111Te oT 6a6a BoJIKaHa, c. JlHTaKoao, 6a6a Jloua Y3yH-HHKO-
noea, c. llhmKa, 6a6a Mop<pa, c. JlepeKbOH.) A Toaa B)lpHo JIH e? -
38DHT3X 6a6a JloHa. ,,Jla Hee 6HJIO, He -6H ce HH IlSIJl04 ' - MH OTfO-
BOpH TH·.
B e It e u. o T. ArHeTo, oTpe.neHo 3a >KepTaa 6ory u Ha ca. reoprH,
TpH6Ba .na 60.rr.e npHrOTBeHO npe.u.eapHTeJIHO H H3KHTeHO, npe,ZlH .u.a 6'b)le
38KJiaHO. Tyif HaKHTB3He npe.n.cTaBJIHBa BeHeU.'bT.~TOH BeHeU. ce yBHBa
OT }KHBH u.seTH 2ep2b06Ka HJIH zep2b06CKO ijBeme H .n.pyrH TpeaH; reprbOB-
KaTa ce YBHBa C 11epeeu KOHeu. Ha npo11Ka OT· 1.1epHHU.a, Kpyma HJIH
H6'bJIKa, HO OTceqeHH TOSI .n.eH MHOfO pauo 3ae.n.uo C JIHCTaTa ..
· r eprhoBKaTa ce 6epe H3 noneTo e.n.uH ,zteH npe.n.H feprbOB.ZleH,Jl.OHaCR
ce y .ll.OMa H cyTpHHTa patto C'b6HpaT ce HSIKOJIKO MOMH B e,ll.Ha K'bW.8 H
TyKa BCSIKa sue aeaeu. 3a ceoeTo arue.
H.HKora, npe.n.u 100 r., yaHBaHeTo Ha TOH eeHeu ce eonpoeo)KJJ.ano
PEJ1HI'H03HH OEHf./AH 607
c necuH H_.Hrp1:1 . KaKTo necHHTe, T'hH H HrpHTe ca .6HJIH o6pe,nmL
Ba6a BoJIKaua,. c. JlHTaKoso, OpxaHHHcKo, 6a6a MHtrn J1JIHiiqeaa,
c . Ko3ap Be.neHe, CBHI.lJ,OBCKo, H 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TopHOBCK0,
MH npo,neKJiaMHpaxa neceHTa, KOHTo T.e ca HHKora neJlH npH BHeHeT0
Ha aeHeua. neceuTa 3anHcax OT 6a6a BbJ1Katta , a oT .npyrHTe H ,noffhJI·
HHX. JluecKa Ta.H necett ce nee, HO KaTo J<oJie,napcKa, Ha D 'b.!J.HH aeqep.
ETo ff:

TporHaJI MH e UBeTeH f&oprH, • -He I.I.\~ fhoprH cTa,no OBUH,

U.seTeH f&oprH , MHJieH f&oprH, Hono inue py.no HrHe,
PaH0 cyTpHH Ha reprbOB.lleH· Py.no strHe npe.nH CJI'hHUe,
.lla OOH)lH HHBeH C'bH0p, 0 -p e,nH CJl'hHUe C npaBO Cnpue.
HHBeH C'hHo·p , ttecTa ropa . Kona11HTe- MHJIHO MOJistT:
Ha ffhT cpema cTapa 10.na, -OThpBH HH, UBeTeH [boprH,
CTa pa 10.na, caMo.n1rna . · U.aeJreH [boprH, MHJTeH [bopn1,
TH CH Kapa TPH CHH.ll>KHpH, Ill,e Te .na pHM 6'btIBa BHHO.
TpH CHH.ll>KHpH ttepHo po6e: OTroeapH ueeTeH fhoprH:
ce
E.n1-rn CH H,ll>KH p opatIH, --He me fhoprH 61,trna BHH0,
JlpyrH CHH.ll>KHp Ce 0B113pH, HoJlO ifme ae.npo BHHO,
TpeTH CHH)J.>KHp ce KOnattH. 11 TO .na e npe.nH CJl'bHUe,
Opatrn ce MHJIH0 M0JIHT: _ Ilpe.n11 CJI'hHUe c npaao _cbpue.
-OT'b_PBH HH, UBeTeH [boprH, TpbrHa ca6JI.H UBeTeH [boprH,
I.Ue Te .na pHM 3M6a p >KHTO. Ta noceqe cTapa 10.na,
U.seTeH fhoprH oTroaapsi: Ta 0TT'hMHa tteptto po6e.
-He me [boprH aM6ap ">KHT0, PyKHaJIH ca .no TPH peKH:
Hono Hme npeBHT Kpaaail: E.nua peKa 6.HJio MJIHKO,
11 TO .na e npe,nH CJl'bHUe, BSIJIO MJIHKO no 0B43pH;
Ilpe.n11 CJl'hHUe, c npaao cnpue. ,Upyra peKa >KeJITO >KHTO,
OB4<! pH ce MHJIH0 MOJI.SIT: )l(eJITO >KHTO no opaqH ;
-OTbpBH HH, UBeTeH [boprH, TpeTa p~Ka µyilHo BHHO,
I.Ue T£ .n.apHM CTa,no 0BUH~ Pyfrno BHHO no KonatJH .
11.aeTeH fhoprH oTrosapH:
Kone.!{apcKHTe eapHaHTH B C6HY, IV, 8; VIII, 15; IX , 6

KaTo ce yeHe BeHeU'hT, BH3CSI ce B K'hlll.H H ce noJiara npH HK0·

HaTa, .no,neTo .nottecaT arae-ro OT Kol.lla paTa.
B HHK0H ce.na .nttecKa BeHeU'bT e H30CTaBeH, a BMeCT0 Hero YBHBaT
JJ.'hJira sow.eua ceew., K0SIT0 OTnocne ce YBHBa KaTo BeHeu c qepees
B'bJIHeH KOH€:U H C JIHCTa OT reprbOBK3.
B euu11 OT reprh0BKa cpew.Hax . ttaecHK'h,ne, a eetteu OT csew.
cpew.Hax caMo ,B ceJiaTa Jlon.HH, TeTeBettcKo, MapallIKH Tp1>cTeHHK,
nneeeHcKo, PHw, IlpecnascKo, Bpecoao, AilTOCKo.
Oceett eeHeua w.e HMa H aow.eHa ceew., KOHTO nenHT Ha arHe-ro
Ha .necH H.H por.
B c. Mapa~KH Tp1>cTeHHK 3aneneaT ow.e Kp'bCT OT sow.eHa csew.,
1{ TO Ha qenOTo Ha arHeTO.
608 J1. H M H T 'b P M .4 P H H O B

B c. Eb30Beu, JloMCKO (npeceJJeHH H3 BJJawKo 6b.Tiraptt) , c eeHe-

ua YBHBaT H csew,Ta, TaKa IUOT0, KaTo cJio>Kat · Betteua Ha nia'sara Ha
arHeTo, eJJ.Ha 11acT OT caew.Ta CTbp4H ttarope H TaH YacT ce 3anaJrn, ra
ropH, ,lJ.0JJ.eTo ce ,,tJeTe'~ Ha arHeTo.
0. C B e IU a B a H e Ha a r H e T o. ArHeTO e ,U0P.eceH0 OT K0-
rnapaTa . Tiotte>Ke no KO>KaTa MY HM.a TpbHe HJlll .npyrH HelJHCH{ Helli.a.
a H BbJIHaTa MY e C)J.HnJieHa, TO M0MHTe H 6yJIKHTe me ce.rn1aT II UJ.e ro
H3ttHCTHT, Ka To BtJewaT c )I.'hpBeH rpe6eH H BbJIHaTa MY, Ta .a.a crntte
KpacHB0 H fH3JJ.aBo. CeTHe ry>K,naT Ha WlHITa MY Betteua, _a Ha r .ilaBaTa
0TIJieTaT B poroaen~ B0IUeHaTa cBew.. Cera TO e _yKpaceH0, H3KHTeHo II
roTOB0 )I.a 6n.n.e 33KJiaHO K3TO >KepTBa. O6aqe TO He M0>Ke ,!{a 60,lle 3a-
K."'IaH0, JJ.0JJ.eTo ce He OCBeni, He 0tJere, He K0MKa.
Ocaew.em-1.ero Ha araeTo e craBaJio HHKora 6e3 y 4acn1e10 Ha
caew.emlK, KoraT0 csew.eHHU.H ca 6HJIH MHOfO pHJJ.K0, Ha H.HK0JIK0 ce.na
e)I.HH CBew.eHHK,Ta Hee M0>KaJI )ta noceTH BCHKO ceJio H .na OlJeTe .>KMBO-
TO artte. OcaemettHeTo ce H3B'hprnBaJio OT crapeu.a B 3a,npyrara . Toaa
OCBemettHe no MOeTO MHeHHe e OCT3T'hK OT .npeBHO e3W-leCKO speMe.
To - 0CBelll,eHHeT0 - ce C'bCT0H B npeKa)l,BaHeTO Ha arttero, KaKTO ce
K3JJ.H BCeKH npHH0C 6ory.
ArHeTo, KaKT0 e HaKHTeHO, OlJHCTeHO H B4eCaHO, ce npHHaC.SIJI0
npH crapeu.a. CrapeU.'hT caM 6eJio6pa,u, o6JietJeH tJHCTo, w.e noeMe p'b-
JKeHa HJIH naJieJKHHKa, Ha K0.HTO HMa OfbH H TeM.HH, w.e CBaJIH Kana.
me ce o6bpHe KbM H3TOK H CJie)l K3TO ce npeKpbCTH TPH 0'.l>TH, me npe-
K3)1.H artteTo ,no TPH IlbTH . Karo CB'hpnrn ryw npeKa,nsatte, arttero seqe
e OCBeTeHO, BetJe e npHr0)lHO 3a )KepTBa.
TipH artteTo e HMaJI0 HaCOJIHHKHJIH meAR.p COJI; K0raTO 6e..1o6pa-
,lJ,1:fHT crapeu. _K a)lH arHeTO, TOH Ka)I.H B TOBa C'hlll.0 ape.Me H COJITa. Karo
ce npeKa,lJ,H artteTo, cTapeU.bT 3HMa OT coJITa H ,11,asa tta artteTo .na Jill3He.
C TOBa artteT0 e KOMKaHO .
.ll.HecKa arttero ce ocBern.aBa OT nona, Karo qere tta,11, Hero M0JIHT-
Ba. Dotte>Ke CBemeHHK'hT He MO>Ke )I.a X0JJ.H BbB BCHKa K'blll,a H .na ~ere
Ha BCHK0 arHe, TO 3a yJieCHCHHe ueroB0 BCHlJKHTe arHeTa ce H0CHT
Ha U.bpKBaTa H TaM0 IlOII'bT tJeTe M0JIHTBa Ha H.HKOJIK0 artteTa 3ae.ntto.
C Toaa O\J.HTBaHe arHeTo e oceeTeHo it M0>Ke }la ce KOJIH.
H.HK'h)le, B H.SIK0H ceJia, )leTo IIOII'hT HMa roJBIMa ettopHH - H51-
K0JIK0 ceJia H He MO:>Ke .n.a 0TH)I.e BbB BC.HK·o ceJio, B'bBe,neH e Jlpyr o6H-
qafi. O1.J.HTBaHeTO MOJIHTBaTa HaJJ. an1eTo e H30CTaBeH0, a OCTaHaJI caM0
06H1.J.a.HT K0MKBaHeTo CbC C0JI. TaH COJI o6aqe ce 0\IHTBa HJIH "OTCTOSIBa".
KaKT0 K33B~T ceJI.HHHTe, OT cBemeHHKa. BceKH w.e 0THece npH cBellle-
HHKa MaJIK0 C0JI, CKbJil.(aHa HJIH Ha 6yu.a, H TOH 1.J.eTe Ha)J. TaH C0JI M0-
JIHTBaTa, KO.HTO ce HaMHpa B Tpe6HHKa no.zi. Ha3B8HHe ,,MOJIHTB3 Ha)l
COJiilO". TaH oqeTeHa HJIH ,,OTCTO.HJia" COJI BCeKH 3aHaCH y )l0Ma CH H C
He.ff C0JI.HT 6pamHOTO 3a o6pe,ll.HHTe XJIS160Be, 3aKbpMBaT at'HeT0, KoeT0
w.e ce K0JIH, a 0CTaHaJI0T0 ce CKbTBa 33 JieK.
3 a K 0 JI B a H e a r H e T o: ArHeTo, KaKTO HHKOra, T'bH H
cera, ce K0JIH OT CTapeu.a B 3a.zi.pyraTa. Kbw_a, B KOHTO HM8 crapeu
P E JI H I' H 0 . 3 H H O E H 'I A H 609
.na 38KOJIH arHeTo, CtJ.HTaJia ce 3a qecTHTa, T. e. 6oraTa c yl\rna qe.1u1)l.
Ha TaKaBa K'b~ ce co11eno c np'bcT H K83BaJ10:,, ·B Ta.H Kelli.a 6eJJo6paP.
CTapeu. K8,ll.H H KOJIH artteTq." ToBa yBa>KeHHe K'bM TijKaBa K'blll.8 H 38-
.npyra H .n.ttecKa ce naaH. To.H cTapeu a TOH .n.eH e )K p e u 1, T tta
npa3HHKa .
ArHeTO ce 3aKOJIBa C TO.H o6pe.n..,
CTapeu.oT e ronornas H H3npaaeH K'bM H3TOK. Dpe.zt Hero e cno-
>KeHa co¢paTa, Ha KOSITO HM8 COJI, TPH\JKH H TpeBHUa - Tpmiua, .CHM-
BOJI Ha o6w.o w.acnie B K'hW.aTa. CoJIT8 03H8tiaBa cnop, CHTOCT, Il'bJIHO'""
Ta; TPHllKHTe - nno.n.opo.n.He, a TpeBHUaTa - )ta HM8 H306HJIHa nall18
38 OBU.HTe, ~ ow.e 03HatiaBa 3)1.paae, Mna.n.ocT, TIO)l.HOBeH. )KHBOT. ·
CTapeU.'bT .n.aaa Ha arHeTO .zta JIH3He OT COJITa, .zta JIH3He OT TpHtI-
KHTe H .n.a xanHe OT TpeBHUaTa. Toaa MY ce .n.aaa a Kpueati.Ka (mena)-
HJIH B naxaptie ( ell8aH.Ka) . Cera e roTOBO 38 >KepTBOTI pHHOllJeHHe.
CTapeuoT, KaTo ce npe~p'bCTH TPH TI'bTH, 3HMa artteTo Me)K.ztY
KpaKaTa CH H C Hero npHCT'bil.H: TPH KpatJKH - .38 .n.a B'bpBH B K'bW.aTa
Ha JI.o6po, Ha Hanpe.n.. B c. Bo3oaeu: JloMcKo (npeceJieHH 61,nrapH
H3 PyM'bHH.H)' CTa peU'bT w.e o6HKOJIH C arHeTO CHHH.HTa AO TPH TI'bTK
H KaTO )1.0H)l.e Ha TI'bpBOTO CH MHCTO, cnHpa ce, H3BHBa MYTJiaBaTa if
Typra HO)Ka Ha lllHSITa MY, 33KOJIBa ro.
H aBCSI K'b)l.e KOJISIT arueTf> H3B'bH Kpaii K'bW.8Ta )tO CTeHaTa; H.H ~
K'b)l.e o6atJe, KaKT·o cpew.Hax B ceJiaTa IloJJ;aec, Aii:TOCKO, H U.eposa Ko .
pHH, TopHOBCKO, arHeTO KOJISIT B'bTpe B K1>W.H, H TO Kpaii OfHHUJ,eTo··.
KpoBTa Ha arHeTo Hrpae Mttoro aaJKHa pon» B Hapo.n.HoTo BHP·
BaHe. Ta.ff Kp'bB e . OCBeTeHa, 38TOBa TH ce npH6Hpa B oco6eH C'b)t. H-
CK'bTB3T H nocJie 38 npea ro)l.HH8Ta H3C'bXHaJia; TH CJIY)KH 33 JieK.
B cenaTa PH1:f.I, BaiipaM.nepe H .np.,· IlpecJiaBcKo, KoraTo cTape-
ll'bT 3aKOJIH arHeTo, w.e ro o6'bpHe TaKa, Ill.OTO Kp'bBTa, KOSITO 6JIHKa
CHJIHQ, .na 6He B CTeHaTa Ha K'bW.aT8 H rJie)l.aT 6pa3,ltHTe, KOHTO w.e no-
TeKaT, KaKBH ca: .ne6eJIH JIH ca, HJJH ThHKH. AKO ca .n.e6eJIH 6p83)1.HTe,
Te Ka3,BaT, qe B K'bJ..U.3Ta w.e HMa IlJIO)l.Opo.n.He, me 6'b)l.e TI'bJIHO H8BCH- .
K'b.,zte; T'bHKHTe 6pa3)lH IlOK83B8T' qe me 61,.ne OCK'b)l.HO B'bB BCHqKo.
HSIK'b)le, KaKTO B c. Cyxo.n.on, Coq>HHCKO, BCH'IKHTe arHeTa HOCHT
B U'bpKBaTa H TaMO rH KOJHIT; TYK B U'bpKOBHHH )lBOp HMa TI0-)1.'bJI60Kl
Tpan H B Hero J'OJISIM fJIHHeH C'b)l, KIOTI, H BCeKH KOJIH arHeTo CH H3)1.
TOH KIOil, Ta Kp'bBTa )la Telle B Hero. HHKora-, KoraTo ca KJJ8JIH ceJICKK-
6HK Ha flpeceema (He)leJIH 38f0Be3HH 38 IleTpOB)l.eH HJIH He,!leJIH.
Bcex CB.RTHX) KaTO ceJICKH Kyp6aH,Kp'bBTa ca C'b6Hp3JJH B C'blll.HSI KIOn.
Co6paHaTa Kp'bB OT arHeTaTa HJJH .OT 6HKa ce 3axnynsa 3,llpaeo
)la He BJJH3a B'b3.llYX HJIH .ll'h}K)l H qe na3H OT e.nHa 6a6HqKa . Ta.H. Kp'ha:
s .KJOna cJiy}KH npea JJ.RTOTO 3a MeTeoponprH11ecxa CTaHUHH Ha cenOTo
cpemy rpa,llywKa. KaTo ce 3a.zta.ne o6JJax; 6a6aTa ~e OTH)le, w.e OTBOpH
33XJiynaKa H w.e BH)l.H: aKO Kp'bBTa e IlOtJHaJJa )la BpH,TOBa e 3H8K, qe
o6JiaK'bT H)le c rpa.n; aKo JIH He BPH..- o6naK'bT e .Zl'h}K)loBeH. T» aaKna-
na naK ycTaTa Ha KIOna. B cJiy'IaH qe Kp'bBTa BpH, TS( Be)lHaTa C'ho6-
1U,8B8 Ha ceJUIHHTe. 3a )la ce npon'b,ltH OOJl8K'bT C rpa.aywKaTa, IlO'IBa,:

39
610 !!HMHT "bP MAPHH OB

,l{a 6HHT CHJlHO B qepKOBHOTO KJ1ena.10, a ce.'IHHHTe rryKaT C nyUJKH

K'bM o6naKa. AKo o6naK1>T HOCH rpa.11.ywKa, TOH ce pa3T)'PH H npeea-
.1urna nnamrnu H ropH H rpa,llywK ara ce pa3MHHaea.
B .I{pyrnTe cena Kp1>BTa ce c0611pa B Cl>.ll H c HeH 6e.ne>£<aT ,'lel.(aTa
no 1.Je.r10To; HHK1>.lle, KaKBOTO B Uepoaa Kop1rn, T1>pH0BcKo, c raR
Kpl>B t1 paBHT KpbCT Ha tJeJIOTO, Ha HOCa, Ha 6pa,ilaTa H Ha 6y3 IITe.
C Taff KpbB M8.>K8T H ropHHH npar Ha K'blllHHTe (cTapnre) spara.
KonKOTO ocTatte, OTHHca ce, race xsopra B peKara, 3a JI.a HAe npe3
JIHTOTO .lll>.>K,l\.
B c. CeMHClle H ApyrH cena B XacKOBCKO TaH KpbB 3aKonear e
3eMHTa KaTo .>KepTBa Ha 3eMnT3 I Ta .na noJiyllH CHJia )I.a )l.aBa nJIOJJ.O-
pOAHe.
noBetJeTo MeCTa Taff KpbB H3ClmBaT B rpa)I.HHaT a, B JieXHTe,
B
KOHTO ca noceTH C useTe, HJIH Ha Tpett.nacp Hna; BHpB3HeT O HapO,llHO
YTB'bp.>KAaea, qe TpeHA8q>HJibT H ueeTHTa me UbCpTHT xy6aBH UBeTR H
MHpH3JIHBH. (B c. fi1,3oeeu, JloMcKo, c . llhnrKa, c. KJrncypa H JJ.p.)
B c. lliHnKa, e TerrcHHTa, ,lleto C'b6Hpar Kpo~Ta, ry.>KJJ.aT ner-
mecT CTp'bKa KonpHBa, Ta Kp'bBTa rnypTH B'bpxy HeH. TaH KonpHB3 ce
CK'bTBa H ynoTpe6mrna ce 3a UHp. KoraTo ce po.nH JJ.eTe He'tucmo, T. e.
JIOKpHTO C Il'bTIKH, KOHTO TYK HOCHT HMe 3QHU'I.KU, K'bilHT TYH AeTe
B1>B BoJJ.a, e KOHTO e HaToneHa Ta.ff KonpHea . Ba6a LloHa Y3yH-HHKO-
·Jioea H 6a6a U.atta IleHbOBH Ua TB'bp)lHT, lie AeTeTo ce OllHCTB3JIO.
B c. I.J.epoea KOpHH, 3KO arHeTO e qepHO, CK'bTBaT Kp'bBTa,3a-
1UOTO e JieKOBJ.ITa; Kora TO HSIKOMY H3JIH3aT no JIHUeTo n'hnKH, K8TO H3-
M3.>K3T JIHUeTO C T8H Kp'bB, Il'bllKHTe · H3'4e3BaJ IH.
LleuaTa Ma.>KaT no tteJioTo JJ.a ca 3JJ.pasH, .na rH He JIOBHT Aowu
01tu, .11.a rH He Tpece; Ma.>KaT ropHHH npar Ha K'hlUHHTe (crapHre) epa-
Ta, 3aIUOTO TH J133eJia Aa He BJIH3aT B KbIUH 6oJieCTH, MarHH, Hanpa-
TeHO H ,n:pyrH JIOlllH H3BeTH.
· KaTO o.n.epaT KO.>KaTa H pa3nopHT KopeMa Aa OtIHCTHT B'bTpew-
HOCTTa, r Jie)l.aT Aa He na)ltte Hern.o Ha 3eMHT3, Ta nceTaTa ,l\3 JIH>K3T HJIH
H)l.aT. Het1HOTOTHHTe ce 3apaBHT B 3eMHTa HJIH ce XB'bpraT B peKa , a
qepeaTa H IllKeM6eTO OllHCTB3T H OT THX Ba pslT qop6a HJIH rH TYPHT B
opo6e1-temo: JIYK 3eJieH, qepea, .11.po6, 6ynryp HJIH opH3.
B c. lliHnKa pa3pH383T Copu.eTo H rJie,!laT Il'bJIHO JIH e CKp'bB, HJIH
e np33HO. AKO e Il'bJIHO C Kp'bB, TOBa IlOKa3Ba, qe B K'blll8Ta 1.1.1.e 60,lle
Il'bJIHO, w.e HMa cnop H 6epeKeT BbB BCH'-IKO; npa3HO JIH e, 1.1.1.e HMa oc-
K'bAHOCT .
n onara
. ArHeTo, O'lHCTeHO , H3MHTO, HacoJieHO H H3Il'bJIHeH O, ce
e ~encHH H ce net1e. To ce neqe s new.. BcHKa K1>1Ua HMa nem n TaH
nern. OTAaBHa eeqe e HanaJieHa H roroea H arHeTo ce xe1,pra e tteH H
3anyrnea c1>c 3axJJynaKa, Ta Aa ce H3neqe 3aAyrneHo.
B HHKOH cena, MaKap qe BCSIKa K'bIU3 HMa CBOSI new., a3 cpe1.1.1.HaX
ycTpoeHH CaMo 3 a TOH )leH H 33 TOH CJiyqai{ epeMeHHH nemH . THH net.UH
ca ,QynKH,HSB'bpTeHH e 6peroee. Cn6paJJH ceBCHtJKH OTe,l\Ha Maxana HJIH
HSIKOJIKO POAHHHCKH K'bW.H s e)\HO n 6HJIO e ceJJOTO BoTpe HJIH B'bH KpaA
P E JT H r H O,3 H H O B H l/ A H 611
ceJI0T0. J,leTo HMa 6pHr. H. TaMo H3B'bpTeJIH BCH.Ka rpyna 3a ce6e CH
nem.. 8 K0SIT0 M0raT )].a ce C'b6epaT neT-rnecT HllH H3H-MHOf0 ~eceT
TenCHH C an-1eTa. THH nemu ca HanaJieHH H B THX neKaT reprb0BCKHTe
arHeTa . THH nem1-1 ce npaBHT e.ntto, qe B TSJX arHeTaTa ce H3nHttaT
MHoro xy6aeo H cTaeaT MHoro BKYCHH - 3a..'{ymem-1, a noaetteTo 3a ae-
ceJI6a. H TOH M0THB e HaH-CHJIHHHT. TyK ca H8C5I)l3,JIH M'b)KeTe,KOHT0
neKaT arHeTaTa,H 38KycaaT 3eJieH JIYK C oueT Hirn.HT paKHH, a M.118,ltHTe
He)laneqe OT THX HrpaSIT, ne.HT, CBHpSIT, a Ha .npyro MHCT0 H8)1.XB'bpraT
K8MbHH. TyK ca H IT0-CTapHTe :>KeHH, a · TIO-MJl8)lHTe ca B _K'bW.H, )leT0
npHrOT0BJISIBaT o6peJlHHTe XJIH6oee, T. e. neKaT fH H .npyru HY>KHH
Hew.a 33 06S1Jl.. O6H)l'bT TOH )l.eH CTaBa He no-paHO OT nJia}lHe, na H
TIO-KbCHO.
ArHeTaTa ca onetieHH, ycTHeTo Ha new.Ta e oTeopeHo, HO arHeTaTa
ce He Ba)lHT' 3a .na 6'b)l8T T0UJIH, Jl.O)leTo .llOH,ne .BpeMe )J.a ce cs:1.na Ha
Tpane3aTa.
0 6 lll.. a T p a n e 3 a. Toea CTaBa C3MO Be)lH'b:>K B f0)1.l·I H8Ta.
11Ma H .npyrH c.11yt1aH, K0f8T0 ca KJiaJIH HSIKora ceJICKHSI 6HK, H Ha
KoKorna UbpKBa, KoraTO ce C'b6Hpa.11H BCH1.JKH ceJIHHH, HO e THH cny-
ll3H ce C'b6HpaJIH H Jl.HecKa ce C'b6HpaT C8M0 M'b:>Ke H :>KeHH, no-cTapH,
a }leua, MOMH, MOMUH, 6yJIKH, MJia}lH JlIO)J.e He ca HMaJIH HHKaK'bB
npHcnn. A TyKa, Ha TaH o6w.a Tpane3a npucocTeyeaT acHqKn: H cTapH,
H MJla)J.H, H Mb:>KKO, u )KeHC~0. feprbOBCKaTa o6ma Tpane3a HJIH o6w.o
qepKyeaHe HM8 rOJISIM0, He C8M0 peJIHrH03H0, HO ow.e H 6HTOBO 3Ha-
t1em-1e. Toaa 3Haqem-1e M0>Ke .na 003Hae C3M0 0H3H, KOHTO e npHC'bCTBy-
B3Jl Ha Taff Tpane3a H e npocJle.l{HJI 0HOBa HCT0pHtJ.eCK0 BJIH.HHHe,K0eT0
e ynpa)KHRBaJI TOH 6HTOBH o6Ht1aft: Bopxy H8ll1HH HapoJl. Tas:1 o6rn.a
Tpane3a, )l.eTO .nyrnHTe Ha BCHtJKH ceJIHHH ce CJIHBaT B e;r.Ha .nyrua, AeTO
BCHllKH, CKapaHH }l0ToraBa, TpH6Ba HenpeMeHH0 ;r.a ce Il0MHpSIT,
BCHllKH ;r.a CH onpOCTHT H BCHtJKH cnopoee, 6HJIO C rpa:>K}l8HCKH HJIH
yrnaaeH xapaKTep, .na 60.naT H3rna.neHH - no M0eTo MHeHHe e 6HJTa
OH8.H MOilI.Ha MOpanHa CHJla B OHHSI Te:>KKH apeMeHa,KOffTO e CITJIOTSIB3Jia
BCHtJ.KH s e)lH0, B}l'bXBaJia e Kypa>K u 6o}lpOCT, ,L(aBaJia e ·Ha.l{e>K,u.a H
vnoeaHHe.
. Toea ce IlOTB'bp>K.z:taBa OT cpaKTa, tJ.e Ha THH 001..U.H Tparre3H ca
npHC'bCTayaaJIH H HalllHTe HapO.llHH xaH.ll.YTH H orryK ca H3JIH3aJIH
H3llJHTe 6opuH no nJiaHHHHTe. 3aI.U.OTO Hep.H)lK0, K3KT0 HH pa3KasBaT
H8p0}lHHTe neCHH H npe)l.aHJrn, TYK Ha THSI 06I.U.H Tpane3H ca .l{0XO>K,ll3JIH
TypUH .u.a po6SIT MOMH H 6yJIKH, cpeI.U.y K0HT0 TYPUH ca H3JIH3aJIH xpa6-
pH H CMeJIH MOMUH H ca rH y6H.B 8JIH, a cne.n. T0Ba 386.HrBaJIH no nna-
HHHHTe H CTaBaJIH HapO.ZJ.HH X3HJl.YTH.
TyK Ha T8H TpaneJa 0CBeH tJ.HCT0 qepKoBeH, pe.11HfH03eH o6H~
qaif H o6pe.n ce H3BopurnaT H 6HTOBH 06u11au H oope.u.H; eTo 38I.U.0 TYK
npHC'bCTByBaT BCHtJKH.
11
CTOSIH', KaKT0 HH pa3K33Ba neceHTa, M0.>Ke .n.a ce H3BHHH, K0-
raT0 e 38KJiaJI e,ZJ.HHtJ.KOT0 CH .u.eTe H ro oneK'bJl C8M0 J(a M0>Ke H TOH c
612 JJ.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

BHpHaTa _CH H MHJia .>KeHa .zta npHc'bcTsyaa iia TaH o6ma Tpaneaa, JJ,a
6'b.zte 3ae)1HO C BCH'IKHTe ceJISIHH, )J.a BKYCH OT o6w.aTa Hacna)J.a.
Cera o6m.aTa Tpaneaa e no11Hana JJ.a ce H3ocTaBH, a .zteTo .R HMa,
B'bpµ.tH ce B _q epKBaTa; B qepKOBHH.SI JI.Bop. HHKOra ooaqe TH ce B'bpWH-
JJa B H.RKCe CKpHTO MHCTO 6JIH30 .no .ceJIOTO, .LleTO e HMaJJO qepKOBHll(e
HJIH MaHaCTHpHifJ.e - 06H11aii, KOUTO HSIK'bJJ.e H JJ.O JJ.HeCKa e 3ana3eH,
MaKap qe B ceJioTo HMa 11epKsa. TaK'bB OOH'laii cpew.Hax B c. TOJJ.hoe-
UH, EJieHCKO, JleTO ceJI.SIHHTe TOSI )J.eH H3JlH3aT Ha e.ztHO MSICTO He.ZiaJieqe
oT ceJioTo, Hapet1eHo Kp1>cTa, JJ.eTo cnopeJJ. npeJJ.aHHeTo e HMaJio HHKora
qepKBa .
. ArHeTaTa ca onetieHH H rOTOBH. 1.JaKa ce caMO qepKOBHOTO KJie-
na.Jio JI.a H3BecTH, qe e aeqe . B peMe JJ.a ce HJJ.e Ha o6w.mo qepKyBaHe.
J1 KJienaJIOTO BetJe KaHH ceJIHHHTe; H UHJIOTO ceJIO ce H3IIO'l'O'lBa qoeeK
no tJOBeK K'bM U'bp~BaTa. .
HHKOra U'bpKBaTa e 6HJia BCHKora Ha HaH-BHCOKO'l'O MHCTO HJIH
acpeJJ. ceJIOTO, HJIH 6JIH30 JJ.O Hero. TaKHBa U'bpKBH ce cpew.aT H JJ.HecKa.
BopXoT' )J.eTO e UopKBaTa, 6HJI o6pacHaJI B l"bCTa ropa, KOHTO e 38-
KpHJI.RJia uopKBaTa )J.a ce He BH.>K.D.a, 3am.0To e 6HJia eo6a psrna HJIH
3anaJIHHa OT TypUHTe.
BcSIKa )J.OM3KHHKa HOCH TOp6a HOBa, rnapeHa (a HSIKoJJ.e Top6ara
e u,eauAHUK.), a KOSITO ca o6peJJ.HH~T XJISI6 - . KOJiaKoT, H 61,K.'IHUaTa c
BHHO. CTOil8HHHoT HJIH .npyr Il0-MJ18.Ll HOCH u,eau1zomo C'I,C CHpeHeTo~
.n.pyr IloK HOCH arHeTO s TeIICHHTa, YBHTa a '-IHCT rnapeH Mecan. 11 no-
cn.e.n,BaHH OT CHHOBe, .n,1,w.epH, MOMH H MOMUH, 6yJIKH H .n.eua npHCTl,Il-
BaT no-61, p3H'IKO K'bM qepKBaTa.
AKO e JJ.1,.>K)l.OBHO BpeMeTO, TpaneaaTa CTaBa B npHTBopa, 38 KOSITO
ueJI TOH e aapOtIHO Corpa)J.eH Il0-JJ.1,Jl1,f H llIHpoK; 8KO JIH e cyxo H
xy6aso speMe, Tpane3aTa cTaaa HaBoHKa B JJ.Bopa noJ( .n,1>pae-raTa.
BCSIK~ ceMeHCTBO HJIH 3aJJ.pyra CJiara Ha pe,na, KaKTO e npHCTHr-
HaJJo: XJIH6a, arHeTo, 6'bKJIHUaTa c BHHOTO H CHpeHeTo.MHoro PHJlKO
HSIKOH HOCHT H n,uHmu (nAOCKU) C paKHH. TyK KOAUBO, KY'Ul (>KHTO,
nwe..Hu~) JIRncsa. AKo e.n.HH peA He CTHrHe, To Hape.>1<..na ce Tpane3aTa
Ha JI.Ba, na H Ha TPH peJJ.a, e)1.HH JJ.O JJ.pyr.
KoraTO BCHtIKH ca npHCTHrHaJIH H BCHtIKO e Hape,lleHO, non'bT
· BJIH3a a t1epKBaTa H cJieJJ. MaJIKo H3JIH3a_o6netieH a csemeHHt1ecKa o)le>K-
.Ll~ c KaJJ.HJIHHUa B poue H npeKa)J.BaHeTo not1Hyaa. HaA-Hanpe.ll TOH
npeKa,llaa UHJiaTa Tpaneaa, KaTo nee Tponapa H KOHJJ.aKa Ha ce. feop-
rH. KaTo CB'bpIIIH npeK8J{BaHeTo, caew.eHHK'bT OtIHTBa MOJIHTBaTa, ycra-
HOBeHa_3a CJiyti_
a H, H H8t1HHSI pSISaHeTo Ha XJISI6oBeTe H arHeTo. TpS16Ba
JI.a 3HaeM, qe cnopeJJ. asipaaHeTo HapOJJ.Ho npHHoweHHeTo toraaace
CIIHTa H8Il'bJIHO OCBeTeHo, aKo IlOiloT nocne MOJIHTBaTa H Ka]leHeTO
pe.>Ke XJI.H6a H icyp6aHa. AKO He pe.>Ke XJIH6a H Kyp6aHa, npHHOWe-
HHSITa . He ca H8Il'bJIHO · OCBeTeHH . H

H B MORTa 06HKOJIXa B 1904 r. B c • .MaxaJiaTa MH pasKasaxa sa TaUII

c.ny.' IKa., non'bT. 6~n MJiaA,
. a H K)ileT'bT .~aA; . . C'blllO. KoraTo upa6JIH-
. C'bBeTHB~HTe
.,
PEJ1HrH0 3HH OEJ1 t/AH 613
Ilon'bT H311HHSI OT HaH-ropHOTO MHCTO H B1>pBH K1,M KpaH . Toii
pe>Ke KonaKa H 3HMa nopH3aHHU.a; Ha arHeTe pe.>Ke H 3HMa npe,llHaTa
)J.HCHa nne111Ka, KJIIO"la {KpaKa), C KOHTO e 38KJIIOl.leH KbpeM1>T Ha arHe-
70, J:tOJIHaTa qacT OT rnaeaTa C e3HKa, T. e. ,ll.BeTe qeJIIOCTH, H·,l(Ba KpaKa.
KaKTO cnoMeHax, TYH non-bT 3HMa o6e3aTenHo, 3am0To; aKo
He 3eMe nopst3aHHU3 HOT arHeTo, XJIH6'bT H arHeTo He ca OCBeTeHH. HH-
Ko.z:te non1>T 3HMa ow.e H qeTHpH pe6pa H c mena w.e rpe6He oT .ztpo6e-
11eTo. Cne.n TOBa me pa3pe.>Ke H npHCHOTO CHpeHe H 3HM3 OT Hero e.ztHa
4>HJIHff .
. nopH33HHUHT e ry.>K,na B 11yaan, MeCOTO B qHCT C3H)ll>K HJIH KOW,
.n.po6eueTo B lllHliHK, a CHpeHeT0 B Kaqe. 3a T3H uen XO)lHT CJie,ll Hero
..KnncapHT H HeroBH ,ll0MalllHH: 6paT, 6aw.a HJIH CHHOBe.
KaTO o6HKOJIH Tpane3aTa H pe:>Ke BCH'IKHTe npHHeCeHH XJIHOOBe
H arHeTa, :>KepTBHTe ca 0CBeTeHH H TpH6Ba ,na ce H,lle. O6a11e ow.e HH-
KOH He CH)la, 33W.0T0 H)l.e Hape,ll. ,npyr 6HTO~ o6pe,ll., KOHTO o6eaaTeJI-
H0 TpH6Ba .zta ce H3B'bplllH TOH )l.eH npH TOSI CJiy'laH .
. TOH o6pe.z:t e CB'bp38H. C'bC CB3T6aTa HCC HapHqa C 'b 6 JI H q -a H e
·H 3 a 6 p a :>K )I. a H e 6 y JI K .a T a .
.Mna)I.HTe -6yJIKH, K0HTO ca BeffqaHH -TaH f0,D.Htta npe3 3HMaTa, .llO
TOH .neH, KoraT0 w.e H3Jie3HaT Ha C'b6op HJIH Ha rocTe, HJIH_Ha so.na,
@6e3aTeJIHO w.e 6'bJJ.3T B HeBeCTHHCKaTa CH npeMHHa: . Ha rJiaBaTa CH
me HMaT A7'6a; KopnaTa, T. e HeaecTHHCKOTO yKpaweHHe, H me 60,naT
-06neqeuH B'bB Bpoxtta ,llpexa.
TyK Ha TaSI Tpaneaa Te npH:C'bCTByBaT B C'bW.aTa HeBeCTHHCKa npe-
MHHa. KaTO CB'bplllH Il0ffbT npeKa)I.BatteTO, BCHIIKH ow.e CTOSIT npaBH.
KpoCTHHUHTe HJIH )l.eaepHTe, aceKH me ce npH6JIH:>KH npH CBOHTa Ky-
MHUa 6ynKa; TH w.e ce Haee,ne H w.e MY uenysa poKa, a TOH me certte
H me H C'b6Jieqe Bp1>XH8T3 ,npexa (eAyX'l£mO, K01-tmotua, cJa1ey6emo).
Cne)l. Toea me cerHe H w.e ii ceaJIH J106a H me H 3a6pa,ll.H, KaKTO ce
.aa6pa>K,naT CeJIHHKHTe .>KeHH. Co6yBaT if aeaqaJIHHTe o6yw.a, c K0HTO
.n.ocera o6e3aTenHo e xo,nHna, u if )l.aBaT HffK'b)l.e U'hPBYJIH, a HHK'b,lle
ApyrH o6HKHOBeHH o6yma. CTaBa }KeHa, KaKTO BCHIIKH, H MO:>Ke aeqe
.ll.3 ce o6Jiuqa, KaKT0 BCHqKHTe :>KeHH.
Toea K·aTo ce csopWH, Hite TpeTH o6HqaH, T0.>Ke o6e3aTeneH 3a
TOH ,!leH.
BcuqKHTe MJia)l0:>KeHUH C 6yJ1KHTe ca 3aCTaHaJIH 33.l( CTapHTe.
Cera BCeKH 11te ce H388JIH, w.e 3eMe MaJIKO npHCHO cupeHe H w.e XBop-
JIH .n.a y.napH MJia,zto:>KeHUHTe; TYH CHpeHe 3HMaT )J.euaTa H ro .SI)J.aT.

)KHJI feprhOBAeH, KMeToT noenKaJI ceew.ennKa H MY Ka3aJI, 11e w.e MY 6n.zr.e nosao-
.11eHo Aa .,'le-re" Tpane3aTa, 8KO He 3HM8 KO>KHTe H He pe>Ke nopH3aHHUH; HHa11e
MJra.zte>KHTe My He no3B01UIB8T A8 qeTe . Caew.eHHK'bT ce C'brJiaCHJI. I<oraTo Ha fep-
rhOB,AeH OTlfeJI TpanesaTa, TOA CH Tl)'bfH8JI: CTapnTe cemrnn H >Kenn, Y.D.HBeHH OT
!oaa, My Ka3ann: .,.UHAO none, saw.o ne pe>Kew XJI~6oaei-e?" KaTO HM o6HCHH.n,
.e TOBa HCKaT MJiaAHTe H KMeT'bT, CTapunTe H >KeHHTe B'h3MyTeHH SaHBHJIH Ha
.IOle-ra H Ha CHHOBeTe CH, qe 're HSIY8 ,.D.8 BJCYCHT OT Kyp6,3HHTe H ~e CR OTHAtt
3Ko nqn'bT rH He pe>Ke H ne 3eMe :BoeTo. MnaAKTe, 3acpaMeHH, M'bJ1t1anR · -a non1,;
Jt3B'bpUIRn cTapHH OOH'lai. '
614 JlHMJfT1,P MAPHHos

ToH.06H113H ce B'bpWH, 33 .ll3 ~b)J.aT MJia)J.O)KeHUHTe, T. e. HeBHCTa-

Ta H MOM'bK'bT' ,,CJl3)1.KH" KaTO npHCHO CHpette, JJ.a HMaT o6Hq e.nHH K"bM
.llpyr. a om.e H HeBHCTaTa JJ.3 6b)J.e nJIO,llOBHTa H POJJ.OBHTa - .zr.a pa)l(Aa
MHoro .u.eua: npaBH ce TOH o6Hll3H om.e H 33 OBUHTe, .na 6b)J.3T npea
JIHTOTO· MJie'IHH.
Karo ce ce1>pum H TOH o6Hll3H, ecHqKH cH,nar H romae1<ara ce
H3qHHH.
BcHKa cronaHK~ m.e pa3qynH x.1H6a, Koftro ryK rpH6ea .11.a ce H3Jl-
.lle UH.II; OT arHeTo pa3qyrrea nOJIOBHHaTa, a .zr.pyrara OOJIOBHH3 HJIH
llaCT OT HeH CK'hTBa, eJJ.Ha '13CT 3~ 0B'13pS1, a .u.pyra '13CT 33 .itpyrHJI
JJ.eH PaHonoAufl, Koraro 06e3areJ1HO TpH6ea .lla ce xantte naK or arHero.
BcffKa CTOU3HKa m.e HMa rpH)K3Ta JJ.3 Cb6Hpa BCH'IKHTe KOKanqera
or arttero, ,u.a He 6H .zr.a ce pa3nHJiee HHKoe; THH KOKaJillera noc,,e 3a-
paBHT B MpaeyHHK, Ta OBUHTe ,l(a ce IlJIO.l(HT KaTO MpaBKHTe.
E.l(Ha KOCT'IHUa OT CBHpKaTa OCT3BHT 33 npe3 rO.llHHara. TaR
KOCT Bpb383T rrpH npocq>opHHKa If C HeH rnapsn o6pe,llHHTe XJHIOOBe.
TaH KOCT ynorpe6JIHBaT om.e H 3a UHp. AKo HHKoe ,u.ere 3a6onee or
rbpJIO, TaH KOCT HarpHBaT Ha OrbHH H nap HT 6oJIHOTO MHCTO.BHpBaHeTO
Hapo,U.HO TB'hp.LlH, qe rbpJIOTO MHH383JIO.
CKbTBaT om.e H nJiernKaTa, rrpe,llnOl{THTeJIHO )J.SICHaTa~ aKo OOffh'r
He H e 3eJI, Ta rJie,JJ.aT B HeH. AKO T3MO Ha rpane3aTa HHMa Z.'leiJt1Aet4
HJIH a1taAel{, KOHTO ,JJ.a rJie,u.a H pa3ra,Zlae KaKBO m.e 60.ne B K'h~ara,
cronaHKaTa SI CK'hTBa H flOCH B .l(OMa, Ta IlOCJle BHKaT 3HaJieua, KOHTO
no HeH w.e ra,Zlae 3a w.acrHeTo Ha K'hI.U.aTa.
Karo ce H3:H.l(3T H H3IlHHT, CTapHTe me ce OTTerJIHT DOA CJIHKa
H w.e npOJl'b.r:DKaBaT J(a IlHHT H J(a ce pa3rosapHT 33 pa3HH npHKJlloqeHHJI
HJIH 3-8 ceJICKH pa6oTH, a MJI3)l.l-1Te H3CTpaHa me CBHpHT, neSfT H m.e
HrpaHT xopo; Il0·MJI3.IJ.HTe Mb)Ke IlbK me ce H3.IlXB'bpraT C K3M'hl\H.
TiecHHTe ca xopoeo.nHH H o6pe,U.HH; THX neHT MOMH necHOOOHKH
H no MeJIO.U.HHTa -Hrpae xopoTo.
0 6 p e .Il H n p H OB I.I.HT e. CyrpHHaTa MHOro paHO m.e ce
OTHece Ha KornapaTa OBtiapcKHSIT XJIH6, 33 KOHTO ce fOBOpH no-rope;
T3MO me OTH,ne H 6yJI,KaTa, H MOMaTa, aKO HMa 8 K'bmH. E.nHo MOMHqe
me 3eMe XJIH6a H c Hero me o6HKOJIH rpH n'hTH KornapaTa, 1 . e. o6opa.
B KOHTO ca 33TBOpeHH OBUHTe, H rpeTHH Il'hT me ce cnpe npH cnprara.
. TyK _oe11apHT w.e H3Kona rpan, s KOHTO ce noMecrea ee.n.poro; e
TOH Tpaii ce ryJK.IJ.a HHUe 33nbpT'hK H ce 3apaBH. Be.n.poro e Ol<HTeHOC
BeHeu, .yBHT OT BCHK8KBO ueere, Me)K.ny KOeTO w.e HMa H reprbOBKa;
B'bB seµ,po~o w.e 6'b,U.3T H rpRBHHTe Ha 6yJU<aTa, a OTrope Ha BeApOTO
HMa 6np,ll0. II.J.e BJie3He MOMaTa C XJIH6a B o6opa npH OBUHTe H me ro
TbpKyJIHe Ha Kp'bCT npe3 OBUHTe; TIOCJie 3HMa X.'1H6a H H3HHC8 ro Ha·
B'bH. Cera OBllapHT OTBapH CTbpraTa H KOHTO oeua H3Jie3He IlbpBa, ry-
pH Ha porara ff seueu, npHroteeH om.e OT no-patto, H H H3M'b.'l3Ba. lb-
M'bJI3Ba SI npe3 npbcTeHa Ha 6yJJKaTa. HeHHOTO arHe, aKO Hee JKeHCKO-
xeaw.aT H Hero m.e KOJIHT 3a xyp6au; aKo JIH e )Ke~cxo, me fJI_e.IJ.aT CJle.z\.
p6JTHI'H03HH OEHI/Ald 615
HOT0 H ,o.pyrHTe noc.'le Hero. TibpBOTO Mb)KK0 arHe me 6bJ).e 06pe11eHaTa
*epT~a.
noJ).eTO M0M8Ta 06HKaJIH o6opa C XJIH6a H JJ.0J).eT0 f0 TbpKa~'IH
npe3 0BUHTe, JJ.pyrHTe neHT cJie,o.HaTa necett :
TpbrHaJI MH e )lBeTeH fbopn, }la JIM npaTHlll ropa C JIHCTe.
CyTpHH paHo Ha feprbOBJJ.eH, 3apaasa ce u.seTeH fboprH.
T.a 0THJJ.e B JJ.0JIHa 3et:1.rrn Ta CH 6pnKHa B 3JJaTHH na3BH,
.na OOHJJ.H CHB0 CT8Jl0. Ta H3Ba,llH KHTKa KJIJ0lJH,
Ha TibT cpew.Ha CBeT 11BaHa, Ta 0TKJIIO'lH He6o. 3eMJUI,
nporosapH cseT\1 HeaH : Ta HM npaTH JeMJIH c Tpeea
- Oii Te re6e, useTeH fhoprH! H HM npaTH ropa c JIHCTe.
Ko.ne c'6ora n'bT nnTyeaw? 3apa)lsaxa ce 0B'lapuTe,
OTroeapB ueeren fhopru : QsqapuTe, rnun.urapu.
- TibT"IlbTYB3M B .ll0JIHa 3\!MJIH TipOBHKHa ce 51H KexaH:
.lla o6HJJ.H CHB0 cTa.o.o, •- Ott BH Ba3e. TpHcTa .llYillH,
Cueo c~ano cbc oa11apH: IlIHJIHrapH H 0B11apn:
3.llpaeo ~H ca H33HMeJIH, l fa6epeTe TpHCTa 0BHH,
1

)l(ueo JIH ca H3HrHHJIH . BaKJIOIIJ3TH , KbBpowaTH,

0rroeapH CBeTH 11BaH:
- Ou re te6e, u.aeTeH fbO(>rH!
Cera OTTaM 83 CH HJ.la:
3.llpaeo 6Hxa H33HMeJI H,
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Or oa11apH MHoro 3n.paBe:
.lla HM npaTHlll 3eMJIH C TpeBa,
na rH KOJIHM reprbOBJ.U.HH3.
UeeTeH rboprH 0Tf0BapH:
- He me' fboprH TpHCTa 0BHH.
Hono inue e.llH0 .s1rtte,
CyTpHH paH0 Ha reprbOBJ).eH,
C 11HcTo cnpue · no.l(apetto •
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Tast necett ce neena HJIKora; JlHecKa ce nee KaTo KoJieAapcKa.
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CT3)l.OTO.
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M3MHHUH, .na He MoraT )l.3 o6HpaT MJIHKOTO. '
Cpemy reprbOBJ].eH He }t8.B3T HHKOMY HHTO MJIHKO, HHTO M3CJIO,
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HJIH TibK CH MHHT caMo Jl~UeTo C BO)l.a HJIH C poca OT TpeBaTa.
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06Ht1ai1Ho npaso He MY no3B0JIHBa )I.a r.H C'b.lJ.H: TYH )I.eHHHe e HeHaKa-
3yeMo. Tion'hT, KaTO 3Hae 33 TOH 06Ht1af1, rJie)I.a )I.a CH na3H KO.>KHTe.
B THH cena comecTsys a ome e)I.HH o6HtiaH, KOHTO He cpem.Hax HH·
K'h,lle. Tost o6Htiaii ce HapH'la yepam eoiJa. .
Co6HpaT ce M0MH H M0MUH, OTHBaT Ha peKaTa, ,neTo HMa ~'bp3eH
1{ ,lleTO BO)I.aTa Telle 6op30 H c~ 3aB"bpTBa, Ta npaBH ,Kpor. TyK nyc-
KaT 33JI'bK XJIH6 H rJie,llaT )I.aJIH TOH 3aJI'bK m.e TIOJle'rH Hanpaso, HJIH IUe
ce 3asopTH nopso H nocne noJieTH c 6op3eSI. AKo noneTH Hanpaso; 6e3
:a.a ce 33B'bpTBa, TYH noKa3BaJI0 .no6po; 3aB'bpTH JIH ce, IlOK33Ba JI0W0.
OT Tai B0)I.a, )l.eT0 ca nycKaJIH 33JI'bKa , H3JIHBa BCeKH B HSIKOH
C'b.ll 11 OTHHCa B )I.0Ma CH . Ha Bp'bIIJ.3He OT peKaTa K'bM ceJI010 BCeKH 6e-
pe H3 Il'bTH BCSIKaKBH TpeBH H UBeTH, KaKBHTO cpemHe. TaSI B0)I.a C Ha-
6paHHTe TpeBH 0CTaBHT TI0)I. TpeH,ll.aqm na .na Hom.ysa H Ha caMHH .neH
MHOro paHO TY pHT B'bB B0)I.aTa Il'bpB0TO BeJIHK,ll.eHCK0 qepBeH0 flHUe H
ce H3MHBaT. Tyii ce npasH sa s.npane, .na 60.ll.aT npes ro,ll.HHaTa s.npaBH,
6eJIH H qepBeHH.
B c. KJIHcypa (npH KonpHBW.H Ua) Ha TOH .nea ce ~hTHTC TpeeaTa
.6yttUMUUl, sa .na ,,6yqHL4 MJISIK0T0 H3 CHCHTe Ha 0BUHTe. T. e . .11.a HMa
'MH0ro MJIRK0. .
BoB Benec ome OT seqepia MOMHTe H MJia)I.HTe .>KeHH H3JIHBa.T CT0M-
HHl{KI{ (6op)I.H'IHH H) C B0,ll.a H rH 0CT3BHT )I.a H0I.UyBaT B'bH IlO)l. 6HJI H
-qepBeH TpeH,ll.aq>HJI . CyTpHHTa Ha reprbOB,ll.e H BCHKa MOMa H .>KeHa B3e-
Ma CB0eT0 6ap)I.e· H C B0,ll.aTa CH MHe JlfiUeTO. Tyii ce npaBH, 3a .l\3 60)1.aT
3,llpaBH npe3 f0.llHHaTa H .na ca 6eJIH H qepBeHH Ha JIHUe. (ToH -06Hll8H
e .nocyru no,ll.o6eH Ha o6H'laH yapaT so.na a CoqmikKo .)
MoMHTe H M0MUHTe X0,ll.HT )l.a 6epaT KJI0HOBe OT 3eJieHH B'bp6H H
--rpeBHTe naBum H 11enaeet{, B1>p6HTe 3aKa'IBaT H KHTHT C THX nopTHTe
H K'b[UHHTe spaTa, a C TpeBHTe ce KHTHT M0MHTe H M0MUHTe, .na ce JJe-
aSIT npH THX - npH M0MHTe .11.a ce JieTIHT M0MU.H, a npH MOMU.HTe- M0MH,
T. e . .zta ce o.>KeHHT .
HHKOH ' TOSI .nett 6epaT 0lUe U.BeTHTa ozoibca H BpamuKa H rH 3a-
OOlK,LtaT Ha Il0HCa HJIH ·Ha rJiaBaTa, 33 )I.a ce r0HT H .ne6eneHT.
MoMHTe npas.HT JtIOJIKH Ha cyposo .ll.'hpBo.
pEJIHI'H03HH OE H 'IA H 621
TOH .11.eH ce TerJIHT, 38 .11.a BH.11.H BCeKH K0JIKO e HaTerHaJI OT-MH-
Ha.TiaTa f0)I.HHa.
B Pynt1ocKo npe3 TOH ..11.eH :>KeHHTe c'b6HpaT BCHKaKBH 6HJIKH, Ta
fH cyrnaT u CK'bTBaT. THH 6HJI.K H, Ha6paHH Ha feprbOB)l.eH, ynoTpe-
6;rneaT 38 UHp: JieKyBaT OT rnaso6oJIHe, \<'bpMSIT .11.06HT'hKa OT BC.SI-
KaKBH 6oJieCTH.
B HHKOH ceJia a IlJIOB).].HBCKO cpeIII.y reprbOB)I.eH XO.II.HT 6po.11.HHUH,
Ta o6HpaT HHBHTe. no .11.pyrHTe KpaHIII.a TOBa o6HpaHe CTaBa cpemy
EHbOBJI.eH, a TYK - Ha feprbOBJI.eH. B1>B B, ,,BaJIKaHcKa 3opa",
6p. ·715, 'ro.11.. III OT 3cenT. 1892 r . HMa aHTpeq>HJie no.11. 3arnaaHe ,,C-b11.e-
6eH KYPH03u, B KOHTO ce pa3npaBH TaKaBa cJiy11Ka:
,,B c . ByKopoao no.11.apH't xaaHaJI HHKOH CH JKeHa CJiaBa UotteBa,
qe Ha 23- anpHJI cyTpHHT8 (To~a III.e e 6HJIO M}!0f0 paHO npe.11. 30pH -
6eJI. MOH) XO)I.HJia H3 HHBHTe H o6HpaJia TIJI0)I.0BHTOCTTa (6epeKeTa).
O6W.HHCKH51T C'bBeT B H3B1>Hpe)I.H0TO CH sace.11.aHHe OT C'bI.IJ.3T8 ,naTa (T. e.
Ha 23 anpHJI 1892 r.) pernHJI:• .11.a H 33TBOpHT B YllHJIHIII.eT0, 38 .11.a H
rne.11.aT co6paBllIHTe ce M'b:>Ke, :>KeHH H .11.eua .H .11.a 3HMaT npHMep ,ia ce
ynJiallJaT, Ta .11.a He xo,nHT .11.a BoplliaT no.11.06HH Hema."
Tona TIOK33B8, qe 6po,nHHUHTe X0.11.HT H .11.HeCKa .

B) pa HO TIO ~'I H H, 24: anpHJI

4epKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. M'blleHHK CaBa CTpaTHJiaT, po.II.OM f0TH-
HHH, 6HJI B0HHHK B pHMCKaTa apMH.ff.; KaT0 TIOBflpBaJI B XpHCTa, 6HJI
M1>11eH MHoro H Haii-riocJI•e xa~pJieH B peKaTa, .11.eTo npe,naJI 6ory JJ.YX
a 270 r . B1>B apeMe Ha HMnepaTopa ABpeJIIUIHa. .
Hapo,n.eH npa3HHK: PaHonoAUJl (3ana,nHa 60Jirap1u1); X panu-
noA.e (c. Me.11.aeH, KoTJieHcKo); lloAe-paHu (c. A6JiaHHUa, TeTeBeHcKo) ;.
PaH.u-noAe H Hanyc (IlaHar10pHme); Paanyc (c. BpecoBo, Ai'i.TocKo).
Ka3Ba ce- paanyc HJIH Hanyc, 3alll.oTo TOH ,neH BcH11KHTe cJ1yrn
ce ocso60:>K.11.asaT oT rocno.ZI.apHTe CH H ca cao6o,n.HH .n.a npoMeHHBaT·
rocno.11.a p HTe CH.
PaHOnOJIHH Hap0.11.H0T0 BHpBaHe npenopotJBa KaT0 cecTpa Ha uae-
TeH fboprH H TOH )J.eH ce npa3HyBa B HeiiHa qecT, 38III.0T0 TH ro TI0J].- _
.CeTHna .11.a HanycHe xop0TO, )J.eT0 OT HrpaHe 6HJI ce 3a6paBHJI, H 0TH-
lll'bn .11.a o6H)I.H C'bH0pHTe, HHBHTe H JIHB3JJ.HTe H .11.a BH.11.H )J.3JIH ca HHK-
Ha.nH. ToH 0THlll'bJI H JI.0KapaJI )J.'b.>Kp., Ta nopocHJI BCH1IKO.
. ToH )leH He pa60THT HHIII.0: HH >KeHHT~ B K'blll.H, HH M'b:>KeTe B
IlOJleTO.
MOMHTe H M0MUHTe TOH .11.eH H3JIH3aT B noneTo .11.a 6epaT KU-
Ct/Ul.K.
B c. JlHTaKoao, OpxaHHHCK0, npa3HyBaT ome H OT rpaAymKa,
naK B qecT Ha PaHOilOJIRHTa JJ.8 38Il83H HHBHTe.
B c. Bpecoao, Aft:TocKo, TOH .nett He sp1>I1I.aT HHIII.0, Koe-ro ca
3eJIH a 3aeM. .
8 c. JiecH)J.peH, TeTeBeHCKO, npa3HyBaT OT raprHTe, KOHTO SIJ].aT
H H3KOp.e HHBaT uapeBHUaTa.
B T0Ba ce.no e 3anaseH ow.e cTapHHCKHHT 06H11aii, in,o-ro M0MHTe
 622 JJ.HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

H MOMUHTe JI.a H3JIH3aT TOSI ,I:teH H3 IlOJieTo H HHBHTe H neHT necHH. 0r

HHK0r-arnH1ne necHH AHecKa e 3ana3eHa caMO e)lHa, KOSITO MH H3DH
H npoJI.HKTyea 6a6a Pa.na KoJiboea. TaH neceil ce nee Ha e.ztaa HrpHea
MeJI0)(HH' K0HT0 B C'hlll.0T0 apeMe e H xopoB0Z(Ha; K0faTo H neHT, MOMHTe
H M0MLU1Te HrpaHT. ETo H neceHTa.

Opana e M1-v1KaHa, MHJIKaHa 0TH.lle,

M11n KaHa, MHJI Ka Ha, 6" 3aKJiaJia MHJIKaHa
Ha ,[(eH ·Ha reprbOBJI.eH' CB~Kop H caeK1>paa .
Ha PattonOJIHH. B1>pHa ce MHJIKaHa,
}13opa MHJTKaHa, HMaHe npoJI.yMa :
Koma c1>c HMirne. - HnH cH, MH11KaHo.
HMaHe He .l(yMa, 3aKOJIH, MHJIKaHO,
MHJTKaHH npo.llyMa: Mo)KKOTO CH .lleTe.
- 51 HJI.H, M11JIKatto. OTHUJJia MHJIKaHa~
11.n.if CH y B,be, 3aKJiaJia MHJIKaHa
3aKOJIH, MHJIKaHo, M'h>KKOTo ·CH .neTe.
CBeK1>p tt cBeK1>paa, B1>pHa11a ce MHJIKaHa,
Ta Toraaa JI.OHJI.H, Ta HMaHe B3ena.
Ta CH MeHe B3eMH .
Cps. TYK TaJiac'bM, cTp. 318-319

B c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKo, TOH .zteH npa3HyBaT OT .rpa.llyWKa H

OT CHJIHa B0.lla (KoJIH6HTe e pa3IlOJI0.>KeH0 cpe)l. peKaTa, K0HT0 reqe npe3
ceJI0T0 n B'hB apeMe Ha CHJleH )l.'b)K)l. ,l{0XO)K,l(a BHe3ailH0 H npaBH onyc-
Tornemrn: . ToH )l.eH npa3HyBaT AB 61>.l(aT 3arra3eHH qoseuHTe, KoraTo
)(OH)l.e B0JI.a'i'a CHJI Ha.)
B c . Me.n.aeH, KoTJieHcKo, TOH )leH M0MHtieTa ce o6JIH\laT B cTa-
pH )Ke HCKH .n.pexH, KOHT0 ca HOCeHH HHKora, rrpeJI.H CTO fOJll-iHH, H3JIH-
3aT Hacpe.n. ceno, H!'paHT xopo H neHT. M ·oM\leTaTa TI'bK ce 0611uqaT. B
.>KeHCKH JI.pexH, HO K0HT0 ce H0CHT )l.HecKa. HaJIOBeHH Ha xopo, MOMHTe
rreHT H HrpaHT.
TTeceHTa, K0HTo neHT, MH H3IIH H rrpoJI.HKTysa 6a6a BoiiKa IleH-
11eaa BacHaTapKaTa .
ETo TaH rreceH:

TToKapa PaJI.a, PaJI.o JI b0, PaJI.a HHKOJIY JI.yMaUie:

)lo ce.n.eMJI.eceT KepaaHa,
. )lo ceJI.eMJI.eceT H ceJI.eM .
Ome ce]leM if TpH6aano
H THX Ha rr1>T cpemHaJia ,
11 THX CH Pa.u.a HaT0BapH.
BopBeJIH, lU0 ca B'bpBeJIH,
11.o TpOHHOBO ca CTHrHaJIH.
- HHKOJIO, JIH6e HHKOJIO,
X11H6'hT HH ce rrpHBopUIHJI,
III.e HJI.a B cen o TpoHHa ,
III.e H.lla JI.a CH rronpocH .
HHKOJia Pa.u.H .u.yMawe:
- He xo.u.H, PaJI.o, H(; xoJJ.H,
TpOHHOBO, Ka3BaT, 11yMaBO,

46 .L{yMH Te ,,MHJIKaHa, MHJIKaHa" ce noeTapHT B'bB eceKH CTHX.

p £/l ff f' HO ? HH OJ;H l/A H 623
llvMaBO, ow.e OrflH'l3B0, H seKe H He · npeTpece.
Paaa H11KoJia He cnyrna. Ha3a,I\ ce Pa)la nosopHa ,
.Mit cH s TpoHHa 0THJl.e . Ta npH H.H Kon a 0TH,ll.e,
KaT0 e Tposi11a BJIH3ana, Ta 4e rfH1<ony JlyMawe:
JJ.eeeT HOCHJI a cpem.tta.'la - llle yMpa. JHt6e H.-i Ko.11a!
KneTa ff riiana 3a6oirn. Tosa CH e)lBaM H3..U.yMa,
JllOTa S:t TpecKa 3aTpece C MllfJia ce ;lyrna pa3,D.eJuf.
B c. Bb3oseu, JloMcKo (npece.neHH 6MrapK H3 PyMoHHH), TOR
leH MOMHTe H3JIH33JIH B noneTo )I.3 6epaT KHCMHK H neeJIH CJie)lHaTa
neceH:
OrKa ce e 30pa 3a30pHna, IlpH rnasa MH 6aiipHK 3a6o){eTe.
OrTorifea soi1cKa 3asops.s1na: IlpH KpaKa MH qe11JMa Hanp·aseTe,
Kott .l(0 K0HH, tiaJlop .ll.O tia.l\'hpa, Ha copue MH useTe Haca:U.eTe ;
Haii-HanpeJl e ·PaMo 6apHKTapHH . CTap. .ll.3 MHHe, B0)la )la CH IIHHe,
TiylllKa TI)'KHa H3 ropa 3eJH!H3, Mna,l{ ita MHHe, useTe )la 0TKHHe;
Ta y,napµ PaMo6apHKTapHH. 3a 6aflpHKa K0HH npHBbp)KeTe,
PaMO BHKHa, H rOBOpH:
BHKHa KoH l(a ueHJIH, 6apHK )I.a ce see,
- K0J:1.e na.n.Ha, TaM Me aaKonaHTe; JI:aHO qye MOHTa CTapa M3HKa.
uryrnatta OT 6a6a KaM~Ha TTeTposa Haii.a.eHoea

l.f.BemeH, CnacoocKu HJIH KocmaiJuHOBCKu Mece4.

Maii

a) E p e M H H, 1 MaH
llepKoseH npa3HHK: Ca. npopoK EpeMHH, KOHTO
e nponoBHJlBaJI Ha espewre ,l{0X0)K,l{aHeTo ita XpHcTa B'hB speMe Ha
BaBHJI0HCK0T0 po6cTBO . · )KHBHJI e npe.l{H XpHCTa 612 ro.zp-1HH.
HapoJleH npa3HHK: EpeM.uR; EpMuR; HpuMa (c. KnHcypa);
EpMa (c. Bpecoao, AiiTocKo, H c. Kapa6yttap, BypracKo) ; EpMi,,
(c. Ts'bpJlHUa); JfpuMuniJeH (c. CeMHcqe, XacKoBcKo) ; EpeMuR u
3"6MCKu iJeH. (c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKo.)
ToH )leH ce npa3Hyaa B qecT Ha 3MHHTe H rymepine .
3a BHpBaHeT0 Hap0.l(H0 0TH0CHTeJIH0 3MIUITa I'!'. rymepa 33 f0B0pHX
no-rope B 0T.l{eJia Ha Hap0JlH3Ta BHpa ( CTp. 165-169) . OT 3MHHTa HM a
B Hapo)la e):\HH CTpax, C'bW.eCTByBa e.l(Ha HeHaBHCT H, BH.l(H ce, TOH CTpax
e C'b3):\3JI npa3HeHCTB0T0 B qecT Ha 3MHHTa . ToH npa3HHK 33 3MHHTa e
np0JtHKTyBaH ome· H OT noaepHeT0, qe JI0W0 e 33 qeJIHJlTa, aKo ce TI0H-
BH 3MIUI B K'hlll.H.
Ilpot1ee, eitH0, ita He M0)Ke 3MlfHTa ){a yxane qoseKa, a, .Apyro,
.1(3 Ce He .HBHBa B K'blll.3Ta, ce npa3HyBa TOSI )leH.
I·fae'bplllBaT ce ){Ba 06pe1t.HH o6HqaH : Tibp{lHSIT e TI'b.l(eHeTo Ha
3MHHTe, a JlpyrHSIT e ra3eHe qHpenHH .
TT 'b Jl e H e TO H a 3 M H H Te CTaea He Ha C3MHH )leH, a cpew.y
624 /1HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

Hero H·· ce H3Bbpll1B8 ,nocyrn. TbH H no TaKbB HallHH, KaKTO ce OITHca

H cpem.y EJiaroBeu. .
)KeHa HJIH MOMH'le m.e B3e.Me MallIHTe H pb)KeHa -¥1 )lBaTa o6eKTa,
C KOHTO ce 6opaBH B Of'bHH, H KaTO .llPbHKa C THX , 06HKa.r1SI UeJJHS{
)lBOp OKOJIOBp'bCT, BJIH3a B "3HMHHKa, B KornapaTa, na H B K"hlUaTa ; Tyii
Jl.PbHKaHe ce npH.llpy~aBa MHOrorJiaCHO CbC CJie)lHHTe 3 a K Jl H-
H a H- H SI H JI H 3 a p 11 lJ a H H H '.

DHraHTe, 3bMe H rym.epe, BHraHTe, 3bMH H ryr.uepH,

t.Ie e aapaH EpeMHSI, t.Ie BH rOHH E peMHH!
me BH Bpb3Ba C peMHUH, ·
me BH CTHra C peMHUH.

c. JlHT3KOBO, OpxaHHHCKO C. MapaWKH Tp'bCTeHHK, IT,1 ~B~HCKC>

EpeMHH B'K'hlUH, oHraiiTe, 3MHH H rym.epH,

31>MH no none-ro. Kn.Ile lll.e EpeMHH!
c. TypcKH Tp'bcTeHHK, HHKono.11cKo

KaTo cs1>pillH o6HKOJIKaTa, JKeHaTa, KOHTO ,u,p1>HKa c MawaTa a

KalfilR.ma (p1>JKeHa), me rH x~1>pJIH npe3 nopTHTe HaB1>H, a nocJJe m.e rH
npH6epe (C6HY, XI, 84, Be~11ec).

BeraH, 6eraii f'bJlYPHHO (raJJ.)! 6HraHTe, 3MHH ryrnqepHUH !

ETo TH 51 EpeMifH,
Ke TH MOTaT 'lep eBaTa,
Co :>KeJJe3HO MOTOHJIO.
C6HY, XVI-XVII~ 32, OxpH;:t
5I H apaMHHTa 3a,u, apaTaTa,
Kha BH a ceqe rJiaBaTa,
Kha BH a
q>1>pJIH y 6apaTa .
C6HY, XI, 85, Bo.zteHcKo

BHraiire, 3'hMH H rym.epH, EpeM.HSI y Ce.TIO,

t.Ie 3apaH e EpeMiud 3MHH y noJie.
e. . Jlon11H, TeTesencKo c. BbJI'le,ApbMa, Jlo-t,( CKO

EpeMHH y ceno, CMoK, 3MHH y none,

3MHH y Mope. EpeMHH y ceno.
c. E11na CJiaTHHa c. CTaKbOBUH, Eenorpa,A\fHWKo

BHraitTe, 3MHH, rymepH,

Ile H.i{aT TaTapH
.lla BH MepSIT C KaHTapHI
c . ManopaT, OpRxoscKo

To~ o6peit.eH ·06H'laH H J.tHecKa C'hW.eCTByBa HaBCHK'hJl.e.

·,npynu1T 06Ht1aii r a 3 e H e q H p e n H H Te e u11n o6peJl.
1./upenHR. HJIH noiJHUt{a e IlOK'bW.HHHa fJIHHeH C'bJl.. KOHTO ce npaBH
 p£,RHfH 03HH OEHI.JA H 625
or rmrna, HapetieHa B 3ana)ltta 6bJirap11H 2 p'bH'iapcKa np'bcm . B
• trnpenHHTa ce neqe XJIH6: X.TJH6bT ce CJiara B Hana.TJettaTa tJHpenHH
H 3aKnana ce 0Trope C 8p'blUHUK, TO}Ke rJIHHeH o6eKT.
BoB BHpBaHe~o · BH)lHXMe (cTp . 192) , qe tJHpenHHTa nrpae
aa>KH3 poJIH B HHK0H o6HtJ8H H BHpBaHJHI. TaH oco6Ha CHJia, K0HTO ce
npHnHCBa Ha TOH )lOMarneH ype)l, np0H3THlia OT o6pe.u.a, C KOHTO ce·
TOH npHraTBH . ToH o6pe)leH o6HtJaH )lHecKa ce cpew.a MHoro HapH)lKO,
HO HSIKora npe)lH 50-100 f0)lHHH TOH e CbUJ.eCTByBaJI He 6HJI H3B'bp-
UJB3H HaBpe)l. yfaqe3saHe To Ha o6pe)la ce )l'bJI}KH Ha o6cTOHTe_ JICTBOTO,
qe)J.HecKa Belle MHOfO pH)lK0 ce ynoTpe6JJH Ba llHpenHH s HHKOH Kpamu.a,.
a ome H OT T0Ba, qe rpbHttapHT e IT0tJHaxa )la npaBHT H tJHpenHH.
O6pe)J.'bT ce H3Bbprusa . no CJJe)lHHH HatJHH.
Om.e cyTpHHTa, MH0fO paHo Y, 30pH, M0MHTe, npH)lpy.me HH OT
M0MUHTe, me B3eMaT K0TJIH H K06HJIHU.H H .npyrH Cb)lOBe - llJHHHUH,. .
KOlllHHUH - H me OTH)l3T, .neT0 HM a xyMa H.,1H r JIHHa, HapetJeHa rpbH-
11apcKa npoCT, H KaTO H3TI'bJIHHT Cb)lOBeTe CH C TaH r JlJ,fHa, m.e S1 .l{0He-
caT' B ceJJ0T0 H me H CHTIHT Ha e.n.Ho MHCT0.
HHKOra, KoraTO ca XO)lHJIH 33 fJIHHa, )lO)leT0 ca OTHB3JIH H KO-:-
naHJIH rnuiiaTa, MOMHTe ca neeJIH necHH. 6a6a ITeHa Xp~cToBa OT c.
CTy6eJI, KyTJIOBCKO, MH H3nH H npo)lHKTya a .n.o.TIHaTa neceH ome B-
1884 r.

lJ.aJIH r1>pMH HJIM 3eMJIH TbHTH? ne e, 6yJJqe, BOHHO TH HHKOJia?'

HHTH r'hpMH. HHTH 3eMJIH TbHTif, Monq1-1 6yJiqe, AYMa He npo.llyMsa ;
CKapanH ce HHKO H HHKOJIO TiporosapH 6paT HnKo.110B HHKo:
3apa.n. e.n.na KaMeHKa JJ.esoif Ka. - HHKO H)le C'bC CBaTOBe no Ha3e.
HHKO BHKa: - MoH e )lesoiiKa: Tiporosaps:1 H1-1KoJ10Ba MaHKa:
SI HHKOJIO: - MoH e .n.esoiiKa . - CJie3HH, 6y.,111e, csaToBe me·
CKapanu ce, JIIOTO ca ce c6HJIH. ,llOH)laT ..
6HJIH ca ce TPH JlHH H TPH HOIII.H, OTroaapS! KaMeHKa ,l{eBOHKa:
la CH HaJIBH HHKO Ha Hv.KoJia - A3 He CJIH3aM, HHKOJIOBa .
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40
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.Ma w.e 61>,ne c6opHOTO MHCTO, Ta TaMO ,na OTH,llaT ,lla noqHCTHT.
TiocJie o6H,lla HeCTHHap'Jue CH OTHBaT, H3npareHH OT rJJaBHHH•
HeCTHHap no C'bJ.D.HH H3llHH .
. · Ha ·21 MaH BCHtJKHre· HeCTHHapH ca C'b6paHH npH rJiaBHHH llecTH-
Hap, OTHBaT B qepKBa, npHC'bCTByBaT Ha ca. cJiy)K6a, a nocJJe ornyc~
ScHqKH ce yn'hTBaT C JIHTHH K'hM orpe,neHOTO MHCTO npH a~3MaTa 3a·
ryJIHH. Hafl-MJia,llHHT · ttecrHHap HOCH · HKOHaTa Ha CB. KottcTaHTHH·, ·
OKHqeHa C eetteu., ~ ,llpyr OT HeCTHHapHTe me HOCH H e CT H H ~ p C K H Jr
T 'b TI a 'H, KOHTO 'npe3 11.HJiaTa rO,llHHa e .l{'bp)KaH B qepKBaTa )1.0 HKOHa-
Ta Ha CB. KottcTaHTHH. ToH ttecTHHapcKH T'bnaH e cTap; TOH ce npe.n.aea
OT n9Ko.11eHHe Ha noKoJieHHe H ce HapHtia . ceemwtm m'bnaH.. TyK c
tjona ee,lltto· Haqe.110 ila npou.ecHHTa B'hpBH H r.11aBHHHT Hecnrnap. ·
. KaTO CTHfHaT Ha OTpe,lleHOTO MHCTO, TaM eeqe HMa 3aKJlaHH 08-
HH, IIIHJJeTa, ~a IlOH.HKOra H BOJIOBe CfOTBeHH. Csem.eHHK'bT me CBeTH·
B01{3 H m.e nop'bCH BCHtJKHTe, a CJI_e,ll TYH m.e ce H,lle, nHe, CBHpH , Hr-·
pae - o6HKHOBeHa U.'h.pKOBHa H MHpCKa sece.116a, CMeceHH eAH3 C .n.pyra.
Tosa ce K83Ba K y p 6 a H 3 a C e JI OT o, 3a C'bHOpa Ha HHKOJJKOTO'
ce.11a, _C'bCe,llHH e,llHH . ,llO Jl.pyrH.
TTQcJie Tosa ce Tp1>rea K'h.M ce.110To. KaTo CTHrHaT s ceno ace
no C'hJ.D.HH pe,n, cnHpaT Ha Mer,llaHa, ,llero our.e OT no-paHo ca ir.oKapaHH
H Ha~pynaHH 40-50 KOJia ,ll.'hpBa H ,lleTo OHHSI ,ll'hpBa ca H3KJia.n.eHH Ha
rOJUIM Or'hH. THH ,ll'bpBa B TOBa BpeMe ca CTaHaJIH seqe Ha HCHH Bb-
rJIHID.a, 33J.D.OTO HapOtIHO OTpe,lleHH xopa C ,D.'hJifH np'hTOBe nocTOHHH(}
pa3paBHT Of'bHSI, 33 ,lla ropH. .
TyK OKOJIO Of'hHH ce npaBH xopo H HrpaHT B_C HlIKH. Hart-noc.iie-
33CBHpBa ce H e CT H H a p C K a T a C B H p H H. TipH TaH MeJJO-
.I{HH ~opOTO ce . npeK'bCBa, 3aW.OTO, KOHTO e HeCTHHap, noJiyqasa CHJl3
H B,ll'h:X.HOBeHHe; TOH ce nycKa OT xoporo H TIOtJHe ,na npaBH ,llBH)KeHHH'
Heo6HK1IOBeHH.Cera BCHqKH 6HraT OT xoporo H rJie,naT ,na 3aeMat MH-
CTO OKOJJO Of'hHH. CB,HpKaTa CBHpH H T'hilaHbT 6yxTH, H HecnrnapHTe·
0

H~pa_HT. Te ca B'h~ OT ce6e CH; H3pa)KeHHHTa Ha JIHI.J.aTa HM IlOK33B3T,

qe ca B e,nHo H3CT'bilJJeHHe. Te H3BJIH33T e,lJ.HH no e,llHH B >KHBHH )Kap
p E JI H I' H o· 3 H H · 0 6 H f/ A H 631
H nocne.H3JlH3'a T 'H ra3HT npHrOTBeH aTa KpaH Of'bHH Ka.n. Toaa CTaBa He
e)lHOBpeMeHHO, a nope)l, Koro Kora XBaHe H3CT'bTIJieHHeTo.
B OfbH.H· ~ecTHHapHT, Kora Hrpae, OTKpHBaT MY ce )lBepHTe Ha
6o)lem.eTo, H _TOH )lasa 3HaK, Ta CBHpKaTa H T'bnaH'bT M.noKBaT Ji 1_'0~
raaa TOH npe,Il.cKa3Ba KaKBo HMa )la cTasa. Tort npe.11.cKa3Ba H Ha qacT-
HH ;rnua. H Ha UHJIOTO ceJJo. .
,. C.neJI. TOBa OTHBaT B qepKBa, Ta no.11araT HKOHaTa H T'bnaHa Ha
MHCTOTO °i-lM, 3aBe>K)l8T r.naBHHH HeCTHHap B )lOMa MY H C TOBa ce CB'bp- .
uisa TOH 06peJ1: Ha APYfHH ·n Ha TpeTHH )leH - caMo ce ry.nHe •.
,,lit 33 qy)lo - CB'bpruBaT 6a6a CTOH OT C. PycoKacTp O H 6a6a
lloRa or. c_. Kapa6ytta p - npe)lcKa3a HoTo H3JJH3a BHpHo, a KpaKaTa
ila _HectHirnpHTe 3JlpaBH. 6o)Ka pa6oTa." (B UapHrpaJl e;1.11H_~ rueX
(.n.epBHllJHH) nepcHeU MH pa3Ka3a,q e TaK'bB 06w1aH HMa.no H B TiepcHH
B HHKOH Kpamu.a. JloKOJIKO e BHpHO, He 3HaH. BepOHTHOTO e, qe TYlC
HMaMe• cpema c e)lHO BHpsaHe Ha orttenoKJio ttu.1ne .. Tosa ce yTB'hp-
)1{,l{aBa H OT HeCTHHapCKHH T'bnaH, KaK'bBTO HMa H npH cnoMeHaTHTe
nepCHHCKH . orHenOK.TIO H_HHU.H.) 66

r) C ·n a COB~ e H, Cs. Cnac

ToH .JleH ce npa3Hysa KaTo roJIHM qepKoseH npa.-.
3HHK (B'b3HeceHHe focno)I.He. ] 11Ma c6opose no ce.11.aTa, a ·,H sa Mttoro
UopKBH.. e xpaMOBHHT npa3HHK.
HapO,Il.'bT He3aBHCHMO OT qepKBaTa npa3Hysa TOH )leH B qecT
Ha ce. Cnac,~aTo ro npHJlpy.>Kasa c o6pe.n.a xo)leHe Ha poceH, ~ xo)leHe
H3 noneTo aa Jl'b.>KJl (aKo He e saJu1J,o oTcKopo) n enc cnacoscKo xopo.
X o Jl e He Ha po c e H u.1111 pa,ccociin.PoceH'bTe)lHBO no.ncKo
UBeTe,.neKOBHTo (JiaT.Dicta mnus albuu L.).PacTe no JIHB:ilJlHTe,Ho BCHK'bJle
ro HSIMa; caMO B H3BeCTHH MecTa HHKHe. Toe BHCOKO OKOJIO e)I.HH aprnHH,
JJHCTaTa MY ca KO'nHeo6pa3HH', KaKTO Ha AUAR.Ka ( aKaU.HHTa); U.BeT'bT
MY e qepaeHHKas H ce BH.>K.ll.a OT)laJietJe. HMa xy6aBa MHpn3Ma.
CnopeJl HapOJlHOTO BHpBaHe poceH'bT e MHJIO u.seTe Ha pycaJIKH-
Te H Te ce KHTHT C Hero; OTTaMO e H HMeTo My: pocen. pycaAC/.e (c.
Jl~THHUa., .. JlosqaHcK o), pycanAuiitt e (c. Koesu.H, CeBJIHeBcKo),
pocnu,c (c. K.nHc;ypa).
B Cp.si.n.a npeno.nose HHH, KOHTO ce Ka3Ba PycaAcKa cpR.aa s Ha-
po)J.a, cnopeJl BH_pBaHeTo pycaJIKHTe ce CTHraT Ha noT, 3apa,Il.H Tosa H
:>KeHHTe He. npe,llaT, He T'bKaT,Me .WHHT H THM no.no6m-1 3aHHTJ,{H He nH-
naT 3a 3)1.pase. ·
Ha Cnacos.n.ett p.yca.nKHTe ca seqe JlOWJIH Ii ce CTHraT 3a csoH
npa3HHK PycaACKama HeaeAfl, Kora.To me ceHT CBOHTa poca Ha)]. HHBHT~,

H fH TYK OnHT'bT Ha 3BTOpa 33 HaytJHO T'bJJKyBaHe e AOCTa TTOB'hpXHOCTeH H Heap-

ryMeHtHP3ff,. H~CTHHapCK llTe o6H'l3H : H HrpH ca oco6eHo n'bJIHO OCBeT .rleHH OT
P. ~reJJoB~, ~r_pa no or'hH, C., 1955, 23lc., H B o6wHpHaTa CTYAHSI Ha M. ApHa-
¥.AOB, HecTHHapH ·B TpaKJist. CTYAHH • • • • ,T._), BTopo H3)J.., C., 1971, c . 15- 161:
(B>t<. nocot1eHaTa TaM JJHTepaTypa .))
 632 llHMHT'bP M A PHHO B

Ta TI0CJie lUe CH 0TH)laT. Te HJl.83T H Ha Cnacoe.ueH H3JIHeaT poca Han.

HHBIHe H ceHT6HTe .ua JI0BHT XJ1H6. OT TYH THXHO H3JIHBaHe poca 3a-
BHCH .uaJIH lUe HMa fOJIHMO n.1O.uopO,!1.He H ,1H r.1a.L{. ETO 38UJ.O H3P?.ll.HOTO
BHpBaHe 'rn no~pelUa C usrno ce):{MH'-IHO npa3HeHCTBO B THXHa _qec-r.
Ho npem;{ .ua npHCTbilHT ~bM CB0HTa MHOfO B<l>KHa H MH0f0 Tbp-
.>KeCTBeHa pa6ora, Te ce npe\.teHHT H H3KHTB3T KaTO 33 IipeACTOSH4e
npa3HeHCTB0. 11 HMa JIH n0-Tbp>KeCTBeH MOMeHTOTTOH,KOraToce po-
CH H cee 6JiarO,!I.3THOT0 ceMe Ha)J. KJiaCHJIHTe seqe H Ubq>HaJIH CTpbKOBe
.>KHTHH H HM ce .uasa n.10,.'.:l .n.a po)J.HT .H306HJIHO KOJIHqecTBO 6Jiaro-
,ll.8THH 3pbHUa?.
I.I,seTeTO, c K0eT0 ce KHTHT, e pocettbT. Te 6epaT poceHHTe l.l.9e-
TOBe npe3 H0ll.l,Ta cpelUy Cnaros.ueH B no~afrno apeMe. ETo 3arn.o JI.0 TaH
HOI..U, pa3Ka3Ba ttapo.n.Horo BHpsatte, ueeroeete Ha pocetta CTOHT, a
Ha yrpero tta Cnacoe.uett pocettbT e 6e3 ueeroee, Kp'bH.067JptueHu
(oTrope OTKbCHaTH) ca BCH'-!Klne poceHOBH UBeTOBe. OTKbCH3JIH ca rH
pycaJ1KHTe.
B . TOH ·M0MeHT, KoraTO 6epaT poceHOBHTe UBeTOBe 11 ce KHTHT,
pycaJIKHTe ca eeceJIH, pa.uocTHH, npa3ttyern.H. 3aroea Te ca H MHJIOCTH-
BH. Te H)J.aT OT)laJieqe, 3HaSIT· BCHllKH 6HJIKH H MoraT .ua JieKyeaT BCH•
KaKBH 6oJieCTH . TaH BHpa Cb3Jl.aBa o6pe.ua .ua ce xo,IJ.H Ha poceH. Xo-
)(HT Ha poceH caMO 6oJIHH, H TO TaKHBa6oJIHH, KOHT06oJie.uyeaTOT He-
3HaHHa 6oJieCT HJIH IlbK ca ce pa36oJieJIH MHHaJiaTa fOJI.HHa npe3 Py-
caJICKaTa He)leJIH. XoJI.HT c:ne.uoeaTeJIHO TaKuea, KOHT0 JIHHeHT, qep-
He.HT, OTna,naT H HHMa 33 THXHaTa 6oJieCT UHp, He noMaraT HH 6aH-
HHH, HH IlOJIHBaHHH, HH 33IlOHB8HHH.
EoJIHIUIT, aKo e Mb>K,. I.U.e xaatte qy>K.ua >Ketta 3a nocecrpHMa H
TH rn.e ro BO,ll.H; aKo JIH e >KeHa, w.e XBaHe llY>KJI. Mb>K 3a no6paTHM H
Tott u.r.e H BO.UH. Csow ttoeeK He 611aa .
OT Kbll.l,aTa Ha 60JIHHH ll.l,e ce nplff0TBHT CJie,ll.HHTe Hell.l,a: H0Ba 3e-
.1IeHa fJIHHeHa naHHU.a, HOB 3eJieH k'bp~az (CTOMaHa, 6apJI.yK). HOB nern-
KHp, xy6aea _HarnapeHa mna XJIH6, 6bKJIHU.a c BHHO, nuHma c paKHR,
ne11eHa KOKOWKa H .upyr nernKHp HJIH pH3a, HJIH 11opanH, KOHTO w.e
6b,naT OCTaBeHH Ha TTOJieTO K3TO J{ap Ha· pycaJIKHTe.
XnH6bT e mapena numa; TH ce MecH 0ll.l,e npe3 ,IJ.eHH H ce neqe c
Haif-r0JISIMO BHHMaHHe ):{a HSIMa HHKaK nperopeHo; o6HKHOBeHO ce
neqe B 1IHpenHSI no.n: Bpbll1HHK. OrpH6Ka Ha TaKaaa TIHTa He 6HBa Aa
3acertte .
IllapKHTe Ha TaH wapeHa nHTa He ca ycTaHoBeHH: Te 38BHCHT
OT yMeHHeTo H np~H3BOJieHHeTo Ha J{OMaKHHKaTa. THH rnapKH ce
OTJIH1IaBaT OT rnapKHTe Ha J{pyrHTe o6pe.l{HH XJIH6oae: re npHJIHqaT
noeeqe Ha rnapKHTe, c K0HTo ce rnapHT 602opoour-m.ume numu, T. e.
Ha Kpbu.r.ette, npH pa.>K,naHeTo. C TaKHBa rnapKH ce rnapH H nrneHHUaTa,
K0SITO ce npHHaCH KaTQ. K0JIHB0.
IIIapKHTe ce rrpaswr c uea, c Hanpycu~, c JI1>.>KHUa, c ebpretto,
c .orpH6Ka H .l(p., HO HHKaK He c TecTeBH npbt!KH, KaKTO e npH ,npy-
nne o6pe,n:HH XJI H6ose.
pEJ111rH03HH 05HC/AH
633
B c. CTy6en, KyTJIOBcKo, 6a6a Tie1-1a PHcToBa, 24 Matt 1887 r.,
MH MecH H rnapH TIHTHTe C nocoqeHHTe rnapKH B pHC. N2 390, 391, 392.
TI1naTa B pHc. N2 390 e rnapetta c noJioBHHKaTa oT ueaTa.
TIHTaTa B pHc. N!! 391 e rnapetta c HanpycuH, BaJI.H ce tecToTp .
TI1naTa B p11c . .N!! 392 e rnapeHa c JI.Be BbpTeHa, BaJI.H ce ·Tec-
aOTO .
.. Ho, Ka3a TH, a3 CbM rnapHJia TaKa, a HMa JI.pyr11, Ta r~ rnapHT .
.npyroHqe, KOH KaKBOTO HCKa."
B c. PaKOBHUa, KyncKo, 6a6a CTaHa TibpBaHoBa, 17 Matt 1889 r.,
MH MeCH nHTaTa, no~oqeHa B· pHc . .N2 393. TH e rnape1-1a c orpH6KaTa
H C TIO-TbHKa ueB .
Tipe3 1895 r . , KaTo npaBex o6HKOJIKaTa CH Ha 11 Mali, TbKMO
Ha CnacOBJI.eH, cyTpHHTa MHoro patto TpbrHax oT c.BpyceH, TeTeaeH-
eKo, H MHHax npe3 3eMJIHlll.eTo CKpHnoB 3e6. TioJIHHaTa 6erne nycTa,
caMo qe TyK-TaM ce 6eneexa nernKHpH, qopanH, pH3H H JI.p . KoraTo ce
OT6Hx OT TibTeKaTa, KOHTO BOJI.erne npe3 fbCTaTa ropa, .ua BHJI.H lll.0 e
,oaa. 3a6eJIH3aX, qe npH nernKHpa, pH3HTe HJIH qopanHTe HMarne
<:JIO>KeHa TIHTa, KOKOillKa, 6bKJIHUa c BHHO H TIHHTa c paKHH.
Pa36pax, qe TYK e ,,PoceHoBa JIHBaJI.a", Bb3TIHTa B necHHTe H KOH-
,o e CJIY.>KHJia npe3 HOW.Ta 3a Jieqe6ifo MHCTO. l1Marne TaKHBa npeJI.JIO-
..>KeHHH Ha qeTHpH MeCTa, 3Ha1IH TyK npe3 HOJ..UTa ca ce JieKyBaJIH qeTH-
pHMa OOJIHHUH, ,ll.o)l.eTo Ha6JII-OJI.aBax rnapKHTe Ha TIHTHTe, KOHTO 3a MeH
6Hxa HHTepecHH H Ba>KHH, eTO qe OTKbM ropH1IKaTa H3IlbKHaxa JI.BaM~
OB'IapH .H TH'IelllKOM Jl.OHJI.OXa JI.O TYH MHCTO H JiaKOMO I10l{Haxa JI.a Cb6H-
paT KaKTO rrernKHpHTe, pH3HTe H qopanHTe, TbH H TIHTHTe, KOKOillKI-iTe,
6oKJIHUHTe H UHHTHTe. .
,,TyKa 6Hxa HOJ..UeCKa 60JIHH OT Harne ceJio, BpyceH" - MH Ka3a
eJI.HH OT oaqapHTe. Te npH6paxa BCH'IKO H Ce)l.Haxa IlOJI. e)l.Ha JIHna H
noqHaxa JI.a HJJ.aT._TipHKaHHxa H Mette H a3 He OTKa3ax. l1cKaxa JI.a MH
Jla.itaT eJJ.HH nernKHp, HO 83 HM ro OTCTbI1HX, CaMO qe BMeCTO Hero 3eX
e,l(Ha KOKOillKa 3a H3 TibTH H e)l.Ha 6bKJIHUa C BHHO.
TIHTHTe 6Hxa qeTHpH H HMaxa rnapKHTe, KaKBHTO ca n_pe)l.CTaBe-
HH a PHC. N2 394, 395, 396 H 397.
TIHTaTa B pHc. N2 394 6ewe ttarnapetta c orpH6Ka, TOBa ca Kpbc-
TOBU.H.
TIHTaTa B pHC . .N2 395 6e rnapeHa C ueB.
TIHiaTa a pHc. · N2 396 6e rnapetta To>Ke c ues .
TIHTaTa a pHc. N2 397 e Cblll.O rnapetta c uea.
Tio-KbCHO a 1904 r. 6a6a ByTH a c .. JlonHH MH MeCH Cbl..l.J.HTe TIHTH,
1<3TO Ka3a H TH, qe aceKH MO>Ke JI.a rnapH THH TIHTH, KaKTO CH lll.e. TH
MH rnapH TIHTa C rnapKa, KaKBaTO ce BH>K)l.a B pHC . .N2 398.
B 1899 r., 27 Matt, 6a6a BbJIKaHa MH MecH nHTa c rnapKH, KaK-
BHTo ce BH>KJI.3T B pHC. N2 399. TH rnapH TIHTaTa C JI.pb>KKaTa Ha JI'h>KH-
u.aTa. TaH 6a6HtIKa YTBbpJI.H CbUJ.OTO, qe THH poceHCKU .numu ce mapr::T
pa3JHl11HO.
B 1912 r. 6flX B c . ,ll.eJIH IOcyq>KyIOCy, ,ll.06pH11Ko; TO e 11HCTO
634 llHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

6-bJirapcKo ceJio oT ioo

K1,w.n. Ba6a HeJJ.a CTaHeaa MH pa3Ka3a, qe 8
.51MaJiaKa B reprbOBHSPlaHp )1.0 KOpHSITa, HapeqeHa PoceHOea KOpHit.~a,.
HMa poceH H TaMO BCHKa ro)l.HHa XO)l.SIT 6oJIHH )].ate JieKy_BaT Ha' Cnacoe.
)l.eH. Ha Tyif MHCTO ce npoHBHJIH TPH KJia)l.eHqe-ra._o:r_ caMo ce6e cu,
KOHTO ca JieKOBHTH. CnacOB)l.eH TOKy-w.o 6eme MHHaJI H TH 6HJia .nocec-
TpHMa Ha e)l.HH 6oJIHHK OT ceJIOTO ,H. HocHJia nnTa, KOHTO TSI MH Mec1t
C mapKH, KaKBHTOCe BH:>K)l.aT B 1 pHC . .N!?397, KOHTO ca npaaeHH C uee.
Ho TH 1-rn C'bW.OTO YTB'bp)l.H, qe BCHKa MO:>Ke )].a mapu, K8KTO me.
Ba6a l{o6pa, c. Ta'hpJJ.HUa, a 1898 r. MH Mecu nnTa, nocOqen.a si
pHC . .N!? 400. TyK mapKHTe ca npaBeHH c B'bpXa Ha orpH6KaTa.
B c . MapamKH Tp'bcTeHHK, TineaeHcKo, MecSIT Tpu XJJS16a:
60Z08Ut{a, napaKAUC H · Kp'b(:maiu. BoroBRUaTa 60JIHHSIT HOCH Ha poceH,.
a )I.pyrnTe ce qynHT, KoraTO 60JIHHK'bT c;e B'bpHe OT poceH.
BeqepTa KbCHO 6oJIHHTe C'bC CBOHTe no6pa~HMH HJIH nocecTpHMa,.
HaToaapeHH Ha KOJia, TpbrBaT, 3aW.OTO, KaKTO ce K33a, poceH'bT He
pacTe H3BCSIKb,ll.e, a C8MO B HSIKOH MeCTHOCTH, ra qecTo TI'bTH OT e,nno
ceJio TpH6aa JJ.8 _ce MHHe npe3 aeMJIHW.~To Ha .n.ee, na H TPH ce.na.
Kato CTHrHaT Ha MHCTOTO He no-K'hCHO OT rOJIHMa aeqepSJ, OOJI-
HHHT w.e ce o6neqe B no-)l.e6eJilllKH JJ.pexu u I..Ue ce noKpue c 6HJio qncro
nJiaTHO (rp. TeTeBeHe H TeTeBeHCKO) H I..Ue JierHe TIO,ll e,nHH CTpbK. no
Hero no6paTHM'bT HJIH nocec-rpH~aTa m.e npocTpe nelllKHpa, me HaffbJIHH.
naauqKaTa C BO)I.a, me H TYP" IlO)I. C8MHH poceH ,no rJiaBaTa; JJ.O naHHq-
KaTa m.e CJIO:>KH H 6ap)tyK; me CJIO:>KH M8JIKO TIO-H8CTJ)3Ha nHTaTa, .no HeK
KOKOlll~8T8, 6'bKJIHil8Ta H IlHHTaTa, ·a ,ll.O naHHlIK8T8 - OTpe,lleHHJl
. ,ll.ap 38 pycaJIKHTe. KaTo CB'bplllH TOB8, me ce OTCTpaHH npu KOJ13Tct
H me CTOH 6y)I.eH, ,ll.OK8TO MHHe nOT8HHO BpeMe, ,ll.O,lJ.eTo nponeffT nopBH.
neTJIH. HacTaHaJio e noTaHHO apeMe H pycaJIKHTe aeqe H,naT; roea ce no-
3HaBa OT noAu6eaHemo (no,nyxaaHeTo) Ha THX aeTpeu, HapeqeH noAu6-
HliK, KOHTO e JJ.pyrap Ha C8MOBHJIHTe H pycaJIKHTe H KQHTO cera KaTOTe-
:xeH JJ.pyrap npe~XO:>KJI.a rH. HacT'bnaa TaHHO. CTpbKOBeTe ce JIJOJJeHT TH-.
XHlIKO; 8KO e Mece1nrna, KaKBOTO o6HKHOBeHo CTaBa cpemy CnacOB,lleH,
6y)I.HHHT .no6paTHM HJIH nocecTpHMa BH)K,lJ.aT KaK uaeToaeTe J-ia po-
cetta na,naT, K8TO qe ru HSIKOH KpbHOBpblllH (Kp'blllH) H 'CTpbKOBeTe
OCTctSIT 6ea UBHT. , •
,.BH.ZJ.HX C OllHTe CH - pa3K83Ba 6a6a 8'bJIKaHa OT c . JlHT3KOBO,
KOSITO ome KaTO MOMa e XO)I.HJia Ha poceH ~aTO nocecTpHM~ Ha e,llHH
CBOH KOMlllHSI - MOM'bK - KaK UBeT'bT Ha pocemi, no)]. KOHTO Jie}Kewe
HHKOJia, ro OTK'bCHa HSIKOH H CTpbK'bT OCTaHa 6e3 UBHT; TaKa ·ce OT-
K'bCHaXa, u .. Ha )I.pyrHTe CTp'bKOBe. u .
. · ' TaMo Ha6JIH30 B HSIKOSI OBtiapcKa Kornapa HJIH TibK CeJIO neTJJHTe
KyKypHraT H o6a:>K)I.8T, qe TIOT8HHO apeMe e MHHaJIO. Toraea no6pa-
THM'bT. HJIH nocecTpHMaTa CJiara rJiaBaTa CH H 38,ll.peMBa M8JIKO. BropH
neTJIH neHT H IlOCJie MaJIKO eTO qe Ha H3TOK ce IlOK33B8 TibpBaTa 6JJe~-
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 pEJIHI' H03HH OBHl/AH 635
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Te, KaTO yMpe.
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• CJIV.>KaT H306rn.o H 33 U.Hp .
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3eMaT OCTaBeHOTO, KaKTO H npaBHT.
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OCTaBeHO Ha TIOJieTO npH poceHa.

* * *
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TaKa:
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11Ma IlOJIHHa H CaMO TaMO pacTe TpeBaTa pocett."
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MHCTOTO."
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,na 60,ne."
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ceno .
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6e3 UBHT. BoJIHHHT, aKO e M'b:>K, TYPH naHHtIKaTa CH no.rt. Mb)KKHSI CTpbK;
aKo JIH e :>KeHa - non. :>KeHCKHH CTpbK.
B TeTeBeHe, pa3Ka3Ba 6a6a BeJIHKa notJOBHUa, 6oJIHHSIT ce Ha-
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BeHO Ha 60JIHHH OT :JICUBU U 3apaeu (T. e. pycaJIKHT~)."
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napHua H ine JierHe TIOJJ. e)J.HH CTpoK; BTOpaTa rOJJ.HHa ine OTHece ,II.Be
qaurn H .n;ee nap HUH Hine JierHe IlO.lf. JI.Ba CTpbKa; TpeTaTa fOJJ.HHa OOJIHH·
SIT ine OTHece TPH qarnH H TPH napHUH Hine JierHe, .n.eTO HMa TPH CTpbK8
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'. 3MHH CTpoK ine OKaqH napHUaTa (napHUaTa e cpe6peHa). l:Ue JierHe
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:oMyaa B nam1uaTa HJIH B qawaTa - KpaTyHKaTa, ine na,nHe HJIH JIHCTeu,
'HJIH UBeTeu, HJIH 6y6oJielJHUa .'"
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MOIU OT pycaJI KHTe e C'bI.UeCTByBaJI B Hapo.na HH OT He33IlOMHeHH ape-
MeHa . TaKa B HalllHTe .npeBHH HOMOKa HOHH cpeI.UaMe aHaTeMR OT CTpaHa
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pEJIHI 'H03HJ 1 06HI/AH 637
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Ha poceH.e1
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8 )lpeBH0 apeMe e HMaJio 06H11a11, Ta MOMHTe H M0MUHTe ca xo.n._ HJJH BbH.
OT CeJIOTO npe3 JIHBHTe H JIHBa.ll.H Te, Ta ca MOJIHJIH CE. Cnaca .na .na)l.e
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Cpe6po TTJl0'1H, 3ll8TO KJIHHUH Ta CH 6poKHa B CBHJIHH cKy1H,
H ce CT.Hr a .na o6H.ll.H. Ta H3Ba.ll.H JieBH KJII0'1H
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EceHHUH H3KJiaCH JIH. HapOCHJ ia 3eJieH CHHOp .
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a ca HrpaJIH no MeJI0.ll.HHTa Ha necHH, neHHH OT MOMH. THH neCHH ca
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p33JIH'1H O. Aa CbM 3anHCaJI HHK0JIK0 H TYK H3JiaraM .nse.
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TaMo aaBapHJIH TPH .neaoiiKH , TPH pycaJIKH . Te ca HaJieTeJIH Ha T.HX H
Te no6erH8J IH, HO HaH-MaJIKHHT 6paT y6H.r. HaH-CTapaTa C H3MaMa, a
.ztpyrnre 0TCTbTTHJIH . (BapHaH T lllanK. ,NQ 6.)
BTopaTa . ,llocyw. no.no6Ha _Ha neceHTa B C6HY, III, 37: A\ar.II.a
6e3):leTK8 ,AaJia Ha 6ora rpa.nHB0 .n.a .ll.0H3Kapa 3ail011HaTHH MaHaCTHp,
a TOH it Jt,apyBaJI Mb.>KK0 .neTe. (6a6a MapH51, c . TiarnaKb OH.)

PycaAcK u MeCetf, EH.bOBCKU MeCetf, IOHH

a) P y c a JI c K a H e .II. e JI H, Py ca JI .H
p y C a JI K H T e ca npeMeHe HH H HaKHTeH H 3a.
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87 0oKOHHHSIT CnaeeAKO
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1871 r •• M. MaA, KH. 16, CTp. 503-507 .
638 P. ·H . M H .T 'b P M A P H H O B

.zx.a cesIT ceMe Ha.ZX. HHBHTe H KJiacoeeTe, OTBOpeHH H.3aCMeHH, rH nocpe.

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ce pa360JIHsa:
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JUIBaJI . OT 11.omama - pycaAcKama - 6oAecm.
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B c. Me,II.BeH npa3HyaaT caMo noHe,II.eJIHHK, cpHAa H TieTbK. ,,AKo
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Jl.SIJIOTo Jioae w.e ce iispecH, w.e na)(He pecama, T. e. tl.BeTbT, sam.oro
14
pycaJI·KHTe CH ro 3HM8T - K33B8 6a6a n}Ke)(a MHJIKOBa.
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MO B TIOHe)(eJIHHK, cpH)(a H neToK; He pa6oTHT OT HaAem - H3JIHT3T
Ha JIOWO."
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 p£/Tf{rH03Hlf O 5 H 'fA J1 639
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.aKo orHJle Ha pocett HJIH OT pycan,nne."' ·
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pan."
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ll1Ka·. npa3HyBaT U.HJia ce)(MHUa OT nomaTa 6onecT. ·
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_
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·nenK."· · ·
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aaMepH, Haii-HaKpaii yMpHJI.

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peHHTe 6oJIHH KaKB0 qyec1ayaam1: KanyrnapHHbT, npe,nH JJ,a na.nne, a
6oJ1HHHT npH 03,npaesrnaHeTo. 11 eTo KaKBO MH coo6mHxa.
KaJiyrnapHH'bT Onpo e naJJ,aJI na11:-t1ec10, 3amo10 e 6HJI no-
BHyrnaeM, a npH TOBa H no-HK B TeJI0CJIO)KeHHeTo (3amoTO 3a6paBHX
.na Ka)Ka, qe BaTaq>HH'bT H36Hpa 33 CBOeTO XHnHOTH3Hpane TOfOBa,KOHTO
HMa no•CHJIHa KOHCTPYKUHH, noHe)Ke no-cJia6 qoeeK MbllHO MO>Ke ,Ila
H3,1I,'bp)KH TaH XHnHOTH3aUHH H He MO)KeJI )I.ace CBeCTH noBTOpHo) . ToH
)(HJJ,O Onpo eto KaKBO MH pa3Ka3a:
,,Kato o6uKaJIHMe oKoJio 6oJIHHKa, a3 ycemaM, qe ce oMaueaM
MaJIKo no MaJIKO. Koraro npHH,ll.a qpu eataq>uHa,ra cpo6Ha OT OI~eTa u
Me norne,ll.a y 01rnre, a3 ce aarneMe,ll.BaM; Kora naJJ,eecH 3HaMeTo Ha){
0'IIHTe MH, 33 ycemaM, qe MH'ce 3aM'bfJIHBa npen. oqHTe, KaTO Kora HMa
M'br.1a. Kora 3eMeM )I.a o6uKaJIHMe oKOJio ropnero - a3 eeqe uumo He
IlOMHH, HHTH KaKBO npaBH BaTaq>HH'bT - Karo qe Me HOCH HHKOH. Ko_ra
yn.apHT, Ta ct1ynHT ropHero H ce npocue BO,ll.ara -. Toraea a3 OMaAaK-
cBaJt, IlO,ll.KOCBaT MH ce KpaKaTa H naJJ,aM. TiocJie Belle HHW.O,, He
nOl\lHH."
11 .npyrHTe KanywapH ce 3allleMe,l{B3T eJJ,HO OT TaHUHTe, a ,ll.pyro
OT XHITHOTH3aUHHTa Ha BaTaq>una, HO ace OCTaHT 60,ll.pH.
Or 60JIHHre, KOHTO ca ,ll.HfH3TH 3,ll.paBl{ OT pycaJIUHTe, 33 pa3- .
nuTax HHKOJIKO .ll.YllIH, a HMeHHo: Tiyno Mpo3HH H BeJIHKa 1l>Kop1rna OT
C. 8'bJI'l!e,ll.pbMa. Ero KaKBO MH pa3_Ka3axa. '
,,Karo Me ,ll.OHecoxa H CJIO)KHXa Ha qeprata, ,no,neTo urpaHT Ka-
Jiyrnap1ue OKOJIO Mette, 33 ycemaM, qe OMaJiaKCBaM, JJ,OXO)KJJ,a MH JJ.PHM·
Ka. Kat o Me no,ll.XBbprar KaJiyrnapHte.c 11eprara Harope, ~3 ce c'h6y)K-
.l{aM H 3eMa .na MH craea no-.no6po, no-JieKo. Korato 3eMaT KaJiyrnapH·
r e JJ,a Me npecKa'llar, a3 ycemaM Kato qe HHKOH 3HMa or 6omtara H
Mette crasa see no-JieKo. Koraro earaq>HHbT Me 3anou c ouera H Me
nopocu c BoJJ,ara - MeHe craHa JieKo, JieKo. A Kora ce c11ynu rop·
neto, MeHe Karo 'l!e .HHKOH Ka)Ke: ,,Craeaii, na 6eraft!", H ·a3 cKoqa
H no6er na u ce ycemaM CbBCeM 3JJ,pas. H 03,npa~rnaM, na rosa
CH TH e." .
PycaJIUHTe xo,ll.HT or none,neJIJrnK .no ne,neJIH, H TO .no o6H,n. Cne.!{
o6HJJ, aeqe ne HrpaHr , HO ce yn'bTBaT KbM ceJIOTO CH, ,neT0 CTHrBaT
seqepra cpemy noHeAeJIHHK. TyKa cera KaJiywapHre H3Hrpaeat e)I.HH
.P E ·JI H r 11 0 3 H 11 0 5 11 q A it 649
110-rOJI HM. TaHu B qecT Ha 3HaMeT O, KOeTo B TOBa BpeMe BaTaq>H H'bT ro
CBHBa H C'b6Hpa OKOJIO np'bTa H BH3CH B K'bI..U.H H .lJ.O)I.eTO ce B'bpHe, Ka-
Jiywap HTe HrpaHT 6e3 cm-1patte . KoraTo ce BbpHe, cTaBa B Kpora H noq-
He )I.a C'b6Hpa TOHfHTe. Haii-Ha npe.l{ HaH-CTapHHT I..U.e ce npH6JIH.>KH,
111.e KOJieHHtIH H I1I.e CH no.l{a.l{e TOHraT a, KaTo uenysa po Ka Ha aaTaqm Ha,
name ce OT.l{p'bnHe . .Upyn1T e Ill.e HanpaB HT HOB Kpbr C T8HU8 H 1<9raTO
BTOpHHT )I.OH)I.e npH BaTaq>HHa, Ill.e ce npH6JIH.>KH npH Hero, I..U.e KOJieHf!qH
H me MY no)I.aJJ:e TOHraT a CH . TaKa ce npO.ll.'bJI.>Kasa, .ll.OAeTo H nocne.l{
-
HHHT CH )I.a)le TOHraT a. BaTaq>HHbT Ill.e OTHece TOHfHT e B KbIUH, a CBH-
pallbT npO)I.b.n.>Kasa )la CBHpH. KaTO ce Bop He BaTaq>HH'bT ,CBHpKaTa cnH-
pa H TOH cera npHCT'b naa npH aceKH Kanyrna pHH, poKyaa ce c aceKH-
ro H BCeKH MY uenyBa pbKa.
TioCJie TOBa BCeKH CH CB8JUJ BeHeua H KHTKaT a OT KaJinaK a, Cb-
6ysa CH OTIHHUHTe c .>KeJie3HHTe JJ:ppHKaJia n KaJI.yrnapcTBOTO HJIH pycaJI-
1.U-fTe ce 3aaopu 1Ba.
TiocJie TOBa BJIH38T B .KbIUH, )leTo e npHrOT BeHa Tpane3 a H Ha-
rOTBeH H ca MHoro SICTHH, Ta UHJia HOI..U. H)l.8T H ce aeceJIH T.
Ha pa3)leJI BaHe BaTaq>H HbT H3CHTIB a Ha CHHHH KOJIKOT O napH ca
-Cb6paH H H KOJIKO ,Aapoae (pH3H, nernKHp H, KbpnH, qopanH H ,np.) ca
no)I.ape HH H pa3)leJI. H TOBa Ha BCH'IKH . Tott 3HM8 ~Ba ,nHJia, a Ha

.ZlpyrHT e .naea no e,nHH ,n.HJI. Ha .napoaeTe, 15aTo ce pa3)leJIHT Ha

'TOJIKO Kynoae , KOJIKOTO ca pycaJIU llTe, XBbpra T .>Kpe6He KOMY KOH
xyn, T. e. KaKao: pH3a, nernKHp H, qopanH HJIH .l(pyro me ce na.11.He,
Hero 3HMa.
Y p e Jl 6 a T a M e .>K .l( y p y ca JI u. H T e. BH,n.HxMe, qe aaTa-
<pHH'hT erJiaBaTa p H TOH HMa IlbJIHO H tteorpaH HqeHO npaBo Ha,n pycaJI-
UHTe, KoraTO ca Ha CJiy.>K6a, Te. KOraTO HrpaHT . KaKBOTO TOH HanpaB H
- HanpaB eHO e. KaKBOTO TO~ 381IOBH,na - · H31IbJIHHBa ce 6e3 BCHKa
JlYMa, 6e3 BC.HKO o6HCHeHHe. Toii HMa BJiaCT .na npHeMa HOBH pycaJIU.H,
a · CbUJ.0 H .na H3KJII0' 1Ba CTapH, aKO Te ca ce npOBHH HJIH B HeI..U.O.
BceKH pycane u e )lJI'b.>KeH .na ce ITO.l{'IHHHBa Ha IlO-CTapHH OT He-
ro, a HaH-MH oro Ha aaTaq>HHa .
.llpyrH o6H38HOCTH Ha pycaJIU.~Te ce CbCToHr B TOBa: JI.a He
6Jiy.l(CT ByBaT, J.(8 He IIHHHCTByaaT, .na He Kpa,naT, J.(a He fOBOpHT cpaM-
HH ,n:yMH, )1.8 ce He KapaT H C'bp).(HT HHKaK H HHKOMy. PycaJIU.HTe
ca J.(Jl'b}KHH )la ce o6Hll8T IlOMe.>K,ny CH H J.(a ce He KapaT .
.llo.neTO TpaHT ·TaHU.HTe, HHKOH pycaneu . He CMee .na rosopH C HH-
1<oro OT ceJUIHHTe. E.l(HHCTBeHHHT, KOHTO roaopH , . e BaTaq>HHbT.
AKO OTHBaT OT e)lHO ceno B J.(pyro H cpew.Ha T HHKoro , HHTO TI03-
~paBJIH BaT, HHTO OTroea pHT Ha Il03J.(paBJieHHHTa, KaKBHTO B 'TOH
Kpaii: ca: ,,J.(o6pa cpew.a" , ,,.no6pa CTHra", ,,noMar a rocno.D." HJIH.)(p yro.
AKO Ha IlbTH HMa ,l(a ce MHHaBa peKa, Te ce Bp'bI.IJ.aT,aKo HffMa
MOCT ifJIH KOJia .na H MHHaT, 38Ill.OTO He 6HBa .na H f33HT C OTIHHU.HTe
KOHTO ca H8KHTeHH, a Il'bK J.(a rH Co6yBa T aa6paH eHo e CTporo . ,
flpe3 UH.tiaTa ce,nMHU.a He 61-rna ,n:a ce KpbCTHT HHTO KoraTo CH-
,n;aT )la .H,naT, HHTO KOfaTO · CTaBaT OT coq>paT a-KaK'b BTO e OOHqaH T B
650 JlHMH T'bP M.APH HOB

TOH KpaiL OT tte,ll.eJI~ npe,ll.H Cs. ,Uyx na )lO He)leJIH cne)l PycancK aTa
He,n.e.ri H: HHKOH OT pycaJIUH Te He 6HB3 ,Ila X0JHf y )lOMa CH.
KoraTo ttomyaa T a HH Koe ceno, Te ce He )leJI HT, a BCH11K~ Ho-
iuyeaT Ha e,ll.H0 MHCTO.
,Uae .ZlPY}KHHH pycaJIU.H He 6usa )la HrpaHT a e,ll.HO CeJlO, HHTO TI'bK
.na ce cpem.aT. A Ko e,1tHa APY)KHH a e .II.OlllJia B ceJIOT0 no-Hanpe .n;, .ll.pyra-
Ta, KaTO ce H3BeCTH 3a TOBa, 33MHH8B a 33 .Zlpyro ceno. Ho cpem.aH~ TO
e CTaBaJio MHOro pH,llKO, 38lll.OTO o6HKHOB eHO npe3 TaH He,ll.eJIH XOAHT
B e,nHa OKOJIHOCT e)l.Ha HJIH .nae T8KHBa APY)KHH H, K0HTO ome OTHa"qaJJo
cu onpe,ll.eJ IHJIH KOH .npy)KHH a B KOH cena me Hrpae.
PycaJIU.H Te Ho11H pycaJIHH Te, KOHTO onHcax, e HMaJJO B MH0fO
MeCTa, HO cera ca H30CTaB eHH. HMaJIO e TaKHBa B JloBtt8HC KO H TTJJe-
BeHCKO., HO noBetteT o ca 6HJIH OT BJI8lllKH Te cena Kp8H .Uy HaB8. 11MaJJo
ru e H a Caum.oa cKo H PycettcK o. Cpem.H8 X cse,ueHH H 3a T.HX ome B
TyTpaKa HcKo H CHJIHCT peHcKo, a TaK8 com.o H B OpxaHHH CKO. HMaJJo
ru e 11 B IO)Ktta 6onrapH H - c . TsopAHU .a, HO cnope.n 6a6a M8pHH
THH pycaJIU.H ca 6HJIH .AtemozOH.lfU, T. e. MaKe)lOH UH, KapaKa'4 aHH
HJIH, npecene HH H3 MaKeJI.OHHH )KHTeJIH , KaKBHTo e HMano B TYH c eJJo .
IlpH nocne,uH aTa CH o6HK0JIK a B 1912 r. 83 cpem.tta x Kanymap H H
B C. ApMyTJI HH, )lo6pHttK O. Pa3K838 Xa MH, qe KaJiyllla pH HM8JI0 H B
.npyru cena, H To QoJir8pH .
6a6a Tonopa H 686a BbJIKaH a MH pa3 Ka3axa. qe B JlHT8KOBCKO
aeMJIHlll, e HMa MeCTH0CT, H8peqeH a PycaACK U zpo6UUl fl . Tyii HMe cnope,ll
THX e JI.8.ZJ.eHo OT TOBa, qe TYK ce cpem.ttaJ IH JI.Be TaKHBa .npy.>KHHH ►
c6HJIH ce noMe)K)l y CH H na.ZI.H3JIH HHKOJIKO .ZI.YlllH yMpeJIH H T3MO 6HJIH
norpe6a HH, OTJI.eT0 e H H83B3HH eTo Ha MeCTHOCTTa.
TioK011H 1u1TCJia BefiKOB B ,,llHTaJIH lll.e" , 1871 r .• M. Mau, KH. 16►
cTp. 503- 507, KaTo roBopH 3a e.ZI.Ha cTaTHHK a Ha AT. HnHeB 3a p ycan-
KHTe, Ka3Ba 11e Ha noTH OT TpHBHa 3a Ka3 aHJI'hK, npH npecJI8n a nJJa-
HHHCKH , H8peqeH Be.ZI.eK, HM8JIO MaJIKa TIOJIHHK a, B KOSITO CTbp'18T
o6p8CHaJIH B Tpesa H 6ypeHHK roJieMH AbJirH K8MbUH , Ha 6poii )leCeTHHa.
HapO.ZJ.bT ,!l.8JI Ha TaH TIOJIHHKa H83B8HH e Pyca.lJ.CKU 2po6uw,a , 3aW.0TO
HHKora e CT8Ha_ JIO c6HBaHe Me)KJI.Y PYC8JIU.H - JIIO.ZJ.e BeJIHK8H ll . A3
M HH3X npe3 Be.neK H noceTH X TaH TIOJIHHK a .
HaKpaH cqHT8M 3a HY)KHO JI.a Ka)Ka, qe pyc3JI HHTe, 38 K0HT0 ro-
BOpH n oKOHHHH T IllanKap ea B CBOHTa KHH)KKa ,,PycaJIH H", TinoBAHB,
1884 r., He m.e 6'b.ZJ.3T H8llIHTe PYC8JIHH , a noaeqe CTapu.H, 38 K0 HT0
r o s o p Hx n o -rope. TioHe)Ke pyc8JIHH Te H8lllH X0.ZJ.HT C8MO npe3 PycaJI-
cKaTa He.ZI.eJIH , a JI.p y nt.Te X0.ZI.HT npe3 MpoCHH Te .ZI.HH, OT Kone.ZI.a AO
Bo.nuuH. A M0)Ke JI.a 6 0.ne e.ZI.HO cMellleHH e J\:le)KJI.Y pycaJIHH Te H cTapUHT e.
I1 TYK HM8 Me cpelll,8 , KaKTO npH HeCTHH8 pHTe, C o6Hq8H HJIJl-06-
pe)l, KOHTO He e o 6 m. Hapo,ZleH o6Hqaff, a KOHTO He yq8CTBY B3 uaceJJe-
HHeTO U.HJI0, a e C8MO e)lHa n p HBHJierH poBaH a MHTHlleC Ka .ZI.peBHa npo-
cpeCHH, npHHa.ZI.Jie)Kem.a Ca Mo Ha HH KOJlKO ceMeHCTBa H K0HT0 CT8p8TeJJ-
HO ce KpHe OT OCT8H8JI HTe _.ZI.p yru H c e npeJI,8 B8 no H8CJie)lCTB0 Ha
OT,!l.(WHH ceMeHCT Ba H JIIO.ZJ.e.
pE,[IHI'H03HH OBHqAH 651
6) CB. T p o H u. a
Ha TOH )J.eH B CocpHHCKO HHKora a ce.nara: ,lI.oJIHH H
fopHH Jlo3eH, fepMaH, KoKaJIHHe, ,lI.paraJieeuH, fopHa 6aH.H, Ky••
pHJJ0B0, Tio.llryMep, Cec.naauu, KpeMHKOBUH, )Ke.n.HBa H .llP·, a qlf.HTO
6JJH3HH8 HMa MaHaCTHp, MOMHTe H HeBeCTHTe 0THBaT B MaHaCTHpa,
3eMaT HK0HH, KaKBHTO 'HMa, H C T.HX o6HK3JIHT C'bHOpa, Karo neHT
necHH. IlocJie Ha epom.atte ce cnHpar npH Kp7>cma, r. e. o6poqmu.e,
)l.ero naK ceJIHHHTe ca ce co6paJIH u 3aKJiaJIH Kyp6aH. Kyp6aH'hT ce
npeKa)J.Ba H BCH11KH .H)J.aT.
ToH 06u11afl ce npase.n )I.a 60)1.e 3ana3eH C'bHopnT or or'hH H rpa--
.n.yrnKa. ,llttec TOH 061111afl e H30CTaBeH. Ho H JIHecKa H3JIH3aT npH Kpnc-
Ta H T3Mo' csew.eHHKbT CBeTH MaCJIO 38 U.HJIOTO ce.no.

a) K y u. H .H 11 e_TB 'h p T 'b K

[TaKa] ce K33Ba 11eTB'bpThK'bT cJie)J. Cnacoa)J.eH.

TOSI 11eTB'bpThK e e)J.HH OT 12-Te H HaH-JIOllIHHT, B KOHTO He 6HB3 )I.ace
pa6oTH. AKO HSIKOH pa60TH, TOH HenpeMeHH0 ocaKaTHBaJI C KpaK:
6HJIO m.e ro c11ynH HJIH H3K'bJI11H, 611JI0 m.e ro noce11e HJIH H3ropH-m.e
cTaHe Kyu. (6a6a Mop<pa, c. ,llepeKboH; cps. C6HY, VIII, 141 ►
Pyn11oc - C'bIIJ.0To B.HpBaHe.)

r) Ca. D.yx
Ca. ,ll.yx e noHe)J.eJIHHKbT oT PycaJicKaTa He)J.eJIH.
Ha TOH )J.eH CTporo npa3HyBaT OT AOtua 6oAecm.
Bnpaar om.e, qe or BeJIHKH qerenpTnK )J.O TOH .n.ett )I_yurnTe ca 6H-
JIH Ha CBOOO)J.a, a Ha TOH )J.eH ce .npH6HpaT H 3aTBapsIT . .llo TOH )J.eH
Te ca X0)J.HJIH no 3eMHTa, a o6HKHOBeHO ca 6HJIH no UBeTHTa Ha Jl'bpBe-
TaTa. 3a )I.a rH cn6epaT, MaMe.rrn rH c opexoBH KJioHqeTa. (6a6a Ka.1u1 ►
c. Kn3'bKJIHce, 6a6a MapHH, c. TiarnaKhOH, 6a6a CroH, c. PycoKacrpo,
H ,I1.p. Cps. C6HY, XVI-XVII, 33, Oxp11.n..)
,ll.o P,yxooaeu, He 6Haa.no .n.a ce ropHr JI030BHTe npn11KH, 3aru.oro
pycanKHTe ce cnp)J.eJIH H pecaTa ona.n.aJia, Ta rpo3,1J.ero llJ.HJIO ~a 6n.zi.e
PHJl.KO H enc CHTHH 3nptta. (6a6a Mopq>a, c. ,llepeKbofl;Cpa. C6HY, VUI,
142, TipHJien.) HHK'b)J.e, K3TO B Tipunen, )J.O TOH )J.eH He H)J.3T 11epewu
H mo6ettHUH. Ha TOH )J.eH, KaTo CH pa3ttecaT, nocJie .H..ZJ.aT. (C6HY ,.
XI, 79.)

Jl) TI p eC B e T a ' K 'b C a n p e C B e T a'

He)J.eJI H scex cBHTHX

Ha TOH ,lleH B coq>HHCKHTe ceJia HHKora ca, pbCHJIH

Ce.TICKaTa e)J.pa CTOKa H KJI3JIH Kyp6aH. Tosa pncette CTaBaJio no TOR
H31!HH:
652 J{HMHT"bP MAPi1HOB

Hacpe,ZJ. ceJIOTO, aKO HMa· ~er.naH, aKO JIH'. He, TO. Kpai'.i CeJIOTO,
-ce C'b6Hpa UH.TJ.OTO ceJio H TYK roae.napHTe H KOHHp1ne ca .I(OKapBaJIH
'CeJICKHTe roBe)J.a H ceJICk.'HTe KOHe.• )loHeceH e H U.SIJI qe6'bp c BO,ZJ.a H
-nonbT CBeTH BO)J.a 3a CTOKaTa. Cne,ZJ. KaTO ,CB'bpWH BO,ZI.OCBeriT, CeJISI•
HHTe - M'h)Ke caMo, lll.e 06pa3ysaT JI.'bJira ynHua H epaTa, ·a sa,ZJ. THX
CTOHT JI.pyrHTe. Cera npe3 Taff YJIHU.a H BpaTa ce npeKapsaT BCHIIKHTe
Tdaen.a H KOHe. Y JIHl.l.aTa· H3HallaJIO e WHpoKa, Ta roBe,ZJ.aTa :BJIH3aT,
a KOJIKOTO ce OTHBa KbM caew.eHHKa, T.SI ce cTeCH.SIBa H npH CBe~eHHKa, .
'.KOi%To B ffh.'1 HOTO CH qepKOBHO O)J.e.SIHHe CTOH C KHTKaTa, HMa lleTHpMa
3JI.lJ8BH e.n.pH Mb)Ke, KOHTO HanpaBJIHBaT BCHKO rose,ZJ.o H BCeKH KOH
·KbM caemeHHKa, KOHTO ru nop'bcaa. Tosa pnceHe ce npoJJ.'hJI>KaBa,
)I.O.ll,eTo MHHaT··BCH\IK}iTe roBe)J.a H KOHe C TeJIUHTe H KOHlleT~iTa; KaTO
•Ce M3BbpWH TOH o6pe.n., BCHllKH OTHBaT Ha npHrOTBeHOTO MHCTO. TaMo
Il'bK ce BbpWHJI JI.pyr o6peJI.. 3aKJiaJIH ca HHKOJIKO OBeHa, OT THX ce
TOTBHJia ro36a, :>KeHHTe ca JI.QlieCJIH XJIH6, BHHO H paKHSI. HJIH IlbK BHHOTO
H paKHHTa ca KyneHH OT o6w.o C'b6paHHTe napH.
Csew.eHHK'bT npeKa)J.Ba Tpane3aTa, pe:>Ke XJIH6oBeTe, 3HMa CBOHTe
·uop.SI38HHUH H KO)KHTe OT OBHHTe - H 06.SI,ZJ.bT HallHHH.
Toaa e Ky p .6 a H · 3 a c e JI c Ka Ta c To K a - · ,ZJ.a· H ·He
.JIOBH 6oJiecT.
HMa ow.e HHKOJIKO TIO,ZJ.06HH o6pe)J.a,KOHTO ce H3B'bpWB3T:3a 3;ztpa-
:ae Ha CTOKaTa, HO THX w.e OIIHilla Ha caoe M.SICTO H no CBOH pe,ZJ..

e) B a p T o JI o M e fl, 11 IOHH
t.IepKoBeH npa3HHK: Cs. ano.cTOJIH BapTonoMeil
H BapHaBa. ·
AnocToJI BapTOJIOMefl, eJI.HH oT 12-Te anocToJIH, nponoBH,llBaJI
B HHJI.HH H npeBeJI eBaHreJIHeTO OT MaTeH Ha TaMKaWHHSI' e3HK. BHJI
1)a3II'bHaT Ha KpbCT c rJiaBaTa Ha,ZJ.ony B rp. Anq>eHH, ApMeHHH, H
npe.iaJI 6ory JI.yx. · · ·
. Hapo,ZJ.eH npa3HHK: B?JpmoAoMeu, B?Jp·moMOARu (c. Co;11Mac, -
XacKoscKo). ·
C11HTa ce 33 e,ZJ.HH OT qetHpHTe rpa,llywKapH, KaKTO ·ToBa .ce Ka-
-aa. ,,BH,ZJ.OB,ZJ.E!H BH)J.H, a fepMaH, JlHce H BnpTOJIOM.eH w.e naKOCTHT
-o'i'cTpaHH." (Ba6a Mopq>a, c. ,UepeKhOH.)
Tipa3HysaT ro OT rpaJI. JieTe HOT q>cp~yHa 3HMe. Roil ro .ffe npa3-
.Hysa, JieTe w.e ro 6He rpa,ZJ., a 3HMe w.e ro 3aBee HHK'bJJ.e q>cpTyHa,
BHen1:1ua. (Ba6a KaJIH, c. Kn3'bKJIHce. CpB. C6HY, V~II, 141, Pynqoc.)
BHpaa ce, 11e TOH ,ZJ.eH CJI'bHUeTo ce o6paw.an;o Ha 3HMe, 3aTosa
-cTaBaT MHoro paHo, npe,ZJ.H .zta H3rpee CJI'bHUeTo, Ta KoraTo H3rpee,
J:{a ro BHJI.HT KaK ce 3aBp'bW.aJio Ha3a,ZJ., K'bM 3HMaTa. H 3a qoseKa
-e xy6aBo ,ZJ.a ro BHJI.H CJI'bHUeTo, KoraTo ce 3aBpow.a, aaw.oTo w.e 60,ZJ.e
·-3~paB H eeceJI.
Cnope,ZJ. 6a6a CToH, c. PycoKacTpo, H ~p. ToBa cTaBaJio Ha BHJI.bO
{8H,ZJ.OB,ZJ.eH, 15 IOHH).
J>E.llHI'H03HH 05H'IAH 653
>K) CB. E .11 H c e w, 14 JOHH

l.JepKoBeH npa3HHK: Ca. npopoK EJIHceii:, KOHTO

npe.nsapHJI XpHcTa, 816 r. ·
Hapo.neH npa3HHK: Jluce, Jluco.
npa3HyBa ce or rpa.n, 3am0To -roii: e e.n1-rn OT 11eT11pHMaTa rpa.nyrn-
Kapu, K~HTO BO.II.HT TbMHHTe 06JJau.u, TibJIHH C rpa.l{yrnKa, a 3HMHO ape-
Me· c <P.'h:P!YHa H BHe.rrnua .. (Ba6a Mopq>a, c . .llepeKbOH.)
·Ilpa3Hysa ce ome OT 60.necTTa Auco, T. e. OT KOHTO ona.nsa Ha
lfOBeK ~ocaTa, .H.l{aT MY ce u na.l{aT MycTaKHTe HJIH 6pa.l{aTa. 3a e,'l.Ha
MOMa ·u ' >KeHa KOC8Ta e f.1"18B HOTO yKparnem-1e, 6e3 KOCa T.H CTaBa 3a
nopyraHHe; cbmo H Mb>K c Koca e xy6asen; 6e3 Koca, a oco6Ho 6e3
MYCT8K,H - TOH e 38 npHCMex . 06HKHOBeHO T8KHBa 6e3 KOCa, 6pa.na H
MYCT8KH ce K83B8T KeAetUu. BceKH 3Hae KaKBO Hemo·e .na 6b)le 1IOBeK
,ce)z,ew,.
CbUJ.eCTBOTO HJIH .llYXbT, KOHTO JI.8B~ Tasr 60.11ec-r HJIH MO>Ke .na H
M3JieKysa, e Jluco-. ToJ1 .neJ-J .Ke.1Jern1-1Te MHoro npa3HyBaT H caemH na-
JIHT. Xo){SIT, B TIOJieTO H T3MO ce IlOJIHBaT C JieKOBHTH TpeBH, KbilSIT Ce
B' JieBH BO.l{H H .naeaT o6eTH . (6a6a CTOH, C. PycoKacTpo; cpB. )K.
cTap., I, 175.)
Jlo Cs. EJJHcei:i ce cee npocoTo , (eceHHHa); ceJIHHHTe Ka3BaT:
,,Jlo EJIHCeH, 8KO CH ceHJI, me >KHem; aKO He CH ceH.TJ , HHMa ,u.a >KHern..'"
KaTo ce.RT nocJJe,u.noTo TOH )1.eH, Ka3Ba.T: ,,EJrncesi ce5J! .. Cps·. C6HY,.
Ill·, 125, TipH.11en.

3) E n b o n .n e H, 24 JOHH

. 4epKOBeH npa3HHK: Po>K.neHHe Ha CB. npopoK

AoaH KpnCTHTe.TJ.
Hapo.lleH npa3HHK: f/HeBaeH (Coq>uiicKo), HBaHiJeH (CTpyra),.
HB?JHOeH (OxpH.n) HJIH HBaH 6uAo6ep H MBaH 6pyAHIO (TnpHOBCKo).
I,lpa3ayaa ce B 11ecT Ha CJlbHU.eTo H B qecT Ha BCH11KHTe 6oJieCTH.
UibHUeTo )loTyK · e· CTHrHa.110 B IlbTyBaHeTo CH KpaitHaTa T011Ka
Ha CBOH IlbT KbM ,JI.HTOTO; OTTyKa m~ Tp.H6Ba .na ce Bpnma KbM 3HMaTa.
TyK CH MaJIKo no11HBa, Ta 3aTosa CTOH nose11Ko Ha He6eTo.- Ka-
To CH OTil011HHe, OKbilB~ ce B >K H B a T a B O .l{ a H Ha cy_TpHHTa Ha
EHbOB)leH, OKbTI8HO H IlO.D.MJia,neHO, ce o6pbma, 38 )la TpnrHe Ha3a.zi..
,.T,o~ ,AeH .H3rps1Ba
MHOrO paHO H ce onpomasa C OHSI CB.SIT, Koro-
TO H.HMa .na BH)lH OCBeH )lOro,nHHa. Toe pa)lOCTHO, . qe m.e ce npH6epe
Kb~ 3HMOBHlll.e, H _OT pa.nocT Hr'pae.
MH03HH8, KOHTO ca Ha IlOJleTO HJIH Ha nJiaHHHaTa H ca ce ceTH-
JIH .na rJie)laT BHHMaTeJIHO npH H3rpSIBaHeTo Ha CJibHIJ.eTo, ca BH>K.l(aJJH
KaK TO HSIKOJIKO IlbTH IlOllfpaBaJIO. MHoro e xy6aso TO.SI .neH )la BH.IJ.H
'IIOBeK CJI'bHIJ.eTO npH C8MOTO MY H3rp51BaHe, T. e. KOf8TO H3Jr.a.i:r.e C'bpn,
H TO 'J.(8 Te .BH)lij H, )la B3eMe OT Te6e c6oroM, H .i:r.a Te nopbCH. (Ba6a
654 /1HMHT1,P MAPHHoa

MapHH, c. Kb3bKJIHce, 6a6a CToH, c. PycoKacTpo, 6a6a He.l{a, c.

Ta6atrna, PycettcKo, H ,up.)
ToH .nett ce KbneJIH H BCHqKHTe 6oneCTH B e3epOTO, .nero H3BH-
pa :>KHB8T8 B0)1.3.
KaKTO CJibU.eTo, TbH H 6oJieCTHTe, Karo ce OKbnHT, H3TJ)Hsar
,ce H H3TbpCB8T H ttapoceaT TpeBHTe; eTO 331.UO TaH cyrpHH JIHB8J{HTe
H ropHTe ca MHoro pocHH. (6a6a .lloHa, c. lllnnKa.)
ToH .nett 33CJiy)KaBa )la 6b)l3T OT6eJIH33ttH HHKOH o6pe.l(H H 06H-
·qaH, KOHTO ce BbprnaT H KOHTO CbCT3BJIHBaT HMettttO H np33HHKa.
Kb n a tt e To. KaTo H3yqaaax )KHBOTa Hapo,neH, a3 cpem.Hax
-CJ{HH MHOro cKpb6ett <pa KT, a HMettttO, qe ttallIHHT ceJIHttHtt, na H rpa.)l{-
.J(3ttHtt tteOXOTHO ce orttaCH KbM 6attHTa; tteoxoTttO ce Kbne.
CHaraTa MY BH)K.1(3 B0.ll3 C3MO KoraTO e M3JlbK: ,,]la 3ttae M3Ma-
K833JIO 6HJIO 6e6eTO, - KOraTO MM HHKttaT 3b6KH, TH 6H H xypKaTa CH
-cqymwa, crpHJia 6H B0)1.3 H 6H Me OKbnaJia" - e npHK83Ka, KOHTO SI
11Ma B Hapo)J.a, HO ace naK pH,llKO ca MaHKH, KOHTO H H3TTb'JlttSIB3T. Ko-
IlHT 6e6eTO ,!J,O 40 )I.HH H nocJie ro H30CT3BHT. KbTIHT IJOBeKa ff . Koraro
y~1pe, Koeto K'bnatte e )I.bJI60Ko-06pe.ntto . pennrifo3HO ycTa»ooJieHue;
HeOKbnaH MbpTbB IJOBeK He ro 3apaBHT. 3Ha'lH H B J(BaTa CJiyttaSI
KbTIHT qoeeKa .npyrH, 6e3 TOH )I.a 3Hae. I(bTIHT ro H KaTO MJia,l(O.)l{eHeK
no HsaHOB,ll,eH, HO H rorasa H3Cl-1Jl3 ro KbTIHT .rr,pyrH H TOH B MHOro
c.,1yqan ce orKynea.
Ilpoqee Kora .n.pyr TibT TOH MHe ceosira cttara?
HMa ,1~HH ycraHoBeHH, HM a c.rryqan Hape.neHH, 06pe.ntto-3anoes:r.na-
HH, HaJIO)KeHH, KoraTO TOH o6e3aTeJIHOTpH6Ba .na ce OK'hne.
TyK He roeopH 3a rJiaBaTa, KOHTO ttarnaTa )KeHa MHe noHe e Me-
ceua, a 3a cttarara.
IlbpBo, TOH ce Kbne, KoraTo 3a6oJiee H 6a6ara-epatt·Ka MY .n.a.ne
6I-IJ1KH H MY 33TIOBH)J.3 .na rH BapH, .na ce IlOJIHBa HJIH Kbne B'bB BO,llaTa.
8Topo, TOH ce Kbne 3a 3JJ.paee r~a feprhos.neH, Ha EHbOB.lleH
H Ha fopemHHU.HTe. .
H:a f~prbOB)1.eH, KaKTO cnoMeHaX no-rope, H3llIHHT ceJIHHHH ce
Kbne oT mpecKa, T. e. .n.a ro He BTpHca, MaKap qe He MHoro c.nyqau
TOH CH cneqeJIBa TpecKa, 6e3 .na H HMa. Ha TOH ,neH ce TbpKaJ1HT ro-
JIH H,3 pocHaTa Tpeoa, KOeTO CbCT3BJIHBa naK e.n1-rn BH)1. 6aHH: HO H TO-
Bae CBbp33HO C Bb3MO)KHH JIOllIH TIOCJie)1.CTBHH: TbpKaJIH ce OT Kpacra,
a MHOfO TT'hTH noJiyqaaa KpacTa. Kbne ce Ha feprbOB)1.eH, 33UJ.OTO H
MeqKaTa Toraaa ce KbneJia. .
Ha EHhOB)1.eH ce Kone OT Aoiuu 6oAecmu. Kone ce, 38lll.OTO ce K'b-
ne.~n CJI'hHU.eTo H 6onecTHTe. Toaa KbrraHe e n·aK o6pe.n.tto.
Ha TOH ,AeH cyTpHHTa MHoro paHo, rrpe.nn 01~e .na 1rnrpee CJl'bHUe-
TO, meOTHJ}.aT Ha peKata H me ce OK'bll.HT, K3TO BHpBaT, qe B rosa
com:o BpeMe ce K'hrre H CJl'bHII,eTO, K'hll.HT ce tt 6oJieCTHTe - H npe3 Ufl·
.Jiata ro;:vrna 6oJiecT 3a Hero HHMa JI.a HMa.
BoJIHHqaBHTece KbilHT'B H3B0pH, KJia,neHLUi H IJellIMH.. 11MaH3BOP-
qera, KOHTO npe3 U,HJiara fO,llHH.a ca npeC'hXHaJIH, HO Ha EHbOB)\eH me
pEJ1/lfrl'f03HH OBHC/AH 655
H33pH DO.J.ci II me Teqe, Toaa e HeBepoHTHO, HO TO e q>aKT, 8 ,: MOHTe
,c'b6paHH MaTepHa.lH a3 HM8!'\'I 3aTIHC8HH JVIKOJIKO no.n.o6HH .4>a1e-ra.
· Ta.H BO.la e :1eKOBRTa, 38lUOTO BHpBaHeTo YTB'bp}K)l.aBa, 11t' TH ce
npama OT CJlbHUeTO. Or TaH BO.LI.a HaJIHBaT B 6ap.LI.yUH, HOC.HT y AOMa
.HrrocJ1e, Karo cMecaaT a .n.pyra or peKaTa HJIH KJlaJ.letteua, ce ;Kon.HT,
KaTO TypraT BbTpe H Tpe_BaTa eHbOBKa.
CJlbHUeTO H3f'pHBa OKbnaHo H qoseuHTe ro nocpew.aT OK'bll8HH H
npa3HyBaT B tteroaa 11ecT, KaTO ro H3npaw,aT Ha ObT K'bM HefOB010'3H-
MOBHui.e. '
E H bOBCK H B e H e u . EHbOBCKHHT BeHeU e BTOpaTa qacT OT
o6pe,nnTe Ha TOH ,IJ.eH.
6HJIKHTe 3a TOSI BeHeu w.e ce C'b6HpaT MHOfO paHO B 30pH: TH.SI
6HJIKH ca BCSIKaKBH, 'KaKBHTO cpew.HaT U'h<t>HaJIH H3 noneTo, HO B,'·a ero
TpH6Ba ,IJ.a HMa CJIC,IlHHTe 6HJIKH: BpaTHKa, KYMYHHKa, tieMepHKa H THH-
-rsrna, HO C H306HJIHe OT eHbOBKa. .
THSI 6HJIKH Ha6paHH, ,IlOHaC.HT ce B K'blll,H H TYK OT T'.SIX ,yirHB8T
eHbOBCKHSI o6pe,IJ.eH BeHeu .
.· Ha Bp'bW,aHe o6aqe OT OOJICTO c 6HJIKHTe Te w.e MHHaT npe3 pe-
xaTa H •TaMO w.e ce OK'bllHT, Ta •OK'b.naHH me BHHT BCHeua.
1

TaK'hB BeHeu BHeJia BCHKa Koma HHKora,- a cera. ce ane ,B e,l\Ha

K'bll(a, .IJ.eTO .~Ma CTapa }KCHa, Ta .l\'bp}KH·o6pe.n.a H OT MaXaJlaTa Jl.,Oxa>K-
)l.8T MOMH, .IJ.eua H _6yJ1KH ,IJ.a ce nposH.par npe3 _Hero. YsusaT r.o . ua3e-
.J1eHa qep_ HHqea_a npoqKa, ·a MO>Ke H {-la H6bJI'leaa, Kpyrnosa np1>qKa;
YBHBaT 6HJIKHTe C11epBeH KOHeu.. BeHCU'bT e no-rOJJSIM -Hemo aplllHH B
..AHaMeT'hp. KonKOTO .n.a MO>Ke qoaeK .n.a ce npoape npe3 ~ero.
·. HHKora cnopeA 6a6a Mura )l(e:KoBa OTC. KoMapeso,KapHo6aTCKO,
JI.OJl,CTO ca 6paJIH 6HJIKHTe, JlO,l\CTO ca ce Bp'blll,,8JIH }t; JtOJl.CTO ca YBHB8JIH
Be.Heua, neeJIH ca necHH, KOHTO ..zittec ae11e ca 3a6paBeH11. •Ha MOJI6a-
Ta , MH ,Aa MH npOAHKTyaa HJIH H3nee HSIKOSI~ KOHTO IlOMHH, · TH MR
H3llH, HO neceH, . KOSITO neHT, KOraTO. · ce npoBHpaT npe3 BeHeua.
Tosi aeHeu. me ro 3eMaT ,nae 6yJ1KH n .naeTe ca poue, a .oKono
THX MOMH H }KeHH me neHT neceHTa, KOSITV 'TyK H3JlaraM . .lloACTO ne.HT
'Ta.ff rreceH, me ce rrpoaHpaT: Hafl-Hanpe.rt AeuaTa, cJieit, T.SIX MOMHqeTa-
Ta no,neBKH, CJle)l T.SIX MOMHTe H 6yJ1KHTe, a HaH-CeTHe H •>KeHHTe. B
-c ..I<.oMapeeo-H c. PycoKacTpo BH)l.HX, qe ce npoBHpaT H TIO-:-CTapH >Ke.HH.
ETo ·neceHTa, KaKTo MH . e c'bo6w,eHa OT 6a6a MHTa:

3Meft: OT . ropa PycKH • .n.yMa: PycKa 3MeHKY OTfOBapsi:

-. Oil Te Te6e, PycKe JIH6e!· - llyx r,o. 11yx ro, JIH6e 3MeiiKo.
Bqepa · .n.oii.nox B TBOH ABOpH, Ho He cMeHx ,Aa . H3Jle3Ha,
,f lo ~Bop XO}leX,. C K3B-3JI CBHpex, )la H3Jle3Ha .u.op .no npara.
c · K8B8JJ' CBHp~X, Te6e BHKaX, A3 .CH HMaM AO neT 6paTa:
Ho TH, P.ycKe, . H~ H3Jie3e; TpHMaTa ca O)KeHeH.H.
~3JIH He CH KaBaJI . qyna. A .n.~aMaTa - ow.e. MOMUH.
He CH 11yna, -He H3.Re3Ha, )l(eaeHHTe no ce6 3HaRT,
Mn-H. PycKe, C'hH CH cnaJia? ·no ceo 3H8SIT, Ta MHpyBaT.
656 · Jl.HMHT'bP MAPJ1H08

Ho . JlBaMaTa, mo · ca MOMUH, E)lHH xaH)l>Kap, JJH6e 3~1eH,K-O,.

Ha · npar ce)lHT H CH ToqaT E.zt.HH xaH)DKap e 3a • Te6e,
.Uo '')lBa HO.>Ka', .;1:1.aa xaH)l.>Kapa, EJlHH 3a Te6, Jlpyr 3a Mette.

B c . PycoKacTpo ce nee TaH · neceH:

Ou·, JloMHO, JloMHO, KJienaJIO KJiene
.UoM•HO, u.apm1e! i Pa Ho B . ne.n.eJIH .
TporHaJia e )loMHa Tyu He e 6HJJO
CyTpetta paHo Bo.>Ke KJienaJIO,
BHJIKH .na 6epe, Ho JIO e 611JI0
BHJIKH . 3a po>K6a. CaMa 3MeHu.a,
ropa · CTl-lrHaJia, 3JiaToOKpHJIHUa:
BHJlKH Ha6paJia lllepKa. ca r.naBH,
11 qyJia JloMHa, CHHa CH .>KeHH.
KJienano · KJiene,
J13 MO.ff COOpHHK

(KaTo qe · He e cabprneHa; nHxa· H MOMHTe, .n.eTo ce npoBHpa-

xa npe3 aeHeua, a nocJie MR H npoJlHKTysa 6a6a CTos:1. B JloMcKo como
ce nee neceH, .n.o.n.eTo ce npoaHpaT npe3 eHbOBCKHH aetteu. TieceHTa e
H3JI0)Ketta B )I(. cTap., I, 176.)
KaTO CB'bprnaT npoBHpaHeTO , BeHeua OKaqsa:r HSIK'b)le B K'hmlf HJIH
B'bH nt>.n CTpHXaTa H ro CK'bTBaT 38 npe3 TO)lHHaTa. Toil ce yn0Tpe6,1:n1-
Ba sa uHp: OT Hero K'hCaT )la .n.anaT Ha Jiexyc1ne .>KeHH (KOHTO ca po-
JlHJIH), .l(8BaT Ha 3a6oJieJIH OT He3H8HHa 6oJiec·T C8MO)lHBCKa, 'K'hnHT C
THH 6HJIKH MOMH, 6yJIKH H )leu.a - KOHTOCa H3TIHTH OT JI0lllH 0llH, KOH-
TO ca H3TIHJIH Helll,0 HanpaTeHO HJIH Ha KOHTQ e Hanpaselto MarHH. Be-
HeU'bT e ~Hero JieKOBHT . .B IlpHJien C TOH BeHeu. JieKyBaT AeyHKume.
T . .e. JiexycHTe )KeHH·,3a6oJieJIH OT HaBHTe.· JleKyBaT rH,KaTo rH npoBH_:
paT npe3 BeHeu.a · TpH Il'bTH. (Cps. C6HY, XIII, 144.)
· B u JI b o 6 e p 6 -a H JI u 6 e p 6 ·a H a . 6 H JI K H. BHJI KH
6epaT Ha reprbOB)leH; 6epaT u Ha EpeMHH, na u Ha Cnacoa.n.eu.
Ho Ha EHbOB.l(eH 6HJibo6ep6aT a e o6pe,ll.Ha . u nosceMecTHa. Ha TOH
.l(eH ,He BC3M0 Bpa'IKHTe, 6HJIHpKHTe ·H MarbOCHHU.HTe, K0HT0 6opaB.ffT
c 6HJIKH u 6ypeHe, 6epaT 6HJIKH,HO 6epe H BCHKa )i<.eHa, BCHKa 6a6a -
38Ul,0TO BCHKa 6HJIK8' TOH )leH, Ha6paHa H HscyrneHa, CJIY>KH 38 UHp.
BonecTHTe cnope)l HapOJlH0To BHpBaHe ca 77 1/2. Ce.n.eM)leceTTe
H ce,neM 60JIKH HM8l' II.Hp, ,._ e. HMa 6HJIKH sa THX; 38 IlOJI0BHHaTa 6o-
JieCT, HMeTo Ha KO.SITO e He3HaHHO, HHMa II.HP, HHMa 6HJIKa. BHJI51pKHTe,
BpallKHTe H Marb0CHHU.HTe 3H8HT KOH 6u,11Ka 3a KaKB0 CJIY)KH, HO H re
He 3H8HT uepa Ha IlOJIOBHHaTa 6oJIKa. ETo 33Ul,0 TOH ,neH, KaT0 ce 6e-
paT paaJIH'IHH 6HJIKH, Ul,e ce oT,neJIH'r Hac-rpaHa ce,neM)leceT H ce)leM
pa3JIHlJHH 6HJIKH, a 38 IlOJI0BHHaTa HHMa ,na ce seMe ueJIHHT CTp'bK, a
me ce pasu.enH noJJOBHHaTa c u.eeTeu.a - me ce sa:>KMH H Ul,e ce oTK'bCHe,
K0SIT0 '6HJIKa ·nona.l{He Ha p'bKaTa. TaKa rio ·TOH H8lJHH ca Ha6paHH
 PEJIHI' H03BH OEHf/AH 657
77½ 6HJIKH. (Ba6a Kan.ff, c. K'h3'bKJJHCe, 6a6a CTOSI, c . PycoKaCTp o,
6a6a MapHSI, c . nawaKbOH , Ba6a MHTa )l(eKosa, c. KoMapeso, 6a6a
MHHa , C. )l(epaBHa, 6a6a necna, C. nepeMaXJi e, H ,np.)
TH.ff 77½ QHJIKH, C'b6paHH TOH .l{eH, npaBSIT Ha KHTKa, KO.SITO
B CoqmikKo ce Ka3Ba RHeecKa KumKa. TaH RHeecKa KHTKa cny)KH aa
J leK npe3 ro,nHHaTa. AKO HHKOH 3a6onee OT HHKaKBa "6onecT, -a He MO-
_
.>Ke )ta Ce Il03Hae OT K8KB8, TOraBa 3HMaT 6HJIKH OT Ta.ff KHTKa ~ r'O
K3.I{SIT HJIH TY pHT B'bB BO.l{a H ro 3anoAsaT. TaH KHTKa cJiy)KH aa UHP H
e
Ha .no6HT'bKa: aKO CTOKaTa Hem.o He</)eAuma 6HJIO OT HSIKaKBa 6onecT,
6HJJO OT MarHH, 3HMaT OT Ta.ff KHTKa UBeToBe H rH CTpHHT Ha npax H
ry.>K,naT B K'bpMHJIKa Ta, Ta 33K'bpMSIT CTOKaTa.
BHJIKHTe Ha TOH ,neH ce 6epaT cyTpHHTa MHOrO paHO - npe.nH.
CJl'bHUe. 3aTOBa TOSI ,neH noJieTO e IT'bJIHO c )KeHH, MOMH H 6yJIKH. 6H-
JJ.HpKHTe, BpaqKHTe H MarbOCHHU HTe ce na3HT .na rH He BH.I{H HHKOH,.
KoraTO 6epaT-6HJIKH, 33TOBa Te H3JiH3aT om.e npe3 HOIIJ.Ta y n'bpBH-•
neTJIH H 6epaT 6HJIKH C3MO H no TaKHBa MecTa .I{HBH H 3aT'bHTeHH, .ne:ro
pSI.I{KO HHKOH m.e MO)Ke .na OTH,ne. 3a Ta.ff ueJI HHKOH BpaqKH OTHBaT ome
OT seqepTa H TaMo cnHT, Ta se,nHara nocne noTaHHO speMe .na 6ep aT
6H.,1KHTe. .
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5I H b OB O 6 y JI e (Jlo3eHrpa.l{CKO). To.ff ,neH B HHKOH KpaHm.a,
npeHMymecTBeHO B IO)KH3 6'bJirapHH, Me)K,ny 6ypracKHT e cena OCBeH
.l{pyrHTe o6Hll3fl, KOHTO OIIHCaX . no-rope, B'bpIIIaT om.e e,I{HH o6aqai:t,.
KOHTO e HapeqeH EHil, EHbO, EHboea 6yAR HJIH f/Hb080 6yAe. TH.ff
pa3JIHqHH HMeHa, HOCH nopa,nH pa3HHUa B'bB B'b3fJie,nHT e, ITOHSITHHTa
OTHOCHTeJJHO rJiaBHOTO JIHUe EHbOTO HJIH EHbOBaTa 6yJISI. B C. PHIIl
H ,np. 'rJJe.l{aT Ha Hero K3TO Ha C8MHH EHbO, a B .npyrHTe (c. PycoKaCTp O
·H .l{p.) KaTO Ha Heroea 6yJIKa- EHbOBa 6yJIH, 51Hb0B0 6yne B JI03~-
rpa.u.cKO.
TaKa HJIH HHaK TOJl o6Hqaft ce H3Bopnrna B qecT Ha EHbOB.I{eH
H HMa. I'OJl.ffMO MHTHlleCKO .3HalleHHe.
EHR, EHbo HJIH EHbooa 6yllJl, f/1t,bOBO 6yAe e MOMHlleHue Ha
3 .no 5-rO,ZI.HIIIHa B'b3pacT,HapollHO npHrOTBeHO H 06Jiet1eHo 33 B CJiyqa.ff.
O 6 n e K JI o T o H a E H SI H JI H E H h o B a 6 y n si.
MoMHtieHu eTo npe,nH BcHqKo Tp.s16ea .na 6'b,ne uam7,pcaK, T.e. nocne.n-
HO Ha po,nHTeJIHT e CH H po,nHTeJIHT e MY .na ca )KHBH H n'bpBoBeHl l3HH.
06neKJioT o B paaHHTe cena e. paaJIHllHo. B Jlo3eHrpa,n cKo (paa-
Kaaeana 6a6a _ n ecna OT c. nepeMaxne , npeceJieHa H3 c • . Beiican)
. Jl1-tb080mO 6yAe o6JIHllaT KaTO 6yJIKa C1:,IIJ.HHCKa C BCHIIKHTe
. H3KHTH H ' yKparneHHSI H npe6yJIBaT SI C qepBeHo 6yno. B c. no.neec,
AiiTOCKO, 6yARma e o6JieqeHa B qy_KMaH, )t'bJira )KeHCKa pH38, H onacBaT
11 ytiqa, T.e. )KeHCKH onac; Ha rnaeaTa II ry)K.ZI.3T aneHo 6yno a OT-
rope B'bpXy 6yJIOTO-p 1:,qeHHK H .l{pyrH 6yJillHHCKH H8KHTH~ B Cw
PycoKacTp o, BypracKo, EHRma o6JIHllaT B JKeHcKa p:uaa, qepBeH
KaBOO, .I{'bJira Bp'bXHa ,llpexa C p'bKaBH .l{O JiaKTHTe (aoAameHKa B 3a-
na){Ha B'hnrapHH ), npe6yneaT SI c qepBeHo 6yno, · a oTrope SI HaKu-
42
658 JlHMHT1,P MAPHHOB

TBaT KaT0 6yJIKa; npe3 Kp'bCTa H onacBaT· C M'b:>KKH qepBeH TTOHC H

OKOJioap'bcT tta6o)J.etta c eHbOBKa. B c. MeABeH, KoTnettcKo, o6JIHtiaT
E,uima KaTO 6yJIKa c lIYKMaH, KaKTO H0CHT 6yJIKHTe o6HKHOBeHo, HO
6ynoTo H e 6HJio. B c . Ko3'bKJIHce, Ko3'hJiaratIKo , H o6nHtJaT B o6ne-
KJIO, KaKBOTO HOC.HT MOMHTe H :>KeHI-ITe, caM0 qe 51 yKpaCHBaT KaTo 6yn-
Ka H 6yJioTo H e aJieHo . B c. lloJIHO O_pHXOBO, PycettcKo (npecenettH
OT O,u.pHHCKO), 6yARma o6JIHl!aT B MeCTHO o6JieKJIO: ~PA.RH.Ka H
~pyrH 6yJiqHHCKH HaKHTH, a 6yJIOTO He qepBeHo.
ByJioTo o6aqe HaBcHK'b)J.e e T'bHKO, Ta npe3 Hero .u.a MO:>Ke .u.a ce
BH)I.H. O6JIHtiaHeTO Ha EHHTa HJIH EHbOBaTa 6yJIH ce H3B'bpurna OT tJeTH-
pH MOMH, KOHTO Ille H HOCHT nopeA Ha paMetteTe CH~ JJ.O)J.eTo o6HKOJIHT
CeJIOTO H OKOJIO ceJIOTO H OKOJIHOCTHTe My; lllOM C'b6JieKaT )J.eTCKHTe .u.pe-
XH Ha MOMHt1em.1.eTo H o6JieKaT :>KeHCKaTa pH3a - TO CTaBa 6yAR H me
ce,u.H TTOCTOHHHO y noJiaTa Ha eJJ.Ha OT tieTHpHTe MOMH, 3amOTo MHoro
JIOllIO 6HJIO .u.a ce JJ.Onpe HJIH )I.a ce)J.He Ha 3eMHTa, Ha qepraTa HJIH po-
ro3KaTa. TaKa na3HT )J.OKpaH, JJ.O)J.eTO ce CB'bpllIH o6pe,U.'bT.
. ByJil{HHCKHTe H3KHTH 3HMaT OT 6yJIKH, O:>KeHeHH npea 3HMaTa.
BcHKa ..6YJIKa ,lJ.aBa CH HaKHTHTe c rOJIHMa OXOTa, AOPH H CaMa rH
npe.zviara, 38I.1l0TO 3a TaH 6yJIKa MHOro JJ.06pe 6HJIO C HaKHTHTe H .u.a ce
KH'J'.H EHHTa. KaTO 6-b,u.e rOTOBa EHHTa, MOMaTa, KO51TO 51 ,U.'bp.>KaJia B no-
JiaT-a cH, me cTaHe, me xeatte 3a noHca EHHTa H Ille H JJ.Hrtte Ha paMeHe-
Te cH. Bet1e EHHTa HJIH EHhOBaTa 6yn51 e roToBa H HatIHHHT necmne H
o6HKOJIKHTe.
B A0Ma Ha EHH'ra. KaTo .IJ.HrHe iia paMeHeTe CH EHHTa, MOMaTa
w.e H3Jle3He H3 K'bI.nH H Ille ce cnpe B .IJ.BOpa. TyK TH w.e 60.u.e o6Kp'b.>KeHa
OT .n.pyrHTe TPH MOMH. llpyrHTe MOMH,KOHTO Ille neHT neCHHTe, CT0HT
Hape.n.eHH .n.ee no .IJ.Be. llI.oM MOMaTa c EHHTa ce cnpe, MOMHTe necHo-
noHKl:l me H3neHT TPH neCHH, a B C'blllOTO BpeMe me o6HKOJIHT KomaTa
TPH n'hTH C EHHTa aae,u.HO, KaTO HrpaHT xopo.
ETo THH TPH neCHH, tIHHTO MeJIOJJ.HH ca HrpHBH.

Oii, opexo, OH MOH 6paTKol CpeAH Mope, KanHnope.

KaTo pacTellI no nJiaHHHa,
Ilo nJiaHHHa, HH3 a.n.paBHHa,
CnaHH JIH TH JIIOTa CJiaHa,
KaTO Mette pyca MOMa?
Pyca MOMa poceH 6paJia,
HHa pocetta aaaopBHJia,
3aB'bpBHJia, Il'bT 38TpHJia.
Ta cpemttaJia .n.sa. oaqapa,
Jlaa oaqapa, HJiyBapa.
re . XBaHaJIH pyca MOMa,
XBopJIHJIH .SI cpe.n.H Mope,
BHJia Pa.u.a HM ce MOJIH:
- OH OBtiapbO, 6paT .u.a MH CH,
CerHH C rera, H3BaJJ.H Me,
III.e Te .u.apH .u.o6pa .u.apa,
Jl.o6pa ,llapa, T'bHKa pH3-a,
ToHKa pHaa KonpHHeHa.
JI.Ba OBtJapa 0TroBapHT:
- MapH Pa.u.o, 6Hna PaP.ol
B1>B ropaTa 6paT He 6HBa,
BpaT ce xBallJ.a cpe.u.e ceno,
C.pe.u.H ··ceno, Ha Mer.u.aHH.
PEJIHI'H03HH OSHC/AH 659
.llpyra:

Ofl CTOHO, CTOHO, Ta rnynas11qKa:

rH)l.HHCKH CHHe! He aHae 5IHa .
He MH npeTHUafl B pa36ofl )I.a BJie3He,
5IHa 3a B0JI.a, B pa36ofl JI.a BJie3He,
l.le MH e 5IHa Ha cTaH )I.a ce)l.He,
Ome M'bHHqKa; .lla CH HaTKae
Ome M'bHHqKa, 4yKMaH H pH3a.
Ha c6opHHKa MH. CJiywaHH oT 6a6a Kami u A'bUJ.epH if MapHHa, c. K'b3'&K•
JIHCe, l('b3'bJiarattKO, 28 lOJIH 1898 r .

TpeTa:
Ofl 5}HH, 5}HH, 6pe CseTH 5}HH!
TporHaJI MH e 5}HH C KOJia 38 6HJie,
C KOJia 38 6HJie, 38 SIHbOBHqe,
3a HHbOBHqe, 3a KaMoMHqe.
Cpem.6a ro cpemaa 5IHhOBa MaflKa,
Ta CH Ha 5lm1 THXO rosopH: .
- OH 5IHH, 5IHH 6pe CaeTH 5I!IH,
BopHH ce, 5IHH, B'bpHH ce, cHHKo,
JI.pyrH 0THIIIJIH, o6paJIH ro ca,
06paJIH ro ca, B'hpHaJIH ca ce.

C.'lymaHa OT 6a6a .L{ecna, c. .L{epeMaxJie, K'b3'hJiaraqKo, npeceJieHa OT c.

BeitcaJI, ·onpHHCKO

TaH neceH, KaT0 H3neHT )1.0 Il0JI0BHHaTa, MOMaTa, KOHTO HOCH

EHbOBa oyJIH, Tp'brBa K'bM BpaTHHUaTa, Tai<a Ill.OTO .zr.o.zr.eTo SI CBopwaT
U.HJiata, Te ca cTHrHaJIH JI.0 n'hTH. Cera EHbOBaTa 6yJIH Hanpe.zr., a cne.zr.
He.H TpHTe M0MH, K0HT0 m.e H0CHT 6yJIHTa nope)l. 0K0JI0 HeH, a .zr.pyrHTe
M0MH, Hape)l.eHH )l.Be no )I.Be OT )1.BeTe CTpaHH,B'bpBHT H3 CeJIOTO H
neHT necHHTe H Hrpa.HT xopo. TporBaT Haii-Hanpe)l. K'bM H3T0K CJl'bHUe.
Tipe)l. caMaTa K'bllJ.a, HO B'hH Ha ll'bTH, me ~3neHT TaH neceH1tHUa,
K3TO HrpaHT:

IloneKa KJiena0:, xy6aBH 5IHH, ·

f.loneKa KJienafl, JI.a He· HanpamHm
Ha MaJIKHTe M0MH aJieHH npeCTHJIKH,
AJieHH npeCTHJIKH, 6eJIH poqeHHUH
11 T'bHKH pH3H C'bC CBHJleHH poKaBH.
CJiywaHa OT .llHMHTpa )l(eKoea, c. KoMapeeo, 19 IOJIH 1898 r .

B T0Ba BpeMe H npe3 BCHqK0T0 BpeMe Ha o6HKOJIKaTa, .zr.o.zr.eTo

MOMHTe neHT H HrpaHT,EHbOBaTa 6yJIH w.e Maxa c )l.'bJirHTe p'bKaBH Ha
, pH3aTa KaTO IlTHUa C KpHJieTe. "
 660
TporBaT H3 noTSI H neS1T:
I.
OH HeaHe, HeaHe,
HeaH 6alll-qo6aHel
KaTo CH oeqapHH,
l{eKa TH e CT8.l{O,
CTa.no H oeq8pH?
· HB8H oTroeapH:
- MapHH0, MapHHO,
TH cseTa MapHiiol
MoeTo e cTa.no
H8npelll e yeJieKJio,
Hanpelll e yeJieKJio'
CTa.no c oaqapH.
CnywaHa· OT 6a6a KaJU1 H J:l'bUJ,epH
IOJIII 1 8 98 r.
M8pH MapHHO, cseTa M8pHHOI
,UoMHa U8pHua Ha CJI'bHUe .nyM8:
- OH CJI'hHUe, CJl'hHUe,
SICHO
BHC0KOI
KaTo MH rpeelll SICHO BHC0KO,
51cHO BHCOKO, Ta HalllHpOKO,
,UaJIH He 3H8elll 6HJie 38 po*6a,
BHJie 3a po*6a, 3a KJieTo copue?
51cHOTO CJI'bHUe THXOM roaopH:
- 3HaH ro, 3HaH,· .il.oMHO uapHue,
Ma ro K3>1{8T MH0f0 .l{SJieKO,
MHoro .naJieKO H MHOfO CK'bno:
3a TOp6a JIJiaTHO IlJl8THO JieHeHO,
3a KHJI0 >l{HT0,,6SIJia nllleHHIJ.a.
Bqap ro 6epe, cTa.no .na K'hpMH,
,Ua HMa CTa.l{0 HrHeTa
51rHeTa Ill8pH H npHCH0 MJISIK0.
,UoMHa uapuua THX0M roeopH:
- Oii CJI'hHUe, CJI'hHUe, •sicHo
BHCOKO!
Ha6epil MH ro u .noHecH MH,
Ta .na ro eapH H .na ro nHH,
,UaH0 CH CT8H8 Il'bJIH8, Henpa3Ha.
AKo . ,ce .ll06He ·MoMH'le po:>1{68,
AKo e MOMHqe, xaJiaJI .na TH e;
A Ko e M0M1Je, xaJiaJI .lla MH e.
Ha6paJio CJI'hHUe 6HJ1e 3a po*6a,
K1, ro aa6paJio H ro aaaeJio,
~HMHT1,p MAPHHOB
II.
OH l{6MHO, L(OMHO, ·
,L{oMHo uapHuel
,UoMHo uapHue
H JiacToeHuel
npe.n ,UoMH8 HAe
Xy6aBH EHbO.
Ilo Hero B'bpBH
l{oMH8 U8PHU8.
no Hero B'bpBH,
no Hero XB'hpr8,
O6JI8UH Kapa
BeJIH qepeeHH.
ii MapHHa,c.K'b3'bKJIHce, l('b3'bnaraqKo,
Ta ro sapHJia .UoMHa uapuu.a,
Ta ro eapHJia H ro e nHJia,
Ta e cTaHaJia n'hJIHa, Henp33Ha.
H e .no6HJia M0MHlle po>K6a,
MoMHqe po*6a, ceeTa MapuHa.
r Jie.naJia ro e .neeeT roJJ.HHH,
OTB'hHKa npara He ro nycHaJia
.na H He BH.l{H HCH0T0 CJI'bHUe,
AKO MH SI BH.l{H, Ke SI OTHeMe.
lUoM e cTopHJia .n.eeeT ro.n.HHH.
KJienaJio KJiene paHo B He.zte.ru1.
To He 6HJIO 60:>Ke KJienaJio,
HoJio e 6HJia caMa 3MeHua,
CaMa 3MeHua, 3JI8TOKpHJIHUa,
Ta .n.a H3MaMH l{OMHa uapHua,
IIIapH, H3MaMHJia e .UoMHa uapHua,
Ha upoKBa Tp'hrHa,MapHH.H,Jl.yMa:
-MapH, MapHHO, xy6aea KepKO,
CHqKo B'bB K'bIIJ.H .na CH noqHCTHlll,
OTB'hHKa npara .na 1:1e H3JIH3alll,
.na He H3JIH3alll CMeTa )la XB'bpJIHlll,
l{a He H3JIH38Ill 38 B0JJ.8 ll.'
H.[lelll,
l{a He Te BH.l{H HCH0T0 CJI'hHUe.
lle Ko Te BH.l(H HcHoTo cJI'hHUe,
AKO Te BH,l(H, Ke Te y3eMe.
M8pHHHHHTe MHJIHHTe .llPY>KKH
Te ca Tp'hrHaJIH 38 BO.Ila .n' H,llaT,
PE.nHrH03HH OBH'IAH 661
3a Bo)].a .ll.' HAaT, MapHHa BHKaJIH: BoAa HaJIHJia H ce B'bpHana.
- Xaii)].e, MapHHo, 3a BOAa A' K'h H BHAHJIO HCHOTO CJI'bHUe,.
H)].eM! °Ta CH nocerHa OT CHHbOTO He6o,
MapHHa 3a6paBH MaiiqHHH AYMH, Ta cH H3AHrHa 6Hna Ma·p HHa,
MeHUH e 3eJia, Ha B0)).3 OTHllIJia, Ta SI H3)].HrHa B'bB CHHbO ee6o.
Cnywana OT;6a6a l(aJISI a Jl.'bll{epSI H M~pHHa,c. l('b31>KJIHCe, 28 IOJIH 1,898 r.

113 Il'bTH' KaTO CTHrHaT Ha MHCTO, K'b)].eTO HMa Kp'bCTOil'bT HJI'H

pa3)].pyM, MOMaTa, KOHTO HOCH Ha paMeHeTe CH 6yJIHT8, m.e ce)].He H
m.e TYPH 6yJIHTa a no.r1aTa CH, a ApyrHTe MOMH neHT H HrpaHT OKO-
JIO HeH.
KoraTo MOMaTa ce cnpe H caanH EHbOBaTa 6ynH, 3a_)I.a ce)].He c
HeH. l\·IOMHTe neHT:
CaaneTe 6ynH, )I.a CH noqilHH.
113AYJIH ii ca 6enHTe p'hue,
Tip'bCH8JJH H ca cpe6peHH rpHBHH.
CnywaHa OT C'hl.l.(aTa 6a6a l(anst.

KaTO ce)].He, MOMHTe HrpaHT OKOJIO HeH H neHT:

Tio-)].paro JIH TH e
BpaTeu Aa HHMallI?
BpaTeu Aa HHMallI,
JlH6e )I.a n106Hll1?
JlH6e Aa n106Hlll,
KHTK.a Aa )].aBallI?

Cnywana OT )Keqa Han&oea, c. Ilo11eec, 29 IOJIH 1898 r .

KaTO CB'bplllaT neCHHqKaTa, MOMaTa c EHbOBaTa 6ynKa CTaBa

1
H OTHOBO Tp'brBaT H3 TI'bTH . MoMHTe neHT H RrpaHT.

OH Enho, EHhO, EHbOBa 6ynKa!

Knenano KJiene paHo B He)].eJIH,
Pa)].a He 11yna, MaHKa ro 11yna_
.
MaHKa ro 11yna, Ha EHbO AYMa:
- 51 CTaHH, EHbO, H CTaHH, CHHKO,
lIH e npHna)].HaJia T'bMHa MH M'brJia,
Ta e noKpHJia HCHOTO He6o.
Cnywaaa OT· 6a6a CTost CHMonoea,6a6a CTana .5InaKHeBa,(Sa6a BenHqxa
CTaHKOBH~a. c. PycoKaCTpo, 28 IOHH 1898 r .

KaTO o6HK8JIHT H3 ceJIOTO, Te ce cnHpaT npH BCeKH KJia)].eHeU·

HJIH qeUIMa, me neHT necHH H me HrpaHT xopo. KaTo 06HKOJIHT UHJI0TO
ceJIO, me OTH)].aT Ha peKaTa H TyKa .I(Be OT MOMHTe, KOHTO HOCHT EHbO-
662 · P,HMH T'bP MAPl- fHOB

BaTa 6y.u1, m.e MHHaT 0TB'b,Z( peKaTa , a .npyrHT e .nae C EHbOBaTa 6yn.R
0CTaBaT 0TCaM. OTB'b)tHHTe M0MH w.e TIHTaT 0TCaMHHTe: ,,CHTa JIH m.e
6011e f0)tHHaTa?" Ha K0eTo EHbOBaTa 6yJUI w.e 0TfOBapH TIOJieKa:
,,CHTa" HJIH ,,He w.e 60.ne cHTa", KaKBOT0 eeqe H .noii.ne; Ho oTroeap H
caMH'IK a, 6e3 .na H Ka3Ba HHKOH Hew.o. AKo oTroeop H: ,,CnTa", .!lBeTe
MOMH H3BHKBaT BHC0K0: ,,lJVHTef CHTa w.e 60.ne f0)tHHaTa. "
Ilocne OTB'b)tHHTe MOMH 3a,naeaT nope.n B'bTip0CH 38 .>KHTO, HIIMHK,
uapeBH Ua, BHHO, npoco H ,np. 3eMHH npOH3Be.zteHHH TaKa: ,,IIJ.e HMa JIH
TI11eHHUa?", ,,llJ.e HM8 JIH fltIMeH? ",· ,,me HMa JIH BHHO?", ,,llJ.e HMa JIH
uapeBH Ua?", ,,me HM8JIH npoco? ", ,,me HM8 JIH cycaM? " H .ztp . nope.zr.,
K8T0 H3pe.>K,naT BCHllKHTe pacTeHHH, KOHTO ce o6pa6oT BaT B T8H MeCT-
HOCT. EHbOBaTa 6yJI.H w.e 0Troeap H Ha BC.HK0 TIHTaHe: ,,w.e HMa" HJIH
,,He w.e HMa .
" .
.

. Ha THH 0Tf0B0P H Hapo.ztHOT0 BHpBaHe .nae a roJIHMa B.Hpa H BCH1lKH•

Te ca y6e,neHH, 11e cnyqaifH HTe 0Tf0B0p H Ha EHbOBaTa 6yJI.SI ca BHpHo H
T0llH0 npe,ncKa3aHHe 38 60.new.oTO nno.nopo,nHe OT BCeKH po.zr. npOH3Be-
,neHHe, 33111.0T0 TH .0Troea pH no BHyIIIeHHe OT 6ora ;
B C. PycoKaCTpo, K8KTO H. B JloseHrpa,nCKO, OTHBaT no-.n.aJie11e;
T8M0 HCKaT .na Y3H8.HT Il0-T0llH 0 K8KB0 w.e 60.ne IlJI0.zt0p0,nHeTo no ueHa-
Ta Ha BCHK0e np0H3Be.neHHe, KaKBaT0 OT EHbOBaTa 6yJIH 60.ne noco-
qeHa. ,,llJ.e HMa JIH IllleHHU. a?" H K8TO OTfOBO pH: ,,me HMa" HJIH ,,He m.e
HMa", w.e ii sa~a,naT .non'bJIHHTeJieH Bonpoc : ,,KonKo napH me e nqe-
HHU.aTa ?"
Ha Toea EHbOBaTa 6yJIH w.e oTroeop H, KaKT0 ii .noH.ne, Hanp.:
,,IlqeHHU.aTa w.e 60.ne 60 rp. KHJIOTo!", ,,51tIMeH'bT w.e 60.ne 16 rp. KH-
JIOT0f" HJIH ,,BHHOTO w.e 60.ne 20 napH OKaTaf " H T. H.
KaTO CB'bpIIIaT TOH o6pe.n npH peKaTa , cera BCHllKH naK a pe.zr.
ine Tp'brHaT .na ce Bp'bI.IJ.8T 38 B K'bW.H Ha EHbOBaTa 6yJIH.
KaTo ce BP'hW.aT, w.e neHT .nonHaTa neceH, 6ea .na nrpaHT:
Ilpoqyn a ce e CHil8HHU.a, m»Jia .na Te C'bM npe60JIHJia,
rOJIHMaTa norpo3HHU.a. Ilpe60JISIJia, npe)KaJim1a.
Ko ce e 11yna, B ceno .noIIIna, OTroeap H T'bHKa EHa:
Y EHHHH KYH.ztHcaJia. -MapH Mane, cTapa MaHKo!
CHnaJIH ca BCHlJKH M0MH, AKo C'bM TH .no.neHJia,
CuqKH M0MH neTaa.necer, .llo.ne.sma, .ztoTerHaJia,
C T'bl{Ka EHa IIIecTHa.neceT. CTaHH paHo B'bB He.n.en.H,
CunaJIH ce, npe6oJieJIH, flpeMeHH Me, HaT'bKMH '. Me,
ToHKa EHa He npe6oJIH, Ilpeeop) KH Me c 11epeeH llYM6ep,
He npe60JI.H, He npeJie)Ka; HaMeTHH MH T'bHK0 6yno,
C .nBeTe 0llH ocnemIJia, YnoeH Me sa poKaTa,
C .neeTe YIIIH ornyIIIaJ ia. 3aee.nH Me Ha xopoTo.
Tiporoe apH EHH..Ha Maiixa: .sl .na yMpa, i .n.a nporne.n.aM,
-OH EHo, EHo, w.epKo Mo.si! .Ila CH BH.ztH MOHT0 nu6e,
KaTo CH aa6oJisma, saJie)KaJia, C KOH MoMa xopyTye a
,Ua 6eIIIe 6ape yrHH8Jia , 11 KOH MY KHTKa .naea.
PEJIHI'H03HH OEHl/AH 663

EHH MaHKa EHa cJiyrna, Ho npor Jie){a c ){BeTe oqH

CTaHa paHo B'bB He){eJIH, 11 npocJiyrna c .n.seTe yrnH,
IlpeMeHH H, HaThKMH H. Ta BH.ZI.HJia cBoH10 JIH0e
flpHB'bp3a H C aJieH qyMoep, C KOH MoMa xopyTyBa
HaMeTHa H
T'bHK0 oyJio, 11 KOff MY KHTKa ){aBa:
YJI0BH H 3a p1>KaTa, MoMa .•Pa.n.a KHTKa ){a Ba'
3aBe){e H Ha xopoTo, JlHoe KHTKa . He norJie)K)l.8,
51 ){a yMpe, H .n.a nporJie.n.a. Ho npH EHa CH .n.oTHqa
He YMPHJia 11>HKa EHa, 11 ua EHa xopyTyBa.
Cnywaua OT 6a6a Kami
KaTo ca ooHKOJIHJIH ceJioTo, HHBHTe, JI0351Ta HnoJieTo, Bp1>W.aT
ce naK a c1>w.aTa K:i,w.a, OT)l.eTo ca Tp1>rHaJIH . KaTo iwe3HaT B ABopa, •
w.e H3neHT C'blll.HTe TPH neCHH, KOHTO 6Hxa neJIH H npH TporBaHeTO CH,
H w.e o6HKOJIHT 0THOBO K'hlll.ina. nocJie TOBa MOMaTa, KOHTO HOCH EHb0-
BaTa 6yJIH, BJI:03~ B Kblll.H, IlOCJie)I.BaHa OT .n.pyrHTe MOMH, CH.II.a Ha no-
CTJiaHaTa aeqe IlOCTeJIKa H 3HMa EHhOBaTa 6yJIH B noJiaTa CH.
PHc • .N2 401 npe.n.cTaBJIHBa EHbOBaTa 6yJIH, KaK H HOCH MOMaTa H
.n.pyrHTe M0MH . TH e CHeTa B c. OpHXOBO, PyceHCKO, npeceJieHH H3
O.n.pHHCKO npe.n.H CTO f0)I.HHH.
C Toaa ce cBoprnaa nopBaTa 11acT Ha o6pe.n.a. CJte.n.Ba BTopaTa,
a HMeHH0 Jia)I.BaHeTo.
JI. a .II. B a H e. IlpH c~aT6aTa Jl3)1.BaHeTo HHKora e 3aMeCTB3JI0
·o6pe.n.a BeHqaBaHe, 33MeCTBaJIO roe H npe3 Te.>KKHTe ){HH Ha po6CTBOTO,
KOraTo 33 CBew.eHHKa CM'bpTTa e 6HJia Ha BCHKa CT'bIIKa - OT,l{eTO
e B1>Be.n.eH o6HqaHT, Ta BeHqaBaHeTo BCHKora e cTaBaJio .n.oMa H Beqep-
Ho BpeMe - rra 3aMeCTBa H )I.HeCKa B HHKOH pe.n.KH H Ba.>KHH cnyqKH.
Jla.n.Ba_H eTo rrpH cBaT6aTa C'bM orrHcaJI B )K. cTap., I I I, 117, na
me 60.n.e OTTHCaHO H B e)J.Ha OT H.II,eI.IJ,HTe KHHfH Ha MOHTe 'i'py.noBe.
Jla)J.BaHeTo, 33 KOeTO rOBOpH, ce B'bpllIH Ha Ho.B a fO)J.HHa, Ha Jla-
3apHHUa, Ha. reprbOB)l.eH H Ha EHhOB)l.eH H TyKa MOMHTe HaJiyqKBaT,
ra)J.aHT .n.a BH)J.HT, )I.a Il03H351T KaTO KaK'bB w.e 60)1.e TeXHHHT 60.n.ew. C'b-
npyr' a Be.II.HO C TOBa H THX'HOTO 60.n.ew.o 111.acTHe. TyK CJie)l.oBaTeJIHO
Jl3)1.BaHeTO e 6HJI o6pe.n. C r0JIHl\10 MHTHlleCKO 3HalleHile, B KOHTO MJ13,JI.H-
:re ce 06p1>w.aJIH c MOJI6a K'hM Jla.n.a, 6orHHH Ha JI1060BTa, Ha Cbnpy-
)KeCKHH )I.OMarneH .>KHBOT, )I.a HM IlOCOIIH KaTO KaK'bB w.e 0b)l.e TOH .>KHBOT.
TaH MOJI6a ce H3B'bpllIBaJia C'bC 3af?)J.KH, a npe)J.XO.>K)J.aJI e UHJI
o6pe){ OK0JIO BO)J.aTa, B KOHTO ca IlOToneHH npocTeHHre HJIH KHTKHTe.
KaKTo crroMeHax, TaH BO.II.a ce HOCH c oco6Ha uepeMOHHH, npH-
.n.py.>KeHa c necHH H HrpH, K0HTO TYK ca o6pe)I.HH. Bo,u.aTa )I.OHeceHa, TH
CTaBa OCBeTeHa H 'HOCH oco6HH H33B3HH51: . HeHCL'l.Hama, M'o.lll-taHa
'
eacuAeBcKa, u,Bemna, crrope)J. )I.HHTe, KoraTo cTaBa Jia,u.BaHeTo. Ka'io .n.oHe-'
caT BO)I.aTa, B He.ff ce ry.>K)J.aT KHTKHTe HJIH npoCTeHHTe , 3aKpHBa ce c
MecaJI HJIH p1>11eHHK (rnHpOK nernKHp) .ff ce OTHHCa B rpa)I.HHaTa no.n. TpeH-
.n.aq>HJI HJIH .n.pyro UBeTe, KOeTO HMa B rpa)I.HHaTa, H T3MO HOlll.yBa Ha
3Be3~HTe.
 664 JZHMHT 1,p MAPHHO B

Ha )lpyrHH )leff ce 3HMa orraMO C uepeMOHHH , BH8CH B K'bI.I.tH H

T'bH npH 3aKpHT Koren -4..a)lBaHeTO HaqHHH .
.TTa,naaHero Ha EHhOB,neH, ,nero ce H3Bopnrna 061-1qaHT EHI>oaa
6yJIH, crasa Herrocpe)lCTBeHo ae,nHara cJie,n caopnrnaHe ro Ha EH&oaa1a
6yJIH. A )lero HHMa TOH o6HqaH, Jia)lBaHero crasa rrpe)lH o6H)l no-paa-
llIKo, Be)lHara cJie.ll, HgBopurnaH ero Ha o5HqaH rrpoaHpaHe rrpe3 aeHeua.
TipH EHbOBaTa 6yJIH BO)laTa ce HO~H C'bl.UO KaKTO H npH )lpyrHre
cJiytiaH 01.Ue or aeqepra s 6HJI KoreJI H rosa craea c1>c cJie)lHara ue-
peMOHHH. MoMHTe I.Ue ce c1>6epar B K'hI.UaTa, OT)lero I.Ue H3Hecar Ha 'APY-
rHH Jl,eH EHbOBaTa 6yJIH, H TaMO BCHKa HOCH npIHOTBeHa KHTKa ;33
ce6e CH. Karo ce c1>6epar, scHKa 1..qe nycHe KHTKara B KoTeJia, I.I.te ro npe-
KpHHT c aJieHa KHuKaea (npecrHJIK a), me ro noHecar Ha peKara, qew-
Mara HJIH KJia,n:etteu.a, I.Ue Harr1>J1HHT M1>JiqaHa HJIH u.serosa BO.ll,a, me Hr-
paHT OKOJIO KOTeJia H C neCHH me ro fIOBopHaT. Korena HOCHT qerHpH
MOl\UI - THH, KOHTO Ha yrporo me · HOCHT EHbOBaTa 6y;rn.
TyK s Kol.UH me Bop.mar KpaHI.UaTa Ha npecrHJIKa ra, I.Ue rH npoe-
par npe3 e,n:Horo yxo Ha KoreJia, w.e ro 3aKmoqar c KJ11oq .l{a He 61t
HHKOH .n:a 6opKa B KOTeJia H T'bH 33KJIIOqeH ro OTHHCaT H CJiarar JIO,l(
Tpett,n:aq:mna .n:a HOI.Uyea.
Karo ca seqe csoplIIHJIH EHhOBa 6yn.SI HJIH npoeHpaHe ro npea
BeHeu.a, Jia,U.BaHeTO HaqHHH.
I1Ma e,n:Ha pa3HHU.a, KO.SITO Tp.SI6Ba .n:a ce H3T'bKHe. TipH Jia,l(BaHeTo
Ha Hosa fO,l(HHa, JlaaapHHU. a H feprbOB,U.eH 330.SIBKaTa , C KOHTO ce
o6pon.r.ar K'bM MOMHtieTO, KOeTO w.e Ba,U.H rrpocTeHHTe, e:
Oif Jla.n:o, Jla,l(o, MOMHtie MJia,n:o!
HJIH
Jla.n:o ro, Jla,l(o!,
a TY K aarr5IBKaTa e:
OH EHho, EHbO, EtthoBa 6yJIKa!
.llpynue n p H n e B K H ca C'bl.UHTe, KaKBHTO H Ha Hoea ro,U.HHa
H feprbOB,U.eH.
TTpH npHrreBKHTe HMa TO.>Ke xapaKrepH H pa3HHU.H: re ca Jl,Be.
I1Ma npi,meBKH, B KOHTO HMeHaTa Ha MOM'bKa H MOMaTa ca H3BeCTHH
Ha BCHlJKH H CaMO fH rrpI-msrnaT, K'bK'bBTO e cnyqaffT npH KYMHtfeHeTO,
Koero ce aas1>pll1Ba c npHrr.SIBaHe.
11Ma rrpHrreBKH, KOIITO ca ra,nareJIHH , T. e. a KOHTO CMHC'bJl'bT e
aJierop11qecKH H qpe3 KOHTO MOMara HCKa )la orra.n:ae KaKso w.e 61>,ne
HeHHOTO 61>.n:eI.UO n.r.acTHe, 38lll.OTO caMo OT M'b.>Ka H e 3aBHCeJIO, na H
)lHeCKa ,l(OHSiK'b,U.e 3aBHCH HeiiHOTO 61>,n:ew.o I.UaCTJle HJIH HeIIJ.BCTHe.
TaKHBa ca rrp11rreBKHTe ryK rrpH Jia,n:saHero .
I1Ma on.r.e e,n:Ha qepTa B TH.SI rrpHrreBKli, KOHTO cqHTaM 33 HY)l{HO
)la HST'bKHa. KaKTO lllapKHTe Ha IIHCaHHTe BeJIHK)leHCKH HHUa H ruap-
KHTe ~a KYMHU.HHHTe KOJiaU.H He MOraT ,na ce CXBaHaT, 331l{OTO TYH
3aBHCH OT sern.HHaTa,B)l'bXHOBem1ero Ha MOMaTa HJIH 6yJIKaTa,TaKa H TYK
 PE,RHI 'H03HH OBH'IA H 665
TH.ff npuneBKH ca HeyJIOBHMH~ T. e. He ca Remo ycTaHOBeHO, HO ce C'b3-
.na~aT C HMnp0BH33UHH, cnope,n B)1.'bXHOBeHHeTo MHHYTHO Ha necHO-
Il0HKHTe M0MH.
IlpHneBKH Te M0:>KeM ,na pa3)J.eJIHM Ha HHKOJIKO KaTerqpHH :_e.ll.,?H·
Te Il0Ka3BaT H3o6mo 3)1.paBe H qecT, ,npyrHTe - IlOJI0:>KeHHeTO C~MeHH0
Ha M0M'bKa, TpeTH - xapaKTepa Ha MOM'bKa, qeTB'bpTH - 3aHHTHeTO,
neTH - 3B3HHeTo, rnecTH - H3KJIIOqHTeJIHO IlOJIO:>KeHHe Ha M'b)Ka H
Ce.l{MH - BpeMeTo H MHCTOT0 iia O:>KeHBaHeT0 Ha MOMaTa. HHK'b)J.e
HSIMa HHKa.K'bB HaMeK Ha HHKOe JIHUe.
A3 me rH H3JI0>Ka T'bH no KaTeropHJf:

1. 06"-iO 30paBe u Clecm (K'bCMeT):

Ko.s1 e qecTHTa, KoH e qecTHTa,
~ Hanpe.it. ,na H3Jie3He, KneqKa .l(a xsaHe,
Ou EHbO, EHbO, EHbOBa 6ynH. Cpe6.po ,na cTaHe,
Oii EHbO, EHhO, · EHbOBa 6yJI.sr.
c. Me)J.eea ITaHarropHII le

KoH e qecTHTa, KoH e M0Ma _T'bHK0Kp'hcTa,

Ha CTOJI ,na ce,nH,· TH me HOCH KOB3H KOBaHeU.
Maeno ,na Kp'bTH (rpe6e), c. I(oMapeso, Ait:TocKo
CBeKpy ,na C'h.ll.H (T. e. TH ,l(a e
33IlOBe)1.HH K B K'bmH), KoH e q~cTHTa,
Oit: EHbO, EHbO. B Hosa K'hma,
Mna.l(a HesecTa.
ITaHar10pH1Ile
c. PycoKaCTpO
M3B3)1.H,EHbO,
3JiaTHa H6'bJIKa;
,lla BH.l{HM, EHbO,
Ko.s1 e qecTHTa.
c. ITo,1:taec
2. no✓zo::HCeHuemo· ceMefiHo:

a) Ca Me u s K 'h m H, 6 e 3 6 am a H Ma ii Ka:
CaMa KynHqKa Pyco 3aiiqe
Ha Kp'bcTon'hTH. Ha np'hTHHKa.
ITneeeHCKO C. I(OJIH6HTe, TpOHHCKO

Boco 3auqe TpH opexa

Ha Jia3ypKa. H ·a ·nonapa.
ra6pOBCKO c. Me)J.BeH " c. I(HDHJIOBO

Ha KaM'bK ce,n1-1,
B1>rnKH qyKa.
PyceHCKO
666 JiHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

6) E ,n; H H y Ma HK a H 6 a m a, H o 3 a M o >K e a:

CaM CH 3,n;paaKo CaM CH 3.npaBKo

Ha KaM'b11e. Ilpu 6.HJI KaM'bK.
c. Tp-..cTeHHK, DJieBeHcKo c. 6aJieaH, TbpHOBcKo

"B) M H o r o 6 p a T .H B K 'h m H, H o 6 e ,n; H H:

C'h,np aH 11ya aJI,

Il'hJIH C'bC 6'bJIXH.
c. BaJIBaH

r) M H O r O 6 p a T .H, H O :>K H B e .H T 3 a e .n H O H Ca
6 or a TH:
Bcpe.n. noJieTo
Kpyrna CTOJIOBaTa.
c. Tonnew, ra6poBCK0
3. 3aHRmuemo Ha .M0.M7'Ka ceACKo:
a) M o M 'b K 'b T m e 6 'b .n e 6 o r a T:
KoJIKO JIHCTe B ropaTa, f pHBHH .IJ.3BeKaT,
ToJIKO napH B KecJf.H. Tio,n B'b3fJlc:lBHH11KH.

c . .llee MorHJIH, PycencKo c. I(OJIH6H'ie, Tpo.HHCKO

KpacTaBa ryrna, KHpJIHBa na3Ba,

B'hpBH :>K'bJITHUH. )l(eJITH aJIT'bHH.
c. ionep, PyceHCKO c. Do.n.eec, KapHo6aTcKo

tiepHH rpornoa~ Y K011H.H ce.n.H,

B poroae Jie:>KaT. AJIT'bHH 6pO!i.
c. Meaeeu c. KoMapeBo, AuTocK o

6) M o M 'h K 'h T me e c ~ po M a x:
TpH opexa Boco 3af111e
Ha nonapa. Ha Jia3ypKH.
c. KH.DHJIOBO r. TonJiew

a) Mo M 'h K 'b T o p a 11:

I-fa ceJio H3JIH3a, nJl'bfa 6pe3Ha (6pes,na),
KorrpaJI.H ,n;p'bHKa. J1HCH 6HBOJIH.
C. Tp'bCTeHHK c. MeABeH
pE.RHI'H0 3HH OBH'IAH 667
TipeBH'.t' KpaBaH f OJISIMa HHBa,
Ha KonpallH, qecToM KynuH.
c. 6aJJB8H, T1tpHOBCKO
K'bca Tpaiiesa, M'hHHqKa HHBa,
f'bCTH KOM8TH. t.leCTOM Kp'bCTU.H.
c. ,Use MOTHJIH, PyceHCKO c. PycoKacTpo, Byprac KO

r) Qsqap H K03.ap:
;I]'bcTpa IlTH11Ka }. Ha CTOJI ·ce.n.H,
Ilo_n T'bpHH11Ka, Maeno sa.u.H.
,ll'b )K.l( H B3JIH, TeTeBeHcKo
TH He 6Hra.
PyceHcKo
TioBHT 6poWJISIH
Ha cTeHqywKa.
BollIKaB a ryHH c. TonJiew, Ta6poecK o
Ilo_n CTpSIXa CTOH.
c. Me.n.eeH

.n.) TI 11 e JI a p H H :
Koil e 11ecTHT, Ha TpoH JI.a ce.n.H ,
t.IecTHT 6epeKeTJIHH, IlqenH .n.a poe. .
c. PycoKacTpo, BypracK o

e) CBHHHPHH :

113 ceno H3JIH3a, CBHHCKa rnasa

CBHHeTe xyKa. B cHnacpa.
C. Tp'bCTeHBK TpoHHCKO

Ma3HO r'hpHe CBHHCKa rJiaBa

~ a rpo6Hma. BacHJieBa.
c. Me.n.eeH C. l(OJJH6HTe

)IC) r OB e )I. a p:
MJie11eHH KJieqKH
B 6HJI 6aKpa11 cTOSIT.
c. Me,n.eeH

3) Bo.n,eHH1I ap:
KHTKa nnaaa
J13 Sl3 B'b3 Sl3.
c. TonJiew
668 JlHMHT'bP MAPHHO

u) K u p a A JK H H:

Jl1,JI ra TpeBa CKpo6yK naMyK

.llo ,nyHasa. flpeg DJiaHHH8 •
"TpOSIH Tposre

CaMap cKpHnTH Ep6asa KoJia,

Ilpe3 DJI3HHH3. JIHCH 6HBOJIH.
,c. Tonnem c. PycoKacTpo

K) C e JI c K H n 'b .ll a p:
TionapeH neTeJI
Ha ceJio 6Hra.
T1,p HOBCKO

n) r a ii A a p·!

Il pea CeJIO B'bpBH Ko3a Bpeu{H

0 .ztpaHo Tene. Ilpe3 .IJ.'b6pasa.
c. Tp1»CTeHHK c. Me.[leeH

llp aHa Kpasa

no none pese.
c. .llee MorHnH

4. I'paiJCKU 3aHRllUlR. •

a) .n )K e JI e D H H , C.0 B a T q H H:

Koii: e 11ecTHT, Ha KOH ,l{a ce.ztH,

lJecTHT H 6epeKeTJIHH: CTa.zto )(a Kapa.
c. PycoKacTpo

6) T 'b p r O B e u., .I{ y K HHA )IC H H:

Ha AYKHH ce.1:tH, AJieHo q>peHqe

)K'bJITHU.H TerJIH. Ha AYKHH ce.zr.e.
c. Tp1»CTe HHK c-. MeAeee
pEJTHI'H03HH 05Hf/A H 669
I-fa JlYKHH XOJlH, A.neHo xpeH11e
JiemHHUH qynH. Ha )lyreH U'bq>TH.
c. IOnep, PyceHcKo C, l<:HITHJJOBO

AJieHO q>peHtJe AJieHo epeH'lle

Ha JlyreH U'bq>TH. Ha )lyreH 11.'bq>TH.
c. Ilo)l.eec c. K:oMapeeo

B) Tep 3 H H:

3Jia THH HO>KHtJKH Ha HrJIHUa

Ilo Jl B'b3r JI aB HH'll KH. BeqepHua:
c. ~p'bCTeHHK, ITJieee HCKO c. K:oJIH6HTe, Tpo.HHC K 0

TipHBHJia ce 6p'bllIJIHHHUa, CKpHil HO~H'llKH

BpoIIIJHIHHII.a Ha HrJIHU.a. ITo.rr. KoJieHu.e.
C, 6aJIB3H c. Tio)leec

r) BoHJl>KHH:

Ha JlYKHH ce)lH, CHHhO cyKHo

KonpHHa TerJIH. IJ.eoJia K'bpnH.
c. Tp1,c re HHK Tpo~rn

,ll.'bJira nop>KHHa,
YBHTa C KOilpHHa.
c. 10nep, Pyceucxo

.n) 3 JI a T a p H H:

Ilo He6o q>'b pKa KenaBH y.urn:,

3JiaTo, cpe6opue. 3JI3THH MHHfYIIIH.
c. T p'bcTeHHK C, l<:HnHJIOBO

e) ti ex JI a p H .H:

,ll.ee ce HrJIH
Bo)lOM 6o)lHT.
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:>1<) .lI. y JI r e p H a:

XJionoM, TponoM Jlona, Tpona

Ilo K'bW.aTa. TIO K'bW.aTa.
c. Me,AeeH c. Ilo,lleec
670 J!HM HT'h P MAP HHO

3) K p 'b q Ma p:
. llepse Ho BHHo, Ha cToJI ce.ztH,
I~oKJieHa 11awa. KocpH .ztnp>KH~
-c. Tonnew Tpo.RH

BJu1ssa, H3JIH3Ba.
BHHO TOtlH.
:PyceH cKo ·

H) K aT p a H A >K H SI:

'llepHH rapBaHH
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K) Ko a a q:
liFKPH HCKaqaT · <l>p'bKHa HCKpa
lfa KyseHqKa. Ms K}'MHHJI.
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~) pH 6 a pH H:
MoKp H raµi.H
Ha cTpHxa BHCSIT.
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M) rH M H A :>K H H:

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Ha ,Uyeaa ·nnasa .
~- MeABeH

H) n pa Ma Tap H H (MaHH!pa'KTypa.zt>KHff):
1.JepBeH JISICTOp,
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c. MeABeH

. 0) r y p 6 e T q H H:
Tipes Aon 6Hra,
BpnBH CTHr a.
c. Ilo_ttaec
 67.1
P E ·n H I' H O 3 H H O .6 H l/ A H

5. 3eaHue:

a) X a A .>K R ~:

TI0T1>p 6RJIO ce · YTerHa xa MH

O.
I..(HJIOT O ceJI_ ,lle6eJIH rpHMHH.
c. .Me.11.ueu c. Me.11.seu

6) Ce JI c K H KM e T:

3naTa TOHra illapeH a TOHra

.J13 ceJIO XO,[(H. I-fa ceno XOJ(H.
TopHOBCKO TeTeseH

B) TI on:
113 qepKBa XOJ(H, KnoH 6ocHneK
CHH-3e JieH KHHTHl ll BnaqH. qepKsa MeTe. ·
TTJieBeHCKO c. Me)J.BeH~ c. KHnHJIOBO

KoqH Ko .>KH Csem.H cseTHT

llepKoB a MeTaT. Tio Bee none.
c. TonJiew Tp.OHH

KHTKa 6ocHne K
1,fa ceno XOAH.
c. 6ansaH, TopHOBCKO

r) ,Ua c Kan (np Hcnoc o6e Ho ce r a H 3a Ho B oT o 3 aa-

HH e ceJICK H nHcap ):
Ha cTon ce)lH, Ha cron ce)lH, .
TiepoM IlHllle. Ilepo .n.np.>KH.
c. Tonnew c. Ilo.ztsec

6HJIO KHHJKe,
llepHo cnoso.
c. Me.ztseH

Jl) K JI H cap H H, en H T p o n:
Ms qepKBa xo.ztH,
TanHpH TpaKa.
PyceHCKO .
672 J!HMHT'l,P MAPHHOB

6. XapaKmepa Ha AWM7'Ka:

a) X y 6 a B e u.: 6) K p o T 'b K, xpucu M:

Cuso He6o, THxa BOJJ.a
SlcHH ~Be3JJ.H. IloJJ. K'bM'b'lle.
c. · Tonnew c. Tonnew

B) 3 'b JI, C 'b p )I. H T: r) n a JI H q (K o ii T o ~ ·e

n a JI H):
Tie11eHH KHCeJIHU.H rpa6Ha rJiaBHHTa,
Ha cTp'bHHI.Ue. PorHa ua MaXJiaTa.
c. Tonnew c. PycoKacTpo

.Zl) Il H ff H H U. a:

J13 )llOKHH H3JIH38,

Ha cTpora ro HOCHT.
c. Tp'bCTeHHK

MoKpH rainH
Ha B'b3rJiaBHHU.a.
c. MeA_BeH

7. H SKAJO'lUmeAHO nOA.03/CeHue .Ha M7'3!Ca:

a) X a ii JJ. y T H H:

Ha BOJJ.a 6Hra, Kpau .IlyHaB 6Hra~

ll.opByJI CTHra. ll.'hPBYJIH cT.srra.
IlneeeHCKO PyceHCKO

U.o payJI cT.srra, ITyIIIKa rp'bMHa

Boa JI.OJI 6Hra. Ilpea JJ.o6pasa.
c. T onnew, c. B anBa H c. Me.zteea
H c . KununoBO, Tposrn

6) B JI. o a e u.:
BexTa KpHHa, -I lperbpHJI ry6ep,
Hoao JJ.'hHO. IloJieH . c JJ.eua.
c. BanBaH, T'bpHOBCKO, c. Me.ztBeH
PyceHcxo, c. Me.rtBeH, c. KunHJIOBO

IloJIOBHH 6JIIOJJ.O
Ha cTeHa sucu. 88
Te-reeeae •
88 ETO TYK noxasea npOHSBOJIHOTO HS06peTSIB8He Ha npsnesxare. Ta.11
npHDHBKa e seMeHa OT raT8HK8Ta sa YXOTO.
PE.Rl:.f, I'JI03HH OBH'lAH ·678
8. BpeMemo, Koea U¥ ce o31CeHu, u MRcmomo, K7Jae ~e omuae:·

a) C K o _p o w. e c e o :>K e H H: .

rpHBHHTe 3B'bHKaT 3pHJia JI.YJIH, He,ZI.03pHJia,'

70
Ilo Tpane3a. · lJ.ollIJIO apeMe .P.a ce OTKHHe.
c. Tom1em PyceHCKO

llIHTa K'hpna, He,n.onrnTa, lllHTa pHaa, _HeJJ.onJH·Ta:,

11.omJio apeMe ,n.a ce ynrne. Ha apaTHHqKa oaeceHa.
PyceucKo Tposrn

6) lU e Il p H C T a H e:
JlanHa rJiaBHH, )K'bJITO 6yJio
B»raii y KOMlllHH. TpecKH c6Hpa.
PyceHCKO Tpo,rn.

Kytie 6Hra, Ill1ua pHaa, He,n.oi..qHTa,

UopByJI BJiaqH. Ha BJ>~THHKa npHKa11eHa.
c. Me.i:tBeH c. ITo,!\Bec ·

a) H a ,n. a JI eq e w. ·e c e 0 .>Ke H H:

)K'bJITO (>yJio qepBeHo 6yJic;>

Ilpes noJie xa1>pKa. Tipea f(OJie X_B'bpK~.
c. TouJiew, fa6poacxo, PyceucJ(.9
c. 6aJiaa·u" T'bpHoecxo

)Ke.TITO 6yJIO AJieHo 6yJio

I1pe3 noJie TpenTH. ·npe3 IlOJie TpenTH.
c. Me.i:teeu c •. I<oMapeeo

r) lU e C e O .>K e H H 3 a ~ 0 M Ill H H T a:

)Ke.nTa py.>Ka Tipea nJieT rJiaBH.SI,

Ilpes nJiet rJie4a_. Ta B C'bC'bHa. 7 ~
c. Tonnew c. Me)tseH

70 MJJaAa me ce o»<eHH.
71 C'l>C'l>H e HMe Ha ropCKO .UBeTe C'lJHKOmKa, K8KTO ce Hap1111a B 3ana)tea
fr1,nrapHS1.
43
 674 J( H M H T 1> P M A P -H HO B

·)l) me 3 e M e, K O r ,0 T O H C ·K a:
3pRJia ~ynst, He~ospRna,
lle-ro inRJia, TaM ria~Hana.
c •. Ilo.ztee~

'e)~·CT a p a m. e c e o >K e H H:

3peRna ~ynH
11 npe3peRna ~•
Tpo.RH
)IC) ·c KO p 0 )K·e H H X JI HT e II.{'e ~ 0 ii~ a T:
KoHe c-i-pRxa KoHe poceH
_OrpHsaxa. · Orpifsaxa.
c. Me.zteeH '!POSIH

. 9. KaKBa K.7'~081tu4a ~ - 6-r,ae ca.Mama . Mo.Ma:

a) M ·o M a T a ' m. e 6 'b i!: e M p 'b c H a:

Kos. e MoMa conoJIHBa,

HeAHa e 11op6a no,l(6pnKaHa. 72
PyceHCKO

6) M 'b p a e JI _H B a:
KoR e M0Ma )l'bJira pH3a,
. HeiiHa Korn.a e noMeTeHa.
PyceHcKo

s) M o M a T a me H 3 JI e 3 e H e q ec T H a:

Cpei!: naaapa Kyna ceHo,

Koif KaK MHHe, 0TK'bCHe CH .
PyceHcKo

r) Ille 6 'b ,l( e 6 e 3 )le T K H H a:

HHcKa K'hW.a,
BHCOKH nparose.
PyceHcKo
!

71 Ille no.zt6'bpKaa ct.c conona ca

.PEJ1HI'H 03HH 05H 1/AH 67/J
· IlpHrreBKHTe, KaKTO rH H3JI0>KHX, 110K33·BaT H CMexopHH. Toaa
Il0K33Ba,qe TO~ o6Hqau OT o6pe){ ce H3pa>K){a H 113P0AHJI eeqe; HHKOra
'THR CMernHH npHneBKH ca JIHIICBaJIH, a C'b3){3){eH11 ca 0TTI0CJie OT pa3-
.Jlfft{HH neCH0TIOHKH, K0HT0 ca rJie){aJIH JieK-o Ha o6HqaH.
IlOBTapHM ){3 Ka>Ka, qe npHrreBKHTe He ca H3qepnaHH, 3an.r.OTO ca
'HeyJIOBHMH. 11Ma Aocera o6Hapo.neaHH MHoro. (C6HY, III, 44;
V,J, 20; VII, 122;· IX, 31. Bopxy JiaABaHeTo C'bM rrHcaJI a ,,ITpeMHH Ha
·B . Tiporpec", 1895 r .)
Ka.To CBopwaT Jia){BaHeTo, cTaBa MoMaTa c EHhOBaTa 6yJIH,
-CKpHBa SI B CTaH H TaM0 0THHCaT K0TeJia C. UBeT0BaTa B0){a H B K0pH-
"TO H 0K'bllBaT. Tou 0K'bIIaHa H o6JietieHa e · ApyrH - HeHHHTe CH
~pexH, .naaaT H Ha MaHKa H.
C Toaa ce ce1>pwaa EHHTa.
O6HqaHT EHH, EHbO, EHbOBa 6yJIH H 51Hh0B0 6yJie,KaKTO crro-
MeHax H B HallaJI0TO, cpen.r.Hax B TpaKHH, H TO B ceaepOEi3TOqHHH Kpafr:
'fiypracKo, XacKoBcKo, qacT OT CTapo3aropck o, 51M6oJicKo, AuTocKo,
KapHo6aTcKo , Ko3'bJiaraqKo H qacT B IllyMeHcKo. O6aqe He BC'HK'bAe
-CTaBa e,l{HaKB0.
B c. MeABeH, KoTJieHcKo, HMa EHH, HO TH ce rrpaBH MaJIK0 110-
·Httall:e.EHHTa e o6JieqeHa B CTapli .u.pexH H H3BCHK'b){e e HaKHTeHa C
2-IOPAYK,T. e. BCHKaKBH useTH. B poueTe CH Abp>KH 110 e){HH CTp'bK K0-
npHBa, KOt°ITO Il0CT0HHH0 Maxa, ){O){eTo B'bpBHT 113 ceJIOT0. HocHT H ){Be
M0MH Ha paMeHeTe CH; 3a6yJieHa e C 6.HJIO 11JI8THO. XOAHT Ha MaHaCTHpa_
.,,Ce. TpoHua". B c. Pmn, BaiipaMAepe, .MapK0B11a If AP· (scHllKH npe-
-ceneHH HHKora H3 TpaKHHCKO) . HMaJI0 e EHH, HO 0T){aBHa e 3ara3eH
TOH o6H'la.H. HMa o6aqe 6a6H, K0HTO H ){HecKa Il0MHHT o6HtJaH MH0r0
~o6pe, a TaK~ con.r.o H rrecHHTe, KaKT0 e cnytJaHT c 6a6a )KeKa Bailoaa,
oa6a Myrna )KeneacKa H 6a6a ITeHa )lHMHTpHua OT c . Pmn.
B c . TioABec HatJHHHT ){a npaBHT EHH ){Be HeAeJIH npeAH EHbOB-
)J.eH H H3Jlt{33T TpH Il'bTH no IIOJieTo; I1'bpBHH TI'bT B He){eJIHTa, KOHT0
CT0H .nee He){eJIH rrpe){H EHbOB){eH; BT0pH.H Il'bT e,l{Ha He){eJIH rrpeAH
EHbOB.Z(eH, a TpeTH.SI Il'bT Ha caMHH ,l{eH,
B c. ,UoJIHO Op.Hxoao, PyceHcKo, To>Ke cpen.r.Hax EH.H, A0PH OT -ra-
"MO e H rrpe.ncTaeeHaTa pHcyHKa, cHeTa B 1889 r., Ho TYH ceno e rrpe-
,ceneHo HHKora rrpe3 BpeMe Ha pycKo-TypcKHT e BOHHH K3 TpaKHHCK0-
O.npHHCK0. .
B 6HTOJI.H H.Ma Ha EHbOBJ{eH EHH, HO cTaBaJio B c1>B1>prneHo .npy-
ra q><>pMa.MoMHtJeTaTa X0){eJIH no qernMHTe H rreeJIH neCHH, HO HaMe-
CTO MOMHqe 6yJIH Te H0CeJIH e10.M (6aKopeHa CTOMHa}, yKp'aceH " KaT0
·6yJIK8, H TOH rlOM e)lH0 M0MHtJe H0CeJio Ha rJiaBaTa CH. . .
B c. lll11nKa, Ka3aHJI'bIIIKo, HMaJio EH&o HHKora, aa6yneH H
HaKHTeH C KHTKH, KoroT0 HOCHJIH 0K0JI0 ceJioT0 H 110 IT0Jie:ro, HO TOH
o6H.qaH oT.nasHa H3qe3HaJI. Ba6a JloHa Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa H 6a6a [(aHa
TieHbOBHUa, JKeHH seqe no Ha 60-70 r . , IT0MHHT KaTo M0MHlJ:eTa ,
«ie e HM3JI0 EHbO, HO Te He 3HaHT HH e){Ha OT rreCHHTe .
B Jioaettrpa.ncKo e HMaJio EHhoso 6yJie oT.nasHa. On11caH11e Ha
 676 " H M H T 7, P M A P JI H, 0 B .

. TOH o6Hqaif OT caMH.H rpaJJ. HHe cpew.aMe B ,,qHT3JJHm.e", 6p. 16, 30

cenT. 1874 r. ·
3 H a 11 eH H e H a E H b .o T o. HaBc.HKoJJ.e, KoJJ.eTo CDm.e-
CTByBa TOH 06H11aH, MH Ka3axa, 11e TOH ce npaBciI 3a 6epeKeT, 3a D.JI.0-
JJ.9POJJ.He H 3a 3JJ.p.aBe,T. e. )ta 60.ne 3ana3eHO CeJIOTO OT JJOlIIH C>OJJecTH.
BHpBa ce, 11e B TYH ceJio, ·JJ.eTo e neHHO EHbO H o6HKaJJSJHo c He:ro,
6oJieCTH He HJJ.BaJIH. Como H B noJieTO H HHBHTe rpaJJ. He 6He.n, a
6pOJJ.HHUH H )KHTOMa~HHUH He MoraT .na o6HpaT nJio.na Ha HHBHTe,
HH MJIHKOTO no JJ.06HToKa. (Bopxy EHbO C'bM nHcaJI B HEM, 14-20.}
OT .n e JI H H o 6 H q a H H a -E H h o B JJ. e H. B c. T OJI.h0BU.H
0CBeH pa3JIH1IHHTe .npyrH 6HJIKH -6epaT H 3)1.paseu, H TO H3CKy6:aaT C
KopeHHTe TOJIKOBa CTpoKa, KOJIK0T0 JI.YlllH HMa B K'bW.H; TH.ff CTp'bK0Be
3a60.zv1T (sacaJJ.HT) B CTpHXaTa Ha rpe,naTa H rJie)J.aT: KOH CTp'bK m.e II0-
Kapa, a KOH He. qHHTO CTp'bK noKapa, TOH w.e 60.ne npe3 f0JI.HHai'a
HaH-3.npaB.
B c. Epet(HH, OpHXOBCKO, TOH .neH Me:>KJI.Y .npyrHTe 6HJIKH 6epaT
H TpeBaTa, Hape11eHa Mem/lUl{a,Ta OT He.ff npaBHT MeTJIH,C KOHTO MeTaT
0KOJIO orHHIIJ.eTO. THH MeTJIH OT EHbOBJI.eH na3HT K'bIIJ.aTa OT 6oJiecTH
H 3JIH HaBen1.
B C. .TlecH.npeH TOH .neH o6RKaJIHT HHBHTe, Ta 3HMa:r KJI&ceu. H ro
BHaCHT B K'bIIJ.1:1 33 6epeKeT.
B c. TypcK1:1 TpocTeHHK cpew.y EHhOBJI.eH OTK'bcBaT 6oiJw1
(MarapernKo TpoHe) H ro ocTaBHT Ha rpe.naTa. ~Ko ce pasaHe, )lo6po.e;
aKO H3C'bXHe - JIOllIO. .
B CTpyra TOH _.neH cTaBaT MHoro paoo,npe.nH ow.e .na H3rpee CJI'hH-
ueTo, Ta KoraTo 1:1srpHBa, .na ce . orne.nirnT B Hero. Mo:mano qoBeK
JI.a ce orne.naa y CJI'bHUeTo.AKo ce BHJI.R UHJI c rJiaBaTa - me ·:mHBee
.no .npyra rOJI.l}Ha; BHJI.H JI'H ce 6e3 rJiaBaTa- caMo Tpyn, osHatiaaano ►
11e ome Ta.H r o.nHHa w.e yMpe. (CpB. C6H-Y, IV, 93.)
B C. CeMHC11e 6a6HTe TOH .neH 6epaT HeBeH ~ .npyr H Tp~BH, Ta
KaJI.HT JJ.eu.aTa. KoiiTo 0T6:0pa, TOH K'hUa TOH .neH HHhOBKa H )lpyrK
TpeBKH.
B OxpHJI. BHpBaT, qe TOH )J.eH HrpaeJio CJl'bHUeTo. l13H3CHT )lpe-
XHTe, pasnpoCTHpa'i rH )J,a rH BHJI.H CJl'bHUeTo.Ha TOH .n.eH C'bfoipaT
HeaHb0-1,{-BeKe H ro TYPHT B caHJI.'hUHTe : OT MOJIUH . HaaHho-uBeKe
·(eHbOBKa) U'bq>TH CHHH U'BeTOBUH H MHPJ-Illle· xv6aao. (Cps. C6HY,.
XVl- :?(VII, 34.) , . · .
B p o JI. H H u H, :>K HT o M a M H H u H. To3H .nett ceJIHHHTe
ce MHOfO 60HT OT :>KeHH MarbOCHHUH, Hape11eHH 6poiJHUl{U HJIH xumo-
MllMHU~U, KOHTO XOJI.HT no IlOJleTo HOW.HO BpeMe H o6HpaT •IlJI0)J.a
Ha HHBHTe, Ta rQ np~HaCHT B HHBHTe Ha .npyro ceno. .
O6paHaTa HHBa ce n03HaBa: TH CTaBa MoplllaBa, KJiacoBeTe Hal!H-
HHT .n.a T'bMHeHT H CTaBaT npa3HH H. JieKH. Ha _Tpeaa e BHC0Ka, HQ 1,ma-
C'bT e npa3eH. HanpOTHB, Heo6paHaTa HHBa e TJl'bCTa,KJiaCOBeTe Te~-
KH, Il'bJIHH H Ha6'b6HaJIH.
BoB BCHKO ceJio 3Ha.HT KOH 6aoH ce 3aHHMaBaT C MarHH, Ta _sa-
p ·E R if I' H O 3 H H O B H g A H

TOBa Ha ceJICKH_Te Il'b.ztapH ce BMeHHBa B .ll.JJ'b}l{HOCT orn.e OT BeqepTa .na

o6iiKaJIHT HHBHTe, oco6eHo y IlOTaHHO BpeMe, H OTK'bM Me1K)J.HTe c .npy-
rHTe C'b~e)J.HH ceJia, .na He 6H HHKOH 6po.ztHHUa OT THH ceJia .na npec-
KQqH H o6epe HHBHTe.
AB ceJIO, KOHTO ca MarhOCHHU.H, TIOBH°KBaT B o6rn.HHaTa H 3a6pa-
H.HBaT HM Ta.H HOlll. .na He H3JIH3aT HaHHK'b)J.e, HO )(a CTOHT y .l{OMa.
Cnope.n pa3Ka3HTe Ha BcHqKH 6a6H H cTapH xopa 6po'AHHUaTa
o6Hpana HHBHTe no TOH HaqHH. )KeHaTa MarhOCHHUa r.ue OTH)J.e y IIOJie-
TO ome OT aeqepTa, 6e3 )I.a H BH)J.H HHKOH, H r.ue 3eMe C'bC ce6e CH Kpo-
-CHO rono H JI'b1K1u1,a. KaTo ce cTeMHH xy6aBo, TH ce c1>6Jieqe roJia-
roJIHuiaaa, rn.e B'b3Ce.ztHe KpocHoTo, r.ue 3a6o)J.e y aa.iI.HHKa .lI.P'h1KKaTa
Ha Jl'b}l{HUaTa H KaTO HaCT'bilH IlOTafitta )I.06a, r.ue o6HKOJill HHBHTe,
KOHTO HMa .na o6Hpa, .no TPH TI'bTH . TiocJie r.ue ce cnpe, r.ue H3B8.ll.H JJ'b-
JKHUaTa OT 38.l{HHKa H me H TYPH B ycTaTa, H naK ~e .H ry)I.H B 3~)1.HHKa.
{Toaa Jie YTB1>p:>K)J.aBaT BcHqKH; BH.ll.H ce, TO e npHTypetto OT npe3pe:.
HHe.) CeTHe r.ue aacTaHe rrpe)J. HHSHTe, r.ue HanpaBH HHKaK'bB 3H8K H
me Ka:>Ke· ,,TyK JIH cH, EHhol IIJ.o Me He nHTaIII,3ar.uo c1>M )J.omna? 73
Ha TOBa fUITaHe U.HJiaTa HHSa ce npeKJiaHH,CaMO tfllpRm Ha HUBama
CTOH rrpaa.(l(ap Ha HHSaTa ce KaasaT OHHH CTp'bKose,KOHTO HMaT )J.Ba-
TPH KJiaca, T. e. e)J.HO 3'bpHO e 6paKRCaAO, H3Kapano )J.Ba-TpH CTp'bKa.)
Cera 6po)J.HHUaTa Haraaaa y HHSaTa H oTK"hCBa KJiacoaeTe Ha uapH H
rH 3HMa C'bC ce6e CH. AKO o6Hpa lIY>l<)J.H HHBH aapa)J.H CBOHTa, TH OTHBa,
Ta rH XB"hpra y CBOHTa HI-IBa; aKO JIH o6Hpa,HHBHTe Ha e.l{HO ceJIO aapa)J.H
HHBHTe Ha .npyro- ceJIO,TH OTHBa, Ta XB'bpra KJiaCOBeTe B HHBHTe Ha
Jl:pyroTO ceJio. C TOSa HHBaTa e o6paHa, IlJIO,lI.'bT e B3eMeH H KoraTO ce
BnpIIIe, He MO:>Ke )I.a ce H3Kapa HHI.UO.
HHK'b.l{e Il'bK HHKOH 6pOJI.HHUH CK'bTSaT THH Kll8COBe H Kora 61>ne
y s1>pIIIHT0a, XBbpraT rH y apMaHa. OT MaJIKO CHorre H3KapBa ce MHoro
)KHTO,KoraTO B .IJ.pyrHTe CHOileTo MHOfO, a :>KHTO HIU.UO, H3JIH3a caMO
Ha cnaMa. (Cps : )K. cTap . , I, 179; C6HY, V, 118.)

H) TI e T p o B JI. e H, 29 · IOHH
qepKoBeH rrpa3HHK: Cs. arrocToJI IleTbp, HapeqeH
B1>px.oseH ano~Ton,~paT Ha arrocToJia AHnpeH II CRH ·:AoHHH. Toi% 611JI
pa1IlbHaT Ha KpbCT B PHM c rnasaTa Ha)J.OJIY BbB BpeMe Ha HepoHa
B _ 61· r. en . Xp11cTa.
Hapo.neH ·rrpa3HRK: flempoeaen
TOH )J.eH no cenaTa HM8T c6opose. ToH .l{eH HOC.HT _KOJiaq B qepK -
Ba, 11pH.IJ.py:>KeH c H61>JIKH, HapeqeHH nempoeKu R6?JA!tu, KOHTO caer.ueHH-

73 8 1885 r. B c . MeTKOBeU e,l{Ha TaKaBa 6pO.l{HHUa, KaTo BHKHana : ,,TyK JIH

<::H, EHbOI lll.o Me He nHTaw, 3au(o C'bM ,11;owna?"- cKpHTHTe B HHBaTa no.l(apn ce
H3npaBHJIH H Ka3aJIH : ,,TyKa cMe.HHe 3HaeM, 3a~o CH .l{0WJia ." XeaHaJIH H H 8
'TOBa~ caM0~HBCK0 o6neKJIO c Kp0CH0T0 H 0TBeJIH e ceJI0T0.
678 Jl H M H T 'b P M A P H H o. B

K'bT K8)1H, H OT THX c~ pa3H3CH. ,no TOH )J.eH He ce H,llaT H6'bJIKH, a.

CJie.u. K3TO CH paaHeCaT OT H6'bJiKHTe, H)J.3T. '
B c. Tonnew >KeHa, KOHTO HMa yMpHJIO )J.eTe, He .si)J.e H6'bJJKH JJ,o
TieTpOB)l.eH. ToH )J.eH CH pa3H3CH H Hall:HHH )1.3 H)J.e H6'bJIKH .
. ToH )J.eH OTrOBHBaT OT neTpOBHTe TIOCTH .
KoJIHT mu1eTa, Hape11eHH ne17J,p06u nuAema, oT,neTo e H .npHKaa-
KaTa: ,,KaTo npace no KoJie)J.a,KaTo arHe no reprbOB~eH, KaTo nHJie
no TieTpoa)J.eH."

H Auu1tcKu Mecetf, I' opetuHBl{ ume, JOJI H

a) C ~- :B p .a 11 H, I JOJIH

qepKoBeH npa3HHK: Ca. Be3cpe6peHHI.Uf Koa~a

H .UaMHHH, nocTpa)J.aJIH 3a XpHcTa B PHM .
Hapo)J.eH npa3HHK: Ceemu Bpa'l.oee, Ceemu Bpa'l.u
' BcHllKHTe Bpat1KH, 6aHllKH, npaBHJIUH H ,ll.pyrH, KOHTO ce 38H.HMa-.
B3T C Hapo,u.HaTa Me.ztHUHHa, T. e. KOHTO JieKyBaT 6HJIO qpe3 6aHHe, 6H-
JIO 11.p es 6HJIKH H Bpa)KaHe, 6HJIO qpe3 H3npaBHHe H3K'bJI.JieHo H npaae-
He cqyneHa KOCT, TOH )J.eH ro HM3T 33 CBOH npa3HHK. Ha TOH )l.eH BCH'q-
KHTe BpaqKH H 6aH:cJKH H3H3CHT tta6paHHTe Ha EHbOB)J.eH 6HJIKH H ru
copTHpyaaT,T. e . pa3npe,neJISlT rH KOH 6HJIKa 3a KaKBa 6oJiecT ce yno-
Tpe6HB~. (pa6a MapHH, c. TiemaKbOH.) · .

· 6) JI e T H H c B. A T a H a c, 5 JOJI H

qepKoBeH npa3HHK: Tipeno)J.06HH ATaHacuu AToH-

cKH.
Hapo)J.eH npa3HHK: JlemHU CB. Ama1tacu, Cpeo ARmo, )1(7,meap
Ha TOH )l.eH ca.ATaHacH ce 06Jn111a B KO)KYX H ce CTHra aa aHMa.
ToH ,u.eH H3MHB3T HJIH, 33M33B3T Kp'bBTa I_IO CTeHaTa, ,neTO e np'bC-
KaJia OT reprbOBCKOTQ: artte, KoraTO ca ro KJl3JIH. ToH o6HtfaH, K8KTO
ce noco11H no-rope, HMa B TipecJia~c.i<o B ceJiaTa: PHm, ·saiipaM,nepe
H ·)J.p. _ .
'TOH )J.eH ce Ka3Ba om.e H )l('bTBap,33W.OTO o6HKHOBeHO OT TOSI ,neR
ce. HallHHH )K'bTBa, 381.UOTO )KHTOTO e Belle yapSIJIO.

B) TI p O K O Il H, fl 11 e JI a. p, 8 lOJI H

qepKOBeH npa3HHK: CB. BeJIHKOM'blleHHK npo-

KOilHH; nocne roJieMH M'bKH aa X p1-1c1 a 6HJI nocet1eH B'hB apeMe Ha
.llHOKJieTHaHa a 282 r •
. Hapo)l.eH npa3HHK: fl poKonu, CBeTeu H TIOKpOBHTeJI Ha ntteJI»Te,
satoaa ce Ka3Ba ome H fl'leAap. · ·
TOH ,IJ.eH BCHtIKH ceJIHHH, KOHTO HMaT KomepH' . w.e OMeC.ffT J).Ba
P E · .JI H•. I' H O 3 H H O 6 H 'I A H 67·9
o6pteAHH •XJIH6a7'~oT KOHTO eAHHHT e 6ozoeu14a, a )J.pyrHHT e ceeme14- 3a.
CB. TipoKOilH, H npe)l.H .i(a e H3rpeHJIO CJl'bHUeTO,T.e. npe)l.H .u.a - ca -H3-
Jie3HaJIH fflleJIHTe OT KOIIlepHIII,aTa CH, OTHaCHT rH B nqeJIHHHTe, K3)1.HT
_XJIH6oae,:e, a nocne, KaTo rH HaMa:>KaT c Me.A, pa3HacHT rH no Ko-
MlllHHTe .
B JloMcKo npeJI.H 50-100 r . B TPH cena: MeTKOBeu, BnJIKOBa
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rp1>MOTeBHU,a,s·aTOBa THff TPH J{HH npa3HHU.H ce )lapHqaT om.e Bn1,c1,1(R,

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THSI TPH ,ll.HH npa3.HyBaT OT or'bH. i-Iaii-cTporo npa3HyBaT n1>pBHH

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B c. MnrJIHIII, B seMJIHW.eTo M'hrJIHmKo, HMa KJia,rr.eHeu, HapeqeH
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oJIH30 ,rr.o TI'bTH nocpe,rr.cTBOM nutuyp,ca HJIH nuwyp - )J.'bJiro, H3)J.'bJI6aHo
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UJ,aCTHH C K0Jia, K0He H TI'bTHHUH, Ta 0TTaMO TYH MHCT0 e ·cTaHaJio
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MecTHOCT; CTapoT0 H83B8HHe ce pH,lI.KO qyBa, 38W.OT0 e H ra,rr.Ho.
. TTpHMepH OT 3anaJiBaHe CHone npe3 Te3H )1.HH Ha JIIQ)l.e, K0HT0 ca
pa60THJIH, a3 C'bM H3JIO}KHJI B )K. CTap . , I, 181. ·.

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paikKHTe BpaTa'~, a CB . . 11JIHIO:

Ila,nHaJIH MY ce JieTHH ropMoTeBH;

Tia,nnaJHI MY ce JieTHH TpecKaBHUH:
.Ila CH JieTH no,n Cl'.f HbOTO He6o,
JI.a cu JieTif c'bc T'hMHHTe o6JI auH;
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B C6HY, 11, 26; III, 35

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a XJIH6bT B N2 406 - KOAG.K 3a ce. H AUfl. Mecuna rH 6a6a IleHa Pac~
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76 [ Xn.s16'bT
B puc. N!! 406 e Meceu B c. Kosap BeJielre.]
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(C6HY, XI, 8!J.) HHKora, KoraTo ca KJiaJIH.neTeJia, KJiaJIH ca ro Ha.
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OrroaapH 60.>Ka MaHK~: . Toii OTKJIIOtIHJI 4epHo Mope,
- 51 ce BopHH, caeTa MapHiio, Ta 3aBeHJI XJia)J.eH BeTpeu
Ta . CH HJlH Ha3a)J. B KoI.IJ.H, H 3apocHJI P.pe6eH •Jlo.>KJleu. ..
Ta cH aaeMH 6JI10)1.o TpHlllCH,
Hs c6opHKKa MH. Cpe. eapHaHT a C6HY, ~V. 11 ·
 684 Ji H M- H_ T 1, P M A P H .H O B ·

BHpBa ce, qe aKo Ha TOH J{eH npor'hpMH, TO HHMa ,na HMa opexH
H nemHHU.H, T. e. me 6'b){aT BCHllKH mynJIH, KYXH. OT'raMO e _H npHKa3-
1CaT~: ,,tJecTHTH KaTo CB. MnHH B opexH H Jiel1IHHIJ.H."

e) CB. M ·a p H H, 22 JOJIH
1IepKOBeH npa3HHK: CB. MapHH Mar,naJIHHa paBHO-
-3IlOCTOJIKa; 6Hna poAOM OT rp~.na Mar){aJia, CHpHH, OTAeTo HOCH H
npHKopa Mar){aJIHHa: OT . HeH Heye H3n'hAHJI - ce,neM 6ecoBe. IloCJJe
. lf3U.eJieHHeTo TH CTaHaJia peBHOCTHa noc.iJe){OBaTenKa Ha X pHCT~ H
nponoBe,nHHU.a Ha HeroBoTo yqeHHe. TH n'hpBa e on6BecTHJia B'h3Kpe-
ceHHeTo X pHcToBo, kaTo BHAHJia X pHcTa B rpa,nHHata, ,neTo 6Hn
ndrpe6aH. TiponoBH,nBaJia e eaaHrenHeTo e MacaJIHH H nocne c·e B'hpHana
.B Eq>ec, ,neTo ce HacTaHHJia npH ·ca. :AoaHa BorocnoBa. TR noqHHana
· H 6Hna norpe6aHa B C'hIIJ.aTa nem.epa, AeTo no npe,naHHeTo 6HnH no- -
rpe6aHH H cs.., Ce,neM oTpou.H. ·
HapoAeH npa3HHK: G_e. MapUR, cecTpa Ha CB. MnHH; npa3HyBaT
.H OT rp'bM.
ToH AeH TH ce cTHrana ){a oTHAe B qepKBa. Hacpema H H,nen
,6paT ii ca. 11JIH.H H H nonHTaJI: ,,K1>,ne CH ce cTerHana?"
- .UnecKa MH e J{eHHT, Ta OTHBaM B qepKBa.
- Kol'a JIH me AOHAe MO.HT J{eHf - Ka3aJI CB. MnHH.
- TsoHT J{eH ce MHHa - OTB'hpHana ca. MapHSI, - TOH 6eme
rn3H J{eH.
- Ax, Aa 6Hx 3Haen, Ta Aa ce noBecenH.
BHpaaHeTo Hapo.U:Ho yTB'hP*AaBa, qe CB. 11JIHH CH He 3Haen -
1.eHH. AKO 6e111e ro 3Hae.rr,TOH m.erne ){a nory6H CBeTa C'bC CB0HTe M0JI-
HJUI, caeTKaBHU.H H TpecKaBHU.H. (Ba6a Mopcpa, c . .UepeKbOH, 6a6a
illotta Y3yH-HHKonosa, c. IllHnKa, 6a6a · ~'hp6a, c. PeceH, H .l{p.)

:>K) C B. TI a H Te JI e H, 27 IOJIH ·
1IepKoBeH npa3HHK: Ca. BeJIHKOM'bqeHIIK IlaHTe-
.neliMoH, poA0M OT HHKOMHAHH, nocTpa){aJI 3a X pHCTa B'hB BpeMe Ha
MaKcHMHJIHaHa B 296 r. BHJI naJieH c'bc cBew., XB'hpJieH B MopeTo,
HO OCTaHaJI Hespe){HM; XBbpratt Ha 3Bepoae, HO OCTaHaJI He3acerHaT:
TypraH B O'bllBa C fB03J{eH H T'bpKaJIHH, HO naK OCTaHaJI HeBpe){HM.
Haii-nocne 6HJJ noce1.1eH c H0.>1<. HaMecTo KpbB no-reKJI0 MJJHK0, a .
_,u;'bpBOT0, 33 i<oeTo 6HJI Bbp3aH, pa33eJieHHJIO ce, pa3JIHCTHno, U.'hq>-
tta.11'O H J{aJid IlJIQJ{.
HapoAeH npa3~HK: CB. llaHmeAerl n"6mHuK HJIH HapeqeH ome
Boaefl n
aHmeAerl. .
Opa3HyBa ce OT CHJIHH nopoH H HaB0){HeHHH.
ToH ,l{eH C'bIII.O npa3HyBaT BpallKHTe, 6a.HllKHTe H npaBHJIUHTe,
·3am.0To cs. TTaHTeJieHMOH 0HJI BeJIHK uepHTen Ha acHqKH 6oneCT~.
ToH .neH JISICT0BHU.HTe H III.'hpKOBeTe .ce C'b6Hj)aT H CH OTHB3T lla
aHM0BHIU~- lll'hpKoBe-re 0THBaT 3a CHHr.
PBJIH rH03H H OSHl/A H
68(>

AsrycT

~) M a K a s e A, ·1 asrycT
1-lepKoseH npa3HHK : Cs. ce.zteM M'bqe'HHUH Ma-Ka-
BeH 6paTH, MaiiKa HM ConoMOHH.SI .H 6aw.a HM Enea3ep .
Hapo.zteH npa3HHK : _Ma!CQeeu .
ToH npa3HHK ce cqHTa 12 ~HH, T. e. Tpae OT I .ZJ.O 12 aBrycT.
Il'bpBHH T .zteH ce npa3Hys a, a Ha1i-MHOro OT .>KeHHTe,. ..zta He H!4
ce ,,H)J.aT" np1>CTHTe, KoraTO npe.ztaT. TOH .zteH, Il'bpBHHT MaKaBeH ,
·nHKora e HMa.no TaK'bB .o6Htiaii.
. BCHtlKHTe ·3eTbOBe w.e ce C'b6epaT B )lOMa Ha CBO.SI T'bCT (ne.:na)
H TaMo ru row.asaT . Cne.zt yrow.eHHeTo Haii-cTap HHT 3eT w.e 3eMe npH-
roTBeHHH aeqe TYJIYM H C Hero w.e roHH .zta 6He .n.pyrHTe ca no-MJI8)1.H
.OT Hero 6a.zt.>KaHaUH. Toii rH r0HH, a Te 6.HraT H3 llIHp0KOTO ryMHO Ha
3a~pyta Ta. To.SI o6HtJaii ce npaseJI .l(a 6'b.ztaT oBUHTe, KpaBHTe H K06H-
JiliTe IlJIO)J.OBHTH. O6aqe· npaBH ce H 38 CM.SIX H •Bece.n6a .
.llHeCKa TO.SI o6HtiaH e Ha H3qe3saHe·. C'bW.eCTByna caMO TyK-TaM
no cenaTa.
Ilpes ·Ma1Cll8eilme c~ecTey ea .ztpyr o6Httaii, KOHTO ce B'bpnui H
)lHecKa ~aBC.SIK'b)J.e H · KOHTO ~TOH B TSICHa Bp'b3Ka C iiapo.ztHa Ta 3eMJie-
)leJI'lleCKa M_ e reoponor Hsi. Taira. _12-Te MaxaeeH ca ttapeqeHH Ha 12-
Te Meceua npea ro.n.HHaTa.TI'hp~lti{T MaKaeei i e HapeqeH Ha cenTeMBPH~
BT0pHHT - Ha OKTOMBpH; TpeTH.SI'F - Ha H0eMBpH, tieTB'bpT_ H.SIT _ . ·tta
.zteKeMBpH, neTHHT - Ha HHyapH, m~CTH.SIT - H? cpespyap H H__T'bH no-
pei:t, ~ KoiiTo pe.n. aerycT e .n.eaHa.n.ec~Tll.SIT MaKaeei i H Meceu. HaTepec -
iio TYK e HBJieHHeTo,qe KaKTO H B HapO)J.H'ij.SI_- pa6yI11-KaJieH.n.ap~n'bpBHHT
Meceu ce HatIHH.SI oT ceI1TeMBpH. ·
Cer,;1 rJie)J.aT H 6eJie:>KaT KaKB0 e 6HJIO BpeMeTo Ha Il'bpBHH, BT0-
pHH, TpeTH.ff H T. H. MaKaBeH:' JJ.~JIH CJI'bHUe e Xf6aBO, HJIH KHIIl0BHTO H
o6naHH0 , HJIH Il'bK aeTp0ijHT0. KaKBOTo e 6~JIQ speMeTo 1-Ja e)l.H-Koii
cH MaKase ii, Hap0JJ.HOTo BHpi3aHe YTB'bp.>K.l(aBa,qe"f~Kosa m.e 61,.zte ape-
MeTo H. npes ueJtH.SI oTrosap.su.1~ Meceu. A Tosa e Ba)f{Ho. KaKTo 33 3eM-
neJJ.eneua, TaKa H 38 nacTHp.SI cen.SIHHH. . :
B1>B Benec rne.l(aT H 6ene.>KaT speMeTo caMo npes"uiec TTe MaKa-
B~H, T. e. OT 1 )1.0 6 asrycT; ,l(aJIH w.e e H~Hd, MbfJIHB(),_ "A1>:>K)l.eJIHBO,
BeTp0BHT0 H np.: B.SipBa ce, qe '1_'8K0Ba w.e 61>)1.e BpeMeTo H npe3 Ha-
pe11eHHTe Meceu.H,rrpea U..SIJiaTa 3HMa OT OKTOMBpH .zto Map1'. · (C6HY,
XI, 85.) .
8 Pynqoc Il'bpB~.SIT jf.eH ce K83Ba Eeyc; npasttyB a1' ro B qecT
Ha 0M>H.ff H BbJIKa. KoHTO pa60TH Ha TOH )l.eH, Hap0JJ.H0T0 BHpBaue YT-
B1>p]K)la Ba, ge HJIH K'bIIJ.8Ta My w.e H9r0pH,HJIH B'bJIKbT w.e H3HJJ.e HHl<OK
.zto6wnK. (C6HY, VIU, 138.) .
.6 86 P.HMHToP M , A -PH- .~ .OB

6) n p e o 6 pa )Ke H e,Ilpeo6pa)KeHHe rocno.n;He,

6 aarycT
.IT.o TOH .n;eH He aKycaaT rpo3.n;e. ToH .u.eH me ce
-OTHece rpo3.ll,e a t1epKaa H cne.u. KaTo ce ot1eTe H npeKa.U.H OT cnemeHHKa,
pa3HaCHT CH no K'hmH'te H Toraaa R.n;a_T rpo3.n;e.
Ilpe.n;H .u.a y3pee rpoa.n;eTo, yapHBaT K'hTIHHHTe; 06at1e H~Koii He
6Haa .u.a 3o6e K'hTIHHH, npe.n;H .u.a e ao6an rpoa.n;e, 3am0To Hapo.n;HoTo
BHpBaHe YTB'bp)K)J;aBa, "qe K'bilHHHTe ca rpo3.n;e )J;HBOJICKO . .il.HnOJl'bT e
·C'b3,D;aJI K'bilHHaTa B npOTHBH0CT Ha rp03,D;eTO, C'b3)I.8)J.eHO OT 6ora.
11.HBOJl'b.T npaBH, Ta K'hTIHHHTe Y3PHBaT no-paHO OT rpo3)I.eTO H C TOBa
npen'hCTHBa xopaTa .u.a H,D;aT K'hTIHHH npe.n;H•rpoa.n;e H no TOH HatIHH .u.a
CTaHaT HerOBH. ETo 3amo Hapo,n;HOTO EHpBaHe 3a6paHHBa .u.a ce H,n;aT .
KbilHHH npe.n;H rpo3.n;e.
Bba Benec Hapo.n;HoTo BHpBaHe YTB'hp)K,n;aaa, qe cpemy Tipeo-
·6pa>KettHe npe3 HOI.qTa Ha He6eTo ce _.HBH_Bana H OTBap.Hna 60J1Cama
epama: Toraaa ce oTeap.Hno He6eTo H caM foc;no.u. ce .HBHBan. Ha apaTa-
·Ta. Kof1To tIOBeK e npaae.n;eH, TOH MO>Kan .u.a BH.U.H THH apaTa H ~ noH-
cKa, rocno.I( MY .u.asaJI. 3aToBa MaHK.HTe KaHHT .n;eu.aTa .u.a He cnHT,
'HO .u.a ca 6y,n;HH H .u.a rne.ll,aT y iie6eTO, Ta .n;a .BH.U.HT, K0raT0 ce 0TBapHT
·apaTa 6o)KH,H .u.a ce M0JI.HT .u.a HM ·no.n;apH rocno.u. 6oraTCTBO. (C6HY,
XI, 85:)
TaKoBa BHpBaHe C'bI.qeCTByBa H .u.pyra.u.e, o6atie, K8KT0 ce Ka3a
no-rope,Tosa cTasa Ha BoroHaJieHHe; cpew.y TOH .u.eH He cnHT H rne-
..u.aT, KoraT0 ce OTBOpHT He6eCHHTe BpaTa .u.a ITOHCKaT OT {fora 6oraT-
CTB0, macn:i:e H .u.pyrH .n.o6pHHH. ,
B Axoptiene6HHCKO, a C. TieTKOBO, TOH .n;eH U..HJIOT0 HaceJieHHe ce
C'b6Hpa Ha C'h6op .u.o IlOMalllKHH MetIHT H .u.o rpo6HI.qaTa H HrpaHT xopo.
ToH .n;eH KaT0 Kyp6aH BCeKH y6Haa no e.ZUiH Kornep (nqeJIH), B3eMa
Me.n;a, HOCH ro npH non a se.n;Ho c KOJiaK H cne.u. KaTo ro otieTe H ocaeTH,
JIOMHT TOH KOJiaK H pa3)laBaT Ha C'b6paHI-iTe, KaT0 npe.n;aapHTeJIH0 ce
Tontte KoMaTtieTo a Me.na. (C6HY, XIII, 24) .

a) r on HMa 6 o r o p o .u. H u a, 15 asrycT

t.JepKoaeH npa3HHK: YcneHHe TipecseTaH Boro-
po.u.Hua
Hapo.n;eH npa3HHK: I'o;z11.Ma Eoeopooul{O,
06m npa3HHK. OTroBHBaT OT nocmume 6oeopoau,mu, K0HTO noc-
TH a KpaToacKo, Kpuaa TianaHKa, KyMaHOBCKo, KotiaHe H U.HJI0T0 Qaqo
none HapHtiaT f/KuMoBu nocmu a qecT Ha ca. :AoaKHM OcoroacKH, e.n;HH
OT tieTHpHMaTa 6oJirapcKH npeno.n;o6HH 0TU.H: :AoaH PHJICKH, raapHHJI
JlecHOBCKH, Tipoxop TirnHHCKH H :AoaKHM Oco"rOBCKH, K0HT0 ca npo-
<:HHJIH ece B e.n;Ho apeMe, X CToJieTue, B BonrapHH.
B c. Uepoaa KopHH, TopHoBcKo, Tofl .n;eH npa3HyaaT 3a 3,n;paae
Ha BOJIOBeTe, KOHTO BnpHraT - TYH,KOeTo npa3HyBaT no .u.pyrHTe
 P . E JI, H I' H O 3 H H O B H l./ A H 687
_Kpam.na Ha BJiaCOB,IJ.eH, 11 q>eapy~pH.MecHT KpaaauqeTa TaKHBa,Kai<-
'BHTO ce MeCHT ,npyra,ne Ha BJiacoa,neH; H cy'i'pHHTa paHO rH pa3,Il.8B8T
·no C'bCe)J.HTe, KaTo K83B8T: ,,Ha 38 rocno,IJ.H H 38 BOJICKO 3,npase!"_,
HJIH HHKOH: ,,Ha 3a rocno,nsi H 3a qffcpqHii:cKo- 3,npaeel"
• B Ax'bpqeJie6HiicKo, c. TTeTKOBO, TOH .neH HapHqaT I'oAJtMa 1,(£-
pKBa 1:1 npa3HyaaT ro Hew.o KaTo c6op. BcHKa K'bur.a e ,IJ.JI'b.>KHa ,na 3a-.
KOJIH Kyp6au no e,nHo arue, KaKTO Ha_ reprboa,neH. TToHe.>Ke cseur.e-
HHK'bT He MO>Ke ,na OTH,ne B'bB· BCHKa K'bllJ.8 )la 6JiarocJIOBH H oqeTe
Tyii arHe, TOH 3HMa e,nHa T9p6a COJI H H oqHTa; OT TaH COJI 3HM8 BCHKa
K'bW.a H c HeH COJIHT arHeTo, KoraTO ur.e ro neKat. TToCJie o6H,n, OKOJIO
IIJl8)J.He, w.e ce C'b6epaT TpH-qeTHpH )J.OM8KHHCTB8 Hae,IJ.HO H ur.e ce qe-
pKyBaT. Ille 3anaJIHT csei.IJ. - npe.n HKOHaTa, -w.e Ka)lHT Tpane3aTa c
arHeTo H XJIH6oseTe, ur.e JIOMHT THH · XJIH6ose aa 3,npase. Ha Tpane3aTa
w.e HMa H Me)l. 11 IlOCJie CH)J.aT,-Ta H)J.aT Kyp6aHa . Ha cseur.eHHKa )laBaT
Ko>KaTa H .neeTe nJieIIJKH. (Cps. : C6HY, XIII, 24.)

r) C e ·K H o a e H e, 29 aerycT

-·· "1.JepKOBeH' npa3HHK: YceKHOBeHHe rJiaBaTa Ha CB.

npopoK H npe.zi.Teqa Aoaua KpocTHTMH.
Hapo~eH npa3HHK: CeKfiOBeHe, 06cui{,aHe, l.(71pH CB. loBaH
(Benec). ·
ToH .ne..u ce , ceKHe (celle) .nett H HOllJ. - CTaBaJIH paBHH, CTaBaT
·Beqe no-cTy)leH~; ce_KHe ce H so.naTa,cTaBa cTy,neHa . .llo TOH ,neH ce
K'bne a peKHTe, nocJie TOH .ne~ eeqe He 6Hea .na ce Kone, Jiorno e.
ToH ,neH 3~~H1_'e_,' ryur.epHTe H .npyrH -Bpe.nHH BJiellyrH ce npHoir-
pai- H 38MHHaBaT 3a 3HMOBHllJ.e TaM Ha KpaH CBSIT ,B neur.epaTa Ha 3MHH-
CKHH uap. .
ToH ,neH H caMOB· JIHTe,. caMO,llHBHTe, IO)lHTe, 3MeHOBeTe H 3MeH-
H
UHTe H .npyrH TSIM_TIO)lOOHH ,ZXHX_aHHSI ce npH6HpaT H 3aMHHaBaT B CBOH-
Te ,3HMOBHIII.8 ,:aMO Ha K.paH CBSIT. TioC'Jie C~KHOBeHe HSIMa HH 3MHH, HH
rvw.epH . HHMa HH caMo,nHBH, HH caMOBHJIH, HH IO)lH .
Tosi ,neH HHKOH H~ur.o He pa6oTH-. He _c a~o Ha TOH .neii ce He pa-
6oTH, Ho rJie.na ce B KOH .neH np~a ce,nMHUaTa ce na,nHaJI npa3HHK'bT:
,Aa.TIH B noHe)leJIHHK, BTOpHHK HJIH .npyr .neH - TOH )leH npe3 U.HJiaTa ro·-
,AHHa ce npaaHys.a, He pa6oT,.T >1<eH11Te, na He 61rna H .na ce HaqHHH
B TOH ,neH HHK8KBa pa6o1'a, 38llJ.OTO HSIM8JIO 'A8 6'b,IJ.e cnoJiyllJIHBa H51Ma
,Aa HMa .no61>p Kpaii. (6a6a .Mopcpa, c. LI.epeKbOH, 6a6a·,ll~na. c . ',llepe~
MaxJie, 6a6a Bop6a, c . PeceH, 6a6a .lloHa, c. lliHnKa, H .np.)
B c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKo, H1 B Tp~B.HeH~Ko TOH .neH .B He,neJIHTa,
npe3 KOATo ce na.nHaJI npaaHHK'bT CeKHOBeHe,npes _ro~HHaTa ro na-
~H'r, 381.l{OTO TOH .neH cTaHaJI .wm iJeH. (~a6a IleHa M11qesa, c. Ko:
-JIH6HTe.) .
- Bos Bene~, · e· KQHTO ,neH npea ce.nM1u.1,aTa ce na.nile U.opuiu1T
{OB_aH_, TOR ,IJ.eH" npe3 UHJiaTa fO)(HHa Ce II83R ,II.a Ce He KpOH HHKaKBa
 688 llHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

.npexa, 3am__oTo. aKo ce cKpoH TOH. .u.eH .npexa H ce o6neqe, w.e a HOCH
B 11epHHJIO, w.e 60.zI.~ Hew.acTeH. (CpB. -C6HY, XI, 85.)
ToH .u.eH ce He HJI.e qepHo rpoa.ne,HeTo ce nee qepaeHo BHHo;
6HJIO rp03)I.e H- 6HJIO BeH0 ce H)I.e H nee.

CenreMBpH

. npe3 TOH Meceu HM.a npa3HHUH, KOHTO ca qepKOBHK

H uapO.ZJ.HH, HO Ha KOHTO ce He B'bpmaT HH~aKBH peJIHfH03HH.06e11aH.
THH npa3HHµu ca:
a) Cs. CuMeon cm7J.ilnHttK, 1 cenTeMBpH
6) MaAKa Bo~opoiJutfa (Po}K)J.eCTBb dpecaeTaH Boropo~e.na).
8 cenTeMBpH
a) Kp7,cmosiJeH-, 14 cenTeMBpH
Ha 1-BH )I.eH a. HHKOH ceJia 6pVJIHT opexure.
Ha 14 cenTeMBpH HatJHHHT .ZJ.a 6epaT rp03)I.eTO, 0TT3,M0 TOR )teH
ce Kaaaa 2poaiJ06ep1tuK . .M3B'bpurnaT ce HHKOH o6uqaH. koHTO w.e 6'b.itaT
nocoqeHH npH rpo3.no6epa B 0T.ZJ.eJia 3eMne.u.e.11ue. ·

J/.uMumpoBCKU, ' Mecetf, 0KT0MBpH

a) r O C Il O .ZJ. H U 'b p ,K B a
'TC>Ba e e.Zl.HH_peJIHfH03eH o6eqaif,KO°ATO Ce H3B'bp•
-mBa, cne.n. -KaTO ce npHoepe BCHqKaTa JleTHHHa, T. e. KaTQ OB'bplllaT
cHonHTe, · KaTo o6epaT JI03HTa H u.apeBHUaTa. I'ocnoiJR tf7'pK8a craaa
Il'.l>PBHSIT .noHe.n.e.n:HHK npe.u.11 flemKOBiJeH. . .
rocno)I.H U'bpKBa He e .npyro, HO Kyp6aH, KOJIH ce CTapHHT ce.n-
CKH 6HK, aKO HMa TaK'bB; aKO JIH 6HK1>T e ow.e MJia)I., Toraaa C'b6Hpar
nape, ·Kyny:SaT O~HH H fH KOJIHT~ BHK'bT HJI~ OBHHT~ ce 38KO;IB8T Ha-
cpe.n. ceJto HJili Kpafl ceJioTo, ~~To .J!Ma_o6poqH_w.e, T: e .. TaMo, .it~To m.e-
·ce o6H.naa.
ToH ooHtJaH· e MHoro JI.peBeH; ·aHKora iie e· MO>KaJI .u.a ·M.eHe. 6e3
6HK, KoraTO Cera ce 38,zt.OBOJIHBaT C OBHH. _ Tofl C'bD.I.eCTyBa B U.HJia }13-
TO'IH.a TpaKHfl ·e -B O)1.pHHCKO; Hero ·c pem.Hax ~-B l13TOqHa 6'bJirapHH B-
,Uo6pHqKo, ·BaJiqu~Ko H CHJIHcTpelicKq, a .' TeH . ceJia, KOHTO ca
npeceJieHH OT 'TpaKHH ' H O)1.pHHCKO npe3 HHKOfallIHHTe pycKO-TypcKH
. BOHHH ~ . . . . .
_.B e: Oaa;t>KHK, XaKOBCK0, a~ ce ·Ha.Mepux Ha Ca'MHH o6peA e ero
J{8K MH ce npe.n.a.u.e TOH. .
6HK'h'f K0JIHT, aKo e eeqe ocTapHJI u TpH6Ba .na ee Kynyaa uoa;
KOJIHT ;ff 'MJl3)1. 6HK, a Ko .TOH 60)1.e CT0KaTa H .xopina. AKO HHMa 6~K,
To,rasa KOJIHT ·aon, a noKpaA Hero; aKo ce BH)I.H, qe HSIMa n.a CTHrHe
sa u11n0To ceJio, Toraaa KO~HT ome H 0BHH ..- Ka3aH'bT, B KOHTO ce t0'.1-·
BH 6HK'bT, · B0JI.'bT HJI'H 0BHHl'e~ e ,o6m.; CtiHTa :ce -Kato HMOT Ha qepKBa-
1'a H..ce na3H OT enHl'pooaTe ~epK0BHH. Bona H 0BHHTe K.ynysaT
p E Jl·H I' H O 3 H H O 5 H l/ A H 689
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ce na)la Ha qoaeK.
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ca .Il.OillJI H Ha 06potIHmeTo, Ta H Te )la H)laT. ·
nonoT npeKa)lBa KasaHa c ros6aTa H cJie)l TOBa C.H)laT )la H)la:r.
CH.Il.aT He Ha e.11Ha Tpane3a, a Ha rpynn HJIH" no MaXaJIH, HJIH no ce-
MeikTBa. ·
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JiaUHTe nonoT He pe}Ke, sa-roaa iie 3HMa 1-1 nopH3aHHUH. HanpaaaTa H
mapKHTe Ha KOJiaUJiTe ca npe)lCTaBeH.H a pHC. NQ 399. TaK'bB XJIH6
como MecH If 6a6a Pa)la ToHbOBa, c . Topi:loBo, XacKoBcKo_.

6) K o K o rn a u o p K B a, B o }I{ .n. y x
11
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nocJie csopruaatteTo Ha sc~Ka noJicKa pa6oTa, T. e . KoraTo ce OBopmee,
o6epaT Jl03HTa, uapeBHIIaTa, , cycaMHTe, aHaCOH'bT,naMyKoT, TYTY-
HHTe H np.
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0

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44
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ca Heroea }KepTea.
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Torasa 3HMaTa m.e 60.lle HanpeJl; aKo JIH IlbK ce o6JIH}Ke Ha cpeJlaTa,
Torasa Hacpe.rr. 3HMa W.HJIO ]la HMa roneMH CTYJtOBe. (Cps. C6HY,
XIII, 172 .)

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27 OKTOMBpH
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caMO CJie,n npeKa,nBaHeTO ce pa3qynBaT Ha KbCOBe. .
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noco11eHH B pHc. N!? 407 H 408. , .
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qepTaHHeTO MY H IIIapKHTe ce BH)KJJ.8T B npe,ncTaBeHaTa pHCYHKa ..
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6oeeTe, npe)l.CTaeeHH e pHC. N!? 409 H 410.
XJIH6bT B pHc . N!? 409, HapetJeH·ce. flernKa, HMa no,no611e Ha
XJIH6a, npe.n.cTaBeH a pHC. N!? 95.
XJIH6bT B pHc. N2 410, HapeqeH Pa11,2e11.0eo 61uoao, ce n1:1me c
npoccpopHHK H Hero me cpemHeM H npH CMbpT.
B c. lJHpeH, BpaqaHcKo, 6a6a EJieHa To,noposa MaHacposa Memt
XJIH6oBeTe, rrpe,ncTaseHH B puc . N2 4 I_1 H 412. .
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..N'2 412 - PaHZeAOBO 6A10ao.
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B JIOMCKO, caMo qe XJUI6'bT B pHC. N2 411 ce MeCH Ha caaT6a, a XJIH6'bT
B pHC. N2 412 ce MeCH Ha CMbpT. ,
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npe,ll.CTaBeH B pHC. N2 413, H PaHZeA080 6A10ao - XJIH6, IlO)l.06eH Ha
1'0K B pHC. N2 410.
B c. KHe.>Ka,O pHxoacKo,6 a6a CTOHHa TiaaJioaa, 6a6a BeJia TieT-
K0BHU.a H 6a6a PaiiKa fioTOBHU.a Mec11xa XJIH6oae,npe,ll.CTaBeHH ~ (>HC.
N2 413 H 414.
XJIH6'bT a pHc . N2 413 ce Ka3Ba ce. flemKa HJIH napaKAUC, a
XJIK6'bT a pHc. N2 414 ce 'Ka3Ba PaHzeAo8o 6A1000.
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Ta H MaparnKH TpncTeHHK .
B ceJiaTa TypcKH TpbcTeHHK H Bn6eJI, HHKonoJic Ko, H B
-c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Cam.II,oBcKo, cpeIII.ttax XJI H6oaeTe, ·npe)l.cTaBeHH B pHc.
J,fQ 415 H 416,
XJIH6bT B pHc. N2 415 e no,n.o6ett Ha XJIH6a B pHc. N2 29 H ce
Ka3Ba 60Z08Ul{a,a XJIH6'bT B .pHC. N2 416- ce Ka3Ba PaHzeAOBO 6A10ao.
B ceJiaTa BaJIBaH H Pecett, TbpHoBcKo , cpeIII.Hax xJIH6oaeTe,npeJ.l-
-cTaBeHH B pHC. N2 417 H 418.
XJIH6bT B pHc. N2 417, Hape11eH 60208 XAJL6 HJIH 60208a numa,
e no,n.o6eH Ha XJI.H6a B pHc. N2 42.-
XJIH6bT B pHc. N2 418 ce Hap1111a PaH2eA08 Kpaeau.
B c . raraJIH, PyceHcKo, H c. IOnep, TyTpaKaHc K6, MecHxa
XJI.H6oaeTe, npe,n.cTaBeHH B pHC. N2 419 H 420.
XJIH6bT B pHC. N2 419, HarnapeH C npoccpopHHK H TecTeBH JI'bK0-
.Be, ce Hap11tia 2ocnoobOB XAfl.6.
XJIH6bT B pHc. N2 420 ce HapH11a PaH2eAoB XAfl.6.
B c. ,[LeJIH IOcyq:>Ky10 cy, Llo6pHqKo ,6a6a He,n.a CTaHeaa MecH XJIH-
<>oaeTe, npe,u.cTaBeHH B pHc. N2 421 H 422. CbIII.HTe XJIH6oae MH
rviec11xa H B C. ApMyTJIH, C'.bIII.8Ta OKOJIHH.
XJIH6bT B p11c . N2 421 ce HapH11a 60200 XAfl6, a XJIH6bT a p11c .
.N2 422 - P a1-1,2eAoB XAR6.
B c . ,[LypaHK)'JiaK, BaJI1111rnKo, 6a6a Pyca AJITb-KoJi atIKa M.ecH
xnH6oaeTe , npe,n.cTaBeHH B pHc. N2 423 H 424 . -
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.N2 424, KOHTO e no,n.o6eH Ha XJIH6a B 1n1c. N2 44, ce Ka3Ba PaHzeA.
TaKHB8 XJIH6oae ce MeCHT H B c. CMH)l.OBO, ' TipecJiaBCKO.
B c. MaJIKa Kafrnap,n..>Ka, CHJIHcTpeHcKo, cpemHax XJIHooee,
"t.lHeT0 HaqepTaHHe H rnapKH ca npe,n.cTaBeHH B pHc. N2 425 H 426.
XJIH6bT B pnc. N2 425, HepeqeH KOAaK, e IlO)l.06eH Ha XJIH6a J;\
pHC. N2 331.
XJIH6bT B pHc . N2 426 ce HapH11·a Part2eAOB XAR.6.
 694 Ji H M H T 'b' P M A P ff. H_ Q B

THH C1>W.HTe XJIH6oae MH Mecijxa a c . KoHaK, EcKH.2:VKyMaifcKo;

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. ca CbW.HTe, KO'HTO ce MecHr Ha C JI y }K 6 a H . 0 6 p O K (ceJICKR
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3H.Ma nopH3aHHU.H. OT rJiaBaTa Ha OBeHa 3HMa caMO yxoT0 (.U.HCHOTO)
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ca·•npaaoTo Ha nona .
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HH .H H)J.aT, KaKTO ce OilHCa no-rope npH KoKOllla H rocno)J.H U.bpKBa.
· . B c . Uepoaa KopHH, ·TnpHOBCKo,- cpellI.y PaHrenoa.21.eH -~eqepTa
npH ·3a]'0.Z1. CJI'bHU.e Ha(i-CTapaTa .>KeHa B K'blll.aTa 3HMa JiaHHO, ,KaKTO
npaBHT B .21.pyrHTe ceJia Ha MHlllH_H~eH, paaMeceHo C MaJIKO KaJI , H Ma:me
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, ,,KaKBO.Ma}Kem,6a6o (MaHKO HJIH CTpHHa,cnope.21. pOJJ.CTBeH0T0 0THOIIIe- 0

1 HHe Ha }KeHaTa K'bM CTapaTa }KeHa)?" A TH 0Tf0B3pH: ,,Ma}Ka Ha )I.H Beqa

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,u.yMaTa ouoei/. ce pa36HpaT B'bJIU.H H MetlKH. Toaa ce IlOBTapH Ao TpH
Il'bTH. . ·
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He 0TB~pH H KpaKaTa JI.a He XOJJ.H ." ToBa ce IlOBTapH )J.O Tpu Il'bTH .

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•H yMp_ HJI . B _EpycaJIHM M'h11eHH11ecKH aa X pHcTa. ··
Hapo.21.eH npaaHHK: MpamuH.l{ume, MpamuH.JlK HJIH Mpama.
(IlJJeBe·acKo) .
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MpamuHRK, MpamUH.l{U - JI0UI JJ.YJC., KOHTO MOpH K0KOlllKHTe. -TOH
.ll·YX · uapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHe npe.21.cTaBJIHBa KaTO :11epHa fOJIHMa KOK OlllK3l
c -:·x pHJI_e · H c roneMH 011H. B 11ecr ua TOH .21.yx To».·JJ.eH Kon.siT ~epraa
_H H3B'hprnaaT ycTaHoaeH Q6pe.21.. )KepTBaTa e 11epH·o nHJie, H To neTne;
aKo JIH HHMa 11epuo, To~aaa M0}Ke .u.a 6'b)J.e u .21.pyro.
CyTpH-HTa MHor o paHO-.Z~OM8KHHKaTa CTaBa H nbpBaTa ff pa6oTa
PEJI . HI'H03H H OEH .'IA H (i-95
e .na 0TH,ne npH KypH~Ka H .na ·yJIOBH Hapell,eH0T 0 qepH0. rreTJie. KaTO
ro YJI0BH, TH 111.e ce B'bpHe B K'blll.H H 111.e B'hpJKe KpaKaTa Ha IleTJl~T0
.na He 6.Hra. TiocJie T0Ba HaKJI8)1.Ba 0f'bHH H npiffOTB.ff fl0~a ,u.a 38K0JIH
*epTBaTa.
KaKTO cnoMeHax no-rope,. JKeHa He KOJIH HHKaKBa ra).J., HHK8KBP
)K~BOTH0. Hapo,U.HOTO BHpBaHe CqHTa KaT0 f0JI.HM0 3.1;10 aa K'hlll.8T8, aK0
]KeHa 381{0,!IH K0K0illKa, r'bCKa, naTHU.a, nyiiKa, arHe, 0BU.a, illHJie.HJIH .
eJKe B~qe aaKJJa-
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Ha .ra.u. 38 ,u.py~o H0JK· He 6HBa ,u.a 3HMa B p'hKa. .
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KqH ,u.pyr He MO:>Ke ).I.a 38KOJIH :>KepTBaTa it.pamiU-t'l.e OCBeH :>KeHa, H TO
H8H.-CTapa Ta )KeHa B K'hlll.H, KO.SITO ce cquTa 33 ,l:{0MaKHHKa . IleTll-eT0,
KOeT,O e Q6petieHO 38 JKepTB"a, TyK cer,a HOCH H83B8Hlie M,pamtUttte.3a-
K0JIBaHeT0 ~a Mpa,:HHqeT o e o6pe,u.;· KaK'bBT0 H 38K0JIBaHe ~o Ha rep.-
rbpB~KOTO arHe, Ha HJIHHHCKH H 11eTeJI H .npyru ~epTBOilpH HOI.JJeHHH .
KoraTO 111.e Ce 38KOJIH neTJieTO, 'e,U.Ha 9T IIO-MJI8.Z{HT e :>KeHH E 38-
·,npyraTa HJIH ceMeikTBO' fQ 111.e 38CTaHe B'hHKa OT K'bIUH~T~ BpaTa, a ..u.o-
MaKHHKaT a w.e ocTaHe B'hTpe B K'hIUH. IleTJieTo-M paTHHqe w.e ce KOJIH
np·es· npar<;t . B'hHKarnHa Ta ,U.'bp:>KH KpaKaTa H KpHJieT~ Ha, Mpa1;HHt1e-
T0, a )I.0MaKHHK aTa C JIHBaTa CH pnKa e XBaHaJia rJia~aTa MY' a C )I.HC-
HaTa ,U.'bp)KH H0.>Ka. Ho.>K'hT e ·HaOCTpeH Ha 6pyca, C KOHTO K0CatJ'hT
OCTpH .JIHTH0 BpeMe K0CaTa, C K0HT0 KOCH ceHo. MpaTHHtJeT O ce KqJIH
· Ha caMHH npar. .
. ' KaTo ,u.onpe H0:>Ka .no illHHTa, B'bHKarnHa Ta .>KeHa IIHTa: ,,KaKBO K0-
JIHlll, 6a6o (HJIH M8MKO)?" JloMaKHHK aTa 0TroBap.H: ,,KOJI.H MpaTHH.HK ",
oTpHsBa rJiaBaTa Ha tlHJieTo.U.H JioTo nuJI:e o·cTaH a poU.eTe Ha B'hHKarn-
HaTa .>KeHa, .a rJiaBaTa-B pou.eTe H8 .)I.OM8KHHK aTa, KOHTO CTHCKa KJIIO-
Ha .na He 3eBa H K33Ba : ,,He KOJIHM Te HHe, HO KOJIH Te MpaTHl:IH~ ,
T. e. 6oJiecr.ra . ·
· · B c. JI1naK0B0 , OPX?HHHC KO, MparnHtJeT o peTJie ~o.TI°.HT B. K'hµJ.H,
33)1. a-paTaTa, ,u.eTO Ha HrHa.>K,u.eH ca,U..HT llOBeKa,- KOi\TO -~:ff BJle3lia,ll
np'hB TO.ff ,u.eH B K'hmH, H K0JIHT ro C HO.>KHU.HTe, C ,KQHTo· Kp0SIT-nna r,-
H0T0. JloMaKHHK aTa, K0HT0 K0JIH II·H JieT0 MpaTHHtJe, KoraT0 me 0T{)e.-
:>Ke WHSITa, K83Ba: ,,Il{o nocpaH~, ,u.a e JieKOBHTo l" IJ:oc.ne, KaTo. 0Tpe~e ,
lliHHTa, TH 38B'bp.>Ke H0.>KHUHTe, K0HT0 T'b~B'bp3aH H me CT0~T.)1.0 21 H0-
eMBpH, T. e. )1.0 nocJie,U.HaT a MpaTHHCK a·_Hom.
ToBa Mpa:rHHtie nocJie OllHCTB8T, fO'l'BHT H H,U.aT KaTo )f{ep.T IHl .Ha
MpaTHHHK a, T. · e. H8 KOKOlliaTa 6oJieCT, ,u.a He M0pH K0K0illKH1: e.
r,!JaBaTa, KpaKaTa, nepyrnHHa Ta H, :>KeJI'b)I.l>Ka Ce CK'bTBaT . 38 JieK.
. TiepyrnHHa Ta ynoTpe6JIH BaT, KoraT0 H.SIK0H p0,U.HTeJIK_a ~eHa-
Jiexyca, 60,u.e y,u.apeHa OT Jiaxyc1-1Te H ce pas6oJiee: c TaH nepyi.uJJHa H
K~,u..sn:. Ka,u..HT H ~ua, KoraTo nt: .>rnaHe CHJIUa H npo,u.'hJI:>KHTeJIHa Tpe-
cKa. C nepyIJ.IHHa Ta B c. JlHT8KOB0 ,OpxaHHHC J{O, JieKyBaT OHHH, KQHT0
~MaT 60JIKa B fJiaBaTa, naJ.(a HM tue.Mem,T. e. npHT'bMHH Ba HM-Ha 011,H-
Te H na,u.aT. C TaH·. nep yrnHHa ce Ka,U.HT H 6oJiecTTa MHHaB~ '\cnope,u.
nepymHHa ce ynoTpe6,H na ow.e H. Kor.aTo
Hapo,u.HoTo BHpBaHe.
. . ' ComaTa . '
696 IIHMHT'bP MAPHHOB

Ha HSIKoro IlOTeqe KpoB H3 HOC~ H He CI1Hpa; KaTO ro noKa,II.HT C TaH

rrepyllIHHa, KpoBTa CilHpaJia. ''
f JiaBaTa H KpaKaTa Bp'b3BaT C qep~eH KOHeu H rH 38KaqeaT 381{
BpaTaTa (cTapHTe,K'bIIJ.HHTe BpaTa) HJIH lla npe'I.HRKa Ha 0fHHll.J,eTo.
HHKOH TYPHT B KJIIOHa Ha rJiaBaTa }KHB B'brJieH.Hapo,II.HOTO BHpBaHe yT-
Bop}K,II.aaa, ~e TaH rJiaBa C KpaKaTa.3ana3Ba K'bll.J,aTa OT BCHK3J(B0 3JI0,.
OT MarHH, OT •HanpaTeHO H ,II.pyrH 'JIOllIH HaBeTH.
·)KeJt'b,II.'bK'bT TO>Ke ce CK'bTBa Ha K0MHHa. TOH ce ynoTpe6HBa 38
JieK. KoraTo HHKoe ,II.eTe ce _0TIHKBa H T0Ba OTIHKBaHe He MO>Ke
,II.a ce H3JieKyBa C ,II.pyro, ToraBa OT B'bTpellIHO.CTTa Ha TOH }KeJI'b.l{'bK,
KOHTO B JloMCKO ce Ka3Ba_ zytua, B8,II.HT OT xpaHaTa, IIJ.0 ce HaMHpa
BoTpe, H TaH xpaHa TypraT B'bB B0.!(a,c KOHT0 3anofrnaT 60JIHOTO ,neTe _ ·
MOM11e HJIH MOMHl!e. (C. 6o30Beu, JloMCKO, npeceJieHH 6'hJirapH H3
BJiallIKO.) ' .
Ha .npyrHH ,neH -15 HOeMBpH, npa3HYB8T cneuHaJIH0 OT 6oJieCTTa
6oaemc, K0HT0 .l{OX8}K,ll.8 OT H8CTHHK8 li'JIH OT JIOlll BHTnp. TaH 6oJieCT Jie-
KyBaT qpe3 pa3Tp_H BaHe, pa3rpHBaHe, HaJiaraHe, 3anoffBaHe, BCHKora
npH.JJ.py}KeHH c 6aHHe; aKo_ BCHllKO TOBa He Il0MOrHe, JieKyBaT H c
nepyllIHHaTa Ha MpanrnqeTo.
MpamUHCKU HO~U ce HapHtiaT HOll.J,HTe OT 11, na .JJ.O 21 H0eMBpH.
T1u1 HOW.H ca MHOfO JIOllIH,· . TIO-JIOllIH,OTKOJIKOTO HOll.J,HTe npe3
MpoCHHTe .JJ.HH, 3aW.0T0 npe3 . THH H0llI.H MO}Ke qoBeK ,II.a HaJieTH Ha
MH0f0 60JieCTH,BKJIIOq11TeJlH0°H 6oJieCTTa /lOUlama 6oAecm(na.n.aHe OTB'bH).

a) B 1, JI q H n p a 3 H H u H

·THH npa3HHUH ce npa3HyBaT B qecT Ha B'bJIU;l:fTe.

ToBa e BTOpo npa3HeHCTBO B qecT Ha TOH XHIII.eH H naK0CTeH 3BHp;
Il'bpB0TO npa3HeHCTB0 BH,II.HXMe npe3 M. cpeapyapH, n'hpBH, BT0{H(
H TpeTH ,ueH, HapeqeHH TpH<pyHUHTe . TaMo 6erne TpH,II.HeBeH [npa3HHK],
a TYK e TPH n'hTH no TpH,II.HeaeH, nJIIOC ow.e en.HR, HaH-noc.1e.neH, B
qecT Ha Haii-onaCHHH B'bJIK. TiopBHHT B'bJiqJ,f ripa3HHK, 11 H0eMBpH,
HJIH P,3BepuHaeH, KaKT0 ro HapHqqT B C. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCK0, e
31>JI, HO ttaii-nocJie,nHHHT, HapeqeH KYt{YAaJ-t HJIH HamAanaH, e HaH-
JIOlIIHHT' HaH-onacHHHT.
B HHK0H MeCTa THH npa3HHUH ca HaMaJieHH Ha ce,u.eM,a HH~o.ne
Ha neT, a HHK'b,II.e H Ha TPH .JJ.HH, o6aqe ttepa6oTKaTa Tpae npe3 u.e-
JIHTe ,II.eceT .JJ.HH.
Oow.oTO npe,ncTaBJieHHe sa THH .JJ.3BepHHH npa3HHU.11 e TaK0Ba:
npes THH ,II.RH npecTaBa BCHKaKBa >KeHCKa poK0,UeJIHa pa6oTa. HHKOH He
npe)Ie, He T'bqe, He KpoH, He llIHe, He BJiaqH BbJIHa, He HaTIJIHTa. Ho-
}KHUHTe,c K0HT0 Ce KpOij HJIH pe}Ke,ca 3aKJI0IJeHH H 3aB'bp3aHH ,II.06pe,
Ta - HHKOH .na He M0}Ke )I.a rH 0TB'bp}Ke. "ToBa ce npaBH, .n.a He 6H HHK0e
OT ,ueuaTa cJiyqaifHO ,II.a rH seMe H 0TB'bp}Ke. Ho H TOBa He CTHra; .na
He rH ,U0KatlH HHK0e )J.eTe H ,II.a ce M'bqH ,II.a rH 0TB'bJ)}Ke, THH B'b p38HH
H0>KHUH ce,zv1raT HHK'b,Ue HaBHCOK0: Ha TI0JIHUaTa,npH HKOHaTa,Ha rpe-
-PEJ1HI'H0 3HH 05Hf/AH 697
,naTa. AKO HMa B K'bI.IJ.H HO}K 3aKAOnliUK, T.e. KOHTO ce QTBapH H 3aT-
BapH KaTO 6pHTBHTe, H ·TOH I.IJ.e 60,ne Bop3aH H I.IJ.e ce ,L(HrHe HaBHC0KO
}I.a He 6H HHKOH .na ro 3eMe: 0TB'bp.>Ke H OTKJI0TIH. CoJI ce He 11yKa, 3a-
lll.0TO ycTaTa Ha 11yTypaTa TpH6Ba .na ca npHB'bp3aHH o:rrope C'bC 3e6JIO
H H3B'bpHaTH Ha,noJiy; TYH ce npaa.H .na He M0raT B'bJII.UfTe .na CH 0TBa-
pHT ycTaTa, 3aI.IJ.OTO, KaKT0 ce CilOMeHa H no-rope, He BCHKOra B'bJI-
K'bT MO>Ke .na OTBapH qemocTHTe CH.OKOJIO 0f'bHH H 3a,n BpaTaTa JieTIHT
C KaJI - .na ce 3aJienHT 0l!HTe Ha B'bJIKa .na He M0.>Ke ,na BHAR OBU.HTe~
.33Il{0T0, KaKT0 ce CIT0MeHa no-rope, B'bJIK'bT caM0 BH>KJI.a, a He M0.>Ke
..z1.a no,nyllIH, KaKTo Tyfl npaaH KytieTo.OT,neJIHH 061111aH npe3 THH AHH B
-oT,neJIHH KpaHm.a ·11 MecTa H3JiaraM TYK ,noJiy .·
B · c . TIO.II.Bee, KapHo6aTcKo, npa3HyBaT B7JA'lU npasnutfU
neT AHH: IlbpBH H BT0pH npa3HyBaT np~AH 3aroBe3HH76-l2 H 13 H0eM-
BpH, a qeTBbpTH H neTH - CJie,n 3aroBe3HH - 15 H 16 HOeMBpH;
Tpenrn.T ,neH - 14 HOeMBpH, Ha CaMHH )l.eH Ha 3aroBe3HH. To.H ,neH
TYK HOCH H33BaHHe X UAUn, T. e. '<PuAun; IlOCJie)I.HHHT )l.eH OT BoJil!HTe
npa3HHU.H npa3HyBaT Ha 16 H0eMBpH (arrOCTOJT eBaHreJIHCT MaTeii),
KOHTO HOCH Ha3BaHHe Kyl,fyAali, HaH-JlOllIHHT, Haii-onaCHHHT B'bJIK.
'Ha TOSI JI.eH , KaT0 Il0tIBa .na MpbKBa, Ma.>KaT C KaJI BpaTaTa H KaMHHaTa,
3a )I.a 60)1.aT B'bJIU.HTe CJienH, Ta )I.a He MoraT )I.a BH)K)l.aT 0BU.HTe. Ma)KaT
om.e H B'hHKa K'hlll.aTa, T. e. cTeHHT-e . (Ba6a KaJIHHKa KeHeBa .)
B c. KoJIH6HTe, TpoHHCKQ , nu1 .ZI.HH ce HaptttiaT 3eepw-tit npa3-
l-tUtfu; TYK Il0)l. HMeT0 3BHp ce pa36Hpa B'bJIKbT. Tipa3HyBaT TPH )l.HH.
Cpe)l.HHHT e Ha 3arose3HH, T.e. Ha 14 H0eMBpH, a nocJie)l.HHHT ce Ka3Ba
K.YlfYAaJ-t 11; e Ha11-ci-parnHHHT. (Ba6a TieHa M11qesa.)
B c. Taop,ll.HU.a, Hoao3aropcKo , ce HapHtiaT B?J11.'lit npas1-tuqu
l{ ca )l.eBeT JI.HH: TpH npa3HyBaT,TPH pa6orHT H TI0CJie naK TPH JI.HR npa3-
HyBaT. TiocJieJI.HH.HT HOCH Ha3B3HHe K.ytwAaH H ce na.II.a Ha 21 H0eMBpH,
0T.ZJ.eTo TOH npa3HHK TYK ce HapHlla Bi,11.'lama Bo2opoiJu4a. ,,Ta» Bo-
ropo.ZI.HU.a 33TI0BH)l.Ba Ha BbJIU.HTe" - 3a6eJie)KH 6a6a .Ilo6pa.I1Ma TPH
Boropo.ZI.HU.H: foJIHMaTa, MaJIKaTa H Bnn11aTa; Bbnqa~a e cpe.ZJ.HaTa.
THH TpH Boropo.II.HU.H ca TpH cecTpH. OTTYK H3JIH3a: npa3nysaT 13, 14 H
15 HOeMBpH; pa6oT.HT 16, 17 H 18 H nocJie naK npa3HyBaT 19,. 20· H
21 HOeMBpH. .

B c. Me)l.BeH, KoTJleHcKo, TH.H npa3HHU.H ce 1rn3aaT B?JA'lume

npa31-ttttfu. Tipa3HyBaT rH e.II.Ha He)l.eJIH, KaTo HaqHaT OT 3aroBe3HH, T. e.
OT 14 1weMsp11; csoprnaaT ce Ha B7'11.'lama Bozopooutfa (21 Hoe~rnpH,
BoBeJI.eHHe), KOHTO )l.eH ce Hap11qa Ky4y11.an. KoraTo notIHaT npa3HH--
ll.HTe, 33Bbp3BaT HO)KHU.IITe H rH )l.HraT HailHCOKO .ZI.~ He MOraT JI.a rH
)l.OKaqaT )J.eU.aTa. Bop3BaT HO>KHU.l•fTe, 33 JI.a ca 33Bbp3aHH H ycTaTa Ha
BbJIIJ.HTe npe3 ro,nHHaTa. Com.a H He T'bKaT, 33 )I.a He _OTBa'p.HT KpdCHO-
T0 H ttanpycu.HTe . (Ba6a BoflKa 1-i 6a6a .U)KeJI.a.)
B c. K11nHJI0Bo, E.11eHcKo, THH .ZJ.HH ce Ka3BaT 8?JJl'lu · npa31-tuu,u
78 (TyK H no-HaTaTbK CTaBa AYMa 3a KOJi e)tHH aaro B ~3HH . )
698 JJ,HMHT1'-P MAPHH08

H npasHyBaT·UHJia He,Il.eJIH, KaTo HaqHHHT OT aaroae3HH. TiocJie,II.HHHT e·

Kyu,yAaH ._(Ba6a Pyca CJiaaosa.)
B c. JlHTaKoso, OpxaHHHCKO, THSI- .IJ.HH ce Ka3BaT B7JA'lfJ,me-
npa3Huifu H npa3HyBaT e.n.Ha He,Il.eJIH, OT 14,. na.. ),lO 21 H0eMBpH. Jia.
21 HoeMBpH e KyuyJiaH . . .
Ha Ca. TeKJia (20 ttoeMBpH) noTeKaT npaaHHUHTe, a Ha KyuyJiaH.
ce H3KyusaT, T. e. H3XO.IJ.BaT. (Ba6a BoJIKaHa H 6a6a To.D.opa rt. XpH-
CTOBa.) , .
B c.IlIHnKa THH .IJ.HH ce KasaaT B7'Attume npa3Huu,u H HaqHHHT or
Ca _. Cl>HJIHn, 3aroBe3HH (14 HOeMBpH) .IJ.O 6oropO.D.HUa ·B'b,!IqaTa~ TOH JI.eH
ce Ka3Ba Kyl{yAaH . Bpo3BaT H0>KHUHTe H rH .ZJ.HraT .l(a 60.n.aT B1>paaHH
ycTaTa Ha B'bJIUHTe. · (6a6a .Uotta Ys,ytt-HHKoJJ:oBa.)- ,
· B c. Bpecoao, AiiTocKo, ce KasaaT THH npasHHUH 87JA'lttme npa~-
ljtUU,u; Te H3llHHHT ,II.Ba ,!I.HH npe.n.H saroae3HH - OT 12 H0eMBp·1:1, H Tpa~T'
TPH .D.HH CJ1e.D. saroaesi-rn. , . _
B c. Pmu~ TipecJiaacKo, THH npasHHUH,HapeqeHH B7'A'lU hpa3-
Huu,u, ce .npasttyaaT oceM .IJ.HH, HaqHHaSI OT Cs. MHHa, . 11 1-ioeMajrn·.
Baii-ceTHernHHHT e ttaii-roJieMHHT, · Haii-JiornHHT. · · ·
· B rp. Dattanopmu,e B7'Attume npa3HUtfU HaqifHHT OT Cs. MHHa, ·~1
HOeMBpH .HO>KHUHTe 38B'bp3BaT C napuaJIH, a )J.apaU.HTe, C 'k6HTO
BJiaqaT B'bJIHa, saJienBaT c'bc cypoao JiaHHO rose)K.ZJ.o.Ho>K saKJI011llHK
He ce OTKJiansa; coJI He ce 1.1yKa B KyTeJia (qyTypa), sarn.oTo Tora~a ·ifa
B'bJIUHTe rn.e 6i.D.aT 0TB'bp3aHH ycTaT~ rrpes r0)J.HHa_T a H rn.e .D.aBHT -MHOfO
0BUH H· CTOKa.OKPJIO 0f'bHSI H 3a)J. BpaTaTa JierrH·T C KaJI, Ta .Il.8 61;.n.aT
3aJierreHH oqHTe Ha· B'bJIUHTe .D.a He BH>KJJ.aT OBUHTe H. CTOKaTa.
JlenHT C'bC 3aMy)l{eHH (3a:>KMaJIH) oqH H HapHqaT;

.Ua MY sanenH ycTaTa,

na MY saJieiIH _OlJHTe,
.Ua MY saJienH KpaKaTa~
To.H .ZJ.eH He IIHnaJIH H rpe6eH HHKaK.
B c. )l(eJIHBa, .Coq>HiiCJ<o, THH npasHHUH, Hape11eHH B7JA'fflqu~
·n pa3'HyB~T ce UHJia He}l.eJIH, KaT0 ce noq:He OT Cs. MH:iia (11 HOeMBpH) . .
HaA-rrocne,nH~HT, ·Koflro ce nana Ha B7'Attama Eo2opoi1uu,a (21 H0eM-
Bpli), ce Ka3Ba KytfyAaH; TOH e Ha~-JIOlllHHT.
"B c .- JlonHH, TeTeBeHCKO, B"tJAttume npa3HUtfU ce HapHqaT ow.e H
.Pa1J,2e/l08U npa3HUU,U-H ce rrpa3HyBaT )J.eCeT Jl.HH. JleceTHHT )leH, B'b!l-~
.'lama . Eo2opoi1utfa, .ce HapHqa KYtfYAalt; . TOH e HaH-JIOIIIHHT.
B c . BpyceH, TeTeBeHcKo, PaH2eAoeu npa3Huu,u ca ce.D.eM JlHJ:I .H
TPH JI.HH c·a B7'A'lu npa3HUtfU. HaqHHHT o:r ·ca. MHHa. Haii-nocne.D.-HH~T
e Kyu,yAaH; TOH e Haii~cTparnHHHT. ToH _.D.eH (21 HO,.eMBpH) . ce Kaaaa
Kyn:yJiaH, 3arn.oTo ce npa3Hyaa B qecT Ha KYO:HH B'bJIK.
. HMa TaKaBa npHKasKa sa TOH B'bJIK; ,
,,HHKora JlH)J.o -r ocno)J. ,naJI apeMe ·Ha B'bJILUne )I.a H.D.aT. Bcil'lKH-
i e ce crrycHaJIH Jl.3 rpa6HT 11· BCeKH 3eJI osua, 0BeH, KOH HJIH BOJI H
ce HaCHTHJ1H. E)J.HH_ Bl>_ JI K 6H,JI Ky~ • .Ta He ~0.>KaJI )la CTHrHe HaBpeMe H
• • I
P ~ ..U ·H I' H O 3 H H O B H l/ A .H 699
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KQlfT0 6paJI KpymH . ,,E, peK'l>JI KyuyJia H, TH CH MH .Ha K'bCMeT, Teoe
w.e -H3HM. " lJoaeK'bTU Ka3aJI·: ,,Toaa He e npaao; as He c'bM HH oau~.r
HH -BQJI, HH ' K0H . XaH)le )la IlHTaM~ )lH)l0 r0CTIO)la )la BH)lHM .K8KB.O TO~.
w.e. •l(a:me!" ,,Xaif)l e", oTroaop HJI _B'bJIK'bT. OTHlllJI H npH 6ora H MY pas:-·.
npaBHJIH p~6oTa Ta. rocno.z:(, KaTo H3cJiyl llaJI H )lBaMaT a, peK'bJJ: ,,_J Jpaf
·ao~o e: KOH KaKBo e cpew.H aJI,Her oao ):(a 6'b)le. ,[{pyrHT e B'b~UH ca
cp~w.HaJIH. _0BUH, . K0He, roBe)la , , OT KOHTO ca ce f18HJIH; T9H KYH B'bJ,I.~
e.. cpew.H a~ qoaeK, ol' ·qoaeK IU.e ce Haxp,aH H." H KyuyJi aH 11a.na.z:(HaJI
Ha · llOBeK'a H ro. H3HJI."
. · ETO 331ll.0 TOH B'hJIK e HaH-JIO lllHHT; TaKa . OCTaHa·n o TOH ;1 3 : C,fr
xpaHH CBMO C llOBeK. (IlpHK3 3B8JIH 6a6a IleTp0B HUa, C. 6pyceH , qap~
B'bJIKa Ha, ·c. JIHTaK oBo.) · · ·
B · c~ _ TO.llbOBUH, .EJieHc.K o, B7Jit1.ume _npasHu 4u npa~Hy aa+
UHJia He)leJIH; HaqHHHT )I.Ba )lHH npe.tt-H 3aroBe3H,H _(OT 12 H·oeMBp_ Hf
H ce HapHqa T )lBa npe.z:(HH B'bJiqff . npasi-IHUH, IlOCJie H,l(aT )lBa cpe)lHJJ
._ ?
a .IJ0<;Jie - ):(Ba IlOCJie)lHli. B HaqaJIOTO, T. e. , Ha Ilop'BHH B'hJI~H npas,-
HHK-:- 12 HOeMBpH,Ha KJIIOt{8JIKaTa TYPHT 13epHraTa H H B,P'h3B3T H.. ,T a~o -
ceAH-~UHJia He)leJIH Bops·aH a. Ho:mHUH c11mo raKa Bpo~Ba T H .He r~
o:rBapHT UHJia ce.nMHua. TyH npaBHT , 3a .na. 6o)laT ycTaTa Iia B'hJIUHT~ .
33KJIIQ qeHH. .. ..

.· . B C. TIHpro c, PyceHC KO, B7JllttU me npasHU l{U ce npa3Hy ~aT neT

.neHa. HaqHH HT OT 11 HOeMBpH. B H.HKOH K'hlll.H HaqHHHT THH npa3HH UH'
Ha. ~Top.HH )leH Ha PaHren os.neH. l.J.opay nH He .nyftqaT , canyH He nHna-r
H HHIU.0 )lpyro He pa6oTH T. . .
B c. TonJiel ll, ra6poa cKo, tHH npa3HH UH ce· Ka3BaT PaHzeAq-
eu :npasH u4u H ce ·npa3Hy BaT UHJia He.neJIH . HaqHHH T ABa )leHH cJieJJ.
PaHreJIOB)leH - 10 H0eMBpH. ll.HJiaT a He)leJIH He npe.naT, He T'l>Ka1;, _
ue mHHT. CyTpHH Ta Ha nopBHH npa3HHK. ·e.ntta :me11a B K'hlll.aTa IU.e
3eMe HrJia H KOHeu H 'oTHBa 33.ll BpaTaT a. TaMO CH 33lllHB a 38,llHaTa
110,1Ja Ha pHaaTa ; .npyra )KeHa me H nHTa: ,,KaKao ru;Helll TaMo?" Tiopaa -
Ta )KeHa OTroaa pH: . ,,llIHH Ha MeqKaTa H Ha B'hJIKa ycTaTa H QqHTe. "
· ceTue aa6a:>K)la HrJiaTa Ha naaaaT a.
· B TeTeae He THH .npasHH UH ce HapH11aT B7JA'l.ume npa3ftU l{U. H
ce·. npaaHy BaT e)ltta He)leJIH. CpeIU.y nopBH,!I B'hJI'IH Iipa;3HHK ae11epTce
JIEUIHT C KaJI neayJIH (KaMHH aTa), aa ,l:(8 6'b)l3T 3aJieneHH Ha B'bJIUHTe
oqJiTe ,n_a He MoraT ,n_a JJ~)lHT O"BUHTe. U.»JiaT a He,l:(eJISI He pa60TH T HHIIJ.O;
H0}KHU H He _paaKJia TIHT. OocJie) lHHHT B'bJI'IH npa3HH K ce HapH11a
'J(y--
q.gAllH H ce npa3Hy Ba B qecT Ha HaH-CTapHH B'bJIK, KOHTO e HaH-CTpa-
I llHHHT, H'8H-JIOllIH:HT. HapHll a ce KyuyJia H, 331.1\0TO ca MY npe6HT H.
_
KpaKaT a. . .
·B c. Mapam KH Tp'bcTe HIIK, TIJieBeHCKO, THH _npa3HHU.H ce Kaa·-
BaT XpaHU A06U npasHu 4u. .. · · : :
. . . HHKOr a ca_npaaHy BaHH rnecT- ,l{HH, ·a B HffKO~ K'bll.J.li H .neceT .ltHH .
.llHecK a npaaHy BaT TPH )lHH, KaT0 HaqHHHT OT TpeTHH AeH CJie,n PaHre -
. - . .-
700. ,aHMJ(T"bP MA PH HOB

JIOBJI.eH, T. e. OT 11 HoeMBpH. TpeTHHT JI.eH ce Ka3Ba KytfyAqH, K11e-

·"YtfaH. HJIH HamAanan. Toraaa HHW.O, aMa HHW.O He nHnaT.
Cpew.y II'bpBHH npa3H_H K 3HMaT HO>KHUHTe H C TH·x xaaw.aT B'brJieH
H ro ry>K)J.aT Ha )J.apaKa. TiocJie ycyKBaT. Bp'bB, Bp'b3BaT _T PH B'b3~~
-B qecT Ha Tp1ne npa3HHKa H CTaSI Bp'bB YBHBaT HO>KHUHTe )I.a He 6H HHKOH
JI,a rH OTBOpH. Ha TpeTHH npa3HHK pa3B'bp3BaT HO>KHUHTe, a caMaTa
Bp'bB XB'bpraT B Of'bHH.
B c. BpHCTOBHUa H Tiepynvm.a·, TinoBJI.HBCKo, B?JA'l.ume npa._
.3H.Ut.fU npa3HyBaT OT Be11epTa Ha 10 HOeMBpH, na JI.O 15 C'blq.Hff Meceu.
3°HMaT noMema - napuan, c KOHTO OMHTaT new.Ta, o:>Kera H
JIOIIaTaTa, C KOHTO Ba)I.HT XJIH6a H3-t1ew.Ta, H BctfqKH TH.ff aeiiJ.H TypraT
n new.Ta H 3anyrnaaT ycTaTa Ha nemTa, 3~ JI.a 6'bJI.aT 3aTaopeHH ycTa-
"Ta Ha B'bJIKa. 3HMaT IIOCJie BepHraTa H SI 3aB'bp3BaT Ha)J. orHHW.eTo,
.3a )I.a 6'h)I.al' _qeJIIOCTHTe Ha B'bJIKa 33Bbp3aHH, a TaKa C'bmo "H KpaKaTa.
)KeHHTe OTHBaT 33JI. apaTaTa Ha KornaPH're H TYK 3arnHBaT npeJI.-
HHTe H 3a)I.HHTe IlOJIH Ha pH3HTe.CH. KornapHTe, B KOHTO ce JI.'bp>KaT B0-
JIOBeTe H KOHeTe, He pHHaT; JI.OJI.eTo TpaHT npa3HHUHTe.Ilpe3 TH.ff JI.RH
rpe6eH He IlHilaT H M'b:>KeTe ce He pernaT' HHTO o6JIH1IaT HOl3a pH3a, a
:>KeHHTe He IlHilaT HHW.O: He nepaT, He T'hKaT, He llIH.HT, He npeJI.aT, HH-
TO nJieTaT. Ho:>KHU.H He OTBap.HT, 33TOBa H KpO.HtI.H Te (Tep3HHTe) npe3
TaH He)I.eJIH He pa6oT~T. HHKOH JI.OpH He pe:>KaT XJIH6 c HO>K, a ro qy-
TIHT; JI.pyrH Il'bK He H3JIH3aT HHKaK no IlOJieTO H no ropaTa.
B c. foJIHMo AJJotIKhOH, JI.06pH11Ko, THH JI.HH, B'lJActume np~r.,-
.nut4u, npa3HyBa.T OT 12 JI.O 19 HOeMBpH. He pa6oTHT HHmo.
Pa3Ka3sa ce: ,,EJI.HO BpeMe e)J.Ha :>KeHa,KaTo He HCKaJia JI.a npa3-
·HyBa, 3aK'hpTIHJia TOH .IJ;eH Ha M'b:>Ka CH a6ama (ropHaTa JI.pexa) H Ty-
·p0na Ha paMOTO e)I.Ha fl.Ma (3aKp'bnKa). M'h:>K'bT o6JI.HK'bJI a6aTa H OTH-,
lll'bJI B ropaTa 3a JI.'bpBa. EJI.HH B'hJIK JI.Olll'hJI npH Hero, HanaJI.HaJI ro
H OTK'bCHaJI caMO 3aKp'bilKaTa OT· paMOTO Ha a6aTa H CH OTHlll'bJI.
,Upyr e)I.HH tIOBeK 6HJI cpew.HaT OT B'bJIK. B'hJIK'bT HCKaJI ,Z{a ro
H3H,lle, ,neTO He npa3HyBaJI TH.ff npa3HHUH. qOBeK'bT MY ce npHMOJIHJI
..n:a ro onpocTH,KaTo MY ce 06ew.an,11e 3aHanpe.n me npa3Hyaa npa3HH-
1.r,HTe My." (Cps. CoHY, II, 1~6.) ·
B'hB Benec Ha KOJJe)I.HH 3aroBe3HH, KOHTO HMaT CTOKa: OBUH, KO-
He, roae,na H JI.p . , ,,3aBop3BaT" ycTaTa Ha B'hJIUHTe. 3aTBapHT zpe-
.6enume (JI.apau11Te), c KOHTO BJia11aT B'hJIHa, H HO>KoBeTe. ToraJJa
ce Bp'b3BaT npa3HHU.HTe, 38lll.OTO HMa HHKOJIKO npa3HHKa npeJI.H rio-
KJiaJI.H.Tipa3HyBaT U.HJia HeJI.eJIH H npe3 TaH HeJI.eJIH He ceKaT HHlll.O c
HO>K H He OTBapHT rpe6eHHTe (JJ.apaU.HTe). (CpB. C6HY, XI, 85.)
B PyIJ11oc Ha 21 HoeMBpH rJie.l(aT KaKBo w.e e speMeTo.AKo e He-
HO H xy6aao, TO npe3 H.l(eW.oTo JIHTo n11en1ne me 6'bJI.aT .l(o6pH. w.e ce
poeBaT JI.06pe H w.e )(8.l(~T MHoro ·Me.I(; aKo JIH Il'bK BpeMeTO O'b)I.e M'bt-
.JIHBO, HJIH BaJIH CH.Hr' nqeJIHTe HHMa ,na po HT JI.06pe H HHMa ,na HM3
.MHoro MeJI.. ,
TaKa C'bW.O rJie)I.aT H Ha 2. <peapyapu, T. e. BTOpHH TpH<pyHeu,
lfJIH CpeTeHHe. (C6HY, VIII, 140.)
pEJIHI'H03HH OBHI/AH 701
r) C B. K a T e p H H a, 24 HoeMBpH

B c. Ep.HCTOBJHI.a TOH ,ll.eH H3B'bpUIBaT CJie,ll.HHff

o6HqaH B qecT Ha 6a6a lllapKa. (Tyii, KOeTo ce Bopurn a .zI.pyrH MecTa
H Kpamn.a: Ha 9 MapT, M.na,ll.eHl.I.H.)
PaHO cyTpHHTa OTHBaT 3a npHCHa BO,ll.a H OMeCBaT TeCTb. Kora-
TO MeCHT TeCT0TO, OTK'bCBa MecaqK_ a Ta MaJIK0 TeCTO, OT KOeTO OMec-
B3T namop'l.e (Kpaaaiiqe); TYH naTopqe oneKBaT H Ma.>KaT c Me.zI. HJIH
pa'l.ell (Ma.ll..>KYH) H ro ry.>KJJ,aT HaJJ, BpaTaTa Ha ropHHH npar. Tyii
naTopqe ce npHHa£R B JJ,ap. Ha 3a6paJJ,KaTa HJIH 6yJioTo Ha 6a6a
IllapKa. Tyii naTopqe CTOH TaMo, .n.o.zI.eTo ro 3a6paBHT.
OT TeCTOTO OMeCBaT TIHTa, KOHTO ce neqe H TIOCJie H Ma.>KaT C
paqeJI (Ma.lI..>KYH, neTMe3); aKo JIH HMa Me.ll., Ma.>KaT .H c MeJJ,. CeTHe TaH
0

TIHTa ome TOTIJia YBHBaT B 6HJI MecaJI H H3H 8CHT Ha TI'bT.H H TaMO pa3-
,ll.aB3T OT HeH, -KOHTO 3aMHHe H3 TI'bT.H. Tipe,ll.H o6aqe .ll.3 .H H3HecaT Ha
TI'bTH, BCeKH OT ,ll.OM8lllHHTe me CH OTllYTIH no e)J.HH 3aJI'bK C .lI.YMHTe:
,,)la HH e Ha noMOlll. ca. KaTep1rna." '
HapoJJ,HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp.>K,ll.aBa, qe B K'bll(a, )l.eTO ca MeCHJIH
TaH mna, TaMo 6a6a IllapKa He xBamaJia .
OT C'blll.aTa nHTa, JJ,O)J.eTo e Olll.e ropema\ .z:r.aaaT Ha nceTaTa .no-
MaUJHH H OBtJapcKH, 38 JJ,a He rH JIOBH 6.Hc .
Colli.RH 06H11aii HMaJio H .B TiepymHua . .A3 ro cpemHax H B c ..
51c'bKOpHH. (CpB. C6HY, XII, 10.)
Pa3Ka3axa MH, qe TOH o6Hqafl HM3JI0 H Me.>K.ll.Y TIOM3UHTe .

.ll.) A H .z:r. p e e B .z:r. e H, 30 H0eMBpH

lJepKoeeH npa3HHK: Ca. anocTOJI AH.z:r.peii TiopBo-

3BaHH . TiopBHHT uapHrpa,ll.CKH em-:ICKOII, nponoBe,ll.HHK Ha CJIOBOTO
XpHcToso Me.>K.z:r.y cJiaBHHHTe. B TiaTpa Axai%cKa M'bt1eH OT M'bllHTeJIH
EJieoT H pasnHaT Ha KpocT, npe.zI.aJI 6ory '.ll.YX-
HapoJJ,eH npa3HH}5:: Me•lKUHi)eH, A1tapeu, Eapeu (l(JIHCypa) .
Tipa3H_yBa ce .B qecT Ha Me11KaTa.
ToH ,nett cyTpHHTa paH0 TypraT B KOTJJe, Ta aapHT uapeBH.Ua,
KOHTO ca HaKBaCHJIH B'bB B0')1.8 )I.a KHCHe ome OT seqepTa; KaTO ce CBa-
0

PH, XB'bpraT H3 KOMHHa )J,O TPH TI'bTH C B'b3KJIHU8HHe: ,,Ha-a-TH, Me-

'IK0, BapeH KYKYPY3, )I.a He H,ll.ern cygoBHH H .zI.a• He H,ll.ern cToKaTa H
QOBeUHTe!" B uapeBHUaTa B KOTJieTO TypraT ome no HHKOJIKO 3'bpHa
OT BCHtJKo, mo .c e cee a noJieTo H rpa.zI.HHaTa: 606, Jiema, rpax, npoco,
.>KHTO, HlJMHK, oaec, rp'bCTeHO ceMe, JIHMeU ~ BCHQKO; TYH ce npaBH,
3a .n.a. ce pa.>K.zI.a H )I.a Hae.zI.pHBa scHqKo,· lll.O ce cee H ca)I.H.
BHpBaT, qe OT TOH ,neH .n.eH.RT HaeJJ,p.HB3JI KOJIKOTO npoceHO 3'bp-
Ho; QT. TOH JJ,eH HaqHHHJIH )J,HHTe .n.a pacTaT.
. ·s OTJJ,eJIHHTe 15pamn.a TOH JJ,eH ce B'bplllaT o6HqaH, K0HT0 He ca
o6uur. 3a )I.a ce npe,ll.cTaBH noJIHOTO npa3ttysatte Ha ,ll.eHH, H3JiaraM
AOJIHHTe TIO,ll.p06HOCTH.
702 JlliMHT'bP MAPl11f0B

B c. KJn1cypa rrpH KorrpHBI.I.J.HUa TOH ,neH ce HapHqa Eapetl

H ce rrpa3HyBa 3a _MeqKaTa. UapeBHUa He BapHT.
· . · B c. Tsop,nHua, HoBo3aropcK o, TOH ,neH ce Ka3Ba Anapetl.
TiyKaT rryKaHHU.H H Bapsl'T >KHTO; OT TYH >KHTO X,BopraT H3 KOMHHa
.3a MeqKaTa H 3~ 6epeKeT, na rroe.n.p.siaa acHqKo, mo ce cee H ca;u1 a
'TI0JieTo H ' B rpa,nHHHTe.
8 c. BpecoBO, AHTOCKO, TOH ,neH ce' Ka3Ba Anapeeeaen. BapHT
:2KHTO, 606 H ,np. H TIOCJie pa3,l{aBaT 3a MeqKaTa H 38 6epeKeT.
B c;. Tionaec, KapH068TCKO, ce K83B8 Ai-tapeeeaen. B~pHT >KHT0
1-1 pa3_naaar 3a 6epeKeT H na Hae.npsrna xpaHaTa. ·
B C. Kapa6yHap~ BypracKo, ce Ka3Ba Anapeoeaen. BapHT >KHT0,
·606_, M8MYJie (uapeBHU8) H ac1-1qKo, mo ce cee H ca41-1; rrocJie xaopraT
u3 KOMHHa 38 MeqKaTa H. pa3,naBaT 3a 6epeKeT H na ttae,np..siaa,- -ui.o e
•IlOCH-T0 H H8caneHO~
B c . JlHTaKoao, OpxaHHHcKo, ce HapHqa MettKunaen. BapHr
KYKYPY3,6o6, rpocTeHo ceMe H BCHqKo,mo ce cee H ca.n.H, 3·a na ce pa>K-
_.zi.a H na Hae,npHB8. XaopraT H3 KOMHHa H BHKaT:
Ha-a-TH, MellKO, KyKypy3.
A, HaM >KHBOT H 3_npaae!
B c. BpyceH, TeTeBeHCKO, Cf! Ka3Ba Anapeeeaen . BapHT KYKYPY3
H OT BCHqKo: KpymH, CJIHBH, THKBeHo ceMe H nocJie XBbpraT H3 KOMH-
Ha 3a MeqKaTa H 3a 6epeKeT.
B c. JlonHH, TereaeHcKo, ce Ka3aa Anapeeoaen.Bap.sir KYKYPY3,
6o6, Jiema, rpax H or BCHllKo, 3a .n.a Hae.n.p.siaa H na HM8 . 6epeKeT.
Xaoprar H3 KOMHHa 3a MellKaTa. ·
B rp. TI8HanopHI.I.J.e TOH ,nett' ce Ka3aa Anapetl. Bap:sir or a·cHtIKo
H .XBbpraT H3 KOMHHa H BHKaT: .
.lla CH 3.ZJ.pa-a-Ba, qaoa Meuo!
To.SI OOHllaH e . CbI.I.J.eCTByBaJI HHKOra, .ZJ.HecKa e H30CTaBeH.
B C. PHm, TipeCJI8BCKO, ce Ka3Ba Anapeeeaen. BapSIT 606, >KHT0 '
H- BCHqKo, I.I.J.0 ce cee H ~a,nH, 3a .n.a Haenp~Ba BCHqKo B noJieT0 H ·s Kb-
~ mH. Or aapeHHSI 606, >KHTO 'H .n.pyro XBbpraT Ha K0KOillKHTe H H8)1.eua-
Ta. 113 K0MHHa He XBbpraT. . . '
B :c. To~bPBU.H, EJieHCKO, ce Ka3Ba Anapeeeaen. Bap.HT nanyp
(KyKypy3), 6o6,6aKJia,ceM e OT THKBH HOT BCHqKo, 38 na HMa 6epeKeT
H .n.a Ha~,npHBa. 113 KOMHH8 HSIKOra ca XBbpraJIH Ha MeqKaTa, HO cera.
TOBa e H30CTaBeHo. .
B c. TonJiem, fa6poacKo, ce Ka3a~ A1-tapeeeae1-t. BapSIT nanyp
{uapeBHUa) H XBopraT H3 KOMHHa - H BHKaT: ,,Ha-a-TH, MeqKO, aapeH
rranyp, na He SI.ZJ.em cypoal" Toaa npaBSIT, 3aI.I.J.0To no nJiaHHHCKHTe
MeCTa MeqKHTe npaBSIT roJTeMH naKOCTH Ha uapeaHqHHTe HHB_H. BapHT
ow.e 606, >KHT0, KpymH, 38 .n.a HMa 6epeKeT H .n.a Hae.n.pSIB8· BCHllK0
IJOCSIT0 H noca,neH0. ToH .n.eH l{HCTHT >KHTO 3a BO.ZJ.eHHUa, 38 na Hae-
~pHBa >KHT0T0 H .zxa .n.aaa noaeqe 6pamHo.
-B . C. Epe,nHH, OpSIXOBCKO, ce K83B8 AnapeeeaeH. B8pSIT OT
BCHllK0 3a 6epeKeT. . '
 PEJTHI'H03HH OEH'IAH 703
'B rp. TeTeBeHe ce K83Ba Ce. Ai-tapeu. BapHT MaMyJie H B THX
TY}KJl8T M8JIKO 606, nem.a, rpax H .u.pyro, 38 .u.a Hae,llpSIBa BCWl'KO ·s .
K'bUJ.H H )la HMa 6epeKeT. XsopraT Ha MettKaTa H3 KOMHHa. Mna.zu1Te
•6ynKH He pa6oTHT; Te XO.l{HT TI~ rpcTe, Ta H Te )la i-lae.u.pHBaT, T. e. JJ.8
-cTaeaT TPY.ll.HH.
. . 8 C. Map3UJKH Tp'hc.TeHHK, TIJieBeHCKO, ce K83Ba AHapeeeoeH.
BapslT MaMyJIH ),f B THX ry}K)J.aT 606, nem.a, rpax H ,lI,pyro OT BCHqKO,..
.aa )I.a Hae,lI,pHBa B K'bllJ.H.
. B BHTo.ncKo npa3HyeaT, H_O He eapHT KYKYPY3. Ka3saT; qe TOH
. ..ll.eH JI.eHHT e nopacHaJI ·KOJIKoTo e,llHa Hrna caMapKa (.u.e6ena H·rna, ry-
-6epKa, npH caMap.ZJ.}KHHTe): TaH Hrna anacHTe a Kpvmeeo HapHqaT
. "7>Hopeuo (71Hopeu). (Cps. C6HY, X, 121.) . ·

H uKyAcKu Meceq, ,lleK·eMep11

a) C B • B a p B a p a. 4 )J.eKe~rnpH

l.JepKoeeH npa3HHK: Ce. eeJIHKOM1>qeHHUa Bapea-

~ l)a OT 3HaTeH poJI.. Bam.a H 11.HocKop 6HJI 3aeMaJI eHcoKo 3BaHHe.
,Aom.epH MY Bapeapa noeHpBaJia a XpHcTa H nopam1 Toea 6HJia M'bqe-
i-la MHOro H TIOCJle Jl'bJlfH· MblleHHH, KaTO He ce CbrJiaCHJia .u.a ce oTpe-
:qe o:r XpHcTa, 6HJia nocet1eHa BoB epeMeTo Ha MaKc.HMHJIHaHa, 282 r.
I

' , Hapo.u.eH npa3HHK: Bapeapa, Ce. Bapeapa .

B c. BpHCTOBHUa, Tiepyw.0ua 11 .u.pyrH eena B noJIHTe Ha Po.ll.o-
TIJiTe MeCSIT npeCHH IlHTKH H M8)K8T rH C Me.u. H.'lH paqeJI (Ma.u.:m:yH),
113JIH3aT Ha TT'bTH H pa3,llaB.aT Ha
npoxo.ziHllJ.HTe. BceKH ce npeKpoCTH
1-1 oTqynH 3aJiqeu c 6narocnoBHH: ,,JI.a .u.ae.a rocno)J. :m:HBOT H 3.ll.paee eaM,
Ha qeJIH)J., Ha )J.06HTbK. H Ha BCHllKH!" Tipa3HyBaT 38 3)1.paee Ha )J.eUaTa
I{ Ha CTOKaTa.Coo6rn.Hxa MH, qe CbIUHH ,neH npa3HyBaT H noMaUHTe,
J<tl.TO MeCSIT CbllJ.HTe . npecHH nHTKH .
B c. )Kensrna, CoqmiicKo, Ha TOH .u.eH HMa ·TaK'hB o6Httatt. ·
3apaHTa paHO MaJIKH MOMqeTa H MOMHqeTa Ha 6pott OT 3, 5, 7
K'bUJ.H - q,HCJIOTO TpSI6Ba )J.3 6b)J.e TeK, HHKOra qHq>T, Ce Cb6HpaT ·Ha
JUIKOe 6yHHllJ.e HJIH Ky110m.e H BCeKH . CH _HOCH .ZJ.PbBUa H no HHKOJIKO
merrH 6a6yp'lema (q>acyn); TYK ecHqKHTe 6a6ypqeTa TYPHT B e.u.Ho rbp-
He, HaKJia)J.HT OfbHH H eapHT rH Ha qop6a.11.o.u.eTO ome He ca TypHaJIH
,COJI H nyK B rbpHeTo, e)J.HO )J.eTe ucmpuiuok (H3TbpcaK, TIOCJie)J.HO Ha
1)O.lJ.HTeJIHTe CH),Ba)J.H.OT q>acyna no TpH 3bpHa Ha BCHKO )J.eTe H ry}K)J.a
Ha BCHKO Ha KOJIHHOTO; )J.euaTa ca H8CH)J.3JIH Ha Kpbr H BCHKO H3H:m:)J.a
abpttaTa, 6e3 )I.a rH nHrra H~H rroxeama c poKa.
CTa)J.HHU.HTe,T. e. ceJIHHH, J:<OHTO HMaT OBUH, OTHBaT Ha Kyn1-1m.e-
TO npH )J.eUaTa H 3HMaT no HHKOJIKO 3bpHa OT TOH q>acyn H TYPHT B
KopMHJIKaTa, Ta 38KbpMsiT OBUHTe OT 6oJieC~Ta mapKa )I.a rH He JIOBH
HJIH aKO rH XBaHe, )I.a npeKapaT JieKo H JieCHO. .
~, Gom.oTo ce npaBH H B c . BapHeeo. (Cpe. C6HY, XVI-XVII, 1.)
704 /J. H M H T "'b P M A P H H O B ·

BnB BeJiec BHpBaT, qe OT Bapeapa .n.o l1rHaT .n.eH.HT cc .ZI.Hran:

K0JIKOTO lffJieH Bpnx, a OT l1rHaT .n.o BacHJI-naK KaTO HrJICH Bpnx.
Ha_ Bapaapa ce 3aaapaaT )I.CH.HT H Horn.Ta H cTaBaT paBHR ..
.Uo-Bapaapa pacTe HOIIJ.Ta; OT Bapaapa .n.o l1rHaT He pacTc HH JJ.e--
HHT, HH HOIIJ.Ta. OT l1rHaT .n.o Hoaa rOJJ.HHa )I.CH.SIT pacTe, KOJIKOT0 nere-
JJ'bT MO>Ke .n.a pHn.HC OT npara. D.o CB. ATa.Hac HapacTBa CJJ.HH qac.
Ha Bapaapa KapaT .n.euaTa .n.a pHnaT .n.a rH ~e 3a_aapH Bapaapa ..
(Cpa. C6HY, XIII, 172.) .
l1Ma noroBopKa 3a TPHTC npa3HHKa Ca. Bapaapa, Ca. Caaa H Ca.
HHKOJia: ,,Ca. Bapsapa MCCH, cs. Caaa ne11e, a CB. HHKoJJa .H.n,e".

6) H H K y JI i.. e H, · C B. H H K o JI a,
6 ,ueKeMBpH
llcpKoBeH npa3HHK: CseTHTeJI HHKOJiaii, apxH-
cnHcKon MHpJIHKHHCKH, 11y.n,oTBOpeu. )I(HBHJI e B'bB speMeTo Ha
D.HOKJl·eTHaHa H MaKCHMHJIHaHa; KaT0 HKOH 38 XpHCTa 6HJI roHeH,
M'btieH H 38TBOpeH; B 3a~sopa 118K8JI CMnpTTa.O6a11e npH JJ.OXO)KJ{aHeT0·
Ha K.oHCT8HTHHa Be~IHKH ro H3B8)J.HJIH H3 3a:rBopa H IlOCTaBHJIH 38
apxHenHcKon · Ha MHpJIHKHHCKa enapxHH. YqacTByBaJI B nopBHH
BCeJieHCKH C'b6op a HHKe.H. D.o:>KHBHJI )J.O )J.'bJI0OKa CTapocT H no-
lJHHaJI OT CBOH CM'bpT . .
Hapo.rr.eH npa3HHK: H uKyllaen, Ce. H uKo.lla, Pu6eH ce. H uKoAa
Cnope.rr. HapO)J.HOT0 BHpBaHe TOH e e)J.HH OT rueCTHMaTa 6paTH
CBeTUH, KOHTO, KaTO CH pa3)1.eJIHJUI CBeTa _. He6oTO H 3eMHTa - ea
ca. HHKOJia:
D.HJI ce na.rr.HaJIH BO.Il.H H 6po.rr.ose.
MoTHH ao.rr.11 c1>c )J.'hJI6oKa MopeTa;
na.rr.HaJIO MY ce no BO)J.a .rr.a _XO)J.H,
no BO)J.HTe Kopa6H .rr.a Kapa,
no MopeTa BeTpbBe .rr.a cn11pa .
To ii e BJiaCTHTeJI Ha peKHTe H ·MOpeTaTa H Ha MOpCKHTe BeTpO-
Be. Tofl pa3JI10J1.S1Ba MopeTaTa; Toii cnHpa MopcKHTe seTpose. Toi:\ xo-
.ll.H ITO MopeTaTa H aKO HMa HHK'b)J.e H.SIKOfI Kopa6 s 6e,[l.a, TOH ro
cnacHBa. ·
TOH rrpa3HHK B 11ecT Ha CB. HHKOJia HapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHt~ ycTpOH-
Ba )KepTBH H >KepTBonpHH0llleHHH, o6pe.rr.H H neCHH B qecT Ha. BO)J.HaTa
CTHXHH, Ha MopeTaTa, Ha peKHTe, Ha e3epaTa. ETo 3arn.o CB. HHKOJia
rrpa3HyBaT BCHqKH; TOH .rr.eH e o6ma .cJiy>K6a H BCHKa K'bIIJ.8 npHH8CSI
>KepTBa. T aH >KepTBa e pH6a rnapaH.
HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe pHcysa CB. HHKOJia KaTO CBpoxecTCCTBeH
IOHaK , KOHTO H Ma KpHJie H MO:>Ke .n.a XB'bp.11H no MopeTaTa H BHCO11HHH-
Te; TOH BC.HKOra ce HaMHpa B MopeTaTa 11 6.n.H .rr.a He 6H MOpcKaTa,
JQJJ.a .rr.a noTonH HHKoii Kopa6. Tosa noHHTHe 3a cs . HHKOJia nocoqaa,
He )lHellJHH.SIT x p HCT IHI HCKH CBeTHTeJI HH~OJia MHpJIHKHHCKH C 3~Me-
pEJIHI 'H03HH OEH</ AH 705
CTHJI HstK3KBO )lpyro CBpbXeCT eCTBeHO C'hUJ,eCTBO MHTHlJeC KO CbC C'bUJ,HTe
aTpH6yTH. .
3a c~.• HHKOJI a HM a TaI<aBa npu1<a3K a:
Cs. KacHHH - naMeTTa MY ce npa3HyB a Ha 29 cpespyap H, T. e.
caMp K0faT0 e BHC0K0CHa f0)lHHa - _e CBeTeu qop6a,n:>1<1-H1, c JUfCHlJeB
KiopK H c 1rn6yK; TOH ce,nH Ha MHH,nep H ,nrorneK; HH BHTop ro ·Bee, HH
CJI'J?.HUe ro neqe, HH ,ll.'b>K)J. ro MOKpH. MoqHo MY CTaHaJIO, ,neTO lJOBeu.\\-
Te ro npa3HyB aT B qeTHpH fO)I.HHJ:I Be,l.l.H'h>K, H TO C HHK3KBa JlOt{eCT,
c HHKaK'hB Kyp6aH, KoraTo Ha CB. Hm<0Jia npa3HyB aT rrpa3HHKa p.sa
ffb'}'.H - JieTHH H 3HMI:IH CB . HHKOJia, H· TO C Kyp6aHH ,necHH H Tbp>Ke-
CTBa. CTaHaJI C'bC CB0H t:rn6yK, HaMeTHaJI CH KIOpKa H 0THIIJ'hJl npH
6ora, Ta MY ce onJiaKaJI : ,,Tipaao JIH e Tosa, 6o>Ke, peK1>JI ca . Kac1u1H.
11 ~? C'bM cBeTeU, H CB. HHKOJia e CBeTeu. MoHT npa3HHK ce npa3HyB a
B lJe'.fHPH fO,l.l.HHH Be,ll.H'h>K, a Il'bl{ npa3HHK 'hT Ha CB. HHKOJia - )I.Ba
TI'bTH B ro,nHHaTa, H TO c Kyp6aHH , neCHH H Tbp>KeCTBa." focno,ll. MY
K,paJI ,ll.a notJaKa MaJIKo, .no.D.eTo noBHKa H cs. HHKOJia. TioauKaJ I e,nHH
aHreJI H My nop1>qaJI .na OTH)I.e ITO-CKOpo 11 K'b)l,e-K'b)l.e )I.a HaMepH
1

ca. ·HHKoJia Ii .na MY Ka>Ke no-cKopo ,na .noft.ne no e.nHa MHoro Ba>KHa
pa6oTa.
. AHreJI'bT OTJieTHJI. JloJiy H3Il0)1. He6eTO ce BH>K)l.aJia 3eMHTa H
MopeTp. MopeTO IlOT'hMHH JIO OT T3JI83H H M'bfJIH H CTpaIIJHO <pytJaJIO.
He ce MHH3Jl0 MHOfO BpeMe H aHreJI'bT ce BbpHaJI . ,,HaMepH X ro B MO-
peTo, 6opH ce c 6ypHTa, Ta cnac.HBa Kopa61-1 H qoseuH. Cera rn.e .noH-
)le" - Ka3aJI aHreJI'hT.
MHH3JIO ce MHO>KKO BpeMe H eTO qe CB. HHKOJia JieTH C KpHneTe
CH . ,,OnpocT H, rocrro.nH - peK'hJI cs. HHKOJia, -- .neTo no3aK'hCHHX .
EopHX ce C MOpcKaT ~ IO)l.3 H C BHxp1ue, KOHTO pa3JIIOJie JIH MopeTO H HC-
KaT .na IlOTOil.HT KOpa6HTe H ffbTHHUI1Te B T.HX. Y Cil.HX .na fH no6e.nH
H )la cnac.H Kopa6HT e H Il'bTHHUHTe. He C'bM 3_a npe.n Te6e TaKa KaJieH
H M0Kbp,HO aHreJI'bT MH Ka3a, qe Tp.H6Ba .na )l.OH)l.3 TyTaKCH ." 11 HaH-
CTHHa CB . HHKOJia 6HJI KaJieH 11 BHp-B0)la M0Kbp.
focno.n ce 061>pHaJI K'hM ca. KacH.HH c TH.H .nyMH: ,,BH.nHIIJ -!P-1
K3K'bB e M0Kbp CB. HHKOJia? Ta.fl M0Kpo:ra H TaH 6op6a C BeTp0BeTe H
6ypHTe, 38 .na cnaC.HBa Kopa6HT e H tJ0BeUHTe, MY ca C'b3)1.3JIH np~3·-
HHUHTe, Kyp6am-JTe, necmne .u Top>KecTBa:ra, a He a3. )J.o,neKa TH
ce,nm11 Ha )lIOIIJeI.I.H H MHJ:l,ll,epH, C JIHCHtJeB KiopK H C tJH6yK B pou.e, H
TOH npa3HHK TH e MHOfO."
Ca . KacHHH cH 0THIIJ'hJI rrocpaMel:f, a ca. HuKoJia 0TJieTHJI naJ< KbM
M0peTo, .neT0 ro CJaKaJia H0Ba 6op6a c M0pcKa ro,n"a 1-1 ·HeHHHTe BHX-
PHIU,a H seTpHm.a. (Pa3Ka3a Jia 6a6a B1>p6a, qepK0BH aTa 6&6Ht1Ka,
c. Peceu, TopHOBCKo.) ·
C T0Ba ce o6HCH.HBa r0JIHM0T0 npa3f{eHCTB0, K0eTo Hap0)lbT yc-
Tp9~Ba Ha ca. HHKOJia.
TOH ,neH BC.HKa CTonaHK a me npHrOTBH HY>KHHTe Hel.J..\a 38 .>Keprso-
npHH~llleHHe; Te ca o6pe,ll,HH XJHJ6oae H pH6HHK.
O6pe,nHHTe XJI.ff60Be H.ffK'b,ne MeC.ffT ,ABa. a H.SIK'b,Ae e,nHH.

45
706 ).(HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

O6HKHOBeHO THH o6pe.nHH XJIH6oae Ha CB. HHKOJia HHMaT cn·e-

U.HaJIHO H83Ha11eHHe caMO 3a TOH )I.eH, 3aW.OTO HHKOH OT THX cpetnaJMe
H Ha P~rnreJios.neH, a cpew.aMe rH H Ha cny>K6a, Ha .oop<'K H qacr,ett
o6poK, Hape11eH napaKAuc.
H H K y jy C K H T e O 6 p e .n H H X JI SI 6·o B e, KOHTO cpe-
UJ.HaJ B MOHTe H3CJie.nsaHHH, ca CJie.D,HJ-ITe:
B C. J,faaop, BH.ll.HHCKO, Mee.HT XJIH6-' HapeqeH 60208Ul{a, 'llf€!TO
HaqepTaHHe ce BH>K.na n pHc ..M~ 407. }lpyrHHT XJIH0, KOHT0 ce MecH
H Ka.nH Ha TOH )I.eH, ttapelleH ce. H uKOAa. ce BH>K,na B p1-1c.·N2l 7.
B ceJiaTa PaKOBHUa H CtaponaTHUa, KyJicK9, MecHT x.11H6a, npe.n-
cTaBeH B pHC .•M!l6, Hape11eJ-I 60206Ul{a, H XJIH6a, npe!.{CTaBeH B pHc.
N2 95, ttape11eH ceemetf HJIH CB. H wwAa .
B ceJiaTa 4ynpette, CraKhOBUH H fopHH JloM, BeJiorpa.IJ.'IHLIH<o,
MeCHT XJI~6a, npe.zi.craBeH B pHC. N2l6, Hape11eH 60208Ul{a, H XJUI6a,
npe)I.craseH B pHc. N2 360, Hape11eH ceemetf HJIH te, H uK01za.
B c. 51 pJI0BHUa, JloMcKo, H B ceJiaTa Py*HHUH, Kap6HHUH,
Me.noBHHU.a H CKOMJISI, Be.11orpa.IJ.llH1I1KO, MecHT· C'hW.HTe XJIH6oee,
KaKBHTO B C. J,faaop , BH,nHHCKO - N2 407 H 17; THH ceJia, MaKap
qe ca B pa2 HH OKOJIHH, C'bCTaBSIT e)I.HO nJieMe, HOC HT e.nHaKBa HOCH H,0

HMaT C'bB'bpmeH0 e.nHaKBH o6pe.nH H o6Hll8H.

B ceJiaTa Kp1-1so.no.TI, TiporopeJieu, Me,nKo·aeu H B0JI11e.IJ.p1,Ma,
JloMCKO, MeCHT XJIH6a, npe.ncraBeH B pHC. Nc:!15, HapeqeH 60208Ul{a, H
XJIH6a a p1-1c. N2 2127, Hape1.1eH Kpa.eau HJIH ce. H uKoila.
B ceJiaTa BoJIKOBa CJiaTHHa,CTy6eJJ,Bepe.HHUHTe (foptta H .iloJI-
Ha) , )KHBOBUH H BeJJHMeJI, KyrJioecKo H BepKoacKo, MeCHT xJrn6a,
npe.ncTaBeH B pHc.N2 413, Hape11eH napaKJZUC HJIH CB. flemKa H~ XJIH6a
B pHc. N2_l8, HapelleH co. H uKoJZa HJIH cBeme4.
B c. 4upeH H c. KpHao.no.n, Bpa'IaHcKo, MecHT e.nHH XJIH6, npe,ll-
c-ra seH B pHc. N2 429.
B ceJiaTa AnTHMHp, Manopar, BHJI_a CnaTHHa H KHe>Ka, OpH·
X0BCK0, Mee.RT XJIH6a, npe.ncTaBeH B pHC. N2 430, KOHTO e IlO)I.06eH Ha
XJIH6a B · p11c. N2 360.
B cen ara MapalllKH TpocTeHHK, MaxJiaTa, }l'b6HHUHTe (fopHH H
l(oJIHH .llo6HHK), TIJieeeH~Ko, Mee.RT XJIH6a, npe,ncTaeeH B pHc.N2 415,
rro.no6eH [Ha T03H] B pHC. N!i 29, HapetteH 6ocOBUl{a, H XJIH6a B pHC.
N2 431.
B c. T y pcKH TpocreHHK H c. Bo6eJI, HJiKonoJicKo, MecHT XJIH·
6oBeTe, npe.D.CTaBeHH B pHC. N2 432 H 433.- '
XJIH6'bT B pHC. N2 432 HOCH Ha3BamIe 60208 XAfl.6 HJIH 60208U·
lfa, a XJI ~6'bT B pHC. .N2 433, n0).{06eH Ha ?{JIH6a g pHC. N2 348 -
C8 . HUKYACKU XllJl.6. ITon'hT pe)Ke H )I.aBa XJIH6a C pH6HHKa
B c. Ko3ap 6eJieHe, CBHW.OBCKO: H·B ,npyrHre ceJia a TaH oKoJIHH
MeCHt C'blII,HH XJI H6, KaK'hBT0 -e npe.ncraseH B pHC. N2 345 Ji 129.
ITonbT ro pe)Ke Be)tHO c pH6HHKa.
B c. BaJieaH, TopHoscKo, MeCHT :XJIH6oaer e, npe.ncraeeHH·B pHc.
Jfg 434 w 435.
PEJT l1I'H 03HH OEH1 ./.4Jf 707
XJIH6'b T . B pHc . .NQ 434 ce Ka3Ba 6020Bu 4a, a XJIH6oT B pHC .
..NQ 43S -- H.UKljll.C KU XAR6. nonbT pe.>Ke H JI.BaTa XJIH6a Be){H0 c, pH6HH Ka.
B c. T-OJI.bOBUJf, EJieHc Ko, MeCHT XJIH6oaeTe, npe.n.cTaBeHH a puc.
NQ 436 H 437.
XnH6'b T B pHc . .NQ 436,Ha petieH 6ozooui ~a, ce wapH c npocq, op-
Hl-lK, a · XJIH6'bT P. pHc . .NQ 437 HOCH HMe H.UKYAC KU XA.Jl6.M - JI.BaTa XJIH-
,6a ce K3JI.HT OT nona H pe.>KaT BeJI.H0 C pH6HHKa..
B c . llypaHK yJTaK, BaJiqJu uKo, .Mee.RT x.,1.si6oaeTe, npe.n.cTaeeHH
B pHc .. NQ 438 H 439.
XJIH6b T B pHC . .NQ 438 ce Ka3Ba 60208 K0AOX H ce wapH C npo-
cq,0pH HK, a XJIH6bT B pHc. N'Q 439,KOHTO e no.n.o6eH Ha XJIH6a e pHC.
NQ 114, ce K33Ba H.UKYAC KU K0AaK H T0.>Ke ce wapH C npoccpopHHK.
TIOTI'bT pe.>Ke H JI.BaTa BeJI.HO. c pH6HH Ka.
B c. lleJIH IOcyq> Ky10cy , llo6pHt IKo, Mee.HT XJIH6oaeTe, npe.n.-
•CTaBeHH B pHC. NQ 440 H 441.
XJIH61>T B pHc. .N2 440 ce Ka3aa 6020Bu 4a, a XJIH6bT B puc .
N2 441- H.UKYllC KU KpaBaU . · rnapKH TC <;a npaBt:'HH C n.poccpopHHKa.
Tion'bT pe)f{e H .n.saTa ae.n.Ho c ptt6HHK a.
I10JJ.06HH THM XJIH6oae MH MCCHXa H B c . MapKOBtJa, lllyMeH CKO.
B c. MaJIKa Kaft:Hap,n:.>Ka, CHJIHCTpeHcKo, MecHT XJIH6oaeTe, npe.n.-
cTaaeH H B pHC . .N2 442 H 443.
XJIH6b T B pHC . .N2 443 ce HapHqa 60208U l{ll, a XJI516oT B pHC •
..NI.? 442 - HUKYAC KU KpaBau .
THH XJIH6oae, no.n.o6HH, cpeu.r.Hax H B c. PHill, TipecJi aecKo.
B c. TopHo Bo, Xaci<oa cKo, Mee.HT xnH6oa eTe, npe.n.cTaBettH B pHc.
~2 444 H 445.
XJIH6b T B pHc . .N2 444 ce Hap1-1qa 60208 K0AaK, a XJIH6bT B pHC .
.N2 445 - HUKYAC KU XAR6. .

HHKOr a npaBeJIH pu6eH.a lf'bpKBa . BcHKa KbUJ.3 TpH6BaJIO e .n.a

-OMeCH THH JI.Ba XJHI6a H UH.,1 wapaH B TeIICHH C 6yJiryp HJIH opH3. Ka-
'T0 npH6JII OKH o6HJI., BCeKH HOCH THH" XJIH6oae H mapaH a B UbpKBa Ta ,
.l(eTO TIOTibT npeKa,n:aa BCHqKH X.71H60Be H IllapaH H, pe..>Ke TI0pH33HHUH
-OT xnH6oa eTe,a OT Illapatt a 11.1,e oTpe)f{e onarnK aTa. Toaa e 6HJIO o6u.r.a
.cJiy)f{6 a HJIH o6m K y p 6 a H H a C B. H H K 0 JI a, Hape11eH TyKa
·pH6eH a U.bpKBa.
Tan p116eHa u.opKaa cpemtt ax BoB BCHtJ~H ce,na B XacKoBcKo
H XapMaH JIHHCK 0 H B HHK0H ceJia B CeHMeHcKo.
B c . llepeKh OH, Ko3bJia ratJKO, Mee.HT XJIH6oaeTe, npe.n.cTaBeH~-i
B .PHC. N2 446 H 447.
Xn.si6o T B pHc . .NQ 446 ce HapJ.tqa 6ozoea numa, a XJIH6bT B
pHc. N~ 447-Hu KyAcK a numa. To3H? XJIH6 e no.l{o6eH Ha XJIH6a B pHc.
7

J\fo 114.
B c . ,UepeMaxJie, K1>31>Jiara11Ko (npeceJieHH H3 O.n;p11HcKo, cnopel l

77 [J,fao6pa) KeHHeTO Ha XJH16a He e )la,QeHO B npHJIO>I<eHHHTa.J

708 l!HMHT1,P MAPHH0B

6a6a .llecna - npeceJieHH H3 Jb1MOTHlllKO), c'hmaTa ~a6a MecH ,nBa

XJUI6a, 9T K0HT0 e,nHHHHT e npe,ncTaBeH B pHC . .N2 448. a .npyrm1r- B.
pm~. ~ 449. ·
XJIS160T B pnc ..N2 449 .ce Hapuqa 60208 Ko1raK, a XJIH6oT B p~c .
.N'.Q 448-ce. H UK0,W. IllapKHTe B TOSI XJISl6 .N2 448 03HattaBaJIH ·Kopa6a
Ha CB.! HHKOJia, c Koftro TOH nJiaBa_ JI no MopeTo, a pHcyHKaTa Ha,n .Ko-
pa6a 03HattaBaJia C8MHH CB. HHKOJia, KOHTO XB'bpKaJI Ha){ Mqpe-
TO. TyK CB. HHKOJia ce npe,ncTaBJIHBa c KpHJie.
, Ba6a ,Uecna MH 66HCHH, tte cB. HHKoJia nMaJI Kpi:rne H tte xaop-
qa.iJ no MOpero. 3a .na nOTB'bp,llH THH CBOH B'b3rJie,nH, TH MH np0,lll-lK-
Ty~·a cJie,nHaTa n~ceH, KOHTo ce neeJia Ha Tpane3aTa, KoraTo ce H,ne
iµapaH'hT: .
Co6paJIH ce BCH caernH, Ben caerHH ce cnornenami,
BcH CBeTHH pe,noM ce,nSIT, HHKOH .nyMa He npo.nyMa,
CJiyrap HM e CBeT BacHJIH, Tipo,nyMaJl e CBeTH J,fo'~H:
Pe.noM CJIV>KH c 3JiaTHa ttallla, - Ofl re re6e, 6par HHKOJia~
Hape.n .nol111e CBeT HHKOJIY' . 6paT HHKOJia, CBe'r HHKOJia,
Tol1 cH noe aJiaTHa ttallla, 3aII.J,o c ttallla TH 3aycHa?
3JiaTHa ttallla c pyl1Ho BHHO. OTroaapH caer Hm(oiJa:
Ko CH noe 3Jiartta llallla, - 011 Te Te6e;,; CBer 11BaHe,
Tofl 3a,npHMa H 3aycHa. Karo nHTalll, .na TH Ka>Ka;
l13~pijBH ce 3J18THa Qallla, . Bpar H3Hece CHJieH BHT'bp,.
l--faKpirnH ce, ·ra II.J,e na.ntte. Ta pa3JIIOJIH ·ral1tto Mope.
BcH CBeTUH ce cncirJie,naJIH, TaHHO Mope TTO:l· 3eMJIHTa~
HHKOH HHmo He npo,nyMa. TaftHo Mope c B.HJIO ~mper
Tp'enHa c KpHJIO CBeT HHKOJia, . me noro_nH BCH Kopa6H ,
Ta npnKp~nH 3JiaTHa ~allla, . A3 3aycHax, ra npnKpenHx,
3JiaTHa llallla c pyuHo BHHO, Ta npHKpennx BCH Kopa6H
HMTO na.n.Ha 3Jiarlia ttallla, 11 H3Kapax Ha 0HJI nHC'bK,
HH ce pa3JIH pyflHo BHHO. Ha 6HJI nHc'bK, HaKpaji 6pera.
C1>II.J,o TaK'bB aapHaHT ce cpeII.J,a OT CocpHHCKo a C6HY, IV, 21 .
B TaH neceH, KaKTo H s nocoqemrn aapHaHT, CB. Hi:rnona ce
np~.ZJ.CT~JBJISrna C 'KpH.IIe . .
6a6a ,ll.ecna MH ooHCHH, qe cB. HHKOJia, Koraro e Ha rpane3a,
KaK'bBTO e TOH ·cJiyqau, aKO ce TT0SIBH 6e.na no Mopero, TOH He e Ha-
~yc~~JJ rpane3ara,a c ·e.n.Ha-;ra CH .ZI.Yllla 0TJJHTaJI a r-.wpero.a c Apyra-
r a CH ocTaBaJI Ha Tpane3aTa.
_ 6a .ll.ecna e B cornac1-1e c oHyfi BHpBatte Ha-
To.ff B'b3rJie.l{ Ha 6a_
pottHOTo, KoeTo BH)J.HXMe rope npH ttoaeK-3Meft. Koraro .n.Qii-
.ne epe~e .na JieTH· no o6JiaUHTe H ,ii.a ce 6opH c xaJIHTe, rof1 3acn1-1aaJI.
J3 c. Kapa6yHap, EypracKo, Mee.HT XJIHooaere, npe.ncraaeHH B
pHC . .N'2 450 H 451. .
450 ce Ka3Ba 6020Bu11,q_'8; TOH .nocym e no.no6ett
~Jl~0'bT B pHc..N~_
Ha XJIH6a B pHC. .N2 380.

78 [Hso6pa>KeHHeTO Ha T03H .XJ!HO ue e )J.a)l.eHO B npHJJO>KeHHHTa. )

P EJTH I'H0 3HJf OBH C/Al f 709
XJIH61>T B pHc. N2 451 ce Ka3Ba ce. HuKoAa.
H -;ll.BaTa THH XJIH6a Il0TI'bT KaAH H pe.>Ke BeAH0 c pH6H~Ka.
B c. TB'bP AHila MecHT xJIH6.oaeTe, npeAcTaBeHH B pHc.N 2 452
H 453. .
XJIH6'bT B pHc.N2 452 ce Ka3Ba 6ozoBa numa , a XJIS16'bT B pHC.
a Be,LlHO C Illapa-
N2 453- HUKYA CKU XAJl.6 . TTon'bT pe.>Ke H ,l{BaTa XJISI6
Ha HJIH pH6HHKa.
· B c. llIHnK a, Ka3aHJI'blllKO, MeCHT XJIH6oaeTe, npeAc .TaBeHH B pHc.
N2 454 H 455. .
XJIH6'bT B pHc.N 2 454 ce Ka3Ba 60Z08 KOJlaK, a XJIH61>T B pHC.
N2 455- -:.a . . HwcoJZa.ToH XJIH6 N2 455 e MHoro no.zi:d6eH Ha XJISI6a,
B pHc. N2 322,c aMo qe TaMo JIHnc aa mapK aTa t{BRm
Ha cpe.zi:aTa: H
Ka.IlH H
.nsaTa XJIH6a ce rnapHT c nuc1rt0 (npocqx>pHHK) . Tion'bT rH
pe>Ke Be,l{H0 c rnapa Ha HJIH pH6HHKa. ·
B c . X 1>pcoao, Hoaon aaapc Ko, MeCHT. XJIH6a,npe.zi:cTaBeH a ·pHc.
J\fo 456.
BC. T~pK apHa yTJia p, TTpoBa,l{HHCKO (npeceneHH OTC. nea.ri_eT~H
To8 ·. ce
araq, O.zi:pHHCKo), MeCHT XJIH6, npe.zi:cTaaeH B p~c . N2 457.
K). ToH
Ka3sa 6ozoo KOAaK ; lllapH ce c rpHBH a H nucaAo (npoccpopHH
T8MO JIHilCB aT map-·
XJIH6 e no.zi:o6ea Ha XJIH6a B pHC. N268, caM0 qe
KliTe C TIHCaJI0T0.
B c. EJieccpaK1>, Tipoaa.nHHCKO (npeceneHH H3. Mana A3HH, _Bpy-
2 458,
-ceHcKa o6JiaCT, OT c . f106eJI), MeCHT XJIH6, rtpe.zi:cTaBeH· B pHc.N
XJIH6 HMa Ha cpeAi lTa
MHOro no.zi:o6eH Ha XJIH6a B pHC. N2138 . TOH
lllapK C
H
CH wapK a C fOJIHM0 IlHCM0 (npoccpopHHK)~ a 0KOJIO Hero ca
TecT·o .
MaJI'bK npoccpopHHK H IlOMe.>K.zi:y. THH lllapK H HMa U.FeTOBU.H OT
ToH XJrn6 ce KaAH 3a 6ora H aa caeTo ro HHKOJia.
B c . TiaJiaMapu.H, TopHOBCKO, MeCHT AB8Ta o6peAHH XJIH6a,. npe.zt.-
CTaBeHH B pHC. N2 459 H 460.
. XJIH6'bT B pHC. N2 459, KOHTO e TTOA06eH Ha XJIH6a B pHC. N2 72,
TYK HOCH . H33BaHHe CB. H UKOA0 8 Kpaea u. XJIH6'bT ~ .pHC.
N2 460,
HHe zoc-
KOHT0 e no.zi:o6eH Ha XJIH6a B pHc.N 2 190, TYK ·HOCH Ha3Ba
noiJbOB Kpaea u .
· ToH Kpasa fl ocseH Ha cs . HHKo na MecHT ouie Ha cny.>K6a
aa
KaT~-61,n-
rocuo. QH H KoraT o cs1>prnaT s1>plllHT6aTa. B TOH KpaBaH ceJISlH
xpaHH CBei'a.
rapKa e HCKaJia .zi:a npe.a.cTaBH .>KHTHOTO 3p'bHU.e, KOeTo
Toff' XJISI6 ~ nocBeTeH Ha 6ora 11 ce MecH BCHKora Ha cny.>K
6H 11
-06pb°K.
B C. J11naKOBO, OpxaH H.HCKO, MeCHT XJIH6oae:re~ npeACTaBeHH B
pHc. N2 461 H 462. XnSI6'bT B p11c. N2 461 ce Ka3Ba 6ozoe'
a ri"ma ,
a xJifi6 oT B pHc. N2 462 - ca. H UKOAOB XA.R.6.
. H ABaTa THSI XJHI6a ce !<3ASIT OT ·nona H ' pe>i<at Be.ll.H0 ·C pit6-·
HHKa . .
Toaa ca o6peAHHTe XJISI6ose , KOHTO 6'bJirapKaTa np HfOTini
1
3a
ca . HHKO Jia B . pa3JI Hqmn e 1<pamu.a.
p H 6 H H K, 111 a· p a H. Hape A C o6peAHHTe XJIH6ose B1>B l1°CSiKa ·
710 P.HMHT'bP MAPHHO B

KbUJ.a m.e ce npHro1sH H mapaH. ToH mapaH BCHK'b,ne e npeceH; TaMo

06a.11.e, .nero-HHMa npeceH, npH_roTBH ce coJieH. CoJieHHHT mapatt ce
H3KHCBa B'bB BO,Ll.a C mpiuw (CHTHO ceHo); TaKa H3KliCHaT, rnapaHbT
H3ry6aa CBOHTa coJI u noJiyttasa BKyc Ha npeceH.
ToH mapaH, Han'hJIHeH c 6yJiryp HJIH opH3, craqm,nH (cywetto
rpo3,ll,e) H opexH,ce neqe UHJI; usrn ce nocJie H Ka,ll,H; H cJieJI. Karo 60,ne
npeKa,neH OT nona, TOH ce pa3qynBa H H,1,e. Tion'bT 3HMa onarnKara.
Ha MHoro Mecra o6aqe, noqrH B noseqero ceJia H Mecra, wapaH'bT
ce YBHBa UHJI B'bB BKHCHaTO T'eCTO H TaKa YBHT, TOH noJiyllaBa HOBO
HMe pu6HUK. Koraro ce OMe<;H TeCTOTO, pa3nJieCKBa ce Karo nO-WH- '
poKa nHTa, HaMa3Ba ce C'bC 3eHTHH HJIH wapJiaraH (B XacKOBCKO, C.
CeMHC1Ie) H B TaH _nHTa ce yBHBa np·HrorseHHHT wapaH. CerHe or-
rope ce npaBHT wap1rn.
PH6HHKbT OTrope HMa ·H3rJie,n Ha XJU16 C wapKH OT TeCTeBH nphll·
KR H npoccpopHHK. Pa3JIHllHHTe cpopMH Ha pH6HHKa, KOHTO cpern.ttax, ca
npe,ll,CTaBeHH s pHc.N!! 463, 464 H 465. PH6HHKa, npe,ncr aaeH B pHC .
.N!! 463, cpem.Hax a UHJIO JlOl\lCKO, Benorpa,L1.1IHWKO H BH,nHHCKO;
pH6HHKa, npe,ncraseH B pHc.N!! 464, cpern.ttax B'hB BpallaHcko H Opsi-
xoscKo, a pH6HHKa B pHc.N!! 465 _cpern.Hax B CBHllJ.OBCKO - c. Kosap
Benette, H TopHoBcKo-c . PeceH. MaJIKHTe nHTKH, KOHTO ce BlUK,naT Ha
ropiIHH Kpaff Ha pH6HHKa, npe,n~TaBJIHBaT Ol.lHTe Ha wapaHa; recresa-
Ta. npb1IKa npe,ncTaBJIHBa rbp6HHaTa H rpo6HaKbT, a AOJI Y ce CBbpWBa
C onawKaTa.B pHC.N!! 464 ce BH)K,ll.aT recTeBH npbllKH, KOHTO npe,n-
CTaBJIHBaT KpHJieTe Ha wapaHa .
PH6HHKbT ce netJe o(?HKHOBeHO no,n BpbWHHK, MHOro pH~KO s.
neru. Tio,n BpbWHHK ce npe,nno'I.HTa, 3aru0To recroro ce neqe noJieKa
H crasa Karo XJIH6, Ta notJie ce H;I.e c wapaHa . IllapaHbT, neqeH B
Tecro KaTO pH6HHK, noJiyqasa H3BbHpe,nHO ,A06bp BKyc.
PH6HHKbT ce neqe -H nocJie ce Ka,nH H si,ne.
C pH6HHKa HMa CB'bp3aHH MHOro enH30)]Jf Me)K,ny csern.eHHKa H 6a-
6ara B KbIUaTa. Ero e,nHH no,no6eH enH30A, Ha KOHTO 83 6Hx CBH)l.e-
TeJJ. Tosa 6ewe 1884 r. B c. KpHBo,noJI·, BpaqaHcKo.
Ba6a MapHH 6ewe oMeCHJia pH6HHK H Tpane3aTa npnrorBeHa, t.Ia-
Kawe ce non'hT. TionbT ,noH,ne, npeKa,nH rpane3ara, pH3a nop·H3aHMUH
or XJIH6osere, 01psi3a H onawKara Ha p116ara,cnope,n KaKTO 6ewe o6H-
tiaHT, +I CH OTH,ne. Ba6a MapHH, KaTO 6ewe nonbT Belle H3Jie3HaJl, no-
lf Ha ).I.a. ce CMee CHJIHO. Tiomo6onHTCTByBaXMe 3a npHllHHaTa Ha 1or1
CMHX H TH HH pa3Ka3a 38 CBOHTa XHTpHHa.Tiotte)Ke CbµJ.HHT non BCHKO-
r a,. Kor aTO pH3aJI pH6HHKa, OTpH3BaJI TTO'ITH noJIOBHHaTa OT wapaHa ~
io cera 6a6a MapHSl ce yxurp1rna,Ta wapatta yBHJia B Tec'l'o,Karo npo-
;J.'hJDlrnJia MHOro onawKaTa Ha pH6HHKa. YI ,AH,ll.O non, K8TO MHCJierue ►
qe qnamKara Ha mapaHa 3aeMa U.HJiar a onawKa Ha p116miKa, oTpH3Ba:
fOJIHM KbC, HO B TOH KbC 6erue OTpH3aJJ. caMO KpaH Ha onamkara rna-
paHQBa. 1)Kusa aHeK)J.OTH HMa MHoro, er o 3amo H nonoeere ce yxu•
TpUJtH . ITpe,nH ,na orpe)Ke onamKaTa Ha p116HHK;:l, nonbT C HO)Ka CH U\e
Mywtte• orrope onam~ara Ha pu6HHKa If no HO)Ka no3HaBa ,no)le vtMa-
 pEJ1HfJf03HJf OE_Jfl/A-H 711
wapaK. A~o BH.II.H, qe onawKaTa Ha pH6mrna e C3M0 TeCT0, TOH 0TpH·
383 no-rope, Ta oTpH3aa H OT ruapaHa.
KoraTo e BCHllK0 roToB.o, )I.OX0>K,na norr'bT H npeKaJJ,ea. Ho noHe-
)Ke Ha CB, _HHKOJI_a II0llTH BCHK~ K'blll.a CH CJIY>KH, TO IlOil'bT He ycnHBa
33 o6H.n ,na npeKa)J.H BCHllKHTe rpane3H. B TOH CJI)'llaH HJIH BCHllKH
pH6HHUH H XJIH60Be ce HOCHT B ~bpKBaTa H TaMO· II0il'bT npeKa.n.ea
BCH'!KIHTe : e.n.Ha M0JI~TBa, HJIH Il'bK npalll.a ~acKaJia .na MY no~ara. B
roH cJiyllaH .u.acKaJI'bT 3acnnea cBelll.eHHKa: npeKa.n.aa, 6narocnaBH H
pe>Ke x.irn6oeer.e H pH6HHKa. _HHKora .u.acKaJI'bT ce .p1e.n.an or HapoAa
KaTO IIOJJOBHH CBelll.eHHK(..H Heroe Hac~eJJ.HHK, B c-,y11aH qe IlOII'bT oc-
rapee HJIH yMpe. , _ ·
. Tpane3ara, npeKa.neHa or no1:1a, He _ce .II.Hra IuIJI .neH. ToH .rr.eH
eceKHMY K'blll.3Ta e OTBopeHa 33 BCeKH TI'bTHHK, 3a BCeKH rocr. .
OceeH mapaHa Ha rpane3ara HMa npHroraeHH H ;I;pyrH ro36H:
<pacyJI, 3eJie, capMH H )J.pyrH IlOCTHH . HCrHera,nO)l.CJiaJI.eHH C'bC 3eH-
THH ·HJIH mapJiaH. Ha rpane3ara HHKora ca rteeJIH necH·H o6pe,ll.HH, HH-
. KYJICKH, HapeqeHH O111.e Ce)J.aJIHH HJIH rpane3HH. no CBOHTe MOTHBH THH
H H K '! JI C K H Il e C H H HMaT MHTH'leCKO npOH3XO>KJJ.eHHe.
Ero HHKOJIKO raKHBa neCHH: .
1. Ce. HHKOJia <;e.rr.11 .na nHpyea 3ae.n.Ho c BCHtJKHTe caeruH.
CJq1rap HM e CB. BacHJIH. Koraro cs. BacHJIH )(aJI tJawara c BHHO H Ha
cs. HHi<oJia, TOH 3a.npeMaJI .H B roaa apeMe qamaTa B po1<ara MY ce H3-
KpHBHJia u lll.HJia .21.a na.nHe; o6aqe CB. HHKOJia rpenHaJI c e.n.H0TO CH
KpHJIO H 3aKpenHJI qamara H np. CoJI.'hP,>KaHHeTo Ha TaH necelt ce H3-
JI0.>KH no-rqpe.
2. AH.Ll.OH rHMH.11.>KHH TporHa'JI }.{a n'hryea no Mope. Tofl He.aHpBaJI
HH B 6ora, HH B ce. HHKOJia H ce npHCMHBaJI Ha Berpoeere. Ce. HHKO-
Jia H3npaTHh BHT'bpa iJeAU nopJl3 (JIYJI.HHT BHT'bp; a B e,n.HH BapHaHT
MopcKa IOAa) H TOH MY pa36HJI reMHHTa. ·AH.II.OH rHMHJI.>KHH ocraHaJI Ha
0

e,!I.Ha )l'bCKa, K0HT0 ce HOCHJia OT 6eC HHTe MOpCKH B'bJIHH H AH~OH me

TI0T'hHe. Toraea roii ce cerHJI 3a 6ora H 3a cs. HHKOJia H noMOJIHJI
ca~HHKOJia ,n.a ro H36aBH.CB. HHKOJia ce npHTeK'bJI Ha noMom; cnpHJI
BHhpa H noMorHaJI Ha AH,IJ.OHa ,n.a H3Jie3He Ha cyxo. (CJiymatta or 6a-
6a Jlecna, c. .IlepeMaxJie; cpe. BapHaHra·B C6HY, XII, 11.) Karo HH-
KYJICKH ce neHT ome n·ecHHTe B C6HY, _IV, 22; X, 25; XI, 5.
· KaKro i<ocTHTe Ha reprbOBCKoro ·arHe, T'bH H l{OCTHTe .Ha HH-
KYJJCKHH mapaH He ·ce XB'bpr~rr. Te ce HJIH, H3rapHT, 'HJIH 38KonaBaT• B
3eMHra, HJIH n'bK ce xaoprar B peKaTa. Or rJiaeara Ha mapaHa 3H-_
Mar K0CTTa OT TeMeTO,· HapelleHa Kp1JX'l.e (c. oaJIBaH, TopHOBCKO,. 6a-
6a Kepa )KeJIH3Koea), H TYH ~_p_i,xqe {KpocTt1e) npHmHBaT Ha KanHUaTa
Ha- MaJIKHre .n.eua, . noHe:>Ke HapO)I.H0T0 BHpBaHe YTBbp:>KJI.aBa, - qe T9
npe.11.na3ea .neuaTa OT ypoKH .
712 P.HMHT1,P MAPHHOB

B) CB. C n H p H .lI. o H, 12 J.(eKeMBpH

4epKOBeH npa3HHK: TipenoJ.(06HH OTeu CnHpH,L{OH,
C[UfCKOn TpHMH<pHCKH, qy.lI.OTBopeu.
HapoJ.(eH npa3HHK : Cs . CnHpH,L{OH
B Pyrrqoc TOH JI.eH npa3ttysaT OT cmpynu (J!Cu8u KeAU B 3ana,L{Ha
BoJirapHH), onacHa KO.>KHa 6oJieCT, KOHTO rroKp.HBa UHJIOTO THJlO c pa-
HH, KOHTO H3nycKaT )K'bJITa BOJ.(a H JIOllla BOHH. TaH 6onecT e ,:oJIKO-
Ba no-onactta, 3arn.0To e rrpHJienqi,rna . B IWSITO Koma ce rrpeHece, Ka-
To Of'bH 3anaJISI UHJiaTa qeJUIJ.(.
HapOJ.(HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp:>KJI.aBa, qe CB. CnHpHJ.(OH e CBeTeu Ha
Ta·H 6oJieCT H MO:>Ke J.(8 51 JieKyBa H npe.u.na3Ba llOBeKa OT HeH.
ToH J.(eH ce MeCHT KOJiaUH H pa3JI.aBaT no CbCeJI.HTe 38 3J.(pase .
KoraTo pa3JI.aBa )KettaTa KOJ1aUl1Te, Ka3Ba: ,,3eMeTe KoJiatt'bK 3a cTpy-
m•I Te, na JI.a rHMaxKaJI.aJietIOTHa ccn.CnHpHJI.OH!"(C6H Y, VIII, 141,
.N~S.) •

r) TI p O p O K ,U a H a H JI, 17 JI.eKeMBpH

4epKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. npopoK .llattaHJI H Cs .

TpH OTpOUH.
HapoJI.eH rrpa3HHK: TipopoK )l:;i.HaHJI •
Tipa3HyBaT fO BCHqKH 6yJIKH H .>KeHH, KOHTO ome pa.>K)J.8T H HMa
M 8JIKH JI.eua . Tipa3HYB8T ro JI.a He na.u.aT JI.eu.aTa B OfbHSI HJIH BbB B p H
JI a· BO,L{a. (6a6a MapHH, c . TiarnaKbOtt H .lI.P- ; C6HY, VIII, 141.)

.lI.) C B. A H a c T a c 11 H, 22 J.(eKeMBpH

4epKoBeH npa3HHK: CB. seJIHKOM'bqeHHUa Aua-

cTaCHH y3opernHTeJIHHUa. TiocTpaJI.aJia BbB BpeMe Ha )lHoKJieTHa-
Ha, 282 r.
Hapo.lI.eH npa3HHK: H aUtmautii (Pynqoc)
ToH J.(eH a Pynqoc ce npa3HyBa B qecT Ha cMbpTTa. HapoJI.HOTO
BHpBaHe B TOH Kpaii - Pynqoc, POJI.OTIHTe, BKJIIOtIHTeJIHO H noMaU.HTe,
YTBbp.>KJI.aBa , qe TYH .>KeHCKO CBpbxqoaernKo CbI.UeCTBO, KOeTO cera
HOCH x pHCTHHHCKO HMe CB.AHaCTaCHH HJIH HarnTarna,e OTpe:>KJ.(aJia KOH
,L{a }'Mpe, a KOH: He. AKO B HHKOH KbI.Ua He ce npa3HyBa TOH J.(eH, T. e.
He TatJ:aT CB. HauITarna , B TOH K'bI.Ua HenpeMCHHO npe3 fOJI.HHaTa me
yMpe HHKOH. 3aToaa c nope.lI. HapoJ.(HaTa BHpa HarnTarna Ka3Bana:
,,51 Me TaqeTe, ff me Te notiepHH 6e3 speMe!" _(C6HY, VIII, 141.)·
 PEJ1HI'H03HH OEH'IAH 713
B. CJIY)KBA, CBETEU, KYPBAH

1. CTOllAHHH · (CJIJl)KBA . CBETEIJ,, KYPBAH)

BCHKa K'bI..U.a HMa CBOH IIOKpOB.HTeJI, KOHTO e He-

'BHJl.HMO C'bI..U.eCTBO H KOHTO na3H K'bI..U.aTa, rra3H qeJIH)J.Ta, rrpHJ-Ia)J.Jie-
.metna _Ha TaH K'hI..U.a, na3H CTOKaTa Ha TaH K'hI..U.a H npe,z:r.rryrrpe.m:,z:r.a~a
qeJIH)J.Ta sa ~HKOe HeI..U.aCTHe HJIH HarracT' KOeTo ce fOTBH HJIH H'Ma
,z:r.a ,z:r.ott,ue.
ToH "noKpOBHTeJI ce HapHqaJI cmonaH,UH.;_ HJIH cet16ufl.
ToH CTOII8HHH H3HaqaJio e 6HJI HHKOH BH)J.eH qJieH OT K'bI..U.aTa
KaTo : BOHBO)J.a, non, BJia)J.HKa, KaJiyrep HJIH 3HaTeH ceJICKH Il'bpBeHeu.
TioCJie CMl>PTTa CH TOH BH)J.eH 'IJieH e na3HJI K'bI..U.aTa, qeJIH)J.Ta, CTOKa-
'Ta Ha TaH K'hI..U.a. no-nocne, KoraTO ca MHHaBaJIH MHOro fO)J.HHH, IlO'I-
BaJI_ a e qeJIH)J.Ta ,z:r.a rJie,z:r.a Ha TOH CTOTTaHHH KaTO Ha He6eCHO C'bI..U.eCT-
BO H ,z:r.a ro rat.{H KaTO TaKoBa; Ha ,z:r.eHH, KOraT0 e noqHHaJI HJIH KO-
. , '
raTO e npOHBHJI HHKaKBa qy,z:r.ecHa TaHHCTBeHa II0M0I..U. Bopxy K'bI..U.aTa -
""H36aBHJl e K'bI..U.aTa OT 6e,z:r.a,qeJIH)J.Ta OT HanaCTH HJIH ce HBHBaJI Ha-
·C'bl{e Ha )1.0M0BJia)J.HKaTa H r9 rrpe,z:r.ynpe>K,z:r.aBaJI 3a HHKaKBa HaCT'bil-
"BaI..U.a 6e,z:r.a, TOH ,z:r.eH ce nocpeI..U.aJI c T'bp.m:eCTBa,c .m:epTBOIIpHHOllleHHH H
.npa3°HeHC'f..B8.
ITo-K'bCHO, KOraT0 xpHC'rHHHCTB0TO e BHeCJI0 H0BH II0HHTHH B
11apQJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe, ToraBa -TOH C -TO h a H .H H-II O K p OB H Te JI
•e npeKp'bCTeH Ha CBeTeu .H H36HpaH e TOH CBe1eu., KOHTO ce na,z:r.aJI
no xpHCTHHHCKHH qepKoBeH KaJieH,z:r.ap Ha TOH ;r.eH. OTT8"MO H no TOH
"H8iiHH e ycTaHOBeHa CAy~6ama, ceemeu,'om .HJIH Kyp6aH'om (B HHK0H
·CM a B l13ToqHa 6oJirapHH). .
ITom~.m:e 3a,z:r.pyraTa ce pa3qJieHHBaJia Ha ceMeHCTBa H K'hlll.H H e
-cTaaana UHJia MHoro6poiiHa ceMefiHa e,z:r.HoKpoBHa MaxaJia, HapeqeHa B
3a'na,z:r.Ha 6oJirapHH 8/lQKa, TO cJiy.m:6aTa, CBeTeU.'hT, Kyp6aH'bT 6HJI 3a-
II33J3aH B'bB BC~Ka K'bI..U.a H B'bB BCHKO ceMeHCTBO OT TaH BJiaKa. ITo
Toa- Ha'lf{H H.He ·cpeI..U.aMe ,z:r.HecKa e,z:r.Ha cJiy.m:6a,e,z:r.HH caeTeu. HJIH Kyp-
·6att s 20 K'bW.H, KOHTO noMe.m:,z:r.y CH HMaT Kp'bBHO po,z:r.CTB0 HJIH K0HT0
C'bCTaB.llHBaT . e,llHa BJiaKa.
Ha TOH ,z:r.eH ,z:r.o~arnHHTe npHr0TBHT Hy.m:HHTe HeI..U.a, ~a ,z:r.a 60,z:r.e
·OTnJ)a3HyBaHa CJiy.>K6aTa,caeTeU'bT HJIH Kyp6aH'bT K0JIKOT0 ce M0.>Ke no-
TI:ip~eC.TBeHO. Te3H HY)KHH HeI..U.a ca: .>KepTBaTa HJIH Kyp6aH'bT, o6pe:n.-
J-IHTe XJIH6ose, K0JIHB0 H ,z:r.pyrH f030H . .

2. )KETBA. )KE 0 TB0llPHH(!lllEHHE

. • )KepTBaTa e 6HJia BCHK_ora: TeJieU,0BeH HJIH lllHJle,
oTTaMo a l13T0'1Ha EoJirapHH ce HapHqa Kyp6aH no TypcKH . ToH Te,JJe~,
0BeH HJIH lllHJie ca 6HJIH saKaJIBaHH H r0TBeHH Ha ros6H pa3JIHtJHH
no ycMoTpeHHeTo · Ha ,ll0MaKHHKaTa H no npHeTHH o6HtJaH.
TeJieU'bT H 0BeH'bT ce HaCHllaT Ha K'bCOBe H c e fOTBHT ; llIHJieTo

•
714 JI. H M_ H T "b P M A P H H O B

nomrnora ce HaCHtia Ha Kbcose,Ho e noee11eTo cJiy11aH ce neqe Ufl-

JI0 u TI0CJie ce ,ll.po6H Ha KbC0Be H ce .H,lJ.e.
r 0 3 6 H.fo36Jne, K0HT0 ce rorBHT Ha TOH ,ll.eH, ca: opH3 HJJH
ypoa, 6yJiryp, 3eJie (K»ceno), Kaproqm, KpoMHA, cyrneH 3eJieH cpacyJI,
l
rpax H npa3 J1YK, - BCH'-IKH THH eap1rna, OT,ll.eJIHO eapeHH C Meco Karo
HXHHH (monan),HHKaK o6aqe He Ha qop6a (Kycan). lfop6a ce He Ka-
AH Ha rpane3ara. BapHT ce.ome H 3pHJI cpacy JI H rpax c Meco, Ho B fJ0-
eeqero cJiyqaH ryi't Meco e OBHoea nacTbpMa; nacrbpMa oeqa ~JIH Ko-
3H He ce KaAH.
Tm1. ro36H c;e f0TBHT, aKo cJiy)K6ara e B 6Jit!-~~H )l.eH, T. e: KO'~
raro ce HAe Meco.
CJiytJH HJIH ce 06a11e c.Tiy)K6ara B nocreH ,nett, roraBa ce roTB5IT
cJieJI.HHTe ro3611: cpacyJI, rpax H Jiema - TbpKaHH; 3eJie c. opH3 HJIH
6yJiryp, TI0)l.CJia)leH0 C JI.bpBeHo MaCJI0 HJIH rnapJiaraH; ryrnKH OT 3eJie
H opH3 HJIH 6yJiryp, no,u.cJia,neHH TO}Ke CbC 3eHTHH HJIH rnapJiaraH;
KapToqm CbC 3eHTHH; ypoB CbC seHTHH; MHOfO pH,U.KO TbnKaHH qymKH
C opH3 HJIH 6yJiryp; pH6a - rnapaH, TIJI8THKa H ,ll.pyn1, HOC JIJOCTIH,
crorBeHH Ha HXHHH (TonaH) C opH3, 6yJiryp, ypoB HJIH KpOMH)l, _HJIH
ne11eHH no,u. BP'blllHHKa. .
X JI H 6 o a e. XJIH6oeere, .KOHTO me ce. KaJI.HT Ha TpanesaTa, ca
.n.ea H B TOH cJiy11afl Te ca o6pe,u.HH . .MecHr ce ome H .n,pyrH MHt>ro
X~H6oae KB8CH}lll.H, K0HTO H K0JIKOT0 ca HY)KHH 38 npe3 ,u.eHH, HO Te
ce He Ka.II.HT, 1 Hx nonbT He pe)Ke. ·
O6pe,n.HHTe XJI~6oee BCHKora 6HBaT C rnapKH: 6~3 rnapKH xm16 .
Hee o6pe.n.eH H He ce Ka,u.H.
T mi: .D,Ba 06~.II.H~ XJIH6a HOC HT H83B8HHe: . e.n.HHHHT - 602oeu-
l{a, 6owe XAJl.6, 6ocaea numa, 60:1,cu KOAaK HJIH 6o~u ,cpaeat1 H e no-
ceeTeH Ha 6ora, Ha Kbrn.ara, a ,u.yrHHT e noceereH Ha ceereua, Ha
cr onaHa H HOCH HMero · ceemetf , Kpaeat1, Ko11aK, Ko11a'l.
H ,LI.Bara BH,ll.a XJIH6oee Ha CJiy)K6a H0CHT o6mo HMe KOAaK,' KO-
Aa'l , ·MH. q_ KOAatfu, KOAattu. OTTaMo e Bbspe1rnuara: ,,HH uapio xa-
,paq, HH 6ory KOJiatI4', T. e.qoeeK, KOHTO HHMa HHlll,O, He .n.aea HHlll,O
HJBf IlbK e BHpOrJiaB, Ta ce He non.qHHHBa HHKOMY, He c~yrna HHtiHH
C'bBeTH. .
H aqepTaHHeTO n rnapKHTe Ha THH XJIH6oee ce BH)K,U.aT B npe.n.-
CTaBeHHTe pHC,Y HKH. .
· B c . P a.Koswua, KyJicKo,. MeCHT XJIH6a, npe,u.craseH B pwc. N2 1-7,
Hape11eH 6020Butfa, H XJIH6a, npe,ncraeeH a pHc. NQ 191, HapeqeH
ceemet{ HJIH ce. llemKa .
. 6oroe11uaTa e noceeTeHa Ha rocno.na, lia K'Llll.aTa, a• XJJH6'bT
ceeTeu - Ha cJiy)K6ara, Ha · c B e T e u a-n o K p o B H T e JI.
B c. l13eop, B H,n.HHCKo, c. 5I pJIOBHUa, Jl0Mc1w, H ceJiara Py)lorn-
UH, . Kap6HHUH, Me.noeHHUa H CKOMJIH, 6eJiorpa.n.1.111rnKo; MeCHT
xJisi6oeeTe, npeJI.rTaeeHH e ·pwc. .N~18 H 41 3.
XJIH6hT, .npe,u.cTaeeH a pHc. N!! l8, ce HapH11a 6020eui{a ·1rnR
c~emet{ H e noceeTeH Ha (Sor a, Ha K'hlll.aTa.
pEJIHfH03HH OBHlfAH 715
X;rn6oT, npe,ncTaBeH B pHc. N2413, ce 1-1apH1.J:a .1zumyp2ufl H e.
nocaeTeH Ha CBeTeUa-noKpOBHTeJI. . .
B ceJiaTa llynpeHe, CT~KbOBUH H fopHH JloM, 'BeJiorpa,nt.J:HlllKO,
MeCHT XJIH60BeTe, npe,ncTaBeHI-1 B pHC. N2163 ·u 19.
· XJIH6'hT B ..,pHc. N2 163 ce HapHt.J:a ce. flemKa HJIH 602oou4a H.
ce nocBem.aBa Ha rocno.na, Ha KbW.aTa.
· X;rn6bT B pHc. N2 l 9 ce 1-1apH1.J:a ceemetf H e nocBeTeH tta cae-
Teu.a-noKpoBHTeJI.
. . B .JlOMCKO H BepKOBCKO Mecsn XJIH6oneTe, npe,ncTaBeHH B _pHC.
}fa16 H 25 (356). . ·
XJIHpoT . B pm... N216 ce HapHt.J:a 6020Bul{a H e nocaeTeH H~'.
6ora, Ha K'blll.aTa, a XJIH6a B pHc . N225 (356) ce 1;1ap11qa Aumypzufl·
H e nocBeTeH . Ha .cBe1eua-noKpos11TeJI .
B JloMcKo, BeJiorpa.n.t.J:HlllKO, KyJicKo H BH.II.HHCKO ocsett THSI XJIH-
6oBe MecHT om.e. e.n.HH, Hapet.J:eH ee"lepHutfa; 1-1ero Ka.nSIT seqepTa
cpei.ny caMHSI, cseTeu, T. e. c. Hero nocpem.aT npa3HHKa - cJiy)K6aTa.
Hat.J:epTaHHeTO Ha TOH ~JIH6 ce BH)K.Il.? ~ pHC . .N2164 - B JloM-
CKO: B Benorpa.II.t.J:HlllKO . ii KyJicKo TOH XJIH6 ce BH*.II.a P pHc . .N225,.
26; H 27 B )K. cTap., Ill, 289.. · ·
. B C. l.lHpeH, BpallaHCKO, MeCHT ,XJIH6oBeTe, npe.n.cTaBeHH B pHC .
N~l 6~ (358) H 27. .
XnH6'bT B pHC. ·.N2 163 ce K33Ba 60208Ul{a H _e TIOCBeTeH Ha 60-
ra,. ,Ha K'hlll.aTa; XJIJ16'bT B pHc . .N2 27 ce Ka3Ba napaKAuc HJIH ceeme4
H e IIOCBeTeH Ha CBeTeua-noKpOBHTeJI, ~a .n.eHH (npa_
3 HHKa) .
B ceJiaTa MaJiopaT, OHJia CJiaTHHa, KHe*a, OpHXOBC.KO·
MeCHT XJIH6oBere, -npe.n.cTaBeHH B pHC • .N2 26 (192) H . I 5.
XJIHO'bT B pHc . .N2 26 ( I Q2) ce Ka3Ba napaKAUC HJIH KoAa'I. H e-
nocoeTeH Ha cseTeua, ua ,nett.ff (npa3HHKa); XJIH6bT B p1:1c.. ·..N2 13-
ce Kaaea 602oeu4a H e nocBeTeH Ha K'bW.aTa, Ha 6o~a.
R c. MapalllKH TpocTeHHK,TTJieBeHcKo, MecSIT XJISI6ose, n _pe.n.-
craetHH B pHC. .N2 29 H 4;.~ 1. .
XJJH6'hT B pHc . .N2 2q ce Ka3Ba 602oeuqa H e nocBeTeH Ha 60--
ra If Ku1l!.aTa, ~ XJISI6bT B pHC. N2 431: ce Ka:3Ba KOAUK ii e TIOCBeTen
u-a-·tn~rciia, · 11.HeTo HMe· ce cJiaBH.
8 c. TypcKH TpocTeHHK, HHKonoJicKo, Mee.HT XJISI6oBeTe, npe.n.-
craeeH 11 ·e p1:1c. N2 35 H 348.
· XJIH6'bT B pHc. N2 35 ce Ka3Ba 602oeut1ia H e nocBeTeH Ha 60-
ra; a XJIH6'bT B N2 348 ce Ka3B3 KOAQK HJIH kpaeau H e IlOCBeTeH Ha-
CBeTeua, Ha npa3HHKiL · ·
B c. JlHTaKoB·o , OpxaHHHCKO, Mee.HT XJIH6oBe, npe,ncTaBeHH Bpm: .
Nf-15 H 94. . .
XJIH6~T . B pHc. ~215 _ce ~a3aa · 602oe~4a He riocaeTek Ha 6o~
s
ra,a XJJHO'bT pH~.N2 94 ce Ka3~a .11epKoeHuK He nocBeT~H Ha ripa3HHKa.
c:
_ _B JlonHH, TeTeBeHcKo, MecHT ·xJIH6oB~Te, npe,n~TaBeHH B pH:c .
N2 ·93 H 99.
716 ,l!HMHT'bP MAPHHOB

B c. Ko3ap BeJ1eHe, CBH.lUOBcKo, MecHT XJ1H60BeTe, '-IHeTo Haq~p-

TaHHe e npe)l.CTaBeH0 B pHC. N2 44 H 45.
BbB BCH'IKHTe JI.pyrH ceJla o6pe,ll.HH.Te XJIHt5ose Ha CJly.>K6a ca
CTO)l.06HH Ha XJIH60BeTe, KOH.TO ce MeCHT Ha reprbOB)l.eH, PaHreJIOB)l.eH
H CB. HH~OJla, K0HT0 He npe,ll.CTaBJIHBaT HHIU0 HOBO, 3aIU0T0 mapKHTe
HM ca e,ll.HaKBH c mapKHTe Ha nocoqemne XJ1H60Be. B noBe1IeTo· cny-
·tiaH 38 CJ1y.>K6a ce MeCHT XJIH6ose, KaKBHT0 Ha CB. HHKOJia H Ha PaH-
r eJioseneH.
K o JI H B o. OcBeH ro36H.Te H XJIH6oseTe Ha cJiy.>K6a ce npHr0TBH
ow.e H sapeHO .>KHTO. Tyfl BapeHO .>KHTO ce K83Ba K.OAU80 (OT KOJIH)
HJIH K_r,ttii (PycettcKo) .
)KHTOTO e lIHCTa nmeHHU.a, npHrOTBeHa HapolIHO 38 ~OJIHBO. Ka-
TO ce csapH, .>KHTOTO ce CMecsa C Me)l. HJIH CbC 3axap H CKbJilf.8HH
opexH. Tyfl cMecetto c opexH H 3axap· .>KH.T0 ce HacHnsa B ·Tenc1-rn HJIH
6..'IIO)l.O H ce fl0CHTIBa orrope C neqeH0 '-IHCT0 6palllHO,pa3MeceH0 CbC
CKbJIU.aHH opexH.
HHKb,ll.e ce Ka)l.H TbH 6e3 HHK8KBH mapKH, a B noseqeT0 MeCTa
TYH .>KHTO ce mapH CbC 3bpHa OT rp03,ll.e, CbC CTacpHAR (cyxo rpo3-
n,e), C pe3HH OT )l.lOJIH, H6bJIKH, a MH0ro PHAK0 H C pe3HH OT KPYlllH.
THH mapKH me 6b)l.8T nocoqeHH npH K0JIHB0T0 Ha CMbpT H npHH0C, .ne-
TO ca Haff-pa3H006pa3HH, a TYK me IlOCOlIHM caM0 HHKOJIK0 IlO)l.06irn,
KaT0 KaKBH ca mapKHTe B K0JIHB0TO. THH no,no6HH ca Ha XJIH6oBeTe.
AKO KOJIHBOTO ce mapH CbC 3bpHa OT rpo3,ne HJIH CTacpH,ll.H, lllap-
K11Te HMaT noµ.06He Ha mapKHTe B XJIH60BeTe B pHC.NQ 397' 398 . H
400; aK0 JIH rnapKH'!'e ce npaBHT C pe3HH OT )l.lOJIH HJ!H H61>JIKH, Torasa
TE." HMaT no.no6He Ha mapKHTe s pHC. NQ 392, 396, 399· 11 401.
HHKOH 6a6H, KaKBH'~0 65Ixa HanpHMep 6a6a B1>p6a,qepKOBHaTa
6a6a B c.PeceH, TbpHOBCKO, 6a6a To,ll.opa n. XpHcToBa (nona)l.HH)· B
<:. JlHTaKoso H 6a6a ,llotta Y3yH-HHKOJIOBa, c . lllHnKa, rnapHxa K0iIH-
sdTo C MH0f0 no-xy6aBH H CJI0:>KHH rnapKH, K0HT0 me 6b)l.8T nocoqeHH
B OT,ll.eJia 38 CMbpT H npHHOC.
)KHTOTO ce Ka.!(.H Ha Tpane3aTa 3ae)l.H0 C f036HTe H XJIH6oBeTe;
cne.n npeKa,ll.BaHeT0 TO CTaBa K0JIHB0.
TI p e K a .n s a H e T o. Tpane3aTa, 3a .na 61>,ll.e ocseTeHa H npeA-
.Jio:>KeHHTe npHH0WeHHH )l.a 61>,n~T npHeTJ{ OT CBeTeu.a-noKp0BHTeJI
·wnH .ll. y x a-n o K p o B H T e JI, Tp516Ba JI.a ce npeKaJUL
H51Kora Tyii npeKa,ll.BaHe e H3BbplllBaJI Haii-cTapHHT B 3aJI.pyraTa
cTaHeHHKbT. CeTHe., KoraTo BbB BCHK0 ceJio 3ano'-IHaJio JI.ace pbK0-
nonra c s em e HHK,TYH Ka,ll.eHe e H3BbplllB8HO OT Hero.Mttoro IlbTH 06a-
4e H ,nHecKa , KoraTo csemeHHKbT JIHncsa or ceno HJIH s ceJio e, ·tto
HHM~ Bb 3 MO.>KHOCT JI.a )l.OH,ll.e JI.a npeKa)I.H, Torasa TYH Ka)l.eHe H3Bbp-
uma naK HaH-CTapHHT B KbmaTa.
THH CJIYlIKH )l.HeC Ka o6aqe ca MH0ro pe)I.KH ; BCHKora lUe ce qa-
K a cBeLIJ.eHH K'hT µ.a )l.OHJI.e JI.a npeKaJI.H HJIH oqeTe Tpane3aTa .
K aJI.eHeTo ce H3Bbpwsa c r JIHHeHa KaJI.HJIHHU.a, Hape11eHa py-
lfKa, H C TeMHH.
pEJ1HI'H03HH 05Hl/AH
717
3. BEl/EPHHU,A

Be1.1epTa cpymy caMHH npa3HHK cJrnra ce MaJIKa

Tpi3fle38, H3 KOHTO Ce Ka_H HT CaMO -6JIH3KH pO)lHHHH HJIH C'bCe)lHTe .
Taff -rpane3a ce cJiara B ttecT Ha ceeTeu.a, c KOHTo ce npocpe11\a, noHe:me
ce BHpBa,qe ceeTeU.'bT-IlOKpOBHTeJI HJIH JlYX'bT-noKpOBHTeJI e ·.nolll'bJl
oru.e · aeqepTa.
Taff Tpane3a ce Ka3Ba Befll!pHut.fa. cTaKaaa Tpane3a ce cpe.ma
caMO B 3ana.nHa D'bJirapHH; B .npyrHTe KpaHma HHKOra e HMaJIO TaKa--
·B a Tpane3a, HO )lHeCKa H HHMa,
l'f eeqepHHU.a'ra ce Ka)lH,KaK-TO BCHKa Tpane3a, H Ha HeH HMa
o6pe}leH XJIH6, ro36H, KOJIHBO, caMO qe B TOH cnyqafl H51Ma TaKaea
Tbp.JKecTBeHOCT, K3KTO Ha caMHH npa3HHK.

4. JJ.EHf/T. llPA3HHK'hT

Ha Ca¥HH .neH :>KeH11Te ca CTaHaJIH paHo H e)lHH

OT T~X roTBHT ro36HTe, a .npyrHTe npHrOTBHT .npyr1-1Te HY:>KHH Hema,
33 JI.a ce· nocpemHaT roCTHTe, 6JIH~KH pOJlHHHH H KOMlllHH, ROHTO . ca
KaA.eCO)tU, fJOKaHeHH ow.e OT ae1.1epTa. .
,UoMOBJI3)lHKaTa, npeMeHeH B npa3HHtJHa npeMHHa, me OTH)le B-
qepKB3, aKO HMa TaKaBa B ceJIOTO, HJIH B MaHaCTHpa, aKO HMa 6JJH30
T3K'b8. B qepKB'3. w.e 60.ne OTHeceHO H KOJIHBO C XJIH6 .na ro OlleTe no-
ni>T. B TOBa epeMe :>KeHHTe ca rrpHrOTBHJIH H Hape.n.JiJIH Tpane3aTa,
CJIO}KHJIH Ha He.SI o6pe)lHHTe XJIH6oee, BHHO H KOJIHBO H ro36i,ne B-
rpbHUHTe rOTOBH, a netieHOTO no.n Bp'blllHHKa - eeqe onetieHQ.
Bet1e e o6H,n R rocTHTe ca .ZlOlllJIH . .llolll'bJI e H ceemeHHK'bT H pe--
.ll.'hT e .na ce Ka.nH.
. T p a n e 3 a. Tpane3aTa e C'bIIJ.aTa, KaKBaTo onHcax no-rope Ha
Eo.llHH · ee1:1ep. ·
Tion'bT 3HMa Ka.ZlHJIHHU.aTa, npeKa.nea Tpane3aTa c ro36HTe, xJI.H-
6oeeTe H KOJIHBOTO, KaTO o6HK8JIH U.HJiaTa Tpane3a TPH Il'bTH. TiocJJe
npeKa.neattero pe1Ke e.nHH oT o6pe)lHHTe XJIH6oee, a HMeHHo ceeme4a,
}I 3HMa nopH33HHK. XJI.SI6'bT 60208Ut{ll He ce pe:>Ke; TH CTOH. UHJia Ha
TpanesaTa. AKo e 3aKJiaH oeeH HJIH IllHJie,To rnaeaTa H KpaKaTa ·c a
ce-apeHH uenH; non'bT 3HMa yxoTo oT rnaeaTa H .nea KpaKa . .llpyraTa
ttacT ce pa3.npo6ea Ha Tpane3aTa H ce HJJ.e. .
TaH rpane3a ce He .nHra· U.HJI )I.eH. ro36HTe caMo ce npoM~HHBaT.
ToH .n.eH B TaH 3a.npyra e nHprnecTBO H BCeKH Il'bTHHK MO:>Ke )l.3
BJle3He H Jl,a ceJIHe Ha'. Tpane3aTa. Ha BCeKH HOB rOCT ce CJiara HOBa
ro36a, T.e. B Jl.pyra naHHU.a . .
AKO K'bW.aTa e 3aMO:>KHa,K8KBHTO ca 6HJIH. HHKOra . HalllHTe 3a-
.npyrH, 3a TOH .n.eH Ha rparre3aTa me ce HaMepsn e,nHH HJIH .nnaMa
CBHPU.M, -!J8YTapH HJIH ro)I.yJiapH, KOHTO me CBHpHT Ha fOCTHTe )I.a rH
eec~~T H w.e ne.SIT necHH . Ilpe)I.II01IHT8T ce TaKHBa CBHpUH, KOHTO ca
Ji BelllH neCHOilOHU.H. necHHTe, KOHTO ce rte.HT B TOSI CJiytiaH, ca HC-
718 JiHMl11''bP MA PH HOB

,OpHtteCKH. H pemffHO3HH H HOCHT · HMe mpane3ftU H,rrn ceiJaAHU ne-

CH u. JiionOBHH neCHH TyK· He M0raT )I.a ce neHT.
Tpane3ara ce ){Hra e)I.aa riocJie ioARMa eetlepR, T. e. aeqepra
MHOrO KbCHO.I1MaJIO e o6aqe CJiyqaH, KOraTO rOCTHTe Ca OCbMB3JIH
Ra Tpane3aTa H nocpew.aJIH )I.eHH, ttapt:>qeH namepui,a.
CJiy)K6ara e 3aMecreaJia .ll.HernltHH HMeH )I.en . .HMeH )I.eH mrnora
Hee 6H{[ TI03HaT. H )I.HecKa 3a crapHTe HaWH ceJIHHH HMeH ,ll.eH e He-
Il03HaT' a npa3HyBaT CJIY,>K6ata HJIH CBeTeua KaTO npa3HHK Ha KbW.aTa,
Jia ceMeikTBOTO.
TioHe>Ke JI.HecKa 3aJI.pynne ca H3'1e3HaJIH wor THX ca 06pa3ysa-
HH ceMeHCTBa lf°JIH KbW.H, TO :BbB BCHKO ceno w.e ce cpew.HaT TaKHBa
<'.Jiy'laH·, W.OTO e,ll.Ha CJiy)K63 _)1.a CJiymaT HJIH CJiaBHT )I.eCeTHHa, ' na H ·
TIOseqe ce:Me11cTea. ·

· 5. IIATEP/1~A

HapO.ll.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp.>K,llaBa, qe CBeTeU'bT·TIO·

'KPOBHTeJI CH OTHlli'b.TI, HOB 38.ll.pyraTa OCTaH ow.e HeroBaTa narepm.r.a,
·r. e. ToHrara MY, c KOHTO ce no,nnHpa. B qecT .Ha taH ·narepHua ce
-cJiara tpeTHH ,neH naK tpane3a, o6aqe aetie .MHoro cKpOMHa H 6e3
xa.n.eHe, 6e3 06pe1I.HH XJIH6oae H 6e3 K0JIHBO.
Ha· TaH tpane3a ce cJia,raT ro36H,KOHTO ca octaHaJIH OT npe.n.•
11HH )I.eH, CbIII.0 H XJIH6oeere. Ha Ta.ff tpane3a ,llOM0BJia)lHKaTa C )KeHa
~K w.e JI0MHT 6oeOBU[fllma, OT K0HTO e.n.HaTa TIOJI0BHHa 0CTaBHT i:ipe)J.
oHara, a .u.p y rara qynHT H H)laT Ha rpane3aTa .
TioJIOBHHaTa XJIH6 npH HKOHaTa nocJie OTHaCHT Ha HHBHTe H Ta-
HO .H pa3qynJJaT Ha CHTHH 3aJii.J.H H r_H XB'bpraT H3 HHBHTe 3a 6ora.
(C. JlHTaKoso, c. oHJia CJiaTHHa, c. PeceH, c. lliHnKa.) ToH o6H"!aH
-o6atie cow.ecrsysaJI HHKora, .nHecKa ro HH.Ma .

6. l/ACTHA. JJHC/HA CJJYJKSA

OcBeH ceMeJ'.r' naTa cJiy)K6a a MHOfO cJiy'laH H OT)leJI-

HriTe qJieHoBe B e,ll.Ha 38,n.pyra HMaT CB0H JIHtJHa cJiy)K6a, npa3HyBaT
.JIH'leH c~ereu . TaH CAy'JfC6a HJIH CAaBa e npe)\H3BHKaHa OT HHKaKBO npe-
Me)K)I.He C TOH 'IJieH OT 3a,np yrata.
4 oseK HJI H .nere OT e.u.Ha sa,npyra CJI Y'IH ce, ra npeMHHe HH-
-.KaKno qpeMe.>K,n.11e: pa360Jiee ce OT te.>KKa 6oJiecr,na.u.He c KOJia B HH·
KaKBa nponacr, rra.u.He B peKa, Hs6aBH ce ot· xaii)l.yUH HJIH OT .,l1.pyra
Hanacr. Hapo)].HOTO BH pBaHe y tsb p.>KJI.aBa , qe TYK e )].eHcTaysaJia HH-
1<.aKBa HeBH)].HMa He6ecHa CHJJa: HJIH aHreJI, MJIH HHKOH csereu, H.TIH
HHKaK'hB ,u,yx; npoqee H36aseHHHT tpH6aa )I.a OTJ.laBa 6Jiaro,llapeHHe!
,n-a ycrpoH CBOH npa3HHK. . · ..
Mttoro ffbTH sa JIH'leH csereu; sa JIH'IHa cJi y)K6a c·e _.110BH ,ll.e-
tHHT, ,- KofaTo ro cnoJI~TH~Q.. rrpeMe~ l-lHeTo,. Hanacrra; .Ho HMa c4yqa11.,
J(Of8TO H08HHT csereu HJIH CJiy>K6a ce .TIOBH no TaK'bB HaqHH.
p£JTHI'H03HH 05 . H'IAH 7I9
TioBHKaT ce BClfl-IKHTe TIO-CTapH Mb)Ke O'.f comaTa 3aJJ.pyra; JJ.O:. .
~{3WHl-1Te me HaroTBHT 3a H,[leHe f036H. Ha~-CTapHHT B KomaTa me 3e-
Me TpH soineHH caem.H H m.e Hapeqe BCHKa Ha HHKOH CBeTeu; THH cse-
lUH ine 6oJJ.8T 3aJieneHH no e)J.Ha. Ha. TPHTe KpaKa Ha C~JICKHH CTOJI TpH-
HO>KHHK. H TOH CTOJI, H3BbpHaT CbC Ce)J.a.,10To Ha11.o..1y, 1ue ce C.:JIO>i(H Ha
co4>paTa, KOHTO e noKpHTa c MecaJI. KaTo ce npeKa,nHT _c aemnTe,
BCHll.KHTe croemKaTa OKOJIO cocppara me ce npeKpbCTHT H CTapeUbT me
U3BHKa H36aaeHHH OT HanaCTTa llJieH B TYH ceMeikTBO H me ro no-
X8HH ,na ·3eMe e)J.Ha OT TpH:re 3anaJieHH caemn. ToH me ce npeKpbCTH
" me 3eMe eJJ.Ha caem. Toraaa CTapeu.1>T III.e ce npeKpocTH H me Ka:>1<e
BHCOKO: ,,Xaii,ne HeKa e lleCTHT H 6JiafOCJIOBeH CBeTeu (KOHTO aeqe
ce e na)J.HaJI - CB. HJIHH HJIH CB. reoprH, HJIH CB. ,llHMHTbp H np.). He-
Ka Te na3H H 3aKpHJIH OT 3JIO H HeKa TH 60,ne TIOMomHHK BbB BCHqKol"
.UpyrHTe ce npeKpbCTBaT, H BCHqKH Ka3BaT: ,,AMHH!" (C. JlHTaKOBO, c .
Ko3ap 6eJieHe, c. KaKpHHa .) ToH ttapelleH caereu me 61>.D.e JIHqHaTa
CJIV>K6a, JIHllHaTa CJiaBa Ha JIHUeTo. . ·
• TiocJie CH)J.aT JI.a H)J.aT H )J.a TIHHT.
HHKb)J.e TibK BHKaT MOMHllettue or· KOMWHHTe H TO 3HMa e)J.Ha OT
Tp1fTe caew.11. Toaa ce npaaw, Koraro JIHUero, KOero me CH JIOBH HOB
JIHlleH caeTeu, e cTap H 60.,1eH. (B)K. )I(. cTap., III, 305-306.) .
11HTepeCHO HBJieHHe cpew.Hax B MOHTe '1rncJie)J.BaHHH . CJiy:>1<6H ce
CJly.>KaT caMO 3HMHO apeMe. CJie)J. Karo e CBbpweHa BCHKaKBa IlOJic.Ka
pa6oTa. MHoro pHJJ.KO cJiy:>K6a cpew.ttax JIHTHO apeMe, H ro caMo JIHllHa
cJiy.>K6a .

7. CEMEfiHA CJIYJK.EA

CJiy.>K6ara, 3a KOHTO roaopnxMe, e ycTaHoaetta B

aaJJ.yrara, Koraio ca 6HJIH 3aeJJ.HO JJ.eceTHHa H noaeqe. ceMeikTBa.TnH
ceMeikraa H nocJie H3JIH3aHeTo or 38.D.pyraTa naK ca n po,llbJI)KaBaJIH
..zta npa3Hyaar TaH o6ma Ha UHJiaTa 3aJJ.pyra cJiy)K6a.06a11e nocJie oT,ne-
JIHHero HJIH nocJie pa3rypHHeT0, Ha 3aJJ.pyrara 3a HHKoe ceMeikrao
JlOWJia HHKaKBa roJIHMa HanacT,cnoJieTHJIO fH _HHKaKBO fOJIHMO Hema~
CTHe·: no.>Kap, HaBO)J.HeHHe, Hana)J.eHHe Ha ceMeHCTBOTO OT pa360HHHU.H
H JJ.pyrH THM no.uo6HH ttemacTHH, o'i' KoeTo ttem.acn1e ceMeikraoro ma-
CTJIHBO ·ce H36aBHJIO.
B TOH cJiyqaii HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe )'llH, qe TOBa lf36aBJieHHe e
)lOllIJIO OT caereua, KOHTO ce CJIY-llHJI Ha TOH )J.eH, H 3anOBH)J.Ba, Ill.OTO
TYH ceMeifcrao JI.a npa3Hyaa TOH )J.eH 3aHanpeJJ. Karo csoH cJiy)K6a. H
ceMeifcri3oro e xaamaJio TOH )J.eH 3a cnoH cJiy)K·6a H npa3Hyaa ro.
·no ·roH HallHH T)'H ceMeHCTBO HMa ,nae CJiy)K6H: e)J.HaTa ·Ha 3a-
..ztpyraTa, a .upyraTa caoH-ra. C ap~Me cJiy.>K6aTa Ha 3aJJ.pyraT.a ce H30 •
. u ~

·CTaBH', a OCTaH _caMO TaH Ha ceMeHCTBOTO, KOHTO ce npa3HyBa Karo

HCTHHCKa CJI)')i{6a .
720 Ji If M If "T 1, P M A P If .H O _B-·

8. ECHA<PCKA C.llYJK.EA

HHKora BCeKH ecHaq> e 6HJI )J.JI'b:>KeH .u.a CH H36~pe-

CBeTeu, KOHTO ce npHeMaJI KaTo noKpmrnTeJI Ha uemrn ecHaq>, Ha T6H
po,ll 3a_H HTHe.
. TaH CJiy:>K6a ce l-l36HpaJia OT BCH"llKH M8HCTOpH~ C'b6pa1-m B
~OH)J.:>Ka, HO npH H36Hpc1HeTo e HrpaJia Ba:>KHa poJIH Tpa,!I.HUH.SITa, K8TO-
KO~ CBeTeu e CJiy)l{6a Ha e.u.H-KOH _ C.H ecHaq> B .u.pyrHTe rpa.u.oae.1IpH
H36HpaHeTo Ha _cBeTeua BCHKOr~ ce 3HM8JI0 B Cb06pa:meHHe :>KHT(,fen>
Ha cseTeua, T. e. HerosoTo 3aHHTHe H HerosoTo cTpa.u.aHHe, H no-
T0$1 HallHH HHe cpemaMe e.u.Hoo6pa3He B ecHaq>CKHTe CJI:>K6H 8 p~3JJH-
qH}f MecTa. TaKa Ko:myxapure HaBCHKb)J.e HMaT cJiy:m6aTa CH Ha ~B .
Hmm, OT HerOBH.SI KO>KYX, KOHTO XB'bpJIHJI OT KOJieCHHUaTa CH .Ha np!)-
poK E3eKHH. lJexJiap1-t:re npa3~yeaT Ce. CnHp:H,!I.OH; 3H.U.apHTe H .ZUOJ.!re-
pHTe npa3Hyear AnocToJI ToMa, noHe>Ke e :>KHTHero MY ce Ka3Ba, qe 6HJI.
.rr,10Jirep1-rn, H n_p.
(3a ~cHacpcKara cJiy>K6a B>K. )K. _crap . ~ III, 303-304.)

r . OBPOK,nonKP'hCT, 3ATIHC

. 06poK (a 3ana,nHa · BonrapHH), noaKp~cm (s.

TIJieBeHcKo) , 3anuc) B Jloet1aHcKo, EnettcKo , TbpHoBcKo).

J. KAKBO HElll,0 E 05POI('bT?

8 0T,lI.eJia 38 BHpBaHHHTa ~apo,nHH BH.lI,HXMe, qe

Hapo.u.tto . BHpBaHe YTB'bp>K~aBa KaK BCHK.a 1J8CT OT ceJICK3T0 se-
MJrnme: JI03HT3, HHBHTe, JIHB8,!I.HTe, 6paHHmaTa H .u.py rH, HM3T .CBOK
cmonaHUH, ceH6HH. ToH CTOnaHHH e HJIH HeBH,lI,HM .U.YX,HJIH HHKOH CMOK,
HJIH 3MeH, HJIH open H np . ToH CT0naHHH na3H .iI03HTa, II83H HH.B~Te,
Il~3H JIHB8,lI,HTe H .u.pyrure qacTH OT ceJICKaT0 3eMJrnme OT CTHXHHHH
nospe.u.H: no:>Kap,· OT r pa.u.yurna, OT Haso.u.HeHHe. ·npoqe ·Tosa coru.o
Hapo.rr,HO BBpBHe e Hape,nHJIO, moTO B 3HaK H:a 6Jiaro.u.apHOCT Ha _TO..H
cTonaHHH ,n.a ce np1-rnacH :mepTBa c npa3HeHCTBO H nHpwecTBo c _K yp-
6aHH, neCHH, HrpH H CBHpKH .
no-K'bCHO·, Kor ar o xp HCTHHHCTBOTO e )J.OlllJIO, TO 6HJIO npirny.n.e-
HO .n.a npHeMe THH >K~praonpHHOWeHHH, o6aqe o6JieKJI0 e THH npa3HHH-
CTaBa B xpHCTHHHCKa o.u.e:m.u.a, KaTO 3aMeCTHJIO npe,!I.HlllHHH HeBH)J.HM
.n.yx 3MeH, 3MHHTa HJIH opeJi a, T. e. MHTH"lleCKH.SI CTOnaHHH, C qepKoBeH
caereu,. MHcroTo, .u.ero no-npe.u.H ca npaeHJIH nHpwecTea B qecT Ha cr o-
naHHHa, e_.ocraHaJio comoro, caMo qe H ryft MHCTO e H3.U.HrHaT KpacT
B 3HaK, qe TOBa MHCT0 e CBHTO.-
Toea npa3HeHCTBO ce Ka3Ba o6poK, or rJi ar oJia o6pHttaM, .zta-
. BaM :mepTBa. TioHe)l{e Ha TOBa _MHCTO HMa Kp'bCT C H3,!I.TIHC, TO "OTT3MO
Ca JJ.pyrHTe JJ,Be Ha3B8HHH: noaKp?Jcm U 3ClnUC.
Ha THH o6pOU.H no K'bCH0 ce SlBHB3JIH H.SI K0H 11y.u.ecHH .SIBJJeHHH H
peJIHrH03HH OSH'.JAH 721
nopaAH T0Ba OT o6pou.H npeo6pow.aHH ca B MaHaCTHpH. AKO JIH ca 6H-
JIH 6JIH30 AO ceJIOTO HJIH KpaH ceJIOT0, TO npeBp'b~3HH ca 6HnH B
U'bpKBK. .

2. K.YPEAH, TPAIIE3A JI llPEl(AJJ.BAHE

I( y p 6 a H. O6poK 6e3 Kyp6aH He MO)Ke. Kyp6a-

H'hT me 60.n.eTeneu., oBeH HJIH lllHJie. HHKora ca KJiaJIH H BOJI. Kyp6a-
H'hT e o6m,T. e. C'b6HpaT ce napH OT BCH'IKH ceJUIHH, KOHT0 HMaT
HMOT B )J.3,Zl.eHOTO KpaHW.~, H C TH.SI napH Ce KynyBa Kyp6aH'bT.
)KepTBaTa w.e ce 0TKapa Ha caM0T0 M.HCT0, )J.eT0 e o6pOK'hT, H
TaMo me ro KOJIH cTapeuoT, l<:OHTO e oTpe.n.eH 3a )Kpeu. KaTo ce 3a-
K0JIH )KHB0TH0T0, _CTapeU'bT w.e CJI0)KH K'bpBaBHH HO)K Ha nJioqaTc! HJIH
Ha Kp'bCTa, 33 ·.n.a ce HaMoKpH C Kp'bB, H T0raBa )KepTBaTa 6HJia npIUIT-
Ha Ha 6ora, Ha cBeTena .
.IT.pyre JIIO.ZI.e, o6H~HOBeHO n1>.n.apHTe, w.e o.n.epaT H oqHCT.HT 3a-
KJiaHaTa )KepTBa H w.e roTB.HT ro36aTa. AKO e B0JI HJIH TeJieu., TOH
me ce roTBH; aKo e oBeH HJIH lllHJie, Toraaa )KepTBaTa ce neqe Ha
IIJHlll H T'hH ueJIH ce Ka.ZI.HT, a nocJie npeKa.n.saHeTo ce .n.po(>.SIT 1-1 H,n;aT.
Ha nJieIIJKaTa Ha oseHa HJIH Ha lllHJieTo r Jie,n;aq'hT cTapeu. rn.e r Jie-
~a H me r a.n.ae 3a 60.n.emeTo Ha ceJioTo, KaKBo HMa .n.a cTaHe.
T p a n e 3 a H n p e Ka .ZI._B a He. KoraTo BcHqKo e np1-1roTBeHo,
cJI.ara ce .l('hJira Tpane3a.Ha Tpane3aTa ce cJiaraT o6pe,n;HH XJrn:6oBe,
f030aTa B K0TeJia ...J,fJIH UHJiaTa neqeHa )KepTBa H BHH0.
. XJIH6oBeTe ca MeceHH B ceJio H .ZI.0HeCeHH OT M'b)KeTe B Top6a
c BHH0TO B 6'bKJIHUaTa. Ha o6poKa npHC'bCTByBaT caM0 M'b)Ke. )l(eHHTe
He npHC'bCTByBaT, 0CBeH aK0 HHK0H CTapa 2KeHa e CJiyqaHHO MHHaJia
noKpaii o6poKa.
Tpane3aTa ce cJiara 6JIH3o .n;o Kp'bcTa HJIH KaM'bKa c nJioqaTa,
HO BCHKora no.n; ,Zl.'bpBeTaTa, 6e3 KaKBHT0 )l'bpBeTa o6poK He 6HBa.
Tion'hT e Hapo11Ho noKaHeH .n.a rrpeKa.n.H 1 pane3aTa _HJIH .n;a oqeTe
)KepTBaTa, Kyp6aHa. Tipe,n;H .n.a npeKa,n;H Tpane3aTa, npe.n;sapHTeJIHO
Il0il'bT CBeTH ao.n.a, Ta p'hCH Kp'bCTa, MHCT0T0, )l'bpBeTaTa H npHC'bC-
TBYB3111.HTe, a TaKa H Tpane3aTa. TiocJie cJie,n;Ba Ka,n;etteTo. Tip~Ka,n;aa-
HeTo ce H3B'bpll1Ba, KaT0 o6HKOJIH Il0II'bT TPH Il'bTH Tpane3aTa.
AKO Il0il'bT nopa.n.H pa3JIHIIHH npHIIHHH He )lOH)le, Toraaa Tpane-
3aTa ce npeKa)lBa OT HaH-CTapR51 ceJIHHHH.
3a Tpy.n;a CH Il0il'bT 3HMa 0CBeH B'b3Harpa:>K)leHHe napHqHo, 0111.e
H K0:>KaTa OT 3aKJiaH0T0 2KHB0TH0 H nopH33HHUH.
-TiocJie npeKa,n;BaHeT0 npHC'bCTBYB8111.HTe C.H)laT Ha TpanesaTa H
IlHpllleCTB0T0 HaqHHH. HHKora TYH nHpllleCTB0 ce IlP,H.n;py}l{aBaJI0 C My-
3HKa JI necHH, a 0111.e H C HrpH . .UHeCKa MY3HKa H neCHH'Ce ow.e cpe-
W.aT, HO HrpHTe ca npeMaXH3TH.

46
722 ll J1 M. H T '"b P M A. P J1 ff' Q B

j. KAK H KOI'A CE JJOBH HOB 05POK

Ilea ca cJiytiaHTe, Korato cTapHHT o6poK ce Hany-
cKa H ce JIOBH HOB.
TibpBHHT CJiyl!aH e, KoraTO B eJJ.HO KpaHrn.e CTaHe CTHXHHHO HB-
JieHHe: CHJieH rpa.LI., onycTormne JIHO ·HaBOJJ.HeHHe HJI H no>Kap. YJJ.apH
CHJieH rpa.LI. H onponactH UHJiaTa KYJITypa. ToH rpa.LI. ce cJiytJH, Ta
yJJ.apa H BTOpaTa fOJJ.HHa, na He ca peJJ.KH CJIYll8HTe, KOfaTO TaKaBa
:rpa.n.yrnKa yJJ.apa H TperaTa •Toea noKa3Ba, qe c~ap1rnT cTonaHHH HJIK
CBereu- ~oKpOBliTeJ I Ha TOBa Kpaurn.e e H30CTaBHJI TOBa 3eMJIHIII.e, H
Toraaa ce JIOBH HOB o6poK. CoIII.OTO CTaBa H a · cJiyqaHTe, KoraTO eJJ.-
HO I<paHrn.e ce OTBJieqe OT HaBOJJ.HeHHe HJIH 6oJJ.e onycTOllleHO OT no:>Kap.
KOH.TO ce· npHnHCBa 38 He6ecHO HaKa38HHe.
HoBHHT o6poK ce JIOBH HJIH Ha )I.eHH, KoraTO e CTaHaJIO CTH-
XHHHOTO .HBJieHH~ , HJIH IlbK qpe3 H36op . J,fa6opoT CTaBa, KaKTO ce Ka-
sa 3a H36HpaHeTo Ha JIHl!Ha cJiy:>K6a: 3anaJIH:r ce rpH ceern.11 eorn.eHH,
npeKa)I.B8T ce H IlOBHKBaT MOMl!e HJIH MOM'bK JJ.8 3eMe e,AHa ceern.. 3eMeHa-
Ta ceern., KOHTO e HapetieHa Iia HMeTo Ha HHKOH ceenrn, JIOCOl!Ba KOH
AeH H KOH ceenrn rn.e 60,Ae HOBHHT o6poK.
TiocJie TOBa OTHBaT Ha OTpeJJ.eHOTO 38 HOBHH o6poK MHCTO B
TYH KpaHrn.e, Karo ce r Jie.na, .III.OTO Ha TYH MHCTO ,Aa HMa k JiaJJ.eHtie H
,lI.'bpBeTa; TYK CBemeHHK'bT CBeTH BOJJ.8, nopoCBa UHJIOTO MHCTO, )J.eTO
w.e ce 3~lKona KpbCTbT HJIH KaMbKbT, CHTIBa OT TaH BO)J.a B H3KOil8H8.-
Ta JJ.ynKa H c TOB8 o6poK'bT e y cTaHOBeH. AKO )J.eHHT Ha caereua e
MHHaJI, C'b6paHHTe rn.e ce HarOCTHT H CH OTHBaT; aKo JIH Hee MHH8JI,
~oraaa sa TOH )I.eH npHrOTBHT Kyp6aH H JJ.pyrH Hern.a, sa JI.a ro npa3-
Hyaar C T'bp:>KeCTBO.
11Ma H T8KHB8 CJiyl!aH, III.OTO B eJJ.HO H CbIII.O KpaHme .na cpern.He-
Te HHKOJI KO o6poKa. Toe a HBJieHHe ce JJ.bJI)KH Ha THH npHl!HHH. Y .napH-
Jia rpa,AyrnKa B H3BeCTHO Kp.aHrn.e: HHBH HJIH JI03H, HO He y61rna UHJIO-
. TO KpaHrn.e, a caMO qacT OT Hero, a JJ.pyrHTe Jl 03H HJIH HRBH OCT8H8-
JHI HeBpeJViMH. CronaHHTe Ha y6HTHTe JI03H HJIH HHBH H3,AHraT HOB
o6poK Ha HMeTO Ha TOH CBeTHH, a J{OHTO )J.eH e y,AapHJia rpaJJ.yrnKara.
CbIII.OTO e H Koraro HaBOJJ.HeHHeTo e OTBJIHKJIO HJIH no>Kap'bT e YHH-
II(O:>KHJI caMO qacT OT e,AHO KpaHrn.e. '
B ropHHT cJiyqaif sa HOB o6poK e, KoraTo or JIHBaJJ.HTe ce npa-
B.HT HOBH JI03H , HOBH HHBH. Ha THH HOBH JI03.H H HOBH HHBH ycTaHOBH-
Ba ce HOB o6po K; TYH y cTaHOB.HBaHe CTaBa no HallHH H p eJJ., KaKTO
ce Kasa no-ro pe .
AKO He ce CJIYllH HHKaKBO CTH:XHHHO HBJieHHe, TOraaa CTapHHT
o6poK ce nasH. Tia3H ce H Toraaa, KoraTo ,u.npaeTaTa OTJJ.aBHa ca
1{3CbXH8JIJL TaKHBa CJiyl! aH He. ca pH,U.KO, KoraTO .e,A~H o6poK ce JI.bp-
)IHf, MaKap qe cnope,u. npe)J.aHHeTo e y cTaHoBeu or He3anoMHeH o ape-
Me. Ha MHCTOTO Ha crapHTe ,U.bpBeTa ca,zr.HT HOBH, HO naK ,Abp:>KaT CTa-
pmr o6poK.
p E JI ,' Hf . H O 3 H If O 6 11 If .A 1f 72·3
O6pOUHTe CTaBaT Cal\10 JIHTH0'Bj)eMe~ lfMa HHK'b,ne I{ np6n'eTH,
o6aqe eceH H 31-fMe HHKb.lle He cpe~Hax o6poK. (3a o6poKa B>K. )K.
ctap., Ill, 319-3-3-k)

ll. CBOP

I. KAKBO HEIIJ,O E CEOPI

Ka3axMe, qe BCHKO MHCT0 HMa csoii cTonaHHH. ToH

CT0naHH H e HeBH.l{HM ,nyx HJIH CM0K, 3MeH, opeJI. OT TOH CTonaHH H 38BH-
CH, J.U.0T0 e,nHa MeCTH0CT ,na 60,n.e 3ana3eHa OT HanaCTH, 6e,zv1, CTHXHHHH
~IBJiemrn HJIH 6oJieCTH. KoraTO me ce 3aCeJIH e,n.H0 ceJIO HHKb,!(e, Tibp·
Bara rpH>Ka Ha cTapu.ure e ,na H36epaT .no6po MHcro 3a ·ceJIHJ.U.e. lla.irn
e .no6po e,nH0 MHCT0 HJIH JI0III0 - T0Ba Il03HaBaT Bpaq,KHTe. KaTO ce.
np0H3Hece BpaqKaTa, qe MHCT0T0, H36paHO 3a ceJIHJ.U.e, e ,no6po, 38·
ceJIBaHeT0 ce HaqHHH.
KaTo ce 3acenu ceJioTo, nopaara rpH>Ka Ha crapLI.HTe e ,na H3-
6epaT ,neH 33 c6op, T. e. ,neH, B KOHTO m.e qecTByBaT H npa3HyBaT
)l y X .a-n 0 K p 0 B H T e JI H a C e JI 0 T 0. ToH ,neH ce JI36HpaJI HJIH
.u.eHH, Koraro e Cbrpa,neHa nbpBaTa K'bJ.U.8, HJIH IlbK H36HpaT ,neH no
HaqHH, K8KT0 38 o6poKa H CJiy.>K6aTa. .
E,nHH Il'bT H36paH ,neHHT 3a c6opa, -TOM He CMee ,na 60,ne npo-
MeHeH.
C6op'bT e. npa3HHK Ha l.(HJI0T0 ceJIO, KOHTO ce npa3HyBa MHOrO
no-T'bp>KecTBeHo OT BCeKH ,npyr npa3HHK , .nopH H OT BeJIHK,neH.
Or M0HTe H3CJie,nsaHHH ce ycTaH0BHBa, qe c6op'bT B MH0f0 CJIY·
qal:f He e CB'bp3aH C MeCTH0CTTa Ha ceJIHJ.U.eT0, T. e. C'bC CTonaHHHa
Ha ryH ceJIHII.I.e, a c naMeTTa Ha HHKOM cB_ereu, KOHTO ce cquTa 3a
noKp0BHTeJI He. Ha ceJIHII.I.eTO, a Ha ceJI0T0, T. e. Ha tJ0Bel.(HTe, K0HTO
C'bCT3BJIHBaT ceJI0T0. I1Ma ceJia, K0HT0 ca npeceJie HH Ha HOBO CeJIH-
rn.e, a c6op'bT HM e TOH ,neH, KOH!O e 6HJI H Ha craporo ceJIHJ.U.e. I1Ma
H T3KHBa CJiyqaH: ceJIHHH _, HHK0JIK 0 K'bIII.H, npeceJie HH H3 KIOcTeH -
.II.HJICK0 e lleJIHopMaH H ,llo6py,n>Ka H cocraBHJIH e,n.Ha MaxaJia, c6opnT
Ha THH MaXaJIH-CeJiua e crapHHT c6op, KaK'bBT0 e c6opbT Ha ceJI0T0,
or,nero ca npeceneHH.

2. llPEJlllPA3HEHCTBO HA CEOPA.
B£l!EPf! flPEJl CEOPA
· E,n.HO Ba>KH0 HBJieHHe ·cpemHa x a ceJICKHH c6op.
C6op'b'P Ha ceJI0T0 e Hanp. Cnacoe,neH. OTHBaTe a CeJI0TO Ha TOH .l(eH,
HO He 3a6eJie>KBaTe HHKaKB0 npa3HeHCTBO, HHKaKBa npa3HeHCTBeHa
BbHKaUJH0CT; ,nopH npe3 ,nett.SI me BHJ.l.HTe >KeHH B ,neJIHHl:IHHTe CH Ape-
XH nepaT, MeTaT, meTaT, KaKT0 BbB BCeKH ,neJIHHl:leH ,nett.
Cne.n: Karo MHHe nJia,nHe,' B ceJI0T0 HalIHHH npa3HH1:IHO Hacrpoe-
mre, o6Jiuqa ce B npa3HHqHa B'bHKallIH0C1. BceKH .l{B0p e 1101:IHCTeH'
K0MHHHTe 3anyurnaT -- 3HaK, qe 0K0JI0 0fHHW.eTO KHTIH YCHJieHa .p a6o:
724 JiHMHT'b P MAPffHQ!J

Ta; MOMHTe, 6VJIKHTe, KaKTO .H MOMUHTt! seqe CHOBaT H3 CeJICKHTe

YJIHUH npeMeHeHH, HaKHTeHH, HarHa,IJ,eHH. £TO ,IJ,OlllJia HKHHJlH·H, T.e·.
CJI'bHUeTo aeqe npeaaJIHJIO K'bM 3ana,u,, H raH,IJ,HTe IlHCHaJIH. E10 Bette
-Ii OT pa3JIH'IHHTe YJIHUH BJIH33T roCTH OT OKOJIHHTe ceJia.
C6op'bT ceJICKH CJie,noaaTeJIHO •Ce
H3'1HHH OT aeqepra Ha C3MHH
,n.eH Ha CBeTeua H Tpae n,pe3 neJIHH ,npyrH ,u,eH, KoraTO HHMa HHKa-
KbB npa3HHK.
Bet1epra e cJJ:o:>KeHa ,n.bJira c6opcKa Tpanesa, Ha KOHTO ca Ha-
cH,naJIH npHCTHrHaJIHTe rocTH H M'b:>KeTe OT KbIIJ.aTa . Ha rpan_
e 3aTa
c.naraT ro36H, XJIH6 H BHHO H T'bp:>KeCTBOTO Ha'IHHH: TO Tpae K'bCHO
CJie)l. IIOJIYHOIIJ., a B HHKOH K'l:HU.H JJ.OPH H KJienaJIOTO qepKOBHO 3aBapn
tocn1te Ha· tp~me3aTa. Tyii K.nenaJio- rH KaHH, qe apeMe e seqe .ila.
ce ,!I.Hr a raH rpane3a, samoro me• JJ.OH,ll.e .l{pyra.
Toaa nHprnecrao HHe HapeKoxMe rrpe,!I.npasHeHcrao; ce.'IRHHTe
ro HapH'laT ee11£pR npeo c6opa, a HHKb,!I.e eet.tepHUt{a,

3. CAMH}IT )J.EH. CEOP'bT

l.JepKOBHHHT CBeTeU, KOHTO ce C'IHTa 3a TIOKp9-

BHTeJI Ha ce.noro, e MHHaJI, o6aqe Heroaara naMer ce Ha'IHHH Ha ApyrHH
,ll.eH. B qepKaara [ HM a} ·ThpJKecTBeHa .nHryprm1; qerar ce KaHOHHTe
Jia sqeparnHHH npa3HHK; qepKBara e npenbJIHeHa c 6oroMOJIUH, npe-
MetteHH npa3HHqHo, Karo Ha BeJIHK)leH. CJie)1. CB.CJiy:>K6a BCeKH ce-
~'IHHHH 6op3a y ,l\OMa CH, .l{eTo fOCTHTe 11akar 33 o6H,rr.. •
)lo)J.eTo M'b:>Kere H no-crapHre :>KeHH ca 6HJIH a qepKaa, no-MJia-
,zr.Hre: CH3XH H)J.bIIJ.epH, ca nplffOTBHJIH 38 o6H)J.. Tpane3aTa e CJIO:>KeHa,
JlOKp'HTa C llHCT-MeCaJI, )1.'hJl'bf poqeHHK, npocTpHH no u.eJIHH KpaH .Ha
tpanesara, B'b3rJiaBHHU.H ca nocraaeHH OKOJIOBpocT, XJIH6oBe ca Ha-
pe.lleHH, naHHUH, C'hIIJ.O H Jl'b)KHUH. fo36Hre B roJieMHTe rpoHU.H ca
Kpaw ormrmerc, H 'laKar rocr 1-1. ,UornJIH ca M'b)Kere, ryK ca H rocrHre
H BCH'IKH HaCH,IJ,ar Ha.rpane3ara. TiocJie noqepnaaHe c paKHH o6H.IJ.'bT-
Ha'IHHH .
.UoMOBJl 8,IJ,HKaTa ce norpH)KHJI om.e OT no-paHO )I.a ycJIOBJ,( CBHp-
UH- r aw,1J,apH, ro.IJ.yJiapH,U.HryJiapH,6e3 KOHTOc6opor He 61-1sa )I.a M1rne.
K ar o ce IIOH8Sl,!I.8T, 33 ,II.a 6'b,!I.8T rocTHTe aeceJIH, MJI3,!I.HTe: ' MOMH,
MOMUU H 6yJlKH, me IlOHrp aH1 xopo OKOJIO rpane3ara.
C6opoT e Haw-roJieMHHT npa3HHK 33 cenRHHHa; BCeKH, H H8H-
6e,!I.HHSIT ceJIHHHH, 38 TOH ,!I.eH me e 38KJI8Jl no He rn1rne, a TI0-33MO:>KHH-
Te me 38KOJIHT no HHKOJIKO OBHH HJIH SIJIOBH OBUH. Ha c6op ce KQJIHT
H KOKOlIIKH, H.CBHHe, 3amoro Tp.H6Ba )I.8 ce 38IIOMHH, 'le Ha c6op Tpa-
ne3aTa ce He K,8.JJ,H, HHMa HHKaKBH o6pe)I.HH XJIH~oee, HHMa HHKaKBa
peJIHfH03HOCT. C6opoT e 'IHCTOe,IJ,HO MHpCKO nHprneCTBO, KaKTO H rpa~
ne3aTa Ha CBaT6a H Ha ~P'bIIJ.eHe. JlHncara Ha TaH peJIHfH03HOCT H ' HB-
JieHHeTo, qe C60pbT Ce npa3HYB3JI H~ B C8MHH )l.eH Ha CBeTeu_a, a
ea .11.pyrm1 JJ.eH, TYH P.OBe)i{JJ.a JJ.O aaKJIIO'leH:ne, qe c6op'hr ce npa3Hyaa
· l'EJT NrH0 3HH 66H1 /AH 725
He B ?ecT Ha cs~Teu a, a B 11ecT H~ ,z:tp-yr ~yx, .n:yxa 1ta H-HKoi'i roHaK
or ryH ceJio, K0HT0 ce HBHBaJI KaTo n0Kpoa1 1Ten Ha TYii ·ce.no. ,
Tpane3 ara, KaKTo H Ha cny»<6 a, He ce .z:tHra HHKak ,z:to aeqep-
Ta H BCeKH ffbTHHK J:fJIH CTpaHeH M0»<e 6e3 HHKaKB 0 CTecHeHHe ,n;a
BJie3H~ B K0HT0 Korn.a HCKa H ,z:ta ce,n;He ,n;a ce HaxpaH H H HarroH.

4 . XOPOTO

C6opoT 6e3 xopo He M0}Ke ,n;a MHlle. TiocJie rrJia,n;He

acHqKHTe MJia,ZJ;H ca CB060,z:tHH OT K'bW.Ha pa6oTa . MOMH, M0MUH H 6yJIKH
0CT3BSIT Ha no-cTap HTe ,z:ta CJiyrys aT Ha f0CTHTe H ,n;a meTaT 0K0JI0 Tpa-
ne3aTa, a Te HaTpy<peHlf 0THBaT Ha xoponm n.eTo, MHCT0, ,n;eTo ce npa-
BH CeJICK0T0 xopo H ,n;eTo cera nH'iI.VIT 3YPJilf, ,n;yMKaT T'bnaHH, 6poM-
'13T ro,n;yJIKH, UHryJIK H H IlHI.IJ.HT raii,nH:
nocJie HKHH,ZJ;IUI H TI0-CTapHTe »<eHH ca npeMeHeHH H 0THBaT Ha
xoporo, a TaKa H M'h»<eTe.
Ha Tpane3 aTa ca 0CTaHaJIH C'bB'bpIIIeHo CTapuH , KOHT0 rrpH
sayKa Ha raii,n;aT a,uHryn KaTa HJIH ro,nynK aTa npo;ZI.'h.'l}KaBaT ,n;a no,n;-
cna,n;BaT (3aMe3BaT) BHH0TO ,n;a B'bpBH II0-CJia,ZJ;KO H CH npHK33 BaT H3
MHHa~HTe BpeMeHa CB0HTe naTHJia .
XopoTO e Kp_or, H TO MH0ro.r o.'lHM, B KOHTO ca yJioBeHH BCHtJKH
M0MH H M0MUR H BCH'l~H 6yJIKH a ceJIOTO. ,Uo BCSIKa M0Ma me HMa 11
M0M'bK; caMo 6yJIKHTe ca HaJIOBHJIH OT,ZJ;eJIH0 B xoporo ; ,AO 6yJIKa HH-
KOH He CMee ,n;a ce XBaHe, HHT0 Il'bK TH CMee ,n;a ce XBaHe ,AO HHKOH
.M'b}K. 113KJUOtJeHHe rrpaBHT M'b}l{'bT Ha 6yJIKaT a, 6par H HJIH 6paT'bT Ha
M'h}Ka ii (,n;eaepD~ if).
Xoporo rpae MHoro apeMe; HHKOH He cMee ,n;a ro pa3BaJIH . Xo-
poTo ce pa3BaJIH caMo KoraTO MOMHTe neCHOilOHKH, KOHT0 rreHT rrec-
HH H no 'IHHTO MeJIO,I:tHH Hrpae xoporo , ca CB'bplIIHJIH TeKCTa Ha ne-
ceHTa HJIH CBHpUHTe ce yceTHJIH yMopeH H. Torairn xopoTo ce pa3Ba-
Jrn ., HO Il0CJie KpaTKO BpeMe OTHOBO ce Ha'IHHH.
Xoporo cencxo Ha coop e HaH-rH3JJ.aBaTa rJ1e,n;Ka H HaH-BeJIH-
qaaoro yKpame_ HHe Ha TOH Hapoi(e H 06H11afl - c6opa.
C6opoT ce cpel.l.la HaBCHKo,n;e, B'hB BCH'lKHTe Kpa1-nu.a Ha Eorrra-
pHSJ. CeJio 6e3 coop HHMa.

5. JIOBH JIH CE HOB CEOP, KOFA H KAK

KaKTO crroMeHaxMe ryK no-rope , c6opor Ha e,n;tto

ceno He M0}Ke ,n;a 60,n;e npoMeH eH. ToH c6op ce JJ.op}KH JJ.OpH ~ roraaa ,
Koraro CeJI0TO ce npeceJI H OT e}J.HO ceJIHIII.e B ,n;pyro HJIH OT e,n;Ho MHCT0 B
.npyro, KaKnBTO e c11yqaHT c 6oJirap Hre B Eecapa 6HH H ,Uo6py ,n;)Ka,.
K0HTO ca npeceJieHH H:3 O,n;pHHCKO; THH 6oJirap H ca 33)1.'bp}KaJI H K3KTO
HMeT0 Ha CTapor o CH ceJio, TaKa H_ crapHH CH ceJICKH c6op.
O6aqe aKo roaa ceno 60,n;e Hana,n;ttaro OT 11y Ma, x onepa H APY-
rH HanacTH ; aKO ro qecT0 6ae rpa,n;; aK0 ro HOCH HaB0,ZJ;HeHHe HnK
726 ~ H M H 'F "b P M A P -H If O B

ro Han-au.a Of'bH, B TaK'bB cnyqai{ B.ffpBaHeTo Hapo,n:HO YTB'hp)K)J;aBa, qe

JJ.YX'bT HJIH CBeTeU'bT-IlOKpOBHTeJI e H30CTIIBHJI ceJIOTO H He ro na3H
aeqe H CJie)J.OBaTeJIHO ceJIHHHTe TJH16Ba )I.a npH6SffHaT K'bM HOB CBe-
Teu.
Cn6HpaT ce cTapuHre, C'bBeI..UaBaT ce H Karo ce y6eJJ.HT, 11e e
HY)l{HO )I.a ce· noBH HOB CBeTeu, )I.a ce .ycTpOHBa HOB c6op, npHCT'bII-
BaT K'bM H36opa Ha CBeTeua.
TIOTI'bT I.IJ,e CBeTH BO)J.a, ~e pnCH BCHtlKH, me 3anaJIH rpH BOI.IJ,eHH
CBeI.IJ,H, KOHTO Hap1-111a Ha TPH CE'eTUH, Ha TPH npa3HHKa H THH csem.H
;3anenBa Ha roJieMHH qepKOBeH cBeID.Hl:IK. HaH-CTapHHT OT ceJIHHHTe
w.e npHCT'bTIH, I..U.e ce npeKp'bCTH H I..U.e 3eMe e)J.Ha CBeil(.
Toraea non'bT .I..U.e l:13B.HKa: ,,HeKa HH e 11ecTHT H 6narocJioBeH
COOp Ha CB. Tpoaua!" HJIH Ha JJ.pyr npa3Hl:IK H TOH npa3HHK Ce npo-.
rnacHBa 3a c6op Ha Ty11 ceno.
AKO HHMa CBeI.IJ,eHJiK H aKo HHMa 11epKBa, TOH oo~e)J. ce t-13J3'bprn-
Ba Ha o6poKa, KOHTO e B ceJIOTO. TaKa e CTaBaJIO HHKOra .
Coop'bT CTaBa caMO JIHTI:IO . eper.1e, OT feprbOB)J.eH Ha11-paHO, na
JJ.O )l.HMHTpOB)J.eH HaH-K'bCHO, HO BCHKOra B 6.TJa)l{HO BpeMe; npe3 noc-
TH c6op HHMa.
 f .n.a ea e r,o p ~
1/.. HEPE P,OBH H, YCJIO BH1H
OEPE P.H H OEHl/ AH

TyK H)laT OHHH o6pe)lH H peJIHfH03 HH H . MHTH-

trecKH O~HtJ3H, KOHTO ce B'bplliaT YCJIOBHO , T. e. ToraBa, KOf3TO ce IlOHBH
HJ:>K)la OT THX.
THH o6pe)lH H o6HtJaH <;a:

. A. nEnEPY nA
,,- ToH 06HtJa11 HO<;H pa3JIHtJHH HMeHa · . nenepyaa
(o6'mo HMe Haac·HK'h)le), neMnepy2a ..(3ana)lH a BoJirapH H), nenepy2,
pocoMaH,c-a·crpoH , DHpOT, H1n11
(.llynHHU a, CTpyra, DaHar10p Hme),
BpaHH), aoaoAa HJIH aoaoAapK a (Cf!HJJJ.OOCKO, TopHOBCKO).

1. KAKBOE llEllEPYJ J.A H KOFA CE YCTPOf/ BA?

Tienepy)l aTa e o6HtJaii HJIH o6pe;n, KOHTo HHKora,

npe)lH CTO H noBetJe fO)l.HHH, ce npaBeJI pe)lOBHO BCHKO JIHTO npe3 Meceq
IOHH HJIH T'bH HapetJeH nempOBCKU .Mece4 . .llHeCKa TOH oope)l H3B'bpllIB3T
caMO ~KoraTO H3CT'bilH )l'bJira tyma, OOHKHOBeHo· npe3 . Meceu ·. IOJIH..
HHKora ce npaae.TI pe)lOBHO H npe)lH )la HaCT'bTIH cyma, a cera
ce npaBH caMo c.TTe)l KaTo HaCT'hnH cyma, Ta )la ce MaxHe cymaTa,
)la .BaJJH )l'b:>K~. Gnope)l 6a6a MapHH, c. TiarnaKbOH, 6a6a Mopq:>a, c.
L{epeKhOH, H 6a6a Bop6a, c. PeceH, TOH o6pe~ ce npaaeJI B tJecT Ha
CB. HJIHH' KOHTO OTKJIIOtJBaJI He6eTo H )l3B3JI )l'b:>K)l HJIH 33KJIIOG:BaJI ro,
Ta npaBHJI cyma. Tienepy) laTa caMo Mo:meJia )la H)le npH Hero H )la ro
MO.'IH 33 )l'b:>K)l.

2. CAMATA llEllEPYJ J,A H HEf!HOT O TPY<PHJ J

K O e M O M H q e M O )K e .n a 6 'b .n e n e n e-·
p y )l a? ITenepy) laTa H3BCHK'b )le cpemaMe MOMHtJe; He IlO-fOJIHM O OT
IO -12 r. B BHTOJICKO H KocTypc Ko e I2-ro,nHUJHo; s 3ana,nHa B'h.,'Ira-
pHH- I0-12-ro.nnwHo; B ITaHarIOpHme e 12-ro,nHWHO; B c.Mapall IKH
Tp'hcTeHHK, ITJieBeHcKo, c. TypcKH Tp1>cTeHHK, HHKon one Ko, c. Ban-
BaH H C. PeceH, T'hpHOBCKO, e I~-fO)lHillHO; B c. PHill, ITpec;JiaBcKo,·
c. Tio,neec, KapHo6aTCKO, H H8BCHK'b)le e· 10-12-ro ,nHlllHO , T. e.
MOMH1Ie, KOeTO ome .na HSIMa nepHO)l, .na e 'IUcmo. JlpyroTo YCJIOBHe
. sa nen_ epy,naTa ce HSHCKBa, m.oTo Tyii MOMH'le .na 61>)le uam"&pco,c.
I
728 P.HMHT'bP MAP-HHOB

usm"6pC'6K, U3m7Jpcii'ie, T. e. Il0CJle,l{H0 ,lJ.eTe Ha MaiiKa CH, MaiiKa My

,ll.a ce Be11e oTp0.l(HJia.
Ho e MHoro M'btIHo ,l{a ce onpe.l(eJIH KOH >KeHa ce oTp0.l(HJla, 3a-
w.oTo ce CJIYtIBaJio, . W.0T0 }KeHa, 3a K0HT0 ce MHCJieJI0, qe seqe HHMa
)1.a HMa ,l{eu.a H HeHHOTO MOMHtie ca 3HMaJIH 38 nenepy.l(a, CJle.l( T0Ba e
Tp'brBaJia Tpy.n.Ha H pa>K)J.aJia - a TOBa C'bCTaBJIHBaJIO roJIHM0 3JI0,
roJIHMa HanacT 3a ceJI0To; aKo CJie,l{ K8T0 MO~H1IeT0 X0)J.HJI0 nenepy-
.21.a, MaHKa MY e Tp'brHaJia Tpy.n.Ha, TO B ceJIOT0 HaMeCT0 )J.'b)K)J. ,l{a BaJIH
6He rpa.n., a caMOTO MOMI-l'Ie CTaBaJIO w.ypo. ETO aaw.o B HHK0H MeCTa
(Tp 'bHCKO H TIHpOTCKO) )J.OIIIJIH )1.0 TOBa cpe)J.CTBO: KoraTO w.e H36HpaT
MOMHtie, rne.n.aT .n.a HaMepHT H -3eMaT TaK0Ba MOMHtie, tlHHT0 MaiiKa e
e.n.oauu.a nonpeMHHana )KeHa H HHMa aeqe .n.a ce )KeHH, HH ,l{a pa>K.n.a,
H KOeTO MOMH'le e po.n.eHo cne.n. CM'bpTTa Ha 6ai.U.a CH .
KaKTO ce BH)K)J.a OT H3JIO)KeHOTO, rOJIHMa rpH)Ka ce IIOJiara :::>KO-
JIO H36HpaHeTO Ha nenepy.n.aTa - MOMHtieT0 .n.a 60.n.e tIHCT0 H HeBHHHO
H nocne Hero .n.a ce He pa)K.n.a .n.pyro qe,l{o. TyK nenepy.n.aTa ce HBH-
aa KaTo e.n.HH BH)J. }Kpu:u.a. aecTaJIKa.
T p y cp H .TI o T o H a n e n e p y .n. a T a. Tienepy.n.aTa e H3-
6paHa. Cera H)J.e pe.n. .n.a H HaTpycpHT, T. e. HaKHTHT. TpycpHJIOTO ce
C'bCTOH OT 3eJieHHJIO. Tyii 3eJieHHJIO HaBCHK'b)J.e e 67,ae, a B TiaHanopH-
rn.e e 6ytteHUUl, cMeceH c pocaAUfl, T. e. poceH. B KocTypcKo H BHTOJI-
c Ko cnope.n. cae.n.eHHHTa B C6HY (XII, 157) nenepy.n.aTa ce KHTH c IIIH-
poKoJIHCTHO r'bCTO xpacTe, HO He e Ka3aHO HMeTO Ha TYH xpacTe; no
BCHKa BepoHTHOCT TYH .JllP0K0JIHCTH0 xpacTe He w.e 6-b.n.e .n.pyro 0CBeH
naK 6~3e. B TpoHCKO H TIHpoTcKo pocoMaHKa ~Ht.HT c u.aeTH H 1,w~Kil.
TyK no.n. JtyMaTa MocKii ce pa36Hpa ·o6eneHa Bop6oaa Kopa.
M oMHtJeTo-nenepyJta co6JIHtJaT no pH3HII.a ; KocaTa H e pa3rrne-
Tetta; Ha r nan aTa ii m.e TYPHT aetteu. OT TYH seneHHJIO, HO OT aeHeu.a
Ha)J.oJiy HMa npoBHCHaJIH u.eJIH cTp'bKOBe . OT paMeHeTe Ha)I.OJIY II.H-
JIOTO THJIO Ao Ha)}. K0JieHeTe e IIOKpHTO C u.eJIH . CTp'bKo·a e 6'b3e HJIH
6yqeHHIII, H8B'bp3aHH r'bCT0 Ha Kporone, OT K0HT0 ropHHHT Kp'br CTH-
ra IIO-)I.OJIHHH OT Hero. KaTO ·Hrpae rrerrepy.n.aTa, THH Kp'br0Be OTCKa-
qaT H Tor aaa ce BH)K)la qacT OT THJIOT0, KOeTO e o6JietieHO B pH3a.
B )J.BeTe CH poue nerrepy.n.aTa )J.'bp)KH )I.Ba CTp'bKa OT C'bI.I.J.OTO 3eJieHHJIO.
Lio.n.eTO .n.p y r u:Te MOMH neHT CBOHTe 11rpHBI-l rreCHH, nenepy.n.aTa
Hrpae Ha e.n.Ho MHCTO. TaH u:rpa B TiaHar10pu:w.e 6a6a MapHHa 1Io6peaa
H B c. Knu:cypa 6a6a ToTa .5Ipo MKaTa H 6a6a feHa TieTpoaa HapHqaT
nocaiJHUK; CKatJa .Ha e)I.HO MHCTO H ce B'bpTI-i B KOJieJio , KaTO Maxa C
.n.neTe cu: p1>u.e. llo.n.eTo Hrpae H ce Bopni , nenepy.n.aTa pocH BCHtJKH,
KOHT0 ca HaCTaHJIH OK0JIO H~H H )J.OMaWHI-ITe, B l!HHT0 Kblll.3 Hrpae.
TaKa HaKHTeHa, nerrepy.l(aTa Tp'brBa C. MOMHTe, K0HT0 w.e rreHT
n e rr e p y r a pc K H T e n e c H H. T HH M0MH ca.neceT-)1.Baija)leceT;
HMa H .n.pyrH )J.Be-TpH ,M0MH'leTa, K0HT0 I.I.J.e BbplliaT qepHaTa pa6oTa,
T. e. Te H0CHT Top6H H .n.pyr C'b)J., B KOHTO TypraT, Ill.OTO HM rro,zJ.apHT.
ITpe.z:r.11 ,l{a TpbrHaT no .npyrHTe Kblll.11, . Te HatJHHHT OT TaH l<nW.8,
,u.ero e cTaBaJio rrpu:roTBHHeTo Ha rrenep y.n.aTa .
 .pSJTJJrH03 HH OBffC/.AH 729
flecHOilOHKHTe MOMH ce pa3,neJIHT Ha .nae rpynH: ner H ner HJIH
ruecr H weer, n neHT necHHTe nope.n, a B roaa apeMe nenepyt{aTa .Hr-
pae Ha noca.nHHK. Karo nottHar .na neHT H nenepyAaTa .u.a Hrpae, cro-
naHKaTa H3HHCa KOTJie C BO)(a H MaJIKO BHHO; BO)(aTa H BHHOTO H3JIH-
Ba Bnpxy nenepy.nara H. TH, Karo Maxa c pnuere cir H Hrpae, pocH
scHqKH .l{OM3lllHH, KOHTO ca· HaCTaHaJIH 6JIH30 OKOJIO H~H. TiocJie TOBa
cronaHKara I..IJ,e OT'bpttH H I..IJ,e .l{OHece a CHTOTO 6palllHO, OT KOeTO MaJI-
KO nocHBa Ha){ rnaaara Ha nenepy.nara, a hpyroro H3CHnBa B rop6a-
Ta tta nenepyrapcKHTe MOMHttera. LI.aaar om.e Karo no.napoK: Maeno,
CHpeHe, JIYK H .npyrH HeI..IJ,a 3a n.i{eHe, KOH KaKBOTO o6Hqa H HMa. THH
Hern.a ce ry)K.l{ar ace noor,neJIHO.
3a ne~epy.nara cneuHaJIHO HMa npHrorseH oco6eH .nap: lllaMHH,
napH, o6eqKH HJIH .npyro KumuAo. ToH nenepyrapcKH .nap ce .naaa Ha
e,&Ha or MOl\rnTe, KoHro· nocne rH .naaa Ha nenepy.nara.

3. llECHHTE

TiecHHTe ca o6pe,nHH; re ce neHr caMo npH TOH cnyqaa

" HHKOra .npyr Il'bT. B pa3JIHt{HHTe KpaHI..IJ,a H o6JiaCTH re ca pa3JIHt{HH,
-06aqe ace ce BH)K,na e,u.Ha H,neH, e.nHo C'h,Abp)KaHHe, a HMeHHO, qe ne-
nepy.n.ara e JieTHJia OKOJIO 6ora H ro MOJIHJia .na .na.ne CHTeH HJIH po-
ceH JJ.b)KJJ.eu ,u.a ttaMoKpH 3eMHTa, .na ce po.nH nllleHHUa, pb)K, npoco,
'BHHO H .upyro norpe6HO 38 xpaHa Ha CHpOMaCHTe H CHpaUHTe.
Ero THH necHH, KaKTO ce nesiT B pa3JIHqHHTe KpaHI..IJ,a.
B JloMcKo, BH.AHHCKo, Be.rwrpa,nqHIIIKO n KyJicKo:

Tierrepyra xo,nellle, xo.u.ellle,

Ta ce 6ory MoJiellle, MoJiellle:
- lI.aH, 6o)Ke, ,Ab)K,A, .na11, 6o)Ke, ,Ab)K,,:(,
LI.a ce pOt.{H )KHTO, npoco, Ht{MHK,
KyKypy3, BHHO, Kpacraamrr,1,
Haii-MHOfO ,AbJifOTO (ryJioBe).
II! .Llaii, 6o)Ke, ,A'h.>K,n, .na11, 6o)Ke, ,Ab)K,A!

( B
THH Kpamn.a )I.Hee XO.II.HT UHraHKH .n.a neHT, 3aTOBa H rrpe-
1-UfWHHTe crapHHCKH neCHH ca u3qe3HaJIH.)
B c. MaparnKH TpocTeHHK, TIJieaeHcKo:
Tienepy)I.a xol(erne, xo.u.ellle,
Ta ce 6ory MOJiewe, MOJiellle:
- )la11, 6o)Ke, ,Ab.>KJJ., .na», oo)Ke, .Ab.>KJ~,
)la ce po,nH. )KHTO, npoco, Ht{MHK .
.Lla ee nbJJHHT . KOlllOBere, xaM6ap1ne •.
6a6a ,Uparatta
130 · ' )J. H M ff T, 'b fl M ·.i\ P H H O •B-

B C; . TypcKH TpncTeHHK, HHKonoJioKo:

TienepyJJ.a JieTerne, JieTerne,
C 6'b3eTo ce M51Tarne, MSITarne,
Ta ce 6ory MoJierne., Monerne:
- ,Uafl, 6mKe, JJ.'h>KJJ., JJ.afl, 6o>Ke, ,11.'h>K.Zl,
,Ua ce po,zrH pn>K, ,11.a ce po,11.H pn>K,
)KHTO, npoco, . HqMHK, BHHO,
,Uafl, . 6o>Ke, ,11.b>KJJ..
Ba6a Pyca H H KOJIOBa H 6a6a OeHa MtrntteBa

B c. JlHTaKoao, OpxaHHHCKO:
JleT neTHJia nenepyra CHTHa poca, ,11.pe6eH JJ.o>K,11.eu,
OT opaqH ,n_o Konaq11. ,Ua ~apocH, .n.a ttaMOKpH
Opaq CTOl:I Ha opaJIO, C1rnop1ne no noJieTo,
A Konaq Ha MOTHKa TioKpai'i ,UyttaB CHBO CT3JJ.O,
. l1 ce MH.1IHO 6ory MOJ151T: C1-rno cra)lo, >KbJITo npoco.
- ,Uafl HH, 6o>Ke, CHTHa poca, ,Uafl ,6o~e,JJ.o>KJJ., )J.aft,6o>Ke,JJ.o)K)l.
Ba6a BnJIKaHa

B c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, Camn.oacKo:

Tienepy,11.a Jieta,
Tipe.n 6ora ce Mera
H MHJIHO ce Mo.rm:
- ,Uaw, 6o>Ke, JJ.o>KJJ.eu.
,Ua ce poJI.H >KHTO,
,U~ ce pOJJ.H po>K,
,Ua ce po.n.H npoco H np.,
KaTo ce nape>KJJ.aT BcHqK1ne Ky.1TypttH pacTeHHH, KOHTO ce ceHT B.
noJiet 0 B TOH KpaiL
B TiaHanopm.11,e:
JleTHJi a e nenepyra,
,Uaii, 6o>Ke, JI.b>K)l.179
Or opaqa Ha Konaqa,
l1 ce 6ory Mo.rprna:
- ,Uaii, 6o>Ke, JJ.b>KJJ.,
,Ua ce poJJ.H >KHTO, npoco,
)KHTO, npoco H nqeHHUa,
OT ){Ba KJiaca lllHHHK )KHTO,
OT lleTHpH - TIOJIOBHHU.a , 80

79 .,naH, 6o>Ke, ce n o erapSI CJieA BCeKH

)1.1,>K.ll" ::nix.
80 llo.1t08HUlia e WHHHK MSlpKa , 12 OKH.
:P E .R H ·r H ·o 3 H H O -B H 'I A H

}la ce xpaHHT cHpat1eTa,

Hae ,n;a ,n;apHT C'bC CHTOT0,
.lla e CHTa fO,ll;HHaTa,
LI.a e CHTa KaTO CHTO. 8l
Ba6a Ma'p1rna, 6a6a .Ua.zta

B c. K'b3'hKJIHce, Ko3bJlarat1Ko:
Jlen1J1a e nerrepyAa
OT QBtJapH Ha Konaim.
JleKOM JieTH, . 6ora MOJIH:
- .lla.H MH, 6oX<e, CHTeH ){'b)K){eu.,
Jla HapOCH XapHO IIOJie, ·
.lla ce po,n;H X<HTO, BHHO,
)KHTO, BHHO, )KbJITO npoco:
TTtJeHHU.HTe ,n;o rpe,n;Hre,
A po)KOBe ,n;o crpexHre,
.lla ce xpaHHT CHpOMaCH,
CHpoMacH H cHpauH,
TToBeqe ca cHpaU-HTe,
TTo-MaJIKO ca M3HlJHHHTe,
{Ma11tJHHHTe, 6aW.HHHT~.
'noJIHBaHTe C'bC BO,ll;HUa
'.. lla e pocHa ro,n;Httara.
:.llapyBaHre C'bC CHTOTO
,]la e CHTa fO,lJ.HHaral

B c. TopHOBO npn Ce11MeH, XacKOBCKO:

TTenepy,n;a JieTH
11 no noJie xo,n;H,
Ta ce 6ory MOJIH:
- .lla11 HH, 60.>Ke, ,A'h.>K,n;eu
.lla Ha.pocH HHBH,
.lla ce po,nH ..>KHT0,
A HaH-Mttoro npocol
Ba6a Pa.n;a TotthOBa

B c. Pmn, TTpecJialicKo:
TTenepy,n;a JieTHJia, JieTHJia,
Ta ce 6ory MOJIHJia, MOJIHJia:
- 1J.ai% MH, 60.>Ke, ,n;'pe6eH .l{'h.>K,n;eu., ,n;'h.>K,n;eu
.lla rropacHe )KHTOTO, .>KHTOTO,
TIO .>KHTOTO - po.>KeTO, pb.>KeTO,
no po.>KeTO - HlfMHK'hT, HqMHK'bT,
no HlJMHKa - npOCOTO, np0COTO,
no npocOT0 - 0BeC'bT' OBeC'bT,
no. 0Beca - · BHHOT0, BHHOT0.
5l ,n;aH, 6yJI~," CHTOT0, CHTO~0,

81 TyK J{yMara ,,CHTO-CIUO" 3HaqH f'hCTO CHTO, Ta H HHBaTa )ta 6'b·.zte Har'bCTO·
noKpHTa C'hC CHOne.nporHBHO Ha ,,CHTO" e ,n;yMaTa ,,rJia)tHO"; xoraro HMa npa3HHHa:
Me)KJtY r pe.ztara Jl 6HJioro, r .e. He e npHKJIOHeHo .zto6pe, Ka3Ba ce: ,,oute e rna.ztflo"
HMa npa3HO MHcr o; H3nycHaro np'hTe B nJiera , Ka3ea ce: ,,ryKa nJier 1,r e rna.zte ft" ~
732 ,QH.MHf'bP MAPIIHOB

na BH e CHTa ro,nHHa, f0AHH3

Karo 6HJia KonpHHa, KonpHHa.
Ba6a )KeKa Baifosa

B .c. Eianattoao, .[{ynttHlllKO :

Tienepyro, Jieryrol JleTHHHHTe, 3HMHHHHTe,
Baii, ,ny,noJie, aaif 182 ,lla ce po,nR .:>KKTO, npoto,
llenepyra Jierena, .[{a Ce xpaHHT CHpOM3CH,
Or BHp Ha BHP xo,nHna CHp.oMacH H capauH.
11 ce 6ory M0JIHJia: 5I no,naifre CbC CH'J:OT0
- XB~lHH, 60>Ke, JieTHa poca .[{a e CHTa fO,Z{HHaTa,
Jla HaBa,nHM JieTHHHHTe, ,lla HanpaBHM 6ory . KoJiaK.
Ba6a 3aHa
B rp. TipHJien H TipHJiencKo:
TyKa TOH o6Hqaif e o6JieqeH B qepK0BHO-XpHCTHHHCK0 06J1eKJIO,
·Ho nee naK Herosara MHTJ{11ecKa <popMa e 3ana3eHa. .
Koraro craHe roJIHMa cyma, npaBH ce np:>Kecraetta qepK0BHa
JIHTH.H CbC csemeHHUH H U.HJIOTO ceJIO H3JIH33 B noJiero, .nero ce H3-
BbpIIIB3 MO.'le6eH 33 ,Z{b)K,Z{ cno·pe.n qepKOBHHTe ycraHOBJielIH.H. Ho no-
Kpaif ryfl qepKOBHO MOJieHHe Mc ryii 11epK0BHO mecraHe BbpBHT H M0-
MHTe nenepyzapu, KOHT0 OT CBOH crpaHa neHr CB0Hra MOJie6Ha neceH.
Toaa M0J'IeHHe ryK HOCH Ha3BaHHe n0Kp1,cmu. Ero C'h,n'hp:>KaHHeTo Ha
·TaH necett:
K'hpcrH H0CaM, 6ora MOJiaM: UapeaKure - .l(0 rpe,nHre;
- focno,nH noMHJiyfi. 83 Or ,naa KJiaca - IIIHHHK :>KHT0,
,lla 3apOCH CHrHa poca, Or ,nae 3bpHa - ,nae MewHHH;
CHrHa poca 6epHKerHa, Tio IlOJiero - Men H MJIHKO,
.lla ttaea,nH 6epHKero, Me.!( H MJIHKO, BHHO, :>KHTO:
BepHKeTO - BHHO, :>KHro; ,lla ce paHaT CHpOM3CH,
TI11eHHUHTe - .no IlOHCH, CupoMacH, cHpaquHH.
A 1>p:>KHTe -:- ,no crpeHre,
C6HY, VIII, 122,

B BHr OJICKO:
H enepy,na xo.l(eme, X0Jl.eme,
Ta ce 6ory MoJieme, MoJiewe.
Off JieJie, Jl.YJl.O Jiel
(3 a :>Kanocr He e npe,na,neHa U.HJiara neceH; cb6Hpa'l'bT caMo
-r yil 6eJie:>KH, qe npH aceKH crux ce noarapHr AYMffre: ,,On JieJie.
JJ.YJJ.Y Jiel" C6HY-, XU, 157.)
82 ,,Baff, AYAOne, BaH" ce nosrapll npH BceKH CTHX.
83
[T03H npHneB ce H3nflB<!- no )\Ba m,TH cne.it BCeKH CTHX.)
pE.JIHrH03HH OB H 'lA ff 733

-B Ctpyra:
OrneTana npenepyra, OH nIOJie, oiU
Or opaqa Ha opaqa, OH. n10ne, OHi
Or Konaqa .Ha Kona'la, OH nione, oHI
Or pe_m aqa Ha pe:>Ka'la; OH JI10ne, oiU
Jla• 3apocHT CHTHa poca, oA n10ne,oiil
CHTHa poca 6epHKeTHa, OH nwne, oiil
M no none, H no _M ope; OH n10ne, o'rtl
.ila -ce pO,ll.HT 6epHKeTH, OH n10ne, OHi
QepHKeTH BHHO, :>KHTo;· OH n10ne, oiil
Il'leHHUHTe Jl.O rpe,ll.H_
Te, OH JI10ne OH l
5lqMeHHTe ,ll.O CTpeXHTe, OH JIIOJie, OHi'
JleHOPeTe ,ll.O DORCH, OH JIIOne, ofit
Y.poBHTe ,ll.O KoneHa; OH JI~ne, OHi
.na-ce paHHT CHp0MaCH. OH JIIOJie, OH! .
llapysaiiTe HH C'bC CHTOTO oii JIIOJI~,. oHl
}la e CHTa ro,ll.HHaTa; OH JI10Jie oH!
llapysaHTe HH c'hc CIIIHHUa OH JI10Jie, oHl
,lla e Il'bJIHa KOIIIHHUaTa; OH JII0:1Ie, OHi .
llapysaHTe HH c'hc HMa'la oH· JIIOJie,. oH!
lla e TY'IHa ro,nHHaTa. oii JI10Jie, oHI
MHJI., .N'2660. ,

B c. Ilo,ll.Bec, Kapao6aTcKo:
Tienepy;l.{a JieTa ,lla HapocH :>KHTO
}13 BO,ll.a ce MHTa 11 KH'leCTO npoco,
11 6ory ce MOJ.IH: 11 11.pe6aa po>K'lliua
,llaii, 6o>Ke, Jl.'h>K,ll.eu ·s a 11.pe6aH ,neq1u1.a.

B IlHpOTCKO:
Hrpana e nenepyra,
OH Jl..Yll.Y ne, Baii ll.Yll.Y . net
.llaH MH, 6o>Ke, cinea Jl.'b>KJl.'hK,
OH Jl.YJJ.Y ne, ·Baii 11.YJl.Y ne!
.lla .3apocH CHTHa. poca,
OH lJ.Yll.Y ne, Baii JJ.YJJ.Y nef
ncn. , XVIII, -1885, 453
Ila nopocH 6eJio Il0Jie,
OH ,ny,ny ne, BaH ,ny,ny net
.[{a ce pOJl.H po>K, nrueain1.a,
OH· Jl.Yll.Y ne, BaH 11.y.ny Jie[
,lla ce xpaHaT CHpaqeTa,
OH P.Yll.Y ne, aaii .ny.ny nel

ComaTa neceH neHT H a TpoHCKo.

734 JiHMHT"bP MAPHHOB

4. PA3Hl1TE OEJ1l/Al1 llP/1 llEllEPYJJ.ATA

TipH H3B'bpurnaHeTO Ha TOH o6pe)J. B pa3JIH'IHHTe

J<pamn.a HMa 06HqaH , KOHTO He ca o6m.H.
B TpoHCKO MOMHTe C pOCOAWH.Kama OTHBaT Ha BCH'IKHTe KJia)J.eH-
,UH H qernMH. 1'13 TI'bTH KOrOTO cpem.HaT, pocoMaHKaTa ro nopbCBa H
'.BceKH nopoceH e )lJI'b>KeH )I.a noAapH Hem.o. AKo HM )J.a,l{e napH, poco-
M~HKaTa ro caMo nopocaa; aKo JIH OTKa)Ke ,!{a )J.a)J.e Hem.o no.u.apoK,
'TOraBa MOMaTa, KOHTO HOCH KOTJieTO C BO)J.aTa, TIJIHCBa UHJIOTO KOT-
.Jie Ha Hero. T y K He rJie,l{aT KOH H KaK'hB e qoaeK.
Tioc.lle OTHBaT Ha peKaTa H TYK BCH'IKH ce OKbnBaT C .u.pexHre
2ae.u.Ho, HaJIHBaT KOTeJia c BOAa H naK ce Bpbm.aT B ceJio. Kato BJie3-
. '.Har B ceJio, pa3,lJ.eJIHT ce Ha )I.Be rpynH. EJ{HaTa rpyna c pocoMaHKa-
·ta Tpbr Ba no KbllI.HTe ,!{a npocHT H BCeKH HM ,naBa KaKBOTO HMa H
!l{3KBOTO >KeJiae: MaCJIO, COJI , MJIHKO, CHpeHe H .npyro. 11.pyraTa rpyna
1p'hrBa no ce.TioTo .na Kone, .n.e Koro cpem.tte. AKo HHKOH HM .rtaJJ.e na-
pu, T. e. JJ.a ce OTKYTIH, re ro caMO nop'bCBaT; He )J.a)J.e JIH HM HH-
J.U.O, Tero OKbnBaT, Karo nJIHCHaT Bbpxy Hero ueJIHH KOTeJI. TyK He
-ce rJie,l{a KOH H K3K'bB e llOBeK: CTap HJIH MJia)J., CHpoMax HJIH 6oraT,
.M'b>K HJIH )KeHa, na .u.opH H caMHH non, H CaMHH KMeT.
3a THH CBOH )J.eHHHH THH MOMH He Morar HHTO JJ.3 ce HaKa3B8T'
HHTO .u.a HM ce npaBH Apyra naKOCT. (3a HeHaKa3yeMOCTTa B nOJJ.06HH
-cny'IaH B>K. )l(. crap ., IV, 40, 41, a TaKa C'bllI.O H·MoHTa cryAHH B IOpH-
.'JJ.HqecKH nperJieJJ., 1895, nOJJ. 3arJiaBHe: ,,HeHa~a3yeMHT~ )J.eHHHH
•-cnopeA Hapo.u.Horo o6H'laHHO npaao".) _
Karo CB'bprnaT o6HI{OJIKaTa 113 ceJIOTO, BCH'IKH ce C'b6Hpar B
K'bm.ara Ha B,lJ.OBHUaTa, ,lJ.eTO ca npHrOTBHJIH pocoMaHKaTa, [.u.om.epH
Ha T33H B,l{<;)BHUa, ] H T3MO OTHHCaT BCHllKO, m.o ca C'b6paJIH. B.llOBH~
u,a1a om.e OT no-paHo e npu:roTBHJia XJIH6 H ro36a 3a pocoMaH.1wme HJIH
1yoyAume. T yK, Karo npeotfaeKaT pocoMaHI<aTa, CHJJ.aT ){a SJ.l{aT. KoJI-
Koro napH HMa cb6paHH, JJ.eJIHT rH no paBHO, caMo qe Ha pocoMaHKa-
ra JI.aBaT e,l{Ha qacr noBe'le Karo HarpaJ{a 3a no-roJIHMOTO H yqacrHe H
.1O-rOJIHMaTa 33CJiy ra .
KoJJKoro ocratte or co6paHaTa c~p1,eoAuH.1ca, ryff ocraBHT Ha
'B)J.OBHUaTa.
ToH o6uqaii cpem.Hax a TpoHCKo, ·6ocHJierpaJI.CKO, Bpe3HHlllKO,
.UapH6po.rr.cKo; a C'hui.HHT o6H'laH HMa B'bB BpaHHHCKo, JlecKoee'IKO H
.HH111Ko. Cpem.Ha x ro B HHKOH ceJia H B Pa.l{OMHpCKO, KOHTO npHH3,llJie-
_)KaT K'bM nJieMeTO 2paX08lfU HJIH 2paxoeo.
B c. Tio,l{sec, K apHo6arcKo, BeJI.Hara c.lle.l{ caop111saHeTo Ha nene-
_pyJ{aTa yctpmrnar I'epMaH - o6peJI.eH o6H'laH, 3a KOHTO m.e rosopHM
ae)l.ttara TYK nopeJI.. 3apaAH t oea TYK Ha nenep yJI.apHre no.n.apHBaT:
6panrno, MaCJIO, JIYK H )J.pyrH Hem.a, HO r y Ka THH Hem.a )J.aBaT 33 no;
-ttUBUAO, T. e. 33 npHHOC Ha CM'bpT' IlOHe>Ke o6H~aHT fepMaH e o6H'l3H
33 norpe6eHHe H THH Hem.a r OTBHT, HO He 33 eeceJI6a, KaKTq e B APY-"'
p£JTH TH03 HH OEHt JAH 735.
nne MecTa, a 3a tKpb6, 3a npliHoc . (Ba6a KaJIHHK a KeHesa H ·6a-··
6a .llparaH a Bo.1Ko na.)
B c. TonJier n, fa6pos cKo, nenepy. n.aTa ea .n.pHnH. TH rrpe.n.cTaB•
JIHBa 6yAKa H BMeCTO 6yJiqHH CKH C)1 KaH HO"CH Korn Ha rJiaBaT a CH; npH
6yJIKaTa HMa MOMHqe, KOeTo npe,ncTaBJIHBa Mb)KbT Ha 6yJIKaT a. ITpe3
BCHlJKOTO speMe, .n.o.n.eTo XO,AHT no ~bllI.HTe H H3 ceJIOTO, Te H .n.saMa-
Ta zoeeRm, T. e. He npHKa3 B8T HHKaK.
MoMHTe , KOHTO XO,AHT H neHT, ca .n.se, HO Morar ,u.a 6b,naT H
IIOBeqe. KoraTO MOMHTe CBbpllla T neceHT a, KOHTO H3JIO)KHXMe no-rope ,
6yJIKaT a, npn.n.py )KeHa c ,,Mb}Ka ", OTHBa H l.leJiyBa P·b Ka Ha CTOrraHKaTa,
KOHTO .H no.n.apHBa napH H .n.pyrn He11I.a. (Map1u1 JleKosa .)
B C. Ko3ap BeJieHe , CBHllI.OBCKO, ce K33BaT aoao/lU HJIH aoao-
.11apKu H. He ca 6bJirap KH, ~ UHraHK H. H TYK HMa nenepy.n.a, KOeTO e
UHranqe MOMJtqe H B rroseqe To CJiyqaH fOJIO, noKpHTO C r'bCTO 6b3e H
ce · K83B8 aoiJoAa.
JJ,oiJoAKtl!ne TYK rJie,naT no BCeKH HaqHH )I.a OTKpa.n.HaT Hern.o H3
K'bW.HTe, B KOHTO B.'IH38T ' KaTO Jlb)KIHJ.a, MeTJia, 6yxaJIK a, a oco6HO
no.Mem (napuaJ I, c Koi1:ro ce Mere nern.ra) HJIH ,u.pyr.I He11I.a, KOHTO
o6HKHOBeHo CTOHT BbH B ,u.aopa. TpH6Ba ,u.a ce 3a6e.'l~ H H TOBa, qe
.llO.ll.OJIKHTe He Kpa,IJ;aT' HHTO 6HBa .n.a ce Kpa.n.e OT ~CH Ka Korn.a, a car-.10
OT TaKaBa, .n.eTO M'b)KbT H )KeHaTa ca I1bpBO BeHtIHJIO. AKO He MoraT
HHW.O ){a OKpa,u.aT, Te H3JIHBaT BOJI.a B H'bllI.BHTe. Tyi1: npaBHT , 38 .n.a MO-
raT .n.a pa3CbpA HT CTOTiaHKata, 3aI.IJ.OTO HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe jTBbp)K.n.a-
Ba, qe caMO Torasa 11I.HJIO .n.a BaJIH Jl.b)KJI., H TO KOJIKOTO noBeqe ce pa3-
CbpJI.H CTonaH KaTa, TOJIKO rroseqe JI.b)KJI. 11I.e HMa.
llo.n.eTo .n.o,u.oJIKHTe neHT, .n.o.n.onara Hrpae H B roaa speMe cro-
0

naHKaTa H3JIHBa Bopxy HeH UHJI KOTeJI C so.n.a, a ceTHe H3HHCa, KaK-
BOTO )KeJiae H KaKBOTO HMa: CHpeHe, MaCJIO, Bb.'IHa, 6palllHO H BCHlIKO
rosa e s cHTO, Koero I.IJ.e TpocHe Ha.n. rJiasara irn .n.o.n.oJiata. KaTo
TpbrHaT .n.o.n.oJI HTe .n.a CH H3J1H3aT, CTOnaHKaTa me TbPKYJIHe CHTOTO
CJie)J. THX H 11I.e r .rre.n.a .n.aJIH CHTOTO I.IJ.e na;n.He saxJiyne HO HJIH OTXJiyneHO.
OrxJiyne HOTO CHTO TIOK83Ba roJIHMO XJie6opo.n.He H ITJIOJI.OponHe, a
33XJiyneHOTO noKa3B a OCKbJI.HO x,ne6opo.n.He.
HHKOra .n.o.n.o.'IKH ca XOJI.HJ.IH 6bJirap KH H se.n.ttara CJie.n. JI.0.ll.OJI-
J<ara ca npaBHJIH fepMaH . l{HecKa , noHe)Ke XOJI.HT U.Hf3HKH' TO 6bJirap -
CKHTe MOMH ca npHrOTBHJIH BCHqKO H· HJ.OM UlffaHK HTe CBbpWa T C .n.o-
.ll.OJiaTa, Te rrpaBHT fepMaH . . (Ba6a. MHqa H .TJHt'iqesa.)
B ITaHar10pHI.IJ.e, KaTo o6HKOJIHT ue.TJIHI rpa.n. c nenepyzama, ne-
nepyrap Hre I.IJ.e OTH,AaT Ha peKaTa H Tal\10 I.IJ.e XBbpJIHT 6ypeHT a OT ne-
nepyraT a, a TH me ce rypHe UHJia BbB eoaara H nocae ll.le ce npeo6-
~eqe B npHrOT BeHoro H o6JieKJ io :
)lpyrH MOMH B TOBa speMe ca OTHeCJIH HbllI.BH H 6parnHO H Ta:-.10
B peKaTa, .n.eTo HMa ymoKa ( B peKaTa c y xo MHCTO OT IJHCbK), H TYK
Ha TTHC'bKa rn.e HaKJia.n.ar OfbH, I.IJ.e. OMeCHT nHTa II B TaH )Ka p I.IJ.e one-
KaT IJHTaTa. ITenepy .n.ara 3ae.n.Ho C .n.pyrHTe MOMH me OTH,AaT Ha TaH
736 P.HMHT1,P MJ.PffHoa

fToKa H l3CHIIKH ·s-aeJJ,."O ~e H3HJJ,.a-T nHTaTa. no TOH H811HH TYK OB'bp3-

BaT nenepy,a.aTa c fepMaHa.
IlenepyiJ.aTa Tp'brBa He no-paHO OT MQA'bK o6.RiJ .H XO.l{H He no-
K'bCHO OT HKHH,Il.HH, HO · HHKOra ee 'rpae JJ.O 38XO.Il. CJI'bHUe.

B. fEPMAH
KaJIOHHqo (c. nawaKbOH, c . K'b3'h}~Jl'H"Ce,
c . Kapa6yHap)

1. B KAK.BO CE C'bCTOH 05 PEJJ.'bT I'EPMAH?

no-rope BHJJ.S!XMe, qe Ha 12 MaH HMa npaaHeHCTB0

8 qecT Ha I'epMaf-l zpaiJymKap, KoeTo He 6HBa JJ.a ce cMecsa c o6peJJ.a
H o6HqaH I'epMaH.
TyK HMaMe cpew.a He c npa3HHK, a c o6pe,neH 061:1qaH, KOHTO
ce B'bpIIIH caMO KoraTO H8CT'bilH cyma HJIH Il'bK KoraTO H8CT'bilH .K HIIIa~
T. e. KoraTO BaJIH MHOfO H JJ.'bJifO BpeMe, Ta npHHaCH rOJIHMa Bpe,na
Ha HHBHTe, 3aIII.OTO Hapo.n.HaTa HayKa y 11:u H Ka3Ba : ,,Or cyIIia rraK
Hemo, HO OT KHIIIa HHIII.O." II

TOH o6HtJaH, KaKTO m.e ce BH,n.H, HOCH norpe6aJieH xapaKTep~

T . e . H3B'bpIIIBaT ce BCHtJKHTe o6pe.n.H H o6HtJaH, KaKBHT0 ce B'bpIIIat.
npH norpe6ettHe Ha M'bpTseu. fepMaH ce npeJJ.CTaBJIHBa 3a yMpHJI H ro
norpe6aaT c BCHtIKHTe norpe6aJ1HH 06pe.n.11.

2.KAK CE ITPABH I'EPMAH: YCTPOllCTBOTOMY

Ka3axMe, 11e fepMal{ ce npaB:u B .n.aa cny11aH: _

KOraTO HMa JJ.'bJira cy ma H K0raTO HMa JJ.'bJira KHIIIa.!Jopa)J.H T0Ba _
r epMaH
ce y cTpoHBa B JJ.Be cpopMH: fepMaH aa JJ.'bJKJJ. :u fepMaH 3a cyma.
f e p M a H 3 a ,I{ 'b JK ,n.. O61..UaTa cpOpMa Ha TOH f epMaH ce BHJK,n.a
B p Hc. N2 466.
Toii ce npaBH OT KaJI, fJIHHa H npe.n.cTaBJIHBa tJOBeIIIKaTa cpH-
r yp a c BCHtJKHTe H t1acT11: r n asa, poue, KpaKa. TaH tJoBemka cpHry- ·
pa e MoJK; JKeHcKa q>Hr ypa He M0JKe, He ·9Hsa JJ.a 6oJJ.e fepMaH; aHa-
tJH fepMaH e M'bJK K0 C'bI..IJ.eCTB0. foJieMHHaTa Ha repMaHa, Ka'KT0 ro
cp~r.n.Hax B cenaTa: CTy 6e~, AJITHMHp, Kosap Benette, TiamaKhoii, HH-
Ma B .Il.'bJIJKHHa noseqe OT Il0JIO'BHH MeT'bp . B tJOBeIIIKaTa q>Hrypa MOMH-
Te, K0HTO r o n p aBHT, Bemo oqepTaBaT BCHtJKHTe no.n.po6HH qaeTH Ha
qosemKOTO THJIO. QqH npaB.HT C .n.ae 3'bpHa Ha qepBeHa uapeBHUa HJIH
,Z{P·e MaJIKH B'brJieHqe Ta ; 38 BeJK)J.H r y JK,n.aT JJ.Be T'bHKH H3BHTH Haqep-
HeHH np'bllHUH; ycTaTa MY npaBHT c HO:>K. Ha rJiaBaTa MY ryJK,n.aT qep-.
BeHa manKa, ttapet1eHa B 3 apa.n.Ha B oJirapHH :u TineaeHcKo noaKannuK;
TOH IlOJJ.K8IlHHK TYK e qepynKaTa OT BeJIHK,Z{eHCKOTO HHUe H TO OHYH, ·
KOeTO ce CtIYilHJIO II'bpBO Ha Tpane3 e'J'.a. TipH ycTpOHBaHeTo Ha fepMa ..
Ha {le 38QpaBHT JJ.OpH H M'bJKKHH tJJie H . PoUeTe Ha fepMaHa ~e 6'b.zt8T1
 pE.JTHI'H0 3IIH 05HlJAH 737
Kp'bCT0CaHH Ha r'bpJJ.HTe, K8KTO ce npaBH o6HKHOBeHo C BCeKH YMPHJJ
lJOBeK.
B c. AJITHMHp, OpHXOBCKO,KoraTo npaBHT q>Hrypara ml fepMaHa
OT KaJI, yJiaB.HT :>Ka6a H :>KHBa H ry>KJJ.aT B KopeMa Ha fepMaHa. YcTaTa
H8 )Ka6ara me OCTaBHT .n.a 6'bJJ.8T OTBOpeHH. HHKora y6HBaJIH )Ka6ara H
Mopraa H rypraJIH B KopeMa. (Ea6a K'hHa TierKoBa .)
CJie.ZI. Karo HanpaBHT q:mrypara Ha fepMaHa, nOJiaraT ro B caH-
)l'bK M'bpTBelilKH, HanpaBeH OT )l.'bCKH, OKHqBaT ro C u.senr, ry>K)I.aT MY
a pou.ere sometta cBem H ce Hape)K.n.ar HaoKoJio MY H HaqHHHT -.n.a ro
on.rrnKBaT, KaKTO BCeKH M.'bpTaeu..
B rp. TereBeHe H B TeTeBeHcKo - c. JionHH, c. JlecH.n.peH H .n.p.,
npaBHT fepMaH KYKJia, o6aqe raa KyKJia e or napu.aJIH.
B c. MapamKH TpbcTeHHK, IlJieBeHcKo,fe pMaHa npaBHTOT MeTna,
K8KB8TO o6HKHOBeHO ynorpe6HBaT no ceJJaTa OT MeTJIHqHHa (xpacre
noJICKO), HO TaH MeTJia TpH6Ba HenpeMeHHO )J.a e OTKpa_AHaTa OT ne-
nepy.n.apKHTe M0MH H3 HHKOH K'blll.8. ToH repMaH OT MeTJia cpem.Hax ca-
MO B Mapau,ume, e.n.Ho IJJJeMe B IlJieBeHCKO, a BCHK'b,ne Ha .n.pyro M.HC-
TO repMaH e OT rJIHHa. l1Ma fepMaH OT MeTJia, HO TOH ce ycrpofrna,
KaKro me BII..II.HM ryK ,II.ony, cpemy JI.'b)KJI., 3a cyma.
f e p M a H 3 a C y III a. To.SI fepMaH e OT MeTJia; Ta.H MeTJJa
e OT MeTJIHqHHa, KOHTO ce 6epe o6HKHOBeHO Ha EHbOB)I.eH (B.>K.
crp. 112).
Mernara ce yBHBa B napu.aJIH, a ,np'b2KKara ce ycrpo.Hea Karo
. rJiaBa c 0tJH, Be)KJJ.H; ycra. <l>opMara Ha TOH fepMaH ce BH.>K.lJ.a B
pHC . N2 467.

3 . OEPEP,HTE 11 OEfflJAHTE OKOJJO I'EPMAHA

O n JI a K a a H e. repMaH e TIOJlO)KeH a M'bpTBe-

WKH.H KOBtJer, HaKHTeH, noKpHT c noKpoe H cera Hape.n. H)I.e o6Htia.HT
.n.a ce onJiaqe.
OnJiaKBaHeTO (KaKTO me 6'b)J,e yKa3aHO npH o6HtJa.H npH CM'bpT),
Cl>CTaBJIHBa e)J,Ha MHOro B3)KH3 o6pe)J,Ha crpaHa, 6e3 KO.SITO yMpeJIIUIT
He MO)Ke ,II.a 6'b.ne 3aKonaH. To.SI o6pe)J. onJiaKBaHe me ce H3B'bprn11 H
TyK Bnpxy fepMaHa . Karo ce H3pe)J,HT MOMHTe, KOHTO ycrpo.HBaT rep-
MaHa, )J,a ro onJiaKBaT, TIOtIBaT )J,a H)J,BaT B Komara, )J,eTO ce npaBli
repMaH, H C'bCe)J,HH )KeHH C'bC cBelll.H H U.BeTe; Karo BJie3HaT B crasna,
)J.ero Jie)KH fepMaH, HaKHTBaT ro, 3anaJIHT csemra H HaqHHHT )I.a on-
JiaKBar. OnJiaKBaHeTO ce C'bCTOH B TaKOBa Hape:>K)J,aHe:
MaMHH repMaHe; MaMHH xy6aeeu.l
YMpH, MaMHH fepMaHe, yMpH or cyma 3a KHrna!
B THH .IJ.YMH ce BH)K,II.a, qe fepMaH e MOM'hK, 3aw.oro :>Kemne He
6HXa ro HapHqaJIH ,,MaMHH" .
KaTo ce H3pe,nHT ecHqKHTe )Kem-1 ,II.a nnatiaT, T. e. KaTo ce
CBoprnH onnaKBaHero, H,II.e peJ1.oT Ha norpe6eHHero .
n
o r p e 6 e H H e. Ilpe)J.H ,II.a 60,ne norpe6aH, fepMaH TpRo~

47
738 llHMH T'bP MAPHHO'IJ

n-a ,lla · ce onee OT -caem.eHHKa. HHKora ca BHKaJIH caemeHHKa J{a H3-

B'hpIIIH qepKOBHOTO oneno H TOH He ce OTKa3BaJI, IlOHe)Ke MY ce IlJiruI(aJIO.
O6aqe B IIO-HOBO BpeMe CBeI.IJ.eHHUHTe noqHaJIH J{a ce OTKa3BaT.
Ea6a Bnp6a, c. PeceH, MH pa3Kaaa, 11e H B THXHOTO ceno npaaH-
JIH rep-M aH H IlOBHKaJIH nona ,lla ro onee. TioII'hT OTKa3a.Ti C TaKOBa H3-
BHHeHHe:
- KaK I.IJ.e oneH Kan!
- Kan! - ce o6a.l{HJia 6a6a Bnp6a; HHMa qoaeK, KoraTo yMpe,
ne e KaJI, 3eMJiH? 3aI.IJ.O TOraBa ce Ka3Ba Ha YMPHJI 'IOBeK: 3eMJIH B aeM~
JUI OTHBa?
H THH J{OBO,l(H ca y6e,nHJIH nona H Toif H3B'bpllIHJI oneJIOTO.
O6aqe .ll.pyrH CBeI.IJ.eHHUH ca OTK~3BaJIH, Ta OT TOBa ca H3HHKB3JIH
cKpo6HH cJiyqKH. Coo6I.IJ.HXa MH, 11e a c. Benuoa, TineaeHCKo', non XpH-
cTo OilHJI repMaHa, HO B c. TI11nepKt>BO IIOII HJIHH OTKa3aJI .na onee,
nopa,zu,1 TYH Me>K,rr.y Hero H >KeHHTe, C KOHTO ce C'he,IJ.HHHJIH H ceJIHHHTe,
JIMaJio CHJIHO CKapBaHe H Ka3BaT, qe IIOII HJIHH J{OpH 6HJI 6HT.
BHJI:H ce, qe TaKHBa HHUH,IJ.eHTH ca IlOBJIH'HJIH, Ta aeqe He 6e3-
Il0KOHT csemeHHUHTe, HO caMHTe MOMH H3B'bpIIIBaT H .TOH o6pe.l{ one-
JIOTO H norpe6eHHeTO.
OT Jl.OMa, )J.eTo e ycTpoeH repMaH, I.IJ.e ro noHecaT H npe3 usi-
noTo teJio c npouecHH rqe ro npeHecaT H OTHecaT Ha peKaTa, J{eTo
ce H3B'hpurna H norpe6eHHeTO. E)J.Ha OT MOMHTe H3B'bpIIIBa pOJIHTa Ha
caemeHHKa , K;a)J.H ro C Ka,nHJIHHUa H ro OIIHBa; TH B'bpBH Hanpe)J..
CJie)l. HeH BopBHT MOMHTe, KOHTO HOCHT C8MHH TepMaH, a CJie.l{ Hero ·
.ll.pyrHTe MOMH, KOHTO TYK npe,ncTaBJIHBaT ,l(OMaIIIHJ;ITe Ha yM-peJIHH
repMaH. E)J.Ha OT THX Hrpae pOJUITa Ha MaHKaTa Ha r~pMaHa H Hape)K,na
CJie)l. Hero .ll.YMHTe, KOHTO H3JIO>KHXMe no-rope.
TIO TOH Ha'IHH npouecHHTa CTHra )J.O MHCTOTO, ,neTO I.IJ.e 60)1.e
·n orpe6aH repMaH. Tyi1 MHCTO e IIHC'bK'bT KpaH peKaTa, HJIH )'TOKaTa
cpe.n p eKaTa . HHKo,u.e, KaKTO B c. TypcKH TpocTeHHK, HaKonoJicKo,
3aKOI1BaT ro B'bH OT ceJIOTO Ha Kp'bCTOII'bTH; TYH ce npaBH, 38lll.OTO B
TYH cen o HHMa pe_Ka. KaTo ro KonaHT, H3B'hpIIIBaT ce BCH'IKH oT,neJI-
HH o6pe)J.H H 06H1IaH, ycTaH0BeHH OT HapO)J.HOTO BHpBaHe npH norpe-
6eHHeTo Ha yMpHJI qoaeK. Cne)J. aapaB.HHeTo TypraT MY npH rnaBaTa
Kp'bCT H KaTO CB'bpIIIaT BCHqKo, Bp'hI.1.J.aT ce naK B K'hI.IJ.aTa, 0T,neTO ca
H3HeJIH repMa H a .
B c e Ji aTa , pa3 I10JIO)KeHH KpaH nyHaBa , repMaHa He 3apaBHT B
·nHCl>Ka HJIH B 3eMHTa , HO XB'hpraT ro B nyHaBa ,na fO OTBJieqe,
TI p H H O C. no,neTO MOMHTe H3B'bpIIIBaT IIOrpe6eHHeTO, ,npyrH
)l{eHH ca I)pHrOTBHJIH BcHqKo 3a npHHoc; _CfOTBHJIH ca ro36H, 0MeCH-
JIH H o n eKJIH XJIH6, aapHJIH K0JIHBO H .npyrH IIOTpe6HOCTH. KaTO ce B'bp-
HaT M0MHTe OT no rpe6eHHe, BCHq KH CHJ{aT Ha npHrOTBeHaTa Tpaneaa,
SI,naT H IIHHT aa ,,6or .na npocTH repMaHa". ·
BcHKa :>l{eHa, KOJlTO nr.e J{OH)l.e H~ TaSI 'i'pane3a, nr.e J{O_Hece He-
mo OT ,noMa .cH 3a HJ{eHe, w.e. ro cJIO)KH Ha o6maTa Tpaneaa H ~e Ka-
~r-
JKe:- ,,Tyii e 3a- ~a npocTH H-a y MpeJIHH r epMaH I"
pE..l lHI'H 03HH OliH VAH 739
)lo.u.eTO HJJ.aT, CT0ilaH KaTa B KbW:aTa, ,neTo CTaBa TYH norpe-
6aJIH0 yrow.e aHe, m.e Ka3Ba HHK0JIKO IlbTH: ,,5I 3eMHeTe H Ka.>I<eT
e:
Bor .u.a npocTH yMpeJIHH fepMa HI" Ha Toaa -BcHqKH me oTroao pHT:
:6or .u.a ro npocn r!" (6a6a Pyca ·ttHKOJIOBa, c. TypcK H TpbcTe HHK,
HHKon oncKo, 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH3KOBa, c. BaJIBa H, TbpHo BcKo, 6a6a
MHqa JiJIHifq eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieH e, CaHmo scKo.)
TiocJie TOH o6pe.u. BCHtJKH BHpBaT, 1-1e cymar a w.e 6bJJ.e ·n peMax -
Hara H JJ.'b)KJJ. 6e3 .u.pyro w.e B8JIH . ,,11 BCHKo ra IIOCJie TOH fepMa H -
Ka33X8 ropHHT e 6a6H - JJ.b:>K,ll e BanHJJ !"
ToH 06H1-1afl cpew,H ax B U.HJia 3ana.ztHa BoJira pHH, a IlJieae HcKo,
J1osqaHcKo, Camn. os~Ko, TbpHo acKo, ow.e H a ceJiara CrapH CMHJI,
PyceHc Ko, Tio.ztsec, Kapm~ 6arc·K o, CeM11cqe, XacKOBCKO.
B rp . Terese He rrpaBHT .fepMa H, Ho TYH cTasa a He.zteJIHTa cne.zt
fepMa ~ e
To):{Op Hlla, 3Ha1IH B IIbpBa Ta He.zteJIH Ha BeJIHJ{ HH IIOCT. TyK
OT napuaJIH. Karq ro 38KOIIaT BbH OT rpa.u.a, orpe)K.l(8T M0MH, KOHTO
xo,l{HT pe.l(oBH0 BCHKa He.l(eJrn: .u.a ro rrpe.ru rnar no 06H1-1aH. Toaa ce
Bbpurn JJ.0 Jla3ap osa Cb6ora , Jla3ap HH1la. Toras a ce CBbJ)'IDBa. TyK
rJie,l{aT .l(a npe.u.sapHT cyrnaT a rrpe3 JIHT0T0.
B 1891 r., 22 IOJIH, Karo BJIH3ax s c. BaJisa H, TbpHo BcKo, Ha-
.ner.Six Ha TO.SI o6pe.l( repMa H B'b.H OT ceJI0T0 . . TpH6B arne .l(3 CJie3Ha OT
K0HH' ,l(a ce 0CTaBH }.(a Me IIOpbCHT H ,l(a MH Il0JleHT .u.a CH YMHH,J;>b-
u.ere H .l(a .l(aM Hemo 38 npHH0 Ca, 38 ,,6or .l(a rrp0CTJ{ repMa Ha". B c~-
JI0T0 nocJie 6a6a Kepa )KeJIH 3Koaa MH pa3Iipa sH rro.u.po6Ho 3a TOH .q>6-
pe,l{eH o6Hqa fl. ·

B. fOHE HE 3MEt t ro Hl1TBA HA 3M:E:A,

TIOTEP A HA 3MEf l
la B [40 CE C'bCTO H TOf[ OBPEJ iEH OBHC/A R?
11 TOH o6pe.u.eH 06H11aii, Hape1-1eH eo1-te1-te 3Meu,
CT0H B THCHa Bp'b3Ka C 6e3JJ.b)K)J..HeT0, CbC cyrnaT a; ·ycTp0H Ba ce rorasa ,
Koraro HaCT'hnH JJ.'hJira cyrna.
HapOJJ.HOTO BHpBaHe YTB'bp)KJJ.8Ba, qe KoraT0 HaCTbilH cyma H He
TI0M0rHaT HHT0 nerrepy.u.aTa,, HHTO repMa HbT, TOrasa B 0K0JIH0CTTa Ha
€,QH0 HJIH HHK0JIK0 ceJia ce 3aceJIHJI 3MeH, KOHTO HJIH .u.e6He .zta 0T-
Kpa.l(He HHK0H M0Ma, Bbpxy K0HTO e XB'bpJIHJI 0K0, HJIH IIbK w.e orryc-
T0UiaBa HHBHTe.
TyK HMa HY)K.zta oT e.ztH0 o6HcHeHHe. Koraro HMa cyma, o6ma
TBO, KOeTo
33 ll.SIJI e.l(HH KpaH, npH1IH H8T8 ce OT.ztaBa Ha OH_YH C'bll{eC
BJia.ztee HaJJ. ..l{b)K.l(0BHHTe 06J1allH H Toraea ce. ycTp0H BaT o6pe..l{HHTe
06H11aH fepMaH H nerrepy.zta. Ho .ztpyr e cJJyqaHT, KoraTo BCHKbJJ.e Ha~
OK0JI0 B3JIH ,l{'b>K.zt; caM0 B TYH ceJio HJIH B THH .ztBe-TpH ceJJa 6JIH:>KHH
en.Hoc .ztpyro He Karraa HH KanKa .zt1>JKJJ.. O6Jial lH· ce aa.u.aaaT, rbpMH
H ce CBHTKa H BH)K,l{a ce KaK JJ.b.>I<lf.bT JIYH B 0KOJIHHTe CeJJa, a B Tyii
~eJio HHMa; o6JiallH Te 3ao6HK3JUIT.- B To·H cJJyiiaH Hap0)J.HOT0 BHpBaHe
740 "H1HlfT1,P JHAPIIHOB

YTB'bp>K,llaBa, 11e 3Mefl ce 3aceJIHJI B 0K0JIH0CTTa na TYH ceJio. ToH 3Meii

He e OT OHHH, KOHTO Hapo,nHOTO BHpBaHe C1IHT3 33 ,noMarneH, MecTen
3MeH H KOHTO e TIOJie3eH, 38ll1.0TO TI33H HHBHTe OT rpa.n:yrnKa, HO e 3MCH
lIY:>K.l{0CTpaHeH, KOHTO e ,.l{0lll'bJI c rpa6HTeJICKa ueJI H TOfl He .n:aaa Ha
o6JiaUHTe .n:a BaJIH _n'b)K_n. (Ba6a Kepa )l(eJIH3KoBa, c.BaJIBaH,. 6a6a MH1Ia
HJiuii11eaa, c. Ko3ap BeJieHe, 6a6a ,Uecna, c. ,[(epeMaxJie, 6a6a BoJIKa-
Ha, C . JlHTaKOBO.)
ETo T~H 3MeH ce roHH; cpern.y TOH 3MeH ce yc,.-p0HBa rOHHT6aTa,
TI0TepaTa.

2. KAK CE H3B'bPWBA TJlff I'OHEHE?

KoraTO ce pernHJIO .n:a ce H3B'bplllH rOHKaTa Ha 3MeH,

ceJICKHHT rJiarnaTaH, HapeqeH KexaH,o6a:>K.n:a T0Ba Ha ceJIHHHTe c BHKaHE~
no 6yHHll1.aTa H c pa3npaBHHeTo no K'blll.HTe. Toaa e HY.>KHO, 3arn.0To TaH
HOlll., KOf3TO rn.e ce roHH 3MeHT' TpH6Ba BCH1IKHTe nceTa .n:a 6o)I.8T Bop-
33HH, BCH1IKHTe BpaTa OTBopeHH, Ta rOHI.l.HTe .n:a MOTaT .n:a BJil133T
6e3 npeqKa HaBC.HK'b,n:e.
Cnope.n: Hapo,n:HOTO BHpBaHe 3MeHT-II8KOCTHH K ce HaMHpa MJIH S
K'blil.H, HJIH B 3HMHHKa, HJIH B KOlllapaTa, HJIH B OKOna, 3aTOBa H fOH-
UHTe TpH6Ba .n:a np0HHKHaT H3BC.HK'b,ne.
foHKaTa Ha 3.MeH e TaHHCTBeH o6pe.n:eH 06H1IaH H Hero HH KOl1
He MO)Ke H He CMee.n:a BH,n:H. fOHUHTe ca MOMUH HJIH! MJI3)I:H :>KeHeHH: M'b•
)Ke, HO e.n:pH H CHJIHH q>H3H'leCKH. BceKH roHeu npHr0TB-51 .n:e6eJia T051-
ra, KOHT0 ce HapHqa KpHBaK (JlOMCKO, OpHXOBCKO H Bpa1IaHCl<O). C
TOH KpHBaK ce MyrnKa HaBCHK'b,n:e, .n:eTo ce npe.n:nonara, 11e ce e cKp8.lI
3MeHT.
KoraTo HaCT'hTIH roJIHMa ae11epH, T. e. 6JIH30 .n:o cpe.n:ttom , roH-
UHTe Tp'brBaT . AKO ceJIOTO e M3JIK0, roHUHTe ca e;.r.Ha 11eTa; 3KO JIJ,f
c eJJ0TO e r0JIHMO, f0HUJiTe ca no-.MH0ro H ce pas.n:e.1:1T Ha HSl'K0.flKO
tieTH .
fOHUHTe c a fOJIH-roJieHH11KII, H51l\.faT Ha ce6e HH pH3 a, Hl-t ra-
lil.H, HH Kana Ha rJJaBaTa, HH U'bpByJrn: Ha KpaKaTa. (JlHAO CTO~H, C.
KaMeHo noJJe, B p aq a ttc Ko .) ,Uo.n:eTo Tpae rottKaTa, roHUHTe He CMe5_IT
HH .n:y~rn .n.a Ka)KaT, HH rJiac .n.a H3.n:a.n:aT; Te Tp51(>Ba .n:a 60,n.aT HeMJ.i .
H apo.n,HoTo nRpBaHe yTnop11<,a:asa, qe aKo H5IKOH OT rouu1ne npo.nyM a
HJJH 1-:13.n:a.n:e H ttatt-MaJJ'h K r.ll ac, TOU ce pa36oJIHBaJJ, orpa.n.HcBaJI OT
JJolllaTa 6o JiecT; BHpBa ce, tie. ro y.l(apHJI 3,-.esn. Corn.OTO cnoJieTBa n
BCeKHro, KOHTO 6H BHL(HJI r0HU.HTe H 6Jlf nporoaopHJI Hern.o.
B T8H HOI.U; c e qyaaT caMO n ceTaTa, KOHTO, Ka.TO ycern.aT H BIUK-
.n:aT, qe qy)K_.n:H x opa TopmyrulT no KornapaTa ,. no 3HMHHKa H Kblll,a,
CWIHO JI3HT.
fOHUHTe Ha1IHHHT OT e,ll.HHHH KpaH Ha CeJIOTO, npeMHHaBaT Ha
.n:pyrHH H Il0CJie , KaT0 o6HKOJIHT ueJIHH monpaK OK0JIO· ceJI0T0 H rpa-
)l.HHHTe, Bo.n:eHHU.H, 0BllapcKH KOlliapH, 6atJHH H .n.p., C'b6HpaT ce a
peKaTa, 0K'hnBaT ce H TaMo rn.e ce o6JieKaT H ce Bpow.aT npH30pH
BCeKH B K'blll.H , H HKOH OT ceJIHHHTe He 0HBa ,IJ;a 3Hae KOH ca 6HJIH roH-
PE.RHrH03HH 05HYAH 741
uure, 3alll.OTO roraaa 3Mesn He M0>KeJI )I.a 6o)J.e npono)J.eH H cne)J.oBa-
reJIHO )l.b)K,'l, HHMa )I.a BaJIH.
fOHllHTe BJIH3aT B'bB BCHKa K'blll.a, B'bB BC,SIKa KOinapa, 3HMHHK
H AP, crpa)J.H H MYIIIKaT C KpHB8UHTe CH HaBCSIK'b)J.e BbB BCSIKO KbOI1Ie;
Te BJIH38T H B OKOTIHTe H MYIIIKaT, o6HK8JISIT 0K0JI0 KYTIHTe CJiaMa H
nJiaCT0BeTe CeHo H MYIIIKaT B THX.
BcHtIKH ceJIHHH TpH6Ba )J.8 ca CKpHTH, oco6etto :>KeHcKaTa qeJIH)J.,
33IU0T0 aK0 HHK0H M0Ma, >KeHa HJIH 6yJIKa ce Il0SIBH, 3MeHT, Il0)J.f0HeH
OT f0HI.UfTe, M0:>Ke )I.a SI rpa6He; na H r0HUHTe HHMa .na SI 3aMHHaT
6e3 e.n.Ho xy6aBO MYIIIKaHe C KpHBaUHTe. Tosa ce BbpllIH H Bopxy ece-
KH tI0BeK, KOATo 6H ce IlOHBHJI.
Karo ce H3BbpllIH raH r0HKa, BHpara HapoJJ.Ha yTBbp)l{.nasa, qe
3MeHT e nporotteH H ,ll.b)K)I. 6e3 JJ.pyro lll.e BaJIH. (.llHJJ.oKaJitIO, c.fopHH
TiaBJIHKeHH, )I.HAO l..J,aKo, c. Komi6HTe KaMeH )I.OJI, AHJJ.O CroiiKo, JJ.H)J.0
.UetttIO H AHJJ.O XpHcro, c. KaKpHHa, AHJJ.O KoJibO, c. M1>rJIHllL B)K. )I(.
crap., I, 186-187.)

f . 3AOPBAHE
J. Il.(0 CE CbCTOH 3AOPBAHETO?

CeJIHlll.eTO e H36paHO H Ha )J.06po MHCT0 ; OT CaM0T0

l'MICTO HHMa !J,a H3JIH38T HHKaKBH HanacTH H 3.1IHHH 38 cemnrnre, 38
croKara 11 3a ce11T61ue HM.O6aqe 3JIH HaBeTH n oco6Ho 60Jiecn1 M6raT
.rr.a )J.OH;I.aT oTS'bH, JJ.a 60,IJ.aT HanpareHH H rorasa Te npaBHT onycro -
wemrn 6u.r10 no !J,eua H B'h3pacTHH JIIOJJ.e, 6HJIO no A06HT'hKa H croKara.
3a )I.a 6bn,e 3anaseHo ceJioro 0'f raKHBa HanacrH H 6oJiecrH,
HapoAH0T0 BHpBaHe e npenopbtiaJio, Koraro lll.e ce 3ace,11n e)J.H0 ce.10
~nu ce e Be\f~ 3ace.1H,110, fta 61>~e 3aopaHo, Aa ce H3B'hpWH o6pe,nHH-
51T 06J.prn11 , Ha pe4eH 3aopea1-te.
ToH o15Hqaf1 ce H3Bbpurna npH caMoro 3aceJIBaHe na ceJioro; 1-10
~o,Ke Aa ce H3B'hp11IH H no-K'hCHo, Koraro ce qye, qe 11,11.e HHI<aKBa
6onec1, 1rnro tIYl\ta, xo:repa HJIH c11naHHU.a no 11.eu.ara, n.111 ;i.pyra 60-
JJecr no rose;1,ara If ,npyrara croKa. 3a ,11.a 61>;1,e sana3eHo ce.1oro,
npij6,sJrnaT KbM o6pe.n.a saopeaHe. ·
TpH6ea JJ.a sa6eJie)KHM, qe TOH o6pe)J.eH 061-rqau ce B1")purn Mttoro
HapHJlK0 W 3aopaHH ce.'Ia cpemHax MH0ro PH!I.KO. TipHt.IHHara 38 TOBa
ca TeiKKHTe ycJI0BHH, npH K0HT0 CTaBa 3aopBaHeTo, K8KTO T0Ba u~c
ce flH.IJ.H ryK ,11.oJiy.

2. KAK CE /13B'bPIIJBA 3AOPBAHETO?

O6pe)J.'hT ce H3Bop11IB3 no TaK'bB H3tJHH.•

HaMepH ce H3 ' ropara ,ll.'hpB0, K0~T0 e 6JIH3HHJIO, T. e. 113 Kopc-
Ha HMa )I.Ba KJI0Ha; THH 6JIH3H8UH ce 0TCHl!aT H OT T51X ce npaBHT xo-
Mom1,m (HpeMbT), eouw,emo n paAomo, T. e. ~bpBeHHTe qacrH Ha pa,
JTOTO.
 742 JiHMHT"bP MAPHHOB

3a .n.a ce 11anpaeH naAe3/CHUK!'bm, · .>KeJie3HH.ff_T ype,n Ha paJioro,.

Tp.H6Ba .n.a ce C'b6epe }KeJI.ff30 OT ,l(eBeT K33H (OKOJIHJ1) 6HJIO or· Ka-
ca6H (rpa)(OBe), 61rno OT ceJia, HO )(3 0'b,l(3T OT pa3JIH1I°HH UKOJIHH.
)KeJI.ff30TO HaMepeHO, Tp.H6Ba naJie.>KHHK'bT ,l(a ce KOBe OT )1.BaMa
K0Ba1rn, K0HT0 )1.a 6'b)1.3T 6JIH3H3UH. TiaJie)KHHK'bT rpH6Ba ,n:a ce K0B.e
C3MO HOI..U.HO BpeMe, H TO B noraiiHa )1.06a; Karo nponeHT Il'bpBH rieTJIH,
p·a6orara ce cnHpa. Koea1rnre, )(o.n.ero Kosar .>KeJIH30TO 3a naJieJKHHKa,
Tp.H6Ba )(3 6'b,l(3T C'bB'bpllleHO fOJIH.
PaJIOTO e HanpaBeHo, naJie)KHHK'bT CKOBaH H H3T'hKMeH. Cera
H,D.e pe.n. .n.a ce HaMep.HT BOJI0Be, KOHTO rn.e rerJI.ffT paJIOTO, H MOMUI-i
opaq11. BoJIOBeTe Tp.H6Ba .n.a 6'h)(3T 6JIH3H3UH, H TO IOHUH, H opaq11re
MOMUH Tp.H6Ba )(a 60,l(aT C'bllI.0 TaKa 6JIH3HaUH.
HaMepeHH ca B0JIOBe_IOHUH H opaq]{ MOMUH.
Koraro rn.e 3aopear ceJioro, opaqHre M0MUH rp.s16ea )(a 0'h)(aT
C'bB'bpllleHO f0JIH H e)J.HH_OT T.HX rn.e B0,l(H BOJIOBeTe, a ,u.pyrH.ffT rn.e ,U.'hp-·
)KH )1.p'b)KK3Ta Ha paJI0TO H rn.e Kapa BOJIOBeTe. 3aopBaHeTO ce B'hpma
C'bllI.0 B IlOT3HH3 ,l(06a. 6pa3)1.HTe Ha TYH 3aopBaHe ca Kporoee H TpH6-
Ba ,l(a 6'b,l(3T TPH KOHUeHTpHqHH" Kp'bra, Ha pa3CTO.ffHHe e.n.HH OT .npyr
KOJIKOTO )(Ba .no TPH JI3K'bT.H HJIH apm1rna.
KoHro HOI..U. rn.e ce H3B1>pnm ryii 3aopeaHe, rn.e ce H3BecrH Ha
BcHqKH ceJI.HHH qpe3 ceJICKH.ff Kexa.H, Ta HHKOH .na He H3JIH3a OT ceJio-
TO H3B'bH; C'bllI.0 TaKa ce He rryrn.a H HHKOH ,l(a BJie3He B CeJIOTO, 33
K0HTO UeJI ca IIOCTaBeHH Il'b,l(apHTe, roee,l(apHTe H ,n:pyrHTe ceJICKit
CJIY)KHTeJIH Ha BCH1IKHTe Kp'bCTOil'bTHIII.3 .na He nymaT HHKOfO. Tosa ce
B1>pnm no Hape.n6ara Ha Hapo,nHoTo BHpBaHe, KoeTo yreop)K.naea, qe
aK0 H.HKOH 6HJIO OT TYH ceJio, 6HJIO OT .npyro BH)JJI MOMUHTe, Korato
H3B'bplllBaT .3aopBaHeT0, TYH 3aopBaHe craea 6e3ueJlHO, 3aIII.OTO ry6H
CBOHTa M8fH1IecKa CHJia H He M0)Ke .na cnHpa 6oJieCTHTe.
Or H3JI0)KeHoTo )(OTYK o'nHcaHH.e Ha TOH o6pe,neH o6Hqaii ce BH)K-
,n:a ,l{OKOJIK0 e TOH M'bqeH; rropa.n.H TOBa H pH)J.KO ca CeJiaTa, KOHTO ca,
3aopaHH. B MOHTa o6HKOJIKa 33 HaMepHX caMO e,l(HO ceJio 3aopaHo: TO
e ceJioTo BeJrnua, XapMaHJIHHCKo. Toe 3aopaHo ome npe)J.H'noeeqe or
CTO f O)J.HHH H HHKOH He IlOMHH Kora e 3aopaHo, 33lUOTO ca H3Mpe-.
JIH C'bBpeMeHHHUHTe, ace IlOMHH C3MO IlQ npe)J.aHHe. Toea MH pa3Ka3a
)1.H.l{0 MHTO OT C'hllI.OTO ceJio BeJIHUa B 1898 r.
3aopeaHero Karo o6pe)( a3 cpemHax B XacK0ecKo, XapMaHJIHii-
cKo, Ko3'hJiar aqKo H BypracKo. Cpem_Hax ro H- B CRJrncTpeHc1<0 H LLo-
6pHqKo , H TOB ceJiaTa, npeceJieHH H3 0,l(pHH~KO, OT,l(eTO 38KJIIOllaBaM,
11e TOH corn.ecre yea H B 0,l(pHHCKo, ,lI.HMOTHillKO, KernaH, MaJirapa,
Jio3eHrpa)J., .[le.n.earaq H )(p . Mecra e TpaKHH. B CeaepHa H 3ana)1.Ha
6'bJirapH.H TO.ff o6pei He C'bI..U.eCTByBa.
TioKOHHHHTeTHorpa<pUaHH fHHqeaacrr. TpyA, ro.n.. II, crp. 957,
CIT0MHH.ff 33 C'hllI.0 T3K'hB o6pe,z:r.eH o6Hqaif 330pBaHe, K0eTO . ce H3-
B'bplllBaJIOOT 6JIH3H3U.H C,l{Ba BOJla, TOlKe 6JIH3H3UH' 06a11Je He caMo q~
He e ro onHcaJI no-no,npo6Ho,a caMo e cno.MeHaJI 6erJio 3a Hero. HO
orn.e He ce BH.>K,n;a HCH0 K'h,n;e ce a1>pmH ryii 3aopeaHe. B TopHoBcKo,
PEJIH I'H03H H OSHC/ AH 743
ra6poec·Ko H ·EneHcK o, T.e. Kp·am.u.a, )J.ero Toii e )KHB.HJI, TaK1>B 06-
pe.ll 33 He cpemHax . TioHe)Ke B TaH CT8THH TOH 0ilHCBa B5IpBaHH .HTa B
HeapoKo ncKo, H3JIH3a, 1:1e H TYH 3aopBaH e cTaaa B HeapoKo ncKo.
ToH o6pe)J. 3aopBaH e HMa H BbB BeJiec. 11 TaMO ce BbpWH TOH
o6pe,a OT rpa)J. H 1:1yMa. Cnope)J. cb6Hpa1:1a Ha THH cae)J.eHHH (C6HY, XII,
131, N2l8) 06pe)J.1>T ce H3Bbpwa aJI OT JI.Ba 6HBOJia 6JIH3HaUH H oT
,llBe MH3Ha\J eTa JI.eBOHlleTa. THH cae,rr.eHHH ca norpewH o cxBaHaTH u
norpellIH O npe,lla)J.eHH. O6pe)I.bT, 33 KOHTO e )J.yMa, ce BbpWH 06e3a-
TeJIH0 OT M'h)Ke, a HHKaK He OT )KeHH .

,U. TIPOBH PAHE TIPE3 )lPEXA

1. KAKBO 3HAC/Ef /HE HMA TYf'f flPOBHP AHE ?

3aopBaH eTo, KaKT0 BH)I.flXMe, e o6pe,ll MH0r0 CJI0-

}KeH, MHOf0 M'hllHO H3TI'hJIHHM, nopa)I.H T0Ba H MHOro PHJI.KO ce cpema.
·Ha MHCTOTO MY HapOJI.HOTO BHpBaHe e H306peTHJIO ,llpyr o6pe)J.,
MHOro no-JieceH , a TOH e o6pe,llbT , TT03HaT B HapO)J.HOTO BHpB2 He TIO,ll
nMeTo npoeupaHe npes apexa. ·

2. KAK CE B'bPlll/1 TYJil flPOBHPA HE?

)lpexaTa MarHtJeCKa, KOHT0 a TOH o6pe.z:r. Hrpae ·

rJiaBHaTa pOJIH, ce npHrOTBH no TOH HatJHH.
HaMHpa ce qepH oaeH, HO JI.a He e noaeum; ocTpHrB a ce B'hJI-
HaTa, H3IlHpa ce, Hscyrnaa , H3BJiatJB a, II3npe)I.B a, HaBO)KJJ.3, H3T'h-
KaBa H OT nJiaTa cKpo11aa ce H YllIHBa ,llpexa. Toaa o6atJe TpH6aa JI.a ce
H3Bbpll1H 38 e.z:r.Ha HOIIJ.. BeqepTa B'hJIHaTa ~ace OCTpH}Ke , H TO TI0CJie
3aXOJI. CJI'hHUe, a JI.pexaTa JI.a 61>).J.e roToaa cyTpHHT a npe)J.H Hsrp.HBa tteTo
Ha CJI'hHUeTo.
TaH ,ll.pexa, npHrOTB eHa no TOH HatJHH, e MarH11ec Ka, JieK0BHT a.
Tipes TaH )J.pexa ce npoBHpa T BCHllKH )l0MallJH H-CTapH H MJl3)J.H,
Mb}KKH H )KeHCKH. O6atJe 1wraTO ce np0BHpa T rrpe3 .IJ.pexaTa, Te TpH6-.
Ba )I.a 6o)laT fOJIH,nopa)J.H TOBa TYH np0BHpa He CTaB~ H0lll.H0 BpeMe,
y IIOTaiiHa )I.06a H TIOOT)J.eJIH0 Mb)KeTe, TI0OT)J.eJIHO )KeHHTe.
TpH6Ba )I.a ce sa6eJie)KH H TOBa, qe npOBHpaHeTo CTaBa Bbl:{ 01'
ceJIOTO HJIH B rpa)J.HHa, HJIH B rpocTeJIH HK, HJIH B Hlrna.
TaKHBa JIIOJI.e, K0HTO ca ce npoBHpa .,rn. npe3 TaKaaa MarHqec Ka
,llpexa, CTaBaT HenpHKOCHOBeHH 33 HHKaKBH .0OJiecT~.
TaH )J.P,exa e CK'hTIO )I.OCTOHHHe. TH c,e TI0CJie ,l{aBa Ha C'hCe)J.HTe,
K0HTO ca noMara.rI H npH :ppIHOTB.HHeTC:J 1-l .
ToH o6pe,ll CbIIJ.eCTByaa H ce cpeIII.a n THH Kpamu,a , )J.eTo c1>ur.ecT-
ayaa H saopaaH eTo; B ,llpyrHTe KpaHIIJ.a ro He cpew.ttax .

•
744 Jl.HMHT'bP MA PH HOB

E. )KHB or'bH, MJIA.U Of'bH, BO)l(H oroH,

.UHB or1>H
I. KAKBO HELI.(O E OBPEP.1,T )l(HB or1,H·
H K.Of A CE 81,PllJH TOR?

Tosi o6pe)]. ce H3B'hpnrna npH )].Ba cnyqasi. TI1,psHS1T

cnyqaif e, KoraTo w.e Tp.SI6Ba ,n.a ce npoH3Be:>1<,n.a HOB or'hH a K'hI.qaTa,
notte:>Ke cTapHHT or'bH ce yracHJI, a BTopHHT cnyqafl e, KoraTo c HOBHH
Of'bH TpS16Ba ,n.a ce npOil'b)].H HSIKaKBa enH,n.eMHH OT ceJIOTO HJIH II'bK
.n.a ce 3ana3H ce.TioTo OT TaKaBa.
B II'bpBH.SI cnyqafl or'bHHT ce Ka3Ba: ~U8 027,H,, MAaiJ 027,H,, H,08
027'1t, 6o~u 027'1t; B'bB BTOpHH Of'bHHT ce Ka3Ba au8 027,H,, O6aqe THH
pa3JIHtJHH Ha3BaHHH 03HatJaBaT e,n.HH H C'blIJ, o6pe.n., e,n.HH H C'blIJ, Of'bH.
K o r a T o c e n o .n. Ho B SI B a c T a p H H T o r 1, H. Or'bHHT
B ceJicKaT~ K'bIIJ,a Hrpae MHoro Ba}KHa pOJIH B Hapo,n.HOTO CTOIIaHCTBO
H B HapO)l.HOTO BHpBaHe. Hapo,n.HOTO BHpBaHe npenop1,qsa, III.OTO
0r'bHHT Ha ce.l'JCKOTO or HHW.e He 6HBa HHKora ,n.a yracsa, 3aIIJ,OTO
e JIOlllO 3 a K'bIIJ,aTa, JIOlllO e 3a tJeJIH)].Ta, JIOlllO e 3a CTOKaTa. Ilpe3 ,n.eHH
0f'bHSIT ropH , npe3 HOIIJ,Ta· TOH TpH6Ba rpH:>KJIHB0 .n.~ 61,,n.e 3apHHaT Ha
o rHHIIJ,eTo, 3a ,n.a He yracHe.
Tyfl B.SipBaHe YTB'bp:>K)].aBa, qe TOH 0f'bH Ha orHHW.eTO OCTapHBa
H ry6H CBOSITa MarHl!eCKa CHJia , He MO:>Ke )].a )].eikTByBa cpew.y JIOlllH-
Te ,n.yxoae, cpew.y JIOIIIHTe HaBeTH, cpemy 6onecTHTe. TTpoqee HBHBa
c e HY:>K)].a OT HOB o r 'bH, M Ji a ,n Of'bH , 21UIB or'hH. IlpH TOH cnyqafl CTa-
pHSIT O f'bH c e H3racBa B U.HJIOTO ceJio H ce n p oH3Be:>K)].a HOB Of'bH.
ToBa npoH3Be:>1<,n.aHe cTaBa c oco6eH o6pe,n.eH 06H11aH.
K
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BH,ttSIXMe, qe HMa ,n.s a o6pe)].a: saopBaHe cenoTo, nposHpaHe npes
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THH, nopa,n.H KOHTO He B CH KO ceJIO, H e BCHKa K'bIIJ,a MoraT ,n.a rH H3B'bp-
waT.
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.n.a 6HJI o KoraTo enHJ(eMHHTa e snesHana se11e B cenoTo, 6HJIO Kora-
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H o6nqaHTe a uerOBOTO BHpBaHe.
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·TpH6Ba .u.a 60.n·aT OT JIHilOBO ,ll.'bpBO, a B'bpTeH0T0 - OT JieCKOB0. O6aqe
K0JIUHTe OT JHIIlOBOTO ,D.'bpBo TpH6Ba .na ca 6JIH3HaUH, T. e. ,nae )J.'bp-
BeTa, H3paCJIH H3 e,nHH ,ll.'bHep. CeJIHHHH'b T, KOHTO 3Hae 3a T0Ba,Ka-
T0 X0,D.H H3 ropaTa, rne.na .na HaMepH T3KIHBa 6JIH3H3UH H Karo C'b-
rne.na, oTcHqa rH, CK'bTBa rH no.n cynrnHa .na coxHaT. 3a .na MoraT
o6aqe .na nocny}KaT B TOH 06.pe.n 3a npoH3Be}K,naHe or'hH, Te Tp.H6aa
,Aa ca C'bXHaJIH TPH ro)J.HHH. BopTeHOTO JieCKOBO Tp.H6Ba C'bIIJ.0 TaKa
.na 60.ne OT 6JIH3H3UH, .na ca OTceqeHH OT rro-paHO H .na ca C'bXHaJIH
TPH fO)J.HHH.
B HeapoKonc Ko THH K0JIUH ca OT xaoiiHa. (C6HY, XIV, 183.)
TI p o H 3 B e }I{ .n a H e H a o r 'h H H. KonUHTe ce 3a6HHT
·KpenKO B 3eMHTa .na He M'bp,naT npH TpHeHeTo; B THX ce B'bBHpa B'bpTe-
HOT0, 33 K0HTO uen B KOJIUHTe HMa .nna6oBe, HarrpaBeHH C 6yprHH HJIH
CBpe,AeJI; B'bpTeHOTO ce B'bBHpa a THH .nna6oae HJIH .nyrrKH, HO .na MO}Ke
·CB06o,nHO .na ce B'bpTH. Ha cpe,naTa Ha B'bpTeHOTO HMa YBHT peMHK
HJIH Bp'bB, TaKa III.OTO e,nHHl·f H KJ?aH )1.'bp}KH e,nHH qoBeK, a .npyrHH -
.npyrH cpemy Hero.
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Ha M'b)Ke, l\lOMUH HJIH }KeHeHH,. HO .na 60,naT MJia)J.H H 6JIH3Hau11. AKO ce
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6b,Ae Il'bpBOTO ',ll.CTe, a .npyrH.HT - IIOCJie)J.HOT0 Ha po,nHTeJIHTe CH .
TH.H )1.BaMa M0MUH xsamaT peMHKa H B'bpTHT CHJIHO B'bpTeH0T0;
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33 ,Aa Il0)J.HOBH Of'bHH Ha yraceHOTO orHHIIJ.e.
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a 60;J1CU 02"6H.
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)1..HBa Of'bHH Ha 0fHHIIJ.eTo H o6peJJ.'bT e CB'bpweH .
. AKO 0f'bH.HT ce npOH3Be}K,l I.3 cpemy errH,neMHH no qeJioBeUHT e, TO
cne.n KaTo ce Il0,l1.MJI3,l1.H Of'bH.HT Ha orHHIIJ.eTo, BCHqKH ,!l,0M3IIIHH III,e npn-
CT'bnBaT npH OfHHIJ~eT0 H Ha IlJ18M'bK8 me CH nopJI5ff KpaKaTa H JiaKTH-
Te Ha poU,eTe. BHpBa ce, qe BCeKH, KOHTO ce nopJIHJI Ha IIJiaM'bKa
OT )KHBHH Of'bH, craBa HenpHK0CH OBeH 33 6oJieCTTa .
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746 ,J i 'H 'M ' H r ··.'b.P M A R If HO a

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fOJl.ffM
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BeHO np0.ij:0 Il8Ha
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roJrn; nopa.n.H TOBa TOH o6pe.n ce H3Bbpll)Ba Ha MHOfO OTCTpaHeHO HJIH
3aTyJieHo MHCTo· H TaMO )l{eHa.He 61-rna. ,ll8 npHC'bCTByBa, a caM0 M'b)l{e.
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Hal\rn:pa a ETHorpacpHqecKHH Myaeif; TOH MO,lleJI HMaxa ,no6pHHaTa .na MI!
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a BbpTeHOTO - 6parH 3JiaTH H CTaHhO Bo3yKOBH OT C'bI..U.OTO ceJio.
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no roee.n.ara, a nocJie H no qoeeu.HTe. 3aroaa ceJI.HHHTe npaBHJilf
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O
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qe.n.o Ha CBOHTe pO,llHTeJIH, a )VIJJ.O CTOHH - IlOCJie)lH0TO. (Cno6llJ,aBa
l{HMHT'bp )KeKOB OT C'bI.IJ,OTO ceJio.)
B HeepoKoncKo ce npoH3Be)l{.na .60:arn or'hH B ceJiaTa: OceHoeo~
OcHKoeo, JlHrn,eH, KoeaqoeHua H r ocTyH. B THH ceJia npoH3Be)l{.n.ar
)KHB Of'bH He caMO KoraTO. ce IlOHBil errn.neMHH no .no6HT'bKa, HO 11
no qoaeuHre; \ aK'bB or'bH ce npoH3Be)l{.na H Koraro ce noHBH 6a6a
mapKa no .neuaTa. (C6HY , XIV, 183.)
B KocTypcKo TOH o6pe.n ce TO)l{e cpellJ,a B'hB epeMe Ha emr.neMHH:
ryK ypeJVITe ca OT JiecKoeo .nopeo. (C6HY , XII, 156.)
3a 6o)l{HH or'hH HMa nncaHo B err. Tpy.n, ro.n. II, cTp. 956-, or
IlOKOHHHH l.LaHH fHHtie.e.
O6H1IaHT ,na ce KJia.ne r~JIHM or'hH H ,na ce npecKatJa T'bKMo
TBy-
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!e H: ,lla
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)I.Bop tpH6Ba .na HMa or'hH OT CMeTTa, C'b6paHa OT ryMHOTO.

)K. CTOTI AHl1H

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Hew.ac nre-
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H MY npe,nBe CTH-
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macTH eTo HJIH HanacT Ta. ToH. yMpH.n qoBeK OT
TBO, B-
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.nyx, ce Ka3Ba cmona n, cmona nun.
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lHO Ba:>KHC>
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c'b6HTH e H B TOH cJiyqa if ce ycTpo~ rna o6pe,n' bT, Hape11eH cmondliUH:
HJIH cmona ,wea zos6a.

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a me HMa IIJ.8C-
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748 JIHMHT7,P MAPHHOB

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,n:aea Ha ,llOMallIHHTe.
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