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324 Epilepsy
324 Epilepsy
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Carbamazepine NooralformInnorltriveridouldridario
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a Lamotrigine oduoral formldnorltriveidouldifario
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Diazepam Phenobarbital
Valproate Midazolam
เลือกได้มากกว่า 1 คาตอบ ยาที่เลือกตอบมีกลไกการออกฤทธิ์อย่างไร มีผลข้างเคียงที่สาคัญอะไรบ้าง (20 คะแนน)
MwguidelineMarilouits refractory status epilepticus lethinoint
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IV Phenobarbital or Valproicacid IV propofol or IV Midazolam IV ketamine
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nainmroongnoi
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Phenobarbital mindurationlumridnd channel GABAAreceptor
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Valproate blockTtypecalciumchanel dexcitatory neurotransmission
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96ABA transmission
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dNatchannelactivation
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glutamatetransmission
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Midazolam bitsuing'dbenzodiazepineontwanwklumoodnvos
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d Chanel JIGABAa receptor villvirondrinonoo hyperpolarization
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boatnmr.muoiwnJy
v a
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Adverse effect
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Phenobarbital sedation psychomotor retardation ..................................
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Valproate dose dependent tremor
weightgain alopecia
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Idiosyncratic reaction pancreatitis hepatotoxicity thrombocytopenia
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encephalopathy teratogenicity
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Midazolam drowsiness
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respiratory depression
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3
2. หญิงอายุ 25 ปี ทาปากขมุบขมิบซ้า ๆ เป็นอยู่นาน 1-2 นาที จากนั้นมีอาการเกร็งกระตุกทั่วตัวนาน 2 นาที มารดาแจ้ง
ว่าผู้ป่วยไม่รู้สึกตัวในระหว่างที่มีอาการดังกล่าว ได้รับการตรวจ EEG เพิ่มเติมเข้าได้กับ complex partial seizure
with secondary generalization
2.1 ยาระงับชักชนิดใดใช้รักษาผู้ป่วยรายนี้ได้ (5 คะแนน)
Phenytoin Levetiracetam
Oxcarbazepine I Zonisamide
เลือกได้มากกว่า 1 คาตอบ ยาที่เลือกตอบมีกลไกการออกฤทธิ์อย่างไร มีผลข้างเคียงที่สาคัญอะไรบ้าง (20 คะแนน)
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notnmroongno adverse effect
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Phenytoin blockvoltagesensitiveNatChanel dosedependent ataxiadrowsiness
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i folate deficiency
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Idiosyncraticreaction acnehirsutismrash
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STS TENhepatoxicity.teratogenicity
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levetiracetem 96aBA transmission drowsiness fatigue
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d glutamatetransmission dizziness depression
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Oxcarbazepine rbABAareceptoractivation ataxia
diplopia ..................................
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Naechannel activation
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SJS TEN
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Zonisamide blockttypeakiumchanel ataxia somnolence
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block Nat Channel anorexia depression
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d glutamate Sss
TEN ..................................
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PGABA activity
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4
2.2 ต่อมาผู้ป่วยกลับไปรักษาต่อที่ ร.พ.ใกล้บ้านซึ่งไม่มียาที่ตอบในข้อ 2.1
ยาระงับชักชนิดใดต่อไปนี้ใช้รักษาผู้ป่วยรายนี้ได้ (5 คะแนน)
Carbamazepine r Gabapentin
Lamotrigine v Topiramate
เลือกได้มากกว่า 1 คาตอบ ยาที่เลือกตอบมีกลไกการออกฤทธิ์อย่างไร และบอกข้อบ่งใช้ของยาแต่ละชนิดที่เลือกตอบ
ในการรักษาโรคหรือภาวะอื่น ๆ นอกเหนือจากการชัก (20 คะแนน)
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nainmroonnno voistrothly
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Carbamazepine blockvoltagesensitiveNatchannel
trigeminal neuralgia
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bipolar disorder
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Gabapentin block a channel neuropathic ..................................
pain
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lamotrigine block Natchannel bipolar disorder
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block a channel
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Topiramate block Natchannel preventive migraine
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block AMPalkainate receptor ..................................
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16ABA transmission
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2.3 ผู้ป่วยกินยาระงับชักที่เหมาะสมต่อเนื่องมา 6 เดือน พบว่าคุมการชักได้ดี วันนี้ตรวจพบว่าตั้งครรภ์ 8 สัปดาห์
ควรให้คาแนะนาผู้ป่วยรายนี้อย่างไร (15 คะแนน)
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bbwawihliiwesioiwlwvimnsiniinaoiowbefosoinomwfr.ws Ohioan
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Junawivmonhindooilor blobbow.mil trinmamdhhnnoroioVisoioi
o 9u
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folicacidinfanov
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5
3. หญิงอายุ 25 ปี ปวดศีรษะด้านขวาเป็น ๆ หาย ๆ มา 6 เดือน ปวดแบบตุ้บ ๆ ก่อนปวดทุกครั้งจะเห็นแสงเป็นเส้น
ซิกแซกและคลื่นไส้อาเจียน ปวดแต่ละครั้งนานประมาณ 6-12 ชั่วโมง อาการดีขึ้นหลังนอนพัก มีอาการปวดศีรษะ
ลักษณะเดียวกันนี้เดือนละ 3-4 ครั้ง แต่ละครั้งจะปวดศีรษะมากจนทางานไม่ได้ มีโรคเดิมเป็น asthma หอบเหนื่อย
เป็นช่วง ๆ ตรวจร่างกายครั้งนี้อยู่ในเกณฑ์ปกติ
3.1 ยาใดต่อไปนี้มี efficacy สูงสุดสาหรับระงับอาการปวดศีรษะในผู้ป่วยรายนี้ (5 คะแนน)
Aspirin Tramadol
Paracetamol Sumatriptan
เลือก 1 คาตอบ พร้อมอธิบายกลไกการออกฤทธิ์และข้อห้ามใช้ของยาที่เลือกตอบ (10 คะแนน)
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Sumatripton north presynaptic 5Htmreceptor agonis
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Ovomounts neuropeptide
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5 MiBreceptor 9vasoconstriction
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WI CAD cerebrovascular disease hypertensionrigalsiln
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