Pvgov LV Zi Ißvwb Iƒc Ilv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv
Pvgov Lv‡Zi
ißvwb iƒc‡iLv
ißvwb cÖe„w× Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi †KŠkjMZ KvVv‡gv
†deªæqvwi 2019
evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi Rb¨ Pvgov LvZ‡K wZbwU DcLv‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q:
cÖwµqvRvZK…Z Pvgov, PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cv`yKv, Ges Ab¨vb¨ PvgovRvZ cY¨
m~wPcÎ
wPÎm~wP 6
mviwYm~wP 6
kãms‡ÿc 7
mvims‡ÿc 11
f‚wgKv 31
j¶¨ 33
AR©‡bi Dcvq 33
iƒc‡iLvi D‡Ïk¨ 33
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi mgqKvjxb ißvwb cÖv°jb 35
mvaviYfv‡e Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖavb P¨v‡jÄmg~n 38
mycvwikK…Z c`‡¶cmg~n 43
µgea©gvb cÖe„w× AR©‡bi Rb¨ mswkøó miKvwi ms¯’v I wefv‡Mi f‚wgKvi mgš^q 51
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLvZ 53
mvims‡ÿc 53
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi mywbw`©ó P¨v‡jÄmg~n 55
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó c`‡¶c 57
PvgovRvZ cY¨ DcLvZ 59
PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cv`yKv DcLvZ 60
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n 65
†hme c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e: PvgovRvZ cY¨, cv`yKv Ges APvgovRvZ cv`yKv 66
Avï KiYxq 69
¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki DËiY 71
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi Kg©cwiKíbv 73
Kg©cwiKíbv cvV Kivi w`Kwb‡`©kbv 73
Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ mvaviY Kg©cwiKíbv 74
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ Kg©cwiKíbv 95
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ Kg©cwiKíbv 99
cwiwkó 1: bxwZ msµvšÍ †hme wel‡q AMÖvwaKviwfwË‡Z c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e

ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi m‡½ PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Zzjbv 106
cwiwkó 2: evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i (weWv) Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m 110
Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  5

wPÎm~wP
wPÎ 1 evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ ißvwb evRvi (2015) 53

wPÎ 2 evsjv‡`k n‡Z Ab¨vb¨ cïi Pvgov ißvwb 54
wPÎ 3 evsjv‡`k n‡Z cv`yKv ißvwb, 2010-2015 60
wPÎ 4 êwk¦K cv`yKv ißvwb, 2009-2015 61
wPÎ 5 cv`yKvi Rb¨ me©e„nr 10 ißvwb evRvi (2015) 61
wPÎ 6 Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m (IGmGm) g‡Wj 110
mviwYm~wP
mviwY 1 PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwbi cÖv°jb 13

mviwY 2 `yBwU `„k¨K‡íi Rb¨ Dcv`vb Pvwn`v 13
mviwY 3 PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwbi cÖv°jb 35
mviwY 4 `yBwU `„k¨K‡íi Rb¨ Dcv`vb Pvwn`v 36
mviwY 5 Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n 55
mviwY 6 evsjv‡`k n‡Z PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb 59
mviwY 7 PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n 65
mviwY 8 PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc 66
mviwY 9 Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ mvaviY Kg©cwiKíbv 74
mviwY 10 Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Kg©cwiKíbv 95
mviwY 11 PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Kg©cwiKíbv 99
mviwY 12 ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ cÖavb bxwZMZ êlg¨ 106
mviwY 13 ivR¯^ bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ c`‡ÿc 107
mviwY 14 ivR¯^ bxwZgvjv ewnf‚©Z c`‡¶c 108
mviwY 15 AwZwi³ bxwZMZ mnvqZvi Rb¨ mycvwik 108
mviwY 16 BD‡ivcxq BDwbqbfz³ †`‡k evsjv‡`‡ki ißvwb 109
mviwY 17 cÖwZ‡hvMx †`k¸‡jvi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg 109
6  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

kãms‡ÿc
AvBAviwW Af¨šÍixY m¤ú` wefvM (B›Uvibvj wi‡mv‡m©m wWwfkb)

AvBGbBGmwmIwc cv`yKv I mswkøó cÖhyw³ Bbw÷wUDU (BÝwZZz‡Zv †UK‡bvjwN‡Kv †`j KviLvM G K‡bKmvm)
AvBGdwm B›Uvib¨vkbvj dvBbvÝ K‡c©v‡ikb
AvBGgGd AvšÍR©vwZK gy`ªv Znwej (B›Uvib¨vkbvj g‡bUvwi dvÛ)
AvBGjBwU Pvgov cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ Bbw÷wUDU (Bbw÷wUDU Ae †j`vi BwÄwbqvwis A¨vÛ †UK‡bvjwR)
AvBGjI AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg ms¯’v (B›Uvib¨vkbvj †jevi AM©vbvB‡Rkb)
AvBGmwm BÛvw÷ª w¯‹j KvDwÝj
AvBwWwe Bmjvgx Dbœqb e¨vsK (BmjvwgK †W‡fjc‡g›U e¨vsK)
AviA¨vÛwW M‡elYv I Dbœqb (wimvP© A¨vÛ †W‡fjc‡g›U)
AviGgAvBG iƒc‡iLv ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (†ivWg¨vc Bgwcø‡gw›Us G‡R›U)
AviGgwR ˆZwi †cvkvK (†iwW-†gW Mv‡g©›Um)
AviGmGj wbwl× Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv (†imwUªK‡UW mve‡÷‡Ým wj÷)
Avi‡RGmwm †hŠ_g~jab †Kv¤úvwb I dvg©mg~‡ni cwi`ßi (Awdm Ae `¨v †iwR÷ªvi Ae R‡q›U ÷K
†Kv¤úvwbR A¨vÛ dvg©m)
AviwW wbqš¿Yg~jK ïé (†i¸‡jUwi wWDwU)
BAviwW A_©‰bwZK m¤úK© wefvM (B‡KvbwgK wi‡jkbm wWwfkb)
BBD BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb
BDGbAvBwWI RvwZmsN wkí Dbœqb ms¯’v (BDbvB‡UW b¨vkbm BÛvw÷ªqvj †W‡fjc‡g›U AM©vbvB‡Rkb)
BDGbI RvwZmsNfz³ ms¯’v (BDbvB‡UW b¨vkbm AM©vbvB‡Rkb)
BDGmG gvwK©b hy³ivóª (BDbvB‡UW †÷Um Ae A¨v‡gwiKv)
BDGmwc we‡kl ¸Y (BDwbK †mwjs c‡q›U)
BD‡K hy³ivR¨ (BDbvB‡UW wKsWg)
BDwc eënv‡ii AbygwZ (BDwUjvB‡Rkb cviwgkb)
BwWGd ißvwb Dbœqb Znwej (G·‡cvU© †W‡fjc‡g›U dvÛ)
Bwc‡RW ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv (G·‡cvU© cÖ‡mwms †Rvb)
Bwcwe ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv (G·‡cvU© cÖ‡gvkb ey¨‡iv)
BweG Gfwiw_s evU Avg©m
Bwmwm cwi‡ek QvocÎ (Gbfvqib‡g›U wK¬qv‡iÝ mvwU©wd‡KU)
GAvBwU AwMÖg AvqKi (A¨vWfvÝ BbKvg U¨v·)
GBPGm nvi‡gvbvBRW wm‡÷g
GGmGmIGgGwm b¨vkbvj A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb Ae g¨vbyd¨vKPvivm© Ae dzUAq¨vi, †j`vi¸Wm A¨vÛ U¨vwbs
†UK‡bvjwR
GwUwf AwMÖg evwYwR¨K g~mK (A¨vWfvÝ †UªW f¨vU)
GwWwe Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vsK (Gwkqvb †W‡fjc‡g›U e¨vsK)
GbAvBGdwU b¨vkbvj BÝwUwUDU Ae d¨vkb †UK‡bvjwR

GbGmwWwm RvZxq `ÿZv Dbœqb KvDwÝj (b¨vkbvj w¯‹jm †W‡fjc‡g›U KvDwÝj)
GbwcI b¨vkbvj †cÖvWvKwUwfwU AM©vbvB‡Rkb
GbweAvi RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW© (b¨vkbvj †evW© Ae †iwfwbD)
GdAvBwW Avw_©K cÖwZôvb wefvM (dvBbvwÝqvj Bbw÷wUDkbm wWwfkb)
GdIwe wd« Ab †evW©
GdIqvB A_©eQi (dvBbvwÝqvj Bqvi)
GdwWAvB cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM (d‡ib Wvq‡i± Bb‡f÷‡g›U)
GdwWwWAvB dzUAq¨vi wWRvBb A¨vÛ †W‡fjc‡g›U Bbw÷wUDU
GgAviGmGj wkí‡ÿ‡Î wbwl× Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv (g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis †imwUªK‡UW mve‡÷‡Ým wj÷)
GgGb wgwjqb
GgGjwW ˆ`wbK `k jvL wjUvi (wgwjqb wjUvm© cvi †W)
GgIAvB wkí gš¿Yvjq (wgwbw÷ª Ae BÛvw÷ªR)
GgIBD mg‡SvZv ¯§viK (†g‡gv‡iÛvg Ae AvÛvi÷¨vwÛs)
GgIBGdwmwm cwi‡ek, eb I Rjevqy cwieZ©b gš¿Yvjq (wgwbw÷ª Ae Gbfvqib‡g›U, d‡i÷ A¨vÛ
K¬vB‡gU †PÄ)
GgIwm evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq (wgwbw÷ª Ae Kgvm©)
GgWweøD †gMvIqvU
GgwfG †gMv‡fvë Gw¤úqvm©
GjBBwW wjWviwkc Bb GbvwR© A¨vÛ Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj wWRvBb
GjGdGgBGwe PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKviK I ißvwbKviK mwgwZ, evsjv‡`k (†j`vi¸Wm A¨vÛ
dzUAq¨vi g¨vbyd¨vKPvivm© A¨vÛ G·‡cvU©vm© A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb, evsjv‡`k)
GjGmwewcwm †j`vi †m±i weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb KvDwÝj
GjWweøDwR †j`vi IqvwK©s MÖæc
GjwWwm ¯^‡ívbœZ †`k (wj÷ †W‡fjcW Kvw›Uª)
Gjwm FYcÎ (†jUvi Ae †µwWU)
Gjwmwm Ae¯’vb¯’j msµvšÍ QvocÎ (†jv‡Kkb wK¬qv‡iÝ mvwU©wd‡KU)
GmAviI ÷¨vPzUwi †i¸‡jUwi AW©vi
GmGgB ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí (¯§j A¨vÛ wgwWqvg G›UvicÖvBR)
GmGjG †mev msµvšÍ Pzw³ (mvwf©m †j‡fj GwMÖ‡g›U)
GmwKDGdwU eM©dzU (¯‹qvi dzU)
GmwW m¤ú~iK ïé (mvwcø‡g›Uvwi wWDwU)
GmwWwR †UKmB Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv (mvm‡UB‡bej †W‡fjc‡g›U †Mvjm)
Gmwcwf Riæwi cÖ‡qvR‡b eëüZ hvbevnb (†¯úkvj cvicvR †fwnKj)
GmweWweøDGBP †¯úkvj e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR
IA¨vÛGg cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y (Acv‡ikb A¨vÛ †gBb‡U‡bÝ)
IBGg AwiwRbvj BKzBc‡g›U g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis
IGdAvBwW I‡cK AvšÍRv© wZK Dbœqb Znwej (I‡cK dvÛ di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U)
IGmGm Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m
IwWGg AwiwRbvj wWRvBb g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis
Kz‡qU (†KBDBwU) Lyjbv cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq (Lyjbv BDwbfviwmwU Ae BwÄwbqvwis A¨vÛ
†UK‡bvjwR)
†Kv‡qj (wmIBGj) †m›Uvi Ae Gw·‡jÝ di †j`vi w¯‹j evsjv‡`k wjwg‡UW

K¨vW (wmGwW) Kw¤úDUvi GB‡WW wWRvBb
K¨vg (wmGGg) Kw¤úDUvi GB‡WW g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis
wRGmwc AMÖvwaKvig~jK evRvi myweav (†Rbv‡ijvBRW wm‡÷g Ae †cÖdv‡iÝ)
wRwWwc †gvU †`kR Drcv`b (MÖm †Wv‡gw÷K cÖWv±)
†RWwWGBPwm `~lYKvix ivmvqwb‡Ki k~b¨ wbM©gb (wR‡iv wWmPvR© Ae n¨vRvW©vm †KwgK¨vj)
†Rwf †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM (R‡q›U †fbPvi)
wUBwW XvKv Pvgovwkí bMix (U¨vbvwi G‡÷U XvKv)
wUIAvi Pzw³i kZ© (Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ)
wU‡KGBP KvwiMwi Ávb (†UKwbKvj †bv-nvD)
wUwUGg A¯’vqx Ki ¯’wMZKiY (†U‡¤úvivwi U¨v· †gviv‡Uvwiqvg)
wWIB cwi‡ek Awa`ßi (wWcvU©‡g›U Ae Gbfvqib‡g›U)
wWwcAvi we¯ÍvwiZ cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b (wW‡UBjW cÖ‡R± wi‡cvU©)
XvKv Iqvmv XvKv cvwb mieivn I cqtwb®‹vkb KZ©…c¶ (XvKv IqvUvi mvcøvB A¨vÛ myqv‡iR A‡_vwiwU)
wcGgBD Kg©m~wP eë¯’vcbv BDwbU (†cÖvMÖvg g¨v‡bR‡g›U BDwbU)
wcGgwe cÖKí eë¯’vcbv †evW© (cÖ‡R± g¨v‡bR‡g›U †evW©)
wcwcwc miKvwi-†emiKvwi Askx`vwiZ¡ (cvewjK-cÖvB‡fU cvU©bviwkc)
dvI (GdGI) Lv`¨ I K…wl ms¯’v (dzW A¨vÛ GwMÖKvjPvi AM©vbvB‡Rkb)
weAvBwmGd evsjv‡`k Bb‡f÷‡g›U K¬vB‡gU dvÛ
weGBPwUwcG evsjv‡`k nvB-†UK cvK© A‡_vwiwU
weGb wewjqb
weGdGjGjGdBG evsjv‡`k wdwbkW †j`vi, †j`vi¸Wm A¨vÛ dzUAq¨vi G·‡cvU©vm© A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb
weGwe evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †evW©
weGgBwU Rbkw³ Kg©ms¯’vb I cÖwkÿY ey¨‡iv (ey¨‡iv Ae g¨vbcvIqvi, Ggcøq‡g›U A¨vÛ †UªBwbs)
weGmwUAvB evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s BÝwUwUDkb
weIwW ˆRe Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v (ev‡qvjwRKvj Aw·‡Rb wWgvÛ)
wewUG evsjv‡`k U¨vbvm© G‡mvwm‡qkb
weWv (weAvBwWG) evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶ (evsjv‡`k Bb‡f÷‡g›U †W‡fjc‡g›U A‡_vwiwU)
wewcwm weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb KvDwÝj
weweAvBGb evsjv‡`k, fzUvb, fviZ (BwÛqv), †bcvj Bwbwk‡qwUf
weg‡÷K †e Ae †e½j Bwbwk‡qwUf di gvwë †m±ivj †UKwbKvj A¨vÛ B‡KvbwgK †KvAcv‡ikb
wewmAvBGg evsjv‡`k, Pxb, fviZ (BwÛqv), wgqvbgvi Ñ †dvivg di wiwRIbvj †KvAcv‡ikb
wewmK (weGmwmAvBwm) evsjv‡`k ¶z`ª I KzwUi wkí Ki‡cv‡ikb (evsjv‡`k ¯§j A¨vÛ K‡UR BÛvw÷ªR K‡c©v‡ikb)
ey‡qU (weBDBwU) evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vjq (evsjv‡`k BDwbfviwmwU Ae BwÄwbqvwis A¨vÛ
†UK‡bvjwR)
†eRv (weB‡RWG) evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶ (evsjv‡`k B‡KvbwgK †Rvbm A‡_vwiwU)
†ecRv (weBwc‡RWG) evsjv‡`k ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv KZ©…c¶ (evsjv‡`k G·‡cvU© †cÖv‡mwms †Rvbm
A‡_vwiwU)
g~mK g~j¨ ms‡hvRb Ki
wiP (AviBGwmGBP) ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vwì wbeÜb, g~j¨vqb, Aby‡gv`b I wewawb‡la (†iwR‡÷ªkb, Bfvjy‡qkb,
A‡_vivB‡Rkb A¨vÛ †imwUªKkb Ae †KwgK¨vjm)
wmBwUwc †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMvi (†m›Uªvj Gd¬z‡q›U wUªU‡g›U cø¨v›U)
wmGwRAvi †hŠwMK evwl©K cÖe„w× nvi (K¤úvD‡ÛW A¨vbyqvj †MÖv_ †iU)

wmGdwm Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi
wmGjAviAvB †m›Uªvj †j`vi wimvP© Bbw÷wUDU
wmGjB KvDwÝj di †j`vi G·‡cvU©m
wmIwW ivmvqwbK Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v (†KwgK¨vj Aw·‡Rb wWgvÛ)
wmwUwmwc cZ©zMvj cv`yKv cÖhyw³ †K›`ª (†mb‡Îv †ZK‡bvjwR‡Kv `y KvjKv`y w` cZ©zMvj)
wmwW Avg`vwb ïé (Kv÷gm wWDwU)
wmwWwc KwgwU di †W‡fjc‡g›U cwjwm
wmwcwW †m›Uvi di cwjwm WvqjM
wmwmAvBB Avg`vwb I ißvwb cÖavb wbqš¿‡Ki `ßi (Awdm Ae `¨v wPd K‡›Uªvjvi Ae Bg‡cvU©m A¨vÛ
G·‡cvU©m)

mvims‡ÿc
`ªæZ ea©bkxj A_©bxwZi †`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k Ab¨Zg| †`kwUi †gvU †`kR Drcv`‡bi (wRwWwc) cÖe„w× Afvebxq I
w¯’wZkxj| A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask wn‡m‡e ißvwb LvZ cÖe„w× I Kg©ms¯’v‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ae`vb ivL‡Q|
Z‡e, ißvwbi wmsnfvM Ry‡oB i‡q‡Q ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ| †gvU ißvwb‡Z G Lv‡Zi Ae`vb 82 kZvs‡ki †ewk| ißvwbwbf©i
A_©bxwZi cÖe„w×i Rb¨ ïay ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi Dci wbf©ikxj _vKv AZ¨šÍ SzuwKc~Y©| ewnivMZ AwfNvZ I êwk¦K
A_©‰bwZK Aw¯’iZv msµvšÍ SzuwK ißvwbwbf©i A_©bxwZ‡Z Zzjbvg~jK †ewk| ißvwb cY¨ I evRvi eûgyLxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g Gme
SzuwK †gvKv‡ejv Kiv m¤¢e|
evsjv‡`k miKvi †`kwUi ißvwb cwimi eûgyLx Kiv Ges ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi evB‡i Ab¨vb¨ ißvwbgyLx LvZ‡K mnvqZv
Ki‡Z m‡Pó| evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mßg cÂevwl©K cwiKíbvi (2015-16 †_‡K 2019-20 A_©eQi) Ab¨Zg wfwË ißvwb
eûgyLxKiY| myZivs mßg cÂevwl©K cwiKíbvi eQi¸‡jv‡Z G j‡¶¨ miKvwi ZrciZv e„w× cv‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq|
ißvwb eûgyLxKi‡Yi cÖ_g c`‡¶c wn‡m‡e evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq B‡Zvg‡a¨ Gi Rb¨ me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx LvZ¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i‡Q|
GQvov ißvwb cÖe„w× evov‡Z mywbw`©ó Kg©cwiKíbvmn LvZwfwËK iƒc‡iLv ˆZwi‡ZI gš¿YvjqwU wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Q| G Kv‡R
evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q wek¦e¨vsK MÖæ‡ci B›Uvib¨vkbvj dvBbvÝ K‡c©v‡ikb (AvBGdwm)| AvBGdwmi
Ôevsjv‡`k Bb‡f÷‡g›U K¬vB‡gU dvÛ (weAvBwmGd) 2Õ Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq ˆZwi Kiv GB ißvwb iƒc‡iLv¸‡jvi g~j j¶¨
D”P Drcv`bkxj Lv‡Zi ißvwb-`¶Zv weKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶cmg~n wPwýZ Kiv| Gme iƒc‡iLv ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡j
Gme Lv‡Z wewb‡qvM e„w× cv‡e Ges Zv AšÍf©zw³g~jK Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó I wk‡ívbœq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡e|
ißvwb eûgyLxKi‡Yi †¶‡Î m¤¢vebvgq LvZ¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg Pvgov LvZ1| Af¨šÍixY wnm¨v I ißvwb Dfq ch©v‡qB evsjv‡`‡ki
A_©bxwZ‡Z LvZwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ae`vb ivL‡Q| wk‡ívrcv`b I †`‡ki wRwWwc‡Z LvZwUi Ae`vb h_vµ‡g 2 kZvsk2 I
0.6 kZvsk| Pvgov LvZ †`‡ki wØZxq e„nËg ißvwb wkí| 2015-16 A_©eQ‡i Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡b mivmwi
wb‡qvwRZ wQj 5,58,000 Rb3| GQvov AviI 3,00,000 †jvK G LvZ mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î c‡iv¶fv‡e KvR K‡i‡Q|4
2017-18 A_©eQ‡ii ißvwb Av‡q ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi c‡iB wQj Pvgov Lv‡Zi Ae¯’vb| GB Lv‡Zi m¤¢vebv we‡ePbv K‡i
1
GB ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq Pvgov LvZ‡K wZbwU DcLv‡Z wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q: U¨vwbs ev Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY (wdwbkW Pvgov), cv`yKv
Ges Ab¨vb¨ PvgovRvZ cY¨|
2 ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi| [AbjvBb] msMÖn¯’j: epb.portal.gov.bd|
3
Paul, Hira & Antunes, Paula & Covington, Anthony & Evans, P & Phillips, P.S. (2013). Bangladeshi Leather
Industry: An Overview of Recent Sustainable Developments. Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists.
97. 25-32.
4
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov LvZ Ges U¨vbvwi wkí, weGgBwU| [AbjvBb] msMÖn¯’j:
http://www.bmet.org.bd/BMET/resources/Static%20PDF%20and%20DOC/publication/Brief%20on%20Leathe
r%20sector%20and%20Tannery%20industry%20in%20Bangladesh.pdf|

2017 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi‡Z evsjv‡`k miKvi Pvgov, PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges PvgovRvZ cv`yKv‡K Ôel© cY¨Õ wn‡m‡e †NvlYv
K‡iwQj| GQvov, 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ G Lv‡Z 500 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡ii ißvwb j¶¨gvÎvI wba©viY Kiv n‡qwQj|
Pvgov Lv‡Zi GB MwZ a‡i ivLvi j‡¶¨ ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb e„w×i wKQz Kg©‡KŠkj wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q,
hv iƒc‡iLvwUi wb‡gœv³ j¶¨ AR©‡b mnvqZv Ki‡e:
 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Pvgov ißvwb‡Z we‡k¦i cÖ_g 10wU †`‡ki g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k‡K wb‡q hvIqv|
 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq KZ©…K wba©vwiZ 500 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡ii Pvgov ißvwbi j¶¨gvÎv AR©b
Kiv|
PvgovRvZ cY¨ eënv‡i kZ eQ‡ii HwZ‡nï cvkvcvwk cy‡iv we‡k¦i †gvU Mevw`cïi 1.3-1.8 kZvs‡ki Avevm¯’j
evsjv‡`‡k nIqv m‡Ë¡I êwk¦K Pvgov evwY‡R¨ †`kwUi wnm¨v gvÎ 0.5 kZvsk| 2017-18 A_©eQ‡ii wn‡me Abyhvqx
evsjv‡`‡k RveiKvUv cïi msL¨v 5.5 †KvwU| GQvov †`kwU‡Z i‡q‡Q wecyj I m¯Ív kÖgkw³, 6,200wU KviLvbv (U¨vbvwi,
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv) Ges ißvwbgyLx Pvgov evwY‡Rï Rb¨ KuvPvgvj I hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z ïégy³ myweav I ißvwb
cÖ‡Yv`bvmn bvbvgyLx miKvwi mnvqZv| Gme Kvi‡Y Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb eû¸Y e„w× Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k Zvi
mvg_©¨ I m¶gZv evov‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ißvwbi eZ©gvb cÖeYZv †_‡K ejv hvq, 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 500 †KvwU gvwK©b
Wjv‡ii j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Kiv †ek KwVb n‡e| Pvgov Lv‡Zi weKv‡k miKv‡ii c¶ †_‡K cwiKwíZ I mgwš^Z †ekwKQz
c`‡¶c MÖnY Avï cÖ‡qvRb| Gme c`‡¶‡ci g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi cY¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì m¶gZv e„w× Kiv,
U¨vbvwi wk‡í cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii KuvPvgvj Drcv`b I ißvwb †_‡K D”Pg~‡jï I Kgcøv‡q›U Pvgov Drcv`‡b hvIqv,
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cv‡U©i gva¨‡g †KŠkjMZ eª¨vwÛs, e¨vcK gvÎvi Af¨šÍixY wewb‡qvM AvK…ó Kiv, Pvgovi êwk¦K evRv‡i
†Rviv‡jv evRviRvZKiY, cÖavb cÖavb eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZvi mv‡_ Kvh©Ki m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ I
cv`yKv evRv‡ii kxl© cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM (GdwWAvB) I †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M (†Rwf) AvK…ó Kiv|
ißvwb iƒc‡iLv ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j ißvwb cÖv°jb

2015-16 A_©eQi‡K wfwË eQi a‡i Ges 2025 mvj ch©šÍ mg‡qi Rb¨ Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
G iƒc‡iLvq cÖe„w×i m¤¢ve¨ `yBwU `„k¨Kí we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 1g `„k¨Kí ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv, ¯^vfvweK cÖe„w× Ges AZx‡Zi
cÖeYZvi Dci wfwË K‡i ˆZwi| Ab¨w`‡K 2q `„k¨K‡íi cÖv°jb †ei Kiv n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ißvwb j¶¨gvÎvi
Dci wbf©i K‡i| cÖv°jb `yBwU wbgœiƒc:

mviwY 1: PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwbi cÖv°jb5
wfwË eQi `„k¨Kí 1 `„k¨Kí 2
c‡Yï aib
2015-16 2020-21 2024-25 2020-21 2024-25
Pvgov (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) * 28.8 46.8 110.5 100.0 348.0
PvgovRvZ cv`yKv Ñ †gvU †Rvov (†KvwU) 4.8 10.8 19.0 22.7 85.1
PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b
Wjvi) Ñ (K) 49.4 150.0 312.6 325.0 1,400.0
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ñ †gvU cY¨`ªe¨ (†KvwU) 4.4 9.0 23.4 20.0 36.3
PvgovRvZ c‡Yï g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b
Wjvi) Ñ (L) 34.5 84.0 240.0 175.0 340.0
†gvU ißvwb g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) Ñ
(K) + (L) 83.9 234.0 552.6 500.0 1,740.0
* evsjv‡`‡k g~j¨ ms‡hvwRZ PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`b e„w× †c‡j ißvwbKviK ms¯’v¸‡jv KZ©…K Pvgov µ‡qi nvi e„w× cvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| Avi
ZvB GLv‡b m¤¢ve¨ I cÖZ¨¶ Pvgov ißvwbi mgwš^Z g~j¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv|
ißvwbi cÖe„w× I cÖeYZv we‡ePbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 500 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡ii j¶¨gvÎv AR©b †_‡K
LvZwU GL‡bv A‡bK wcwQ‡q i‡q‡Q| myZivs, 1g `„k¨K‡íi j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡jI Awej‡¤^ Avï c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi
†Kv‡bv weKí †bB|
Dfq `„k¨K‡í Drcv`‡bi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e Pvgov (†`kxq I Avg`vwbK…Z Dfq ai‡bi), wewb‡qvM, kÖgkw³, f‚wg Ges
we`y¨‡Zi Pvwn`v we‡kølYc~e©K wb‡P Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv| cÖ‡Z¨K `„k¨K‡í Drcv`‡bi cwigv‡Yi mgvbycvwZK nv‡i Dcv`vb
Pvwn`v wba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q|
mviwY 2: `yBwU `„k¨K‡íi Rb¨ Dcv`vb Pvwn`v

`„k¨Kí 1 `„k¨Kí 2
Dcv`vb Pvwn`v
2021 2025 2021 2025
Pvgov (†KvwU eM©dzU) 72 160 157 370
AwZwi³ wewb‡qvM (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) 110 235 340 830
Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó (bZzb PvKwii msL¨v) 1,98,000 3,80,000 6,00,000 16,10,000
bvix‡ì Rb¨ bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb* 1,38,600 2,66,000 4,20,000 11,27,000
Rwg (GKi) 300 800 900 2,700
we`y¨r (†gMvIqvU) 40 75 130 350
* Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Z bvix kÖwg‡Ki msL¨v A‡cÿvK…Z Kg Ñ 60 kZvsk Ñ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e cv`yKv Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ DcLvZ¸‡jv‡Z
Zv 70 †_‡K 80 kZvs‡ki g‡a¨ _vKvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| bvix Kg©ms¯’vb M‡o †gvU Kg©ms¯’v‡bi 70 kZvsk a‡i GLv‡b bvix‡ì Kg©ms¯’v‡bi
cwigvY wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Gme cÖv°jb I Dcv`vb Pvwn`vi Dci wfwË K‡iB evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ GKwU D”Pvwfjvlx j¶¨ wba©viY Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
5
Drm: †UªWg¨vc|

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi j¶¨
wewfbœ ai‡bi m¶gZv GKxf‚Z I e„w× Kiv Ges me©vaywbK cÖhyw³, `¶ gvbem¤ú` I mvm‡UB‡bej cwi‡ek eë¯’vcbvq
wewb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Pvgov, PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwb‡Z kxl© 10 †`‡ki ZvwjKvq evsjv‡`k‡K
wb‡q hvIqv|
AR©‡bi Dcvq
eZ©gvb êwk¦K evRv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov wkí‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq m¶g I Kgcøv‡q›U ivL‡Z mnvqK cwi‡ek m„wói Rb¨
†ekwKQz †KŠkjMZ c`‡¶c †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb| †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM I KvwiMwi mn‡hvwMZv AvKv‡i Af¨šÍixY I cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK
wewb‡qvM AvKl©‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖavb cÖavb êwk¦K f¨vjy †PB‡bi Askx`vi‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb I mn‡hvwMZvc~Y© m¤úK©
ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| DbœZZi KvwiMwi `¶Zv AR©b K‡i Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i gva¨‡g cwi‡ekMZfv‡e †UKmB I ißvwbi
Dc‡hvMx Kgcøv‡qÝ AbymiY K‡i †`kxq KuvPvgv‡j g~j¨ ms‡hvRb m‡e©v”P ¯Í‡i †bIqv| AvšÍR©vwZK eª¨vÛ I LyPiv
we‡µZv‡ì Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ gvb`Ð¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s BÝwUwUDkb (weGmwUAvB),
evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †evW© (weGwe) I mb`cÎ cÖ`vbKvix Ab¨vb¨ †emiKvwi ms¯’v‡K kw³kvjx Kiv Ges bvix-cyiæl
Df‡qi Rb¨ AwaK, DbœZ I †kvfb PvKwi ˆZwi‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv| Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w× Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi
mgvb (evowZ wKQz bv n‡jI) myweav I cÖ‡Yv`bv wbwðZ Kiv, hv‡Z ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi ïiæ‡ZB LvZwUi
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¶gZv e„w× cvq|
P¨v‡jÄmg~n
wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j m¤¢ve¨ P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv Riæwi| j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi c‡_ eûgvwÎK P¨v‡jÄ
†gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Avi GRb¨ ìKvi cwiKwíZ, ev¯Íem¤§Z I mwµq c`‡¶c| cy‡iv ißvwb LvZ †hme
P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡jv: Ach©vß †hvMv‡hvM AeKvVv‡gv, RwUj Ki I ïé eë¯’v, Kómva¨ I cÖjw¤^Z
e¨vswKs †jb‡`b, gvjvgvj cwien‡b `xN©mw~ ÎZv, e›`‡i cY¨ Lvjv‡m axi MwZ I A¯^vfvweK iK‡gi †ewk wjW UvBg, eëmv
cwiPvjbvq Pov LiP, Ki eë¯’vq AwbðqZv Ges cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM I †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M `xN©mw~ ÎZv| Ab¨vb¨ ißvwb
Lv‡Zi g‡Zv Pvgov LvZI GKB iKg cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q| AwaKš‘, ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj
†`‡ki ZvwjKvq DËiY n‡j we`¨gvb ißvwb evRv‡i evsjv‡`k ïégy³ myweav nviv‡e| Gme P¨v‡j‡Äi cvkvcvwk Pvgov
Lv‡Zi AwZwi³ wKQz P¨v‡jÄI i‡q‡Q hv †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ n¯Í‡¶c Ges ev¯Íem¤§Z I `xN©‡gqv`x ms‡kvabx c`‡¶c †bIqv
cÖ‡qvRb|
Pvgov Lv‡Z †h we‡kl P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q Zv wb¤œiƒc:
Ach©vß Kgcøv‡qÝ
cy‡iv Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡”Q, AvšÍRv© wZK †µZviv Pvq ißvwb cY¨wU cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I kÖg
msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK Kgcøv‡qÝmg~‡ni gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡e| myZivs, êwk¦K evRv‡i ißvwb cÖe„w× evov‡bvi g~j

wbqvgK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e Pvgov Lv‡Zi cY¨¸‡jvi Kgcøv‡qÝ| nvRvixev‡Mi cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y mv¤cÖwZK
eQi¸‡jv‡Z U¨vbvwi cY¨ ißvwb n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Avb‡›ì msev` n‡jv, KviLvbv¸‡jv B‡Zvg‡a¨ mvfv‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Pvgov I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï ißvwb cÖe„w×i Rb¨ mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi KvR m¤ú~Y© Kiv Ges †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨
†kvabvMvi (wmBwUwc) cwiPvjbvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjv Riæwi|
KuvPvgvj µq msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ (we‡klZ C`yj Avhnvi mgq)
wewfbœ kni I Zvi evB‡i †_‡K C`yj Avhnvi mgq 40-50 kZvsk KuvPv Pvgov I Qvj msMÖn Kiv n‡q _v‡K| MÖvgvÂ‡j
KuvPv Pvgov i¶Yv‡e¶Y I msi¶Y Kiv KwVb| Pvgov Lv‡Zi ga¨¯^Z¡‡fvMxiv †hŠw³K g~j¨ wba©vi‡Y e¨vNvZ NUvq, hvi
Kvi‡Y cy‡iv mieivn eë¯’vq wek„•Lj cwiw¯’wZi m„wó nq| C‡ì mg‡q †`ke¨vcx A`¶ I Avav`¶ KmvB‡ì gva¨‡g
GKwU eo msL¨K cï RevB Kiv‡bv nq, hv Pvgov I Qv‡ji A‡bK ¶wZmvab K‡i| cï RevB‡qi we`¨gvb cwiKvVv‡gv
bvRyKfv‡e i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv n‡q _v‡K Ges †mLv‡b A¯^v¯’¨Ki I A‰eÁvwbK Dcv‡q Pvgov bvovPvov Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
Gm‡ei d‡j Pvgovi g~j¨ n«vm cvq|
wmBwUwci Ach©vß m¶gZv
mvfv‡ii wmBwUwc c~Y©v½iƒ‡c mwµq bq| †ewki fvM U¨vbvwiB cwi‡ekMZ wewagvjv Ges †ckvMZ wbivcËv I ¯^v¯’¨ mswkøó
gvb`Ðmg~n †g‡b P‡j bv| Gi d‡j AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i Pvgov I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm cv‡”Q| XvKv
Pvgovwkí bMixi Am¤ú~Y© Avbylw½K AeKvVv‡gvi Kvi‡Y Pvgovi Drm wb‡`©kK (†Uª‡mwewjwU) eë¯’vcbv h_vh_ _vK‡Q
bv| G‡Z †`‡ki fveg~wZ© ¶zYœ n‡”Q Ges ¯’vbxq Pvgov Øviv Drcvw`Z PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm cv‡”Q|
U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡Z eëüZ ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï cwigvY AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`‡Ði †P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i †ewk; wdwbkW Pvgovq
ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï Dcw¯’wZi gvÎv BD‡ivcxq BDwbq‡bi wiP (ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vwì wbeÜb, g~j¨vqb, Aby‡gv`b I wewawb‡la)
gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ G‡Kev‡iB m½wZc~Y© bq|
gvb I Drcv`b cÖwµqvi nvjbvMv‡` NvUwZ
wek¦Ry‡o PvgovRvZ cY¨ cÖavbZ GKwU d¨vkb cY¨| G‡ÿ‡Î ZvB ¸YMZ gvb I bKkv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| GRb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ
gvb`Ð Ges me©‡kl cÖeYZv I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© AvKl©Yxq d¨vkb I bKkv D™¢ve‡b mZK© ch©‡e¶Y ìKvi| LvZwUi
cÖe„w× evov‡Z `¶Zv I eënvwiK Ávb Ges KvwiMwi kÖgkw³i Dbœqb NUv‡bv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| G Lv‡Z Drcv`b cÖwµqv I
Drcv`bkxjZvi DrKl© mva‡b KvwiMwi mnvqZv Riæwi| µv÷ Pvgov ˆZwi †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b †h‡Z
KviLvbv¸‡jvi cÖhyw³ I KvwiMwi Áv‡bi Afve i‡q‡Q| Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×‡Z GwU GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wbqvgK|
Pvgov Lv‡Z GKwU wbqwgZ mgm¨v n‡”Q Avav`¶ I `¶ kÖgkw³ †_‡K ïiæ K‡i bKkvKvi, KvwiMwi kÖwgK, gvb eë¯’vcbv
I gvb wbqš¿Y eë¯’vcbvmn ZË¡veavb I eë¯’vcbv Kg©KZ©v ch©šÍ `¶ Kg©xi Afve|
wkí I we`¨vqZ‡bi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb `~iZ¡ `~i Kiv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n¯Í‡¶c| GUv Kiv †M‡j welq cwiKíbv, cvV¨m~wP wVK
Kiv, wkíKviLvbvq mœvZK wWwMÖavix‡ì wb‡qvM cÖ`vb Ges GKv‡WwgK M‡elYvi gv‡bi Dci cÖfve co‡e, cÖKvivšÍ‡i hv
Drcv`bkxjZv evov‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|
evsjv‡`k miKvi A_©bxwZ‡K wbqvgKwbf©i cÖe„w× †_‡K Drcv`bkxjZv I D™¢vebwbf©i cÖew„ ×‡Z wb‡q †M‡Q| GB D‡Ï‡k¨
ev‡R‡U eivÏ i‡q‡Q| AZGe, AwaK Drcv`bkxjZvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii ev‡R‡Ui mv‡_ gvb I cÖwµqv nvjbvMv‡` mvgÄm¨
NUv‡Z n‡e|

wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uv‡ii Afve
c‡Yï f¨vjy †PBb‡K µv÷ Pvgov †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b wb‡q †h‡Z n‡j U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡Z hš¿cvwZ I miÄv‡g cÖPzi
wewb‡qvM ìKvi| bZzb hš¿cvwZi Drcv`b ¶gZvi †P‡q A‡bK ¶z`ª I gvSvwi U¨vbvwii Drcv`b Kvh©µg Kg nIqvq,
Gme U¨vbvwi GB wewb‡qvM‡K Avw_©Kfv‡e jvfRbK g‡b K‡i bv| myZivs, ¶z`ª I gvSvwi U¨vbvwii Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU
†m›Uvi _vK‡Z n‡e|
g~j¨ ms‡hvRb‡K Drmvn cÖ`v‡b bxwZgvjvi Abycw¯’wZ
evsjv‡`‡ki U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡Z Lye Aí cwigvY µv÷ Pvgov‡K wdwbkW Pvgovq iƒcvšÍi Kiv nq| †`‡k cÖwµqvRvZ KuvPv
Pvgov I Qvj µv÷ Pvgov wn‡m‡e ißvwb n‡q _v‡K| G‡Z †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i we‡kl g~j¨ ms‡hvRb N‡U bv| U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K
c‡Yï f¨vjy †PBb DbœZ Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡j Zv Pvgov LvZ I †`‡ki Rb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ A_©‰bwZK AR©‡b f‚wgKv
ivL‡e| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h wdwbkW Pvgovi g~j¨ µv÷ Pvgovi g~‡jï †P‡q 60 kZvsk †ewk6|
mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi mxwgZ m¶gZv
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq wba©vwiZ ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi m¶gZv
eû¸Y e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| LvZwUi `ªæZ cÖe„w×i Rb¨ PÆMÖvg, ivRkvnxi g‡Zv AÂ‡jI bZzb Pvgovwkí bMix ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
cðvrgyLx ms‡hv‡Mi Afve
mieivn eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kiv †M‡j Zv Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| f¨vjy †PB‡b ms‡hvM NUv‡bvi cÖwµqvq evsjv‡`‡ki
Pvgov LvZ eo ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZvi m¤§yLxb| U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi hš¿cvwZ, ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vw` I miÄvg ìKvi| †ewki fvM
U¨vbvwi hš¿cvwZ, ivmvqwbK I miÄvg evB‡i †_‡K Avg`vwb Kiv nq| wk‡íi Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z Gme DcKi‡Yi cðvrgyLx
ms‡hvM h‡_ó bq|
ê‡`wkK I Af¨šÍixY wewb‡qv‡M axi MwZ
`ªæZ cÖe„w×i ißvwbi Rb¨ Pvgov Lv‡Z ê‡`wkK I Af¨šÍixY wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y Kiv Riæwi| Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖavb ms¯‹vi
wn‡m‡e Af¨šÍixY I ê‡`wkK Drm n‡Z wewb‡qvM e„w× AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| bxwZ-wba©viK‡ì AvKv•ÿv Abyhvqx GLbI ch©vß
cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM †`Lv hv‡”Q bv| cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM Avbv Ges LyPiv we‡µZv I eª¨vÛ¸‡jvi
mv‡_ m¤úK© ˆZwi Kiv GLbI eo P¨v‡jÄ n‡qB Av‡Q| ißvwb cÖe„w×i Rb¨ e¨vcK gvÎvq eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZvi mv‡_
cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© ˆZwi Kiv Riæwi| wewb‡qvM I mvcøvB †PBb ¯’vbvšÍ‡i Drmvn cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qv‡Mi
kZ©vewj mnR I AvKl©Yxq Kiv ìKvi|
mxwgZ evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav
me©‡gvU êwk¦K evRv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ‡ekvwaKvi AwZ bMY¨ Ñ gvÎ 0.5 kZvsk| Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi gvb`Ðmg~n h_vh_fv‡e
AbymiY, †Uª‡mwewjwU I eª¨vwÛs‡qi gva¨‡g fveg~wZ© cÖwZwôZ Kiv GLbI GKwU P¨v‡jÄ|
6
2010-2015 mg‡qi g‡a¨ µv÷ I wdwbkW Pvgov ißvwb‡Z wek¦Ry‡o g~j¨ eëavb wb‡q GKwU we‡køl‡Y GB Z_¨ cvIqv †M‡Q|

ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi Abyiƒc myweav I cÖ‡Yv`bvi NvUwZ
ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi avivevwnK I `ªæZ cÖe„w×i Rb¨ LvZwU eQ‡ii ci eQi Aby‡cÖiYvg~jK bxwZ mnvqZv I A_©‰bwZK
cÖ‡Yv`bv †c‡q G‡m‡Q| MZ wZb `kK a‡i LvZwU bvbv miKvwi cÖ‡Yv`bv cv‡”Q| A‡bK †¶‡ÎB Pvgovmn Ab¨vb¨ LvZ
GKBiKg bxwZ mnvqZv I cÖ‡qvRbxq ißvwb cÖ‡Yv`bv cv‡”Q bv|
¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Rb¨ mnvqK cwiw¯’wZi Abycw¯’wZ
PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`‡b A‡bK¸‡jv ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí RwoZ i‡q‡Q| c‡Yï gvb, bKkv, c‡Yï aib,
Drcv`bkxjZv Ges m‡e©vcwi Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î Gme wk‡íi DrKl©Zv ìKvi|
¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËiY
2021 mv‡ji wÎevwl©K ch©v‡jvPbv mfvq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki (GjwWwm) ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki ZvwjKvq
DËi‡Yi Rb¨ mycvwik Kivi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| GB ch©v‡jvPbvi avivevwnKZvq 2024 mv‡j evsjv‡`k GjwWwm †`‡ki
ZvwjKv †_‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †ei n‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i| ¯^‡ívbœZ †`k7 wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k AMÖvwaKvig~jK evRvi myweav
(wRGmwc) †c‡q _v‡K| Gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k †_‡K AwaKvsk cY¨ (GBPGm 93 Qvov GBmGm 01-97) ißvwb‡Z DbœZ
†`k¸‡jv n«vmK…Z ev k~b¨ ï‡éi myweav w`‡q _v‡K| GB myweavi Aax‡b evsjv‡`k 38wU †`‡k k~b¨ Avg`vwb ïé myweav
Dc‡fvM K‡i _v‡K| G‡ì g‡a¨ 28wU †`k BD‡ivcxq BDwbqbfz³ Ges evwK 10wU Ab¨vb¨ †`k| ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv
†_‡K DËiY n‡j Ges ïé I †KvUvgy³ myweav nviv‡j evsjv‡`k ¸iæZi P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb n‡e hv `xN©‡gqv`x †KŠkjMZ
Kg©cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g †gvKv‡ejv Kiv m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i|
mycvwikK…Z c`‡¶cmg~n
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq Pvgov Lv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges cwiw¯’wZi Dbœq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabg~jK c`‡¶c
mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q| mycvwikK…Z c`‡¶ç‡jv n‡jv:
Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ gvb`Ð AbymiY Kiv
 Kgcøv‡qÝ wbwðZ Kiv: mvg‡bi eQi¸‡jv‡Z U¨vbvwi I PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Z Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ Kiv
Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×i Rb¨ Ab¨Zg wbqvgK wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡”Q| cwi‡e‡ki Dci ¶wZKi cÖfve bv †d‡j
†Kv‡bv LvZ hv‡Z †e‡o DV‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ K‡i Kgcøv‡qÝ| Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ K‡qKwU n¯Í‡¶c
mycvwik Kiv n‡jv:
 mwgwZ¸‡jvi mv‡_ civgk© K‡i mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK wbivcËv, †ckvMZ I ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ wel‡q
RvZxq ch©v‡q Kgcøv‡qÝ wb‡`©wkKv Ges mb`cÎ cÖ`vb welqK Kg©m~wP nv‡Z wb‡Z n‡e| AvšÍR©vwZK Kgcøv‡qÝ
gvb`Ð I Pvwn`v‡K wfwË a‡i G¸‡jv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ mKj ai‡bi gvb`‡Ði kZ©vewj we`¨gvb KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| mKj bZzb
KviLvbvq Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi e¨vcv‡i Zxÿè bRi`vwi ivL‡Z n‡e|
7
RvwZms‡Ni AšÍM©Z †`k¸‡jvi GKwU ZvwjKv|

 GKwU Kvh©Ki eëmvqx mwgwZi Aax‡b GKwU mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I Kgcøv‡qÝ †mj cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| Kg©¯’‡j
wbivcËv msµvšÍ mvgvwRK Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ð¸‡jv Ges RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg AvBb LvZwU †g‡b Pj‡Q wKbv
Zv ch©‡e¶Y I wbwðZ Ki‡e GB †mj|
 evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv‡Z GKwU mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU Kgcøv‡qÝ †mj cÖwZôv
Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n c~i‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ we‡klÁ wb‡qv‡M Pvgov
LvZ‡K A_©‰bwZK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b GKwU mvgwMÖK cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z
n‡e|
 †j`vi IqvwK©s MÖæ‡ci mb`cÎ AR©b Ki‡Z Pvgov LvZ I U¨vbvwimn Gi DcLvZ¸‡jv‡K KvwiMwifv‡e mnvqZv
cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 LvZwU AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n cy‡ivcywi c~iY Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq m¶gZv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges hZw`b Zv bv nq
ZZw`b G‡K A_©‰bwZK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ Gme mb`cÎ I gvb`Ð QvovI U¨vbvwi wk‡íi me©e„nr AÂj A_©vr mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi
AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb cy‡iv gvÎvq m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡ii (wmBwUwc) h_vh_
cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y U¨vbvwi¸‡jv Ges m‡e©vcwi Pvgov LvZ †UKmB nIqvi †¶‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡e|
G‡¶‡Î mKj U¨vbvwi KZ©…K Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ hveZxq MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvb`Ðmn mwVK †evSvcov mnKv‡i mvgwMÖK
eR©¨ wbM©gb bxwZgvjv †g‡b PjvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
 U¨vbvwii DcRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡b wewb‡qvM K‡i g~j¨ ms‡hvR‡b Ae`vb ivLv m¤¢e| G‡ÿ‡Î D‡`¨v³v‡ì Drmvn
cÖ`vb Ki‡Z wbw`©ó wewb‡qvM Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g f¨vjy †PB‡bi wb‡Pi fvM‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv
KwVb e‡R©ï mwVK eë¯’vcbvq mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| ïay ZvB bq, Gi gva¨‡g wbgœeZ©x eëmvq Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvMI
m„wó n‡Z cv‡i|
Drcv`b cÖwµqvq gvb I Drcv`bkxjZv
 wkí LvZ I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb eëavb `~i Kiv: KvwiMwi eënvwiK Áv‡bi †¶‡Î wkí LvZ I wk¶v
cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb `~i‡Z¡i Aemvb NUv‡Z wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM I mgwš^Z cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv Riæwi|
cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvi mywbw`©ó †¶Î wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wkí LvZ I wk¶v cÖwZôvb‡K wbqwgZ Av‡jvPbvq em‡Z
n‡e| Pvgov Lv‡Zi AvaywbKvq‡b Ges D”PZi KvwiMwi `¶Zv m„wói gva¨‡g LvZwUi KvwiMwi m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z
e¨vcK c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwk¶Y: kÖgkw³i `¶Zv DbœZ Ki‡Z cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wP cÖ‡qvRb| Pvgov wb‡q dwjZ M‡elYvi
Rb¨ †`kxq cÖwk¶Y Bbw÷wUDU I wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK wk¶v cÖwZôvb I M‡elYv Aby`vb ms¯’vi mv‡_ UzBwbs8
ev AvbyôvwbK mn‡hvwMZvg~jK m¤úK© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
8
g¨vK‡Wvbv Mqi‡ni (2002) g‡Z, UzBwbs n‡”Q Ôhy³iv‡Rï †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó wefvM ev cÖwZôvb Ges Dbœqbkxj we‡k¦i Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv
wefvM ev cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ `vßwiK m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv, hvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡e Pvwn`vi mwVK g~j¨vq‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv Ges cieZ©x mKj
ch©v‡q Kvh©Ki cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZv wbwðZ KivÕ| evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vc‡U Gi A_© n‡”Q †Kv‡bv AMÖmi cÖwZôvb (D`vniY¯îƒc,
wmGjAviAvB) Ges weKv‡ki ga¨ ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi (†hgb, AvBGjBwU) g‡a¨ mn‡hvwMZvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb
Kiv| Drm: Macdonagh, R., Jiddawi, M., and Parry, V. (2002). Twinning: The future for sustainable collaboration.
BJU International. 89(Supl.): 13-17. msMÖn¯’j: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1465-5101.2001.128.x/pdf|

¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Dbœqb
Pvgov Lv‡Zi `ªæZ cÖe„w× Ges †`kxq Pvwn`v c~iY I ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡Z
cv‡i| eZ©gv‡b cÖvq 160wU KviLvbv i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv nq cÖZ¨¶fv‡e ißvwb Kvh©µ‡g cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q, bq‡Zv ißvwb evRv‡i
mshy³ i‡q‡Q| wVKv`vwi I Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡q ißvwbKviK‡ì mv‡_ ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi (cÖvq 2,500 KviLvbv) ms‡hvM
NUv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí eûwea P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb| †`kRy‡o wewfbœ K¬v÷vi ev ¸‡”Q Qwo‡q wQwU‡q
_vKv cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`bKvix †QvU †QvU KviLvbv AvbyôvwbK cÖ¯Z
‘ KviK LvZ wn‡m‡e GLbI ¯^xK…wZ cvqwb|
Gme KviLvbvi m¤¢vebvi weKvk NUv‡Z Ges A_©bxwZ‡Z G‡ì Kvw•ÿZ gvÎvi Ae`vb †c‡Z miKv‡ii DwPZ GLbB
cÖ‡Yv`bvg~jK c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv|
 ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Dbœqb: GKwU eo msL¨K ¶z`ª I †QvU D‡`¨vM i‡q‡Q hv nq mivmwi Af¨šÍixY evRv‡ii Rb¨
KvR K‡i A_ev wVKv`vi wn‡m‡e Ñ we‡kl K‡i e¨¯Í †gŠmy‡g Ñ eo KviLvbv¸‡jvi Rb¨ KvR K‡i| gvb, bKkv, c‡Yï
aib, Drcv`bkxjZv Ges m‡e©vcwi Gme ¸‡”Qi Drcv`b DbœZ Kivi h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| GKwU ev `yBwU ¸”Q hw`
AvaywbK Drcv`b PP©v I cÖhyw³ eënvi ïiæ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv Ab¨vb¨ ¸‡”Qi g‡a¨ `ªæZ Qwo‡q co‡e| KzwUiwkí ¸”Q
(AvwU©Rvbvj K¬v÷vi) m¤ú‡K© †evSvcov cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z Ges †Kvb †Kvb Dcv‡q evsjv‡`‡ki PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv
Lv‡Z GwU cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiv ìKvi|
KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji gvb Dbœqb
KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji gvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cïcvjb †_‡K RevB Kiv, Pvgov µq †_‡K cÖwµqvRvZKiY ch©šÍ GKwU kw³kvjx
ch©‡e¶Y eë¯’v M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| cvkvcvwk, U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K µv÷ Pvgov Drcv`b †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b †h‡Z
mnvqZv Ki‡Z AvšÍR©vwZK we‡klÁ‡ì wb‡qvM Kiv Riæwi| Gme we‡klÁ gvb I cÖwµqv Dbœq‡b KvR Ki‡eb|
U¨vbvwi¸‡jv KZ©…K Gme we‡klÁ wb‡qv‡M fZ©zwK cÖ`vb Ki‡Z GKwU Kg©m~wP ìKvi n‡e| µv÷ Pvgov Drcv`b †_‡K
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b †h‡Z wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b mv‡c‡¶ Ges LiP fvMvfvwMi wfwË‡Z GB fZ©zwK †Ìqv †h‡Z
cv‡i|
Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi ¯’vcb
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uv‡ii (wmGdwm) cvkvcvwk cÖwµqv I Drcv`bkxjZvi DrKl© mva‡b
KvwiMwi mnvqZv Riæwi| µv÷ †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ GKwU wmGdwm wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e, hv U¨vbvwi¸‡jv
fvMvfvwM K‡i eënvi Ki‡e| A‡bK Dbœqbkxj †`‡k Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qB G ai‡bi wmGdwm wbg©vY Kiv
n‡q‡Q| U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi Dci Avw_©K †evSv Kgv‡bvi cvkvcvwk U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K bZzb cÖwµqv I hš¿cvwZi Rb¨ Kg©Pvix‡ì
cÖwk¶Y cÖ`v‡b †h LiP Ki‡Z n‡Zv †mB LiPI n«vm Ki‡e wmGdwm|
bZzb Pvgov Drcv`‡b M‡elYv
eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k gvÎ K‡qK ai‡bi Pvgov Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| Drcv`‡bi eo AskB n‡”Q µv÷ Pvgov; bZzb ai‡bi
Pvgov Drcv`‡b M‡elYv I D™¢vebx cÖ‡Póv Lye GKUv nqwb| GQvov U¨vbvi‡ì g‡a¨ wbgœgv‡bi Pvgovi gvb e„w×i Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq eënvwiK Áv‡bi Afve i‡q‡Q| †h‡Kv‡bv Pvgov ev Qv‡ji cÖwZwU j‡U G ai‡bi Pvgovi cwigvY Kgc‡¶ 20
kZvsk| myZivs, bZzb Pvgovi M‡elYv I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Ges cÖwµqv I Drcv`bkxjZvi DrKl© mva‡b KvwiMwi mnvqZv
cÖ‡qvRb|

bZzb evRv‡i cÖ‡ek I bZzb cY¨ D™¢ve‡bi gva¨‡g eûgyLxKiY
cv`yKv: cY¨ eûgyLxKi‡Yi †¶‡Î GmcvwWªj GKwU D™¢vebx cY¨ hv eZ©gv‡b wek¦Ry‡o g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Q| DcLvZwUi
Rb¨ wb‡gœ K‡qKwU bZzb evRvi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv:
 †Ljvayjvi cv`yKv Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, hy³ivR¨, d«vÝ, Rvg©vwb, †ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I Aw÷ªqv|
 cv`yKv, †Mvovwj ch©šÍ Ave„Z, evB‡i ivevi ev Pvgovi AveiYmn cøvw÷‡Ki ˆZwi, †b‡mvB Ñ BZvwj, d«vÝ, hy³ivR¨,
†ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I KvbvWv|
 cv`yKv, evB‡i ivevi ev Pvgovi AveiYmn cøvw÷‡Ki ˆZwi, †b‡mvB Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, BZvwj, d«vÝ,
†ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I hy³ivR¨|
Ab¨vb¨ PvgovRvZ cY¨: Avg`vwb-ißvwb msµvšÍ AZx‡Zi Z_¨-DcvË we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hv‡”Q, we`¨gvb evRvimg~‡n
evsjv‡`k †hme bZzb cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q UªvsK I myU‡Km| †hme m¤¢ve¨ evRv‡i DcLvZwU cÖ‡ek
Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
 nvZe¨vM Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨, †Kvwiqv, Rvcvb, Rvg©vwb I Pxb|
 nvZ‡gvRv I `¯Ívbv Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨, †¯úb I myB‡Wb|
 †eë I KvZ©zR ivLvi †eë Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨ I †Kvwiqv|
 PvgovRvZ Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, BZvwj, †cvj¨vÛ, †PK wicvewjK, Rvg©vwb I d«vÝ|
mivmwi evRviRvZKiY
eo eª¨vÛ I cvBKvi‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© ˆZwi Kivi K_v we‡ePbvq †i‡L Pvgov µ‡qi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU evRvi wn‡m‡e
Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK †gjv I evwYR¨ cÖwZwbwa`‡j AskMÖnY Kivi ga¨ w`‡q evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav DbœZ
Ki‡Z c`‡¶c †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| mivmwi evRviRvZKi‡Yi mgq AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡ii Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK wba©vwiZ
cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I wbivcËv msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi gvb`Ðmg~‡ni AMÖMwZ Ges LvZwUi AšÍwb©wnZ kw³gËv‡K Zz‡j
ai‡Z n‡e|
eZ©gvb bxwZ mnvqZv kw³kvjx Kiv
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Dbœqb Kg©m~wP ißvwb m¤cÖmviY I eûgyLxKi‡Yi nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e evwYR¨ bxwZ‡K eënv‡i m‡Pó|
ißvwb evRv‡i †`kwUi mdjZv AR©‡b evwYR¨ bxwZwU mnvqK f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| MZ 10 eQ‡i mvgwMÖK ißvwbi cwigvY
wZb¸Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q| 2006 mv‡j ißvwbi cwigvY wQj 1,200 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi, hv 2016 mv‡j G‡m ùvwo‡q‡Q 3,800
†KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡i9| cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖYxZ we‡kl bxwZgvjv Ges evwYR¨ cÖ‡Yv`bvI LvZwUi weKv‡k f‚wgKv †i‡L‡Q|
cY¨ LvZwU‡Z gvÎ Qq eQ‡i ißvwb g~j¨ wZb¸Y n‡q‡Q; 2010 mv‡j hvi cwigvY wQj 25 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi, 2016 mv‡j
G‡m Zv †e‡o ùvwo‡q‡Q 90 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î wewagvjvi K‡Vvi cÖ‡qvMmn A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡Yv`bv AvKv‡i bxwZ
mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb|
9
†UªWg¨v‡c D‡jøwLZ DcvË Abyhvqx|

e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR myweav I ïé †diZ cÖwµqv DbœZ Kiv
evsjv‡`‡ki e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR KvVv‡gvi Aax‡b jvB‡mÝavix cY¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv ißvwbgyLx Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq Drcv`b DcKiY webv ï‡é Avg`vwb Ki‡Z cv‡i| wek¦e¨vsK cwiPvwjZ GK AbymÜv‡b e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR
eë¯’vcbvi Rb¨ GKwU ¯^qswµq c×wZ ˆZwii gva¨‡g e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR KvVv‡gv DbœZ Ki‡Z K‡qKwU c`‡¶c Zz‡j aiv
n‡qwQj| G‡ÿ‡Î †jb‡`bwfwËK wbqš¿Y c×wZi cwie‡Z© SzuwKwbf©i wbqš¿Y c×wZ MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Pvgov
ißvwbKviK‡ì Rb¨ Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`bv wn‡m‡e e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvD‡Ri Kvh©KvwiZv e„w×i Rb¨ Gme ms¯‹vig~jK c`‡¶c MÖnY
Ki‡Z GB ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq mycvwik Kiv n‡”Q|
†`wk I we‡`wk wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y
evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq †_‡K GKRb †R¨ô Kg©KZ©v, evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶ (weWv) †_‡K GKRb †R¨ô cÖwZwbwa Ges
`yB ev wZbRb †bZ…¯’vbxq wkícÖwZwbwa wb‡q Ges wb‡gœv³ `vwqZ¡ w`‡q GKwU D”P ch©v‡qi KwgwU MVb Kivi mycvwik Kiv
n‡jv:
 wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶Î wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k‡K †e‡Q wb‡Z we`¨gvb cÖZ¨ÿ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM ev hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡Mi †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jvi
mv‡_ mv¶vr Kiæb|
 GdwWAvB AvKl©Y Ki‡Z wewb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K Ggb †`k¸‡jv‡Z (Pxb, wf‡qZbvg, BZ¨vw`) mdi Kiæb|
 Pvgov Lv‡Zi eûgyLxKiY‡K DrmvwnZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ m¤¢ve¨ ¯’vbxq wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡Z wewb‡qvM msµvšÍ
mfv-†mwgbvi I cÖ`k©bx Av‡qvRb Kiæb|
GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h we‡`wk †ek K‡qKwU eo Pvgov eëmvqx evsjv‡`‡k Zv‡ì KviLvbv ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z AvMÖnx, hviv †Kv‡bv
wkíbM‡i wb‡R‡ì KviLvbv wbg©vY bv K‡i KviLvbv wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ RvqMv PvB‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii
bxwZgvjv mnR I Drmvne¨ÄK n‡Z n‡e|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Zi Dci we‡kl bRi †Ìqv
Kvw•ÿZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY LvZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡e| Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY LvZ‡K AvaywbKvqb
Ki‡Z Ges D”PZi KvwiMwi `¶Zv Aej¤^‡bi gva¨‡g LvZwUi m¶gZv kw³kvjx Ki‡Z e¨vcK c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
kÖgkw³i cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZvI D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| mycvwikK…Z mKj †¶‡Î hw` Avï
c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv nq Zvn‡j Avkv Kiv hvq †h Avmbœ P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv mdjfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z wM‡q Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY
LvZ h‡_ó `„p I m¤cÖmvwiZ n‡e|
evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i f‚wgKv kw³kvjx Kiv
m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvix, we‡kl K‡i GdwWAvB ev †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM‡K miKvwi wewfbœ ms¯’vi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kivi cwie‡Z©
†h‡Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvR‡b ïaygvÎ GKwU ms¯’vi Ñ evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i Ñ mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡jB Pj‡e Ggb
eë¯’v hw` M‡o †Zvjv hvq, Z‡e Zv n‡e G ai‡bi wewb‡qvM AvKl©‡Yi †¶‡Î wekvj GK c`‡¶c|

bxwZgvjv I AeKvVv‡gv welqK Z_¨vw` wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Rb¨ mnRjf¨ Kiv
m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvixiv hv‡Z Zv‡ì cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Kivi c~‡e© mwVK wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ †`‡k
eënvi‡hvM¨ Rwgi wewfbœ Z_¨ cÖPvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖPv‡i Rwgi Ae¯’vb, eënvi‡hvM¨ Rwgi cwigvY, `vwqZ¡cÖvß
ms¯’v, G ai‡bi Rwgi cÖavb êwkó¨ I g~j¨ BZ¨vw` Z_¨ _vK‡Z n‡e|
Ki I bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ AwbðqZv
Ki, ïé I g~mK Av‡ivc, eëmv msµvšÍ AvBb I wewagvjv ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi †¶‡Î bxwZgvjvq bvbv ai‡bi AwbðqZv
i‡q‡Q| †`‡k D™¢veb I wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î GB AwbðqZv GKwU eo evav wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| we‡klfv‡e PvgovRvZ cY¨
I cv`yKv DcLv‡Z GB evav cÖKU| GKwU w¯’wZkxj eëmvwqK cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z bxwZgvjv, AvBb I wewaweavbmg~n Pvi
wKsev cuvP eQ‡ii Rb¨ wba©viY Kiv DwPZ| Drcv`b †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cY¨ †µZvi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi cÖwµqv `ªæZ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
Ges ißvwb Kvh©µg mnRZi Ki‡Z Pvgov I cv`yKv wk‡íi Rb¨ GKwU c„_K ïé †K›`ª ¯’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
ißvwb bxwZi mylg ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv
2015-18 mv‡ji me©‡kl ißvwb bxwZ‡Z evsjv‡`k n‡Z mvgwMÖK ißvwb e„w× Kivi j¶¨ MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB miKvwi
bxwZ‡Z cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ cY¨‡K †`‡ki Ab¨Zg m‡e©v”P AMÖvwaKvig~jK LvZ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| LvZwUi
Rb¨ bxwZ mnvqZvi wKQz D‡jøL‡hvM¨ w`K n‡”Q:
 ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKvi (Bwc‡RW) evB‡i Aew¯’Z ißvwbgyLx KviLvbv¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY evRv‡i m‡e©v”P 20 kZvsk
cY¨ wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, A_©vr †h mKj Pvgov KviLvbv Zv‡ì cÖ¯‘ZK…Z c‡Yï Kgc‡¶ 80 kZvsk ißvwb K‡i,
cÖ‡Yv`bv cvIqvi †¶‡Î †mme KviLvbvI kZfvM ißvwbgyLx KviLvbv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
 wbw`©ó K‡qKwU c‡Yï Rb¨ ißvwb fZ©zwK cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| fZ©zwKi cwigvY n‡e 5 †_‡K 15 kZvsk|
 PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwb‡Z bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv 12.50 kZvsk †_‡K e„w× K‡i 15 kZvsk Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv
2016 A_©eQi n‡Z Kvh©Ki i‡q‡Q|
 mvfv‡i ¯’vbvšÍwiZ KviLvbv¸‡jv †_‡K µv÷ Pvgov ißvwb‡Z 5 kZvsk bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|
 ißvwbgyLx wk‡íi Rb¨ mKj ai‡bi KuvPvgvj I hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z ïégy³ myweav|
 Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ wbw`©ó hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z mnR k‡Z© ïé myweav|
 Ab¨vb¨ bxwZ mnvqZvi cvkvcvwk Ki AeKvk, ißvwbgyLx Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ KuvPvgvj I hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z ïégy³
myweav, e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvD‡Ri gva¨‡g mnvqZv|
 ißvwb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ FYcÎ (†jUvi Ae †µwWU) I Znwe‡ji wecix‡Z 90 kZvsk FY mnvqZv|
 ißvwb FY wbðqZv (G·‡cvU© †µwWU M¨vivw›U) cÖKí|
bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv I Ab¨vb¨ bxwZgvjv msw¶ß mgqKv‡ji Rb¨ nIqvq wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì c‡¶ wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ MÖnY
Kiv gykwKj n‡q c‡o| m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvixiv hv‡Z †R‡b-ey‡S wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, †mRb¨ bM` A_©
cÖ‡Yv`bv I evwYR¨ bxwZi g‡Zv bxwZgvjv eë¯’v `xN©‡gqv‡` bv n‡jI, AšÍZ cuvP eQ‡ii Rb¨ Kvh©Ki ivL‡Z n‡e|

cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM10 (GdwWAvB) AvKl©Y
†h‡nZz wewb‡qvMKvixiv êwk¦K evRvi, eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e m¤úwK©Z, ZvB ißvwb cÖe„w×i g~j PvweKvwV
GdwWAvB| mvaviYZ wewb‡qvMKvixiv Ggb ¯’v‡bB wewb‡qvM K‡I, hvi B‡Zvg‡a¨ êwk¦K evRv‡ii mv‡_ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki †¶‡Î ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Rb¨ GKwU AwZwi³ my‡hvM| evsjv‡`k GLbI Qq eQi
ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
evsjv‡`‡k cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q| BDbvB‡UW b¨vkbm Kbdv‡iÝ Ab †UªW A¨vÛ †W‡fjc‡g‡›Ui
(BDGbwmwUGwW) Ôwek¦ wewb‡qvM cÖwZ‡e`b 2019Õ Abyhvqx, 2018 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k cÖZ¨ÿ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qv‡Mi cwigvY
2017 mv‡ji 215 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi †_‡K 67.94% e„w× †c‡q 361 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡i ùvwo‡q‡Q11| mßg cÂevwl©K
cwiKíbv Abymv‡i evsjv‡`‡k GdwWAvB e„w× †c‡q 2020 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 960 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q12|
GdwWAvB cÖevn wbwðZ Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶‡K †Rviv‡jv I mwµq f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|
2015-16 A_©eQ‡ii 200 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi (†bU) GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni 163.5 jvL gvwK©b Wjvi (†bU) GdwWAvB Pvgov
I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Z G‡mwQj, hv †gvU GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni 1 kZvs‡kiI Kg13| Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Z
GdwWAvB cÖevn mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ e„w× cvw”Qj| 2013-14 A_©eQ‡i GB Lv‡Z GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni cwigvY wQj m‡e©v”P|
Z‡e Gici †_‡K GB Lv‡Z GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni nvi Kg‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
mg‡qi cwiµgvq GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni we‡kølY †_‡K †`Lv hvq, evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Z †h cwigvY
cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM Av‡m Zvi 75 kZvs‡ki †ewk Av‡m †b`vij¨vÛ, Pxb I nsKs †_‡K| evsjv‡`‡k kxl© Qq we‡`wk
wewb‡qvMKvix †`k n‡”Q gvwK©b hy³ivóª, hy³ivR¨, `w¶Y †Kvwiqv, wm½vcyi, gvj‡qwkqv, nsKs I biI‡q| kxl© GB Qq
†`‡ki g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, †Kej nsKs ev‡` †Kv‡bv †`kB evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Zi eo
wewb‡qvMKvix †`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †bB|
eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvg~jK m¤úK©
êwk¦K ißvwb evRv‡i †h‡Kv‡bv †`‡ki Rb¨ ißvwb cÖe„w× m¤cÖmvi‡Y eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZviv PvwjKvkw³ wn‡m‡e f‚wgKv
cvjb K‡i| eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖe„w× AR©b
K‡i‡Q| Pvgov Lv‡ZI Abyiƒc c`‡¶c I eëmvqx D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| miKv‡ii bxwZ mnvqZv wb‡q †emiKvwi
cÖ¯‘ZKviK I ißvwbKviKiv cY¨ µ‡q eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cv‡i|
10
evsjv‡`k e¨vsK Pvgov Lv‡Zi GdwWAvB mswkøó Z_¨ I DcvË cy‡iv Lv‡Zi †hvMdj AvKv‡i cÖ`vb K‡iwQj, hv PvgovRvZ cY¨
I cv`yKv Aa¨v‡q GdwWAvB wb‡q Av‡jvPbvq D‡jøwLZ n‡q‡Q| G Kvi‡Y, Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY, PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi
Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e cÖK…Z cwigvY Rvbv hvqwb|
11
Source: https://www.dhakatribune.com/business/economy/2019/06/24/report-bangladesh-tops-fdi-list-in-
south-asia-in-2018.
12 mßg cÂevwl©K cwiKíbv (2016 - 2020 A_©eQi)| A_©‰bwZK m¤úK© wefvM (BAviwW), cwiKíbv Kwgkb, MYcÖRvZš¿x
evsjv‡`k miKvi|
13
Drm: Bangladesh Bank. (2016). FDI in Bangladesh, Survey Report. [AbjvBb] msMÖn¯’j:
https://www.bb.org.bd/pub/halfyearly/fdisurvey/fdisurveyjanjun2016.pdf |

¯^”QZv wbwðZKi‡Y mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s
AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi gvivZ¥K fveg~wZ© msKU i‡q‡Q| LvZwUi eª¨vwÛs‡qi Rb¨ Ab¨Zg †KŠkjMZ
DcKiY n‡Z cv‡i Ômvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©sÕ, hv ißvwb evRv‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZv mÿgZv Ges fwel¨r cÖe„w× evov‡Z mvnvh¨
Ki‡e|
ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv¸‡jv‡Z (Bwc‡RW) GdwWAvB cÖevn
†`‡k GdwWAvB cÖevn e„w× Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k miKvi evsjv‡`k ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv KZ©…c¶ (†ecRv)14 cÖwZôv
K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶ (†eRv) cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g wkí cÖe„w× m¤cÖmviY cwiKíbvi GKwU bZzb w`MšÍ
D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q| Gme A_©‰bwZK AÂ‡j wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Z †ekwKQz myweavi cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡q‡Q| Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨
`yBwU wbw`©ó AÂj eivÏ †Ìqvi Rb¨ miKvi B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖwZkÖæwZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q|
mswkøó ms¯’v I wefvM¸‡jv‡K ¯^qswµq I mwµq K‡i †Zvjv Ges Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m cÖwZôv
weWv, †eRv, GbweAvi, Avi‡RGmwm, Bwcwe Ges wmwmAvBBi g‡Zv ms¯’v I wefvM¸‡jv‡Z Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m cÖ`v‡bi
eë¯’v _vKv DwPZ Ges †mev cÖ`vb m¤ú~Y©fv‡e ¯^qswµq c×wZ‡Z I wbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi wbw`©ó P¨v‡jÄmg~n

mvfv‡ii Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv eë¯’vcbvi cvkvcvwk, Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Z we`¨gvb Ab¨vb¨ P¨v‡j‡Äi
Dci evsjv‡`‡ki bRi †Ìqv ìKvi| Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv †hme P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q †m¸‡jvi
g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
Kgcøv‡qÝ
Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ mvaviY welq¸‡jvi evB‡iI Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Z wKQz AwZwi³ welq i‡q‡Q| Gi KviY
n‡”Q †ewki fvM KviLvbvB cwi‡ekMZ wewagvjv Ges †ckvMZ wbivcËv I ¯^v¯’¨ mswkøó gvb`Ð¸‡jv †g‡b P‡j bv| Gi
d‡j AvšÍRv© wZK evRv‡i Pvgov I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm cv‡”Q|
AwaKš‘, †`‡k Drcvw`Z Pvgovi †Uª‡mwewjwU ev mbv³KiY m¶gZv wbgœgv‡bi| XvKv Pvgovwkí bMixi Am¤ú~Y© Avbylw½K
AeKvVv‡gv G‡K AviI `ye©j Kivi †cQ‡b f‚wgKv ivL‡Q| Gme Kvi‡Y, †`‡ki fveg~wZ© ¶zYœ n‡”Q Ges evsjv‡`k †_‡K
†`kxq Pvgov Øviv Drcvw`Z PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm cv‡”Q| GQvov, Awf‡hvM i‡q‡Q †h KviLvbv¸‡jv
cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq AwZwi³ nv‡i ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ eënvi K‡i| KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z eëüZ ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï cwigvY
AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`‡Ði †P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i †ewk| wdwbkW Pvgovq ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï Dcw¯’wZi cwimxgv BD‡ivcxq
14
EPZs in Bangladesh: An attractive investment destination. [n.d.]. BEPZA. [AbjvBb] msMÖn¯’j:
https://www.bdembassyuae.org/pdf/EPZ%20in%20Bangladesh%20-
%20An%20Attractive%20Investment%20Destination.pdf|

BDwbq‡bi wiP gvb`Ð A_©vr ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vwì wbeÜb, g~j¨vqb, Aby‡gv`b I wewawb‡la msµvšÍ gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ m½wZc~Y©
bq|
KuvPv Pvgov µq KivI GKwU P¨v‡jÄ, we‡kl K‡i C‡ì mg‡q| GB mg‡q kni I MÖvg †_‡K 40-50 kZvsk KuvPv Pvgov
I Qvj msMÖn Kiv n‡q _v‡K| MÖvgvÂ‡j KuvPv Pvgov i¶Yv‡e¶Y I msi¶Y Kiv KwVb| ga¨¯^Z¡‡fvMxiv †hŠw³K g~j¨
wba©vi‡Y e¨vNvZ NUv‡bvi d‡j cy‡iv mvcøvB †PB‡b wek„•Lj cwiw¯’wZi m„wó nq|
evwn¨K AeKvVv‡gv
 cï RevB‡qi `ye©j AeKvVv‡gv: cï RevB‡qi eZ©gvb AeKvVv‡gv bvRyKfv‡e i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv n‡q _v‡K, †hLv‡b
A¯^v¯’¨Ki I A‰eÁvwbK Dcv‡q Pvgov bvovPvov Kiv nq| d‡j Pvgovi g~j¨ n«vm cvq| C‡ì mg‡q †`ke¨vcx A`¶
I Avav`¶ KmvB‡ì nv‡Z eo msL¨K cï RevB n‡q _v‡K, hv KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji A‡bK ¶wZ K‡i|
 wmBwUwci Ach©vß m¶gZv: mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMvi (wmBwUwc) ˆ`wbK 25,000
NbdzU Zij eR©¨ cwi‡kvab Ki‡Z cv‡i| myZivs †mLv‡b Pvgov Drcv`‡bi cwigvY GB mxgvi g‡a¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
kxNªB Pvgovi Pvwn`v mieiv‡ni cwigvY‡K Qvwo‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZLb mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi g‡Zv Av‡iKwU
Pvgovwkí bMix ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i A_ev eo eo †hme KviLvbvi GKK m¶gZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b
¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †m‡¶‡Î cwi‡ek Awa`ß‡ii cwi‡ekMZ eë¯’vcbvi gvb`Ð wbwðZ
Ki‡Z n‡e| GQvov eZ©gvb wmBwUwc‡Z Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ mKj gvcKvwV c~iY Kiv n‡”Q bv, hv fwel¨‡Z RwUjZv
m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 cvwbi A`ÿ eënvi: eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z cvwbi g~j¨ wba©vwiZ bv nIqvq KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³ cvwb
eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Gi d‡j Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡i wecyj cwigv‡Y Zij eR©¨ Rgv nq| †kvabvMv‡ii GB
AwZwi³ Zij eR©¨ cwi‡kvab Kivi m¶gZv †bB|
 †Kvì †PBb msi¶Y: KuvPv Pvgov msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb †Kvì †PBb eë¯’v †bB| Acwi‡kvwaZ KuvPv Pvgovq cPb aivi
Kvi‡Y KviLvbv¸‡jv fv‡jv gv‡bi KuvPvgvj cvq bv|
 eR©¨ wbM©gb I cybe©ënvi: eR©¨ wbM©gb I cybe©ënvi ev wimvBwK¬s eë¯’vi Afv‡e D”P gvÎvi `~lY m„wó Ges KuvPvgv‡ji
AcPq nq, hv jvfRbK cY¨ ˆZwi‡Z eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
A_©vqb
 Ach©vß A_©vqb: †ekwKQz KviLvbv mvfv‡i GLbI Rwg eivÏ cvqwb| G Kvi‡Y Gme KviLvbv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ A‡_©i
Av‡e`bI Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| nvRvixevM †_‡K mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv GKwU
e¨qeûj Kg©hÁ| mKj KviLvbvi Rb¨ GB Lv‡Z †gvU LiP wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q 86.2 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi (evsjv‡`wk
gy`vª q AvbygvwbK 7,000 †KvwU UvKv)|
cÖhyw³
 D”Pg~‡jï Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ I cÖhyw³i Afve: ¶z`ª I gvSvwi ai‡bi KviLvbv¸‡jv D”P
g~‡jï Pvgov Drcv`‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq AvaywbK miÄvg I hš¿cvwZi e¨q enb Ki‡Z m¶g bq|

2021 mv‡ji wÎevwl©K g~j¨vqb mfvq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki (GjwWwm) ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki ZvwjKvq
DËi‡Yi Rb¨ mycvwik Kivi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| GB g~j¨vq‡bi avivevwnKZvq 2024 mv‡j evsjv‡`k GjwWwm †`‡ki ZvwjKv
†_‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †ei n‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i| DËi‡Yi c‡i we`¨gvb evRv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav Avi
_vK‡e bv| 2024 mv‡ji c‡i Pvgov LvZ Kx Kx P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb n‡e Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ AbymÜvb Kvh©µg
AwZ `ªæZ ïiæ Kiv ìKvi| Awej‡¤^ †R‡bfvq Aew¯’Z wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’vi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© AwfÁ we‡klÁ wb‡qvM w`‡q
ms¯’vwU‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwbwaZ¡ `„p Kiv DwPZ|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c

 Awej‡¤^ nvRvixevM †_‡K KviLvbv¸‡jv ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Ki AeKvkmn b¨vh¨ I †hŠw³K A_©vqb myweav wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡ii mKj Dcv`vb I cÖ‡qvRbxq myweavmn AvšÍR©vwZK kZ©vw` Abyhvqx Gi eë¯’vcbv Ki‡Z
n‡e|
 AvšÍR©vwZK cwi‡ek gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L nvRvixevM AÂj‡K ÔmeyR Pvgov KviLvbv AÂjÕ wn‡m‡e eënvi
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 C`yj Avhnvi mg‡q h_vh_ c×wZ Aej¤^b K‡i KuvPv Pvgov I Qvj µq Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKvix‡ì mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q Pvgov µ‡qi cwiKwíZ eë¯’v M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|
 †j`vi IqvwK©s MÖæ‡ci (GjWweøDwR) mb`cÎ AR©‡b Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKvix‡ì Aek¨B mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 GjWweøDwR QvocÎ †c‡Z KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K KvwiMwi mnvqZv w`‡Z n‡e|
 wmBwUwci Kvh©Ki cwiPvjbvi c‡_ cÖhyw³MZ, cwiPvjbv welqK I AeKvVv‡gvMZ cÖwZeÜKZvmg~n wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ cwigvcK gvb`‡Ði Av‡jv‡K cwi‡kvab cø¨v›U¸‡jvmn wmBwUwci GKwU ¯^vaxb KvwiMwi g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi wmBwUwci †UKmB cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y wbwðZ Ki‡Z GKwU †emiKvwi ms¯’v‡K wbhy³
Ki‡Z n‡e|
 KviLvbv¸‡jv n‡Z eR©¨ wbM©g‡bi cwigvY wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
 eivÏcÖvß‡ì cÖ¯ÍvweZ Drcv`b m¶gZv g~j¨vqb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi Drcv`‡bi cwigvY mxwgZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wmBwUwc m¤ú‡K© KviLvbv¸‡jvi aviYv e„w× Ki‡Z mnvqZv Kiv|
 wmBwUwci wba©vwiZ gvb`Ð †g‡b Pj‡Z KviLvbv¸‡jvi Drcv`b cwiPvjbvq wbqš¿Y Av‡ivc Kiv|
 KviLvbv¸‡jvi KwVb eR©¨ †_‡K jvfRbK DcRvZ cY¨ Drcv`b Kiv|
 cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Kiv Ges Zv m¤¢ve¨ †emiKvwi D‡`¨v³v‡ì wbKU Dc¯’vcb Kiv|
 mvfvi I Ab¨vb¨ m¤¢ve¨ AÂj, †hgb evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶ KZ©…K AwaM„nYK…Z I cÖwZwôZ Rwg I
AÂ‡j mKj ai‡bi myweav wbwðZ Kiv|
 mvfv‡i eivÏcÖvß‡ì Kv‡Q Rwgi `Lj n¯ÍvšÍi `ªæZ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z myweav‡fvMx‡ì civgk©µ‡g gš¿Yvjqmg~‡ni g‡a¨
Av‡jvPbv I gZwewbgq mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv|
 LvZwUi Rb¨ GKwU wbqgvbyM ch©‡e¶Y I g~j¨vqb eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kiv|
 ¯^”QZvi cwigvcK wn‡m‡e cÖ_‡g mwgwZ ch©v‡q Ges c‡i cÖwZôvb ch©v‡q mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvU© cÖKvk ïiæ Kiv|

PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ DcLvZmg~‡ni we‡kl P¨v‡jÄ
Pvgov I Pvgov e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ (APvgov) DcLv‡Z bvbvwea P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q, hv †gvKv‡ejvq AwZwi³ n¯Í‡¶c cÖ‡qvRb|
Gme DcLv‡Z Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I wbivcËv msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi AvšÍR©vwZK
gvb`Ðmg~‡ni NvUwZi Kvi‡Y A‡bK AvšÍR©vwZK evwqs nvDR evsjv‡`k n‡Z cY¨ µq Kiv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| G‡¶‡Î
hvPvB I gvb wbqš¿Y AZ¨vek¨K| hvPvBKiY, cÖZ¨qb I gvb wbqš¿‡Yi †¶‡Î Ach©vß PP©v Ges AvšÍR©vwZK hvPvBKiY I
cÖZ¨qb eë¯’vi NvUwZ evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ cÖavb cÖwZeÜKZv, hvi d‡j e„w× cv‡”Q wjW UvBg I cY¨ evwZ‡ji SzuwK|
DcLvZmg~‡n cÖhyw³ Dbœqb I KviLvbv m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ A‡_©i mxgve×ZvI i‡q‡Q, hv ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Rb¨ ¸iæZi
cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó Ki‡Q| †h‡nZz `¶ I Avav`¶ kÖgkw³i Afv‡e DcLvZmg~‡n Drcv`bkxjZv n«vm cvIqvi SzuwK i‡q‡Q,
ZvB Kvh©Ki gvbem¤ú` GLv‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cY¨ bKkv Kivi Kv‡R `¶ †jv‡Ki NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| †`‡k Kg©iZ †ewki fvM
bKkvKvi we‡`wk| Gi d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i g~j¨ ms‡hvRb K‡g hvq| †`‡k eë¯’vcbvMZ `¶Zv I m¶gZvI
mxwgZ| djZ, Gme Kv‡Ri Rb¨ we‡`wk‡ì Dci A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| cÖwZwôZ cY¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviK KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z
Kg©iZ kÖwgK‡ì g‡a¨ bvix‡ì AskMÖnY †ewk| KviY, bvixiv †QvU KviLvbvi †P‡q eo KviLvbvq wb‡R‡ì †ewk wbivc`
g‡b K‡i| Pvgov I Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY mswkøó DcLvZ¸‡jvi kÖgkw³‡Z bvix‡ì AskMÖnY Kg| †h‡nZz ¯’vbxq †Kv‡bv
cÖwZôvb bZzb cY¨ Drcv`b K‡i bv, ZvB c‡Yï bKkvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖhyw³ I mdUIq¨vi mnRjf¨ bq| GQvov,
Drcv`b cÖwµqvi mKj ¯Í‡i Z_¨cÖhyw³i eënvi me©wbgœ ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j g¨vbyqvj c×wZ‡Z Drcv`b cÖwµqv m¤úbœ
Ki‡Z nq Ges `xN©m~wÎZv m„wó nq| †gvì ev QuvP, Avbylw½K wRwbkcÎ I DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv Avg`vwbi Dci
wbf©i K‡i weavq wjW UvBg e„w× cvq|
APvgovRvZ cv`yKv DcLv‡Z we‡kl `„wó cÖ`vb
mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z APvgovRvZ c‡Yï gvb I D”P cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK g~‡jï Kvi‡Y Gi Pvwn`v Pvgov LvZ‡K Qvwo‡q
hv‡”Q| wek¦Ry‡oB cwieZ©‡bi GB cÖeYZv †`Lv hv‡”Q| KviLvbv¸‡jvi Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`b m¶gZvi eZ©gvb
AeKvVv‡gvi we‡ePbvq, evsjv‡`k mvgvb¨ wKQz hš¿cvwZ I eënvwiK Ávb ms‡hvRb K‡i mn‡RB cwieZ©‡bi GB my‡hvMwU
wb‡Z cv‡i| wek¦e¨vcx Pvwn`vi bZzb bZzb cÖeYZvi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡Z APvgovRvZ cv`yKv LvZ‡K evowZ g‡bv‡hvM I
bxwZ mnvqZv †Ìqv cÖ‡qvRb| fwel¨r cwiKíbvq PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi mv‡_ APvgovRvZ c`yKv‡KI mshy³ Kiv ìKvi|
PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv cÖZ¯‘ZKviKiv †h mKj cÖwZeÜKZv †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q, †m¸‡jvi K‡qKwU wb‡P
msw¶ß AvKv‡i Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
Kgcøv‡qÝ
KviLvbv I Drcv`b¯’‡j cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I wbivcËvRwbZ Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`‡Ði NvUwZi Kvi‡Y
A‡bK AvšÍRv© wZK evwqs nvDR evsjv‡`k n‡Z cY¨ µq Kiv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K|
cY¨ hvPvB I gvb wbqš¿Y
evsjv‡`‡k cY¨ hvPvB, mb`cÎ cÖ`vb I gvb wbqš¿Y PP©vi Afve i‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk, AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi hvPvB I mb`cÎ
cÖ`v‡bi †Kv‡bv Kg©m~wPI GLv‡b †bB| Gi Kvi‡Y wjW UvBg e„w× cvq|

A_©vqb
¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi †¶‡Î cÖhyw³MZ Dbœqb I KviLvbv m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ A_©vqb myweav AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ|
gvbem¤ú`
wb‡Pi †¶Î¸‡jv‡Z `¶ I Avav`¶ kÖgkw³i Afve i‡q‡Q:
 cY¨ bKkv: cY¨ bKkvi †¶‡Î `¶ Rbe‡ji Afve i‡q‡Q| †`‡k eZ©gv‡b Kg©iZ †ewki fvM bKkvKviB we‡`wk|
Gi d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i g~j¨ ms‡hvRb Kg nq|
 eë¯’vcbvMZ `¶Zv: †`‡k eë¯’vcbvMZ `¶Zv I m¶gZvI mxwgZ| d‡j Gme Kv‡Ri Rb¨ we‡`wk‡ì Dci
A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i Ki‡Z nq|
 kÖgkw³‡Z bvixi AskMÖn‡Yi nvi Kg: cÖwZwôZ cÖ¯‘ZKviK KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z Kg©iZ kÖwgK‡ì g‡a¨ bvix‡ì AskMÖnY
†ewk| KviY bvixiv †QvU KviLvbvi †P‡q eo KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z wb‡R‡ì †ewk wbivc` g‡b K‡i| Kg©‡¶‡Î hvZvqv‡Zi
Rb¨ cwienb eë¯’v, wkï cwiPh©v †K›`ªmn wewfbœ Avbylw½K cwiKvVv‡gvi NvUwZi Kvi‡Y bvixiv Kg©gyLx nb bv|
cÖhyw³
†h‡nZz ¯’vbxq †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb c‡Yï bZzb bKkv ˆZwi K‡i bv, ZvB c‡Yï bKkvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖhyw³ I mdUIq¨vi
mnRjf¨ bq| GQvov, Drcv`b cÖwµqvi mKj ¯Í‡i Z_¨cÖhyw³i eënvi me©wbgœ ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j g¨vbyqvj c×wZ‡Z
Drcv`b cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z nq Ges `xN©m~wÎZv m„wó nq|
Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY
†gvì ev QuvP, Avbylw½K wRwbkcÎ I DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv Avg`vwbi Dci wbf©i K‡i| Gi d‡j wjW UvBg e„w×
cvq|
PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c

 PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv Lv‡Zi eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ I fwel¨r m¤¢vebv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ
AbymÜvb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
 PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì †gŠwjK Kgcøv‡qÝ DbœZ Kiæb|
 AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n †g‡b Pjvq KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jvi cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZv
e„w× Kiæb|
 Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi myweav Ges Kgcøv‡qÝ bv _vKvi SzuwK I ¶wZ m¤ú‡K© KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z RvZxq ch©v‡q
m‡PZbZv e„w× Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Kiæb|
 cÖwZwU Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi mv‡_ RwoZ cÖ‡Yv`bv I Gi wecix‡Z ÿwZi SzuwK D‡jøL K‡i GKwU Kgcøv‡qÝ ev¯Íevqb
mviwY ˆZwi Kiæb|
 mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, wbivcËvRwbZ, †ckvMZ Ges ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi GKwU RvZxq
wb‡`©wkKv I mb` cÖ`vb Kg©m~wP ˆZwi Kiæb|

 LvZwU †hb †UKmB nq Zv wbwðZ Kiæb|
 Kvh©Ki eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv I R¡vjvwb `¶Zv cÖhyw³i †¶‡Î cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì mnvqZv Kiæb|
 PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv Lv‡Zi `¶Zv, cÖhyw³ I Drcv`bkxjZv DbœZ Ki‡Z GKwU KvwiMwi †K›`ª
cÖwZôv Kiæb hv wb‡gœv³ Kvh©vewj m¤úv`b Ki‡e:
 †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z c‡Yï ¸YMZ gvb I ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb
cix¶v Kivi we‡kl eë¯’v ˆZwi Kiæb|
 L¨vZbvgv AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôv‡bi mnvqZvq cÖwk¶‡Yi gva¨‡g LvZwUi Rb¨ GK`j cÖwk¶K ˆZwi Kiæb|
 Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’v‡K cÖvwZôvwbK iƒc w`‡Z †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’v cÖwZôv
Kiæb|
 †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi mnvqZvq kÖgkw³i Rb¨ GKwU cix¶vwfwËK mb` cÖ`vb Kg©m~wP MÖnY
Kiæb|
 KviLvbv ch©v‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z Drcv`b cÖwµqvq Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Kiæb|
 APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Drcv`b Kvh©µ‡g wWw¯‹wj‡Oi Dc‡hvMx (A_©vr, Drcv`b cÖwµqvq ¯^qswµq eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv
ev `¶Zvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Kwg‡q Avbvi) †¶Î Lyu‡R †ei Kiæb|
 d¨vkb I bKkv ˆZwii m¶gZv e„w× Kiæb Ges †`‡ki cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi cÖe„w×‡Z mnvqZv Kiæb|
 cv`yKv bKkv, Dbœqb I d¨vkb †K›`ª cÖwZôv Kiæb|
 AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwk¶Y I wewbgq Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g bKkv †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ gvbem¤ú` ˆZwi Kiæb|
 †`kxq bKkvKvi‡ì mv‡_ KvR Kivi Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK cwigÐ‡j cÖwZwôZ bKkvKvi‡ì evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avmyb|
†gŠmyg wfwË‡Z Zuv‡ì Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 evRvi M‡elYvi Rb¨ GKwU †idv‡iÝ jvB‡eªwi cÖwZôv Kiæb|
 LvZwUi m¤¢vebv Zz‡j ai‡Z Ges LvZwU‡Z m„wókxj †jvK‡ì AvKl©Y Ki‡Z †gjv, cÖ`k©bx I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi
Av‡qvRb Kiæb|
 KuvPvgvj I DcKi‡Yi Avg`vwb e¨q n«vm Kiæb|
 ißvwbKviK‡ì †Ìqv BDwUjvB‡Rkb wWKjv‡ikb ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jv‡K Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb
Kiæb|
 DcKiY cÖ¯‘ZKvix wk‡í wewb‡qvM DrmvwnZ Kiæb, hv‡Z GB wkí evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z
cv‡i Ges †`‡ki evB‡iI ißvwb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 A_©vqb myweav e„w× Kiæb|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ †g‡b Pj‡Q ev †g‡b Pj‡Z D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i‡Q Ggb KviLvbvi Rb¨ ivR¯^ I Ki cÖ‡Yv`bvi eë¯’v
Kiæb|
 mvgvwRK, wbivcËvRwbZ Ges cwi‡ekMZ Kgcøv‡qÝ DbœZ Kiæb|
 AwMœwbivcËv I Ab¨vb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ Ki‡Z ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi b¨vq Avg`vwb ïé wba©viY Kiæb|
 evwYR¨ I wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ bxwZgvjv KvVv‡gv DbœZ Kiæb|
 cwiKíbv SzuwK n«vm Kiæb Ges AwbðqZv `~i Kiæb|
 wbe©vwPZ we‡`wk evRv‡i wkí I †`‡ki fveg~wZ© e„w× Kiæb|
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Kg©cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡bi mgqmxgv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| AvMvgx cuvP eQ‡i GB Lv‡Z †hme Kg©cwiKíbv, bxwZgvjv, wewb‡qvM
BZ¨vw` ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e †mm‡ei Rb¨ iƒc‡iLvwU GKwU wb‡`©wkKv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| iƒc‡iLvwUi j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi
mgqmxgv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q 2025 mvj| 2025 mv‡jB evsjv‡`k Dbœqbkxj †`k wn‡m‡e hvÎv ïiæ Ki‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv
hvq| Gi d‡j, cÖavb ißvwb evRvi¸‡jv‡Z †`kwUi ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav evwZj n‡e Ges †`kwU A‡bK bZzb P¨v‡j‡Äi
m¤§yLxb n‡e|
mywbw`©ófv‡e, Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Z †h mKj wel‡q n¯Í‡¶c cÖ‡qvRb †m¸‡jv n‡”Q cï RevB, Pvgov I Qvj
msMÖn, msMÖn c×wZ msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ (knivÂ‡ji Rb¨ KmvBLvbv Ges MÖvgvÂ‡j †hme RvqMvq cï RevB Kiv nq †mme
RvqMvq m‡PZbZv e„w× Kiv), Kvh©Ki Dcv‡q msMÖn (msMÖn I msi¶‡Yi Dci cÖwk¶Y, KuvPvgv‡ji mieivn I cÖvc¨Zv,
†hgb Pvgov msMÖn I msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ m¯Ív `v‡g jeY mieivn), gaëZ©x msMÖn¯’j DbœZKiY (msi¶‡Yi m¶gZv I gvb,
eëmvqx‡ì cÖwk¶Y I m‡PZbZv, mxgvbv w`‡q A‰eafv‡e Pvgov cvPvi †iv‡a cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK I †hŠw³K g~j¨ wba©vi‡Y
Drmvn cÖ`vb), U¨vbvwi‡Z msMÖn †K›`ª DbœZ Kiv, U¨vbvwi‡Z Kgcøv‡q›U Dcv‡q msi¶Y, Kgcøv‡q›U cÖwµqvRvZKiY (Zij
eR©¨ †kvabvMvi, ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï †hŠw³K I cwi‡ekevÜe eënvi Ges KviLvbv I kÖwg‡Ki †ckvMZ I KvVv‡gvMZ
wbivcËv), Ges AvšÍRv© wZK gv‡bi mb`cÎ AR©b|
PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z †h mKj wel‡qi Dci †Rvi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv
n‡”Q gvbm¤úbœ Pvgov I Qvj msMÖn, Avg`vwbi gva¨‡g µq Kivi c×wZ mnR Kiv, e›ì myweav DbœZ Kiv, ïé eë¯’v
mij Kiv, cwienb myweav DbœZ Kiv Ges cybtißvwb myweav mnRZi Kiv| iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z AviI †h mKj wel‡qi Dci
¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡”Q Kgcøv‡q›U KviLvbvi (KvVv‡gvMZ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨ I †ckvMZ wbivcËv, kÖg gvb`Ð,
Drcv`bkxjZv) ¸iæZ¡, DbœZ d¨vkb I wWRvBb †m›Uvi (AvšÍRv© wZK Pvwn`vi mv‡_ gvbvbmB) Ges gvb hvPvBKiY
cix¶vMvi (gvbm¤úbœ, AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ I cÖZ¨vwqZ, Ges †h KqwU cix¶v Ki‡Z nq Zvi me¸‡jv Kivi eë¯’v
_vKv) cÖwZôv Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖwk¶Y I `¶ gvbem¤ú` ˆZwii gva¨‡g Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i Rb¨ c`‡¶c MÖnY,
†hŠw³K g~‡j¨ cwienb myweav wbwðZ Kiv, we`y¨r I cvwbi g‡Zv †mevi cÖvwß mnR I wbiew”Qbœ ivLv, m¤cÖmvwiZ e‡ÛW
Aq¨vinvDR myweav, Ki KvVv‡gvi wbf©ikxjZv, RwUj ïé I e¨vswKs c×wZ mnRZi Kiv, ißvwb cÖ‡Yv`bv e„w× Kiv, wjW
UvBg I eëmvi e¨q Kwg‡q Avbv|
GQvov iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z AviI †h mKj civgk© cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡”Q †`kxq gvwjKvbvaxb ißvwbgyLx KviLvbv¸‡jvi
cÖwZ evowZ hZœ I c„ô‡cvlKZvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv, we‡`‡k evsjv‡`wk `~Zvevm, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq I ciivóª
gš¿Yvj‡qi m¶gZv `„p I we¯Í…Z Kivi gva¨‡g cÖavb evRvi¸‡jvi mv‡_ ms‡hvM, cÖavb cÖavb LyPiv we‡µZv I eª¨v‡Ûi mv‡_
ms‡hvM I Zv‡ì mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvi †¶Î DbœZ Kiv, ißvwb c‡Yï mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i †`kxq D`xqgvb evRv‡ii
cÖeYZv I Gi g~j¨ KvVv‡gv hvPvB Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, e¨vswKs myweav mnRZi Kiv, ißvwb cÖ‡Yv`bv, eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jvi
¶gZvqb, mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cv‡U©i gva¨‡g ¯^”QZv‡K DrmvwnZKiY, e›ì I ïé cÖwµqv DbœZ Kiv, wjW UvBg Kgv‡bv,
ißvwbi cwigvY e„w× Ki‡Z †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM I we‡`wk gvwjKvbvaxb KviLvbv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi †KŠkj MÖnY Kiv, weWv‡Z
Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m wbwðZ Kiv, gybvdvi †iwgU¨vÝ mnR Kiv, Aeva eëmv cwi‡ek Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ Ki KvVv‡gv|
¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËiY NU‡j evsjv‡`k KwVb cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¤§yLxb n‡e| G‡Z GKw`‡K
evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖvwaKvig~jK myweav evwZj n‡e, Ab¨w`‡K evsjv‡`k‡K AviI wKQz Kgcøv‡qÝ †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| bZzb
eûgvwÎK P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z evowZ cÖ‡Póv I mwµq c`‡¶c ìKvi| DËi‡Yi d‡j Ab¨vb¨ AviI †h mKj
LvZ P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL n‡e †m LvZ¸‡jv I Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ U¨vwid Kwgk‡bi Aax‡b GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ AbymÜvb Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡klÁ I AwfÁ‡ì mnvqZvq wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’vq evsjv‡`‡ki Dcw¯’wZ `„p Ki‡Z n‡e| Avb‡›ì

msev` n‡”Q, wRGmwc myweav QvovB gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi evRv‡i evsjv‡`k mdjZv †c‡q‡Q| gvwK©b hy³iv‡óª ˆZwi †cvkv‡Ki
Ab¨Zg eo ißvwbKviK evsjv‡`k| Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Z mdjZv Avb‡ZI GB †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi mgqKvjxb ißvwb cÖv°jb

2015-16 A_©eQi‡K wfwË eQi a‡i Ges 2025 mvj ch©šÍ mg‡qi Rb¨ ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| 2025 mvj
ch©šÍ mgq‡K wfwË K‡i cÖv°jb Kivi KviY GB eQiwU‡Z ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËiY NwU‡q Dbœqbkxj †`k
wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`‡ki hvÎv ïiæ nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| 2025 mvj‡K Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb‡Z kxl© 10 †`‡ki
ZvwjKvq evsjv‡`k‡K wb‡q hvIqvi mgqmxgv wn‡m‡eI aiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© wek¦evRv‡i ïégy³ -†KvUvgy³ myweav
evwZj nIqvi Kvi‡Y †m eQiB evsjv‡`k evwY‡Rï †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g av°vwUi gy‡LvgywL n‡e| iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z cÖe„w×i `yBwU `„k¨Kí
we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 1g `„k¨K‡íi ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv ¯^vfvweK cÖe„w× Ges AZx‡Zi cÖeYZvi Dci wfwË K‡i ˆZwi|
Ab¨w`‡K 2q `„k¨K‡íi cÖv°jb †ei Kiv n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ißvwb j¶¨gvÎvi Dci wfwË K‡i| cÖv°jb `yBwU
wbgœiƒc:
mviwY 3: PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwbi cÖv°jb15

wfwË eQi `„k¨Kí 1 `„k¨Kí 2
c‡Yï aib
2015-16 2020-21 2024-25 2020-21 2024-25
Pvgov (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) * 28.8 46.8 110.5 100.0 348.0
PvgovRvZ cv`yKv Ñ †gvU †Rvov (†KvwU) 4.8 10.8 19.0 22.7 85.1
PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b
Wjvi) Ñ (K) 49.4 150.0 312.6 325.0 1,400.0
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ñ †gvU cY¨`ªe¨ (†KvwU) 4.4 9.0 23.4 20.0 36.3
PvgovRvZ c‡Yï g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b
Wjvi) Ñ (L) 34.5 84.0 240.0 175.0 340.0
†gvU ißvwb g~j¨ (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) Ñ
(K) + (L) 83.9 234.0 552.6 500.0 1,740.0
* evsjv‡`‡k g~j¨ ms‡hvwRZ PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`b e„w× †c‡j ißvwbKviK ms¯’v¸‡jv KZ©…K Pvgov µ‡qi nvi e„w× cvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| Avi
ZvB GLv‡b m¤¢ve¨ I cÖZ¨¶ Pvgov ißvwbi mgwš^Z g~j¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv|
ißvwbi cÖe„w× I cÖeYZv we‡ePbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 500 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡ii j¶¨gvÎv AR©b †_‡K
LvZwU GL‡bv A‡bK `~‡i i‡q‡Q| myZivs, 1g `„k¨K‡íi j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡jI Awej‡¤^ Avï c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi weKí
†bB|
Dfq `„k¨K‡í Drcv`‡bi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e Pvgov (†`kxq I Avg`vwbK…Z Dfq ai‡bi), wewb‡qvM, kÖgkw³, f‚wg Ges
we`y¨‡Zi Pvwn`v we‡kølYc~e©K wb‡P Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv| cÖ‡Z¨K `„k¨K‡í Drcv`‡bi cwigv‡Yi mgvbycvwZK nv‡i Dcv`vb
Pvwn`v wba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q|
15
Drm: †UªWg¨vc|

mviwY 4: `yBwU `„k¨K‡íi Rb¨ Dcv`vb Pvwn`v
`„k¨Kí 1 `„k¨Kí 2
Dcv`vb Pvwn`v
2021 2025 2021 2025
Pvgov (†KvwU eM©dzU) 72 160 157 370
AwZwi³ wewb‡qvM (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) 110 235 340 830
Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó (bZzb PvKwii msL¨v) 1,98,000 3,80,000 6,00,000 16,10,000
bvix‡ì Rb¨ bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb* 1,38,600 2,66,000 4,20,000 11,27,000
Rwg (GKi) 300 800 900 2,700
we`y¨r (†gMvIqvU) 40 75 130 350
* Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Z bvix kÖwg‡Ki msL¨v A‡cÿvK…Z Kg Ñ 60 kZvsk Ñ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e cv`yKv Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ DcLvZ¸‡jv‡Z
Zv 70 †_‡K 80 kZvs‡ki g‡a¨ _vKvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| bvix Kg©ms¯’vb M‡o †gvU Kg©ms¯’v‡bi 70 kZvsk a‡i GLv‡b bvix‡ì Kg©ms¯’v‡bi
cwigvY wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`„k¨Kí 1
LvZwUi ¯^vfvweK cÖe„w×i Dci wfwË K‡i 1g `„k¨Kí ùvo Kiv‡bv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î Pvgov Lv‡Zi wewfbœ ai‡bi c‡Yï
eZ©gvb ißvwb cwigvY Ges we`¨gvb I bZzb bZzb evRv‡i LvZwU n‡Z ißvwb e„w×i m¤¢vebv‡K we‡ePbvq ivLv n‡q‡Q Ges
a‡i †bIqv n‡q‡Q †h ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv n‡e| 2q `„k¨K‡í LvZwUi `ªæZ cÖe„w×‡K
we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi Rb¨ ch©vß bxwZ mnvqZv I cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| GKBmv‡_ †`kxq I ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM
AvKl©‡Yi Rb¨ e¨vcK D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK Ges ¸YMZ gvb`Ðmg~‡n DbœwZmvab Ki‡Z
n‡e|
`„k¨Kí 1 n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Zi GKwU ißvwb cÖv°jb, hv 2012 mvj †_‡K 2016 mvj ch©šÍ
mv¤cÖwZK cÖeYZviB avivevwnKZv| GB mgqKv‡j Pvgov ißvwb 10 kZvsk n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Z‡e GB n«vm cvIqvi KviY wQj
nvRvixevM †_‡K Pvgov KviLvbv¸‡jv Ab¨Î ¯’vbvšÍi| AwZwi³ m¶gZv m„wó Ges cÖhyw³ AvaywbKvqb Kiv †M‡j cÖZ¨¶
A_ev g~j¨ ms‡hvwRZ PvgovRvZ c‡Yï wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k †_‡K Pvgov ißvwbi cÖe„w× evo‡e| 1g I 2q `„k¨K‡í cÖZ¨vkv
Kiv n‡q‡Q †h Pvgov Lv‡Zi †gvU ißvwbi 20 kZvskB Avm‡e wdwbkW Pvgov ißvwb †_‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡_ Zzjbvi
†hvM¨ †`k¸‡jv‡Z Pvgov Lv‡Zi †gvU ißvwb‡Z wdwbkW Pvgov ißvwbi Ae`v‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i GB Abygvb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`„k¨Kí 1-G aiv n‡q‡Q †h 2017 mvj †_‡K 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ evsjv‡`k †_‡K cv`yKv ißvwbi g~j¨ eQ‡i 25 kZvsk
nv‡i e„w× cv‡e Ges 2021 mvj †_‡K 2025 mvj ch©šÍ GB e„w×i nvi n‡e evwl©K 20 kZvsk| evsjv‡`‡ki cv`yKv Lv‡Zi
eZ©gvb cÖe„w× nv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i GB cÖv°jb Kiv n‡q‡Q| 2012 mvj †_‡K 2016 mvj ch©šÍ mgqKv‡j cÖe„w×i nvi
wQj 22 kZvsk| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q cÖe„w× nvi †ewk aiv n‡q‡Q| Gi KviY n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki cv`yKv Lv‡Z wewb‡qvM e„w×
†c‡q‡Q Ges AvšÍR©vwZK evwqs nvDR¸‡jvi Dcw¯’wZ Kgcøv‡qÝ I evRvi myweav DbœZ Ki‡e| cvkvcvwk êwk¦K evRv‡i
Pvwn`vi avivevwnKZvq evsjv‡`k †_‡K †Ljvayjvi cv`yKv ißvwbi cwigvY e„w× cv‡e| evsjv‡`k †_‡K †Ljvayjvi cv`yKv
ißvwbi cwigvY eZ©gv‡bi 20 kZvsk †_‡K 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 30 kZvs‡k Ges 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 40 kZvs‡k DbœxZ
n‡e|
PvgovRvZ c‡Yï g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nvZ‡gvRv, nvZe¨vM I †eë‡K wZbwU cÖavb cY¨ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Avkv Kiv
n‡”Q, 2017 mvj †_‡K 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ PvgovRvZ c‡Yï †gvU ißvwb eQ‡i 25 kZvsk nv‡i e„w× cv‡e Ges 2021
mvj †_‡K 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ GB nvi e„w× †c‡q 30 kZvsk n‡e| ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi Rb¨ cÖe„w× nvi
Zzjbvg~jK Kg aiv n‡q‡Q, †Kbbv êwk¦K evRv‡i PvgovRvZ c‡Yï Dcw¯’wZ evov‡bvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k‡K wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z

n‡e| Z`ycwi, mKj ai‡bi PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb‡Z nvZe¨vM ißvwbi cwigvY eZ©gv‡bi 38 kZvsk †_‡K e„w× †c‡q
2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 45 kZvsk nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q|
`„k¨Kí 2
`„k¨Kí 2-G miKv‡ii AwaKZi D”Pvwfjvlx j¶¨gvÎvi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q| `ªæZ cÖe„w× nvi AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j †hŠwMK evwl©K
cÖe„w× nvi (wmGwRAvi) PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi Rb¨ 45 kZvs‡k, UªvsK I myU‡K‡mi g‡Zv PvgovRvZ c‡Yï Rb¨ 80 kZvs‡k,
PvgovRvZ e¯¿ I †cvkv‡Ki Rb¨ 60 kZvs‡k, Ges Ab¨vb¨ PvgovRvZ mvgMÖxi Rb¨ 40 kZvs‡k DbœxZ Ki‡Z n‡e16|
`„k¨Kí 2-G wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Kiv Am¤¢e bq| wek¦ Pvgov ißvwb evRv‡ii cÖe„w×, wf‡qZbv‡gi mdjZv,
evsjv‡`‡ki avivevwnK A_©‰bwZK I wkí cÖe„w× Ges †`kwUi µgea©gvb ga¨weË †kÖwY I m¤cÖmviYkxj evRvi‡K we‡ePbvq
†i‡L G `„k¨KíwU wn‡me Kiv n‡q‡Q| wek¦evRv‡ii AvqZ‡bi cÖv°jb cwigvY Lye †ewk bq| evsjv‡`‡ki mKj kw³gËv
I my‡hvM wn‡me Ki‡j GB j¶¨gvÎv ev¯Íem¤§Z I AR©b‡hvM¨|
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎvmg~n AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j evsjv‡`k‡K †ekwKQz RwUj P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡e|
wKQz P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q hv Pvgov Lv‡Zi cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ ißvwb Lv‡Zi RbÏ cÖvmw½K| Z‡e, wKQz P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q hv
mywbw`©ófv‡e Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨B cÖ‡hvR¨| Dfq ai‡bi P¨v‡j‡Äi Rb¨B `xN©‡gqv`x, ga¨‡gqv`x I ¯^í‡gqv`x n¯Í‡¶c
cÖ‡qvRb|
GLv‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨ †h Dfq `„k¨K‡íi Kvw•ÿZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j ˆZwi †cvkvK I Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi mdj
D‡`¨v³v‡ì c¶ n‡Z Pvgov Lv‡Z e¨vcK AvKv‡ii wewb‡qvM Ges GdwWAvB cÖevn cÖ‡qvRb| ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi `ªæ Z
cÖe„w×i †¶‡Î eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZviv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡iwQj| GB mdjZvi †cQ‡b g~j PvweKvwV wn‡m‡e KvR
K‡i‡Q e¨vcK AvKv‡i mieivn Av‡`‡ki ¯’vbvšÍi, AbyK‚j bxwZ mnvqZv, cÖ‡Yv`bv Ges ißvwbevÜe Ki myweav| j¶¨gvÎv
AR©‡b Pvgov LvZ Abyiƒc †KŠkj I c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z cv‡i|
16
we‡kl K‡i Ab¨vb¨ GBPGm 64 I GBPGm 42-Gi g‡a¨ GBPGm 6403, GBPGm 4202, GBPGm 4203|

mvaviYfv‡e Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖavb P¨v‡jÄmg~n
Pvgov Lv‡Z ißvwbi mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZ
we‡k¦i †gvU Mevw`cïi 1.3 †_‡K 1.8 kZvsk Ges QvM‡ji g‡a¨ †gvU 3.6 kZvs‡ki evm evsjv‡`‡k| Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×
a‡i ivL‡Z evsjv‡`‡k ch©vß KuvPvgv‡ji mieivn i‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k U¨vbvm© A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi (wewUG) g‡Z Pvgov I Qvj
†_‡K evsjv‡`k 31 †KvwU 25 jvL eM©dzU Pvgov Drcv`b K‡i‡Q| GQvov, ißvwbi Rb¨ 5 †KvwU eM©dzU w¯úøU PvgovI
Drcvw`Z n‡q‡Q| †Kvwiqv, nsKs I Px‡bi g‡Zv cÖavb cÖavb evRv‡i evsjv‡`k †ewki fvM Mevw`cïi Pvgov µv÷ Pvgov
wn‡m‡e ißvwb K‡i _v‡K| fv‡jv fv‡jv Pvgov KviLvbv †_‡K evsjv‡`k BZvwj I †¯ú‡b D”P gvbm¤úbœ Pvgov ißvwb K‡i
_v‡K| Z‡e, wek¦evRv‡i Mevw`cïi †gvU Pvgov ißvwb‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki wnm¨v gvÎ 1 kZvsk|
we‡kl K‡i MZ wZb eQ‡i evsjv‡`k n‡Z bvbv iK‡gi PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb e„w× †c‡q‡Q| 2016 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k †gvU
cv`yKv Drcv`‡bi cwigvY wQj 39 †KvwU 90 jvL †Rvov| †m eQi cv`yKv Drcv`‡b evsjv‡`k we‡k¦ 7g e„nËg †`‡ki
gh©v`v AR©b K‡i| 2015 mv‡j †`kwUi cv`yKv ißvwbi cwigvY wQj 4 †KvwU 80 jvL †Rvov| we‡k¦ cv`yKv ißvwb
avivevwnKfv‡e e„w× cv‡”Q|
†gvUv `v‡M cy‡iv ißvwb LvZB cY¨ ißvwb‡Z †ekwKQz eûgvwÎK P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Abychy³ †hvMv‡hvM
AeKvVv‡gv, Ki I ïé eë¯’vi RwUjZv, Kómva¨ I cÖjw¤^Z e¨vswKs †jb‡`b, cwien‡b `xN©mw~ ÎZv, e›`‡i cY¨ IVv‡bv-
bvgv‡bv (AvKvk I mgy`ªc‡_), A¯^vfvweK iK‡gi D”P wjW UvBg, D”P eëmv e¨q, Ki eë¯’vq AwbðqZv Ges cÖZ¨¶
ê‡`wkK wewb‡qv‡M `xN©m~wÎZv| Ab¨vb¨ LvZ †hme P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q Pvgov LvZI †mme P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL|
¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv n‡Z Dbœqbkxj †`‡k evsjv‡`‡ki DËi‡Yi d‡j Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi g‡ZvB Pvgov LvZI AviI wKQz
bZzb P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL n‡e| Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki ZvwjKvq DËi‡Yi d‡j we`¨gvb ißvwb evRvi¸‡jv‡Z †`kwU ïégy³-
†KvUvgy³ myweav nviv‡e| mvaviY P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jvi cvkvcvwk Pvgov Lv‡Z wKQz mywbw`©ó P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q, †hme †gvKv‡ejvq
cÖ‡qvRbxq n¯Í‡¶c I ev¯Íem¤§Z `xN©‡gqv`x cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv ìKvi|
Pvgov LvZ †h mKj eo P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q †m¸‡jv n‡jv:
Kgcøv‡qÝ
cy‡iv Pvgov Lv‡Zi Ab¨Zg ev¯ÍeZv n‡”Q AvšÍR©vwZK †µZviv Pvq ißvwb cY¨wU cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I kÖg msµvšÍ
AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~‡ni mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡e| myZivs, wek¦evRv‡i ißvwb cÖe„w× evov‡bvi †¶‡Î AvšÍRv© wZK cwi‡ek
gvb`Ð msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝmg~n g~j wbqvgK wn‡m‡e f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡e| nvRvixev‡Mi Pvgov KviLvbv I Gi cwi‡ekMZ
SzuwKi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k wKQz Zvr¶wYK P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Q| mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q Pvgov ißvwb n«vm cvIqvi eo KviY
nvRvixevM Bmy¨| Avb‡›ì msev` n‡”Q, nvRvixev‡Mi KviLvbv¸‡jv B‡Zvg‡a¨ mvfv‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Pvgov I

PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Zi Dbœqb I ißvwb e„w×i Rb¨ mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi KvR m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z Ges †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨
†kvabvMvi (wmBwUwc) cwiPvjbvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i Zzj‡Z Avï n¯Í‡¶c cÖ‡qvRb|
eZ©gv‡b Pvgov I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï Rb¨ gvb hvPvB I wbqš¿Y Ges wbwl× Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv (AviGmGj) †g‡b Pjv
eva¨Zvg~jK| GQvov GLbKvi Pvgov †µZviv mvaviYZ wZbwU g~j wel‡qi Dci †Rvi w`‡q _v‡K:
 Pvgov Drcv`bKvix KviLvbv‡K Zvi †`‡ki cwi‡ek msµvšÍ wewagvjv Aek¨B †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e|
 kÖg I Kg©-cwi‡ek †`‡ki AvBb I wewagvjvi mv‡_ Aek¨B m½wZc~Y© n‡Z n‡e| we‡kl wKQz †¶‡Î †µZviv Zv‡ì
wbR¯^ gvb`Ð wba©viY K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e, Zv mvaviYZ AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg ms¯’vi (AvBGjI) mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡q
_v‡K| Gme gvb`‡Ði g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkïkÖg I KvivkÖg cwinvi Kiv, †ckvMZ wbivcËv, m‡šÍvlRbK Kg©-cwi‡ek,
kÖwgK‡ì mwgwZ Ki‡Z †Ìqv, †hŠ_ ì KlvKwl, BZ¨vw`|
 BD‡ivcxq BDwbq‡bi ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vwì wbeÜb, g~j¨vqb, Aby‡gv`b I wewawb‡la (wiP) AvB‡b AviGmGj GKwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvcKvwV| AviGmGj ZvwjKv cÖwZ eQiB eo n‡”Q| Z‡e Gi mKj welqB Pvgovi Rb¨ cÖvmw½K bq| gvb
hvPvB I wbqš¿Y M‡elYvMv‡i Pvgovi mKj ai‡bi cix¶vi ch©vß miÄvg _vK‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZz cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ
c‡Yï †¶‡ÎI GKB ai‡bi cix¶Y ìKvi n‡e, ZvB GB cÖwZ‡e`‡bi cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q G msµvšÍ mycvwikgvjv
Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
 eª¨vwÛs I eëmvwqK jv‡fi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZfv‡e cÖPvi Kiv bv n‡j †Kv‡bv fv‡jv Kg©m~wP ev¯ÍevqbI mdj n‡e bv|
Avi G‡¶‡Î mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s Lye fv‡jv nvwZqvi n‡Z cv‡i|
Drcv`b cÖwµqvq c‡Yï gvb I Drcv`bkxjZv
Pvgov Lv‡Z GKwU wbqwgZ mgm¨v n‡”Q Avav`¶ I `¶ kÖwgK †_‡K ïiæ K‡i bKkvKvi, KvwiMwi kÖwgK, gvb eë¯’vcbv
I gvb wbqš¿Y eë¯’vcbvmn Z`viwK I eë¯’vcbv Kg©KZ©v ch©šÍ `¶ Kg©xi Afve|
wek¦Ry‡o PvgovRvZ cY¨ cÖavbZ GKwU d¨vkb cY¨| ZvB Gi gvb I bKkv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| GRb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ð
Ges me©‡kl cÖeYZv I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© AvKl©Yxq d¨vkb I bKkv D™¢ve‡b mZK© ch©‡e¶Y ìKvi| GQvov
Af¨šÍixY I AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i c‡Yï g~j¨ †hŠw³K ch©v‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| myZivs, LvZwUi Rb¨ Drcv`bkxjZv GKwU AwZ
¸iæZ¡cY~ © welq Ges GKBmv‡_ GKwU cÖK…Z P¨v‡jÄI e‡U|
`¶Zv I eënvwiK Ávb e„w× Kiv
Drcv`b cÖwµqv I Drcv`bkxjZvi DrKl© mva‡b KvwiMwi mnvqZv Avek¨K| µv÷ Pvgov Drcv`b †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov
Drcv`‡b †h‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖhyw³ I eënvwiK Ávb AwaKvsk KviLvbvi †bB, hwÌ Gme Ávb Drcv`bkxjZvi
PvwjKvkw³|
Pvgovi gvb hZ fv‡jv n‡e wkíI ZZ jvfevb n‡e| XvKvi Pvgov cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ Bbw÷wUDU (AvBGjBwU) eZ©gv‡b
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY wk‡íi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z`viwK I eë¯’vcbv Kg©KZ©v mieivn K‡i _v‡K| Lyjbv cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³
wek¦we`¨vjq m¤cÖwZ Pvgov cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM Pvjy K‡i‡Q, †hLv‡b mœvZK ch©v‡q cvV`vb Kiv nq| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb `¶Zv
eë¯’v wewfbœ ai‡bi mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL|
cÖPwjZ cvV¨m~wP, wk¶v`v‡bi gvb I we`¨gvb AeKvVv‡gv wkí Lv‡Zi gvb I Pvwn`v c~i‡Y ch©vß bq| wk¶v cÖwZôvb I wkí
Lv‡Zi gv‡S GKwU my¯úó `~iZ¡ i‡q‡Q| AvBGjBwU †_‡K mœvZK †kl Kiv wk¶v_©xiv me mgq wkí Lv‡Z †hvM †`b bv|

G Bbw÷wUD‡U ¯^í‡gqv`x †Kv‡m©i †Kv‡bv Kvh©µg †bB| Z‡e G ai‡bi †Kvm© Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Zi m¤¢vebvgq
Kg©Pvix‡ì Rb¨ AviI cÖvmw½K n‡Zv Ges GiKg †Kv‡m©i LiP Zuviv enb Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| †hme AwfÁ Kg©Pvix ZË¡veavb
ev eë¯’vcbv mswkøó Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wb‡R‡ì `¶Zv Dbœqb Ki‡Z Pvb Zuv‡ì Rb¨ G ai‡bi †Kvm© jvfRbK n‡e|
wkí LvZ I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb `~i‡Z¡i KviY `~i Kiv me‡P‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq n¯Í‡¶c| G‡Z K‡i welq cwiKíbv,
cvV¨m~wP ˆZwi Kiv, mœvZK wWwMÖavix‡ì wkí Lv‡Z wb‡qvwRZ Kiv, Ges cÖvwZôvwbK M‡elYvi Dci cÖfve co‡e| Z‡e,
Gi Rb¨ wkí mwgwZ I wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZv ìKvi| `¶Zv e„w×i Rb¨ GKw`‡K †hgb
AeKvVv‡gv I Avbylw½K KvVv‡gv DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e, Ab¨w`‡K †Zgwb Rbej‡K `¶ Ki‡Z n‡j AviI †ewk †ewk cÖwk¶Y
Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †gŠwjK M‡elYv GKwU `xN©‡gqv`x KvR| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Aby`v‡bi `vwqZ¡ miKvi,
wek¦we`¨vjq ev wk‡íi Dci †Q‡o †ÌqvB DËg| wkíKviLvbv †hme êÁvwbK ev cÖ‡KŠkjMZ ev¯Íe mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL
i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jvi mgvavb Lyu‡R †ei Kiv LvZwUi AMÖMwZi Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨K|
¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi KviLvbv¸‡jv GKwÎZ Kiv
Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`bKvix we`¨gvb KviLvbv¸‡jv †Kv‡bv cÖvwZôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ QvovB wewfbœ RvqMvq Qwo‡q wQwU‡q
i‡q‡Q| `ªæZ cÖe„w×i Rb¨ ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi mKj KviLvbvi Rb¨ evowZ wewb‡qvM ìKvi| KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K GKwÎZ
Ki‡Z n‡e Ges KvwiMwi mn‡hvwMZv I eënvwiK Ávbmn bxwZ mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi
c‡Yï f¨vjy †PBb‡K µv÷ Pvgov Drcv`b †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`‡b wb‡q †h‡Z n‡j
U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi hš¿cvwZ I miÄv‡g cÖPzi wewb‡qvM ìKvi| bZzb hš¿cvwZi †h Drcv`b m¶gZv i‡q‡Q, A‡bK ¶z`ª I gvSvwi
KviLvbvi Drcv`b Kvh©µg Zvi †_‡K Kg nIqvq Gme KviLvbv hš¿cvwZ I miÄv‡g wewb‡qvM Kiv‡K Avw_©Kfv‡e jvfRbK
g‡b K‡i bv| G Kvi‡Y, ¶z`ª I gvSvwi KviLvbvi Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi _vKv ìKvi|
g~j¨ ms‡hvRb DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z bxwZgvjv
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZ KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z Lye Aí cwigvY µv÷ Pvgov‡KB wdwbkW Pvgovq iƒcvšÍi Kiv nq|
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K c‡Yï f¨vjy †PBb DbœZ Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡j Zv Pvgov LvZ I †`‡ki Rb¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ A_© ‰bwZK
mvdj¨ e‡q Avb‡e| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h wdwbkW Pvgovi g~j¨ µv÷ Pvgovi g~‡jï †P‡q 60 kZvsk †ewk17| f¨vjy †PB‡b
Dc‡ii w`‡K DV‡Z cvi‡j Zv Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Z bZzb I DbœZZi Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó Ki‡e|
evsjv‡`‡ki e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR KvVv‡gvi Aax‡b jvB‡mÝavix cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv ißvwbgyLx Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY webv ï‡é Avg`vwb Ki‡Z cv‡i| RvZxq ivR¯^ †ev‡W©i (GbweAvi) Aaxb Kv÷gm eÛ Kwgkbv‡iU
KZ…©cÿ e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR myweav eënv‡ii w`KwU †`Lfvj K‡i| Pvgov Lv‡Zi A‡bK eo ißvwbKviK KviLvbv e‡ÛW
17
2010-2015 mgqKv‡ji g‡a¨ µv÷ I wdwbkW Pvgov ißvwb‡Z wek¦Ry‡o g~j¨ eëavb wb‡q Kiv GKwU we‡køl‡Y G Z_¨ cvIqv
†M‡Q|

Aq¨vinvDR myweav eënvi K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K, jvB‡mÝ Ki‡Z wewfbœ bw_cÎ ìKvi nIqvq Ges cÖwµqvwU mgqmv‡c¶
I RwUj e‡j ¶z`ª I gvSvwi ißvwbKviKiv mvaviYZ ïé †di‡Zi Dci wbf©i K‡i _v‡K| G welqwU‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix m¤cÖmviY
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq cÖZ¨vwkZ ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi m¶gZv
e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| eZ©gv‡bi Zzjbvq ˆ`wbK AwZwi³ 750 Ub KuvPv Pvgov ev Avav cÖwµqvRvZ Pvgov cÖwµqvKiY Kivi
m¶gZv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| PÆMÖvg I ivRkvnxi g‡Zv AÂ‡j bZzb Pvgovwkí bMix M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| gvbbxq cÖavbgš¿x
wb‡RI Ggb Bw½Z cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| cÖwZ Ub KuvPvgvj cÖwµqvRvZ Ki‡Z 30 NbwgUvi cvwb cÖ‡qvRb n‡e ai‡j, Dc‡iv³
cwigvY KuvPvgvj cÖwµqvRvZ Ki‡Z ˆ`wbK 22,500 NbwgUvi cvwb ìKvi n‡e|
we‡`wk I Af¨šÍixY wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y Ges LvZwU‡Z m¶g D‡`¨v³v‡ì mshy³ Kiv
Rwg eiv‡Ïi cvkvcvwk Pvgov Lv‡Z e¨vcK cwim‡i Af¨šÍixY I cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y Kiv ìKvi| Pvgov
Lv‡Zi cÖavb GKwU ms¯‹vi wn‡m‡e Af¨šÍixY I ê‡`wkK Drm n‡Z wewb‡qvM e„w× AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK
wewb‡qvM I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM bxwZ wba©viK‡ì AvKv•ÿv Abyhvqx GLbI h‡_ó bq| cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qv‡Mi cÖevn Ges
LyPiv we‡µZv I eª¨vÛ¸‡jvi mv‡_ m¤úK© ˆZwi Kiv A`¨vewa eo GK P¨v‡jÄ|
evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav DbœZ Kiv
evsjv‡`‡ki evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav AZ¨šÍ wbgœ ch©v‡qi| êwk¦K evRv‡ii gvÎ 0.5 kZvsk evsjv‡`‡ki `L‡j i‡q‡Q|
Kgcøv‡qÝ I eªvwÛs‡qi gva¨‡g fveg~wZ© cÖwZôv Kiv GLbI GKwU P¨v‡jÄ|
mivmwi evRviRvZKiY
cwðgv evRvi¸‡jv‡Z mivmwi evRviRvZ Ki‡Z PvB‡j †h‡Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ gvb I Kgcøv‡qÝ eRvq ivLv Ges mgqgZ
cY¨ mieivn Kiv Acwinvh©| G ai‡bi cÖwZôvb wb‡R‡ì weKv‡ki mgqKv‡j we‡`wk evRv‡i cvBKvi‡ì mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z
¯^v”Q›`¨ †eva K‡i Ges ch©vqµ‡g cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z Pvq| GB c×wZi myweav n‡jv cÖwµqvwU mij, Ges G‡ÿ‡Î †ewk
mgq I 4-6 mßvn evowZ wjW UvBg cvIqv hvq| Z‡e mgm¨vi w`K n‡”Q cvBKviiv †ewki fvM mgqB Kg g~j¨ cÖ¯Íve
K‡i|
cðvrgyLx ms‡hvM
†Kv‡bv Lv‡Z mvcøvB †PBb ev mieivn eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kiv †M‡j Zv LvZwUi cÖe„w×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| f¨vjy †PB‡b cðvrgyLx
ms‡hv‡Mi †¶‡Î evsjv‡`k eo eo evavi m¤§yLxb| †`‡ki g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv g~j¨ ms‡hvRb bv NwU‡qB Pvgov Lv‡Z
cÖwµqvRvZK…Z †ewki fvM KuvPv Pvgov I QvjB µv÷ Pvgov wn‡m‡e ißvwb n‡q _v‡K| Gi cÖavb KviY PvgovRvZ cY¨ I
cv`yKv Lv‡Z cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ wel‡q †µZvi †eu‡a †Ìqv kZ©| Z`ycwi, ivmvqwbK `ªe¨, hš¿cvwZ, QuvP Ges
Avbylw½K miÄv‡gi Rb¨ Avg`vwbi Dci wbf©ikxjZv AZ¨waK|
Drcv`b cÖwµqvi Rb¨ Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jvi hš¿cvwZ, ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ I miÄvg cÖ‡qvRb| Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi †ewki fvM hš¿cvwZ we‡`k †_‡K Avg`vwb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| †mvj, jv÷, Avcvi, wdZv I Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY
mn cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 21 ai‡bi DcKiY ìKvi nq| evsjv‡`‡k Gme DcKiY Drcv`bKvix †Kv‡bv eo

KviLvbv †bB| Z‡e, Drcv`b m¶gZv GKUv ch©vq ch©šÍ †M‡j GB cwiw¯’wZ cwiewZ©Z n‡e| ZLb DcKiY Drcv`bKvix
KviLvbv¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡k Drcv`b cÖwµqv ïiæ Ki‡e|
ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi mgvb myweav I cÖ‡Yv`bv
ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi avivevwnK I `ªæZ cÖe„w×i Rb¨ LvZwU eQ‡ii ci eQi Drmvng~jK bxwZ mnvqZv I A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡Yv`bv
†c‡q G‡m‡Q| MZ wZb `kK a‡i LvZwU miKv‡ii cÖ‡Yv`bv Dc‡fvM Ki‡Q| A‡bK †¶‡ÎB Pvgov Lv‡Zi g‡Zv Ab¨vb¨
LvZ bxwZ mnvqZv I ìKvwi ißvwb cÖ‡Yv`bv cv‡”Q bv| GB `„wó‡Kv‡Y LvZwU ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ †_‡K A‡bK wcwQ‡q
i‡q‡Q|
ïé I Ki
evsjv‡`‡ki Avg`vwb ïé (ïé Ki) KvVv‡gv MZ `k‡K D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e cwiewZ©Z n‡q AwfbœZvi ch©v‡q DbœxZ n‡q‡Q|
Z‡e ïé K‡ii evB‡iI Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwbKviK‡ì K‡qK ai‡bi gvïj, Ki I wd cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq|
K‡qK ai‡bi c‡Yï Rb¨ Gme LiP evwYR¨ K‡ii cÖavb Ask n‡q D‡V‡Q| GiKg AwZwi³ gvï‡ji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q m¤ú~iK
ïé (GmwW), g~j¨ ms‡hvRb Ki (g~mK), AwMÖg AvqKi, wbqš¿Yg~jK ïé (AviwW) Ges AwMÖg evwYwR¨K g~mK (GwUwf)|
¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi mnvqK cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv
PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`‡b A‡bK¸‡jv ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi KviLvbv RwoZ i‡q‡Q| Gme wkíKviLvbvq c‡Yï
gvb, bKkv, c‡Yï aib, Drcv`bkxjZv Ges m‡e©vcwi Drcv`‡b DrKl© NUv‡bv ìKvi|
PvgovRvZ †cvkvK
ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ GZ kw³kvjx nIqv m‡Ë¡I †`‡k PvgovRvZ †cvkvK Drcv`b I ißvwb‡Z †Kv‡bv AMÖMwZ nqwb| †ek
K‡qK ai‡bi †cvkv‡Ki Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡k cÖvc¨ Pvgov LyeB Dchy³| GQvov evwoNi I Mvwo m¾vi mvgMÖx ˆZwi Ki‡ZI
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv n‡Z Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËiY
2021 mv‡j wÎevwl©K g~j¨vqb mfvq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv n‡Z Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËi‡Yi Rb¨ mycvwik
Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| GB g~j¨vq‡bi avivevwnKZvq 2024 mv‡j evsjv‡`k ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †ei
n‡q Avm‡e| evRvi cÖ‡e‡ki †ejvq evsjv‡`k ïé I Drmwewai †¶‡Î AMÖvwaKvi myweav nviv‡e| GKcvwÿK AMÖvwaKvi I
AvÂwjK evwYR¨ Pzw³ Dfq †ÿ‡Î AMÖvwaKvi myweavi Aemvb NU‡e| wRGmwc myweavi †¶‡Î evsjv‡`k DbœZ †`k¸‡jvi
†Ìqv ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav nviv‡e|

mycvwikK…Z c`‡ÿcmg~n
Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq G Lv‡Zi ißvwb cÖe„w× Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi †ÿ‡Î we`¨gvb P¨v‡jÄmg~n wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
†mme P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ c`‡¶c mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov, Kg©cwiKíbv Aa¨v‡q iƒc‡iLvi we¯ÍvwiZ
Kg©cwiKíbv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|
Kgcøv‡qÝ
 Kgcøv‡qÝ wbwðZ Kiv: mvg‡bi eQi¸‡jv‡Z Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×i Ab¨Zg cÖavb PvwjKvkw³ n‡e Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z (cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q wdwbkW cY¨) Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZi DbœwZ| mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ,
wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨ I ivmvqwbK `ªe¨ msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ Kiv †M‡j evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z Pvgov wek¦Ry‡o
MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv jvf Ki‡e| Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ n‡j †µZviv evsjv‡`k n‡Z Kgcøv‡q›U Pvgov µq‡K jvfRbK
g‡b Ki‡e Ges G‡Z K‡i AW©v‡ii cwigvYI e„w× cv‡e| Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evo‡e jv‡fi
cwigvYI| cwi‡e‡ki Dci ¶wZKi cÖfve ˆZwi bv K‡iI †h †Kv‡bv LvZ weKvk jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zv wbwðZ K‡i
Kgcøv‡qÝ| LvZwUi Rb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ K‡qKwU n¯Í‡¶c mycvwik Kiv n‡jv:
 msMVb¸‡jvi mv‡_ civgk© K‡i mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK wbivcËvRwbZ, †ckvMZ I ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi RvZxq wb‡`©wkKv Ges mb`cÎ cÖ`vb Kg©m~wP M‡o Zzjyb| AvšÍR©vwZK Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ð I Pvwn`v
Abymv‡i G Kg©m~wP m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †Kv‡bv mwµq evwYR¨ msMV‡bi Aax‡b GKwU mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I Kgcøv‡qÝ †mj cÖwZôv Kiæb| Kg©¯’‡j wbivcËv
msµvšÍ mvgvwRK Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ðmg~n Ges RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg AvBb KviLvbv¸‡jv †g‡b Pj‡Q wKbv Zv
ch©‡e¶Y I wbwðZ Kiv n‡e GB †K‡›`ªi KvR| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ ißvwb Dbœqb
ey¨‡iv‡Z GKwU Kgcøv‡qÝ I ch©‡e¶Y †mjI cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n c~i‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z Kgcøv‡qÝ we‡klÁ wb‡qvM Ki‡Z Pvgov LvZ‡K
A_©‰bwZK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiæb| cvkvcvwk, bxwZ mnvqZv I A_©‰bwZK cÖ‡Yv`bvI cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|
 †j`vi IqvwK©s MÖæ‡ci mb`cÎ AR©b Ki‡Z KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K KvwiMwi mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiæb| Pvgov I PvgovRvZ
c‡Yï Rb¨ G mb`cÎ AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z| cvkvcvwk cwi‡ek mswkøó AvšÍR©vwZK ixwZbxwZ I AMÖvwaKv‡ii
mv‡_I GwU mvgÄm¨c~Y©| GB mb`cÎ †c‡Z n‡j Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZ KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K KmvBLvbv ch©šÍ Pvgov
wPwýZ Kivi m¶gZv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ivmvqwbK eënvi I Zij eR©¨ wbM©g‡b h_vh_ I wbivc` cwi‡ekMZ
PP©v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cÖwZ eQi 40 kZvsk KuvPv Pvgov I Qvj C`yj Avhnvi mg‡q msMÖn Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ZvB C‡ì mg‡q h_vh_
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Dcv‡q Pvgov I Qvj msMÖn Ki‡Z gvbylRb‡K m‡PZb Kivi Rb¨ e¨vcK cwim‡i m‡PZbZv e„w×g~jK
Kg©m~wP MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Pvgov LvZ hZw`b ch©šÍ Avewk¨K AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n m¤ú~Y©fv‡e c~iY Ki‡Z bv cv‡i ZZw`b ch©šÍ LvZwUi
m¶gZv ˆZwi Kivmn LvZwU‡K A_©‰bwZK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiæb|

 Gme Kgcøv‡qÝ mb`cÎ I gvb`Ð QvovI, mvfv‡i Aew¯’Z XvKv Pvgovwkí bMixi AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb m¤ú~Y©
Ki‡Z n‡e| †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡ii (wmBwUwc) h_vh_ cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶Y Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZ
KviLvbv¸‡jv Ges m‡e©vcwi Pvgov Lv‡Zi †UKmB nIqvi †¶‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡e| G‡¶‡Î mKj KviLvbv
KZ©…K Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ mKj MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvb`Ðmn mwVK †evSvcov mnKv‡i mvgwMÖK wbM©gb bxwZgvjv †g‡b
PjvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
 Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi DcRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡b wewb‡qvM K‡i g~j¨ ms‡hvR‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z D‡`¨v³v‡ì Drmvn
cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó wewb‡qvM Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g f¨vjy †PB‡bi wb‡Pi fvM‡K kw³kvjx Kiæb| G‡Z K‡i
¯^v‡¯’ï cÖwZ SzuwKc~Y© Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R Gme eR©¨ eënvi n«vm cv‡e| KwVb e‡R©ï eë¯’vcbv h_vh_fv‡e ch©‡e¶Y
Ki‡Z n‡e| DcRvZ `ªe¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviK KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K cwi‡ekevÜe n‡q DV‡Z wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡Z
wbgœeZ©x eëmvq Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM m„wó n‡e|
 mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvU© n‡jv GKwU cÖvwZôvwbK cÖwZ‡e`b hv A_©‰bwZK, cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I cÖkvm‡bi
Kg©`ÿZv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| G ai‡bi cÖwZ‡e`b AwZ mv¤cÖwZK welq| 1980-Gi `k‡Ki †klw`‡K
cÖ_g cwi‡ekMZ cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡iwQj ¸iæZi fveg~wZ© msK‡U _vKv ivmvqwbK KvivLvbv¸‡jv| †h‡nZz
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov LvZ gvivZ¥K fveg~wZ© msK‡U i‡q‡Q, ZvB mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvU© Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki
I †KŠkjMZ eª¨vwÛs DcKiY n‡Z cv‡i| Avi Zv cÖKvivšÍ‡i ißvwb evRv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZ‡hvwMZv mÿgZv
evwo‡q Zzj‡e Ges fwel¨r cÖe„w× evov‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| AvBb cÖYq‡bi gva¨‡g mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s‡K
cÖ_‡g Hw”QK D‡`¨vM wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i cÖwZôv‡bi eëmvwqK Av‡qi cwiwa
Abyhvqx G‡K BD‡ivcxq BDwbqbfz³ †`k¸‡jvi g‡Zv eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Drcv`b cÖwµqvi gvb I Drcv`bkxjZv
 `¶Zv I eënvwiK Áv‡bi Dbœqb: KvwiMwi eënvwiK Áv‡bi †¶‡Î wkíKviLvbv I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi ga¨Kvi `~iZ¡
`~i Ki‡Z G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM I mgwš^Z cÖwkÿY cÖwµqv Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨v‡bï g‡a¨ Pvgov
cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ Bbw÷wUDU (AvBGjBwU) Ges †m›Uvi Ae GKwm‡jÝ di †j`vi w¯‹j evsjv‡`k wjwg‡U‡Wi
(†Kv‡qj) we`¨gvb myweav¸‡jv wkí Lv‡Zi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx AvaywbKvqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Pvgov Lv‡Zi †Kv‡bv cÖwm×
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ UzBwbs18 ev AvbyôvwbK m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i cÖwZôvb¸‡jv jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i| Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Y wb‡qvwRZ kÖwgK‡ì e„wËg~jK cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡qj G ai‡bi cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb K‡i
_v‡K| Z‡e LvZwU‡Z cÖwk¶‡Yi Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z cÖwZôvbwUi cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wkí LvZ I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi ga¨Kvi `~iZ¡ wbimb: cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvi mywbw`©ó †¶Î wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z
wkíKviLvbv I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ wbqwgZ mfv Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Av‡jvPbvi welq wn‡m‡e _vK‡Z cv‡i
cvV¨m~wP, bexb ev Kg©iZ Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ ¯^í‡gqv`x D™¢vebx wk¶v`vb Kg©m~wP Ges cÖwk¶Y Kg©kvjvi cwiKíbv MÖnY,
wkíKviLvbvq B›Uvb©wkc Kvh©µg, wkí Lv‡Zi Aby`v‡b cÖvwZôvwbK M‡elYv, BZ¨vw`|
 kÖwgK‡ì `¶ Ki‡Z cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwk¶Y: wkí Lv‡Zi Avï Pvwn`v¸‡jv we‡ePbvq wb‡q ¯^í‡gqv`x cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wP
MÖnY Kiæb| G ai‡bi cÖwk¶Y g~jZ wb‡R‡ì `¶ Ki‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡ì cÖ‡Póvi ¯^xK…wZ| cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP‡Z
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì mb`cÎ cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
18
g¨vK‡Wvbv Mqi‡ni (2002) g‡Z, UzBwbs n‡”Q Ôhy³iv‡Rï †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó wefvM ev cÖwZôvb Ges Dbœqbkxj we‡k¦i Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv
wefvM ev cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ `vßwiK m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv, hvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡e Pvwn`vi mwVK g~j¨vq‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv Ges cieZ©x mKj
ch©v‡q Kvh©Ki cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZv wbwðZ KivÕ| evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vc‡U Gi A_© n‡”Q †Kv‡bv AMÖmi cÖwZôvb (D`vniY¯îƒc,
wmGjAviAvB) Ges weKv‡ki ga¨ ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi (†hgb, AvBGjBwU) g‡a¨ mn‡hvwMZvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb
Kiv| Drm: Macdonagh, R., Jiddawi, M., and Parry, V. (2002). Twinning: The future for sustainable collaboration.
BJU International. 89(Supl.): 13-17. msMÖn¯’j: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1465-5101.2001.128.x/pdf|

 AvšÍR©vwZK wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ UzBwbs ev AvbyôvwbK m¤úK© ¯’vcb: ïiæ‡Z Kgc‡¶ wZb eQ‡ii Kg©m~wP MÖnY Ki‡Z
n‡e| cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi cvi¯úwiK mnvqZvi †¶Îmg~‡ni g‡a¨ _vK‡e cvV¨m~wP wewbgq I cvV¨m~wP cwiKíbv, wk¶K
wewbgq, wk¶v_©x wewbgq, wk¶K cÖwk¶Y Kg©kvjv, mn‡hvwMZvi wfwË‡Z M‡elYv, Ges me‡k‡l, mn‡hvMx cÖwZôv‡bi
gva¨‡g mb`cÎ Kg©m~wP cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ m¤úK© ¯’vcb|
 Pvgov wb‡q dwjZ M‡elYvi Rb¨ Aby`vb: †gŠwjK M‡elYv `xN©‡gqv`x Ges Gi Aby`v‡bi fvi miKvi, wek¦we`¨vjq ev
wk‡íi Dci †Q‡o †ÌqvB DËg| wkíKviLvbv †hme êÁvwbK ev cÖ‡KŠkjMZ ev¯Íe mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL i‡q‡Q,
†m¸‡jvi mgvavb Lyu‡R †ei Kiv LvZwUi AMÖMwZi Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨K|
nvRvixev‡Mi Pvgov wkí AÂ‡ji Drcv`bgyLx eënvi
eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i Pvgov Drcv`‡bi †K›`ª wn‡m‡e M‡o D‡V‡Q nvRvixevM AÂj| GLv‡b i‡q‡Q ms‡hvM, KviLvbv I
kÖgkw³| GLvbKvi cwiZ¨³ wkívÂj‡K AvaywbK meyR wkívÂj wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z K‡i KviLvbv ev
Rwgi gvwjKiv eû eQ‡ii cÖ‡Póvq M‡o IVv AÂjwUi Ae¯’vbMZ mzweav eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
bxwZ mnvqZv Ges Abyiƒc cÖ‡Yv`bv myweav
ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi Rb¨ †h mg¯Í bxwZ mnvqZv I ißvwb cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb eûgyLxKi‡Yi
Rb¨ AšÍZc‡¶ Zvi mgvb myweav wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi| Z‡e cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Pvgov ißvwb‡Z `ªæZ cÖe„w× AR©b Ki‡Z evowZ
bxwZ mnvqZv I cÖ‡Yv`bv ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i|
¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Dbœqb
Af¨šÍixY Pvwn`v I ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b Pvgov Lv‡Zi `ªæZ cÖe„w×‡Z ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí PvwjKvkw³ wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z
cv‡i| cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`bKvix †QvU †QvU KviLvbv †`ke¨vcx Qwo‡q wQwU‡q i‡q‡Q Ges GLb ch©šÍ G¸‡jv
AvbyôvwbK Drcv`b LvZ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z bq| Gme KviLvbv hv‡Z ¸”Q AvKv‡i cÖwZwôZ n‡q wb‡R‡ì m¤¢vebvi weKvk
NUv‡Z cv‡i Ges A_©bxwZ‡Z Kvw•ÿZ gvÎvq Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ miKv‡ii DwPZ Awej‡¤^ cÖ‡Yv`bvg~jK c`‡¶c
MÖnY Kiv| ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi `ªæZ cÖe„w×‡Z Ges KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K eo eo KviLvbvi mv‡_ g~javivq Avb‡Z mnvqZv
Ki‡e AbyK‚j bxwZgvjv, Avw_©K mnvqZv Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwk¶Y|
 ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Dbœqb: GKwU eo msL¨K ¶z`ª I AwZ ÿz`ª D‡`¨vM i‡q‡Q, hv nq mivmwi Af¨šÍixY evRv‡ii
Rb¨ KvR K‡i A_ev wVKv`vi wn‡m‡e Ñ we‡kl K‡i e¨¯Í †gŠmy‡g Ñ eo KviLvbv¸‡jvi Rb¨ KvR K‡i| gvb, bKkv,
c‡Yï aib, Drcv`bkxjZv, Ges m‡e©vcwi Gme ¸‡”Qi Drcv`b DbœZ Kivi h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| GKwU A_ev `yBwU
¸”Q hw` AvaywbK Drcv`b PP©v I cÖhyw³ eënvi ïiæ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv Ab¨vb¨ ¸‡”Qi g‡a¨ `ªæZ Qwo‡q co‡e| KzwUiwkí
welqK †evSvcov cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z Ges †Kvb †Kvb Dcv‡q evsjv‡`‡ki PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Z GwU cÖ‡qvM Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i Zv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z GKwU M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiv ìKvi|
 KzwUiwkí ¸”Q n‡Z cY¨ µq Ki‡Z eo LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì AbycÖvwYZ Kiæb|
 KzwUiwk‡íi ¸”Q wefvRb m¤ú‡K© †evSvcov cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z Ges evsjv‡`‡ki PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Z GUv
wKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z GKwU M‡elYv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiæb|
cÖwµqv I Drcv`bkxjZvi DrKl© mva‡b KvwiMwi mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ges bZzb ai‡bi Pvgov Drcv`‡bi M‡elYv I Dbœqb
wb‡gœv³ †¶Î¸‡jv‡Z Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZ KviLvbv¸‡jvi m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e:

 †Kvb ai‡bi wdwbwks n‡e Zv wba©viY Ki‡Z I‡qU eøy ev µv÷ ch©v‡qB Pvgovi jU Avjv`v K‡i †djv, G‡Z K‡i
fvÐvi †_‡K m‡e©v”P g~‡jï Pvgov Drcv`b m¤¢e n‡e|
 wbgœgv‡bi Pvgovi gvb DbœZ Ki‡Z DbœZ cÖhyw³ eënvi Kiv|
ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi cieZ©x As‡k GKwU Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi cÖwZôv Kivi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbvi m¶gZv Dbœq‡b KvR Ki‡e|
KmvBLvbv wbg©vY
 mswkøó wefv‡Mi gva¨‡g evsj‡`k miKvi cÖavb cÖavb knivÂ‡j ¶z`ª I gvSvwi AvKv‡ii KmvBLvbv wbg©vY Kivi cÖwµqv
ïiæ Ki‡Z cv‡i| miKvwi-†emiKvwi Askx`vwi‡Z¡i (wcwcwc) Av`‡j GUv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 C‡ì mg‡q cï RevB‡qi eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ Kivi GKgvÎ c_ n‡”Q igRvb gv‡mi Av‡MB kn‡ii cÖavb
†K›`ª¸‡jv‡Z hZUv m¤¢e ¯’vbxq KmvB‡ì cÖwk¶Y †Ìqv Ges mb`cÎ cÖ`vb Kiv|
bZzb ai‡bi Pvgovi Rb¨ M‡elYv I Dbœqb
eZ©gv‡b, evsjv‡`k gvÎ K‡qK ai‡bi Pvgov Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| †h‡nZz, Drcv`‡bi eo GKwU AskB n‡”Q µv÷ Pvgov,
ZvB bZzb ai‡bi Pvgov Drcv`‡b M‡elYv I D™¢vebx cÖ‡Póv Lye GKUv nqwb| GQvov, Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jvi
g‡a¨ wbgœgv‡bi Pvgovi gvb e„w×i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq eënvwiK Áv‡bi Afve †`Lv †M‡Q| †h‡Kv‡bv Pvgov I Qv‡ji j‡U G
ai‡bi Pvgovi cwigvY Kgc‡¶ 20 kZvsk| †ivjvi †KvwUs, wcÖw›Us, BZ¨vw` c×wZ eënvi K‡i wbgœgv‡bi Pvgovi gvb
DbœZ Kiv GKwU wkíKg©I e‡U|
cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ K‡qKwU we‡kl mycvwik:
 bZzb bZzb evRv‡i cÖ‡ek I cY¨ D™¢ve‡bi gva¨‡g eûgyLxKiY: cY¨ eûgyLxKi‡Yi †¶‡Î GmcvwWªj GKwU D™¢vebx
cY¨| eZ©gv‡b GwU wek¦Ry‡o g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Q| DcLvZwUi Rb¨ wb‡gœ K‡qKwU bZzb evRvi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv:
 †Ljvayjvi cv`yKv Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, hy³ivR¨, d«vÝ, Rvg©vwb, †ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I Aw÷ªqv|
 cv`yKv, †Mvovwj ch©šÍ Ave„Z, evB‡i ivevi ev Pvgovi AveiYmn cøvw÷‡Ki ˆZwi, †b‡mvB Ñ BZvwj, d«vÝ,
hy³ivR¨, †ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I KvbvWv|
 cv`yKv, evB‡i ivevi ev Pvgovi AveiYmn cøvw÷‡Ki ˆZwi, †b‡mvB Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, BZvwj,
d«vÝ, †ejwRqvg, †b`vij¨vÛ I hy³ivR¨|
PvgovRvZ cY¨ DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ we‡kl K‡qKwU mycvwik n‡jv:
 bZzb bZzb evRv‡i cÖ‡ek I cY¨ D™¢ve‡bi gva¨‡g eûgyLxKiY: Avg`vwb-ißvwb msµvšÍ AZx‡Zi Z_¨-DcvË we‡kølY
K‡i †`Lv hv‡”Q, we`¨gvb evRvimg~‡n evsjv‡`k †hme bZzb cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q UªvsK I
myU‡Km| †hme m¤¢ve¨ evRv‡i DcLvZwU cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
 nvZe¨vM Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨, †Kvwiqv, Rvcvb, Rvg©vwb I Pxb|
 nvZ‡gvRv I `¯Ívbv Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨, †¯úb I myB‡Wb|
 †eë I KvZ©zR ivLvi †eë Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb, d«vÝ, BZvwj, hy³ivR¨ I †Kvwiqv|
 PvgovRvZ Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx Ñ gvwK©b hy³ivóª, BZvwj, †cvj¨vÛ, †PK wicvewjK, Rvg©vwb I d«vÝ|

g~j¨ ms‡hvRb DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z bxwZgvjv
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`b Ki‡Z n‡j KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K bZzb cÖhyw³ I `¶Zv Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e| bxwZ mnvqZv
wn‡m‡e Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ`v‡bi cvkvcvwk wewagvjvi K‡Vvi cÖ‡qvMI ìKvi| G‡¶‡Î, ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU wb‡gœv³
c`‡¶cmg~n mycvwik Ki‡Q:
KviLvbv¸‡jv KZ©…K we‡klÁ wb‡qv‡M fZ©zwK cÖ`vb Ki‡Z GKwU Kg©m~wP MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| µv÷ Pvgov Drcv`b †_‡K
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b †h‡Z wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b mv‡c‡¶ Ges LiP fvMvfvwMi wfwË‡Z GB fZ©zwK †Ìqv †h‡Z
cv‡i|
evsjv‡`‡ki e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR KvVv‡gvi Aax‡b jvB‡mÝavix cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv ißvwbgyLx Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY webv ï‡é Avg`vwb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Pvgov Lv‡Zi A‡bK eo ißvwbKviKI KviLvbv e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR
myweav eënvi K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K jvB‡mÝ Ki‡Z wewfbœ bw_cÎ ìKvi nIqvq Ges cÖwµqvwU mgqmv‡c¶ I RwUj e‡j
¶z`ª I gvSvwi ißvwbKviKiv mvaviYZ ïé †di‡Zi Dci wbf©i K‡i _v‡K| G welqwU‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
wek¦e¨vsK19 KZ©…K cwiPvwjZ GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ M‡elYvq wb‡gœv³ c`‡¶c `yBwU mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q:
 GKwU ¯^qswµq e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR eë¯’vcbv c×wZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|

 †jb‡`bwfwËK wbqš¿Y c×wZi cwie‡Z© SzuwKwfwËK wbqš¿Y c×wZ MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vbxq I ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y
¯’vbxq I ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM AvKl©‡Yi Rb¨ wb‡gœv³ D‡`¨vM¸‡jv mycvwik Kiv n‡jv:
 GB Lv‡Zi myeY© m¤¢vebv wel‡q m¤¢ve¨ †`kxq wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡ì‡K GB Lv‡Z wewb‡qvM
Ki‡Z DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e| ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZmn Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi m¶g D‡`¨v³v‡ì Kv‡Q G wel‡q AvbyôvwbK cÖ¯Íve
†ck Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 AvKl©Yxq cÖPvicÎ, †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb I wfwWIi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡k GB Lv‡Z wewb‡qv‡Mi myweavw` cÖPvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wf‡qZbvg, B‡›`v‡bwkqv I Px‡bi g‡Zv cÖwZ‡hvMx ißvwbKviK †`k¸‡jvi wecix‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi
Zzjbvg~jK I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK myweavewj we‡kølY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶ (weWv),
evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, ciivóª gš¿Yvjq, Bwcwe, weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb KvDwÝj cÖf…wZi gva¨‡g wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì wbKU †cuŠQv‡Z
n‡e|
 evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq †_‡K GKRb †R¨ô Kg©KZ©v, weWv †_‡K GKRb †R¨ô cÖwZwbwa Ges `yB ev wZbRb †bZ…¯v’ bxq wkí
cÖwZwbwai mgš^‡q wbw`©ó wKQz `vwqZ¡ w`‡q GKwU D”P ch©v‡qi KwgwU MVb Ki‡Z n‡e| `vwqZ¡mg~‡ni g‡a¨ _vK‡e:
wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶Î wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k‡K †e‡Q wb‡Z we`¨gvb GdwWAvB ev †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡Mi †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡K ivwR Kiv‡bv,
Pvgov evwY‡Rï Rb¨ cÖwm× †`k¸‡jv‡Z ågY Ges Pvgov Lv‡Zi eûgyLxKiY‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z m¤¢ve¨ ¯’vbxq
wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡Z wewb‡qvM msµvšÍ mfv I cÖ`k©bx Av‡qvRb|
19
‘Bangladesh Bond Warehouse Regime - Assessment + Recommendations’, Brian J. O'Shea (2015).

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h we‡`wk †ek K‡qKwU eo Pvgov eëmvqx Zv‡ì KviLvbv evsjv‡`‡k ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z AvMÖnx, hviv †Kv‡bv
wkíbM‡i wb‡R‡ì KviLvbv wbg©vY bv K‡i KviLvbv wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ RvqMv PvB‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii
bxwZgvjv mnR I Drmvne¨ÄK n‡Z n‡e| Gme KviLvbv‡K Dchy³ RvqMvq Zv‡ì KviLvbv wbg©v‡Yi AbygwZ †Ìqvi
cvkvcvwk Zviv wek¦e¨vcx ¯^xK…Z cwi‡ek I kÖg msµvšÍ gvb`Ðmg~n †g‡b Pj‡Q wKbv Zv wbwðZ Kivi c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e|
eo eª¨vÛ I cvBKvi‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© ˆZwi Kivi K_v we‡ePbvq †i‡L Ges Pvgov µ‡qi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU evRvi
wn‡m‡e Zz‡j ai‡Z AvšÍR©vwZK †gjv I evwYR¨ cÖwZwbwa`‡j AskMÖnY Kivi ga¨ w`‡q evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav DbœZ Ki‡Z
c`‡¶c †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡ii Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK wba©vwiZ cwi‡ek, mvgvwRK I wbivcËv msµvšÍ
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi gvb`Ðmg~n DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e| LvZwUi AšÍwb©wnZ kw³gËv‡K Zz‡j a‡i mivmwi evRviRvZKi‡Yi cÖPvi mvgMÖx
ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kvw•ÿZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Zi f‚wgKv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY LvZ‡K
AvaywbKvqb Ki‡Z Ges D”PZi KvwiMwi `¶Zv Aej¤^‡bi gva¨‡g LvZwUi m¶gZv `„p Ki‡Z e¨vcK we¯Í…Z c`‡¶c MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e| kÖgkw³i cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZvI D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i evov‡Z n‡e| mycvwikK…Z mKj †¶‡Î Avï
c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv n‡j Avkv Kiv hvq †h D`xqgvb P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv mdjfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY
LvZ h‡_ó `„p I m¤cÖmvwiZ n‡e|
bxwZ mnvqZv
evsjv‡`‡ki ißvwbgyLx Drcv`b cÖew„ ×‡K Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z miKvi GKwU bxwZgvjv MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR I ïé †diZ c×wZ‡Z ißvwbKviKiv ißvwbgyLx Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ me ai‡bi ìKvwi KuvPvgv‡j Avg`vwb
ïé †iqvZ cvq| Z‡e, evwYR¨ bxwZ AviI D`vi Kivi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i Pvgov Lv‡Zi g‡Zv weKvkgvb
LvZ¸‡jv‡Z ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi Abyiƒc D`vixKi‡Yi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| ZvQvov, wkí bxwZ †ek fv‡jvfv‡eB D`vi Kiv
n‡q‡Q| mKj wewb‡qvMKvix‡K GKwUgvÎ †K‡›`ª mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ weWv cÖwZôv Kiv n‡qwQj| Z‡e,
LvZwU‡Z AviI wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cÖwZôvbwUi f‚wgKv AwaKZi kw³kvjx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 evwYR¨ bxwZ mswkøó c`‡¶cmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

 Avg`vwbi wjW UvBg Ges Avg`vwbK…Z Drcv`b DcKi‡Yi LiP Kgv‡Z Pvgov LvZ mswkøó Drcv`b DcKi‡Yi
evwYwR¨K µq-weµq‡K DrmvwnZ I mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 Drcv`b DcKiY cÖ¯‘ZKvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K evsjv‡`‡k Drcv`b‡¶Î cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Drmvn cÖ`vb Kiæb| m¤¢ve¨
ißvwbKviK wn‡m‡e ï‡é Ae¨vnwZ I Qvo cÖ`vb Kiæb, hv‡Z Drcv`b DcKi‡Yi mvgwMÖK LiP n«vm cvq|
 Avg`vwbK…Z Drcv`b DcKiY ïégy³ myweavq µq I eÈ‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii evwYwR¨K A_©‰bwZK
AÂj cÖwZôv Kivi cwiKíbvwU AZ¨šÍ mg‡qvc‡hvMx| GB cwiKíbv ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡j Avg`vwbK…Z Drcv`b
DcKi‡Yi LiP I wjW UvBg n«vm cv‡e|
evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i f‚wgKv kw³kvjx Kiv
m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvix, we‡kl K‡i GdwWAvB ev †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM‡K miKvwi wewfbœ ms¯’vi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kivi cwie‡Z©
†h‡Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvR‡b ïaygvÎ GKwU ms¯’vi Ñ evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i Ñ mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡jB Pj‡e Ggb
eë¯’v hw` M‡o †Zvjv hvq, Z‡e Zv n‡e G ai‡bi wewb‡qvM AvKl©‡Yi †¶‡Î wekvj GKwU c`‡¶c|

bxwZgvjv I AeKvVv‡gv welqK Z_¨vw` wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì wbKU mnRjf¨ Kiv
m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvixiv hv‡Z Zv‡ì cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Kivi c~‡e© mwVK wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ †`‡k
eënvi‡hvM¨ Rwgi Z_¨vw` m¤ú‡K© cÖPvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖPv‡i Rwgi Ae¯’vb, eënvi‡hvM¨ Rwgi cwigvY,
`vwqZ¡cÖvß ms¯’v, G ai‡bi Rwgi cÖavb êwkó¨ I g~j¨ BZ¨vw` Z_¨ _vK‡Z n‡e|
Ki I bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ AwbðqZv
eëmv msµvšÍ AvBb I wewagvjv ˆZwi I ev¯Íevq‡bi †¶‡Î bxwZgvjvq bvbv ai‡bi wbqš¿Yg~jK AwbðqZv i‡q‡Q| †`‡k
D™¢veb I wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î, we‡kl K‡i PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv DcLv‡Z GB AwbðqZv GKwU eo evav wn‡m‡e KvR
K‡i| GKwU w¯’wZkxj eëmvwqK cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z bxwZgvjv, AvBb, I wewaweavbmg~n Pvi wKsev cuvP eQ‡ii Rb¨ wba©viY
Kiv DwPZ| Drcv`b †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cY¨ †µZvi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi cÖwµqv `ªæZ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z Pvgov I cv`yKv wk‡íi Rb¨
GKwU c„_K ïé †K›`ª ¯’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
ißvwb bxwZ
me©‡kl 2015-18 mv‡ji ißvwb bxwZ‡Z evsjv‡`k †_‡K mvgwMÖK ißvwb 2021 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 6,000 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjv‡i
DbœxZ Kivi j¶¨ wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB miKvwi bxwZ‡Z cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ cY¨‡K †`‡ki Rb¨ m‡e©v”P AMÖvwaKvig~jK
LvZ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ¯’vb †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| LvZwUi Rb¨ bxwZ mnvqZvi wKQz D‡jøL‡hvM¨ w`K n‡”Q:
 ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKvi (Bwc‡RW) evB‡i Aew¯’Z ißvwbgyLx KviLvbv¸‡jv Af¨šÍixY evRv‡i m‡e©v”P 20 kZvsk
cY¨ wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, A_©vr †h mKj Pvgov KviLvbv Zv‡ì cÖ¯‘ZK…Z c‡Yï Kgc‡¶ 80 kZvsk ißvwb K‡i,
cÖ‡Yv`bv cvIqvi †¶‡Î †mme KviLvbvI kZfvM ißvwbgyLx KviLvbv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
 wbw`©ó K‡qKwU c‡Yï Rb¨ ißvwb fZ©zwK cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| fZ©zwKi cwigvY n‡e 5 kZvsk †_‡K 15 kZvsk|
 PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwb‡Z bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv 12.50 kZvsk †_‡K e„w× K‡i 15 kZvsk Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv
2016 A_©eQi n‡Z Kvh©Ki i‡q‡Q|
 mvfv‡i ¯’vbvšÍwiZ KviLvbv¸‡jv †_‡K µv÷ Pvgov ißvwb‡Z 5 kZvsk bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|
 ißvwbgyLx wk‡íi Rb¨ mKj ai‡bi KuvPvgvj I hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z ïégy³ myweav|
 Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ wbw`©ó hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z bgbxq k‡Z© ïé myweav|
 Ab¨vb¨ bxwZ mnvqZvi cvkvcvwk Ki AeKvk, ißvwbgyLx Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ KuvPvgvj I hš¿cvwZ Avg`vwb‡Z ïégy³
myweav, e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvD‡Ri gva¨‡g mnvqZv|
 ißvwb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ FYcÎ (†jUvi Ae †µwWU) I Znwe‡ji wecix‡Z 90 kZvsk FY mnvqZv|
 ißvwb FY wbðqZv (G·‡cvU© †µwWU M¨vivw›U) cÖKí|
bM` A_© cÖ‡Yv`bv I Ab¨vb¨ bxwZgvjv msw¶ß mgqKv‡ji Rb¨ nIqvq wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì c‡¶ wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ MÖnY
Kiv gykwKj n‡q c‡o| m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvixiv hv‡Z †R‡b-ey‡S wewb‡qv‡Mi wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i, †mRb¨ bM` A_©
cÖ‡Yv`bv I evwYR¨ bxwZi g‡Zv bxwZgvjv eë¯’v `xN©‡gqv‡` bv n‡jI, AšÍZ cuvP eQ‡ii Rb¨ Kvh©Ki ivL‡Z n‡e|

cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM20 (GdwWAvB)
†h‡nZz we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvixiv êwk¦K evRvi, eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e m¤úwK©Z, ZvB GdwWAvB ißvwb
cÖe„w×i g~j PvweKvwV| Zv‡ì evRvi †_‡K †ei nIqvi myweav i‡q‡Q| myZivs, `ªæZMwZ‡Z ißvwb cÖe„w× evov‡Z GdwWAvB
eo ai‡bi f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
evsjv‡`‡k cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q| mßg cÂevwl©K cwiKíbv Abymv‡i evsjv‡`‡k GdwWAvB‡qi
cwigvY 2020 mv‡ji g‡a¨ e„w× †c‡q 960 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| 2015-16 A_©eQ‡ii 200 †KvwU
gvwK©b Wjvi (†bU) GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni g‡a¨ 163.5 jvL gvwK©b Wjvi (†bU) GdwWAvB Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Z
G‡mwQj| GB cwigvY †gvU GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni 1 kZvs‡kiI Kg21| Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Lv‡Z GdwWAvB cÖevn
mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ e„w× cvw”Qj| 2013-14 A_©eQ‡i GB Lv‡Z GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni cwigvY wQj m‡e©v”P| Z‡e, Gi ci
†_‡K GB Lv‡Z GdwWAvB cÖev‡ni nvi Kg‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki GdwWAvB bxwZgvjv AZ¨šÍ D`vi| GdwWAvB‡qi †¶‡Î we‡`wk cyuwRi cwigvY KZ fvM n‡e Zv wb‡q †Kv‡bv
wewawb‡la †bB| A_©vr, evsjv‡`k miKvi †Kv‡bv cÖK‡í 100 kZvsk ch©šÍ we‡`wk wewb‡qvM Aby‡gv`b K‡i| we‡`wk Drm
n‡Z wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab cy‡ivUvB PvB‡j DwV‡q †bIqv hv‡e| GKBfv‡e, we‡`wk wewb‡qv‡M m„ó gybvdv I jf¨vskI m¤ú~Y©
cwigv‡Y wb‡q hvIqv hv‡e| hw` we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvixiv Zv‡ì AwR©Z jf¨vsk A_ev Avq cybivq wewb‡qvM K‡i Zvn‡j Zv
bZzb wewb‡qvM wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ cv‡e|
g~j K_v n‡”Q, wewfbœ cÖwZK‚jZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I evsjv‡`‡k GdwWAvBwfwËK evwYwR¨K Kvh©µg Pjgvb i‡q‡Q| Gi KviY,
evsjv‡`‡k cY¨ Drcv`b ev evsjv‡`k n‡Z cY¨ µq wewb‡qvMKvix ev †µZv‡ì Rb¨ GLbI jvfRbK| Z‡e, AviI †ewk
AbyK‚j, mwµq I eëmvevÜe cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv †M‡j (we‡kl K‡i D‡ØM m„wóKvix cÖavb mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvavb Kiv †M‡j)
evsjv‡`k n‡Z ißvwbi cwigvY Awej‡¤^ Ges D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× cv‡e|
ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY AÂj (†eRv)
†`‡k GdwWAvB cÖevn e„w×i j¶¨ wb‡q evsjv‡`k miKvi cÖv_wgKfv‡e evsjv‡`k ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv KZ©…c¶
(†ecRv) cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q| GUv mxgve×Zv wb‡q KvR K‡i hvw”Qj| evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g wkí cÖew„ ×
m¤cÖmviY Kivi cwiKíbv MÖn‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q GKwU bZzb w`MšÍ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q| Gme A_©‰bwZK AÂ‡j wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y
Ki‡Z †ekwKQz AvKl©Yxq myweav cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡q‡Q| Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ `yBwU wbw`©ó AÂj eivÏ w`‡Z miKvi B‡Zvg‡a¨
cÖwZkÖæwZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q|
cY¨wfwËK wewb‡qvM we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q, Bwc‡RW¸‡jv‡Z Aew¯’Z 461wU wkíKviLvbvi g‡a¨ ïaygvÎ 33wU Pvgov I
cv`yKv Lv‡Zi| Gme KviLvbvq †gvU 2,429.2 jvL gvwK©b Wjv‡ii wewb‡qvM i‡q‡Q Ges 35,245 Rb kÖwgK I Kg©Pvix
Kg©iZ i‡q‡Qb|
20
evsjv‡`k e¨vsK Pvgov Lv‡Zi GdwWAvB mswkøó Z_¨ I DcvË cy‡iv Lv‡Zi †hvMdj AvKv‡i cÖ`vb K‡iwQj, hv PvgovRvZ cY¨
I cv`yKv Aa¨v‡q GdwWAvB wb‡q Av‡jvPbvq D‡jøwLZ n‡q‡Q| G Kvi‡Y Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY, PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi
Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e cÖK…Z cwigvY Rvbv hvqwb|
21
Drm: Bangladesh Bank. (2016). FDI in Bangladesh, Survey Report. [AbjvBb] msMÖn¯’j:
https://www.bb.org.bd/pub/halfyearly/fdisurvey/fdisurveyjanjun2016.pdf |

bZzb hš¿cvwZ I miÄv‡g A_©vqb
Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×i Rb¨ GKwU D`vi I eëmvevÜe e¨vsK my` KvVv‡gv AZ¨vek¨K| ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq mycvwikK…Z
mgqKv‡ji Rb¨ Ki AeKvk I wbgœ my` nv‡ii g‡Zv bxwZ mnvqZvmn wewfbœ miKvwi mn‡hvwMZv cÖ‡qvRb|
PvgovRvZ †cvkvK DrmvwnZ Kiv
PvgovRvZ †cvkvK I M„nm¾v mvgMÖx Drcv`‡b cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K Drmvn cÖ`vb Kiæb|
2021 mv‡ji wÎevwl©K g~j¨vqb mfvq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki ZvwjKvq DËi‡Yi
Rb¨ mycvwik Kivi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| GB g~j¨vq‡bi avivevwnKZvq 2024 mv‡j evsjv‡`k GjwWwm †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K
AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †ei n‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i| DËi‡Yi ci †`kwU we`¨gvb evRv‡i ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ myweav nviv‡e| 2024
mv‡ji c‡i Pvgov LvZ Kx Kx P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb n‡e Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ AbymÜvb Kvh©µg AwZ `ªæZ ïiæ
Kiv ìKvi| †R‡bfvq Aew¯’Z wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’vq Awej‡¤^ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwbwaZ¡ kw³kvjx Kiv DwPZ Ges ev¯Íeag©x
†KŠkj I Kg©cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv DwPZ|
µgea©gvb cÖe„w× AR©‡bi Rb¨ mswkøó miKvwi ms¯’v I wefv‡Mi f‚wgKvi mgš^q
cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM I †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡Mi Rb¨
 evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶ (weWv): 2018 mv‡j GdwWAvB‡qi Rb¨ Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| Iqvb
÷c mvwf©m cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †ek K‡qKwU Kg©c×wZ ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk wewfbœ ms¯’v I wefv‡Mi mv‡_
mg‡SvZv ¯§viK ¯^v¶i Kiv n‡q‡Q| AvBb Abyhvqx Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m mywbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ Pvjy ivL‡Z n‡e| †mev cÖ`vb
I wb®úwË cÖwµqv mnR Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mywbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| mvg‡bi mvwii eª¨vÛ I LyPiv
we‡µZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Ki‡Z eëmvqx msMVb I D‡`¨v³v‡ì mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q weWv‡K mywbw`©ó Kg©m~wP‡Z
†bZ…Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e| GdwWAvB AvKl©Y Ki‡Z AwfÁZv wewbgq Kg©m~wP, åvg¨gvY cÖ`k©bx Ges †gjvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z
n‡e| Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m mdjfv‡e ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z weWv‡K Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m AvBb KvVv‡gvi Aax‡b RvZxq ivR¯^
†evW©, †hŠ_g~jab †Kv¤úvwb I dvg©mg~‡ni cwi`ßi Ges Avg`vwb I ißvwb cÖavb wbqš¿‡Ki `ß‡ii mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e
KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| m¤ú~Y© ¯^qswµq c×wZ‡Z I wbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ †mev cÖ`vb Kiv Riæwi|
 evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶ (†eRv): GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM mnR Ki‡Z †eRvi DwPZ `ªæZ Iqvb ÷c
mvwf©m‡K Kg©ÿg K‡i †Zvjv Ges GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM AvKl©Y Ki‡Z mKj cÖwµqv mnR Kiv|
 RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW© (GbweAvi): GbweAv‡ii DwPZ ïé myweav mnR Kiv Ges Ki, ïé Ki, g~mK I Ab¨vb¨ ï‡éi
c~e©vbygvb w¯’i ivLv|
 evsjv‡`k e¨vsK: evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki DwPZ GdwWAvBevÜe bxwZgvjv cÖYqb Kiv Ges we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvix I †hŠ_
D‡`¨v‡Mi Rb¨ AmyweavRbK evavmg~n `~i Kiv|
 cwi‡ek Awa`ßi: cwi‡ek Awa`ßi‡K mKj GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡Mi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ QvocÎ Rvwi
Ki‡Z n‡e|

 ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv (Bwcwe): GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z Bwcwe‡K GKwU †K›`ª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|
GQvov, GdwWAvB g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z GKwU evRvi M‡elYv †K›`ª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|
 we‡`‡k evsjv‡`wk `~Zvevm: eª¨vÛ, LyPiv we‡µZv I m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb Ki‡Z ißvwbKviK‡ì
we‡`‡k evsjv‡`wk `~Zvevm¸‡jv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM mswkøó ms¯’v¸‡jvi mv‡_I wbqwgZ
†hvMv‡hvM ivL‡Z n‡e|
 †bŠcwienb gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b mKj ¯’j I mgy`ªe›ì Ges †emvgwiK wegvb I ch©Ub gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b mKj
wegvbe›ì: wjW UvBg n«vm Ki‡Z n‡j mgy`ªe›ì I wegvbe›`‡i m„ó mKj `xN©m~wÎZv †hŠw³K I mnbxq Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kgcøv‡qÝ c~i‡Yi Rb¨
 cwi‡ek Awa`ßi: ißvwbi Rb¨ cuvP Kg©wè‡mi g‡a¨ Aby‡gv`b cÖwµqv wbwðZ Ki‡Z cwi‡ek Awa`ß‡ii Aax‡b
GKwU c„_K †K›`ª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jvi mv‡_ civgk©µ‡g Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ GKwU Kgcøv‡qÝ
†K›`ª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| cwi‡ek Awa`ß‡ii Aby‡gv`b wbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s BÝwUwUDkb (weGmwUAvB): weGmwUAvB‡K Pvgov Lv‡Zi mKj cwigvc‡K mb`cÎ
cÖ`vb Kivi m¶gZv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| mb`c‡Îi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b cÖwµqv mywbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e|
 evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †evW© (weGwe): evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †evW© †emiKvwi mb`cÎ cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi weKvk‡K
mnRZi Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ì‡K mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi AR©‡b mnvqZv Ki‡e|
 †cŠimfv Ges ¯’vbxq miKvi, cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq (GjwRAviwW) gš¿Yvjq: ¯’vbxq miKvi‡K mKj kn‡i KmvBLvbv
cÖwZôv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| KmvBLvbv¸‡jv‡Z cï RevB‡qi e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi wb‡`©kbv _vK‡Z n‡e| ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii
Aaxb cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni gva¨‡g m‡PZbZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cÖvwYm¤ú` Awa`ßi (grm¨ I cÖvwYm¤ú` gš¿Yvjq): cÖvwYm¤ú` Awa`ßi‡K Pvgov mbv³KiY mÿgZvi mKj
cwigvc‡Ki AbyMvgx †_‡K Mevw`cïi Kgcøv‡q›U I mvm‡UB‡bej e„w× wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 evsjv‡`k ¶z`ª I KzwUi wkí Ki‡cv‡ikb (wewmK): wewmK‡K wmBwUwci gvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí
bMixi wmBwUwc cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKwU AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi cÖwZôvb‡K wbhy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i Rb¨
 evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq: Bwcwe, weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb KvDwÝj (wewcwm), eëmvqx msMVb, RvZxq `¶Zv Dbœqb KZ©…c¶mn
Ab¨vb¨ LvZwfwËK `¶Zv Dbœqb KvDwÝj kw³kvjxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq‡K †`‡k `¶Zvi ¯Íi, cÖhyw³ I
Drcv`bkxjZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|
 weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb KvDwÝj (wewcwm): wewfbœ ißvwbgyLx Lv‡Zi Dbœq‡b Ges Pvgov I mswkøó LvZ‡K we‡kl ¸iæZ¡
cÖ`vb Ki‡Z evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Aaxb wewcwm‡K m¤ú~Y© m¶gZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wkí gš¿Yvjq: wkí gš¿Yvjq‡K weGwe I weGmwUAvB‡qi m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Zviv mKj cwigvcK
cix¶v Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges cvkvcvwk †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi mb`cÎ cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’v¸‡jv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wk¶v gš¿Yvjq: kÖwgK I eë¯’vcbv wel‡q ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡i wkí LvZ I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM
wbwðZ Ki‡Z wk¶v gš¿Yvjq‡K GKwU †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| wk¶K‡ì gvb, wk¶v`vb c×wZ I
cvV¨m~wPi DciI †Rvi w`‡Z n‡e|

Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLvZ
mvims‡¶c
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb cÖv_wgKfv‡e Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLvZ †_‡K ïiæ n‡qwQj| we‡k¦i 1.3-1.8 kZvsk
Mevw`cï Ges 3.7 kZvsk QvM‡ji PviYf‚wg GB evsjv‡`k| evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU ißvwb‡Z Pvgov Lv‡Zi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ae`vb
i‡q‡Q| g~j¨ ms‡hvRb evov‡Z cÖwµqvRvZ Pvgov †_‡K P‚ovšÍ PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡b †h‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZz Dfq LvZB
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© LvZ, ZvB av‡c av‡c GB iƒcvšÍi NUv‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLvZ I PvgovRvZ cY¨
DcLv‡Zi mswkøó eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jvi wecixZgyLx `„wófw½ i‡q‡Q| ZvB Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLvZ‡K AviI K‡qK eQ‡ii Rb¨ AšÍf©z³ ivL‡Z n‡e|
evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖe„w× a‡i ivL‡Z †`kwU‡Z ch©vß cwigv‡Y KuvPvgv‡ji mieivn i‡q‡Q| wPÎ 1 I wPÎ 2 G
welqwU Zz‡j ai‡Q| evsjv‡`k U¨vbvm© G¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi g‡Z †`‡k Pvgov I Qvj †_‡K Drcvw`Z Pvgov cÖvc¨Zvi cwigvY
3,125 jvL eM©dzU| GQvov, 5 †KvwU eM©dzU w¯úøU PvgovI Drcvw`Z nq, hvi eo GKwU AskB ißvwb n‡q _v‡K|
Ab¨vb¨
ZvBIqvb 7%
nsKs
1%
28%
wf‡qZbvg
4%
†Kvwiqv
5%
†¯úb
6%
fviZ
6%
Pxb
Rvcvb
24%
6%
BZvwj
13%
wPÎ 1: evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ ißvwb evRvi (2015) Drm: ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv

25 23.1
19.4
20
17.5
15 13.7
10.1
10.3
10 7.7
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
wPÎ 2: evsjv‡`k n‡Z Ab¨vb¨ cïi Pvgov ißvwb (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi)
evsjv‡`k †_‡K Mevw`cïi Pvgovi †gvU ißvwbi 60 kZvs‡ki †ewk n‡q _v‡K ïaygvÎ †Kvwiqv, nsKs I Px‡b| evsjv‡`k
Gme †`‡k †ewki fvM Mevw`cïi Pvgov µv÷ Pvgov22 AvKv‡i ißvwb K‡i _v‡K| µv÷ Pvgov AwaK g~j¨ ms‡hvRbKvix
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡b eëüZ n‡q _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki ïaygvÎ K‡qKwU evQvBK…Z KviLvbv BZvwj I †¯ú‡b D”Pgvb
m¤úbœ Pvgov ißvwb K‡i _v‡K| GB `yBwU †`k D”P g~j¨ ms‡hvRbKvix cY¨ Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| †`‡ki †gvU Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbvi 90 kZvs‡ki †ewk nvRvixev‡Mi evB‡i Aew¯’Z, hvi msL¨v cÖvq 220wU23| Gme KviLvbvi
g‡a¨ 113wU Pvjy i‡q‡Q| G‡ì cÖvq 65 kZvs‡ki µv÷ Pvgov ch©šÍ Drcv`‡bi m¶gZv i‡q‡Q| GUv cÖZxqgvb †h Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY wk‡í ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wkí Lv‡Zi AvwacZ¨ i‡q‡Q| wewUG KZ©…K cwiPvwjZ GK mgx¶vq †`Lv †M‡Q, GB
Lv‡Z cwiPvjbviZ 57.89 kZvsk KviLvbvB e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb, 32.33 kZvsk wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwb Ges 4 kZvs‡ki
cyuwRevRv‡i Kvh©µg i‡q‡Q|
2015 mv‡j evsjv‡`k n‡Z Mevw`cïi Pvgov ißvwbi cwigv‡Yi mv‡_ Mevw`cïi Pvgovi êwk¦K Avg`vwbi cwigvY Zzjbv
Ki‡j †`Lv hvq, evsjv‡`k †_‡K ißvwbi cwigvY êwk¦K Avg`vwbi 1 kZvs‡ki †P‡q Kg| Mevw`cïi Pvgovi g‡Zv
evsjv‡`k †_‡K Ab¨vb¨ cïi Pvgov ißvwb 2009 mvj †_‡K e„w× cv‡”Q, hvi †hŠwMK evwl©K cÖe„w× nvi MZ Qq eQi a‡i
10 kZvsk| evsjv‡`k n‡Z Ab¨vb¨ cïi (mvc, Kzwgi, nwiY, DU, BZ¨vw`) µv÷ Pvgov ißvwbi AwaKvsk Ñ 60 kZvs‡ki
†ewk Ñ n‡q _v‡K nsKs, BZvwj I Rvcv‡b| AvMvgx cuvP eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`b I ißvwbi
cwigvY e„w× cv‡e e‡j aviYv Kiv n‡”Q| g~j¨ ms‡hvRb cY¨ ißvwb‡Z GB e„w×i Kvi‡Y wdwbkW Pvgovi Pvwn`v e„w× cv‡e|
hw` Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z mdjfv‡e ¯’vbvšÍwiZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges wdwbkW Pvgov
Drcv`b Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j Zviv PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi GB Pvwn`v A‡bKvs‡k †gUv‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e,
22 µv÷ ej‡Z GLv‡b †Kv‡bv ai‡bi AwZwi³ wdwbwks QvovB cÖwµqvRvZK…Z Pvgov‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †¶Îwe‡k‡l, µv÷ Pvgov
AwbwðZfv‡e GB iƒc MÖnY K‡i|
23
Manzur, S.N. (n.d.). Challenges facing the Bangladesh leather industry. 118 SLTC conference. LFMEAB.
[Online].

KviLvbv¸‡jvi cÖ‡Póv m‡Ë¡I, PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`bKvix‡ì wdwbkW Pvgovi Rb¨ Avg`vwbi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z
n‡Z cv‡i| Gi KviY, wbKU fwel¨‡Z wdwbkW Pvgovi µgea©gvb Pvwn`v ¯’vbxq Drcv`‡bi gva¨‡g †gUv‡bv m¤¢e nIqvi
m¤¢vebv ¶xY|
2013-14 mvj n‡Z Pvgov ißvwb n«vm cv‡”Q| Gi `yBwU KviY n‡Z cv‡i: (1) nvRvixevM †_‡K mvfv‡i ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z
ejvq KviLvbv¸‡jv eÜ K‡i †Ìqv n‡qwQj Ges (2) Pvgov ißvwbi Kgcøv‡q›U gvb`Ð AbymiY Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q
evsjv‡`k|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi cÖe„w× cÖavbZ PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi cÖe„w×i DciB wbf©i Ki‡Q| Awej‡¤^
Kgcøv‡qÝ m¤úwK©Z welq¸‡jvi myivnv Kiv †M‡jB †Kej Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY I wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b cÖe„w× AR©b
m¤¢e n‡e| eZ©gv‡b DcLvZwUi Rb¨ GUvB me‡P‡q eo P¨v‡jÄ| cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, mvgvwRK I wbivcËvRwbZ
Kgcøv‡qÝ mswkøó mKj ai‡bi AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`‡Ði Dci GB DcLv‡Zi cÖe„w× wbf©i Ki‡Q|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi mywbw`©ó P¨v‡jÄmg~n

mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi eë¯’vcbv QvovI Pvgov Lv‡Z evsjv‡`k‡K wfbœ wKQz P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡e| Pvgov
cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv †hme P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb Zvi K‡qKwU wb‡P ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
mviwY 5: Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n

aib P¨v‡jÄ weeiY
Kgcøv‡qÝ KuvPv Pvgov µq, we‡kl K‡i kni I MÖvg †_‡K 40-50 kZvsk KuvPv Pvgov I Qvj C`yj
C`yj Avhnvi mg‡q Avhnvi mg‡q msMÖn Kiv n‡q _v‡K| MÖvgvÂ‡j KuvPv Pvgov
i¶Yv‡e¶Y I msi¶Y Kiv KwVb| ga¨¯^Z¡‡fvMxiv ¯^vfvweK
g~j¨ wba©vi‡Y e¨vNvZ NUvq, d‡j cy‡iv mvcøvB †PB‡b wek„•Lj
cwiw¯’wZi m„wó nq|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY †ewki fvM KviLvbvB cwi‡ekMZ wewagvjv, Ges †ckvMZ
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z cwi‡ekMZ wbivcËv I ¯^v¯’¨ mswkøó gvb`Ð¸‡jv †g‡b P‡j bv| d‡j
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi NvUwZ AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i Pvgov I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm
cvq|
†`‡k Drcvw`Z Pvgovi XvKv Pvgovwkí bMixi Am¤ú~Y© Avbylw½K AeKvVv‡gvi Kvi‡Y
†Uª‡mwewjwUi `ye©jZv Pvgovi mbv³KiY mÿgZv ev †Uª‡mwewjwU h_vh_ n‡”Q bv|
G‡Z †`‡ki fveg~wZ© ¶zYœ n‡”Q Ges ¯’vbxq Pvgov Øviv Drcvw`Z
PvgovRvZ c‡Yï MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv n«vm cv‡”Q|
AwZwi³ nv‡i ivmvqwbK Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z eëüZ ivmvqwb‡Ki
eënvi cwigvY AvšÍRv© wZK gvb`‡Ði †P‡q A‡bK †ewk| GQvov
wdwbkW Pvgovq ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï Dcw¯’wZi cwimxgv BD‡ivcxq
BDwbq‡bi wiP (ivmvqwbK `ªe¨vwì wbeÜb, g~j¨vqb, Aby‡gv`b
I wewawb‡la) gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ G‡Kev‡iB m½wZc~Y© bq|

†fŠZ cï RevB‡qi Rb¨ wbgœgv‡bi cï RevB‡qi eZ©gvb AeKvVv‡gvi eë¯’vcbv AZ¨šÍ ev‡R|
AeKvVv‡gv AeKvVv‡gv GiKg AeKvVv‡gv‡Z cïi Pvgov I Qvj wb‡q A¯^v¯’¨Ki I
A‰eÁvwbK Dcv‡q KvR Kiv nq| Gi d‡j Pvgovi g~j¨ K‡g
hvq| C‡ì mg‡q GKwU eo msL¨K cï Avav`¶ KmvB‡ì
gva¨‡g RevB Kiv‡bv nq| d‡j Pvgov I Qv‡ji h‡_ó ¶wZ
nq|
†K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡ii mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡i ˆ`wbK
Ach©vß m¶gZv 25,000 NbdzU Zij eR©¨ cwi‡kvab Kiv hvq| Gi d‡j
Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z Pvgov Drcv`‡bi cwigvY‡K mxwgZ ivL‡Z
nq| Z‡e, kxNªB Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Pvwn`v †e‡o GB mÿgZv‡K
Qvwo‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZLb m¤¢eZ mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi
g‡Zv Av‡iKwU Pvgovwkí bMix wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e A_ev eo eo
†hme KviLvbvi GKKfv‡e m¶gZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨vb¨
RvqMvq ¯’vbvšÍ‡i DrmvwnZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e, †m‡¶‡Î
cwi‡ek Awa`ßi wba©vwiZ cwi‡ek eë¯’vcbvi gvb`Ð wbwðZ
Ki‡Z n‡e|
cvwbi A`ÿ eënvi eënv‡ii cwigv‡Yi wfwË‡Z cvwbi g~j¨ wba©vwiZ bv nIqvq
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z cvwbi AcÖ‡qvRbx eënvi n‡q _v‡K| Gi d‡j
Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡i e¨vcK nv‡i Zij eR©¨ Rgv nq|
†kvabvMv‡ii AZ¨waK Zij eR©¨ cwi‡kvab Kivi m¶gZv †bB|
†Kvì †PBb msi¶Y Pvgov I Qv‡ji Rb¨ †Kv‡bv †Kvì †PBb eë¯’v †bB|
Acwi‡kvwaZ Pvgov I Qvj c‡P hvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K e‡j
KviLvbv¸‡jvi KuvPvgv‡ji ¸YMZ gvb K‡g hvq|
eR©¨ wbM©gb ev cybe©ënvi eR©¨ wbM©gb ev cybe©ënvi Kivi eë¯’v I myweav bv _vKvq D”P
gvÎvi `~lY m„wó nq Ges KuvPvgv‡ji AcPq nq, hv jvfRbK
cY¨ ˆZwi‡Z eënvi Kiv †hZ|
A_©vqb mxwgZ A_©vqb myweav GLbI †ekwKQz KviLvbv mvfv‡i Rwg eivÏ cvqwb| G Kvi‡Y
¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ Zviv A_©vq‡bi Av‡e`bI Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv|
nvRvixevM †_‡K mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z KviLvbv¸‡jvi
¯’vbvšÍi GKwU e¨qeûj Kg©hÁ| mKj KviLvbv ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii Rb¨
†gvU LiP aiv n‡q‡Q 86.2 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi (evsjv‡`wk
gy`ªvq AvbygvwbK 7,000 †KvwU UvKv)|
cÖhyw³ D”P g~‡jï Pvgov Drcv`‡bi ¶z`ª I gvSvwi ai‡bi KviLvbv¸‡jv AvaywbK miÄvg I
Rb¨ ìKvwi hš¿cvwZ I cÖhyw³ hš¿cvwZi e¨q enb Ki‡Z m¶g bq| Gme AvaywbK miÄvg I
µq I eënv‡i ¶z`ª I gvSvwi hš¿cvwZ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì Áv‡biI Afve i‡q‡Q| D”Pg~‡jï
wk‡íi A¶gZv Pvgov Drcv`b Ki‡Z G¸‡jv ìKvi nq|
evsjv‡`‡ki mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekZM mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s‡qi Rb¨ cÖ_gZ mswkøó mwgwZ¸‡jvi
eª¨vwÛs Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi Rb¨ Z_¨MZ mÿgZv e„w× Kiv| Zvici G‡K cÖwZôvb ch©v‡q wb‡q hvIqv
¯^”QZv Ges RvZxq ch©v‡qi we‡klÁ‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì mÿgZvI e„w×
Kiv| Gfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s Pvgov wk‡íi
Rb¨ cÖ_vq cwiYZ n‡e|

P¨v‡jÄmg~n †_‡KB †evSv hvq Zv †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z †Kvb †Kvb c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó c`‡¶c

†h mywbw`©ó c`‡¶cmg~n mycvwik Kiv n‡jv Zv wb¤œiƒc:
mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi Kvh©Ki eë¯’vcbv
evsjv‡`‡ki cy‡iv Pvgov Lv‡Zi `ªæZ Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix ¸iæZ¡cY~ ©| G Kvi‡Y, mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí
bMixi Kvh©Ki eë¯’vcbvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi fwel¨r fveg~wZ© Ñ we‡kl K‡i we‡`wk †µZv I AwZw_‡ì
Kv‡Q Ñ wbf©i Ki‡e mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix KZUv Kvh©Kifv‡e eë¯’vcbv Kiv n‡”Q Zvi Dci| hv †nvK,
AMÖvwaKviwfwË‡Z wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e:
 †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡ii (wmBwUwc) Kvh©Ki cwiPvjbv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Avjv`vfv‡e cÖwZwU KviLvbv †_‡K Zij
eR©¨ wbM©gb wbqš¿Y Kiv n‡”Q bv|
 †µvwgqvg Avjv`v Kivi BDwbU Kvh©Ki bq| d‡j †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMv‡i cÖevwnZ Zij e‡R©ï wgkÖ‡Y cÖfve
c‡o Ges Gi d‡j wmBwUwci Kvh©µ‡g e¨vNvZ N‡U|
 mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z KwVb eR©¨ eë¯’vcbvi my¯úó †Kv‡bv c×wZ †bB|
 wmBwUwc I mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix `xN©‡gqv‡` cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi †Kv‡bv my¯úó cwiKíbv †bB|
 weUzwgb wbwg©Z iv¯Ív GLbI ˆZwi Kiv nqwb| K‡qKwU As‡k GLbI M¨vm, we`y¨r I cvwbi mieivn †bB|
Gme mxgve×Zv _vKv m‡Ë¡I, KviLvbv¸‡jv Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z ¯’vbvšÍi cÖwµqv ïiæ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ 35wU
KviLvbv B‡Zvg‡a¨ KuvPvgvj †_‡K I‡qU eøy Pvgov ˆZwii Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb e„w× Ki‡Z
mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi ¸iæZ¡ we‡ePbvq wb‡q ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq wbgœwjwLZ n¯Í‡¶ç‡jv mycvwik Kiv n‡jv:
 wmBwUwci `ÿ cwiPvjbv I eë¯’vcbv: mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi Ab¨Zg cÖavb Ask n‡”Q †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨
†kvabvMvi (wmBwUwc)| wmBwUwc `xN©‡gqv‡` cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 KviLvbv n‡Z Zij eR©¨ wbM©gb wbqš¿Y: wmBwUwci Zij eR©¨ wbM©gb msµvšÍ cwigvcK m¤ú‡K© mwVK †evSvcov
_vK‡Z n‡e| wmBwUwc‡Z Kx cwigvY Zij eR©¨ wbM©gb Kiv hv‡e Zv Dc‡i eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, Zij e‡R©ï
¸YMZ gvbI mgvbfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| mywbw`©ó ivmvqwbK DcKiY I †hŠM cÖwµqvKiY Kivi Dc‡hvMx K‡i wmBwUwci
cÖwµqv MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi evB‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv DcKiY ev †hŠM wmBwUwc‡Z wbM©gb Kiv n‡j Zv wmBwUwci Zij
eR©¨ cwi‡kvab Kivi m¶gZv Kwg‡q †`‡e|
 KwVb e‡R©ï `ÿ eë¯’vcbv: mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z Avek¨K cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi kZ©vw` c~iY
Ki‡Z KwVb e‡R©ï `ÿ wbM©gb AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| ißvwb iƒc‡iLvwU‡Z KwVb eR©¨ I wmBwUwci K`©g eR©¨ †_‡K we`y¨r
Drcv`b eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kivi mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov, KwVb eR©¨ n‡Z jvfRbK DcRvZ cY¨ ˆZwi Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i|

KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji gv‡bvbœqb
D”Pvwfjvlx ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z AwZwi³ Pvgovi cÖ‡qvRb| †h‡nZz Pvgov I Qvj n‡”Q gvsm wk‡íi DcRvZ, ZvB
gvsm µ‡qi cwigvY e„w× bv K‡i Pvgov I Qv‡ji cÖvc¨Zv e„w× Kiv hv‡e bv| ¯^í ev ga¨ †gqv‡` †`‡k Pvgov I Qvj
mieiv‡ni cwigvY evovi m¤¢vebv †bB ej‡jB P‡j| Z‡e, evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji gvb DbœZ Kivi
h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q|
wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi
µv÷ Pvgov †_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡b †h‡Z Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z hš¿cvwZ I miÄv‡g e¨vcK
cwigvY wewb‡qvM ìKvi| A‡bK ¶z`ª I gvSvwi KviLvbvi c‡ÿ GB wewb‡qvM Avw_©Kfv‡e jvfRbK bq| KviY, bZzb
hš¿cvwZi mvaviYZ †h cwigvY m¶gZv _v‡K Zv †_‡K †mme KviLvbvi Drcv`‡bi m¶gZv A‡bK Kg| µv÷ Pvgov
†_‡K wdwbkW Pvgov Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ GKwU Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi (wmGdwm) cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| KviLvbv¸‡jv GB
†K›`ªwU fvMvfvwM K‡i eënvi Ki‡e| A‡bK Dbœqbkxj †`‡k Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qB G ai‡bi Kgb d¨vwmwjwU
†m›Uvi wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| wmGdwm cÖwZwU KviLvbvi Avw_©K †evSv Kgv‡e| cvkvcvwk bZzb cÖwµqv I hš¿cvwZ wel‡q
Kg©Pvix‡ì cÖwk¶Y eve` KviLvbv¸‡jvi †h e¨q n‡Zv, ZvI n«vm Ki‡e wmGdwm|

PvgovRvZ cY¨ DcLvZ
evsjv‡`k n‡Z iKgvwi PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i MZ wZb eQ‡i GB e„w× N‡U|
PvgovRvZ iKgvwi c‡Yï g‡a¨ me †_‡K †ewk ißvwb n‡q _v‡K nvZe¨vM| Gi c‡ii Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q nvZ‡gvRv I `¯Ívbv,
†eë BZ¨vw` Ges PvgovRvZ †QvULvU mvgMÖx| e¯‘Z nvZe¨vM Ges nvZ‡gvRv I `¯Ívbv ißvwb 2011-12 †_‡K 2015-16
A_©eQ‡ii g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i e„w× †c‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b cÖvq 100wU ¶z`ª †_‡K gvSvwi AvKv‡ii KviLvbv Gme PvgovRvZ
cY¨ Drcv`b Ki‡Q24| Gi GKwU Ask evsjv‡`‡ki Avf¨šÍixY evRv‡i cY¨ mieivn K‡i _v‡K Ges Aci AskwU
AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i ißvwb Ki‡Q25|
wb‡Pi mviwY †_‡K GUv cwi®‹vi †h GB †kÖwY‡Z ißvwbi cÖavb cY¨¸‡jv n‡”Q Pvgovi mvgMÖx, nvZ‡gvRv ev `¯Ívbv, Ges
†eë|
mviwY 6: evsjv‡`k n‡Z PvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwb (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi)*

GBPGm
weeiY 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 wmGwRAvi
†KvW
4201 m¨v‡Wjvwi, nvi‡bm 0 0 0 0 0 cÖ‡hvR¨ bq
4202 PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ñ nvZe¨vM,
UªvsK, myU‡Km, BZ¨vw` 2.8 4.3 6.6 11.5 17.2 58%
4203 nvZ‡gvRv I `¯Ívbv 3.4 6.7 6.9 6.1 17.3 51%
4205 Pvgovi ˆZwi Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx 3.8 5.2 10.6 7.3 4.3 3%
4206 bvwofzuwo w`‡q ˆZwi mvgMÖx 0 0 0 0 0 cÖ‡hvR¨ bq
†gvU (PvgoRvZ cY¨) 9.9 16.2 24 24.9 38.8 41%
* Drm: evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv|
24 Paul, Hira & Antunes, Paula & Covington, Anthony & Evans, P & Phillips, P.S. (2013). Bangladeshi Leather
Industry: An Overview of Recent Sustainable Developments. Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists.
97. 25-32.
25
Af¨šÍixY I AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i cY¨ mieivnKvix KviLvbvi cÖK…Z msL¨v Rvbv hvqwb|

PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cv`yKv DcLvZ
2016 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k cv`yKv Drcv`‡bi †gvU cwigvY wQj 39 †KvwU 90 jvL †Rvov| †m eQi evsjv‡`k we‡k¦ mßg
m‡e©v”P cv`yKv Drcv`bKvix †`‡k cwiYZ nq| Z‡e, evsjv‡`‡k cv`yKv µ‡qi cwigvY 37 †KvwU 50 jvL †Rvov, hv LyeB
Kg| cv`yKv µ‡qi w`K †_‡K we‡k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki Ae¯’vb 12Zg| 2014 mv‡j †`kwU n‡Z PvgovRvZ cv`yKv ißvwbi
cwigvY wQj 3 †KvwU 70 jvL †Rvov Ges 2015 mv‡j GB cwigvY ùvovq 4 †KvwU 80 jv‡L| wek¦ cv`yKv el©cwÄ 2015
Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k †_‡K mKj ai‡bi cv`yKv ißvwbi g‡a¨ PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi cwigvY wQj cÖvq 48 kZvsk| Af¨šÍixY
evRv‡i wewµZ cv`yKvi eo AskB ivevi A_ev Kvco RvZxq Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZwi| G‡¶‡Î PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi eënvi
A‡bK Kg| Af¨šÍixY evRvi m¤ú‡K© mwVK Z_¨-DcvË mnRjf¨ bq| Z‡e †`‡ki RbmsL¨v Ges Zv‡ì DË‡ivËi DbœwZi
K_v we‡ePbv K‡i ejv hvq, Af¨šÍixY evRv‡i mKj ai‡bi PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi Pvwn`v wbKU fwel¨‡Z D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigv‡Y
e„w× cvIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q|
XvKv I XvKvi Av‡kcv‡k cv`yKv ißvwbKviK cÖwZôv‡bi cÖvq 2,500wU KviLvbv i‡q‡Q| G‡ì g‡a¨ 30wU eo AvKv‡ii
ißvwbKviK| GB Lv‡Z cÖvq 1 jvL 80 nvRvi †jvK KvR K‡ib, hvi g‡a¨ 70 kZvskB bvix| Avigvwb, e¨vm, û‡Mv em,
wU¤^vij¨vÛ Ges nvk cvwcmmn we‡k¦i A‡bK bvwg`vwg eª¨vÛ evsjv‡`k †_‡K Zv‡ì cY¨ wb‡q _v‡K|
evsjv‡`k †_‡K ißvwb Kiv cv`yKvi g‡a¨ A¨v¼j eyUmn PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi cwigvY me‡P‡q †ewk| 2015-16 A_©eQ‡i
Gi cwigvY wQj †gvU cv`yKv ißvwbi 80 kZvsk| Z‡e †Ljvayjvi cv`yKv ißvwbI e„w× cv‡”Q| 2012-13 A_©eQ‡ii 14
kZvsk †_‡K e„w× †c‡q 2015-16 A_©eQ‡i Gi cwigvY ùvovq cÖvq 20 kZvs‡k| G †_‡K ¯úó †h Pvgovi DcwifvMhy³
†Ljvayjvi cv`yKv Drcv`b I ißvwb `ªæZ e„w× cv‡”Q| we‡k¦i bvwg`vwg eª¨vÛ¸‡jv Gme cv`yKv ˆZwi K‡i e‡j G¸‡jv ißvwbi
mg~n m¤¢vebv weivRgvb| gvb I g~j¨ m¤ú‡K© eª¨vÛ¸‡jvi mš‘wó AR©b Kiv †M‡j evsjv‡`k †_‡K Zv‡ì µ‡qi cwigvY
e„w× cv‡e|
60
49.8
50
40.5
40
30.2
30
23.3
20 17.2
14.1
10
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
wPÎ 3: evsjv‡`k n‡Z cv`yKv ißvwb, 2010-2015 (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi)

evsjv‡`‡ki ißvwb cÖeYZv êwk¦K ißvwb cÖeYZvi Abyiƒc| 2009 mvj †_‡K 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ ißvwb e„w× †c‡q‡Q Ges
G mgqKv‡j †hŠwMK evwl©K cÖe„w×i nvi wQj 4 kZvsk (wPÎ 4-5 `ªóe¨)| cv`yKvi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P wZb Avg`vwbKviK †`k
n‡”Q hy³ivóª, Rvg©vwb I hy³ivR¨| evsjv‡`k B‡Zvg‡a¨ Gme †`‡k ißvwb ïiæ K‡i‡Q|
7000
5932.2
6000 5683.7 5444.9
5455.1 5392.8
4914.2
5000 4378.3
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
wPÎ 4: êwk¦K cv`yKv ißvwb, 2009-2015 (†KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi) Drm: †UªWg¨vc
Pxb, 3% Rvcvb, 2%
†ejwRqvg, 3% hy³ivóª, 25%
†b`vij¨vÛ, 4%
nsKs, Pxb, 5%
BZvwj, 5%
d«vÝ, 6%
Rvg©vwb, 8%
hy³ivR¨, 7%
wPÎ 5: cv`yKvi Rb¨ me©e„nr 10 ißvwb evRvi (2015) Drm: †UªWg¨vc

†ek AvMÖ‡nvÏxcK NUbv n‡jv, 2016-17 A_©eQ‡ii cÖ_g `yB gv‡m Pvgov ißvwb wKQzUv n«vm †c‡jI cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ
Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx Zv‡ì ißvwb cÖe„w× a‡i †i‡LwQj| †h mKj KviLvbv ißvwbi Rb¨ cv`yKv Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K Zv‡ì g‡a¨
GKwU eo cv`yKv Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvb Qvov Avi †Kv‡bvwU GLbI Af¨šÍixY evRv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡iwb| G ai‡bi êcixZ¨
A‡bK Dbœqbkxj †`‡kB i‡q‡Q| Gi KviY n‡”Q ißvwbgyLx Drcv`‡b †ekwKQz we‡kl cÖ‡Yv`bv I e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvD‡Ri
gva¨‡g ïégy³ Avg`vwb myweavi g‡Zv evwYR¨ msµvšÍ bxwZ mnvqZv i‡q‡Q| GKB mv‡_, Af¨šÍixY evRvi mvaviYZ g~j¨
ms‡e`bkxj Ges bZzb bKkvi †Zgb †Kv‡bv Pvwn`v GLv‡b †bB|
wKQz evwqs nvDR I we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvixi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv Rvbv †M‡Q, BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb, Rvcvb, A‡÷ªwjqv I
wbDwRj¨vÛmn cÖavb cÖavb evRv‡i AMÖvwaKvig~jK evRvi myweavB (wRGmwc) G‡`‡k Zv‡ì e¨vcK Dcw¯’wZi cÖavb KviY|
evRvi †KŠkj
eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ mvgMÖx ißvwbKviK‡ì mivmwi evRviRvZ Ki‡Z nq bv| eª¨vÛ gvwjKiv I evwqs
nvDR¸‡jv Gme KviLvbvq Zv‡ì cY¨ Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K| Z‡e eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k mwµq we‡`wk †µZviv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
†`‡k LiP Kg †c‡j †mLv‡b P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y Dbœq‡bi GB ch©v‡q D™¢‚Z †h‡Kv‡bv P¨v‡jÄ hv‡Z †`‡ki Pvgov
wkí †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ wbR¯^ kw³gËv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡¶‡Î LvZwUi Dbœq‡bi wVK cÖ_g ch©vq †_‡KB Gme KviLvbvi wbR¯^ evRviRvZKiY `¶Zv I †KŠkj DbœZ Ki‡Z
n‡e| cvkvcvwk, ¯’vbxq ev we‡`wk bKkvKv‡ii gva¨‡g wbR¯^ cÖ‡Póvq cY¨ Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e| LvZwUi `xN©‡gqv`x ¯’vwq‡Z¡i
Rb¨ G¸‡jv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| eZ©gv‡b AwaKvsk cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôv‡bi wbR¯^ AvšÍR©vwZK evRviRvZKiY `j †bB|
Gi d‡j we‡`wk †µZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kiv KwVb n‡q hvq| Gme cÖwZôvb cÖvqB AW©vi G‡b †`q Ggb ga¨¯’ZvKvixi
gva¨‡g KvR K‡i _v‡K|
evsjv‡`‡ki cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Rb¨ evRviRvZKiY †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g wb‡gœv³ j¶¨¸‡jv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e:
 evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^Zš¿ cY¨ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv e„w× Kiv (D`vniY¯îƒc, GmcvwWª‡ji g‡Zv cvURvZ cY¨)|
 evsjv‡`‡ki cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ c‡Yï gvb I wbf©ikxjZv m¤ú‡K© Av¯’v ˆZwi Kiv (D`vniY¯îƒc, XvKvq Aew¯’Z
Avos)|
 wKQzw`b cici AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb wel‡q cÖPvi Pvjv‡bv Ges evsjv‡`k †Kb cY¨ µ‡qi Rb¨ m¤¢vebvgq †`k Zvi
Dci †Rvi †Ìqv|
 †ckvMZ wbivcËv I ¯^v¯’¨, kÖg AvBb Ges cwi‡ek wewagvjv mswkøó Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi †ÿ‡Î Pvgov cÖ¯Z
‘ KviK cÖwZôv‡bi
AMÖMwZ Zz‡j aiv|
 we`¨gvb m¶gZv Ges `ªæZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi mvg_©¨ Zz‡j aiv|
mivmwi I wWwRUvj evRviRvZKiY
cwðgv evRvi¸‡jv‡Z mivmwi evRviRvZ Ki‡Z PvB‡j †h‡Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ g~j kZ© n‡”Q ¸YMZ gvb eRvq ivLv I
mgqg‡Zv cY¨ mieivn Kiv| wewfbœ †Kv¤úvwbi wewfbœ ch©v‡qi Pvwn`v wewfbœ iKg n‡q _v‡K|
 P‚ovšÍ ch©vq: GB ch©v‡q †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv eo eo d¨vkb eª¨vÛ¸‡jv‡Z mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hLv‡b kZ©vewj LyeB K‡Vvi,
mieiv‡ni mgq Kg, Ges e¨_© n‡j K‡Vvi eë¯’v †bIqv nq| GB ch©v‡q g~j¨ Aek¨B †ewk|

†`k‡K eª¨vÛ wn‡m‡e cÖPvi
wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv c‡Yï eª¨vÛ Dbœqb Kiv e¨qeûj cÖwµqv| Gi Rb¨ A‡bK Avw_©K mvg‡_©ï cÖ‡qvRb nq| eo eo eª¨vÛ
weÁvcb I cÖPviYvq cÖPzi wewb‡qvM K‡i| wewfbœ †`‡k Drcvw`Z Zv‡ì c‡Y¨ wbw`©ó gvb`Ð eRvq ivL‡Z Zviv A‡bK
ai‡bi c`‡¶c wb‡q _v‡K (D`vniY¯îƒc, wieK, bvBwK, K¬vK©m, Aviv, Ges wmD)| ¯^vaxbfv‡e eª¨vÛ wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z
†h‡Kv‡bv cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖwZôv‡bi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖ‡Póv, m¤ú` I mgq ìKvi n‡e| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h eëmv evov‡bvi Rb¨
KviLvbv ch©v‡q eª¨vÛ ˆZwi Ges Zz‡j aiv AZ¨vek¨K bq| D`vniY¯îƒc, Pxb eQ‡i cÖvq 1,500 †KvwU †Rvov cv`yKv
Drcv`b K‡i, wKš‘ GLbI †`kwUi †Kv‡bv eo eª¨vÛ †bB| c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡iB ejv hvq, Gi KviY n‡jv eª¨vÛ ˆZwi
Kiv LyeB e¨qeûj I SzuwKc~Y©| G Kvi‡Y, †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwb hw` eQ‡i Kgc‡¶ 1 †KvwU cv`yKv Drcv`b bv K‡i, Zvn‡j
†mB †Kv¤úvwbi c‡¶ eª¨vÛ ˆZwi Kiv jvfRbK bq|
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †`k‡K GKwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ Drm wn‡m‡e Zz‡j ai‡Z, GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ †`‡ki ev
wk‡íi eª¨vÛ Dbœq‡b avivevwnKfv‡e KvR K‡i †h‡Z n‡e| †`‡ki ev wk‡íi eª¨vÛ Zz‡j ai‡Z K‡qKwU civgk©g~jK c`‡¶c
wb¤œiƒc:
 evsjv‡`k Ges evsjv‡`‡ki ißvwb m¤ú‡K© eZ©gvb I m¤¢ve¨ AvšÍR©vwZK †µZviv Kx Rv‡b Zvi Dci GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ
M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiæb|
 †Kv‡bv m¤¢ve¨ we‡µZvi g‡a¨ AvšÍRv© wZK †µZviv †Kvb †Kvb AvKl©Y Lyu‡R cvq?
 cQ›`µg m¤ú‡K© AvšÍR©vwZK †µZv‡ì GB Z_¨ GB Lv‡Zi ißvwb evov‡Z wKfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq?
 †`k‡K eª¨vÛ wn‡m‡e Zz‡j aiv m¤ú‡K© Dc‡iv³ aviYv¸‡jvi mgš^‡q GjGdGgBGwe ev ißvwb Dbœqb welqK ms¯’v
GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ mvgwMÖK Kg©cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
†miv evRvi¸‡jv‡Z c‡Yï cÖPvi Kiv
wkíwUi Rb¨ we‡ePbv‡hvM¨ Av‡iKwU †KŠkj n‡”Q †miv cY¨¸‡jvi Rb¨ †miv evRvi¸‡jv‡Z evRvi cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ Kiv
Ges ißvwbi Rb¨ Gme †`‡k m¤¢ve¨ †µZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Gme cÖwZwbwa‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv| GUv wKQzUv
e¨qeûj cÖ¯Íve| cÖwZwU evRvi cÖwZwbwai Rb¨ cy‡iv cÖwµqvq eQ‡i 1 jvL 80 nvRvi gvwK©b Wjvi LiP n‡e|
evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK mg_©b
mvg‡bi †ekwKQz mgq wkíwU‡K evRvi myweavi Rb¨ we‡`wk †µZv‡ì Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e GKBmv‡_
mivmwi evRviRvZKi‡Yi cÖ‡PóvI Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| eZ©gv‡b †Kv‡qj Qvov GjGdGgBGwe GKgvÎ msMVb, hv wkíwUi
ißvwb cÖ‡Póv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Q| †Kv‡q‡ji b‡jR †m›Uvi ißvwbKviK‡ì evRvi, evwYR¨ KvVv‡gv I wewaweavb, BZ¨vw`
m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| AvšÍR©vwZK †gjvq wkíwUi AskMÖn‡YI msMVbwU mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i|
PvgovRvZ cv`yKv
Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLvq ¯^vfvweK I `ªæZ Dfq `„k¨K‡í Kvw•ÿZ ißvwb j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j `¶ Rbej
AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq| ev¯Í‡e, eZ©gv‡b `¶ Rbe‡ji e¨vcK Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q| `„k¨Kí 2-Gi Kvw•ÿZ j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z
n‡j AvMvgx cuvP eQ‡i GB Pvwn`v e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i| gvbem¤ú‡ì GB Pvwn`vi GKwU eo Ask Ry‡oB _vK‡e Avav`¶ I
`¶ Rbe‡ji Pvwn`v| cvkvcvwk, bKkvKvi, KvwiMwi Z`viwK Ges gvb eë¯’vcbv I gvb wbqš¿Y eë¯’vcbvmn eë¯’vcbv
Kg©KZ©v‡ì Pvwn`vI †ek _vK‡e| GQvov, Drcv`b cÖwµqvq eëüZ ê`y¨wZK eë¯’v I †gvUi cwiPvjbvq `¶ KvwiMimn

hš¿cvwZ i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Rbe‡jiI NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| GB DcLv‡Zi GKwU ¯^Zš¿ myweav n‡”Q, †h‡nZz GwU
GKwU nvjKv wkí, ZvB bvix‡ì h_vh_fv‡e cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Kiv †M‡j Zviv we`¨gvb `vwqZ¡¸‡jv cy‡ivcywifv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z
cvi‡e| cv`yKv KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z Kg©iZ GKwU eo AskB bvix|
bKkv I cY¨ Dbœqb
†Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi D”PZi c`¸‡jvi Rb¨ ch©vß cwigvY my‡hvM¨ I cÖwkw¶Z Kg©x ˆZwi Kiv †M‡jB †Kej LvZwUi AšÍwb©wnZ
kw³gËv e„w× cv‡e| GRb¨ mœvZ‡KvËi ch©v‡q wbqwgZ wk¶v`vb I cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
hv †nvK, †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ I cÖwkw¶Z bKkvKv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eûwea P¨v‡j‡Äi GKwU Ask gvÎ| Av‡iKwU Ask n‡”Q
Pvwn`v ˆZwi| d¨vkb wk‡íi Ask wn‡m‡e cv`yKv bKkv wbqwgZ cwiewZ©Z nq| evRvi cÖeYZv `ªæZ wPwýZ Kiv, bZzb bKkv
ˆZwi Kiv, c‡Y¨ †mme bKkv wb‡q Avmv, Ges mwVK bgybv ˆZwi Kivi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| evRvi cÖeYZvi Dci bRi ivL‡j
cv`yKv cÖ¯Z
‘ KviKiv †h‡Kv‡bv AW©v‡ii Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z _vKvi my‡hvM cv‡e|
GB Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z Awej‡¤^ GKwU cv`yKv bKkv I d¨vkb cÖhyw³ cÖwZôvb cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| GiKg GKwU cÖwZôvb
¯’vcb Ki‡Z ev we`¨gvb †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi DbœwZmvab Ki‡Z me †_‡K mnR cÖwµqv n‡”Q GKB ai‡bi GKwU mdj
we‡`wk cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ hy³ nIqv| evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ me †_‡K fv‡jv n‡e h_vh_ kZ©vewji wfwË‡Z †Kv‡bv AvšÍR©vwZK
ms¯’vi mv‡_ UzBwbs‡qi gva¨‡g wbR¯^ cv`yKv bKkv, Dbœqb I d¨vkb cÖhyw³ cÖwZôvb ˆZwi Kiv| cÖwZôvbwUi ¯^í‡gqv`x
j¶¨ n‡e AvšÍRv© wZK cÖeYZv AbymiY Kiv| `xN©‡gqv‡` cÖwZôvbwU wbR¯^ d¨vkb I cÖeYZv ˆZwi‡Z cy‡ivcywi m¶g GKwU
¯^vaxb ms¯’v wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ nIqvi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡e|
 bKkvKvi‡ì Rb¨ ¯^í‡gqv`x cÖwk¶Y: †emiKvwi LvZ I RvZxq cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K RiæwiwfwË‡Z bKkvKvi‡ì cÖwk¶Y
cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| G D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU Kg©m~wP MÖnY Kiv ìKvi, hvi gva¨‡g †emiKvwi LvZ I RvZxq cÖwZôvb KZ©…K
GKwU wbw`©ó msL¨K †gavm¤úbœ cÖv_©x‡K Aby`vb cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| we‡`wk ¯^bvgab¨ cÖwZôv‡b cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ Zv‡ì‡K
cÖwZ eQi we‡`‡k cvVv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖv_©xi Aek¨B bKkv m¤^‡Ü I bKkv‡K c‡Y¨ iƒcvšÍi Kivi AwfÁZv
_vK‡Z n‡e|
 cÖvwZôvwbK wfwË wbg©vY: GKB mv‡_ †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i RvZxq cÖwZôv‡b cÖwk¶Y cÖ`v‡bi m¶gZv ˆZwi ev e„w× Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb| m¤¢ve¨ ¯^íZg mg‡qi g‡a¨ GB m¶gZv AR©‡bi DËg cš’v n‡”Q we‡`wk †Kv‡bv cÖL¨vZ cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_
UzBwbs cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q hvIqv| AvaywbK miÄvg I DcKiY Ñ we‡kl K‡i K¨vW (Kw¤úDUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ bKkv) ev
K¨v‡gi (Kw¤úDUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ cÖ¯‘ZKiY) g‡Zv cÖhyw³ Ñ Øviv GiKg †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb‡K mg„× Kiv Riæwi|
 weiwZKv‡j wkí‡K eënvi: eQ‡i msw¶ß mgqKv‡ji Rb¨ we‡`wk bKkvKvi‡ì evsjv‡`‡k †`vKvb †Lvjvi my‡hvM
K‡i †Ìqvi Rb¨ evowZ GKwU c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Zviv eQ‡i `yB †_‡K wZbevi evsjv‡`‡k Ñ we‡kl K‡i
†Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡b Ñ åg‡Y Avm‡Z cv‡i Ges wkíwU‡Z bKkv ˆZwi I mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i| cvkvcvwk, †emiKvwi LvZ
ev ¯’vbxq cÖwZôvb †_‡K Aby`vbcÖvß cÖv_©x‡ì Zviv cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vbI Ki‡Z cv‡i|
bZzb bZzb D™¢vebx cY¨ ˆZwi
evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z GKwU we‡kl cv`yKv GmcvwWªj| GUvi †ek eo ißvwb evRvi i‡q‡Q| GB cv`yKvi Zjv cvU w`‡q
ˆZwi| Dc‡ii Ask ˆZwi Kiv nq nq Kvco A_ev wmb‡_wUK ev Pvgov w`‡q| Gi GKwU we‡kl ¸Y n‡”Q GwU cwi‡ekevÜe|
GB cv`yKvwUi eënvi cÖavbZ †gŠmygwfwËK| mvaviYZ MÖx®§Kvj ev MÖx®§Kv‡ji g‡Zv AvenvIqvq GwU civ nq| GQvov,
GUv kÖgNb Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ Dchy³| GB cv`yKvi bKkv G‡m‡Q wcwiwbm (†¯úb I d«vÝ) †_‡K|

DcKiY I KuvPvgv‡ji mnRjf¨Zv
eZ©gv‡b cv`yKv Lv‡Zi GKwU eo mxgve×Zv n‡”Q, cv`yKv Drcv`b †h MwZ‡Z Pjgvb i‡q‡Q †mB MwZi mv‡_ Zvj †gjv‡Z
†h cwigvY DcKiY I KuvPvgvj cÖ‡qvRb Zv mnRjf¨ bq| MocoZv GK †Rvov cv`yKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z 32 ai‡bi DcKiY
I KuvPvgvj ìKvi nq| Gme DcKi‡Yi K‡qKwU KviLvbv wb‡RB ˆZwi K‡i| Z‡e †ewki fvMB KviLvbvi evB‡i Drcvw`Z
nq| cÖew„ × ïiæi eQi¸‡jv‡Z G¸‡jv Avg`vwb KivB GKgvÎ Dcvq| KviY, †`‡k Gme DcKiY I KuvPvgv‡ji †h Pvwn`v
i‡q‡Q, Zv‡Z K‡i G¸‡jv Drcv`‡b wewb‡qvM Kiv jvfRbK bq| hv †nvK, wkíwU h‡_ó eo n‡j Gme DcKiY
cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i †`vKvb Ly‡j emvi A_©‰bwZK KviY Lyu‡R cv‡e|
APvgovRvZ DcLvZ
mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z APvgovRvZ c‡Yï gvb I D”P cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© g~‡jï Kvi‡Y Gi Pvwn`v Pvgov LvZ‡K Qvwo‡q
hv‡”Q| cwieZ©‡bi GB cÖeYZv wek¦Ry‡oB †`Lv hv‡”Q| KviLvbv¸‡jvi Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`b m¶gZvi eZ©gvb
AeKvVv‡gvi we‡ePbvq, evsjv‡`k mvgvb¨ wKQz hš¿cvwZ I eënvwiK Ávb ms‡hvRb K‡i mn‡RB cwieZ©‡bi GB my‡hvMwU
wb‡Z cv‡i| wek¦e¨vcx Pvwn`vi bZzb bZzb cÖeYZvi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡Z APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Lv‡Zi AwZwi³ mybRi I bxwZ
mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb| fwel¨r cwiKíbvq PvgovRvZ cv`yKvi mv‡_ APvgovRvZ c`yKv‡KI mshy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n

PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv †hme P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jvi K‡qKwU wb‡P msw¶ß
AvKv‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv| GB ZvwjKv ¸iæ‡Z¡i µgvbymv‡i mvRv‡bv nqwb|
mviwY 7: PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄmg~n

aib P¨v‡jÄ weeiY
Kgcøv‡qÝ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi Abycw¯’wZ ev KviLvbv I Drcv`b¯’‡j cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK I wbivcËv
AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ð Abymv‡i msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi AvšÍRv© wZK gvb`Ðmg~‡ni NvUwZi Kvi‡Y
PvgovRvZ c‡Yï `ye©j A‡bK AvšÍRv© wZK evwqs nvDR evsjv‡`k n‡Z cY¨ µq Kiv
Kgcøv‡qÝ †_‡K weiZ _v‡K|
cY¨ cix¶v I cY¨ cix¶v, mb`cÎ cÖ`vb I cY¨ cix¶v I mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi myweav
gvb wbqš¿Y gvb wbqš¿‡Y Ach©vß m¶gZv evsjv‡`‡k †bB| Gi d‡j wjW UvBg e„w× cvq|
A_©vqb mxwgZ A_©vqb myweav ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Rb¨ cÖhyw³ Dbœqb I BDwbU m¤cÖmvi‡Yi
Rb¨ A_©vqb myweav mxgve×|
gvbem¤ú` `¶ I Avav`¶ Rbe‡ji cY¨ bKkv: cY¨ bKkv Kivi Kv‡R `¶ †jv‡Ki NvUwZ i‡q‡Q|
Afve †`‡k Kg©iZ †ewki fvM bKkvKvi we‡`wk| Gi d‡j Drcv`b
LiP †e‡o hvq Ges we‡`wk Dr‡mi Dci wbf©ikxjZv e„w× cvq|
eë¯’vcbvMZ `¶Zv: †`‡k eë¯’vcbvMZ `¶Zv I m¶gZvI
mxwgZ| d‡j Gme Kv‡Ri Rb¨ we‡`wk‡ì Dci A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i
Ki‡Z nq|

bvix kÖgkw³i mxwgZ AskMÖnY: cÖwZwôZ cÖ¯‘ZKviK
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z bvix‡ì AskMÖnY †ewk| KviY bvixiv †QvU
KviLvbvi †P‡q eo KviLvbvq wb‡R‡ì †ewk wbivc` g‡b K‡i|
cÖhyw³ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖhyw³i AcÖvc¨Zv †h‡nZz ¯’vbxq †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb bZzb cY¨ bKkv ˆZwi K‡i bv, ZvB
c‡Yï bKkvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mdUIq¨vi mnRjf¨ bq| GQvov,
Drcv`b cÖwµqvi mKj ¯Í‡i Z_¨cÖhyw³i ms‡hvRb me©wbgœ ch©v‡q
i‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j g¨vbyqvj cÖ×wZ‡Z Drcv`b cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
nq Ges `xN©m~wÎZv m„wó nq|
Drcv`‡bi DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ Avg`vwb QuvP, Avbylw½K wRwbkcÎmn Ab¨vb¨ DcKi‡Yi Rb¨
Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY wbf©iZv cÖ¯Z‘ KviK‡ì Avg`vwbi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq, ZvB wjW UvBg
e„w× cvq|
evsjv‡`‡ki mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekZM mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s‡qi Rb¨ cÖ_gZ mswkøó mwgwZ¸‡jvi
eª¨vwÛs Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi Rb¨ Z_¨MZ mÿgZv e„w× Kiv| Zvici G‡K cÖwZôvb ch©v‡q wb‡q hvIqv Ges
¯^”QZv RvZxq ch©v‡qi we‡klÁ‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì mÿgZvI e„w× Kiv|
Gfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s Pvgov wk‡íi Rb¨
cÖ_vq cwiYZ n‡e|
†hme c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e: PvgovRvZ cY¨, cv`yKv Ges APvgovRvZ cv`yKv
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ †hme c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡Pi mviwY‡Z
Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv|
mviwY 8: PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc

m~Î D‡Ïk¨ n¯Í‡¶c
1 APvgovRvZ c‡Yï eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ GKwU mgwš^Z Dbœqb Kg©cwiKíbv I mnvqK bxwZ KvVv‡gv MÖnY Kiæb,
I fwel¨r m¤¢vebv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z hv‡Z LvZwUi cðvr ms‡hvM M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i Ges wewb‡qvM AvK…ó
we¯ÍvwiZ AbymÜvb cwiPvjbv Kiv nq|
2 APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Drcv`b msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ðmg~n †g‡b Pjvq KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z
†gŠwjK Kgcøv‡qÝ DbœZ Kiv eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jvi cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZv e„w× Kiæb|
Kgcøv‡qÝ _vKvi myweav Ges Kgcøv‡qÝ bv _vKvi SzuwK I ¶wZ m¤ú‡K©
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z RvZxq ch©v‡q GKwU m‡PZbZv e„w×
Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Kiæb|
cÖwZwU Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi mv‡_ RwoZ cÖ‡Yv`bv I kvw¯Íg~jK eë¯’v D‡jøL
K‡i GKwU Kgcøv‡qÝ ev¯Íevqb mviwY ˆZwi Kiæb|
mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, wbivcËvRwbZ, †ckvMZ Ges ¯^v¯’¨
msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi GKwU RvZxq wb‡`©wkKv I mb` cÖ`vb Kg©m~wP
ˆZwi Kiæb|
3 LvZwUi ¯’vwqZ¡ wbwðZ Kiv Kvh©Ki eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv I R¡vjvwb `¶Zv cÖhyw³i †¶‡Î cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì
mnvqZv Kiæb|

4 `¶Zv, cÖhwy ³ I Drcv`bkxjZv GKwU KvwiMwi †K›`ª cÖwZôv Kiæb, †hLv‡b wb‡Pi KvR¸‡jv n‡e:
DbœZ Kiv evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z c‡Yï gvb DbœZ Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i Drcvw`Z c‡Yï †fŠZ gvb I
ivmvqwbK cix¶v Kivi we‡kl eë¯’v ˆZwi Kiæb|
L¨vZbvgv AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôv‡bi mnvqZvq cÖwk¶‡Yi gva¨‡g LvZwUi
Rb¨ GK`j cÖwk¶K ˆZwi Kiæb|
Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’v‡K cÖvwZôvwbK iƒc w`‡Z †emiKvwi
Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kiæb|
†Kv‡bv L¨vZbvgv AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôv‡bi mnvqZvq kÖgkw³i Rb¨ GKwU
cix¶vwfwËK mb` cÖ`vb Kg©mw~P MÖnY Kiæb|
KviLvbv ch©v‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m¶gZv e„w× Ki‡Z Drcv`b cÖwµqvq
Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Kiæb|
PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Drcv`b Kvh©µ‡g wWw¯‹wj‡Oi
Dc‡hvMx (A_©vr, Drcv`b cÖwµqvq ¯^qswµq eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv ev
`¶Zvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Kwg‡q Avbvi) †¶Î Lyu‡R †ei Kiæb|
5 d¨vkb I bKkv Kivi m¶gZv DbœZ GKwU cv`yKv bKkv, Dbœqb I d¨vkb †K›`ª cÖwZôv Kiæb|
Kiv Ges †`‡ki cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwk¶Y I wewbgq Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g bKkv †K‡›`ªi Rb¨
cÖew„ ×‡Z mnvqZv cÖ`vb gvbem¤ú` ˆZwi Kiæb|
evsjv‡`‡k bKkvKvi‡ì mv‡_ KvR Kivi Rb¨ cÖwZwôZ bKkvKvi‡ì
evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avmyb| †gŠmyg wfwË‡Z Zuv‡ì Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i|
evRvi M‡elYvi Rb¨ GKwU †idv‡iÝ jvB‡eªwi cÖwZôv Kiæb|
LvZwUi m¤¢vebv Zz‡j ai‡Z Ges LvZwU‡Z m„wókxj †jvK‡ì AvKl©Y
Ki‡Z †gjv, cÖ`k©bx I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Av‡qvRb Kiæb|
6 Avg`vwbK…Z KuvPvgvj I DcKi‡Yi ißvwbKviK‡ì †Ìqv BDwUjvB‡Rkb wWKjv‡ikb ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z
e¨q n«vm Kiv eëmvqx msMVb¸‡jv‡K Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb Kiæb|
DcKiY cÖ¯‘ZKviK wk‡í wewb‡qvM DrmvwnZ Kiæb, hv‡Z GB wkí
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ¯Z‘ KviK‡ì Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z cv‡i Ges †`‡ki evB‡iI
ißvwb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
7 A_©vqb myweav e„w× Kiv Kgcøv‡qÝ †g‡b Pj‡Q ev †g‡b Pj‡Z D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i‡Q Ggb
KviLvbvmg~‡ni Rb¨ ivR¯^ I Ki cÖ‡Yv`bvi eë¯’v Kiæb|
8 mvgvwRK, wbivcËvRwbZ I AwMœ wbivcËv I Ab¨vb¨ Kgcøv‡qÝ cwiw¯’wZ DbœZ Ki‡Z ˆZwi †cvkvK
cwi‡ekMZ Kgcøv‡qÝ DbœZ Kiv Lv‡Zi g‡Zv K‡i Avg`vwb ïé wba©viY Kiæb|
9 evwYR¨ I wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ bxwZgvjv eëmvq cwiKíbv SzuwK n«vm Kiæb Ges AwbðqZv `~i Kiæb|
KvVv‡gv DbœZ Kiv
10 wbe©vwPZ we‡`wk evRv‡i wkí I PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ ißvwbi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I m¤¢ve¨ †`k¸‡jv‡Z
†`‡ki fveg~wZ© e„w× Kiv Abyôvb I †gjv Av‡qvR‡b ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡ivi m¶gZv e„w× Kiæb|
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s‡qi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki Pvgov wk‡íi eª¨vwÛs
Kiæb|
Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ GKwU we‡kl mwPÎ mvgwqKx cÖKvk Kiæb|
wbe©vwPZ evRvi¸‡jvi Iwcwbqb †gKvi‡ì evsjv‡`‡k mdi Ki‡Z Ges
evsjv‡`‡ki m¶gZv m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Z AvnŸvb Rvbvb|

ißvwb eûgyLxKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ ¯^vfvweK cY¨ D™¢veb cÖwµqv‡K Z¡ivwš^Z
Ki‡Z cÖavb cÖavb AvšÍRv© wZK mvgwqKx‡Z weÁvcb w`‡Z
cÖ¯Z‘ KviK‡ì mnvqZv Kiæb|
11 cÖavb cÖavb Avg`vwbKviK I eª¨v‡Ûi KviLvbv¸‡jvi cY¨ cÖ`k©bxi Rb¨ GKwU cøvUdg© ˆZwi Kiæb|
mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vc‡b
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K mnvqZv Kiv
12 Ab¨vb¨ †`k n‡Z we‡`wk wewb‡qvM m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡Z evRvi m¤ú‡K© AwfÁ
AvKl©Y Kiv we‡klÁ‡ì wb‡qvM Kiæb|
13 evsjv‡`‡k APvgovRvZ Lv‡Z cY¨ bZzb c‡Yï m¤¢vebv wPwýZ Ki‡Z wkíwUi m¶gZv e„w× Kiæb|
eûgyLxKi‡Yi m¤¢vebv g~j¨vqb Kiv M‡elYv Ki‡Z wk‡íi m¶gZv e„w× Kiæb|
14 DbœZgv‡bi cY¨ Drcv`b Ki‡Z ¶z`,ª KzwUiwkí RvZxq D‡`¨vM¸‡jv m¤^‡Ü aviYv †c‡Z Ges evsjv‡`‡k
KzwUiwkí RvZxq D‡`¨vM¸‡jv‡K APvgovRvZ cv`yKv DcLv‡Z wkíwU‡K wKfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq Zv
Dc‡hvMx K‡i Zzj‡Z êwk¦K f¨vjy wPwýZ Ki‡Z M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiæb|
†PB‡b cðvrgyLx ms‡hvM wn‡m‡e
Zv‡ì‡K hy³ Kiv
15 GmcvwWªj cv`yKv Drcv`b cwigvY cY¨wU ißvwbi Rb¨ AvšÍRv© wZK evRvi wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ges
e„w× Kiv, Gi gv‡bvbœqb Ges evRvi KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K cY¨wU ißvwb Kivi Dc‡hvMx K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z cY¨wU
eûgyLx Kiv I Gi evRvi m¤ú‡K© AwfÁ †Kv‡bv evRvi cÖwZwbwa wb‡qvM Kiæb|
16 APvgovRvZ cv`yKv c‡Yï bKkv GKwU bKkv, cY¨ Dbœqb, I cÖwk¶Y †K›`ª cÖwZôv Kiæb|
m¶gZv e„w× Kiv
17 eZ©gvb I bZzb bZzb gva¨‡g mivmwi I wWwRUvj evRviRvZKi‡Yi Rb¨ AvšÍRv© wZK civgk©K
APvgovRvZ cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì wb‡qvM Kiæb|
Rb¨ evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav e„w× Kiv
18 ch©‡e¶Y I g~j¨vqb LvZwUi Rb¨ c×wZMZ ch©‡e¶Y I g~j¨vqb eë¯’v cÖwZôv Kiæb|

Avï KiYxq
1. mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix cy‡ivcywi `~lYgy³ Kiv
mvfvi Pvgovwkí bMixi †K›`ªxq Zij eR©¨ †kvabvMviwU (wmBwUwc) mKj cÖ‡qvRbxq gvb`Ð mnKv‡i cy‡ivcywi Pvjy Ki‡Z
n‡e| G‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`k ¶z`ª I KzwUi wkí Ki‡cv‡ikb (wewmK) AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q Pvgov Lv‡Z KvR Kivi AwfÁZvm¤úbœ,
¯^bvgab¨ cÖwZôv‡bi msw¶ß ZvwjKv Ki‡Z cv‡i| GQvov Pvgov eëmvqx, cwi‡ek we‡klÁ I AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z mb`
cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’v Ges miKv‡ii mgš^‡q GKwU evQvB KwgwU MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB KwgwU msw¶ß ZvwjKv †_‡K GKwU
wbw`©ó cÖwZôvb‡K wmBwUwc cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ †`‡e| `vwqZ¡ cvIqv cÖwZôvbwU GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ eZ©gvb wmBwUwc‡Z
†Kv‡bv mgm¨v _vK‡j Zv wPwýZ Ki‡e, †mme mgm¨v mgvav‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq civgk© †`‡e Ges mgvav‡bi cÖwµqv ZË¡veavb
Ki‡e| miKvwi-†emiKvwi Askx`vwi‡Z¡i (wcwcwc) AvIZvq GKwU eë¯’vcbv Pzw³i gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK L¨vwZm¤úbœ
wmBwUwc cwiPvjbvKvix cÖwZôvb‡K G `vwqZ¡ †Ìqv n‡e| †MvUv cÖwµqvwU AvMvgx bq gv‡mi g‡a¨ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m Pvjy Kiv
cÖYxZ AvB‡bi KvVv‡gvi AvIZvq Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨ Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m cy‡ivcywi Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| †mev cÖ`vb I QvocÎ
cÖwµqv mnR Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ Zv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖZ¨¶ ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM (GdwWAvB) I †hŠ_
D‡`¨vM‡K (†Rwf) mnvqZv w`‡Z evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶‡KI (†eRv) GKwU Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m Pvjy Ki‡Z
n‡e| †eRvi GB Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m mKj cÖwµqv mnRZi Kivi gva¨‡g AviI GdwWAvB I †hŠ_ D‡`¨vM‡K AvK…ó Ki‡ZI
f‚wgKv ivL‡e| Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨ GB Iqvb ÷c mvwf©mwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. Kgcøv‡qÝ I mb` cÖ`vb wbwðZ Kiv
Pvgov Lv‡Zi me ai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡b evsjv‡`k ÷¨vÛvW©m GÛ †Uw÷s BÝwUwUDkb‡K (weGmwUAvB) mg_© I m¶g n‡q
DV‡Z n‡e| mb` cÖ`v‡bi Aby‡gv`b cÖwµqv GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ nIqv DwPZ| evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †evW©
†emiKvwi mb`cÎ cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi weKvk‡K mnRZi Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ì‡K mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi AR©‡b mnvqZv
Ki‡e|
4. mKj ißvwb Lv‡Z ïé I Ki eë¯’vcbvi mgZvweavb Kiv
AvMvgx Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨ wb‡Pi cwieZ©b¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e:
 ißvwbgyLx Pvgov KviLvbvq eëüZ Avg`vwb-c‡Yï cix¶Y ˆZwi †cvkvK wk‡íi g‡Zv n‡Z n‡e|
 ˆZwi †cvkvK wk‡íi g‡Zv cÖwZ wZb eQi cici †Rbv‡ij e‡Ûi bevqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

 Pzw³Kvixi c‡ÿ KuvPvgvj A_ev c¨vwKs‡qi Rb¨ eënv‡ii AbygwZ (BDwc) cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZv PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv
cÖ¯‘ZKviK I ißvwbKviK mwgwZ, evsjv‡`k‡K (GjGdGgBGwe) w`‡Z n‡e|
 m`m¨ KviLvbv¸‡jvi †KvGwdwk‡q›U wba©viY Kivi `vwqZ¡ ¯’vqxfv‡e GjGdGgBGwe‡K w`‡Z n‡e|
 Z…Zxq c¶ ev †`k †_‡K ißvwb Avq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Zi Abyiƒc n‡Z n‡e|
 KuvPvgvj Avg`vwbi Aby‡gv`b †¶Î Abyhvqx w`‡Z n‡e (Avjv`v Avjv`v Gjwmi gva¨‡g)|
 ißvwb cY¨ Rvnv‡R †Zvjvi Rb¨ RvnvR Qvovi 24 NÈv Av‡M KvU-Ad UvBg wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 kÖwgK Kj¨vY I we‡bv`b, cix¶vMvi wd, Z_¨cÖhyw³ †mev I Mvwo fvovmn wewfbœ †mevi Li‡P Qvo w`‡Z n‡e|
5. A¯’vqx Ki ¯’wMZKiY (wUwUGg) eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv
ißvwbgyLx cv`yKv Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Avg`vwb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Ggb 50wU cÖavb KuvPvgvj ev DcKi‡Yi
GBPGm †KvW mbv³ Ki‡Z `¶ we‡klÁ‡ì w`‡q GKwU M‡elYv cwiPvwjZ Kiæb| hw` cÖv_wgKfv‡e 10 eQ‡ii Rb¨ GB
wUwUGg envj Kiv hvq, Zvn‡j mivmwi wk‡ívrcv`bKvix bq Ggb cÖwZôvb webv ï‡é cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgvj I Avbylw½K
cY¨ Ñ †hgb AvDU‡mvj, wcBD I wcwfwm DcKiY, †cÖvWv± wdwbwks‡qi ivmvqwbK, †jBm Ges †gUvj nvW©Iqvi Ñ Avg`vwb
I gRy` Ki‡e| ißvwbKviKiv Zv‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡bi wfwË‡Z ¯’vbxq Gjwm †c‡g‡›Ui gva¨‡g GB gRy` †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY
wKb‡e, hv P‚ovšÍ c‡Yï ißvwbi mv‡_ mn‡RB mgš^q K‡i †bIqv hv‡e| G‡Z K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgvj Lye
mn‡RB ¯’vbxq ißvwbKviK‡Ì, we‡klZ hviv bZzb I D`xqgvb Zv‡ì nv‡Zi bvMv‡j P‡j Avm‡e| Avi G¸‡jv Kv‡R
jvwM‡qB Zviv P‚ovšÍ c‡Yï ißvwb Av‡`k AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i| d‡j ißvwbKviK‡ì Rb¨ ißvwbi wjW UvBg 30 †_‡K 60
w`b ch©šÍ K‡g †h‡Z cv‡i|
6. e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR eë¯’v M‡o †Zvjv
eëmvwqK mwgwZ¸wji m‡½ civgk©µ‡g Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨ †QvU ißvwbKviK I Drcv`bKvix‡ì cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z cv‡i Ggb
GKwU e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
7. Pvgov Lv‡Z †`wk wewb‡qvM AvK…ó Kiv
µgea©gvb cÖe„w×i Rb¨ m¶g D‡`¨v³v‡ì e¨vcK I AvMÖvmx wewb‡qvM Acwinvh©| †`kxq D‡`¨v³v‡ì Pvgov Lv‡Zi
wewb‡qv‡M DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq Ges wkí gš¿Yvjq‡K Avï c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e| ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Z Pvc Kwg‡q
wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶Î eûgyLx Ki‡Z ißvwbKviK‡ì Pvgov Lv‡Z AvK…ó Ki‡Z n‡e| G j‡¶¨ e¨vsK my‡ì nvi, cwi‡kv‡ai
mgqm~wP, Ki gIKzd, ißvwbi Rb¨ bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv BZ¨vw`‡Z AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e| mKj hyw³m½Z myweav cÖ`vb K‡i Pvgov
Lv‡Zi evwqs nvDR¸‡jv‡K AvK…ó Ki‡Z n‡e|
8. ¯^qswµq c×wZ‡Z †mev cÖ`vb
AvMvgx Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨ wKQz cÖwZôv‡bi †mev cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ¯^qswµq eë¯’v I wbw`©ó mgqmxgv ev¯Íevqb m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e|
G ai‡bi cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW© Ges Zvi Aaxb ïé, Ki I g~mK mswkøó mKj cÖwZôvb, mg¯Í e›ì
KZ©…c¶ (Rj, ¯’j I wegvb), evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c¶ (weWv), evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c¶ (†eRv),
ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv (Bwcwe), Avg`vwb I ißvwb wbqš¿‡Ki `ßi (wmwmAvBB), †hŠ_g~jab †Kv¤úvwb I dvg©mg~‡ni cwi`ßi
(Avi‡RGmwm) Ges Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’v I wefvM|

¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K
evsjv‡`‡ki DËiY
RvwZms‡Ni KwgwU di †W‡fjc‡g›U cwjwm (wmwWwc) mwPevjq cÖv_wgK wn‡m‡ei wfwË‡Z wbwðZ K‡i‡Q †h Zv‡ì AvMvgx
wÎevwl©K ch©v‡jvPbvi mgq evsjv‡`k cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq gvb`Ð¸‡jv
c~iY Ki‡e| myZivs ejv hvq 2021 mv‡ji wÎevwl©K ch©v‡jvPbvq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËiY nIqv
†`k wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z mycvwik Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| GB ch©v‡jvPbvi ci 2024 mv‡j evsjv‡`k AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^‡ívbœZ
†`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K †ei n‡q Avm‡e|
†`‡ki ißvwb I mvgwMÖK eëmv-evwY‡R¨ ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi †ekwKQz m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve i‡q‡Q|
AMÖvwaKvig~jK evRvi myweav (wRGmwc)
h_v_© bv‡gi AwaKvix BweG (Gfwiw_s evU Avg©m) eë¯’v A¯¿ I †Mvjveviæ` Qvov me c‡Yï ïégy³-†KvUvgy³ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi
†`q| GB eë¯’vq c‡YÏ †Uª‡mwewjwU wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wKQz mywbw`©ó wbqg Av‡Q| Avg`vwbKvix †`k mvaviYZ Gme c‡Yï
Drm¯’j †`‡L _v‡K|
2027 mv‡ji ci evsjv‡`k †Rbv‡ijvBRW wm‡÷g Ae †cÖdv‡i‡Ým cøvm (wRGmwc+) myweavq AšÍfz³ © n‡Z cvi‡e| GRb¨
kZ© n‡jv, evsjv‡`k‡K gvbevwaKvi I kÖwgK AwaKv‡ii (DbœZ Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek, `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡b AwaK cÖ‡Póv, bvixi
¶gZvqb) cvkvcvwk cwi‡ekMZ myi¶v (†hgb Kve©b wbM©gb n«vm) I mykvmb m¤úwK©Z 27wU Kb‡fbkb Aby‡gv`b Ki‡Z
n‡e| Gme kZ© c~iY mv‡c‡ÿ wRGmwc cøvm myweav AwR©Z n‡j evsjv‡`k c„_K, AMÖvwaKvig~jK ïé nv‡ii myweav cv‡e|
wRGmwc cøvm myweavi AvIZvq, A_©‰bwZK êwPÎ¨ I ißvwbi cwigv‡Yi w`K w`‡q wcwQ‡q _vKv †`k¸‡jv wba©vwiZ 66
kZvsk c‡Y¨ cy‡ivcywi ïégy³ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi cv‡e| BD‡ivcxqvb BDwbqb (BBD) AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z MÖnYxq Ab¨Zg c`‡¶c
wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb (weGjG) Ges ißvwb cÖwµqvRvZKiY GjvKv (Bwc‡RW) AvBb‡K AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg ms¯’vi
(AvBGjI) kÖg AwaKvi welqK Kb‡fbk‡bi m‡½ mvgÄm¨c~Y© Kivi Dci †Rvi w`‡q Avm‡Q|
hv †nvK, `xN©‡gqv‡` (A_©vr 2027 mv‡ji c‡i) evsjv‡`k hw` wRGmwc cøvm myweav AR©b Ki‡Z wKsev cÖ‡qvRbxq
gy³evwYR¨ Pzw³ wel‡q Av‡jvPbvq e¨_© nq, Zvn‡j †`‡ki ißvwbi Dci D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i| †m›Uvi di cwjwm
Wvqvj‡Mi (wmwcwW)26 M‡elYvq †`Lv hvq, ¯^‡ívbœZ †`k wn‡m‡e †Ìqv AMÖvwaKvi¸‡jv bv _vK‡j evsjv‡`k‡K 6.7 kZvsk
AwZwi³ ïé w`‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| d‡j evsjv‡`k 270 †KvwU gvwK©b Wjvi ißvwb Avq †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i, hv 2015
A_©eQ‡i mviv we‡k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU ißvwbi 8.7 kZvs‡ki mgvb| wmwcwWi M‡elYvq AviI Abygvb Kiv n‡q‡Q †h Gi
me‡P‡q †bwZevPK cÖfve co‡e BD‡ivcxq BDwbq‡b (BBD) ißvwbi †¶‡Î, †hLv‡b eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki †gvU ißvwbi
97.8 kZvsk ïégy³ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi cvq| GB evRv‡i evsjv‡`wk c‡Yï Rb¨ 8.7 kZvsk nv‡i AwZwi³ ïé w`‡Z n‡e|
GQvov Pxb I fvi‡Zi g‡Zv AMÖmi Dbœqbkxj †`kI Zv‡ì evRv‡i evsjv‡`wk c‡Yï ïégy³ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi w`‡q‡Q|
26
‘Mapping out a strategy’, http://cpd.org.bd/mapping-out-a-strategy.

¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKvq bv _vK‡j GB AMÖvwaKvig~jK myweav¸‡jvI _vK‡e bv| ÿwZc~i‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc bv
wb‡j ißvwb †¶‡Î cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi mvg‡_©¨, wk‡ívrcv`b I Kg©ms¯’v‡b Gme myweav D‡V hvIqvi †bwZevPK cÖfve co‡e|
Gme P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ mevi Av‡M †h welqwU‡Z ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv ìKvi Zv n‡jv †`‡ki A_©bxwZi mvgwMÖK
m¶gZv e„w× Kiv| wek` K‡i ej‡Z †M‡j, A_©bxwZi eûgyLxKi‡Y KvVv‡gvMZ AMÖMwZ, mvgwMÖKfv‡e cÖhyw³MZ DrKl©
mvab, gvbem¤ú‡ì cÖwk¶Y I `¶Zv weKv‡k DrKl©Zv, Ges D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖvwZôvwbK `„pZv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖZ¨ÿ ê‡`wkK
wewb‡qvM (GdwWAvB) AvK…ó KivI µgk ¸iæZ¡cY~ © n‡q DV‡e| êwk¦K AvKl©Y a‡i ivL‡Z A_©bxwZ‡Z KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b
Avb‡Z n‡e, m¤ú‡ì `¶ eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Drcv`bkxjZv evov‡Z n‡e| PZz_© wkíwecø‡ei P¨v‡jÄmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K
G¸‡jv AviI †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| mvgwMÖK A_©bxwZ Ges we‡klfv‡e ißvwb LvZmg~n‡K mviv we‡k¦ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK ivL‡Z
evsjv‡`k‡K cwiw¯’wZi m‡½ `ªæZ gvwb‡q wb‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡Z n‡e|
wek¦evRv‡i cY¨ cÖ‡e‡ki †¶‡Î AMÖvwaKvi I wewfbœ AvšÍRv© wZK mnvqZv K‡g hvIqvi ¶q¶wZ hv‡Z gvivZ¥K n‡q bv I‡V
Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k‡K ißvwb †¶‡Î cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi mÿgZv Ges ißvwbi evRvi I cY¨ Dfq †ÿ‡Î êwPÎ¨
evov‡Z n‡e| †mRb¨ evsjv‡`k, fzUvb, fviZ, †bcvj Bwbwk‡qwUf (weweAvBGb Bwbwk‡qwUf), evsjv‡`k-Pxb-fviZ-
wgqvbgvi †dvivg di wiwRIbvj †KvAcv‡ikb (wewmAvBGg), Ges †e Ae †e½j Bwbwk‡qwUf di gvwë-†m±ivj †UKwbKvj
A¨vÛ B‡KvbwgK †KvAcv‡ik‡bi (weg‡÷K) g‡Zv AvÂwjK I Dc-AvÂwjK D‡`¨v‡Mi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k‡K AviI
mwµq f‚wgKv wb‡Z n‡e| GQvov wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’vi (WweøDwUI) Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvq evsjv‡`‡ki mwµq AskMÖnY Ae¨vnZ
ivL‡Z n‡e|

ißvwb iƒc‡iLvi Kg©cwiKíbv
GB Aa¨v‡q ißvwb iƒc‡iLv ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶cmg~n wb‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| iƒc‡iLvi Ask wn‡m‡e
cÖ¯ÍvweZ c`‡¶ç‡jvi g‡a¨ K‡qKwU ev¯Íevq‡b miKv‡ii wewfbœ ms¯’v, wkí mwgwZ I Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb
n‡e| cÖ¯ÍvweZ †Kv‡bv we‡kl c`‡ÿc ev¯Íevq‡bi `vwqZ¡ †Kvb †Kvb ms¯’vi Dci eZ©vq ZvI GB Kg©cwiKíbvq ZvwjKveÜ
Kiv n‡q‡Q| ¯^í mg‡qi g‡a¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Gme ms¯’vq h‡_ó cwigvY Kg©x _vK‡Z n‡e| †hme
cÖwZôvb G iƒc‡iLv ev¯Íevq‡bi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj Kvh©µ‡gi †bZ…Z¡ †`‡e †mme cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb KivB iƒc‡iLv ev¯Íevq‡bi
cÖ_g c`‡¶c|
Kg©cwiKíbv cvV Kivi w`Kwb‡`©kbv

iƒc‡iLvi Kg©cwiKíbvwU AvUwU Avjv`v wk‡ivbvg mnKv‡i mviwY AvKv‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gme wk‡ivbvg
n¯Í‡¶cmg~n I bxwZMZ mycvwikgvjvi mvims‡ÿc Zz‡j a‡i| wk‡ivbvg¸‡jvi welqe¯‘ wb‡P e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv:
m~Î Ges D‡Ïk¨: Gme n¯Í‡¶‡ci j¶¨ wn‡m‡e wKQz †KŠkjMZ D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| D”P ch©v‡qi wKQz j¶¨ †hgb
ÔKgcøv‡qÝ wbwðZ KivÕ †_‡K ÔevRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM evov‡bvÕ BZ¨vwì Aax‡b D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| LvZwUi
cÖavb cÖavb P¨v‡jÄ I evav †gvKv‡ejvi wbwi‡L D”P ch©v‡qi Gme j¶¨ wba©vwiZ|
n¯Í‡¶c: †Kv‡bv P¨v‡jÄ ev cÖwZeÜKZvi we‡kl †Kv‡bv w`K †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó j‡¶¨ Gme c`‡¶‡ci cwiKíbv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÔKx Ki‡Z n‡e?Õ Ñ GB cÖ‡kœi DËi Zz‡j a‡i Gme n¯Í‡¶c|
mywbw`©ó c`‡ÿc: wbw`©ó n¯Í‡¶c ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †hme c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| n¯Í‡ÿc‡K mdj Ki‡Z †hme KvR
m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi GKwU wek` ZvwjKv GwU| ÔwKfv‡e Kiv n‡eÕ Ñ G cÖ‡kœi DËi Av‡Q mywbw`©ó c`‡ÿ‡c|
†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix ms¯’v: n¯Í‡ÿc ev¯Íevq‡b †bZ…Z¡ †`‡e Gme ms¯’v|
mn‡hvnx ms¯’v: Gme ms¯’v n¯Í‡¶c ev¯Íevq‡b †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix ms¯’vi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡e| GQvov Gme ms¯’v `¶Zv, Ávb,
I eënvwiK Ávb AvKv‡i g~jëvb civgk© I KvwiMwi mnvqZv †Ìqvi cvkvcvwk (cÖ‡hvR¨ †ÿ‡Î) AwZwi³ m¤ú` mieivn
Ki‡e| n¯Í‡¶ç‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi cy‡iv mgqKv‡j GB mn‡hvMx ms¯’v¸wj †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix ms¯’vi mv‡_ Lye Nwbôfv‡e KvR
Ki‡e|
mgqmxgv: Dc¯’vwcZ mgqmxgv GK ai‡bi m~PK| cwiKíbv cÖwµqvq GB mgqmxgv cÖv°jb wn‡m‡e Dc¯’vwcZ n‡e|
cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx GB mgqmxgv ms‡kvab Ki‡Z n‡e|

Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ mvaviY Kg©cwiKíbv
cy‡iv Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ mvgwMÖKfv‡e wKQz we‡kl n¯Í‡¶c cÖ‡qvRbxq| LvZwUi Rb¨ wb‡Pi Kg©cwiKíbv¸‡jv mycvwik Kiv n‡jv|
mviwY 9: Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ mvaviY Kg©cwiKíbv

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
m~Î D‡Ïk¨ n¯Í‡¶c mywbw`©ó c`‡¶c mn‡hvMx ms¯’v mgqmxgv
ms¯’v
Kgcøv‡qÝ wbwðZ Kiv
1 evsjv‡`‡k RvZxq, mvgvwRK,  Pvgov Lv‡Zi f¨vjy †PB‡bi (msMÖn †_‡K ïiæ K‡i weµq evwYR¨ I wkí cwi‡ek Awa`ßi (eb, 12 gvm
Pvgov wk‡í cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, ch©šÍ) Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z we`¨gvb Bmy¨¸‡jvi gš¿Yvj‡qi cwi‡ek I Rjevqy (¯^í‡gqv`x)
mvgvwRK, wbivcËvRwbZ, †ckvMZ eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ (†hgb †emjvBb A¨v‡mm‡g›U cwiPvjbv) w`Kwb‡`©kbv cwieZ©b gš¿Yvjq), kÖg
cwi‡ekMZ I I ¯^v¯’¨ welqK bw_e× wPwýZ Kiv| Abymv‡i I Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq,
wbivcËv msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ wb‡`©wkKv  f¨vjy †PBb we‡kølY I Kgcøv‡qÝ wb‡`©wkKv ˆZwii gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k U¨vbvm© weGmwUAvB Ges weGwei
Kgcøv‡qÝ †g‡b Ges mb` cÖ`vb Kg©m~wP mvgvwRK, wbivcËv I SzuwKi welqmn G Lv‡Zi cwi‡ek‡K G‡mvwm‡qkb m‡½ weGdGjGjGdBG
Pjvi gvÎv DbœZ M‡o †Zvjv AviI †UKmB Kivi Rb¨ Dcvq I c`‡¶c wPwýZ Kiv|
Kiv  AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L 9 gvm
RvZxq ch©v‡q Kgcøv‡qÝ mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ gvb`Ð (¯^í‡gqv`x)
ˆZwi‡Z wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZi m‡½ GK‡hv‡M KvR Kiv|
(GwU cÖv_wgKfv‡e †Kej ißvwbgyLx cÖwZôv‡bi †¶‡Î
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡Z cv‡i|) ivmvqwbK Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi mb`c‡Îi
gvb`Ð¸‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK wbwl× Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKv
(AviGmGj) I wkí‡¶‡Î wbwl× Dcv`v‡bi ZvwjKvi
(GgAviGmGj) cvkvcvwk `~lYKvix ivmvqwb‡Ki k~b¨
wbM©g‡bi (†RWwWGBPwm) mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡Z n‡e|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
 ivmvqwbK eënvi welqK w`Kwb‡`©kbv Ges Ab¨vb¨ 9 gvm
Kgcøv‡qÝ Bmy¨‡Z †µZvi cQ‡›ì Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| (¯^í‡gqv`x)
†µZv I Drcv`bKvixi g‡a¨ HKg‡Zï wfwË‡Z
Kgcøv‡qÝ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨K ivmvqwbK `ª‡eï
GKwU ev¯Íem¤§Z msw¶ß ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 wewfbœ ¸”Q‡K †mev †Ìqvi Dc‡hvMx A¨v‡µwW‡Ukb j¨ve 18 gvm
¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GB j¨ve¸‡jvi (ga¨‡gqv`x)
AvšÍR©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ _vKv DwPZ| mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨
Gme j¨v‡ei AvšÍRv© wZK A¨v‡µwW‡Ukb _vK‡Z n‡e| hv
†nvK, weGmwUAvB‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi
hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Pvwn`v I gvb`‡Ð mÿg Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`‡Ði wbZ¨bZzb Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Zvj
†gjv‡bvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k G¨v‡µwW‡Ukb †ev‡W©i (weGwe)
¶gZv I KZ©…Z¡ evov‡Z n‡e|
 Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi PP©v I cÖqvm‡K GwM‡q wb‡Z mb` cÖ`vbKvix
ms¯’v cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges A¨v‡µwW‡Ukb j¨ve¸‡jv‡K
GB ms¯’vi mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY,  Pvgov Lv‡Zi we‡klÁ‡ì mnvqZvq wewUG I evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewUG I 12 gvm
PvgovRvZ cY¨ I weGdGjGjGdBG mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I Kgcøv‡qÝ †m‡ji weGdGjGjGdBGi (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cv`yKvmn mKj Kvh©cwiwa wba©viY Ki‡e| mv‡_ civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z
DcLv‡Zi Rb¨  G Lv‡Zi mswkøó‡ì m‡½ e¨vcK civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z GKwU GjGdGgBGwemn
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I we¯ÍvwiZ cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b (wWwcAvi) cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| mswkøó mwgwZ¸‡jv
Kgcøv‡qÝ †mj ¯’vcb †mjwUi f‚wgKv (6 gv‡mi Rb¨) Kx n‡e Zv GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b welqwU Z`viwK Ki‡e|
Kiv wek`fv‡e ejv _vK‡e|
 wewUG I weGdGjGjGdBG †mjwUi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq
Kg©xi msL¨v wba©viY Ki‡e I Zv‡ì wb‡qvM †`‡e|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
 †mjwU Pvgov Lv‡Z bZzb KviLvbv ¯’vc‡bi †ÿ‡Î
K‡Vvifv‡e Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ð wbwðZ Ki‡e|
 GB †m‡ji Ask wn‡m‡e, Pvgov Lv‡Zi mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU
m¤úwK©Z gvb`Ð¸‡jv DbœZ Ki‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi
Kg©m~wPwfwËK c×wZ MÖnY Kiv hvq †m wel‡q M‡elYv
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKRb civgk©K wb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwUi Gme gvb`Ð evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii
RvZxq j¶¨ Ges †UKmB Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎvi (GmwWwR)
mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© n‡Z cv‡i|
 wewUG I weGdGjGjGdBGi mv‡_ GB †mj‡K mshy³
Ki‡Z n‡e|
evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi  G Lv‡Zi mswkøó‡ì m‡½ e¨vcK civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z GKwU ißvwb Dbœqb evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, 12 gvm
wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx Pvgov we¯ÍvwiZ cÖKí cÖwZ‡e`b (wWwcAvi) cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| ey¨‡iv (Bwcwe) eëmvqx mwgwZ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Bwcwe‡Z †mjwUi f‚wgKv Kx n‡e Zv GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b wek`fv‡e ejv
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I _vK‡e|
Kgcøv‡qÝ †mj ¯’vcb
mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I  Kg©kvjvi †Kvm© KvVv‡gv wba©viY Ñ †Kvm© gwWDj cÖYqb| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq Bwcwei m‡½ civgk©µ‡g 9 gvm
Kgcøv‡qÝ †m‡j wbhy³  Pvgov LvZ m¤úwK©Z mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU I Kgcøv‡qÝ wel‡q wkí gš¿Yvjq, cwi‡ek, (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ K¨vcvwmwU- `¶ AvšÍRv© wZK we‡klÁ‡ì G Kg©kvjv cwiPvjbvi eb I Rjevqy cwieZ©b
wewìs IqvK©kc `vwqZ¡ †Ìqv| gš¿Yvjq (cwi‡ek
Av‡qvRb Kiv  Z`ycwi, Gme K¨vcvwmwU-wewìs IqvK©k‡c cwi‡ek, eb I Awa`ßi), kÖg I
Rjevqy cwieZ©b gš¿Yvjq (cwi‡ek Awa`ßi), kÖg I Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq,
Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq, grm¨ I cÖvwYm¤ú` gš¿Yvjq, Ges grm¨ I cÖvwYm¤ú`
evsjv‡`k e¨vsK, Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I e¨vsKmn G gš¿Yvjq, GbweAvi,
Lv‡Zi mv‡_ mswkøó mKj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖwZôvb‡K AšÍf©z³ wewUG,
Kiv| weGdGjGjGdBG

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mnvqZv Kgcøv‡qÝ wel‡q AvšÍRv© wZK we‡klÁ‡ì Ñ we‡kl K‡i evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewUG, 24 gvm
†c‡Z AvšÍRv© wZK †ckvMZ ¯^v¯’¨ I ivmvqwbK eë¯’vcbvi Rb¨ Ñ Lyu‡R †ei weGdGjGjGdBG I (ga¨‡gqv`x)
Kgcøv‡qÝ we‡klÁ Kiv| mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ mwgwZ
(†ckvMZ, ¯^v¯’¨ I  Pvgov LvZI we‡klfv‡e U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K mnvqZv †Ìqvi
ivmvqwbK eë¯’vcbvi Rb¨ Zuv‡ì‡K 24 gv‡mi Rb¨ wb‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e| evwYR¨
Rb¨) wb‡qv‡M Avw_©K gš¿Yvjq I U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi GB e¨qfvi mgvb fv‡M fvM
mnvqZv †Ìqv K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i|
2 cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì GjGdGgBGwe I  wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡bi Kgcøv‡qÝ †Kvb ch©v‡q Av‡Q Zv wba©viY evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ, 24 gvm
†gŠwjK wewUGi g‡Zv msMV‡bi Ki‡Z Zv‡ì mnvqZvq GKwU Z¡wiZ mgx¶v Pvjv‡Z n‡e| evsjv‡`k †c‡Uªvwjqvg (ga¨‡gqv`x)
Kgcøv‡qÝ cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZv Gi djvdj †_‡K cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ c„_K, me©vwaK K‡c©v‡ikb, Ges kÖg I
evov‡bv evov‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Zviv Kvh©Ki Kgcøv‡qÝ KŠkj Zz‡j aiv hv‡e| Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K  GjGdGgBGwe I wewUGi m¤ú` I Rbe‡ji NvUwZ
AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ð †evSvi Rb¨ mgx¶v Pvjv‡Z n‡e| Gm‡ei m‡½
(mvgvwRK, cwi‡ekMZ, cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgš^q K‡i NvUwZmg~n c~i‡Yi
wbivcËv, `wjjcÎ, c_ Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
ivmvqwbK I †ckvMZ  AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q me‡P‡q fv‡jv PP©v¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv
¯^v¯’¨ I wbivcËv) eRvq Ki‡Z n‡e Ges evsjv‡`‡k Zv ev¯Íevqb Kivi Dcvq †ei
ivL‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
cv‡i  †emiKvwi mb` cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi weKvk Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z
AvšÍR©vwZK mb` cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi m‡½ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vwZK mb` eë¯’v †Rvi`vi Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi myweav I  me U¨vbvwi, PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ 24 gvm
Kgcøv‡qÝ bv _vKvi AskMÖn‡Y cÖwZ wZb gv‡m GKevi Kg©kvjv Av‡qvRb Kiv| (ga¨‡gqv`x)
SzuwK I ÿwZ m¤ú‡K© Kg©kvjvq Ab¨v‡bï g‡a¨ kÖwg‡Ki ¶wZc~iY I Kj¨vY
cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi m‡PZbZv wel‡q w`Kwb‡`©kbv Ges kÖg msµvšÍ AvšÍRv© wZK
evov‡Z RvZxq ch©v‡q Kgcøv‡qÝ wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡ì m‡PZb Kiv n‡e|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Kg©m~wP MÖnY Kiv  wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡bi Kgcøv‡qÝ †Kvb ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Zv j¶¨
ivLv Ges 24 gv‡mi eëav‡b Zv‡ì AMÖMwZ g~j¨vqb
Kiv|
 Kgcøv‡qÝ Kvh©µg¸‡jvi Kvh©KvwiZv †evSvi Rb¨
Z`viwK, ÁvbvR©b I g~j¨vq‡bi cÖ‡Póv Kiv, †hgb
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi axiMwZi g~j KviY AbymÜvb Kiv|
cÖ‡Z¨K ai‡bi  Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g b¨vh¨ I ¯^”Q Kgcøv‡qÝ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ 6 gv‡mi
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi †ÿ‡Î ev¯Íevqb mviwY ˆZwii Dcvq Lyu‡R †ei Kiv| g‡a¨ mviwY
cÖ‡Yv`bv I AšÍivqmg~n  PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKvi‡Ki mv‡_ Kgcøv‡qÝ ˆZwi, Ges 6
D‡jøL K‡i GKwU ev¯Íevqb mviwY hvPvB Kiv| gvm cici
Kgcøv‡qÝ ev¯Íevqb ch©v‡jvPbv
mviwY ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e (¯^í‡gqv`x)
mKj gvb`Ð cix¶vi  AvšÍR©vwZK Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wewfbœ gvb`Ð cix¶v Kivi wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, weGwe, 24 gvm
mvg_©¨ AR©‡bi cvkvcvwk Rb¨ weGwe I weGmwUAvB‡qi m¶gZv ˆZwi Kiv| weGmwUAvB, eëmvqx (ga¨‡gqv`x)
†emiKvwi mb`  AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ð I Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q mwgwZ
cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi †emiKvwi mb` cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi weKvk NU‡Z †Ìqv|
weKv‡k mnvqZv Kivi
Rb¨ weGwe I
weGmwUAvB‡qi m¶gZv
ˆZwi Kiv
RvZxq ch©v‡q mvgvwRK,  f¨vjy †PB‡bi Dci mgx¶v Pvwj‡q G Lv‡Zi cwi‡ekMZ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ 6 gv‡mi
cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU evov‡bvi Dcvq I c`‡¶c wba©viY Kiv g‡a¨ ˆZwi;
wbivcËv, †ckvMZ I Ges LvZwUi Kgcøv‡qÝ welqK w`Kwb‡`©kbv ˆZwi Kiv| cieZ©x 6
¯^v¯’¨ welqK Kgcøv‡qÝ  AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi m‡½ m½wZ †i‡L, RvZxq ch©v‡q gv‡mi g‡a¨
wb‡`©wkKv I mb` cÖ`vb Kgcøv‡qÝ mb` cÖ`v‡bi gvb`Ð ˆZwi‡Z eëmvqx ev¯Íevqb
eë¯’v M‡o †Zvjv mwgwZ¸‡jvi m‡½ GK‡hv‡M KvR Kiv| (¯^í‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
3 LvZwUi AwaKZi fv‡jv eR©¨  cÖ¯‘ZKviK I Avg`vwbKviKiv w¯’wZkxjZv welqK †hme evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ 24 gvm a‡i
w¯’wZkxjZv eë¯’vcbv I R¡vjvwbi AvšÍR©vwZK mb` gvb‡Z eva¨ nq †m¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv| (ga¨‡gqv`x)
wbwðZ Kiv `¶ eënvi c×wZi Rb¨  Gme mb‡ì kZ©vewji m‡½ Drcv`K‡ì Drcv`b
cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì mnvqZv cÖwµqvq we`¨gvb eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv, R¡vjvwb `¶Zv I ¯’vcbv
Kiv `¶Zv msµvšÍ myweavw` wgwj‡q †`Lv|
 Gme mb‡ì kZ© c~i‡Y mnvqZv w`‡Z mÿg Ggb
AvšÍR©vwZK mb` welqK we‡klÁ‡ì wPwýZ Kiv|
 mb‡ì wbix¶vi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv|
 AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v¸‡jvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb I
GK‡hv‡M KvR Kivi m¤¢vebv LwZ‡q †`Lv|
4 mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wbR¯^ mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU  AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi `ÿ we‡klÁ‡ì w`‡q mwgwZi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewUG Ges 9 gvm
wi‡cvU© cÖKvk wi‡cvU© ˆZwi‡Z wewUG I Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡ì mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvwU©s m¤ú‡K© GjGdGgBGwe (¯^í‡gqv`x)
GjGdGgBGwei cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Kiv|
mÿgZv e„w× Kiv| c‡i
Zviv Zv‡ì m`m¨
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K G
e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv Ki‡e|
g~jab cvIqvi my‡hvM
5 g~ja‡bi †hvMvb †hŠw³K nv‡i FY  AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v¸‡jvi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Kivi Rb¨ wkí evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq A_© gš¿Yvjq, A_©‰bwZK 12 gvm
I Zv cvIqvi cÖ`v‡bi cvkvcvwk gš¿Yvjq I evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq A_©‰bwZK m¤úK© wefv‡Mi I wkí gš¿Yvjq m¤úK© wefvM (BAviwW), (¯^í‡gqv`x)
my‡hvM wbwðZ we`¨gvb Znwej (BAviwW) m‡½ mgš^q Ki‡e| Avw_©K cÖwZôvb wefvM
Kiv †hvMvb`vZv Lyu‡R †ei  evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq I wkí gš¿Yvjq wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK (GdAvBwW)
Kivi Rb¨ Avw_©K Avw_©K cÖwZôvb‡KI ej‡Z cv‡i|
cÖwZôvb ev AvšÍR©vwZK  Pvgov Lv‡Zi wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì A_©vqb mnRZi Kivi
Rb¨ e¨vsK¸‡jv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡Z cv‡i A_© gš¿Yvjq|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
ms¯’v KZ©…K we‡kl  U¨vbvwi Ges Ab¨vb¨ PvgovRvZ c‡Yï Rb¨ wMÖb
Znwej MVb Kiv UªvÝd‡g©kb dv‡Ûi GKwU eo Ask eivÏ Kiv|
`¶Zv I eënvwiK Áv‡bi Dbœqb
6 Kg©x I wkí cÖwZôvb I  AvBGjBwU Ges wewUG cÖwZ eQi PvgovRvZ `ª‡eï eëmvqx mwgwZ AvBGjBwU, wk¶v wbw`©ó mgq
eë¯’vcbv ¯Í‡ii wk¶v‡¶‡Îi wbqwgZ Drcv`K I U¨vbvi‡ì‡K Zv‡ì Ávb Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ gš¿Yvjq, Pvgov Lv‡Zi cici
Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ GKwU Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z cv‡i| BÛvw÷ª w¯‹j KvDwÝj
wkí cÖwZôvb I †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g ùvo  AvBGjBwU Ges wewUG wkÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ U¨vbvwi I Ab¨vb¨ (AvBGmwm),
wk¶v‡¶‡Îi Kiv‡bv PvgovRvZ cY¨ ˆZwii KviLvbv cwi`k©‡bi eë¯’v Ki‡Z GbGmwWwm, Lyjbv
†hvMv‡hvM cv‡i| G‡Z Zviv B›Uvb©wk‡ci (12 mßvn ev Zvi †P‡q cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³
evov‡bv †ewk mgq) gva¨‡g GB U¨vbvwi I KviLvbv †_‡K wek¦we`¨vjq (Kz‡qU),
eënvwiK AwfÁZv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Ges Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó
 ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Dci we‡kl †Rvi w`‡q Av`k© cwj‡UKwbK Bbw÷wUDU
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z G·‡PÄ †cÖvMÖvg I G·‡cvRvi wfwR‡Ui
Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 Pvgov Lv‡Z mœvZK‡ì Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z Ges Zv‡ì g‡a¨
†hvMv‡hvM evov‡Z GB B›Uvb©‡ì GKwU Db¥y³ Z_¨fvÐvi
M‡o †Zvjv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 wk‡íi Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z ¯^í‡gqv`x I `xN©‡gqv`x wW‡cøvgv ev
mœvZK †Kvm© (1, 2 Ges 4 eQi †gqv`x) Pvjy Ki‡Z
AvBGjBwU, Kz‡qU I Ab¨vb¨ mswkøó cÖwZôvb‡K mnvqZv
Kiv| mswkøó‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i welqwU g~j¨vqb Kiv
ìKvi|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
7 `¶Zv e„w×i AvBGjBwU Ges GiKg  my‡hvM-myweav I miÄv‡gi eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ ch©v‡jvPbvi
AvBGjBwU ev G eëmvqx mwgwZ, Kz‡qU, 24 gvm
AeKvVv‡gv Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ AvBGjBwU, XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, Kz‡qU Ges eëmvqx ai‡bi Ab¨vb¨ GbGmwWwm, (ga¨‡gqv`x)
DbœZ Kiv my‡hvM-myweav evov‡bv mwgwZmn GiKg Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ Av‡jvPbvi cÖwZôvb weGmwUAvB, BZ¨vw`
eë¯’v Kiv|
 AvBGjBwU, Kz‡qUmn G ai‡bi Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi
myweavw` nvjbvMv` Kivi Rb¨ weGmwUAvB‡qi mv‡_
civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z Gme cÖwZôv‡bi Pvwn`v, AwZwi³
miÄvg, hš¿cvwZ I Kg©xi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wbiƒcY Kiv|
 Pvgov Lv‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôv‡bi g‡Zv K‡i
Gme cÖwZôvb‡K M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq miÄvg
msMÖn Kiv I Rbej wb‡qvM †Ìqv|
 †`‡ki Pvgov Lv‡Zi mÿgZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ AvBGjBwU I
Kz‡q‡Ui g‡Zv f‚wgKv cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx GKwU †`kxq
†emiKvwi cÖwZôvb‡K mnvqZv Kiv|
8 Rbe‡ji U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi Rb¨  Kg©x‡ì mvaviYfv‡e Kx ai‡bi cÖwk¶Y cÖ‡qvRb Zv †Kv‡qj, wewUG Ges AvBGjBwU 36 gvm
Kg©`¶Zv cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwkÿY Rvb‡Z U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv| AvBGjBwU (Pjgvb)
evov‡bv Kg©m~wP Av‡qvRb  Kg©x‡ì †QvU †QvU `‡j fvM K‡i `yB gv‡mi ¯^í‡gqv`x (`xN©‡gqv`x)
wKš‘ wbweo cÖwk¶‡Yi Av‡qvRb Kiv|
 Drcv`bkxjZv welqK wewfbœ gvb`‡Ð Zv‡ì Kvh©µ‡gi
g~j¨vqb Kiv| Gme cÖwk¶‡Ki Z_¨ wb‡q mevi Rb¨
Db¥z³ GKwU Z_¨fvÐvi M‡o †Zvjv|
 GB g~j¨vq‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m© cÖ‡qvRbxq
cwieZ©b Avbv Ges AwaK msL¨K Kg©x‡K AšÍf©z³ Ki‡Z
cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wPi AvIZv evov‡bv|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
9 wk¶K, wk¶Y h_vh_ I ¯^bvgab¨  GKwU AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb wPwýZ Kiv| UzBwbs Askx`vi 6 gvm
c×wZ, Ges AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi  AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i mb‡ì MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ˆZwi‡Z mvnvh¨ evQvB Ki‡e (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cvV¨m~wPi m‡½ UzBwbs Ki‡Z wk¶K, bZzb †Kv‡m©i GjvKv, Kvw•ÿZ djvd‡ji AvBGjBwU Ges
gv‡bvbœqb Kiv Rb¨ UzBwbs‡qi c×wZ I cÖwµqv wba©viY Kiv| Pvgov †Kv‡qj
Lv‡Zi m‡½ mswkøó cÖavb cÖavb cÖwZôv‡bi civgk©µ‡g
cÖYxZ cÖ‡qvRbwfwËK mgx¶v cwiPvjbvi gva¨‡g G¸‡jv
wba©viY Kiv n‡e|
10 M‡elYv I cÖv‡qvwMK M‡elYv  eëmvqx mwgwZ¸‡jv (wewUG, weGdGjGjGdBG) Pvgov AvBGjBwU ev 36 gvm
Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ ey‡qU, Lv‡Z eënvwiK Dc‡hvwMZv Av‡Q Ggb M‡elYvi †ÿÎ Kz‡qU (M‡elYv (`xN©‡gqv`x)
êÁvwbK Kz‡qU Ges mgag©x wPwýZ Ki‡e| (Pvgov wk‡íi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi wfwË‡Z Ges cwiPvjbv Ki‡e)
AMÖMwZi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôvb‡K AvBGjBwU ev Kz‡q‡U Pjgvb M‡elYvi Av‡jv‡K G¸‡jv I eëmvqx
wewb‡qvM Kiv M‡elYv I Dbœqb welqK wba©vwiZ n‡Z cv‡i|) mwgwZi
Aby`vb †Ìqv  wPwýZ M‡elYvi †¶Î¸‡jvi Dci wbf©i K‡i AvBGjBwU (M‡elYvi †¶Î
ev Kz‡q‡U Pvgov Lv‡Zi Dci cÖv‡qvwMK M‡elYv¸‡jv wPwýZ Ki‡e)
Pvjv‡Z cv‡i| mv‡_
weGmwUAvB (G
cÖwµqvq m¤ú„³
_vK‡e)
Drcv`bkxjZv I gvb e„w× Kiv
11 `¶Zv, cÖhyw³ I  U¨vbvwi, cv`yKv I  cÖ‡qvRb wba©vi‡Y mgx¶v cwiPvjbv Ñ cixÿvi †¶Î, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ, 18 †_‡K 24
Drcv`bkxjZvi PvgovRvZ cY¨ cwimi I gvb`Ð| AvBGjBwU gvm
¯Íi DbœZ Kiv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨  cix¶vi †K›`ª ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv wPwýZ GdwWwWAvB, GbwcI, (ga¨‡gqv`x)
Avjv`v KvwiMwi †K›`ª Ki‡Z Ges †K‡›`ªi myweavw` cixÿvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq weGmwUAvB, Ges
¯’vcb K‡i we`¨gvb fwel¨r Pvwn`v wba©viY Ki‡Z m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB mgxÿv weGwei m‡½ civgk©
cix¶vi eë¯’v AviI cwiPvjbv Kiv| Ki‡Z n‡e

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
DbœZ Kiv| KvwiMwi  †K‡›`ªi myweavw` cix¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ,
†K›`ª wb‡Pi KvR¸‡jv miÄvg, I Kg©xi ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z Kiv| we¯ÍvwiZ cÖKí
Ki‡e: cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi Kiv|
 evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z  G‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`k‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb
c‡Yï †fŠZ I AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z Kiv|
ivmvqwbK gvb
evov‡bvi Rb¨
¯^bvgab¨ AvšÍRv© wZK
cÖwZôv‡bi mnvqZvq
evsjv‡`wk c‡Yï
†fŠZ ¸Yv¸Y I Zv‡Z
ivmvqwb‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ
cix¶v Kivi we‡kl
eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e|
 M‡elYv I Dbœqb
cybwe©b¨¯Í Kiv
¯^bvgab¨ AvšÍRv© wZK  cÖwk¶‡Yi †ÿ‡Î AvšÍRv© wZKfv‡e mycÖwZwôZ cÖwZôvb Lyu‡R evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq we‡`‡k cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ †gvU 36 gvm
cÖwZôv‡bi †Kvm© Abyhvqx †ei Kiv| cÖwk¶K‡ì wPwýZ I M‡elYv: 3
cÖwkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY  cÖwZôvb wbe©vP‡b GKwU c×wZ ˆZwi Kiv| wbe©vwPZ Ki‡e wewfbœ gvm,
w`‡q G Lv‡Zi Rb¨  Kg©x‡ì Kv‡Ri g~j¨vqb K‡i cÖwZôvb¸‡jv AwaKZi eëmvqx mwgwZ I cwiKíbv: 6
GK`j cÖwkÿK M‡o cÖwk¶Y MÖnY Ki‡Z we‡`‡k cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ wKQz cÖwk¶K GbGmwWwmi †m±i w¯‹j gvm,
†Zvjv evQvB Ki‡e| KvDwÝj ev¯Íevqb 1g
 AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwk¶Y m¤úbœ Kivi ci GB cÖwkw¶Z ce©: 12 gvm,
cÖwk¶KMY †`‡k wd‡i Ab¨‡ì gv‡S Zv‡ì AwR©Z Ávb ev¯Íevqb 2q
Qwo‡q †`‡eb| ce©: 15 gvm
(`xN©‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb  cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’vi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Kiv, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ, 6 gvm
eë¯’vi †¶‡Î AvšÍR©vwZK †miv gvb eRvq †i‡L Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ GbGmwWwmi †m±i w¯‹j (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖvwZôvwbK c×wZ‡K cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwk¶Y Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv, Ges KvDwÝj
DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z miKvwi-†emiKvwi AskMÖnY e„w× Kiv Ñ A_©vr cÖwk¶Y
†emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ`v‡b wcwcwc g‡Wj‡K mvg‡b wb‡q Avmv|
GKwU Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y  we`¨gvb cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’vi mxgve×Zv Ges Kvh©µ‡gi
cÖ`vb eë¯’v M‡o †Zvjv DrKl© mva‡bi Dcvq wPwýZ Kiv, hv‡Z K‡i cÖwkw¶Z
Kg©xiv wk‡íi gvb`Ð AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K M‡elYvq Dc¯’vwcZ mycvwikgvjv
ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡qvwRZ Kiv|
†Kv‡bv ¯^bvgab¨  BÛvw÷ª w¯‹j KvDwÝj di †j`vi Ges †Kv‡q‡ji mv‡_ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 60 gvm
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb‡K †hŠ_fv‡e KvR K‡i Lyu‡R †`Lv †h we`¨gvb cÖwk¶Y (`xN©‡gqv`x)
m‡½ wb‡q kÖgkw³i Rb¨ Kg©m~wP¸‡jv cÖZ¨qb Kivi Rb¨ Zviv †Kv‡bv AvšÍRv© wZK
GKwU cix¶vwbf©i mb` cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv|
cÖ`vb eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv  mb`cÖvß cÖwk¶Y MÖnYKvix †c‡Z cÖ‡Yv`bvi eë¯’v Kiv|
miKvi I cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv e¨q fvMvfvwM Ki‡e| kÖwgK‡ì
Gme mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡b wewb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv
Avw_©K I Ab¨vb¨ myweav †c‡Z cv‡i|
cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni g‡a¨  Drcv`b cÖwµqv, eë¯’vcbv, i¶Yv‡e¶Y, mieivn Dchy³ eëmvqx ey‡qU, AvBGjBwU I 18 gvm
cÖwZ‡hvwMZv evov‡Z BZ¨vwì DbœwZi Rb¨ cÖ‡KŠkj cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ KvR K‡i mwgwZ Abyiƒc cÖwZôvb (ga¨‡gqv`x)
Drcv`b cÖwµqvq jvfRbK cÖwZôv‡bi c×wZ g~j¨vqb, wPwýZKiY I cÖ‡qvM
Drcv`bkxjZv evov‡bvi Kiv|
†KŠkj cÖ‡qvM
cv`yKv I PvgovRvZ cY¨  `¶Zvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB Ggb cÖwµqv I †ÿÎ wPwýZ Kivi Dchy³ 12 gvm
Drcv`‡b `¶Zvi Rb¨ PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`bKvixiv cÖ¯‘ZKviK cÖ¯‘ZKviK (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖ‡qvRbnxbZvi (A_©vr, mwgwZi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e KvR Ki‡e| mwgwZ

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Drcv`b cÖwµqvq
¯^qswµq eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv
ev `¶Zvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
Kwg‡q Avbvi) †ÿÎ
wPwýZ Kiv
12 d¨vkb I  PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges  GB bKkv †K‡›`ªi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Rvb‡Z m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, weWv, 24 gvm
bKkvi mvg_©¨ cv`yKvi Rb¨ bKkv, mgxÿv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| G cÖwµqvq bKkv †K›`ª cwiPvjbvi Bwcwe I wewfbœ we‡`wk (ga¨‡gqv`x)
evov‡bv Ges Dbœqb I d¨vkb †K›`ª Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvwiMwi eënvwiK Ávb, eë¯’vcbv, I `~Zvevm
†`‡ki Pvgov ¯’vcb Kiv cÖhyw³ welqK Ávbm¤úbœ e¨w³‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wba©viY
Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e| G mgxÿvq cÖwZôv‡bi Af¨šÍixY cÖwµqvi
mnvqZv Kiv Dbœq‡b cwiPvwjZ Kg©KvÐ Ges mvg‡_©ï we`¨gvb
cwiw¯’wZI wbY©q Kiv n‡e| bKkv †K›`ª eënv‡ii
Dc‡hvMx we`¨gvb Kg©x‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq mvg_©¨ evov‡bvi
iƒc‡iLvI _vK‡e G mgxÿvq|
 G ÷zwWIwU Ggbfv‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e †hb Zv
AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© nq|
 †h cÖwZôv‡b G ÷zwWIwU ˆZwi Kiv n‡e, hviv GwU evbv‡e,
Pvjv‡e, i¶Yv‡e¶Y Ki‡e Ges eënvwiK Ávb Qwo‡q
†`‡e †m cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb I Zvi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nIqv| G
ai‡bi iƒcvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g AwiwRbvj wWRvBb
g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis (IwWGg) KvivLvbvq cwiYZ n‡Z AvMÖnx
I cÖ¯‘Z Ggb wKQz AMÖmi cÖwZôvb‡K wPwýZ Kiv|
 cÖavb cÖavb eª¨vÛ Drcv`bKvix cÖwZôvb I LyPiv we‡µZvi
ga¨ †_‡K †hŠ_ wewb‡qvM I GdwWAvB †LuvRv I AvK…ó
Kiv|
 wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Rb¨ Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m Z¡ivwš^Z Kiv|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
 IBGg (†h cÖwZôvb Ab¨ cÖwZôv‡bi Drcvw`Z cY¨ wewµ
K‡i) †_‡K IwWGg KviLvbvq iƒcvšÍ‡ii my‡hvM ˆZwi‡Z
mnvqK bxwZ cÖYqb Kiv|
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwk¶Y Ges  mnvqZv †bIqvi Rb¨ AvšÍRv© wZK wWRvBb ¯‹zj ev cÖwZôvb wkí gš¿Yvjq GjGdGgBGwe I 1 gvm
wewbgq Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g AbymÜvb| †Kv‡q‡ji g‡Zv eëmvqx (cÖwZôvb
bKkv †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ `¶  G wk‡íi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯^í‡gqv`x Ges `xN©‡gqv`x mwgwZi m‡½ wbe©vP‡bi
Rbej M‡o †Zvjv cÖwk¶Y Kvh©µg AbymÜvb| civgk©µ‡g evwYR¨ Rb¨)
 wbR¯^ Bbw÷wUD‡U AwR©Z mvdj¨ ev RvZxq cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi gš¿Yvjq 36 gvm
Dci wfwË K‡i bKkvi cÖwk¶Yv_©x wbe©vPb| (ev¯Íevq‡bi
 wewbgq Kg©m~wP‡Z mnvqZv: cÖwkw¶Z wkÿv_©xiv mnKg©x‡ì Rb¨)
cÖwk¶Y †`‡e Ges AwR©Z Ávb Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †`‡e (`xN©‡gqv`x)
 †`‡ki bKkv †K‡›`ª KvR Kivi Rb¨ we‡`wk QvÎ‡ì
Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ges Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Avjv`v
Avjv`v cÖ¯‘ZKvi‡Ki mv‡_ KvR K‡i bZzb bKkv ˆZwi I
Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R Zv‡ì mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|
evsjv‡`‡ki  ¯’vbxq cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv †hme AvšÍR©vwZK bKkvKv‡ii mv‡_ wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq I 60 gvm
bKkvKvi‡ì mv‡_ KvR KvR Ki‡Z AvMÖnx Zv‡ì wPwýZ Kiv| Dchy³ eëmvqx mwgwZ (Pjgvb)
Kivi Rb¨ cÖwZwôZ  AvšÍR©vwZK bKkvKvi‡ì wWRvBb Bbw÷wUD‡U KvR Kivi Ges Pvgov wk‡íi (`xN©‡gqv`x)
bKkvKvi‡ì wb‡q Avmv Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z n‡e| Ges cÖ‡Z¨K bKkvKvi bZzb GKRb cÖwZwbwa
bKkv ˆZwi‡Z GKwUgvÎ cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡K mn‡hvwMZv
Ki‡e|
evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨  d¨vkb I bKkvi Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z GKB ai‡bi †idv‡iÝ Dchy³ eëmvqx 60 gvm
GKwU †idv‡iÝ jvB‡eªwi jvB‡eªwi Av‡Q Ggb AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôvb ev ms¯’vmg~n mwgwZ (Pjgvb)
cÖwZôv Kiv wPwýZ Kiv| (`xN©‡gqv`x)
 d¨vkb I wWRvBb †m›Uv‡ii Ask wn‡m‡e †idv‡iÝ
jvB‡eªwii Rb¨ AwWI I wfwWI DcKiY msMÖn Kiv|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
G Lv‡Zi m¤¢vebv Zz‡j  PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKvi †ÿ‡Î me©‡kl D™¢vebmg~n Zz‡j Dchy³ eëmvqx 36 gvm
ai‡Z Ges G Lv‡Z ai‡Z cÖwZ eQi cÖ`k©bx I †kv Av‡qvRb Kiv| mwgwZ (Pjgvb)
m„Rbkxj e¨w³‡ì  G LvZ‡K Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM wn‡m‡e Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ (`xN©‡gqv`x)
AvK…ó Ki‡Z cÖ`k©bx, ¯‹zj-K‡j‡R Gi cÖe„w× I m¤¢vebvi K_v cÖPvi Kiv|
†kv I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi
Av‡qvRb Kiv
bxwZ I wewagvjv mnRZi Kiv
13 cybtißvwbi Rb¨ wdwbkW cY¨ cybtißvwbi  cybtißvwbi Rb¨ KuvPvgv‡ji †¶‡Î cwi‡ek Awa`ß‡ii evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq cwi‡ek Awa`ßi,
KuvPvgvj Rb¨ KuvPvgvj Avg`vwbi QvocÎ cvIqvi wbqg mnR Kiv| RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©
Avg`vwbi cÖwµqv mnR Kiv  Avg`vwbi bxwZgvjvq ißvwb cÖe„w×i mnvqK wbqg I wewa
RwUjZv Kgv‡bv wbwðZ Kiv|
 KuvPvgvj Avg`vwb Kivi Rb¨ cwi‡ek Awaß‡ii QvocÎ
†Ìqvi †¶‡Î Dchy³ I †hŠw³K mgqmxgv wba©viY Kiv|
 ïé bxwZ I e›`‡ii Kvh©cÖYvwj‡K ißvwb I cybtißvwbi
Rb¨ mnvqK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjv|
14 Avg`vwbK…Z ißvwbKviK‡ì †Ìqv  ißvwbgyLx mKj Pvgov I PvgovRvZ cY¨ Drcv`bKvix‡ì evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, 12 gvm
KuvPvgvj I BDwUjvB‡Rkb GmweWweøDGBP myweav cÖ`vb| U¨vwid Kwgkb, ïé (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Drcv`b wWK¬v‡ikb ch©v‡jvPbv  h_vh_ QvocÎ I †fwUs _vKv mv‡c‡ÿ mve-K›Uªv‡±i wefvM
DcKi‡Yi LiP Kivi Rb¨ eëmvqx mn‡hvMx‡ì GmweWweøDGBP DcKiY eënv‡ii my‡hvM
Kgv‡bv Ges mwgwZ‡K Aby‡gv`b cÖ`vb|
PvgovRvZ cÖ`vb
cv`yKv Lv‡Zi DcKiY Drcv`bKvix  we`¨gvb cðvrgyLx mshy³ wk‡íi Dbœq‡b cÖ‡Yv`bvi eë¯’v A_© gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, RvZxq 12 gvm
cðvrgyLx wk‡í wewb‡qvM DrmvwnZ Kiv| GB cÖ‡Yv`bvi g‡a¨ Ki gIKzd †_‡K ïiæ K‡i bvbv ivR¯^ †evW©, U¨vwid (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Kiv, hv evsjv‡`wk welq _vK‡Z cv‡i; D`viniY¯îƒc, bZzb wewb‡qvM I

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
ms‡hv‡Mi DbœwZ cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì Pvwn`v cðvrgyLx mshy³ wk‡íi Rb¨ 35 kZvsk AePqb I 15 Kwgkb, ïé wefvM,
mvab c~iY Ki‡e kZvsk wewb‡qvM fvZv †hvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ
†UªwWs nvD‡mi g‡Zv  miKvi evav AcmviY Ki‡e Ges Gme †UªwWs nvDR evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW© 12 gvm
¯^vaxb eëmv cÖwZôvb‡K ¯’vc‡b D‡`¨v³v‡ì AbygwZ †`‡e| (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Drcv`b DcKiY  miKvi G Lv‡Zi Rb¨ wbqgKvbyb I wewagvjv cÖYqb
Avg`vwb I gRy‡ì Ki‡e|
AbygwZ †Ìqv, hv  Gme DcKiY Avg`vwbKviK‡ì g‡a¨ hviv GK eQi
PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv mwµq Av‡Q (m¤¢ve¨) Zv‡ì Rb¨ RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©
cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv cÖ‡qvRb GKwU e‡ÛW Aq¨vinvDR ¯’vcb Ki‡e|
mv‡c‡ÿ eënvi Ki‡Z
cvi‡e
15 g~jab cÖvc¨Zvi Pvgov Lv‡Zi †hme  ißvwb Dbœqb Znwe‡j Pvgov Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Znwe‡ji eivÏ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq A_© gš¿Yvjq 12 gvm
DbœwZ mvab cÖ¯‘ZKviK bZzb cÖhyw³ evov‡bv| (¯^í‡gqv`x)
ev Kgcøv‡qÝ m¤úwK©Z  e¨vsK my‡ì nvi Kgv‡Z n‡e Ges mn‡R FY cvIqvi
D‡`¨v‡M wewb‡qvM Ki‡Q eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
Zv‡ì Rb¨ µgea©gvb  Kgcøv‡qÝ, f¨vjy †PB‡bi DbœwZ I evRv‡ii m¤úªmvi‡Yi A_© gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, 12 gvm
Znwej cvIqvi my‡hvM g‡Zv D‡Ïk¨ c~iYKvix‡K Kg my‡` kZ©mv‡cÿ g~jab evsjv‡`k e¨vsK (¯^í‡gqv`x)
K‡i †Ìqv w`‡Z FY-myweavi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
16 mvgvwRK, †hme cÖwZôvb  mg¯Í AwMœ wbivcËv miÄvg Ges Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ A_© gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, 12 gvm
wbivcËvRwbZ Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ Ab¨vb¨ miÄvg Avg`vwb‡Z ïé cÖ`v‡b Ae¨vnwZ †Ìqv| U¨vwid Kwgkb, ïé (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Ges cwi‡ekMZ D‡`¨vM MÖn‡Y AvšÍwiKZv wefvM
Kgcøv‡qÝ †`wL‡q‡Q ev D‡`¨vM  Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj wW‡dÝ dvÛ I wMÖb UªvÝd‡g©kb dv‡Ûi A_© gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, 12 gvm
GwM‡q †bIqv MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì AvIZvq Pvgov I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Rb¨ eivÏ e„w× Kiv| evsjv‡`k e¨vsK (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`bv ev Ki  wjW mb`cÖvß PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv Lv‡Zi A_© gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, 12 gvm
KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K Ki myweav cÖ`vb| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq (¯^í‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
†iqvZ †Ìqvi eë¯’v  eª¨vwÛs DcKiY wn‡m‡e mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU wi‡cvU© cÖKvk‡K evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, 9 gvm
Kiv wbw`©ó A_© DcvR©bKvix cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Ges Ab¨‡ì Rb¨ Hw”QK ivLv|
17 evwYR¨ I wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨  miKvi‡K AwMÖg AvqKi, m¤ú~iK AvqKi I Avg`vwb RvZxq ivR¯^ mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi 12-18 gvm
wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ c~e©vbygv‡bi my‡hvM ï‡éi nvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K c`‡¶c cuvP eQi mg‡qi †evW© (A_© mv‡_ mgš^q K‡i A_© (ga¨‡gqv`x)
bxwZ cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv Ges Rb¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e| Avw_©K bxwZ‡Z Nb Nb I gš¿Yvj‡qi gš¿Yvjq, evwYR¨
DbœZ Kiv cwiKíbv SzuwK Kgv‡bv AcÖZ¨vwkZ cwieZ©b wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì Av¯’v bó K‡i, Af¨šÍixY m¤ú` gš¿Yvjq
eëmvi e¨q evovq Ges D‡`¨v³v‡ì ga¨‡gqv`x ev wefvM)
`xN©‡gqv`x cwiKíbv Kivi m¶gZv Kwg‡q †`q|
 eëmvqx mwgwZ ch©v‡q M„nxZ D‡`¨v‡Mi mg_©bKvix evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, Pjgvb
cÖgvYwfwËK wewagvjv I bxwZgvjv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ U¨vwid Kwgkb, ißvwb
wewawb‡la I bxwZgvjvi cÖfve we‡kølY Kiv| Dbœqb ey¨‡iv
(Drcv`bKvix I †`‡ki kxl©¯’vbxq M‡elYv ms¯’v¸‡jvi
mv‡_ civgk©µ‡g GKwU KwgwU MVb Kiv, hvi KvR n‡e
K‡ii nvi I ï‡éi me©‡kl cwiw¯’wZ wbqwgZ ch©v‡jvPbv
Kiv Ges Zvi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq civgk© †Ìqv|)
evwYR¨ welqK  Pvgov I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi bgybv cvVv‡bvi KvRwU `ªæZ A_© gš¿Yvjq RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©, 9 gvm
eë¯’vewji DbœwZ mvab cÖwµqvKi‡Yi Rb¨ we‡kl ïé †K›`ª ¯’vcb Kiv| ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv, (¯^í‡gqv`x)
wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ
evRvi cÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM evov‡bv
18 we`¨gvb I bZzb e¨vcK ißvwb wecY‡bi  ißvwb Dbœq‡bi †K›`ª wn‡m‡e ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv‡K ißvwb Dbœqb evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, A_© 12 gvm, Ges
evRv‡i Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Pzw³i (Bwcwe) kw³kvjx Kiv| ey¨‡iv gš¿Yvjq, wewfbœ eëmvqx Zvici
PvgovRvZ cY¨ kZ© wjwce× Kiv  eëmv Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ we¯ÍvwiZ †KŠkj cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ mwgwZ Pjgvb
ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡ivi (Bwcwe) mÿgZv evov‡bv| (ga¨‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì AvšÍR©vwZK †µZviv †h eo eo wWwRUvj gv‡K©wUs cøvUdg©
cÖ‡ek DbœZ Kiv eënvi K‡i Zv‡Z AšÍfz©³ nIqvi Dci Gme †KŠkj‡K
Aek¨B h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
 we‡`wk Avg`vwbKviK‡ì mv‡_ we‡`wk wgkb¸‡jvi m¤úK©
welqK Kvh©µg ZË¡veav‡b †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi GKwU
me©Rbxb KwgwU Ki‡Z n‡e| ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv‡Z GKwU
kw³kvjx Z`viwK eë¯’v M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e Ges evwYR¨
gš¿Yvjq gvwmK ch©v‡jvPbv wbwðZ Ki‡e|
 eëmvqx mwgwZ I †emiKvwi ch©v‡qi gvwjKiv LyPiv
we‡µZv, †µZv, Avg`vwbKviK, I miKv‡ii mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM ivL‡e| we‡`wk wgkb¸‡jv Zv‡ì‡K me ai‡bi
mnvqZv †`‡e|
19 ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki P¨v‡jÄ wPwýZ Kiv Ges  ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi c‡ii evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq U¨vwid Kwgkb, ißvwb 12 gvm
ZvwjKv †_‡K bZzb cwiw¯’wZ P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv g~j¨vqb Kiv| wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’v (WweøDwUI) Dbœqb ey¨‡iv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
DËi‡Yi c‡i †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ †KŠkj wba©vwiZ Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki AZ¨vek¨K kZ©vewj m¤ú‡K©
D™¢‚Z cÖYqb Rvbv| ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K DËi‡Yi c‡ii
P¨v‡jÄmg~n P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvi †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv|
†gvKv‡ejvi  miKv‡ii Rbej KvVv‡gv, †hgb ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv
cÖ¯‘wZ †bIqv †_‡K DËi‡Yi ci D™¢‚Z P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvq bZzb wb‡qvM
I m¶gZv m„wói gva¨‡g eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k wmwfj mvwf©m
†UªW K¨vWvi‡K cybiæ¾xweZ Kiv|
 †R‡bfvq Aew¯’Z WweøDwUI Kvh©vj‡qi m¶gZv I Ae¯’vb
kw³kvjx Kiv| G‡Z fv‡jv GKv‡WwgK Ges †ckvMZ
mvd‡jï AwaKvix AwfÁ Kg©KZ©v wb‡qvM †Ìqv DwPZ|
 we‡`‡ki wgkb‡K Zv‡ì GLvwZqv‡ii g‡a¨ evRvi
m¤cÖmvi‡Y mnvqZv Kivi mywbw`©ó `vwqZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
 eëmvqx mwgwZ I M‡elYv ms¯’v¸‡jvi mv‡_ civgk©µ‡g
U¨vwid Kwgkb‡K GKwU wek` I me©v½xY M‡elYv Pvjv‡Z
n‡e|
20 we‡`‡ki wewfbœ †`k m¤ú‡K©  Rbms‡hvM cÖwZôv‡bi `vwqZ¡, f‚wgKv I j¶¨mg~n D‡jøL evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv I 36 gvm
wbe©vwPZ evRv‡i we‡klÁ ev Rbms‡hvM K‡i we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Pzw³i kZ© ˆZwi Kiv| GjGdGgBGwei g‡Zv (`xN©‡gqv`x)
†`k I wk‡íi cÖwZôvb‡K w`‡q  Rbms‡hvM cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb Kivi ci Zv eëmvqx mwgwZi eëmvqx mwgwZ
fveg~wZ© Dbœqb eQie¨vcx cÖPviYv m‡½ KvR Ki‡e| Ab¨w`‡K PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv
Pvjv‡bv Ges Zvici cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv †`‡ki PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi
Pvgov Lv‡Zi cÖavb cÖmv‡ii Dcvq Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡e|
cÖavb ißvwbKvi‡Ki
AskMÖn‡Y me ai‡bi
c‡Yï cmiv wb‡q we‡kl
cÖ`k©bx ev †gjv
Av‡qvRb
Pvgov Lv‡Zi Dci  G cÖwµqvq †bZ…Z¡ w`‡Z bKkv ˆZwi cÖwZôvb ev ms¯’v wewfbœ eëmvqx ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv 24 gvm
GKwU mwPÎ g¨vMvwRb †_‡K GK`j bKkvKvi wbe©vPb| mwgwZ (Pjgvb)
cÖKvk Kiv  eëmvqx mwgwZi mn‡hvwMZvq g¨vMvwR‡bi bKkv Kiv| (ga¨‡gqv`x)
 g¨vMvwRb¸‡jv we‡`‡k Aew¯’Z `~Zvevm, mswkøó eª¨vÛ,
LyPiv we‡µZv I Avg`vwbKviK‡ì nv‡Zi bvMv‡j †cuŠ‡Q
w`‡Z n‡e|
wbw`©ó evRv‡i  RbwcÖq AvšÍRv© wZK cwÎKvq PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwb Dbœqb wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ 24 gvm
cÖfvewe¯ÍviKvix m¤ú‡K© KzkjZvi m‡½ †j‡Lb Ggb AvšÍRv© wZK mvsevw`K ey¨‡iv (Pjgvb)
we‡klÁ‡ì evsjv‡`k I Pvgov we‡klÁ‡ì wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| (ga¨‡gqv`x)
mdi Ki‡Z Ges †`‡ki  Pvgov wk‡íi `¶Zv †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ Zv‡ì‡K GK mßv‡ni
m¶gZv wb‡q †jLvi md‡ii Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡Z n‡e|
Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
ißvwb eûgyLxKi‡Yi  bKkv †K›`ª GjGdGgBGwei g‡Zv eëmvqx mwgwZi wewfbœ eëmvqx evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, ißvwb 36 gvm
mvaviY cY¨ AbymÜvb mn‡hvwMZvq AvšÍR©vwZK cwÎKv¸‡jv wPwýZ Ki‡e Ges G mwgwZ Dbœqb ey¨‡iv (`xN©‡gqv`x)
cÖwµqvq mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z Lv‡Zi me©‡kl bKkv I d¨vkb cÖKv‡k mnvqZv Ki‡e|
cÖ_gmvwii AvšÍRv© wZK  bZzb evRvi m„wó I bZzb c‡Yï Rb¨ ˆZwi †cvkvK Lv‡Z
cwÎKvq cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì 3 kZvsk bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv †Ìqv nq| G cÖ‡Yv`bvi
weÁvcb w`‡Z mnvqZv Zzjbvg~jK Kvh©KvwiZvi cÖv‡qvwMK we‡kølY mv‡c‡ÿ
Kiv Ab¨vb¨ ißvwb Lv‡ZI GKB cÖ‡Yv`bv †Ìqv DwPZ|
21 eo eo Zv‡ì cY¨ cÖ`k©‡bi  wb‡R‡ì cY¨m¤¢vi cÖ`k©b Ges m¤¢ve¨ †µZv, eª¨vÛ I evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq GjGdGgBGwe, weWv 12 gvm
Avg`vwbKviK Rb¨ GKwU cøvUdg© ˆZwi LyPiv we‡µZvi mv‡_ cÖ¯‘ZKviK‡ì †hvMv‡hvM NUv‡bvi cÖf…wZ eëmvqx mwgwZ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
ev eª¨v‡Ûi m‡½ Kiv Rb¨ AvMvgx cuvP eQi evsjv‡`‡k evwl©K Ô†mvwm©s †kvÕ
†hvMv‡hvM Av‡qvRb Kiv|
¯’vc‡b  we‡`wk evwYR¨‡gjvq AskMÖnY eiv AZ¨šÍ e¨qeûj weavq
cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Rb¨ cÖvq Am¤¢e n‡q c‡o| ZvB
mnvqZv Kiv Ô†mvwm©s-†kvÕ‡Z Zv‡ì e¨vcKfv‡e RwoZ _vKv DwPZ|
22 wewfbœ c‡¶i we`¨gvb †j`vi †m±i  msjv‡ci cøvUdg©‡K kw³kvjx Kiv| GLv‡b mg¯Í wkí evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ, 9 gvm
g‡a¨ msjvc weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb mwgwZ cÖwZ wZb gv‡m GKevi wgwjZ n‡q Zv‡ì Ae¯’v weR‡bm cÖ‡gvkb (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Av‡qvRb KvDwÝj‡K Ges wkí m¤úwK©Z †h‡Kv‡bv welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z KvDwÝj (wewcwm)
(GjGmwewcwm) cv‡i| GwU evwYR¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi bxwZ I wewawb‡la msµvšÍ
kw³kvjx Kiv welqvewj m¤ú‡K© AvbyôvwbK cÖwZwµqv Rvbv‡bvi eë¯’v
n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| ißvwb iƒc‡iLv ev¯Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ
g~j¨vqb wKsev Ab¨ †h‡Kv‡bv P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡ZI
G‡K eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 M‡elYv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ M‡elY‡K›`ª ev kvLv ˆZwi Ki‡Z
mwgwZ¸‡jvi m¶gZv ˆZwi Kiv| mgxÿv †_‡K Zviv
evRv‡ii cÖeYZv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv GB
cøvUd‡g© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
we‡`wk wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y
23 Ab¨vb¨ †`k m¤¢ve¨ wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì  weWv‡K Awej‡¤^ Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖavbgš¿xi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, RvZxq PvgovRvZ
†_‡K we‡`wk Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡Z mvnvh¨  Ki eë¯’vi c~e©vbygvb ¯^”Q n‡Z n‡e Ges AšÍZ cieZ©x Kvh©vjq ivR¯^ †evW©, evsjv‡`k cY¨ Ges
wewb‡qvM AvK…ó Kivi Rb¨ evRvi cuvP eQ‡ii Rb¨ Zv envj _vK‡Z n‡e| e¨vsK, weWv, mswkøó cv`yKv
Kiv m¤ú‡K© AwfÁ, Pvgov  e›ì myweav DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges cY¨ Pvjv‡bi wjW eëmv cÖwZôvb Drcv`K‡ì
Lv‡Zi we‡klÁ wb‡qvM UvBg Kwg‡q Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZ‡hvMx †`‡ki mgch©v‡q wb‡Z cÖwZwUi Rb¨
Kiv n‡e| 12 gvm K‡i
 ïé eë¯’v mij Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
†mev cÖ`vb K‡Vvifv‡e wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì AvK…ó Ki‡Z e¨vswKs eë¯’v
mnR I eëmvevÜe n‡Z n‡e|
 we‡`‡k Aew¯’Z `~Zvevm‡K we‡`wk wewb‡qvM evov‡bvi
wbw`©ó `vwqZ¡ I j¶¨ wba©viY K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
 †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M eëmv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AvBbKvbyb I
wewaweavb mij Ki‡Z n‡e|
 ZvBIqvb, Pxbmn Ab¨ †hme †`k wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ bZzb
RvqMv LyuR‡Q Zv‡ì mv‡_ weWv‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e
†hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
 eo eo cÿ, eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZvi mv‡_ weWv‡K
AvbyôvwbKfv‡e †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
 ¯’vbxq mvgMÖxi cÖmvi, g~j¨ ms‡hvRb I m¶gZv ˆZwii
Rb¨ bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv w`‡Z n‡e|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
êwPÎ¨c~Y© bZzb cY¨ ˆZwi
24 evsjv‡`‡ki bZzb c‡Yï †¶Î  êwPÎ¨c~Y© cY¨ ˆZwi‡Z eª¨vÛ, LyPiv we‡µZv I GjGdGgBGwe, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 6 †_‡K 8
Pvgov Lv‡Z cY¨ AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ Pvgov wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì m¤ú„³ Kiv| Bwc gvm
eûgyLxKi‡Yi wk‡íi m¶gZv e„w× Kiv  cÖ‡Yv`bv w`‡q M‡elYv I Dbœqb mnvqK myweavwì eë¯’v AM©vbvB‡Rkb (¯^í‡gqv`x)
m¤¢vebv hvPvB Kiv|
 miKvi ev Dbœqb mn‡hvMx‡ì mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e d¨vkb I
wWRvBb †m›Uvi cÖwZôv Kiv|
 bZzb bZzb cY¨ D™¢veb I weKvk Ges †m¸‡jvi wecY‡b
wb‡qvwRZ cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Rb¨ SzuwK Kgv‡bvi †KŠkj Lyu‡R
†ei Kiv|
 g~j¨ ms‡hvwRZ cY¨ ˆZwii Rb¨ cÖ‡Yv`bv †Ìqv Ges †m
Abyhvqx f¨vjy †PBb AbymiY Kiv|
 bZzb evRv‡i (†hgb ivwkqv) m¤cÖmvi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
evav`vbKvix evwYR¨ cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv|
25 fv‡jv `vg KzwUiwk‡íi ¸”Q  KzwUiwkí ¸”Q †_‡K cY¨ wKb‡Z eo LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wbw`©ó ¸‡”Qi eëmvqx 9 gvm
cvIqvi g‡Zv wefvRb Ges DrmvwnZ Kiv| mwgwZ, wbw`©ó LyPiv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
DbœZgv‡bi cY¨ evsjv‡`‡ki PvgovRvZ we‡µZv Ges weWv
ˆZwii Rb¨ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Z Zv
KzwUiwkí RvZxq cÖ‡qv‡Mi Dcvqmg~n
¶z`ª D‡`¨v‡Mi m¤ú‡K© †evSvi Rb¨
DrKl© mvab M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiv

Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ Kg©cwiKíbv
mvaviY n¯Í‡¶c QvovI U¨vbvwi ev Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ wKQz AwZwi³ n¯Í‡¶c ìKvi| G DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ wb‡Pi Kg©cwiKíbv¸‡jv mycvwik Kiv n‡jv:
mviwY 10: Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Kg©cwiKíbv

m~Î D‡Ïk¨ n¯Í‡¶c mywbw`©ó c`‡¶c †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix ms¯’v mn‡hvMx ms¯’v mgqmxgv
1 Awej‡¤^ nvRvixevM mgqg‡Zv ¯’vbvšÍi m¤úbœ  Rwg I gvwjKvbv n¯ÍvšÍi m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| wkí gš¿Yvjq wewmK, A_© 18 gvm
†_‡K U¨vbvwi Kiv gš¿Yvjq (ga¨‡gqv`x)
¯’vbvšÍi m¤úbœ mnvqZvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii  Ki †iqvZ
Ki‡Z n‡e †Ìqv A½xKvi c~iY I  g~ja‡bi cwiwgZ I hyw³m½Z †hvMvb
wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e  cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj cwi‡levi eë¯’v (iv¯Ív, we`y¨r mieivn,
cvwb mieivn, BZ¨vw`)
 mg¯Í Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ð †g‡b cwic~Y©iƒ‡c wmBwUwc Pvjy
Kiv
mgqg‡Zv cÖwµqvwU  KviLvbv gvwjKiv hv‡Z miKv‡ii mv‡_ Kiv mKj wewmK wkí gš¿Yvjq Ges 12 gvm
m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ A½xKvi I Pzw³ †g‡b P‡jb Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq (¯^í‡gqv`x)
KviLvbvi gvwjKiv
miKvwi D‡`¨v‡M mvnvh¨
I mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb
2 cÖ‡qvRbxq eZ©gvb nvRvixevM  U¨vbvwi I Pvgov KviLvbv ¯’vcb msµvšÍ AvBbKvbyb wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq I 18 gvm
AvšÍR©vwZK Pvgovwkí GjvKv‡K ms‡kvab Ki‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ eëmvqx (ga¨‡gqv`x)
cwi‡ekMZ Ôcwi‡ekevÜe mwgwZ
gvb`Ðmg~n c~iY KviLvbvÕi D‡Ïk¨ c~i‡Y
mv‡c‡ÿ eënv‡ii Rb¨ wewagvjv
nvRvixevM‡K I AvBbKvbyb ms‡kvab
cwi‡ekevÜe Pvgov Kiv cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i
KviLvbv GjvKv

wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i
3 C`yj Avhnvi mgq U¨vbvi I evwYR¨  KmvB‡ì cÖwk¶Y †Ìqv ¯’vbxq miKvi BDwbqb cwil`, 12 gvm
Pvgov I Qvj †Kbv gš¿Yvj‡qi mn‡hvwMZvq  AvaywbK KmvBLvbv ¯’vcb Kiv gš¿Yvjqfz³ †cŠimfv (Pjgvb)
mwVK cÖwµqvq Pvgov µ‡qi Rb¨  KmvB I Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ m‡PZbZv Kg©m~wP MÖnY ms¯’vmg~‡ni mv‡_ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
m¤úbœ Kiv‡Z n‡e cwiKwíZ eë¯’v ˆZwi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq
Ki‡Z n‡e
4 GjWweøDwR GjWweøDwRi QvocÎ  G mb‡ì Rb¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z AvMÖnx U¨vbvwimg~n mbv³ wewUG Ges 36 gvm
mb` †c‡Z †c‡Z cÖv_wgKfv‡e Kiv| cÖ_g eQ‡ii Rb¨ 40wU U¨vbvwi wbe©vPb Kiv †h‡Z weGdGjGjGdBG (cÖwZ 5wU
U¨vbvi‡ì mvnvh¨ 40wU U¨vbvwi‡K KvwiMwi cv‡i| RvZxq eëmvqx U¨vbvwii Rb¨
Kiv mnvqZv †Ìqv  GjWweøDwR mb` cÖ`vbKvix AwWUi ev we‡klÁ w`‡q mwgwZ `yRb K‡i
cÖwZ wZb gv‡m GKevi Kg©kvjv cwiPvjbv Kiv| GK we‡klÁ)
eQi mg‡qi Rb¨ G Kvh©µg Pvjv‡Z n‡e| (`xN©‡gqv`x)
 U¨vbvwii eZ©gvb Ae¯’v we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ GjWweøDwR
we‡klÁ‡ì w`‡q mgx¶v Pvjv‡bv|
 Avw_©K bxwi¶vi Rb¨ U¨vbvwi‡ì cÖ¯‘Z I wbe©vPb Kiv|
 GjWweøDwR mb` cvIqvi †¶‡Î Gme U¨vbvwii mvd‡jï
wfwË‡Z wØZxq Ges Z…Zxq eQ‡i AviI U¨vbvwi‡K G
cÖwµqvq AšÍf©z³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
 GB cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ RvZxq
m¶gZv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e| †`kxq we‡klÁ‡ì cÖwk¶Y
cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡ì `¶Zvi weKvk NwU‡q GwU
Ki‡Z n‡e|
5 wmBwUwci Kvh©Ki cwi‡kvab DcKiY I  wmBwUwc I Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡kvab hš¿cvwZi KvwiMwi wkí gš¿Yvjq evsjv‡`k U¨vbvm© 3 gvm
cwiPvjbvi †¶‡Î Kgcøv‡qÝ gvb`Ðmn eënvi‡hvM¨Zv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ wkí gš¿Yvjq †Kv‡bv G‡mvwm‡qkb (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖhyw³MZ, wmBwUwci Dci ¯^vaxb ¯^vaxb, AvšÍR©vwZK we‡klÁ‡K w`‡q GKwU mgxÿv (wewUG)
cwiPvjbvMZ I KvwiMwi mgx¶v Pvjv‡bv Pvjv‡e|

AeKvVv‡gvMZ  mgxÿvi djvdj wkí gš¿Yvj‡q Rgv w`‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z
cÖwZeÜKZv mbv³ mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMix‡Z Awej‡¤^ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c
Kiv †bIqv hvq|
6 mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí AvšÍR©vwZK  wmBwUwc cwiPvjbv I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ wWwcAvi wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, 1 gvm
bMix‡Z wmBwUwci cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cÖYq‡b evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, wkí gš¿Yvjq, Ges wewUGi AvBGjBwU I (¯^í‡gqv`x)
†UKmB cwiPvjbv wbjv‡gi gva¨‡g g‡Zv eëmvqx mwgwZ GK‡hv‡M KvR Ki‡e| cwi‡ek Awa`ßi Ñ
I i¶Yv‡e¶Y wmBwUwc cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wmBwUwc cwiPvjbv
wbwðZ Kiv GKwU †emiKvwi I i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi
cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb wel‡q wm×všÍ †b‡e
7 eR©¨ wbM©g‡bi eivÏcÖvß‡ì Kvh©µg  eivÏcÖvß U¨vbvwii m¶gZv Ges Zv †_‡K ˆ`wbK Kx wewmK wkí gš¿Yvjq, 1 gvm
cwigvY wbqš¿Y cwiPvjbvi cÖ¯ÍvweZ cwigvY eR©¨ wbM©Z n‡e †m welqK cwiKíbv †hvMvo cwi‡ek Awa`ßi (¯^í‡gqv`x)
m¶gZv hvPvB Ges Ki‡Z cv‡i wewmK| Ges mswkøó eëmvqx
cÖ‡qvR‡b U¨vbvwii  eR©¨ wbM©g‡bi AbywgZ cwigv‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj mwgwZ, †hgb wewUG
m¶gZvi mxgve×Zv weKímg~n:
wel‡q civgk© cÖ`vb wmBwUwci cÖwZw`b cÖvq 20,000 NbwgUvi cwi‡kvab
Ki‡Z cv‡i| Drcv`‡bi cwigvY †e‡o †M‡j eR©¨
cwi‡kva‡bi eZ©gvb m¶gZv AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i|
fwel¨‡Z eR©¨ wbM©gb Kx cwigvY evo‡Z cv‡i †m wel‡q
mgx¶v I Abygvb K‡i wØZxq wmBwUwc emv‡bvi
cwiKíbv Av‡MB Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cÖwZwU U¨vbvwii wbM©gbc‡_ GKwU cÖevn cwigvcK hš¿
emv‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ wK‡jvwjUvi e‡R©ï Rb¨ cwiPvjbv I
i¶Yv‡e¶Y e¨q eve` U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K wbw`©ó A_© w`‡Z
n‡e| AwZwi³ wbM©g‡bi Rb¨ AwZwi³ g~j¨ cwi‡kva
Ki‡Z n‡e|

8 U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K wmBwUwc gvb`‡Ði mv‡_  wmBwUwc gvb`Ð¸‡jv eyS‡Z I †g‡b Pj‡Z mKj mPj wewUG, wkí gš¿Yvjq I 6 gvm †_‡K
wmBwUwc m¤ú‡K© Zvj †gjv‡Z U¨vbvwi‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ wewUG Ges Ab¨vb¨ weGdGjGjGdBG wmBwUwc 1 eQi
†evSvcov evov‡Z U¨vbvwi¸‡jv‡K ms¯’v‡K Kg©m~wP MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| cwiPvjbvKvix (¯^í‡gqv`x)
n‡e cwiPvjbvMZ wbqš¿Y  wmBwUwc cwiPvjbvKvix cÖwZôvb U¨vbvwi †_‡K †emiKvwi
cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e wmBwUwc‡Z wbM©Z e‡R©ï ivmvqwbK Dcv`v‡bi Dci cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½
U¨vbvi¸‡jvi Rb¨ GKwU wb‡`©wkKv cÖYqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwi‡ek Awa`ßi
(cwi‡ek, eb I
Rjevqy cwieZ©b
gš¿Yvjq)
9 U¨vbvwii KwVb cÖ‡R± †cÖvdvBj ˆZwi  U¨vbvwii KwVb eR©¨‡K A_©‰bwZKfv‡e jvfRbK DcRvZ wkí gš¿Yvjq 3 gvm
eR©¨‡K jvfRbK Ges m¤¢ve¨ †emiKvwi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡ekevÜe c‡Y¨ iƒcvšÍ‡ii m¤¢ve¨Zv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
DcRv‡Z iƒcvšÍi D‡`¨v³v‡ì Kv‡Q wb‡q M‡elYvi Rb¨ GKRb AvšÍR©vwZK we‡klÁ
Dc¯’vcb civgk©K wb‡qvM Kiv|
 KwVb eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv‡K Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ AvšÍR©vwZK
gvb`‡Ði Abyiƒc n‡Z n‡e|
 we‡klÁ civgk©K GB DcRvZ wk‡íi cÖwZ m¤¢ve¨
D‡`¨v³v, Ges ¯’vbxq Ges we‡`wk wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì
AvK…ó Kivi †KŠkj ˆZwi Ki‡e| †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi mv‡_
mswkøó cÿ¸‡jv Gme †KŠkj ev¯Íevq‡b †bZ…Z¡ †`‡e|
10 mvfvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Kv‡Ri  mvfv‡i Pvgovwkí bMix ¯’vc‡b me‡P‡q †ewk ¶wZMÖ¯Í wewUG wkí gš¿Yvjq 3 gvm
m¤¢ve¨ GjvKv, cwigvY Ges †m KvR cÖv_wgK mwgwZ n‡”Q wewUG, ZvB Zviv Pvgovwkí bMixi (¯^í‡gqv`x)
†hgb †eRvi m¤úbœ Kivi mgqmxgv eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZ Rvb‡Z GKRb ¯^vaxb we‡klÁ wb‡qvM
AwaMÖnYK…Z I wba©viY w`‡Z cv‡i|
cÖ¯‘ZK…Z Rwg‡Z  RvZxq ev AvšÍR©vwZK civgk©K‡K w`‡q U¨vbvwi¸‡jvi 3 gvm
mKj myweav m¤úbœ Rwgi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges Rwg I Ab¨vb¨ AeKvVv‡gvi
Kivi welqwU cwigvY we‡kølY, Ges U¨vbvwii msL¨v e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ m¤¢ve¨
wbwðZ Kiv RvqMv wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ mgxÿv Pvjv‡Z cv‡i wewUG|

11 mvfvi Pvgovwkí Pvgov Lv‡Zi KviLvbv  Pvgov Lv‡Zi bZzb D‡`¨v‡Mi Rb¨ eëmvqx cÖavbgš¿xi Kvh©vjq, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, 24 gvm
bMix‡K PÆMÖvg I ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ ivRkvnx I mwgwZ¸‡jv‡K evsjv‡`k A_©‰bwZK AÂj KZ©…c‡¶i †eRv wkí gš¿Yvjq, (ga¨‡gqv`x)
ivRkvnx‡Z PÆMÖv‡g †eRvi Rwg (†eRv) Kv‡Q bZzb Rwg eivÏ PvB‡Z n‡e| eëmvqx mwgwZ
m¤cÖmviY eivÏ w`‡Z n‡e
wkí gš¿Yvjq Ab¨vb¨  wkí gš¿Yvjq Pvgov LvZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB wkí gš¿Yvjq wewmK, wewfbœ 12 gvm
Dchy³ GjvKvq bZzb Ges Drcv`vb Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ bZzb RvqMv Lyu‡R †ei eëmvqx mwgwZ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
wkí GjvKvi m¤¢ve¨Zv Kivi j‡ÿ¨ mgxÿv Pvjv‡e|
hvPvB Ki‡Z cv‡i
12 mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU mwgwZ¸‡jvi mÿgZv  AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi we‡klÁ‡ì gva¨‡g mwgwZ¸‡jvi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewUG Ges 9 gvm
wi‡cvU© cÖKvk e„w× Kiv mÿgZv e„w× Kiv n‡e| GjGdGgBGwe (¯^í‡gqv`x)
PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ Kg©cwiKíbv

PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ wb‡Pi Kg©cwiKíbv mycvwik Kiv n‡jv|
mviwY 11: PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv (PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ) DcLv‡Zi Kg©cwiKíbv
†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
1 PvgovRvZ cY¨ eëmvqx mwgwZi  we`¨gvb cÖwZôv‡bi Kgcøv‡qÝ Abymi‡Yi ¯Íi m¤ú‡K© mswkøó eëmvqx evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, wkí 12 gvm
I cv`yKv cÖvwZôvwbK m¶gZv e„w× Rvb‡Z Ges cÖwZwU cÖwZôv‡bi Pvwn`vi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© mwgwZ gš¿Yvjq, kÖg I (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Drcv`‡b Kiv, hv‡Z Zviv Kgcøv‡qÝ †KŠkj ˆZwi‡Z cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq,
†gŠwjK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K mgx¶v Pvjv‡bv| cwi‡ek Awa`ßi
AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Ð †g‡b

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Kgcøv‡qÝ DbœZ Pj‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z  GjGdGgBGwei m¤ú` I Rbe‡ji mxgve×Zv wbY©q
Kiv cv‡i Ki‡Z mgx¶v Pvjv‡bv| Gi djvd‡ji mv‡_ cÖwZôv‡bi
Pvwn`vi Zzjbv K‡i NvUwZ c~i‡Yi Dcvq †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
 AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi †kÖô PP©v¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Ges evsjv‡`‡kI †mB PP©v AbymiY Kivi Dcvq Lyu‡R †ei
Ki‡Z n‡e|
 cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K GK GK K‡i AvšÍRv© wZK Kgcøv‡qÝ mb`
AR©b Kiv‡Z n‡e|
 weGmwUAvB‡K mKj cÖ‡qvRbxq gvb`Ð cix¶vq m¶g
K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡e|
 †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi †hme cÖwZôvb AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi mb`
w`‡Z m¶g Zv‡ì weKv‡k Drmvn w`‡Z n‡e|
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi myweav Ges  mKj PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`bKvixi AskMÖn‡Y evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ 12 gvm Ges
Kgcøv‡qÝ bv gvbvi ¶wZ cÖwZ wZb gv‡m GKevi Kg©kvjvi Av‡qvRb Kiv, †hLv‡b Pjgvb
I SzuwKi wel‡q Ab¨v‡bi g‡a¨ kÖwg‡Ki ¶wZc~iY Ges Kj¨vY wel‡q (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi †evSvcov w`Kwb‡`©kbv †Ìqv n‡e|
evov‡Z RvZxq ch©v‡q  wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡bi Kgcøv‡qÝ †Kvb ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Zv j¶¨
m‡PZbZv e„w× Kvh©µg ivLv Ges `yB eQ‡ii eëav‡b Zv‡ì AMÖMwZ g~j¨vqb Kiv|
cwiPvjbv Kiv  Kgcøv‡qÝ Kvh©µgmg~‡ni Kvh©KvwiZv Z`viwK Kiv|
cÖ‡Z¨K ai‡bi  Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g b¨vh¨ I ¯^”Q Kgcøv‡qÝ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ 12 gvm
Kgcøv‡q‡Ýi †ÿ‡Î ev¯Íevqb mviwY ˆZwii Dcvq wPwýZ Kiv| (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖ‡Yv`bv I AšÍivqmg~n  PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv cÖ¯‘ZKvi‡Ki mv‡_ Kgcøv‡qÝ
D‡jøL K‡i GKwU ev¯Íevqb mviwY hvPvB Kiv|
Kgcøv‡qÝ ev¯Íevqb
mviwY ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
RvZxq ch©v‡q mvgvwRK,  f¨vjy †PB‡bi Dci mgx¶v Pvwj‡q G Lv‡Zi cwi‡ekMZ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq eëmvqx mwgwZ 18 gvm
cwi‡ekMZ, ivmvqwbK, mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU evov‡bvi Dcvq I c`‡¶c wba©viY Kiv (ga¨‡gqv`x)
wbivcËvRwbZ, †ckvMZ Ges LvZwUi Kgcøv‡qÝ welqK w`Kwb‡`©kbv ˆZwi Kiv|
I ¯^v¯’¨ welqK  AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi m‡½ m½wZ †i‡L, RvZxq ch©v‡q
Kgcøv‡qÝ wb‡`©wkKv I Kgcøv‡qÝ mb` cÖ`v‡bi gvb`Ð ˆZwi‡Z eëmvqx
mb` cÖ`vb eë¯’v M‡o mwgwZ¸‡jvi m‡½ GK‡hv‡M KvR Kiv|
†Zvjv  Kgcøv‡q›U AvVvi eënvi DrmvwnZ Kiv|
 cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi PvgovRvZ c‡Y¨ †hme DcKiY eënvi
wbiærmvwnZ Kiv nq Zvi ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiv|
2 `¶Zv, cÖhyw³ I PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv  cÖ‡qvRb wba©vi‡Y mgx¶v cwiPvjbv| evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ 18 gvm
Drcv`bkxjZvi DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ GKwU  cY¨ cix¶vi Rb¨ Dchy³ †fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv wba©viY (ga¨‡gqv`x)
¯Íi DbœZ Kiv KvwiMwi †K›`ª ¯’vcb Ki‡Z m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB mgxÿv cwiPvjbv Kiv|
Kiv, hv wb‡Pi KvR¸‡jv  cix¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿cvwZ, miÄvg Ges Rbe‡ji
Ki‡e: GKwU ZvwjKv Kiv| wWwcAvi cÖYqb Kiv|
evsjv‡`‡k Drcvw`Z  G‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`k‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb
c‡Yï †fŠZ I AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiv|
ivmvqwbK gvb evov‡bvi  GK‡Î KvR Kivi Rb¨ AvšÍRv© wZK cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb|
Rb¨ ¯^bvgab¨
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi
mnvqZvq evsjv‡`wk
c‡Yï †fŠZ ¸Yv¸Y I
Zv‡Z ivmvqwb‡Ki
Dcw¯’wZ cix¶v Kivi
we‡kl eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e
¯^bvgab¨ AvšÍRv© wZK  cÖwk¶‡Yi †ÿ‡Î AvšÍRv© wZKfv‡e mycÖwZwôZ cÖwZôvb Lyu‡R evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq mswkøó eëmvqx mwgwZ 12 gvm
cÖwZôv‡bi †Kvm© Abyhvqx †ei Kiv| wVK Ki‡e Kviv GB (¯^í‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
cÖwkÿK‡ì cÖwkÿY  wbe©vPb ev Av‡e`b cÖwµqv M‡o †Zvjv| cÖwk¶Y wb‡Z evB‡i
w`‡q G Lv‡Zi Rb¨  cÖwZôvb¸‡jv cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ we‡`‡k cvVv‡bvi Dc‡hvMx hv‡e
GK`j cÖwkÿK M‡o wKQz cÖwkÿK (Kg©x) g‡bvbxZ Ki‡e|
†Zvjv  AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwk¶Y m¤úbœ Kivi ci GB cÖwkÿKiv †`‡k
wd‡i Ab¨‡ì gv‡S Zv‡ì AwR©Z Ávb Qwo‡q †`‡e|
Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb  cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’vi Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Kiv, cÖwk¶‡Yi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 12 gvm
eë¯’vi †¶‡Î Rb¨ Dchy³ cÖwk¶K wbe©vPb Kiv, Ges AvšÍR©vwZK †miv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
cÖvwZôvwbK c×wZ‡K gvb eRvq †i‡L APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Rb¨
DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z cÖwk¶K‡ì cÖwk¶Y Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv| cÖwk¶Y
†emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ`v‡b wcwcwc g‡Wj‡K mvg‡b wb‡q Avmvi gva¨‡g
GKwU Kvh©Ki cÖwk¶Y AwaKZi miKvwi-†emiKvwi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv|
cÖ`vb eë¯’v M‡o †Zvjv  we`¨gvb cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb eë¯’vi mxgve×Zv I cÖ‡qvRbxq
n¯Í‡ÿ‡ci †ÿÎ wPwýZ Kiv Ges Gme Kvh©µ‡gi DrKl©
mva‡bi Dcvq Zz‡j aiv|
†Kv‡bv ¯^bvgab¨  GjGdGgBGwe I Ab¨vb¨ eëmvqx mwgwZ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 12 gvm
AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvb‡K Zv‡ì Av‡qvwRZ cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wPi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
m‡½ wb‡q kÖgkw³i Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ GK‡Î KvR Kivi m¤¢ve¨Zv
GKwU cix¶vwbf©i mb` Lyu‡R †`L‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖwkÿY Kg©m~wP AvšÍRv© wZK
cÖ`vb eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv ¯^xK…wZ †c‡j G‡Z AskMÖnYKvix kÖwgK‡ì Rb¨ wek¦e¨vcx
Pvwn`v ˆZwi n‡e|
 mb`cÖvß cÖwk¶Y MÖnYKvix †c‡Z cÖ‡Yv`bvi eë¯’v Kiv|
miKvi I cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv e¨q fvMvfvwM Ki‡e| kÖwgK‡ì
Gme mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡b wewb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘ZKviKiv
Avw_©K I Ab¨vb¨ myweav †c‡Z cv‡i|
cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni g‡a¨  Drcv`b cÖwµqv, eë¯’vcbv, i¶Yv‡e¶Y, mieivn Dchy³ eëmvqx 12 gvm
cÖwZ‡hvwMZv evov‡Z BZ¨vwì DbœwZi Rb¨ cÖ‡KŠkj cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ KvR K‡i mwgwZ (¯^í‡gqv`x)

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
Drcv`b cÖwµqvq jvfRbK cÖwZôv‡bi c×wZ g~j¨vqb, wPwýZKiY I cÖ‡qvM
Drcv`bkxjZv evov‡bvi Kiv| Gme cÖwZôvb Drcv`bkxjZv e„w×i Rb¨ †Kv‡bv
†KŠkj cÖ‡qvM `ye©j cÖwZôv‡bi c‡ÿ me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx mwVK miÄvg ev
c×wZ mbv³ I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e|
PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv  `¶Zvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB Ggb cÖwµqv I †ÿÎ wPwýZ Kivi Dchy³ Drcv`K 12 gvm
Drcv`‡b wWw¯‹wj‡Oi Rb¨ PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Drcv`bKvixiv cÖ¯‘ZKviK mwgwZ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Dc‡hvMx (A_©vr Drcv`b mwgwZi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e KvR Ki‡e|
cÖwµqvq ¯^qswµq eë¯’v
Pvjy Kiv ev `¶Zvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Kwg‡q
Avbvi) †ÿÎ wPwýZ Kiv
3 d¨vkb I bKkvi PvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges  GB bKkv †K‡›`ªi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Rvb‡Z m¤¢ve¨Zv hvPvB wkí gš¿Yvjq †Kv‡q‡ji m‡½ 6 gvm
mvg_©¨ evov‡bv cv`yKvi Rb¨ bKkv, mgxÿv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| G cÖwµqvq, GB bKkv †K›`ª civgk©µ‡g evwYR¨ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Ges †`‡ki Dbœqb I d¨vkb †K›`ª cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq eënvwiK Ávb, eë¯’vcbv, I gš¿Yvjq
Pvgov Lv‡Zi ¯’vcb Kiv cÖhyw³ welqK Ávbm¤úbœ e¨w³‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wba©viY
cÖe„w×‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| G mgxÿvq cÖwZôv‡bi Af¨šÍixY cÖwµqvi
Kiv Dbœq‡b cwiPvwjZ Kg©KvÐ Ges mvg‡_©ï we`¨gvb
cwiw¯’wZI wbY©q Kiv n‡e| bKkv †K›`ª eënv‡ii
Dc‡hvMx we`¨gvb Kg©x‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq mvg_©¨ evov‡bvi
iƒc‡iLvI _vK‡e G mgxÿvq|
 AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L ÷zwWIwU ˆZwi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
 ÷zwWIi wbg©vY, Dbœqb, i¶Yv‡e¶Y Ges eënvwiK Ávb
Qwo‡q †Ìqvi Rb¨ GKwU mn‡hvMx cÖwZôvb wbe©vPb K‡i
Zvi mv‡_ Pzw³e× nIqv| iƒcvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g AwiwRbvj

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
wWRvBb g¨vbyd¨vKPvwis (IwWGg) KvivLvbvq cwiYZ n‡Z
cÖ¯‘Z Drcv`bKvix‡ì wPwýZ Kiv|
 IBGg †_‡K IwWGg Kivi bxwZ cÖYqb Kiv| 24 gvm
(ga¨‡gqv`x)
4 evsjv‡`‡ki bZzb c‡Yï †ÿÎ  `xN©‡gqv‡` bKkv †K›`ª †`‡ki cY¨ZvwjKvq hy³ Ki‡Z ißvwb Dbœqb wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ 12 gvm
PvgovRvZ cY¨ AbymÜv‡b wk‡íi bZzb cY¨ mbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| ey¨‡iv (¯^í‡gqv`x)
I cv`yKv m¶gZv e„w× Kiv  bZzb bZzb cY¨ D™¢veb I weKvk Ges †m¸‡jvi wecY‡b
DcLv‡Z cY¨ wb‡qvwRZ cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Rb¨ SzuwK Kgv‡bvi †KŠkj Lyu‡R
eûgyLxKi‡Yi †ei Kiv|
m¤¢vebv hvPvB  g~j¨ ms‡hvwRZ cY¨ ˆZwii Rb¨ cÖ‡Yv`bv †Ìqv Ges †m
Abyhvqx f¨vjy †PBb AbymiY Kiv|
5 fv‡jv `vg KzwUiwk‡íi ¸”Q wefvRb  GKwU mvaviY `‡ji Dci M‡elYv K‡i n¯Í‡¶c wel‡q evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq ¸‡”Qi eëmvqx mwgwZ, 12 gvm
cvIqvi g‡Zv Ges evsjv‡`‡ki civgk© cÖ`vb| wbw`©ó LyPiv we‡µZv, (¯^í‡gqv`x)
DbœZgv‡bi cY¨ APvgovRvZ cv`yKv Lv‡Z  cÖwZ‡e`b ev¯Íevqb Kiv| Ges weWv
ˆZwii Rb¨ Zv cÖ‡qv‡Mi Dcvqmg~n  KzwUiwkí ¸”Q †_‡K cY¨ wKb‡Z eo LyPiv we‡µZv‡ì
KzwUiwkí RvZxq m¤ú‡K© †evSvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Kiv|
¶z`ª D‡`¨v‡Mi M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Kiv
DrKl© mvab
6 GmcvwWªj cY¨wU I Zvi evRvi  AvšÍRv© wZK evRvi cÖwZwbwai mv‡_ m¤¢ve¨ Pzw³i kZ© GjGdGgBGwe 12 gvm
cv`yKvi Drcv`b m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv Rv‡bb cÖYqb| Ges Ab¨vb¨ (¯^í‡gqv`x)
wfwË evov‡bv, Ggb KvD‡K evRvi  cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK wewWs‡qi gva¨‡g AvšÍRv© wZK ch©v‡q eëmvqx mwgwZ
¸YMZ gvb e„w× cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM evRvi cÖwZwbwa AbymÜvb|
I evRvi Kiv; AvšÍR©vwZK ißvwb  GmcvwWª‡ji Drcv`b cÖwµqv eyS‡Z mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨
eûgyLxKiY evRvi AbymÜvb; ißvwbi cv`yKv Drcv`K‡ì cÖwZwU Dc`‡ji mv‡_ GKRb evRvi
Rb¨ Drcv`‡Ki cÖ¯‘wZ we‡klÁ‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv|

†bZ…Z¡`vbKvix
ms¯’v
7 PvgovRvZ cY¨ GKwU bKkv, cY¨ Dbœqb  GB †K‡›`ªi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq miÄvg Ges hš¿cvwZi wkí gš¿Yvjq evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 24 gvm
I cv`yKvi bKkv I cÖwk¶Y †K›`ª ¯’vcb ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiv| (Pjgvb)
m¶gZv evov‡bv Kiv  †K›`ªwUi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ cÖYqb (ga¨‡gqv`x)
Kiv|
 GB †K›`ª ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq I AvšÍRv© wZK †emiKvwi
cÖwZôv‡bi KvQ †_‡K ìcÎ AvnŸvb Kiv|
8 PvgovRvZ I mivmwi Ges wWwRUvj  ißvwb Dbœq‡bi cÖvYK›`ª wn‡m‡e ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡iv‡K evwYR¨ evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq 6 gvm, Ges
APvgovRvZ wecY‡bi Rb¨ wek` kw³kvjx Kiv| gš¿Yvjq, Zvici
cY¨ Ges cv`yKv Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ cÖ¯‘Z  eëmv evov‡bvi j¶¨ wb‡q GKwU wek` I me©v½xY †KŠkj RbcÖkvmb Pjgvb
Drcv`bKvix‡ì Kiv cÖYq‡b ißvwb Dbœqb ey¨‡ivi ¶gZv evov‡bv| Gme †KŠkj gš¿Yvjq, ciivóª (¯^í I
Rb¨ we`¨gvb I Aek¨B AvšÍR©vwZK †µZv‡ì eënvi Kiv eo eo gš¿Yvjq, ga¨‡gqv`x)
bZzb c‡_ evRvi wWwRUvj wecYb cøvUd‡g©i mv‡_ m¤ú„³ nIqvq h‡_ó Bwcwe, wewfbœ
cÖ‡ek DbœZ Kiv ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Ki‡e| eëmvqx mwgwZ,
 wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ Ges †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi gvwjKiv we‡`‡k
†hvMv‡hvM ivL‡e LyPiv we‡µZv, †µZv I evsjv‡`wk
Avg`vwbKviK‡ì mv‡_| Avi Zv‡ì‡K me ai‡bi `~Zvev‡mi
mnvqZv †`‡e miKvi| evwYR¨ kvLv
9 APvgovRvZ APvgovRvZ c‡Yï  wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZi m‡½ civgk© K‡i ißvwb Dbœqb ißvwb Dbœqb wewfbœ eëmvqx mwgwZ, 12 gvm
c‡Yï eZ©gvb eZ©gvb êwk¦K cwiw¯’wZ ey¨‡iv GKwU M‡elYv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| ey¨‡iv U¨vwid Kwgkb (¯^í‡gqv`x)
Ae¯’v I fwel¨r I fwel¨r m¤¢vebv Rvbvi
m¤¢vebv Rvbv Rb¨ wek` M‡elYv
cwiPvjbv Kiv
10 mvm‡UB‡bwewjwU mwgwZ¸‡jvi mÿgZv  AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡qi we‡klÁ‡ì gva¨‡g mwgwZ¸‡jvi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq wewUG Ges 9 gvm
wi‡cvU© cÖKvk e„w× Kiv mÿgZv e„w× Kiv n‡e| GjGdGgBGwe (¯^í‡gqv`x)

cwiwkó 1
bxwZ msµvšÍ †hme wel‡q AMÖvwaKviwfwË‡Z c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e: ˆZwi †cvkvK
Lv‡Zi m‡½ PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi Zzjbv
1. bxwZMZ êlg¨
mviwY 12: ˆZwi †cvkvK LvZ Ges PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ cÖavb bxwZMZ êlg¨
µg bxwZ mnvqZv/myweavw` ˆZwi †cvkvK/e¯¿ Pvgov/cv`yKv
1 e›`‡i ïé wefvM wKQz msL¨K DcKiY ˆèPq‡bi myPviæ cix¶v Kiv nq Ges wKQz †¶‡Î 100
KZ…©K Avg`vwb wfwË‡Z cix¶v Kiv nq wKsev kZvsk Ly‡j Ly‡j DcKiY cix¶v Kiv nq, hvi
DcKiY cix¶v †Kv‡bv cix¶v nq bv d‡j wej¤^ nq
2 mvaviY eÛ bevqb cÖwZ wZb eQi cÖ_gevi GK eQi ci Ges c‡i cÖwZ `yB eQi
cici
3 Pzw³Kvixi c‡ÿ wewRGgBG/we‡KGgBG Aby‡gvw`Z †j`vi¸Wm A¨vÛ dzUIq¨vi g¨vbyd¨vKPvivm©
KuvPvgvj ev c¨vwKs‡qi A¨vÛ G·‡cvU©vm© A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb Ae evsjv‡`k
Rb¨ eënv‡ii (GjGdGgBGwe) Aby‡gvw`Z bq
AbygwZ (BDwc) cÖ`vb
4 m`m¨ KviLvbv¸‡jvi wewRGgBG/we‡KGgBG Aby‡gvw`Z 17 †g 2018 Zvwi‡L RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW© 6
Rb¨ †KvGwdwk‡q›U gv‡mi Rb¨ wWDwU G‡·¤úkb A¨vÛ Wªe¨vK
wba©viY Awd‡mi m‡½ †hŠ_ `vwq‡Z¡ GjGdGgBGwei
m`m¨ KviLvbv¸‡jvi †KvGwdwk‡q›U wba©vi‡Yi
Av‡`k Rvwi K‡i| Gi †gqv` †mB eQ‡ii 16
b‡f¤î †kl n‡q‡Q| hv †nvK, RvZxq ivR¯^
†evW© G Av‡`‡ki †gqv` e„w× wKsev †Kv‡bv
¯’vqx Av‡`k Rvwi K‡iwb|
5 Z…Zxq c¶ ev †`k evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki weÁwß (GdB PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv Lv‡Z G myweav †bB|
†_‡K ißvwb Avq mvK©zjvi bs-02, ZvwiL: 25 evsjv‡`k miKvi evRvi eûgyLxKi‡Yi Dci
cÖZ¨vevm‡bi Rb¨ Rvbyqvwi 2018) Abyhvqx, ˆZwi †Rvi w`‡”Q weavq PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv
bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv †cvkvK Lv‡Zi †¶‡Î Z…Zxq c¶ ev Lv‡Z Z…Zxq c¶ †_‡K ißvwb Avq
†`k †_‡K ißvwb Avq cÖZ¨vevm‡bi cÖZ¨vevm‡bi Rb¨ bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv †Ìqv AZ¨šÍ
Rb¨ Gjwm ev wUwUi gva¨‡g bM` Riæwi|
cÖ‡Yv`bv cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

6 KuvPvgv‡ji Avg`vwb cÖwZwU NUbvi Rb¨ Avjv`v (e¨vK- †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi cÖv°wjZ ißvwbi Dci wfwË
†hvM¨Zv Uz-e¨vK Gjwm Øviv) K‡i cÖwZwU c„_K KuvPvgvj Avg`vwbi Rb¨
evrmwiK mxgv‡iLv wba©viY Kiv nq|
7 Rxeb i¶vKvix hš¿ 1 kZvsk ïé nv‡i (Kv÷gm cÖ_g 25 kZvsk ïé nv‡i (Pvgov Lv‡Zi bvg
Ôevmevi UªvswKs wkwWDj: 2018-19 Abymv‡i) GmAviI‡Z ¯úófv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv nqwb)
wm‡÷g di B‡jKwUªK
†mdwUÕ Avg`vwb
8 ißvwb cY¨ Rvnv‡R RvnvR Qvovi Av‡M 24 NÈv RvnvR Qvovi Av‡M 96 NÈv (4 w`b)
†Zvjvi (Rvnv‡R
gvjvgvj n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii)
KvU-Ad UvBg
9 g~j¨ ms‡hvRb Ki RvZxq ivR¯^ †ev‡W©i 29 b‡f¤î M‡elYvMv‡i cix¶v, Z_¨cÖhyw³ e¨q Ges
†iqvZ 2018 Zvwi‡L Rvwi Kiv kÖwgK Kj¨vY Znwe‡ji g‡Zv †mevi †¶‡Î
GmAviI‡Z ïay e¯¿ Lv‡Zi Rb¨ g~m‡K †Kv‡bv †iqvZ †bB|
Pvi ai‡bi †mevi g~j¨ ms‡hvRb
K‡i m¤ú~Y© †iqvZ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|
LvZ PviwU n‡jv: kÖwgK Kj¨vY I
we‡bv`‡b e¨q, M‡elYvMv‡i cixÿY
wd, Z_¨cÖhyw³ †mev Ges Mvwo
fvov|
2. bxwZMZ c`‡¶c
mviwY 13: ivR¯^ bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ c`‡ÿc

1 GdIwe ai‡bi ißvwbi †¶‡Î bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv27 4% †_‡K 6% 15%
** cÖ_g w`‡Ki bM` cÖ‡Yv`bv (1994 mvj 25% c~e©vfvm wbwðZ Ki‡Z AšÍZ cuvP
†_‡K) eQi a‡i GKB nvi Pvjy ivL‡Z n‡e
2 webv ï‡é KuvPvgvj Avg`vwb nu¨v nu¨v
3 K‡c©v‡iU Ki nvi mvaviY K‡ii nvi G ai‡bi †Kv‡bv AMÖvwaKvi †Ìqv
12% Ges ÔwMÖb wewìs nq bv| K‡c©v‡iU Ki 35%, Ges
mvwU©wd‡KkbÕ Av‡Q †kqvievRv‡i ZvwjKvfz³
Ggb KviLvbvi Rb¨ †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ 25%
10%
4 ißvwb Avq †_‡K AwMÖg AvqKi Kgv‡bv28 0.25% 0.25%
5 ißvwbi Rb¨ AvqK‡i Qvo 50% 50%
27
GdB mvKz©jvi bs 26 (10 †m‡Þ¤î 2018 Zvwi‡L RvwiK…Z), evsjv‡`k e¨vsK|
28
265-GAvBGb/AvqKi/2018 (6 †m‡Þ¤î 2018 Zvwi‡L RvwiK…Z), RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©|

6 evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki †Ìqv BwWGd (ißvwb 2.5 †KvwU Wjvi 1.5 †KvwU Wjvi; GB mxgv evov‡bv
Dbœqb Znwej) †µwWU myweav29 (@1.5 ìKvi
kZvsk + wjei [jÛ‡bi AvšÍte¨vsK my‡ì
nvi])
7 Kgcøv‡qÝ ev ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ 6% nv‡i `yB nu¨v bv
av‡c FY myweav (RvBKv KZ…©K)
8 kÖwgK‡ì evm¯’v‡bi Rb¨ Kg Li‡P A_©vqb nu¨v bv
(2% nv‡i)
9 Kg Li‡P AMÖvwaKvig~jK g~jab †hvMvb myweav 9% (1990-2011) 17%
10 DVwZ ev AcÖ_vMZ evRv‡i ißvwbi Rb¨ ißvwb 4-6% bM` fZz©wK †bB
cÖ‡Yv`bv (Gjwm ev wUwUi gva¨‡g)
mviwY 14: ivR¯^ bxwZgvjv ewnf‚©Z c`‡¶c

1 m¤cÖmvwiZ e‡ÛW 60 wK‡jvwgUvi e¨vmv‡a©i g‡a¨ `yBwU cv`yKvi Rb¨ AbygwZ †bB
Aq¨vinvDm myweav mn‡hvMx cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ GKK e‡ÛW
Aq¨vinvDm
2 cwi‡levi ms‡hvM AMÖvwaKvi AMÖvwaKvi bq
3 Aeënvi‡hvM¨ mvgMÖx Aeënvi‡hvM¨ mvgMÖxi Rb¨ Qvo cvIqv hvq †Kv‡bv Qvo cvIqv hvq bv
4 SzuwKc~Y© mvgMÖx kZ© c~iY Ki‡j cwi‡ek, eb I Rjevqy wKQz GjGdGgBGwe m`m¨ we‡`k
eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z cwieZ©b gš¿Yvjq †_‡K Õcwi‡ekevÜe †_‡K ÔwMÖb wewìs mvwU©wd‡dkbÕ I
cwi‡ekMZ †kÖwYwefvM KviLvbvÕi ¯^xK…wZ cvIqv hvq ÔwjW mb`Õ AR©b Kiv m‡Ë¡I ÔKgjvÕ
wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
3. AwZwi³ bxwZMZ mnvqZvi Rb¨ mycvwik
mviwY 15: AwZwi³ bxwZMZ mnvqZvi Rb¨ mycvwik

µg cÖ¯Ívebv `vwqZ¡
1 wewfbœ ißvwb Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ êlg¨ `~i K‡i cv`yKvmn me ai‡bi evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq
ißvwbgyLx wkí‡K †cvkvK Lv‡Zi †fvM Kiv bxwZ myweav w`‡Z n‡e| A_© gš¿Yvjq
2 e¨vK-Uz-e¨vK Gjwm QvovB eÛ A_wiwU KZ…©K c¨vwKs ev ev· A_© gš¿Yvjq
mieivnKvix‡ì BDwc (eënv‡ii AbygwZ) †Ìqv| (ïé I AveMvwi)
GjGdGgBGwei me m`m¨‡KB mvBU Gjwmi wfwË‡Z BDwc
†Ìqv DwPZ|
29
GdB mvKz©jvi bs 12 (21 †g 2018 Zvwi‡L RvwiK…Z), evsjv‡`k e¨vsK|

µg cÖ¯Ívebv `vwqZ¡
3 †iwg‡UÝ ev jf¨vs‡ki †c‡g‡›U 20% Drm Ki cÖZ¨vnvi ev n«vm A_© gš¿Yvjq (RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©)
Kiv|
4 †iwg‡UÝ, wU‡KGBP gvïj ev ¯^‡Z¡ we`¨gvb 20% Drm Ki A_© gš¿Yvjq (RvZxq ivR¯^ †evW©)
cÖZ¨vnvi ev n«vm Kiv| bKkv, RwUj KvwiMwi †mev I Ab¨vb¨
¯^Z¡ msµvšÍ e¨q Kgv‡Z Acwinvh©
4. Avg`vwb I ißvwbi Rb¨ wjW UvBg: evsjv‡`k I cÖwZ‡hvMx †`k
mviwY 16: BD‡ivcxq BDwbqbfz³ †`‡k evsjv‡`‡ki Avg`vwb-ißvwb*

ˆZwi †cvkvK cv`yKv
Kg©KvÐ
Mo w`b Mo w`b
KuvPvgv‡ji Rb¨ Gjwm †Lvjv 3 3
KuvPvgvj cÖ¯‘Z Kiv I msMÖn 15 15
PÆMÖvg e›ì ch©šÍ Pvjv‡bi mgq (Pxb †_‡K) 15 15
AvDUvi †_‡K gvjvgvj wb‡q G‡m e›`‡i bvgv‡bv 5 5
KviLvbv ch©šÍ ïé QvocÎ 5 5
Drcv`b mgqKvj 20 15
KviLvbv †_‡K RvnvR ch©šÍ ißvwb Pvjvb 2 5
†µZv‡ì e›`‡i †h‡Z mgq (BD‡ivc) 30 35
†gvU wjW UvBg 95 98
* wewfbœ ißvwb cÖwZôv‡bi c~e© AwfÁZvi wfwË‡Z mviwYwU cÖ¯‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB mviwY Mo mgq wb‡`©k K‡i Ges A‡bK †¶‡ÎB Gme A‡¼
cv_©K¨ NU‡Z cv‡i|
mviwY 17: cÖwZ‡hvMx †`k¸‡jvi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg (cwÄKv-wè‡mi ga¨gvi wfwË‡Z)*
†`k evsjv‡`k fviZ wf‡qZbvg Kv‡¤^vwWqv Pxb
Avg`vwbi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg 34 21 21 24 24
ißvwbi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg 28 17 21 22 21
* Source: World Bank, Doing Business Report, 2014.
Avg`vwbi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg: Pvjvb †cÖi‡Ki e›ì †_‡K Avg`vwbKvixi KviLvbvq †cuŠQv‡bv ch©šÍ|
ißvwbi †¶‡Î wjW UvBg: ißvwbKvixi KviLvbv †_‡K MÖvn‡Ki e›`‡i †cuŠQv‡bv ch©šÍ|

cwiwkó 2
evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i (weWv) Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m
Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m g‡Wj
wPÎ 6: Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m (IGmGm) g‡Wj

Iqvb ÷c mvwf©m AvBb


Pvgov LV Zi Ißvwb Iƒc Ilv

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Pvgov LV Zi Ißvwb Iƒc Ilv

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Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

cwiwkó 1: bxwZ msµvšÍ †hme wel‡q AMÖvwaKviwfwË‡Z c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  5

wPÎ 1 evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ ißvwb evRvi (2015) 53

mviwY 1 PvgovRvZ cY¨ I cv`yKv ißvwbi cÖv°jb 13

6  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

AvBAviwW Af¨šÍixY m¤ú` wefvM (B›Uvibvj wi‡mv‡m©m wWwfkb)

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  7

8  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  9

10  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  11

ißvwb iƒc‡iLv ev¯ÍevqbKv‡j ißvwb cÖv°jb

12  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

mviwY 2: `yBwU `„k¨K‡íi Rb¨ Dcv`vb Pvwn`v

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  13

Pvgov Lv‡Z †h we‡kl P¨v‡jÄ¸‡jv we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q Zv wb¤œiƒc:

14  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

KuvPvgvj µq msµvšÍ Kgcøv‡qÝ (we‡klZ C`yj Avhnvi mgq)

wmBwUwci Ach©vß m¶gZv

gvb I Drcv`b cÖwµqvi nvjbvMv‡` NvUwZ

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  15

g~j¨ ms‡hvRb‡K Drmvn cÖ`v‡b bxwZgvjvi Abycw¯’wZ

mvfv‡ii Pvgovwkí bMixi mxwgZ m¶gZv

cðvrgyLx ms‡hv‡Mi Afve

ˆe‡`wkK I Af¨šÍixY wewb‡qv‡M axi MwZ

mxwgZ evRvi cÖ‡ek myweav

16  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi Rb¨ mnvqK cwiw¯’wZi Abycw¯’wZ

¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki ZvwjKv †_‡K Dbœqbkxj †`‡k DËiY

Kgcøv‡qÝ msµvšÍ gvb`Ð AbymiY Kiv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  17

Drcv`b cÖwµqvq gvb I Drcv`bkxjZv

18  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

KuvPv Pvgov I Qv‡ji gvb Dbœqb

Kgb d¨vwmwjwU †m›Uvi ¯’vcb

bZzb Pvgov Drcv`‡b M‡elYv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  19

eZ©gvb bxwZ mnvqZv kw³kvjx Kiv

20  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

†`wk I we‡`wk wewb‡qvM AvKl©Y

Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY Lv‡Zi Dci we‡kl bRi †`Iqv

evsjv‡`k wewb‡qvM Dbœqb KZ©…c‡¶i f‚wgKv kw³kvjx Kiv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  21

Ki I bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ AwbðqZv

ißvwb bxwZi mylg ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv

22  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

eª¨vÛ I LyPiv we‡µZv‡`i mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvg~jK m¤úK©

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  23

ißvwb cÖwµqvKiY GjvKv¸‡jv‡Z (Bwc‡RW) GdwWAvB cÖevn

Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi wbw`©ó P¨v‡jÄmg~n

24  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  25

Pvgov cÖwµqvRvZKiY DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c

26  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

APvgovRvZ cv`yKv DcLv‡Z we‡kl `„wó cÖ`vb

cY¨ hvPvB I gvb wbqš¿Y

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  27

wb‡Pi †¶Î¸‡jv‡Z `¶ I Avav`¶ kÖgkw³i Afve i‡q‡Q:

Drcv`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY

PvgovRvZ I APvgovRvZ cY¨ Ges cv`yKv DcLv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c

28  Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv

Pvgov Lv‡Zi ißvwb iƒc‡iLv  29