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    Heuijae (Eunice) Kim
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    This document discusses hybridization in chemistry. Specifically, it discusses how electrons are excited from s orbitals to empty p orbitals, creating hybrid orbitals like sp3 and sp3d2. This hybridization results in bond lengths becoming equal according to VSEPR theory and allows for covalent bonding through sigma and pi bonds. Sigma bonds are more stable than pi bonds due to symmetrical orbital overlap. Sp2 hybridized carbon forms trigonal planar molecular geometry.

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    This document discusses hybridization in chemistry. Specifically, it discusses how electrons are excited from s orbitals to empty p orbitals, creating hybrid orbitals like sp3 and sp3d2. This hybridization results in bond lengths becoming equal according to VSEPR theory and allows for covalent bonding through sigma and pi bonds. Sigma bonds are more stable than pi bonds due to symmetrical orbital overlap. Sp2 hybridized carbon forms trigonal planar molecular geometry.

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    5 views1 page

    PDF 문서 13

    Uploaded by

    Heuijae (Eunice) Kim
    This document discusses hybridization in chemistry. Specifically, it discusses how electrons are excited from s orbitals to empty p orbitals, creating hybrid orbitals like sp3 and sp3d2. This hybridization results in bond lengths becoming equal according to VSEPR theory and allows for covalent bonding through sigma and pi bonds. Sigma bonds are more stable than pi bonds due to symmetrical orbital overlap. Sp2 hybridized carbon forms trigonal planar molecular geometry.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Hybridization

    : excitation/promotion of an e- from the s orbital to an empty p orbital to


    create hybrid orbital known as: sp3, sp3sp orbitals

    – Energy = between 2s and 2p orbital


    – all bond length become equal
    – VSEPR theory
    – Covalent bonding
    – Sigma bond = end to end
    – Overlap of symmetrical / alike phase wave function
    orbitals

    – Pi bond = side to side overlap


    – energetically, sigma bond is more stable than the pi bond
    – Energy value: sigma ≠ pi
    – Sp2 hybridized carbon:

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