BATTE KUDAS

AN AI!
G

jumble word
BREAKER
ICE
BR U
IN
G YO
OU I N
T TH K U
E PO W ERFUL OTA
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

TAYOMAN
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

answer: ANATOMY
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

ONAGDS
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

Answer: GONADS
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

AGTLIENAI
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

Answer: GENITALIA
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

STESET
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

Answer: TESTES
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

SLAGN
 jumble word
ICE BREAKER

Answer: GLANS
Lesson 4: Anatomy
and Physiology
Reproduction
REPORTED BY:
ESCALANTE AND
COLOMA

11:11PM
WHAT IS ANATOMY?
it is the study if the structures
associated with the human body.

WHAT IS PHYSIOLOGY?
it is the study of the function of
each of these structures.

Back to Agenda Page

Jean Fernel (1497-1558)

-who intruduced the term

physiology which means "the
study of nature, origin"

Back to Agenda Page

 • Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

Humans experience various physical and

emotional changes to childhood to
adulthood.
The gonads produce germ cells and sex harmones
-female germ cell is ova(egg)
-male their germ cell is sperm
-their union can lead to the creation of new life
Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

The Biological Female
Female sexual anatomy is designed for the:

-production and fertilization of -carrying and delivering infant

ovum; offspring

Back to Agenda Page

 • Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

EXTERNAL GENITALIA OF FEMALE

VULVA- all the external genital structures taken together;
MONS VENERIS- pads of fatty tissue between pubic bone and skin
LABIA MAJORA -outer lips surrounding all the other structures
PREPUCE -clitoral hood(foreskin above and covering clitoris);
CLITORIS -glans(head), shaft, and crura (root) the clitoris is sensitive to stimulation;
LABIA MINORA- inner lips surrounding the vestibule where sweat and oil glands,
extensive blood vessels, and nerve ending located;
VESTIBULE -area surrounding the urethral opening and vagina, which is highly
sensitive with extensive blood vessels and nerve endings;
URETHRAL OPENING- end of tube connecting to blood bladder and used for urination;
VAGINAL OPENING -also called introitus; and
PERINEUM -area of skin separating the genitalia from anus; distance is less in
females than males
Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

 EXTERNAL
GENITALIA OF
FEMALE
 • Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

FEMALE INTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE

STRUCTURES
VAGINA - collapsible canal extending from vaginal opening back and upward
into body to cervix and uterus.
CERVIX - small end uterus to which vagina leads.
UTERUS - womb, organ within pelvic zone where fetus is carried.
FALLOPIAN TUBES - carry egg cells from ovaries to uterus this is where
fertilization occurs; and
OVARIES - produce estrogen and progesterone.
ESTROGEN - influences female sex characteristics and initiates menstrual cycle.
PROGESTRONE - aids in regulations of menstrual cycle and promotes mature
development of uterine lining to allow for zygote implantation.

Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

 FEMALE
INTERNAL
REPRODUCTIVE
STRUCTURES
 PUBERTY

It involves changes in the endometrium in response to the fluctuating blood levels

of ovarian hormones.

there are three phases:

MENSTRUAL PHASE - this occurs if the ovum is not fertilized and doesn't
implant itself into uterine lining
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE - it occurs when the hypothalamus stimulates the
pituitary gland to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) that stimulates
the ovaries to produce estrogen and causes ova to mature in the ovarian
follicles.
SECRETORY PHASE- it occurs when pituitary gland releases luteinizing
hormone (LH) that causes the ovary to release mature ovum and causes the
remaining portion of the follicle to develop into the corpus luteum.

Back to Agenda Page

Problem Associated with
Menstruation Includes:
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Dysmonorrhea - Painful menstruation caused by overproduction of
prostaglandins, causing the uterine muscles to contract)
Amenorrhea - disruption or absence of menstruation

Female Secondary Sexual Characteristics Emerge After Puberty

Widening of hips And pelvis
Enlargement of breasts

Back to Agenda Page

The Biological Male
Male sexual anatomy is designed for the:

-production and delivery of sperm for

fertilization of the female's ovum;

Back to Agenda Page

 • Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

EXTERNAL GENITALIA OF MALE

PREPUCE - foreskin covering head of penis, removed in male circumcision;
PENIS - glans (head) shaft, and root. The glans is particularly sensitive to
stimulation.
CORONA - rim of glans where it arises from shaft;
FRENULUM - thin strip of skin connecting glans and shaft on underside of penis;
SCROTUM- sac that encloses the two compartments housing the testes
URETHRAL OPENING - found on head ofpenis this is the end of tube connected to
bladder and used for urination. It is also tube to which internal structures deliver
semen by which male ejaculates; and
PERINEUM - area of skin separating the genitalia from the anus, distance is greater
in males than females.

Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

 MALE
EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
STRUCTURES
 • Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

Male Internal Reproductive

Organs
TESTES- produce androgen, particularly large quantities of testosterone, which
greatly influence male development and drive sexual motivation.
VAS DEFERENS - travels from testicle toward urethra carrying sperm
SEMINAL VESICLES - two glands that produce alkaline fluid rich in fructose sugar,
comparing some 70% of semen volume.
EJACULATORY DUCTS - connect vas deferens to urethra.
PROSTATE - gland producing alkaline secretions that account for about 30% of
semen volume.
URETHRA- tube within penis that carries sperm and semen the rest of the way to
the opening of the penis.

Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 4: Anatomy and physiology of Reproduction •

MALE INTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE
ORGANS
Male Characteristics:
Generally taller and greater proportion of body weight composed of water
Proportionately larger heart and lungs, presumably to handle greater
blood fluid volume
Exposure to greater levels of testosterone resulting in heavier body and
facial hair, but also increased frequency and degree of baldness; and
Single X chromosome resulting in sex-linked condition such as
colorblindness and hemophilia.

Back to Agenda Page

 Male Hormones:
The testosterone is the major hormone produced mainly by testes, but there
are other glands called the adrenal glands that also produce some
testosterone. In case a man has lost his testes. These glands would continue
to produce testosterone to support the male physical appearance.

Testosterone is responsible for the growth and development of a boy during

adolescence and for the development of sperm and secondary sexual
characteristics.

Back to Agenda Page

Lesson 5: The
Process of
Reproduction
REPORTED BY: BUTA
AND MESTIOLA

11:11PM
LESSON
0BJECTIVES: Define fertilization,
conception and pregnancy;
Explain how pregnancy
occurs and its prevention;
and
Identify complications of
early pregnancy in the
growing adolescent.

Back to Agenda Page

 • Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

INTRODUCTION
Although human beings are fully sexually
differentiated at birth, the differences between males
and females are accentuated at puberty. This is when
the reproductive system matures, secondary sexual
characteristics develop, and the bodies of males and
females appear more distinctive.

Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

HOW DOES ONE
OVULATE? The major landmark of puberty
among females is the onset of
the menstrual cycle, the
monthly ovulation cycle that
leads to menstruation in the
absence of pregnancy. The
menstrual cycle is from the first
day of a period until the day
before the next period starts.

Back to Agenda Page

MENSTRUAL CYCLE:

Back to Agenda Page

HOW DOES
PREGNANCY For pregnancy to proceed, the
sperm needs to meet up with an
OCCUR? egg. Pregnancy officially starts
when a fertilized egg implants in
the lining of the uterus. Pregnancy
happens 2-3 weeks after sexual
intercourse. Conception is the
process that begins with
fertilization of an egg by the
sperm and ends with implantation.

Back to Agenda Page

Back to Agenda Page
 • Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

TEENAGE PREGNANCY
Teenage pregnancy is a global health problem that
has a detrimental effect on pregnancy outcome and
can lead to poverty and ill health to pass through the
generations. Early parenting reduces the likelihood
that a young woman will complete high school and
pursue the necessary post-secondary education
needed to compete in today’s economy.
Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

WHAT CAN BE
DONE TO Equipping the youth with
the knowledge, skills, and
PREVENT attitudes necessary to
TEENAGE protect themselves against
PREGNANCY? unwanted pregnancy and
provide them access to
reproductive healthcare
are needed.

Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 5: The Process

of Reproduction •

• Lesson 5: The Process

of Reproduction •
• Lesson 5: The Process

of Reproduction •

• Lesson 5: The Process

of Reproduction •
 • Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

HEALTH EFFECTS OF
EARLY PREGNANCY
There are serious health risks associated with early
pregnancy because a young woman’s body is not
mature enough to handle bearing a child. When a
woman is under 20, the pelvic area is still growing and
may not be large enough to allow the baby to easily
pass through the birth canal. This can result in what is
called an “obstructed labor”.
Back to Agenda Page

• Lesson 5: The Process of Reproduction •

COMPLICATIONS:
Excessive Vomiting
Severe Anemia Premature and low
Hypertension birth weight babies
Convulsions Infection
Difficulty in Breast Prolonged Labor
Feeding (if the girl is High Maternal
too young to produce Mortality or Death
milk)

Back to Agenda Page

 BATTE KUDAS
AN AI!
G

GU E SS IT
RIG H T
BR U
IN
G YO
OU I N
T TH K U
E PO W ERFUL OTA
IDENTIFICATION

1. What do you call the study of the function of

each these structures?

2. Is a global health problem that has a

detrimental effect on pregnancy outcome and can
lead to poverty and ill health to pass through the
generations
TRUE OR FALSE

1. Male and female has no pair gonads

2. PMS is the description or absence of menstruation
3. Corona- rim of glans where it arises from shaft
4. eminal vesicles connect vas deferens to urethra
5. Pregnancy happens 2-5 weeks after sexual intercourse
6. When a woman is under 20, the pelvic area is still growing and may not
be large enough to allow the baby to easily pass through the birth canal
that it can result obstructed labor
7. High Maternal Mortality or Death is one of the complications of early
pregnancy
8. Fertilization is the process when an offspring develops within the
mother’s womb.
 Thank you!
Insert a parting or call-to-action message here.