Waste Management

-a need of an hour.

Phalguni Mutha.
Triveni Sonawane.
Vinay Panchbudhe.
Prajwal Vernekar.
Mayuresh Kamble.
What is waste?
Definition of Wastes
Waste refers to materials that are not prime products (that is,
products produced for the market) for which the generator has
no further use in terms of his/her own purposes of production,
transformation or consumption, and of which he/she wants to
dispose.

Waste (also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk,

litter, and ort) is unwanted or useless materials. In biology,
waste is any of the many unwanted substances or toxins that are
expelled from living organisms, metabolic waste; such as urea
and sweat.
 Waste Management
Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to
manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes the collection, transport,
treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste
management process and waste-related laws, technologies, economic mechanisms.

Waste can be solid, liquid, or gases and each type has different methods of disposal and
management. Waste management deals with all types of waste, including industrial,
biological, household, municipal, organic, biomedical, radioactive wastes. In some cases,
waste can pose a threat to human health.[2] Health issues are associated throughout the
entire process of waste management. Health issues can also arise indirectly or directly.
Directly, through the handling of solid waste, and indirectly through the consumption of
water, soil and food. Waste is produced by[3] human activity, for example, the extraction
and processing of raw materials.[4] Waste management is intended to reduce adverse
effects of waste on human health, the environment, planetary resources and aesthetics.
Types of Waste
In general, the wastes may be classified into the following
categories:
• Solid wastes – These are the unwanted substances that are
discarded by human society. These include urban wastes,
industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, biomedical wastes and
radioactive waste.
• Liquid wastes – Wastes generated from washing, flushing or
manufacturing processes of industries are called liquid wastes.
• Gaseous wastes – These are the wastes that are released in the
form of gases from automobiles, factories or burning of fossil
fuels like petroleum. They get mixed in the other gases
atmosphere and occasionally cause events such as smog and
acid rain.
 Sources of Waste
Generation of waste is a part and parcel of day-to-day human life. Wastes can be generated from various sources.
This includes trash or garbage from households, schools, offices, marketplaces, restaurants and other public places. Everyday
items like food debris, used plastic bags, soda cans and plastic water bottles, broken furniture, broken home appliances,
clothing, etc. make up the wastes generated from such sources
Wastes from
Medical or Clinical Agricultural Industrial Sources Commercial
Construction or Mining Sources
sources of wastes sources of wastes of Wastes Sources
Demolition

Wastes produced from health Waste generated by These are the wastes Concrete debris, wood, As a result of the Mining activities also
care facilities, such as agricultural activities, released from huge package boxes and advancement of modem generate wastes that have
hospitals, clinics, surgical including horticulture, manufacturing and plastics from the building cities, industries and the potential to disturb the
theaters, veterinary hospitals, livestock breeding, market processing industries like materials comprise automobiles, wastes are physical, chemical and
and labs are referred to as gardens and seedling chemical plants, cement construction waste, which generated daily on a large biological features of the
medical/clinical waste. This nurseries, are called factories, power plants, is yielded as a result of the scale from commercial land and atmosphere. The
includes surgical items, agricultural wastes. textile industries, food construction of roads and enterprises. These may wastes include the
pharmaceutical, blood, body Wastes generated from processing industries, building. Demolition of old include food items, overburden material,
parts, wound dressing this source include empty petroleum industries. buildings and structures disposable medical items, mine tailings (the waste
materials, needles and pesticide containers, old These industries produce also generate wastes and textiles and much more. left after extracting the
syringes. silage wrap, out of date different types of waste these are called demolition ore from the rock),
medicines and wormers, products. waste. harmful gases released by
used tires, surplus milk, blasting etc.
cocoa pods and corn
husks.
 Reduce / Waste Minimization
The best way to deal with trash is to not have any!
• Reducing the amount of trash you have to throw out actually prevents waste
from piling up in the first place.
• To reduce your waste, avoid unnecessary packaging and items designed to be
used only once.
• Reduce the need for ’single use’ plastic bags by bringing your own bags when
you shop, and use a travel mug when you buy coffee.
• Choose durable, reusable products to make less trash.
Reuse
• Reusing items can save energy and money, and prolong the
item’s useful life.
• Extend the life of items you buy by reusing them.
-For example, reuse containers and jars, and donate still
usable household goods and clothing to charity.
 Recycle
• Every day we use products made from recycled materials.
• Take your glass, cans, newspapers, milk jugs and other acceptable recyclable
items to your local transfer station, drop off location or place out for curbside
collection so that they can be turned into new products like fleece jackets,
• Frisbees, paper products, and soda cans. Recycling saves money, energy, and
the environment.
• It is also found that currently, India generates 70 million metrics of municipal
solid wastes. Out of it, only 20% is recycled and the rest ends up in landfills
and oceans affecting humans, and marine life, along with destroying the
environment.
Compost
• Composting is nature's way of recycling organics.
• When you compost, you convert vegetable scraps, leaves,
grass clippings and other materials into a nutrient rich soil
material.
• You can use finished compost in your garden and around
shrubs or other plants to help them grow.
• Composting also reduces the amount of materials that need
to be disposed of, reducing those related costs.
 Processing and Beneficial Use
• Processing reduces the volume of materials to be landfilled and can create
products such as fuel oils and steam for electricity generation.

• Beneficial use means the reuse of solid waste as a substitute for raw material in
manufacturing, as construction material or fill, as a fuel, or as an agronomic soil
amendment.
 Waste to Energy
• Waste-to-Energy facilities accept our solid waste and combust it at very high
temperatures, producing heat that is used to convert water into steam. The steam
is used to run turbines that generate electricity.

• Scrubbers, filters, and other pollution control equipment reduce pollutants

released during the incineration process. Ash and other residues from this process
are landfilled.

• The total estimated energy generation potential from urban and industrial organic
waste in India is approximately 5690 MW.
Waste to Energy
Thank you.