GUTIERREZ, CHRISTIAN ANDREI M.

NOVEMBER 18, 2022

BSME-SEP-3A DC/AC MACHINERY

I. Instructions: Answer and explain the following questions. Paraphrasing is recommended.

1. What is meant by transformer action? Under what conditions will it take place? Under what
conditions will it not take place?
o Transformer action is an occurrence where EMF (Electro-motive force) is brought within one coil from a
different coil by electromagnetic induction. Electric transformers work on this fundamental premise.
When it is subjected using AC rather than DC, it will take place. Both of them undergo the same flux,
whether completely or partially, as one does. This indicates that there is a shared magnetic circuit
between the two coils.

2. Why are transformers more efficient than rotating electric machines?

In contrast to rotational electrical devices, transformers have an astonishingly high efficiency due to
their modest losses, which only include losses from copper and iron.

3. Distinguish between core-type and shell-type transformers.

o The magnetic component is encircled by coils in the core type. With the low-voltage coil leads at the top
and the high-voltage leads at the bottom, the primary and secondary coils are wrapped around the
edges of the core.

o The magnetic circuit of the shell type surrounds a huge proportion of the windings. Following the
arrangement of all primary and secondary coils, the entire coil assembly is dipped in an insulating
varnish and baked. The effectively trimmed sections would then be compelled through the coil opening
and buttoned to pieces that surround the entire coil.

4. Why transformer cores are made of thin laminated sheets?

o A transformer is typically made up of one or more coils (windings) of conducting wire wound on a
former (bobbin) that surrounds the center limb (occasionally all limbs) of a magnetic material circuit
(core). The winding wires are insulated, and the core is made of steels metal sheets renowned as
laminations which reduces 'eddy current' losses. The assembly is managed to hold together by metal
cheeks renowned as clamps, which are held in place by long screws that are insulated from the
structure as a whole to also limit eddy currents. The winding wires are either connected to terminals
mounted on the clamps or the wire may leave the coil via 'flying leads.'

5. What is meant by the ratio of transformation? How is induced voltage, turns and currents
related with each other.
o A constant-voltage transformer's voltage ratio, or primary to secondary voltage ratio, is primarily
determined by the ratio of primary to secondary turns. The voltage ratio varies slightly depending on the
quantity and power factor of the load. In general, the voltage ratio can be assumed to be identical to the
windings' turn ratio.

REFERENCE:

Enercon Finals Assignment 5 | PDF | Transformer | Inductor (scribd.com)