Name: Alonzo, Angelo DATE: October 6, 2021

Course/Section: BSN1-YA-41 Teacher: Dorlyn Billones

EXERCISE # 6
MASCULAR SYSTEM

OBJECTIVES: To study the skeletal muscle groups making up the muscular system.

1. Explain the different functions of the muscular system.

a. MOBILITY
- The basic purpose of the muscular system is to allow movement. Muscle
contractions help with both gross and fine movement.
b. STABILITY
- Muscle tendons stretch over joints and help to keep them stable. The stabilization
of the knee and shoulder joints is dependent on muscle tendons.
c. POSTURE
- When someone is sitting or standing, skeletal muscles assist in keeping the body in
the proper position. This is referred to as posture.
d. CIRCULATION
- The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood around the body. The heart's
action is uncontrollable, and it contracts naturally when electrical signals are
activated.
e. REPIRATION
- The diaphragm muscle is used for breathing.
f. DIGESTION
- The muscular system permits the body to move around, such as during digestion or
urine.
- Digestion is controlled by smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal system. The
gastrointestinal system runs from the mouth to the anus.

2. Describe the three types of muscle tissues and their important features.
• Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
- Most are attached by tendons to bones
 - Cells are multinucleate
- Striated—have visible banding
- Voluntary—subject to conscious control

• Smooth Muscle Characteristics

- Lacks striations
- Spindle-shaped cells
- Single nucleus
- Involuntary—no conscious control
- Found mainly in the walls of hollow visceral organs (such as stomach, urinary bladder,
respiratory passages)
• Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
- Striations
- Usually has a single nucleus
- Branching cells
- Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc
- Involuntary –
- Found only in the walls of the heart
3. Enumerate the different bases of nomenclature of the muscle and give examples of each..
• Action they perform in Anatomical Position.
- Biceps brachii
- brachioradialis (brachio, arm)
- pectoralis (chest)
- flexor digitorum, (fingers)
• Shape of Muscle
- deltoid (triangular shaped)
- trapezius' (trapezoid shaped)
• Number of origin
- biceps brachii - 2 on scapula
- triceps brachii - 3, 1 sacpula and 2 on humerus
- quadriceps femoris - 4 on ox coxa and femur
• Origin and Insertion
➢ Sternocleidomastoid
- Origin: sterno= sternum, cleido= clavicle
 - Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone= mastoid
• Location
- gluteus: maximus (larger)
- medius (medium)
- minimus (small)
• Direction of fibers
- Rectus abdominus (rectus=straight)
- External obliques
4. Illustrate and label muscles forming the following groups. In the labels, indicate their bases
of nomenclature.